{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"bildnis","title":{"source":"Bildnis","translated":"Portrait"},"section":"New Poems: The Other Part","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/bildnis","lines":23},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/die-parke-i-vii","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/venezianischer-morgen","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"bildnis-s1-l1","source":"Daß von dem verzichtenden Gesichte","translation":"So that from the renouncing face","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Daß … keiner ihrer großen Schmerzen fiele","title":"daß clause sends its verb last","body":"daß means 'so that, in order that', and the subordinate verb it introduces goes to the clause's end. Its subject, keiner ihrer großen Schmerzen, and verb, fiele, land only in the next line. verzichtenden is the present participle of verzichten, 'to renounce'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on fiele","gloss":"So that"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gesichte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"verzichtenden","lemma":"verzichtend","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gesichte","gloss":"renouncing"},{"surface":"Gesichte","lemma":"Gesicht","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"face","note":"Gesichte is an older/poetic dative form of Gesicht ('face'); modern German simply uses Gesicht."}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"bildnis-s1-l2","source":"keiner ihrer großen Schmerzen fiele,","translation":"not one of her great sorrows might fall,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fiele","title":"Subjunctive for a wished-for outcome","body":"fiele is the past subjunctive of fallen, 'to fall', used inside the daß clause for a purpose that has not happened: 'so that none might fall'. keiner ... Schmerzen is a genitive partitive, 'not one of her sorrows', with keiner taking the genitive Schmerzen."}],"words":[{"surface":"keiner","lemma":"keiner","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on fiele","gloss":"not one"},{"surface":"ihrer","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Schmerzen","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"großen","lemma":"groß","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Schmerzen","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Schmerzen","lemma":"Schmerz","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on keiner","gloss":"sorrows"},{"surface":"fiele","lemma":"fallen","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"might fall"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"bildnis-s1-l3","source":"trägt sie langsam durch die Trauerspiele","translation":"she carries slowly through the tragedies","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"trägt sie","title":"Verb-second after a fronted clause","body":"trägt sie, 'she carries', is the main clause. Because the long daß clause filled the sentence's first slot, German still needs the finite verb trägt in second position, ahead of its subject sie. Its object arrives only in the next line."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Trauerspiele","title":"A compound word for tragedy","body":"Trauerspiel, literally 'mourning play', is the German word for tragedy: Trauer, 'grief, mourning', plus Spiel, 'play'. The plural Trauerspiele names the roles she performs, the object of durch, 'through', in trägt sie ... durch die Trauerspiele."}],"words":[{"surface":"trägt","lemma":"tragen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on trägt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"langsam","lemma":"langsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on trägt","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on trägt","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, plural","role":"depends on Trauerspiele","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Trauerspiele","lemma":"Trauerspiel","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"tragedies"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"bildnis-s1-l4","source":"ihrer Züge schönen welken Strauß,","translation":"the lovely withered bouquet of her features,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ihrer Züge schönen welken Strauß","title":"Genitive placed before its noun","body":"The object of trägt is schönen welken Strauß, 'lovely withered bouquet', with the genitive ihrer Züge, 'of her features', set before it in an older poetic order. Züge is the plural of Zug, here 'facial features'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ihrer","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Züge","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Züge","lemma":"Zug","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Strauß","gloss":"features"},{"surface":"schönen","lemma":"schön","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Strauß","gloss":"lovely"},{"surface":"welken","lemma":"welk","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Strauß","gloss":"withered"},{"surface":"Strauß","lemma":"Strauß","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on trägt","gloss":"bouquet"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"bildnis-s1-l5","source":"wild gebunden und schon beinah lose;","translation":"wildly bound and already nearly loose;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gebunden","title":"Past participle for tying a bouquet","body":"gebunden is the past participle of binden, 'to bind, tie', the verb used for tying a bouquet. wild gebunden means 'wildly bound'; schon beinah lose means 'already nearly loose'. lose means 'loose, slack', distinct from los, 'rid of'."}],"words":[{"surface":"wild","lemma":"wild","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gebunden","gloss":"wildly"},{"surface":"gebunden","lemma":"binden","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Strauß","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on gebunden","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"schon","lemma":"schon","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on beinah","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"beinah","lemma":"beinah","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lose","gloss":"nearly"},{"surface":"lose","lemma":"lose","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Strauß","gloss":"loose"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"bildnis-s1-l6","source":"manchmal fällt, wie eine Tuberose,","translation":"sometimes, like a tuberose, there falls","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"manchmal fällt … ein verlornes Lächeln","title":"Adverb-first inversion, subject delayed","body":"manchmal, 'sometimes', takes the front position, so the verb fällt, 'falls', comes next and its subject, ein verlornes Lächeln, 'a lost smile', is held back to the next line, the same inversion seen earlier with trägt sie."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tuberose","title":"A borrowed flower name","body":"Tuberose names the tuberose, Polianthes tuberosa, a white, strongly scented flower that opens at night. wie eine Tuberose means 'like a tuberose', the simile attached to the falling smile named in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"manchmal","lemma":"manchmal","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"fällt","lemma":"fallen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"falls"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Tuberose","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Tuberose","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tuberose","lemma":"Tuberose","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"tuberose"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"bildnis-s1-l7","source":"ein verlornes Lächeln müd heraus.","translation":"a lost smile, wearily, out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s1-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fällt … heraus","title":"Separable prefix comes last","body":"The verb is herausfallen, 'to fall out', split apart: fällt stood in the line before and its prefix heraus, 'out', lands at the end of this line, as separable-prefix verbs require. verlornes is a poetic contraction of verlorenes, 'lost', and müd of müde, 'weary'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"verlornes","lemma":"verloren","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"lost","note":"verlornes is a poetic apocope of verlorenes ('lost'), dropping the unstressed e for meter."},{"surface":"Lächeln","lemma":"Lächeln","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"smile"},{"surface":"müd","lemma":"müd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"wearily"},{"surface":"heraus","lemma":"heraus","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"out"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"bildnis-s2-l1","source":"Und sie geht gelassen drüber hin,","translation":"And she goes calmly on over it,","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"geht … drüber hin","title":"Contraction plus separable prefix","body":"drüber is a colloquial contraction of darüber, 'over it'; hin is the separable prefix of hingehen, 'to go along, pass on'. geht ... drüber hin together mean 'passes on over it'. gelassen means 'composed, unruffled', the participle of lassen used as an adverb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"geht","lemma":"gehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"gelassen","lemma":"gelassen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"calmly"},{"surface":"drüber","lemma":"drüber","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"over it"},{"surface":"hin","lemma":"hin","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"on"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"bildnis-s2-l2","source":"müde, mit den schönen blinden Händen,","translation":"weary, with the lovely blind hands,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"müde","lemma":"müde","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on sie","gloss":"weary"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on müde","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Händen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"schönen","lemma":"schön","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Händen","gloss":"lovely"},{"surface":"blinden","lemma":"blind","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Händen","gloss":"blind"},{"surface":"Händen","lemma":"Hand","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"hands"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"bildnis-s2-l3","source":"welche wissen, daß sie es nicht fänden,","translation":"which know that they would not find it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"daß sie es nicht fänden","title":"Subjunctive marks a search never tried","body":"welche, 'which', opens a relative clause about the hands, and fänden inside it is the past subjunctive of finden, 'to find'. wissen, daß sie es nicht fänden means 'know that they would not find it'. es points back to the fallen smile."}],"words":[{"surface":"welche","lemma":"welcher","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on wissen","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"wissen","lemma":"wissen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on fänden","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on fänden","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on fänden","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on fänden","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fänden","lemma":"finden","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"depends on wissen","gloss":"would find"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"bildnis-s3-l1","source":"und sie sagt Erdichtetes, darin","translation":"and she speaks invented things, in which","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Erdichtetes","title":"A noun made from a participle","body":"Erdichtetes is a neuter nominalized adjective from erdichten, 'to invent, fabricate', built on dichten, 'to compose poetry'. It means 'invented matter, fictions'. darin, 'therein, in which', is a pronominal adverb pointing forward to the clause that follows."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on sagt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on sagt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sagen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"Erdichtetes","lemma":"Erdichtetes","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on sagt","gloss":"invented things"},{"surface":"darin","lemma":"darin","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on schwankt","gloss":"in which"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"bildnis-s3-l2","source":"Schicksal schwankt, gewolltes, irgendeines,","translation":"fate sways, a willed one, some one or other,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gewolltes","title":"Neuter forms agreeing with Schicksal","body":"Schicksal, 'fate, destiny', is the subject; schwankt, from schwanken, 'to sway, waver', is its verb. gewolltes, 'willed, deliberately devised', and irgendeines, 'some one or other', are both neuter forms agreeing with Schicksal, not separate nouns."}],"words":[{"surface":"Schicksal","lemma":"Schicksal","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on schwankt","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"schwankt","lemma":"schwanken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sways"},{"surface":"gewolltes","lemma":"gewollt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Schicksal","gloss":"a willed one"},{"surface":"irgendeines","lemma":"irgendeiner","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on gewolltes","gloss":"some one or other"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"bildnis-s3-l3","source":"und sie gibt ihm ihrer Seele Sinn,","translation":"and she gives it her soul's meaning,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ihm ihrer Seele Sinn","title":"Dative object plus a preposed genitive","body":"gibt, 'gives', takes the dative ihm, 'to it', and the accusative object ihrer Seele Sinn. That object carries a genitive placed before its noun: ihrer Seele Sinn means 'the meaning of her soul', from der Sinn ihrer Seele."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"gibt","lemma":"geben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"ihm","lemma":"ihm","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ihrer","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Seele","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Seele","lemma":"Seele","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Sinn","gloss":"soul's"},{"surface":"Sinn","lemma":"Sinn","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"meaning"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"bildnis-s3-l4","source":"daß es ausbricht wie ein Ungemeines:","translation":"so that it breaks out like something uncommon:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"daß es ausbricht","title":"daß clause of result","body":"Another daß clause, this one of result: 'so that it breaks out'. ausbrechen, 'to break out, erupt', keeps its separable parts together at the clause's end, ausbricht, as subordinate word order requires. ein Ungemeines is a neuter noun from ungemein, 'uncommon, extraordinary'."}],"words":[{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on ausbricht","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on ausbricht","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ausbricht","lemma":"ausbrechen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"breaks out"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Ungemeines","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ungemeines","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Ungemeines","lemma":"Ungemeines","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"uncommon thing"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"bildnis-s3-l5","source":"wie das Schreien eines Steines–","translation":"like the crying-out of a stone—","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s3-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Schreien eines Steines","title":"Infinitive as a noun, plus genitive","body":"das Schreien is the nominalized infinitive of schreien, 'to scream, cry out', used as a neuter noun. eines Steines, 'of a stone', is genitive, giving the phrase 'the crying-out of a stone'. The dash at the line's end leaves the image open."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Schreien","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Schreien","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Schreien","lemma":"schreien","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"crying-out"},{"surface":"eines","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Steines–","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Steines–","lemma":"Stein","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Schreien","gloss":"stone"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"bildnis-s4-l1","source":"und sie läßt mit hochgehobnem Kinn","translation":"and with chin raised high she lets","stanza":4,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"läßt … wieder fallen","title":"lassen plus fallen, split apart","body":"läßt, from lassen, 'to let, allow', begins the construction fallen lassen, 'to let fall, drop', but its infinitive fallen is delayed to the next line. mit hochgehobnem Kinn means 'with chin raised high', hochgehobnem a contracted dative of hochgehoben, 'raised high'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on läßt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on läßt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"läßt","lemma":"lassen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lets"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on läßt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hochgehobnem","lemma":"hochgehoben","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Kinn","gloss":"raised high","note":"hochgehobnem is a poetic apocope of hochgehobenem, dropping the unstressed e for meter."},{"surface":"Kinn","lemma":"Kinn","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"chin"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"bildnis-s4-l2","source":"alle diese Worte wieder fallen,","translation":"all these words fall again,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alle","lemma":"aller","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Worte","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"diese","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Worte","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Worte","lemma":"Wort","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on fallen","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"wieder","lemma":"wieder","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fallen","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"fallen","lemma":"fallen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fall"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"bildnis-s4-l3","source":"ohne bleibend; denn nicht eins von allen","translation":"without remaining; for not one of them all","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ohne bleibend","title":"Compressed syntax for ohne zu","body":"ohne bleibend is compressed poetic syntax standing in for ohne zu bleiben, 'without remaining'; bleibend is the present participle of bleiben, 'to remain, stay'. denn, 'for, because', introduces the reason that follows: nicht eins von allen, 'not one of them all'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ohne","lemma":"ohne","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"bleibend","lemma":"bleibend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ohne","gloss":"remaining"},{"surface":"denn","lemma":"denn","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on eins","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"eins","lemma":"einer","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on eins","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"allen","lemma":"aller","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"them all"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"bildnis-s4-l4","source":"ist der wehen Wirklichkeit gemäß,","translation":"is equal to the aching reality,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"der wehen Wirklichkeit gemäß","title":"gemäß follows its noun","body":"gemäß means 'in accordance with, adequate to, equal to', governs the dative, and usually follows its noun: der wehen Wirklichkeit gemäß means 'adequate to the aching reality'. wehen is the dative of weh, 'sore, aching'; Wirklichkeit is built on wirklich, 'real'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Wirklichkeit","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"wehen","lemma":"weh","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Wirklichkeit","gloss":"aching"},{"surface":"Wirklichkeit","lemma":"Wirklichkeit","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on gemäß","gloss":"reality"},{"surface":"gemäß","lemma":"gemäß","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"equal to"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"bildnis-s4-l5","source":"ihrem einzigen Eigentum,","translation":"her one and only possession,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Eigentum","title":"Possession, built on eigen","body":"Eigentum means 'property, possession, what belongs to one', from eigen, 'own'. The dative ihrem einzigen Eigentum, 'her one and only possession', stands in apposition to der wehen Wirklichkeit in the line above."}],"words":[{"surface":"ihrem","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Eigentum","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"einzigen","lemma":"einzig","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Eigentum","gloss":"one and only"},{"surface":"Eigentum","lemma":"Eigentum","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on gemäß","gloss":"possession"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"bildnis-s4-l6","source":"das sie wie ein fußloses Gefäß","translation":"which she, like a footless vessel,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ein fußloses Gefäß","title":"Vessel without a base","body":"Gefäß means 'vessel, container'; fußlos, 'footless', combines Fuß, 'foot, base', with -los, 'without'. das is the neuter relative pronoun, 'which', referring to Eigentum, and sie is its subject, both governed by the verb that closes in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on halten","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on halten","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Gefäß","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gefäß","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fußloses","lemma":"fußlos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gefäß","gloss":"footless"},{"surface":"Gefäß","lemma":"Gefäß","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"vessel"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"bildnis-s4-l7","source":"halten muß, hoch über ihren Ruhm","translation":"must hold, high above her fame","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"das sie … halten muß","title":"Modal verb closes the clause","body":"The relative clause opened two lines earlier closes its verbs here: halten muß, 'must hold'. In a subordinate clause the modal muß, from müssen, goes last, after the infinitive halten. hoch über ihren Ruhm takes the accusative after über."}],"words":[{"surface":"halten","lemma":"halten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on muß","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"muß","lemma":"müssen","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"hoch","lemma":"hoch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on halten","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"über","lemma":"über","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hoch","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"ihren","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Ruhm","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Ruhm","lemma":"Ruhm","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on über","gloss":"fame"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"bildnis-s4-l8","source":"und den Gang der Abende hinaus.","translation":"and out beyond the passing of the evenings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/bildnis-s4-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"über … hinaus","title":"Separable prefix as the final word","body":"The phrase hoch über ihren Ruhm und den Gang der Abende hinaus splits über ... hinaus, 'out beyond', with hinaus landing as the poem's last word. Gang means 'a going, a course', from gehen, 'to go'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Ruhm","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Gang","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"passing"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Abende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Abende","lemma":"Abend","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Gang","gloss":"evenings"},{"surface":"hinaus","lemma":"hinaus","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on über","gloss":"beyond"}]}]}