{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"das-roseninnere","title":{"source":"Das Roseninnere","translated":"The Rose's Interior"},"section":"New Poems: The Other Part","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/das-roseninnere","lines":18},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/die-liebende","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/damen-bildnis-aus-den-achtziger-jahren","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l1","source":"Wo ist zu diesem Innen","translation":"Where is, for this within,","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Innen","title":"Adverb turned into a noun","body":"innen is normally the adverb 'inside'. Here it is nominalized, das Innen, 'the within, the interior', paired in the next line with the coined opposite ein Aussen, 'an outside'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Wo","lemma":"wo","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"Where"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"diesem","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Innen","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Innen","lemma":"Innen","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"within"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l2","source":"ein Außen? Auf welches Weh","translation":"an outside? On what hurt","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ein Außen","title":"Sentence spans two lines","body":"ein Aussen nominalizes the adverb aussen, 'outside', just as das Innen nominalized innen in line 1; both are neuter. The sentence Wo ist zu diesem Innen ein Aussen? runs across the break: 'where, to this within, is an outside'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Außen","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Außen","lemma":"außen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"Auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on legt","gloss":"On"},{"surface":"welches","lemma":"welcher","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Weh","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Weh","lemma":"Weh","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Auf","gloss":"hurt"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l3","source":"legt man solches Linnen?","translation":"does one lay such linen?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"man","title":"Impersonal subject man","body":"man is the impersonal subject 'one, you, they', taking a singular verb: man legt, 'one lays'. It keeps the agent of the action vague, as in Auf welches Weh legt man solches Linnen, 'on what wound does one lay such linen'."}],"words":[{"surface":"legt","lemma":"legen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on legt","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"solches","lemma":"solcher","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Linnen","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Linnen","lemma":"Linnen","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on legt","gloss":"linen"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l4","source":"Welche Himmel spiegeln sich drinnen","translation":"What skies are mirrored within","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"spiegeln sich","title":"Reflexive verb for reflection","body":"sich spiegeln means 'to be reflected, mirrored'. The reflexive pronoun sich turns the active spiegeln, 'to mirror', inward: Welche Himmel spiegeln sich drinnen is 'what skies are reflected within'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Welche","lemma":"welcher","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Himmel","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"Himmel","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on spiegeln","gloss":"skies"},{"surface":"spiegeln","lemma":"spiegeln","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"mirror"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on spiegeln","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"drinnen","lemma":"drinnen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on spiegeln","gloss":"within"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l5","source":"in dem Binnensee","translation":"in the inland lake","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Binnensee","title":"Compound noun for inland water","body":"ein Binnensee is an 'inland lake', a body of water enclosed by land; binnen- means 'inner, landlocked'. The word echoes Innen in line 1 and drinnen in line 4."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on spiegeln","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Binnensee","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Binnensee","lemma":"Binnensee","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"inland lake"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l6","source":"dieser offenen Rosen,","translation":"of these open roses,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dieser offenen Rosen","title":"Genitive plural ending","body":"dieser offenen Rosen is genitive plural, 'of these open roses', depending on Binnensee in the line above. In the genitive plural the determiner is dieser and the adjective takes the weak ending -en."}],"words":[{"surface":"dieser","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"offenen","lemma":"offen","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"Rosen","lemma":"Rose","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Binnensee","gloss":"roses"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l7","source":"dieser sorglosen, sieh:","translation":"these carefree ones, look:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sieh","title":"Imperative form of sehen","body":"sieh is the singular familiar imperative of sehen, 'look, see'; the usual -e ending is dropped, as is normal for this verb. sorglosen, 'carefree', continues the genitive begun in the line before."}],"words":[{"surface":"dieser","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"sorglosen","lemma":"sorglos","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on dieser","gloss":"carefree"},{"surface":"sieh","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l8","source":"wie sie lose im Losen","translation":"how loosely, in the loose,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lose im Losen","title":"Adverb and its nominalized form","body":"lose is the adverb 'loosely, slackly'; das Lose nominalizes the same adjective into 'the loose, what is loose'. lose im Losen liegen is 'to lie loosely in the loose'."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"lose","lemma":"lose","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"loosely"},{"surface":"im","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Losen","lemma":"Lose","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on im","gloss":"loose","note":"Wordplay: 'lose' (loosely, adverb) vs. the nominalized 'das Lose' (the loose/undone) here — same root, different form."}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l9","source":"liegen, als könnte nie","translation":"they lie, as if never could","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"als könnte","title":"Subjunctive after als","body":"als, 'as though', introducing an unreal comparison, takes Konjunktiv II with the verb placed right after als rather than at the clause's end: als könnte nie ..., 'as though never could ...'. könnte is the past subjunctive of können."}],"words":[{"surface":"liegen","lemma":"liegen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on könnte","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"könnte","lemma":"können","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"nie","lemma":"nie","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on könnte","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l10","source":"eine zitternde Hand sie verschütten.","translation":"a trembling hand could spill them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"verschütten","title":"Verb for spilling liquid","body":"verschütten means 'to spill, slop over', normally said of a liquid. It treats the open roses as brimful vessels, so full that only a shaking hand, eine zitternde Hand, might tip them over."}],"words":[{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Hand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"zitternde","lemma":"zitternd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Hand","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"Hand","lemma":"Hand","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on verschütten","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on verschütten","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"verschütten","lemma":"verschütten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on könnte","gloss":"spill"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l11","source":"Sie können sich selber kaum","translation":"They can scarcely hold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on können","gloss":"They"},{"surface":"können","lemma":"können","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on können","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"selber","lemma":"selber","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on können","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"kaum","lemma":"kaum","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on können","gloss":"scarcely"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l12","source":"halten; viele ließen","translation":"themselves; many let","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ließen","title":"lassen plus reflexive for passive sense","body":"liessen is the past of lassen, 'to let'. With a reflexive pronoun it forms a passive-like construction: viele liessen sich überfüllen, 'many let themselves be overfilled'. sich plus lassen plus infinitive is the standard way to say 'to let oneself be done to'."}],"words":[{"surface":"halten","lemma":"halten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on können","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"viele","lemma":"viele","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on ließen","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"ließen","lemma":"lassen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l13","source":"sich überfüllen und fließen","translation":"themselves be overfilled, and flow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l13.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"überfüllen","title":"Verb for filling past the brim","body":"überfüllen means 'to overfill, fill past the brim'. The prefix über-, 'over', is inseparable here. It links to fliessen über in the next line, so the roses are filled too full and flow over."}],"words":[{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on überfüllen","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"überfüllen","lemma":"überfüllen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ließen","gloss":"be overfilled"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on überfüllen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fließen","lemma":"überfließen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ließen","gloss":"flow"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l14","source":"über von Innenraum","translation":"over with inner space","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l14.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fließen ... über","title":"Separable verb split across a line","body":"fliessen in the line above and über at the head of this line belong to the one separable verb überfließen, 'to overflow'. von Innenraum, 'with inner space', names what the roses overflow with; von marks the content."}],"words":[{"surface":"über","lemma":"überfließen","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on fließen","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on über","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Innenraum","lemma":"Innenraum","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"inner space"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l15","source":"in die Tage, die immer","translation":"into the days, which ever","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l15.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"die Tage, die","title":"Relative clause spans two lines","body":"The second die is a relative pronoun, accusative plural, referring back to die Tage, 'the days', and opens a clause that runs to sich schliessen in the next line. In the relative clause the finite verb is held to the end."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on über","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Tage","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Tage","lemma":"Tag","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on schließen","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on voller","gloss":"ever"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l16","source":"voller und voller sich schließen,","translation":"fuller and fuller close,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l16.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"voller und voller","title":"Doubled comparative for intensity","body":"voller is the comparative of voll, 'full', and the doubling voller und voller means 'fuller and fuller'. sich schliessen, 'to close themselves, draw shut', is the finite verb ending the relative clause opened before."}],"words":[{"surface":"voller","lemma":"voll","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on schließen","gloss":"fuller"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on voller","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"voller","lemma":"voll","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on und","gloss":"fuller"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on schließen","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"schließen","lemma":"schließen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"close"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l17","source":"bis der ganze Sommer ein Zimmer","translation":"until the whole summer becomes a room,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"bis","title":"Subordinate clause with bis","body":"bis, 'until', opens a subordinate clause whose verb, wird, is held until the start of the next line. der ganze Sommer, 'the whole summer', is the nominative subject; ein Zimmer, 'a room', is the predicate noun."}],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on wird","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Sommer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ganze","lemma":"ganz","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Sommer","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"Sommer","lemma":"Sommer","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on wird","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Zimmer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Zimmer","lemma":"Zimmer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wird","gloss":"room"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"das-roseninnere-s1-l18","source":"wird, ein Zimmer in einem Traum.","translation":"a room within a dream.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/das-roseninnere-s1-l18.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wird","title":"Verb held to clause end","body":"wird, from werden, 'to become', is the finite verb of the bis-clause begun in the line before; German word order holds it back so it lands only here. in einem Traum takes the dative after in."}],"words":[{"surface":"wird","lemma":"werden","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Zimmer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Zimmer","lemma":"Zimmer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wird","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Zimmer","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Traum","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Traum","lemma":"Traum","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"dream"}]}]}