{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"ν","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/words/nu","headwords":[{"lemma":"νάκος","count":1,"glosses":["fleece"],"forms":["νάκην"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.530","id":"b14-l530","source":"ἂν δὲ νάκην ἕλετʼ αἰγὸς ἐϋτρεφέος μεγάλοιο,"}]},{"lemma":"νάσσω","count":1,"glosses":["stamped firm"],"forms":["ἔναξε"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.122","id":"b21-l122","source":"ἀμφὶ δὲ γαῖαν ἔναξε· τάφος δʼ ἕλε πάντας ἰδόντας,"}]},{"lemma":"νάω","count":1,"glosses":["flows"],"forms":["νάει"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.292","id":"b6-l292","source":"αἰγείρων· ἐν δὲ κρήνη νάει, ἀμφὶ δὲ λειμών·"}]},{"lemma":"ναί","count":4,"glosses":["yes"],"forms":["ναὶ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.266","id":"b4-l266","source":"ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα, γύναι, κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.170","id":"b18-l170","source":"ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα, τέκος, κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.37","id":"b20-l37","source":"ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα, θεά, κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες·"}]},{"lemma":"ναίω","count":43,"glosses":["dwelt","dwelling","dwells","to dwell","dwell","lived","settled","lives","was dwelling","you dwell","swam","he dwelt","I dwelt","lived, dwelt","I dwell"],"forms":["ναίει","ναίων","ἔναιον","ναίουσι","ναῖε","ἔναιε","ναῖεν","ναίειν","ἔναι","νάσσα","ναίεις","ναίοντες","ναῖον","ἔναιεν","ναιέμεν","ναιομένην","ναιέμεναι","ναίω"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active infinitive","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","present medio-passive participle, accusative singular feminine","present active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"ναίω imperfect, 'dwelt' — epic verb for inhabiting a place","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.51","id":"b1-l51","source":"νῆσος δενδρήεσσα, θεὰ δʼ ἐν δώματα ναίει,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.292","id":"b3-l292","source":"ἧχι Κύδωνες ἔναιον Ἰαρδάνου ἀμφὶ ῥέεθρα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.98","id":"b4-l98","source":"ναίειν, οἱ δʼ ἄνδρες σόοι ἔμμεναι, οἳ τότʼ ὄλοντο"}]},{"lemma":"Ναιάς","count":3,"glosses":["Naiads"],"forms":["νηϊάδες"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun","vocative plural feminine noun"],"note":"νηϊάδες, water-nymphs, named for νᾶμα 'stream' — nymphs of springs and fountains","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.104","id":"b13-l104","source":"ἱρὸν νυμφάων αἱ νηϊάδες καλέονται."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.348","id":"b13-l348","source":"ἱρὸν νυμφάων, αἳ νηϊάδες καλέονται·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.356","id":"b13-l356","source":"νύμφαι νηϊάδες, κοῦραι Διός, οὔ ποτʼ ἐγώ γε"}]},{"lemma":"ναιετάω","count":23,"glosses":["dwelling","situated","well-situated","well-built","being inhabited","dwell","well-settled","I dwell","lie/dwell","dwelt","well-situated, well-built","well-built, dwelt in","well-built, dwelt-in","built, situated"],"forms":["ναιετάοντας","ναιεταόντων","ναιετάων","ναιετοώσης","ναιετάοντα","ναιετάουσιν","ναιετοώσας","ναιετάω","ναιετάουσι","ναιετάασκε"],"morphology":["present active participle, accusative plural masculine","present active participle, genitive plural neuter","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, genitive singular feminine","present active participle, accusative singular masculine","present active participle, accusative plural feminine","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, genitive plural masculine"],"note":"Genitive absolute Ἰθάκης ... ναιετοώσης sets an independent time-frame: 'while Ithaca still stands inhabited.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.404","id":"b1-l404","source":"κτήματʼ ἀπορραίσει, Ἰθάκης ἔτι ναιετοώσης."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.400","id":"b2-l400","source":"ἐκπροκαλεσσαμένη μεγάρων ἐὺ ναιεταόντων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.96","id":"b4-l96","source":"εὖ μάλα ναιετάοντα, κεχανδότα πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά."}]},{"lemma":"ναός","count":3,"glosses":["temples","temple","from the ships"],"forms":["νηοὺς","νηὸν","νηῶν"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.10","id":"b6-l10","source":"καὶ νηοὺς ποίησε θεῶν, καὶ ἐδάσσατʼ ἀρούρας."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.346","id":"b12-l346","source":"αἶψά κεν Ἠελίῳ Ὑπερίονι πίονα νηὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.496","id":"b14-l496","source":"λίην γὰρ νηῶν ἑκὰς ἤλθομεν· ἀλλά τις εἴη"}]},{"lemma":"ναύλοχος","count":2,"glosses":["safe for ships","sheltering"],"forms":["ναύλοχοι","ναύλοχον"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"ναύλοχος, 'ship-holding' — compound describing a natural anchorage safe from storms","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.846","id":"b4-l846","source":"Ἀστερίς, οὐ μεγάλη· λιμένες δʼ ἔνι ναύλοχοι αὐτῇ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.141","id":"b10-l141","source":"ναύλοχον ἐς λιμένα, καί τις θεὸς ἡγεμόνευεν."}]},{"lemma":"ναύτης","count":8,"glosses":["sailors","of sailors"],"forms":["ναῦται","ναυτάων","ναυτέων"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun","vocative plural masculine noun"],"note":"Vocative ναῦται addresses the crew directly, breaking into the narrated speech.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.171","id":"b1-l171","source":"ὁπποίης τʼ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἀφίκεο· πῶς δέ σε ναῦται"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.162","id":"b8-l162","source":"ἀρχὸς ναυτάων οἵ τε πρηκτῆρες ἔασιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.138","id":"b9-l138","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐπικέλσαντας μεῖναι χρόνον εἰς ὅ κε ναυτέων"}]},{"lemma":"ναῦς","count":411,"glosses":["ship","ships","the ship","of the ship","a ship","the ships","of ships","of a ship","from the ship","of ship","in ships","in a ship","in ship","by ship","the ship's","for ships","with ships","ship's","at the ship","his ship","in the ships","on a ship","in the ship","against ships","of the ships","with the ship","your ship","in your ship","with ship","to the ship"],"forms":["νῆα","νηὸς","νηὶ","νηῒ","νηῦς","νῆας","νηυσὶ","νῆες","νεὸς","νηῶν","νηυσὶν","νήεσσι","νηί","νέας","νηός","νῆάς","νέες","νηυσίν","νῆ","νεῶν","νηυσί","νῆά","νέα","νεός","νῆάδ","νέεσσιν","νήεσσ","ναῦφιν","νηΐ","νήεσσιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun","dative plural feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun","adverb"],"note":"νηῦς/ναῦς is an old root noun with a very irregular declension across Greek dialects — worth flagging as a high-frequency irregular.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.61","id":"b1-l61","source":"Ἀργείων παρὰ νηυσὶ χαρίζετο ἱερὰ ῥέζων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.171","id":"b1-l171","source":"ὁπποίης τʼ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἀφίκεο· πῶς δέ σε ναῦται"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.182","id":"b1-l182","source":"νῦν δʼ ὧδε ξὺν νηὶ κατήλυθον ἠδʼ ἑτάροισιν"}]},{"lemma":"Ναυβολίδης","count":1,"glosses":["son of Naubolos"],"forms":["Ναυβολίδης"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.116","id":"b8-l116","source":"Ναυβολίδης, ὃς ἄριστος ἔην εἶδός τε δέμας τε"}]},{"lemma":"Ναυσίθοος","count":5,"glosses":["Nausithoos","Nausithous"],"forms":["Ναυσίθοος","Ναυσίθοον","Ναυσιθόου"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"legendary founder-king of the Phaeacians, father of Alcinous","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.7","id":"b6-l7","source":"ἔνθεν ἀναστήσας ἄγε Ναυσίθοος θεοειδής,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.56","id":"b7-l56","source":"Ναυσίθοον μὲν πρῶτα Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.62","id":"b7-l62","source":"Ναυσίθοον μεγάθυμον, ὃς ἐν Φαίηξιν ἄνασσε·"}]},{"lemma":"Ναυσικάα","count":11,"glosses":["Nausicaa"],"forms":["Ναυσικάα","Ναυσικάαν","Ναυσικάᾳ"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun","vocative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":"vocative addressing her directly, opening Athena's speech","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.17","id":"b6-l17","source":"Ναυσικάα, θυγάτηρ μεγαλήτορος Ἀλκινόοιο,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.25","id":"b6-l25","source":"Ναυσικάα, τί νύ σʼ ὧδε μεθήμονα γείνατο\n                     μήτηρ;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.49","id":"b6-l49","source":"Ναυσικάαν ἐύπεπλον· ἄφαρ δʼ ἀπεθαύμασʼ ὄνειρον,"}]},{"lemma":"ναυσικλειτός","count":1,"glosses":["famed for ships"],"forms":["ναυσικλειτοῖο"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.22","id":"b6-l22","source":"εἰδομένη κούρῃ ναυσικλειτοῖο Δύμαντος,"}]},{"lemma":"ναυσικλυτός","count":6,"glosses":["famed for ships","ship-famed"],"forms":["ναυσίκλυτοι","ναυσικλυτοὶ"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective","nominative plural feminine adjective"],"note":"ναυσικλυτός, compound epithet 'famed for ships' — fitting for the seafaring Phaeacians.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.39","id":"b7-l39","source":"τὸν δʼ ἄρα Φαίηκες ναυσικλυτοὶ οὐκ ἐνόησαν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.191","id":"b8-l191","source":"Φαίηκες δολιχήρετμοι, ναυσίκλυτοι ἄνδρες,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.369","id":"b8-l369","source":"Φαίηκες δολιχήρετμοι, ναυσίκλυτοι ἄνδρες."}]},{"lemma":"Ναυτεύς","count":1,"glosses":["Nauteus"],"forms":["Ναυτεύς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.112","id":"b8-l112","source":"Ναυτεύς τε Πρυμνεύς τε καὶ Ἀγχίαλος καὶ Ἐρετμεύς,"}]},{"lemma":"ναυτίλλομαι","count":2,"glosses":["he sails","to voyage"],"forms":["ναυτίλλεται","ναυτίλλεσθαι"],"morphology":["present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive infinitive"],"note":"ναυτίλλομαι, rare verb 'to voyage by sea,' used here of Telemachus's fatal-sounding journey","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.672","id":"b4-l672","source":"ὡς ἂν ἐπισμυγερῶς ναυτίλλεται εἵνεκα πατρός."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.246","id":"b14-l246","source":"Αἴγυπτόνδε με θυμὸς ἀνώγει ναυτίλλεσθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"ναυτιλία","count":1,"glosses":["in seamanship"],"forms":["ναυτιλίῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.253","id":"b8-l253","source":"ναυτιλίῃ καὶ ποσσὶ καὶ ὀρχηστυῖ καὶ ἀοιδῇ."}]},{"lemma":"νέα","count":2,"glosses":["ships"],"forms":["νέας"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.299","id":"b3-l299","source":"κύματʼ· ἀτὰρ τὰς πέντε νέας κυανοπρῳρείους"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.258","id":"b14-l258","source":"στῆσα δʼ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ποταμῷ νέας ἀμφιελίσσας."}]},{"lemma":"Νέαιρα","count":1,"glosses":["Neaera"],"forms":["Νέαιρα"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"a minor nymph, mother of Phaethousa and Lampetie by Helios.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.133","id":"b12-l133","source":"ἃς τέκεν Ἠελίῳ Ὑπερίονι δῖα Νέαιρα."}]},{"lemma":"νέατος","count":2,"glosses":["last","lowest"],"forms":["νείατον","νείατος"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.127","id":"b7-l127","source":"ἔνθα δὲ κοσμηταὶ πρασιαὶ παρὰ νείατον ὄρχον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.108","id":"b15-l108","source":"ἀστὴρ δʼ ὣς ἀπέλαμπεν· ἔκειτο δὲ νείατος ἄλλων."}]},{"lemma":"νέκταρ","count":3,"glosses":["nectar","of nectar"],"forms":["νέκταρ","νέκταρός"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","genitive singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.93","id":"b5-l93","source":"ἀμβροσίης πλήσασα, κέρασσε δὲ νέκταρ ἐρυθρόν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.199","id":"b5-l199","source":"τῇ δὲ παρʼ ἀμβροσίην δμῳαὶ καὶ νέκταρ ἔθηκαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.359","id":"b9-l359","source":"ἀλλὰ τόδʼ ἀμβροσίης καὶ νέκταρός ἐστιν ἀπορρώξ."}]},{"lemma":"νέκυς","count":24,"glosses":["of the dead","the dead","corpses","the corpses","among the dead","to the dead","of corpses"],"forms":["νεκύων","νεκύεσσι","νέκυας","νέκυσσιν","νεκύεσσιν","νέκυάς","νέκυς"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.518","id":"b10-l518","source":"ἀμφʼ αὐτῷ δὲ χοὴν χεῖσθαι πᾶσιν νεκύεσσιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.521","id":"b10-l521","source":"πολλὰ δὲ γουνοῦσθαι νεκύων ἀμενηνὰ κάρηνα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.530","id":"b10-l530","source":"ψυχαὶ ἐλεύσονται νεκύων κατατεθνηώτων."}]},{"lemma":"νέμεσις","count":4,"glosses":["blame","indignation","blame, reproach","retribution"],"forms":["νέμεσις","νέμεσιν"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"νέμεσις, the concept of righteous indignation/blame — a key epic-social term for what the community deems shameful.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.350","id":"b1-l350","source":"τούτῳ δʼ οὐ νέμεσις Δαναῶν κακὸν οἶτον ἀείδειν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.136","id":"b2-l136","source":"οἴκου ἀπερχομένη· νέμεσις δέ μοι ἐξ ἀνθρώπων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.330","id":"b20-l330","source":"τόφρʼ οὔ τις νέμεσις μενέμεν τʼ ἦν ἰσχέμεναί τε"}]},{"lemma":"νέμω","count":17,"glosses":["dealt out","dwell","apportions, distributes","serve","were serving out","herding","you graze","tends","distribute, pour","feed","assigned","to feed","handed round","may enjoy, possess"],"forms":["νεῖμον","νέμε","νεμόμεσθ","νέμει","ἔνεμον","νέμων","νέμεαι","νέμεται","νέμονται","ἔνειμαν","νεῖμεν","ἔνειμε","νέμεσθαι","νεῖμε","νέμηαι"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 1st plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present medio-passive infinitive","present medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"νέμω aorist imperative 'distribute/serve' — command to portion out wine to all present.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.167","id":"b2-l167","source":"οἳ νεμόμεσθʼ Ἰθάκην ἐυδείελον. ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρὶν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.188","id":"b6-l188","source":"Ζεὺς δʼ αὐτὸς νέμει ὄλβον Ὀλύμπιος ἀνθρώποισιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.179","id":"b7-l179","source":"Ποντόνοε, κρητῆρα κερασσάμενος μέθυ νεῖμον"}]},{"lemma":"νέομαι","count":48,"glosses":["to return","to go home","to come","he may return","will return","to return home","you will come home","to go","going","we should sail","go home","I set out for home","to head","I return","goes home","am going home","is returning","return","I set out","to make his way","they will come","to go back","would return"],"forms":["νέεσθαι","νέηται","νεόμην","νεῖαι","νεῖται","νεοίμεθα","νεῖτ","νέομαι","νεῖσθαι","νέονται"],"morphology":["present medio-passive infinitive","present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","present medio-passive optative, 1st plural verb","present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"νέεσθαι, epic verb 'to go/come home,' the safe homecoming (nostos) theme","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.17","id":"b1-l17","source":"τῷ οἱ ἐπεκλώσαντο θεοὶ οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.87","id":"b1-l87","source":"νόστον Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος, ὥς κε νέηται·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.205","id":"b1-l205","source":"φράσσεται ὥς κε νέηται, ἐπεὶ πολυμήχανός ἐστιν."}]},{"lemma":"νέος","count":62,"glosses":["young","young men","newly","of the young men","younger","new","of the young","recently","just now","the young men","newly, recently","a young","a younger person","younger ones","youngest","young ones","now","the young","freshly","newly/just"],"forms":["νέον","νέοι","νέων","νέῳ","νεώτερον","νεώτεροι","νέος","νέαι","νεώτατος","νέην"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective","genitive plural masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine comparative adjective","nominative plural masculine comparative adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","nominative plural feminine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","vocative plural masculine adjective","nominative singular neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine superlative adjective","accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"νέῳ agrees with τοι, 'for you, young as you are' — dative of respect/concession.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.175","id":"b1-l175","source":"ἠὲ νέον μεθέπεις ἦ καὶ πατρώιός ἐσσι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.395","id":"b1-l395","source":"πολλοὶ ἐν ἀμφιάλῳ Ἰθάκῃ, νέοι ἠδὲ παλαιοί,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.29","id":"b2-l29","source":"ἠὲ νέων ἀνδρῶν ἢ οἳ προγενέστεροί εἰσιν;"}]},{"lemma":"νέποδες","count":1,"glosses":["brood, offspring"],"forms":["νέποδες"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"νέποδες, 'children' of the sea-goddess, is an old poetic word used only of seals here","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.404","id":"b4-l404","source":"ἀμφὶ δέ μιν φῶκαι νέποδες καλῆς ἁλοσύδνης"}]},{"lemma":"νέρθε","count":1,"glosses":["below"],"forms":["νέρθε"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.352","id":"b20-l352","source":"εἰλύαται κεφαλαί τε πρόσωπά τε νέρθε τε γοῦνα."}]},{"lemma":"Νέστωρ","count":40,"glosses":["Nestor","of Nestor","to Nestor","Nestor's"],"forms":["Νέστωρ","Νέστορος","Νέστορ","Νέστορι","Νέστορα","Νέστορά"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":"'Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ' is a fixed formulaic line-end epithet for Nestor throughout the poem","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.284","id":"b1-l284","source":"πρῶτα μὲν ἐς Πύλον ἐλθὲ καὶ εἴρεο Νέστορα δῖον,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.17","id":"b3-l17","source":"ἀλλʼ ἄγε νῦν ἰθὺς κίε Νέστορος ἱπποδάμοιο·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.32","id":"b3-l32","source":"ἔνθʼ ἄρα Νέστωρ ἧστο σὺν υἱάσιν, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑταῖροι"}]},{"lemma":"νέστωρ","count":1,"glosses":["Nestor"],"forms":["Νέστωρ"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.405","id":"b3-l405","source":"ὤρνυτʼ ἄρʼ ἐξ εὐνῆφι Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ,"}]},{"lemma":"νέφος","count":12,"glosses":["clouds","cloud","with clouds","by clouds"],"forms":["νεφέεσσι","νέφεα","νέφος","νεφέεσσιν","νεφέων"],"morphology":["dative plural neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun","genitive plural neuter noun"],"note":"'black cloud of death' (θανάτοιο ... νέφος) is a Homeric death-metaphor formula.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.180","id":"b4-l180","source":"πρίν γʼ ὅτε δὴ θανάτοιο μέλαν νέφος ἀμφεκάλυψεν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.293","id":"b5-l293","source":"παντοίων ἀνέμων, σὺν δὲ νεφέεσσι κάλυψε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.303","id":"b5-l303","source":"οἵοισιν νεφέεσσι περιστέφει οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν"}]},{"lemma":"νέω","count":3,"glosses":["swimming","spun"],"forms":["νέων","νήσαντο"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"νέω 'spin thread' — the Fates spinning destiny at birth, a vivid image of predetermined fate (μοῖρα).","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.344","id":"b5-l344","source":"κάλλιπʼ, ἀτὰρ χείρεσσι νέων ἐπιμαίεο νόστου"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.442","id":"b5-l442","source":"ἷξε νέων, τῇ δή οἱ ἐείσατο χῶρος ἄριστος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.198","id":"b7-l198","source":"γιγνομένῳ νήσαντο λίνῳ, ὅτε μιν τέκε μήτηρ."}]},{"lemma":"νεᾶνις","count":1,"glosses":["unmarried"],"forms":["νεήνιδι"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.20","id":"b7-l20","source":"παρθενικῇ ἐικυῖα νεήνιδι, κάλπιν ἐχούσῃ."}]},{"lemma":"νεανίης","count":2,"glosses":["young"],"forms":["νεηνίῃ","νεηνίαι"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.278","id":"b10-l278","source":"ἐρχομένῳ πρὸς δῶμα, νεηνίῃ ἀνδρὶ ἐοικώς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.524","id":"b14-l524","source":"ἄνδρες κοιμήσαντο νεηνίαι· οὐδὲ συβώτῃ"}]},{"lemma":"νεβρός","count":3,"glosses":["fawns","fawn"],"forms":["νεβροὺς","νεβρὸν"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.336","id":"b4-l336","source":"νεβροὺς κοιμήσασα νεηγενέας γαλαθηνοὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.127","id":"b17-l127","source":"νεβροὺς κοιμήσασα νεηγενέας γαλαθηνοὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.230","id":"b19-l230","source":"ὡς οἱ χρύσεοι ἐόντες ὁ μὲν λάε νεβρὸν ἀπάγχων,"}]},{"lemma":"νεηγενής","count":2,"glosses":["newborn"],"forms":["νεηγενέας"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.336","id":"b4-l336","source":"νεβροὺς κοιμήσασα νεηγενέας γαλαθηνοὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.127","id":"b17-l127","source":"νεβροὺς κοιμήσασα νεηγενέας γαλαθηνοὺς"}]},{"lemma":"νεῖκος","count":9,"glosses":["quarrel","strife","quarrels","disputes","strife, quarrel"],"forms":["νεῖκος","νείκεα"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter noun","accusative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.74","id":"b7-l74","source":"ᾗσι τʼ ἐὺ φρονέῃσι καὶ ἀνδράσι νείκεα λύει."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.75","id":"b8-l75","source":"νεῖκος Ὀδυσσῆος καὶ Πηλεΐδεω Ἀχιλῆος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.440","id":"b12-l440","source":"κρίνων νείκεα πολλὰ δικαζομένων αἰζηῶν,"}]},{"lemma":"νεικέω","count":12,"glosses":["reproach","reviled","insulted","I rebuked","he scold, rebuke","railed at","he rebuked","rebuked","quarreling with","find fault","they reviled","rebuked, reviled"],"forms":["νείκεσσεν","νείκεε","νείκεσέ","νείκεσεν","νείκεον","νεικείῃ","νείκεσ","νείκεσσε","νεικείων","νεικέοι","νείκειον"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"νείκεε, present imperative 'do not reproach', with μή for prohibition.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.303","id":"b7-l303","source":"ἥρως, μή τοι τοὔνεκʼ ἀμύμονα νείκεε κούρην·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.158","id":"b8-l158","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Εὐρύαλος ἀπαμείβετο νείκεσέ τʼ\n                  ἄντην·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.239","id":"b8-l239","source":"νείκεσεν, ὡς ἂν σὴν ἀρετὴν βροτὸς οὔ τις ὄνοιτο,"}]},{"lemma":"νειός","count":3,"glosses":["fallow field"],"forms":["νειῷ","νειὸν"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.127","id":"b5-l127","source":"νειῷ ἔνι τριπόλῳ· οὐδὲ δὴν ἦεν ἄπυστος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.124","id":"b8-l124","source":"ὅσσον τʼ ἐν νειῷ οὖρον πέλει ἡμιόνοιιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.32","id":"b13-l32","source":"νειὸν ἀνʼ ἕλκητον βόε οἴνοπε πηκτὸν ἄροτρον·"}]},{"lemma":"νεκρός","count":7,"glosses":["of the dead","the dead","corpse","the corpse","of the dead man"],"forms":["νεκρῶν","νεκροὶ","νεκρόν","νεκρός","νεκροῦ"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine adjective","genitive plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.526","id":"b10-l526","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν εὐχῇσι λίσῃ κλυτὰ ἔθνεα νεκρῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.34","id":"b11-l34","source":"τοὺς δʼ ἐπεὶ εὐχωλῇσι λιτῇσί τε, ἔθνεα νεκρῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.475","id":"b11-l475","source":"πῶς ἔτλης Ἄϊδόσδε κατελθέμεν, ἔνθα τε νεκροὶ"}]},{"lemma":"νεμεσάω","count":20,"glosses":["blame","were indignant","I blame","he was indignant","will you be angry","would feel indignation","will be angry","feels shame","I find fault","I would blame","resents","would blame","be angry","was indignant","I am indignant","be resentful","reproach"],"forms":["νεμεσήσῃ","νεμεσήσεαι","νεμεσσᾶται","νεμεσσῶμαί","νεμεσσῶμαι","νεμέσησαν","νεμέσσα","νεμεσσήθη","νεμεσσήσαιτό","νεμεσῶ","νεμεσήσεται","—νεμεσσῶμαι"],"morphology":["present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","future indicative, 2nd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist optative, 3rd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st singular verb","aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"νεμεσσήθη conveys righteous indignation/anger at the impropriety of a guest left unattended, not shame.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.119","id":"b1-l119","source":"βῆ δʼ ἰθὺς προθύροιο, νεμεσσήθη δʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.158","id":"b1-l158","source":"ξεῖνε φίλʼ, ἦ καί μοι νεμεσήσεαι ὅττι κεν εἴπω;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.228","id":"b1-l228","source":"δαίνυσθαι κατὰ δῶμα. νεμεσσήσαιτό κεν ἀνὴρ"}]},{"lemma":"νεμεσητός","count":2,"glosses":["blameworthy","shameful"],"forms":["νεμεσσητὸν"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"impersonal predicate 'it is no cause for blame,' softening Eurymachus's plea.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.59","id":"b22-l59","source":"ἰανθῇ· πρὶν δʼ οὔ τι νεμεσσητὸν κεχολῶσθαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.489","id":"b22-l489","source":"ἕσταθʼ ἐνὶ μεγάροισι· νεμεσσητὸν δέ κεν εἴη."}]},{"lemma":"νεμεσίζομαι","count":3,"glosses":["held in awe","feels indignation","am indignant"],"forms":["νεμεσίζετο","νεμεσίζεται","νεμεσίζομαι"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"νεμεσίζομαι, middle deponent 'feel righteous anger/indignation', a key epic emotion-word.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.263","id":"b1-l263","source":"δῶκεν, ἐπεί ῥα θεοὺς νεμεσίζετο αἰὲν ἐόντας,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.138","id":"b2-l138","source":"ὑμέτερος δʼ εἰ μὲν θυμὸς νεμεσίζεται αὐτῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.239","id":"b2-l239","source":"νῦν δʼ ἄλλῳ δήμῳ νεμεσίζομαι, οἷον ἅπαντες"}]},{"lemma":"νεόδαρτος","count":2,"glosses":["freshly flayed"],"forms":["νεόδαρτα","νεόδαρτον"],"morphology":["nominative plural neuter adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.437","id":"b4-l437","source":"πάντα δʼ ἔσαν νεόδαρτα· δόλον δʼ ἐπεμήδετο πατρί."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.363","id":"b22-l363","source":"ἕστο βοὸς νεόδαρτον, ἀλύσκων κῆρα μέλαιναν."}]},{"lemma":"νεόπλυτος","count":1,"glosses":["freshly washed"],"forms":["νεόπλυτα"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.64","id":"b6-l64","source":"οἱ δʼ αἰεὶ ἐθέλουσι νεόπλυτα εἵματʼ ἔχοντες"}]},{"lemma":"νεόπριστος","count":1,"glosses":["fresh-sawn"],"forms":["νεοπρίστου"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.404","id":"b8-l404","source":"ἀργυρέη, κολεὸν δὲ νεοπρίστου ἐλέφαντος"}]},{"lemma":"νεογιλός","count":1,"glosses":["newborn"],"forms":["νεογιλῆς"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.86","id":"b12-l86","source":"τῆς ἦ τοι φωνὴ μὲν ὅση σκύλακος νεογιλῆς"}]},{"lemma":"νεοπενθής","count":1,"glosses":["fresh in grief"],"forms":["νεοπενθέα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.39","id":"b11-l39","source":"παρθενικαί τʼ ἀταλαὶ νεοπενθέα θυμὸν ἔχουσαι,"}]},{"lemma":"Νεοπτόλεμος","count":1,"glosses":["Neoptolemus"],"forms":["Νεοπτολέμοιο"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.506","id":"b11-l506","source":"αὐτάρ τοι παιδός γε Νεοπτολέμοιο φίλοιο"}]},{"lemma":"Νεστορίδης","count":10,"glosses":["son of Nestor","Nestor's son"],"forms":["Νεστορίδης","Νεστορίδη","Νεστορίδην"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Νεστορίδης, patronymic naming Pisistratus as Nestor's son, standard epic identification by lineage.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.36","id":"b3-l36","source":"πρῶτος Νεστορίδης Πεισίστρατος ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.482","id":"b3-l482","source":"πὰρ δʼ ἄρα Νεστορίδης Πεισίστρατος, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.71","id":"b4-l71","source":"φράζεο, Νεστορίδη, τῷ ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ,"}]},{"lemma":"νεστορίδης","count":1,"glosses":["son of Nestor"],"forms":["Νεστορίδη"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.195","id":"b15-l195","source":"Νεστορίδη, πῶς κέν μοι ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειας"}]},{"lemma":"νεύω","count":7,"glosses":["nodded","I nodded/signaled","signaled","I will nod","might droop"],"forms":["νεῦον","νεῦσε","νεύσω","νεῦσ","νεύοιεν","νεῦσεν","ἔνευεν"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","future active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active optative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"νεῦσε ἐπ' ὀφρύσι, 'nodded/signaled with her eyebrows' — vivid Homeric gesture idiom.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.468","id":"b9-l468","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ εἴων, ἀνὰ δʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.164","id":"b16-l164","source":"ἡ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦσε· νόησε δὲ δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.283","id":"b16-l283","source":"νεύσω μέν τοι ἐγὼ κεφαλῇ, σὺ δʼ ἔπειτα νοήσας"}]},{"lemma":"νευρά","count":5,"glosses":["bowstring","the string","string","the bowstring"],"forms":["νευρὴν","νευρήν","νευρῆς"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.587","id":"b19-l587","source":"νευρήν τʼ ἐντανύσαι διοϊστεῦσαί τε σιδήρου."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.97","id":"b21-l97","source":"νευρὴν ἐντανύσειν διοϊστεύσειν τε σιδήρου."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.410","id":"b21-l410","source":"δεξιτερῇ ἄρα χειρὶ λαβὼν πειρήσατο νευρῆς·"}]},{"lemma":"νευρή","count":2,"glosses":["the string","the bowstring"],"forms":["νευρῆφιν","νευρὴν"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.607","id":"b11-l607","source":"γυμνὸν τόξον ἔχων καὶ ἐπὶ νευρῆφιν ὀιστόν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.127","id":"b21-l127","source":"νευρὴν ἐντανύειν διοϊστεύσειν τε σιδήρου."}]},{"lemma":"νευστάζω","count":3,"glosses":["nodding"],"forms":["νευστάζων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"νευστάζων 'nodding with the brows' is a vivid gesture-verb showing Odysseus signaling silently while gagged/bound.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.194","id":"b12-l194","source":"ὀφρύσι νευστάζων· οἱ δὲ προπεσόντες ἔρεσσον."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.154","id":"b18-l154","source":"νευστάζων κεφαλῇ· δὴ γὰρ κακὸν ὄσσετο θυμός."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.240","id":"b18-l240","source":"ἧσται νευστάζων κεφαλῇ, μεθύοντι ἐοικώς,"}]},{"lemma":"νεφέλη","count":7,"glosses":["cloud","clouds","in cloud","a cloud"],"forms":["νεφέλῃ","νεφέλη","νεφέλην","νεφέλας"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":"'Black cloud of grief' is a Homeric metaphor image for being overwhelmed by sorrow.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.291","id":"b5-l291","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν σύναγεν νεφέλας, ἐτάραξε δὲ πόντον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.562","id":"b8-l562","source":"ἠέρι καὶ νεφέλῃ κεκαλυμμέναι· οὐδέ ποτέ σφιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.15","id":"b11-l15","source":"ἠέρι καὶ νεφέλῃ κεκαλυμμένοι· οὐδέ ποτʼ αὐτοὺς"}]},{"lemma":"νεφεληγερέτα","count":8,"glosses":["cloud-gatherer","cloud-gathering"],"forms":["νεφεληγερέτα"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"νεφεληγερέτα is Zeus's standing epithet ('cloud-gatherer'), a formulaic noun-title that fills out the line whenever he speaks or acts.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.63","id":"b1-l63","source":"τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.21","id":"b5-l21","source":"τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.67","id":"b9-l67","source":"νηυσὶ δʼ ἐπῶρσʼ ἄνεμον Βορέην νεφεληγερέτα Ζεὺς"}]},{"lemma":"νεώτατος","count":1,"glosses":["newest"],"forms":["νεωτάτη"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"νεωτάτη 'newest' — Telemachus voices a striking meta-poetic idea: audiences prize the latest song over the old.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.352","id":"b1-l352","source":"ἥ τις ἀκουόντεσσι νεωτάτη ἀμφιπέληται."}]},{"lemma":"νεώτερος","count":4,"glosses":["younger","too young"],"forms":["νεώτερός","νεωτέρῳ"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.49","id":"b3-l49","source":"ἀλλὰ νεώτερός ἐστιν, ὁμηλικίη δʼ ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.31","id":"b18-l31","source":"μαρναμένους· πῶς δʼ ἂν σὺ νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχοιο;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.52","id":"b18-l52","source":"ὦ φίλοι, οὔ πως ἔστι νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχεσθαι"}]},{"lemma":"νήγρετος","count":2,"glosses":["unbroken"],"forms":["νήγρετον","νήγρετος"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"νήγρετον, 'not to be woken', anticipates the magical unbroken sleep Odysseus falls into.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.74","id":"b13-l74","source":"νηὸς ἐπʼ ἰκριόφιν γλαφυρῆς, ἵνα νήγρετον εὕδοι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.80","id":"b13-l80","source":"νήγρετος, ἥδιστος, θανάτῳ ἄγχιστα ἐοικώς."}]},{"lemma":"νήδυμος","count":4,"glosses":["sweet"],"forms":["νήδυμος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"formulaic epithet 'νήδυμος ὕπνος', sweet/soothing sleep, a stock Homeric pairing","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.793","id":"b4-l793","source":"τόσσα μιν ὁρμαίνουσαν ἐπήλυθε νήδυμος ὕπνος·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.311","id":"b12-l311","source":"κλαιόντεσσι δὲ τοῖσιν ἐπήλυθε νήδυμος ὕπνος."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.366","id":"b12-l366","source":"καὶ τότε μοι βλεφάρων ἐξέσσυτο νήδυμος ὕπνος,"}]},{"lemma":"Νήιον","count":1,"glosses":["Neion"],"forms":["Νηίῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.186","id":"b1-l186","source":"ἐν λιμένι Ῥείθρῳ ὑπὸ Νηίῳ ὑλήεντι."}]},{"lemma":"νήιος","count":2,"glosses":["ship's","of the ship"],"forms":["νήιον","νήια"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","accusative plural neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.384","id":"b9-l384","source":"δίνεον, ὡς ὅτε τις τρυπῷ δόρυ νήιον ἀνὴρ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.498","id":"b9-l498","source":"σύν κεν ἄραξʼ ἡμέων κεφαλὰς καὶ νήια δοῦρα"}]},{"lemma":"νήπιος","count":25,"glosses":["a child","foolish","little","fools","fool","a fool","foolish things","a mere boy","a young child","an infant"],"forms":["νήπιος","νήπιοι","νήπια","νήπιός","νήπιον"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative plural neuter adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective used substantively","accusative singular masculine adjective","nominative plural neuter adjective","vocative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"νήπιος, standard epic epithet marking a character's fatal misjudgment","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.8","id":"b1-l8","source":"νήπιοι, οἳ κατὰ βοῦς Ὑπερίονος Ἠελίοιο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.313","id":"b2-l313","source":"κτήματʼ ἐμά, μνηστῆρες, ἐγὼ δʼ ἔτι νήπιος ἦα;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.146","id":"b3-l146","source":"νήπιος, οὐδὲ τὸ ᾔδη, ὃ οὐ πείσεσθαι ἔμελλεν·"}]},{"lemma":"νήποινος","count":8,"glosses":["unpunished","unrecompensed","without payment","unavenged","without recompense"],"forms":["νήποινον","νήποινοί"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"νήποινον, 'without penalty,' is Telemachus's bitter jab — the suitors feast free of consequence.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.160","id":"b1-l160","source":"ῥεῖʼ, ἐπεὶ ἀλλότριον βίοτον νήποινον ἔδουσιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.377","id":"b1-l377","source":"ἔμμεναι, ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς βίοτον νήποινον ὀλέσθαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.380","id":"b1-l380","source":"νήποινοί κεν ἔπειτα δόμων ἔντοσθεν ὄλοισθε."}]},{"lemma":"Νήρικος","count":1,"glosses":["Nericus"],"forms":["Νήρικον"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"place name: a citadel Laertes recalls capturing in his youth","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.377","id":"b24-l377","source":"οἷος Νήρικον εἷλον, ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον,"}]},{"lemma":"Νήριτον","count":1,"glosses":["Neriton"],"forms":["Νήριτον"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"Mount Neriton, the famous peak of Ithaca mentioned elsewhere in the poem.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.22","id":"b9-l22","source":"Νήριτον εἰνοσίφυλλον, ἀριπρεπές· ἀμφὶ δὲ νῆσοι"}]},{"lemma":"Νήριτος","count":2,"glosses":["Neriton","Neritus"],"forms":["Νήριτόν","Νήριτος"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Mount Neriton, Ithaca's landmark peak — proof-of-place detail Athena offers Odysseus.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.351","id":"b13-l351","source":"τοῦτο δὲ Νήριτόν ἐστιν ὄρος καταειμένον ὕλῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.207","id":"b17-l207","source":"τὴν ποίησʼ Ἴθακος καὶ Νήριτος ἠδὲ Πολύκτωρ·"}]},{"lemma":"νήχω","count":9,"glosses":["swimming","I will swim","to swim","he swam","swam","I swam","to swimmers"],"forms":["νῆχε","νηχόμενος","νήξομ","νηχέμεναι","νῆχον","νηχομένοισι","νηχόμενοι"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","present active infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculine","present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculine"],"note":"νηχομένοισι, dative participle 'to men swimming', begins the famous shipwreck simile.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.364","id":"b5-l364","source":"νήξομʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐ μέν τι πάρα προνοῆσαι ἄμεινον."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.375","id":"b5-l375","source":"νηχέμεναι μεμαώς. ἴδε δὲ κρείων ἐνοσίχθων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.399","id":"b5-l399","source":"νῆχε δʼ ἐπειγόμενος ποσὶν ἠπείρου ἐπιβῆναι."}]},{"lemma":"νῆις","count":1,"glosses":["unskilled"],"forms":["νῆις"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.179","id":"b8-l179","source":"εἰπὼν οὐ κατὰ κόσμον. ἐγὼ δʼ οὐ νῆις ἀέθλων,"}]},{"lemma":"νῆμα","count":4,"glosses":["threads","spinning","of yarn"],"forms":["νήματ","νήματος"],"morphology":["nominative plural neuter noun","genitive singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.98","id":"b2-l98","source":"ἐκτελέσω, μή μοι μεταμώνια νήματʼ ὄληται,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.134","id":"b4-l134","source":"νήματος ἀσκητοῖο βεβυσμένον· αὐτὰρ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.143","id":"b19-l143","source":"ἐκτελέσω—μή μοι μεταμώνια νήματʼ ὄληται—"}]},{"lemma":"νῆσος","count":65,"glosses":["island","the island","of the island","an island","islands","over the islands","of the islands","from the island","of islands","from the islands","toward the islands","the islands","in the islands"],"forms":["νῆσον","νήσῳ","νήσου","νῆσος","νήσοισιν","νήσων","νῆσοι","νῆσόν","νῆσός","νήσοισι"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","dative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.50","id":"b1-l50","source":"νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ, ὅθι τʼ ὀμφαλός ἐστι θαλάσσης."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.51","id":"b1-l51","source":"νῆσος δενδρήεσσα, θεὰ δʼ ἐν δώματα ναίει,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.85","id":"b1-l85","source":"νῆσον ἐς Ὠγυγίην ὀτρύνομεν, ὄφρα τάχιστα"}]},{"lemma":"νῆστις","count":1,"glosses":["fasting"],"forms":["νήστιες"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"νήστιες, 'without food'—working straight through without eating, epic touch on endurance.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.370","id":"b18-l370","source":"νήστιες ἄχρι μάλα κνέφαος, ποίη δὲ παρείη."}]},{"lemma":"νηδύς","count":1,"glosses":["belly"],"forms":["νηδὺν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.296","id":"b9-l296","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ Κύκλωψ μεγάλην ἐμπλήσατο νηδὺν"}]},{"lemma":"νηέω","count":2,"glosses":["to heap up","heaped up"],"forms":["νηῆσαι","νήησαν"],"morphology":["aorist active infinitive","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"epic aorist infinitive νηῆσαι, 'to pile/lay' (a fire)","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.322","id":"b15-l322","source":"πῦρ τʼ εὖ νηῆσαι διά τε ξύλα δανὰ κεάσσαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.64","id":"b19-l64","source":"νήησαν ξύλα πολλά, φόως ἔμεν ἠδὲ θέρεσθαι."}]},{"lemma":"νηκερδής","count":1,"glosses":["pointless"],"forms":["νηκερδὲς"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.509","id":"b14-l509","source":"οὐδέ τί πω παρὰ μοῖραν ἔπος νηκερδὲς ἔειπες·"}]},{"lemma":"νηλεῖτις","count":2,"glosses":["guiltless"],"forms":["νηλείτιδές"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":"rare feminine noun-adjective νηλεῖτις 'blameless one', predicate of εἰσιν","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.317","id":"b16-l317","source":"αἵ τέ σʼ ἀτιμάζουσι καὶ αἳ νηλείτιδές εἰσιν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.418","id":"b22-l418","source":"αἵ τέ μʼ ἀτιμάζουσι καὶ αἳ νηλείτιδές εἰσιν."}]},{"lemma":"Νηλεύς","count":9,"glosses":["Neleus","of Neleus","Neleian"],"forms":["Νηλεὺς","Νηλῆος","Νηλῆα","Νηλήιον","Νηλέα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine adjective","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"Νηλήιος: patronymic-style adjective 'of Neleus,' founder-king, marking Pylos as his city.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.4","id":"b3-l4","source":"οἱ δὲ Πύλον, Νηλῆος ἐυκτίμενον πτολίεθρον,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.409","id":"b3-l409","source":"Νηλεὺς ἵζεσκεν, θεόφιν μήστωρ ἀτάλαντος·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.639","id":"b4-l639","source":"ἐς Πύλον οἴχεσθαι Νηλήιον, ἀλλά που αὐτοῦ"}]},{"lemma":"νηλής","count":14,"glosses":["pitiless"],"forms":["νηλέι","νηλέϊ","νηλεὲς"],"morphology":["dative singular adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"νηλέι θυμῷ, formulaic phrase marking the Cyclops's inhuman cruelty in contrast to xenia norms","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.743","id":"b4-l743","source":"νύμφα φίλη, σὺ μὲν ἄρ με κατάκτανε νηλέι χαλκῷ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.507","id":"b8-l507","source":"ἠὲ διαπλῆξαι κοῖλον δόρυ νηλέι χαλκῷ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.525","id":"b8-l525","source":"ἄστεϊ καὶ τεκέεσσιν ἀμύνων νηλεὲς ἦμαρ·"}]},{"lemma":"Νηληιάδης","count":3,"glosses":["son of Neleus"],"forms":["Νηληϊάδη"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Νηληϊάδη, patronymic vocative — formal epic address by lineage, showing Telemachus's new confidence in speech","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.79","id":"b3-l79","source":"ὦ Νέστορ Νηληϊάδη, μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.202","id":"b3-l202","source":"ὦ Νέστορ Νηληϊάδη, μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.247","id":"b3-l247","source":"ὦ Νέστορ Νηληϊάδη, σὺ δʼ ἀληθὲς ἐνίσπες·"}]},{"lemma":"νηλιτής","count":1,"glosses":["guiltless"],"forms":["νηλείτιδές"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":"Contrast αἵ...ἀτιμάζουσι / αἳ νηλείτιδες neatly divides the maids into disloyal vs. innocent, key to the plot's ending.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.498","id":"b19-l498","source":"αἵ τέ σʼ ἀτιμάζουσι καὶ αἳ νηλείτιδές εἰσι."}]},{"lemma":"νημερτής","count":27,"glosses":["truly","unerring","unerring truth","truly, unerringly","truthfully","the unerring truth","the truth"],"forms":["νημερτέα","νημερτὲς","νημερτής","νημερτὴς","νημερτέως","νημερτές","νημερτέ"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","accusative plural neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular feminine adjective","adverb","accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"νημερτής, 'unerring,' the standard word for reliable prophetic or eyewitness truth in Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.86","id":"b1-l86","source":"νύμφῃ ἐυπλοκάμῳ εἴπῃ νημερτέα βουλήν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.19","id":"b3-l19","source":"λίσσεσθαι δέ μιν αὐτός, ὅπως νημερτέα εἴπῃ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.101","id":"b3-l101","source":"τῶν νῦν μοι μνῆσαι, καί μοι νημερτὲς ἐνίσπες."}]},{"lemma":"νηνέμιος","count":2,"glosses":["windless calm"],"forms":["νηνεμίη"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"νηνεμίη is a formulaic epic noun-adjective for dead calm at sea, paired with γαλήνη in the fuller phrase.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.392","id":"b5-l392","source":"ἔπλετο νηνεμίη· ὁ δʼ ἄρα σχεδὸν εἴσιδε γαῖαν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.169","id":"b12-l169","source":"ἔπλετο νηνεμίη, κοίμησε δὲ κύματα δαίμων."}]},{"lemma":"νηπενθής","count":1,"glosses":["griefless"],"forms":["νηπενθές"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"νηπενθές, \"banishing grief\" — the origin of the English word \"nepenthe,\" coined directly from this line.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.221","id":"b4-l221","source":"νηπενθές τʼ ἄχολόν τε, κακῶν ἐπίληθον ἁπάντων."}]},{"lemma":"νηπιάα","count":1,"glosses":["childish ways"],"forms":["νηπιάας"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":"νηπιάας, a rare abstract plural 'childish things' from νήπιος 'infant/foolish' — Athena bluntly tells Telemachus to grow up.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.297","id":"b1-l297","source":"νηπιάας ὀχέειν, ἐπεὶ οὐκέτι τηλίκος ἐσσι."}]},{"lemma":"νηπιέη","count":1,"glosses":["in his folly"],"forms":["νηπιέῃσι"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun"],"note":"νηπιέῃσι 'childish follies' - dative of manner, narrator's judgment on Eupeithes's rash leadership","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.469","id":"b24-l469","source":"τοῖσιν δʼ Εὐπείθης ἡγήσατο νηπιέῃσι·"}]},{"lemma":"νητός","count":1,"glosses":["heaped, piled"],"forms":["νητὸς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.338","id":"b2-l338","source":"εὐρύν, ὅθι νητὸς χρυσὸς καὶ χαλκὸς ἔκειτο"}]},{"lemma":"νίζω","count":17,"glosses":["to wash","for washing","washed","having washed","were wiping","washing","will wash","wash","I will wash","she washed"],"forms":["νίψασθαι","νιψάμενος","νίζον","νίζετο","νιψάμενοι","νίψει","νίψον","νίζειν","νίψω","νίζε","νίψεν"],"morphology":["aorist middle infinitive","aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculine","future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","present active infinitive","future active indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"Middle voice νιψάμενος: he washes his own hands, a ritual purification before prayer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.112","id":"b1-l112","source":"νίζον καὶ πρότιθεν, τοὶ δὲ κρέα πολλὰ δατεῦντο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.138","id":"b1-l138","source":"νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.261","id":"b2-l261","source":"χεῖρας νιψάμενος πολιῆς ἁλὸς εὔχετʼ Ἀθήνῃ·"}]},{"lemma":"νίκη","count":2,"glosses":["victory"],"forms":["νίκης","νίκην"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.544","id":"b11-l544","source":"νόσφιν ἀφεστήκει, κεχολωμένη εἵνεκα νίκης,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.236","id":"b22-l236","source":"ἦ ῥα, καὶ οὔ πω πάγχυ δίδου ἑτεραλκέα νίκην,"}]},{"lemma":"νίσσομαι","count":3,"glosses":["returning","as he journeys","we come"],"forms":["νισόμενον","νισσόμεθα"],"morphology":["aorist middle participle, accusative singular masculine","present medio-passive indicative, 1st plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.701","id":"b4-l701","source":"οἴκαδε νισόμενον· ὁ δʼ ἔβη μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.19","id":"b5-l19","source":"οἴκαδε νισόμενον· ὁ δʼ ἔβη μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.42","id":"b10-l42","source":"οἴκαδε νισσόμεθα κενεὰς σὺν χεῖρας ἔχοντες·"}]},{"lemma":"Νῖσος","count":3,"glosses":["of Nisus","Nisus"],"forms":["Νίσου","Νῖσον"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.395","id":"b16-l395","source":"Νίσου φαίδιμος υἱός, Ἀρητιάδαο ἄνακτος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.127","id":"b18-l127","source":"Νῖσον Δουλιχιῆα ἐΰν τʼ ἔμεν ἀφνειόν τε·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.413","id":"b18-l413","source":"Νίσου φαίδιμος υἱός, Ἀρητιάδαο ἄνακτος·"}]},{"lemma":"νικάω","count":13,"glosses":["you beat","surpassed","won","prevailed","we surpassed","defeated","to win","outran","wins","defeats","will outlast","win out"],"forms":["νικήσῃ","ἐνίκησας","ἐνίκα","νικῆσαι","νίκησεν","νικάσκομεν","νίκησα","νικᾶν","νίκα","νικήσουσι","νικᾷ"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active infinitive","future active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"βουλὴ κακή νίκησεν: personifies bad counsel as a victor — the fatal turning point of the episode.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.121","id":"b3-l121","source":"ἤθελʼ, ἐπεὶ μάλα πολλὸν ἐνίκα δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.520","id":"b8-l520","source":"νικῆσαι καὶ ἔπειτα διὰ μεγάθυμον Ἀθήνην."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.46","id":"b10-l46","source":"ὣς ἔφασαν, βουλὴ δὲ κακὴ νίκησεν ἑταίρων·"}]},{"lemma":"νιφετός","count":1,"glosses":["snowfall"],"forms":["νιφετός"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Nominative subject in a negated list of weather nouns—Elysium has none of these.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.566","id":"b4-l566","source":"οὐ νιφετός, οὔτʼ ἂρ χειμὼν πολὺς οὔτε ποτʼ ὄμβρος,"}]},{"lemma":"νιφόεις","count":1,"glosses":["snowy"],"forms":["νιφόεντα"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter adjective"],"note":"νιφόεντα, a stock Homeric epithet for Cretan mountains, formulaic epic diction.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.338","id":"b19-l338","source":"ἤχθεθʼ, ὅτε πρῶτον Κρήτης ὄρεα νιφόεντα"}]},{"lemma":"νόημα","count":16,"glosses":["thoughts","a thought","judgment","thought, notion","in thoughts, mind","of judgment","thought","notion","mind","their wits","thoughts, plans"],"forms":["νόημα","νοήματα","νοήμασιν","νοήματος","νοήμασι"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","accusative singular neuter noun","dative plural neuter noun","genitive singular neuter noun"],"note":"νόημα, object of the verb ποίησ᾽ appearing only at the start of the next line — another run-on Homeric sentence.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.121","id":"b2-l121","source":"τάων οὔ τις ὁμοῖα νοήματα Πηνελοπείῃ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.363","id":"b2-l363","source":"τίπτε δέ τοι, φίλε τέκνον, ἐνὶ φρεσὶ τοῦτο νόημα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.183","id":"b6-l183","source":"ἢ ὅθʼ ὁμοφρονέοντε νοήμασιν οἶκον ἔχητον"}]},{"lemma":"νόος","count":54,"glosses":["mind","of mind","purpose","in mind","wit","a mind","with mind","plan, mind","plan, design","mind, purpose","mind, will","with judgment","of sense","in heart","understanding","intent","design","her mind","a plan","purpose, plan","the mind, will","plan"],"forms":["νόον","νόος","νόῳ","νόοιο","νόου","νοῦς","νοός"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"νόῳ 'with mind/judgment' shows Nausicaa driving thoughtfully, not just fast.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.3","id":"b1-l3","source":"πολλῶν δʼ ἀνθρώπων ἴδεν ἄστεα καὶ νόον ἔγνω,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.66","id":"b1-l66","source":"ὃς περὶ μὲν νόον ἐστὶ βροτῶν, περὶ δʼ ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.347","id":"b1-l347","source":"τέρπειν ὅππῃ οἱ νόος ὄρνυται; οὔ νύ τʼ ἀοιδοὶ"}]},{"lemma":"νόσος","count":2,"glosses":["sickness"],"forms":["νούσῳ","νοῦσον"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.395","id":"b5-l395","source":"πατρός, ὃς ἐν νούσῳ κεῖται κρατέρʼ ἄλγεα πάσχων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.411","id":"b9-l411","source":"νοῦσον γʼ οὔ πως ἔστι Διὸς μεγάλου ἀλέασθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"νόστιμος","count":13,"glosses":["of return","of homecoming","returning home","day of return","homecoming","returning","destined to return"],"forms":["νόστιμον","νόστιμός"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","nominative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"νόστιμος echoes nostos, the Odyssey's central theme of homecoming.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.168","id":"b1-l168","source":"φῇσιν ἐλεύσεσθαι· τοῦ δʼ ὤλετο νόστιμον ἦμαρ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.354","id":"b1-l354","source":"οὐ γὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς οἶος ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.233","id":"b3-l233","source":"οἴκαδέ τʼ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"νόστιμος ἦμαρ","count":1,"glosses":["day of return"],"forms":["νόστιμον ἦμαρ"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective + noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.9","id":"b1-l9","source":"ἤσθιον· αὐτὰρ ὁ τοῖσιν ἀφείλετο νόστιμον ἦμαρ."}]},{"lemma":"νόστος","count":60,"glosses":["homecoming","return","return home","the homecoming","the return","for homecoming","of homecoming","return, homecoming","news of return","homecoming, return","homeward voyage","their homecoming","of return/homecoming","for return","way home","a way home"],"forms":["νόστον","νόστου","νόστοιο","νόστος","νόστῳ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun"],"note":"νόστος, 'return home,' is the poem's central theme-word — here already declared lost for Odysseus.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.5","id":"b1-l5","source":"ἀρνύμενος ἥν τε ψυχὴν καὶ νόστον ἑταίρων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.13","id":"b1-l13","source":"τὸν δʼ οἶον νόστου κεχρημένον ἠδὲ γυναικὸς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.77","id":"b1-l77","source":"νόστον, ὅπως ἔλθῃσι· Ποσειδάων δὲ μεθήσει"}]},{"lemma":"νόσφι","count":17,"glosses":["away","apart from","away from","except, apart from","far off","apart","far away","aside"],"forms":["νόσφιν","νόσφι"],"morphology":["preposition","adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.20","id":"b1-l20","source":"νόσφι Ποσειδάωνος· ὁ δʼ ἀσπερχὲς μενέαινεν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.185","id":"b1-l185","source":"νηῦς δέ μοι ἥδʼ ἕστηκεν ἐπʼ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.193","id":"b3-l193","source":"Ἀτρεΐδην δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀκούετε, νόσφιν ἐόντες,"}]},{"lemma":"νότιος","count":2,"glosses":["the roadstead","the deep water"],"forms":["νοτίῳ"],"morphology":["dative singular neuter adjective","dative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"νότιος 'wet/southerly' as noun — the open anchorage offshore","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.785","id":"b4-l785","source":"ὑψοῦ δʼ ἐν νοτίῳ τήν γʼ ὥρμισαν, ἐκ δʼ ἔβαν αὐτοί·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.55","id":"b8-l55","source":"ὑψοῦ δʼ ἐν νοτίῳ τήν γʼ ὥρμισαν· αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα"}]},{"lemma":"Νότος","count":8,"glosses":["South Wind","the South Wind"],"forms":["Νότος","Νότου"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.295","id":"b3-l295","source":"ἔνθα Νότος μέγα κῦμα ποτὶ σκαιὸν ῥίον ὠθεῖ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.295","id":"b5-l295","source":"σὺν δʼ Εὖρός τε Νότος τʼ ἔπεσον Ζέφυρός τε δυσαὴς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.331","id":"b5-l331","source":"ἄλλοτε μέν τε Νότος Βορέῃ προβάλεσκε φέρεσθαι,"}]},{"lemma":"νοέω","count":60,"glosses":["noticed","thought of","I noticed","perceived","understood","noticing","devised","to see","I saw, noticed","perceiving","she perceived","will think of","think","to plan","I intend","thought/planned","judged","was aware of","realize","I thought","I caught sight","having thought","to one already understanding","already thinking, minding","one who perceives","he sensed","intend","understand","to reckon","notice","I saw","I understand","I perceive","you perceive, know","you noticed"],"forms":["ἐνόησε","ἐνόησεν","ἐνόησα","νοέω","νοήσας","νόησε","νοῆσαι","νοέοντι","ἐνόησαν","νοήσεις","ἐνόησ","νοῆσαί","νόει","νόησα","νοέεις","ἐνόησας"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active participle, dative singular masculine","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","future active indicative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"Marks the narrative pivot: while Poseidon leaves satisfied, Athena immediately counters by helping Odysseus.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.58","id":"b1-l58","source":"ἱέμενος καὶ καπνὸν ἀποθρῴσκοντα νοῆσαι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.257","id":"b1-l257","source":"τοῖος ἐὼν οἷόν μιν ἐγὼ τὰ πρῶτʼ ἐνόησα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.322","id":"b1-l322","source":"μᾶλλον ἔτʼ ἢ τὸ πάροιθεν. ὁ δὲ φρεσὶν ᾗσι νοήσας"}]},{"lemma":"νοήμων","count":3,"glosses":["prudent","thoughtful","wise"],"forms":["νοήμονες"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.282","id":"b2-l282","source":"ἀφραδέων, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι νοήμονες οὐδὲ δίκαιοι·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.133","id":"b3-l133","source":"Ἀργείοις, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι νοήμονες οὐδὲ δίκαιοι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.209","id":"b13-l209","source":"ὢ πόποι, οὐκ ἄρα πάντα νοήμονες οὐδὲ δίκαιοι"}]},{"lemma":"Νοήμων","count":3,"glosses":["Noemon","illustrious"],"forms":["Νοήμων","Νοήμονα"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.386","id":"b2-l386","source":"ἡ δʼ αὖτε Φρονίοιο Νοήμονα φαίδιμον υἱὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.630","id":"b4-l630","source":"τοῖς δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.648","id":"b4-l648","source":"τὸν δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἀντίον ηὔδα·"}]},{"lemma":"νομεύς","count":7,"glosses":["herdsmen","shepherd"],"forms":["νομῆας","νομῆες","νομεὺς"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.413","id":"b4-l413","source":"λέξεται ἐν μέσσῃσι νομεὺς ὣς πώεσι μήλων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.3","id":"b16-l3","source":"ἔκπεμψάν τε νομῆας ἅμʼ ἀγρομένοισι σύεσσι·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.27","id":"b16-l27","source":"οὐ μὲν γάρ τι θάμʼ ἀγρὸν ἐπέρχεαι οὐδὲ νομῆας,"}]},{"lemma":"νομεύω","count":3,"glosses":["was herding","herding","pasturing"],"forms":["νομεύων","ἐνόμευε"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.217","id":"b9-l217","source":"εὕρομεν, ἀλλʼ ἐνόμευε νομὸν κάτα πίονα μῆλα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.336","id":"b9-l336","source":"ἑσπέριος δʼ ἦλθεν καλλίτριχα μῆλα νομεύων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.85","id":"b10-l85","source":"τὸν μὲν βουκολέων, τὸν δʼ ἄργυφα μῆλα νομεύων·"}]},{"lemma":"νομόνδε","count":1,"glosses":["to pasture"],"forms":["νομόνδ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":"-δε suffix meaning 'toward' attached to νομόν, common Homeric directional ending","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.438","id":"b9-l438","source":"καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτα νομόνδʼ ἐξέσσυτο ἄρσενα μῆλα,"}]},{"lemma":"νομός","count":2,"glosses":["pasture"],"forms":["νομὸν","νομοῦ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.217","id":"b9-l217","source":"εὕρομεν, ἀλλʼ ἐνόμευε νομὸν κάτα πίονα μῆλα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.159","id":"b10-l159","source":"ἧκεν. ὁ μὲν ποταμόνδε κατήιεν ἐκ νομοῦ ὕλης"}]},{"lemma":"νοστέω","count":33,"glosses":["having returned","to return","should return","will return","having returned home","on his return, having returned","returning","you would return","he might return","returns home","having journeyed","he returns","at his return","would return","you came home"],"forms":["νοστήσας","νοστήσαντα","νοστῆσαι","νοστήσειε","νοστήσαντι","νοστήσει","νοστήσειν","νοστήσεις","νοστήσῃ","νόστησ","νόστησας","νοστήσαντά"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist active infinitive","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","future active infinitive","future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"aorist optative expressing a hoped-for future contingency ('should he ever return') — the classic optative-of-wish/remote-condition use.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.36","id":"b1-l36","source":"γῆμʼ ἄλοχον μνηστήν, τὸν δʼ ἔκτανε νοστήσαντα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.83","id":"b1-l83","source":"νοστῆσαι Ὀδυσῆα πολύφρονα ὅνδε δόμονδε,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.163","id":"b1-l163","source":"εἰ κεῖνόν γʼ Ἰθάκηνδε ἰδοίατο νοστήσαντα,"}]},{"lemma":"νοσφίζομαι","count":8,"glosses":["forsaking","abandoning","turning away","turned away","I left behind","leaving behind","hold yourself apart"],"forms":["νοσφισσαμένη","νοσφισσαμένην","νοσφισθείς","νοσφίσατ","νοσφισάμην","νοσφίζεαι"],"morphology":["aorist medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist medio-passive participle, accusative singular feminine","aorist medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"aorist middle participle of νοσφίζομαι 'to turn away from, forsake' — Helen as the (understood) subject of this whole clause.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.263","id":"b4-l263","source":"παῖδά τʼ ἐμὴν νοσφισσαμένην θάλαμόν τε πόσιν τε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.73","id":"b11-l73","source":"νοσφισθείς, μή τοί τι θεῶν μήνιμα γένωμαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.425","id":"b11-l425","source":"νοσφίσατʼ, οὐδέ μοι ἔτλη ἰόντι περ εἰς Ἀίδαο"}]},{"lemma":"νοῦσος","count":3,"glosses":["illness","sickness"],"forms":["νοῦσος"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.172","id":"b11-l172","source":"ἦ δολιχὴ νοῦσος, ἦ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.200","id":"b11-l200","source":"οὔτε τις οὖν μοι νοῦσος ἐπήλυθεν, ἥ τε μάλιστα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.408","id":"b15-l408","source":"νοῦσος ἐπὶ στυγερὴ πέλεται δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν·"}]},{"lemma":"νύμφη","count":31,"glosses":["nymph","nymphs","the nymph","of the nymph","of nymphs","to the nymph","of the nymphs","to the nymphs","bride","brides","for the nymphs"],"forms":["νύμφη","νύμφαι","νύμφης","νυμφάων","νύμφῃ","νύμφῃσι","νύμφα","νυμφέων","νύμφῃς","νύμφην"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","dative plural feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun","vocative plural feminine noun","vocative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"Introduces Calypso, though named only later; νύμφη begins the cave's description.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.14","id":"b1-l14","source":"νύμφη πότνιʼ ἔρυκε Καλυψὼ δῖα θεάων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.71","id":"b1-l71","source":"πᾶσιν Κυκλώπεσσι· Θόωσα δέ μιν τέκε νύμφη,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.86","id":"b1-l86","source":"νύμφῃ ἐυπλοκάμῳ εἴπῃ νημερτέα βουλήν,"}]},{"lemma":"νύξ","count":67,"glosses":["night","nights","the night","at night","of night","by night","in night","the nights","to night","of the night","as night"],"forms":["νύκτας","νύκτα","νυκτὶ","νὺξ","νύξ","νύκτες","νύκτ","νυκτὸς","νυκτός","νυκτῶν"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun"],"note":"Accusative of extent of time, paired against ἠματίη: \"by day... but nights.\"","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.105","id":"b2-l105","source":"νύκτας δʼ ἀλλύεσκεν, ἐπεὶ δαΐδας παραθεῖτο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.345","id":"b2-l345","source":"δικλίδες· ἐν δὲ γυνὴ ταμίη νύκτας τε καὶ ἦμαρ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.151","id":"b3-l151","source":"νύκτα μὲν ἀέσαμεν χαλεπὰ φρεσὶν ὁρμαίνοντες"}]},{"lemma":"νύσσα","count":1,"glosses":["the starting-line"],"forms":["νύσσης"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.121","id":"b8-l121","source":"τοῖσι δʼ ἀπὸ νύσσης τέτατο δρόμος· οἱ δʼ ἅμα πάντες"}]},{"lemma":"νύσσω","count":1,"glosses":["nudging"],"forms":["νύξας"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"aorist participle νύξας: a quick, single poking gesture, distinct from the ongoing sleeping scene.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.485","id":"b14-l485","source":"ἀγκῶνι νύξας· ὁ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐμμαπέως ὑπάκουσε·"}]},{"lemma":"νῦν","count":310,"glosses":["now","but now","indeed","surely","just now","now (emphatic)","then","now, it seems","now, at all","now, indeed","now (particle)","perhaps, surely"],"forms":["νῦν","νύ","νυ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.32","id":"b1-l32","source":"ὢ πόποι, οἷον δή νυ θεοὺς βροτοὶ αἰτιόωνται·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.35","id":"b1-l35","source":"ὡς καὶ νῦν Αἴγισθος ὑπὲρ μόρον Ἀτρεΐδαο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.43","id":"b1-l43","source":"πεῖθʼ ἀγαθὰ φρονέων· νῦν δʼ ἁθρόα πάντʼ ἀπέτισεν."}]},{"lemma":"νυκτερίς","count":2,"glosses":["a bat","bats"],"forms":["νυκτερίς","νυκτερίδες"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":"simile νυκτερίς 'bat' — a homely, unheroic image underscoring Odysseus's helplessness.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.433","id":"b12-l433","source":"τῷ προσφὺς ἐχόμην ὡς νυκτερίς. οὐδέ πῃ εἶχον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.6","id":"b24-l6","source":"ὡς δʼ ὅτε νυκτερίδες μυχῷ ἄντρου θεσπεσίοιο"}]},{"lemma":"νυμφίος","count":1,"glosses":["a bridegroom"],"forms":["νυμφίον"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.65","id":"b7-l65","source":"νυμφίον ἐν μεγάρῳ, μίαν οἴην παῖδα λιπόντα"}]},{"lemma":"νυός","count":1,"glosses":["the daughters-in-law"],"forms":["νυοί"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.451","id":"b3-l451","source":"θυγατέρες τε νυοί τε καὶ αἰδοίη παράκοιτις"}]},{"lemma":"νώνυμνος","count":1,"glosses":["nameless"],"forms":["νώνυμνον"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.222","id":"b1-l222","source":"οὐ μέν τοι γενεήν γε θεοὶ νώνυμνον ὀπίσσω"}]},{"lemma":"νώνυμος","count":2,"glosses":["nameless"],"forms":["νώνυμός","νώνυμον"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective","nominative singular neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.239","id":"b13-l239","source":"οὕτω νώνυμός ἐστιν· ἴσασι δέ μιν μάλα πολλοί,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.182","id":"b14-l182","source":"νώνυμον ἐξ Ἰθάκης Ἀρκεισίου ἀντιθέοιο."}]},{"lemma":"νῶροψ","count":2,"glosses":["flashing"],"forms":["νώροπα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"νώροπα χαλκόν 'gleaming bronze' - stock Homeric epithet for armor catching light","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.467","id":"b24-l467","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἕσσαντο περὶ χροῒ νώροπα χαλκόν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.500","id":"b24-l500","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἕσσαντο περὶ χροῒ νώροπα χαλκόν,"}]},{"lemma":"νῶτον","count":15,"glosses":["back","chine","of the chine","backs","of back","with chine cuts"],"forms":["νῶτα","νώτου","νώτοισιν","νῶτον"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun","genitive singular masculine noun","dative plural neuter noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":"νῶτα 'backs' (pl.) for the sea's surface — vivid Homeric plural for a single expanse","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.142","id":"b3-l142","source":"νόστου μιμνήσκεσθαι ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.65","id":"b4-l65","source":"ὣς φάτο, καί σφιν νῶτα βοὸς παρὰ πίονα θῆκεν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.313","id":"b4-l313","source":"ἐς Λακεδαίμονα δῖαν, ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης;"}]},{"lemma":"νωίτερος","count":1,"glosses":["of us two"],"forms":["νωιτέρην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"νωιτέρην is a dual possessive adjective 'of us two,' a rare grammatical number the Sirens use to bond as a pair.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.185","id":"b12-l185","source":"νῆα κατάστησον, ἵνα νωιτέρην ὄπ ἀκούσῃς."}]},{"lemma":"νωλεμές","count":7,"glosses":["relentlessly","steadfastly","unceasingly","steadfastly, without flinching"],"forms":["νωλεμέως","νωλεμὲς"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.288","id":"b4-l288","source":"νωλεμέως κρατερῇσι, σάωσε δὲ πάντας Ἀχαιούς·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.435","id":"b9-l435","source":"νωλεμέως στρεφθεὶς ἐχόμην τετληότι θυμῷ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.413","id":"b11-l413","source":"νωλεμέως κτείνοντο σύες ὣς ἀργιόδοντες,"}]},{"lemma":"νωμάω","count":15,"glosses":["served","was handling, turning","I was working, handling","you handle","served, distributed","plying, turning","you turned over","they distributed","plying","served round, distributed","turns, wields","was turning"],"forms":["νώμησεν","ἐνώμα","νώμησαν","ἐνώμων","νωμῶν","νωμᾷς","ἐνώμας","νωμᾷ"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"ἐνώμας (νωμάω) 'you kept turning over/managing' — imperfect stresses a habitual, ongoing mental sharpness as a boy.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.340","id":"b3-l340","source":"νώμησαν δʼ ἄρα πᾶσιν ἐπαρξάμενοι δεπάεσσι·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.183","id":"b7-l183","source":"νώμησεν δʼ ἄρα πᾶσιν ἐπαρξάμενος δεπάεσσιν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.32","id":"b10-l32","source":"αἰεὶ γὰρ πόδα νηὸς ἐνώμων, οὐδέ τῳ ἄλλῳ"}]}]}