{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"die-parke-i-vii","title":{"source":"Die Parke I-VII","translated":"The Parks I-VII"},"section":"New Poems: The Other Part","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/die-parke-i-vii","lines":121},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/papageienpark","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/bildnis","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s1-l1","source":"Unaufhaltsam heben sich die Parke","translation":"Unstoppably the parks rise up","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"unaufhaltsam","title":"Adverb built with -sam","body":"unaufhaltsam comes from aufhalten, 'to hold back', plus un- and the suffix -sam, giving 'unstoppable'. It is an adverb modifying heben, describing how the parks rise. Parke is a poetic plural of Park; the standard plural is Parks."}],"words":[{"surface":"Unaufhaltsam","lemma":"unaufhaltsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on heben","gloss":"Unstoppably"},{"surface":"heben","lemma":"heben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on heben","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Parke","lemma":"Park","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of heben","gloss":"parks"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s1-l2","source":"aus dem sanft zerfallenden Vergehn;","translation":"out of the softly crumbling decay;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Vergehn","title":"An infinitive turned noun","body":"vergehen means 'to pass away, fade'. Capitalized as Vergehn it becomes a noun meaning 'the passing away'. zerfallend, 'crumbling', modifies it, and aus dem ... Vergehn is dative after aus, 'out of'."}],"words":[{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on heben","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Vergehn","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sanft","lemma":"sanft","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zerfallenden","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"zerfallenden","lemma":"zerfallend","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Vergehn","gloss":"crumbling"},{"surface":"Vergehn","lemma":"Vergehen","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"decay"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s1-l3","source":"überhäuft mit Himmeln, überstarke","translation":"heaped over with skies, overstrong","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"überhäuft mit","title":"A participle governing mit","body":"überhäuft is the past participle of überhäufen, 'to heap over, overwhelm'. Whatever something is heaped with takes mit plus dative, so mit Himmeln means 'with skies'. überstarke, 'overstrong', begins the next line's adjective."}],"words":[{"surface":"überhäuft","lemma":"überhäufen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"heaped over"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on überhäuft","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Himmeln","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"skies"},{"surface":"überstarke","lemma":"überstark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on Überlieferte","gloss":"overstrong"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s1-l4","source":"Überlieferte, die überstehn,","translation":"handed-down things that outlast,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Überlieferte","title":"Participle used as a noun","body":"Überlieferte is the past participle of überliefern, 'to hand down', used here as a plural noun meaning 'things handed down'. überstehn, short for überstehen, means 'to survive, outlast'. The relative pronoun die refers back to Überlieferte."}],"words":[{"surface":"Überlieferte","lemma":"Überliefertes","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"handed-down things"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on überstehn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"überstehn","lemma":"überstehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"outlast"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s2-l1","source":"um sich auf den klaren Rasenplänen","translation":"to spread themselves out on the clear lawns","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"um ... auszubreiten","title":"Purpose clause with um zu","body":"um plus zu plus infinitive means 'in order to'. The clause opens here and finishes in the next line with auszubreiten und zurückzuziehn. Rasenplänen is the dative plural of Rasenplan, 'lawn', governed by the preposition auf."}],"words":[{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on auszubreiten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on auszubreiten","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on auszubreiten","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Rasenplänen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"klaren","lemma":"klar","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Rasenplänen","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"Rasenplänen","lemma":"Rasenplan","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"lawns"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s2-l2","source":"auszubreiten und zurückzuziehn,","translation":"and to draw themselves back in,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"auszubreiten / zurückzuziehn","title":"zu splits a separable verb","body":"Both verbs are separable and sit inside the um zu construction. ausbreiten, 'to spread out', becomes aus-zu-breiten, and zurückziehen, 'to draw back', becomes zurück-zu-ziehn, with zu wedged between prefix and stem. The reflexive sich applies to both."}],"words":[{"surface":"auszubreiten","lemma":"ausbreiten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to spread out"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on auszubreiten","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"zurückzuziehn","lemma":"zurückziehen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on und","gloss":"draw back"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s2-l3","source":"immer mit demselben souveränen","translation":"always with the same sovereign","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Aufwand","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"demselben","lemma":"derselbe","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on souveränen","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"souveränen","lemma":"souverän","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Aufwand","gloss":"sovereign"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s2-l4","source":"Aufwand, wie beschützt durch ihn,","translation":"lavishness, as if protected by it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s2-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Aufwand","title":"A noun for lavish display","body":"der Aufwand means 'expenditure, outlay, lavish display'. Here mit ... Aufwand, dative after mit, names the gardens' extravagant display. wie beschützt durch ihn means 'as though protected by it', with ihn referring back to the masculine noun Aufwand."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aufwand","lemma":"Aufwand","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"lavishness"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on beschützt","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"beschützt","lemma":"beschützen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"protected"},{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on beschützt","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"ihn","lemma":"ihn","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s3-l1","source":"und den unerschöpflichen Erlös","translation":"and still increasing the inexhaustible yield","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Erlös","title":"A noun plus an un- adjective","body":"der Erlös means 'proceeds, return, yield'. unerschöpflich means 'inexhaustible', built from un-, erschöpfen, 'to exhaust', and the suffix -lich. den ... Erlös is the accusative object of vermehrend in the next line, 'increasing the inexhaustible yield'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Erlös","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"unerschöpflichen","lemma":"unerschöpflich","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Erlös","gloss":"inexhaustible"},{"surface":"Erlös","lemma":"Erlös","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on vermehrend","gloss":"yield"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s3-l2","source":"königlicher Größe noch vermehrend,","translation":"of royal greatness yet further,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"königlicher Größe","title":"Genitive modifying the noun before it","body":"königlicher Größe is genitive, 'of royal greatness', modifying Erlös from the line before: 'the inexhaustible yield of royal greatness'. vermehrend is the present participle of vermehren, 'to increase', used adverbially. noch here means 'still, further'."}],"words":[{"surface":"königlicher","lemma":"königlich","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Größe","gloss":"royal"},{"surface":"Größe","lemma":"Größe","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Erlös","gloss":"greatness"},{"surface":"noch","lemma":"noch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vermehrend","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"vermehrend","lemma":"vermehren","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"increasing"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s3-l3","source":"aus sich steigend, in sich wiederkehrend:","translation":"rising out of themselves, returning into themselves:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"steigend / wiederkehrend","title":"Paired present participles","body":"Two present participles balance each other: aus sich steigend, 'rising out of itself', and in sich wiederkehrend, 'returning into itself'. wiederkehren means 'to return, recur'. Both modify Parke, the subject carried over from earlier in the sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on steigend","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"steigend","lemma":"steigen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wiederkehrend","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on in","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"wiederkehrend","lemma":"wiederkehren","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"returning"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s3-l4","source":"huldvoll, prunkend, purpurn und pompös.","translation":"gracious, resplendent, purple and pompous.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"huldvoll, prunkend, purpurn, pompös","title":"Four closing adjectives","body":"huldvoll, 'gracious, full of favour', comes from Huld, 'grace'. prunkend, 'showing off splendor', is the participle of prunken, from Prunk, 'pomp'. purpurn means 'purple' and pompös means 'pompous, grand'; all four modify Parke."}],"words":[{"surface":"huldvoll","lemma":"huldvoll","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Parke","gloss":"gracious"},{"surface":"prunkend","lemma":"prunken","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on huldvoll","gloss":"resplendent"},{"surface":"purpurn","lemma":"purpurn","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on prunkend","gloss":"purple"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on purpurn","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pompös","lemma":"pompös","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on und","gloss":"pompous"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s4-l1","source":"II","translation":"II","stanza":4,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s4-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"II","lemma":"II","morphology":"numeral","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"II"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s5-l1","source":"Leise von den Alleen","translation":"Softly by the avenues","stanza":5,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s5-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die Allee","title":"A tree-lined avenue","body":"die Allee names a tree-lined walk, the long straight paths typical of a formal garden. The plural Alleen is dative after von, 'by, from'. leise means 'softly'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Leise","lemma":"leise","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ergriffen","gloss":"Softly"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ergriffen","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Alleen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Alleen","lemma":"Allee","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"avenues"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s5-l2","source":"ergriffen, rechts und links,","translation":"taken hold of, right and left,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s5-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ergriffen","title":"Participle before its main verb","body":"ergriffen is the past participle of ergreifen, 'to seize, take hold of'. It describes the implied du, 'you', of trittst two lines later: walking softly seized by the avenues to right and left. The main verb trittst arrives only then."}],"words":[{"surface":"ergriffen","lemma":"ergreifen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"taken hold of"},{"surface":"rechts","lemma":"rechts","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ergriffen","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on rechts","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"links","lemma":"links","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on und","gloss":"left"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s5-l3","source":"folgend dem Weitergehen","translation":"following the onward going","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s5-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"folgend dem Weitergehen","title":"folgen takes the dative","body":"folgen, 'to follow', takes a dative object: folgend dem Weitergehen means 'following the going onward'. das Weitergehen is the nouned infinitive of weitergehen, 'to walk on', a separable verb. dem is the dative article."}],"words":[{"surface":"folgend","lemma":"folgen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"following"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Weitergehen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Weitergehen","lemma":"Weitergehen","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on folgend","gloss":"onward going"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s5-l4","source":"irgendeines Winks,","translation":"of some beckoning,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s5-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Wink","title":"Genitive noun plus an indefinite","body":"der Wink means 'a sign, beckon, hint', from winken, 'to wave, beckon'. irgendeines Winks is genitive, 'of some beckoning or other', depending on Weitergehen above. irgendein means 'some ... or other, any'."}],"words":[{"surface":"irgendeines","lemma":"irgendein","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Winks","gloss":"of some"},{"surface":"Winks","lemma":"Wink","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Weitergehen","gloss":"beckoning"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s6-l1","source":"trittst du mit einem Male","translation":"you step all at once","stanza":6,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s6-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mit einem Male","title":"A fixed idiom with mit","body":"mit einem Male means 'all at once, suddenly'. trittst du is the second-person singular of treten, 'to step, tread', and it is the main verb of the sentence begun in the previous stanza. du means 'you'."}],"words":[{"surface":"trittst","lemma":"treten","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"step"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Male","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Male","lemma":"Mal","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"time","note":"\"mit einem Male\" is an idiom meaning \"all at once, suddenly.\""}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s6-l2","source":"in das Beisammensein","translation":"into the being-together","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s6-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Beisammensein","title":"Another nouned infinitive","body":"das Beisammensein means 'togetherness, being together', from beisammen, 'together', plus sein, 'to be', another nouned infinitive. in das Beisammensein is accusative after in, marking motion into something."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Beisammensein","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Beisammensein","lemma":"Beisammensein","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"being-together"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s6-l3","source":"einer schattigen Wasserschale","translation":"of a shadowy water-basin","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s6-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"einer","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Wasserschale","gloss":"of a"},{"surface":"schattigen","lemma":"schattig","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Wasserschale","gloss":"shadowy"},{"surface":"Wasserschale","lemma":"Wasserschale","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Beisammensein","gloss":"water-basin"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s6-l4","source":"mit vier Bänken aus Stein;","translation":"with four benches of stone;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s6-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Wasserschale","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vier","lemma":"vier","morphology":"numeral","role":"depends on Bänken","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"Bänken","lemma":"Bank","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"benches"},{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Bänken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Stein","lemma":"Stein","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"stone"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s7-l1","source":"in eine abgetrennte","translation":"into a cut-off","stanza":7,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s7-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"abgetrennte","title":"Participle used as an adjective","body":"abgetrennt is the past participle of abtrennen, 'to separate off, detach', used attributively before Zeit in the next line: eine abgetrennte Zeit, 'a cut-off stretch of time'. The line break separates the adjective from its noun."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on trittst","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on abgetrennte","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"abgetrennte","lemma":"abgetrennt","morphology":"adjective, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Zeit","gloss":"cut-off"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s7-l2","source":"Zeit, die allein vergeht.","translation":"time, that passes alone.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s7-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Zeit","lemma":"Zeit","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on vergeht","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"allein","lemma":"allein","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vergeht","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"vergeht","lemma":"vergehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passes"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s7-l3","source":"Auf feuchte Postamente,","translation":"Onto damp pedestals,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s7-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Postament","title":"A pedestal for a statue","body":"das Postament means 'a pedestal, plinth, base' for a statue. The plural Postamente is accusative after auf, marking motion onto something. The next line explains: auf denen nichts mehr steht, 'on which nothing stands any more'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hebst","gloss":"Onto"},{"surface":"feuchte","lemma":"feucht","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Postamente","gloss":"damp"},{"surface":"Postamente","lemma":"Postament","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Auf","gloss":"pedestals"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s7-l4","source":"auf denen nichts mehr steht,","translation":"on which nothing stands any more,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s7-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"auf denen","title":"Relative pronoun after a preposition","body":"auf denen means 'on which'. The relative pronoun denen is dative plural, referring back to Postamente, with auf here marking location rather than motion. nichts mehr means 'nothing any more'."}],"words":[{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"denen","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nichts","lemma":"nichts","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"mehr","lemma":"mehr","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nichts","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"steht","lemma":"stehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s8-l1","source":"hebst du einen tiefen","translation":"you draw a deep","stanza":8,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s8-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hebst du","title":"Fronting inverts verb and subject","body":"hebst du means 'you raise, draw', from heben, 'to lift'. The sentence is fronted by the long phrase from the previous lines, so the verb comes before its subject du. The object einen tiefen ... Atemzug spans the line break."}],"words":[{"surface":"hebst","lemma":"heben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"draw"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hebst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"einen","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Atemzug","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiefen","lemma":"tief","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Atemzug","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s8-l2","source":"erwartenden Atemzug;","translation":"expectant breath;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s8-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Atemzug","title":"A compound noun for breath","body":"der Atemzug means 'a breath, an intake of breath', from Atem, 'breath', and Zug, 'pull, draught'. erwartend, 'expectant', is the present participle of erwarten, 'to expect, wait for', and modifies Atemzug."}],"words":[{"surface":"erwartenden","lemma":"erwartend","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Atemzug","gloss":"expectant"},{"surface":"Atemzug","lemma":"Atemzug","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on hebst","gloss":"breath"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s8-l3","source":"während das silberne Triefen","translation":"while the silvery trickling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s8-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"während","title":"Subordinating conjunction sends verb last","body":"während means 'while, as'. As a subordinating conjunction it sends its verb to the end of the clause, here zählt, which arrives two lines later. das Triefen is the nouned infinitive of triefen, 'to drip, trickle'."}],"words":[{"surface":"während","lemma":"während","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on Triefen","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Triefen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"silberne","lemma":"silbern","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Triefen","gloss":"silvery"},{"surface":"Triefen","lemma":"triefen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"trickling"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s8-l4","source":"vor dem dunkeln Bug","translation":"before the dark prow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s8-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Bug","title":"A ship's bow, borrowed","body":"der Bug means 'the bow, prow' of a ship, here used for the curved front edge of the stone basin. vor dem dunkeln Bug is dative after vor, 'before, in front of'. dunkeln is an older form of dunklen, 'dark'."}],"words":[{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Bug","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dunkeln","lemma":"dunkel","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Bug","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"Bug","lemma":"Bug","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"prow"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s9-l1","source":"dich schon zu den Seinen","translation":"already counts you among its own","stanza":9,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s9-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"zu den Seinen zählen","title":"A fixed phrase with zu","body":"die Seinen means 'his or its own people, one's own'. zu den Seinen zählen means 'to count among one's own'. zählen zu takes the dative, so das Triefen ... zählt dich zu den Seinen means 'counts you among its own'."}],"words":[{"surface":"dich","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"depends on zählt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"schon","lemma":"schon","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zählt","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on zählt","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, plural","role":"depends on Seinen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Seinen","lemma":"sein","morphology":"noun, dative, plural","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"its own"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s9-l2","source":"zählt und weiterspricht.","translation":"and goes on speaking.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s9-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"weiterspricht","title":"Prefix rejoins its stem","body":"weitersprechen means 'to go on speaking', from weiter-, 'on, further', and sprechen, 'to speak'. The separable prefix weiter- rejoins the stem here because the verb closes the während clause. zählt und weiterspricht is that clause's long-delayed predicate."}],"words":[{"surface":"zählt","lemma":"zählen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"counts"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on zählt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"weiterspricht","lemma":"weitersprechen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"goes on speaking"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s9-l3","source":"Und du fühlst dich unter Steinen,","translation":"And you feel yourself among stones","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s9-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"du fühlst dich","title":"Reflexive verb sich fühlen","body":"sich fühlen means 'to feel oneself, to feel a certain way'. du fühlst dich unter Steinen means 'you feel yourself among stones'. unter Steinen is dative after unter, 'among'. The relative clause die hören follows in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on fühlst","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fühlst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"fühlst","lemma":"fühlen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"dich","lemma":"dich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on fühlst","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"unter","lemma":"unter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on fühlst","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"Steinen","lemma":"Stein","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on unter","gloss":"stones"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s9-l4","source":"die hören, und rührst dich nicht.","translation":"that hear, and you do not stir.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s9-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sich rühren","title":"Reflexive verb sich rühren","body":"sich rühren means 'to stir, move, budge'. du ... rührst dich nicht means 'you do not move'. nicht negates the verb rührst. This closes the sentence begun with fühlst dich two lines earlier."}],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on hören","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hören","lemma":"hören","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hear"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on rührst","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rührst","lemma":"rühren","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"stir"},{"surface":"dich","lemma":"dich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on rührst","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on rührst","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s10-l1","source":"III","translation":"III","stanza":10,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s10-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"III","lemma":"III","morphology":"numeral","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"III"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s11-l1","source":"Den Teichen und den eingerahmten Weihern","translation":"From the ponds and the framed-in pools","stanza":11,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s11-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Den Teichen ... verheimlicht man","title":"Dative object of a verb","body":"verheimlichen, 'to keep secret, conceal', takes a dative for whoever is kept in the dark: den Teichen ... verheimlicht man das Verhör means 'from the ponds one conceals the interrogation'. der Weiher means 'a pond, pool'; eingerahmt means 'framed in'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, plural","role":"depends on Teichen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Teichen","lemma":"Teich","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on verheimlicht","gloss":"ponds"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Teichen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Weihern","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"eingerahmten","lemma":"eingerahmt","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Weihern","gloss":"framed-in"},{"surface":"Weihern","lemma":"Weiher","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"pools"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s11-l2","source":"verheimlicht man noch immer das Verhör","translation":"one still keeps hidden the questioning","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s11-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Verhör","title":"Noun from a verb, plus man","body":"das Verhör means 'interrogation, questioning, trial', from verhören, 'to interrogate'. The impersonal man means 'one, they', an unnamed someone. noch immer means 'still, even now'. das Verhör is the accusative object of verheimlicht."}],"words":[{"surface":"verheimlicht","lemma":"verheimlichen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"keeps hidden"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on verheimlicht","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"noch","lemma":"noch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on immer","gloss":"still","note":"\"noch immer\" is a set phrase meaning \"still, even now.\""},{"surface":"immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verheimlicht","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Verhör","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Verhör","lemma":"Verhör","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on verheimlicht","gloss":"questioning"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s11-l3","source":"der Könige. Sie warten unter Schleiern,","translation":"of the kings. They wait beneath veils,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s11-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"der Könige","title":"Genitive split across a line","body":"der Könige means 'of the kings', genitive plural, completing das Verhör der Könige, 'the kings' interrogation'. The genitive is split across the line break. Sie then refers to the pools and takes warten as its verb, 'they wait'."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, plural","role":"depends on Könige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Könige","lemma":"König","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Verhör","gloss":"kings"},{"surface":"Sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on warten","gloss":"They"},{"surface":"warten","lemma":"warten","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wait"},{"surface":"unter","lemma":"unter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on warten","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"Schleiern","lemma":"Schleier","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on unter","gloss":"veils"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s11-l4","source":"und jeden Augenblick kann Monseigneur","translation":"and at any moment Monseigneur may","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s11-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jeden","lemma":"jeder","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Augenblick","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Augenblick","lemma":"Augenblick","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"kann","lemma":"können","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"Monseigneur","lemma":"Monseigneur","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of kann","gloss":"Monseigneur","note":"French title of address for a prince, kept untranslated as it names a courtly figure at Versailles."}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s12-l1","source":"vorüberkommen; und dann wollen sie","translation":"come passing by; and then they wish","stanza":12,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s12-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vorüberkommen","title":"Separable verb standing whole","body":"vorüberkommen means 'to come past, pass by', from vorüber-, 'past', and kommen, 'to come'. It stands as a whole infinitive here, completing kann ... vorüberkommen from the line before. wollen sie means 'they want, wish to'."}],"words":[{"surface":"vorüberkommen","lemma":"vorüberkommen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"come passing by"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on wollen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dann","lemma":"dann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on wollen","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"wollen","lemma":"wollen","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of wollen","gloss":"they"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s12-l2","source":"des Königs Laune oder Trauer mildern","translation":"to soften the king's whim or sorrow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s12-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"des Königs Laune","title":"Genitive set before its noun","body":"des Königs Laune means 'the king's mood', a genitive placed before its noun rather than after, an older word order. die Laune means 'mood, whim'; die Trauer means 'mourning, sorrow'. mildern means 'to soften, soothe'."}],"words":[{"surface":"des","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Königs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Königs","lemma":"König","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Laune","gloss":"king's"},{"surface":"Laune","lemma":"Laune","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on mildern","gloss":"whim"},{"surface":"oder","lemma":"oder","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Laune","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"Trauer","lemma":"Trauer","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on oder","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"mildern","lemma":"mildern","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on wollen","gloss":"soften"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s12-l3","source":"und von den Marmorrändern wieder die","translation":"and from the marble rims again let down the","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s12-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Marmorrand","title":"Article separated from its noun","body":"der Marmorrand means 'marble edge, rim', from Marmor, 'marble', and Rand, 'edge'. von den Marmorrändern is dative plural after von, 'from'. The article die at the line's end belongs to Teppiche in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on wollen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinunterhängen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Marmorrändern","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Marmorrändern","lemma":"Marmorrand","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"marble rims"},{"surface":"wieder","lemma":"wieder","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hinunterhängen","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Teppiche","gloss":"the"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s12-l4","source":"Teppiche mit alten Spiegelbildern","translation":"carpets with old reflections","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s12-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Spiegelbild","title":"Two compound nouns for images","body":"der Teppich means 'carpet, tapestry'; das Spiegelbild means 'reflection, mirror image', from Spiegel, 'mirror', and Bild, 'picture'. Both nouns build the sentence's extended image of woven cloth carried across the line break from hinunterhängen."}],"words":[{"surface":"Teppiche","lemma":"Teppich","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on hinunterhängen","gloss":"carpets"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Teppiche","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"alten","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Spiegelbildern","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Spiegelbildern","lemma":"Spiegelbild","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"reflections"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s13-l1","source":"hinunterhängen, wie um einen Platz:","translation":"let hang down, as if around a square:","stanza":13,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s13-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hinunterhängen","title":"Separable infinitive closes a clause","body":"hinunterhängen means 'to hang down', from hinunter-, 'down', and hängen, 'to hang'. This separable infinitive completes the long clause begun with wollen sie several lines earlier. wie um einen Platz means 'as though around a public square'."}],"words":[{"surface":"hinunterhängen","lemma":"hinunterhängen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on wollen","gloss":"hang down"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on um","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinunterhängen","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"einen","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Platz","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Platz","lemma":"Platz","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on um","gloss":"square"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s13-l2","source":"auf grünem Grund, mit Silber, Rosa, Grau,","translation":"on a green ground, with silver, pink, gray,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s13-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"auf grünem Grund","title":"Ground as a design surface","body":"der Grund here means the 'ground' or background of a woven design, as in tapestry, not the soil. auf grünem Grund means 'on a green ground'. What follows lists colors: silver, pink, gray."}],"words":[{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Teppiche","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"grünem","lemma":"grün","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Grund","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"Grund","lemma":"Grund","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Grund","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Silber","lemma":"Silber","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"Rosa","lemma":"rosa","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"pink"},{"surface":"Grau","lemma":"grau","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"gray"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s13-l3","source":"gewährtem Weiß und leicht gerührtem Blau","translation":"a granted white and lightly stirred blue","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s13-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gewährtem Weiß","title":"Participles used as adjectives","body":"gewährt, from gewähren, 'to grant, allow', gives gewährtem Weiß, 'a granted white'. gerührt, from rühren, 'to stir', gives leicht gerührtem Blau, 'a lightly stirred blue'. Both are dative after mit from the previous line."}],"words":[{"surface":"gewährtem","lemma":"gewährt","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Weiß","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"Weiß","lemma":"Weiß","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Weiß","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"leicht","lemma":"leicht","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gerührtem","gloss":"lightly"},{"surface":"gerührtem","lemma":"gerührt","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Blau","gloss":"stirred"},{"surface":"Blau","lemma":"Blau","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"blue"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s13-l4","source":"und einem Könige und einer Frau","translation":"and a king and a woman","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s13-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Könige","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Könige","lemma":"König","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Könige","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"einer","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Frau","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Frau","lemma":"Frau","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"woman"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s13-l5","source":"und Blumen in dem wellenden Besatz.","translation":"and flowers in the rippling border.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s13-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Besatz","title":"A border, plus a participle","body":"der Besatz means 'trimming, border, edging' of a fabric. wellend, 'rippling', is the present participle of wellen, 'to undulate', and describes water rather than cloth. Both nouns continue the tapestry image from earlier lines."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Blumen","lemma":"Blume","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Blumen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Besatz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"wellenden","lemma":"wellend","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Besatz","gloss":"rippling"},{"surface":"Besatz","lemma":"Besatz","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"border"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s14-l1","source":"IV","translation":"IV","stanza":14,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s14-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"IV","lemma":"IV","morphology":"numeral","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"IV"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s15-l1","source":"Und Natur, erlaucht und als verletze","translation":"And Nature, illustrious, and as though it injured","stanza":15,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s15-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"erlaucht","title":"Subjunctive after als without ob","body":"erlaucht means 'illustrious, of high lineage'. als verletze sie uses als plus subjunctive I, verletze, from verletzen, 'to injure, offend', without ob or wenn: 'as though it offended'. Because ob is dropped, the verb jumps to second position right after als."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on nahm","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Natur","lemma":"Natur","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of nahm","gloss":"Nature"},{"surface":"erlaucht","lemma":"erlaucht","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Natur","gloss":"illustrious"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verletze","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on verletze","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"verletze","lemma":"verletzen","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"depends on als","gloss":"injured"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s15-l2","source":"sie nur unentschloßnes Ungefähr,","translation":"only an irresolute approximation,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s15-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Ungefähr","title":"Adjective made into a noun","body":"ungefähr usually means 'approximately'; nouned as das Ungefähr it means 'the vague, the approximate'. unentschloßnes, short for unentschlossenes, 'irresolute, undecided', sharpens it. sie nur unentschloßnes Ungefähr is the object of the subjunctive verletze from the line before."}],"words":[{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of verletze","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nur","lemma":"nur","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on unentschloßnes","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"unentschloßnes","lemma":"unentschlossen","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ungefähr","gloss":"irresolute"},{"surface":"Ungefähr","lemma":"Ungefähr","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on verletze","gloss":"approximation"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s15-l3","source":"nahm von diesen Königen Gesetze,","translation":"took its laws from these kings,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s15-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nahm ... Gesetze","title":"Main verb arrives at last","body":"nahm is the simple past of nehmen, 'to take', the long-postponed main verb of the sentence opened by Und Natur. von diesen Königen Gesetze nehmen means 'to take laws from these kings'."}],"words":[{"surface":"nahm","lemma":"nehmen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on nahm","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"diesen","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Königen","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Königen","lemma":"König","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"kings"},{"surface":"Gesetze","lemma":"Gesetz","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on nahm","gloss":"laws"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s15-l4","source":"selber selig, um den Tapis-vert","translation":"blissful itself, to pile up, around the tapis-vert,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s15-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"selber","lemma":"selber","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on selig","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"selig","lemma":"selig","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Natur","gloss":"blissful"},{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on aufzutürmen","gloss":"around","note":"Pairs with the later \"aufzutürmen\" (\"um ... aufzutürmen\") to form a purpose clause, \"in order to pile up.\""},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Tapis-vert","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Tapis-vert","lemma":"Tapis-vert","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on um","gloss":"tapis-vert","note":"French garden term for a stretch of level lawn, common in formal Versailles-style parks."}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s16-l1","source":"ihrer Bäume Traum und Übertreibung","translation":"the dream and exaggeration of its trees","stanza":16,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s16-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ihrer Bäume Traum","title":"Genitive set before its noun","body":"ihrer Bäume Traum und Übertreibung means 'its trees' dream and exaggeration', with the genitive ihrer Bäume, 'of its trees', placed before the noun it modifies. die Übertreibung means 'exaggeration, overstatement'. The whole phrase is the accusative object of aufzutürmen."}],"words":[{"surface":"ihrer","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Bäume","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Bäume","lemma":"Baum","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Traum","gloss":"trees'"},{"surface":"Traum","lemma":"Traum","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on aufzutürmen","gloss":"dream"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Traum","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Übertreibung","lemma":"Übertreibung","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"exaggeration"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s16-l2","source":"aufzutürmen aus gebauschtem Grün","translation":"out of billowed green,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s16-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aufzutürmen","title":"Separable verb inside um zu","body":"auftürmen means 'to pile up, heap into a tower', from auf- and Turm, 'tower'. As a separable verb in the um zu clause it becomes auf-zu-türmen. aus gebauschtem Grün means 'out of billowed green', from bauschen, 'to billow'."}],"words":[{"surface":"aufzutürmen","lemma":"auftürmen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on um","gloss":"to pile up"},{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on aufzutürmen","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"gebauschtem","lemma":"gebauscht","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Grün","gloss":"billowed"},{"surface":"Grün","lemma":"Grün","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"green"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s16-l3","source":"und die Abende nach der Beschreibung","translation":"and to paint the evenings, after the description","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s16-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nach der Beschreibung","title":"nach meaning according to","body":"nach plus dative can mean 'after, according to, following the model of': nach der Beschreibung von Verliebten means 'according to the account of lovers'. die Beschreibung means 'description', from beschreiben, 'to describe'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on einzumalen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Abende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Abende","lemma":"Abend","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on einzumalen","gloss":"evenings"},{"surface":"nach","lemma":"nach","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on einzumalen","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Beschreibung","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Beschreibung","lemma":"Beschreibung","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on nach","gloss":"description"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s16-l4","source":"von Verliebten in die Avenün","translation":"by lovers, into the avenues,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s16-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Avenün","title":"Lovers named, plus a poetic plural","body":"Verliebte means 'people in love', the substantivized past participle of sich verlieben, 'to fall in love'. Avenün is Rilke's Germanized plural of French avenue, chosen to rhyme with Grün; in die Avenün is accusative after in."}],"words":[{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Beschreibung","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Verliebten","lemma":"Verliebte","morphology":"noun, dative, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"lovers"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on einzumalen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Avenün","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Avenün","lemma":"Avenue","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"avenues","note":"Poetic contraction of \"Avenuen\" (avenues) to fit the meter."}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s17-l1","source":"einzumalen mit dem weichen Pinsel,","translation":"with the soft brush,","stanza":17,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s17-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"einzumalen","title":"Second infinitive in the clause","body":"einmalen means 'to paint in, paint into', from ein- and malen, 'to paint'; as a separable verb in um zu it becomes ein-zu-malen. It governs die Abende ... in die Avenün from the lines above. der Pinsel means 'paintbrush'."}],"words":[{"surface":"einzumalen","lemma":"einmalen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on und","gloss":"to paint in"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on einzumalen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Pinsel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"weichen","lemma":"weich","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Pinsel","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"Pinsel","lemma":"Pinsel","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"brush"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s17-l2","source":"der ein firnisklares aufgelöstes","translation":"that seemed to hold, glistening, a varnish-clear, dissolved","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s17-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"firnisklar","title":"A compound Rilke coined","body":"Firnis means 'varnish, the clear glaze on a painting'; combined with klar, 'clear', it gives 'varnish-clear, lacquer-bright'. aufgelöst, 'dissolved', from auflösen, modifies Lächeln in the next line. der is the relative pronoun referring to Pinsel, the brush."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of schien","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on firnisklares","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"firnisklares","lemma":"firnisklar","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"varnish-clear"},{"surface":"aufgelöstes","lemma":"aufgelöst","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"dissolved"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s17-l3","source":"Lächeln glänzend zu enthalten schien:","translation":"smile within it:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s17-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zu enthalten schien","title":"scheinen zu plus an infinitive","body":"scheinen plus zu plus infinitive means 'to seem to'. der ... zu enthalten schien means 'which seemed to contain'. enthalten means 'to contain, hold', with ein ... aufgelöstes Lächeln, 'a dissolved smile', as its object. glänzend means 'gleaming'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lächeln","lemma":"Lächeln","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on enthalten","gloss":"smile"},{"surface":"glänzend","lemma":"glänzend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on enthalten","gloss":"glistening"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on enthalten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"enthalten","lemma":"enthalten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on schien","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"schien","lemma":"scheinen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s18-l1","source":"der Natur ein liebes, nicht ihr größtes,","translation":"a smile dear to Nature, not its greatest,","stanza":18,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s18-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"der Natur ein liebes","title":"Dative marks who something is for","body":"der Natur is dative, 'to or for Nature': ein der Natur liebes [Lächeln] means 'a smile dear to Nature'. lieb means 'dear, beloved'. nicht ihr größtes means 'not its greatest', with ihr the possessive 'its'."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Natur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Natur","lemma":"Natur","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on liebes","gloss":"Nature"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on liebes","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liebes","lemma":"lieb","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on größtes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ihr","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on größtes","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"größtes","lemma":"groß","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular, superlative","role":"depends on liebes","gloss":"greatest"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s18-l2","source":"aber eines, das sie selbst verliehn,","translation":"but one that it lent out itself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s18-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"verliehn","title":"Past participle of verleihen","body":"verliehn, short for verliehen, is the past participle of verleihen, 'to lend out, bestow'. eines, das sie selbst verliehn means 'one that it itself lent'. sie refers to Nature; selbst means 'itself'. The verb stands at the clause's end."}],"words":[{"surface":"aber","lemma":"aber","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on eines","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"eines","lemma":"einer","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lächeln","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on verliehn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of verliehn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"selbst","lemma":"selbst","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sie","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"verliehn","lemma":"verleihen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bestowed"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s18-l3","source":"um auf rosenvoller Liebes-Insel","translation":"to raise it, on a rose-filled isle of love,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s18-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on aufzuziehn","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on aufzuziehn","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"rosenvoller","lemma":"rosenvoll","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Liebes-Insel","gloss":"rose-filled"},{"surface":"Liebes-Insel","lemma":"Liebes-Insel","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"isle of love"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s18-l4","source":"es zu einem größern aufzuziehn.","translation":"into something greater.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s18-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aufzuziehn","title":"Separable verb meaning to raise","body":"aufziehen means 'to raise, rear, bring up', as one raises a child; auf-zu-ziehn is its separable form in the um zu clause. es zu einem größern aufzuziehn means 'to raise it into something greater'. größern is short for größeren."}],"words":[{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on aufzuziehn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on aufzuziehn","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on größern","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"größern","lemma":"größer","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"something greater"},{"surface":"aufzuziehn","lemma":"aufziehen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on um","gloss":"to raise up"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s19-l1","source":"V","translation":"V","stanza":19,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s19-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"V","lemma":"V","morphology":"numeral","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"V"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s20-l1","source":"Götter von Alleen und Altanen,","translation":"Gods of avenues and balconies,","stanza":20,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s20-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Altan","title":"A balcony, paired with avenues","body":"der Altan means 'a balcony, raised terrace'. The plural Altanen pairs with Alleen, 'avenues', both dative after von, 'of'. Götter von Alleen und Altanen names the garden statues that this part of the poem describes."}],"words":[{"surface":"Götter","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Alleen","lemma":"Allee","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"avenues"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Alleen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Altanen","lemma":"Altane","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"balconies"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s20-l2","source":"niemals ganzgeglaubte Götter, die","translation":"gods never wholly believed in, that","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s20-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ganzgeglaubte","title":"Rilke welds two words together","body":"ganz, 'wholly, fully', is fused to geglaubt, the participle of glauben, 'to believe', giving ganzgeglaubte, 'wholly-believed'. niemals ganzgeglaubte Götter means 'gods never fully believed in'. The trailing die is the relative pronoun opening the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"niemals","lemma":"niemals","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ganzgeglaubte","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"ganzgeglaubte","lemma":"ganzgeglaubt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"wholly believed"},{"surface":"Götter","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of altern","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s20-l3","source":"altern in den gradbesehnittnen Bahnen,","translation":"grow old in the straight-cut walks,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s20-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gradbesehnittnen","title":"A verb and a compound adjective","body":"altern means 'to grow old, age'. gradbeschnitten, printed here as gradbesehnittnen, means 'straight-cut', from grad or gerade, 'straight', and beschneiden, 'to cut, trim', describing the clipped paths, Bahnen, 'tracks, walks'. in den ... Bahnen marks location, dative."}],"words":[{"surface":"altern","lemma":"altern","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grow old"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on altern","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, plural","role":"depends on Bahnen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gradbesehnittnen","lemma":"gradbeschnitten","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Bahnen","gloss":"straight-cut"},{"surface":"Bahnen","lemma":"Bahn","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"walks"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s20-l4","source":"höchstens angelächelte Dianen,","translation":"at most smiled-at Dianas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s20-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"höchstens","lemma":"höchstens","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on angelächelte","gloss":"at most"},{"surface":"angelächelte","lemma":"angelächelt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Dianen","gloss":"smiled-at"},{"surface":"Dianen","lemma":"Diane","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Dianas"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s20-l5","source":"wenn die königliche Venerie","translation":"when the royal hunting-party","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s20-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on aufbrach","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Venerie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"königliche","lemma":"königlich","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Venerie","gloss":"royal"},{"surface":"Venerie","lemma":"Venerie","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of aufbrach","gloss":"hunting party","note":"French loanword (\"vénerie\") for a royal hunting retinue."}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s21-l1","source":"wie ein Wind die hohen Morgen teilend","translation":"splitting the high mornings like a wind","stanza":21,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s21-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"teilend","title":"Present participle modifying a noun","body":"teilend, from teilen, 'to divide, split', is a present participle here modifying the hunt named later in the sentence. wie ein Wind means 'like a wind'. die hohen Morgen, 'the high mornings', is the accusative object of teilend."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Wind","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Wind","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Wind","lemma":"Wind","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on teilend","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Morgen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hohen","lemma":"hoch","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Morgen","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on teilend","gloss":"mornings"},{"surface":"teilend","lemma":"teilend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on aufbrach","gloss":"splitting"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s21-l2","source":"aufbrach, übereilt und übereilend–;","translation":"set out, hurried and hurrying–;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s21-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aufbrach","title":"A verb, plus paired participles","body":"aufbrach is the simple past of aufbrechen, 'to set out, depart', the verb of the wenn clause here at clause end. übereilt, 'hurried', is passive, and übereilend, 'hurrying', is active, both from übereilen, 'to hurry, rush'."}],"words":[{"surface":"aufbrach","lemma":"aufbrechen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set out"},{"surface":"übereilt","lemma":"übereilen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on aufbrach","gloss":"hurried"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on übereilt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"übereilend–","lemma":"übereilend","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on und","gloss":"hurrying"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s21-l3","source":"höchstens angelächelte, doch nie","translation":"at most smiled-at, yet never","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s21-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"höchstens","lemma":"höchstens","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on angelächelte","gloss":"at most"},{"surface":"angelächelte","lemma":"angelächelt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"smiled-at"},{"surface":"doch","lemma":"doch","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on angelächelte","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"nie","lemma":"nie","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on angeflehte","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s22-l1","source":"angeflehte Götter. Elegante","translation":"implored gods. Elegant","stanza":22,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s22-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"angeflehte","title":"Past participle of anflehen","body":"angefleht is the past participle of anflehen, 'to implore, beseech, beg'. höchstens angelächelte, doch nie angeflehte Götter means 'gods at most smiled at, yet never implored', with the contrast split across the stanza break."}],"words":[{"surface":"angeflehte","lemma":"angefleht","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"implored"},{"surface":"Götter","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Elegante","lemma":"elegant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on Pseudonyme","gloss":"elegant"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s22-l2","source":"Pseudonyme, unter denen man","translation":"pseudonyms, under which one","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s22-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Pseudonyme","title":"A borrowed noun, plus a relative","body":"das Pseudonym means 'pseudonym, assumed name'. unter denen means 'under which', with the relative denen dative plural after unter. man means 'one'. The clause's verb completes in the next line, where someone hides and burns under these names."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pseudonyme","lemma":"Pseudonym","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pseudonyms"},{"surface":"unter","lemma":"unter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verbarg","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"denen","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on unter","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of verbarg","gloss":"one"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s22-l3","source":"sich verbarg und blühte oder brannte,–","translation":"hid, and bloomed or burned,–","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s22-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich verbarg","title":"Reflexive verb, strong past tense","body":"sich verbergen means 'to hide oneself, conceal oneself'; verbarg is its strong simple past. blühte, from blühen, 'to bloom', and brannte, from brennen, 'to burn', are also simple past forms, coordinated with verbarg by und and oder."}],"words":[{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on verbarg","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"verbarg","lemma":"verbergen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verbarg","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blühte","lemma":"blühen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"bloomed"},{"surface":"oder","lemma":"oder","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on blühte","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"brannte,–","lemma":"brennen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on oder","gloss":"burned"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s22-l4","source":"leichtgeneigte, lächelnd angewandte","translation":"lightly inclined, smilingly invoked","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s22-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"angewandte","title":"Two compound participles for gods","body":"leichtgeneigt means 'lightly inclined, favorably disposed', from leicht and geneigt, the participle of sich neigen, 'to incline'. angewandt is the participle of anwenden, 'to apply, use, invoke'. Both modify Götter, named explicitly in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"leichtgeneigte","lemma":"leichtgeneigt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"lightly inclined"},{"surface":"lächelnd","lemma":"lächelnd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on angewandte","gloss":"smilingly"},{"surface":"angewandte","lemma":"angewandt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Götter","gloss":"invoked"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s22-l5","source":"Götter, die noch manchmal dann und wann","translation":"gods that still, now and then,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s22-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"dann und wann","title":"A fixed phrase for occasional times","body":"dann und wann means 'now and then, from time to time'. noch manchmal dann und wann stacks three time words for emphasis. die reopens a relative clause whose verb, gewähren, 'to grant', arrives in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Götter","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of gewähren","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"noch","lemma":"noch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on manchmal","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"manchmal","lemma":"manchmal","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gewähren","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"dann","lemma":"dann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gewähren","gloss":"now","note":"\"dann und wann\" is a fixed idiom meaning \"now and then, occasionally.\""},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on dann","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"wann","lemma":"wann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on und","gloss":"then"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l1","source":"das gewähren, was sie einst gewährten,","translation":"grant what they once granted,","stanza":23,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gewähren","title":"Infinitive as main verb","body":"gewähren means 'to grant, bestow, accord'. das gewähren, was sie einst gewährten means 'grant that which they once granted', with das the object, 'that', and was a relative pronoun, 'which'. einst means 'once, formerly'."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on gewähren","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gewähren","lemma":"gewähren","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grant"},{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on gewährten","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gewährten","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"einst","lemma":"einst","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gewährten","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"gewährten","lemma":"gewähren","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"depends on gewähren","gloss":"granted"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l2","source":"wenn das Blühen der entzückten Gärten","translation":"when the blooming of the enchanted gardens","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"entzückt","title":"Nouned infinitive plus a participle","body":"das Blühen is the nouned infinitive of blühen, 'the blooming'. entzückt, 'delighted, enraptured', is the past participle of entzücken, 'to enchant'; der entzückten Gärten is genitive plural, 'of the enraptured gardens'. wenn sends its verb, nimmt, to the end."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on nimmt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Blühen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Blühen","lemma":"Blühen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of nimmt","gloss":"blooming"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Gärten","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entzückten","lemma":"entzückt","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Gärten","gloss":"enchanted"},{"surface":"Gärten","lemma":"Garten","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Blühen","gloss":"gardens"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l3","source":"ihnen ihre kalte Haltung nimmt;","translation":"takes their cold composure from them;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ihnen ... nimmt","title":"Dative marks who loses something","body":"nehmen with a dative person and accusative thing means 'to take something from someone': das Blühen ... nimmt ihnen ihre kalte Haltung means 'the blooming takes their cold bearing from them'. die Haltung means 'posture, bearing, composure'."}],"words":[{"surface":"ihnen","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on nimmt","gloss":"from them"},{"surface":"ihre","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Haltung","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"kalte","lemma":"kalt","morphology":"adjective, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Haltung","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"Haltung","lemma":"Haltung","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on nimmt","gloss":"composure"},{"surface":"nimmt","lemma":"nehmen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"takes"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l4","source":"wenn sie ganz von ersten Schatten beben","translation":"when they tremble all over with the first shadows","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"beben","title":"Verb plus causal von","body":"beben means 'to tremble, quiver, shake'. ganz means 'entirely, all over'. von ersten Schatten means 'with the first shadows', a causal von plus dative marking the cause of the shaking in this second wenn clause."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on beben","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of beben","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ganz","lemma":"ganz","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on beben","gloss":"all over"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on beben","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ersten","lemma":"erster","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Schatten","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Schatten","lemma":"Schatten","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"shadows"},{"surface":"beben","lemma":"beben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tremble"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l5","source":"und Versprechen um Versprechen geben,","translation":"and give promise upon promise,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Versprechen um Versprechen","title":"Repeated noun linked by um","body":"Versprechen um Versprechen means 'promise upon promise, one after another', the same pattern as Tag um Tag, 'day after day'; um links the repeated noun. das Versprechen means 'promise', from versprechen, 'to promise'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on beben","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Versprechen","lemma":"Versprechen","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on geben","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Versprechen","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Versprechen","lemma":"Versprechen","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on um","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"geben","lemma":"geben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"depends on beben","gloss":"give"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s23-l6","source":"alle unbegrenzt und unbestimmt.","translation":"all boundless and indefinite.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s23-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"unbegrenzt / unbestimmt","title":"Two adjectives built with un-","body":"unbegrenzt means 'boundless, unlimited', from un- plus begrenzt, 'limited'. unbestimmt means 'indefinite, undetermined', from un- plus bestimmt, 'definite'. alle refers back to the promises named in the line before."}],"words":[{"surface":"alle","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on unbegrenzt","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"unbegrenzt","lemma":"unbegrenzt","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"boundless"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on unbegrenzt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"unbestimmt","lemma":"unbestimmt","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on und","gloss":"indefinite"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s24-l1","source":"VI","translation":"VI","stanza":24,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s24-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"VI","lemma":"VI","morphology":"numeral","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"VI"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l1","source":"Fühlst du, wie keiner von allen","translation":"Do you feel how none of all the","stanza":25,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Fühlst du, wie ...","title":"Verb-first yes-no question","body":"Fühlst du ...? is a yes-no question with the verb first, since German has no do-support. wie means 'how', opening an embedded clause whose verb falls to the end, in the next line. keiner von allen means 'none of all'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fühlst","lemma":"fühlen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Do you feel"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on Fühlst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on keiner","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"keiner","lemma":"keiner","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of steht","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on keiner","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"allen","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l2","source":"Wegen steht und stockt;","translation":"paths stops and stalls;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"stehen und stocken","title":"Two verbs for stopping","body":"stehen means 'to stand, stop, be still'; stocken means 'to falter, halt, come to a standstill'. keiner ... steht und stockt means 'not one path stands still and stalls', the predicate of the wie clause begun in the line before."}],"words":[{"surface":"Wegen","lemma":"Weg","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on allen","gloss":"paths"},{"surface":"steht","lemma":"stehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stops"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stockt","lemma":"stocken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"stalls"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l3","source":"von gelassenen Treppen fallen,","translation":"from unhurried stairways fall,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gelassen","title":"Adjective from a verb's participle","body":"gelassen means 'calm, unhurried, composed', originally the participle of lassen, 'to let'. von gelassenen Treppen means 'from the calm stairways', dative after von. Its subject, die Wege, 'the paths', is delayed until a later line."}],"words":[{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on fallen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"gelassenen","lemma":"gelassen","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Treppen","gloss":"unhurried"},{"surface":"Treppen","lemma":"Treppe","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"stairways"},{"surface":"fallen","lemma":"fallen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"fall"}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l4","source":"durch ein Nichts von Neigung","translation":"through a mere nothing of a slope","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ein Nichts von Neigung","title":"A fixed phrase for a trace","body":"ein Nichts von X means 'a mere nothing of X, the barest trace of X'. die Neigung means 'incline, slope'. durch ein Nichts von Neigung means 'through the barest hint of a slope'."}],"words":[{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on fallen","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Nichts","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Nichts","lemma":"Nichts","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Nichts","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Neigung","lemma":"Neigung","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"slope"}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l5","source":"leise weitergelockt,","translation":"softly lured onward,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"weitergelockt","title":"Separable participle, prefix rejoined","body":"weitergelockt is the past participle of weiterlocken, 'to lure further on', from weiter-, 'further', and locken, 'to lure'. leise means 'softly'. The participle modifies die Wege, the still-pending subject of the sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"leise","lemma":"leise","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on weitergelockt","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"weitergelockt","lemma":"weiterlocken","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on fallen","gloss":"lured onward"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l6","source":"über alle Terrassen","translation":"over all the terraces","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"über","lemma":"über","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verlangsamt","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"aller","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Terrassen","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Terrassen","lemma":"Terrasse","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on über","gloss":"terraces"}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l7","source":"die Wege, zwischen den Massen","translation":"the paths, between the masses,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"die Wege","title":"The long-delayed subject named","body":"die Wege, 'the paths', is finally the explicit subject of the verb held back across five lines of description. zwischen den Massen means 'between the masses', dative after zwischen, referring to the clipped hedges."}],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Wege","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Wege","lemma":"Weg","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of verlangsamt","gloss":"paths"},{"surface":"zwischen","lemma":"zwischen","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verlangsamt","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Massen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Massen","lemma":"Masse","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on zwischen","gloss":"masses"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l8","source":"verlangsamt und gelenkt,","translation":"slowed and steered,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"verlangsamt / gelenkt","title":"Two past participles as predicate","body":"verlangsamt, from verlangsamen, 'to slow down', and gelenkt, from lenken, 'to steer, guide', are past participles describing die Wege, 'slowed and steered' by the masses of hedge between them."}],"words":[{"surface":"verlangsamt","lemma":"verlangsamen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slowed"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verlangsamt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gelenkt","lemma":"lenken","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on und","gloss":"steered"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l9","source":"bis zu den weiten Teichen,","translation":"as far as the wide ponds,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"bis zu den weiten Teichen","title":"bis zu takes the dative","body":"bis zu means 'as far as, up to' and takes the dative: bis zu den weiten Teichen means 'as far as the wide ponds'. The paths run all the way down to the great basins named here."}],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Teichen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"weiten","lemma":"weit","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Teichen","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"Teichen","lemma":"Teich","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"ponds"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l10","source":"wo sie (wie einem Gleichen)","translation":"where (as to an equal)","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"wie einem Gleichen","title":"A noun made from an adjective","body":"ein Gleicher means 'an equal, a peer'. wie einem Gleichen means 'as to an equal', dative. sie refers back to die Wege, 'the paths', the object of verschenkt in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"wo","lemma":"wo","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on verschenkt","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on verschenkt","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verschenkt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Gleichen","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Gleichen","lemma":"Gleichen","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"equal"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s25-l11","source":"der reiche Park verschenkt","translation":"the rich park gives away","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s25-l11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"verschenken","title":"To give away as a gift","body":"verschenken means 'to give away as a gift', from ver- and schenken, 'to give'. der reiche Park verschenkt sie ... an den reichen Raum means 'the rich park gives them away to the rich space'. an plus accusative marks the recipient."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Park","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reiche","lemma":"reich","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Park","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"Park","lemma":"Park","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"park"},{"surface":"verschenkt","lemma":"verschenken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gives away"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l1","source":"an den reichen Raum: den Einen,","translation":"to the rich space: the One,","stanza":26,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"den Einen","title":"An adjective used as a noun","body":"den Einen means 'the One', accusative, with ein capitalized and declined like a noun, in apposition to den reichen Raum. The colon introduces it. The relative der in the next line elaborates it further."}],"words":[{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verschenkt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Raum","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reichen","lemma":"reich","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Raum","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"Raum","lemma":"Raum","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Einen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Einen","lemma":"Eine","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Raum","gloss":"One"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l2","source":"der mit Scheinen und Widerscheinen","translation":"that with shinings and reflections","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Schein / Widerschein","title":"Two nouns built on Schein","body":"der Schein means 'shine, gleam, light'; der Widerschein means 'reflection, reflected glow', from wider-, 'back, counter', plus Schein. The plurals Scheinen und Widerscheinen are dative after mit. der is the relative pronoun referring back to den Einen."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on durchdringt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on durchdringt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Scheinen","lemma":"Schein","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"shinings"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Scheinen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Widerscheinen","lemma":"Widerschein","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"reflections"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l3","source":"seinen Besitz durchdringt,","translation":"pervades its possession,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"durchdringen","title":"Verb plus noun for holdings","body":"durchdringen means 'to penetrate, pervade, permeate'. der Besitz means 'possession, property, holding'. der ... seinen Besitz durchdringt means 'which pervades its own domain', with durchdringt closing the relative clause, as German subordinate order requires."}],"words":[{"surface":"seinen","lemma":"sein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Besitz","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Besitz","lemma":"Besitz","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on durchdringt","gloss":"possession"},{"surface":"durchdringt","lemma":"durchdringen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pervades"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l4","source":"aus dem er von allen Seiten","translation":"from which it, on all sides,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aus dem ... von allen Seiten","title":"Relative pronoun after aus","body":"aus dem means 'out of which', with the relative dem dative after aus, referring to Besitz. er stands for the 'One' named earlier. von allen Seiten means 'from all sides'. The clause's verb, bringt, completes the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on bringt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on bringt","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"allen","lemma":"aller","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Seiten","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Seiten","lemma":"Seite","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"sides"}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l5","source":"Weiten mit sich bringt,","translation":"brings distances with it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die Weite","title":"Noun plus a fixed phrase","body":"die Weite means 'expanse, distance, openness'; the plural Weiten means 'far distances'. mit sich bringen means 'to bring along, entail', a fixed phrase. er ... bringt Weiten mit sich means 'it brings far distances along with it'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Weiten","lemma":"Weite","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on bringt","gloss":"distances"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on bringt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bringt","lemma":"bringen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brings"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l6","source":"wenn er aus schließenden Weihern","translation":"when it, out of closing pools,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"schließenden Weihern","title":"Present participle before its noun","body":"schließend, from schließen, 'to close, shut', is a present participle: schließende Weiher means 'closing pools'. aus schließenden Weihern is dative after aus, 'out of'. wenn sends its verb, schwingt, to the end of the part."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on schwingt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on schwingt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"schließenden","lemma":"schließend","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Weihern","gloss":"closing"},{"surface":"Weihern","lemma":"Weiher","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"pools"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l7","source":"zu wolkigen Abendfeiern","translation":"to cloudy evening festivals","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Abendfeiern","title":"A compound noun for a festival","body":"die Abendfeier means 'evening celebration, festival', from Abend, 'evening', and Feier, 'celebration'; the plural Abendfeiern is dative after zu, 'to'. wolkig means 'cloudy'."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"wolkigen","lemma":"wolkig","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Abendfeiern","gloss":"cloudy"},{"surface":"Abendfeiern","lemma":"Abendfeier","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"evening festivals"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s26-l8","source":"sich in die Himmel schwingt.","translation":"swings up into the skies.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s26-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich schwingen","title":"Reflexive verb of soaring motion","body":"sich schwingen means 'to swing oneself up, soar, vault'. sich in die Himmel schwingen means 'to swing up into the skies', with in die Himmel accusative for motion into. schwingt is the long-deferred verb of the wenn clause."}],"words":[{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on schwingt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on schwingt","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, plural","role":"depends on Himmel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Himmel","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"skies"},{"surface":"schwingt","lemma":"schwingen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"swings up"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s27-l1","source":"VII","translation":"VII","stanza":27,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s27-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"VII","lemma":"VII","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"VII"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s28-l1","source":"Aber Schalen sind, drin der Najaden","translation":"But there are basins in which the naiads'","stanza":28,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s28-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aber","lemma":"aber","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"Schalen","lemma":"Schale","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"basins"},{"surface":"sind","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"drin","lemma":"drin","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on baden","gloss":"in which","note":"drin is a contracted, colloquial/poetic form of darin ('therein')."},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, plural","role":"depends on Najaden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Najaden","lemma":"Najade","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Spiegelbilder","gloss":"naiads'"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s28-l2","source":"Spiegelbilder, die sie nicht mehr baden,","translation":"reflections, which they no longer bathe,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s28-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"die sie nicht mehr baden","title":"Relative clause with object fronted","body":"die sie nicht mehr baden means 'which they no longer bathe': die is the relative object, 'which', referring to Spiegelbilder, and sie the subject, 'they'. baden means 'to bathe'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Spiegelbilder","lemma":"Spiegelbild","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"reflections"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on baden","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on baden","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on baden","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mehr","lemma":"mehr","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nicht","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"baden","lemma":"baden","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bathe"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s28-l3","source":"wie ertrunken liegen, sehr verzerrt;","translation":"lie as if drowned, sorely distorted;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s28-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ertrunken / verzerrt","title":"Two past participles for ruin","body":"ertrunken means 'drowned', the past participle of ertrinken, 'to drown'; wie ertrunken means 'as though drowned'. verzerrt means 'distorted, contorted, warped', from verzerren. Both describe how the reflections lie in the water."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on ertrunken","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"ertrunken","lemma":"ertrunken","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"drowned"},{"surface":"liegen","lemma":"liegen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"sehr","lemma":"sehr","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verzerrt","gloss":"sorely"},{"surface":"verzerrt","lemma":"verzerren","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"distorted"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s28-l4","source":"die Alleen sind durch Balustraden","translation":"the avenues are, by balustrades,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s28-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Balustraden","title":"A borrowed noun for railings","body":"die Balustrade means 'balustrade, stone railing', a row of small pillars topped by a rail. durch Balustraden means 'by, through balustrades', an instrumental durch plus accusative. sind depends on the participle versperrt in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Alleen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Alleen","lemma":"Allee","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"avenues"},{"surface":"sind","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"depends on versperrt","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on versperrt","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Balustraden","lemma":"Balustrade","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"balustrades"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s28-l5","source":"in der Ferne wie versperrt.","translation":"in the distance as if barred shut.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s28-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"versperrt","title":"Past participle of versperren","body":"versperrt is the past participle of versperren, 'to block, bar, obstruct'. wie versperrt means 'as though barred, blocked off'. in der Ferne means 'in the distance', dative."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on versperrt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Ferne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ferne","lemma":"Ferne","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on versperrt","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"versperrt","lemma":"versperren","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"barred shut"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s29-l1","source":"Immer geht ein feuchter Blätterfall","translation":"Always a damp fall of leaves goes","stanza":29,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s29-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Blätterfall","title":"A compound noun for falling leaves","body":"der Blätterfall means 'the falling of leaves', from Blätter, 'leaves', and Fall, 'fall'. feucht means 'damp, moist'. immer means 'always, constantly', modifying geht, the main verb of the sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"Always"},{"surface":"geht","lemma":"gehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Blätterfall","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"feuchter","lemma":"feucht","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Blätterfall","gloss":"damp"},{"surface":"Blätterfall","lemma":"Blätterfall","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"fall of leaves"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s29-l2","source":"durch die Luft hinunter wie auf Stufen,","translation":"down through the air as if down steps,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s29-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"geht ... hinunter","title":"Directional adverb, not a preposition","body":"hinunter means 'down, downward, away from the speaker'. geht ... hinunter means 'goes, descends downward'. wie auf Stufen means 'as though on steps', from die Stufe, 'step'."}],"words":[{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinunter","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Luft","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Luft","lemma":"Luft","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"hinunter","lemma":"hinunter","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinunter","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Stufen","lemma":"Stufe","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"steps"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s29-l3","source":"jeder Vogelruf ist wie verrufen,","translation":"every birdcall sounds as if ill-omened,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s29-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"verrufen","title":"A wordplay lost in translation","body":"verrufen means 'ill-reputed, notorious, of evil repute'. jeder Vogelruf ist wie verrufen means 'every birdcall is as though ill-famed', playing verrufen against Vogelruf, 'birdcall', both built on rufen, 'to call'."}],"words":[{"surface":"jeder","lemma":"jeder","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Vogelruf","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Vogelruf","lemma":"Vogelruf","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"birdcall"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verrufen","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"verrufen","lemma":"verrufen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"ill-omened"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s29-l4","source":"wie vergiftet jede Nachtigall.","translation":"as if poisoned every nightingale.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s29-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wie vergiftet jede Nachtigall","title":"Elided verb across parallel lines","body":"vergiftet means 'poisoned', the past participle of vergiften, 'to poison'. The line drops a repeated ist from the previous line, so it reads [ist] wie vergiftet jede Nachtigall, 'every nightingale is as though poisoned'. die Nachtigall means 'nightingale'."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on vergiftet","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"vergiftet","lemma":"vergiften","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"poisoned"},{"surface":"jede","lemma":"jeder","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Nachtigall","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Nachtigall","lemma":"Nachtigall","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on vergiftet","gloss":"nightingale"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s30-l1","source":"Selbst der Frühling ist da nicht mehr gebend,","translation":"Even spring is no longer giving there,","stanza":30,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s30-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ist ... gebend","title":"sein plus a present participle","body":"selbst before a noun means 'even': selbst der Frühling means 'even spring'. ist ... gebend pairs sein with the present participle of geben, 'to give', for a state, 'is no longer giving'. da means 'there'; nicht mehr means 'no longer'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Selbst","lemma":"selbst","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Frühling","gloss":"Even"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Frühling","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Frühling","lemma":"Frühling","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gebend","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on gebend","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"mehr","lemma":"mehr","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nicht","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"gebend","lemma":"gebend","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"giving"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s30-l2","source":"diese Büsche glauben nicht an ihn;","translation":"these bushes do not believe in it;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s30-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"glauben an","title":"A verb plus accusative for belief","body":"glauben an means 'to believe in' and takes the accusative: glauben nicht an ihn means 'do not believe in it', with ihn standing for the masculine Frühling, 'spring'. der Busch means 'bush, shrub'."}],"words":[{"surface":"diese","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Büsche","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Büsche","lemma":"Busch","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on glauben","gloss":"bushes"},{"surface":"glauben","lemma":"glauben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on glauben","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on glauben","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ihn","lemma":"ihn","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s30-l3","source":"ungern duftet trübe, überlebend","translation":"reluctantly, dully, surviving on, there breathes its scent","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s30-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ungern / duften","title":"Three adverbs before the subject","body":"ungern means 'reluctantly, unwillingly'. duften means 'to give off a scent'. trübe means 'dull, murky' here used adverbially, and überlebend, 'surviving, outliving', is the present participle of überleben. The subject these describe arrives only in the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"ungern","lemma":"ungern","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on duftet","gloss":"reluctantly"},{"surface":"duftet","lemma":"duften","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"breathes its scent"},{"surface":"trübe","lemma":"trübe","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on duftet","gloss":"dully"},{"surface":"überlebend","lemma":"überlebend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on duftet","gloss":"surviving on"}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s30-l4","source":"abgestandener Jasmin","translation":"the stale jasmine,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s30-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"abgestanden","title":"Adjective for stale scent","body":"abgestanden means 'stale, flat, gone off', the past participle of abstehen, normally used of stagnant water or air. der Jasmin means 'jasmine'. abgestandener Jasmin is the delayed subject of duftet from the line above."}],"words":[{"surface":"abgestandener","lemma":"abgestanden","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Jasmin","gloss":"stale"},{"surface":"Jasmin","lemma":"Jasmin","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on duftet","gloss":"jasmine"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s31-l1","source":"alt und mit Zerfallendem vermischt.","translation":"old and mingled with decaying things.","stanza":31,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s31-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"mit Zerfallendem vermischt","title":"vermischt mit plus a nouned participle","body":"vermischt mit takes the dative and means 'mixed, mingled with', from vermischen, 'to mix'. Zerfallendem is the present participle of zerfallen, 'to decay, crumble', used as a neuter noun, 'decaying matter'."}],"words":[{"surface":"alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Jasmin","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on alt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vermischt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Zerfallendem","lemma":"Zerfallendes","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"decaying things"},{"surface":"vermischt","lemma":"vermischen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Jasmin","gloss":"mingled"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s31-l2","source":"Mit dir weiter rückt ein Bündel Mücken,","translation":"Along with you a swarm of midges moves on,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s31-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ein Bündel Mücken / weiterrücken","title":"A noun phrase, plus a moving verb","body":"das Bündel means 'bundle, cluster'; die Mücke means 'midge, gnat', so ein Bündel Mücken means 'a swarm of midges'. weiterrücken means 'to move on, shift further', a separable verb with weiter split off and standing first here."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on rückt","gloss":"Along with"},{"surface":"dir","lemma":"dir","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on Mit","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"weiter","lemma":"weiter","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on rückt","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"rückt","lemma":"rücken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"moves"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Bündel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Bündel","lemma":"Bündel","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on rückt","gloss":"swarm"},{"surface":"Mücken","lemma":"Mücke","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Bündel","gloss":"midges"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s31-l3","source":"so als würde hinter deinem Rücken","translation":"as if behind your back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s31-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"so als würde","title":"Subjunctive after so als","body":"so als, plus a subjunctive verb, means 'as though'. würde ... vernichtet, in the next line, is subjunctive II passive, 'were annihilated'. Because ob is dropped, würde jumps up right after als. hinter deinem Rücken means 'behind your back', dative."}],"words":[{"surface":"so","lemma":"so","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on würde","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on würde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"würde","lemma":"werden","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"hinter","lemma":"hinter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on würde","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"deinem","lemma":"dein","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Rücken","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Rücken","lemma":"Rücken","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on hinter","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"die-parke-i-vii-s31-l4","source":"alles gleich vernichtet und verwischt.","translation":"everything were at once destroyed and erased.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-parke-i-vii-s31-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vernichtet / verwischt","title":"Two past participles for destruction","body":"vernichtet means 'annihilated, destroyed', from vernichten. verwischt means 'blurred, smeared away, effaced', from verwischen. gleich here means 'at once, immediately'. Both complete so als würde ... vernichtet und verwischt from the line before."}],"words":[{"surface":"alles","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on vernichtet","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"gleich","lemma":"gleich","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vernichtet","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"vernichtet","lemma":"vernichten","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on würde","gloss":"destroyed"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on vernichtet","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"verwischt","lemma":"verwischen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on und","gloss":"erased"}]}]}