{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"die-rosenschale","title":{"source":"Die Rosenschale","translated":"The Bowl of Roses"},"section":"New Poems","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/die-rosenschale","lines":72},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/geburt-der-venus","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/archaischer-torso-apollos","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l1","source":"Zornige sahst du flackern, sahst zwei Knaben","translation":"Angry ones you saw flaring up, you saw two boys","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Zornige","title":"Adjective used as noun","body":"zornig means 'angry, wrathful'. Capitalized and given a plural ending, Zornige becomes a noun, 'angry ones'. It stands first in the line as the fronted accusative object of sahst, giving object then verb then subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"Zornige","lemma":"zornig","morphology":"adjective (nominalized), accusative, plural","role":"depends on flackern","gloss":"Angry ones"},{"surface":"sahst","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on sahst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"flackern","lemma":"flackern","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on sahst","gloss":"flare up"},{"surface":"sahst","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"zwei","lemma":"zwei","morphology":"numeral","role":"depends on Knaben","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"Knaben","lemma":"Knabe","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on sahst","gloss":"boys"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l2","source":"zu einem Etwas sich zusammenballen,","translation":"clench themselves together into a Something,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich zusammenballen","title":"Reflexive with separable prefix","body":"zusammenballen means 'to clump, to ball together'; with reflexive sich it means 'to ball themselves together'. The prefix zusammen- is separable, but here the clause begins with zu, so the infinitive stays whole at the end. ein Etwas nouns the pronoun etwas, 'a Something'."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on zusammenballen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"einem","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Etwas","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Etwas","lemma":"Etwas","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"Something","note":"Nominalized \"etwas\" (something), capitalized here as its own noun, matching the translation's \"a Something.\""},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on zusammenballen","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"zusammenballen","lemma":"zusammenballen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on sahst","gloss":"clench together"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l3","source":"das Haß war und sich auf der Erde wälzte","translation":"that was hatred and rolled about on the ground","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sich wälzen","title":"Verb meaning to roll","body":"sich wälzen means 'to roll, writhe, wallow', of a heavy body turning over on the ground. The reflexive sich is required here, not optional. auf der Erde is dative, marking location rather than motion toward it."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of war","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Haß","lemma":"Haß","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on war","gloss":"hatred"},{"surface":"war","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on war","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on wälzte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wälzte","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Erde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Erde","lemma":"Erde","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"wälzte","lemma":"wälzen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"rolled"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l4","source":"wie ein von Bienen überfallnes Tier;","translation":"like an animal set upon by bees;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"von Bienen überfallnes","title":"Past participle used as adjective","body":"überfallnes, short for überfallenes, is the past participle of überfallen, 'to attack, assail', placed before the noun Tier. The agent is marked with von plus dative, von Bienen, 'by bees'. This packs a passive clause into one adjective."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Tier","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Tier","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on überfallnes","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Bienen","lemma":"Biene","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"bees"},{"surface":"überfallnes","lemma":"überfallen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Tier","gloss":"set upon"},{"surface":"Tier","lemma":"Tier","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"animal"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l5","source":"Schauspieler, aufgetürmte Übertreiber,","translation":"Actors, exaggerators piled high,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Übertreiber","title":"Noun for one who exaggerates","body":"Übertreiber is a Rilke coinage from übertreiben, 'to exaggerate, overdo'; it means 'one who exaggerates'. aufgetürmte, from auftürmen, 'to tower up, pile high', describes the actors as heaped together."}],"words":[{"surface":"Schauspieler","lemma":"Schauspieler","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on sahst","gloss":"Actors"},{"surface":"aufgetürmte","lemma":"auftürmen","morphology":"adjective (participial), accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Übertreiber","gloss":"piled high"},{"surface":"Übertreiber","lemma":"Übertreiber","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on aufgetürmte","gloss":"exaggerators"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l6","source":"rasende Pferde, die zusammenbrachen,","translation":"raging horses that collapsed,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zusammenbrachen","title":"Separable verb in past tense","body":"zusammenbrechen, 'to collapse, break down', is separable, but in this relative clause introduced by die it stays whole and final. brachen is the strong past of brechen. rasend means 'raging, frenzied'."}],"words":[{"surface":"rasende","lemma":"rasend","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Pferde","gloss":"raging"},{"surface":"Pferde","lemma":"Pferd","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on zusammenbrachen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"zusammenbrachen","lemma":"zusammenbrechen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"depends on Pferde","gloss":"collapsed"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l7","source":"den Blick wegwerfend, bläkend das Gebiß,","translation":"flinging the gaze away, baring the teeth,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wegwerfend","title":"Present participles as adverbials","body":"wegwerfend, from separable wegwerfen, 'to throw away', and bläkend, from bläken, 'to bare', are present participles describing simultaneous actions, 'throwing away the gaze, baring the teeth'. den Blick is the accusative object of wegwerfend; das Gebiß means the set of teeth."}],"words":[{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Blick","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Blick","lemma":"Blick","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on wegwerfend","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"wegwerfend","lemma":"wegwerfen","morphology":"verb, present participle","role":"depends on Pferde","gloss":"flinging"},{"surface":"bläkend","lemma":"bläken","morphology":"verb, present participle","role":"depends on Pferde","gloss":"baring"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gebiß","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Gebiß","lemma":"Gebiß","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on bläkend","gloss":"teeth"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"die-rosenschale-s1-l8","source":"als schälte sich der Schädel aus dem Maule.","translation":"as if the skull were peeling itself out of the maw.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s1-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"als schälte sich","title":"als plus subjunctive for as if","body":"als here means 'as though' and takes the subjunctive with verb second word order, no ob needed: als schälte sich der Schädel means 'as though the skull were peeling itself'. schälte is the past subjunctive of schälen, 'to peel'. aus dem Maule is dative, Maul meaning an animal's mouth."}],"words":[{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on schälte","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"schälte","lemma":"schälen","morphology":"verb, past subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were peeling"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on schälte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Schädel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Schädel","lemma":"Schädel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on schälte","gloss":"skull"},{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on schälte","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Maule","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Maule","lemma":"Maul","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"maw"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l1","source":"Nun aber weißt du, wie sich das vergißt:","translation":"But now you know how that gets forgotten:","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wie sich das vergißt","title":"Reflexive without a named subject","body":"sich vergessen is used here in a middle voice sense: wie sich das vergißt means 'how that forgets itself', that is, 'how that gets forgotten', with no one named as doing the forgetting. vergißt is the older spelling of today's vergisst."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nun","lemma":"nun","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on weißt","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"aber","lemma":"aber","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on weißt","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"weißt","lemma":"wissen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know","note":"From wissen (\"to know\"), not weiß/weißen (\"white/whitewash\") — a common false friend."},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on weißt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on vergißt","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on vergißt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on vergißt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vergißt","lemma":"vergessen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on weißt","gloss":"gets forgotten"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l2","source":"denn vor dir steht die volle Rosenschale,","translation":"for before you stands the full bowl of roses,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Rosenschale","title":"Compound noun for rose bowl","body":"Rosenschale combines Rose and Schale into 'rose bowl', a shallow dish in which cut roses are arranged. Schale here means bowl or dish, not peel, though the two words are spelled alike."}],"words":[{"surface":"denn","lemma":"denn","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"dir","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"steht","lemma":"stehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Rosenschale","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"volle","lemma":"voll","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Rosenschale","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"Rosenschale","lemma":"Rosenschale","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"bowl of roses"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l3","source":"die unvergeßlich ist und angefüllt","translation":"which is unforgettable and brimmed full","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ist","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"unvergeßlich","lemma":"unvergeßlich","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"predicate adjective, depends on ist","gloss":"unforgettable"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates unvergeßlich and angefüllt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"angefüllt","lemma":"anfüllen","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"predicate adjective, depends on ist, coordinated with unvergeßlich","gloss":"brimmed full"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l4","source":"mit jenem Äußersten von Sein und Neigen,","translation":"with that utmost of being and inclining,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"jenem Äußersten","title":"Superlative used as a noun","body":"das Äußerste is the substantivized superlative of äußer-, 'the outermost, the utmost'. jenem Äußersten is dative after mit. Sein, 'being', and Neigen, 'inclining, leaning', are infinitives turned into nouns and joined by und."}],"words":[{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"jenem","lemma":"jener","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Äußersten","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Äußersten","lemma":"Äußerste","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"utmost"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Äußersten","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sein","lemma":"Sein","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Sein and Neigen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Neigen","lemma":"Neigen","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Sein, depends on von","gloss":"inclining"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l5","source":"Hinhalten, Niemals-Gebenkönnen, Dastehn,","translation":"holding-out, never-being-able-to-give, standing-there,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Niemals-Gebenkönnen","title":"Hyphenated noun coinages","body":"Rilke fuses phrases into single nouns: Hinhalten, 'holding out'; Niemals-Gebenkönnen, literally 'never being able to give'; Dastehn, 'standing there'. German lets infinitives and modal constructions become neuter nouns, and hyphens hold the longer coinages together as one word."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hinhalten","lemma":"Hinhalten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Äußersten (s2-l4)","gloss":"holding out"},{"surface":"Niemals-Gebenkönnen","lemma":"Niemals-Gebenkönnen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Hinhalten","gloss":"never being able to give"},{"surface":"Dastehn","lemma":"Dastehn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Hinhalten","gloss":"standing there"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"die-rosenschale-s2-l6","source":"das unser sein mag: Äußerstes auch uns.","translation":"that may be ours: an utmost for us too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s2-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"unser sein mag","title":"mögen expressing possibility","body":"mag, from mögen, here means 'may, might', expressing possibility rather than liking: das unser sein mag means 'that may be ours'. unser is the possessive used as a predicate, 'ours'. The closing phrase Äußerstes auch uns drops the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sein","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"unser","lemma":"unser","morphology":"pronoun, possessive, predicate","role":"predicate complement of sein","gloss":"ours"},{"surface":"sein","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on mag","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"mag","lemma":"mögen","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"Äußerstes","lemma":"Äußerstes","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to the preceding clause","gloss":"an utmost"},{"surface":"auch","lemma":"auch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on uns","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"uns","lemma":"wir","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on Äußerstes","gloss":"for us"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l1","source":"Lautloses Leben, Aufgehn ohne Ende,","translation":"Soundless life, opening without end,","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Aufgehn","title":"Verb for opening up","body":"aufgehn, short for aufgehen, means 'to open up, rise, come up', used of buds, dough, or the sun. As a noun, das Aufgehn means 'the opening, the unfolding'. lautlos means 'soundless'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lautloses","lemma":"lautlos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Leben","gloss":"soundless"},{"surface":"Leben","lemma":"Leben","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"Aufgehn","lemma":"Aufgehn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Leben","gloss":"opening"},{"surface":"ohne","lemma":"ohne","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Aufgehn","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"Ende","lemma":"Ende","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on ohne","gloss":"end"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l2","source":"Raum-brauchen, ohne Raum von jenem Raum","translation":"needing space, without taking space from that space","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Raum-brauchen","lemma":"Raum-brauchen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Aufgehn (s3-l1)","gloss":"needing space"},{"surface":"ohne","lemma":"ohne","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Raum-brauchen","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"Raum","lemma":"Raum","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on ohne","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Raum","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"jenem","lemma":"jener","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Raum","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Raum","lemma":"Raum","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"space"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l3","source":"zu nehmen, den die Dinge rings verringern,","translation":"which the things all around diminish,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ohne ... zu nehmen","title":"ohne plus zu and infinitive","body":"ohne Raum zu nehmen means 'without taking space'; ohne plus zu and an infinitive renders English 'without doing'. zu nehmen is held to the start of this line, separated from ohne by the line break. den ... verringern is a relative clause, 'which the things diminish'."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on nehmen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"nehmen","lemma":"nehmen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ohne (s3-l2)","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on verringern","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Dinge","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Dinge","lemma":"Ding","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of verringern","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"rings","lemma":"rings","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verringern","gloss":"all around"},{"surface":"verringern","lemma":"verringern","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the relative clause (den ... verringern)","gloss":"diminish"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l4","source":"fast nicht Umrissen-sein wie Ausgespartes","translation":"almost not being outlined, like something left blank","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ausgespartes","title":"Noun for something left blank","body":"From aussparen, 'to leave out, leave blank, reserve space'. das Ausgesparte means 'that which is left blank', like an untouched patch a painter saves. Umrissen-sein, a nouned passive meaning 'being outlined', is paired with it."}],"words":[{"surface":"fast","lemma":"fast","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nicht","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on Umrissen-sein","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Umrissen-sein","lemma":"Umrissen-sein","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Raum-brauchen (s3-l2)","gloss":"being outlined"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Ausgespartes","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Ausgespartes","lemma":"ausgesparte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"something left blank"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l5","source":"und lauter Inneres, viel seltsam Zartes","translation":"and nothing but inwardness, much strangely tender stuff","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lauter","title":"Indeclinable word for sheer","body":"lauter is indeclinable and means 'sheer, pure, nothing but, all'. lauter Inneres means 'nothing but inwardness'. Inneres and Zartes are substantivized adjectives, both neuter; seltsam means 'strange, strangely'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Inneres with the preceding list","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lauter","lemma":"lauter","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on Inneres","gloss":"nothing but"},{"surface":"Inneres","lemma":"Innere","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"inwardness"},{"surface":"viel","lemma":"viel","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on seltsam","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"seltsam","lemma":"seltsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Zartes","gloss":"strangely"},{"surface":"Zartes","lemma":"Zartes","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Inneres","gloss":"tender stuff"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l6","source":"und Sich-bescheinendes bis an den Rand:","translation":"and self-illumining things, right up to the brim:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sich-bescheinendes","title":"Reflexive participle turned noun","body":"bescheinen means 'to shine on, illuminate'. The reflexive present participle sich bescheinend, 'shining on itself', is hyphenated and nouned as Sich-bescheinendes, 'self-illumining things'. bis an den Rand means 'right up to the edge', accusative after an marking the limit reached."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Sich-bescheinendes with Zartes (s3-l5)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sich-bescheinendes","lemma":"Sich-bescheinende","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Zartes, depends on und","gloss":"self-illumining things"},{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on an","gloss":"right up to"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Sich-bescheinendes","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Rand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Rand","lemma":"Rand","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"brim"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l7","source":"ist irgend etwas uns bekannt wie dies?","translation":"is anything at all known to us like this?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"uns bekannt","title":"bekannt takes the dative","body":"bekannt, 'known, familiar', takes the dative of the person to whom something is known: uns bekannt means 'known to us'. irgend etwas means 'anything at all'. The verb ist stands first because this is a question."}],"words":[{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"irgend","lemma":"irgend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on etwas","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"etwas","lemma":"etwas","morphology":"pronoun, neuter","role":"subject of ist","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"uns","lemma":"wir","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on bekannt","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"bekannt","lemma":"bekannt","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on dies","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l8","source":"Und dann wie dies: daß ein Gefühl entsteht,","translation":"And then like this: that a feeling arises,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on entsteht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dann","lemma":"dann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on entsteht","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on dies","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on entsteht","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gefühl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Gefühl","lemma":"Gefühl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of entsteht","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"entsteht","lemma":"entstehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arises"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"die-rosenschale-s3-l9","source":"weil Blütenblätter Blütenblätter rühren?","translation":"because petals are touching petals?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s3-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Blütenblätter","title":"Same noun as subject and object","body":"Blütenblatt means 'petal', literally 'blossom leaf', plural Blütenblätter. The line uses the plural noun as both subject and object of rühren, 'to touch, stir', so it reads 'petals touch petals'."}],"words":[{"surface":"weil","lemma":"weil","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on rühren","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"Blütenblätter","lemma":"Blütenblatt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of rühren","gloss":"petals"},{"surface":"Blütenblätter","lemma":"Blütenblatt","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"object of rühren","gloss":"petals"},{"surface":"rühren","lemma":"rühren","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"touch"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l1","source":"Und dies: daß eins sich aufschlägt wie ein Lid,","translation":"And this: that one opens itself like an eyelid,","stanza":4,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich aufschlägt","title":"Separable verb with reflexive","body":"aufschlagen, 'to open, fling open', used of a book or an eye, is separable; with sich it means 'to open itself'. In this daß clause the verb stays whole and final, prefix attached. eins means 'one of them'; Lid means 'eyelid'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on dies","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"anticipates the daß-clause","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on aufschlägt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eins","lemma":"einer","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of aufschlägt","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on aufschlägt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"aufschlägt","lemma":"aufschlagen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"opens"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Lid","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lid","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Lid","lemma":"Lid","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"eyelid"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l2","source":"und drunter liegen lauter Augenlider,","translation":"and beneath lie nothing but eyelids,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drunter","lemma":"drunter","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on liegen","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"liegen","lemma":"liegen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"lauter","lemma":"lauter","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on Augenlider","gloss":"nothing but"},{"surface":"Augenlider","lemma":"Augenlid","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of liegen","gloss":"eyelids"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l3","source":"geschlossene, als ob sie zehnfach schlafend","translation":"closed ones, as though, tenfold asleep, they","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"als ob ... schlafend","title":"als ob for as though","body":"als ob introduces a hypothetical comparison, normally with subjunctive and verb final word order; here the clause runs over three lines and the finite verb hätten lands in the next line. zehnfach means 'tenfold'; schlafend is a present participle, 'sleeping'. geschlossene is the substantivized participle, 'closed ones'."}],"words":[{"surface":"geschlossene","lemma":"geschlossen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"in apposition to Augenlider (s4-l2)","gloss":"closed"},{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on hätten (s4-l4)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ob","lemma":"ob","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on hätten (s4-l4)","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hätten (s4-l4)","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"zehnfach","lemma":"zehnfach","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on schlafend","gloss":"tenfold"},{"surface":"schlafend","lemma":"schlafend","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicative adjunct, depends on hätten (s4-l4)","gloss":"asleep"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l4","source":"zu dämpfen hätten eines Innern Sehkraft.","translation":"had to dampen an inner being's power of sight.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zu dämpfen hätten","title":"haben zu plus infinitive","body":"hätten zu dämpfen means 'would have to dampen, muffle'; haben plus zu and an infinitive expresses what must be done, and hätten, a subjunctive form, carries the as though mood from als ob. eines Innern is genitive, 'of an inner being'; Sehkraft means 'power of sight'."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on dämpfen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dämpfen","lemma":"dämpfen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on hätten","gloss":"dampen"},{"surface":"hätten","lemma":"haben","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"eines","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Innern","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Innern","lemma":"Innere","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Sehkraft","gloss":"inner being's"},{"surface":"Sehkraft","lemma":"Sehkraft","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"object of dämpfen","gloss":"power of sight"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l5","source":"Und dies vor allem: daß durch diese Blätter","translation":"And this above all: that through these leaves","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on dies","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on dies","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"allem","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on muß (s4-l6)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase (durch diese Blätter)","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"diese","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Blätter","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Blätter","lemma":"Blatt","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"leaves"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l6","source":"das Licht hindurch muß. Aus den tausend Himmeln","translation":"the light must pass. Out of the thousand skies","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hindurch muß","title":"Modal verb with implied motion","body":"das Licht hindurch muß means 'the light must pass through'. German can drop the infinitive of motion after a modal, so muß ... hindurch implies hindurchgehen, 'must go through'. muß is the older spelling of today's muss."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Licht","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Licht","lemma":"Licht","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of muß","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"hindurch","lemma":"hindurch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on muß","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"muß","lemma":"müssen","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"Aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Himmeln","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tausend","lemma":"tausend","morphology":"numeral","role":"depends on Himmeln","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"Himmeln","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Aus","gloss":"skies"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l7","source":"filtern sie langsam jeden Tropfen Dunkel,","translation":"they slowly filter every drop of darkness,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"jeden Tropfen Dunkel","title":"Measure word plus substance","body":"jeden Tropfen Dunkel means 'every drop of darkness'. German places the measured substance directly after the measure word with no of or von: Tropfen Dunkel, 'drop of darkness'. Dunkel is the noun 'darkness'. The fronted phrase before it puts the verb before the subject, filtern sie."}],"words":[{"surface":"filtern","lemma":"filtern","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"filter"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of filtern","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"langsam","lemma":"langsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on filtern","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"jeden","lemma":"jeder","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Tropfen","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Tropfen","lemma":"Tropfen","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"object of filtern","gloss":"drop"},{"surface":"Dunkel","lemma":"Dunkel","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Tropfen","gloss":"darkness"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l8","source":"in dessen Feuerschein das wirre Bündel","translation":"in whose firelight the tangled cluster","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"in dessen Feuerschein","title":"Genitive form of the relative pronoun","body":"dessen is the genitive of the relative pronoun, 'whose', referring back to Tropfen Dunkel: in dessen Feuerschein means 'in whose firelight'. wirr means 'tangled, confused'."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on erregt (s4-l9)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dessen","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Feuerschein","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Feuerschein","lemma":"Feuerschein","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"firelight"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Bündel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"wirre","lemma":"wirr","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Bündel","gloss":"tangled"},{"surface":"Bündel","lemma":"Bündel","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of erregt (s4-l9)","gloss":"cluster"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"die-rosenschale-s4-l9","source":"der Staubgeläße sich erregt und aufbäumt.","translation":"of the stamens stirs and rears itself up.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s4-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich aufbäumt","title":"Reflexive separable verb for rearing","body":"sich aufbäumen means 'to rear up, rise up', as a horse rears. It is reflexive and separable, appearing whole and final here after und. der Staubgeläße is genitive plural, 'of the stamens', an archaic spelling of Staubgefäße."}],"words":[{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Staubgeläße","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Staubgeläße","lemma":"Staubgefäß","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Bündel (s4-l8)","gloss":"stamens","note":"Archaic/variant spelling of \"Staubgefäße\" (stamens)."},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on erregt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"erregt","lemma":"erregen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stirs"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on erregt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aufbäumt","lemma":"aufbäumen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"rears up"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"die-rosenschale-s5-l1","source":"Und die Bewegung in den Rosen, sieh:","translation":"And the movement in the roses, look:","stanza":5,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s5-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on sieh","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Bewegung","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Bewegung","lemma":"Bewegung","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"object of sieh","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Bewegung","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Rosen","lemma":"Rose","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"roses"},{"surface":"sieh","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"die-rosenschale-s5-l2","source":"Gebärden von so kleinem Ausschlagswinkel,","translation":"gestures of so small a swing of arc,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s5-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ausschlagswinkel","title":"Compound noun for angle of swing","body":"Ausschlagswinkel combines Ausschlag, 'deflection, swing', as of a pendulum or needle, with Winkel, 'angle', giving 'angle of deflection'. Gebärden means 'gestures'. The compound measures the roses' motion in precise, technical language."}],"words":[{"surface":"Gebärden","lemma":"Gebärde","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"in apposition to Bewegung (s5-l1)","gloss":"gestures"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Gebärden","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"so","lemma":"so","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kleinem","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"kleinem","lemma":"klein","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Ausschlagswinkel","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"Ausschlagswinkel","lemma":"Ausschlagswinkel","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"swing of arc"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"die-rosenschale-s5-l3","source":"daß sie unsichtbar blieben, liefen ihre","translation":"that they would stay invisible, did their","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s5-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"liefen ... nicht (next line)","title":"Conditional formed by inversion","body":"liefen ihre Strahlen nicht auseinander, completed in the next line, is a conditional clause formed by putting the subjunctive verb first instead of using wenn: liefen ... nicht means 'if they did not run'. blieben, 'would remain', is the paired main clause of this counterfactual."}],"words":[{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on blieben","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of blieben","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"unsichtbar","lemma":"unsichtbar","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on blieben","gloss":"invisible"},{"surface":"blieben","lemma":"bleiben","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"depends on liefen","gloss":"would stay"},{"surface":"liefen","lemma":"laufen","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would run"},{"surface":"ihre","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, nominative, plural","role":"depends on Strahlen (s5-l4)","gloss":"their"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"die-rosenschale-s5-l4","source":"Strahlen nicht auseinander in das Weltall.","translation":"rays not run apart into the universe.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s5-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"auseinanderlaufen","title":"Verb for running apart","body":"auseinander means 'apart, in different directions'; with laufen it gives 'to run, diverge apart'. It is split from its verb here: liefen ihre Strahlen ... auseinander. das Weltall means 'the universe'; in das Weltall is accusative, marking motion into it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Strahlen","lemma":"Strahl","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of liefen (s5-l3)","gloss":"rays"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on liefen (s5-l3)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"auseinander","lemma":"auseinander","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on liefen (s5-l3)","gloss":"apart"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on liefen (s5-l3)","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Weltall","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Weltall","lemma":"Weltall","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"universe"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l1","source":"Sieh jene weiße, die sich selig aufschlug","translation":"Look at that white one, which opened itself in bliss","stanza":6,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"selig","title":"Adjective for blissful","body":"selig means 'blissful, blessed', and of a deceased person, 'late'. sich selig aufschlug means 'opened itself blissfully'. jene weiße, 'that white one', is a substantivized adjective standing in for jene weiße Rose, 'that white rose'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sieh","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"jene","lemma":"jener","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on weiße","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"weiße","lemma":"weiße","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Sieh","gloss":"white one"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of aufschlug","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on aufschlug","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"selig","lemma":"selig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on aufschlug","gloss":"in bliss"},{"surface":"aufschlug","lemma":"aufschlagen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause","gloss":"opened"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l2","source":"und dasteht in den großen offnen Blättern","translation":"and stands there in its great open petals","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on dasteht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dasteht","lemma":"dastehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands there"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on dasteht","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Blättern","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"großen","lemma":"groß","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Blättern","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"offnen","lemma":"offen","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Blättern","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"Blättern","lemma":"Blatt","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"petals"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l3","source":"wie eine Venus aufrecht in der Muschel;","translation":"like a Venus upright in the shell;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Venus","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Venus","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Venus","lemma":"Venus","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"aufrecht","lemma":"aufrecht","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Venus","gloss":"upright"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Venus","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Muschel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Muschel","lemma":"Muschel","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"shell"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l4","source":"und die errötende, die wie verwirrt","translation":"and the blushing one, which as if confused","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die errötende","title":"Participle for blushing","body":"erröten means 'to blush, redden'; die errötende means 'the blushing one', a present participle turned into a noun and referring to a rose. verwirrt means 'confused, bewildered'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates with weiße (s6-l1)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on errötende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"errötende","lemma":"errötend","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with weiße, object of Sieh (s6-l1)","gloss":"blushing one"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hinüberwendet (s6-l5)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verwirrt","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"verwirrt","lemma":"verwirrt","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on hinüberwendet (s6-l5)","gloss":"confused"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l5","source":"nach einer kühlen sich hinüberwendet,","translation":"turns itself over toward a cool one,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich hinüberwenden","title":"Separable reflexive with dative object","body":"hinüberwenden, 'to turn over, across, toward', is separable; with sich it means 'to turn oneself over'. It governs nach plus dative: nach einer kühlen means 'toward a cool one'. The prefix hinüber- adds the sense 'over there, to the other side'."}],"words":[{"surface":"nach","lemma":"nach","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinüberwendet","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"einer","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on kühlen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kühlen","lemma":"kühle","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on nach","gloss":"cool one"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on hinüberwendet","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"hinüberwendet","lemma":"hinüberwenden","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turns over toward"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l6","source":"und wie die kühle fühllos sich zurückzieht,","translation":"and how the cool one, unfeeling, draws itself back,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich zurückzieht","title":"Verb for withdrawing","body":"zurückziehen, 'to pull back, withdraw', is separable; reflexive sich zurückziehen means 'to withdraw oneself, retreat'. fühllos means 'unfeeling, numb', built like an English '-less' word from Gefühl, 'feeling'. wie here means 'how'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates with hinüberwendet clause (s6-l5)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on zurückzieht","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on kühle","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"kühle","lemma":"kühle","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of zurückzieht","gloss":"cool one"},{"surface":"fühllos","lemma":"fühllos","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zurückzieht","gloss":"unfeeling"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on zurückzieht","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"zurückzieht","lemma":"zurückziehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (wie die kühle ... zurückzieht)","gloss":"draws back"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l7","source":"und wie die kalte steht, in sich gehüllt,","translation":"and how the cold one stands, wrapped in itself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"in sich gehüllt","title":"Past participle for wrapped","body":"hüllen means 'to wrap, shroud'; gehüllt is its past participle. in sich gehüllt means 'wrapped, enfolded in itself', standing as a predicate describing die kalte, 'the cold one'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on kalte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"kalte","lemma":"kalte","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of steht","gloss":"cold one"},{"surface":"steht","lemma":"stehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on gehüllt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on in","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"gehüllt","lemma":"hüllen","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"wrapped"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l8","source":"unter den offenen, die alles abtun.","translation":"among the open ones, which cast everything off.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"abtun","title":"Separable verb for casting off","body":"abtun is separable and means 'to take off, lay aside, do away with, dismiss'. die alles abtun means 'which put everything off'. The verb introduces what a rose's open petals lay aside next."}],"words":[{"surface":"unter","lemma":"unter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on steht (s6-l7)","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on offenen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"offenen","lemma":"offen","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on unter","gloss":"open ones"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"subject of abtun","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"alles","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on abtun","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"abtun","lemma":"abtun","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the relative clause","gloss":"cast off"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l9","source":"Und was sie abtun, wie das leicht und schwer,","translation":"And what they cast off — how that is light and heavy,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on abtun","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, relative, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on abtun","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of abtun","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"abtun","lemma":"abtun","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cast off"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on das","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on leicht","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"leicht","lemma":"leicht","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on das","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on leicht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"schwer","lemma":"schwer","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on und","gloss":"heavy"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l10","source":"wie es ein Mantel, eine Last, ein Flügel","translation":"how it can be a coat, a burden, a wing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on kann (s6-l11)","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kann (s6-l11)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Mantel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Mantel","lemma":"Mantel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sein (s6-l11)","gloss":"coat"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Last","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Last","lemma":"Last","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Mantel, predicate complement of sein (s6-l11)","gloss":"burden"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Flügel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Flügel","lemma":"Flügel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Mantel, predicate complement of sein (s6-l11)","gloss":"wing"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l11","source":"und eine Maske sein kann, je nachdem,","translation":"and a mask, depending,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"je nachdem","title":"Depending on the case","body":"je nachdem means 'depending, as the case may be'. It closes the list Mantel, Last, Flügel, Maske, coat, burden, wing, mask, saying that which one fits varies. sein kann means 'can be'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Maske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Maske","lemma":"Maske","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sein, coordinated with Flügel (s6-l10)","gloss":"mask"},{"surface":"sein","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"kann","lemma":"können","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"je","lemma":"je","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nachdem","gloss":"depending"},{"surface":"nachdem","lemma":"nachdem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kann","gloss":"on the case"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"die-rosenschale-s6-l12","source":"und wie sie's abtun: wie vor dem Geliebten.","translation":"and how they cast it off: as before the beloved.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s6-l12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"der Geliebte","title":"A nominalized adjective","body":"der Geliebte is 'the beloved one', a nominalized participle of lieben that declines like an adjective. vor dem Geliebten is dative, 'before the beloved'. sie's contracts sie es, 'they it'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates with kann (s6-l11)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on abtun","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of abtun","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"'s","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on abtun","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"abtun","lemma":"abtun","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"cast off"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Geliebten","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Geliebten","lemma":"Geliebter","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"beloved"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l1","source":"Was können sie nicht sein: war jene gelbe,","translation":"What can they not be: was that yellow one,","stanza":7,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on sein","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"können","lemma":"können","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence (Was können sie nicht sein)","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of können","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on können","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sein","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on können","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"war","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"jene","lemma":"jener","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on gelbe","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gelbe","lemma":"gelb","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of war","gloss":"yellow one"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l2","source":"die hohl und offen daliegt, nicht die Schale","translation":"which lies there hollow and open, not the rind","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die Schale","title":"Bowl or peel","body":"Schale means both 'bowl, dish' and 'peel, rind, husk, shell'. Here it shifts from the earlier Rosenschale sense to 'rind', as in die Schale von einer Frucht, 'the rind of a fruit'."}],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of daliegt","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"hohl","lemma":"hohl","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on daliegt","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on hohl","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"offen","lemma":"offen","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on und","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"daliegt","lemma":"daliegen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause","gloss":"lies there"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on Schale (negates the predicate)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Schale","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Schale","lemma":"Schale","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of war (s7-l1), coordinated as alternative to gelbe","gloss":"rind"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l3","source":"von einer Frucht, darin dasselbe Gelb,","translation":"of a fruit, in which the same yellow,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"darin","title":"A fused pronominal adverb","body":"darin fuses da and in, replacing 'in' plus a pronoun for things: 'in it, in which'. It refers back to Schale von einer Frucht. dasselbe Gelb means 'the same yellow'."}],"words":[{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Schale (s7-l2)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"einer","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Frucht","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Frucht","lemma":"Frucht","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"fruit"},{"surface":"darin","lemma":"darin","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on war (s7-l4)","gloss":"in which"},{"surface":"dasselbe","lemma":"derselbe","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gelb","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"Gelb","lemma":"Gelb","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of war (s7-l4)","gloss":"yellow"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l4","source":"gesammelter, orangeröter, Saft war?","translation":"gathered, more orange-red, was juice?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gesammelter, orangeröter","title":"Comparatives in apposition","body":"gesammelter and orangeröter are comparative adjectives, 'more gathered' and 'more orange red', placed in apposition to Saft, 'juice'. The clause inverts, ending in war, 'was', forming a question."}],"words":[{"surface":"gesammelter","lemma":"gesammelt","morphology":"adjective, comparative, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Saft","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"orangeröter","lemma":"orangerot","morphology":"adjective, comparative, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Saft","gloss":"more orange-red"},{"surface":"Saft","lemma":"Saft","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"predicate noun of war","gloss":"juice"},{"surface":"war","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l5","source":"Und wars für diese schon zu viel, das Aufgehn,","translation":"And was it already too much for this one, the opening,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wars","title":"A contraction of war es","body":"wars contracts war es, 'was it'. für diese means 'for this one'; schon zu viel means 'already too much'. The delayed subject das Aufgehn, 'the opening', names what was too much."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on wars","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"wars","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was it","note":"Contraction of \"war es\" (was it)."},{"surface":"für","lemma":"für","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wars","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"diese","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on für","gloss":"this one"},{"surface":"schon","lemma":"schon","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on viel","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on viel","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"viel","lemma":"viel","morphology":"adjective, predicate","role":"depends on wars","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Aufgehn","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Aufgehn","lemma":"Aufgehn","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to es (w2), explains the subject","gloss":"opening"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l6","source":"weil an der Luft ihr namenloses Rosa","translation":"because in the air its nameless pink","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"an der Luft","title":"In the open air","body":"an der Luft means 'in the open air, exposed to the air', dative after an for location. namenlos means 'nameless'; Rosa is the neuter noun for 'pink'. ihr means 'its', referring to the rose."}],"words":[{"surface":"weil","lemma":"weil","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on annahm (s7-l7)","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on annahm (s7-l7)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Luft","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Luft","lemma":"Luft","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"ihr","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Rosa","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"namenloses","lemma":"namenlos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Rosa","gloss":"nameless"},{"surface":"Rosa","lemma":"Rosa","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of annahm (s7-l7)","gloss":"pink"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l7","source":"den bittern Nachgeschmack des Lila annahm?","translation":"took on the bitter aftertaste of lilac?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"annahm","title":"To take something on","body":"annehmen means 'to take on, assume, adopt', here of a color. Its past nahm ... an stays whole and final in this weil clause: den ... Nachgeschmack ... annahm. Nachgeschmack means 'aftertaste'; des Lila is genitive, 'of lilac'."}],"words":[{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Nachgeschmack","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bittern","lemma":"bitter","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Nachgeschmack","gloss":"bitter"},{"surface":"Nachgeschmack","lemma":"Nachgeschmack","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"object of annahm","gloss":"aftertaste"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Lila","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Lila","lemma":"Lila","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Nachgeschmack","gloss":"lilac"},{"surface":"annahm","lemma":"annehmen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took on"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l8","source":"Und die batistene, ist sie kein Kleid,","translation":"And the cambric one, is it not a dress,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die batistene","title":"Made of cambric","body":"Batist means 'batiste, cambric', a fine sheer linen; the adjective batisten means 'made of cambric'. die batistene means 'the cambric one', a rose. kein Kleid negates the noun: 'not a dress'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on batistene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"batistene","lemma":"batisten","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ist","gloss":"cambric one"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ist (referring to batistene)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kein","lemma":"kein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Kleid","gloss":"not a"},{"surface":"Kleid","lemma":"Kleid","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate noun of ist","gloss":"dress"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l9","source":"in dem noch zart und atemwarm das Hemd steckt,","translation":"in which the shift still sticks, tender and warm with breath,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"atemwarm","title":"Warm with breath","body":"atemwarm compounds Atem, 'breath', and warm, so 'warm with breath'. Hemd here means 'shift, chemise', not just 'shirt'. steckt, from stecken, means 'sticks, is lodged', with Hemd as its subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on steckt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in (relative pronoun, antecedent outside this batch)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"noch","lemma":"noch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zart","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"zart","lemma":"zart","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Hemd (predicate adjective)","gloss":"tender"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on zart","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"atemwarm","lemma":"atemwarm","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Hemd (predicate adjective)","gloss":"breath-warm"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Hemd","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Hemd","lemma":"Hemd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of steckt","gloss":"shift","note":"stecken here is intransitive ('to be lodged/stuck'), so Hemd is the subject, not an object."},{"surface":"steckt","lemma":"stecken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sticks"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l10","source":"mit dem zugleich es abgeworfen wurde","translation":"with which at once it was thrown off","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"abgeworfen wurde","title":"Passive with werden","body":"es ... abgeworfen wurde means 'it was thrown off', formed with the werden passive in the past: wurde plus the past participle abgeworfen, from separable abwerfen, 'to cast off'. mit dem is a dative relative, 'with which'; zugleich means 'at the same time'."}],"words":[{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on abgeworfen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on mit (relative pronoun, antecedent outside this batch)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"zugleich","lemma":"zugleich","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on abgeworfen","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of wurde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"abgeworfen","lemma":"abwerfen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on wurde","gloss":"thrown off"},{"surface":"wurde","lemma":"werden","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (passive auxiliary)","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l11","source":"im Morgenschatten an dem alten Waldbad?","translation":"in the morning shadow at the old forest pool?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Waldbad","title":"Forest bathing place","body":"Waldbad compounds Wald, 'forest', and Bad, 'bathing place', so 'woodland pool'. im Morgenschatten is dative after in, 'in the morning shadow'; an dem alten Waldbad is dative after an, 'at the old forest pool'."}],"words":[{"surface":"im","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"in the"},{"surface":"Morgenschatten","lemma":"Morgenschatten","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on im","gloss":"morning shadow"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"parallel to im (coordinated adverbial)","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Waldbad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alten","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Waldbad","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Waldbad","lemma":"Waldbad","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"forest pool"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l12","source":"Und dieses hier, opalnes Porzellan,","translation":"And this one here, opaline porcelain,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"opalnes Porzellan","title":"Opal colored porcelain","body":"opalen, spelled opalnes here, means 'opaline, opal like', milky and iridescent. Porzellan means 'porcelain, china'. Both are nominative neuter, in apposition to dieses, 'this one'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Porzellan","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dieses","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Porzellan","gloss":"this one"},{"surface":"hier","lemma":"hier","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on dieses","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"opalnes","lemma":"opalen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Porzellan","gloss":"opaline"},{"surface":"Porzellan","lemma":"Porzellan","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase (in apposition to dieses)","gloss":"porcelain"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l13","source":"zerbrechlich, eine flache Chinatasse","translation":"fragile, a shallow china cup","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"zerbrechlich","lemma":"zerbrechlich","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on Porzellan (s7-l12, predicate adjective)","gloss":"fragile"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Chinatasse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"flache","lemma":"flach","morphology":"adjective, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Chinatasse","gloss":"shallow"},{"surface":"Chinatasse","lemma":"Chinatasse","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase (in apposition to Porzellan)","gloss":"china cup"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l14","source":"und angefüllt mit kleinen hellen Faltern,–","translation":"and filled with little bright moths,–","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l14.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Falter","title":"One word for moth or butterfly","body":"Falter means 'butterfly or moth', using the same form for singular and plural; here it appears as the dative plural Faltern after mit. angefüllt mit means 'filled, brimmed with'. hell means 'bright, pale, light'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Chinatasse (s7-l13)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"angefüllt","lemma":"anfüllen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on und","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on angefüllt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"kleinen","lemma":"klein","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Faltern","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"hellen","lemma":"hell","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Faltern","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"Faltern,–","lemma":"Falter","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"moths"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"die-rosenschale-s7-l15","source":"und jene da, die nichts enthält als sich?","translation":"and that one there, which holds nothing but itself?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s7-l15.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nichts ... als sich","title":"Nothing but, nothing except","body":"nichts ... als means 'nothing but, nothing except'. die nichts enthält als sich means 'which holds nothing but itself'. enthalten means 'to contain, hold'; sich here is the reflexive 'itself'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on enthält","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jene","lemma":"jener","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"that one"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on jene","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of enthält","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nichts","lemma":"nichts","morphology":"pronoun, neuter","role":"depends on enthält","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"enthält","lemma":"enthalten","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"als","lemma":"als","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on sich","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on als","gloss":"itself"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l1","source":"Und sind nicht alle so, nur sich enthaltend,","translation":"And are not all of them so, only containing themselves,","stanza":8,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich enthaltend","title":"Reflexive present participle","body":"sich enthaltend means 'containing themselves', the present participle of enthalten with the reflexive sich. nur means 'only'. sind nicht alle so asks, 'are they not all like this'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sind","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"so","lemma":"so","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nur","lemma":"nur","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sich","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on enthaltend","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"enthaltend","lemma":"enthalten","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on sind","gloss":"containing"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l2","source":"wenn Sich-enthalten heißt: die Welt da draußen","translation":"if self-containing means: the world out there","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sich-enthalten heißt","title":"A verb meaning to signify","body":"heißen here means 'to mean, signify': wenn Sich-enthalten heißt means 'if self containing means'. Sich-enthalten is the reflexive infinitive turned into a hyphenated noun, 'self containment'."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on heißt","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Sich-enthalten","lemma":"Sich-enthalten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of heißt","gloss":"self-containing"},{"surface":"heißt","lemma":"heißen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (governs the infinitive zu verwandeln, s8-l8)","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Welt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Welt","lemma":"Welt","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, object of the infinitive)","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on draußen","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"draußen","lemma":"draußen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Welt","gloss":"outside"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l3","source":"und Wind und Regen und Geduld des Frühlings","translation":"and wind and rain and the patience of spring","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, coordinated with Welt)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Wind","lemma":"Wind","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Wind","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Regen","lemma":"Regen","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Regen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Geduld","lemma":"Geduld","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"patience"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Frühlings","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Frühlings","lemma":"Frühling","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Geduld","gloss":"spring"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l4","source":"und Schuld und Unruh und vermummtes Schicksal","translation":"and guilt and unrest and muffled fate","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vermummt","title":"Muffled or disguised","body":"vermummen means 'to muffle up, disguise, mask'; vermummt means 'masked, muffled, hooded'. vermummtes Schicksal means 'muffled fate'. Unruh is a clipped form of Unruhe, 'unrest'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, coordinated with Welt)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Schuld","lemma":"Schuld","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"guilt"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Schuld","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Unruh","lemma":"Unruh","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"unrest"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Unruh","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vermummtes","lemma":"vermummt","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Schicksal","gloss":"muffled"},{"surface":"Schicksal","lemma":"Schicksal","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"fate"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l5","source":"und Dunkelheit der abendlichen Erde","translation":"and the darkness of the evening earth","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, coordinated with Welt)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Dunkelheit","lemma":"Dunkelheit","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Erde","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"abendlichen","lemma":"abendlich","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Erde","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"Erde","lemma":"Erde","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Dunkelheit","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l6","source":"bis auf der Wolken Wandel, Flucht und Anflug,","translation":"down to the clouds' shifting, flight and approach,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"der Wolken Wandel","title":"A genitive placed before its noun","body":"der Wolken is the genitive plural of Wolke, 'cloud': 'of the clouds'. Placed before its noun, der Wolken Wandel means 'the clouds' change'. bis auf here means 'down to, including'. Wandel means 'change', Flucht 'flight', Anflug 'approach'."}],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"down to"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, adverbial extent)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Wolken","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Wolken","lemma":"Wolke","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Wandel","gloss":"clouds'"},{"surface":"Wandel","lemma":"Wandel","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"shifting"},{"surface":"Flucht","lemma":"Flucht","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Wandel","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Flucht","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Anflug","lemma":"Anflug","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"approach"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l7","source":"bis auf den vagen Einfluß ferner Sterne","translation":"down to the vague influence of distant stars","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Einfluß","title":"The word for influence","body":"Einfluß, today spelled Einfluss, means 'influence', literally 'in flowing'. der vage Einfluß ferner Sterne means 'the vague influence of distant stars', with ferner Sterne a genitive plural."}],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"down to"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verwandeln (s8-l8, adverbial extent)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Einfluß","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vagen","lemma":"vage","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Einfluß","gloss":"vague"},{"surface":"Einfluß","lemma":"Einfluß","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"influence"},{"surface":"ferner","lemma":"fern","morphology":"adjective, genitive, plural","role":"depends on Sterne","gloss":"distant"},{"surface":"Sterne","lemma":"Stern","morphology":"noun, genitive, plural","role":"depends on Einfluß","gloss":"stars"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"die-rosenschale-s8-l8","source":"in eine Hand voll Innres zu verwandeln?","translation":"into a handful of inwardness to transform?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s8-l8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zu verwandeln","title":"The delayed final infinitive","body":"verwandeln in plus accusative means 'to transform into'. This zu verwandeln completes heißt ... zu verwandeln, 'means to transform into a handful of inwardness'. Innres is a short form of Inneres, 'inwardness'."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verwandeln","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Hand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Hand","lemma":"Hand","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"handful"},{"surface":"voll","lemma":"voll","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Hand","gloss":"full of"},{"surface":"Innres","lemma":"Inneres","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on voll","gloss":"inwardness"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on verwandeln","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"verwandeln","lemma":"verwandeln","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (infinitive governed by heißt, s8-l2)","gloss":"transform"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"die-rosenschale-s9-l1","source":"Nun liegt es sorglos in den offnen Rosen.","translation":"Now it lies, free of care, in the open roses.","stanza":9,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/die-rosenschale-s9-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sorglos","title":"Care plus the suffix -los","body":"sorglos combines Sorge, 'care, worry', with the suffix -los, '-less', so 'carefree, free of care'. es refers back to the handful of inwardness named in the previous line. offnen is a short form of offenen, 'open'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nun","lemma":"nun","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on liegt","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"liegt","lemma":"liegen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of liegt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sorglos","lemma":"sorglos","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on liegt","gloss":"free of care"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on liegt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"offnen","lemma":"offen","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Rosen","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"Rosen","lemma":"Rose","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on in","gloss":"roses"}]}]}