{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"λ","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/words/lambda","headwords":[{"lemma":"λάβρος","count":1,"glosses":["strong"],"forms":["λάβρον"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"λάβρος, 'violent/rushing,' describing the wind's force adverbially with the participle.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.293","id":"b15-l293","source":"λάβρον ἐπαιγίζοντα διʼ αἰθέρος, ὄφρα τάχιστα"}]},{"lemma":"λάζομαι","count":3,"glosses":["took","forgetting","checked, held back"],"forms":["λάζετο","λελασμένος"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"λάζομαι, epic/poetic verb 'grasp, seize' — a Homeric alternative to λαμβάνω.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.483","id":"b3-l483","source":"ἐς δίφρον τʼ ἀνέβαινε καὶ ἡνία λάζετο χερσί,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.92","id":"b13-l92","source":"δὴ τότε γʼ ἀτρέμας εὗδε, λελασμένος ὅσσʼ ἐπεπόνθει."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.254","id":"b13-l254","source":"οὐδʼ ὅ γʼ ἀληθέα εἶπε, πάλιν δʼ ὅ γε λάζετο μῦθον,"}]},{"lemma":"λάθρῃ","count":6,"glosses":["secretly","in secret","by stealth"],"forms":["λάθρη","λάθρῃ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.92","id":"b4-l92","source":"λάθρῃ, ἀνωιστί, δόλῳ οὐλομένης ἀλόχοιο·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.269","id":"b8-l269","source":"λάθρῃ, πολλὰ δʼ ἔδωκε, λέχος δʼ ᾔσχυνε καὶ εὐνὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.430","id":"b15-l430","source":"τὴν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἀνήρ, ὃς ἐμίσγετο\n                     λάθρη·"}]},{"lemma":"λάινος","count":6,"glosses":["stone","of stone"],"forms":["λάϊνον","λάινον","λάϊνοι"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"λάϊνοι modifies the bowls/jars from the prior line, describing the cave's stone vessels","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.80","id":"b8-l80","source":"Πυθοῖ ἐν ἠγαθέῃ, ὅθʼ ὑπέρβη λάινον οὐδὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.106","id":"b13-l106","source":"λάϊνοι· ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτα τιθαιβώσσουσι μέλισσαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.41","id":"b16-l41","source":"αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ εἴσω ἴεν καὶ ὑπέρβη λάϊνον οὐδόν."}]},{"lemma":"Λάμος","count":1,"glosses":["of Lamos"],"forms":["Λάμου"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.81","id":"b10-l81","source":"ἑβδομάτῃ δʼ ἱκόμεσθα Λάμου αἰπὺ πτολίεθρον,"}]},{"lemma":"Λάμπος","count":1,"glosses":["Lampos"],"forms":["Λάμπον"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Lampos and Phaethon, the named horses of Dawn's chariot — a rare bit of Homeric equine mythology.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.246","id":"b23-l246","source":"Λάμπον καὶ Φαέθονθʼ, οἵ τʼ Ἠῶ πῶλοι ἄγουσι."}]},{"lemma":"λάμπω","count":2,"glosses":["blazing"],"forms":["λαμπομενάων"],"morphology":["present medio-passive participle, genitive plural feminine"],"note":"λαμπομενάων, genitive plural participle agreeing with δαΐδων, 'shining/blazing.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.48","id":"b19-l48","source":"κείων ἐς θάλαμον, δαΐδων ὕπο λαμπομενάων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.290","id":"b23-l290","source":"ἐσθῆτος μαλακῆς, δαΐδων ὕπο λαμπομενάων."}]},{"lemma":"λάξ","count":2,"glosses":["with the heel","with his heel, kicking"],"forms":["λὰξ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.45","id":"b15-l45","source":"λὰξ ποδὶ κινήσας, καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπεν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.233","id":"b17-l233","source":"ὣς φάτο, καὶ παριὼν λὰξ ἔνθορεν ἀφραδίῃσιν"}]},{"lemma":"λάρος","count":1,"glosses":["gull"],"forms":["λάρῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun"],"note":"λάρῳ...ὄρνιθι, dative of comparison forming the famous gull simile for Hermes's flight.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.51","id":"b5-l51","source":"σεύατʼ ἔπειτʼ ἐπὶ κῦμα λάρῳ ὄρνιθι ἐοικώς,"}]},{"lemma":"λάσιος","count":1,"glosses":["shaggy"],"forms":["λασίην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.433","id":"b9-l433","source":"τοῦ κατὰ νῶτα λαβών, λασίην ὑπὸ γαστέρʼ ἐλυσθεὶς"}]},{"lemma":"λάσκω","count":1,"glosses":["yelping"],"forms":["λελακυῖα"],"morphology":["perfect active participle, nominative singular feminine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.85","id":"b12-l85","source":"ἔνθα δʼ ἐνὶ Σκύλλη ναίει δεινὸν λελακυῖα."}]},{"lemma":"λάχεια","count":2,"glosses":["wooded","low-lying"],"forms":["λάχεια"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"λάχεια, a rare poetic epithet for a fertile/wooded island, found almost only in this formula.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.116","id":"b9-l116","source":"νῆσος ἔπειτα λάχεια παρὲκ λιμένος\n                     τετάνυσται,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.509","id":"b10-l509","source":"ἔνθʼ ἀκτή τε λάχεια καὶ ἄλσεα Περσεφονείης,"}]},{"lemma":"λάχνη","count":1,"glosses":["beard-down"],"forms":["λάχνῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.320","id":"b11-l320","source":"ἀνθῆσαι πυκάσαι τε γένυς ἐυανθέι λάχνῃ."}]},{"lemma":"λάχνος","count":1,"glosses":["fleece"],"forms":["λάχνῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.445","id":"b9-l445","source":"λάχνῳ στεινόμενος καὶ ἐμοὶ πυκινὰ φρονέοντι."}]},{"lemma":"λάω","count":2,"glosses":["gripping","gripped"],"forms":["λάων","λάε"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"λάω here means 'seize, grip fast' (of the dog's jaws holding the fawn), a rare epic verb used twice in this scene; unrelated to the separate verb of seeing.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.229","id":"b19-l229","source":"ἀσπαίροντα λάων· τὸ δὲ θαυμάζεσκον ἅπαντες,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.230","id":"b19-l230","source":"ὡς οἱ χρύσεοι ἐόντες ὁ μὲν λάε νεβρὸν ἀπάγχων,"}]},{"lemma":"λᾶας","count":10,"glosses":["stones","stone","of the stone","boulder","a stone"],"forms":["λάεσσι","λᾶαν","λᾶος","λᾶας"],"morphology":["dative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"λᾶας 'stone' — dative of material/place, epic vocab for building blocks","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.267","id":"b6-l267","source":"ῥυτοῖσιν λάεσσι κατωρυχέεσσʼ ἀραρυῖα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.192","id":"b8-l192","source":"λᾶος ὑπὸ ῥιπῆς· ὁ δʼ ὑπέρπτατο σήματα πάντων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.537","id":"b9-l537","source":"αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἐξαῦτις πολὺ μείζονα λᾶαν ἀείρας"}]},{"lemma":"λᾶιγξ","count":2,"glosses":["pebbles"],"forms":["λάιγγες","λάιγγας"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":"λᾶιγξ, a rare word for small shore-stones, found almost only here in Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.433","id":"b5-l433","source":"πρὸς κοτυληδονόφιν πυκιναὶ λάιγγες ἔχονται,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.95","id":"b6-l95","source":"λάιγγας ποτὶ χέρσον ἀποπλύνεσκε θάλασσα."}]},{"lemma":"λαγχάνω","count":8,"glosses":["having gotten as his share","I would have won","fell by lot","drew the lot","have won","having received","I drew by lot","were getting"],"forms":["λαχὼν","ἔλαχον","λάγχανον","λελόγχασιν","ἐλάγχανον"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"λαγχάνω 'obtain by lot' — the distribution of goats per ship","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.40","id":"b5-l40","source":"εἴ περ ἀπήμων ἦλθε, λαχὼν ἀπὸ ληίδος αἶσαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.311","id":"b5-l311","source":"τῷ κʼ ἔλαχον κτερέων, καί μευ κλέος ἦγον Ἀχαιοί·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.160","id":"b9-l160","source":"ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες· ἐμοὶ δὲ δέκʼ ἔξελον οἴῳ."}]},{"lemma":"λαγῶς","count":1,"glosses":["hares"],"forms":["λαγωούς"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.295","id":"b17-l295","source":"αἶγας ἐπʼ ἀγροτέρας ἠδὲ πρόκας ἠδὲ λαγωούς·"}]},{"lemma":"Λαέρκης","count":1,"glosses":["Laerces"],"forms":["Λαέρκεα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.425","id":"b3-l425","source":"εἷς δʼ αὖ χρυσοχόον Λαέρκεα δεῦρο κελέσθω"}]},{"lemma":"Λαέρτης","count":31,"glosses":["Laertes","of Laertes","for Laertes","to Laertes"],"forms":["Λαέρτης","Λαέρταο","Λαέρτῃ","Λαέρτην","Λαέρτεω"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Patronymic identifying Odysseus by his father Laertes.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.189","id":"b1-l189","source":"Λαέρτην ἥρωα, τὸν οὐκέτι φασὶ πόλινδε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.430","id":"b1-l430","source":"τήν ποτε Λαέρτης πρίατο κτεάτεσσιν ἑοῖσιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.99","id":"b2-l99","source":"Λαέρτῃ ἥρωι ταφήιον, εἰς ὅτε κέν μιν"}]},{"lemma":"Λαερτιάδης","count":29,"glosses":["son of Laertes","of Laertes' son","son of Laertes'"],"forms":["Λαερτιάδη","Λαερτιάδεω","Λαερτιάδην","Λαερτιάδης"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"patronymic address to Odysseus","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.203","id":"b5-l203","source":"διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.19","id":"b9-l19","source":"εἴμʼ Ὀδυσεὺς Λαερτιάδης, ὃς πᾶσι δόλοισιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.401","id":"b10-l401","source":"διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ,"}]},{"lemma":"λαῖλαψ","count":6,"glosses":["with a storm","storm-blast","in a storm-blast"],"forms":["λαίλαπι"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":"λαῖλαψ, a sudden squall — divine intervention halting the battle over Achilles' body","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.68","id":"b9-l68","source":"λαίλαπι θεσπεσίῃ, σὺν δὲ νεφέεσσι κάλυψε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.314","id":"b12-l314","source":"λαίλαπι θεσπεσίῃ, σὺν δὲ νεφέεσσι κάλυψε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.400","id":"b12-l400","source":"καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτʼ ἄνεμος μὲν ἐπαύσατο λαίλαπι θύων,"}]},{"lemma":"λαῖτμα","count":8,"glosses":["gulf","gulf/deep","gulf (of sea)"],"forms":["λαῖτμα"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":"λαῖτμα θαλάσσης, 'gulf of the sea', an epic phrase for the vast open deep.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.504","id":"b4-l504","source":"φῆ ῥʼ ἀέκητι θεῶν φυγέειν μέγα λαῖτμα θαλάσσης."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.174","id":"b5-l174","source":"ἥ με κέλεαι σχεδίῃ περάαν μέγα λαῖτμα θαλάσσης,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.409","id":"b5-l409","source":"Ζεύς, καὶ δὴ τόδε λαῖτμα διατμήξας ἐπέρησα,"}]},{"lemma":"λαῖφος","count":2,"glosses":["rag","rags"],"forms":["λαῖφος","λαίφε"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.399","id":"b13-l399","source":"ξανθὰς δʼ ἐκ κεφαλῆς ὀλέσω τρίχας, ἀμφὶ δὲ λαῖφος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.206","id":"b20-l206","source":"τοιάδε λαίφεʼ ἔχοντα κατʼ ἀνθρώπους ἀλάλησθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"λαιμός","count":1,"glosses":["the throat"],"forms":["λαιμὸν"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.15","id":"b22-l15","source":"τὸν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς κατὰ λαιμὸν ἐπισχόμενος βάλεν ἰῷ,"}]},{"lemma":"Λαιστρυγονία","count":1,"glosses":["of the Laestrygonians"],"forms":["Λαιστρυγονίην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.82","id":"b10-l82","source":"Τηλέπυλον Λαιστρυγονίην, ὅθι ποιμένα ποιμὴν"}]},{"lemma":"Λαιστρυγονίη","count":1,"glosses":["Laestrygonian"],"forms":["Λαιστρυγονίην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.318","id":"b23-l318","source":"ἠδʼ ὡς Τηλέπυλον Λαιστρυγονίην ἀφίκανεν,"}]},{"lemma":"Λαιστρυγών","count":3,"glosses":["of the Laestrygonian","Laestrygonians","Laestrygonian"],"forms":["Λαιστρυγόνος","Λαιστρυγόνες"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"Genitive epithet-noun modifying Antiphates, the cannibal Laestrygonian king from Book 10's earlier episode.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.106","id":"b10-l106","source":"θυγατέρʼ ἰφθίμῃ Λαιστρυγόνος Ἀντιφάταο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.119","id":"b10-l119","source":"φοίτων ἴφθιμοι Λαιστρυγόνες ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.199","id":"b10-l199","source":"μνησαμένοις ἔργων Λαιστρυγόνος Ἀντιφάταο"}]},{"lemma":"Λακεδαίμων","count":10,"glosses":["Lacedaemon","to Lacedaemon","in Lacedaemon"],"forms":["Λακεδαίμονα","Λακεδαίμονι"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":"Λακεδαίμων, i.e. Sparta, home of Menelaus and Helen, where Telemachus is visiting.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.326","id":"b3-l326","source":"ἐς Λακεδαίμονα δῖαν, ὅθι ξανθὸς Μενέλαος."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.1","id":"b4-l1","source":"οἱ δʼ ἷξον κοίλην Λακεδαίμονα κητώεσσαν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.313","id":"b4-l313","source":"ἐς Λακεδαίμονα δῖαν, ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης;"}]},{"lemma":"λακτίζω","count":2,"glosses":["kicking"],"forms":["λακτίζων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.99","id":"b18-l99","source":"λακτίζων ποσὶ γαῖαν· ἀτὰρ μνηστῆρες ἀγαυοὶ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.88","id":"b22-l88","source":"λακτίζων ἐτίνασσε· κατʼ ὀφθαλμῶν δʼ ἔχυτʼ ἀχλύς."}]},{"lemma":"λαμβάνω","count":45,"glosses":["seized","taking","took","takes hold of","won","catch hold of","seized, laid hold of","having clasped","having grasped","taking in","might catch","grasping","taking, grabbing","taking, grasping","grasped","you take","having taken","catching","grabbing","taking hold","caught","took up","let him take","taking up","he took"],"forms":["λαβὼν","λάβε","ἔλλαβε","λαβοῦσα","ἔλαβεν","λαβόντες","λαβών","λάβῃσιν","λελαβέσθαι","ἐλλάβετ","λαβόντι","λάβοι","λάβητε","λάβεν","λάβον","ἔλλαβεν","λαβέτω"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle infinitive","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active imperative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"ἔλλαβε, aorist of λαμβάνω with the epic geminated λλ (for ἔλαβε) — a metrically useful reduplicated spelling common in Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.192","id":"b1-l192","source":"παρτιθεῖ, εὖτʼ ἄν μιν κάματος κατὰ γυῖα λάβῃσιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.298","id":"b1-l298","source":"ἢ οὐκ ἀίεις οἷον κλέος ἔλλαβε δῖος Ὀρέστης"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.388","id":"b4-l388","source":"τόν γʼ εἴ πως σὺ δύναιο λοχησάμενος λελαβέσθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"λαμπετάω","count":1,"glosses":["blazing"],"forms":["λαμπετόωντι"],"morphology":["present active participle, dative singular neuter"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.662","id":"b4-l662","source":"πίμπλαντʼ, ὄσσε δέ οἱ πυρὶ λαμπετόωντι ἐίκτην·"}]},{"lemma":"Λαμπετίη","count":2,"glosses":["Lampetie"],"forms":["Λαμπετίη"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"the other daughter of Helios, name meaning 'the radiant one.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.132","id":"b12-l132","source":"νύμφαι ἐυπλόκαμοι, Φαέθουσά τε Λαμπετίη τε,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.375","id":"b12-l375","source":"Λαμπετίη τανύπεπλος, ὅ οἱ βόας ἔκταμεν ἡμεῖς."}]},{"lemma":"λαμπρός","count":1,"glosses":["bright"],"forms":["λαμπρὸς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.234","id":"b19-l234","source":"τὼς μὲν ἔην μαλακός, λαμπρὸς δʼ ἦν ἠέλιος ὥς·"}]},{"lemma":"λαμπτήρ","count":3,"glosses":["braziers","the braziers"],"forms":["λαμπτῆρας","λαμπτῆρσι","λαμπτήρων"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun"],"note":"λαμπτήρ, a standing brazier/torch-stand for lighting a hall — concrete epic household detail","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.307","id":"b18-l307","source":"αὐτίκα λαμπτῆρας τρεῖς ἵστασαν ἐν μεγάροισιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.343","id":"b18-l343","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ πὰρ λαμπτῆρσι φαείνων αἰθομένοισιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.63","id":"b19-l63","source":"πῦρ δʼ ἀπὸ λαμπτήρων χαμάδις βάλον, ἄλλα δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν"}]},{"lemma":"λανθάνω","count":32,"glosses":["escaped notice","escape notice","escaped notice of","forget","forgot","to forget","I will forget","she escaped notice","makes forget","he escaped notice","they might forget","escape notice of","slip away","I forgot","did not forget","will escape notice of","failed to notice","hiding from","escapes notice of","went unnoticed","will escape 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people","the people","people","host","of men","of armies","by the people","to the people","his people","men/people","host/people","people, folk","host, people","host, army","the crew","of hosts","of people","your people","men"],"forms":["λαῶν","λαοὶ","λαὸν","λαοῖσι","λαός","λαοὺς","λαὸς","λαοῖσιν","λαούς"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","vocative plural masculine noun"],"note":"ποιμένι λαῶν, 'shepherd of the people(s)', a classic Homeric epithet for a king or leader.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.13","id":"b2-l13","source":"τὸν δʼ ἄρα πάντες λαοὶ ἐπερχόμενον θηεῦντο·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.41","id":"b2-l41","source":"ὃς λαὸν ἤγειρα· μάλιστα δέ μʼ ἄλγος ἱκάνει."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.81","id":"b2-l81","source":"δάκρυʼ ἀναπρήσας· οἶκτος δʼ ἕλε λαὸν ἅπαντα."}]},{"lemma":"Λαοδάμας","count":5,"glosses":["Laodamas"],"forms":["Λαοδάμαντα","Λαοδάμας","Λαοδάμα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Vocative of address; implied head (\"son\") is elided, common in vocative epithets.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.170","id":"b7-l170","source":"υἱὸν ἀναστήσας ἀγαπήνορα Λαοδάμαντα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.117","id":"b8-l117","source":"πάντων Φαιήκων μετʼ ἀμύμονα Λαοδάμαντα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.119","id":"b8-l119","source":"Λαοδάμας θʼ Ἅλιός τε καὶ ἀντίθεος Κλυτόνηος."}]},{"lemma":"λαοδάμας","count":3,"glosses":["Laodamas"],"forms":["Λαοδάμα","Λαοδάμαντος","Λαοδάμαντα"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine noun","genitive singular 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Ἀθήνην."}]},{"lemma":"Λαπίθαι","count":1,"glosses":["the Lapiths"],"forms":["Λαπίθας"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.297","id":"b21-l297","source":"ἐς Λαπίθας ἐλθόνθʼ· ὁ δʼ ἐπεὶ φρένας ἄασεν οἴνῳ,"}]},{"lemma":"λαρός","count":3,"glosses":["most delicious","savory","tasty"],"forms":["λαρὸν","λαρώτατος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"λαρώτατος, superlative of λαρός 'pleasant to taste' — a rare epic adjective almost exclusive to describing food/drink.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.350","id":"b2-l350","source":"ἡδύν, ὅτις μετὰ τὸν λαρώτατος ὃν σὺ φυλάσσεις"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.283","id":"b12-l283","source":"νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ λαρὸν τετυκοίμεθα δόρπον,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.408","id":"b14-l408","source":"εἶεν, ἵνʼ ἐν κλισίῃ λαρὸν τετυκοίμεθα δόρπον."}]},{"lemma":"λαύρα","count":2,"glosses":["a passage","of the passage"],"forms":["λαύρην","λαύρης"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.128","id":"b22-l128","source":"ἦν ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην, σανίδες δʼ ἔχον εὖ ἀραρυῖαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.137","id":"b22-l137","source":"αὐλῆς καλὰ θύρετρα καὶ ἀργαλέον στόμα λαύρης·"}]},{"lemma":"λέβης","count":14,"glosses":["basin","cauldron","cauldrons","a basin","a cauldron","of cauldrons"],"forms":["λέβητος","λέβητι","λέβητας","λέβης","λέβητα","λεβήτων","λέβηθ"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun"],"note":"The formulaic hand-washing scene (gold pitcher over a silver basin) is a stock Homeric hospitality motif repeated before meals throughout the epics.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.137","id":"b1-l137","source":"καλῇ χρυσείῃ, ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.440","id":"b3-l440","source":"χέρνιβα δέ σφʼ Ἄρητος ἐν ἀνθεμόεντι λέβητι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.53","id":"b4-l53","source":"καλῇ χρυσείῃ ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος,"}]},{"lemma":"λέγω","count":33,"glosses":["lay down","telling","tell","let us speak","will lie down","counted","lie down","gathering","I would lie down","was telling","you will lie","was counted/reckoned","he had told","I will lie down","he lay down","saying","let me lie","may lie down","told","we gathered","could gather"],"forms":["λέγων","λέκτο","λέγε","λέξομαι","λεγώμεθα","λεξαίμην","εἰπὲ","ἐλέξατο","λέξεται","λέξεαι","ἐλέγμην","λέξο","ἔλεξεν","ἔλεκτο","λέξεο","ἔλεγ","λέγομεν","λέξαιτο","λέξοντες"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verb","aorist passive imperative, singular verb","future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active imperative, second singular","aorist optative, 1st singular verb","future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","future middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist passive indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle optative, 1st singular verb","aorist middle subjunctive, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural 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ending.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.437","id":"b1-l437","source":"ἕζετο δʼ ἐν λέκτρῳ, μαλακὸν δʼ ἔκδυνε χιτῶνα·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.292","id":"b8-l292","source":"δεῦρο, φίλη, λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν\n                     εὐνηθέντες·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.337","id":"b8-l337","source":"εὕδειν ἐν λέκτροισι παρὰ χρυσέῃ Ἀφροδίτῃ;"}]},{"lemma":"Λέσβος","count":3,"glosses":["Lesbos"],"forms":["Λέσβῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.169","id":"b3-l169","source":"ἐν Λέσβῳ δʼ ἔκιχεν δολιχὸν πλόον ὁρμαίνοντας,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.342","id":"b4-l342","source":"τοῖος ἐών, οἷός ποτʼ ἐυκτιμένῃ ἐνὶ Λέσβῳ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.133","id":"b17-l133","source":"τοῖος ἐὼν οἷός ποτʼ ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐνὶ Λέσβῳ"}]},{"lemma":"λέσχη","count":1,"glosses":["lounging-place"],"forms":["λέσχην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.329","id":"b18-l329","source":"ἠέ που ἐς λέσχην, ἀλλʼ ἐνθάδε πόλλʼ ἀγορεύεις,"}]},{"lemma":"λέχος","count":23,"glosses":["bed","the bed","bedsteads","bedstead","a bed","her bed","the bedstead","the couch","in bed","a bier","bier, bed"],"forms":["λέχος","λεχέεσσι","λεχέεσσιν","λέχεσσι","λεχέων","λέχει"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","dative plural neuter noun","genitive plural neuter noun","dative singular neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun"],"note":"Epic dative plural in -εσσιν, a formulaic ending common in Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.366","id":"b1-l366","source":"πάντες δʼ ἠρήσαντο παραὶ λεχέεσσι κλιθῆναι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.440","id":"b1-l440","source":"πασσάλῳ ἀγκρεμάσασα παρὰ τρητοῖσι λέχεσσι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.399","id":"b3-l399","source":"τρητοῖς ἐν λεχέεσσιν ὑπʼ αἰθούσῃ ἐριδούπῳ,"}]},{"lemma":"λέχοσδε","count":1,"glosses":["to bed"],"forms":["λέχοσδε"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":"λέχοσδε, directional -δε suffix, 'toward the bed.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.294","id":"b23-l294","source":"ἐρχομένοισι λέχοσδε, δάος μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχουσα·"}]},{"lemma":"λέων","count":11,"glosses":["lion","lions","a lion"],"forms":["λέων","λέοντες","λέοντος","λέοντας","λέοντα"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Extended epic simile begins here: a doe unwittingly beds her fawns in a lion's den, thinking them safe — a figure for the suitors' false security before Odysseus (the lion) returns and destroys them.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.335","id":"b4-l335","source":"ὡς δʼ ὁπότʼ ἐν ξυλόχῳ ἔλαφος κρατεροῖο λέοντος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.456","id":"b4-l456","source":"ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι πρώτιστα λέων γένετʼ ἠυγένειος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.791","id":"b4-l791","source":"ὅσσα δὲ μερμήριξε λέων ἀνδρῶν ἐν ὁμίλῳ"}]},{"lemma":"λεαίνω","count":1,"glosses":["smoothed"],"forms":["λείηναν"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.260","id":"b8-l260","source":"λείηναν δὲ χορόν, καλὸν δʼ εὔρυναν ἀγῶνα."}]},{"lemma":"λείβω","count":10,"glosses":["shedding","poured libations","poured","letting fall","to pour","having poured a libation"],"forms":["λείβων","λεῖβον","λεῖβε","λεῖψαι","λείψαντε"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active 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left, remain behind","failed"],"forms":["λίπε","λιπὼν","λίπον","λιπόμην","λίπεν","ἐλείπομεν","λιπέσθαι","ἔλειπε","λίποι","ἐλίποντο","λεῖπε","λίπ","λέλειπτο","ἔλειπες","λέλοιπεν","λίπωνται","λιπέτω","λιπέτην","λίπομεν","λίποντο","λίπεθ","λείψω","λίπηται","ἔλειπεν","λιπόντα","ἐλέλειπτο","λελειμμένος","ἐλείπετε","λίπῃ","ἔλιπε","ἔλειπον","λιποῦσα","λιποῦσαν","λιπόντε","λείποι","λιποίμην","λείπονται"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist 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ἀγορεύει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.200","id":"b8-l200","source":"χαὶρων, οὕνεχʼ ἑταῖρον ἐνηέα λεῦσσʼ ἐν ἀγῶνι."}]},{"lemma":"λευγαλέος","count":9,"glosses":["wretched","grievous","pitiful"],"forms":["λευγαλέῳ","λευγαλέοι","λευγαλέοισι","λευγαλέοισιν"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine adjective","dative plural neuter adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"epic form λευγαλέῳ stacks with πτωχῷ for pathos before the epithet-like ἠδὲ γέροντι.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.61","id":"b2-l61","source":"λευγαλέοι τʼ ἐσόμεσθα καὶ οὐ δεδαηκότες ἀλκήν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.312","id":"b5-l312","source":"νῦν δέ λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ εἵμαρτο ἁλῶναι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.359","id":"b15-l359","source":"λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ, ὡς μὴ θάνοι ὅς τις ἐμοί γε"}]},{"lemma":"Λευκάς","count":1,"glosses":["White"],"forms":["Λευκάδα"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine 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ἐστίν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.124","id":"b22-l124","source":"ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν·"}]},{"lemma":"λόχμη","count":1,"glosses":["a thicket"],"forms":["λόχμῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.439","id":"b19-l439","source":"ἔνθα δʼ ἄρʼ ἐν λόχμῃ πυκινῇ κατέκειτο μέγας σῦς·"}]},{"lemma":"λόχονδε","count":1,"glosses":["for ambush"],"forms":["λόχονδε"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.217","id":"b14-l217","source":"καὶ ῥηξηνορίην· ὁπότε κρίνοιμι λόχονδε"}]},{"lemma":"λόχος","count":9,"glosses":["ambush","the ambush","companies"],"forms":["λόχον","λόχος","λόχου","λόχοι"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"λόχον: 'he set an ambush' — concrete term for a hidden band 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smoothness.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.233","id":"b19-l233","source":"οἷόν τε κρομύοιο λοπὸν κάτα ἰσχαλέοιο·"}]},{"lemma":"λούω","count":28,"glosses":["bathed","having bathed","they washed","to bathe","was bathing","having bathed him","wash him","bathe","washed himself","had bathed","she washed","she bathed","washed","wash yourselves","he had bathed"],"forms":["λοῦσαν","λοῦσεν","λοῦσέν","λούσαντο","λοεσσάμενός","λόεον","λούσασα","λοεσσάμεναι","λούσατέ","λοῦσθαι","λοέσσομαι","λοέσσατο","λοῦσ","λούσασθαι","λό","λοέσσαι","λούσασθε","λούσαιτο"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist middle participle, nominative plural feminine","aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","present medio-passive infinitive","aorist middle subjunctive, 1st singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist middle imperative, 2nd plural verb","aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"λούσαντο middle voice, 'washed themselves', vs. active λοῦσαν (others washed them) next line","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.310","id":"b1-l310","source":"ὄφρα λοεσσάμενός τε τεταρπόμενός τε φίλον κῆρ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.464","id":"b3-l464","source":"τόφρα δὲ Τηλέμαχον λοῦσεν καλὴ Πολυκάστη,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.466","id":"b3-l466","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ λοῦσέν τε καὶ ἔχρισεν λίπʼ ἐλαίῳ,"}]},{"lemma":"λουτρόν","count":3,"glosses":["baths","of baths"],"forms":["λοετρῶν","λοετρά","λοέτρ"],"morphology":["genitive plural neuter noun","nominative plural neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.275","id":"b5-l275","source":"οἴη δʼ ἄμμορός ἐστι λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.249","id":"b8-l249","source":"εἵματά τʼ ἐξημοιβὰ λοετρά τε θερμὰ καὶ εὐναί."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.451","id":"b8-l451","source":"θερμὰ λοέτρʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι κομιζόμενός γε θάμιζεν,"}]},{"lemma":"λουτροχόος","count":2,"glosses":["bath-heating","to bath-woman"],"forms":["λοετροχόον","λοετροχόῳ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"λοετροχόος, 'bath-pourer', the servant who tended guests' baths","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.435","id":"b8-l435","source":"αἱ δὲ λοετροχόον τρίποδʼ ἵστασαν ἐν πυρὶ κηλέῳ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.297","id":"b20-l297","source":"ἠὲ λοετροχόῳ δώῃ γέρας ἠέ τῳ ἄλλῳ"}]},{"lemma":"λοφιά","count":1,"glosses":["his mane"],"forms":["λοφιήν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"λοφιά is the ridge of bristles along a boar's back/neck — vivid physical detail of the beast's rage.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.446","id":"b19-l446","source":"φρίξας εὖ λοφιήν, πῦρ δʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσι δεδορκώς,"}]},{"lemma":"λοχάω","count":10,"glosses":["lying in ambush","lying in wait","lie in wait for","I may ambush","lie in ambush","having ambushed"],"forms":["λοχησάμενος","λοχόωντες","λοχήσομαι","λοχόωσι","λοχῶσιν","λοχόωσιν","λοχήσας"],"morphology":["aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","aorist middle subjunctive, 1st singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"λοχάω 'lie in wait' — the very trick Menelaus used, disguised in sealskins","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.388","id":"b4-l388","source":"τόν γʼ εἴ πως σὺ δύναιο λοχησάμενος λελαβέσθαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.463","id":"b4-l463","source":"ὄφρα μʼ ἕλοις ἀέκοντα λοχησάμενος; τέο σε χρή;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.670","id":"b4-l670","source":"ὄφρα μιν αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω"}]},{"lemma":"λύγος","count":2,"glosses":["withies"],"forms":["λύγοισιν","λύγους"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":"λύγος = pliant willow twigs used as rope, a real Homeric detail of shepherd craft","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.427","id":"b9-l427","source":"τοὺς ἀκέων συνέεργον ἐυστρεφέεσσι λύγοισιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.166","id":"b10-l166","source":"εἴασʼ· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ σπασάμην ῥῶπάς τε λύγους τε,"}]},{"lemma":"λύθρον","count":1,"glosses":["gore"],"forms":["λύθρῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.402","id":"b22-l402","source":"αἵματι καὶ λύθρῳ πεπαλαγμένον ὥστε λέοντα,"}]},{"lemma":"λύκος","count":3,"glosses":["wolves"],"forms":["λύκοι","λύκους"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.212","id":"b10-l212","source":"ἀμφὶ δέ μιν λύκοι ἦσαν ὀρέστεροι ἠδὲ λέοντες,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.218","id":"b10-l218","source":"ὣς τοὺς ἀμφὶ λύκοι κρατερώνυχες ἠδὲ λέοντες"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.433","id":"b10-l433","source":"ἢ σῦς ἠὲ λύκους ποιήσεται ἠὲ λέοντας,"}]},{"lemma":"λύσις","count":1,"glosses":["release"],"forms":["λύσιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.421","id":"b9-l421","source":"εἴ τινʼ ἑταίροισιν θανάτου λύσιν ἠδʼ ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ"}]},{"lemma":"λύχνον","count":1,"glosses":["lamp"],"forms":["λύχνον"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.34","id":"b19-l34","source":"χρύσεον λύχνον ἔχουσα, φάος περικαλλὲς ἐποίει."}]},{"lemma":"λύω","count":57,"glosses":["loosed","to loose","gave way","were loosened","freed","dissolves","broke up","loosed, undid","unyoke","release, let go","gave way, were loosed","settles","are loosened","might free","release him","were freed","I freed myself","they loosed","to free","she may free","freeing","free them","to free, loosen","broke/tore loose","set free","we loosed","were loosing","have freed","were loosed","went slack","were slack","are slack","loosening","had come undone","gave way, melted","releasing","loosened"],"forms":["λύτο","ἔλυσαν","λῦσαι","ἔλυσε","λῦσαί","λύθεν","λῦσε","λύει","λῦσεν","λῦσαν","λέλυνται","λῦσον","λύων","λύ","ἔλυον","λύσειεν","λυόμην","λυσόμενος","λύσῃ","λύσασθ","λύομεν","λύον","λελῦτο","λέλυντο","ἔλυσα"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","future middle participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist middle subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","aorist middle infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"imperative λῦ(ε) 'loose!' — Menelaus's command breaking off his rebuke","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.69","id":"b2-l69","source":"ἥ τʼ ἀνδρῶν ἀγορὰς ἠμὲν λύει ἠδὲ καθίζει·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.257","id":"b2-l257","source":"ὣς ἄρʼ ἐφώνησεν, λῦσεν δʼ ἀγορὴν αἰψηρήν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.418","id":"b2-l418","source":"ἕζετο Τηλέμαχος. τοὶ δὲ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔλυσαν,"}]},{"lemma":"λυγρός","count":31,"glosses":["wretched","grievous","grim","grim things","grievous, sorrowful","bitter","baneful, harmful","baleful","shabby","miserable","sorry, ragged","sorrows","grievous, baneful","sorry, wretched"],"forms":["λυγρὸν","λυγρὰ","λυγρά","λυγρῷ","λυγρῆς","λύγρ","λυγρόν","λυγροῖς","λυγρὸς","λυγρήν"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","genitive singular feminine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","dative singular neuter adjective","dative plural masculine adjective","nominative plural neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular feminine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"λύγρα 'baleful/harmful' modifying φάρμακα, the drugs hidden in the feast.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.327","id":"b1-l327","source":"λυγρόν, ὃν ἐκ Τροίης ἐπετείλατο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.341","id":"b1-l341","source":"λυγρῆς, ἥ τέ μοι αἰεὶ ἐνὶ στήθεσσι φίλον κῆρ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.70","id":"b2-l70","source":"σχέσθε, φίλοι, καί μʼ οἶον ἐάσατε πένθεϊ λυγρῷ"}]},{"lemma":"λυκάβας","count":2,"glosses":["year"],"forms":["λυκάβαντος"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"λυκάβας, a rare poetic word for 'year/cycle of seasons' — used only here and once elsewhere in Homer, disputed etymology","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.161","id":"b14-l161","source":"τοῦδʼ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος ἐλεύσεται ἐνθάδʼ Ὀδυσσεύς."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.306","id":"b19-l306","source":"τοῦδʼ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος ἐλεύσεται ἐνθάδʼ Ὀδυσσεύς,"}]},{"lemma":"λυπρός","count":1,"glosses":["poor"],"forms":["λυπρή"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.243","id":"b13-l243","source":"οὐδὲ λίην λυπρή, ἀτὰρ οὐδʼ εὐρεῖα τέτυκται."}]},{"lemma":"λυσιμελής","count":2,"glosses":["limb-loosening"],"forms":["λυσιμελής","λυσιμελὴς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"Epithet for sleep (ὕπνος), elided from prior line; 'limb-loosener' formula for deep sleep.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.57","id":"b20-l57","source":"λυσιμελής, ἄλοχος δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπέγρετο κεδνὰ ἰδυῖα·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.343","id":"b23-l343","source":"λυσιμελὴς ἐπόρουσε, λύων μελεδήματα θυμοῦ."}]},{"lemma":"λώβη","count":7,"glosses":["disgrace","from outrage","insolence","the outrage","abuse","outrage","a disgrace"],"forms":["λώβην","λώβη","λώβης"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"λώβη 'outrage, disgrace' as predicate noun, strong moral judgment opening the sentence for emphasis.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.225","id":"b18-l225","source":"σοί κʼ αἶσχος λώβη τε μετʼ ἀνθρώποισι πέλοιτο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.347","id":"b18-l347","source":"λώβης ἴσχεσθαι θυμαλγέος, ὄφρʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.373","id":"b19-l373","source":"τάων νῦν λώβην τε καὶ αἴσχεα πόλλʼ ἀλεείνων"}]},{"lemma":"λώπη","count":1,"glosses":["cloak"],"forms":["λώπην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.224","id":"b13-l224","source":"δίπτυχον ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἔχουσʼ εὐεργέα λώπην·"}]},{"lemma":"λωβεύω","count":2,"glosses":["do you mock","I mock"],"forms":["λωβεύεις","λωβεύω"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.15","id":"b23-l15","source":"τίπτε με λωβεύεις πολυπενθέα θυμὸν ἔχουσαν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.26","id":"b23-l26","source":"οὔ τί σε λωβεύω, τέκνον φίλον, ἀλλʼ ἔτυμόν τοι"}]},{"lemma":"λωίων","count":5,"glosses":["better","more profitable","more generously"],"forms":["λωίτερον","λώϊον","λώιόν"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter adjective","accusative singular neuter comparative adjective","nominative singular neuter comparative adjective"],"note":"λωίτερον, an old comparative form of ἀγαθός ('better'), paired with ἄμεινον for emphasis — two near-synonym comparatives stacked together.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.376","id":"b1-l376","source":"εἰ δʼ ὕμιν δοκέει τόδε λωίτερον καὶ ἄμεινον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.141","id":"b2-l141","source":"εἰ δʼ ὑμῖν δοκέει τόδε λωίτερον καὶ ἄμεινον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.169","id":"b2-l169","source":"παυέσθων· καὶ γάρ σφιν ἄφαρ τόδε λώιόν ἐστιν."}]},{"lemma":"λωτός","count":5,"glosses":["of lotus","clover","lotus"],"forms":["λωτοῖο","λωτὸς","λωτὸν"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Partitive genitive again with a verb of tasting (πάσασθαι) — 'some lotus,' not the whole plant.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.603","id":"b4-l603","source":"εὐρέος, ᾧ ἔνι μὲν λωτὸς πολύς, ἐν δὲ κύπειρον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.93","id":"b9-l93","source":"ἡμετέροις, ἀλλά σφι δόσαν λωτοῖο πάσασθαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.94","id":"b9-l94","source":"τῶν δʼ ὅς τις λωτοῖο φάγοι μελιηδέα καρπόν,"}]},{"lemma":"Λωτοφάγοι","count":5,"glosses":["Lotus-eaters","of the Lotus-eaters","Lotus-eating","of Lotus-eaters"],"forms":["Λωτοφάγων","Λωτοφάγοισιν","Λωτοφάγοι","Λωτοφάγοισι"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"Λωτοφάγοι, a 'speaking name' compound (λωτός + φαγ-) built right into the ethnonym.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.84","id":"b9-l84","source":"γαίης Λωτοφάγων, οἵ τʼ ἄνθινον εἶδαρ ἔδουσιν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.91","id":"b9-l91","source":"οἱ δʼ αἶψʼ οἰχόμενοι μίγεν ἀνδράσι Λωτοφάγοισιν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.92","id":"b9-l92","source":"οὐδʼ ἄρα Λωτοφάγοι μήδονθʼ ἑτάροισιν ὄλεθρον"}]},{"lemma":"λωφάω","count":1,"glosses":["would find relief"],"forms":["λωφήσειε"],"morphology":["aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.460","id":"b9-l460","source":"λωφήσειε κακῶν, τά μοι οὐτιδανὸς πόρεν Οὖτις."}]}]}