{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"falkenbeize","title":{"source":"Falkenbeize","translated":"Falconry"},"section":"New Poems: The Other Part","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/falkenbeize","lines":22},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/der-abenteurer-i-ii","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/corrida","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"falkenbeize-s1-l1","source":"Kaiser sein heißt unverwandelt vieles","translation":"To be emperor means, unaltered, to endure","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Kaiser sein heißt","title":"Heißen can mean to amount to","body":"An infinitive phrase as subject: Kaiser sein, 'to be emperor', is the subject, and heißt here means 'means, amounts to', not 'is called'. unverwandelt, 'unchanged', is fronted before its verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Kaiser","lemma":"Kaiser","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on sein","gloss":"emperor"},{"surface":"sein","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on heißt","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"heißt","lemma":"heißen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"unverwandelt","lemma":"unverwandelt","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on überstehen","gloss":"unaltered"},{"surface":"vieles","lemma":"viel","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on überstehen","gloss":"much"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"falkenbeize-s1-l2","source":"überstehen bei geheimer Tat:","translation":"much amid secret labor:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"überstehen","title":"To come through, to endure","body":"überstehen means 'to withstand, get through, survive' an ordeal. Its object reaches back across the line break: vieles überstehen, 'to endure much'. bei geheimer Tat means 'amid secret labor'."}],"words":[{"surface":"überstehen","lemma":"überstehen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on heißt","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"bei","lemma":"bei","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on überstehen","gloss":"amid"},{"surface":"geheimer","lemma":"geheim","morphology":"adjective, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Tat","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"Tat","lemma":"Tat","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on bei","gloss":"labor"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"falkenbeize-s1-l3","source":"wenn der Kanzler nachts den Turm betrat,","translation":"when the chancellor entered the tower at night,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"wenn der Kanzler … betrat","title":"Wenn sends the verb last","body":"wenn, 'when', is a subordinating conjunction, so its finite verb is pushed to the end of the clause: wenn der Kanzler nachts den Turm betrat, 'when the chancellor entered the tower at night'."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on betrat","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Kanzler","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kanzler","lemma":"Kanzler","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on betrat","gloss":"chancellor"},{"surface":"nachts","lemma":"nachts","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on betrat","gloss":"at night"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Turm","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Turm","lemma":"Turm","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on betrat","gloss":"tower"},{"surface":"betrat","lemma":"betreten","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"entered"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"falkenbeize-s1-l4","source":"fand er ihn, des hohen Federspieles","translation":"he found him dictating, of the high sport of feathers","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fand er ihn","title":"Inversion after a wenn-clause","body":"Because the whole wenn-clause fills the first position, the main verb fand, 'found', comes next and the subject er follows: verb-second inversion. fand er ihn … sagen means 'found him dictating'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"des hohen Federspieles","title":"A genitive with an old ending","body":"des hohen Federspieles is genitive, 'of the high falconry', with the old genitive ending -es on Federspiel. das Federspiel, literally 'the feather-play', names hawking itself."}],"words":[{"surface":"fand","lemma":"finden","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on fand","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ihn","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on fand","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Federspieles","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"hohen","lemma":"hoch","morphology":"adjective, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Federspieles","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"Federspieles","lemma":"Federspiel","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Traktat","gloss":"falconry","note":"'Federspiel' (lit. 'feather-play') is falconry; 'des hohen Federspieles' = 'of the high sport of falconry.'"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"falkenbeize-s1-l5","source":"kühnen fürstlichen Traktat","translation":"the bold, princely treatise","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s1-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Traktat","title":"A formal treatise","body":"der Traktat is a formal treatise or learned tract. It is the accusative object of sagen in the next stanza, what the emperor dictates to the scribe."}],"words":[{"surface":"kühnen","lemma":"kühn","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Traktat","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"fürstlichen","lemma":"fürstlich","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Traktat","gloss":"princely"},{"surface":"Traktat","lemma":"Traktat","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on fand","gloss":"treatise"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"falkenbeize-s2-l1","source":"in den eingeneigten Schreiber sagen;","translation":"into the bent-attentive scribe;","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"eingeneigt","title":"Bent inward, attentive","body":"eingeneigt is a rare past participle of einneigen, 'inclined, bent inward', describing the scribe leaning in over his page. in den … Schreiber sagen means 'to say into the scribe'."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on sagen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Schreiber","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"eingeneigten","lemma":"eingeneigt","morphology":"adjective, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Schreiber","gloss":"bent-attentive"},{"surface":"Schreiber","lemma":"Schreiber","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"scribe"},{"surface":"sagen","lemma":"sagen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on fand","gloss":"dictate"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"falkenbeize-s2-l2","source":"denn er hatte im entlegnen Saale","translation":"for in the remote hall he had,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"denn","title":"A coordinating for","body":"denn, 'for, because', is a coordinating conjunction, so unlike weil it does not send the verb to the end: normal verb-second order follows. denn er hatte … getragen is a pluperfect."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"im entlegnen Saale","title":"A remote hall","body":"der Saal is a large hall or chamber, plural Säle; entlegen means 'remote, out of the way, secluded'. im entlegnen Saale, dative, keeps the old dative -e on Saale."}],"words":[{"surface":"denn","lemma":"denn","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hatte","lemma":"haben","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"im","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition, contraction of in + dem","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"in the"},{"surface":"entlegnen","lemma":"entlegen","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Saale","gloss":"remote"},{"surface":"Saale","lemma":"Saal","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on im","gloss":"hall"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"falkenbeize-s2-l3","source":"selber nächtelang und viele Male","translation":"night-long and many times himself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"nächtelang","title":"Night after night","body":"nächtelang, 'night after night, for nights on end', is built from Nächte, the plural of Nacht, plus -lang, the same pattern as tagelang, 'for days', or stundenlang, 'for hours'."}],"words":[{"surface":"selber","lemma":"selber","morphology":"pronoun, intensifying","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"nächtelang","lemma":"nächtelang","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on getragen","gloss":"night-long"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on nächtelang","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"viele","lemma":"viel","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Male","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"Male","lemma":"Mal","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"times"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"falkenbeize-s2-l4","source":"das noch ungewohnte Tier getragen,","translation":"borne the still-unaccustomed creature,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s2-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das noch ungewohnte Tier","title":"Still not used to it","body":"ungewohnt means 'unaccustomed, not yet used to something'; with noch, 'still', it modifies Tier, 'creature'. getragen, the past participle of tragen, completes the pluperfect hatte … getragen."}],"words":[{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Tier","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noch","lemma":"noch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ungewohnte","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ungewohnte","lemma":"ungewohnt","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Tier","gloss":"unaccustomed"},{"surface":"Tier","lemma":"Tier","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on getragen","gloss":"creature"},{"surface":"getragen","lemma":"tragen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"borne"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l1","source":"wenn es fremd war, neu und aufgebräut.","translation":"when it was strange, new and freshly brought to hand.","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"aufgebräut","title":"A falconry term","body":"aufgebräut, also aufbräuen, is a technical term from German falconry: to break a newly caught hawk to the fist by carrying and waking it until it grows calm."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on war","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"es","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on war","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fremd","lemma":"fremd","morphology":"adjective, predicative","role":"depends on war","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"war","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"adjective, predicative","role":"depends on war","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on neu","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aufgebräut","lemma":"aufgebräut","morphology":"adjective, predicative","role":"depends on und","gloss":"brought to hand"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l2","source":"Und er hatte dann sich nie gescheut,","translation":"And he had then never shrunk","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich … scheuen","title":"Reflexive verb plus zu-infinitive","body":"sich scheuen is reflexive, 'to shy away from, shrink from, hesitate to do something'; it takes a zu-infinitive, here zu verachten four lines on. hatte … sich nie gescheut is pluperfect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hatte","lemma":"haben","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dann","lemma":"dann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gescheut","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on gescheut","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"nie","lemma":"nie","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gescheut","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"gescheut","lemma":"scheuen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on hatte","gloss":"shrunk"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l3","source":"Pläne, welche in ihm aufgesprungen","translation":"plans that had sprung up in him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aufgesprungen","title":"A separable verb as participle","body":"aufspringen, 'to spring up, leap up, burst open', is a separable verb; as a past participle the prefix auf- fuses back on: aufgesprungen. welche is a relative pronoun for die."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pläne","lemma":"Plan","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on verachten","gloss":"plans"},{"surface":"welche","lemma":"welcher","morphology":"relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on aufgesprungen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on aufgesprungen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ihm","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"aufgesprungen","lemma":"aufspringen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Pläne","gloss":"sprung up"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l4","source":"oder zärtlicher Erinnerungen","translation":"or the deep, deep inward chime","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zärtlicher Erinnerungen","title":"Genitive plural of memories","body":"zärtlicher Erinnerungen is genitive plural, 'of tender memories', depending on Geläut two lines later. zärtlich means 'tender, gentle, loving'; Erinnerung is 'memory, recollection', here plural after oder."}],"words":[{"surface":"oder","lemma":"oder","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Pläne","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"zärtlicher","lemma":"zärtlich","morphology":"adjective, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Erinnerungen","gloss":"tender"},{"surface":"Erinnerungen","lemma":"Erinnerung","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Geläut","gloss":"of memories"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l5","source":"tieftiefinneres Geläut","translation":"of tender memories","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tieftiefinneres Geläut","title":"A coined compound, deep and inner","body":"das Geläut is the pealing or ringing of bells. tieftiefinneres is a coined compound, tief, 'deep', doubled and joined to inner, 'inner': 'deep-deep-inmost', modifying Geläut."}],"words":[{"surface":"tieftiefinneres","lemma":"tieftiefinner","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Geläut","gloss":"deep deep inward"},{"surface":"Geläut","lemma":"Geläut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on verachten","gloss":"chime"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"falkenbeize-s3-l6","source":"zu verachten, um des bangen jungen","translation":"to despise — for the sake of the anxious young","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s3-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"verachten … um … willen","title":"A wrap-around for the sake of","body":"verachten, 'to despise, scorn, disregard', is the infinitive completing hatte sich nie gescheut zu. um … willen means 'for the sake of' and wraps a genitive: um des bangen jungen Falken willen."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on verachten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"verachten","lemma":"verachten","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on gescheut","gloss":"despise"},{"surface":"um","lemma":"um","morphology":"preposition (part of um...willen)","role":"depends on willen","gloss":"for the sake of"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on jungen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bangen","lemma":"bang","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on jungen","gloss":"anxious"},{"surface":"jungen","lemma":"jung","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Falken","gloss":"young"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l1","source":"Falken willen, dessen Blut und Sorgen","translation":"falcon, whose blood and cares","stanza":4,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dessen Blut und Sorgen","title":"Genitive relative pronoun whose","body":"dessen is the masculine or neuter genitive relative pronoun, 'whose'. dessen Blut und Sorgen means 'whose blood and cares', referring back to des … Falken."}],"words":[{"surface":"Falken","lemma":"Falke","morphology":"noun, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on um","gloss":"falcon","note":"'um...jungen Falken willen' (spanning two lines) = 'for the sake of the anxious young falcon.'"},{"surface":"willen","lemma":"willen","morphology":"postposition","role":"depends on Falken","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"dessen","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative determiner, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Blut","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Blut","lemma":"Blut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Falken","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Blut","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sorgen","lemma":"Sorge","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on und","gloss":"cares"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l2","source":"zu begreifen er sich nicht erließ.","translation":"he did not let himself off from grasping.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich … erließ","title":"To let oneself off something","body":"sich etwas erlassen means 'to let oneself off something, spare oneself a duty'; negated here, er sich nicht erließ means 'he did not excuse himself'. erließ is the past of erlassen."}],"words":[{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on begreifen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"begreifen","lemma":"begreifen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on erließ","gloss":"grasp"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on erließ","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on erließ","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on erließ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"erließ","lemma":"erlassen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"excused"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l3","source":"Dafür war er auch wie mitgehoben,","translation":"For this he too was, as it were, borne aloft with it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Dafür","title":"A pronominal adverb, in return","body":"dafür, 'for that, in return for this', is a pronominal adverb bundling up everything before it. Placed first, it triggers verb-second inversion: Dafür war er. mitgehoben means 'lifted along'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dafür","lemma":"dafür","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on war","gloss":"For this"},{"surface":"war","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on war","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"auch","lemma":"auch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mitgehoben","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"comparative conjunction","role":"depends on mitgehoben","gloss":"as it were"},{"surface":"mitgehoben","lemma":"mitheben","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on war","gloss":"borne aloft"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l4","source":"wenn der Vogel, den die Herren loben,","translation":"when the bird, whom the lords praise,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"den die Herren loben","title":"A relative clause, whom they praise","body":"den is the masculine accusative relative pronoun, 'whom', object of loben, 'to praise': den die Herren loben, 'whom the lords praise'. The verb loben falls to the clause's end."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on stieß","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Vogel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Vogel","lemma":"Vogel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on stieß","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on loben","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Herren","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herr","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on loben","gloss":"lords"},{"surface":"loben","lemma":"loben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"depends on Vogel","gloss":"praise"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l5","source":"glänzend von der Hand geworfen, oben","translation":"flung gleaming from the hand, above","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"von der Hand geworfen","title":"A participle phrase set apart","body":"geworfen, past participle of werfen, 'to throw, cast, fling', heads a participial phrase around der Vogel. von der Hand means 'from the hand'; glänzend, 'gleaming', is an adverbial participle."}],"words":[{"surface":"glänzend","lemma":"glänzend","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geworfen","gloss":"gleaming"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on geworfen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Hand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Hand","lemma":"Hand","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"geworfen","lemma":"werfen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Vogel","gloss":"flung"},{"surface":"oben","lemma":"oben","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geworfen","gloss":"above"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l6","source":"in dem mitgefühlten Frühlingsmorgen","translation":"into the keenly felt spring morning","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mitgefühlt","title":"Felt along with, shared feeling","body":"mitgefühlt is a participle built on mitfühlen, 'to feel with, to sympathize'. The mit- echoes mitgehoben three lines earlier. der Frühlingsmorgen means 'spring morning', dative after in dem."}],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on stieß","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Frühlingsmorgen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mitgefühlten","lemma":"mitgefühlt","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Frühlingsmorgen","gloss":"keenly felt"},{"surface":"Frühlingsmorgen","lemma":"Frühlingsmorgen","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"spring morning"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"falkenbeize-s4-l7","source":"wie ein Engel auf den Reiher stieß.","translation":"struck like an angel upon the heron.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/falkenbeize-s4-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"auf den Reiher stieß","title":"Stoßen auf takes the accusative","body":"stoßen auf is the falconer's word for a hawk's stoop, to plunge down and strike at prey; with auf it takes the accusative den Reiher, 'the heron'. stieß is the past of stoßen."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"comparative conjunction","role":"depends on Engel","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Engel","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Engel","lemma":"Engel","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on stieß","gloss":"angel"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on stieß","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Reiher","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Reiher","lemma":"Reiher","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"heron"},{"surface":"stieß","lemma":"stoßen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struck"}]}]}