{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"ξ","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/words/xi","headwords":[{"lemma":"ξαίνω","count":1,"glosses":["to card"],"forms":["ξαίνειν"],"morphology":["present active infinitive"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.423","id":"b22-l423","source":"εἴριά τε ξαίνειν καὶ δουλοσύνην ἀνέχεσθαι·"}]},{"lemma":"ξανθός","count":19,"glosses":["fair-haired","blond","golden"],"forms":["ξανθὸς","ξανθὸν","ξανθὰς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","accusative plural feminine adjective"],"note":"ξανθός, the fixed epithet of Menelaus throughout the poem, marking him instantly by hair color.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.285","id":"b1-l285","source":"κεῖθεν δὲ Σπάρτηνδε παρὰ ξανθὸν Μενέλαον·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.168","id":"b3-l168","source":"ὀψὲ δὲ δὴ μετὰ νῶι κίε ξανθὸς Μενέλαος,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.257","id":"b3-l257","source":"Ἀτρεΐδης Τροίηθεν ἰών, ξανθὸς Μενέλαος·"}]},{"lemma":"ξένιος","count":18,"glosses":["guest-gifts","of hospitality","guest-gift","hospitable","hospitality, guest-gifts","the guest-god","protector of strangers"],"forms":["ξείνια","ξείνιον","ξενίη","ξενίων","ξείνιος","ξεινίου","ξένιον"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective","nominative singular feminine adjective","genitive plural neuter adjective","nominative singular masculine adjective","genitive singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"ξένια 'gifts of hospitality' — the guest-friendship (xenia) custom central to the Odyssey.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.490","id":"b3-l490","source":"ἔνθα δὲ νύκτʼ ἄεσαν, ὁ δὲ τοῖς πὰρ ξείνια θῆκεν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.91","id":"b5-l91","source":"ἀλλʼ ἕπεο προτέρω, ἵνα τοι πὰρ ξείνια θείω."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.229","id":"b9-l229","source":"ὄφρʼ αὐτόν τε ἴδοιμι, καὶ εἴ μοι ξείνια δοίη."}]},{"lemma":"ξένος","count":201,"glosses":["stranger","strangers","the stranger","guest","guest-friend","guests","of strangers","a stranger","stranger, guest","to the stranger","a guest-friend","of guests","guest-friends","for the stranger","friends, hosts","to guests","the strangers","for his guests","two strangers","of the strangers","for our guest","from the stranger","to a stranger","to strangers","of the stranger","host","guests, strangers","the guests","of a guest"],"forms":["ξεῖνε","ξεῖνος","ξεῖνον","ξεῖν","ξείνους","ξείνῳ","ξείνων","ξεῖνοι","ξείνοιο","ξείνοισιν","ξεῖνοί","ξεῖνός","ξείνου","ξείνοισι","ξείνω","ξεῖνέ","ξείνοις"],"morphology":["vocative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun","genitive plural masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun","dative plural masculine noun","vocative plural masculine noun","vocative singular masculine adjective","accusative dual masculine noun","accusative plural masculine adjective","genitive plural masculine adjective","dative plural masculine adjective"],"note":"ξένος names the reciprocal Greek institution of guest-friendship (xenia) — hosts and guests bound by inherited obligation, key to Odyssey's plot.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.105","id":"b1-l105","source":"εἰδομένη ξείνῳ, Ταφίων ἡγήτορι Μέντῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.120","id":"b1-l120","source":"ξεῖνον δηθὰ θύρῃσιν ἐφεστάμεν· ἐγγύθι δὲ στὰς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.123","id":"b1-l123","source":"χαῖρε, ξεῖνε, παρʼ ἄμμι φιλήσεαι· αὐτὰρ\n                     ἔπειτα"}]},{"lemma":"ξέω","count":4,"glosses":["planed","had planed","I planed"],"forms":["ξέσσεν","ξέσσε","ἔξεον"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb"],"note":"ξέσσεν is a simple narrative aorist describing one specific carpenter's past action, not a gnomic aorist.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.245","id":"b5-l245","source":"ξέσσε δʼ ἐπισταμένως καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.341","id":"b17-l341","source":"ξέσσεν ἐπισταμένως καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.44","id":"b21-l44","source":"ξέσσεν ἐπισταμένως καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν,"}]},{"lemma":"ξεινήιον","count":5,"glosses":["guest-gift","hospitality"],"forms":["ξεινήιον","ξεινήια","ξεινήϊον"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","nominative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.33","id":"b4-l33","source":"ἦ μὲν δὴ νῶι ξεινήια πολλὰ φαγόντε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.389","id":"b8-l389","source":"ἀλλʼ ἄγε οἱ δῶμεν ξεινήιον, ὡς ἐπιεικές."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.267","id":"b9-l267","source":"ἱκόμεθʼ, εἴ τι πόροις ξεινήιον ἠὲ καὶ ἄλλως"}]},{"lemma":"ξεινοδόκος","count":3,"glosses":["to his host","hosts","host"],"forms":["ξεινοδόκῳ","ξεινοδόκοι"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun","nominative plural masculine noun"],"note":"ξεινοδόκος 'host' names the reciprocal guest-friendship (cf. ξένος above) being violated","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.210","id":"b8-l210","source":"ὅς τις ξεινοδόκῳ ἔριδα προφέρηται ἀέθλων"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.543","id":"b8-l543","source":"ξεινοδόκοι καὶ ξεῖνος, ἐπεὶ πολὺ κάλλιον οὕτως·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.70","id":"b15-l70","source":"ἀνδρὶ ξεινοδόκῳ, ὅς κʼ ἔξοχα μὲν φιλέῃσιν,"}]},{"lemma":"ξενία","count":2,"glosses":["hospitality","in friendship"],"forms":["ξενίῃ"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.286","id":"b24-l286","source":"καὶ ξενίῃ ἀγαθῇ ἡ γὰρ θέμις, ὅς τις ὑπάρξῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/24#24.314","id":"b24-l314","source":"μίξεσθαι ξενίῃ ἠδʼ ἀγλαὰ δῶρα διδώσειν."}]},{"lemma":"ξενίζω","count":8,"glosses":["I entertained","to entertain","we will entertain","to host, entertain","entertained","you hosted","you entertained"],"forms":["ἐξείνισσα","ξεινίζειν","ξεινίσσομεν","ξεινίσαι","ξείνισας","ξείνισσας"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active infinitive","future active indicative, 1st plural verb","aorist active infinitive"],"note":"ξενίζειν, the duty of xenia (guest-friendship), a core Homeric social code","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.355","id":"b3-l355","source":"ξείνους ξεινίζειν, ὅς τίς κʼ ἐμὰ δώμαθʼ ἵκηται."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.190","id":"b7-l190","source":"ξεῖνον ἐνὶ μεγάροις ξεινίσσομεν ἠδὲ θεοῖσιν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.322","id":"b14-l322","source":"ξεινίσαι ἠδὲ φιλῆσαι ἰόντʼ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν,"}]},{"lemma":"ξενοδόκος","count":2,"glosses":["host"],"forms":["ξεινοδόκου","ξεινοδόκος"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":"ξεινοδόκος 'host, receiver of guests' — key term in xenia (guest-friendship) theme","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15#15.55","id":"b15-l55","source":"ἀνδρὸς ξεινοδόκου, ὅς κεν φιλότητα παράσχῃ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.64","id":"b18-l64","source":"ξεινοδόκος μὲν ἐγών, ἐπὶ δʼ αἰνεῖτον βασιλῆες,"}]},{"lemma":"ξενοσύνη","count":1,"glosses":["guest-friendship"],"forms":["ξεινοσύνης"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":"ξεινοσύνη, \"guest-friendship\" (xenia) — the sacred bond of host and guest.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/21#21.35","id":"b21-l35","source":"ἀρχὴν ξεινοσύνης προσκηδέος· οὐδὲ τραπέζῃ"}]},{"lemma":"ξερόν","count":1,"glosses":["dry land"],"forms":["ξερὸν"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.402","id":"b5-l402","source":"ῥόχθει γὰρ μέγα κῦμα ποτὶ ξερὸν ἠπείροιο"}]},{"lemma":"ξεστός","count":17,"glosses":["polished","smooth","carved/polished"],"forms":["ξεστὴν","ξεστοῖσι","ξεστοῖσιν","ξεστοῦ","ξεστῷ","ξεστῇς","ξεστὸν","ξεστῶν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective","dative plural masculine adjective","genitive singular masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective","dative plural feminine adjective","accusative singular neuter adjective","genitive plural neuter adjective"],"note":"ξεστός 'scraped smooth/polished' — common epic epithet for wooden furniture.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.138","id":"b1-l138","source":"νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.406","id":"b3-l406","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἐλθὼν κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετʼ ἐπὶ ξεστοῖσι λίθοισιν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.54","id":"b4-l54","source":"νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν."}]},{"lemma":"ξίφος","count":23,"glosses":["sword","with swords","of the sword","of his sword","the sword"],"forms":["ξίφος","ξίφεός","ξίφεος","ξίφεσιν","ξίφεσίν"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","genitive singular neuter noun","dative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.3","id":"b2-l3","source":"εἵματα ἑσσάμενος, περὶ δὲ ξίφος ὀξὺ θέτʼ ὤμῳ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.308","id":"b4-l308","source":"εἵματα ἑσσάμενος, περὶ δὲ ξίφος ὀξὺ θέτʼ ὤμῳ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.406","id":"b8-l406","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χερσὶ τίθει ξίφος ἀργυρόηλον"}]},{"lemma":"ξύλον","count":7,"glosses":["wood","firewood"],"forms":["ξύλα"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.429","id":"b3-l429","source":"ἕδρας τε ξύλα τʼ ἀμφὶ καὶ ἀγλαὸν οἰσέμεν ὕδωρ."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.436","id":"b8-l436","source":"ἔν δʼ ἄρʼ ὕδωρ ἔχεαν, ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα δαῖον ἑλοῦσαι."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.418","id":"b14-l418","source":"ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας κέασε ξύλα νηλέϊ χαλκῷ,"}]},{"lemma":"ξύλοχος","count":3,"glosses":["thicket","the thicket"],"forms":["ξυλόχῳ","ξυλόχοιο"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.335","id":"b4-l335","source":"ὡς δʼ ὁπότʼ ἐν ξυλόχῳ ἔλαφος κρατεροῖο λέοντος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/17#17.126","id":"b17-l126","source":"ὡς δʼ ὁπότʼ ἐν ξυλόχῳ ἔλαφος κρατεροῖο λέοντος"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.445","id":"b19-l445","source":"ὡς ἐπάγοντες ἐπῇσαν· ὁ δʼ ἀντίος ἐκ ξυλόχοιο"}]},{"lemma":"ξύω","count":1,"glosses":["scraped"],"forms":["ξῦον"],"morphology":["imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.456","id":"b22-l456","source":"ξῦον· ταὶ δʼ ἐφόρεον δμῳαί, τίθεσαν δὲ θύραζε."}]},{"lemma":"ξυνεείκοσι","count":1,"glosses":["twenty together"],"forms":["ξυνεείκοσι"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":"Rare compound adverb, 'twenty [men] combined,' from σύν + εἴκοσι.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.98","id":"b14-l98","source":"οὔτʼ αὐτῆς Ἰθάκης· οὐδὲ ξυνεείκοσι φωτῶν"}]}]}