{"work":{"slug":"rilke","title":{"source":"Neue Gedichte","translated":"New Poems"},"author":"Rainer Maria Rilke","language":"German","languageCode":"de","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"venezianischer-morgen","title":{"source":"Venezianischer Morgen","translated":"Venetian Morning"},"section":"New Poems: The Other Part","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/venezianischer-morgen","lines":14},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/bildnis","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/rilke/spaetherbst-in-venedig","license":"Source text: public domain (Rainer Maria Rilke, died 1926; Neue Gedichte published 1907 and 1908), from Wikisource. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s1-l1","source":"Fürstlich verwöhnte Fenster sehen immer,","translation":"Princely, pampered windows always see","stanza":1,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s1-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fürstlich verwöhnt","title":"Adverb plus past participle","body":"fürstlich, 'princely', from der Fürst, 'prince', works here as an adverb, modifying verwöhnte, the past participle of verwöhnen, 'to spoil, pamper'. fürstlich verwöhnte Fenster means 'lavishly pampered windows', the subject of sehen, 'see'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fürstlich","lemma":"fürstlich","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on verwöhnte","gloss":"Princely"},{"surface":"verwöhnte","lemma":"verwöhnt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Fenster","gloss":"pampered"},{"surface":"Fenster","lemma":"Fenster","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on sehen","gloss":"windows"},{"surface":"sehen","lemma":"sehen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sehen","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s1-l2","source":"was manchesmal uns zu bemühn geruht:","translation":"what now and then has deigned to trouble us:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s1-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"geruht","title":"A courtly verb meaning to deign","body":"geruht is the past participle of geruhen, an elevated verb meaning 'to deign, condescend'. With zu bemühn, 'to trouble', it reads 'has deigned to trouble us'. geruhen zu plus infinitive is a formal, archaic construction."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"zu bemühn","title":"Elided infinitive for meter","body":"bemühn is bemühen, 'to trouble, take pains', with its unstressed -e- dropped for meter, a common poetic elision. uns zu bemühn geruht means 'has deigned to trouble us'; geruhen governs the zu infinitive bemühn."}],"words":[{"surface":"was","lemma":"was","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on geruht","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"manchesmal","lemma":"manchesmal","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on geruht","gloss":"now and then"},{"surface":"uns","lemma":"uns","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on bemühn","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on geruht","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bemühn","lemma":"bemühen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on geruht","gloss":"trouble","note":"bemühn is a poetic apocope of bemühen ('to trouble/bother'), dropping the unstressed e for meter."},{"surface":"geruht","lemma":"geruhen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has deigned","note":"geruhen zu + infinitive is a formal/archaic idiom meaning 'to deign to do something'."}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s1-l3","source":"die Stadt, die immer wieder, wo ein Schimmer","translation":"the city, which again and again, where a shimmer","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s1-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Stadt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Stadt","lemma":"Stadt","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on was","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on trifft","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"immer","lemma":"immer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on wieder","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"wieder","lemma":"wieder","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on trifft","gloss":"and again"},{"surface":"wo","lemma":"wo","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on trifft","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Schimmer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Schimmer","lemma":"Schimmer","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on trifft","gloss":"shimmer"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s1-l4","source":"von Himmel trifft auf ein Gefühl von Flut,","translation":"of sky meets with a sense of tide,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s1-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die Flut","title":"Flood or tide, kept vague","body":"die Flut means 'flood, high water, tide'. ein Gefühl von Flut means 'a sense of tide', keeping the water an intimation rather than a named thing. The verb that completes this clause, sich bildet, stands across the stanza break."}],"words":[{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Schimmer","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Himmel","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"trifft","lemma":"treffen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"meets"},{"surface":"auf","lemma":"auf","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on trifft","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Gefühl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Gefühl","lemma":"Gefühl","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on auf","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Gefühl","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Flut","lemma":"Flut","morphology":"noun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on von","gloss":"tide"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l1","source":"sich bildet, ohne irgendwann zu sein.","translation":"takes shape, without ever being.","stanza":2,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sich bildet","title":"Reflexive verb meaning to take shape","body":"sich bilden is the reflexive of bilden, 'to form, shape': 'to take shape, come into being'. Its subject, die Stadt, is held back across the line break and the clause between. ohne irgendwann zu sein means 'without ever being'."}],"words":[{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on bildet","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"bildet","lemma":"bilden","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"takes shape"},{"surface":"ohne","lemma":"ohne","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on bildet","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"irgendwann","lemma":"irgendwann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sein","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"depends on sein","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sein","lemma":"sein","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ohne","gloss":"being"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l2","source":"Ein jeder Morgen muß ihr die Opale","translation":"Each and every morning must first show her","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"die Opale","title":"Plural noun for a gemstone","body":"die Opale is the plural of der Opal, 'opal', a gemstone whose color shifts with the light. muß ihr die Opale erst zeigen means 'must first show her the opals', with the dative ihr, 'to her', naming the city."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Morgen","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"jeder","lemma":"jeder","morphology":"determiner, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Morgen","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on muß","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"muß","lemma":"müssen","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ihr","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, dative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on zeigen","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, plural","role":"depends on Opale","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Opale","lemma":"Opal","morphology":"noun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"depends on zeigen","gloss":"opals"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l3","source":"erst zeigen, die sie gestern trug, und Reihn","translation":"the opals she wore yesterday, and draw rows","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"erst zeigen","title":"erst meaning not yet, first","body":"erst here means 'first, only then', marking something that must happen before anything else can. muß ihr die Opale erst zeigen means 'must first show her the opals'. muß and zeigen split across two lines, ordinary German word order stretched over the verse."}],"words":[{"surface":"erst","lemma":"erst","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zeigen","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"zeigen","lemma":"zeigen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on muß","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on trug","gloss":"which","note":"relative pronoun referring back to Opale (the opals)."},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on trug","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"gestern","lemma":"gestern","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on trug","gloss":"yesterday"},{"surface":"trug","lemma":"tragen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying Opale","gloss":"wore"},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates zeigen and ziehn","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Reihn","lemma":"Reihe","morphology":"noun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"depends on ziehn","gloss":"rows","note":"Poetic elision of 'Reihen' (rows)."}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l4","source":"von Spiegelbildern ziehn aus dem Kanale,","translation":"of mirror-images out of the canal,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Spiegelbilder","title":"A compound noun for reflections","body":"das Spiegelbild, plural Spiegelbilder, means 'mirror image, reflection', from der Spiegel, 'mirror', and das Bild, 'image'. Reihn von Spiegelbildern ziehn aus dem Kanale means 'draw rows of reflections out of the canal'. Kanale is an older dative of der Kanal."}],"words":[{"surface":"von","lemma":"von","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Reihn","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Spiegelbildern","lemma":"Spiegelbild","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on von","gloss":"mirror-images"},{"surface":"ziehn","lemma":"ziehen","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on muß","gloss":"draw","note":"Poetic elision of 'ziehen', coordinated with 'zeigen' as a second infinitive dependent on 'muß'."},{"surface":"aus","lemma":"aus","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ziehn","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Kanale","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kanale","lemma":"Kanal","morphology":"noun, dative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on aus","gloss":"canal"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l5","source":"und sie erinnern an die andern Male:","translation":"and remind her of the other times:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"erinnern an","title":"To remind of, plus accusative","body":"erinnern an plus accusative means 'to remind someone of something': sie erinnern an die andern Male means 'they remind her of the other times'. sie, nominative plural, refers back to Reihn von Spiegelbildern, the subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on erinnern","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on erinnern","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"erinnern","lemma":"erinnern","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remind"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on erinnern","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Male","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"andern","lemma":"anderer","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on Male","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Male","lemma":"Mal","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, plural","role":"depends on an","gloss":"times"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s2-l6","source":"dann gibt sie sich erst zu und fällt sich ein","translation":"only then does she admit herself and come to mind","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s2-l6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gibt sie sich … zu","title":"Separable verb split by reflexive","body":"gibt ... zu is the separable verb zugeben, 'to admit, concede', its prefix zu- split off to the line's end. Made reflexive, sie gibt sich zu means 'she admits herself'. erst here means 'only then'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"fällt sich ein","title":"A second separable verb, idiom reversed","body":"fällt ... ein is the separable verb einfallen, whose idiom jemandem fällt etwas ein means 'something occurs to someone'. Made reflexive, sie fällt sich ein means 'she occurs to herself, comes to her own mind'."}],"words":[{"surface":"dann","lemma":"dann","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"gibt","lemma":"zugeben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admits","note":"Separable verb 'sich zugeben' (to admit to oneself); split as 'gibt ... zu'."},{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"erst","lemma":"erst","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"only then"},{"surface":"zu","lemma":"zu","morphology":"particle, separable verb prefix","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"to","note":"Separable prefix of 'zugeben' (to admit); pairs with 'gibt'."},{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on gibt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fällt","lemma":"einfallen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on und","gloss":"comes","note":"Separable verb 'einfallen' (to come to mind); split as 'fällt ... ein'."},{"surface":"sich","lemma":"sich","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"ein","lemma":"ein","morphology":"particle, separable verb prefix","role":"depends on fällt","gloss":"to mind","note":"Separable prefix of 'einfallen'; pairs with 'fällt'."}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s3-l1","source":"wie eine Nymphe, die den Zeus empfing.","translation":"like a nymph who once received Zeus.","stanza":3,"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s3-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"empfing","title":"Preterite of a strong verb","body":"empfing is the simple past of the strong verb empfangen, 'to receive, welcome', also used of a woman, 'to conceive'. die den Zeus empfing means 'who received Zeus', with the relative clause's verb closing it, as German requires."}],"words":[{"surface":"wie","lemma":"wie","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on Nymphe","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"eine","lemma":"ein","morphology":"determiner, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on Nymphe","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Nymphe","lemma":"Nymphe","morphology":"noun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"nymph"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on empfing","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Zeus","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Zeus","lemma":"Zeus","morphology":"proper noun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"depends on empfing","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"empfing","lemma":"empfangen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying Nymphe","gloss":"received"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s3-l2","source":"Das Ohrgehäng erklingt an ihrem Ohre;","translation":"The earring rings at her ear;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s3-l2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Ohrgehäng","title":"A hanging earring, plus a verb","body":"das Ohrgehäng means a hanging earring or pendant, from das Ohr, 'ear', and hängen, 'to hang'. erklingt, from erklingen, 'to sound, ring forth', means 'rings'. Ohre is the older dative form of Ohr, 'ear'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ohrgehäng","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ohrgehäng","lemma":"Ohrgehäng","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on erklingt","gloss":"earring"},{"surface":"erklingt","lemma":"erklingen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rings"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on erklingt","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ihrem","lemma":"ihr","morphology":"determiner, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ohre","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Ohre","lemma":"Ohr","morphology":"noun, dative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on an","gloss":"ear","note":"Archaic dative form 'Ohre' of 'Ohr'."}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s3-l3","source":"sie aber hebt San Giorgio Maggiore","translation":"but she lifts San Giorgio Maggiore","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s3-l3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sie aber hebt","title":"aber need not stand first","body":"aber, 'but, however', does not have to open its clause; placed after the subject, sie aber hebt means 'she, however, lifts'. hebt, from heben, 'to lift, raise', still keeps German's normal second-position verb slot."}],"words":[{"surface":"sie","lemma":"sie","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"depends on hebt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"aber","lemma":"aber","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hebt","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hebt","lemma":"heben","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifts"},{"surface":"San","lemma":"San","morphology":"proper noun","role":"depends on Giorgio","gloss":"San"},{"surface":"Giorgio","lemma":"Giorgio","morphology":"proper noun, accusative, singular","role":"depends on hebt","gloss":"Giorgio"},{"surface":"Maggiore","lemma":"Maggiore","morphology":"proper noun, accusative, singular","role":"depends on Giorgio","gloss":"Maggiore"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"venezianischer-morgen-s3-l4","source":"und lächelt lässig in das schöne Ding.","translation":"and smiles idly into the lovely thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/rilke/venezianischer-morgen-s3-l4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lässig","title":"Adverb for a casual manner","body":"lässig means 'casual, nonchalant, languid', related to lassen, 'to let, leave be'. lächelt lässig means 'smiles idly, carelessly'. das schöne Ding means 'the lovely thing', the accusative object of in, 'into'."}],"words":[{"surface":"und","lemma":"und","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on lächelt","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lächelt","lemma":"lächeln","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"smiles"},{"surface":"lässig","lemma":"lässig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lächelt","gloss":"idly"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on lächelt","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"der","morphology":"determiner, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ding","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"schöne","lemma":"schön","morphology":"adjective, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on Ding","gloss":"lovely"},{"surface":"Ding","lemma":"Ding","morphology":"noun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on in","gloss":"thing"}]}]}