{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"author":"Homer","language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey"},"unit":{"kind":"book","number":7,"id":"book-07","title":{"source":"Ὀδυσσείας η","translated":"Book 7 — Odysseus at the Palace of Alkinoos"},"section":"The Wanderings","summary":"Odysseus enters the palace of Alcinous, clasps the queen's knees and sits in the ashes by the hearth. The Phaeacians promise to carry him home.","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7","lines":347},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8","license":"Source text: public domain (Homer, ancient; Greek per the Murray/Allen text via the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 3.0). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original line-aligned draft, pending editorial review. Word-by-word morphology and syntax derived from the Perseus Ancient Greek Dependency Treebank (CC BY-SA 3.0); English glosses and notes © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"b7-l1","source":"ὧς ὁ μὲν ἔνθʼ ἠρᾶτο πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς,","translation":"So there he prayed, much-enduring noble Odysseus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς","title":"Standard epithet formula","body":"This nominative formula 'much-enduring noble Odysseus' fills the line's end and recurs throughout the poem. Such fixed phrases are the building blocks of oral hexameter."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὧς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠρᾶτο","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(marks contrast)"},{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠρᾶτο","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἠρᾶτο","lemma":"ἀράομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"prayed","note":"Middle-voice ἀράομαι: praying is an act done for oneself."},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"Stock Odysseus epithet, fixed metrical formula."},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"b7-l2","source":"κούρην δὲ προτὶ ἄστυ φέρεν μένος ἡμιόνοιιν.","translation":"while the strength of the mule-pair carried the girl toward the city.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἡμιόνοιιν","title":"Dual of the mule-pair","body":"The form is a genitive dual: the two mules act as a natural pair. Homeric Greek keeps the dual number for paired things."}],"words":[{"surface":"κούρην","lemma":"κόρη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of φέρεν","gloss":"the girl"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and/but"},{"surface":"προτὶ","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward","note":"προτί is the epic/Aeolic form of πρός."},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of προτὶ","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"φέρεν","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"μένος","lemma":"μένος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of φέρεν","gloss":"strength","note":"μένος + genitive = periphrasis for 'the mighty X', common epic idiom."},{"surface":"ἡμιόνοιιν","lemma":"ἡμίονος","morphology":"genitive dual masculine noun","role":"modifies μένος","gloss":"of the mule pair","note":"Dual number: exactly two mules."}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"b7-l3","source":"ἡ δʼ ὅτε δὴ οὗ πατρὸς ἀγακλυτὰ δώμαθʼ ἵκανε,","translation":"But when she had reached her father's glorious halls,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of στῆσεν","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οὗ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"her own","note":"ἑός is the epic possessive reflexive 'his/her own'."},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"father's"},{"surface":"ἀγακλυτὰ","lemma":"ἀγακλυτός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἵκανε","gloss":"halls","note":"Neuter plural δώμαθ᾽ used for a single house, epic convention."},{"surface":"ἵκανε","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"reached"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"b7-l4","source":"στῆσεν ἄρʼ ἐν προθύροισι, κασίγνητοι δέ μιν ἀμφὶς","translation":"she halted at the forecourt, and her brothers around her","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"στῆσεν","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"halted","note":"στῆσεν is transitive aorist 'made stand/stopped', not intransitive 'stood'."},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"προθύροισι","lemma":"πρόθυρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the forecourt"},{"surface":"κασίγνητοι","lemma":"κασίγνητος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἵσταντ᾽","gloss":"her brothers"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἀμφὶς","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ἀμφὶς","lemma":"ἀμφίς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"around","note":"ἀμφὶς 'on both sides of', governing μιν."}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"b7-l5","source":"ἵσταντʼ ἀθανάτοις ἐναλίγκιοι, οἵ ῥʼ ὑπʼ ἀπήνης","translation":"took their stand, men like the immortals, and from under the wagon they","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἵσταντ","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took their stand"},{"surface":"ἀθανάτοις","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἐναλίγκιοι","gloss":"the immortals"},{"surface":"ἐναλίγκιοι","lemma":"ἐναλίγκιος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies κασίγνητοι","gloss":"like","note":"Epic simile-adjective comparing mortal brothers to gods, standard honorific."},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from under"},{"surface":"ἀπήνης","lemma":"ἀπήνη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ὑπ᾽","gloss":"the wagon"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"b7-l6","source":"ἡμιόνους ἔλυον ἐσθῆτά τε ἔσφερον εἴσω.","translation":"loosed the mules and carried the garments inside.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡμιόνους","lemma":"ἡμίονος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἔλυον","gloss":"the mules"},{"surface":"ἔλυον","lemma":"λύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τε","gloss":"loosed"},{"surface":"ἐσθῆτά","lemma":"ἐσθής","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔσφερον","gloss":"the garments"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔσφερον","lemma":"εἰσφέρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τε","gloss":"carried in"},{"surface":"εἴσω","lemma":"εἴσω","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἔσφερον","gloss":"inside"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"b7-l7","source":"αὐτὴ δʼ ἐς θάλαμον ἑὸν ἤιε· δαῖε δέ οἱ πῦρ","translation":"She herself went to her own chamber; and a fire was kindled for her","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὴ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἤιε","gloss":"she herself"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"θάλαμον","lemma":"θάλαμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"her chamber"},{"surface":"ἑὸν","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θάλαμον","gloss":"her own"},{"surface":"ἤιε","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went","note":"εἶμι functions as the ordinary verb 'go' in Homeric Greek, not just 'shall go'."},{"surface":"δαῖε","lemma":"δαίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kindled"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"adverbial to δαῖε","gloss":"for her"},{"surface":"πῦρ","lemma":"πῦρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of δαῖε","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"b7-l8","source":"γρῆυς Ἀπειραίη, θαλαμηπόλος Εὐρυμέδουσα,","translation":"by an old woman of Apeira, the chambermaid Eurymedusa,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"γρῆυς","lemma":"γραῦς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"an old woman"},{"surface":"Ἀπειραίη","lemma":"Ἀπειραῖος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γρῆυς","gloss":"of Apeira"},{"surface":"θαλαμηπόλος","lemma":"θαλαμηπόλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies Εὐρυμέδουσα","gloss":"chambermaid","note":"θαλαμηπόλος: compound noun 'she who tends the chamber', a household title."},{"surface":"Εὐρυμέδουσα","lemma":"Εὐρυμέδουσα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Eurymedousa"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"b7-l9","source":"τήν ποτʼ Ἀπείρηθεν νέες ἤγαγον ἀμφιέλισσαι·","translation":"whom long ago the rolling ships had brought from Apeira;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἀμφιέλισσαι","title":"Ships 'curved at both ends'","body":"A standard epithet for ships, suggesting hulls that curve up at prow and stern. Here it modifies the ships that carried the old woman."}],"words":[{"surface":"τήν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἤγαγον","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"ποτ","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἤγαγον","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"Ἀπείρηθεν","lemma":"Ἀπείρηθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἤγαγον","gloss":"from Apeira","note":"-θεν suffix marks 'from' a place, like English '-ward' in reverse."},{"surface":"νέες","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of ἤγαγον","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"ἤγαγον","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Εὐρυμέδουσα","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"ἀμφιέλισσαι","lemma":"ἀμφιέλισσα","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"modifies νέες","gloss":"curved","note":"ἀμφιέλισσαι 'rolling/curved on both ends', standard Homeric ship-epithet."}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"b7-l10","source":"Ἀλκινόῳ δʼ αὐτὴν γέρας ἔξελον, οὕνεκα πᾶσιν","translation":"and they had chosen her out as a gift of honor for Alkinoos, because over all","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκινόῳ","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἔξελον","gloss":"for Alkinoos"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐτὴν","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"object of ἔξελον","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"γέρας","lemma":"γέρας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as a prize","note":"γέρας: a war-prize/gift of honor, key social-custom term in Homer."},{"surface":"ἔξελον","lemma":"ἐξαιρέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"chose out"},{"surface":"οὕνεκα","lemma":"οὕνεκα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"πᾶσιν","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Φαιήκεσσιν","gloss":"over all"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"b7-l11","source":"Φαιήκεσσιν ἄνασσε, θεοῦ δʼ ὣς δῆμος ἄκουεν·","translation":"the Phaeacians he ruled, and the people heeded him as a god.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Φαιήκεσσιν","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἄνασσε","gloss":"the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἄνασσε","lemma":"ἀνάσσω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"ruled"},{"surface":"θεοῦ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"a god"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as","note":"θεοῦ δ᾽ ὣς 'as (they heed) a god' — king-as-god simile, common Homeric kingship idiom."},{"surface":"δῆμος","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἄκουεν","gloss":"the people"},{"surface":"ἄκουεν","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"heeded"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"b7-l12","source":"ἣ τρέφε Ναυσικάαν λευκώλενον ἐν μεγάροισιν.","translation":"She had reared white-armed Nausicaa in the halls.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"λευκώλενον","title":"'White-armed'","body":"A recurring epithet for women, here for Nausicaa. The bare white arm was a mark of beauty in Homeric description."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἣ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of τρέφε","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"τρέφε","lemma":"τρέφω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a subordinate clause","gloss":"reared"},{"surface":"Ναυσικάαν","lemma":"Ναυσικάα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τρέφε","gloss":"Nausicaa"},{"surface":"λευκώλενον","lemma":"λευκώλενος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ναυσικάαν","gloss":"white-armed","note":"Standard epithet for young noblewomen in Homer."},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροισιν","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the halls"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"b7-l13","source":"ἥ οἱ πῦρ ἀνέκαιε καὶ εἴσω δόρπον ἐκόσμει.","translation":"She it was who kindled the fire for her and prepared her supper within.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἀνέκαιε","gloss":"for her"},{"surface":"πῦρ","lemma":"πῦρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀνέκαιε","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"ἀνέκαιε","lemma":"ἀνακαίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kindled"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἴσω","lemma":"εἴσω","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐκόσμει","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"δόρπον","lemma":"δόρπον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐκόσμει","gloss":"supper"},{"surface":"ἐκόσμει","lemma":"κοσμέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"prepared"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"b7-l14","source":"καὶ τότʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς ὦρτο πόλινδʼ ἴμεν· ἀμφὶ δʼ\n                  Ἀθήνη","translation":"Just then Odysseus rose to go to the city; and around him Athena","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότ","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὦρτο","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ὦρτο","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"ὦρτο","lemma":"ὄρνυμι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rose","note":"Middle aorist of ὄρνυμι: he rouses himself to go."},{"surface":"πόλινδ","lemma":"πόλινδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἴμεν","gloss":"to the city","note":"-δε suffix = motion toward, like a directional accusative-ending."},{"surface":"ἴμεν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"adverbial to ὦρτο","gloss":"to go"},{"surface":"ἀμφὶ","lemma":"ἀμφί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to χεῦε","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of χεῦε","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"b7-l15","source":"πολλὴν ἠέρα χεῦε φίλα φρονέουσʼ Ὀδυσῆι,","translation":"poured a thick mist, in her kindness toward Odysseus,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l15.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"φρονέουσʼ","title":"Participle of intent","body":"The feminine participle (from φρονέω, 'thinking/intending') describes Athena 'thinking kindly,' modifying the subject of the main verb. Participles like this compress motive into a single word."}],"words":[{"surface":"πολλὴν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἠέρα","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"ἠέρα","lemma":"ἀήρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of χεῦε","gloss":"mist"},{"surface":"χεῦε","lemma":"χέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"poured","note":"χεῦε: goddess literally 'pours' concealing mist around the hero, a recurring divine-aid motif."},{"surface":"φίλα","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to φρονέουσ᾽","gloss":"kindly"},{"surface":"φρονέουσ","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to χεῦε","gloss":"caring for"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσῆι","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φρονέουσ᾽","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"b7-l16","source":"μή τις Φαιήκων μεγαθύμων ἀντιβολήσας","translation":"so that none of the great-hearted Phaeacians, meeting him,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"μεγαθύμων","lemma":"μεγάθυμος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Φαιήκων","gloss":"great-hearted"},{"surface":"ἀντιβολήσας","lemma":"ἀντιβολέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"meeting him"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"b7-l17","source":"κερτομέοι τʼ ἐπέεσσι καὶ ἐξερέοιθʼ ὅτις εἴη.","translation":"might taunt him with words and ask who he was.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"κερτομέοι... ἐξερέοιθʼ","title":"Optatives of purpose","body":"Both verbs are optative in a negative purpose clause after μή ('lest someone...'). The optative marks the action as feared rather than real."}],"words":[{"surface":"κερτομέοι","lemma":"κερτομέω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"might taunt","note":"Negative purpose clause: μή + optative in secondary sequence, stating what Athena wants to prevent — not a clause of fear (which needs a governing verb of fearing)."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπέεσσι","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to κερτομέοι","gloss":"with words"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐξερέοιθ","lemma":"ἐξέρομαι","morphology":"present middle optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"ὅτις","lemma":"ὅστις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἐξερέοιθ᾽","gloss":"he was"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"b7-l18","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε πόλιν δύσεσθαι ἐραννήν,","translation":"But when he was about to enter the lovely city,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἔμελλε","lemma":"μέλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"was about"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of δύσεσθαι","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"δύσεσθαι","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"future middle infinitive","role":"object of ἔμελλε","gloss":"to enter"},{"surface":"ἐραννήν","lemma":"ἐραννός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies πόλιν","gloss":"lovely"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"b7-l19","source":"ἔνθα οἱ ἀντεβόλησε θεά, γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη,","translation":"there the goddess met him, gray-eyed Athena,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l19.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη","title":"'Gray-eyed Athena'","body":"Her signature epithet; γλαυκῶπις suggests bright, gleaming, owl-like eyes. It is one of the most frequent name-formulas in the poem."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀντεβόλησε","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀντεβόλησε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ἀντεβόλησε","lemma":"ἀντιβολέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"met"},{"surface":"θεά","lemma":"θεά","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"the goddess"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed","note":"γλαυκῶπις: Athena's signature epithet, always paired with her name in formula."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"b7-l20","source":"παρθενικῇ ἐικυῖα νεήνιδι, κάλπιν ἐχούσῃ.","translation":"in the likeness of a young unmarried girl carrying a pitcher.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παρθενικῇ","lemma":"παρθενικός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"a young girl"},{"surface":"ἐικυῖα","lemma":"εἰκός","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἀντεβόλησε","gloss":"looking like","note":"Divine disguise motif: goddess appears εἰκυῖα 'in the likeness of' a mortal girl."},{"surface":"νεήνιδι","lemma":"νεᾶνις","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐικυῖα","gloss":"unmarried"},{"surface":"κάλπιν","lemma":"κάλπις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐχούσῃ","gloss":"a pitcher"},{"surface":"ἐχούσῃ","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, dative singular feminine","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"b7-l21","source":"στῆ δὲ πρόσθʼ αὐτοῦ, ὁ δʼ ἀνείρετο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"She stood before him, and noble Odysseus questioned her:","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"στῆ","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πρόσθ","lemma":"πρόσθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"adverbial to πρόσθ᾽","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀνείρετο","lemma":"ἀνέρομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"questioned"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"b7-l22","source":"ὦ τέκος, οὐκ ἄν μοι δόμον ἀνέρος ἡγήσαιο","translation":"\"My child, could you not guide me to the house of the man,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l22.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἡγήσαιο","title":"Polite optative","body":"The aorist optative with ἄν makes a courteous request ('would you guide me?') rather than a blunt command. It softens the asking."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὦ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"τέκος","lemma":"τέκος","morphology":"vocative singular neuter noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"child","note":"Vocative τέκος: polite address to a young girl, ironically spoken to a disguised goddess."},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἄν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential marker)"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἡγήσαιο","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἡγήσαιο","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"ἀνέρος","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δόμον","gloss":"of the man"},{"surface":"ἡγήσαιο","lemma":"ἡγέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"guide","note":"Optative + ἄν = polite potential question, 'could you guide...?'"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"b7-l23","source":"Ἀλκινόου, ὃς τοῖσδε μετʼ ἀνθρώποισι ἀνάσσει;","translation":"Alkinoos, who rules among these people here?","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκινόου","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνέρος","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀνάσσει","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τοῖσδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἀνθρώποισι","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"μετ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώποισι","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of μετ᾽","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"ἀνάσσει","lemma":"ἀνάσσω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ἀλκινόου","gloss":"rules"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"b7-l24","source":"καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ ξεῖνος ταλαπείριος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκάνω","translation":"For I come here a much-tried stranger,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἱκάνω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ξεῖνος","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"a stranger"},{"surface":"ταλαπείριος","lemma":"ταλαπείριος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ξεῖνος","gloss":"much-tried","note":"ταλαπείριος: Odysseus's self-description as a suffering wanderer, echoing πολύτλας."},{"surface":"ἐνθάδ","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἱκάνω","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ἱκάνω","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"come"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"b7-l25","source":"τηλόθεν ἐξ ἀπίης γαίης· τῷ οὔ τινα οἶδα","translation":"from far off, out of a distant land; so I know no one","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τηλόθεν","lemma":"τηλόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἱκάνω","gloss":"from afar"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"ἀπίης","lemma":"ἄπιος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαίης","gloss":"distant"},{"surface":"γαίης","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐξ","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"τῷ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to οἶδα","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"τινα","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of οἶδα","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"οἶδα","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I know","note":"Perfect οἶδα with present force: 'I know' (from having seen)."}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"b7-l26","source":"ἀνθρώπων, οἳ τήνδε πόλιν καὶ γαῖαν ἔχουσιν.","translation":"among the people who hold this city and land.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τινα","gloss":"of the people"},{"surface":"οἳ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τήνδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies πόλιν","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ἔχουσιν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνθρώπων","gloss":"hold"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"b7-l27","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε θεά, γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·","translation":"Then in turn the goddess answered him, gray-eyed Athena:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"θεά","lemma":"θεά","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"the goddess"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"b7-l28","source":"τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, ξεῖνε πάτερ, δόμον, ὅν με κελεύεις,","translation":"\"Well then, father stranger, the house that you bid me","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοιγὰρ","lemma":"τοιγάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"well then"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of δείξω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of δείξω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πάτερ","gloss":"stranger","note":"Vocative ξεῖνε πάτερ 'stranger father': respectful epic address to an older stranger."},{"surface":"πάτερ","lemma":"πάτηρ","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δείξω","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"ὅν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κελεύεις","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δόμον","gloss":"you bid"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"b7-l29","source":"δείξω, ἐπεί μοι πατρὸς ἀμύμονος ἐγγύθι ναίει.","translation":"point out, I will show you, for it stands near my own noble father's.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l29.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δείξω","lemma":"δείκνυμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will show","note":"Future of δείκνυμι 'show' — Athena promises to point out the house."},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies","gloss":"father's"},{"surface":"ἀμύμονος","lemma":"ἀμύμων","morphology":"genitive singular adjective","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"ἐγγύθι","lemma":"ἐγγύθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition","gloss":"nearby"},{"surface":"ναίει","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"dwells","note":"ναίω 'dwell' — common epic verb for where a god or hero has his home."}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"b7-l30","source":"ἀλλʼ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δʼ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω,","translation":"But go on in silence like this, and I will lead the way,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἴθι","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"go","note":"Imperative of εἶμι 'go' — irregular athematic present used as a common command form in epic."},{"surface":"σιγῇ","lemma":"σιγή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἴθι","gloss":"in silence"},{"surface":"τοῖον","lemma":"τοῖος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἴθι","gloss":"thus","note":"Neuter accusative τοῖον used adverbially, 'in such a way' — matches σιγῇ, describing manner of going."},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἡγεμονεύσω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὁδὸν","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἡγεμονεύσω","gloss":"the way"},{"surface":"ἡγεμονεύσω","lemma":"ἡγεμονεύω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will lead"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"b7-l31","source":"μηδέ τινʼ ἀνθρώπων προτιόσσεο μηδʼ ἐρέεινε.","translation":"and look at none of the people, nor question anyone.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l31.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"προτιόσσεο... ἐρέεινε","title":"Negative commands","body":"Both verbs are imperatives under μηδέ ('and do not...'). Homer strings prohibitions together to warn the stranger sharply."}],"words":[{"surface":"μηδέ","lemma":"μηδέ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and not"},{"surface":"τιν","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προτιόσσεο","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τιν᾽","gloss":"of the people"},{"surface":"προτιόσσεο","lemma":"προτιόσσομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"look at"},{"surface":"μηδ","lemma":"μηδέ","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"ἐρέεινε","lemma":"ἐρεείνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"question"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"b7-l32","source":"οὐ γὰρ ξείνους οἵδε μάλʼ ἀνθρώπους ἀνέχονται,","translation":"For these men do not at all tolerate strangers,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ξείνους","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνθρώπους","gloss":"strangers"},{"surface":"οἵδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀνέχονται","gloss":"these men","note":"ὅδε 'this/these' — near-deictic pronoun, pointing at the Phaeacians as present to the speaker."},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"very much"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπους","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἀνέχονται","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"ἀνέχονται","lemma":"ἀνέχω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"tolerate"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"b7-l33","source":"οὐδʼ ἀγαπαζόμενοι φιλέουσʼ ὅς κʼ ἄλλοθεν ἔλθῃ.","translation":"nor do they welcome with affection whoever comes from elsewhere.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγαπαζόμενοι","lemma":"ἀγαπάζω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to φιλέουσ᾽","gloss":"welcoming","note":"Middle participle of ἀγαπάζω 'greet warmly' — describes the manner (missing) of φιλέουσι."},{"surface":"φιλέουσ","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they love/welcome"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔλθῃ","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(indefinite marker)","note":"κε with the subjunctive ἔλθῃ marks a general/indefinite relative clause, 'whoever comes.'"},{"surface":"ἄλλοθεν","lemma":"ἄλλοθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἔλθῃ","gloss":"from elsewhere"},{"surface":"ἔλθῃ","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of φιλέουσ᾽","gloss":"comes"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"b7-l34","source":"νηυσὶ θοῇσιν τοί γε πεποιθότες ὠκείῃσι","translation":"Trusting in their swift, fast ships","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηυσὶ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of πεποιθότες","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"θοῇσιν","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηυσὶ","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"τοί","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐκπερόωσιν","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πεποιθότες","lemma":"πείθω","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐκπερόωσιν","gloss":"trusting","note":"πεποιθότες — perfect participle of πείθω used with a present sense 'trusting,' a common Homeric perfect-as-present."},{"surface":"ὠκείῃσι","lemma":"ὠκύς","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηυσὶ","gloss":"swift"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"b7-l35","source":"λαῖτμα μέγʼ ἐκπερόωσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκʼ ἐνοσίχθων·","translation":"they cross the great gulf of the sea, for the Earth-shaker granted it to them;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l35.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἐνοσίχθων","title":"'Earth-shaker'","body":"A standing epithet of Poseidon, god of the sea and of earthquakes. Here it explains the Phaeacians' gift for seafaring."}],"words":[{"surface":"λαῖτμα","lemma":"λαῖτμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐκπερόωσιν","gloss":"gulf (of sea)"},{"surface":"μέγ","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies λαῖτμα","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ἐκπερόωσιν","lemma":"ἐκπεράω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they cross"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"σφισι","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of δῶκ᾽","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δῶκ","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"ἐνοσίχθων","lemma":"Ἐνοσίχθων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δῶκ᾽","gloss":"the Earth-shaker","note":"Ἐνοσίχθων, epithet-name for Poseidon, 'Shaker of the Earth' — his gift explains the Phaeacians' famed seafaring."}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"b7-l36","source":"τῶν νέες ὠκεῖαι ὡς εἰ πτερὸν ἠὲ νόημα.","translation":"their ships are swift as a wing or a thought.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l36.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies νέες","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"νέες","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"ὠκεῖαι","lemma":"ὠκύς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"πτερὸν","lemma":"πτερόν","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"a wing","note":"ὡς εἰ + noun, a Homeric simile formula 'as if a wing,' comparing ship speed to flight and thought."},{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"νόημα","lemma":"νόημα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"a thought"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"b7-l37","source":"ὣς ἄρα φωνήσασʼ ἡγήσατο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη","translation":"So having spoken, Pallas Athena led the way","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φωνήσασ᾽","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"φωνήσασ","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἡγήσατο","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"ἡγήσατο","lemma":"ἡγέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"led the way"},{"surface":"Παλλὰς","lemma":"Παλλάς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἡγήσατο","gloss":"Athena","note":"Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη — standard epic name-epithet pairing filling the line's second half."}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"b7-l38","source":"καρπαλίμως· ὁ δʼ ἔπειτα μετʼ ἴχνια βαῖνε θεοῖο.","translation":"quickly; and he then walked behind in the footsteps of the goddess.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καρπαλίμως","lemma":"καρπάλιμος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἡγήσατο","gloss":"swiftly"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of βαῖνε","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βαῖνε","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"μετ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"ἴχνια","lemma":"ἴχνιον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of μετ᾽","gloss":"footsteps"},{"surface":"βαῖνε","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"walked","note":"Imperfect βαῖνε 'was walking' — durative aspect fits Odysseus following step by step."},{"surface":"θεοῖο","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἴχνια","gloss":"of the goddess"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"b7-l39","source":"τὸν δʼ ἄρα Φαίηκες ναυσικλυτοὶ οὐκ ἐνόησαν","translation":"Now the Phaeacians, famed for their ships, did not notice him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐνόησαν","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Φαίηκες","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐνόησαν","gloss":"the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ναυσικλυτοὶ","lemma":"ναυσικλυτός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Φαίηκες","gloss":"ship-famed","note":"ναυσικλυτός, compound epithet 'famed for ships' — fitting for the seafaring Phaeacians."},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἐνόησαν","lemma":"νοέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"noticed"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"b7-l40","source":"ἐρχόμενον κατὰ ἄστυ διὰ σφέας· οὐ γὰρ Ἀθήνη","translation":"as he came through the city among them; for Athena","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l40.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐρχόμενον","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of κατὰ","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"διὰ","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"σφέας","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to διὰ","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"b7-l41","source":"εἴα ἐυπλόκαμος, δεινὴ θεός, ἥ ῥά οἱ ἀχλὺν","translation":"the fair-haired, the dread goddess, would not allow it, she who upon him a mist","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l41.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴα","lemma":"ἐάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was allowing","note":"Imperfect ἐάω 'let/allow' — governs the implied clause that the Phaeacians not see Odysseus."},{"surface":"ἐυπλόκαμος","lemma":"εὐπλόκαμος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"fair-haired"},{"surface":"δεινὴ","lemma":"δεινός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θεός","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"θεός","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of κατέχευε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ῥά","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κατέχευε","gloss":"on him"},{"surface":"ἀχλὺν","lemma":"ἀχλύς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of κατέχευε","gloss":"a mist","note":"ἀχλύς 'mist' — the concealing cloud Athena pours over Odysseus, a common divine-veiling motif."}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"b7-l42","source":"θεσπεσίην κατέχευε φίλα φρονέουσʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ.","translation":"wondrous poured down, in the kindness of her heart.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l42.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θεσπεσίην","lemma":"θεσπέσιος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀχλὺν","gloss":"wondrous"},{"surface":"κατέχευε","lemma":"καταχεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"poured down"},{"surface":"φίλα","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to φρονέουσ᾽","gloss":"kindly","note":"φίλα φρονέουσα, idiomatic 'thinking kindly/friendly thoughts,' i.e. out of goodwill."},{"surface":"φρονέουσ","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to κατέχευε","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"b7-l43","source":"θαύμαζεν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς λιμένας καὶ νῆας ἐίσας","translation":"And Odysseus marveled at the harbors and the balanced ships,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l43.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θαύμαζεν","lemma":"θαυμάζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"marveled"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of θαύμαζεν","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"λιμένας","lemma":"λιμήν","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"harbors"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νῆας","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"ἐίσας","lemma":"ἔισος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆας","gloss":"balanced","note":"ἔισος 'well-balanced/trim' — stock Homeric epithet for well-built ships."}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"b7-l44","source":"αὐτῶν θʼ ἡρώων ἀγορὰς καὶ τείχεα μακρὰ","translation":"and at the gathering-places of the heroes themselves, and the long walls,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l44.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτῶν","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἡρώων","gloss":"of themselves"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἡρώων","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀγορὰς","gloss":"heroes"},{"surface":"ἀγορὰς","lemma":"ἀγορά","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"gathering-places"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τείχεα","lemma":"τεῖχος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"μακρὰ","lemma":"μακρός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"b7-l45","source":"ὑψηλά, σκολόπεσσιν ἀρηρότα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι.","translation":"high, fitted with palisades, a wonder to behold.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l45.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἰδέσθαι","title":"Epexegetic infinitive","body":"The middle infinitive ἰδέσθαι ('to behold') is an epexegetic infinitive: it specifies in what respect the walls are a wonder ('a wonder in the beholding of them'), not an infinitive of result. Homer often caps a description with this admiring formula."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὑψηλά","lemma":"ὑψηλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"σκολόπεσσιν","lemma":"σκόλοψ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἀρηρότα","gloss":"with palisades"},{"surface":"ἀρηρότα","lemma":"ἀραρίσκω","morphology":"perfect active participle, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"fitted","note":"Perfect participle ἀρηρότα of ἀραρίσκω 'fit together' — emphasizes the walls' solid, finished construction."},{"surface":"θαῦμα","lemma":"θαῦμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"a wonder"},{"surface":"ἰδέσθαι","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"modifies θαῦμα","gloss":"to behold"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"b7-l46","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ βασιλῆος ἀγακλυτὰ δώμαθʼ ἵκοντο,","translation":"But when they reached the king's glorious halls,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l46.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"βασιλῆος","lemma":"βασιλεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"the king's"},{"surface":"ἀγακλυτὰ","lemma":"ἀγακλυτός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἵκοντο","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"ἵκοντο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"they reached"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"b7-l47","source":"τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε θεά, γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·","translation":"the goddess, gray-eyed Athena, was the first to speak among them:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l47.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσι","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦρχε","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μύθων","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἦρχε","gloss":"of words"},{"surface":"ἦρχε","lemma":"ἄρχω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"began","note":"ἦρχε μύθων 'began of words' — Homeric idiom for 'was the first to speak.'"},{"surface":"θεά","lemma":"θεά","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"the goddess"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed","note":"γλαυκῶπις, Athena's recurring epithet 'bright/gray-eyed,' part of the standard name formula."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"b7-l48","source":"οὗτος δή τοι, ξεῖνε πάτερ, δόμος, ὅν με\n                     κελεύεις","translation":"\"This here, father stranger, is the house that you bid me","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l48.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὗτος","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πάτερ","gloss":"stranger","note":"ξεῖνε πάτερ, 'stranger father' — a respectful epic address to an honored guest, not literal kinship."},{"surface":"πάτερ","lemma":"πάτηρ","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"father (address)"},{"surface":"δόμος","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ὅν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πεφραδέμεν","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of πεφραδέμεν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κελεύεις","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δόμος","gloss":"you bid"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"b7-l49","source":"πεφραδέμεν· δήεις δὲ διοτρεφέας βασιλῆας","translation":"point out; and you will find the kings, nurtured by Zeus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l49.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"διοτρεφέας","title":"'Nurtured by Zeus'","body":"A common epithet for kings, asserting that royal authority is divinely fostered. It dignifies the Phaeacian nobles."}],"words":[{"surface":"πεφραδέμεν","lemma":"φράζω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of κελεύεις","gloss":"to point out"},{"surface":"δήεις","lemma":"δήω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will find","note":"δήω, a rare epic future-present verb meaning 'find/come upon' — distinct from the common εὑρίσκω."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"διοτρεφέας","lemma":"Διοτρεφής","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βασιλῆας","gloss":"Zeus-nurtured","note":"Διοτρεφής, 'fostered by Zeus' — formulaic epithet for kings, marking their divine favor."},{"surface":"βασιλῆας","lemma":"βασιλεύς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of δήεις","gloss":"kings"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"b7-l50","source":"δαίτην δαινυμένους· σὺ δʼ ἔσω κίε, μηδέ τι θυμῷ","translation":"feasting at their banquet; but go inside, and do not in your heart","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l50.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δαίτην","lemma":"δαίτη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of δαινυμένους","gloss":"banquet"},{"surface":"δαινυμένους","lemma":"δαίνυμι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"feasting"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of κίε","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔσω","lemma":"ἔσω","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of κίε","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"κίε","lemma":"κίω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to τάρβει","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to τάρβει","gloss":"in heart","note":"μηδέ τι θυμῷ ταρβεῖ, idiom 'don't be afraid at all in your heart' — spans into the next line's verb."}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"b7-l51","source":"τάρβει· θαρσαλέος γὰρ ἀνὴρ ἐν πᾶσιν ἀμείνων","translation":"be afraid; for a bold man fares better in all","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l51.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τάρβει","lemma":"ταρβέω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"be afraid"},{"surface":"θαρσαλέος","lemma":"θαρσαλέος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνὴρ","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἀνὴρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τελέθει","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"πᾶσιν","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔργοισιν","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀμείνων","lemma":"ἀμείνων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"better","note":"Comparative ἀμείνων, predicate: 'the bold man fares better' — a gnomic maxim Athena offers as encouragement."}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"b7-l52","source":"ἔργοισιν τελέθει, εἰ καί ποθεν ἄλλοθεν ἔλθοι.","translation":"his undertakings, even if he has come from somewhere else.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l52.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔργοισιν","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"undertakings"},{"surface":"τελέθει","lemma":"τελέθω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"fares/turns out"},{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ποθεν","lemma":"ποθεν","morphology":"particle","role":"object of ἔλθοι","gloss":"from somewhere"},{"surface":"ἄλλοθεν","lemma":"ἄλλοθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ἔλθοι","gloss":"from elsewhere"},{"surface":"ἔλθοι","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"he has come"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"b7-l53","source":"δέσποιναν μὲν πρῶτα κιχήσεαι ἐν μεγάροισιν·","translation":"The mistress you will reach first in the halls;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l53.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δέσποιναν","lemma":"δέσποινα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of κιχήσεαι","gloss":"the mistress"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πρῶτα","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to κιχήσεαι","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"κιχήσεαι","lemma":"κιχάνω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will reach"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροισιν","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the halls"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"b7-l54","source":"Ἀρήτη δʼ ὄνομʼ ἐστὶν ἐπώνυμον, ἐκ δὲ τοκήων","translation":"Arete is her name, used of her, and from the same","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l54.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀρήτη","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"Arete","note":"Ἀρήτη, the queen's name — etymologically linked to ἀρή/prayer, fitting her role as one 'prayed to' for help."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὄνομ","lemma":"ὄνομα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἐστὶν","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"ἐστὶν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ἐπώνυμον","lemma":"ἐπώνυμος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὄνομ᾽","gloss":"given as her own"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοκήων","lemma":"τοκεύς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"the same parents"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"b7-l55","source":"τῶν αὐτῶν οἵ περ τέκον Ἀλκίνοον βασιλῆα.","translation":"parents she springs who fathered King Alkinoos.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l55.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine article","role":"modifies τοκήων","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"αὐτῶν","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies τοκήων","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τέκον","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τέκον","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τοκήων","gloss":"fathered","note":"τέκον, aorist of τίκτω 'bear/beget' — used of both parents jointly producing the king, unusual scope for the verb."},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοον","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τέκον","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"βασιλῆα","lemma":"βασιλεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἀλκίνοον","gloss":"king"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"b7-l56","source":"Ναυσίθοον μὲν πρῶτα Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων","translation":"Nausithoos first Poseidon the Earth-shaker","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l56.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ναυσίθοον","lemma":"Ναυσίθοος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of γείνατο","gloss":"Nausithoos","note":"Ναυσίθοος, 'swift in ships' — a speaking name fitting the Phaeacians' seafaring identity."},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πρῶτα","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to γείνατο","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Ποσειδάων","lemma":"Ποσειδεών","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Poseidon"},{"surface":"ἐνοσίχθων","lemma":"Ἐνοσίχθων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ποσειδάων","gloss":"Earth-shaker"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"b7-l57","source":"γείνατο καὶ Περίβοια, γυναικῶν εἶδος ἀρίστη,","translation":"begot, and Periboia, in beauty the best of women,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l57.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"γείνατο","lemma":"γείνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"begot"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Περίβοια","lemma":"Περίβοια","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Periboia"},{"surface":"γυναικῶν","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀρίστη","gloss":"of women"},{"surface":"εἶδος","lemma":"εἶδος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"modifies ἀρίστη","gloss":"in beauty"},{"surface":"ἀρίστη","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Περίβοια","gloss":"best","note":"γυναικῶν εἶδος ἀρίστη, formula 'best of women in form' — a stock beauty superlative."}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"b7-l58","source":"ὁπλοτάτη θυγάτηρ μεγαλήτορος Εὐρυμέδοντος,","translation":"the youngest daughter of great-hearted Eurymedon,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l58.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὁπλοτάτη","lemma":"ὁπλότατος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θυγάτηρ","gloss":"youngest"},{"surface":"θυγάτηρ","lemma":"θυγάτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"μεγαλήτορος","lemma":"μεγαλήτωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Εὐρυμέδοντος","gloss":"great-hearted","note":"epic epithet formula, genitive agreeing with the name it praises"},{"surface":"Εὐρυμέδοντος","lemma":"Εὐρυμέδων","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies θυγάτηρ","gloss":"of Eurymedon"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"b7-l59","source":"ὅς ποθʼ ὑπερθύμοισι Γιγάντεσσιν βασίλευεν.","translation":"who once was king over the overweening Giants.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l59.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of βασίλευεν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ποθ","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to βασίλευεν","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"ὑπερθύμοισι","lemma":"ὑπέρθυμος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Γιγάντεσσιν","gloss":"overweening","note":"dative plural agreeing with Γιγάντεσσιν, the group ruled over"},{"surface":"Γιγάντεσσιν","lemma":"Γίγας","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of βασίλευεν","gloss":"the Giants"},{"surface":"βασίλευεν","lemma":"βασιλεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Εὐρυμέδοντος","gloss":"was king","note":"imperfect: ongoing past rule, 'used to be king'"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"b7-l60","source":"ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ὤλεσε λαὸν ἀτάσθαλον, ὤλετο δʼ αὐτός·","translation":"But he destroyed his reckless people, and was destroyed himself;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l60.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ὤλεσε... ὤλετο","title":"Active versus middle voice","body":"ὤλεσε (active) is 'he destroyed,' while ὤλετο (middle) is 'he perished/was destroyed himself.' The same root contrasts doing harm and suffering it."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὤλεσε","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(on one hand)","note":"μὲν...δ᾽ pairs this clause with ὤλετο δ᾽ αὐτός, 'he destroyed... but was destroyed'"},{"surface":"ὤλεσε","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"destroyed"},{"surface":"λαὸν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὤλεσε","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"ἀτάσθαλον","lemma":"ἀτάσθαλος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies λαὸν","gloss":"reckless"},{"surface":"ὤλετο","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was destroyed","note":"same verb ὄλλυμι, middle voice this time: 'perished' vs. active 'destroyed'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐτός","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"b7-l61","source":"τῇ δὲ Ποσειδάων ἐμίγη καὶ ἐγείνατο παῖδα","translation":"and Poseidon lay with her and begot a son,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l61.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῇ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἐμίγη","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ποσειδάων","lemma":"Ποσειδεών","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Poseidon"},{"surface":"ἐμίγη","lemma":"μίγνυμι","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay with","note":"aorist passive of μίγνυμι used with dative object, idiom for sexual union"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐγείνατο","lemma":"γείνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"begot"},{"surface":"παῖδα","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"a son"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"b7-l62","source":"Ναυσίθοον μεγάθυμον, ὃς ἐν Φαίηξιν ἄνασσε·","translation":"great-hearted Nausithoos, who was king among the Phaeacians;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l62.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ναυσίθοον","lemma":"Ναυσίθοος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"Nausithoos"},{"surface":"μεγάθυμον","lemma":"μεγάθυμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ναυσίθοον","gloss":"great-hearted"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἄνασσε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"Φαίηξιν","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἄνασσε","lemma":"ἀνάσσω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ναυσίθοον","gloss":"was king","note":"imperfect ἄνασσε, 'ruled/was king', parallel to βασίλευεν above"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"b7-l63","source":"Ναυσίθοος δʼ ἔτεκεν Ῥηξήνορά τʼ Ἀλκίνοόν τε.","translation":"and Nausithoos fathered Rhexenor and Alkinoos.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l63.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ναυσίθοος","lemma":"Ναυσίθοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔτεκεν","gloss":"Nausithoos"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔτεκεν","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"fathered"},{"surface":"Ῥηξήνορά","lemma":"Ῥηξήνωρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"Rhexenor"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοόν","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and","note":"τε...τε 'both...and' links the two sons"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"b7-l64","source":"τὸν μὲν ἄκουρον ἐόντα βάλʼ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων","translation":"The former, while still without a son, silver-bowed Apollo struck down,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l64.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἀργυρότοξος","title":"'Silver-bowed' Apollo","body":"A fixed epithet of Apollo, the archer-god whose arrows bring sudden death. Here it marks him as the cause of Rhexenor's killing."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of βάλ᾽","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(on one hand)"},{"surface":"ἄκουρον","lemma":"ἄκουρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"sonless"},{"surface":"ἐόντα","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"being","note":"present participle 'being' + predicate adj ἄκουρον: 'while being sonless'"},{"surface":"βάλ","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"struck down"},{"surface":"ἀργυρότοξος","lemma":"ἀργυρότοξος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀπόλλων","gloss":"silver-bowed","note":"stock epithet for Apollo, marking his role as archer-god who deals sudden death"},{"surface":"Ἀπόλλων","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of βάλ᾽","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"b7-l65","source":"νυμφίον ἐν μεγάρῳ, μίαν οἴην παῖδα λιπόντα","translation":"a bridegroom in his hall, leaving behind one only child,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l65.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νυμφίον","lemma":"νυμφίος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"a bridegroom"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάρῳ","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"his hall"},{"surface":"μίαν","lemma":"εἷς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies παῖδα","gloss":"one","note":"μίαν οἴην doubles up 'one' + 'only' for emphasis, epic redundancy"},{"surface":"οἴην","lemma":"οἶος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies παῖδα","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"παῖδα","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"λιπόντα","lemma":"λείπω","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"leaving behind"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"b7-l66","source":"Ἀρήτην· τὴν δʼ Ἀλκίνοος ποιήσατʼ ἄκοιτιν,","translation":"Arete; and her Alkinoos made his wife,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l66.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀρήτην","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ποιήσατ᾽","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ποιήσατ᾽","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"ποιήσατ","lemma":"ποιέω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"ἄκοιτιν","lemma":"ἄκοιτις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"complement of ποιήσατ᾽","gloss":"his wife","note":"double accusative with ποιέω: 'made her (his) wife'"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"b7-l67","source":"καί μιν ἔτισʼ, ὡς οὔ τις ἐπὶ χθονὶ τίεται ἄλλη,","translation":"and honored her as no other woman on earth is honored,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l67.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἔτισ᾽","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ἔτισ","lemma":"τίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of τίεται","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"χθονὶ","lemma":"χθών","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἐπὶ","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"τίεται","lemma":"τίω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἔτισ᾽","gloss":"is honored"},{"surface":"ἄλλη","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"b7-l68","source":"ὅσσαι νῦν γε γυναῖκες ὑπʼ ἀνδράσιν οἶκον ἔχουσιν.","translation":"of all the women who now keep house under their husbands.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l68.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅσσαι","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies γυναῖκες","gloss":"as many as"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔχουσιν","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γυναῖκες","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ἀνδράσιν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπ᾽","gloss":"husbands"},{"surface":"οἶκον","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"household"},{"surface":"ἔχουσιν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τις","gloss":"keep","note":"οἶκον ἔχειν, 'keep house', idiomatic phrase for running a household"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"b7-l69","source":"ὣς κείνη περὶ κῆρι τετίμηταί τε καὶ ἔστιν","translation":"So is she heartily honored, and has been,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l69.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"τετίμηταί","title":"Perfect of lasting honor","body":"The perfect passive 'she has been honored' marks a state still in force: the honor began in the past and continues now. The perfect names a present condition produced by past action."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τετίμηταί","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"κείνη","lemma":"κεῖνος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κῆρι","lemma":"κῆρ","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to περὶ","gloss":"heart","note":"περὶ κῆρι, 'exceedingly, at heart' — fixed Homeric adverbial phrase meaning 'deeply'"},{"surface":"τετίμηταί","lemma":"τιμάω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is honored"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔστιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is","note":"perfect τετίμηται paired with present ἔστιν: 'has been and is honored'"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"b7-l70","source":"ἔκ τε φίλων παίδων ἔκ τʼ αὐτοῦ Ἀλκινόοιο","translation":"both by her dear children and by Alkinoos himself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l70.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"φίλων","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies παίδων","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"παίδων","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἔκ","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"ἔκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀλκινόοιο","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Alkinoos"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"b7-l71","source":"καὶ λαῶν, οἵ μίν ῥα θεὸν ὣς εἰσορόωντες","translation":"and by the people, who, looking on her as a god,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l71.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δειδέχαται","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μίν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of δειδέχαται","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ῥα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"θεὸν","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"a god"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as","note":"θεὸν ὣς, 'as a god' — anastrophe, ὡς placed after its noun"},{"surface":"εἰσορόωντες","lemma":"εἰσοράω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to δειδέχαται","gloss":"looking on"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"b7-l72","source":"δειδέχαται μύθοισιν, ὅτε στείχῃσʼ ἀνὰ ἄστυ.","translation":"greet her with words whenever she walks through the city.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l72.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δειδέχαται","lemma":"δέχομαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing λαῶν","gloss":"greet","note":"perfect δειδέχαται used with present force, 'greet/welcome' — formulaic Homeric usage"},{"surface":"μύθοισιν","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to δειδέχαται","gloss":"with words"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"στείχῃσ","lemma":"στείχω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"walks"},{"surface":"ἀνὰ","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀνὰ","gloss":"the city"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"b7-l73","source":"οὐ μὲν γάρ τι νόου γε καὶ αὐτὴ δεύεται ἐσθλοῦ·","translation":"For she herself lacks nothing of good sense,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l73.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to δεύεται","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"νόου","lemma":"νόος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of δεύεται","gloss":"of sense","note":"partitive genitive with δεύεται, 'lacks (of) good sense'"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"αὐτὴ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of δεύεται","gloss":"she herself"},{"surface":"δεύεται","lemma":"δέω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lacks"},{"surface":"ἐσθλοῦ","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies νόου","gloss":"good"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"b7-l74","source":"ᾗσι τʼ ἐὺ φρονέῃσι καὶ ἀνδράσι νείκεα λύει.","translation":"and for those she favors she settles quarrels even among men.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l74.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ᾗσι","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"dative plural feminine pronoun","role":"object of φρονέῃσι","gloss":"for whom"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐὺ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"φρονέῃσι","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of λύει","gloss":"she thinks","note":"εὖ φρονέῃσι, 'thinks well (of), favors' — subjunctive in general/conditional relative clause"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ἀνδράσι","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to λύει","gloss":"among men"},{"surface":"νείκεα","lemma":"νεῖκος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of λύει","gloss":"quarrels"},{"surface":"λύει","lemma":"λύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"settles"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"b7-l75","source":"εἴ κέν τοι κείνη γε φίλα φρονέῃσʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ,","translation":"If she should be kindly disposed toward you in her heart,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l75.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"κέν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential)"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of φρονέῃσ᾽","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"κείνη","lemma":"κεῖνος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of φρονέῃσ᾽","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"φίλα","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of φρονέῃσ᾽","gloss":"kindly","note":"φίλα φρονέῃσ᾽, 'be kindly disposed' — idiom, φίλα as adverbial accusative"},{"surface":"φρονέῃσ","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"is disposed"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"b7-l76","source":"ἐλπωρή τοι ἔπειτα φίλους τʼ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι","translation":"then there is hope for you to see your dear ones and to reach","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l76.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐλπωρή","lemma":"ἐλπωρή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"φίλους","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of ἰδέειν","gloss":"dear ones"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἰδέειν","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"to see","note":"second (thematic) aorist infinitive of εἶδον, 'to see' — an epic form of the ὁράω/ὄψομαι/εἶδον suppletive system"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"to reach"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"b7-l77","source":"οἶκον ἐς ὑψόροφον καὶ σὴν ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.","translation":"your high-roofed home and your native land.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l77.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶκον","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ὑψόροφον","lemma":"ὑψόροφος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἶκον","gloss":"high-roofed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σὴν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"b7-l78","source":"ὣς ἄρα φωνήσασʼ ἀπέβη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη","translation":"So having spoken, gray-eyed Athena departed","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l78.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φωνήσασ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"φωνήσασ","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἀπέβη","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"ἀπέβη","lemma":"ἀποβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"departed"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed","note":"γλαυκῶπις, Athena's fixed Homeric epithet, 'gray/gleaming-eyed'"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἀπέβη","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"b7-l79","source":"πόντον ἐπʼ ἀτρύγετον, λίπε δὲ Σχερίην ἐρατεινήν,","translation":"over the barren sea, and left lovely Scheria,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l79.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἀτρύγετον","title":"'Barren' sea","body":"A recurring epithet of the sea, traditionally rendered 'barren' or 'unharvested'—a wide waste that yields no crop. It colors the sea as bleak and untamed."}],"words":[{"surface":"πόντον","lemma":"πόντος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"the sea"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ἀτρύγετον","lemma":"ἀτρύγετος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πόντον","gloss":"barren","note":"ἀτρύγετος, formulaic epithet for the sea, 'unharvested/barren'"},{"surface":"λίπε","lemma":"λείπω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Σχερίην","lemma":"Σχερία","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of λίπε","gloss":"Scheria"},{"surface":"ἐρατεινήν","lemma":"ἐρατεινός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Σχερίην","gloss":"lovely"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"b7-l80","source":"ἵκετο δʼ ἐς Μαραθῶνα καὶ εὐρυάγυιαν Ἀθήνην,","translation":"and came to Marathon and broad-streeted Athens,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l80.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἵκετο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Μαραθῶνα","lemma":"Μαραθών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Marathon"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εὐρυάγυιαν","lemma":"εὐρυάγυια","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνην","gloss":"broad-streeted"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνην","lemma":"Ἀθῆναι","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Athens"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"b7-l81","source":"δῦνε δʼ Ἐρεχθῆος πυκινὸν δόμον. αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς","translation":"and entered the strong-built house of Erechtheus. But Odysseus","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l81.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δῦνε","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"entered","note":"δύω 'enter/sink into', vivid verb for going indoors, of a god slipping into a house"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἐρεχθῆος","lemma":"Ἐρεχθεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δόμον","gloss":"of Erechtheus"},{"surface":"πυκινὸν","lemma":"πυκινός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμον","gloss":"strong-built"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δῦνε","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἴε","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"b7-l82","source":"Ἀλκινόου πρὸς δώματʼ ἴε κλυτά· πολλὰ δέ οἱ κῆρ","translation":"went toward the famous halls of Alkinoos; and his heart","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l82.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκινόου","lemma":"ʼἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώματ᾽","gloss":"of Alkinoos"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"δώματ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"ἴε","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went","note":"imperfect ἴε (εἶμι), 'was going', vivid present-stem epic verb of motion"},{"surface":"κλυτά","lemma":"κλυτός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώματ᾽","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ὥρμαιν᾽","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies κῆρ","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"κῆρ","lemma":"κῆρ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ὥρμαιν᾽","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"b7-l83","source":"ὥρμαινʼ ἱσταμένῳ, πρὶν χάλκεον οὐδὸν ἱκέσθαι.","translation":"stirred with many thoughts as he stood, before he reached the bronze threshold.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l83.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὥρμαιν","lemma":"ὁρμαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pondered","note":"ὁρμαίνω, 'turn over in mind, ponder' — typical verb before a hero enters a strange hall"},{"surface":"ἱσταμένῳ","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"χάλκεον","lemma":"χάλκεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οὐδὸν","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"οὐδὸν","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to πρὶν","gloss":"reaching"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"b7-l84","source":"ὥς τε γὰρ ἠελίου αἴγλη πέλεν ἠὲ σελήνης","translation":"For there was a radiance as of the sun or the moon","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l84.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὥς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠὲ","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἠελίου","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἠὲ","gloss":"of the sun"},{"surface":"αἴγλη","lemma":"αἴγλη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of πέλεν","gloss":"radiance","note":"αἴγλη, 'brightness/gleam' — sets up epic simile comparing Alkinoos's palace to sun or moon"},{"surface":"πέλεν","lemma":"πέλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"σελήνης","lemma":"σελήνη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἠὲ","gloss":"of the moon"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"b7-l85","source":"δῶμα καθʼ ὑψερεφὲς μεγαλήτορος Ἀλκινόοιο.","translation":"throughout the high-roofed house of great-hearted Alkinoos.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l85.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to καθ᾽","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"καθ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"ὑψερεφὲς","lemma":"ὑψερεφής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"high-roofed"},{"surface":"μεγαλήτορος","lemma":"μεγαλήτωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀλκινόοιο","gloss":"great-hearted"},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"Alkinoos"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"b7-l86","source":"χάλκεοι μὲν γὰρ τοῖχοι ἐληλέδατʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα,","translation":"For walls of bronze ran this way and that,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l86.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χάλκεοι","lemma":"χάλκεος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies τοῖχοι","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τοῖχοι","lemma":"τοῖχος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐληλέδατ᾽","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"ἐληλέδατ","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"had been driven/ran","note":"pluperfect passive of ἐλαύνω 'drive' used of walls 'running'—vivid epic extension of a verb for driving chariots/herds."},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"that way"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"b7-l87","source":"ἐς μυχὸν ἐξ οὐδοῦ, περὶ δὲ θριγκὸς κυάνοιο·","translation":"from the threshold to the innermost room, and around them a cornice of blue enamel;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l87.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to","note":"εἰς...ἐξ frame a from/to path (threshold → inner room), a common Homeric spatial formula."},{"surface":"μυχὸν","lemma":"μυχός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"innermost room"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"οὐδοῦ","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θριγκὸς","lemma":"θριγκός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"cornice"},{"surface":"κυάνοιο","lemma":"κύανος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies θριγκὸς","gloss":"of blue enamel","note":"κύανος = dark blue glass/enamel inlay, a real Bronze Age palace detail (cf. Mycenae/Tiryns friezes)."}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"b7-l88","source":"χρύσειαι δὲ θύραι πυκινὸν δόμον ἐντὸς ἔεργον·","translation":"golden doors enclosed the well-built house within;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l88.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χρύσειαι","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies θύραι","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θύραι","lemma":"θύρα","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of ἔεργον","gloss":"doors"},{"surface":"πυκινὸν","lemma":"πυκινός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμον","gloss":"well-built"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔεργον","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἐντὸς","lemma":"ἐντός","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔεργον","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"ἔεργον","lemma":"ἔργω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"enclosed","note":"ἔργω 'shut in, enclose'—different verb from the common ἔρχομαι-family; here imperfect, describing a standing state."}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"b7-l89","source":"σταθμοὶ δʼ ἀργύρεοι ἐν χαλκέῳ ἕστασαν οὐδῷ,","translation":"silver doorposts stood on the bronze threshold,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l89.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σταθμοὶ","lemma":"σταθμός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἕστασαν","gloss":"doorposts"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀργύρεοι","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies σταθμοὶ","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"χαλκέῳ","lemma":"χάλκεος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οὐδῷ","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"ἕστασαν","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood","note":"ἵστημι pluperfect ἕστασαν = 'stood (and still stood)'—true stative pluperfect, common in these static palace descriptions."},{"surface":"οὐδῷ","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"threshold"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"b7-l90","source":"ἀργύρεον δʼ ἐφʼ ὑπερθύριον, χρυσέη δὲ κορώνη.","translation":"and the lintel above was silver, and the door-handle gold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l90.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀργύρεον","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὑπερθύριον","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐφ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"ὑπερθύριον","lemma":"ὑπερθύριον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"lintel"},{"surface":"χρυσέη","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κορώνη","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κορώνη","lemma":"κορώνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"door-handle","note":"κορώνη literally 'curved thing'—here the curved door-handle/ring, showing semantic narrowing from 'anything curved' to a specific object."}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"b7-l91","source":"χρύσειοι δʼ ἑκάτερθε καὶ ἀργύρεοι κύνες ἦσαν,","translation":"On either side there were dogs of gold and silver,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l91.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χρύσειοι","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑκάτερθε","lemma":"ἑκάτερθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦσαν","gloss":"on either side"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀργύρεοι","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"κύνες","lemma":"κύων","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἦσαν","gloss":"dogs"},{"surface":"ἦσαν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"b7-l92","source":"οὓς Ἥφαιστος ἔτευξεν ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι","translation":"which Hephaistos had fashioned with his cunning skill","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l92.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὓς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔτευξεν","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Ἥφαιστος","lemma":"Ἥφαιστος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔτευξεν","gloss":"Hephaistos","note":"the smith-god named directly as craftsman—signals divine artistry, elevating Alkinoos's palace to superhuman splendor."},{"surface":"ἔτευξεν","lemma":"τεύχω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing κύνες","gloss":"fashioned"},{"surface":"ἰδυίῃσι","lemma":"ἰδυῖα","morphology":"perfect active participle, dative plural feminine","role":"modifies πραπίδεσσι","gloss":"knowing/skilled","note":"ἰδυῖα is the perfect participle of οἶδα 'know'—'knowing' in the sense of 'skilled, cunning', modifying 'wits' not a person."},{"surface":"πραπίδεσσι","lemma":"πραπίδες","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἔτευξεν","gloss":"wits/skill"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"b7-l93","source":"δῶμα φυλασσέμεναι μεγαλήτορος Ἀλκινόοιο,","translation":"to guard the house of great-hearted Alkinoos,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l93.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"φυλασσέμεναι","title":"Homeric infinitive of purpose","body":"The form φυλασσέμεναι ('to guard') is an old epic infinitive expressing purpose: the dogs were made in order to guard. The lengthened ending is typical of Homeric verse."}],"words":[{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of φυλασσέμεναι","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"φυλασσέμεναι","lemma":"φυλάσσω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἔτευξεν","gloss":"to guard"},{"surface":"μεγαλήτορος","lemma":"μεγαλήτωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀλκινόοιο","gloss":"great-hearted","note":"μεγαλήτωρ, a stock Homeric epithet ('great-hearted') regularly paired with kings and heroes."},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"Alkinoos"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"b7-l94","source":"ἀθανάτους ὄντας καὶ ἀγήρως ἤματα πάντα.","translation":"deathless and ageless for all their days.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l94.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀθανάτους","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"deathless"},{"surface":"ὄντας","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifies κύνες","gloss":"being","note":"predicate participle of εἰμί, agreeing with the golden/silver dogs—Hephaistos's dogs are literally immortal and ageless statues."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀγήρως","lemma":"ἀγήραος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"ageless"},{"surface":"ἤματα","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ὄντας","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἤματα","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"b7-l95","source":"ἐν δὲ θρόνοι περὶ τοῖχον ἐρηρέδατʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα,","translation":"Inside, thrones were set against the wall this way and that,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l95.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θρόνοι","lemma":"θρόνος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐρηρέδατ᾽","gloss":"thrones"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"τοῖχον","lemma":"τοῖχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of περὶ","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"ἐρηρέδατ","lemma":"ἐρείδω","morphology":"pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were set/fixed","note":"pluperfect passive of ἐρείδω 'prop, fix firmly'—echoes ἐληλέδατ᾽ in line 86, a formulaic repetition pattern."},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"that way"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"b7-l96","source":"ἐς μυχὸν ἐξ οὐδοῖο διαμπερές, ἔνθʼ ἐνὶ πέπλοι","translation":"from the threshold to the innermost room, all along; and on them robes","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l96.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"μυχὸν","lemma":"μυχός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"innermost room"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"οὐδοῖο","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"διαμπερές","lemma":"διαμπερές","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐρηρέδατ᾽","gloss":"continuously","note":"διαμπερές 'right through, without a break'—an adverb emphasizing the unbroken row of thrones from door to back wall."},{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βεβλήατο","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"on them"},{"surface":"πέπλοι","lemma":"πέπλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"robes"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"b7-l97","source":"λεπτοὶ ἐύννητοι βεβλήατο, ἔργα γυναικῶν.","translation":"fine and well-spun were thrown, the work of women.","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l97.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λεπτοὶ","lemma":"λεπτός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ἐύννητοι","lemma":"ἐύννητος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies","gloss":"well-spun"},{"surface":"βεβλήατο","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing θρόνοι","gloss":"were thrown/draped","note":"pluperfect medio-passive βεβλήατο from βάλλω 'throw'—robes 'had been thrown' over the thrones, i.e. draped."},{"surface":"ἔργα","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"γυναικῶν","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies ἔργα","gloss":"of women"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"b7-l98","source":"ἔνθα δὲ Φαιήκων ἡγήτορες ἑδριόωντο","translation":"There the leaders of the Phaeacians used to sit","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l98.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἑδριόωντο","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἡγήτορες","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἡγήτορες","lemma":"ἡγήτωρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἑδριόωντο","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"ἑδριόωντο","lemma":"ἑδριάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"used to sit","note":"habitual imperfect ('used to sit'), a sense driven by context—not a true -σκ- iterative like ἔχεσκον two lines below."}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"b7-l99","source":"πίνοντες καὶ ἔδοντες· ἐπηετανὸν γὰρ ἔχεσκον.","translation":"drinking and eating; for they had plenty always on hand.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l99.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πίνοντες","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"drinking"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔδοντες","lemma":"ἔδω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"eating"},{"surface":"ἐπηετανὸν","lemma":"ἐπηετανός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔχεσκον","gloss":"abundance"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἔχεσκον","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"used to have","note":"ἔχεσκον carries the -σκ- iterative suffix, marking recurring/customary action ('they always had')."}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"b7-l100","source":"χρύσειοι δʼ ἄρα κοῦροι ἐυδμήτων ἐπὶ βωμῶν","translation":"And golden youths upon well-built pedestals","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l100.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χρύσειοι","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies κοῦροι","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"κοῦροι","lemma":"κοῦρος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἕστασαν","gloss":"youths"},{"surface":"ἐυδμήτων","lemma":"εὔδμητος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βωμῶν","gloss":"well-built"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"βωμῶν","lemma":"βωμός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"pedestals","note":"βωμός here is a pedestal/base, not an altar—context (statues holding torches) shows the broader sense of the word."}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"b7-l101","source":"ἕστασαν αἰθομένας δαΐδας μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχοντες,","translation":"stood holding blazing torches in their hands,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l101.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἕστασαν","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"αἰθομένας","lemma":"αἴθω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifies δαΐδας","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"δαΐδας","lemma":"δαίς","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἔχοντες","gloss":"torches"},{"surface":"μετὰ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χερσὶν","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of μετὰ","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"ἔχοντες","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"holding"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"b7-l102","source":"φαίνοντες νύκτας κατὰ δώματα δαιτυμόνεσσι.","translation":"lighting the nights throughout the halls for the banqueters.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l102.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"φαίνοντες","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"lighting"},{"surface":"νύκτας","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of φαίνοντες","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"δώματα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"δαιτυμόνεσσι","lemma":"δαιτυμών","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of φαίνοντες","gloss":"for the banqueters"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"b7-l103","source":"πεντήκοντα δέ οἱ δμωαὶ κατὰ δῶμα γυναῖκες","translation":"He has fifty serving-women throughout the house,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l103.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πεντήκοντα","lemma":"πεντήκοντα","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies γυναῖκες","gloss":"fifty"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"to him","note":"dative of possession οἱ ('to him')—idiomatic Greek for 'he has'; no verb 'have' is used at all."},{"surface":"δμωαὶ","lemma":"δμωή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"modifies γυναῖκες","gloss":"serving-women"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"γυναῖκες","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"women"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"b7-l104","source":"αἱ μὲν ἀλετρεύουσι μύλῃς ἔπι μήλοπα καρπόν,","translation":"some of whom grind the yellow grain at the mill,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l104.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀλετρεύουσι","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"ἀλετρεύουσι","lemma":"ἀλετρεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δ᾽","gloss":"grind"},{"surface":"μύλῃς","lemma":"μύλη","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἔπι","gloss":"mill"},{"surface":"ἔπι","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"μήλοπα","lemma":"μήλωψ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies καρπόν","gloss":"yellow"},{"surface":"καρπόν","lemma":"καρπός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀλετρεύουσι","gloss":"grain"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"b7-l105","source":"αἱ δʼ ἱστοὺς ὑφόωσι καὶ ἠλάκατα στρωφῶσιν","translation":"while others weave at the looms and twirl the spindles,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l105.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and","note":"αἱ...δ᾽ answers αἱ μὲν in the prior line—classic μέν...δέ 'some...others' correlation dividing the household tasks."},{"surface":"ἱστοὺς","lemma":"ἱστός","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ὑφόωσι","gloss":"looms"},{"surface":"ὑφόωσι","lemma":"ὑφαίνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"weave"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠλάκατα","lemma":"ἠλάκατα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of στρωφῶσιν","gloss":"spindles"},{"surface":"στρωφῶσιν","lemma":"στρωφάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"twirl"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"b7-l106","source":"ἥμεναι, οἷά τε φύλλα μακεδνῆς αἰγείροιο·","translation":"sitting, like the leaves of a tall poplar tree;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l106.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥμεναι","lemma":"ἧμαι","morphology":"perfect middle participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to στρωφῶσιν","gloss":"sitting"},{"surface":"οἷά","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φύλλα","lemma":"φύλλον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"leaves","note":"a Homeric simile comparing the women's quick hand-movements to fluttering poplar leaves—vivid natural imagery amid a catalogue scene."},{"surface":"μακεδνῆς","lemma":"μακεδνός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies αἰγείροιο","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"αἰγείροιο","lemma":"αἴγειρος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies φύλλα","gloss":"poplar"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"b7-l107","source":"καιρουσσέων δʼ ὀθονέων ἀπολείβεται ὑγρὸν ἔλαιον.","translation":"and from the close-woven linen the moist oil drips off.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l107.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καιρουσσέων","lemma":"καίριος","morphology":"genitive plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ὀθονέων","gloss":"close-woven"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀθονέων","lemma":"ὀθόνη","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἀπολείβεται","gloss":"linen"},{"surface":"ἀπολείβεται","lemma":"ἀπολείβω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drips off","note":"the fine linen is so tightly woven that oil (used to finish/soften it) beads and runs off—an image of luxurious craftsmanship."},{"surface":"ὑγρὸν","lemma":"ὑγρός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔλαιον","gloss":"moist"},{"surface":"ἔλαιον","lemma":"ἔλαιον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἀπολείβεται","gloss":"oil"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"b7-l108","source":"ὅσσον Φαίηκες περὶ πάντων ἴδριες ἀνδρῶν","translation":"As far as the Phaeacians beyond all men are skilled","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l108.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅσσον","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as much as/so much"},{"surface":"Φαίηκες","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Phaeacians"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"πάντων","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἴδριες","lemma":"ἴδρις","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"skilled","note":"ἴδρις 'knowing, skilled'—same root idea as ἰδυίῃσι above (οἶδα 'know'), reinforcing the theme of craft-knowledge running through this passage."},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"b7-l109","source":"νῆα θοὴν ἐνὶ πόντῳ ἐλαυνέμεν, ὣς δὲ γυναῖκες","translation":"at driving a swift ship over the sea, so too the women","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l109.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐλαυνέμεν","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"θοὴν","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"πόντῳ","lemma":"πόντος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐνὶ","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"ἐλαυνέμεν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"modifies ἴδριες","gloss":"to drive/sail","note":"same verb ἐλαύνω as the 'driven' walls in line 86—Homer reuses this all-purpose verb of propulsion across very different subjects."},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"γυναῖκες","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"women"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"b7-l110","source":"ἱστῶν τεχνῆσσαι· πέρι γάρ σφισι δῶκεν Ἀθήνη","translation":"are skilled at the loom; for above all Athena gave to them","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l110.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἱστῶν","lemma":"ἱστός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τεχνῆσσαι","gloss":"at the loom"},{"surface":"τεχνῆσσαι","lemma":"τεχνήεις","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"skilled"},{"surface":"πέρι","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"above all"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"σφισι","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural feminine pronoun","role":"object of δῶκεν","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δῶκεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of δῶκεν","gloss":"Athena","note":"Athena, patron goddess of weaving and craft, is credited directly with the Phaeacian women's skill—divine gift-giving as an explanatory device."}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"b7-l111","source":"ἔργα τʼ ἐπίστασθαι περικαλλέα καὶ φρένας ἐσθλάς.","translation":"to know lovely handiwork, and gave them excellent minds.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l111.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔργα","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπίστασθαι","gloss":"works/handiwork"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[epic te]"},{"surface":"ἐπίστασθαι","lemma":"ἐπίσταμαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to know/understand"},{"surface":"περικαλλέα","lemma":"περικαλλής","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔργα","gloss":"very lovely"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φρένας","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"minds/wits"},{"surface":"ἐσθλάς","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies φρένας","gloss":"excellent"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"b7-l112","source":"ἔκτοσθεν δʼ αὐλῆς μέγας ὄρχατος ἄγχι θυράων","translation":"Outside the courtyard, near the gates, is a great orchard,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l112.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔκτοσθεν","lemma":"ἔκτοσθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐλῆς","lemma":"αὐλή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"courtyard"},{"surface":"μέγας","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὄρχατος","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ὄρχατος","lemma":"ὄρχατος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"orchard","note":"marks the transition to Alkinoos's famous magical garden, the next set-piece after the palace's metalwork description."},{"surface":"ἄγχι","lemma":"ἄγχι","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"θυράων","lemma":"θύρα","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gates"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"b7-l113","source":"τετράγυος· περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἐλήλαται ἀμφοτέρωθεν.","translation":"of four acres, and a hedge runs round it on both sides.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l113.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τετράγυος","lemma":"τετράγυος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὄρχατος","gloss":"four acres","note":"τετράγυος 'of four γύαι (plow-lands)'—a concrete measurement grounding the orchard's marvel in real agricultural scale."},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἕρκος","lemma":"ἕρκος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἐλήλαται","gloss":"hedge/fence"},{"surface":"ἐλήλαται","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"runs/is driven","note":"again ἐλαύνω, perfect medio-passive 'has been driven (around)'—a fence 'run' around the orchard, third reuse of this verb in the passage."},{"surface":"ἀμφοτέρωθεν","lemma":"ἀμφοτέρωθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐλήλαται","gloss":"on both sides"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"b7-l114","source":"ἔνθα δὲ δένδρεα μακρὰ πεφύκασι τηλεθόωντα,","translation":"There tall trees grow, flourishing in their bloom,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l114.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πεφύκασι","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δένδρεα","lemma":"δένδρεον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"trees","note":"δένδρεα is the older, uncontracted epic -εα neuter plural (from the byform δένδρεον), where later Greek uses δένδρα."},{"surface":"μακρὰ","lemma":"μακρός","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δένδρεα","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"πεφύκασι","lemma":"φύω","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"grow","note":"Perfect πεφύκασι expresses a present state: 'stand grown/flourishing,' not a past action."},{"surface":"τηλεθόωντα","lemma":"τηλεθάω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifies δένδρεα","gloss":"flourishing"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"b7-l115","source":"ὄγχναι καὶ ῥοιαὶ καὶ μηλέαι ἀγλαόκαρποι","translation":"pears and pomegranates and apple trees with glistening fruit,","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l115.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄγχναι","lemma":"ὄγχνη","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"pear trees"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ῥοιαὶ","lemma":"ῥοιά","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"pomegranate trees"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μηλέαι","lemma":"μηλέα","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"apple trees"},{"surface":"ἀγλαόκαρποι","lemma":"ἀγλαόκαρπος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies μηλέαι","gloss":"bright-fruited","note":"ἀγλαόκαρπος, 'splendid-fruited,' a compound epithet typical of Homeric garden description."}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"b7-l116","source":"συκέαι τε γλυκεραὶ καὶ ἐλαῖαι τηλεθόωσαι.","translation":"sweet fig trees and olives in full luxuriance.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l116.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"συκέαι","lemma":"συκῆ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"fig trees"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γλυκεραὶ","lemma":"γλυκύς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies συκέαι","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐλαῖαι","lemma":"ἐλαία","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"olive trees"},{"surface":"τηλεθόωσαι","lemma":"τηλεθάω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifies ἐλαῖαι","gloss":"luxuriant","note":"τηλεθόωσαι, uncontracted epic form of τηλεθάω (feminine), matching l114's neuter τηλεθόωντα."}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"b7-l117","source":"τάων οὔ ποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται οὐδʼ ἀπολείπει","translation":"Of these the fruit never spoils nor fails,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l117.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τάων","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural feminine pronoun","role":"modifies καρπὸς","gloss":"of these","note":"τάων is the epic feminine genitive plural of the article/pronoun ὁ, used demonstratively 'of these (trees).'"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"ποτε","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἀπόλλυται","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"καρπὸς","lemma":"καρπός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"fruit"},{"surface":"ἀπόλλυται","lemma":"ἀπόλλυμι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"perishes"},{"surface":"ἀπολείπει","lemma":"ἀπολείπω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"fails"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"b7-l118","source":"χείματος οὐδὲ θέρευς, ἐπετήσιος· ἀλλὰ μάλʼ αἰεὶ","translation":"winter or summer, all year long; but always","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l118.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χείματος","lemma":"χεῖμα","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to οὐ","gloss":"in winter"},{"surface":"οὐδὲ","lemma":"οὐδέ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"θέρευς","lemma":"θέρος","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to οὐ","gloss":"in summer"},{"surface":"ἐπετήσιος","lemma":"ἐπετήσιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"year-round"},{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"b7-l119","source":"Ζεφυρίη πνείουσα τὰ μὲν φύει, ἄλλα δὲ πέσσει.","translation":"the breathing West Wind brings some to birth and ripens others.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l119.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ζεφυρίη","lemma":"Ζεφυρίη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"West Wind","note":"Ζεφυρίη, the personified West Wind, subject of both φύει and πέσσει — nature as active agent."},{"surface":"πνείουσα","lemma":"πνέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"blowing"},{"surface":"τὰ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of φύει","gloss":"some (fruits)"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"φύει","lemma":"φύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings forth"},{"surface":"ἄλλα","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of πέσσει","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πέσσει","lemma":"πέσσω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"ripens"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"b7-l120","source":"ὄγχνη ἐπʼ ὄγχνῃ γηράσκει, μῆλον δʼ ἐπὶ μήλῳ,","translation":"Pear ripens upon pear, and apple upon apple,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l120.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄγχνη","lemma":"ὄγχνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of γηράσκει","gloss":"pear"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"ὄγχνῃ","lemma":"ὄγχνη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπ᾽","gloss":"pear","note":"ὄγχνη ἐπ᾽ ὄγχνῃ, 'pear upon pear': polyptoton (the noun repeated in different cases) marking continuous ripening, not to be confused with 'ring composition,' a larger-scale Homeric narrative-structuring device."},{"surface":"γηράσκει","lemma":"γηράσκω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"ripens"},{"surface":"μῆλον","lemma":"μῆλον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"apple"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"μήλῳ","lemma":"μῆλον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"apple"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"b7-l121","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπὶ σταφυλῇ σταφυλή, σῦκον δʼ ἐπὶ σύκῳ.","translation":"and so too grape cluster upon cluster, and fig upon fig.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l121.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and so"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"σταφυλῇ","lemma":"σταφυλή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"grape cluster"},{"surface":"σταφυλή","lemma":"σταφυλή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"grape cluster","note":"σταφυλή repeated with ἐπί + dative continues the 'X upon X' formula from l120."},{"surface":"σῦκον","lemma":"σῦκον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"fig"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"σύκῳ","lemma":"σῦκον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fig"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"b7-l122","source":"ἔνθα δέ οἱ πολύκαρπος ἀλωὴ ἐρρίζωται,","translation":"There too his fruitful vineyard is rooted,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l122.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐρρίζωται","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἐρρίζωται","gloss":"his","note":"οἱ is the enclitic dative of ἕ/ἑός, 'to/for him,' i.e. Alcinous — possessive dative of interest."},{"surface":"πολύκαρπος","lemma":"πολύκαρπος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀλωὴ","gloss":"fruitful"},{"surface":"ἀλωὴ","lemma":"ἀλωή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἐρρίζωται","gloss":"vineyard"},{"surface":"ἐρρίζωται","lemma":"ῥιζόω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is rooted","note":"Perfect ἐρρίζωται: the vine 'has been rooted' and stands firmly established, not merely 'was planted.'"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"b7-l123","source":"τῆς ἕτερον μὲν θειλόπεδον λευρῷ ἐνὶ χώρῳ","translation":"one part of which, a warm drying-floor on level ground,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l123.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῆς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies θειλόπεδον","gloss":"of which"},{"surface":"ἕτερον","lemma":"ἕτερος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies θειλόπεδον","gloss":"one part"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"θειλόπεδον","lemma":"θειλόπεδον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of τέρσεται","gloss":"drying floor","note":"θειλόπεδον, a sun-warmed patch for drying grapes into raisins — concrete vineyard vocabulary."},{"surface":"λευρῷ","lemma":"λευρός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χώρῳ","gloss":"level"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χώρῳ","lemma":"χῶρος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"ground"}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"b7-l124","source":"τέρσεται ἠελίῳ, ἑτέρας δʼ ἄρα τε τρυγόωσιν,","translation":"is dried by the sun, while elsewhere they gather the grapes,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l124.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τέρσεται","lemma":"τέρσομαι","morphology":"present passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"is dried"},{"surface":"ἠελίῳ","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τέρσεται","gloss":"by the sun"},{"surface":"ἑτέρας","lemma":"ἕτερος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"object of τρυγόωσιν","gloss":"other (grapes)"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τρυγόωσιν","lemma":"τρυγάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"they harvest","note":"τρυγόωσιν, uncontracted epic present of τρυγάω, 'gather/pick ripe grapes' — a technical vintage verb."}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"b7-l125","source":"ἄλλας δὲ τραπέουσι· πάροιθε δέ τʼ ὄμφακές εἰσιν","translation":"and elsewhere tread them; in front are the unripe grapes","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l125.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλλας","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"object of τραπέουσι","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τραπέουσι","lemma":"τραπέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"they tread","note":"τραπέουσι, epic present of τραπέω 'tread (grapes)' — treading the harvest into wine."},{"surface":"πάροιθε","lemma":"πάροιθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰσιν","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ὄμφακές","lemma":"ὄμφαξ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of εἰσιν","gloss":"unripe grapes","note":"ὄμφαξ names grapes still green/sour — the garden shows every stage of ripening at once."},{"surface":"εἰσιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"b7-l126","source":"ἄνθος ἀφιεῖσαι, ἕτεραι δʼ ὑποπερκάζουσιν.","translation":"shedding their blossom, while others are just turning dark.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l126.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄνθος","lemma":"ἄνθος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀφιεῖσαι","gloss":"blossom"},{"surface":"ἀφιεῖσαι","lemma":"ἀφίημι","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifies ὄμφακές","gloss":"shedding"},{"surface":"ἕτεραι","lemma":"ἕτερος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"subject of ὑποπερκάζουσιν","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑποπερκάζουσιν","lemma":"ὑποπερκάζω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"begin to darken","note":"ὑποπερκάζουσιν, 'turn dark under (the skin),' i.e. grapes just starting to ripen/color."}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"b7-l127","source":"ἔνθα δὲ κοσμηταὶ πρασιαὶ παρὰ νείατον ὄρχον","translation":"There along the last row are tidy garden plots","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l127.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πεφύασιν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κοσμηταὶ","lemma":"κοσμητός","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies πρασιαὶ","gloss":"well-ordered"},{"surface":"πρασιαὶ","lemma":"πρασιά","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of πεφύασιν","gloss":"garden beds"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"νείατον","lemma":"νέατος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὄρχον","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"ὄρχον","lemma":"ὄρχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"row (of vines)","note":"ὄρχος, a planted row — the vegetable beds border the vineyard's final row of vines."}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"b7-l128","source":"παντοῖαι πεφύασιν, ἐπηετανὸν γανόωσαι·","translation":"of every kind, blooming bright the whole year through;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l128.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παντοῖαι","lemma":"παντοῖος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"of every kind"},{"surface":"πεφύασιν","lemma":"φύω","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"have grown","note":"πεφύασιν, perfect of φύω again ('stand grown'), echoing l114's πεφύκασι — same stative perfect pattern."},{"surface":"ἐπηετανὸν","lemma":"ἐπηετανός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to γανόωσαι","gloss":"year-round"},{"surface":"γανόωσαι","lemma":"γανάω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to πεφύασιν","gloss":"gleaming"}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"b7-l129","source":"ἐν δὲ δύω κρῆναι ἡ μέν τʼ ἀνὰ κῆπον ἅπαντα","translation":"and in it are two springs: one spreads through all the garden,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l129.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"in it"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δύω","lemma":"δύο","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies κρῆναι","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"κρῆναι","lemma":"κρήνη","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"springs"},{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of σκίδναται","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἀνὰ","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"κῆπον","lemma":"κῆπος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀνὰ","gloss":"garden"},{"surface":"ἅπαντα","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κῆπον","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"b7-l130","source":"σκίδναται, ἡ δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ὑπʼ αὐλῆς οὐδὸν ἵησι","translation":"while the other, on the far side, runs beneath the courtyard threshold","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l130.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σκίδναται","lemma":"σκίδνημι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spreads","note":"σκίδναται, 'scatters/spreads itself' — the spring's water fans out irrigating the whole garden."},{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἵησι","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑτέρωθεν","lemma":"ἑτέρωθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵησι","gloss":"on the other side"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"αὐλῆς","lemma":"αὐλή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies οὐδὸν","gloss":"courtyard's"},{"surface":"οὐδὸν","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπ᾽","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"ἵησι","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sends"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"b7-l131","source":"πρὸς δόμον ὑψηλόν, ὅθεν ὑδρεύοντο πολῖται.","translation":"toward the lofty house, where the townspeople drew their water.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l131.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ὑψηλόν","lemma":"ὑψηλός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμον","gloss":"lofty"},{"surface":"ὅθεν","lemma":"ὅθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὑδρεύοντο","gloss":"whence"},{"surface":"ὑδρεύοντο","lemma":"ὑδρεύω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἡ","gloss":"drew water","note":"ὑδρεύοντο, imperfect middle — the townspeople habitually fetched water here, a durative past custom."},{"surface":"πολῖται","lemma":"πολίτης","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ὑδρεύοντο","gloss":"townspeople"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"b7-l132","source":"τοῖʼ ἄρʼ ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο θεῶν ἔσαν ἀγλαὰ δῶρα.","translation":"Such were the gods' splendid gifts in the house of Alcinous.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l132.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖ","lemma":"τοῖος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"such","note":"τοῖ (τοῖος), 'of such a kind,' predicate adjective summing up the whole garden description."},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies","gloss":"Alcinous's"},{"surface":"θεῶν","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies δῶρα","gloss":"of the gods"},{"surface":"ἔσαν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"ἀγλαὰ","lemma":"ἀγλαός","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶρα","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"δῶρα","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of ἔσαν","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"b7-l133","source":"ἔνθα στὰς θηεῖτο πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.","translation":"There much-enduring noble Odysseus stood and marveled.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l133.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"θηεῖτο","title":"Imperfect of gazing","body":"The imperfect tense pictures Odysseus standing and gazing in wonder over a stretch of time, not in a single instant. Homer often uses the imperfect to dwell on a continuing action."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to στὰς","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"στὰς","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to θηεῖτο","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"θηεῖτο","lemma":"θεάομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gazed in wonder","note":"θηεῖτο, imperfect middle of θεάομαι, 'kept gazing/marveling' — durative wonder, not a single glance."},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πόλυτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς is a recurring Homeric formula-epithet pair for Odysseus."},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of θηεῖτο","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":134,"label":"134","id":"b7-l134","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ πάντα ἑῷ θηήσατο θυμῷ,","translation":"But when he had marveled at it all in his heart,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l134.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of θηήσατο","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"ἑῷ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θυμῷ","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"θηήσατο","lemma":"θεάομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"had marveled at","note":"θηήσατο, aorist middle of θεάομαι — the single completed act of taking it all in, contrasting the imperfect θηεῖτο in l133."},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to θηήσατο","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":135,"label":"135","id":"b7-l135","source":"καρπαλίμως ὑπὲρ οὐδὸν ἐβήσετο δώματος εἴσω.","translation":"quickly he stepped over the threshold into the house.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l135.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καρπαλίμως","lemma":"καρπάλιμος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐβήσετο","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"ὑπὲρ","lemma":"ὑπέρ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"οὐδὸν","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπὲρ","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"ἐβήσετο","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stepped"},{"surface":"δώματος","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of εἴσω","gloss":"of the house"},{"surface":"εἴσω","lemma":"εἴσω","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"into"}]},{"number":136,"label":"136","id":"b7-l136","source":"εὗρε δὲ Φαιήκων ἡγήτορας ἠδὲ μέδοντας","translation":"He found the leaders and counselors of the Phaeacians","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l136.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὗρε","lemma":"εὑρίσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἠδὲ","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἡγήτορας","lemma":"ἡγήτωρ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέδοντας","lemma":"μέδων","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"counselors"}]},{"number":137,"label":"137","id":"b7-l137","source":"σπένδοντας δεπάεσσιν ἐυσκόπῳ ἀργεϊφόντῃ,","translation":"pouring libations from their cups to the keen-eyed Slayer of Argus,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l137.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπένδοντας","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"pouring libations"},{"surface":"δεπάεσσιν","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to σπένδοντας","gloss":"with cups"},{"surface":"ἐυσκόπῳ","lemma":"εὔσκοπος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀργεϊφόντῃ","gloss":"keen-sighted","note":"εὔσκοπος, 'sharp-eyed,' an epithet for Hermes as watchful messenger-god."},{"surface":"ἀργεϊφόντῃ","lemma":"Ἀργειφόντης","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of σπένδοντας","gloss":"Slayer of Argus","note":"Ἀργειφόντης, standard epic epithet-name for Hermes, honored last at the feast's libation."}]},{"number":138,"label":"138","id":"b7-l138","source":"ᾧ πυμάτῳ σπένδεσκον, ὅτε μνησαίατο κοίτου.","translation":"to whom they poured last of all, whenever they were minded for bed.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l138.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ᾧ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of σπένδεσκον","gloss":"to whom"},{"surface":"πυμάτῳ","lemma":"πύματος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"σπένδεσκον","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀργεϊφόντῃ","gloss":"used to pour","note":"σπένδεσκον, iterative imperfect (-εσκ- suffix) marking a repeated custom: 'they would pour, time after time.'"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"μνησαίατο","lemma":"μιμνήσκω","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"were minded","note":"μνησαίατο, aorist middle optative (3pl epic ending -αίατο) in a general temporal clause, 'whenever they thought of.'"},{"surface":"κοίτου","lemma":"κοῖτος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of μνησαίατο","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":139,"label":"139","id":"b7-l139","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ βῆ διὰ δῶμα πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς","translation":"Then much-enduring noble Odysseus went through the hall,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l139.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"βῆ","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"διὰ","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of διὰ","gloss":"hall"},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεὺς","gloss":"much-enduring"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεὺς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":140,"label":"140","id":"b7-l140","source":"πολλὴν ἠέρʼ ἔχων, ἥν οἱ περίχευεν Ἀθήνη,","translation":"wrapped in the thick mist Athena had poured around him,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l140.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πολλὴν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἠέρ᾽","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"ἠέρ","lemma":"ἀήρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔων","gloss":"mist","note":"ἠήρ here is the concealing mist Athena casts over Odysseus, an epic device for invisibility."},{"surface":"ἥν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of περίχευεν","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of περίχευεν","gloss":"around him"},{"surface":"περίχευεν","lemma":"περιχέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠέρ᾽","gloss":"had poured","note":"περίχευεν, imperfect of περιχέω, 'poured around' — the mist as a liquid cloak Athena drapes over him."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of περίχευεν","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":141,"label":"141","id":"b7-l141","source":"ὄφρʼ ἵκετʼ Ἀρήτην τε καὶ Ἀλκίνοον βασιλῆα.","translation":"until he reached Arete and king Alcinous.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l141.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ἵκετ","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"he reached"},{"surface":"Ἀρήτην","lemma":"ʼἀρήτη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοον","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Alcinous"},{"surface":"βασιλῆα","lemma":"βασιλεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἀλκίνοον","gloss":"king"}]},{"number":142,"label":"142","id":"b7-l142","source":"ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς,","translation":"Odysseus threw his arms about the knees of Arete,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l142.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀμφὶ","lemma":"ἀμφί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Ἀρήτης","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies γούνασι","gloss":"Arete's"},{"surface":"βάλε","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw","note":"βάλε governs both χεῖρας (direct object) and ἀμφὶ...γούνασι (around the knees) — the classic supplication gesture."},{"surface":"γούνασι","lemma":"γόνυ","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἀμφὶ","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"χεῖρας","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of βάλε","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of βάλε","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":143,"label":"143","id":"b7-l143","source":"καὶ τότε δή ῥʼ αὐτοῖο πάλιν χύτο θέσφατος ἀήρ.","translation":"and then the divine mist flowed back away from him.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l143.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to χύτο","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then (epic particle)"},{"surface":"αὐτοῖο","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"object of χύτο","gloss":"from him","note":"genitive of separation with χύτο 'poured back' — 'away from him', not a direct object in the English sense."},{"surface":"πάλιν","lemma":"πάλιν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to χύτο","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"χύτο","lemma":"χέω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"flowed/poured","note":"root aorist passive of χέω 'pour' — the divine mist is 'poured away' as if a liquid."},{"surface":"θέσφατος","lemma":"θέσφατος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀήρ","gloss":"divine, ordained"},{"surface":"ἀήρ","lemma":"ἀήρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of χύτο","gloss":"mist"}]},{"number":144,"label":"144","id":"b7-l144","source":"οἱ δʼ ἄνεῳ ἐγένοντο, δόμον κάτα φῶτα ἰδόντες·","translation":"They fell silent, seeing the man there in the hall,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l144.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐγένοντο","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and/but"},{"surface":"ἄνεῳ","lemma":"ἄνεω","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἐγένοντο","gloss":"speechless","note":"ἄνεῳ is an indeclinable/adverbial predicate adjective 'without voice' describing the resulting state after ἐγένοντο."},{"surface":"ἐγένοντο","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"δόμον","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to κάτα","gloss":"hall"},{"surface":"κάτα","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout, in","note":"κάτα stands after its noun δόμον (anastrophe/tmesis) — 'throughout the hall'."},{"surface":"φῶτα","lemma":"φώς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἰδόντες","gloss":"the man"},{"surface":"ἰδόντες","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐγένοντο","gloss":"seeing"}]},{"number":145,"label":"145","id":"b7-l145","source":"θαύμαζον δʼ ὁρόωντες. ὁ δὲ λιτάνευεν Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"and gazed in wonder. But Odysseus made his plea:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l145.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θαύμαζον","lemma":"θαυμάζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they marveled"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὁρόωντες","lemma":"ὁράω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to θαύμαζον","gloss":"looking on"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"λιτάνευεν","lemma":"λιτανεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pleaded, entreated","note":"λιτανεύω 'make supplication' — the formal verb for a suppliant's plea, fitting Odysseus's posture at the hearth."},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":146,"label":"146","id":"b7-l146","source":"Ἀρήτη, θύγατερ Ῥηξήνορος ἀντιθέοιο,","translation":"\"Arete, daughter of godlike Rhexenor,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l146.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀρήτη","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"vocative singular feminine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"θύγατερ","lemma":"θυγάτηρ","morphology":"vocative singular feminine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"Ῥηξήνορος","lemma":"Ῥηξήνωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies θύγατερ","gloss":"of Rhexenor"},{"surface":"ἀντιθέοιο","lemma":"ἀντίθεος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ῥηξήνορος","gloss":"godlike","note":"ἀντίθεος 'equal to the gods' — a standard Homeric epithet of honor for a noble mortal, here Arete's father."}]},{"number":147,"label":"147","id":"b7-l147","source":"σόν τε πόσιν σά τε γούναθʼ ἱκάνω πολλὰ μογήσας","translation":"to your husband and to your knees I come, after much suffering,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l147.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σόν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πόσιν","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόσιν","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"husband","note":"πόσις 'husband' — Odysseus formally addresses Arete before Alcinous, an unusual suppliant strategy (appeal to the queen first)."},{"surface":"σά","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies γούναθ᾽","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γούναθ","lemma":"γόνυ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"knees","note":"γούνατα 'knees' — clasping the knees is the physical gesture of formal supplication in Homer."},{"surface":"ἱκάνω","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I come"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of μογήσας","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"μογήσας","lemma":"μογέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἱκάνω","gloss":"having suffered"}]},{"number":148,"label":"148","id":"b7-l148","source":"τούσδε τε δαιτυμόνας· τοῖσιν θεοὶ ὄλβια δοῖεν","translation":"and to these your guests; may the gods grant them prosperity","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l148.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τούσδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies δαιτυμόνας","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δαιτυμόνας","lemma":"δαιτυμών","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"feasters, guests"},{"surface":"τοῖσιν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of δοῖεν","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of δοῖεν","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"ὄλβια","lemma":"ὄλβιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ζωέμεναι","gloss":"prosperous"},{"surface":"δοῖεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may they grant","note":"optative δοῖεν expresses a wish/prayer — 'may the gods grant', a formulaic blessing on the household."}]},{"number":149,"label":"149","id":"b7-l149","source":"ζωέμεναι, καὶ παισὶν ἐπιτρέψειεν ἕκαστος","translation":"in their lives, and may each hand down to his children","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l149.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ζωέμεναι","lemma":"ζώω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of δοῖεν","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παισὶν","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπιτρέψειεν","gloss":"to children"},{"surface":"ἐπιτρέψειεν","lemma":"ἐπιτρέπω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may he hand down","note":"optative of wish continuing the prayer begun in the previous line, each Phaeacian passing wealth and honor to his sons."},{"surface":"ἕκαστος","lemma":"ἕκαστος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"subject of ἐπιτρέψειεν","gloss":"each man"}]},{"number":150,"label":"150","id":"b7-l150","source":"κτήματʼ ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γέρας θʼ ὅ τι δῆμος ἔδωκεν·","translation":"the wealth in his halls and the honor the people gave him.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l150.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κτήματ","lemma":"κτῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of θ᾽","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροισι","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"γέρας","lemma":"γέρας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of θ᾽","gloss":"honor, privilege","note":"γέρας — the formal 'prize of honor' granted by the people, a key Homeric social concept distinct from ordinary wealth."},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies ὅ","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"δῆμος","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"the people"},{"surface":"ἔδωκεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing γέρας","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":151,"label":"151","id":"b7-l151","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ πομπὴν ὀτρύνετε πατρίδʼ ἱκέσθαι","translation":"But for me, urge an escort, that I may reach my homeland","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l151.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐμοὶ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὀτρύνετε","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"πομπὴν","lemma":"πομπή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ὀτρύνετε","gloss":"escort, safe passage"},{"surface":"ὀτρύνετε","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"urge, hasten","note":"imperative ὀτρύνετε 'urge on/hasten' — Odysseus shifts from prayer for the Phaeacians to a direct request for himself."},{"surface":"πατρίδ","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to ὀτρύνετε","gloss":"to reach"}]},{"number":152,"label":"152","id":"b7-l152","source":"θᾶσσον, ἐπεὶ δὴ δηθὰ φίλων ἄπο πήματα πάσχω.","translation":"soon, for long now I suffer hardships far from my friends.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l152.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θᾶσσον","lemma":"ταχύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"adverbial to ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"more quickly"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δηθὰ","lemma":"δηθά","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πάσχω","gloss":"for a long time"},{"surface":"φίλων","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"adverbial to ἄπο","gloss":"friends"},{"surface":"ἄπο","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"away from","note":"anastrophe: ἄπο stands after its noun φίλων, throwing the accent back onto the preposition — common Homeric word order."},{"surface":"πήματα","lemma":"πῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πάσχω","gloss":"hardships"},{"surface":"πάσχω","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"I suffer"}]},{"number":153,"label":"153","id":"b7-l153","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετʼ ἐπʼ ἐσχάρῃ ἐν κονίῃσιν","translation":"So speaking he sat down at the hearth among the ashes,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l153.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰπὼν","gloss":"thus, so"},{"surface":"εἰπὼν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἕζετ᾽","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"κατ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down","note":"tmesis: κατ(ά) separated from ἕζετ(ο) forms the compound 'sat down' — the preposition and verb are split across the line."},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then (particle)"},{"surface":"ἕζετ","lemma":"ἕζομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he sat"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ἐσχάρῃ","lemma":"ἐσχάρα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"hearth"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κονίῃσιν","lemma":"κονία","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"ashes","note":"sitting in the ashes of the hearth is the classic Homeric gesture of a suppliant's humility before the household."}]},{"number":154,"label":"154","id":"b7-l154","source":"πὰρ πυρί· οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ.","translation":"beside the fire, and they all fell hushed in silence.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l154.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"πυρί","lemma":"πῦρ","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"modifies πὰρ","gloss":"the fire"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐγένοντο","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"πάντες","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἱ","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀκὴν","lemma":"ἀκήν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐγένοντο","gloss":"silently","note":"ἀκήν is an old accusative used adverbially, 'in silence' — reinforces σιωπῇ for emphasis, typical Homeric doubling."},{"surface":"ἐγένοντο","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"became, fell"},{"surface":"σιωπῇ","lemma":"σιωπή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐγένοντο","gloss":"in silence"}]},{"number":155,"label":"155","id":"b7-l155","source":"ὀψὲ δὲ δὴ μετέειπε γέρων ἥρως Ἐχένηος,","translation":"At last the old hero Echeneus spoke among them,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l155.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὀψὲ","lemma":"ὀψέ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μετέειπε","gloss":"late, at last"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μετέειπε","lemma":"μετεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke among them"},{"surface":"γέρων","lemma":"γέρων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἐχένηος","gloss":"hero","note":"γέρων ἥρως 'old hero' — a formulaic pairing marking a respected elder speaker, here introducing Echeneus."},{"surface":"Ἐχένηος","lemma":"Ἐχένηος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Echeneus"}]},{"number":156,"label":"156","id":"b7-l156","source":"ὃς δὴ Φαιήκων ἀνδρῶν προγενέστερος ἦεν","translation":"who was the eldest of the Phaeacian men","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l156.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies προγενέστερος","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"προγενέστερος","lemma":"προγενής","morphology":"nominative singular masculine comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"elder, senior","note":"comparative προγενέστερος 'more advanced in age' — marks Echeneus as the eldest, hence the authority to speak first."},{"surface":"ἦεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":157,"label":"157","id":"b7-l157","source":"καὶ μύθοισι κέκαστο, παλαιά τε πολλά τε εἰδώς·","translation":"and excelled in speech, knowing many old things;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l157.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μύθοισι","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to κέκαστο","gloss":"in speech, words"},{"surface":"κέκαστο","lemma":"καίνυμαι","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"excelled","note":"pluperfect κέκαστο from καίνυμαι 'surpass, excel' — marks Echeneus as the finest speaker among the Phaeacians."},{"surface":"παλαιά","lemma":"παλαιός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of τε","gloss":"old things"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πολλά","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of τε","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἰδώς","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κέκαστο","gloss":"knowing"}]},{"number":158,"label":"158","id":"b7-l158","source":"ὅ σφιν ἐὺ φρονέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπεν·","translation":"with good will toward them he addressed the gathering and said:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l158.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"σφιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of φρονέων","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"ἐὺ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φρονέων","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"φρονέων","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"thinking, meaning","note":"ἐὺ φρονέων 'thinking well/kindly' — a formulaic phrase marking a speaker's goodwill before addressing an assembly."},{"surface":"ἀγορήσατο","lemma":"ἀγοράομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed the assembly"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μετέειπεν","lemma":"μετεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke among them"}]},{"number":159,"label":"159","id":"b7-l159","source":"Ἀλκίνοʼ, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον, οὐδὲ ἔοικε,","translation":"\"Alcinous, this is neither fitting nor seemly for you,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l159.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκίνο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Alcinous"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed (particle)"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"τόδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative singular neuter pronoun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"κάλλιον","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"more fitting, better","note":"comparative κάλλιον 'more fine/fitting' — Echeneus tactfully frames the rebuke as etiquette, not blame."},{"surface":"ἔοικε","lemma":"ἔοικα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is seemly"}]},{"number":160,"label":"160","id":"b7-l160","source":"ξεῖνον μὲν χαμαὶ ἧσθαι ἐπʼ ἐσχάρῃ ἐν κονίῃσιν,","translation":"that a stranger should sit on the ground at the hearth among the ashes,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l160.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἧσθαι","gloss":"stranger, guest"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed (particle)"},{"surface":"χαμαὶ","lemma":"χαμαί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἧσθαι","gloss":"on the ground"},{"surface":"ἧσθαι","lemma":"ἧμαι","morphology":"perfect middle infinitive","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ἐσχάρῃ","lemma":"ἐσχάρα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"hearth"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κονίῃσιν","lemma":"κονία","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"ashes"}]},{"number":161,"label":"161","id":"b7-l161","source":"οἵδε δὲ σὸν μῦθον ποτιδέγμενοι ἰσχανόωνται.","translation":"while these men hold back, waiting upon your word.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l161.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἵδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἰσχανόωνται","gloss":"these men"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σὸν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies μῦθον","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"μῦθον","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ποτιδέγμενοι","gloss":"word, speech"},{"surface":"ποτιδέγμενοι","lemma":"προσδέχομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἰσχανόωνται","gloss":"awaiting"},{"surface":"ἰσχανόωνται","lemma":"ἰσχανάω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold back, wait","note":"ἰσχανάω 'restrain oneself, wait eagerly' — the guests are too polite to eat or act before the king speaks."}]},{"number":162,"label":"162","id":"b7-l162","source":"ἄλλʼ ἄγε δὴ ξεῖνον μὲν ἐπὶ θρόνου ἀργυροήλου","translation":"Come now, raise the stranger up and seat him","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l162.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἄγε","lemma":"ἄγε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"come now"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of εἷσον","gloss":"the stranger"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on the one hand"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on, to"},{"surface":"θρόνου","lemma":"θρόνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"chair"},{"surface":"ἀργυροήλου","lemma":"ἀργυρόηλος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θρόνου","gloss":"silver-studded","note":"ἀργυρόηλος 'silver-nailed' — a mark of the honor now being restored to Odysseus, raised from the ashes to a fine seat."}]},{"number":163,"label":"163","id":"b7-l163","source":"εἷσον ἀναστήσας, σὺ δὲ κηρύκεσσι κέλευσον","translation":"on a silver-studded chair, and bid the heralds","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l163.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἷσον","lemma":"ἵζω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"seat, set"},{"surface":"ἀναστήσας","lemma":"ἀνίστημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εἷσον","gloss":"having raised up"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of κέλευσον","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κηρύκεσσι","lemma":"κῆρυξ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of κέλευσον","gloss":"heralds"},{"surface":"κέλευσον","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bid, command"}]},{"number":164,"label":"164","id":"b7-l164","source":"οἶνον ἐπικρῆσαι, ἵνα καὶ Διὶ τερπικεραύνῳ","translation":"mix wine, so that to Zeus who delights in thunder","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l164.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπικρῆσαι","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"ἐπικρῆσαι","lemma":"ἐπικεράννυμι","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of κέλευσον","gloss":"to mix"},{"surface":"ἵνα","lemma":"ἵνα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"Διὶ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of σπείσομεν","gloss":"to Zeus"},{"surface":"τερπικεραύνῳ","lemma":"τερπικέραυνος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Διὶ","gloss":"delighting in thunder","note":"τερπικέραυνος 'thunder-delighting' — a fixed epithet of Zeus, formulaic in libation contexts."}]},{"number":165,"label":"165","id":"b7-l165","source":"σπείσομεν, ὅς θʼ ἱκέτῃσιν ἅμʼ αἰδοίοισιν ὀπηδεῖ·","translation":"we may pour libation, who attends honored suppliants;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l165.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπείσομεν","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἵνα","gloss":"we may pour libation"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed (particle)"},{"surface":"ἱκέτῃσιν","lemma":"ἱκέτης","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"suppliants"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"αἰδοίοισιν","lemma":"αἰδοῖος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἱκέτῃσιν","gloss":"honored, revered"},{"surface":"ὀπηδεῖ","lemma":"ὀπαδέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Διὶ","gloss":"attends, accompanies","note":"Zeus Ἱκέσιος, protector of suppliants — the theological reason a suppliant like Odysseus must be honored."}]},{"number":166,"label":"166","id":"b7-l166","source":"δόρπον δὲ ξείνῳ ταμίη δότω ἔνδον ἐόντων.","translation":"and let the housekeeper give the stranger supper from what is within.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l166.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δόρπον","lemma":"δόρπον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of δότω","gloss":"supper, meal"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ξείνῳ","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δότω","gloss":"to the stranger"},{"surface":"ταμίη","lemma":"ταμία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of δότω","gloss":"housekeeper"},{"surface":"δότω","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let her give","note":"3rd-person imperative δότω — a formal command relayed through Alcinous, common Homeric register for household orders."},{"surface":"ἔνδον","lemma":"ἔνδον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐόντων","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"ἐόντων","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural neuter","role":"modifies δόρπον","gloss":"of what is there"}]},{"number":167,"label":"167","id":"b7-l167","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τό γʼ ἄκουσʼ ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο,","translation":"When the sacred might of Alcinous heard this,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l167.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο","title":"\"The sacred might of Alcinous\"","body":"A periphrasis meaning simply \"mighty Alcinous.\" Homer often names a hero's \"might\" or \"force\" in place of the hero himself, a dignified epic idiom."}],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but, then"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"τό","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἄκουσ᾽","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed (emphatic)"},{"surface":"ἄκουσ","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"ἱερὸν","lemma":"ἱερός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies μένος","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"μένος","lemma":"μένος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἄκουσ᾽","gloss":"might, strength","note":"ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο 'the sacred might of Alcinous' — a periphrasis honoring the king, standing in for his name."},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies μένος","gloss":"of Alcinous"}]},{"number":168,"label":"168","id":"b7-l168","source":"χειρὸς ἑλὼν Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα ποικιλομήτην","translation":"he took skilled, crafty-minded Odysseus by the hand,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l168.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χειρὸς","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἑλὼν","gloss":"by the hand"},{"surface":"ἑλὼν","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"taking"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσῆα","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"δαΐφρονα","lemma":"δαίφρων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσῆα","gloss":"wise, valiant","note":"δαΐφρων 'battle-wise, skilled in war/wisdom' — a heroic epithet marking Odysseus's renowned cunning."},{"surface":"ποικιλομήτην","lemma":"ποικιλομήτης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσῆα","gloss":"of many wiles","note":"ποικιλομήτης 'of shifting/varied schemes' — a signature epithet for Odysseus's cleverness."}]},{"number":169,"label":"169","id":"b7-l169","source":"ὦρσεν ἀπʼ ἐσχαρόφιν καὶ ἐπὶ θρόνου εἷσε φαεινοῦ,","translation":"raised him from the hearth and seated him on a shining chair,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l169.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὦρσεν","lemma":"ὄρνυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"ἀπ","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ἐσχαρόφιν","lemma":"ἐσχάρα","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἀπ᾽","gloss":"the hearth"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on, onto"},{"surface":"θρόνου","lemma":"θρόνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"chair"},{"surface":"εἷσε","lemma":"ἵζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"seated"},{"surface":"φαεινοῦ","lemma":"φαεινός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θρόνου","gloss":"shining, bright"}]},{"number":170,"label":"170","id":"b7-l170","source":"υἱὸν ἀναστήσας ἀγαπήνορα Λαοδάμαντα,","translation":"having made his son rise, manly Laodamas,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l170.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"υἱὸν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"ἀναστήσας","lemma":"ἀνίστημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εἷσε","gloss":"having made rise","note":"Laodamas gives up his own seat for Odysseus — a quiet gesture of honor completing the guest's restoration."},{"surface":"ἀγαπήνορα","lemma":"ἀγαπήνωρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Λαοδάμαντα","gloss":"manly, lordly"},{"surface":"Λαοδάμαντα","lemma":"Λαοδάμας","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"Laodamas"}]},{"number":171,"label":"171","id":"b7-l171","source":"ὅς οἱ πλησίον ἷζε, μάλιστα δέ μιν φιλέεσκεν.","translation":"who sat next to him, for he loved him most of all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l171.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δέ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to πλησίον","gloss":"him","note":"Epic dative οἱ 'to/for him' (unaccented enclitic 3rd-person pronoun), not related to article ὁ."},{"surface":"πλησίον","lemma":"πλησίος","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"nearby"},{"surface":"ἷζε","lemma":"ἵζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δέ","gloss":"sat","note":"ἵζω imperfect ἷζε 'was sitting/sat'; reduplicated present stem gives the initial rough breathing."},{"surface":"μάλιστα","lemma":"μάλιστα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of φιλέεσκεν","gloss":"him","note":"μιν is the epic enclitic accusative pronoun, used for both masc./fem., very common in Homer instead of αὐτόν."},{"surface":"φιλέεσκεν","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δέ","gloss":"loved"}]},{"number":172,"label":"172","id":"b7-l172","source":"χέρνιβα δʼ ἀμφίπολος προχόῳ ἐπέχευε φέρουσα","translation":"A handmaid brought water in a beautiful golden pitcher","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l172.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χέρνιβα","lemma":"χέρνιψ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμφίπολος","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"handmaid"},{"surface":"προχόῳ","lemma":"πρόχοος","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"pitcher"},{"surface":"ἐπέχευε","lemma":"ἐπιχέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"poured","note":"ἐπιχέω 'pour over/upon' — the ἐπι- prefix marks water poured over the guest's hands, a stock hospitality scene."},{"surface":"φέρουσα","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέχευε","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":173,"label":"173","id":"b7-l173","source":"καλῇ χρυσείῃ ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος,","translation":"and poured it over a silver basin","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l173.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλῇ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies προχόῳ","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"χρυσείῃ","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies προχόῳ","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ὑπὲρ","lemma":"ὑπέρ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ἀργυρέοιο","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies λέβητος","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"λέβητος","lemma":"λέβης","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπὲρ","gloss":"basin","note":"λέβης 'cauldron/basin' catches the runoff water beneath the golden pitcher — a formulaic handwashing scene before a meal."}]},{"number":174,"label":"174","id":"b7-l174","source":"νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν.","translation":"for him to wash, and drew up a polished table beside him.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l174.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νίψασθαι","lemma":"νίζω","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἐπέχευε","gloss":"to wash","note":"Middle infinitive νίψασθαι 'to wash oneself' expresses purpose with ἐπέχευε ('poured... for him to wash')."},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ξεστὴν","lemma":"ξεστός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies τράπεζαν","gloss":"polished"},{"surface":"ἐτάνυσσε","lemma":"τανύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drew up"},{"surface":"τράπεζαν","lemma":"τράπεζα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐτάνυσσε","gloss":"table"}]},{"number":175,"label":"175","id":"b7-l175","source":"σῖτον δʼ αἰδοίη ταμίη παρέθηκε φέρουσα,","translation":"The honored housekeeper brought bread and set it by him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l175.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σῖτον","lemma":"σῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of παρέθηκε","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰδοίη","lemma":"αἰδοῖος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ταμίη","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"ταμίη","lemma":"ταμία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of παρέθηκε","gloss":"housekeeper","note":"ταμία (fem. of ταμίης) 'steward/housekeeper', the woman in charge of stores — a recurring hospitality-scene figure."},{"surface":"παρέθηκε","lemma":"παρατίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set before"},{"surface":"φέρουσα","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to παρέθηκε","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":176,"label":"176","id":"b7-l176","source":"εἴδατα πόλλʼ ἐπιθεῖσα, χαριζομένη παρεόντων.","translation":"laying out many dishes, freely giving of her store.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l176.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴδατα","lemma":"εἶδαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπιθεῖσα","gloss":"dishes"},{"surface":"πόλλ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies εἴδατα","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"ἐπιθεῖσα","lemma":"ἐπιτίθημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"setting out"},{"surface":"χαριζομένη","lemma":"χαρίζομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"giving freely","note":"χαρίζομαι middle 'give generously/graciously' — captures the housekeeper's open-handed hospitality."},{"surface":"παρεόντων","lemma":"πάρειμι","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural neuter","role":"object of χαριζομένη","gloss":"what was at hand","note":"Genitive of the things 'available' (πάρειμι) — partitive genitive after χαριζομένη, 'giving freely of her stores'."}]},{"number":177,"label":"177","id":"b7-l177","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ πῖνε καὶ ἦσθε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.","translation":"And much-enduring noble Odysseus drank and ate.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l177.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and so"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"πῖνε","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drank"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἦσθε","lemma":"ἔσθω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"ate","note":"ἔσθω, epic alternate to ἐσθίω, imperfect ἦσθε 'was eating'."},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"πολύτλας 'much-enduring', Odysseus's signature epithet marking his suffering and endurance through the epic."},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":178,"label":"178","id":"b7-l178","source":"καὶ τότε κήρυκα προσέφη μένος Ἀλκινόοιο·","translation":"Then the might of Alcinous spoke to the herald:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l178.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"κήρυκα","lemma":"κῆρυξ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"herald"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke to"},{"surface":"μένος","lemma":"μένος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"might of","note":"μένος + genitive name = periphrasis 'the might/strength of X', a formulaic way to refer respectfully to a hero, here Alcinous."},{"surface":"Ἀλκινόοιο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies μένος","gloss":"Alcinous"}]},{"number":179,"label":"179","id":"b7-l179","source":"Ποντόνοε, κρητῆρα κερασσάμενος μέθυ νεῖμον","translation":"\"Pontonous, mix a bowl of wine and serve it","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l179.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ποντόνοε","lemma":"Ποντόνοος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Pontonous","note":"Vocative addressing the herald by name — a formulaic direct-address opening to a command speech."},{"surface":"κρητῆρα","lemma":"κρατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κερασσάμενος","gloss":"mixing bowl"},{"surface":"κερασσάμενος","lemma":"κεράννυμι","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to νεῖμον","gloss":"having mixed"},{"surface":"μέθυ","lemma":"μέθυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of νεῖμον","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"νεῖμον","lemma":"νέμω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"serve","note":"νέμω aorist imperative 'distribute/serve' — command to portion out wine to all present."}]},{"number":180,"label":"180","id":"b7-l180","source":"πᾶσιν ἀνὰ μέγαρον, ἵνα καὶ Διὶ τερπικεραύνῳ","translation":"to all in the hall, so that to Zeus who delights in thunder","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l180.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πᾶσιν","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of νεῖμον","gloss":"to all"},{"surface":"ἀνὰ","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"μέγαρον","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"modifies ἀνὰ","gloss":"hall"},{"surface":"ἵνα","lemma":"ἵνα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"Διὶ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of σπείσομεν","gloss":"to Zeus"},{"surface":"τερπικεραύνῳ","lemma":"τερπικέραυνος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Διὶ","gloss":"who delights in thunder","note":"τερπικέραυνος 'thunder-delighting', a standing epithet of Zeus formed from τέρπω + κεραυνός."}]},{"number":181,"label":"181","id":"b7-l181","source":"σπείσομεν, ὅς θʼ ἱκέτῃσιν ἅμʼ αἰδοίοισιν ὀπηδεῖ.","translation":"we may pour libation, who attends honored suppliants.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l181.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπείσομεν","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἵνα","gloss":"we may pour libation"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἱκέτῃσιν","lemma":"ἱκέτης","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"suppliants"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀπηδεῖ","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"αἰδοίοισιν","lemma":"αἰδοῖος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἱκέτῃσιν","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"ὀπηδεῖ","lemma":"ὀπαδέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Διὶ","gloss":"attends","note":"ὀπαδέω 'accompany/attend' — Zeus's role as protector of suppliants (Zeus Hikesios), a key theme of Odyssey hospitality."}]},{"number":182,"label":"182","id":"b7-l182","source":"ὣς φάτο, Ποντόνοος δὲ μελίφρονα οἶνον ἐκίρνα,","translation":"So he spoke, and Pontonous mixed the honey-hearted wine","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l182.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φάτο","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"φάτο","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke","note":"φάτο, epic aorist middle of φημί, the standard formula closing a speech before narrative resumes."},{"surface":"Ποντόνοος","lemma":"Ποντόνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐκίρνα","gloss":"Pontonous"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μελίφρονα","lemma":"μελίφρων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies οἶνον","gloss":"honey-hearted","note":"μελίφρων 'honey-minded/sweet', a poetic compound epithet describing the wine's sweetness."},{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐκίρνα","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"ἐκίρνα","lemma":"κιρνάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"mixed"}]},{"number":183,"label":"183","id":"b7-l183","source":"νώμησεν δʼ ἄρα πᾶσιν ἐπαρξάμενος δεπάεσσιν.","translation":"and served it to all, pouring first drops into each cup.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l183.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νώμησεν","lemma":"νωμάω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"served"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"πᾶσιν","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of νώμησεν","gloss":"to all"},{"surface":"ἐπαρξάμενος","lemma":"ἐπάρχω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to νώμησεν","gloss":"pouring first drops","note":"ἐπάρχομαι 'begin (a ritual) by pouring first' — the herald ritually pours a first libation-portion into each cup before serving."},{"surface":"δεπάεσσιν","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπαρξάμενος","gloss":"cups"}]},{"number":184,"label":"184","id":"b7-l184","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ σπεῖσάν τʼ ἔπιόν θʼ, ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός,","translation":"But when they had made libation and drunk as much as their hearts desired,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l184.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"σπεῖσάν","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"poured libation"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπιόν","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"drank"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὅσον","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"ἤθελε","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἔπιόν","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"θυμός","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤθελε","gloss":"heart","note":"θυμός 'heart/spirit', the seat of desire and emotion in Homeric psychology — subject of ἤθελε."}]},{"number":185,"label":"185","id":"b7-l185","source":"τοῖσιν δʼ Ἀλκίνοος ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπε·","translation":"Alcinous addressed the gathering and spoke among them:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l185.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσιν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Alcinous"},{"surface":"ἀγορήσατο","lemma":"ἀγοράομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μετέειπε","lemma":"μετεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke among them","note":"μετεῖπον 'spoke among/in the midst of' — formulaic pairing with ἀγορήσατο introducing a public speech."}]},{"number":186,"label":"186","id":"b7-l186","source":"κέκλυτε, Φαιήκων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες","translation":"\"Hear me, leaders and counselors of the Phaeacians,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l186.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κέκλυτε","lemma":"κλύω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hear me","note":"κέκλυτε, perfect imperative of κλύω, the standard Homeric formula opening an assembly speech: 'hear!'"},{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἠδὲ","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"ἡγήτορες","lemma":"ἡγήτωρ","morphology":"vocative plural masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέδοντες","lemma":"μέδων","morphology":"vocative plural masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"counselors","note":"ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες 'leaders and counselors' is a fixed vocative formula addressing an assembled council."}]},{"number":187,"label":"187","id":"b7-l187","source":"ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει.","translation":"that I may say what the heart in my breast commands.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l187.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"εἴπω","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"I may say"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of κελεύει","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"στήθεσσι","lemma":"στῆθος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"κελεύει","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of εἴπω","gloss":"commands","note":"θυμὸς ... ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει, 'the heart in the breast commands' — a formula for speaking one's true inner will."}]},{"number":188,"label":"188","id":"b7-l188","source":"νῦν μὲν δαισάμενοι κατακείετε οἴκαδʼ ἰόντες·","translation":"For now, having feasted, go home and lie down to rest;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l188.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κατακείετε","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δαισάμενοι","lemma":"δαίνυμι","morphology":"aorist participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to κατακείετε","gloss":"having feasted"},{"surface":"κατακείετε","lemma":"κατακείω","morphology":"future active indicative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"go lie down","note":"κατακείω, a desiderative/future form of κατάκειμαι, 'be about to lie down' — future sense built directly into the stem."},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἰόντες","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἰόντες","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to κατακείετε","gloss":"going"}]},{"number":189,"label":"189","id":"b7-l189","source":"ἠῶθεν δὲ γέροντας ἐπὶ πλέονας καλέσαντες","translation":"and at dawn, summoning more of the elders,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l189.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠῶθεν","lemma":"ἠῶθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠδὲ","gloss":"at dawn"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γέροντας","lemma":"γέρων","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καλέσαντες","gloss":"elders"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"πλέονας","lemma":"πλείων","morphology":"accusative plural masculine comparative adjective","role":"modifies γέροντας","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"καλέσαντες","lemma":"καλέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἠδὲ","gloss":"summoning"}]},{"number":190,"label":"190","id":"b7-l190","source":"ξεῖνον ἐνὶ μεγάροις ξεινίσσομεν ἠδὲ θεοῖσιν","translation":"we will entertain the stranger in the halls, and to the gods","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l190.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ξεινίσσομεν","gloss":"stranger","note":"ξένος covers both 'guest' and 'stranger'; xenia (guest-friendship) governs this whole hospitality scene."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροις","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"ξεινίσσομεν","lemma":"ξενίζω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we will entertain"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θεοῖσιν","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ῥέξομεν","gloss":"to the gods"}]},{"number":191,"label":"191","id":"b7-l191","source":"ῥέξομεν ἱερὰ καλά, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ περὶ πομπῆς","translation":"we will make fine sacrifices, and afterward of his escort","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l191.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ῥέξομεν","lemma":"ῥέζω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we will make"},{"surface":"ἱερὰ","lemma":"ἱερόν","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ῥέξομεν","gloss":"sacrifices"},{"surface":"καλά","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἱερὰ","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μνησόμεθ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"concerning"},{"surface":"πομπῆς","lemma":"πομπή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of περὶ","gloss":"escort","note":"πομπή 'safe conduct/escort' — the Phaeacians' magical ships that carry guests home, a central plot device in this book."}]},{"number":192,"label":"192","id":"b7-l192","source":"μνησόμεθʼ, ὥς χʼ ὁ ξεῖνος ἄνευθε πόνου καὶ ἀνίης","translation":"we will take thought, so that the stranger, without toil or grief,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l192.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μνησόμεθ","lemma":"μιμνήσκω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we will take thought"},{"surface":"ὥς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"χ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"[modal particle]","note":"ἄν/κε (here χ᾽) marks the purpose clause as a real intended outcome, common with subjunctive ὥς."},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine article","role":"modifies ξεῖνος","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ξεῖνος","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἵκηται","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"ἄνευθε","lemma":"ἄνευθε","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"πόνου","lemma":"πόνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"toil"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀνίης","lemma":"ἀνία","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"grief"}]},{"number":193,"label":"193","id":"b7-l193","source":"πομπῇ ὑφʼ ἡμετέρῃ ἣν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἵκηται","translation":"may under our escort reach his own homeland,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l193.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πομπῇ","lemma":"πομπή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑφ᾽","gloss":"escort"},{"surface":"ὑφ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ἡμετέρῃ","lemma":"ἡμέτερος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies πομπῇ","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"ἣν","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"his own","note":"ἑός is the archaic possessive 'his own/her own' (reflexive), rarer than the classical ἑαυτοῦ."},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἵκηται","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ἵκηται","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δέ","gloss":"may reach"}]},{"number":194,"label":"194","id":"b7-l194","source":"χαίρων καρπαλίμως, εἰ καὶ μάλα τηλόθεν ἐστί,","translation":"rejoicing, swiftly, even if it lies very far away,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l194.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χαίρων","lemma":"χαίρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἵκηται","gloss":"rejoicing"},{"surface":"καρπαλίμως","lemma":"καρπάλιμος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵκηται","gloss":"swiftly"},{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"τηλόθεν","lemma":"τηλόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐστί","gloss":"far away"},{"surface":"ἐστί","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"it is"}]},{"number":195,"label":"195","id":"b7-l195","source":"μηδέ τι μεσσηγύς γε κακὸν καὶ πῆμα πάθῃσι,","translation":"and may suffer no harm or trouble along the way,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l195.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies κακὸν","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"μεσσηγύς","lemma":"μεσηγύ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πάθῃσι","gloss":"in between","note":"μεσσηγύς 'in the meantime/along the way' — refers to the journey home, between departure and arrival."},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κακὸν","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"harm"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"πῆμα","lemma":"πῆμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"πάθῃσι","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δέ","gloss":"may suffer"}]},{"number":196,"label":"196","id":"b7-l196","source":"πρίν γε τὸν ἧς γαίης ἐπιβήμεναι· ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτα","translation":"before he sets foot on his own land; but there afterward","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l196.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πρίν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπιβήμεναι","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ἧς","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαίης","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"γαίης","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπιβήμεναι","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ἐπιβήμεναι","lemma":"ἐπιβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to πρίν","gloss":"sets foot on","note":"ἐπιβαίνω + genitive 'set foot upon' — idiomatic genitive of the surface stepped onto."},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πείσεται","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πείσεται","gloss":"afterward"}]},{"number":197,"label":"197","id":"b7-l197","source":"πείσεται, ἅσσα οἱ αἶσα κατὰ κλῶθές τε βαρεῖαι","translation":"he will suffer whatever fate and the heavy Spinners","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l197.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πείσεται","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he will suffer"},{"surface":"ἅσσα","lemma":"ὅστις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of νήσαντο","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of νήσαντο","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"αἶσα","lemma":"Αἶσα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"fate","note":"Αἶσα personified as goddess of destiny, paired with the Κλῶθες (Spinners/Fates) who spin one's lot at birth."},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"κλῶθές","lemma":"Κλῶθες","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"the Spinners","note":"Κλῶθες, epithet-name of the Fates as spinners of destiny thread — same root as κλώθω 'to spin'."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"βαρεῖαι","lemma":"βαρύς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies κλῶθές","gloss":"heavy"}]},{"number":198,"label":"198","id":"b7-l198","source":"γιγνομένῳ νήσαντο λίνῳ, ὅτε μιν τέκε μήτηρ.","translation":"spun for him with their thread at his birth, when his mother bore him.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l198.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"γιγνομένῳ","title":"Participle: \"as he was being born\"","body":"This present participle agrees with the man and sets the time of the Fates' spinning: at the moment of his birth. Participles often carry such temporal force in Greek."}],"words":[{"surface":"γιγνομένῳ","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculine","role":"modifies οἱ","gloss":"as he was being born"},{"surface":"νήσαντο","lemma":"νέω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of πείσεται","gloss":"spun","note":"νέω 'spin thread' — the Fates spinning destiny at birth, a vivid image of predetermined fate (μοῖρα)."},{"surface":"λίνῳ","lemma":"λίνον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to νήσαντο","gloss":"with thread"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of τέκε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"τέκε","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"bore"},{"surface":"μήτηρ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of τέκε","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":199,"label":"199","id":"b7-l199","source":"εἰ δέ τις ἀθανάτων γε κατʼ οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθεν,","translation":"But if he is one of the immortals come down from heaven,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l199.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"ἀθανάτων","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"of the immortals"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κατ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"οὐρανοῦ","lemma":"οὐρανός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of κατ᾽","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"εἰλήλουθεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"has come","note":"perfect εἰλήλουθεν (ἔρχομαι) stresses the completed, present result: 'has come and is here'."}]},{"number":200,"label":"200","id":"b7-l200","source":"ἄλλο τι δὴ τόδʼ ἔπειτα θεοὶ περιμηχανόωνται.","translation":"then the gods are now devising some new thing for us.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l200.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies τόδ᾽","gloss":"some other"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies τόδ᾽","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τόδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of περιμηχανόωνται","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to περιμηχανόωνται","gloss":"now, then"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of περιμηχανόωνται","gloss":"the gods"},{"surface":"περιμηχανόωνται","lemma":"περιμηχανάομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are devising","note":"περιμηχανόωνται: uncontracted epic middle form of -άομαι, 'contrive/scheme around'."}]},{"number":201,"label":"201","id":"b7-l201","source":"αἰεὶ γὰρ τὸ πάρος γε θεοὶ φαίνονται ἐναργεῖς","translation":"For before now the gods have always appeared to us plainly,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l201.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φαίνονται","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τὸ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter article","role":"modifies πάρος","gloss":"the (time)"},{"surface":"πάρος","lemma":"πάρος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φαίνονται","gloss":"before now"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of φαίνονται","gloss":"the gods"},{"surface":"φαίνονται","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"appear"},{"surface":"ἐναργεῖς","lemma":"ἐναργής","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"plainly, visibly","note":"ἐναργεῖς: gods appearing 'manifest,' undisguised — a key epic motif of divine epiphany."}]},{"number":202,"label":"202","id":"b7-l202","source":"ἡμῖν, εὖτʼ ἔρδωμεν ἀγακλειτὰς ἑκατόμβας,","translation":"whenever we offer them glorious hecatombs,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l202.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἑκατόμβας","title":"Hecatomb","body":"Literally \"a hundred oxen,\" though the word came to mean any great public sacrifice. It signals lavish offerings worthy of the gods' notice."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἡμῖν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of φαίνονται","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"εὖτ","lemma":"εὖτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"ἔρδωμεν","lemma":"ἔρδω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to εὖτ᾽","gloss":"we offer","note":"subjunctive after εὖτε in a general temporal clause: 'whenever we (habitually) sacrifice'."},{"surface":"ἀγακλειτὰς","lemma":"ἀγακλειτός","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἑκατόμβας","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"ἑκατόμβας","lemma":"ἑκατόμβη","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἔρδωμεν","gloss":"hecatombs"}]},{"number":203,"label":"203","id":"b7-l203","source":"δαίνυνταί τε παρʼ ἄμμι καθήμενοι ἔνθα περ ἡμεῖς.","translation":"and they feast among us, sitting just where we do.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l203.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δαίνυνταί","lemma":"δαίνυμι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they feast"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"ἄμμι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to παρ᾽","gloss":"us","note":"ἄμμι: Aeolic/epic dative plural of ἐγώ, 'us' — a Homeric alternate to ἡμῖν."},{"surface":"καθήμενοι","lemma":"κάθημαι","morphology":"perfect middle participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to δαίνυνταί","gloss":"sitting"},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"just where"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"just, exactly"},{"surface":"ἡμεῖς","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"we"}]},{"number":204,"label":"204","id":"b7-l204","source":"εἰ δʼ ἄρα τις καὶ μοῦνος ἰὼν ξύμβληται ὁδίτης,","translation":"And even if some lone traveler meets one of them,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l204.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then, indeed"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὁδίτης","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μοῦνος","lemma":"μόνος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"ἰὼν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ξύμβληται","gloss":"going","note":"ἰών: present participle of εἶμι 'go' — common epic form for 'going along'."},{"surface":"ξύμβληται","lemma":"συμβάλλω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"meets"},{"surface":"ὁδίτης","lemma":"ὁδίτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ξύμβληται","gloss":"traveler"}]},{"number":205,"label":"205","id":"b7-l205","source":"οὔ τι κατακρύπτουσιν, ἐπεί σφισιν ἐγγύθεν εἰμέν,","translation":"they hide nothing, since we are near kin to them,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l205.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to κατακρύπτουσιν","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"κατακρύπτουσιν","lemma":"κατακρύπτω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they hide"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"σφισιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐγγύθεν","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"ἐγγύθεν","lemma":"ἐγγύθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"nearby, close","note":"ἐγγύθεν used with dative σφισιν: 'near to them' — kinship of Phaeacians to gods."},{"surface":"εἰμέν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"we are"}]},{"number":206,"label":"206","id":"b7-l206","source":"ὥς περ Κύκλωπές τε καὶ ἄγρια φῦλα Γιγάντων.","translation":"as are the Cyclopes and the wild tribes of the Giants.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l206.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὥς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Κύκλωπές","lemma":"Κύκλωψ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"the Cyclopes"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄγρια","lemma":"ἄγριος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies φῦλα","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"φῦλα","lemma":"φῦλον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"tribes"},{"surface":"Γιγάντων","lemma":"Γίγας","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies φῦλα","gloss":"of the Giants","note":"pairs Cyclopes and Giants as savage races close to gods but lawless — epic catalog device."}]},{"number":207,"label":"207","id":"b7-l207","source":"τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις\n                  Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"Then resourceful Odysseus answered him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l207.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύμητις","title":"Epithet \"of many counsels\"","body":"Polymetis, \"of many devices,\" is one of Odysseus' standing epithets, marking his cleverness. Such formulaic epithets help fit the name to the meter of the line."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀπαμειβόμενος","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"answering"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke","note":"προσέφη: imperfect of πρόσφημι, formulaic epic 'spoke to him' introducing direct speech."},{"surface":"πολύμητις","lemma":"πολύμητις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"resourceful","note":"πολύμητις: Odysseus's stock epithet, 'of many wiles/counsels' — a fixed epic formula."},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":208,"label":"208","id":"b7-l208","source":"Ἀλκίνοʼ, ἄλλο τί τοι μελέτω φρεσίν· οὐ γὰρ ἐγώ γε","translation":"\"Alcinous, let some other thought concern your mind; for I","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l208.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκίνο","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Alcinous"},{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies τί","gloss":"some other"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular neuter pronoun","role":"subject of μελέτω","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of μελέτω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"μελέτω","lemma":"μέλω","morphology":"present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let concern","note":"μελέτω: 3rd-sg imperative of μέλω, 'let it be a care to' — idiom with dative of person."},{"surface":"φρεσίν","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"object of μελέτω","gloss":"your mind"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔοικα","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"}]},{"number":209,"label":"209","id":"b7-l209","source":"ἀθανάτοισιν ἔοικα, τοὶ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἔχουσιν,","translation":"am not like the immortals who hold the wide heaven,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l209.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀθανάτοισιν","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of ἔοικα","gloss":"the immortals"},{"surface":"ἔοικα","lemma":"ἔοικα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"am like","note":"ἔοικα: perfect with present sense, 'resemble' — governs dative ἀθανάτοισιν."},{"surface":"τοὶ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"οὐρανὸν","lemma":"οὐρανός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"εὐρὺν","lemma":"εὐρύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οὐρανὸν","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"ἔχουσιν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀθανάτοισιν","gloss":"hold"}]},{"number":210,"label":"210","id":"b7-l210","source":"οὐ δέμας οὐδὲ φυήν, ἀλλὰ θνητοῖσι βροτοῖσιν.","translation":"neither in build nor in stature, but like mortal men.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l210.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"δέμας","lemma":"δέμας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"in build"},{"surface":"φυήν","lemma":"φυή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"in stature","note":"δέμας/φυήν: accusatives of respect, 'in body' and 'in stature' — specify how he is unlike the gods."},{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"θνητοῖσι","lemma":"θνητός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βροτοῖσιν","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"βροτοῖσιν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":211,"label":"211","id":"b7-l211","source":"οὕς τινας ὑμεῖς ἴστε μάλιστʼ ὀχέοντας ὀιζὺν","translation":"Whomever you know to bear the heaviest misery","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l211.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἴστε","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"τινας","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies οὕς","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"ὑμεῖς","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative plural pronoun","role":"subject of ἴστε","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἴστε","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 2nd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τοῖσίν","gloss":"know","note":"ἴστε: perfect of οἶδα with present meaning, 'you know'."},{"surface":"μάλιστ","lemma":"μάλιστα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀχέοντας","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"ὀχέοντας","lemma":"ὀχέω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifies οὕς","gloss":"bearing","note":"ὀχέοντας: 'carrying/enduring' habitually — present participle of durative sense."},{"surface":"ὀιζὺν","lemma":"ὀιζύς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ὀχέοντας","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":212,"label":"212","id":"b7-l212","source":"ἀνθρώπων, τοῖσίν κεν ἐν ἄλγεσιν ἰσωσαίμην.","translation":"of mortals, to those I would liken myself in my sorrows.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l212.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies οὕς","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"τοῖσίν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἰσωσαίμην","gloss":"to those"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἄλγεσιν","lemma":"ἄλγος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"sorrows"},{"surface":"ἰσωσαίμην","lemma":"ἰσόω","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would liken myself","note":"ἰσωσαίμην: aorist optative of ἰσόω, potential optative with κεν — 'I could compare myself'."}]},{"number":213,"label":"213","id":"b7-l213","source":"καὶ δʼ ἔτι κεν καὶ μᾶλλον ἐγὼ κακὰ μυθησαίμην,","translation":"Indeed, I could tell of even more troubles still,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l213.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔτι","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"still, yet"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μᾶλλον","lemma":"μᾶλλον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μυθησαίμην","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μυθησαίμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"κακὰ","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of μυθησαίμην","gloss":"troubles"},{"surface":"μυθησαίμην","lemma":"μυθέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"could tell","note":"μυθησαίμην: potential optative, 'I could relate' — modest hedge before the long catalog of sufferings."}]},{"number":214,"label":"214","id":"b7-l214","source":"ὅσσα γε δὴ ξύμπαντα θεῶν ἰότητι μόγησα.","translation":"all that I have endured by the will of the gods.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l214.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"θεῶν ἰότητι","title":"\"By the will of the gods\"","body":"A common Homeric phrase attributing events to divine will. Odysseus frames his sufferings as fated, not mere accident."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὅσσα","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of μόγησα","gloss":"as many as"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ξύμπαντα","lemma":"σύμπας","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὅσσα","gloss":"all together"},{"surface":"θεῶν","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἰότητι","gloss":"of the gods"},{"surface":"ἰότητι","lemma":"ἰότης","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to μόγησα","gloss":"by the will","note":"ἰότητι: instrumental dative, 'by the will/design (of the gods)' — poetic noun rare outside Homer."},{"surface":"μόγησα","lemma":"μογέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing κακὰ","gloss":"I suffered"}]},{"number":215,"label":"215","id":"b7-l215","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ μὲν δορπῆσαι ἐάσατε κηδόμενόν περ·","translation":"But let me eat my supper, grieved though I am;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l215.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δορπῆσαι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δορπῆσαι","lemma":"δορπέω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of ἐάσατε","gloss":"to dine"},{"surface":"ἐάσατε","lemma":"ἐάω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let, allow"},{"surface":"κηδόμενόν","lemma":"κήδω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"grieving","note":"κηδόμενόν περ: 'though grieving' — concessive participle marked by περ, a common Homeric idiom."},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"though"}]},{"number":216,"label":"216","id":"b7-l216","source":"οὐ γάρ τι στυγερῇ ἐπὶ γαστέρι κύντερον ἄλλο","translation":"for there is nothing more shameless than the hateful belly,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l216.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"subject of ἔπλετο","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"στυγερῇ","lemma":"στυγερός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαστέρι","gloss":"hateful"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"than, over"},{"surface":"γαστέρι","lemma":"γαστήρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἐπὶ","gloss":"belly","note":"γαστήρ personified as shamelessly demanding — famous Homeric motif of the belly's tyranny."},{"surface":"κύντερον","lemma":"κύντερος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"more shameless"},{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies τι","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":217,"label":"217","id":"b7-l217","source":"ἔπλετο, ἥ τʼ ἐκέλευσεν ἕο μνήσασθαι ἀνάγκῃ","translation":"which compels a man to remember it of necessity,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l217.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔπλετο","lemma":"πέλω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"exists, is","note":"ἔπλετο: epic form of πέλω 'to be', poetic equivalent of ἦν 'was'."},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσεν","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing γαστέρι","gloss":"compels"},{"surface":"ἕο","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of μνήσασθαι","gloss":"of it","note":"ἕο: archaic genitive of the reflexive pronoun ἕ, 'of it/itself' referring back to the belly."},{"surface":"μνήσασθαι","lemma":"μιμνήσκω","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"to remember"},{"surface":"ἀνάγκῃ","lemma":"ἀνάγκη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"by necessity"}]},{"number":218,"label":"218","id":"b7-l218","source":"καὶ μάλα τειρόμενον καὶ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ πένθος ἔχοντα,","translation":"even one worn out and carrying grief in his heart,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l218.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τειρόμενον","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"τειρόμενον","lemma":"τείρω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"worn out"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"πένθος","lemma":"πένθος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔχοντα","gloss":"grief"},{"surface":"ἔχοντα","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":219,"label":"219","id":"b7-l219","source":"ὡς καὶ ἐγὼ πένθος μὲν ἔχω φρεσίν, ἡ δὲ μάλʼ αἰεὶ","translation":"as I too carry grief in my heart, yet it forever","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l219.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔχω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"πένθος","lemma":"πένθος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔχω","gloss":"grief"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔχω","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"I carry"},{"surface":"φρεσίν","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"object of ἔχω","gloss":"in my heart"},{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"it (the belly)","note":"ἡ picks up γαστήρ from earlier — the belly, not the grief, is the subject of what follows."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but, yet"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very much"},{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κέλεται","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":220,"label":"220","id":"b7-l220","source":"ἐσθέμεναι κέλεται καὶ πινέμεν, ἐκ δέ με πάντων","translation":"bids me eat and drink, and makes me forget all","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l220.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐσθέμεναι","lemma":"ἔσθω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to eat"},{"surface":"κέλεται","lemma":"κέλομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"bids"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πινέμεν","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to drink"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out of, from"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ληθάνει","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"πάντων","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ληθάνει","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":221,"label":"221","id":"b7-l221","source":"ληθάνει ὅσσʼ ἔπαθον, καὶ ἐνιπλησθῆναι ἀνώγει.","translation":"it makes me forget all that I have suffered, and commands me to fill it.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l221.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ληθάνει","lemma":"λανθάνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"makes forget","note":"ληθάνει: causative present of λανθάνω, 'makes (someone) forget' — governs accusative of person and thing."},{"surface":"ὅσσ","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔπαθον","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"ἔπαθον","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing πάντων","gloss":"I suffered"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνιπλησθῆναι","lemma":"ἐμπίπλημι","morphology":"aorist passive infinitive","role":"object of ἀνώγει","gloss":"to be filled"},{"surface":"ἀνώγει","lemma":"ἄνωγα","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"commands","note":"ἀνώγει: perfect-form present of ἄνωγα, 'commands/bids' — used as a simple present in epic."}]},{"number":222,"label":"222","id":"b7-l222","source":"ὑμεῖς δʼ ὀτρύνεσθαι ἅμʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφιν,","translation":"But do you bestir yourselves at the first showing of dawn,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l222.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὑμεῖς","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative plural pronoun","role":"subject of ὀτρύνεσθαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὀτρύνεσθαι","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"bestir yourselves"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"ἠοῖ","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἅμ᾽","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"φαινομένηφιν","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative singular feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"appearing","note":"φαινομένηφιν: instrumental/locative -φι ending, archaic epic case-substitute for the dative."}]},{"number":223,"label":"223","id":"b7-l223","source":"ὥς κʼ ἐμὲ τὸν δύστηνον ἐμῆς ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης","translation":"so that you may set me, luckless as I am, upon my own soil,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l223.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὥς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine article","role":"modifies δύστηνον","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"δύστηνον","lemma":"δύστηνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"object","gloss":"luckless"},{"surface":"ἐμῆς","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies πάτρης","gloss":"my own"},{"surface":"ἐπιβήσετε","lemma":"ἐπιβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὥς","gloss":"set upon","note":"ἐπιβήσετε: causative aorist subjunctive of ἐπιβαίνω, 'make (me) step onto' + genitive."},{"surface":"πάτρης","lemma":"πάτρη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπιβήσετε","gloss":"native land"}]},{"number":224,"label":"224","id":"b7-l224","source":"καί περ πολλὰ παθόντα· ἰδόντα με καὶ λίποι αἰὼν","translation":"for all I have suffered. And though I die, let life leave me once I have seen","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l224.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of παθόντα","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"παθόντα","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"having suffered"},{"surface":"ἰδόντα","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"having seen"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of λίποι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λίποι","lemma":"λείπω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let leave","note":"λίποι: optative of wish, 'may life leave me' — Odysseus says he'll accept death once home is seen."},{"surface":"αἰὼν","lemma":"αἰών","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of λίποι","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":225,"label":"225","id":"b7-l225","source":"κτῆσιν ἐμήν, δμῶάς τε καὶ ὑψερεφὲς μέγα δῶμα.","translation":"my possessions, my slaves, and my great high-roofed house.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l225.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κτῆσιν","lemma":"κτῆσις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"ἐμήν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κτῆσιν","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"δμῶάς","lemma":"δμώς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"slaves"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑψερεφὲς","lemma":"ὑψερεφής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"high-roofed"},{"surface":"μέγα","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":226,"label":"226","id":"b7-l226","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνεον ἠδʼ ἐκέλευον","translation":"So he spoke, and they all approved, and urged","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l226.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔφαθ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἔφαθ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he spoke","note":"ἔφαθ᾽: imperfect of φημί, formulaic epic line-closer marking end of a speech."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"article","role":"subject of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then, indeed"},{"surface":"πάντες","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἐπῄνεον","lemma":"ἐπαινέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"approved"},{"surface":"ἠδ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευον","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"urged"}]},{"number":227,"label":"227","id":"b7-l227","source":"πεμπέμεναι τὸν ξεῖνον, ἐπεὶ κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπεν.","translation":"that the stranger be given escort, since he had spoken fittingly.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l227.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πεμπέμεναι","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of ἐκέλευον","gloss":"be given escort","note":"Epic infinitive in -μεναι, formulaic ending common in Homer."},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine article","role":"modifies ξεῖνον","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πεμπέμεναι","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"μοῖραν","lemma":"μοῖρα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"fittingly","note":"κατὰ μοῖραν, lit. 'according to due measure' — a common Homeric formula for 'properly.'"},{"surface":"ἔειπεν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"he had spoken"}]},{"number":228,"label":"228","id":"b7-l228","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ σπεῖσάν τʼ ἔπιον θʼ ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός,","translation":"But when they had poured libations and drunk as much as their hearts desired,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l228.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"σπεῖσάν","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"they poured libations","note":"σπένδω of pouring wine to the gods before drinking, standard feast-closing ritual."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπιον","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"they drank"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὅσον","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"ἤθελε","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἔπιον","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"θυμός","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤθελε","gloss":"heart","note":"θυμός as grammatical subject of 'wished' — the heart itself desires, a common Homeric personification."}]},{"number":229,"label":"229","id":"b7-l229","source":"οἱ μὲν κακκείοντες ἔβαν οἶκόνδε ἕκαστος,","translation":"they went off to lie down, each man to his own house,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l229.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔβαν","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"κακκείοντες","lemma":"κατακείω","morphology":"future active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔβαν","gloss":"to lie down","note":"Future participle κακκείοντες expresses purpose: 'went in order to sleep,' a common Homeric idiom."},{"surface":"ἔβαν","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"οἶκόνδε","lemma":"οἶκόνδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἔβαν","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἕκαστος","lemma":"ἕκαστος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"each"}]},{"number":230,"label":"230","id":"b7-l230","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ ἐν μεγάρῳ ὑπελείπετο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς,","translation":"but in the hall there remained the noble Odysseus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l230.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάρῳ","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"hall"},{"surface":"ὑπελείπετο","lemma":"ὑπολείπω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"remained behind"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble","note":"δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, a fixed Homeric epithet-name pairing repeated throughout the poem."},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":231,"label":"231","id":"b7-l231","source":"πὰρ δέ οἱ Ἀρήτη τε καὶ Ἀλκίνοος θεοειδὴς","translation":"and beside him sat Arete and godlike Alkinoos,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l231.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to πὰρ","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"Ἀρήτη","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"θεοειδὴς","lemma":"θεοειδής","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀλκίνοος","gloss":"godlike","note":"θεοειδής, 'god-formed,' a stock epithet for kings/heroes in Homeric diction."}]},{"number":232,"label":"232","id":"b7-l232","source":"ἥσθην· ἀμφίπολοι δʼ ἀπεκόσμεον ἔντεα δαιτός.","translation":"the two of them; and the maids were clearing away the vessels of the feast.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l232.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἥσθην","title":"Dual verb for the pair","body":"Hesthen is a dual form: it denotes exactly two people seated, here Arete and Alkinoos. Homer uses the dual for natural pairs."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἥσθην","lemma":"ἧμαι","morphology":"pluperfect middle indicative, 3rd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"the two sat","note":"ἥσθην is dual number, marking exactly two subjects (Arete and Alkinoos) — a grammatical category largely lost in later Greek and in most modern IE languages, though other ancient IE languages (e.g. Sanskrit, Gothic, Old Church Slavonic) also had a dual, so it is not unique to Greek."},{"surface":"ἀμφίπολοι","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἀπεκόσμεον","gloss":"maidservants"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀπεκόσμεον","lemma":"ἀποκοσμέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were clearing away"},{"surface":"ἔντεα","lemma":"ἔντεα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἀπεκόσμεον","gloss":"vessels"},{"surface":"δαιτός","lemma":"δαίτη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἔντεα","gloss":"of the feast"}]},{"number":233,"label":"233","id":"b7-l233","source":"τοῖσιν δʼ Ἀρήτη λευκώλενος ἤρχετο μύθων·","translation":"Then white-armed Arete was the first among them to speak,","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l233.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"λευκώλενος","title":"Epithet \"white-armed\"","body":"Leukolenos, \"white-armed,\" is a recurring formulaic epithet for noble women in Homer, applied here to Arete and elsewhere to Hera and Nausicaa."}],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσιν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀρήτη","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἤρχετο","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"λευκώλενος","lemma":"λευκώλενος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀρήτη","gloss":"white-armed","note":"λευκώλενος, a recurring formulaic epithet applied to noblewomen in Homer."},{"surface":"ἤρχετο","lemma":"ἄρχω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"began speaking"},{"surface":"μύθων","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"words"}]},{"number":234,"label":"234","id":"b7-l234","source":"ἔγνω γὰρ φᾶρός τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματʼ ἰδοῦσα","translation":"for she recognized, when she saw them, the cloak and tunic, the fine garments,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l234.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔγνω","lemma":"γιγνώσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she recognized"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"φᾶρός","lemma":"φᾶρος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"cloak"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"χιτῶνά","lemma":"χιτών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"tunic"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἵματ","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἰδοῦσα","gloss":"garments"},{"surface":"ἰδοῦσα","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἔγνω","gloss":"seeing","note":"Aorist participle ἰδοῦσα: 'having seen,' the action preceding ἔγνω ('recognized')."}]},{"number":235,"label":"235","id":"b7-l235","source":"καλά, τά ῥʼ αὐτὴ τεῦξε σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξί·","translation":"which she herself had made together with her serving women.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l235.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλά","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of τεῦξε","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"αὐτὴ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"she herself"},{"surface":"τεῦξε","lemma":"τεύχω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"had made"},{"surface":"σὺν","lemma":"σύν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"ἀμφιπόλοισι","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies γυναιξί","gloss":"attendant"},{"surface":"γυναιξί","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to σὺν","gloss":"women"}]},{"number":236,"label":"236","id":"b7-l236","source":"καί μιν φωνήσασʼ ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·","translation":"And she spoke and addressed him with winged words:","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l236.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσηύδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"φωνήσασ","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to προσηύδα","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"ἔπεα","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of προσηύδα","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"πτερόεντα","lemma":"πτερόεις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔπεα","gloss":"winged","note":"ἔπεα πτερόεντα 'winged words,' the single most common Homeric speech-introducing formula."},{"surface":"προσηύδα","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"}]},{"number":237,"label":"237","id":"b7-l237","source":"ξεῖνε, τὸ μέν σε πρῶτον ἐγὼν εἰρήσομαι αὐτή·","translation":"\"Stranger, this I will ask you myself, first of all:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l237.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"τὸ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of εἰρήσομαι","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of εἰρήσομαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"πρῶτον","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to εἰρήσομαι","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of εἰρήσομαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"εἰρήσομαι","lemma":"ἔρομαι","morphology":"future indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will ask"},{"surface":"αὐτή","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"myself","note":"Emphatic αὐτή stresses that Arete herself (not another) puts the question."}]},{"number":238,"label":"238","id":"b7-l238","source":"τίς πόθεν εἰς ἀνδρῶν; τίς τοι τάδε εἵματʼ ἔδωκεν;","translation":"Who are you among men, and from where? Who gave you these garments?","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l238.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τίς","morphology":"irregular","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"πόθεν","lemma":"πόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"from where"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τίς","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"τάδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"modifies εἵματ᾽","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"εἵματ","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"garments"},{"surface":"ἔδωκεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":239,"label":"239","id":"b7-l239","source":"οὐ δὴ φῆς ἐπὶ πόντον ἀλώμενος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκέσθαι;","translation":"Did you not say you came here wandering over the sea?\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l239.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"φῆς","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"did you say"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"πόντον","lemma":"πόντος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"ἀλώμενος","lemma":"ἀλάομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"ἐνθάδ","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of φῆς","gloss":"to arrive"}]},{"number":240,"label":"240","id":"b7-l240","source":"τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις\n                  Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"Then resourceful Odysseus answered her and said:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l240.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύμητις","title":"Epithet \"of many counsels\"","body":"Polymetis, \"of many devices/counsels,\" is Odysseus's signature epithet, marking his cunning intelligence. It recurs as a formula introducing his replies."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀπαμειβόμενος","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"answering"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"πολύμητις","lemma":"πολύμητις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"resourceful","note":"πολύμητις, Odysseus's signature epithet, 'of many wiles/schemes.'"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":241,"label":"241","id":"b7-l241","source":"ἀργαλέον, βασίλεια, διηνεκέως ἀγορεῦσαι","translation":"\"It is hard, O queen, to tell from end to end","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l241.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀργαλέον","lemma":"ἀργαλέος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"βασίλεια","lemma":"βασίλεια","morphology":"vocative singular feminine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"queen"},{"surface":"διηνεκέως","lemma":"διηνεκής","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγορεῦσαι","gloss":"from end to end","note":"διηνεκέως, 'continuously, without a break' — Odysseus signals a long tale ahead."},{"surface":"ἀγορεῦσαι","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"subject","gloss":"to tell"}]},{"number":242,"label":"242","id":"b7-l242","source":"κήδεʼ, ἐπεί μοι πολλὰ δόσαν θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες·","translation":"my sorrows, since the gods of heaven have given me so many.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l242.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κήδε","lemma":"κῆδος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἀγορεῦσαι","gloss":"sorrows"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of δόσαν","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of δόσαν","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"δόσαν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of δόσαν","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Οὐρανίωνες","lemma":"Οὐρανίωνες","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies θεοὶ","gloss":"of Heaven","note":"Οὐρανίωνες, 'sons of Ouranos (Heaven)' — a periphrastic epithet for the Olympian gods."}]},{"number":243,"label":"243","id":"b7-l243","source":"τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέω ὅ μʼ ἀνείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς.","translation":"But this I will tell you, what you ask and inquire of me.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l243.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἐρέω","lemma":"ἐρῶ","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will tell"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἀνείρεαι","lemma":"ἀνέρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"you ask"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μεταλλᾷς","lemma":"μεταλλάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"inquire"}]},{"number":244,"label":"244","id":"b7-l244","source":"Ὠγυγίη τις νῆσος ἀπόπροθεν εἰν ἁλὶ κεῖται·","translation":"There is an island, Ogygia, that lies far off in the sea.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l244.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ὠγυγίη","lemma":"Ὠγυγία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Ogygia"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies νῆσος","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"νῆσος","lemma":"νῆσος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"island"},{"surface":"ἀπόπροθεν","lemma":"ἀπόπροθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κεῖται","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"εἰν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἁλὶ","lemma":"ἅλς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κεῖται","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"κεῖται","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lies"}]},{"number":245,"label":"245","id":"b7-l245","source":"ἔνθα μὲν Ἄτλαντος θυγάτηρ, δολόεσσα Καλυψὼ","translation":"There the daughter of Atlas, guileful Calypso,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l245.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ναίει","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"Ἄτλαντος","lemma":"Ἄτλας","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies θυγάτηρ","gloss":"of Atlas"},{"surface":"θυγάτηρ","lemma":"θυγάτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"δολόεσσα","lemma":"δολόεις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Καλυψὼ","gloss":"guileful","note":"δολόεσσα, 'full of tricks,' the recurring epithet marking Calypso as a schemer who detains Odysseus."},{"surface":"Καλυψὼ","lemma":"Καλυψώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Calypso"}]},{"number":246,"label":"246","id":"b7-l246","source":"ναίει ἐυπλόκαμος, δεινὴ θεός· οὐδέ τις αὐτῇ","translation":"lives, fair-tressed, a dread goddess; and no one,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l246.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"δεινὴ θεός","title":"\"Dread goddess\"","body":"Deine theos means an awesome, formidable goddess, not an evil one. The adjective conveys power that inspires fear and reverence."}],"words":[{"surface":"ναίει","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"ἐυπλόκαμος","lemma":"εὐπλόκαμος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Καλυψὼ","gloss":"fair-tressed"},{"surface":"δεινὴ","lemma":"δεινός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θεός","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"θεός","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μίσγεται","gloss":"anyone","note":"τις here is indefinite ('anyone'), part of οὐδέ τις 'and no one' spanning into the next omitted line."},{"surface":"αὐτῇ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"object of μίσγεται","gloss":"with her"}]},{"number":247,"label":"247","id":"b7-l247","source":"μίσγεται οὔτε θεῶν οὔτε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων.","translation":"neither of gods nor of mortal men, has dealings with her.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l247.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μίσγεται","lemma":"μίγνυμι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"has dealings"},{"surface":"οὔτε","lemma":"οὔτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"θεῶν","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"of gods"},{"surface":"οὔτε","lemma":"οὔτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"θνητῶν","lemma":"θνητός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνθρώπων","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":248,"label":"248","id":"b7-l248","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ τὸν δύστηνον ἐφέστιον ἤγαγε δαίμων","translation":"But a divine power brought wretched me to her hearth,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l248.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine article","role":"modifies δύστηνον","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"δύστηνον","lemma":"δύστηνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"object","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"ἐφέστιον","lemma":"ἐφέστιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"to her hearth","note":"ἐφέστιον, 'to the hearth,' picturing Odysseus arriving as a suppliant at Calypso's hearth."},{"surface":"ἤγαγε","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"δαίμων","lemma":"δαίμων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤγαγε","gloss":"a divine power"}]},{"number":249,"label":"249","id":"b7-l249","source":"οἶον, ἐπεί μοι νῆα θοὴν ἀργῆτι κεραυνῷ","translation":"alone, since with a blazing thunderbolt","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l249.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶον","lemma":"οἶος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐκέασσε","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"θοὴν","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"ἀργῆτι","lemma":"ἀργής","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies κεραυνῷ","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"κεραυνῷ","lemma":"κεραυνός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐκέασσε","gloss":"thunderbolt"}]},{"number":250,"label":"250","id":"b7-l250","source":"Ζεὺς ἔλσας ἐκέασσε μέσῳ ἐνὶ οἴνοπι πόντῳ.","translation":"Zeus struck my swift ship and shattered it in the midst of the wine-dark sea.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l250.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"οἴνοπι πόντῳ","title":"Epithet \"wine-dark sea\"","body":"Oinops pontos, \"wine-faced/wine-dark sea,\" is a famous Homeric color-epithet. Here it appears in the dative case with the preposition en."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐκέασσε","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"ἔλσας","lemma":"εἴλω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐκέασσε","gloss":"driving together","note":"ἔλσας, 'having pent/driven together' (the storm winds), before Zeus splits the ship."},{"surface":"ἐκέασσε","lemma":"κεάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"split"},{"surface":"μέσῳ","lemma":"μέσος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πόντῳ","gloss":"midst"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴνοπι","lemma":"οἶνοψ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies πόντῳ","gloss":"wine-dark","note":"οἴνοψ πόντος, 'wine-faced sea,' the famous Homeric color epithet for the sea."},{"surface":"πόντῳ","lemma":"πόντος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":251,"label":"251","id":"b7-l251","source":"ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἀπέφθιθεν ἐσθλοὶ ἑταῖροι,","translation":"There all my other brave companions perished,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l251.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπέφθιθεν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἄλλοι","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταῖροι","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"πάντες","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀπέφθιθεν","lemma":"ἀποφθίνω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"perished"},{"surface":"ἐσθλοὶ","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταῖροι","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"ἑταῖροι","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἀπέφθιθεν","gloss":"companions"}]},{"number":252,"label":"252","id":"b7-l252","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ τρόπιν ἀγκὰς ἑλὼν νεὸς ἀμφιελίσσης","translation":"but I, taking in my arms the keel of my curved ship,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l252.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of φερόμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τρόπιν","lemma":"τρόπις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἑλὼν","gloss":"keel"},{"surface":"ἀγκὰς","lemma":"ἀγκάς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἑλὼν","gloss":"in my arms","note":"ἀγκάς, 'in the arms,' a rare adverb vivid for clutching the keel like an embrace."},{"surface":"ἑλὼν","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to φερόμην","gloss":"seizing"},{"surface":"νεὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies τρόπιν","gloss":"of the ship"},{"surface":"ἀμφιελίσσης","lemma":"ἀμφιέλισσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies νεὸς","gloss":"curved on both sides","note":"ἀμφιέλισσα, a standing Homeric epithet for ships, 'curved at both ends.'"}]},{"number":253,"label":"253","id":"b7-l253","source":"ἐννῆμαρ φερόμην· δεκάτῃ δέ με νυκτὶ μελαίνῃ","translation":"was carried for nine days; and on the tenth, in the black night,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l253.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐννῆμαρ","lemma":"ἐννῆμαρ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φερόμην","gloss":"nine days","note":"ἐννῆμαρ, a fixed epic numeral-adverb; 'nine days and nights' is a formulaic span for ordeals in Homer."},{"surface":"φερόμην","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I was carried"},{"surface":"δεκάτῃ","lemma":"δέκατος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νυκτὶ","gloss":"tenth"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πέλασαν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"νυκτὶ","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to πέλασαν","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"μελαίνῃ","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νυκτὶ","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":254,"label":"254","id":"b7-l254","source":"νῆσον ἐς Ὠγυγίην πέλασαν θεοί, ἔνθα Καλυψὼ","translation":"the gods brought me near the island of Ogygia, where Calypso","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l254.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῆσον","lemma":"νῆσος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"island"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Ὠγυγίην","lemma":"ʼὠγυγία","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies νῆσον","gloss":"Ogygia"},{"surface":"πέλασαν","lemma":"πελάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"brought near"},{"surface":"θεοί","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of πέλασαν","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ναίει","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"Καλυψὼ","lemma":"Καλυψώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Calypso"}]},{"number":255,"label":"255","id":"b7-l255","source":"ναίει ἐυπλόκαμος, δεινὴ θεός, ἥ με λαβοῦσα","translation":"lives, fair-tressed, a dread goddess, who took me in","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l255.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ναίει","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing νῆσον","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"ἐυπλόκαμος","lemma":"εὐπλόκαμος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Καλυψὼ","gloss":"fair-tressed"},{"surface":"δεινὴ","lemma":"δεινός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θεός","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"θεός","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἠδὲ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐφίλει","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"λαβοῦσα","lemma":"λαμβάνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἠδὲ","gloss":"taking in","note":"λαβοῦσα, aorist participle 'having taken (me) in,' sets up the following clause of Calypso's care."}]},{"number":256,"label":"256","id":"b7-l256","source":"ἐνδυκέως ἐφίλει τε καὶ ἔτρεφεν ἠδὲ ἔφασκε","translation":"and tended me kindly and cherished me, and kept saying","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l256.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐφίλει ... ἔτρεφεν ... ἔφασκε","title":"Imperfects of ongoing care","body":"These three imperfect verbs describe repeated, continuous action over time: she kept loving, nourishing, and saying. The imperfect aspect paints the duration of Calypso's care."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐνδυκέως","lemma":"ἐνδυκέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐφίλει","gloss":"kindly, tenderly","note":"epic adverb, sets warm domestic tone before verbs of care"},{"surface":"ἐφίλει","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"she loved/tended"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔτρεφεν","lemma":"τρέφω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"she nourished","note":"plain imperfect (not a -σκον iterative form); durative sense 'kept feeding/raising' fits Calypso's ongoing care"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔφασκε","lemma":"φάσκω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"she kept saying"}]},{"number":257,"label":"257","id":"b7-l257","source":"θήσειν ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀγήραον ἤματα πάντα·","translation":"she would make me immortal and ageless for all my days;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l257.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θήσειν","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"future active infinitive","role":"object of ἔφασκε","gloss":"to make (me)","note":"future infinitive after ἔφασκε reports Calypso's promised future act"},{"surface":"ἀθάνατον","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"complement of καὶ","gloss":"immortal"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀγήραον","lemma":"ἀγήραος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"complement of καὶ","gloss":"ageless"},{"surface":"ἤματα","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἤματα","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":258,"label":"258","id":"b7-l258","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐμὸν οὔ ποτε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔπειθεν.","translation":"but never did she persuade the heart in my breast.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l258.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐμὸν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θυμὸν","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not","note":"οὔ ποτε 'never' splits emphatic negation across two words, epic style"},{"surface":"ποτε","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἔπειθεν","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"θυμὸν","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔπειθεν","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"στήθεσσιν","lemma":"στῆθος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"ἔπειθεν","lemma":"πείθω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she persuaded"}]},{"number":259,"label":"259","id":"b7-l259","source":"ἔνθα μὲν ἑπτάετες μένον ἔμπεδον, εἵματα δʼ αἰεὶ","translation":"There I stayed seven years unbroken, and ever with my tears","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l259.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μένον","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(marks contrast)"},{"surface":"ἑπτάετες","lemma":"ἑπταέτης","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to μένον","gloss":"seven years","note":"numeral adjective ἑπτάετης used adverbially, 'for seven years'"},{"surface":"μένον","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I remained"},{"surface":"ἔμπεδον","lemma":"ἔμπεδος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to μένον","gloss":"steadfastly"},{"surface":"εἵματα","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of δεύεσκον","gloss":"clothes","note":"object of δεύεσκον in the next line, straddling the sentence break"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δεύεσκον","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":260,"label":"260","id":"b7-l260","source":"δάκρυσι δεύεσκον, τά μοι ἄμβροτα δῶκε Καλυψώ·","translation":"I would wet the immortal clothes that Calypso had given me.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l260.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δάκρυσι","lemma":"δάκρυον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to δεύεσκον","gloss":"with tears"},{"surface":"δεύεσκον","lemma":"δεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would wet","note":"-σκον iterative imperfect: habitual weeping night after night on Ogygia"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of δῶκε","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of δῶκε","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἄμβροτα","lemma":"ἄμβροτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies τά","gloss":"immortal"},{"surface":"δῶκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing εἵματα","gloss":"she gave"},{"surface":"Καλυψώ","lemma":"Καλυψώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of δῶκε","gloss":"Calypso"}]},{"number":261,"label":"261","id":"b7-l261","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ὀγδόατόν μοι ἐπιπλόμενον ἔτος ἦλθεν,","translation":"But when the eighth year came round upon me in its turn,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l261.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ὀγδόατόν","lemma":"ὀγδόατος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔτος","gloss":"eighth"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἦλθεν","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἐπιπλόμενον","lemma":"ἐπιπέλομαι","morphology":"present middle participle, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifies ἔτος","gloss":"revolving","note":"present participle of ἐπιπέλομαι, 'coming round again' - cyclical time in epic"},{"surface":"ἔτος","lemma":"ἔτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἦλθεν","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"ἦλθεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"came"}]},{"number":262,"label":"262","id":"b7-l262","source":"καὶ τότε δή μʼ ἐκέλευσεν ἐποτρύνουσα νέεσθαι","translation":"then she urged and commanded me to depart,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l262.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of νέεσθαι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσεν","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she urged/commanded"},{"surface":"ἐποτρύνουσα","lemma":"ἐποτρύνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"urging on"},{"surface":"νέεσθαι","lemma":"νέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"to go home","note":"νέεσθαι = 'return home', not just 'go'; key word for the nostos theme"}]},{"number":263,"label":"263","id":"b7-l263","source":"Ζηνὸς ὑπʼ ἀγγελίης, ἢ καὶ νόος ἐτράπετʼ αὐτῆς.","translation":"by message of Zeus, or else her own mind had changed.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l263.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ζηνὸς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀγγελίης","gloss":"of Zeus"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"by/at"},{"surface":"ἀγγελίης","lemma":"ἀγγελία","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπ᾽","gloss":"message"},{"surface":"ἢ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"νόος","lemma":"νόος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐτράπετ᾽","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"ἐτράπετ","lemma":"τρέπω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἢ","gloss":"turned/changed","note":"middle voice τρέπω: 'her own mind changed itself' - self-caused shift"},{"surface":"αὐτῆς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νόος","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":264,"label":"264","id":"b7-l264","source":"πέμπε δʼ ἐπὶ σχεδίης πολυδέσμου, πολλὰ δʼ ἔδωκε,","translation":"She sent me off on a raft bound with many fastenings, and gave me much:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l264.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πέμπε","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she sent"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"σχεδίης","lemma":"σχεδία","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"raft"},{"surface":"πολυδέσμου","lemma":"πολύδεσμος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies σχεδίης","gloss":"many-fastened","note":"epithet compound describing the raft's many lashed timbers, cf. Book 5's build scene"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ,","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔδωκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she gave"}]},{"number":265,"label":"265","id":"b7-l265","source":"σῖτον καὶ μέθυ ἡδύ, καὶ ἄμβροτα εἵματα ἕσσεν,","translation":"bread and sweet wine, and she clothed me in immortal garments,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l265.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σῖτον","lemma":"σῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"bread/grain"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέθυ","lemma":"μέθυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"ἡδύ","lemma":"ἡδύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies μέθυ","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄμβροτα","lemma":"ἄμβροτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies εἵματα","gloss":"immortal"},{"surface":"εἵματα","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἕσσεν","gloss":"garments"},{"surface":"ἕσσεν","lemma":"ἕννυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she clothed (me)"}]},{"number":266,"label":"266","id":"b7-l266","source":"οὖρον δὲ προέηκεν ἀπήμονά τε λιαρόν τε.","translation":"and sent forth a wind, gentle and warm.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l266.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὖρον","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of προέηκεν","gloss":"a wind"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προέηκεν","lemma":"προίημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she sent forth","note":"προίημι compound, vivid for a goddess dispatching favorable wind"},{"surface":"ἀπήμονά","lemma":"ἀπήμων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"harmless"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λιαρόν","lemma":"λιαρός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":267,"label":"267","id":"b7-l267","source":"ἑπτὰ δὲ καὶ δέκα μὲν πλέον ἤματα ποντοπορεύων,","translation":"Seventeen days I sailed, traversing the sea,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l267.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἑπτὰ","lemma":"ἑπτά","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δέκα","lemma":"δέκα","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"ten","note":"ἑπτὰ...καὶ δέκα = seventeen, numeral split across the line in epic fashion"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(marks contrast)"},{"surface":"πλέον","lemma":"πλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I sailed"},{"surface":"ἤματα","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to πλέον","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"ποντοπορεύων","lemma":"ποντοπορεύω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to πλέον","gloss":"sea-faring"}]},{"number":268,"label":"268","id":"b7-l268","source":"ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ δʼ ἐφάνη ὄρεα σκιόεντα","translation":"and on the eighteenth there appeared the shadowy mountains","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l268.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ","lemma":"ὀκτωκαιδέκατος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on the eighteenth (day)"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐφάνη","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"appeared"},{"surface":"ὄρεα","lemma":"ὄρος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of ἐφάνη","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"σκιόεντα","lemma":"σκιόεις","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὄρεα","gloss":"shadowy","note":"σκιόεις, formulaic epithet for distant mountains sighted from the sea"}]},{"number":269,"label":"269","id":"b7-l269","source":"γαίης ὑμετέρης, γήθησε δέ μοι φίλον ἦτορ","translation":"of your land, and my dear heart rejoiced,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l269.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"γαίης","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ὄρεα","gloss":"of the land"},{"surface":"ὑμετέρης","lemma":"ὑμέτερος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαίης","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"γήθησε","lemma":"γηθέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it rejoiced"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἦτορ","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἦτορ","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"ἦτορ","lemma":"ἦτορ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of γήθησε","gloss":"heart","note":"φίλον ἦτορ, common Homeric formula for one's own heart/spirit"}]},{"number":270,"label":"270","id":"b7-l270","source":"δυσμόρῳ· ἦ γὰρ ἔμελλον ἔτι ξυνέσεσθαι ὀιζυῖ","translation":"ill-fated as I was; for I was still to meet with great","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l270.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δυσμόρῳ","lemma":"δύσμορος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"ill-fated","note":"dative of the sufferer, agreeing with the speaker (Odysseus) - bitter irony after joy"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἔμελλον","lemma":"μέλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I was destined"},{"surface":"ἔτι","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ξυνέσεσθαι","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ξυνέσεσθαι","lemma":"σύνειμι","morphology":"future middle infinitive","role":"object of ἔμελλον","gloss":"to meet with"},{"surface":"ὀιζυῖ","lemma":"ὀιζύς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ξυνέσεσθαι","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":271,"label":"271","id":"b7-l271","source":"πολλῇ, τήν μοι ἐπῶρσε Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων,","translation":"misery, which Poseidon the earth-shaker stirred up against me,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l271.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐνοσίχθων","title":"Epithet \"earth-shaker\"","body":"Enosichthon, \"earth-shaker,\" is Poseidon's standard epithet, marking his power over earthquakes and the sea. It is a fixed formulaic phrase."}],"words":[{"surface":"πολλῇ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ὀιζυῖ","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"τήν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπῶρσε","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπῶρσε","gloss":"upon me"},{"surface":"ἐπῶρσε","lemma":"ἐπόρνυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ὀιζυῖ","gloss":"stirred up"},{"surface":"Ποσειδάων","lemma":"Ποσειδεών","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐπῶρσε","gloss":"Poseidon"},{"surface":"ἐνοσίχθων","lemma":"Ἐνοσίχθων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ποσειδάων","gloss":"Earth-shaker","note":"cult epithet Ἐνοσίχθων in apposition to Poseidon, marking his power over sea and land"}]},{"number":272,"label":"272","id":"b7-l272","source":"ὅς μοι ἐφορμήσας ἀνέμους κατέδησε κέλευθον,","translation":"who set the winds upon me and barred my way,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l272.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐφορμήσας","gloss":"against me"},{"surface":"ἐφορμήσας","lemma":"ἐφορμάω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέδησε","gloss":"driving on","note":"aorist participle, causal: 'by setting the winds on me'"},{"surface":"ἀνέμους","lemma":"ἄνεμος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐφορμήσας","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"κατέδησε","lemma":"καταδέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δὲ","gloss":"he bound up","note":"καταδέω 'bind down/block' - vivid metaphor for Poseidon barring the sea-path"},{"surface":"κέλευθον","lemma":"κέλευθος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of κατέδησε","gloss":"my path"}]},{"number":273,"label":"273","id":"b7-l273","source":"ὤρινεν δὲ θάλασσαν ἀθέσφατον, οὐδέ τι κῦμα","translation":"and roused the sea past all telling, nor did the wave","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l273.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὤρινεν","lemma":"ὀρίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δέ","gloss":"he roused"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θάλασσαν","lemma":"θάλασσα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ὤρινεν","gloss":"the sea"},{"surface":"ἀθέσφατον","lemma":"ἀθέσφατος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θάλασσαν","gloss":"unspeakable","note":"ἀθέσφατος 'beyond telling', epic hyperbole for the storm's scale"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to εἴα","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"κῦμα","lemma":"κῦμα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of εἴα","gloss":"wave"}]},{"number":274,"label":"274","id":"b7-l274","source":"εἴα ἐπὶ σχεδίης ἁδινὰ στενάχοντα φέρεσθαι.","translation":"let me, groaning bitterly, be carried along upon my raft.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l274.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴα","lemma":"ἐάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let (me)"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"σχεδίης","lemma":"σχεδία","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"raft"},{"surface":"ἁδινὰ","lemma":"ἁδινός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to στενάχοντα","gloss":"heavily","note":"ἁδινός modifying the groaning, 'thick and constant' - intensifies his lament"},{"surface":"στενάχοντα","lemma":"στενάχω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"groaning"},{"surface":"φέρεσθαι","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of εἴα","gloss":"be carried"}]},{"number":275,"label":"275","id":"b7-l275","source":"τὴν μὲν ἔπειτα θύελλα διεσκέδασʼ· αὐτὰρ ἐγώ γε","translation":"Then the storm scattered it; but I,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l275.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of διεσκέδασ᾽","gloss":"it (the raft)"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(marks contrast)"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to διεσκέδασ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"θύελλα","lemma":"θύελλα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of διεσκέδασ᾽","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"διεσκέδασ","lemma":"διασκεδάννυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of διέτμαγον","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed","note":"ἐγώ γε emphatic 'as for me', pivoting narrative focus to Odysseus alone"}]},{"number":276,"label":"276","id":"b7-l276","source":"νηχόμενος τόδε λαῖτμα διέτμαγον, ὄφρα με γαίῃ","translation":"swimming, cut through this gulf, until the wind","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l276.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηχόμενος","lemma":"νήχω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to διέτμαγον","gloss":"swimming"},{"surface":"τόδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies λαῖτμα","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"λαῖτμα","lemma":"λαῖτμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of διέτμαγον","gloss":"gulf/deep"},{"surface":"διέτμαγον","lemma":"διατμήγω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I cut through","note":"διατμήγω, vivid verb of cleaving the sea while swimming"},{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"γαίῃ","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"to land"}]},{"number":277,"label":"277","id":"b7-l277","source":"ὑμετέρῃ ἐπέλασσε φέρων ἄνεμός τε καὶ ὕδωρ.","translation":"and the water bore me on and brought me near your land.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l277.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὑμετέρῃ","lemma":"ὑμέτερος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαίῃ","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ἐπέλασσε","lemma":"πελάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"brought near"},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"bearing (me)"},{"surface":"ἄνεμός","lemma":"ἄνεμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὕδωρ","lemma":"ὕδωρ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"water/current"}]},{"number":278,"label":"278","id":"b7-l278","source":"ἔνθα κέ μʼ ἐκβαίνοντα βιήσατο κῦμʼ ἐπὶ χέρσου,","translation":"There, as I tried to come ashore, the wave would have overwhelmed me on the dry land,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l278.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βιήσατο","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"κέ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would have","note":"κε + aorist indicative = unreal past potential, 'the wave would have overwhelmed me'"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of βιήσατο","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἐκβαίνοντα","lemma":"ἐκβαίνω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"stepping ashore"},{"surface":"βιήσατο","lemma":"βιάω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"overwhelmed"},{"surface":"κῦμ","lemma":"κῦμα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of βιήσατο","gloss":"wave"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"χέρσου","lemma":"χέρσος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"dry land"}]},{"number":279,"label":"279","id":"b7-l279","source":"πέτρῃς πρὸς μεγάλῃσι βαλὸν καὶ ἀτερπέι χώρῳ·","translation":"flinging me against the great rocks in a dismal place;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l279.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πέτρῃς","lemma":"πέτρα","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"rocks"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"μεγάλῃσι","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies πέτρῃς","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"βαλὸν","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular neuter","role":"adverbial to βιήσατο","gloss":"dashing (me)","note":"aorist participle continuing βιήσατο, 'having flung me' against the rocks"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀτερπέι","lemma":"ἀτερπής","morphology":"dative singular adjective","role":"modifies χώρῳ","gloss":"joyless"},{"surface":"χώρῳ","lemma":"χῶρος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"place"}]},{"number":280,"label":"280","id":"b7-l280","source":"ἀλλʼ ἀναχασσάμενος νῆχον πάλιν, ἧος ἐπῆλθον","translation":"but I drew back and swam again, until I came","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l280.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἀναχασσάμενος","lemma":"ἀναχάζω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to νῆχον","gloss":"drawing back","note":"aorist middle participle, self-directed 'having pulled myself back'"},{"surface":"νῆχον","lemma":"νήχω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I swam"},{"surface":"πάλιν","lemma":"πάλιν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to νῆχον","gloss":"back/again"},{"surface":"ἧος","lemma":"ἕως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ἐπῆλθον","lemma":"ἐπέρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἧος","gloss":"I came to"}]},{"number":281,"label":"281","id":"b7-l281","source":"ἐς ποταμόν, τῇ δή μοι ἐείσατο χῶρος ἄριστος,","translation":"to a river, where the ground seemed best to me,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l281.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ποταμόν","lemma":"ποταμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"a river"},{"surface":"τῇ","lemma":"τῇ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐείσατο","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἐείσατο","lemma":"εἴδομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"it seemed"},{"surface":"χῶρος","lemma":"χῶρος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐείσατο","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"ἄριστος","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"best","note":"predicate adjective ἄριστος, superlative describing the river-mouth landing spot"}]},{"number":282,"label":"282","id":"b7-l282","source":"λεῖος πετράων, καὶ ἐπὶ σκέπας ἦν ἀνέμοιο.","translation":"smooth and free of rocks, and there was shelter from the wind.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l282.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λεῖος","lemma":"λεῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"smooth"},{"surface":"πετράων","lemma":"πέτρα","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies λεῖος","gloss":"of rocks","note":"genitive of separation, 'free from rocks' with λεῖος"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"σκέπας","lemma":"σκέπας","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἦν","gloss":"shelter"},{"surface":"ἦν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"there was"},{"surface":"ἀνέμοιο","lemma":"ἄνεμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies σκέπας","gloss":"of wind"}]},{"number":283,"label":"283","id":"b7-l283","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἔπεσον θυμηγερέων, ἐπὶ δʼ ἀμβροσίη νὺξ","translation":"I struggled out, gathering my strength, and immortal night","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l283.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπεσον","lemma":"πίπτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I fell/collapsed"},{"surface":"θυμηγερέων","lemma":"θυμηγερέων","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔπεσον","gloss":"gathering breath","note":"θυμηγερέων, rare compound participle 'recovering one's spirit' after exhaustion"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(marks contrast)"},{"surface":"ἀμβροσίη","lemma":"ἀμβρόσιος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νὺξ","gloss":"ambrosial","note":"ἀμβρόσιος 'divine, immortal' - formulaic epithet for Night in Homer"},{"surface":"νὺξ","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἤλυθ᾽","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":284,"label":"284","id":"b7-l284","source":"ἤλυθʼ. ἐγὼ δʼ ἀπάνευθε διιπετέος ποταμοῖο","translation":"came on. Then I, away from the heaven-fed river,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l284.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"διιπετέος","title":"\"Heaven-fed\" river","body":"Diipetes describes a river as \"fallen from Zeus,\" i.e. fed by rain from the sky. It is a traditional epithet for rivers in Homer."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἤλυθ","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came","note":"Epic aorist ἤλυθ(ε) from ἔρχομαι, common alternate stem in Homer beside ἦλθε."},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κατέδραθον","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and/then"},{"surface":"ἀπάνευθε","lemma":"ἀπάνευθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition","gloss":"away from"},{"surface":"διιπετέος","lemma":"Διιπετής","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ποταμοῖο","gloss":"heaven-fed","note":"Διιπετής 'fallen from Zeus/sky', a formulaic epithet for great rivers."},{"surface":"ποταμοῖο","lemma":"ποταμός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀπάνευθε","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":285,"label":"285","id":"b7-l285","source":"ἐκβὰς ἐν θάμνοισι κατέδραθον, ἀμφὶ δὲ φύλλα","translation":"having climbed out, lay down to sleep in the bushes, and around me leaves","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l285.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκβὰς","lemma":"ἐκβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέδραθον","gloss":"having climbed out"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θάμνοισι","lemma":"θάμνος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"bushes"},{"surface":"κατέδραθον","lemma":"καταδαρθάνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay down to sleep","note":"καταδαρθάνω, from κατά + δαρθάνω 'to sleep'; used for 'fall asleep' in Homer and later Attic prose/comedy alike, not a mainly-Homeric word."},{"surface":"ἀμφὶ","lemma":"ἀμφί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φύλλα","lemma":"φύλλον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἠφυσάμην","gloss":"leaves"}]},{"number":286,"label":"286","id":"b7-l286","source":"ἠφυσάμην· ὕπνον δὲ θεὸς κατʼ ἀπείρονα χεῦεν.","translation":"I heaped; and a god poured boundless sleep over me.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l286.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠφυσάμην","lemma":"ἀφύσσω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I heaped up","note":"ἀφύσσω properly 'draw/scoop', vivid for gathering leaves as bedding."},{"surface":"ὕπνον","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of χεῦεν","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θεὸς","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of χεῦεν","gloss":"a god"},{"surface":"κατ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"ἀπείρονα","lemma":"ἀπείρων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνον","gloss":"boundless"},{"surface":"χεῦεν","lemma":"χέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"poured","note":"χεῦεν, imperfect of χέω, epic image of sleep 'poured' over someone."}]},{"number":287,"label":"287","id":"b7-l287","source":"ἔνθα μὲν ἐν φύλλοισι φίλον τετιημένος ἦτορ","translation":"There among the leaves, with my dear heart grieved,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l287.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εὗδον","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"φύλλοισι","lemma":"φύλλον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἦτορ","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"τετιημένος","lemma":"τετίημαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εὗδον","gloss":"grieved","note":"τετιημένος, perfect participle 'having been distressed', governs accusative ἦτορ (respect)."},{"surface":"ἦτορ","lemma":"ἦτορ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of τετιημένος","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":288,"label":"288","id":"b7-l288","source":"εὗδον παννύχιος καὶ ἐπʼ ἠῶ καὶ μέσον ἦμαρ.","translation":"I slept all night long, and through the dawn and to midday.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l288.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὗδον","lemma":"εὕδω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I slept"},{"surface":"παννύχιος","lemma":"παννύχιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"all night long","note":"παννύχιος, adjective used adverbially describing the subject's whole-night state."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through/to"},{"surface":"ἠῶ","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέσον","lemma":"μέσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἦμαρ","gloss":"midday"},{"surface":"ἦμαρ","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":289,"label":"289","id":"b7-l289","source":"δείλετό τʼ ἠέλιος καί με γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν.","translation":"The sun was sinking when sweet sleep released me.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l289.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δείλετό","lemma":"δείλομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was sinking","note":"δείλομαι, rare verb for the sun setting; middle voice."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠέλιος","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δείλετό","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀνῆκεν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"γλυκὺς","lemma":"γλυκύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνος","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"ὕπνος","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἀνῆκεν","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"ἀνῆκεν","lemma":"ἀνίημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"released","note":"ἀνῆκεν from ἀνίημι, literally 'let go up/released', sleep letting the sleeper go."}]},{"number":290,"label":"290","id":"b7-l290","source":"ἀμφιπόλους δʼ ἐπὶ θινὶ τεῆς ἐνόησα θυγατρὸς","translation":"And on the shore I noticed the serving maids of your daughter","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l290.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀμφιπόλους","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"object of ἐνόησα","gloss":"serving maids"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"θινὶ","lemma":"θίς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"τεῆς","lemma":"τεός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θυγατρὸς","gloss":"your","note":"τεῆς, epic possessive form of σός/τεός 'your', archaic beside classical σή."},{"surface":"ἐνόησα","lemma":"νοέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I noticed"},{"surface":"θυγατρὸς","lemma":"θυγάτηρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀμφιπόλους","gloss":"daughter"}]},{"number":291,"label":"291","id":"b7-l291","source":"παιζούσας, ἐν δʼ αὐτὴ ἔην ἐικυῖα θεῇσι·","translation":"at play, and among them she herself, like the goddesses.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l291.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παιζούσας","lemma":"παίζω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative plural feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"playing"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"among them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐτὴ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἔην","gloss":"she herself"},{"surface":"ἔην","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ἐικυῖα","lemma":"εἰκός","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἔην","gloss":"like","note":"ἐικυῖα, perfect participle of ἔοικα 'resemble', governs dative θεῇσι 'to the goddesses'."},{"surface":"θεῇσι","lemma":"θεά","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐικυῖα","gloss":"goddesses"}]},{"number":292,"label":"292","id":"b7-l292","source":"τὴν ἱκέτευσʼ· ἡ δʼ οὔ τι νοήματος ἤμβροτεν ἐσθλοῦ,","translation":"I made my plea to her; and she in no way failed of good judgment,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l292.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἱκέτευσ᾽","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ἱκέτευσ","lemma":"ἱκετεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I made my plea"},{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἤμβροτεν","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἤμβροτεν","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"νοήματος","lemma":"νόημα","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἤμβροτεν","gloss":"of judgment"},{"surface":"ἤμβροτεν","lemma":"ἁμαρτάνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"failed","note":"ἤμβροτεν from ἁμαρτάνω 'miss/fail', takes genitive νοήματος 'of good sense'."},{"surface":"ἐσθλοῦ","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"genitive singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies νοήματος","gloss":"good"}]},{"number":293,"label":"293","id":"b7-l293","source":"ὡς οὐκ ἂν ἔλποιο νεώτερον ἀντιάσαντα","translation":"such as you would not expect a younger person, meeting you,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l293.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial to ἔλποιο","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἂν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ἔλποιο","lemma":"ἔλπω","morphology":"present medio-passive optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἤμβροτεν","gloss":"expect","note":"ἔλποιο, optative with ἄν = potential 'you would expect', 2nd person middle."},{"surface":"νεώτερον","lemma":"νέος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine comparative adjective","role":"subject of ἐρξέμεν","gloss":"a younger person"},{"surface":"ἀντιάσαντα","lemma":"ἀντιάζω","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"meeting"}]},{"number":294,"label":"294","id":"b7-l294","source":"ἐρξέμεν· αἰεὶ γάρ τε νεώτεροι ἀφραδέουσιν.","translation":"to show; for the young are always thoughtless.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l294.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἀφραδέουσιν","title":"\"They are thoughtless\"","body":"Aphradeo means to lack sense or prudence, to act without forethought. Odysseus gently excuses the young as naturally heedless."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐρξέμεν","lemma":"ἔρδω","morphology":"future active infinitive","role":"object of ἔλποιο","gloss":"to do","note":"ἐρξέμεν, epic future infinitive of ἔρδω 'do/act'."},{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀφραδέουσιν","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"νεώτεροι","lemma":"νέος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine comparative adjective","role":"subject of ἀφραδέουσιν","gloss":"younger ones"},{"surface":"ἀφραδέουσιν","lemma":"ἀφραδέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are thoughtless"}]},{"number":295,"label":"295","id":"b7-l295","source":"ἥ μοι σῖτον ἔδωκεν ἅλις ἠδʼ αἴθοπα οἶνον","translation":"She gave me bread in plenty and sparkling wine,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l295.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of καί","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκεν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"σῖτον","lemma":"σῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"ἔδωκεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"ἅλις","lemma":"ἅλις","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔδωκεν","gloss":"in plenty"},{"surface":"ἠδ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἴθοπα","lemma":"αἶθοψ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἶνον","gloss":"sparkling","note":"αἴθοψ literally 'fire-gleaming', a standing epithet for wine."},{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"wine"}]},{"number":296,"label":"296","id":"b7-l296","source":"καὶ λοῦσʼ ἐν ποταμῷ καί μοι τάδε εἵματʼ ἔδωκε.","translation":"and bathed me in the river and gave me these garments.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l296.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λοῦσ","lemma":"λούω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bathed"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ποταμῷ","lemma":"ποταμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"τάδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"modifies εἵματ᾽","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"εἵματ","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"garments"},{"surface":"ἔδωκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":297,"label":"297","id":"b7-l297","source":"ταῦτά τοι ἀχνύμενός περ ἀληθείην κατέλεξα.","translation":"This, grieved though I am, I have told you in truth.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l297.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ταῦτά","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of κατέλεξα","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of κατέλεξα","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἀχνύμενός","lemma":"ἀχεύω","morphology":"present passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέλεξα","gloss":"grieved","note":"ἀχνύμενος + περ = concessive 'though grieving', a common epic idiom."},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"ἀληθείην","lemma":"ἀλήθεια","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"the truth"},{"surface":"κατέλεξα","lemma":"καταλέγω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I have told"}]},{"number":298,"label":"298","id":"b7-l298","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀλκίνοος ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε·","translation":"Then Alkinoos answered him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l298.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀπαμείβετο","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτ","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"ἀπαμείβετο","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"φώνησέν","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"and spoke","note":"ἀπαμείβετο...φώνησέν τε is a recurring Homeric speech-formula pairing two verbs of speaking."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":299,"label":"299","id":"b7-l299","source":"ξεῖνʼ, ἦ τοι μὲν τοῦτο γʼ ἐναίσιμον οὐκ ἐνόησε","translation":"\"Stranger, in this at least my child did not judge what was fitting,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l299.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖν","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger","note":"Vocative ξεῖν(ε) with elided ε before vowel, standard epic address to a guest."},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐνόησε","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"ἐναίσιμον","lemma":"ἐναίσιμος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἐνόησε","gloss":"fitting"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἐνόησε","lemma":"νοέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"judged"}]},{"number":300,"label":"300","id":"b7-l300","source":"παῖς ἐμή, οὕνεκά σʼ οὔ τι μετʼ ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξὶν","translation":"in that she did not bring you, with her serving women,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l300.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παῖς","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἐνόησε","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"ἐμή","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies παῖς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"οὕνεκά","lemma":"οὕνεκα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"in that","note":"οὕνεκα introduces the causal clause explaining Alkinoos's earlier statement."},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἦγεν","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἦγεν","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"μετ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ἀμφιπόλοισι","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies γυναιξὶν","gloss":"serving"},{"surface":"γυναιξὶν","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to μετ᾽","gloss":"women"}]},{"number":301,"label":"301","id":"b7-l301","source":"ἦγεν ἐς ἡμέτερον, σὺ δʼ ἄρα πρώτην ἱκέτευσας.","translation":"to our house; yet it was to her you first made your plea.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l301.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦγεν","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"bring/lead"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἡμέτερον","lemma":"ἡμέτερος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"our house"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἱκέτευσας","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πρώτην","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ἱκέτευσας","lemma":"ἱκετεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"made your plea"}]},{"number":302,"label":"302","id":"b7-l302","source":"τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις\n                  Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"Then resourceful Odysseus answered him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l302.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀπαμειβόμενος","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"answering"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"πολύμητις","lemma":"πολύμητις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"resourceful","note":"πολύμητις 'of many wiles', Odysseus's standard epithet emphasizing his cunning intelligence."},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":303,"label":"303","id":"b7-l303","source":"ἥρως, μή τοι τοὔνεκʼ ἀμύμονα νείκεε κούρην·","translation":"\"Hero, do not for this reproach the blameless girl;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l303.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"νείκεε","title":"Negative imperative","body":"Me ... neikee is a prohibition: \"do not reproach.\" Homer forms the negative command with me plus the imperative."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"hero","note":"Vocative address, honorific term used for a noble like Alkinoos."},{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοὔνεκ","lemma":"τοὔνεκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to νείκεε","gloss":"for this"},{"surface":"ἀμύμονα","lemma":"ἀμύμων","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κούρην","gloss":"blameless"},{"surface":"νείκεε","lemma":"νεικέω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"reproach","note":"νείκεε, present imperative 'do not reproach', with μή for prohibition."},{"surface":"κούρην","lemma":"κόρη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of νείκεε","gloss":"girl"}]},{"number":304,"label":"304","id":"b7-l304","source":"ἡ μὲν γάρ μʼ ἐκέλευε σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισιν ἕπεσθαι,","translation":"for she did indeed bid me follow along with her maids,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l304.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐκέλευε","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἕπεσθαι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευε","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bid"},{"surface":"σὺν","lemma":"σύν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ἀμφιπόλοισιν","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"adverbial to σὺν","gloss":"maids"},{"surface":"ἕπεσθαι","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐκέλευε","gloss":"to follow"}]},{"number":305,"label":"305","id":"b7-l305","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ ἔθελον δείσας αἰσχυνόμενός τε,","translation":"but I would not, out of fear and shame,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l305.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔθελον","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἔθελον","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was willing"},{"surface":"δείσας","lemma":"δείδω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"fearing"},{"surface":"αἰσχυνόμενός","lemma":"αἰσχύνω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"feeling shame"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and","note":"Two participles δείσας/αἰσχυνόμενός τε both stack as reasons for Odysseus's reluctance."}]},{"number":306,"label":"306","id":"b7-l306","source":"μή πως καὶ σοὶ θυμὸς ἐπισκύσσαιτο ἰδόντι·","translation":"lest perhaps your heart should be angered at the sight;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l306.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"πως","lemma":"πως","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"σοὶ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"modifies θυμὸς","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐπισκύσσαιτο","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ἐπισκύσσαιτο","lemma":"ἐπισκύζομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to μή","gloss":"be angered","note":"ἐπισκύσσαιτο, rare optative of a compound found almost only here in Homer, expressing feared reaction."},{"surface":"ἰδόντι","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"seeing"}]},{"number":307,"label":"307","id":"b7-l307","source":"δύσζηλοι γάρ τʼ εἰμὲν ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων.","translation":"for we tribes of men upon the earth are quick to take offense.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l307.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"δύσζηλοι","title":"\"Prone to jealousy\"","body":"Dyszelos means easily made jealous or suspicious. Odysseus offers a tactful general truth to excuse his caution."}],"words":[{"surface":"δύσζηλοι","lemma":"δύσζηλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"quick to take offense","note":"δύσζηλος 'ill-jealous', a compound adjective generalizing about mortal touchiness."},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"εἰμὲν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"χθονὶ","lemma":"χθών","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἐπὶ","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"φῦλ","lemma":"φῦλον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of εἰμὲν","gloss":"tribes"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies φῦλ᾽","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":308,"label":"308","id":"b7-l308","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀλκίνοος ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε·","translation":"Then Alkinoos answered him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l308.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀπαμείβετο","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτ","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"ἀπαμείβετο","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"φώνησέν","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"and spoke"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":309,"label":"309","id":"b7-l309","source":"ξεῖνʼ, οὔ μοι τοιοῦτον ἐνὶ στήθεσσι φίλον κῆρ","translation":"\"Stranger, the heart in my breast is not the kind","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l309.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖν","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies κῆρ","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"τοιοῦτον","lemma":"τοιοῦτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"στήθεσσι","lemma":"στῆθος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies κῆρ","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"κῆρ","lemma":"κῆρ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject","gloss":"heart","note":"κῆρ, poetic/epic word for 'heart' distinct from ordinary καρδία, common in formulaic phrases."}]},{"number":310,"label":"310","id":"b7-l310","source":"μαψιδίως κεχολῶσθαι· ἀμείνω δʼ αἴσιμα πάντα.","translation":"to be angered without cause; in all things due measure is better.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l310.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μαψιδίως","lemma":"μαψίδιος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κεχολῶσθαι","gloss":"without cause"},{"surface":"κεχολῶσθαι","lemma":"χολόω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive infinitive","role":"modifies τοιοῦτον","gloss":"to be angered","note":"κεχολῶσθαι, perfect infinitive after τοιοῦτον 'of a kind (to be...)', expressing settled temperament."},{"surface":"ἀμείνω","lemma":"ἀμείνων","morphology":"nominative plural neuter comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἴσιμα","lemma":"αἴσιμος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"subject","gloss":"due measure"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies αἴσιμα","gloss":"in all things"}]},{"number":311,"label":"311","id":"b7-l311","source":"αἲ γάρ, Ζεῦ τε πάτερ καὶ Ἀθηναίη καὶ Ἄπολλον,","translation":"Would, O Father Zeus and Athena and Apollo,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l311.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"αἲ γάρ","title":"Wish with optative","body":"Ai gar introduces a wish; the construction reaches its verb echemen (\"to have/hold\") at line 313. Such wishes for the future are expressed with the optative or, as here, an infinitive of wish."}],"words":[{"surface":"αἲ","lemma":"αἴ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"would that","note":"αἲ γάρ, epic optative wish particle = 'oh that...', introducing Alkinoos's prayer."},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Ζεῦ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πάτερ","lemma":"πάτηρ","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ζεῦ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀθηναίη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"vocative singular feminine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Athena"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἄπολλον","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":312,"label":"312","id":"b7-l312","source":"τοῖος ἐὼν οἷός ἐσσι, τά τε φρονέων ἅ τʼ ἐγώ περ,","translation":"that, being such as you are, and thinking as I myself do,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l312.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖος","lemma":"τοῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"ἐὼν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"being","note":"Epic present participle of εἰμί 'to be', governs predicate τοῖος."},{"surface":"οἷός","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"ἐσσι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τοῖος","gloss":"you are","note":"Uncontracted Epic 2nd sg. ἐσσι (=Attic εἶ) of εἰμί."},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of φρονέων","gloss":"the things"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φρονέων","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"ἅ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed","note":"Emphasizing particle, 'I myself' emphasis alongside ἐγώ."}]},{"number":313,"label":"313","id":"b7-l313","source":"παῖδά τʼ ἐμὴν ἐχέμεν καὶ ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι","translation":"you might have my daughter, and be called my son-in-law,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l313.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παῖδά","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐχέμεν","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐμὴν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies παῖδά","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἐχέμεν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"have/marry","note":"Epic infinitive ἐχέμεν (=ἔχειν), 'to have/hold' as wife."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐμὸς","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies γαμβρὸς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"γαμβρὸς","lemma":"γαμβρός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"complement of καλέεσθαι","gloss":"son-in-law"},{"surface":"καλέεσθαι","lemma":"καλέω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"be called","note":"Middle infinitive: 'be called' son-in-law, complement γαμβρὸς."}]},{"number":314,"label":"314","id":"b7-l314","source":"αὖθι μένων· οἶκον δέ κʼ ἐγὼ καὶ κτήματα δοίην,","translation":"staying here; and I would give you a house and possessions,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l314.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὖθι","lemma":"αὖθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of μένων","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"μένων","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καλέεσθαι","gloss":"staying"},{"surface":"οἶκον","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would","note":"Epic κε/κ' marking potential mood with optative δοίην."},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δοίην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κτήματα","lemma":"κτῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"δοίην","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would give","note":"Aorist optative of δίδωμι, expresses a wish/potential 'I would give'."}]},{"number":315,"label":"315","id":"b7-l315","source":"εἴ κʼ ἐθέλων γε μένοις· ἀέκοντα δέ σʼ οὔ τις ἐρύξει","translation":"if you stayed willingly; but against your will no one of the Phaeacians","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l315.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"ἐθέλων","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to μένοις","gloss":"willing"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μένοις","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"you stayed","note":"Optative in a future-less-vivid conditional with εἴ κε."},{"surface":"ἀέκοντα","lemma":"ἀέκων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"unwilling","note":"Predicate adjective ἀέκων, 'against your will' — note contrast with ἐθέλων above."},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρύξει","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐρύξει","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"ἐρύξει","lemma":"ἐρύκω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will detain","note":"Future of ἐρύκω, 'hold back/detain'."}]},{"number":316,"label":"316","id":"b7-l316","source":"Φαιήκων· μὴ τοῦτο φίλον Διὶ πατρὶ γένοιτο.","translation":"shall hold you here: may that never be dear to Father Zeus.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l316.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Φαιήκων","lemma":"Φαίαξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"of the Phaeacians"},{"surface":"μὴ","lemma":"μή","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"may not","note":"Optative of wish negated by μή: 'may this not be'."},{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"subject of γένοιτο","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"Διὶ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of γένοιτο","gloss":"to Zeus"},{"surface":"πατρὶ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Διὶ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"γένοιτο","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may it be","note":"Aorist middle optative of γίγνομαι expressing a negative wish with μή."}]},{"number":317,"label":"317","id":"b7-l317","source":"πομπὴν δʼ ἐς τόδʼ ἐγὼ τεκμαίρομαι, ὄφρʼ ἐὺ εἰδῇς,","translation":"Your escort I appoint for this time, that you may know it well,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l317.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πομπὴν","lemma":"πομπή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τεκμαίρομαι","gloss":"escort"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τόδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἐς","gloss":"this (time)"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τεκμαίρομαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τεκμαίρομαι","lemma":"τεκμαίρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"appoint","note":"Middle voice τεκμαίρομαι, 'fix/appoint' — Alkinoos speaking of his own decree."},{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ἐὺ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰδῇς","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"εἰδῇς","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"you may know","note":"Perfect subjunctive of οἶδα with present sense, in a purpose clause."}]},{"number":318,"label":"318","id":"b7-l318","source":"αὔριον ἔς· τῆμος δὲ σὺ μὲν δεδμημένος ὕπνῳ","translation":"for tomorrow; and then, while you, overcome by sleep,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l318.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὔριον","lemma":"αὔριον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔς","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"ἔς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τῆμος","lemma":"τῆμος","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of λέξεαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"δεδμημένος","lemma":"δαμάζω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to λέξεαι","gloss":"overcome","note":"Perfect passive participle of δαμάζω, 'tamed/overpowered' by sleep."},{"surface":"ὕπνῳ","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δεδμημένος","gloss":"by sleep"}]},{"number":319,"label":"319","id":"b7-l319","source":"λέξεαι, οἱ δʼ ἐλόωσι γαλήνην, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἵκηαι","translation":"lie at rest, my men shall row the calm sea, until you reach","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l319.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λέξεαι","lemma":"λέγω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will lie","note":"Future middle of λέγω 'lay', here in sense 'lie down/rest'."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐλόωσι","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐλόωσι","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will row","note":"Epic future ἐλόωσι (=ἐλάσουσι) of ἐλαύνω, 'drive/row'."},{"surface":"γαλήνην","lemma":"γαλήνη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐλόωσι","gloss":"the calm sea"},{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ἂν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"ἵκηαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"you reach"}]},{"number":320,"label":"320","id":"b7-l320","source":"πατρίδα σὴν καὶ δῶμα, καὶ εἴ πού τοι φίλον ἐστίν,","translation":"your homeland and house, or wherever else may be dear to you,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l320.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"σὴν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies πατρίδα","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"πού","lemma":"πού","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐστίν","gloss":"anywhere"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐστίν","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"ἐστίν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of εἴ","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":321,"label":"321","id":"b7-l321","source":"εἴ περ καὶ μάλα πολλὸν ἑκαστέρω ἔστʼ Εὐβοίης,","translation":"even if it lies much farther off than Euboea,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l321.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed","note":"Concessive περ intensifies εἴ: 'even if'."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"πολλὸν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἔστ᾽","gloss":"much","note":"Neuter adjective used adverbially with ἑκαστέρω, 'much farther'."},{"surface":"ἑκαστέρω","lemma":"ἑκάς","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"farther","note":"Comparative adverb from ἑκάς 'far', 'farther off'."},{"surface":"ἔστ","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"it is"},{"surface":"Εὐβοίης","lemma":"Εὔβοια","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἑκαστέρω","gloss":"than Euboea"}]},{"number":322,"label":"322","id":"b7-l322","source":"τήν περ τηλοτάτω φάσʼ ἔμμεναι, οἵ μιν ἴδοντο","translation":"which those of our people who saw it say is the most distant of all,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l322.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τήν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔμμεναι","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τηλοτάτω","lemma":"τηλοτάτω","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"farthest","note":"Superlative adverb, 'most distant'."},{"surface":"φάσ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Εὐβοίης","gloss":"they say"},{"surface":"ἔμμεναι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of φάσ᾽","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἴδοντο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἴδοντο","gloss":"it","note":"μιν, Epic enclitic 3rd person pronoun (=Attic αὐτήν/αὐτόν)."},{"surface":"ἴδοντο","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing","gloss":"saw","note":"Epic aorist εἶδον (root ἰδ-) used as aorist of ὁράω."}]},{"number":323,"label":"323","id":"b7-l323","source":"λαῶν ἡμετέρων, ὅτε τε ξανθὸν Ῥαδάμανθυν","translation":"when they carried fair-haired Rhadamanthys","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l323.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies οἵ","gloss":"of the people"},{"surface":"ἡμετέρων","lemma":"ἡμέτερος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies λαῶν","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ξανθὸν","lemma":"ξανθός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ῥαδάμανθυν","gloss":"fair-haired","note":"Standard Homeric epithet for Rhadamanthys."},{"surface":"Ῥαδάμανθυν","lemma":"Ῥαδάμανθυς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἦγον","gloss":"Rhadamanthys"}]},{"number":324,"label":"324","id":"b7-l324","source":"ἦγον ἐποψόμενον Τιτυὸν Γαιήιον υἱόν.","translation":"to visit Tityos, the son of Gaia.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l324.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦγον","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"they brought"},{"surface":"ἐποψόμενον","lemma":"ἐφοράω","morphology":"future middle participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"to visit","note":"Future participle expressing purpose: 'to see/visit'."},{"surface":"Τιτυὸν","lemma":"Τιτυός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"Tityos"},{"surface":"Γαιήιον","lemma":"Γαιήιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱόν","gloss":"earth-born","note":"Patronymic-style adjective, 'earth-born', modifying Tityos."},{"surface":"υἱόν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":325,"label":"325","id":"b7-l325","source":"καὶ μὲν οἱ ἔνθʼ ἦλθον καὶ ἄτερ καμάτοιο τέλεσσαν","translation":"And there they went, and without weariness accomplished it,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l325.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἦλθον","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἦλθον","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄτερ","lemma":"ἄτερ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"without","note":"Preposition governing genitive καμάτοιο."},{"surface":"καμάτοιο","lemma":"κάματος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἄτερ","gloss":"toil"},{"surface":"τέλεσσαν","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"accomplished it"}]},{"number":326,"label":"326","id":"b7-l326","source":"ἤματι τῷ αὐτῷ καὶ ἀπήνυσαν οἴκαδʼ ὀπίσσω.","translation":"on that same day, and made their way back home again.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l326.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤματι","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἀπήνυσαν","gloss":"on the day"},{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular neuter article","role":"modifies αὐτῷ","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"αὐτῷ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἤματι","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀπήνυσαν","lemma":"ἀπανύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they returned","note":"Epic ἀπανύω, 'complete a journey/return' — rare verb."},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἀπήνυσαν","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"ὀπίσσω","lemma":"ὀπίσω","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπήνυσαν","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":327,"label":"327","id":"b7-l327","source":"εἰδήσεις δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ὅσσον ἄρισται","translation":"You yourself will know in your heart how far the best","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l327.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰδήσεις","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"future active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will know","note":"Epic future εἰδήσεις (root of οἶδα), 'you shall know'."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶν","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ὅσσον","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"how much"},{"surface":"ἄρισται","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"best"}]},{"number":328,"label":"328","id":"b7-l328","source":"νῆες ἐμαὶ καὶ κοῦροι ἀναρρίπτειν ἅλα πηδῷ.","translation":"are my ships, and my young men at tossing up the sea with the oar-blade.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l328.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῆες","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"ἐμαὶ","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆες","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κοῦροι","lemma":"κοῦρος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"ἀναρρίπτειν","lemma":"ἀναρρίπτω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"modifies ἄρισται","gloss":"at tossing up","note":"Present infinitive, 'to fling up' — the ships' rowing described vividly."},{"surface":"ἅλα","lemma":"ἅλς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἀναρρίπτειν","gloss":"the sea"},{"surface":"πηδῷ","lemma":"πηδόν","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἀναρρίπτειν","gloss":"with the oar-blade"}]},{"number":329,"label":"329","id":"b7-l329","source":"ὣς φάτο, γήθησεν δὲ πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς,","translation":"So he spoke, and much-enduring noble Odysseus rejoiced,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l329.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς","title":"Epithet \"much-enduring\"","body":"Polytlas, \"much-enduring,\" with dios, \"noble,\" forms a fixed name-formula for Odysseus that fills the verse-end. It recurs throughout the poem."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φάτο","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"φάτο","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he spoke"},{"surface":"γήθησεν","lemma":"γηθέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rejoiced"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"Standard Homeric epithet for Odysseus, 'much-enduring'."},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of γήθησεν","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":330,"label":"330","id":"b7-l330","source":"εὐχόμενος δʼ ἄρα εἶπεν, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν·","translation":"and praying he spoke, and uttered his word and called by name:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l330.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὐχόμενος","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εἶπεν","gloss":"praying"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"εἶπεν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he said"},{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔφατ᾽","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔφατ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke","note":"φημί imperfect, part of the formulaic 'ἔπος τ᾽ ἔφατ᾽ ἔκ τ᾽ ὀνόμαζεν' speech-introduction line."},{"surface":"ἔκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀνόμαζεν","lemma":"ὀνομάζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"named","note":"Completes the Homeric formula 'spoke the word and called by name'."}]},{"number":331,"label":"331","id":"b7-l331","source":"Ζεῦ πάτερ, αἴθʼ ὅσα εἶπε τελευτήσειεν ἅπαντα","translation":"\"Father Zeus, grant that Alkinoos may bring all to pass that he has spoken;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l331.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"τελευτήσειεν","title":"Wish in the optative","body":"The aorist optative with αἴθʼ (\"would that\") expresses a wish: \"may he accomplish.\" Homer uses the optative for prayers and longings."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ζεῦ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"πάτερ","lemma":"πάτηρ","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ζεῦ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"αἴθ","lemma":"εἴθε","morphology":"exclamation","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"would that","note":"Wishing particle εἴθε introducing an optative of wish."},{"surface":"ὅσα","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of εἶπε","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"εἶπε","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἅπαντα","gloss":"he said"},{"surface":"τελευτήσειεν","lemma":"τελευτάω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may bring to pass","note":"Optative of wish paired with αἴθε: 'would that he fulfill all'."},{"surface":"ἅπαντα","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of τελευτήσειεν","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":332,"label":"332","id":"b7-l332","source":"Ἀλκίνοος· τοῦ μέν κεν ἐπὶ ζείδωρον ἄρουραν","translation":"then over the grain-giving earth his fame would be","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l332.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τελευτήσειεν","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"τοῦ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies κλέος","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would","note":"Potential particle κεν with the implied εἴη 'would be' (fame)."},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ζείδωρον","lemma":"ζείδωρος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἄρουραν","gloss":"grain-giving","note":"Homeric epithet for earth, 'grain-giving'."},{"surface":"ἄρουραν","lemma":"ἄρουρα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":333,"label":"333","id":"b7-l333","source":"ἄσβεστον κλέος εἴη, ἐγὼ δέ κε πατρίδʼ ἱκοίμην.","translation":"unquenchable, and I would reach my native land.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l333.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἄσβεστον κλέος","title":"Unquenchable glory","body":"κλέος ἄσβεστον, \"glory that cannot be put out,\" is a core heroic idea: deathless fame won through deeds and preserved in song."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἄσβεστον","lemma":"ἄσβεστος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"unquenchable"},{"surface":"κλέος","lemma":"κλέος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of εἴη","gloss":"fame","note":"κλέος ἄσβεστον, 'unquenchable fame' — a formulaic heroic-glory phrase."},{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἱκοίμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"πατρίδ","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἱκοίμην","gloss":"native land"},{"surface":"ἱκοίμην","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would reach","note":"Aorist middle optative of ἱκνέομαι, wish paired with κε."}]},{"number":334,"label":"334","id":"b7-l334","source":"ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον·","translation":"So they spoke such things to one another;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l334.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγόρευον","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀγόρευον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοιαῦτα","lemma":"τοιοῦτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἀγόρευον","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἀλλήλους","lemma":"ἀλλήλων","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"one another"},{"surface":"ἀγόρευον","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":335,"label":"335","id":"b7-l335","source":"κέκλετο δʼ Ἀρήτη λευκώλενος ἀμφιπόλοισιν","translation":"and white-armed Arete ordered her handmaids","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l335.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"λευκώλενος","title":"Formulaic epithet \"white-armed\"","body":"λευκώλενος (\"white-armed\") is a recurring epithet for noble women like Arete and Hera, marking high status and beauty."}],"words":[{"surface":"κέκλετο","lemma":"κέλομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"ordered","note":"Epic aorist middle of κέλομαι, 'command/urge'."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀρήτη","lemma":"Ἀρήτη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of κέκλετο","gloss":"Arete"},{"surface":"λευκώλενος","lemma":"λευκώλενος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀρήτη","gloss":"white-armed","note":"Standard Homeric epithet for Arete."},{"surface":"ἀμφιπόλοισιν","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"object of κέκλετο","gloss":"handmaids"}]},{"number":336,"label":"336","id":"b7-l336","source":"δέμνιʼ ὑπʼ αἰθούσῃ θέμεναι καὶ ῥήγεα καλὰ","translation":"to set bedding beneath the portico, and to throw on fine","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l336.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δέμνι","lemma":"δέμνιον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of θέμεναι","gloss":"bedding"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"αἰθούσῃ","lemma":"αἴθουσα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ὑπ᾽","gloss":"portico"},{"surface":"θέμεναι","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"to set","note":"Aorist infinitive of τίθημι, 'to place/set'."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ῥήγεα","lemma":"ῥῆγος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐμβαλέειν","gloss":"blankets"},{"surface":"καλὰ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ῥήγεα","gloss":"fine"}]},{"number":337,"label":"337","id":"b7-l337","source":"πορφύρεʼ ἐμβαλέειν, στορέσαι τʼ ἐφύπερθε τάπητας","translation":"purple blankets, and to spread coverlets over them,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l337.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πορφύρε","lemma":"πορφύρεος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ῥήγεα","gloss":"purple"},{"surface":"ἐμβαλέειν","lemma":"ἐμβάλλω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"to throw on","note":"Aorist infinitive of ἐμβάλλω, 'to throw in/on'."},{"surface":"στορέσαι","lemma":"στορέννυμι","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"to spread","note":"Aorist infinitive of στορέννυμι, 'to spread out' (coverlets)."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐφύπερθε","lemma":"ἐφύπερθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to στορέσαι","gloss":"on top"},{"surface":"τάπητας","lemma":"τάπης","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of στορέσαι","gloss":"coverlets"}]},{"number":338,"label":"338","id":"b7-l338","source":"χλαίνας τʼ ἐνθέμεναι οὔλας καθύπερθεν ἕσασθαι.","translation":"and to lay thick woolen cloaks on top for covering.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l338.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χλαίνας","lemma":"χλαῖνα","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐνθέμεναι","gloss":"cloaks"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνθέμεναι","lemma":"ἐντίθημι","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"to lay on","note":"Aorist infinitive of ἐντίθημι, 'to put in/on'."},{"surface":"οὔλας","lemma":"οὖλος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies χλαίνας","gloss":"thick woolen"},{"surface":"καθύπερθεν","lemma":"καθύπερθε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐνθέμεναι","gloss":"on top"},{"surface":"ἕσασθαι","lemma":"ἕζομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἐνθέμεναι","gloss":"for covering","note":"Middle infinitive of ἕζομαι here in sense 'to clothe/cover oneself'."}]},{"number":339,"label":"339","id":"b7-l339","source":"αἱ δʼ ἴσαν ἐκ μεγάροιο δάος μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχουσαι·","translation":"They went out from the hall holding torches in their hands;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l339.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἔχουσαι","title":"Participle of attendant circumstance","body":"ἔχουσαι (\"holding\") is a present participle, feminine plural, describing how the maids went out: torches in hand."}],"words":[{"surface":"αἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἴσαν","gloss":"they (fem.)"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἴσαν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went","note":"Epic imperfect of εἶμι, 'go', ἴσαν (=ᾔεσαν)."},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"μεγάροιο","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐκ","gloss":"the hall"},{"surface":"δάος","lemma":"δάος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔχουσαι","gloss":"torch"},{"surface":"μετὰ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χερσὶν","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of μετὰ","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"ἔχουσαι","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to ἴσαν","gloss":"holding"}]},{"number":340,"label":"340","id":"b7-l340","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ στόρεσαν πυκινὸν λέχος ἐγκονέουσαι,","translation":"and when, working briskly, they had spread the sturdy bed,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l340.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"στόρεσαν","lemma":"στορέννυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"they spread","note":"aorist of στορέννυμι 'spread/make (a bed)'; -σαν 3pl ending"},{"surface":"πυκινὸν","lemma":"πυκινός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies λέχος","gloss":"sturdy"},{"surface":"λέχος","lemma":"λέχος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of στόρεσαν","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"ἐγκονέουσαι","lemma":"ἐγκονέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to στόρεσαν","gloss":"busily working","note":"vivid present participle 'hurrying/bustling', paints the maids at work"}]},{"number":341,"label":"341","id":"b7-l341","source":"ὤτρυνον δʼ Ὀδυσῆα παριστάμεναι ἐπέεσσιν·","translation":"they came to Odysseus' side and urged him with words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l341.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὤτρυνον","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they urged"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσῆα","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὤτρυνον","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"παριστάμεναι","lemma":"παρίστημι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to ὤτρυνον","gloss":"standing beside","note":"middle participle of παρίστημι, 'coming to stand by him'"},{"surface":"ἐπέεσσιν","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ὤτρυνον","gloss":"with words","note":"dative plural of ἔπος, instrumental 'with words'"}]},{"number":342,"label":"342","id":"b7-l342","source":"ὄρσο κέων, ὦ ξεῖνε· πεποίηται δέ τοι εὐνή.","translation":"\"Rise up to your rest, stranger; your bed is made.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l342.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ὄρσο","title":"Imperative \"rise\"","body":"ὄρσο is an aorist middle imperative, \"rouse yourself, get up,\" a brisk command suited to the maids' summons."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὄρσο","lemma":"ὄρνυμι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rise up","note":"aorist middle imperative of ὄρνυμι, abrupt command 'get up!'"},{"surface":"κέων","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"future active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ὄρσο","gloss":"to lie down","note":"future participle expressing purpose, 'to go and lie down'"},{"surface":"ὦ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger","note":"vocative direct address, formulaic epic greeting"},{"surface":"πεποίηται","lemma":"ποιέω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is made","note":"perfect passive, stresses the finished state 'has been made'"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"modifies εὐνή","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"εὐνή","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of πεποίηται","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":343,"label":"343","id":"b7-l343","source":"ὣς φάν, τῷ δʼ ἀσπαστὸν ἐείσατο κοιμηθῆναι.","translation":"So they spoke, and to him it seemed welcome to lie down and sleep.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l343.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φάν","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"φάν","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they spoke"},{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐείσατο","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀσπαστὸν","lemma":"ἀσπαστός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"welcome"},{"surface":"ἐείσατο","lemma":"εἴδομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it seemed","note":"εἴδομαι here means 'seem/appear', governing the infinitive κοιμηθῆναι"},{"surface":"κοιμηθῆναι","lemma":"κοιμάω","morphology":"aorist passive infinitive","role":"subject of ἐείσατο","gloss":"to sleep"}]},{"number":344,"label":"344","id":"b7-l344","source":"ὣς ὁ μὲν ἔνθα καθεῦδε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς","translation":"So there he slept, much-enduring noble Odysseus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l344.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς","title":"\"Much-enduring noble Odysseus\"","body":"A standard line-ending formula. πολύτλας (\"much-enduring\") is Odysseus' signature epithet, fitting his suffering."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καθεῦδε","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"καθεῦδε","lemma":"καθεύδω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"slept"},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεὺς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"stock Odysseus epithet 'much-enduring', marks his heroic patience"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεὺς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":345,"label":"345","id":"b7-l345","source":"τρητοῖς ἐν λεχέεσσιν ὑπʼ αἰθούσῃ ἐριδούπῳ·","translation":"in a corded bedstead beneath the echoing portico;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l345.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τρητοῖς","lemma":"τρητός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies λεχέεσσιν","gloss":"corded","note":"τρητός 'pierced/perforated', describing bed-frame strung with leather thongs"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"λεχέεσσιν","lemma":"λέχος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"bedstead"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"αἰθούσῃ","lemma":"αἴθουσα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπ᾽","gloss":"portico"},{"surface":"ἐριδούπῳ","lemma":"ἐρίδουπος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies αἰθούσῃ","gloss":"echoing","note":"ἐρίδουπος 'loud-echoing', epic epithet for the resounding colonnade"}]},{"number":346,"label":"346","id":"b7-l346","source":"Ἀλκίνοος δʼ ἄρα λέκτο μυχῷ δόμου ὑψηλοῖο,","translation":"but Alkinoos lay down in the inner chamber of the high house,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l346.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀλκίνοος","lemma":"Ἀλκίνοος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of λέκτο","gloss":"Alkinoos"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"λέκτο","lemma":"λέγω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay down","note":"middle aorist of λέγω 'lay (oneself) down', unrelated to λέγω 'say'"},{"surface":"μυχῷ","lemma":"μυχός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to λέκτο","gloss":"inner chamber"},{"surface":"δόμου","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies μυχῷ","gloss":"of the house"},{"surface":"ὑψηλοῖο","lemma":"ὑψηλός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμου","gloss":"lofty"}]},{"number":347,"label":"347","id":"b7-l347","source":"πὰρ δὲ γυνὴ δέσποινα λέχος πόρσυνε καὶ εὐνήν.","translation":"and beside him his lady wife prepared the couch and bed.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b7-l347.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"beside him"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γυνὴ","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of πόρσυνε","gloss":"his wife"},{"surface":"δέσποινα","lemma":"δέσποινα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies γυνὴ","gloss":"lady"},{"surface":"λέχος","lemma":"λέχος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"the couch"},{"surface":"πόρσυνε","lemma":"πορσύνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"prepared"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εὐνήν","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"the bed"}]}]}