{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"ζ","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/words/zeta","headwords":[{"lemma":"Ζάκυνθος","count":4,"glosses":["Zacynthus"],"forms":["Ζακύνθῳ","Ζάκυνθος","Ζακύνθου"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun","genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.246","id":"b1-l246","source":"Δουλιχίῳ τε Σάμῃ τε καὶ ὑλήεντι Ζακύνθῳ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.24","id":"b9-l24","source":"Δουλίχιόν τε Σάμη τε καὶ ὑλήεσσα Ζάκυνθος."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16#16.250","id":"b16-l250","source":"ἐκ δὲ Ζακύνθου ἔασιν ἐείκοσι κοῦροι Ἀχαιῶν,"}]},{"lemma":"ζάω","count":1,"glosses":["was living"],"forms":["ζώοντος"],"morphology":["present active participle, genitive singular masculine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/22#22.38","id":"b22-l38","source":"αὐτοῦ τε ζώοντος ὑπεμνάασθε γυναῖκα,"}]},{"lemma":"ζαής","count":2,"glosses":["gusting","raging"],"forms":["ζαὴς","ζαῆν"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.368","id":"b5-l368","source":"ὡς δʼ ἄνεμος ζαὴς ἠΐων θημῶνα τινάξῃ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/12#12.313","id":"b12-l313","source":"ὦρσεν ἔπι ζαῆν ἄνεμον νεφεληγερέτα Ζεὺς"}]},{"lemma":"ζατρεφής","count":3,"glosses":["well-fed"],"forms":["ζατρεφέων","ζατρεφέας"],"morphology":["genitive plural masculine adjective","accusative plural feminine adjective"],"note":"ζατρεφέων, epic intensive prefix ζα- + τρέφω 'nourish', 'very well-fed goats'.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.451","id":"b4-l451","source":"ζατρεφέας, πάσας δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπῴχετο, λέκτο δʼ ἀριθμόν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.19","id":"b14-l19","source":"αἰεὶ ζατρεφέων σιάλων τὸν ἄριστον ἁπάντων·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.106","id":"b14-l106","source":"ζατρεφέων αἰγῶν ὅς τις φαίνηται ἄριστος."}]},{"lemma":"Ζέφυρος","count":10,"glosses":["West Wind","of the West Wind","the West Wind","to the West Wind","of West Wind"],"forms":["Ζεφύροιο","Ζέφυρος","Ζέφυρον","Ζέφυρός","Ζεφύρῳ","Ζεφύρου"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun"],"note":"Ζέφυρος personified, the west wind, often favorable in Homer.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.421","id":"b2-l421","source":"ἀκραῆ Ζέφυρον, κελάδοντʼ ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.402","id":"b4-l402","source":"πνοιῇ ὕπο Ζεφύροιο μελαίνῃ φρικὶ καλυφθείς,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.567","id":"b4-l567","source":"ἀλλʼ αἰεὶ Ζεφύροιο λιγὺ πνείοντος ἀήτας"}]},{"lemma":"ζέφυρος","count":1,"glosses":["West Wind"],"forms":["Ζέφυρος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.458","id":"b14-l458","source":"πάννυχος, αὐτὰρ ἄη Ζέφυρος μέγας αἰὲν ἔφυδρος."}]},{"lemma":"ζέω","count":1,"glosses":["boiled"],"forms":["ζέσσεν"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.360","id":"b10-l360","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ ζέσσεν ὕδωρ ἐνὶ ἤνοπι χαλκῷ,"}]},{"lemma":"ζείδωρος","count":9,"glosses":["grain-giving"],"forms":["ζείδωρον","ζείδωρος"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine adjective","nominative singular feminine adjective"],"note":"ζείδωρος, 'grain-giving' (ζειά, spelt-grain + δῶρον, gift), a stock Homeric epithet for the earth.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.3","id":"b3-l3","source":"καὶ θνητοῖσι βροτοῖσιν ἐπὶ ζείδωρον ἄρουραν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.229","id":"b4-l229","source":"Αἰγυπτίη, τῇ πλεῖστα φέρει ζείδωρος ἄρουρα"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.463","id":"b5-l463","source":"σχοίνῳ ὑπεκλίνθη, κύσε δὲ ζείδωρον ἄρουραν."}]},{"lemma":"ζειά","count":2,"glosses":["spelt"],"forms":["ζειάς","ζειαί"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.41","id":"b4-l41","source":"πὰρ δʼ ἔβαλον ζειάς, ἀνὰ δὲ κρῖ λευκὸν ἔμιξαν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.604","id":"b4-l604","source":"πυροί τε ζειαί τε ἰδʼ εὐρυφυὲς κρῖ λευκόν."}]},{"lemma":"ζεύγνυμι","count":10,"glosses":["yoked","yoke","they yoked","having yoked","were yoking","be yoked"],"forms":["ζεύγνυντ","ζεύξαθ","ἔζευξαν","ζεῦξάν","ζεύξασ","ζεῦξεν","ζεῦξον","ζεύγνυσθ"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present medio-passive infinitive"],"note":"Middle voice ζεύγνυντ᾽ suggests yoking for their own use/departure.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.476","id":"b3-l476","source":"ζεύξαθʼ ὑφʼ ἅρματʼ ἄγοντες, ἵνα πρήσσῃσιν ὁδοῖο."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.478","id":"b3-l478","source":"καρπαλίμως δʼ ἔζευξαν ὑφʼ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.492","id":"b3-l492","source":"ἵππους τε ζεύγνυντʼ ἀνά θʼ ἅρματα ποικίλʼ ἔβαινον·"}]},{"lemma":"Ζεύς","count":220,"glosses":["Zeus","of Zeus","to Zeus","with Zeus"],"forms":["Ζεὺς","Διὸς","Ζεῦ","Ζεύς","Διός","Διὶ","Ζηνὸς","Ζηνὶ","Δία","Ζηνός","Διί","Ζῆν","Ζῆνα"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun","dative singular masculine noun","vocative singular masculine noun","accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine proper noun"],"note":"Subject held back to enjambment at line-start — Odysseus names the god only after the emotional exclamation.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.10","id":"b1-l10","source":"τῶν ἁμόθεν γε, θεά, θύγατερ Διός, εἰπὲ καὶ ἡμῖν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.27","id":"b1-l27","source":"Ζηνὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν Ὀλυμπίου ἁθρόοι ἦσαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.62","id":"b1-l62","source":"Τροίῃ ἐν εὐρείῃ; τί νύ οἱ τόσον ὠδύσαο, Ζεῦ;"}]},{"lemma":"ζεύς","count":2,"glosses":["Zeus","of Zeus"],"forms":["Ζεὺς","Διὸς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.288","id":"b3-l288","source":"ἷξε θέων, τότε δὴ στυγερὴν ὁδὸν εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.137","id":"b5-l137","source":"ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ οὔ πως ἔστι Διὸς νόον αἰγιόχοιο"}]},{"lemma":"Ζεφυρίη","count":1,"glosses":["West Wind"],"forms":["Ζεφυρίη"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"Ζεφυρίη, the personified West Wind, subject of both φύει and πέσσει — nature as active agent.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/7#7.119","id":"b7-l119","source":"Ζεφυρίη πνείουσα τὰ μὲν φύει, ἄλλα δὲ πέσσει."}]},{"lemma":"Ζῆθος","count":2,"glosses":["Zethus","of Zethus"],"forms":["Ζῆθόν","Ζήθοιο"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.262","id":"b11-l262","source":"καί ῥʼ ἔτεκεν δύο παῖδʼ, Ἀμφίονά τε Ζῆθόν τε,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/19#19.523","id":"b19-l523","source":"κτεῖνε διʼ ἀφραδίας, κοῦρον Ζήθοιο ἄνακτος,"}]},{"lemma":"ζηλήμων","count":1,"glosses":["jealous"],"forms":["ζηλήμονες"],"morphology":["nominative plural masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.118","id":"b5-l118","source":"σχέτλιοί ἐστε, θεοί, ζηλήμονες ἔξοχον ἄλλων,"}]},{"lemma":"ζόφος","count":8,"glosses":["darkness","gloom","the gloom","the dark/west"],"forms":["ζόφον","ζόφος"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun","nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.335","id":"b3-l335","source":"ἤδη γὰρ φάος οἴχεθʼ ὑπὸ ζόφον, οὐδὲ ἔοικεν·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.26","id":"b9-l26","source":"πρὸς ζόφον, αἱ δέ τʼ ἄνευθε πρὸς ἠῶ τʼ ἠέλιόν τε,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.190","id":"b10-l190","source":"ὦ φίλοι, οὐ γάρ τʼ ἴδμεν, ὅπῃ ζόφος οὐδʼ ὅπῃ ἠώς,"}]},{"lemma":"ζυγόν","count":5,"glosses":["the yoke","benches","the benches","yoke"],"forms":["ζυγὸν","ζυγοῦ","ζυγὰ","ζυγά"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun","accusative plural neuter noun","genitive singular neuter noun"],"note":"ζυγά = the rowers' cross-benches/thwarts, not 'yokes' in this nautical sense.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.486","id":"b3-l486","source":"οἱ δὲ πανημέριοι σεῖον ζυγὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχοντες."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.39","id":"b4-l39","source":"οἱ δʼ ἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑπὸ ζυγοῦ ἱδρώοντας,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/9#9.99","id":"b9-l99","source":"νηυσὶ δʼ ἐνὶ γλαφυρῇσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὰ δῆσα ἐρύσσας."}]},{"lemma":"ζυγός","count":1,"glosses":["yoke"],"forms":["ζυγὸν"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.383","id":"b3-l383","source":"ἀδμήτην, ἣν οὔ πω ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἀνήρ·"}]},{"lemma":"ζώνη","count":3,"glosses":["belt","a girdle","girdle"],"forms":["ζώνην"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":"'loosing the girdle' is a standard Homeric euphemism for taking a woman's virginity.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/5#5.231","id":"b5-l231","source":"λεπτὸν καὶ χαρίεν, περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετʼ ἰξυῖ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/10#10.544","id":"b10-l544","source":"λεπτὸν καὶ χαρίεν, περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετʼ ἰξυῖ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.245","id":"b11-l245","source":"λῦσε δὲ παρθενίην ζώνην, κατὰ δʼ ὕπνον ἔχευεν."}]},{"lemma":"ζώννυμι","count":4,"glosses":["gird yourself","girded himself","girding","gird themselves"],"forms":["ζῶσαι","ζώσατο","ζώσαντες","ζώννυνταί"],"morphology":["aorist imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"Middle-sense aorist imperative: 'belt yourself for the fight,' not 'girdle someone else.'","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.30","id":"b18-l30","source":"ζῶσαι νῦν, ἵνα πάντες ἐπιγνώωσι καὶ οἵδε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.67","id":"b18-l67","source":"ζώσατο μὲν ῥάκεσιν περὶ μήδεα, φαῖνε δὲ μηροὺς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/18#18.76","id":"b18-l76","source":"ἀλλὰ καὶ ὣς δρηστῆρες ἄγον ζώσαντες ἀνάγκῃ"}]},{"lemma":"ζώω","count":33,"glosses":["to live","living","he lives","lives","they live","of the living","am alive","you live","men live","lived"],"forms":["ζώει","ζώειν","ζώοντες","ζωόντων","ζώοντος","ζώουσι","ζώω","ζωέμεναι","ζώουσ","ζώουσιν","ζώεις","ζώοντός","ζώοντας","ἔζωον","ζωέμεν"],"morphology":["present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active infinitive","present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, nominative plural masculine","present active participle, genitive singular masculine","present active participle, genitive plural masculine","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active participle, accusative plural masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":"ῥεῖα ζώοντες, 'living at ease,' a formulaic Homeric description of the gods' untroubled life.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/2#2.132","id":"b2-l132","source":"ζώει ὅ γʼ ἦ τέθνηκε· κακὸν δέ με πόλλʼ ἀποτίνειν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.354","id":"b3-l354","source":"ζώω, ἔπειτα δὲ παῖδες ἐνὶ μεγάροισι λίπωνται,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.110","id":"b4-l110","source":"ζώει ὅ γʼ ἦ τέθνηκεν. ὀδύρονταί νύ που αὐτὸν"}]},{"lemma":"ζῶμα","count":1,"glosses":["war-belt"],"forms":["ζῶμα"],"morphology":["accusative singular neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.482","id":"b14-l482","source":"ἀλλʼ ἑπόμην σάκος οἶον ἔχων καὶ ζῶμα φαεινόν."}]},{"lemma":"ζῶστρον","count":1,"glosses":["sashes, girdles"],"forms":["ζῶστρά"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/6#6.38","id":"b6-l38","source":"ζῶστρά τε καὶ πέπλους καὶ ῥήγεα σιγαλόεντα."}]},{"lemma":"ζωάγρια","count":1,"glosses":["life-price"],"forms":["ζωάγρι"],"morphology":["accusative plural neuter noun"],"note":"ζωάγρια, 'ransom/reward for a life saved' — a rare compound noun tied to this specific rescue scene.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/8#8.462","id":"b8-l462","source":"μνήσῃ ἐμεῦ, ὅτι μοι πρώτῃ ζωάγριʼ ὀφέλλεις."}]},{"lemma":"ζωή","count":4,"glosses":["alive","living","livelihood","livelihood, wealth"],"forms":["ζωὴν","ζωή"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun","nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":"ζωήν used adverbially, 'alive', with κατέλειπον — accusative of state, not a direct object noun.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/11#11.86","id":"b11-l86","source":"τὴν ζωὴν κατέλειπον ἰὼν εἰς Ἴλιον ἱρήν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.96","id":"b14-l96","source":"ἦ γάρ οἱ ζωή γʼ ἦν ἄσπετος· οὔ τινι τόσση"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.208","id":"b14-l208","source":"εἰς Ἀΐδαο δόμους· τοὶ δὲ ζωὴν ἐδάσαντο"}]},{"lemma":"ζωός","count":24,"glosses":["alive","among the living","for the living","while alive","living"],"forms":["ζωὸς","ζωόν","ζωοῦ","ζωοῖσι","ζωούς","ζωοῖσιν","ζωοὺς","ζωὸν","ζωῷ"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine adjective","dative plural masculine adjective","accusative plural masculine adjective","genitive singular masculine adjective","dative singular masculine adjective"],"note":"ζωός 'living', contrasted poignantly with his current status as a ghost.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/1#1.197","id":"b1-l197","source":"ἀλλʼ ἔτι που ζωὸς κατερύκεται εὐρέι πόντῳ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/3#3.256","id":"b3-l256","source":"εἰ ζωόν γʼ Αἴγισθον ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτετμεν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/4#4.498","id":"b4-l498","source":"εἷς δʼ ἔτι που ζωὸς κατερύκεται εὐρέι πόντῳ."}]},{"lemma":"ζωστήρ","count":1,"glosses":["with a belt"],"forms":["ζωστῆρι"],"morphology":["dative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14#14.72","id":"b14-l72","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν ζωστῆρι θοῶς συνέεργε χιτῶνα,"}]}]}