{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"φ","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/words/phi","headwords":[{"lemma":"φάος","count":23,"glosses":["light","the light","eyes","daylight","beautiful"],"forms":["φάος","φάεα","φάει"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","vocative singular neuter noun","dative singular neuter noun"],"note":"φάος ἠελίοιο 'the light of the sun' is a set epic phrase for being alive.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.335","id":"b3-l335","source":"ἤδη γὰρ φάος οἴχεθʼ ὑπὸ ζόφον, οὐδὲ ἔοικεν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.540","id":"b4-l540","source":"ἤθελʼ ἔτι ζώειν καὶ ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.833","id":"b4-l833","source":"ἤ που ἔτι ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο,"}]},{"lemma":"φάρμακον","count":16,"glosses":["drugs","drug","a drug","poison","drugs, medicines"],"forms":["φάρμακον","φάρμακ","φάρμακα"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun","accusative singular neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun"],"note":"φάρμακον 'drug/poison' — same word can mean remedy or poison, context (θυμοφθόρα) marks it deadly","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.261","id":"b1-l261","source":"φάρμακον ἀνδροφόνον διζήμενος, ὄφρα οἱ εἴη"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.329","id":"b2-l329","source":"ἐλθεῖν, ὄφρʼ ἔνθεν θυμοφθόρα φάρμακʼ ἐνείκῃ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.220","id":"b4-l220","source":"αὐτίκʼ ἄρʼ εἰς οἶνον βάλε φάρμακον, ἔνθεν ἔπινον,"}]},{"lemma":"Φάρος","count":1,"glosses":["Pharos"],"forms":["Φάρον"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"Naming the island Pharos—a real geographic anchor for the tale's fantastic events.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.355","id":"b4-l355","source":"Αἰγύπτου προπάροιθε, Φάρον δέ ἑ κικλήσκουσι,"}]},{"lemma":"φάρυγξ","count":2,"glosses":["gullet, from","throat"],"forms":["φάρυγος"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.373","id":"b9-l373","source":"ᾕρει πανδαμάτωρ· φάρυγος δʼ ἐξέσσυτο οἶνος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.480","id":"b19-l480","source":"χεῖρʼ ἐπιμασσάμενος φάρυγος λάβε δεξιτερῆφι,"}]},{"lemma":"φάσγανον","count":10,"glosses":["sword","swords","the sword","with a sword"],"forms":["φάσγανον","φασγάνῳ","φάσγανα","φάσγανά"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","dative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.145","id":"b10-l145","source":"καὶ τότʼ ἐγὼν ἐμὸν ἔγχος ἑλὼν καὶ φάσγανον ὀξὺ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.82","id":"b11-l82","source":"ἥμεθʼ, ἐγὼ μὲν ἄνευθεν ἐφʼ αἵματι φάσγανον ἴσχων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.95","id":"b11-l95","source":"ἀλλʼ ἀποχάζεο βόθρου, ἄπισχε δὲ φάσγανον ὀξύ,"}]},{"lemma":"φάσκω","count":15,"glosses":["used to say","claimed","kept saying","she kept saying","she said","kept saying, claimed","said, claimed","you kept saying","kept promising","she claimed","he said"],"forms":["ἔφασκε","ἔφασκεν","φάσχ","ἔφασκον","φάσκεν","φάσκε","ἐφάσκεθ","φάσκ"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 2nd plural verb"],"note":"ἔφασκον, iterative-flavored imperfect of φάσκω, 'kept saying/promising,' stresses repeated assurance.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.191","id":"b4-l191","source":"Νέστωρ φάσχʼ ὁ γέρων, ὅτʼ ἐπιμνησαίμεθα σεῖο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.135","id":"b5-l135","source":"τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ φίλεόν τε καὶ ἔτρεφον, ἠδὲ ἔφασκον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.256","id":"b7-l256","source":"ἐνδυκέως ἐφίλει τε καὶ ἔτρεφεν ἠδὲ ἔφασκε"}]},{"lemma":"φάτις","count":3,"glosses":["report, fame","talk, rumor","word"],"forms":["φάτις","φάτιν"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"φάτις ‘rumor, report’ — news of the suitors' deaths will spread fast; Odysseus fears reprisal.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.29","id":"b6-l29","source":"ἐκ γάρ τοι τούτων φάτις ἀνθρώπους ἀναβαίνει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.323","id":"b21-l323","source":"ἀλλʼ αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.362","id":"b23-l362","source":"αὐτίκα γὰρ φάτις εἶσιν ἅμʼ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι"}]},{"lemma":"φάτνη","count":2,"glosses":["manger, stall","manger"],"forms":["φάτνῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.535","id":"b4-l535","source":"δειπνίσσας, ὥς τίς τε κατέκτανε βοῦν ἐπὶ φάτνῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.411","id":"b11-l411","source":"δειπνίσσας, ὥς τίς τε κατέκτανε βοῦν ἐπὶ φάτνῃ."}]},{"lemma":"φάω","count":1,"glosses":["appeared"],"forms":["φάε"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.502","id":"b14-l502","source":"κείμην ἀσπασίως, φάε δὲ χρυσόθρονος Ἠώς."}]},{"lemma":"φᾶρος","count":23,"glosses":["cloak","robe","cloth","a cloak","robes","a robe","robe, shroud","the robe","mantles"],"forms":["φᾶρος","φάρε","φᾶρός","φάρει","φάρεα"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","dative singular neuter noun"],"note":"φᾶρος, the famous shroud for Laertes — setup for Penelope's weaving trick","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.97","id":"b2-l97","source":"μίμνετʼ ἐπειγόμενοι τὸν ἐμὸν γάμον, εἰς ὅ κε φᾶρος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.467","id":"b3-l467","source":"ἀμφὶ δέ μιν φᾶρος καλὸν βάλεν ἠδὲ χιτῶνα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.230","id":"b5-l230","source":"αὐτὴ δʼ ἀργύφεον φᾶρος μέγα ἕννυτο νύμφη,"}]},{"lemma":"φαάντατος","count":1,"glosses":["brightest"],"forms":["φαάντατος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φαάντατος, superlative epithet for the morning star (Venus), a formulaic Homeric image","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.93","id":"b13-l93","source":"εὖτʼ ἀστὴρ ὑπερέσχε φαάντατος, ὅς τε μάλιστα"}]},{"lemma":"φαγεῖν","count":20,"glosses":["to eat","ate","eating","were to eat","devour","having eaten","he may eat","we ate","you ate","devoured","they devour","I ate","to devour","and eaten","ate, devoured"],"forms":["φαγέμεν","φάγοι","φάγον","φάγοιτε","φάγωσιν","φαγόντε","φάγῃσιν","φαγὼν","φάγομεν","φάγες","ἔφαγε","φάγωσι","ἔφαγόν","φαγέειν"],"morphology":["aorist active infinitive","present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active infinitive","present active optative, 2nd plural verb","aorist active participle, nominative dual masculine","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"dual participle φαγόντε agreeing with νῶι, matching the dual subject","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.76","id":"b2-l76","source":"εἴ χʼ ὑμεῖς γε φάγοιτε, τάχʼ ἄν ποτε καὶ τίσις εἴη·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.315","id":"b3-l315","source":"οὕτω ὑπερφιάλους, μή τοι κατὰ πάντα φάγωσιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.33","id":"b4-l33","source":"ἦ μὲν δὴ νῶι ξεινήια πολλὰ φαγόντε"}]},{"lemma":"Φαέθουσα","count":1,"glosses":["Phaethousa"],"forms":["Φαέθουσά"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"one of Helios's daughters, her name meaning 'the shining one.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.132","id":"b12-l132","source":"νύμφαι ἐυπλόκαμοι, Φαέθουσά τε Λαμπετίη τε,"}]},{"lemma":"φαέθω","count":4,"glosses":["blazing","blazing, shining","shining"],"forms":["φαέθων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"epic epithet-participle for the sun, 'shining' - formulaic pairing with ἠέλιος","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.479","id":"b5-l479","source":"οὔτε ποτʼ ἠέλιος φαέθων ἀκτῖσιν ἔβαλλεν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.16","id":"b11-l16","source":"ἠέλιος φαέθων καταδέρκεται ἀκτίνεσσιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.441","id":"b19-l441","source":"οὔτε μιν Ἠέλιος φαέθων ἀκτῖσιν ἔβαλλεν,"}]},{"lemma":"Φαέθων","count":1,"glosses":["Phaethon"],"forms":["Φαέθονθ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.246","id":"b23-l246","source":"Λάμπον καὶ Φαέθονθʼ, οἵ τʼ Ἠῶ πῶλοι ἄγουσι."}]},{"lemma":"φαεινός","count":18,"glosses":["shining","shining, bright","bright","gleaming","of shining","bright, gleaming"],"forms":["φαεινὰς","φαεινήν","φαεινῇ","φαεινοῦ","φαεινόν","φαεινῆς","φαεινῷ","φαειναί","φαεινὸν","φαεινὴν","φαεινάς","φαεινός"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine adjective","accusative singular feminine adjective","dative singular feminine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","genitive singular feminine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","nominative plural feminine adjective","genitive singular masculine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective","genitive singular neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.188","id":"b4-l188","source":"τόν ῥʼ Ἠοῦς ἔκτεινε φαεινῆς ἀγλαὸς υἱός·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.86","id":"b5-l86","source":"ἐν θρόνῳ ἱδρύσασα φαεινῷ σιγαλόεντι·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.19","id":"b6-l19","source":"σταθμοῖιν ἑκάτερθε· θύραι δʼ ἐπέκειντο φαειναί."}]},{"lemma":"φαεσίμβροτος","count":2,"glosses":["light-giving-to-mortals","light-giver to mortals"],"forms":["φαεσιμβρότου","φαεσίμβροτος"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φαεσίμβροτος: compound epithet of Helios, 'giving light to mortals'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.138","id":"b10-l138","source":"ἄμφω δʼ ἐκγεγάτην φαεσιμβρότου Ἠελίοιο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.191","id":"b10-l191","source":"οὐδʼ ὅπῃ ἠέλιος φαεσίμβροτος εἶσʼ ὑπὸ γαῖαν,"}]},{"lemma":"Φαίαξ","count":75,"glosses":["of the Phaeacians","Phaeacians","the Phaeacians","to the Phaeacians","of Phaeacians","among the Phaeacians","over the Phaeacians","to Phaeacians"],"forms":["Φαιήκων","Φαίηκες","Φαιήκεσσι","Φαίηκας","Φαιήκεσσιν","Φαιήκεσσ","Φαίηξιν","Φαίηκές"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","dative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun","vocative plural masculine noun"],"note":"Φαίηκες, the seafaring people of Scheria who host Odysseus.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.35","id":"b5-l35","source":"Φαιήκων ἐς γαῖαν, οἳ ἀγχίθεοι γεγάασιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.280","id":"b5-l280","source":"γαίης Φαιήκων, ὅθι τʼ ἄγχιστον πέλεν αὐτῷ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.288","id":"b5-l288","source":"καὶ δὴ Φαιήκων γαίης σχεδόν, ἔνθα οἱ αἶσα"}]},{"lemma":"φαίαξ","count":2,"glosses":["the Phaeacians","of Phaeacian"],"forms":["Φαίηκας","Φαιήκων"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun","genitive plural masculine adjective"],"note":"Accusative of the person before whom shame is felt, not a direct object in the usual sense.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.86","id":"b8-l86","source":"αἴδετο γὰρ Φαίηκας ὑπʼ ὀφρύσι δάκρυα λείβων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.567","id":"b8-l567","source":"φῆ ποτὲ Φαιήκων ἀνδρῶν ἐυεργέα νῆα"}]},{"lemma":"φαίδιμος","count":20,"glosses":["glorious","shining","son","glorious, splendid","splendid"],"forms":["φαίδιμος","φαίδιμ","φαίδιμον","φαιδίμῳ"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","vocative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φαίδιμ(ε) Ὀδυσσεῦ: a formulaic epic address to Odysseus, vocative epithet-plus-name.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.386","id":"b2-l386","source":"ἡ δʼ αὖτε Φρονίοιο Νοήμονα φαίδιμον υἱὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.189","id":"b3-l189","source":"οὓς ἄγʼ Ἀχιλλῆος μεγαθύμου φαίδιμος υἱός,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.251","id":"b10-l251","source":"ἤιομεν, ὡς ἐκέλευες, ἀνὰ δρυμά, φαίδιμʼ\n                        Ὀδυσσεῦ·"}]},{"lemma":"Φαίδιμος","count":2,"glosses":["Phaedimus"],"forms":["Φαίδιμος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.617","id":"b4-l617","source":"ἔργον δʼ Ἡφαίστοιο. πόρεν δέ ἑ Φαίδιμος ἥρως,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.117","id":"b15-l117","source":"ἔργον δʼ Ἡφαίστοιο· πόρεν δέ ἑ Φαίδιμος ἥρως,"}]},{"lemma":"Φαίδρη","count":1,"glosses":["Phaedra"],"forms":["Φαίδρην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.321","id":"b11-l321","source":"Φαίδρην τε Πρόκριν τε ἴδον καλήν τʼ\n                     Ἀριάδνην,"}]},{"lemma":"φαίνω","count":96,"glosses":["appeared","appearing","appears","seemed","appear","to show","would show","would appear","might shine","granted","is shown, is plain","lighting","showed forth","having appeared","seemed/appeared","we appeared","seem","showed through","might show","shine","keep shining","you will appear","seems","showing itself","was appearing","seems, appears","reveal, show","showed, revealed","showing herself","you appeared","to appear","showed","shows","to show herself","to show myself","might give light","giving light","would give light","they shine","is revealed","let appear","you show","let (him) display","is shown","is shown to be","showing","seemed, loomed","shone"],"forms":["φάνη","φαίνετο","φαινομένηφιν","φαίνεται","φαίνετ","φαινομένηφι","φάνεσκε","φανῆναι","ἔφαινον","ἐφαίνετο","ἐφάνη","φανήῃ","φαίνονται","φαῖνε","φαείνοι","φῆναι","φαίνονθ","φαίνεθ","φαίνοντες","φαινέμεν","φανεὶς","φάνημεν","φανεῖσθαι","φήνειε","φαείνω","φάεινε","φαινέσκετο","φανήῃς","φαίνηται","φήνωσι","ἔφηνε","φανεῖσα","φάνης","φάνεν","φαίνει","φαείνοιεν","φαείνων","φαίνοντ","φανήτω","φαίνεις","φαινέτω","φαίνων","φανείη"],"morphology":["aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive participle, dative singular feminine","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive participle, dative plural feminine","aorist passive infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","present active infinitive","aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist passive indicative, 1st plural verb","future middle infinitive","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","aorist passive participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active optative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","aorist passive optative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"Aorist infinitive φῆναι as the object of ᾐτέομεν, 'asked (him) to show'.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.1","id":"b2-l1","source":"ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.2","id":"b3-l2","source":"οὐρανὸν ἐς πολύχαλκον, ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι φαείνοι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.173","id":"b3-l173","source":"ᾐτέομεν δὲ θεὸν φῆναι τέρας· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἡμῖν"}]},{"lemma":"Φαιστός","count":1,"glosses":["Phaistos"],"forms":["Φαιστόν"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.296","id":"b3-l296","source":"ἐς Φαιστόν, μικρὸς δὲ λίθος μέγα κῦμʼ ἀποέργει."}]},{"lemma":"φαρέτρα","count":8,"glosses":["quiver"],"forms":["φαρέτρην","φαρέτρη","φαρέτρῃ","φαρέτρης"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.270","id":"b6-l270","source":"οὐ γὰρ Φαιήκεσσι μέλει βιὸς οὐδὲ φαρέτρη,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.314","id":"b9-l314","source":"ἂψ ἐπέθηχʼ, ὡς εἴ τε φαρέτρῃ πῶμʼ ἐπιθείη."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.11","id":"b21-l11","source":"ἔνθα δὲ τόξον κεῖτο παλίντονον ἠδὲ φαρέτρη"}]},{"lemma":"φαρμάσσω","count":1,"glosses":["tempering"],"forms":["φαρμάσσων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.393","id":"b9-l393","source":"φαρμάσσων· τὸ γὰρ αὖτε σιδήρου γε κράτος ἐστίν"}]},{"lemma":"φέβομαι","count":1,"glosses":["fled"],"forms":["ἐφέβοντο"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.299","id":"b22-l299","source":"οἱ δʼ ἐφέβοντο κατὰ μέγαρον βόες ὣς ἀγελαῖαι·"}]},{"lemma":"Φέρης","count":1,"glosses":["Pheres"],"forms":["Φέρητ"],"morphology":["accusative dual masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.259","id":"b11-l259","source":"Αἴσονά τʼ ἠδὲ Φέρητʼ Ἀμυθάονά θʼ ἱππιοχάρμην."}]},{"lemma":"φέριστος","count":2,"glosses":["good sir","mightiest one"],"forms":["φέριστε"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φέριστε, superlative vocative ('best one'), is a polite/flattering form of address, common in Homeric dialogue.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.405","id":"b1-l405","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐθέλω σε, φέριστε, περὶ ξείνοιο ἐρέσθαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.269","id":"b9-l269","source":"ἀλλʼ αἰδεῖο, φέριστε, θεούς· ἱκέται δέ τοί εἰμεν,"}]},{"lemma":"φέρτατος","count":13,"glosses":["stronger","strongest","better","mightier","mightiest","the stronger"],"forms":["φέρτεροί","φέρτερόν","φέρτερος","φέρτεροι","φέρτατος","φέρτατ","φέρτατοι","φέρτερός"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","nominative singular neuter adjective","nominative plural masculine comparative adjective","vocative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φέρτεροι is comparative in force though the lemma looks superlative (φέρτατος) — epic comparative/superlative overlap.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.170","id":"b5-l170","source":"οἵ μευ φέρτεροί εἰσι νοῆσαί τε κρῆναί τε."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.6","id":"b6-l6","source":"οἵ σφεας σινέσκοντο, βίηφι δὲ φέρτεροι ἦσαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.129","id":"b8-l129","source":"δίσκῳ δʼ αὖ πάντων πολὺ φέρτατος ἦεν Ἐλατρεύς,"}]},{"lemma":"φέρω","count":185,"glosses":["carrying","bringing","carried","brought","I was carried","bring","bearing","to carry","bore, carried","to fetch","will carry","to bring","carry","bore","brings","might bring","she brought","be carried","bears","was bringing","to carry off","I will bring","let me bring","carried her","bringing, carrying","does he bring","he might bring","let us fetch","bears, produces","bearing him","may carry","bearing (me)","let him bring","let us bring","may carry off","were carrying","were driven","bear","would bear","I carried","he carried","I was bringing","kept carrying","might carry","was carrying","were carried","used to carry","they carried off","he brings","to bring back","carries off","I was borne along","to be carried, drop","shall I carry","be carried off","to carry away","until","they bore","bear/show","showing","he bears","to fall","bring back","he brought","should bring","are you carrying","bring, fetch","bore him","we carried"],"forms":["φέρων","φέρουσα","φέρε","φέρον","φέρεσθαι","φέρει","φέροντες","ἔνεικε","φερόμην","φέρεν","φέροι","οἰσέμεναι","ἔνεικαν","φέρουσιν","φέρειν","οἶσε","φέρῃσιν","ἔφερεν","οἴσων","ἔνεικεν","φέρουσαι","οἴσω","ἤνεικεν","ἐνείκω","ἐνείκῃ","φερώμεθα","οἴσουσι","οἰσέμεν","ἤνεικαν","φέρῃ","οἰσέτω","ἐνείκατε","φέρωμεν","φέροιεν","ἐφέροντ","φέρεσκε","ἐφέροντο","φέρεσκον","φέροντο","φέρω","φέρηται","ἐνεῖκαι","ἔφερον","οἴσει","φέρῃσι","οἰσομένη","οἴσετε","ἐνείκαι","φέρεις","φέροντας","ἐνείκαμεν"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular feminine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive infinitive","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","future active infinitive","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active infinitive","future active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural feminine","future active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verb","future active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","present active optative, 3rd plural verb","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","future middle participle, nominative singular feminine","present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, accusative plural masculine","aorist active indicative, 1st plural verb"],"note":"This line repeats l428 almost verbatim (ἅμ᾽ αἰθομένας δαΐδας φέρε), a hallmark of oral-formulaic Homeric composition.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.97","id":"b1-l97","source":"ἀμβρόσια χρύσεια, τά μιν φέρον ἠμὲν ἐφʼ ὑγρὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.127","id":"b1-l127","source":"ἔγχος μέν ῥʼ ἔστησε φέρων πρὸς κίονα μακρὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.136","id":"b1-l136","source":"χέρνιβα δʼ ἀμφίπολος προχόῳ ἐπέχευε φέρουσα"}]},{"lemma":"Φεαί","count":1,"glosses":["Pheae"],"forms":["Φεὰς"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.297","id":"b15-l297","source":"ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν ἐπειγομένη Διὸς οὔρῳ"}]},{"lemma":"φείδομαι","count":3,"glosses":["spare","I would spare"],"forms":["φείδεο","πεφιδοίμην"],"morphology":["present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist middle optative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"ἂν + optative πεφιδοίμην is a potential optative ('I would spare'), not a contrary-to-fact construction (which uses ἄν + past indicative)","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.277","id":"b9-l277","source":"οὐδʼ ἂν ἐγὼ Διὸς ἔχθος ἀλευάμενος πεφιδοίμην"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.185","id":"b16-l185","source":"ἠδὲ χρύσεα δῶρα, τετυγμένα· φείδεο δʼ ἡμέων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.54","id":"b22-l54","source":"νῦν δʼ ὁ μὲν ἐν μοίρῃ πέφαται, σὺ δὲ φείδεο λαῶν"}]},{"lemma":"Φείδων","count":2,"glosses":["Pheidon"],"forms":["Φείδων"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"proper name in apposition to βασιλεὺς, the Thesprotian king","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.316","id":"b14-l316","source":"ἔνθα με Θεσπρωτῶν βασιλεὺς ἐκομίσσατο Φείδων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.287","id":"b19-l287","source":"ὥς μοι Θεσπρωτῶν βασιλεὺς μυθήσατο Φείδων·"}]},{"lemma":"φειδώ","count":2,"glosses":["sparing"],"forms":["φειδώ"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.92","id":"b14-l92","source":"κτήματα δαρδάπτουσιν ὑπέρβιον, οὐδʼ ἔπι φειδώ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.315","id":"b16-l315","source":"χρήματα δαρδάπτουσιν ὑπέρβιον οὐδʼ ἔπι φειδώ."}]},{"lemma":"Φεραί","count":1,"glosses":["in Pherae"],"forms":["Φερῇς"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.798","id":"b4-l798","source":"τὴν Εὔμηλος ὄπυιε Φερῇς ἔνι οἰκία ναίων."}]},{"lemma":"φεύγω","count":53,"glosses":["escaped","fleeing","fled","we might escape","to flee","I flee","had escaped","having fled, escaped","free, escaped","has escaped","would escape","I escaped","do you flee","escaping","we escaped","let us flee","we may flee","we fled","escapes","might escape","he would escape","having escaped","could escape","he might flee","will escape","he flees","having fled","flee"],"forms":["φύγεν","φεύγων","φύγοιμεν","φύγον","φύγοι","φύγομεν","φυγέειν","φεύγετε","φυγὼν","φύγε","φεύγω","πεφευγότες","πεφυγμένος","φεῦγον","φεῦγε","φευγέμεν","πεφυγμένον","φεύγωμεν","φύγῃ","φύγοιμι","φυγόντα","φυγόντι","φύγεσκε","φεύγοντι","φεύγειν","φεύξεσθαι","φεύγει","φυγόντες"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist active optative, 1st plural verb","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active infinitive","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","perfect active participle, nominative plural masculine","perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd plural verb","perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active optative, 1st singular verb","aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","present active participle, dative singular masculine","future middle infinitive","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","present active imperative, 2nd plural verb"],"note":"Perfect participle πεφευγότες stresses the settled state of having survived, not just the past act.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.11","id":"b1-l11","source":"ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν\n                  ὄλεθρον,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.12","id":"b1-l12","source":"οἴκοι ἔσαν, πόλεμόν τε πεφευγότες ἠδὲ θάλασσαν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.18","id":"b1-l18","source":"εἰς Ἰθάκην, οὐδʼ ἔνθα πεφυγμένος ἦεν ἀέθλων"}]},{"lemma":"φήμη","count":3,"glosses":["an omen","at the omen"],"forms":["φήμην","φήμῃ"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.35","id":"b2-l35","source":"ὣς φάτο, χαῖρε δὲ φήμῃ Ὀδυσσῆος φίλος υἱός,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.100","id":"b20-l100","source":"φήμην τίς μοι φάσθω ἐγειρομένων ἀνθρώπων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.105","id":"b20-l105","source":"φήμην δʼ ἐξ οἴκοιο γυνὴ προέηκεν ἀλετρὶς"}]},{"lemma":"Φήμιος","count":4,"glosses":["Phemius","of Phemius"],"forms":["Φήμιος","Φημίῳ","Φήμιε"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":"The bard's name is delayed to the start of the next line — classic Homeric enjambment for suspense/emphasis.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.154","id":"b1-l154","source":"Φημίῳ, ὅς ῥʼ ἤειδε παρὰ μνηστῆρσιν ἀνάγκῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.337","id":"b1-l337","source":"Φήμιε, πολλὰ γὰρ ἄλλα βροτῶν θελκτήρια\n                     οἶδας,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.263","id":"b17-l263","source":"Φήμιος· αὐτὰρ ὁ χειρὸς ἑλὼν προσέειπε συβώτην·"}]},{"lemma":"φήνη","count":2,"glosses":["sea-eagle","sea-eagles"],"forms":["φήνῃ","φῆναι"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":"φήνη is a rare bird word; Athena vanishes in a bird's shape, a common divine-epiphany motif.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.372","id":"b3-l372","source":"φήνῃ εἰδομένη· θάμβος δʼ ἕλε πάντας ἰδόντας."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.217","id":"b16-l217","source":"φῆναι ἢ αἰγυπιοὶ γαμψώνυχες, οἷσί τε τέκνα"}]},{"lemma":"φῆμις","count":6,"glosses":["talk","talk/rumor","the council","repute"],"forms":["φῆμιν","φῆμις"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"φῆμις here means public opinion/rumor whose pressure compelled compliance","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.273","id":"b6-l273","source":"τῶν ἀλεείνω φῆμιν ἀδευκέα, μή τις ὀπίσσω"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.239","id":"b14-l239","source":"ἦεν ἀνήνασθαι, χαλεπὴ δʼ ἔχε δήμου φῆμις."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.468","id":"b15-l468","source":"οἱ μὲν ἄρʼ ἐς θῶκον πρόμολον, δήμοιό τε φῆμιν,"}]},{"lemma":"φημί","count":407,"glosses":["he spoke","spoke","she spoke","I spoke","they say","they spoke","said","he said","I say","I thought","says","they thought","he says","say","to speak","speaking","you say","I declare","speak","you said","said, spoke","spoke, said","we said","said, claimed","might say","should say","they said","do you say","I said","you would say","I had thought","I think","she said","you think","I say/declare","did you say","say/claim","we thought, said","I spoke, said","having spoken","I had said","they sang","claimed","I said, thought","thought","he thinks","let speak","he believed","would say","I claim","you kept saying","she says","we used to say"],"forms":["ἔφατ","φάτο","ἔφαθ","ἐφάμην","ἔφη","φημι","φάτ","ἔφαν","φάθ","φῆ","φασι","φασὶ","φάσθαι","φάσαν","φασιν","ἔφην","φαμένη","φησι","φάσ","φάμεν","ἔφασαν","φησὶ","φημὶ","φάν","ἔφησθα","ἔφαντο","φῆς","φήῃ","φασὶν","φάο","φαίη","φῇσιν","ἔφαντ","φῂς","φῆν","φαίης","φησί","φάσθ","ἔφατʼ","φάμενοι","φῇσθα","φατε","φατ","φησ","φὰν","φῇ","φάσθω","φαίην","ἔφαμεν","φάντο"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present middle infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","present middle participle, nominative singular feminine","active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present infinitive","present active indicative, 2nd plural verb","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 2nd plural verb","aorist indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active optative, 2nd singular verb","present participle, nominative plural masculine","present participle, nominative singular feminine","active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","present middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","present imperative, 2nd singular verb","present imperative, 3rd singular verb","present active optative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"φῇσιν preserves the archaic athematic subjunctive ending -σιν of φημί, a Homeric relic beside later Attic φῇ.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.33","id":"b1-l33","source":"ἐξ ἡμέων γάρ φασι κάκʼ ἔμμεναι, οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.42","id":"b1-l42","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ Ἑρμείας, ἀλλʼ οὐ φρένας Αἰγίσθοιο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.168","id":"b1-l168","source":"φῇσιν ἐλεύσεσθαι· τοῦ δʼ ὤλετο νόστιμον ἦμαρ."}]},{"lemma":"Φηραί","count":2,"glosses":["Pherae"],"forms":["Φηρὰς"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.488","id":"b3-l488","source":"ἐς Φηρὰς δʼ ἵκοντο Διοκλῆος ποτὶ δῶμα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.186","id":"b15-l186","source":"ἐς Φηρὰς δʼ ἵκοντο Διοκλῆος ποτὶ δῶμα,"}]},{"lemma":"φθάνω","count":5,"glosses":["you outstripped","let us anticipate","getting there first","got there first","get ahead"],"forms":["ἔφθης","φθέωμεν","φθάμενος","φθῆ","φθέωσι"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"φθάνω 'to be first/beat someone to it' + participle ἰών: 'you arrived on foot before I did.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.58","id":"b11-l58","source":"ἔφθης πεζὸς ἰὼν ἢ ἐγὼ σὺν νηὶ μελαίνῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.383","id":"b16-l383","source":"ἀλλὰ φθέωμεν ἑλόντες ἐπʼ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.449","id":"b19-l449","source":"οὐτάμεναι μεμαώς· ὁ δέ μιν φθάμενος ἔλασεν σῦς"}]},{"lemma":"φθέγγομαι","count":8,"glosses":["of one speaking","let us call out","called out","called out, cried","cried out","speaking","speaking out","still crying out"],"forms":["φθέγγοντο","φθεγξαμένου","φθεγγώμεθα","φθεγξάμενος","φθεγξάμενός","φθεγγομένου"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist middle participle, genitive singular masculine","present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verb","aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist participle, nominative singular masculine","present medio-passive participle, genitive singular masculine"],"note":"Hortatory subjunctive φθεγγώμεθα: 'let us speak/call' — a command to the group.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.497","id":"b9-l497","source":"εἰ δὲ φθεγξαμένου τευ ἢ αὐδήσαντος ἄκουσε,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.228","id":"b10-l228","source":"ἢ θεὸς ἠὲ γυνή· ἀλλὰ φθεγγώμεθα θᾶσσον."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.229","id":"b10-l229","source":"ὣς ἄρʼ ἐφώνησεν, τοὶ δὲ φθέγγοντο καλεῦντες."}]},{"lemma":"φθείρω","count":1,"glosses":["ruin"],"forms":["φθείρουσι"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.246","id":"b17-l246","source":"ἄστυ κάτʼ· αὐτὰρ μῆλα κακοὶ φθείρουσι νομῆες."}]},{"lemma":"Φθία","count":1,"glosses":["Phthia"],"forms":["Φθίην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.496","id":"b11-l496","source":"ἦ μιν ἀτιμάζουσιν ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα τε Φθίην τε,"}]},{"lemma":"φθίω","count":22,"glosses":["waning","waste away","to destroy","perished","you may perish","would wane","having died","to perish","to waste away","we might kill","destroyed","has died","among the dead"],"forms":["φθινόντων","φθίνουσιν","φθῖσαι","φθίσθαι","φθίνοντος","φθίῃς","φθινέτω","φθῖτ","φθιμένοιο","φθίσεσθαι","φθίσωμεν","φθῖσαν","ἔφθιται","ἔφθιθεν","φθιμένοισι"],"morphology":["present active participle, genitive plural masculine","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist middle infinitive","present active participle, genitive singular masculine","present active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist participle, genitive singular masculine","future middle infinitive","aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist middle participle, dative plural masculine"],"note":"subjunctive after ὥς κε expresses purpose ('so that you may perish'), not a clause of fearing","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.368","id":"b2-l368","source":"ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς, τάδε δʼ αὐτοὶ πάντα δάσονται."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.741","id":"b4-l741","source":"ὃν καὶ Ὀδυσσῆος φθῖσαι γόνον ἀντιθέοιο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.161","id":"b5-l161","source":"φθινέτω· ἤδη γάρ σε μάλα πρόφρασσʼ ἀποπέμψω."}]},{"lemma":"φθινύθω","count":8,"glosses":["waste away","keep wasting away","wear away","perish","waste","wastes away"],"forms":["φθινύθουσιν","φθινύθουσι","φθινύθει","φθινύθω"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb"],"note":"φθινύθουσι 'waste away, die off' — reinforcing the eerie changelessness of the sacred herds.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.250","id":"b1-l250","source":"ποιῆσαι δύναται· τοὶ δὲ φθινύθουσιν ἔδοντες"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.530","id":"b8-l530","source":"τῆς δʼ ἐλεεινοτάτῳ ἄχεϊ φθινύθουσι παρειαί·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.485","id":"b10-l485","source":"ἠδʼ ἄλλων ἑτάρων, οἵ μευ φθινύθουσι φίλον κῆρ"}]},{"lemma":"φθισίμβροτος","count":1,"glosses":["man-destroying"],"forms":["φθισίμβροτον"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"φθισίμβροτον: rare compound epithet for the aegis, 'mortal-destroying' — signals divine intervention turning the tide.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.297","id":"b22-l297","source":"δὴ τότʼ Ἀθηναίη φθισίμβροτον αἰγίδʼ ἀνέσχεν"}]},{"lemma":"φθόγγος","count":5,"glosses":["voice","with talk"],"forms":["φθόγγον","φθόγγῳ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.257","id":"b9-l257","source":"δεισάντων φθόγγον τε βαρὺν αὐτόν τε πέλωρον."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.41","id":"b12-l41","source":"ὅς τις ἀιδρείῃ πελάσῃ καὶ φθόγγον ἀκούσῃ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.159","id":"b12-l159","source":"φθόγγον ἀλεύασθαι καὶ λειμῶνʼ ἀνθεμόεντα."}]},{"lemma":"φθογγή","count":2,"glosses":["sound","voice"],"forms":["φθογγὴν","φθογγῆς"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"φθογγή 'voice/sound', here the bleating of flocks","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.167","id":"b9-l167","source":"καπνόν τʼ αὐτῶν τε φθογγὴν ὀίων τε καὶ αἰγῶν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.198","id":"b12-l198","source":"φθογγῆς Σειρήνων ἠκούομεν οὐδέ τʼ ἀοιδῆς,"}]},{"lemma":"φθονέω","count":7,"glosses":["do you begrudge","begrudge","would grudge","I grudge","grudge","to grudge","I would not begrudge"],"forms":["φθονέω","φθονέοιμι","φθονέεις","φθονέειν"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active optative, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active infinitive"],"note":"οὔτε...οὔτε correlative 'neither...nor', governing genitive of the thing withheld","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.346","id":"b1-l346","source":"μῆτερ ἐμή, τί τʼ ἄρα φθονέεις ἐρίηρον ἀοιδὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.68","id":"b6-l68","source":"οὔτε τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω, τέκος, οὔτε τευ ἄλλου."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.381","id":"b11-l381","source":"τούτων σοι φθονέοιμι καὶ οἰκτρότερʼ ἄλλʼ ἀγορεύειν,"}]},{"lemma":"φίλιος","count":1,"glosses":["dear"],"forms":["φιλίων"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.351","id":"b19-l351","source":"ξείνων τηλεδαπῶν φιλίων ἐμὸν ἵκετο δῶμα,"}]},{"lemma":"φίλος","count":334,"glosses":["dear","friends","friend","dear, own","his own","loved ones","own","kindly","pleasing","own, dear","beloved","welcome","my own","own dear","kin, dear ones","his friends","dear/his own","of his friends","kindly, well","from friends","dear one","loved ones/friends","friends'","dear friends","of his own (people)","welcomed","dear ones","dear/own","my love","her dear","beloved, dear","welcome, dear","my loved ones","pleasing/dear","for loved ones","of friends","dear, beloved","kind deeds","lovingly","grieving","for friends","her own","his dear","my dear","dear, dearest","kinsfolk","dearer","dear friend"],"forms":["φίλον","φίλος","φίλοι","φίλην","φίλη","φίλα","φίλ","φίλων","φίλῳ","φίλους","φίλε","φίλοισι","φίλου","φίλοιο","φίλοισιν","φίλης","φίλῃ","φίλοις","φίλαι","φίλῃσιν","φίλας","φιλίων"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","nominative singular neuter adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","vocative plural masculine adjective","vocative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular feminine adjective","genitive plural masculine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative singular feminine adjective","genitive singular masculine adjective","accusative plural neuter adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","accusative plural masculine adjective","nominative plural masculine adjective","dative plural masculine adjective","vocative singular feminine adjective","dative plural neuter adjective","nominative plural neuter adjective","vocative singular neuter adjective","genitive singular feminine adjective","dative singular feminine adjective","vocative plural neuter adjective","dative plural feminine adjective","accusative plural feminine adjective","vocative plural feminine adjective","nominative plural feminine adjective","nominative singular masculine comparative adjective"],"note":"vocative address; φίλοι (an adjective used substantively) modifies an implied/elided noun such as 'men' — φίλοι itself already supplies the term of endearment.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.19","id":"b1-l19","source":"καὶ μετὰ οἷσι φίλοισι. θεοὶ δʼ ἐλέαιρον ἅπαντες"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.49","id":"b1-l49","source":"δυσμόρῳ, ὃς δὴ δηθὰ φίλων ἄπο πήματα πάσχει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.60","id":"b1-l60","source":"ἐντρέπεται φίλον ἦτορ, Ὀλύμπιε. οὔ νύ τʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς"}]},{"lemma":"φίλτατος","count":3,"glosses":["dearest"],"forms":["φιλτάτη","φίλτατός","φίλταθ"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine superlative adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","vocative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.284","id":"b8-l284","source":"ἥ οἱ γαιάων πολὺ φιλτάτη ἐστὶν ἁπασέων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.445","id":"b16-l445","source":"τῷ μοι Τηλέμαχος πάντων πολὺ φίλτατός ἐστιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.517","id":"b24-l517","source":"ὦ Ἀρκεισιάδη, πάντων πολὺ φίλταθʼ ἑταίρων,"}]},{"lemma":"φίλτερος","count":1,"glosses":["dearer"],"forms":["φίλτερος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.360","id":"b11-l360","source":"καί κʼ αἰδοιότερος καὶ φίλτερος ἀνδράσιν εἴην"}]},{"lemma":"φῖλος","count":1,"glosses":["pleasing things"],"forms":["φίλα"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.210","id":"b24-l210","source":"δμῶες ἀναγκαῖοι, τοί οἱ φίλα ἐργάζοντο."}]},{"lemma":"φιλέω","count":46,"glosses":["loved","used to love","to love","loving","loves","welcomed","to show kindness","you will be treated kindly","used to love him","may welcome","to honor","might love","they love/welcome","she loved/tended","we may entertain","one who befriends","loving him","befriended","love","makes much of him","he loved","will treat kindly","you shall be welcomed","would entertain","she loved","to treat kindly","to entertain","befriending","treating warmly","let them love"],"forms":["ἐφίλει","φιλέειν","φιλέεσκε","φιλέει","φίλει","φιλήσεαι","φιλέεσκεν","φιλέων","φιλεῦντας","φιλήσῃ","φιλησέμεν","φιλέοντέ","φιλοίη","φίλεόν","φιλέουσ","φιλέωμεν","ἐφίλησε","φιλέοντι","φιλέοντε","φίλησε","φιλέοντες","φιλέουσιν","φιλῆσαι","φιλήσω","φιλέῃσιν","φιλεῖν","φιλέοι","φιλεόντων"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active infinitive","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","future indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, accusative plural masculine","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","future active infinitive","present active participle, accusative dual masculine","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","present active participle, dative singular masculine","present active participle, nominative dual masculine","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","aorist active infinitive","future active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","future middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active imperative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"φιλέεσκε has the iterative -εσκε suffix, marking repeated/habitual past action: 'she loved him, again and again, over time.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.123","id":"b1-l123","source":"χαῖρε, ξεῖνε, παρʼ ἄμμι φιλήσεαι· αὐτὰρ\n                     ἔπειτα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.264","id":"b1-l264","source":"ἀλλὰ πατήρ οἱ δῶκεν ἐμός· φιλέεσκε γὰρ αἰνῶς—"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.435","id":"b1-l435","source":"δμῳάων φιλέεσκε, καὶ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα."}]},{"lemma":"φιλήρετμος","count":8,"glosses":["oar-loving"],"forms":["φιληρέτμοισι","φιληρέτμοισιν"],"morphology":["dative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"φιλήρετμος, 'oar-loving,' is a compound epithet marking the Taphians as a seafaring people.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.181","id":"b1-l181","source":"υἱός, ἀτὰρ Ταφίοισι φιληρέτμοισιν ἀνάσσω."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.419","id":"b1-l419","source":"υἱός, ἀτὰρ Ταφίοισι φιληρέτμοισιν ἀνάσσει."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.386","id":"b5-l386","source":"ἧος ὃ Φαιήκεσσι φιληρέτμοισι μιγείη"}]},{"lemma":"φιλόξενος","count":4,"glosses":["hospitable","kind to strangers","friendly to strangers"],"forms":["φιλόξεινοι"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"φιλόξενος 'guest-loving', the key Homeric value-word for hospitality (xenia)","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.121","id":"b6-l121","source":"ἦε φιλόξεινοι καί σφιν νόος ἐστὶ θεουδής;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.576","id":"b8-l576","source":"οἵ τε φιλόξεινοι, καί σφιν νόος ἐστὶ θεουδής."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.176","id":"b9-l176","source":"ἦε φιλόξεινοι, καί σφιν νόος ἐστὶ θεουδής."}]},{"lemma":"φιλότης","count":23,"glosses":["in love","friendship","out of friendship","the love","for the love","love","kindness, friendship","affection","kindness","of love"],"forms":["φιλότητι","φιλότητος","φιλότητά","φιλότητα","φιλότητ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"φιλότητι, dative of cause/manner explaining why the crew follows Telemachus","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.363","id":"b3-l363","source":"οἱ δʼ ἄλλοι φιλότητι νεώτεροι ἄνδρες ἕπονται,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.126","id":"b5-l126","source":"ᾧ θυμῷ εἴξασα, μίγη φιλότητι καὶ εὐνῇ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.227","id":"b5-l227","source":"τερπέσθην φιλότητι, παρʼ ἀλλήλοισι μένοντες."}]},{"lemma":"Φιλοίτιος","count":5,"glosses":["Philoetius"],"forms":["Φιλοίτιος","Φιλοίτιε"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Vocative address to the loyal cowherd, one of Odysseus's faithful servants.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.185","id":"b20-l185","source":"τοῖσι δʼ ἐπὶ τρίτος ἦλθε Φιλοίτιος, ὄρχαμος\n                  ἀνδρῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.254","id":"b20-l254","source":"σῖτον δέ σφʼ ἐπένειμε Φιλοίτιος, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.240","id":"b21-l240","source":"σοὶ δέ, Φιλοίτιε δῖε, θύρας ἐπιτέλλομαι αὐλῆς"}]},{"lemma":"φιλοκέρτομος","count":1,"glosses":["mocker"],"forms":["φιλοκέρτομε"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.287","id":"b22-l287","source":"ὦ Πολυθερσεΐδη φιλοκέρτομε, μή ποτε πάμπαν"}]},{"lemma":"Φιλοκτήτης","count":2,"glosses":["Philoctetes"],"forms":["Φιλοκτήτην","Φιλοκτήτης"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"the legendary archer entrusted with Herakles' bow — a name-drop that raises the stakes of Odysseus's boast","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.190","id":"b3-l190","source":"εὖ δὲ Φιλοκτήτην, Ποιάντιον ἀγλαὸν υἱόν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.219","id":"b8-l219","source":"οἶος δή με Φιλοκτήτης ἀπεκαίνυτο τόξῳ"}]},{"lemma":"Φιλομηλεΐδης","count":2,"glosses":["Philomeleides"],"forms":["Φιλομηλεΐδῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Local Lesbian king Odysseus wrestled and beat, per the boast Menelaus recalls; dative of the person contended against.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.343","id":"b4-l343","source":"ἐξ ἔριδος Φιλομηλεΐδῃ ἐπάλαισεν ἀναστάς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.134","id":"b17-l134","source":"ἐξ ἔριδος Φιλομηλεΐδῃ ἐπάλαισεν ἀναστάς,"}]},{"lemma":"φιλομμειδής","count":1,"glosses":["laughter-loving"],"forms":["φιλομμειδὴς"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"epithet φιλομμειδής, standing epithet of Aphrodite","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.362","id":"b8-l362","source":"ἡ δʼ ἄρα Κύπρον ἵκανε φιλομμειδὴς Ἀφροδίτη,"}]},{"lemma":"φιλοπαίγμων","count":1,"glosses":["merry"],"forms":["φιλοπαίγμονος"],"morphology":["genitive singular adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.134","id":"b23-l134","source":"ἡμῖν ἡγείσθω φιλοπαίγμονος ὀρχηθμοῖο,"}]},{"lemma":"φιλοτήσιος","count":1,"glosses":["of love"],"forms":["φιλοτήσια"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.246","id":"b11-l246","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἐτέλεσσε θεὸς φιλοτήσια ἔργα,"}]},{"lemma":"φιτρός","count":1,"glosses":["logs"],"forms":["φιτροὺς"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.11","id":"b12-l11","source":"φιτροὺς δʼ αἶψα ταμόντες, ὅθʼ ἀκροτάτη πρόεχʼ ἀκτή,"}]},{"lemma":"φλιά","count":1,"glosses":["doorposts"],"forms":["φλιῇσι"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.221","id":"b17-l221","source":"ὃς πολλῇς φλιῇσι παραστὰς θλίψεται ὤμους,"}]},{"lemma":"φλόξ","count":1,"glosses":["flame"],"forms":["φλὸξ"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.71","id":"b24-l71","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δή σε φλὸξ ἤνυσεν Ἡφαίστοιο,"}]},{"lemma":"φόβος","count":1,"glosses":["of fear"],"forms":["φόβου"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"genitive with ἔσχοντο 'held themselves from' — verb of ceasing takes genitive","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.57","id":"b24-l57","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἔσχοντο φόβου μεγάθυμοι\n                     Ἀχαιοί·"}]},{"lemma":"φόνος","count":26,"glosses":["murder","slaughter","death","of slaughter","in slaughter","slaughters","slaughter, murder","the killing","death, murder","from slaughter","of the slaughter"],"forms":["φόνον","φόνος","φόνου","φόνοιο","φόνῳ","φόνοι"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.165","id":"b2-l165","source":"ἐγγὺς ἐὼν τοῖσδεσσι φόνον καὶ κῆρα φυτεύει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.325","id":"b2-l325","source":"ἦ μάλα Τηλέμαχος φόνον ἡμῖν μερμηρίζει."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.273","id":"b4-l273","source":"Ἀργείων Τρώεσσι φόνον καὶ κῆρα φέροντες."}]},{"lemma":"Φόρκυς","count":3,"glosses":["of Phorcys"],"forms":["Φόρκυνος"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.72","id":"b1-l72","source":"Φόρκυνος θυγάτηρ ἁλὸς ἀτρυγέτοιο μέδοντος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.96","id":"b13-l96","source":"Φόρκυνος δέ τίς ἐστι λιμήν, ἁλίοιο γέροντος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.345","id":"b13-l345","source":"Φόρκυνος μὲν ὅδʼ ἐστὶ λιμήν, ἁλίοιο γέροντος,"}]},{"lemma":"φόρμιγξ","count":15,"glosses":["lyre","the lyre","of the lyre","with the lyre"],"forms":["φόρμιγγα","φόρμιγγος","φόρμιγγός","φόρμιγξ","φόρμιγγι"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.67","id":"b8-l67","source":"κὰδ δʼ ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα λίγειαν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.99","id":"b8-l99","source":"φόρμιγγός θʼ, ἣ δαιτὶ συνήορός ἐστι θαλείῃ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.105","id":"b8-l105","source":"κὰδ δʼ ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα λίγειαν,"}]},{"lemma":"φόρτος","count":2,"glosses":["of cargo","cargo"],"forms":["φόρτου","φόρτον"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.163","id":"b8-l163","source":"φόρτου τε μνήμων καὶ ἐπίσκοπος ᾖσιν ὁδαίων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.296","id":"b14-l296","source":"ψεύδεα βουλεύσας, ἵνα οἱ σὺν φόρτον ἄγοιμι,"}]},{"lemma":"φόως","count":3,"glosses":["light"],"forms":["φόως"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.2","id":"b5-l2","source":"ὤρνυθʼ, ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι φόως φέροι ἠδὲ βροτοῖσιν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.64","id":"b19-l64","source":"νήησαν ξύλα πολλά, φόως ἔμεν ἠδὲ θέρεσθαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.348","id":"b23-l348","source":"ὦρσεν, ἵνʼ ἀνθρώποισι φόως φέροι· ὦρτο δʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς"}]},{"lemma":"φόωσδε","count":1,"glosses":["toward the light"],"forms":["φόωσδε"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":"Directive suffix -δε: 'to/toward the light,' i.e. back to the living world.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.223","id":"b11-l223","source":"ἀλλὰ φόωσδε τάχιστα λιλαίεο· ταῦτα δὲ πάντα"}]},{"lemma":"φοβέω","count":1,"glosses":["they shrank away"],"forms":["φόβηθεν"],"morphology":["aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"φόβηθεν, aorist passive of φοβέω with active meaning 'fled in fear,' common Homeric usage.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.163","id":"b16-l163","source":"κνυζηθμῷ δʼ ἑτέρωσε διὰ σταθμοῖο φόβηθεν."}]},{"lemma":"φοίνιος","count":1,"glosses":["red"],"forms":["φοίνιον"],"morphology":["nominative singular neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.97","id":"b18-l97","source":"ἔθλασεν· αὐτίκα δʼ ἦλθε κατὰ στόμα φοίνιον αἷμα,"}]},{"lemma":"Φοῖβος","count":3,"glosses":["Phoebus","of Phoebus"],"forms":["Φοῖβος","Φοίβου"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"Φοῖβος 'radiant/bright,' Apollo's standing cult epithet, always paired with his name in formula.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.279","id":"b3-l279","source":"ἔνθα κυβερνήτην Μενελάου Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.79","id":"b8-l79","source":"ὣς γάρ οἱ χρείων μυθήσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.201","id":"b9-l201","source":"Φοίβου Ἀπόλλωνος. ὁ δέ μοι πόρεν ἀγλαὰ δῶρα·"}]},{"lemma":"φοῖνιξ","count":2,"glosses":["of a palm","crimson"],"forms":["φοίνικος","φοίνικι"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.163","id":"b6-l163","source":"φοίνικος νέον ἔρνος ἀνερχόμενον ἐνόησα·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.201","id":"b23-l201","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἐτάνυσσα ἱμάντα βοὸς φοίνικι φαεινόν."}]},{"lemma":"Φοῖνιξ","count":6,"glosses":["Phoenicians","a Phoenician","Phoenician","of the Phoenicians"],"forms":["Φοίνικες","Φοίνικας","Φοῖνιξ","Φοίνισσ","Φοινίκων"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","genitive plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/13#13.272","id":"b13-l272","source":"αὐτίκʼ ἐγὼν ἐπὶ νῆα κιὼν Φοίνικας ἀγαυοὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.288","id":"b14-l288","source":"δὴ τότε Φοῖνιξ ἦλθεν ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.415","id":"b15-l415","source":"ἔνθα δὲ Φοίνικες ναυσίκλυτοι ἤλυθον ἄνδρες,"}]},{"lemma":"φοινίκη","count":1,"glosses":["Phoenicia"],"forms":["Φοινίκην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.83","id":"b4-l83","source":"Κύπρον Φοινίκην τε καὶ Αἰγυπτίους ἐπαληθείς,"}]},{"lemma":"Φοινίκη","count":1,"glosses":["Phoenicia"],"forms":["Φοινίκην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.291","id":"b14-l291","source":"Φοινίκην, ὅθι τοῦ γε δόμοι καὶ κτήματʼ ἔκειτο."}]},{"lemma":"φοινικόεις","count":2,"glosses":["crimson"],"forms":["φοινικόεσσαν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.500","id":"b14-l500","source":"καρπαλίμως, ἀπὸ δὲ χλαῖναν θέτο φοινικόεσσαν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.118","id":"b21-l118","source":"ἦ καὶ ἀπʼ ὤμοιϊν χλαῖναν θέτο φοινικόεσσαν"}]},{"lemma":"φοινικοπάρῃος","count":2,"glosses":["crimson-cheeked"],"forms":["φοινικοπαρῄους"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine adjective"],"note":"φοινικοπάρῃος 'red-cheeked' describes painted prows—a vivid compound epithet unique to this formula.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.124","id":"b11-l124","source":"οὐδʼ ἄρα τοί γʼ ἴσασι νέας φοινικοπαρῄους"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/23#23.271","id":"b23-l271","source":"οὐδʼ ἄρα τοί γʼ ἴσασι νέας φοινικοπαρῄους,"}]},{"lemma":"φοιτάω","count":8,"glosses":["came thronging","range about","kept coming","flocked, thronged","went striding","kept ranging","went searching"],"forms":["ἐφοίτων","φοίτων","φοιτῶσ","φοίτα"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"Eurymachus dismisses bird-omens generally, undercutting the seer's authority just claimed in the previous lines.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.182","id":"b2-l182","source":"φοιτῶσʼ, οὐδέ τε πάντες ἐναίσιμοι· αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.401","id":"b9-l401","source":"οἱ δὲ βοῆς ἀίοντες ἐφοίτων ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.119","id":"b10-l119","source":"φοίτων ἴφθιμοι Λαιστρυγόνες ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος,"}]},{"lemma":"φονεύς","count":1,"glosses":["slayers"],"forms":["φονῆας"],"morphology":["accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.434","id":"b24-l434","source":"εἰ δὴ μὴ παίδων τε κασιγνήτων τε φονῆας"}]},{"lemma":"φορέω","count":20,"glosses":["carried","carry","carried, bore","drives, carries","bore, carried","carries round","might carry it","brought","carry off","kept carrying","to wear","to carry","you wear, flaunt","used to carry","to carry out","were carrying"],"forms":["ἐφόρει","φορέουσι","φορέειν","φόρεον","φορέῃσιν","φορέῃσι","φοροίη","φορῆναι","φορέεις","φόρει","φορέεσκε","ἐφόρεον"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active infinitive","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present active optative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"imperfect: repeated/ongoing action, 'kept carrying' him over the waves","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.390","id":"b2-l390","source":"ὅπλʼ ἐτίθει, τά τε νῆες ἐύσσελμοι φορέουσι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.510","id":"b4-l510","source":"τὸν δʼ ἐφόρει κατὰ πόντον ἀπείρονα κυμαίνοντα."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.327","id":"b5-l327","source":"τὴν δʼ ἐφόρει μέγα κῦμα κατὰ ῥόον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα."}]},{"lemma":"φορμίζω","count":3,"glosses":["playing the lyre"],"forms":["φορμίζων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"φορμίζων, from φόρμιγξ 'lyre' — denominative verb built directly on the instrument's name.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.155","id":"b1-l155","source":"ἦ τοι ὁ φορμίζων ἀνεβάλλετο καλὸν ἀείδειν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.18","id":"b4-l18","source":"φορμίζων, δοιὼ δὲ κυβιστητῆρε κατʼ αὐτούς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.266","id":"b8-l266","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ φορμίζων ἀνεβάλλετο καλὸν ἀείδειν"}]},{"lemma":"φορτίς","count":2,"glosses":["of a freighter","freighter"],"forms":["φορτίδος"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"φορτίς, a broad cargo/merchant ship, distinct from a swift warship","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.250","id":"b5-l250","source":"φορτίδος εὐρείης, ἐὺ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.323","id":"b9-l323","source":"φορτίδος εὐρείης, ἥ τʼ ἐκπεράᾳ μέγα λαῖτμα·"}]},{"lemma":"φορύνω","count":1,"glosses":["were fouled, defiled"],"forms":["φορύνετο"],"morphology":["imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.21","id":"b22-l21","source":"σῖτός τε κρέα τʼ ὀπτὰ φορύνετο. τοὶ δʼ ὁμάδησαν"}]},{"lemma":"φορύσσω","count":1,"glosses":["smearing"],"forms":["φορύξας"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":"φορύξας aorist participle 'having smeared' — the beating leaves him drenched in blood.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.336","id":"b18-l336","source":"δώματος ἐκπέμψῃσι, φορύξας αἵματι πολλῷ."}]},{"lemma":"φράζω","count":63,"glosses":["consider","devised","let us consider","had shown","to point out","recognized","let us plan","pointed out","to consider","he will devise","to take thought","declare, speak","let us take thought","will plot","we devised","decreed","mark, notice","devise","are plotting","will counsel","showed","declare!","pointed out, showed","has told","told","we took counsel","he judged","plotted","consider, judge","I will consider","I marked","take care","described","you perceived","will note","has declared","marked","to watch","find out","I noticed","will discern","to weigh, consider","we will consider","declared, showed","you spoke of it","plotting","perceive","look at"],"forms":["φράζεσθαι","πέφραδ","πέφραδε","φράζεο","φράζευ","φραζώμεθ","φράσαι","φράσσεται","ἐφράσατο","φράσσομαι","ἐπέφραδε","ἐπέφραδεν","φραζώμεθα","φράσσαντό","ἐφράσθης","φραζώμεσθ","φράσσονται","φραζόμεθ","φράσσαντ","ἐφράσσατο","φράζονται","πεφραδέμεν","φράσε","φραζοίμεθα","φράζετο","φραζέσθην","ἐφράσαθ","ἐφρασάμην","πεφραδέειν","φράσομαι","ἐφράσσαντο","φρασάμην","φράσεται","φρασσόμεθ","φραζομένη"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive infinitive","present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verb","present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist middle indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","future middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","present medio-passive optative, 1st plural verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","future middle indicative, 1st plural verb","present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist imperative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"Middle infinitive φράζεσθαι used as an imperative ('be sure to consider') — a common Homeric way of issuing commands via infinitive.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.205","id":"b1-l205","source":"φράσσεται ὥς κε νέηται, ἐπεὶ πολυμήχανός ἐστιν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.269","id":"b1-l269","source":"οἷσιν ἐνὶ μεγάροισι· σὲ δὲ φράζεσθαι ἄνωγα,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.273","id":"b1-l273","source":"μῦθον πέφραδε πᾶσι, θεοὶ δʼ ἐπὶ μάρτυροι ἔστων."}]},{"lemma":"φράσσω","count":1,"glosses":["he fenced"],"forms":["φράξε"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"φράξε: aorist, 'walled/fenced' the raft's sides","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.256","id":"b5-l256","source":"φράξε δέ μιν ῥίπεσσι διαμπερὲς οἰσυΐνῃσι"}]},{"lemma":"φρήν","count":163,"glosses":["mind","heart","in mind","in his heart","in heart","wits","in wits","their hearts","heart, mind","in his mind","hearts","mind, heart","his heart","your heart","your mind","heart/mind","her mind","in their hearts","your wits","the mind","his mind","their minds","in mind, heart","mind/wits","in hearts","our minds","chest","in heart, mind","minds/wits","in my heart","my mind","sense, wit","with their minds","minds","midriff, diaphragm","his wits","good sense","wits, mind","my heart","mind, wits","hearts, minds","the wits","in heart/mind","in his heart, mind","wits, senses","in your wits","breast","was the mind","chest/mind"],"forms":["φρεσὶ","φρεσὶν","φρένας","φρένα","φρένες","φρεσίν","φρέν","φρενὶ"],"morphology":["dative plural noun","accusative singular feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","dative plural feminine noun","accusative plural neuter noun","accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":"φρένας (lit. 'midriff/heart-mind,' pl.) is Homer's word for the seat of thought and feeling — glossed here simply as 'mind.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.42","id":"b1-l42","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ Ἑρμείας, ἀλλʼ οὐ φρένας Αἰγίσθοιο"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.89","id":"b1-l89","source":"μᾶλλον ἐποτρύνω καί οἱ μένος ἐν φρεσὶ θείω,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.115","id":"b1-l115","source":"ὀσσόμενος πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἐνὶ φρεσίν, εἴ ποθεν ἐλθὼν"}]},{"lemma":"φρίξ","count":1,"glosses":["ripple"],"forms":["φρικὶ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.402","id":"b4-l402","source":"πνοιῇ ὕπο Ζεφύροιο μελαίνῃ φρικὶ καλυφθείς,"}]},{"lemma":"φρίσσω","count":1,"glosses":["bristling"],"forms":["φρίξας"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.446","id":"b19-l446","source":"φρίξας εὖ λοφιήν, πῦρ δʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσι δεδορκώς,"}]},{"lemma":"Φρόνιος","count":3,"glosses":["of Phronius","Noemon"],"forms":["Φρονίοιο"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.386","id":"b2-l386","source":"ἡ δʼ αὖτε Φρονίοιο Νοήμονα φαίδιμον υἱὸν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.630","id":"b4-l630","source":"τοῖς δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.648","id":"b4-l648","source":"τὸν δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἀντίον ηὔδα·"}]},{"lemma":"φρόνις","count":2,"glosses":["wisdom","knowledge"],"forms":["φρόνιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"φρόνις, a rare noun (only here in Homer) meaning 'understanding, knowledge gained'.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.244","id":"b3-l244","source":"Νέστορʼ, ἐπεὶ περὶ οἶδε δίκας ἠδὲ φρόνιν ἄλλων·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.258","id":"b4-l258","source":"ἦλθε μετʼ Ἀργείους, κατὰ δὲ φρόνιν ἤγαγε πολλήν."}]},{"lemma":"Φρόντις","count":1,"glosses":["Phrontis"],"forms":["Φρόντιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.282","id":"b3-l282","source":"Φρόντιν Ὀνητορίδην, ὃς ἐκαίνυτο φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων"}]},{"lemma":"φρονέω","count":35,"glosses":["pondering","thinking","intending","is disposed","scheming","I understand","meaning, intending","you have in mind","caring for","she thinks","thinking, meaning","having thought","feeling","I perceive","are plotting","plot","plotting","brooding"],"forms":["φρονέων","φρονέοντι","φρονέουσ","φρονέοντες","φρονέω","φρονέῃσ","φρονέεις","φρονέῃσι","φρονέουσιν","φρονέουσι"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active participle, dative singular masculine","present active participle, nominative singular feminine","present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural feminine","present active participle, vocative plural masculine"],"note":"φρονέων ('thinking/intending') as a participle modifying the subject shows Hermes' good intent, even though the persuading failed — a classic Homeric concessive nuance.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.43","id":"b1-l43","source":"πεῖθʼ ἀγαθὰ φρονέων· νῦν δʼ ἁθρόα πάντʼ ἀπέτισεν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.118","id":"b1-l118","source":"τὰ φρονέων, μνηστῆρσι μεθήμενος, εἴσιδʼ Ἀθήνην."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.307","id":"b1-l307","source":"ξεῖνʼ, ἦ τοι μὲν ταῦτα φίλα φρονέων ἀγορεύεις,"}]},{"lemma":"φύζα","count":2,"glosses":["a rout","panic/rout"],"forms":["φύζαν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.269","id":"b14-l269","source":"φύζαν ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι κακὴν βάλεν, οὐδέ τις ἔτλη"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.438","id":"b17-l438","source":"φύζαν ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι κακὴν βάλεν, οὐδέ τις ἔτλη"}]},{"lemma":"Φύλακος","count":1,"glosses":["of Phylacus"],"forms":["Φυλάκοιο"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.231","id":"b15-l231","source":"εἶχε βίῃ. ὁ δὲ τῆος ἐνὶ μεγάροις Φυλάκοιο"}]},{"lemma":"φύλλον","count":12,"glosses":["leaves","of leaves","with leaves","leafy"],"forms":["φύλλων","φύλλα","φύλλοισι"],"morphology":["genitive plural neuter noun","dative plural neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","nominative plural neuter noun"],"note":"φύλλων genitive describing πτόρθον, 'a branch of leaves' — leafy branch used to cover himself","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.483","id":"b5-l483","source":"εὐρεῖαν· φύλλων γὰρ ἔην χύσις ἤλιθα πολλή,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.487","id":"b5-l487","source":"ἐν δʼ ἄρα μέσσῃ λέκτο, χύσιν δʼ ἐπεχεύατο φύλλων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.491","id":"b5-l491","source":"ὣς Ὀδυσεὺς φύλλοισι καλύψατο· τῷ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθήνη"}]},{"lemma":"φύλοπις","count":3,"glosses":["din of battle","battle-din","battle-strife"],"forms":["φυλόπιδα","φυλόπιδος","φύλοπιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"φύλοπιν αἰνὴν 'dread strife' - formulaic pairing with πόλεμον for the horror of war","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.314","id":"b11-l314","source":"φυλόπιδα στήσειν πολυάικος πολέμοιο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.268","id":"b16-l268","source":"φυλόπιδος κρατερῆς, ὁπότε μνηστῆρσι καὶ ἡμῖν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.475","id":"b24-l475","source":"ἢ προτέρω πόλεμόν τε κακὸν καὶ φύλοπιν αἰνὴν"}]},{"lemma":"φύξιμος","count":1,"glosses":["refuge"],"forms":["φύξιμον"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter adjective"],"note":"φύξιμον, 'affording escape' — describes the land Ino promised as his refuge.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.359","id":"b5-l359","source":"γαῖαν ἐγὼν ἰδόμην, ὅθι μοι φάτο φύξιμον εἶναι."}]},{"lemma":"φύρω","count":5,"glosses":["stained","fouled","drenched","I smear"],"forms":["πεφυρμένη","πεφυρμένον","φύρσω"],"morphology":["perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb"],"note":"perfect participle πεφυρμένη 'soaked through'—an enduring state of the tear-stained bed","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.397","id":"b9-l397","source":"ἐξέρυσʼ ὀφθαλμοῖο πεφυρμένον αἵματι πολλῷ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.103","id":"b17-l103","source":"αἰεὶ δάκρυσʼ ἐμοῖσι πεφυρμένη, ἐξ οὗ Ὀδυσσεὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.21","id":"b18-l21","source":"μή σε γέρων περ ἐὼν στῆθος καὶ χείλεα φύρσω"}]},{"lemma":"φύς","count":1,"glosses":["having set"],"forms":["φύντες"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/20#20.268","id":"b20-l268","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ὀδὰξ ἐν χείλεσι\n                  φύντες"}]},{"lemma":"φύσις","count":1,"glosses":["nature"],"forms":["φύσιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.303","id":"b10-l303","source":"ἐκ γαίης ἐρύσας, καί μοι φύσιν αὐτοῦ ἔδειξε."}]},{"lemma":"φύω","count":21,"glosses":["had grown","grow","clasped","were growing","clung","having fixed","grown","brings forth","have grown","took, clasped","grasped","clasped, grasped","having fixed, growing","grew"],"forms":["φῦ","πεφύκει","φύντες","ἔφυν","πεφύασιν","πεφυῶτας","πεφύκασι","φύει","φύονται","ἔφυσε","ἔφυ","φύοντο"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","perfect active participle, accusative plural masculine","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"φύντες, aorist of φύω ('grow, fix'), pictures the teeth sinking/growing into the lip — a vivid literal root behind the idiom.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.381","id":"b1-l381","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ὀδὰξ ἐν χείλεσι\n                  φύντες"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.302","id":"b2-l302","source":"ἔν τʼ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.63","id":"b5-l63","source":"ὕλη δὲ σπέος ἀμφὶ πεφύκει τηλεθόωσα,"}]},{"lemma":"φῦλον","count":7,"glosses":["tribes","tribe, race","whole breed","race, line"],"forms":["φῦλ","φῦλον","φῦλα"],"morphology":["nominative plural neuter noun","accusative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.282","id":"b3-l282","source":"Φρόντιν Ὀνητορίδην, ὃς ἐκαίνυτο φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.206","id":"b7-l206","source":"ὥς περ Κύκλωπές τε καὶ ἄγρια φῦλα Γιγάντων."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.307","id":"b7-l307","source":"δύσζηλοι γάρ τʼ εἰμὲν ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων."}]},{"lemma":"φυγή","count":2,"glosses":["in flight","flight"],"forms":["φυγῇ","φυγή"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.117","id":"b10-l117","source":"τὼ δὲ δύʼ ἀίξαντε φυγῇ ἐπὶ νῆας ἱκέσθην."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.306","id":"b22-l306","source":"γίγνεται οὐδὲ φυγή· χαίρουσι δέ τʼ ἀνέρες ἄγρῃ·"}]},{"lemma":"φυγοπτόλεμος","count":1,"glosses":["a battle-shirker"],"forms":["φυγοπτόλεμος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"φυγοπτόλεμος, 'flee-war,' is a stock Homeric term of reproach (used elsewhere as an insult, e.g. of Paris/Hector) reused here in litotes with οὐδέ for self-praise, not a word coined for this line.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.213","id":"b14-l213","source":"οὐδὲ φυγοπτόλεμος· νῦν δʼ ἤδη πάντα λέλοιπεν"}]},{"lemma":"φυή","count":6,"glosses":["in stature","in build","in form","build, stature"],"forms":["φυήν","φυὴν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"δέμας/φυήν: accusatives of respect, 'in body' and 'in stature' — specify how he is unlike the gods.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.212","id":"b5-l212","source":"οὐ δέμας οὐδὲ φυήν, ἐπεὶ οὔ πως οὐδὲ ἔοικεν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.16","id":"b6-l16","source":"κοιμᾶτʼ ἀθανάτῃσι φυὴν καὶ εἶδος ὁμοίη,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.152","id":"b6-l152","source":"εἶδός τε μέγεθός τε φυήν τʼ ἄγχιστα ἐίσκω·"}]},{"lemma":"φυκτός","count":2,"glosses":["escapable"],"forms":["φυκτὰ"],"morphology":["nominative plural neuter adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.299","id":"b8-l299","source":"καὶ τότε δὴ γίγνωσκον, ὅ τʼ οὐκέτι φυκτὰ πέλοντο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.489","id":"b14-l489","source":"οἰοχίτωνʼ ἔμεναι· νῦν δʼ οὐκέτι φυκτὰ πέλονται."}]},{"lemma":"Φυλάκη","count":2,"glosses":["Phylace"],"forms":["Φυλάκης"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.290","id":"b11-l290","source":"ἐκ Φυλάκης ἐλάσειε βίης Ἰφικληείης"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.236","id":"b15-l236","source":"ἐς Πύλον ἐκ Φυλάκης καὶ ἐτίσατο ἔργον ἀεικὲς"}]},{"lemma":"φυλάσσω","count":20,"glosses":["guard","to guard","to keep safe","guarded","keep, guard","kept watch","I may lie in wait","you would keep","keep watch","we would guard","guards","watches over","keep","keeping watch","will keep watch"],"forms":["φυλάσσω","φυλάσσειν","φυλασσέμεναι","φυλάσσει","ἐφύλασσε","φυλάσσεις","φύλασσε","φυλάξω","φυλάσσοις","φυλάσσοιμεν","φυλάξων","φυλάξεις"],"morphology":["present active infinitive","present active indicative, 1st singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present active optative, 2nd singular verb","present active optative, 1st plural verb","future active participle, nominative singular masculine","future active indicative, 2nd singular verb"],"note":"φυλάσσοις, optative with κε — a polite/hypothetical \"you would guard/keep\" (Calypso's offer of immortality).","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.227","id":"b2-l227","source":"πείθεσθαί τε γέροντι καὶ ἔμπεδα πάντα φυλάσσειν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.346","id":"b2-l346","source":"ἔσχʼ, ἣ πάντʼ ἐφύλασσε νόου πολυϊδρείῃσιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.350","id":"b2-l350","source":"ἡδύν, ὅτις μετὰ τὸν λαρώτατος ὃν σὺ φυλάσσεις"}]},{"lemma":"φυλία","count":1,"glosses":["wild olive"],"forms":["φυλίης"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.477","id":"b5-l477","source":"ἐξ ὁμόθεν πεφυῶτας· ὁ μὲν φυλίης, ὁ δʼ ἐλαίης."}]},{"lemma":"Φυλώ","count":2,"glosses":["Phylo"],"forms":["Φυλὼ"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.125","id":"b4-l125","source":"Φυλὼ δʼ ἀργύρεον τάλαρον φέρε, τόν οἱ ἔθηκεν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.133","id":"b4-l133","source":"τόν ῥά οἱ ἀμφίπολος Φυλὼ παρέθηκε φέρουσα"}]},{"lemma":"φυσίζους","count":1,"glosses":["life-giving"],"forms":["φυσίζοος"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"φυσίζοος, 'life-bearing' — striking epithet for earth that also entombs the dual heroes.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.301","id":"b11-l301","source":"τοὺς ἄμφω ζωοὺς κατέχει φυσίζοος αἶα·"}]},{"lemma":"φυτεύω","count":10,"glosses":["is sowing","sows, plants","they plant","was sowing","sowing","is sowing, plotting","sowed","sow","planting"],"forms":["φυτεύει","φύτευεν","φυτεύων","φυτεύουσιν","φυτεύσω"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active participle, nominative singular masculine","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb"],"note":"φυτεύει, literally 'plants,' a grim agricultural metaphor for causing doom","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.165","id":"b2-l165","source":"ἐγγὺς ἐὼν τοῖσδεσσι φόνον καὶ κῆρα φυτεύει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.340","id":"b5-l340","source":"ὠδύσατʼ ἐκπάγλως, ὅτι τοι κακὰ πολλὰ φυτεύει;"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.108","id":"b9-l108","source":"οὔτε φυτεύουσιν χερσὶν φυτὸν οὔτʼ ἀρόωσιν,"}]},{"lemma":"φυτόν","count":4,"glosses":["a plant","the plant","plant"],"forms":["φυτὸν","φυτόν"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.108","id":"b9-l108","source":"οὔτε φυτεύουσιν χερσὶν φυτὸν οὔτʼ ἀρόωσιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.227","id":"b24-l227","source":"λιστρεύοντα φυτόν· ῥυπόωντα δὲ ἕστο χιτῶνα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.242","id":"b24-l242","source":"ἦ τοι ὁ μὲν κατέχων κεφαλὴν φυτὸν ἀμφελάχαινε·"}]},{"lemma":"φώκη","count":7,"glosses":["seals","of seals","for seals"],"forms":["φῶκαι","φώκας","φωκάων","φώκῃσι"],"morphology":["nominative plural feminine noun","accusative plural feminine noun","genitive plural feminine noun","dative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.404","id":"b4-l404","source":"ἀμφὶ δέ μιν φῶκαι νέποδες καλῆς ἁλοσύδνης"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.411","id":"b4-l411","source":"φώκας μέν τοι πρῶτον ἀριθμήσει καὶ ἔπεισιν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.436","id":"b4-l436","source":"τέσσαρα φωκάων ἐκ πόντου δέρματʼ ἔνεικε·"}]},{"lemma":"φώς","count":35,"glosses":["man","men","a man","the man","of men","of the man","man, person","of the men","for a man","person"],"forms":["φωτὶ","φῶτα","φωτῶν","φώς","φῶτας","φῶτες","φωτός","φῶτ","φωτὸς","φῶθ"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"ἰσόθεος φώς, 'godlike man' — an epic formula applying divine-adjacent stature to Telemachus as he steps forward with new resolve.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.324","id":"b1-l324","source":"αὐτίκα δὲ μνηστῆρας ἐπῴχετο ἰσόθεος φώς."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.355","id":"b1-l355","source":"ἐν Τροίῃ, πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι φῶτες ὄλοντο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.384","id":"b2-l384","source":"καί ῥα ἑκάστῳ φωτὶ παρισταμένη φάτο μῦθον,"}]},{"lemma":"φωνέω","count":83,"glosses":["speaking","having spoken","spoke","and spoke","he spoke","having raised his voice","addressed","speaking aloud","having spoken aloud","lifting his voice, calling out","speaking out","speaking, calling","spoke out","spoke, called","calling out","uttering"],"forms":["φωνήσας","φώνησέν","φωνήσασ","ἐφώνησεν","φωνήσασα","φωνήσαντε","φωνησάσης"],"morphology":["aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist active participle, nominative dual masculine","aorist active participle, genitive singular feminine"],"note":"Formulaic closing line ὣς ἄρ᾽ ἐφώνησεν marks the end of a speech throughout Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.122","id":"b1-l122","source":"καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.257","id":"b2-l257","source":"ὣς ἄρʼ ἐφώνησεν, λῦσεν δʼ ἀγορὴν αἰψηρήν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.269","id":"b2-l269","source":"καί μιν φωνήσασʼ ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·"}]},{"lemma":"φωνή","count":10,"glosses":["voice","a sound","in voice","with a voice","with her voice"],"forms":["φωνή","φωνήν","φωνῇ","φωνὴν","φωνὴ"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.279","id":"b4-l279","source":"πάντων Ἀργείων φωνὴν ἴσκουσʼ ἀλόχοισιν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.705","id":"b4-l705","source":"δακρυόφι πλῆσθεν, θαλερὴ δέ οἱ ἔσχετο φωνή."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.239","id":"b10-l239","source":"οἱ δὲ συῶν μὲν ἔχον κεφαλὰς φωνήν τε τρίχας τε"}]},{"lemma":"φωριαμός","count":1,"glosses":["the chests"],"forms":["φωριαμοῖσιν"],"morphology":["dative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.104","id":"b15-l104","source":"ἀργύρεον· Ἑλένη δὲ παρίστατο φωριαμοῖσιν,"}]}]}