{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"sappho-an-alkaios","title":{"source":"Sappho an Alkaïos","translated":"Sappho to Alcaeus"},"section":"New Poems","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios","lines":20},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/sappho-an-eranna","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/grabmal-eines-jungen-maedchens","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l1","source":"Und was hättest du mir denn zu sagen,","translation":"And what, then, would you have to say to me,","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hättest","title":"A subjunctive making a question rhetorical","body":"hättest is the subjunctive form of haben, 'you would have'. Combined with zu sagen, 'to say', it poses a hypothetical question rather than a plain one, closer to 'what could you possibly have to say'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on hättest","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on hättest","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"hättest","lemma":"haben","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hättest","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mir","lemma":"mir","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on sagen","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"denn","lemma":"denn","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on sagen","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on sagen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sagen","lemma":"sagen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on hättest","gloss":"say"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l2","source":"und was gehst du meine Seele an,","translation":"and what concern of my soul are you,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gehst … an","title":"A separable verb meaning concern","body":"jemanden angehen means 'to concern someone'. As a separable verb its prefix an splits off and moves to the end of the clause, so was gehst du meine Seele an reads literally 'what do you concern my soul'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on gehst","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on gehst","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"gehst","lemma":"angehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"concern"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on gehst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"meine","lemma":"mein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Seele","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Seele","lemma":"Seele","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on gehst","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"particle","role":"separable prefix of gehst (angehen = to concern)","gloss":"concern","note":"'gehst ... an' is the separable verb 'angehen' (to concern) split around the clause."}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l3","source":"wenn sich deine Augen niederschlagen","translation":"when your eyes are cast down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"niederschlagen","title":"A set idiom for lowered eyes","body":"die Augen niederschlagen literally means 'to strike the eyes down', but as a fixed idiom it means 'to lower one's eyes', a gesture of shyness or shame. The reflexive sich niederschlagen here makes the eyes drop on their own."}],"words":[{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on niederschlagen","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"depends on niederschlagen","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"deine","lemma":"dein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Augen","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Augen","lemma":"Auge","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on niederschlagen","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"niederschlagen","lemma":"niederschlagen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are cast down"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l4","source":"vor dem nahen Nichtgesagten? Mann,","translation":"before the near, the unsaid thing? Man,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Nichtgesagten","title":"The unsaid turned into a noun","body":"Rilke turns the negated participle nicht gesagt, 'not said', into a single noun, das Nichtgesagte, 'the unsaid'. vor dem nahen Nichtgesagten means 'before the near, unsaid thing'."}],"words":[{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on niederschlagen (previous segment)","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Nichtgesagten","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nahen","lemma":"nah","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Nichtgesagten","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"Nichtgesagten","lemma":"Nichtgesagt","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on vor","gloss":"unsaid thing"},{"surface":"Mann","lemma":"Mann","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Man"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l1","source":"sieh, uns hat das Sagen dieser Dinge","translation":"look — the saying of these things has","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sieh","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"stands alone (imperative interjection)","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"uns","lemma":"uns","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on hat","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"hat","lemma":"haben","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Sagen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Sagen","lemma":"sagen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hat","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"dieser","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Dinge","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Dinge","lemma":"Ding","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Sagen","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l2","source":"hingerissen und bis in den Ruhm.","translation":"swept us away, even into fame.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"hingerissen","title":"A participle spanning a line break","body":"hinreißen means 'to carry away, to enrapture'; hingerissen is its past participle. The clause runs over the line break, uns hat das Sagen dieser Dinge hingerissen, 'the saying of these things has swept us away'."}],"words":[{"surface":"hingerissen","lemma":"hinreißen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on hat (previous segment), perfect participle","gloss":"swept away"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on hingerissen","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on in","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hingerissen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Ruhm","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ruhm","lemma":"Ruhm","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"fame"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l3","source":"Wenn ich denke: unter euch verginge","translation":"When I think: among you it would fade,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"verginge","title":"A subjunctive for an imagined case","body":"vergehen means 'to pass away, to fade'. verginge is its subjunctive form, marking something that would happen only in an imagined case. Its subject does not appear until the next line, so the verb comes first."}],"words":[{"surface":"Wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on denke","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"ich","lemma":"ich","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on denke","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"denke","lemma":"denken","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"depends on verginge","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"unter","lemma":"unter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on verginge","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"euch","lemma":"euch","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"depends on unter","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"verginge","lemma":"vergehen","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would fade"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l4","source":"dürftig unser süßes Mädchentum,","translation":"meagerly, our sweet girlhood,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s2-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Mädchentum","title":"The suffix -tum names a state","body":"Mädchen, 'girl', combines with the suffix -tum, as in Heldentum, 'heroism', to form Mädchentum, 'girlhood' as a state. dürftig means 'scanty, meager'. The line says this girlhood would dwindle among men."}],"words":[{"surface":"dürftig","lemma":"dürftig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verginge (previous segment)","gloss":"meagerly"},{"surface":"unser","lemma":"unser","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Mädchentum","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"süßes","lemma":"süß","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Mädchentum","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"Mädchentum","lemma":"Mädchentum","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of verginge (previous segment)","gloss":"girlhood"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l1","source":"welches wir, ich Wissende und jene","translation":"which we — I, the knowing one, and those","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"welches","title":"A relative pronoun spanning a stanza","body":"welches is a relative pronoun, 'which', neuter to agree with Mädchentum from the stanza before. Its verb, trugen, does not appear until several lines later. ich Wissende means 'I, the knowing one', using the present participle of wissen as a noun."}],"words":[{"surface":"welches","lemma":"welcher","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on trugen (object, two segments ahead)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"wir","lemma":"wir","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of trugen (two segments ahead)","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"ich","lemma":"ich","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on Wissende","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"Wissende","lemma":"Wissende","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to ich","gloss":"the knowing one"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Wissende","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jene","lemma":"jener","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"in apposition to wir, coordinated with ich Wissende","gloss":"those"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l2","source":"mit mir Wissenden, vom Gott bewacht,","translation":"knowing with me, guarded by the god,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vom Gott bewacht","title":"von names the passive agent","body":"bewachen means 'to guard, to watch over'; bewacht is its past participle. vom, short for von dem, names who performs the action in a passive construction, 'guarded by the god'."}],"words":[{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Wissenden","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mir","lemma":"mir","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Wissenden","lemma":"Wissend","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on jene (previous segment)","gloss":"knowing ones"},{"surface":"vom","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on bewacht","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Gott","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on vom","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"bewacht","lemma":"bewachen","morphology":"verb, participle","role":"depends on Wissenden","gloss":"guarded"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l3","source":"trugen unberührt, daß Mytilene","translation":"bore untouched, so that Mytilene","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"trugen","title":"A verb finally arrives","body":"trugen is the simple past of tragen, 'to carry, to bear'. It is the main verb of the relative clause opened several lines earlier by welches, 'which we bore untouched'. daß, the older spelling of dass, opens a further clause after it."}],"words":[{"surface":"trugen","lemma":"tragen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bore"},{"surface":"unberührt","lemma":"unberührt","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on trugen","gloss":"untouched"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on duftete (two segments ahead)","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"Mytilene","lemma":"Mytilene","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of duftete (two segments ahead)","gloss":"Mytilene"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l4","source":"wie ein Apfelgarten in der Nacht","translation":"like an apple orchard in the night","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Apfelgarten","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Apfelgarten","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Apfelgarten","lemma":"Apfelgarten","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on duftete (next segment)","gloss":"apple orchard"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Apfelgarten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Nacht","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Nacht","lemma":"Nacht","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l5","source":"duftete vom Wachsen unsrer Brüste–.","translation":"was fragrant with the growth of our breasts—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s3-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"duftete","title":"A simple past for giving off scent","body":"duften means 'to smell sweet, to give off a scent'; duftete is its simple past. vom Wachsen uses the infinitive of wachsen, 'to grow', turned into a noun, so the phrase means 'fragrant with the growing of our breasts'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Brüste–.","title":"A dash held open before the period","body":"Rilke ends this stanza with a dash immediately followed by a period. The dash marks the sentence trailing off before the period closes it, kept here exactly as printed in the poem."}],"words":[{"surface":"duftete","lemma":"duften","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, subject Mytilene (two segments back)","gloss":"was fragrant"},{"surface":"vom","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on duftete","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Wachsen","lemma":"Wachsen","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on vom","gloss":"growth"},{"surface":"unsrer","lemma":"unser","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Brüste–.","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"Brüste–.","lemma":"Brust","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Wachsen","gloss":"breasts"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l1","source":"Ja, auch dieser Brüste, die du nicht","translation":"Yes, of these breasts too, which you did not","stanza":4,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"particle","role":"stands alone (interjection)","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"auch","lemma":"auch","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Brüste","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"dieser","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"depends on Brüste","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Brüste","lemma":"Brust","morphology":"noun, genitive, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"breasts"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on wähltest (next segment), refers to Brüste","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on wähltest (next segment)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on wähltest (next segment)","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l2","source":"wähltest wie zu Fruchtgewinden, Freier","translation":"choose as if for garlands of fruit, you suitor","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Fruchtgewinden","title":"A compound naming fruit garlands","body":"Fruchtgewinde joins Frucht, 'fruit', with Gewinde, 'garland, coil', naming the kind of garland hung at a harvest feast. wie zu Fruchtgewinden compares the choosing to picking fruit for such garlands. wähltest is the past tense of wählen, 'to choose'."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Freier","title":"An older word for a suitor","body":"der Freier is an older word for a 'suitor', someone courting for marriage, from the verb freien, 'to woo'. It sits at the end of the line and carries over as an address into the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"wähltest","lemma":"wählen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"choose"},{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wie","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Fruchtgewinden","lemma":"Fruchtgewinde","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"garlands of fruit"},{"surface":"Freier","lemma":"Freier","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, in apposition to du (previous segment)","gloss":"suitor"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l3","source":"mit dem weggesenkten Angesicht.","translation":"with your face turned downward and away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"weggesenkten","title":"A coined compound for a turned face","body":"senken means 'to lower, to sink'; the prefix weg- adds 'away'. weggesenkt, 'sunk away, lowered aside', is Rilke's own coinage describing das Angesicht, an elevated word for 'face', turned downward and aside."}],"words":[{"surface":"mit","lemma":"mit","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on wähltest (previous segment)","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Angesicht","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"weggesenkten","lemma":"weggesenkt","morphology":"adjective, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Angesicht","gloss":"turned downward and away"},{"surface":"Angesicht","lemma":"Angesicht","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on mit","gloss":"face"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l4","source":"Geh und laß mich, daß zu meiner Leier","translation":"Go and leave me, so that to my lyre","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Geh und laß mich","title":"Two familiar-form commands","body":"Geh, from gehen, 'to go', and laß, an older spelling of lass, from lassen, 'to leave', are both familiar-form (du) imperatives. laß mich means 'leave me alone'. die Leier is 'the lyre', the instrument of Sappho's poetry."}],"words":[{"surface":"Geh","lemma":"gehen","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Go"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Geh","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"laß","lemma":"lassen","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"mich","lemma":"mich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"depends on laß","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"daß","lemma":"daß","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on komme (next segment)","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on komme (next segment)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"meiner","lemma":"mein","morphology":"determiner, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Leier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Leier","lemma":"Leier","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on zu","gloss":"lyre"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l5","source":"komme, was du abhältst: alles steht.","translation":"may come what you hold back: all stands ready.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s4-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"komme","title":"A subjunctive expressing a wish","body":"komme is the subjunctive form of kommen, used here as a wish, 'may it come'. abhalten is a separable verb meaning 'to hold back, to keep off'; du abhältst means 'you hold back'."}],"words":[{"surface":"komme","lemma":"kommen","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"may come"},{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on abhältst","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on abhältst","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"abhältst","lemma":"abhalten","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"depends on komme","gloss":"hold back"},{"surface":"alles","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on steht","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"steht","lemma":"stehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence 'alles steht' (independent clause after the colon, not dependent on komme)","gloss":"stands ready"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s5-l1","source":"Dieser Gott ist nicht der Beistand zweier,","translation":"This god is not the helper of a pair,","stanza":5,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s5-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"zweier","title":"The genitive form of two","body":"zweier is the genitive form of zwei, 'two', meaning 'of two, of a pair'. der Beistand zweier means 'the support of two people'. der Beistand means 'aid, the one who stands by'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dieser","lemma":"dieser","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Gott","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"Gott","lemma":"Gott","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"ist","lemma":"sein","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nicht","lemma":"nicht","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Beistand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Beistand","lemma":"Beistand","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on ist","gloss":"helper"},{"surface":"zweier","lemma":"zwei","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, plural","role":"depends on Beistand","gloss":"of a pair"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"sappho-an-alkaios-s5-l2","source":"aber wenn er durch den einen geht","translation":"but when he passes through the one","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/sappho-an-alkaios-s5-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"durch den einen","title":"durch takes the accusative","body":"durch, 'through', governs the accusative case, here den einen, 'the one person'. The poem ends on this clause with no closing punctuation, leaving wenn er … geht, 'when he passes through', without a stated result."}],"words":[{"surface":"aber","lemma":"aber","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"wenn","lemma":"wenn","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"er","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"durch","lemma":"durch","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on geht","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on einen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"einen","lemma":"einer","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on durch","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"geht","lemma":"gehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passes"}]}]}