{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L114","title":"Lesson 114","stage":"Reading Japan","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 114: cotton imports through the port · dialogue 1 of 5, port exports and industries · dialogue 2 of 5, brewing and nearby sights · dialogue 3 of 5, mountain views and summer nights · dialogue 4 of 5, hot springs beyond the mountain · dialogue 5 of 5, contrasting strengths and weaknesses · perception drill, emphasising particular abilities · pattern 1 1 of 3, asking about particular abilities · pattern 1 2 of 3, activities singled out for emphasis · pattern 1 3 of 3, port trade and shipbuilding · reading selection 1 of 2, scenic coasts and mountain views · reading selection 2 of 2, port imports and cotton · questions 1 of 2, port industries and attractions · questions 2 of 2, import and textile terms · word list 1 of 3, industry, mountains.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/112","lines":127},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/111","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/113","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Cotton imports through the port · Dialogue 1 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Cotton passed through Kobe","paragraphs":["Two speakers discuss why more people recognize Kobe than Yokohama. *神戸 は 古い 港 で* means \"Kobe is an old port.\"","Kobe has over one million residents. Its harbor has separate sections for domestic and foreign trade.","Osaka lacked a good port for its spinning and weaving industries. Imported cotton therefore passed through Kobe."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.001","source":"横浜 は 東京 に 近い から、だれでも 知って いますが、神戸 は 遠い のにも かかわらず、横浜 以上 に 知られて いますね。","translation":"Since Yokohama is close to Tokyo, everybody knows it; but, in spite of the fact that Kobe is far, it is known better than Yokohama, isn’t it?","reading":"はまはとうきょうにちかいから、だれでもしっていますが、こうべはとおいのにもかかわらず、はまいじょうにしられていますね。","words":[{"text":"横浜","gloss":"Yokohama"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"東京","gloss":"Tokyo","reading":"とうきょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"近い","gloss":"close","reading":"ちかい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"い","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"に","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"も","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"かかわら","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"ず、","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"横浜","gloss":"Yokohama","reading":"はま"},{"text":"以上","gloss":"more than","reading":"いじょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"than"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"known"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.002","source":"ええ、神戸 は 古い 港 で、古くから 輸入港 として 知られていた からですね。","translation":"Yes, because Kobe is an old port and it is known from the olden days as a port of import.","reading":"ええ、こうべはふるいみなとで、ふるくからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていたからですね。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"港","gloss":"port","reading":"みなと"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"古く","gloss":"olden days","reading":"ふるく"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"known"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.003","source":"そうですか。 で、どんな物 を 輸入して いたのですか。","translation":"Is that so? And what kind of commodities was it importing?","reading":"そうですか。で、どんなものをゆにゅうしていたのですか。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"物","gloss":"commodities","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"importing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"ongoing"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.004","source":"綿 ですね。 日本 は 紡績業、綿織物業 で 知られていましたが、その 原料の 綿 は ほとんど 米国、インド、エジプト などから 輸入していました。","translation":"Cotton, Japan was known for her cotton spinning industry and cotton textile industry, but practically all the cotton, is its raw material, was imported from the United States, India, Egypt, and other countries.","reading":"わたですね。にほんはぼうせきぎょう、めんおりものぎょうでしられていましたが、そのげんりょうのわたはほとんどべいこく、インド、エジプトなどからゆにゅうしていました。","words":[{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"わた"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"紡績","gloss":"spinning industry"},{"text":"業、","gloss":"spinning industry"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"織物","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"業","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"で","gloss":"for"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"known"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"その","gloss":"its"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw material","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"わた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"practically all"},{"text":"米国、","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"インド、","gloss":"India"},{"text":"エジプト","gloss":"Egypt"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"importing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"ongoing"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.005","source":"なぜ 大阪 に はいらなかった のですか。","translation":"Why did it not come into Osaka?","reading":"なぜおおさかにはいらなかったのですか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"はいら","gloss":"enter"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.006","source":"大阪 は 紡織業 が さかんでしたが、よい 港 が なかったので、原料の 輸入 は みな 神戸 を 通した のです。","translation":"The spinning and weaving industries flouri in Osaka, but it did not have a good port. All the raw materials went through Kobe.","reading":"おおさかはぼうしょくぎょうがさかんでしたが、よいみなとがなかったので、げんりょうのゆにゅうはみなこうべをとおしたのです。","words":[{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"紡織","gloss":"spinning and weaving","reading":"ぼうしょく"},{"text":"業","gloss":"spinning and weaving","reading":"ぎょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"港","gloss":"port","reading":"みなと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not exist"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw materials","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"through"},{"text":"通し","gloss":"pass through","reading":"とおし"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"1 --- TO KITARA\nFollowing nouns and the basic form of verbs and adjectives plus KOTO, TO KITARA expresses the meaning of \"when it comes to ---\" or \"where --- is concerned.\"\nExample:\nNIHONGO O JOOZU NI HANASU KOTO TO KITARA, ANO SEITO WA DAME DESU.\n\"When it comes to speaking Japanese fluently, that student is not good.\"\nSUPOOTSU TO KITARA NAN DEMO YARIMASU.\n\"When it comes to sports, he does everything.\"\nTABERU KOTO TO KITARA, SUMISU-SAN NO MIGI NI DERU MONO WA IMASEN.\n\"When it comes to eating, there is no one who surpasses Mr. Smith.\"\nTSUYOI KOTO TO KITARA, SUMISU-SAN NI OYOBU MONO WA INAI.\n\"When it comes to being strong, there is no one who can surpass Mr. Smith.\"\nKOTOBA O YOKU OBOERU KOTO TO KITARA, PAAKU-SAN NI OYOBU SEITO WA IMASEN.\n\"When it comes to remembering words well, there are no students who surpass Mr. Parks.\"\nNIHON RYOORI TO KITARA, TANAKA FUJIN NI KANAU HITO WA IMASEN.\n\"When it comes to Japanese cooking, there is no one who can surpass Mrs. Tanaka.\""},{"section":2,"text":"1 Kobe\nKobe, having a population of over one million, is the sixth largest city in Japan so far as population is concerned. Kobe has far outstripped Yokohama in the annual value of its imports and exports. The various kinds of factories in Kobe numbers 1,052. Kobe Harbor is in two sections. The southern port is devoted to domestic trade and the northern section to foreign trade. Kobe has a large volume of foreign settlers and has forty Protestant churches and six Catholic churches in the city."},{"section":3,"text":"2 Mt. Rokkoo\nMt. Rokkoo is a resort. There is an 18-hole golf course on the top of the range. The stone monument passed on the way to the golf links was erected in 1912 in honor of the late Arthur Broom, one of the pioneers in developing this mountain as a summer resort. A number of foreign and Japanese residents of Kobe and Osaka have built summer villas on the mountain. There are a number of ponds on the summit, which afford swimming in the summer and skating in the winter. Skiing can also be enjoyed on the mountain in season."},{"section":4,"text":"Arima Spa\nArima Spa, which lies at an elevation of 1,191 ft. on the northern side of Mt. Rokkoo, is of very ancient origin. Its waters have an historic reputation for their medicinal efficacy especially in diseases of the digestive organs and women’s diseases. One hot spring is strong salt and contains a large quantity of iron; another cold spring contains carbonic acid gas, and is used for table water. Arima is frequently visited by Kobe residents as it is cool in the summer and has beautiful surroundings."},{"section":5,"text":"Suma\nSuma lies on the shore of the Inland Sea and is noted for its delightful scenery and its historical associations. It is also a part of the city of Kobe,"},{"section":6,"text":"5 Awaji Island\nAwaji Island is one of the most thickly populated islands in Japan. Besides having abundant marine products, its fertile land is arable, because there are no high mountains. The island has an area of 228.9 sq. miles and is triangular in shape, the most acute angle stretching towards Kobe and the others towards Wakayama and Shikoku."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"近い","gloss":"near, close"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"も","gloss":"as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"い","gloss":"stomach"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe"},{"word":"遠い","gloss":"far"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"港","gloss":"port, harbor"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"綿","gloss":"cotton"},{"word":"織物","gloss":"fabric"},{"word":"原料","gloss":"raw material"},{"word":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"インド、","gloss":"India"},{"word":"エジプト","gloss":"Egypt"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Port exports and industries · Dialogue 2 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Exports exceeded imports","paragraphs":["Two speakers discuss Kobe after the war. *輸出が 輸入 の 倍 です* means \"Exports are twice the imports.\"","Industry developed around Kobe, and Kobe became a much larger export port than Yokohama.","*造船業* and *酒造* name its major industries: shipbuilding and sake brewing."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.007","source":"そして 製品 を 神戸から 船 に 積んで 輸出した のですね。","translation":"And loaded on ships, the manufactured products were exported from Kobe, isn’t that right?","reading":"そしてせいひんをこうべからふねにつんでゆしゅつしたのですね。","words":[{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"製品","gloss":"manufactured products","reading":"せいひん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"船","gloss":"ship","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"に","gloss":"onto"},{"text":"積ん","gloss":"load","reading":"つん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"export","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.008","source":"そうです。 第二次世界大戦後 は 周辺 の 工業 の 発達 によって 輸出 が 増加して、今では 輸入港 とは 言えません。 輸出が 輸入 の 倍 です。","translation":"That’s right. After the Second World War, with, the development of industry in the surrounding area, export increased and today it can’t be called a port of import. Export is twice as much as import.","reading":"そうです。だいにじせかいたいせんごはしゅうへんのこうぎょうのはったつによってゆしゅつがぞうかして、いまではゆにゅうこうとはいえません。ゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"第","gloss":"Second"},{"text":"二","gloss":"Second"},{"text":"次","gloss":"Second"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"World War"},{"text":"大戦","gloss":"World War"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"周辺","gloss":"surrounding area","reading":"しゅうへん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"よっ","gloss":"by"},{"text":"て","gloss":"by"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"exports","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increase","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"今","gloss":"today","reading":"いま"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"call","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"exports","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"double","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.009","source":"終戦後 の 日本 の 工業 の 発達 は めざましいですね。","translation":"The development of industry in post-war Japan is remarkable, isn’t it?","reading":"しゅうせんごのにほんのこうぎょうのはったつはめざましいですね。","words":[{"text":"終戦","gloss":"war ended","reading":"しゅうせん"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"めざましい","gloss":"remarkable"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.010","source":"そうです。 そのため、輸出港 として、神戸 は 横浜 より はるかに 大きくなりました。","translation":"Yes, it is. Because of that, Kobe became larger by far than Yokohama as a port of export.","reading":"そうです。そのため、ゆしゅつこうとして、こうべははまよりはるかにおおきくなりました。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"ため、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"export port","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"港","gloss":"export port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"as"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"横浜","gloss":"Yokohama"},{"text":"より","gloss":"than"},{"text":"はるか","gloss":"by far"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by far"},{"text":"大きく","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.011","source":"神戸では どんな 工業 が さかんですか。","translation":"What kind of industry floiucishes in Kobe?","reading":"こうべではどんなこうぎょうがさかんですか。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.012","source":"よく 知られている のは 造船業、それから、酒造 です。","translation":"The well-known industries are shipbuilding and SAKE brewing.","reading":"よくしられているのはぞうせんぎょう、それから、しゅぞうです。","words":[{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"known"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"known"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"造船","gloss":"shipbuilding","reading":"ぞうせん"},{"text":"業、","gloss":"shipbuilding","reading":"ぎょう"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"酒造","gloss":"sake brewing","reading":"しゅぞう"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"製品","gloss":"manufactured product"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"後","gloss":"after; afterwards"},{"word":"周辺","gloss":"surrounding area"},{"word":"工業","gloss":"manufacturing industry"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"より","gloss":"than (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"はるか","gloss":"in the distance"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"酒造","gloss":"sake making; sake brewing"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Brewing and nearby sights · Dialogue 3 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Sake and coastal scenery","paragraphs":["Two speakers discuss Nada sake and nearby scenic places.","*この 地方一たい は なだ の 酒 の 産地 として 有名 です* means \"All around this area is famous as a production center of Nada sake.\"","Suma is part of Kobe on the shore of the Inland Sea. It has notable scenery and historical associations.","The nearby Akashi coast also has notable scenery. Himeji Castle is more than one hour away by train."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.013","source":"酒造 で 有名 な 所 だとは 知りません でしたね。","translation":"I didn’t know that it is a place famous for Sake brewing.","reading":"しゅぞうでゆうめいなところだとはしりませんでしたね。","words":[{"text":"酒造","gloss":"sake brewing","reading":"しゅぞう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"for"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"famous"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.014","source":"この 地方一たい は なだ の 酒 の 産地 として 有名 です。","translation":"All around this area is famous as a production center of Nada Sake.","reading":"このちほういったいはなだのさけのさんちとしてゆうめいです。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"地方","gloss":"whole area","reading":"ちほう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"whole area","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"whole area"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なだ","gloss":"Nada"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"酒","gloss":"sake","reading":"さけ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"産地","gloss":"production center","reading":"さんち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.015","source":"観光地 として 有名 な 所 は。","translation":"Where are the places famous for sightseeing?","reading":"かんこうちとしてゆうめいなところは。","words":[{"text":"観光","gloss":"sightseeing area","reading":"かんこう"},{"text":"地","gloss":"sightseeing area","reading":"ち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"famous"},{"text":"所","gloss":"places","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.016","source":"そうですね。 昔 から 須磨 や 神戸 の 近く の 明石 の 海岸 は 景色 が よいので 知られて いますね。","translation":"Well, let me see. Suma and the shore of Akashi, which is near Kobe, were known from olden days for beautiful scenery.","reading":"そうですね。むかしからすまやこうべのちかくのあかしのかいがんはけしきがよいのでしられていますね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"well"},{"text":"です","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"昔","gloss":"olden days","reading":"むかし"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"須磨","gloss":"Suma","reading":"すま"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"near","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"明石","gloss":"Akashi","reading":"あかし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"shore","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"景色","gloss":"scenery","reading":"けしき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"beautiful"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で","gloss":"because"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"known"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.017","source":"姫路城 は 神戸 から 遠い ですか。","translation":"Is Himeji Castle far from Kobe?","reading":"ひめじじょうはこうべからとおいですか。","words":[{"text":"姫路","gloss":"Himeji Castle","reading":"ひめじ"},{"text":"城","gloss":"Himeji Castle","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.018","source":"ええ、かなり 遠いです。 列車 で 一時間 以上 かかりますね。","translation":"Yes, it is fairly far. It will take over one hour by train.","reading":"ええ、かなりとおいです。れっしゃでいちじかんいじょうかかりますね。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"列車","gloss":"train","reading":"れっしゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one hour","reading":"いち"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"one hour","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"以上","gloss":"over","reading":"いじょう"},{"text":"かかり","gloss":"take"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"所","gloss":"address, place"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"地方","gloss":"country, region"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"なだ","gloss":"P.N., Kobe area"},{"word":"酒","gloss":"Sake, rice wine"},{"word":"産地","gloss":"production center; an area producing; the home"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"須磨","gloss":"P.N., a district in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"近く","gloss":"vicinity"},{"word":"明石","gloss":"P.N.; a scenic place west of Kobe"},{"word":"海岸","gloss":"coast, shore"},{"word":"姫路","gloss":"P.N.; capital city of Hyogo Prefecture"},{"word":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"},{"word":"時間","gloss":"hour, time"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Mountain views and summer nights · Dialogue 4 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Recreation on Mount Rokkoo","paragraphs":["Two speakers discuss recreation and views in the mountains near Kobe.","*六甲山 は レクリエーション地* means \"Mount Rokkoo is a recreation center.\" A driveway and cable car lead to its golf course.","The mountain is also a summer resort. Its ponds allow swimming in summer and skating in winter. Skiing is possible in season."]},{"title":"Views toward Awaji Island","paragraphs":["From Mount Maya, Awaji Island appears on the right. Cities along Osaka Bay appear on the left.","Awaji Island has abundant marine products and fertile land. It has no high mountains, so its land can be farmed.","*夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい* means \"when it comes to the night view, it is magnificent.\" *と 来たら* singles out the night view."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.019","source":"外 には 見る 所 は ありませんか。","translation":"Isn’t there any other place to see?","reading":"ほかにはみるところはありませんか。","words":[{"text":"外","gloss":"other","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"among"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.020","source":"ありますよ。 六甲山 は レクリエーション地 で、ドライブ・ウェー や ケーブルカー を 利用して 登れば、ゴルフ場 も あります。","translation":"Yes, there is. Mt. Rokkoo is a recreation center and if you climb it by using the driveway and cable car, there is a golf cour: there, too.","reading":"ありますよ。こうやまはレクリエーションちで、ドライブ・ウェーやケーブルカーをりようしてのぼれば、ゴルフじょうもあります。","words":[{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"六甲","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"こう"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"やま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"レクリエーション","gloss":"recreation center"},{"text":"地","gloss":"recreation center","reading":"ち"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ドライブ・","gloss":"driveway"},{"text":"ウェー","gloss":"driveway"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ケーブル","gloss":"cable car"},{"text":"カー","gloss":"cable car"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"利用","gloss":"use","reading":"りよう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"using"},{"text":"登れ","gloss":"climb","reading":"のぼれ"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf course"},{"text":"場","gloss":"golf course"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.021","source":"よい 所 らしい ね。","translation":"It seems it is a nice place.","reading":"よいところらしいね。","words":[{"text":"よい","gloss":"nice"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.022","source":"そう。 そこから、ロープ・ウェー を 利用して、まや山 に 登る と、右 に あわじ島 が 見え、左 に 大阪湾 に 沿って 発達した 大都市 が 見えます。","translation":"Yes it is. From there, if you climb Mt. Maya by using the cable car, you can see Awaji-shima to your right and the big cities developed around the Bay of Osaka to your left.","reading":"そう。そこから、ロープ・ウェーをりようして、まやさんにのぼると、みぎにあわじしまがみえ、ひだりにおおさかわんにそってはったつしただいとしがみえます。","words":[{"text":"そう。","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"from"},{"text":"ロープ・","gloss":"ropeway"},{"text":"ウェー","gloss":"ropeway"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"利用","gloss":"use","reading":"りよう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"using"},{"text":"ま","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"や","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Maya","reading":"さん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"登る","gloss":"climb","reading":"のぼる"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"あわ","gloss":"Awaji Island"},{"text":"じ","gloss":"Awaji Island"},{"text":"島","gloss":"Awaji Island","reading":"しま"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"見え、","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka Bay","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"湾","gloss":"Osaka Bay","reading":"わん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"沿っ","gloss":"along","reading":"そっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"along"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"develop","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"大","gloss":"big city","reading":"だい"},{"text":"都市","gloss":"big city","reading":"とし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"見え","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.022.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.023","source":"ゆう大 な 景色 らしい ですね。","translation":"It seems it is magnificent scenery.","reading":"ゆうだいなけしきらしいですね。","words":[{"text":"ゆう","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"大","gloss":"magnificent","reading":"だい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"景色","gloss":"scenery","reading":"けしき"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.023.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.024","source":"そうです。 特 に 夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい もので、夏 には すずみがてら 夜 そこに 行く人 が 多いです。","translation":"That’s right. It is magnificent especially when it comes to a night scene, and there are many people who go there at night to enjoy the cool breeze in the summer.","reading":"そうです。とくによるのながめときたら、すばらしいもので、なつにはすずみがてらよるそこにいくひとがおおいです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"特","gloss":"especially","reading":"とく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"especially"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"night","reading":"よる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when"},{"text":"来","gloss":"comes","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"夏","gloss":"summer","reading":"なつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すずみ","gloss":"cool off"},{"text":"がてら","gloss":"while"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"night","reading":"よる"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"山","gloss":"mountain"},{"word":"レクリエーション","gloss":"recreation"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ドライブ・","gloss":"a drive"},{"word":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"word":"そう。","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"じ","gloss":"character, word"},{"word":"湾","gloss":"bay"},{"word":"都市","gloss":"city"},{"word":"夜","gloss":"night, evening"},{"word":"ながめ","gloss":"view (n)"},{"word":"すばらしい","gloss":"splendid, great, grand"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"夏","gloss":"summer"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Hot springs beyond the mountain · Dialogue 5 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"A hot spring to the north","paragraphs":["The speakers follow the route down the north side of Mount Rokkoo.","*六甲山 を 裏 の 方、つまり 北 の 方 に 下る と* means \"when you descend Mount Rokkoo on its north side.\"","The route reaches *古くから 知られている 有馬温泉*, the long-established Arima Hot Spring.","Arima Spa is ancient. Kobe residents often visit because it is cool in summer and has beautiful surroundings."]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.025","source":"そうでしょうね。","translation":"I suppose there are.","reading":"そうでしょうね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is so"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.025.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.026","source":"それから、六甲山 を 裏 の 方、つまり 北 の 方 に 下る と、古くから 知られている 有馬温泉 に 出ます。","translation":"And when you descend Mt. Rokkoo from its backside, that is on the north side, you’ll come out to Arima Hot Spring known from the olden days.","reading":"それから、こうやまをうらのほう、つまりきたのほうにくだると、ふるくからしられているありまおんせんにでます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"and then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"and then"},{"text":"六甲","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"こう"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"やま"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"裏","gloss":"back","reading":"うら"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"方、","gloss":"side","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"つまり","gloss":"that is"},{"text":"北","gloss":"north","reading":"きた"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"方","gloss":"side","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"下る","gloss":"descend","reading":"くだる"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"古く","gloss":"long ago","reading":"ふるく"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"is known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"is known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is known"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is known"},{"text":"有馬","gloss":"Arima Hot Spring","reading":"ありま"},{"text":"温泉","gloss":"Arima Hot Spring","reading":"おんせん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出","gloss":"come out","reading":"で"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"come out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.026.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.027","source":"日本 は どこに 行っても 温泉 が ある 様ですね。","translation":"It seems there are hot springs wherever you go in Japan.","reading":"にほんはどこにいってもおんせんがあるようですね。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"wherever"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"go"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"温泉","gloss":"hot springs","reading":"おんせん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.027.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L114.dlg.028","source":"そうです。","translation":"You are right.","reading":"そうです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.dlg.028.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"つまり","gloss":"in short, in another word"},{"word":"北","gloss":"north"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contrasting strengths and weaknesses · Perception drill","teaching":[{"title":"Where writing is concerned","paragraphs":["*ええ、しかし、書く事 と 来たら だめです* means \"Yes, but when it comes to writing, he is not good.\"","The first speaker praises spoken Japanese. The reply uses *と 来たら* to focus the contrasting weakness in writing."]},{"title":"After a noun or an activity","paragraphs":["*と 来たら* follows a noun to mean \"when it comes to.\" *ビール と 来たら いくらでも 飲むんですね* focuses beer.","For an activity, it follows the plain verb plus *事*. *よく食べる 事 と 来たら おどろくほど です* means \"When it comes to eating, it is amazing.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.01","source":"夜 の ながめ と 来たら すばらしい ものです。","translation":"When it comes to a night scene, it is magnificent.","reading":"よるのながめときたらすばらしいものです。","words":[{"text":"夜","gloss":"night","reading":"よる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.02","source":"スミスさん は 日本語 を 話すのが お上手ですね。","translation":"Mr. Smith is surely good in speaking Japanese, isn’t he?","reading":"スミスさんはにほんごをはなすのがおじょうずですね。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speaking","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"の","gloss":"act of"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"good at","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.03","source":"ええ、しかし、書く事 と 来たら だめです。","translation":"Yes, but when it comes to writing, he is not good.","reading":"ええ、しかし、かくことときたらだめです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"writing","reading":"かく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act of","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"no good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.04","source":"いい 奥さん を もらいましたね。","translation":"You surely got a nice wife, didn’t you?","reading":"いいおくさんをもらいましたね。","words":[{"text":"いい","gloss":"nice"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"もらい","gloss":"got"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"got"},{"text":"た","gloss":"got"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.05","source":"しかし、料理 を する事 と 来たら、何も 知りません。","translation":"But she doesn’t know anything when it comes to cooking.","reading":"しかし、りょうりをすることときたら、なにもしりません。","words":[{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"cooking","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"する","gloss":"doing"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act of","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"at all"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"does not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"does not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"does not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.06","source":"お宅 の むすこさん は よく太っていますね。","translation":"Your son is surely stout, isn’t he?","reading":"おたくのむすこさんはよくふとっていますね。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"your home"},{"text":"宅","gloss":"your home","reading":"たく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"むすこ","gloss":"son"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"son"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"quite"},{"text":"太っ","gloss":"is stout","reading":"ふとっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.07","source":"ええ、よく食べる 事 と 来たら おどろくほど です。","translation":"Yes, when it comes to eating, it is amazing.","reading":"ええ、よくたべることときたらおどろくほどです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"a lot"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eating","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act of","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"おどろく","gloss":"astonishing"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"to that extent"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.08","source":"ジョンズさん は ビール と 来たら いくらでも 飲むんですね。","translation":"When it comes to beer, Mr. Jones drinks any amount, doesn’t he?","reading":"ジョンズさんはビールときたらいくらでものむんですね。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"飲む","gloss":"drinks","reading":"のむ"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.09","source":"ええ、ビール が とても 好きで、飲ませれば、いくらでも 飲みますよ。","translation":"Yes, he likes beer very much, and if you let him drink, he drinks any amount.","reading":"ええ、ビールがとてもすきで、のませれば、いくらでものみますよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"飲ま","gloss":"if allowed to drink","reading":"のま"},{"text":"せれ","gloss":"if allowed to drink"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if allowed to drink"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any amount"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drinks","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"drinks"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.10","source":"ブラウンさん は スポーツ は 何でも 出来ますが、勉強 と 来たら だめですね。","translation":"Mr, Brown does any kind of sports, but when it comes to studying he is not good, is he?","reading":"ブラウンさんはスポーツはなんでもできますが、べんきょうときたらだめですね。","words":[{"text":"ブラウン","gloss":"Brown"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"any kind","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can do"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"no good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L114.gp1.11","source":"本当 に そうです。 スポーツ が 出来るほど 勉強 が 出来たら 大したものですがね。","translation":"You are right, if he can study as well as he can do sports, it will be a great thing for him.","reading":"ほんとうにそうです。スポーツができるほどべんきょうができたらたいしたものですがね。","words":[{"text":"本当","gloss":"truly","reading":"ほんとう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"as well as"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"could do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"if"},{"text":"大した","gloss":"great","reading":"たいした"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"です","gloss":"would be"},{"text":"が","gloss":"though"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.gp1.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"だめ","gloss":"no good, useless,\nhopeless"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"おどろく","gloss":"to be surprised"},{"word":"ほど","gloss":"to the extent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"word":"いくら","gloss":"how much? how many?"},{"word":"とても","gloss":"very, indeed"},{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"スポーツ","gloss":"sport"},{"word":"出来る","gloss":"to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Emphasising particular abilities · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A focused judgment","paragraphs":["*かん字 と 来たら、あの生徒 は ちっとも 出来ません* means \"When it comes to kanji, that student cannot do it at all.\"","*と 来たら* singles out an ability or activity for praise or criticism.","*よく おぼえる 事 と 来たら、田中さん の 右 に 出る 人 は 居ません* says that no one surpasses Mr. Tanaka at remembering things well."]}],"lines":[{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.m1","source":"かん字 と 来たら、あの生徒 は ちっとも 出来ません。","translation":"When it comes to kanji, that student cannot do it at all.","reading":"かんじときたら、あのせいとはちっともできません。","words":[{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ちっとも","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"cannot do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot do"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.01","source":"私の 家内 は 日本料理 と 来たら、ちっとも 出来ません。","translation":"When it comes to Japanese cooking, my wife cannot do it at all.","reading":"わたくしのかないはにほんりょうりときたら、ちっともできません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家内","gloss":"wife","reading":"かない"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese cooking","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese cooking","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"ちっとも","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"cannot do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot do"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.02","source":"あの人の 英語 と 来たら、間違い だらけです。","translation":"When it comes to that person's English, it is full of mistakes.","reading":"あのひとのえいごときたら、まちがいだらけです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"間違い","gloss":"mistakes","reading":"まちがい"},{"text":"だらけ","gloss":"full of"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.03","source":"勉強 と 来たら、一つも しません。","translation":"When it comes to studying, he does none at all.","reading":"べんきょうときたら、ひとつもしません。","words":[{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"一","gloss":"none at all","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"none at all"},{"text":"も","gloss":"none at all"},{"text":"し","gloss":"does not do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"does not do"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"does not do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.04","source":"自動車 の 使い方 と 来たら、とても 下手です。","translation":"When it comes to using a car, he is very poor at it.","reading":"じどうしゃのつかいかたときたら、とてもへたです。","words":[{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"how to use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"方","gloss":"how to use","reading":"かた"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very"},{"text":"下手","gloss":"poor at","reading":"へた"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.05","source":"ゴルフ と 来たら、めし よりも 好きです。","translation":"When it comes to golf, he likes it better than eating.","reading":"ゴルフときたら、めしよりもすきです。","words":[{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as for"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"めし","gloss":"eating"},{"text":"より","gloss":"than"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.06","source":"よく おぼえる 事 と 来たら、田中さん の 右 に 出る 人 は 居ません。","translation":"When it comes to remembering things well, no one can surpass Mr. Tanaka.","reading":"よくおぼえることときたら、たなかさんのみぎにでるひとはいません。","words":[{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"おぼえる","gloss":"remembering"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"右","gloss":"surpass","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"surpass"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"surpass","reading":"でる"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"居","gloss":"there is no","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is no"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is no"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.07","source":"陸上競技 と 来たら、米国 に かなう 国 は ありません。","translation":"When it comes to track and field, there is no country that can match the United States.","reading":"りくじょうきょうぎときたら、べいこくにかなうくにはありません。","words":[{"text":"陸上","gloss":"track and field","reading":"りくじょう"},{"text":"競技","gloss":"track and field","reading":"きょうぎ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"かなう","gloss":"can match"},{"text":"国","gloss":"country","reading":"くに"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is no"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is no"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is no"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.08","source":"なまける 事 と 来たら、私 が 一番 です。","translation":"When it comes to being lazy, I am number one.","reading":"なまけることときたら、わたくしがいちばんです。","words":[{"text":"なまける","gloss":"being lazy"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act of","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"am"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ちっとも","gloss":"not even a little (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だらけ","gloss":"full of, covered with (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"下手","gloss":"unskilled, poor in doing things"},{"word":"おぼえる","gloss":"to memorize, remember (v.t.)"},{"word":"出る","gloss":"come out to the phone, go out, come out (vi)"},{"word":"競技","gloss":"athletic events; athletic competition"},{"word":"国","gloss":"country, nation"},{"word":"なまける","gloss":"to be lazy (v.i.)"},{"word":"一番","gloss":"number one (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about particular abilities · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Focus the answer","paragraphs":["*ゴルフ は どうですか* asks \"How about golf?\" The answer begins *ゴルフ と 来たら* to focus that sport.","*ゴルフ と 来たら、全ぜん きょう味 が ない のですよ* means \"When it comes to golf, I have no interest in it at all.\"","The same form focuses a narrower preference in *ことに さしみ と 来たら、大好き*. It means that he particularly loves sashimi."]}],"lines":[{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.09","source":"あなたは 大抵 の スポーツ は なさいますが、ゴルフ は どうですか。","translation":"You do most sports, but how about golf?","reading":"あなたはたいていのスポーツはなさいますが、ゴルフはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"most","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なさい","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"do"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.10","source":"ゴルフ と 来たら、全ぜん きょう味 が ない のですよ。","translation":"When it comes to golf, I have no interest in it at all.","reading":"ゴルフときたら、ぜんぜんきょうみがないのですよ。","words":[{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"全","gloss":"not at all","reading":"ぜん"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"きょう味","gloss":"interest"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"have none"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.11","source":"田村さん は ずい分 魚 が 好き らしいですね。","translation":"Mr. Tamura seems to like fish very much, does he not?","reading":"たむらさんはずいぶんさかながすきらしいですね。","words":[{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ずい分","gloss":"very much","reading":"ずいぶん"},{"text":"魚","gloss":"fish","reading":"さかな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.12","source":"ええ、魚 が とても 好きですね。 ことに さしみ と 来たら、大好きで、外 には 何も いらない そうです。","translation":"Yes, he likes fish very much. When it comes to sashimi in particular, he loves it so much that he says he needs nothing else.","reading":"ええ、さかながとてもすきですね。ことにさしみときたら、だいすきで、ほかにはなにもいらないそうです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"魚","gloss":"fish","reading":"さかな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"こと","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"さしみ","gloss":"sashimi"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"大好き","gloss":"loves","reading":"だいすき"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"外","gloss":"anything else","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"besides"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"at all"},{"text":"いら","gloss":"needs"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.13","source":"スミスさん は よく 日本語 が 話せますが、読んだり 書いたり するのは どうですか。","translation":"Mr. Smith speaks Japanese well, but how is he at reading and writing it?","reading":"スミスさんはよくにほんごがはなせますが、よんだりかいたりするのはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can speak"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"reading","reading":"よん"},{"text":"だり","gloss":"reading"},{"text":"書い","gloss":"writing","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たり","gloss":"writing"},{"text":"する","gloss":"doing"},{"text":"の","gloss":"act of"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.14","source":"読み書き と 来たら、全ぜん だめですね。","translation":"When it comes to reading and writing, he is no good at all.","reading":"よみかきときたら、ぜんぜんだめですね。","words":[{"text":"読み書き","gloss":"reading and writing","reading":"よみかき"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"全","gloss":"not at all","reading":"ぜん"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"no good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.15","source":"君 の 家 の むすこさん は よく 食べる ね。","translation":"Your son certainly eats a lot, does he not?","reading":"きみのいえのむすこさんはよくたべるね。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"family","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"むすこ","gloss":"son"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"son"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"a lot"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.16","source":"ええ、よく 食べる 事 と 来たら、おどろく ほどですよ。","translation":"Yes, when it comes to eating a lot, it is astonishing.","reading":"ええ、よくたべることときたら、おどろくほどですよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"a lot"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eating","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act of","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"おどろく","gloss":"astonishing"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"to that extent"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.16.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.17","source":"御主人 は スポーツ の 話 が お好きらしい ですね。","translation":"Your husband seems to like talking about sports, does he not?","reading":"ごしゅじんはスポーツのはなしがおすきらしいですね。","words":[{"text":"御","gloss":"husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"},{"text":"の","gloss":"about"},{"text":"話","gloss":"talking","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.17.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ずい分","gloss":"very much"},{"word":"さしみ","gloss":"thinly sliced raw fish dish"},{"word":"大好き","gloss":"be very fond of, like very much"},{"word":"君","gloss":"suffix to a name, Mr. (See cult. notes)"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"話","gloss":"story, talk"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Activities singled out for emphasis · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A named topic","paragraphs":["*スポーツ の 話 と 来たら、すぐ ねっ中してしまう のですよ* means \"When it comes to talking about sports, he gets absorbed right away.\"","The phrase before *と 来たら* names the focus. It can be a noun such as *日本料理* or an activity such as *日本語 の 勉強*."]}],"lines":[{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.18","source":"ええ、スポーツ の 話 と 来たら、すぐ ねっ中してしまう のですよ。","translation":"Yes, when it comes to talking about sports, he gets absorbed in it right away.","reading":"ええ、スポーツのはなしときたら、すぐねっちゅうしてしまうのですよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"},{"text":"の","gloss":"about"},{"text":"話","gloss":"talking","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when it comes to"},{"text":"すぐ","gloss":"right away"},{"text":"ね","gloss":"gets absorbed"},{"text":"っ","gloss":"gets absorbed"},{"text":"中","gloss":"gets absorbed","reading":"ちゅう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"gets absorbed"},{"text":"て","gloss":"gets absorbed"},{"text":"しまう","gloss":"gets absorbed"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.18.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.19","source":"遊ぶ","translation":"To play.","reading":"あそぶ","words":[{"text":"遊ぶ","gloss":"play","reading":"あそぶ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.20","source":"食べる","translation":"To eat.","reading":"たべる","words":[{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.20.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.21","source":"スポーツ","translation":"Sports.","reading":"スポーツ","words":[{"text":"スポーツ","gloss":"sports"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.22","source":"日本語 の 勉強","translation":"Studying Japanese.","reading":"にほんごのべんきょう","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.23","source":"日本料理","translation":"Japanese cooking.","reading":"にほんりょうり","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese cooking","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese cooking","reading":"りょうり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L114.pt1.24","source":"おぼえる","translation":"To remember.","reading":"おぼえる","words":[{"text":"おぼえる","gloss":"remember"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.pt1.24.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"すぐ","gloss":"right away, immediately"},{"word":"ね","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"しまう","gloss":"to put away"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Port trade and shipbuilding · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"From cotton imports to exports","paragraphs":["*神戸港 は 古い 港 で、昔 から 輸入港 として 知られて いました* says that Kobe had long served as an import port.","Cotton for Osaka's textile industries passed through Kobe. After the war, exports increased to twice the volume of imports.","*神戸 で、もっとも さかんな 工業 は 造船業 で、酒造 も かなり さかんです* names shipbuilding and sake brewing as its strongest industries."]}],"lines":[{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.001","source":"神戸港 は 古い 港 で、昔 から 輸入港 として 知られて いました。","translation":"The Port of Kobe is an old port and has been known as an import port since long ago.","reading":"こうべこうはふるいみなとで、むかしからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていました。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"港","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"港","gloss":"port","reading":"みなと"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"昔","gloss":"long ago","reading":"むかし"},{"text":"から","gloss":"since"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"was known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"was known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was known"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was known"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was known"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.002","source":"輸入品 の 主な 物 は 綿 で、米国、インド、エジプト などから 輸入して いました。","translation":"The principal import was cotton, which was imported from the United States, India, Egypt, and other countries.","reading":"ゆにゅうひんのおもなものはめんで、べいこく、インド、エジプトなどからゆにゅうしていました。","words":[{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imported goods","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"品","gloss":"imported goods","reading":"ひん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"主な","gloss":"principal","reading":"おもな"},{"text":"物","gloss":"thing","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"めん"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"米国、","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"インド、","gloss":"India"},{"text":"エジプト","gloss":"Egypt"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"were imported","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"were imported"},{"text":"て","gloss":"were imported"},{"text":"い","gloss":"were imported"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"were imported"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"were imported"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.003","source":"大阪 は 紡績業、綿織物業 が さかんですが、よい 港 が なかったので、その 原料 である 綿 の 輸入 は みな 神戸 を 通したのです。","translation":"The spinning and cotton textile industries flourished in Osaka, but because it had no good port, all the cotton imported as raw material came through Kobe.","reading":"おおさかはぼうせきぎょう、めんおりものぎょうがさかんですが、よいみなとがなかったので、そのげんりょうであるめんのゆにゅうはみなこうべをとおしたのです。","words":[{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"紡績","gloss":"spinning industry"},{"text":"業、","gloss":"spinning industry"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"織物","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"業","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"港","gloss":"port","reading":"みなと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"did not have"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did not have"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw material","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"which is"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"which is"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"めん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"through"},{"text":"通し","gloss":"came through","reading":"とおし"},{"text":"た","gloss":"came through"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.004","source":"又 綿製品 は 神戸 から 船 に 積んで 輸出しました。","translation":"Cotton products were also loaded onto ships in Kobe and exported.","reading":"まためんせいひんはこうべからふねにつんでゆしゅつしました。","words":[{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"めん"},{"text":"製品","gloss":"products","reading":"せいひん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"船","gloss":"ships","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"に","gloss":"onto"},{"text":"積ん","gloss":"were loaded","reading":"つん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"were loaded"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"were exported","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"were exported"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"were exported"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"were exported"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.005","source":"第二次世界大戦後 は 周辺 の 工業 の めざましい 発達 によって 輸出 が 輸入 の 倍 も 増加し、今日 では、輸入港 とは 言えなく なりました。","translation":"After the Second World War, the remarkable development of industry in the surrounding area caused exports to increase to twice the volume of imports, and today Kobe can no longer be called an import port.","reading":"だいにじせかいたいせんごはしゅうへんのこうぎょうのめざましいはったつによってゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいもぞうかし、こんにちでは、ゆにゅうこうとはいえなくなりました。","words":[{"text":"第","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"二","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"次","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"大戦","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"周辺","gloss":"surrounding area","reading":"しゅうへん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"めざましい","gloss":"remarkable"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"よっ","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"て","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"exports","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"twice","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increase","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"do"},{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"be called","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"no longer"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"became"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"became"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.006","source":"そして、輸出港 として","translation":"And as an export port.","reading":"そして、ゆしゅつこうとして","words":[{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"export port","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"港","gloss":"export port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.007","source":"神戸 は 横浜 より はるかに 大きく なりました。","translation":"Kobe has become much larger than Yokohama.","reading":"こうべはよこはまよりはるかにおおきくなりました。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"横浜","gloss":"Yokohama","reading":"よこはま"},{"text":"より","gloss":"than"},{"text":"はるか","gloss":"much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"much"},{"text":"大きく","gloss":"larger","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"became"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"became"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.008","source":"神戸 で、もっとも さかんな 工業 は 造船業 で、酒造 も かなり さかんです。","translation":"The most flourishing industry in Kobe is shipbuilding, and sake brewing is also quite active.","reading":"こうべで、もっともさかんなこうぎょうはぞうせんぎょうで、しゅぞうもかなりさかんです。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"in"},{"text":"もっとも","gloss":"most"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"な","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"造船","gloss":"shipbuilding industry","reading":"ぞうせん"},{"text":"業","gloss":"shipbuilding industry","reading":"ぎょう"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"酒造","gloss":"sake brewing","reading":"しゅぞう"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"かなり","gloss":"quite"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"active"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.008.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"品","gloss":"quality, goods"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"もっとも","gloss":"extremely, the most"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Scenic coasts and mountain views · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"From the coast to the mountains","paragraphs":["The passage moves from the coasts of Suma and Akashi to Mount Rokkoo and Mount Maya.","*右に あわじ島 が 見え、左に 大阪湾 に 沿って 発達した 大都市 が 見え* places Awaji Island on the right and cities on the left.","*と 来たら* emphasizes the night view in *特に 夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい もので*."]}],"lines":[{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.009","source":"この 地方一たい は なだ の 酒 の 産地 として 有名 です。","translation":"This whole region is famous as a sake-producing area called Nada.","reading":"このちほういったいはなだのさけのさんちとしてゆうめいです。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"地方","gloss":"whole region","reading":"ちほう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"whole region","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"whole region"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なだ","gloss":"Nada"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"酒","gloss":"sake","reading":"さけ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"産地","gloss":"producing area","reading":"さんち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.010","source":"この 周辺 には 観光地 として 有名 な 所 は、ほとんど ありません。","translation":"There are hardly any places in this area that are famous as sightseeing spots.","reading":"このしゅうへんにはかんこうちとしてゆうめいなところは、ほとんどありません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"周辺","gloss":"area","reading":"しゅうへん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"観光","gloss":"sightseeing spot","reading":"かんこう"},{"text":"地","gloss":"sightseeing spot","reading":"ち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"famous"},{"text":"所","gloss":"places","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"hardly"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there are none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there are none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there are none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.011","source":"しかし、昔 から 須磨 や 明石 の 海岸 は 景色 が よい ので、知られて います。","translation":"However, the coasts of Suma and Akashi have long been known for their beautiful scenery.","reading":"しかし、むかしからすまやあかしのかいがんはけしきがよいので、しられています。","words":[{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"昔","gloss":"long ago","reading":"むかし"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"須磨","gloss":"Suma","reading":"すま"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"明石","gloss":"Akashi","reading":"あかし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coasts","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"景色","gloss":"scenery","reading":"けしき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"beautiful"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"are known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are known"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are known"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.012","source":"六甲山 は レクリエーション地 で、ドライブ・ウェー や ケーブルカー を 利用して 登れば、ゴルフ場 も あります。","translation":"Mount Rokko is a recreation area, and if you go up by the driveway or cable car, there is also a golf course.","reading":"ろっこうざんはレクリエーションちで、ドライブ・ウェーやケーブルカーをりようしてのぼれば、ゴルフじょうもあります。","words":[{"text":"六甲","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"ろっこう"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"ざん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"レクリエーション","gloss":"recreation area"},{"text":"地","gloss":"recreation area","reading":"ち"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ドライブ・","gloss":"driveway"},{"text":"ウェー","gloss":"driveway"},{"text":"や","gloss":"or"},{"text":"ケーブル","gloss":"cable car"},{"text":"カー","gloss":"cable car"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"利用","gloss":"use","reading":"りよう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"登れ","gloss":"climb","reading":"のぼれ"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf course"},{"text":"場","gloss":"golf course"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.013","source":"そこから ロープ・ウェー を 利用して、まや山 に 登ると、右に あわじ島 が 見え、左に 大阪湾 に 沿って 発達した 大都市 が 見え、ゆう大な","translation":"From there, if you take the ropeway up Mount Maya, you can see Awaji Island on the right and the large cities that have developed along Osaka Bay on the left, making a magnificent.","reading":"そこからロープ・ウェーをりようして、まやさんにのぼると、みぎにあわじしまがみえ、ひだりにおおさかわんにそってはったつしただいとしがみえ、ゆうだいな","words":[{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"ロープ・","gloss":"ropeway"},{"text":"ウェー","gloss":"ropeway"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"利用","gloss":"use","reading":"りよう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ま","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"や","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Maya","reading":"さん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"登る","gloss":"climb","reading":"のぼる"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"あわ","gloss":"Awaji Island"},{"text":"じ","gloss":"Awaji Island"},{"text":"島","gloss":"Awaji Island","reading":"しま"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"見え、","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka Bay","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"湾","gloss":"Osaka Bay","reading":"わん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"沿っ","gloss":"along","reading":"そっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"along"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"develop","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"大","gloss":"large cities","reading":"だい"},{"text":"都市","gloss":"large cities","reading":"とし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"見え、","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"ゆう","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"大","gloss":"magnificent","reading":"だい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"magnificent"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.014","source":"景色 です。","translation":"View.","reading":"けしきです。","words":[{"text":"景色","gloss":"view","reading":"けしき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.014.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L114.rd.015","source":"特に 夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい もので、夏 には すずみがてら、そこに 行く 人 が 多い そうです。","translation":"The night view in particular is splendid, and it is said that many people go there in summer while enjoying the cool air.","reading":"とくによるのながめときたら、すばらしいもので、なつにはすずみがてら、そこにいくひとがおおいそうです。","words":[{"text":"特に","gloss":"especially","reading":"とくに"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"night","reading":"よる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as for"},{"text":"来","gloss":"comes","reading":"き"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"splendid"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"is"},{"text":"夏","gloss":"summer","reading":"なつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すずみ","gloss":"cooling off"},{"text":"がてら、","gloss":"while"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"it is said"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.rd.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Port imports and cotton · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Reasons for Kobe's trade","paragraphs":["The questions ask what Kobe imported, where it came from, and why it passed through Kobe.","*輸入品 の 主な 物 は 何ですか* means \"What was the principal import?\" An answer names cotton.","Other answers connect Osaka's textile industries with Kobe's port and connect postwar industry with the increase in exports."]}],"lines":[{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.001","source":"神戸港 は 昔 から 輸入港 として 知られて いましたか。","translation":"Has the Port of Kobe been known as an import port since long ago?","reading":"こうべこうはむかしからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていましたか。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"港","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"昔","gloss":"long ago","reading":"むかし"},{"text":"から","gloss":"since"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"been known","reading":"しら"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"been known"},{"text":"て","gloss":"been known"},{"text":"い","gloss":"been known"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.001.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.002","source":"輸入品 の 主な 物 は 何ですか。","translation":"What was the principal import?","reading":"ゆにゅうひんのおもなものはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"品","gloss":"imports","reading":"ひん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"主な","gloss":"principal","reading":"おもな"},{"text":"物","gloss":"item","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.002.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.003","source":"どこから 輸入していましたか。","translation":"Where was it imported from?","reading":"どこからゆにゅうしていましたか。","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imported","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"imported"},{"text":"て","gloss":"imported"},{"text":"い","gloss":"imported"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.003.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.004","source":"大阪 は どんな 工業 が さかんですか。","translation":"What kinds of industries flourish in Osaka?","reading":"おおさかはどんなこうぎょうがさかんですか。","words":[{"text":"大阪","gloss":"Osaka","reading":"おおさか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds of"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industries","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.004.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.005","source":"こんな 工業 の 原料 は 何ですか。","translation":"What is the raw material for these industries?","reading":"こんなこうぎょうのげんりょうはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"these"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industries","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw material","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.005.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.006","source":"なぜ 綿 の 輸入 は 神戸港 を 通した のですか。","translation":"Why did imported cotton pass through the Port of Kobe?","reading":"なぜめんのゆにゅうはこうべこうをとおしたのですか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"綿","gloss":"cotton","reading":"めん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"港","gloss":"Port of Kobe","reading":"こうをと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"through"},{"text":"通し","gloss":"pass"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"that"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.006.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.007","source":"第二次世界大戦後 なぜ 輸出 が 輸入 の 倍 にも 増加しましたか。","translation":"Why did exports increase to twice the volume of imports after the Second World War?","reading":"だいにじせかいたいせんごなぜゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいにもぞうかしましたか。","words":[{"text":"第","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"二","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"次","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"大戦","gloss":"Second World War"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"輸出","gloss":"exports","reading":"ゆしゅつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"imports","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"twice","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increase","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Port industries and attractions · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Industries and views","paragraphs":["The questions ask about Kobe's industries, the Nada production area, and nearby sights.","*神戸 で もっとも さかんな 工業 は 何ですか* means \"What is the most flourishing industry in Kobe?\" An answer names shipbuilding.","Answers about Mount Maya name Awaji Island on the right and the cities along Osaka Bay on the left."]}],"lines":[{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.008","source":"今日 では 神戸 は 輸入港 と 言えますか。","translation":"Can Kobe be called an import port today?","reading":"こんにちではこうべはゆにゅうこうといえますか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"today"},{"text":"は","gloss":"today"},{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"輸入","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅう"},{"text":"港","gloss":"import port","reading":"こう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"can be called","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.008.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.009","source":"神戸 で もっとも さかんな 工業 は 何ですか。","translation":"What is the most flourishing industry in Kobe?","reading":"こうべでもっともさかんなこうぎょうはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"神戸","gloss":"Kobe","reading":"こうべ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"もっとも","gloss":"most"},{"text":"さかん","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"な","gloss":"flourishing"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.009.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.010","source":"この 地方一たい は 何 の 産地 として 有名 ですか。","translation":"What product is this whole region famous for producing?","reading":"このちほういったいはなんのさんちとしてゆうめいですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"地方","gloss":"whole region","reading":"ちほう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"whole region","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"whole region"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"産地","gloss":"production center","reading":"さんち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.010.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.011","source":"この 周辺 には 観光地 として 有名な 所 が ありますか。","translation":"Are there any places in this area that are famous as sightseeing spots?","reading":"このしゅうへんにはかんこうちとしてゆうめいなところがありますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"周辺","gloss":"area","reading":"しゅうへん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"観光","gloss":"sightseeing spots","reading":"かんこう"},{"text":"地","gloss":"sightseeing spots","reading":"ち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"有名","gloss":"famous","reading":"ゆうめい"},{"text":"な","gloss":"famous"},{"text":"所","gloss":"places","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.011.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.012","source":"須磨 や 明石 の 海岸 は どうですか。","translation":"What are the coasts of Suma and Akashi like?","reading":"すまやあかしのかいがんはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"須磨","gloss":"Suma","reading":"すま"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"明石","gloss":"Akashi","reading":"あかし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coasts","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what like"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.012.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.013","source":"六甲山 は どんな 所 ですか。","translation":"What kind of place is Mount Rokko?","reading":"ろっこうやまはどんなところですか。","words":[{"text":"六甲","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"ろっこう"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"やま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.013.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L114.q.014","source":"まや山 に 登る と、どこが 見えますか。","translation":"What can you see when you climb Mount Maya?","reading":"まややまにのぼると、どこがみえますか。","words":[{"text":"ま","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"や","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"text":"山","gloss":"Mount Maya","reading":"やま"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"登る","gloss":"climb","reading":"のぼる"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"what"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"見え","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.q.014.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Import and textile terms · Word list 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Imports, textiles, and exports","paragraphs":["These words cover cotton imports, Osaka's textile industries, and manufactured exports.","*輸入港* means \"port of import,\" while *輸出港* means \"port of export.\" *製品* means \"manufactured product.\"","The pair marks Kobe's change from receiving raw cotton to shipping manufactured products."]}],"lines":[{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.001","source":"古く から","translation":"from antiquity","reading":"ふるくから","words":[{"text":"古くから","gloss":"from antiquity","reading":"ふるくから"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.001.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.002","source":"輸入港","translation":"port of import","reading":"ゆにゅうこう","words":[{"text":"輸入港","gloss":"import port","reading":"ゆにゅうこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.002.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.003","source":"紡績業","translation":"cotton spinning industry","reading":"ぼうせきぎょう","words":[{"text":"紡績業","gloss":"cotton spinning industry","reading":"ぼうせきぎょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.003.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.004","source":"綿織物業","translation":"cotton textile industry","reading":"めんおりものぎょう","words":[{"text":"綿織物業","gloss":"cotton textile industry","reading":"めんおりものぎょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.004.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.005","source":"インド","translation":"India","reading":"インド","words":[{"text":"インド","gloss":"India"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.005.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.006","source":"エジプト","translation":"Egypt","reading":"エジプト","words":[{"text":"エジプト","gloss":"Egypt"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.006.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.007","source":"紡織業","translation":"spinning and weaving industry","reading":"ぼうしょくぎょう","words":[{"text":"紡織業","gloss":"spinning and weaving industry","reading":"ぼうしょくぎょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.007.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.008","source":"神戸 を 通しました","translation":"let it go through Kobe","reading":"こうべをとおしました","words":[{"text":"神戸を通しました","gloss":"passed through Kobe","reading":"こうべをとおしました"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.008.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.009","source":"製品","translation":"manufactured product","reading":"せいひん","words":[{"text":"製品","gloss":"manufactured product","reading":"せいひん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.009.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.010","source":"周辺","translation":"surrounding area","reading":"しゅうへん","words":[{"text":"周辺","gloss":"surrounding area","reading":"しゅうへん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.010.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.011","source":"目ざましい","translation":"eye-popping; remarkable","reading":"めざましい","words":[{"text":"目ざましい","gloss":"remarkable","reading":"めざましい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.011.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.012","source":"輸出港","translation":"port of export","reading":"ゆしゅつこう","words":[{"text":"輸出港","gloss":"export port","reading":"ゆしゅつこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"古くから","gloss":"from antiquity"},{"word":"輸入港","gloss":"port of import"},{"word":"紡績業","gloss":"cotton spinning industry"},{"word":"綿織物業","gloss":"cotton textile industry"},{"word":"インド","gloss":"India"},{"word":"紡織業","gloss":"spinning and weaving industry"},{"word":"神戸を通しました","gloss":"let it go through Kobe"},{"word":"目ざましい","gloss":"eye-popping; remarkable"},{"word":"輸出港","gloss":"port of export"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Industry, production and sightseeing · Word list 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Industry and sightseeing","paragraphs":["These words name Kobe's industries, production areas, and nearby places.","*造船業* means \"shipbuilding industry,\" and *酒造* means \"sake brewing.\" *観光地* means \"sightseeing area.\"","Place names include *須磨*, a district in Kobe, and *六甲山*, Mount Rokkoo in Kobe."]}],"lines":[{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.013","source":"はるかに","translation":"by far","reading":"はるかに","words":[{"text":"はるかに","gloss":"by far"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.013.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.014","source":"造船業","translation":"shipbuilding industry","reading":"ぞうせんぎょう","words":[{"text":"造船業","gloss":"shipbuilding industry","reading":"ぞうせんぎょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.014.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.015","source":"酒造","translation":"sake making; sake brewing","reading":"しゅぞう","words":[{"text":"酒造","gloss":"sake brewing","reading":"しゅぞう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.015.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.016","source":"一たい","translation":"area; belt","reading":"いったい","words":[{"text":"一たい","gloss":"area","reading":"いったい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.016.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.017","source":"この 地方一たい","translation":"all around this area","reading":"このちほういったい","words":[{"text":"この地方一たい","gloss":"all around this area","reading":"このちほういったい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.017.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.018","source":"なだ","translation":"P.N., Kobe area","reading":"なだ","words":[{"text":"なだ","gloss":"Kobe area"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.018.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.019","source":"産地","translation":"production center; an area producing; the home","reading":"さんち","words":[{"text":"産地","gloss":"production center","reading":"さんち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.019.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.020","source":"観光地","translation":"tourist attraction area; sightseeing area","reading":"かんこうち","words":[{"text":"観光地","gloss":"sightseeing area","reading":"かんこうち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.020.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.021","source":"須磨","translation":"P.N., a district in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"すま","words":[{"text":"須磨","gloss":"Suma district","reading":"すま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.021.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.022","source":"明石","translation":"P.N.; a scenic place west of Kobe","reading":"あかし","words":[{"text":"明石","gloss":"Akashi","reading":"あかし"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.022.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.023","source":"姫路","translation":"P.N.; capital city of Hyogo Prefecture","reading":"ひめじ","words":[{"text":"姫路","gloss":"Himeji","reading":"ひめじ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.023.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.024","source":"六甲山","translation":"Mt. Rokkoo in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"ろっこうやま","words":[{"text":"六甲山","gloss":"Mount Rokko","reading":"ろっこうやま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"はるかに","gloss":"by far"},{"word":"造船業","gloss":"shipbuilding industry"},{"word":"一たい","gloss":"anyway, -- on earth"},{"word":"この地方一たい","gloss":"all around this area"},{"word":"観光地","gloss":"tourist attraction area; sightseeing area"},{"word":"六甲山","gloss":"Mt. Rokkoo in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Mountains, transport and summer cooling · Word list 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Across the mountains","paragraphs":["These words cover mountain transport, Awaji Island, Arima Hot Spring, and summer cooling.","*ロープ・ウェー* means \"cable car,\" *あわじ島* means \"Awaji Isle,\" and *有馬温泉* means \"Arima Hot Spring.\"","*すずみ がてら* means \"to enjoy the cool breeze.\" *---と 来たら* means \"when it comes to.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.025","source":"ドライブ・ウェー","translation":"driveway (road)","reading":"ドライブ・ウェー","words":[{"text":"ドライブ・ウェー","gloss":"driveway"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.025.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.026","source":"ロープ・ウェー","translation":"cable car (suspension type)","reading":"ロープ・ウェー","words":[{"text":"ロープ・ウェー","gloss":"suspended cable car"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.026.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.027","source":"まや山","translation":"Mount Maya","reading":"まややま","words":[{"text":"まや山","gloss":"Mount Maya","reading":"まややま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.027.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.028","source":"あわじ島","translation":"Awaji Isle (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"あわじしま","words":[{"text":"あわじ島","gloss":"Awaji Island","reading":"あわじしま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.028.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.029","source":"大阪湾","translation":"Osaka Bay","reading":"おおさかわん","words":[{"text":"大阪湾","gloss":"Osaka Bay","reading":"おおさかわん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.029.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.030","source":"すずみ がてら","translation":"as a way of cooling off from the summer heat; to enjoy the cool breeze","reading":"すずみがてら","words":[{"text":"すずみがてら","gloss":"cool off in summer"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.030.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.031","source":"すずむ","translation":"cool oneself from the summer heat (v.i.)","reading":"すずむ","words":[{"text":"すずむ","gloss":"cool oneself"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.031.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.032","source":"有馬温泉","translation":"Arima Hotspring (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"ありまおんせん","words":[{"text":"有馬温泉","gloss":"Arima hot spring","reading":"ありまおんせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.032.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.033","source":"---と 来たら","translation":"when it comes to ---- (See Gram Notes)","reading":"---ときたら","words":[{"text":"---と来たら","gloss":"when it comes to","reading":"---ときたら"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.033.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L114.w.034","source":"めし よりも 好き","translation":"to like better than anything else","reading":"めしよりもすき","words":[{"text":"めしよりも好き","gloss":"like best","reading":"めしよりもすき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L114.w.034.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":7,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Topic title; Talk about Kobe\n\na(1) Industry\n\na(2) Export and import\n\na(3) Tourist attractions\n\na(4) Mt. Rokkoo\n\na(5) Compare Yokohama with Kobe\n\n2 Visual Cues;\n\na Look at the map on page 130 and the pictures on pages 131 to 134 and talk about them."},{"section":8,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Memorize the Dialogue and the vocabulary.\n\n2 Study the Grammar Perception Drill.\n\n3 Study the Pattern Practice and do the exercise following each pattern.\n\n4 Learn to read and write new Kanji.\n\n5 Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n6 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ドライブ・ウェー","gloss":"driveway (road)"},{"word":"ロープ・ウェー","gloss":"cable car (suspension type)"},{"word":"まや山","gloss":"Mount Maya"},{"word":"あわじ島","gloss":"Awaji Isle (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"大阪湾","gloss":"Osaka Bay"},{"word":"すずみがてら","gloss":"as a way of cooling off from the summer heat; to enjoy the cool breeze"},{"word":"すずむ","gloss":"cool oneself from the summer heat (v.i.)"},{"word":"有馬温泉","gloss":"Arima Hotspring (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"---と来たら","gloss":"when it comes to ---- (See Gram Notes)"},{"word":"めしよりも好き","gloss":"to like better than anything else"}],"paradigms":[]}]}