{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L119","title":"Lesson 119","stage":"Reading Japan","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 119: offering condolences for a father · dialogue 1 of 4, peaceful death and remembrance · dialogue 2 of 4, comforting the bereaved · dialogue 3 of 4, arranging the wake and funeral · dialogue 4 of 4, change to some degree · perception drill, describing gradual improvement · pattern 1 1 of 3, asking about gradual changes · pattern 1 2 of 3, changes in skills and health · pattern 1 3 of 3, a peaceful death recalled · questions 1 of 2, wake and funeral questions · questions 2 of 2, condolence and consolation words · word list 1 of 3, death, funeral and memorial words · word list 3 of 3.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/117","lines":101},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/116","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/118","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Offering condolences for a father · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Consolation after a full life","paragraphs":["A visitor offers condolences to a bereaved son. The son says, *としに 不足は 御ざいませんでした*: \"As far as his age is concerned there was nothing more to be desired.\"","The visitor replies, *その点では いくらか あきらめ が つきますね*: \"It is some consolation to you in that respect, isn't it?\""]},{"title":"Some consolation","paragraphs":["In *いくらか あきらめ が つきますね*, *いくらか* means \"to a certain degree\". It limits the consolation rather than making it complete."]},{"title":"Kanji: / 慰 to / 去","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.001","source":"この たびは 御不幸で、何と申し上げて よいか 言葉も 御ざいません。","translation":"You had a misfortune this time and I am at loss as to how to express myself.","reading":"このたびはごふこうで、なんともうしあげてよいかことばもございません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"たび","gloss":"occasion"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"misfortune","reading":"ご"},{"text":"不幸","gloss":"misfortune","reading":"ふこう"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"申し上げ","gloss":"say humbly","reading":"もうしあげ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"best"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"words","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"御","gloss":"there are no","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"there are no"},{"text":"い","gloss":"there are no"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.002","source":"遠い ところを わざわざ 有難う 御ざいました。","translation":"Thank you very much for taking special trouble to come a long way.","reading":"とおいところをわざわざありがとうございました。","words":[{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"distance"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"わざわざ","gloss":"specially"},{"text":"有難う","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ありがとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"was","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"was"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.003","source":"さぞ、お力落しで 御ざいましょう。","translation":"It must indeed have been a big shock to you?","reading":"さぞ、おちからおとしでございましょう。","words":[{"text":"さぞ、","gloss":"surely"},{"text":"お","gloss":"grief"},{"text":"力落し","gloss":"grief","reading":"ちからおとし"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"probably is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざい","gloss":"probably is"},{"text":"ましょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.004","source":"はい。しかし、としに 不足は 御ざいませんでした。","translation":"Yes, but as far as his age is concerned there was nothing more to be desired.","reading":"はい。しかし、としにふそくはございませんでした。","words":[{"text":"はい。","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"と","gloss":"age"},{"text":"し","gloss":"age"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"不足","gloss":"shortcoming","reading":"ふそく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"there was none","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"there was none"},{"text":"い","gloss":"there was none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.005","source":"その点では いくらか あきらめ が つきますね。","translation":"It is some consolation to you in that respect, isn't it?","reading":"そのてんではいくらかあきらめがつきますね。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"点","gloss":"respect","reading":"てん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"some"},{"text":"か","gloss":"some"},{"text":"あきらめ","gloss":"acceptance"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"つき","gloss":"comes"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.006","source":"はい、これが 父の じゅみょうでした。","translation":"Yes, this was the natural span of my father's life.","reading":"はい、これがちちのじゅみょうでした。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"ちち"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"じゅみょう","gloss":"natural lifespan"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"IKURAKA\nIKURAKA is an adverb meaning ”somewhat,” ”to some extent,” or ” a little.”\n\nExamples:\n\nIKURAKA EIGO GA HANASEMASU “I can speak English a little,”\n\nWATAKUSHI WA IKURAKA SORE O KITAI SHITE ITA. ”I sort of expected it,”\n\nKYOO WA IKURAKA KIBUN GA II YOO DA. ”I feel a little better today.”\n\nKARE NO IU KOTO WA IKURAKA HONTOO DA. ’’What he says contains some truth.”\n\nNIHONGO GA IKURAKA YASASHIKU NARIMASHITA. ’’Japanese has become somewhat easier.”"},{"section":2,"text":"1 KO-----\nKO is a prefix used with a name to mean “the deceased —” or \"the late —\"\n\nKO YAMADA-SHI \"The late Mr. Yamada”\n\nTO KENEDEE DAITOCBIYCX? \"the late President Kennedy\""},{"section":3,"text":"2 -----SHI\nSHI is usually attached to names to mean \"Mr. —,\" but sometimes it is used like the following.\n\nSUMISU, TANAKA RYOOSHI. \"Messrs. Smith and Tanaka.”"}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"も","gloss":"as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"い","gloss":"stomach"},{"word":"遠い","gloss":"far"},{"word":"ところ","gloss":"place (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"力落し","gloss":"disappointment; grief; sorrow"},{"word":"ましょう。","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いくら","gloss":"how much? how many?"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"父","gloss":"father"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"じゅみょう","gloss":"natural span of life"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Peaceful death and remembrance · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A peaceful death","paragraphs":["The son describes his father's final moments. *別に 苦しみも なく、眠る 様な 静かな 臨終で 御ざいました* means \"His last moments were quiet as if falling asleep without suffering any pain at all.\"","The visitor calls him *本当に 立派な、惜しい 方*, \"a splendid person who will be greatly missed.\""]},{"title":"A life without regret","paragraphs":["The deceased said, *死んでも くいる ことは ない*: \"He had nothing to be regretful even if he died.\"","The reason comes first. He had *立派に 一生を 楽しく すごして 来た*, or \"spent his life happily and splendidly.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.007","source":"安らかな 御臨終で 御ざいました でしょうね。","translation":"His last moments must have been peaceful?","reading":"やすらかなごりんじゅうでございましたでしょうね。","words":[{"text":"安らか","gloss":"peaceful","reading":"やすらか"},{"text":"な","gloss":"peaceful"},{"text":"御","gloss":"last moments","reading":"ご"},{"text":"臨終","gloss":"last moments","reading":"りんじゅう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"were"},{"text":"御","gloss":"were","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"were"},{"text":"い","gloss":"were"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"were"},{"text":"た","gloss":"were"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.008","source":"はい、最後まで しっかりしておりました。そして、別に 苦しみも なく、眠る 様な 静かな 臨終で 御ざいました。","translation":"Yes, he remained conscious until he died. His last moments were quiet as if falling asleep without suffering any pain at all.","reading":"はい、さいごまでしっかりしておりました。そして、べつにくるしみもなく、ねむるようなしずかなりんじゅうでございました。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"最後","gloss":"end","reading":"さいご"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"しっかり","gloss":"conscious"},{"text":"し","gloss":"remained conscious"},{"text":"て","gloss":"remained conscious"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"remained conscious"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"remained conscious"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"remained conscious"},{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at all"},{"text":"苦しみ","gloss":"suffering","reading":"くるしみ"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"なく、","gloss":"without"},{"text":"眠る","gloss":"sleep","reading":"ねむる"},{"text":"様","gloss":"like","reading":"よう"},{"text":"な","gloss":"like"},{"text":"静か","gloss":"quiet","reading":"しずか"},{"text":"な","gloss":"quiet"},{"text":"臨終","gloss":"last moments","reading":"りんじゅう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"were"},{"text":"御","gloss":"were","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"were"},{"text":"い","gloss":"were"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"were"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"were"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.009","source":"どうぞ あまり 力を お落しに ならない 様に。","translation":"Please don't be disheartened too much.","reading":"どうぞあまりちからをおおとしにならないように。","words":[{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"too much"},{"text":"力","gloss":"heart","reading":"ちから"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"lose heart"},{"text":"落し","gloss":"lose heart","reading":"おとし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"様","gloss":"so that","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に。","gloss":"so that"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.010","source":"故人も 前々から そう言っておりました。自分は 立派に 一生を 楽しく すごして 来たのだから、死んでも くいる ことは ないって 申して おりました。","translation":"The deceased had been saying the same thing from long before. He was saying that since he had spent his life happily and splendidly, he had nothing to be regretful even if he died.","reading":"こじんもまえまえからそういっておりました。じぶんはりっぱにいっしょうをたのしくすごしてきたのだから、しんでもくいることはないってもうしておりました。","words":[{"text":"故人","gloss":"the deceased","reading":"こじん"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"前々","gloss":"long before","reading":"まえまえ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"had been saying","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"had been saying"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"had been saying"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"had been saying"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"had been saying"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"himself","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"立派","gloss":"splendidly","reading":"りっぱ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"一生","gloss":"whole life","reading":"いっしょう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"楽しく","gloss":"happily","reading":"たのしく"},{"text":"すごし","gloss":"had spent"},{"text":"て","gloss":"had spent"},{"text":"来","gloss":"had spent","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"had spent"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"死ん","gloss":"die","reading":"しん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"くいる","gloss":"regret"},{"text":"こと","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"って","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"申し","gloss":"was saying","reading":"もうし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was saying"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"was saying"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was saying"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was saying"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.011","source":"本当に 立派な、惜しい 方で御ざいました。","translation":"He really was a splendid person who will be greatly missed.","reading":"ほんとうにりっぱな、おしいかたでございました。","words":[{"text":"本当","gloss":"truly","reading":"ほんとう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"立派","gloss":"splendid","reading":"りっぱ"},{"text":"な、","gloss":"splendid"},{"text":"惜しい","gloss":"greatly missed","reading":"おしい"},{"text":"方","gloss":"person","reading":"かた"},{"text":"で","gloss":"was"},{"text":"御","gloss":"was","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"was"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.012","source":"有難う 御ざいます。父も この様に 皆様から 惜しまれて 世を 去った のですから、喜んでいる 事でしょう。","translation":"Thank you very much. My father has departed from this world having been grieved over by everyone, and he probably is very pleased.","reading":"ありがとうございます。ちちもこのようにみなさまからおしまれてよをさったのですから、よろこんでいることでしょう。","words":[{"text":"有難う","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ありがとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"very much","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"い","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"ちち"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"everyone","reading":"みな"},{"text":"様","gloss":"everyone","reading":"さま"},{"text":"から","gloss":"by"},{"text":"惜しま","gloss":"was mourned","reading":"おしま"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"was mourned"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was mourned"},{"text":"世","gloss":"world","reading":"よ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"去っ","gloss":"leave","reading":"さっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"喜ん","gloss":"is pleased","reading":"よろこん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is pleased"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is pleased"},{"text":"事","gloss":"fact","reading":"こと"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"苦しみ","gloss":"suffering; pain"},{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"故人","gloss":"the deceased"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"自分","gloss":"self"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"くいる","gloss":"regret (v.t.)"},{"word":"惜しい","gloss":"regrettable; precious; loath to part with; a person who will be greatly missed"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"世","gloss":"the world"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Comforting the bereaved · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Care and memorial duties","paragraphs":["The visitor tells the son, *お体に 気を おつけに なって、おとむらい なさい*: \"Take good care of yourself and hold the service for the deceased.\"","This will console *なき お父さんの れい*, \"the deceased father's soul.\""]},{"title":"An offer of help","paragraphs":["The visitor offers help with *何でも 私で 出来る事が 御ざいましたら、御えんりょなく 申しつけて ください*: \"If there is anything I can do, please don't hesitate to tell me.\"","The exchange ends with reassurance: *おたがい 様ですから*, \"the feeling is mutual.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.013","source":"これからは お体に 気を おつけに なって、おとむらい なさい。それが なき お父さんの れいを 慰めるのに 一番いい 事だと 思います。","translation":"Take good care of yourself from now on and hold the service for the deceased. I think that will be the best thing in order to console the deceased father's soul.","reading":"これからはおからだにきをおつけになって、おとむらいなさい。それがなきおとうさんのれいをなぐさめるのにいちばんいいことだとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"your health"},{"text":"体","gloss":"your health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"気","gloss":"care","reading":"き"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"take care"},{"text":"つけ","gloss":"take care"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"memorial service"},{"text":"とむらい","gloss":"memorial service"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please do"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なき","gloss":"late"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"れい","gloss":"soul"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"慰める","gloss":"console","reading":"なぐさめる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"purpose"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"best","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"think","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.014","source":"はい。","translation":"Yes.","reading":"はい。","words":[{"text":"はい。","gloss":"yes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.015","source":"それから、何でも 私で 出来る事が 御ざいましたら、御えんりょなく 申しつけて ください。","translation":"And if there is anything I can do, please don't hesitate to tell me.","reading":"それから、なんでもわたくしでできることがございましたら、ごえんりょなくもうしつけてください。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"from"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"御","gloss":"if there is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"if there is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"if there is"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"if there is"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if there is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"without reserve","reading":"ご"},{"text":"えんりょ","gloss":"without reserve"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"without"},{"text":"申しつけ","gloss":"tell","reading":"もうしつけ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.016","source":"有難う 御ざいます。いつも 御やっかいに なるばかりで。","translation":"Thank you very much. I always am a burden to you.","reading":"ありがとうございます。いつもごやっかいになるばかりで。","words":[{"text":"有難う","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ありがとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"very much","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"い","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"御","gloss":"burden","reading":"ご"},{"text":"やっかい","gloss":"burden"},{"text":"に","gloss":"become"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"で。","gloss":"and"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.017","source":"いいえ、どういたしまして。どうぞ そんな 御心配は なさらないで。おたがい 様ですから。","translation":"No, not at all. Please don’t worry like that because the feeling is mutual.","reading":"いいえ、どういたしまして。どうぞそんなごしんぱいはなさらないで。おたがいさまですから。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"て。","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such"},{"text":"御","gloss":"worry","reading":"ご"},{"text":"心配","gloss":"worry","reading":"しんぱい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なさら","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"で。","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"mutual"},{"text":"たがい","gloss":"mutual"},{"text":"様","gloss":"mutual","reading":"さま"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.018","source":"有難う 御ざいます。","translation":"Thank you very much.","reading":"ありがとうございます。","words":[{"text":"有難う","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ありがとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"very much","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"い","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"very much"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"体","gloss":"body, health"},{"word":"とむらい","gloss":"service for the deceased"},{"word":"れい","gloss":"spirit; soul"},{"word":"慰める","gloss":"comfort; console; cheer; soothe (v.t.)"},{"word":"一番","gloss":"number one (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"出来る","gloss":"to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)"},{"word":"ください。","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"ばかり","gloss":"about"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Arranging the wake and funeral · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The wake and funeral","paragraphs":["The visitor asks, *お 通 夜 と おそう式は いつに なりますか*: \"When will the wake service and the funeral rites be?\"","The wake is tomorrow night. *そう式 は 明後日の 午後 二時に なっております* schedules the funeral for two in the afternoon the day after tomorrow."]},{"title":"Taking leave","paragraphs":["The visitor says, *これで 失礼 いたします*: \"I shall be leaving now.\"","*お忙しい ところを わざわざ お出で くださいまして、有難う 御ざいました* means \"Thank you very much for coming over when you are so busy.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 夜","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.019","source":"それから、お 通 夜 と おそう式は いつに なりますか。","translation":"Then, when will the wake service and the funeral rites be?","reading":"それから、おつやとおそうしきはいつになりますか。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"from"},{"text":"お","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"通","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おそう","gloss":"funeral rite"},{"text":"式","gloss":"funeral rite","reading":"しき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.020","source":"お 通 夜 は 明晩、そして そう式 は 明後日の 午後 二時に なっております。","translation":"The wake service is scheduled for tomorrow night and the funeral rite is scheduled for 2 p.m. the day after tomorrow.","reading":"おつやはみょうばん、そしてそうしきはあさってのごごにじになっております。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"通","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"wake service"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"明晩、","gloss":"tomorrow night","reading":"みょうばん"},{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"funeral rite"},{"text":"式","gloss":"funeral rite","reading":"しき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"明後日","gloss":"day after tomorrow"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"午後","gloss":"afternoon","reading":"ごご"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"に"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o'clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is scheduled"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.021","source":"左様で 御ざいますか。では、これで 失礼 いたします。","translation":"Is that right? I shall be leaving now.","reading":"さようでございますか。では、これでしつれいいたします。","words":[{"text":"左様","gloss":"so","reading":"さよう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"失礼","gloss":"leave","reading":"しつれい"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"do humbly"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L119.dlg.022","source":"お忙しい ところを わざわざ お出で くださいまして、有難う 御ざいました。","translation":"Thank you very much for coming over when you are so busy.","reading":"おいそがしいところをわざわざおいでくださいまして、ありがとうございました。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"忙しい","gloss":"busy","reading":"いそがしい"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"time"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"わざわざ","gloss":"specially"},{"text":"お","gloss":"come"},{"text":"出で","gloss":"come","reading":"いで"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"有難う","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ありがとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"was","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"was"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.dlg.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"通","gloss":"classifier for counting letters and telegrams"},{"word":"夜","gloss":"night, evening"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"明後日","gloss":"day after tomorrow"},{"word":"午後","gloss":"p.m., afternoon"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Change to some degree · Perception drill","teaching":[{"title":"A little ability","paragraphs":["*ええ、 いくらか。（話せます）* means \"Yes. I can speak a little.\" Here *いくらか* means \"somewhat\", \"to some extent\" or \"a little\".","*いくらか* describes a limited degree or amount. It can stand as the answer when the ability is understood from the question."]},{"title":"A change to some extent","paragraphs":["*おかげ様で、いくらか よくなりました* means \"Thanks to you she got better to some extent.\" *いくらか* limits the degree of improvement.","The same word limits other changes in understanding, weight, and the length of the day."]}],"lines":[{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.01","source":"いくらか あきらめ が つきます。","translation":"It is some consolation to me.","reading":"いくらかあきらめがつきます。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"some"},{"text":"か","gloss":"some"},{"text":"あきらめ","gloss":"acceptance"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"つき","gloss":"comes"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.02","source":"フランス 語 が 話せますか。","translation":"Can you speak French?","reading":"フランスごがはなせますか。","words":[{"text":"フランス","gloss":"French"},{"text":"語","gloss":"French","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.03","source":"ええ、 いくらか。（話せます）","translation":"Yes. (I can speak) a little.","reading":"ええ、いくらか。（はなせます）","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"（話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます）","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.04","source":"奥さんの 御病気 は いかが ですか。","translation":"How is your wife's illness?","reading":"おくさんのごびょうきはいかがですか。","words":[{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"御","gloss":"illness","reading":"ご"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いかが","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.05","source":"おかげ様で、いくらか よくなりました。","translation":"Thanks to you she got better to some extent.","reading":"おかげさまで、いくらかよくなりました。","words":[{"text":"おかげ","gloss":"thanks to you"},{"text":"様","gloss":"thanks to you","reading":"さま"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.06","source":"このごろ よく 日本映画 を 見に行きますね。","translation":"You go to see a Japanese movie often these days, don't you?","reading":"このごろよくにほんえいがをみにいきますね。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"often"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"映画","gloss":"movie","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.07","source":"ええ、始め は 面白くなかったが、このごろ いくらか わかる 様に なったので、面白くなりました。","translation":"Yes, it wasn't interesting at first, but I have come to understand it a little, so it became interesting.","reading":"ええ、はじめはおもしろくなかったが、このごろいくらかわかるようになったので、おもしろくなりました。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"始め","gloss":"at first","reading":"はじめ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"面白く","gloss":"interesting","reading":"おもしろく"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"か","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"様","gloss":"able to","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"面白く","gloss":"interesting","reading":"おもしろく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.08","source":"このごろ 少し やせた 様ですね。","translation":"You seem to have lost a little weight these days.","reading":"このごろすこしやせたようですね。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"lose weight"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.09","source":"ええ、この 学校に 来てから、いくらか やせて来た 様です。","translation":"Yes, since I came to this school, it seems that I have lost weight to some degree.","reading":"ええ、このがっこうにきてから、いくらかやせてきたようです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"since"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"has lost weight"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has lost weight"},{"text":"来","gloss":"has lost weight","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"has lost weight"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.10","source":"このごろ いくらか 日が 長くなった 様ですね。","translation":"It seems these days that the days got longer to some extent, doesn't it?","reading":"このごろいくらかひがながくなったようですね。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"日","gloss":"days","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"長く","gloss":"longer","reading":"ながく"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L119.gp1.11","source":"ええ、仕事から 帰っても まだ明るい ですからね。","translation":"Yes, because it is still light even after I come home from work.","reading":"ええ、しごとからかえってもまだあかるいですからね。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"帰っ","gloss":"return","reading":"かえっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"after"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"明るい","gloss":"light","reading":"あかるい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.gp1.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"映画","gloss":"movie"},{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"明るい","gloss":"light"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Describing gradual improvement · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Understanding some Japanese","paragraphs":["*日本語 が いくらか わかる 様に なりました* means \"I have come to understand some Japanese.\" The *いくらか* from *いくらか よくなりました* limits the new ability.","It also limits ability in *いくらか フランス語 が 話せます*: \"I can speak some French.\""]},{"title":"Gradual improvement","paragraphs":["*病気 が いくらか よくなりました* means \"The illness has gotten somewhat better.\"","With a change, *いくらか* marks its limited degree. The lines apply it to becoming easier, making progress, growing, and losing weight."]}],"lines":[{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.01","source":"いくらか 安くなりますか。","translation":"Will it become somewhat cheaper?","reading":"いくらかやすくなりますか。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"安く","gloss":"cheaper","reading":"やすく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.02","source":"日本語 が いくらか 上手に なりましたか。","translation":"Has your Japanese become somewhat better?","reading":"にほんごがいくらかじょうずになりましたか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.03","source":"日本語 が いくらか わかる 様に なりました。","translation":"I have come to understand some Japanese.","reading":"にほんごがいくらかわかるようになりました。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"some"},{"text":"か","gloss":"some"},{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"様","gloss":"able to","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.04","source":"いくらか フランス語 が 話せます。","translation":"I can speak some French.","reading":"いくらかフランスごがはなせます。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"some"},{"text":"か","gloss":"some"},{"text":"フランス","gloss":"French"},{"text":"語","gloss":"French","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.05","source":"病気 が いくらか よくなりました。","translation":"The illness has gotten somewhat better.","reading":"びょうきがいくらかよくなりました。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.06","source":"このごろ 日本語 が いくらか やさしくなりました。","translation":"Lately Japanese has become somewhat easier.","reading":"このごろにほんごがいくらかやさしくなりました。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"やさしく","gloss":"easier"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.07","source":"一か月 前 より いくらか 進歩しました。","translation":"I have made some progress since a month ago.","reading":"いっかげつまえよりいくらかしんぽしました。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one month"},{"text":"か月","gloss":"one month"},{"text":"前","gloss":"ago"},{"text":"より","gloss":"since"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"some"},{"text":"か","gloss":"some"},{"text":"進歩","gloss":"progress","reading":"しんぽ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"make"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.08","source":"この 松 の 木 は いくらか のびて来ました。","translation":"This pine tree has grown somewhat.","reading":"このまつのきはいくらかのびてきました。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"松","gloss":"pine","reading":"まつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"木","gloss":"tree","reading":"き"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"のび","gloss":"has grown"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has grown"},{"text":"来","gloss":"has grown","reading":"き"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"has grown"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"has grown"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.09","source":"あなた は 前 より いくらか やせましたね。","translation":"You have lost some weight since before, haven’t you?","reading":"あなたはまえよりいくらかやせましたね。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"前","gloss":"before","reading":"まえ"},{"text":"より","gloss":"since"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"lose weight"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"},{"word":"より","gloss":"than (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"木","gloss":"tree, wood"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about gradual changes · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A change in ability","paragraphs":["*このごろは いくらか 話せる 様に なったね* means \"Lately he has come to be able to speak some.\" *いくらか* limits the ability gained.","The same limit applies to health in *昨晩 より いくらか 熱 が さがった 様だ*: \"My fever seems to have gone down somewhat since last night.\""]},{"title":"Limited states and changes","paragraphs":["*いくらか 不安だね* means \"I'm somewhat worried.\" Here *いくらか* limits a feeling rather than a change.","It also limits becoming used to studying and the mornings and evenings becoming colder."]}],"lines":[{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.10","source":"パーカーさんは このごろ 日本語 が 少し 話せる 様に なったかね。","translation":"Has Mr. Parker come to be able to speak a little Japanese lately?","reading":"パーカーさんはこのごろにほんごがすこしはなせるようになったかね。","words":[{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"話せる","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせる"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.11","source":"うん、このごろは いくらか 話せる 様に なったね。","translation":"Yes, lately he has come to be able to speak some.","reading":"うん、このごろはいくらかはなせるようになったね。","words":[{"text":"うん、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"話せる","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせる"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.12","source":"熱 は まだ さがらないのか。","translation":"Hasn’t your fever gone down yet?","reading":"ねつはまださがらないのか。","words":[{"text":"熱","gloss":"fever","reading":"ねつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"さがら","gloss":"go down"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"is it that"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.13","source":"うん、昨晩 より いくらか 熱 が さがった 様だ。","translation":"Yes, it seems my fever has gone down somewhat since last night.","reading":"うん、さくばんよりいくらかねつがさがったようだ。","words":[{"text":"うん、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"昨晩","gloss":"last night","reading":"さくばん"},{"text":"より","gloss":"since"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"熱","gloss":"fever","reading":"ねつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さがっ","gloss":"go down"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"だ。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.14","source":"今日の 試験に パス 出来る と 思うか。","translation":"Do you think you can pass today’s examination?","reading":"きょうのしけんにパスできるとおもうか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"試験","gloss":"examination","reading":"しけん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"パス","gloss":"pass"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can","reading":"できる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思う","gloss":"think","reading":"おもう"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.15","source":"いくらか 不安だね。","translation":"I’m somewhat worried.","reading":"いくらかふあんだね。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"不安","gloss":"worried","reading":"ふあん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.16","source":"このごろは いくらか 勉強に なれて 来た 様だね。","translation":"It seems you have gotten somewhat used to studying lately, doesn’t it?","reading":"このごろはいくらかべんきょうになれてきたようだね。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なれ","gloss":"get used"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.16.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.17","source":"うん、前には 落着いて 勉強 出来なかったが、このごろでは 少し なれて 来たよ。","translation":"Yes, before I couldn’t settle down and study, but lately I’ve gotten a little used to it.","reading":"うん、まえにはおちついてべんきょうできなかったが、このごろではすこしなれてきたよ。","words":[{"text":"うん、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"前","gloss":"before","reading":"まえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"落着い","gloss":"settle down","reading":"おちつい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"なれ","gloss":"get used"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.17.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.18","source":"このごろ 朝晩 いくらか 寒くなって 来たね。","translation":"The mornings and evenings have gotten somewhat colder lately, haven’t they?","reading":"このごろあさばんいくらかさむくなってきたね。","words":[{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"朝晩","gloss":"mornings and evenings","reading":"あさばん"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"寒く","gloss":"cold","reading":"さむく"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.18.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"話せる","gloss":"to be able to speak"},{"word":"うん、","gloss":"Yes, all right."},{"word":"だ。","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"思う","gloss":"to think"},{"word":"朝晩","gloss":"morning and evening"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Changes in skills and health · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Skills and health","paragraphs":["*わかる* means \"to understand\", and *上手* means \"skillful\". These words describe understanding and skill.","*病気* means \"illness\", while *ふとる* means \"to gain weight\". The same group supplies words for health and weight."]}],"lines":[{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.19","source":"うん、もう 秋だからな。","translation":"Yes, it’s already autumn, after all.","reading":"うん、もうあきだからな。","words":[{"text":"うん、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"秋","gloss":"autumn","reading":"あき"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"な。","gloss":"you know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.20","source":"わかる","translation":"to understand","reading":"わかる","words":[{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.20.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.21","source":"やさしい","translation":"easy","reading":"やさしい","words":[{"text":"やさしい","gloss":"easy"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.22","source":"病気","translation":"illness","reading":"びょうき","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.23","source":"上手","translation":"skillful","reading":"じょうず","words":[{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.24","source":"話せる","translation":"can speak","reading":"はなせる","words":[{"text":"話せる","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.24.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L119.pt1.25","source":"ふとる","translation":"to gain weight","reading":"ふとる","words":[{"text":"ふとる","gloss":"gain weight"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.pt1.25.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"秋","gloss":"autumn, fall"},{"word":"な。","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"やさしい","gloss":"easy"},{"word":"ふとる","gloss":"to become stout (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"A peaceful death recalled · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The late, before a name","paragraphs":["The account gives the funeral schedule for *故村山氏*. Before a name, *故* means \"the deceased\" or \"the late\".","The questions ask when the father died, whether he remained conscious, whether he suffered, and what his last moments were like."]},{"title":"Mr. after a name","paragraphs":["In *故村山氏*, *氏* follows the name and usually means \"Mr.\" Together, the expression identifies \"the late Mr. Murayama.\"","*村山さんの お父さんは いつなくなられましたか* asks \"When did Mr. Murayama's father pass away?\" An answer gives the date *四月十四日*."]}],"lines":[{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.001","source":"村山さんの お父さんは 四月十四日に なくなられました。村山さんの 話しでは 最後まで しっかりして おられたそうです。そして、別に 苦しみもなく、眠る 様な 静かな 御臨終だったそうです。本当に 立派な、惜しい 方で 御ざいました。皆様から 惜しまれて、世を 去ったのだし、年にも 不足は なかったのですから、その点では、いくらか あきらめが ついたでしょう。村山さんの お父さん 御自身も、自分は 立派に 一生を 楽しく すごして 来たのだから、いつ 死んでも くいることは ないと おっしゃって おられたそうです。","translation":"Mr. Murayama’s father passed away on April 14. According to Mr. Murayama, he remained conscious until the end. He suffered no particular pain, and his last moments were said to have been peaceful, as if he were falling asleep. He was truly a fine man whose passing is deeply regretted. Since he left this world mourned by everyone and had lived to a ripe old age, that must have been some consolation. Mr. Murayama’s father himself is said to have remarked that he had lived a fine and happy life, so he would have no regrets whenever he died.","reading":"むらやまさんのおとうさんはしがつじゅうよっかになくなられました。むらやまさんのはなしではさいごまでしっかりしておられたそうです。そして、べつにくるしみもなく、ねむるようなしずかなごりんじゅうだったそうです。ほんとうにりっぱな、おしいかたでございました。みなさまからおしまれて、よをさったのだし、としにもふそくはなかったのですから、そのてんでは、いくらかあきらめがついたでしょう。むらやまさんのおとうさんごじしんも、じぶんはりっぱにいっしょうをたのしくすごしてきたのだから、いつしんでもくいることはないとおっしゃっておられたそうです。","words":[{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"四","gloss":"April"},{"text":"月","gloss":"April"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fourteenth"},{"text":"四","gloss":"fourteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fourteenth"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"なくなら","gloss":"pass away"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"},{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"account","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"で","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"最後","gloss":"end","reading":"さいご"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"しっかり","gloss":"conscious"},{"text":"し","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おら","gloss":"be"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particular","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"苦しみ","gloss":"pain","reading":"くるしみ"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"なく、","gloss":"without"},{"text":"眠る","gloss":"sleep","reading":"ねむる"},{"text":"様","gloss":"as if","reading":"よう"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"静か","gloss":"peaceful","reading":"しずか"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"御","gloss":"last moments","reading":"ご"},{"text":"臨終","gloss":"last moments","reading":"りんじゅう"},{"text":"だっ","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"本当","gloss":"truly","reading":"ほんとう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"立派","gloss":"fine","reading":"りっぱ"},{"text":"な、","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"惜しい","gloss":"greatly missed","reading":"おしい"},{"text":"方","gloss":"person","reading":"かた"},{"text":"で","gloss":"was"},{"text":"御","gloss":"was","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"was"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"everyone","reading":"みな"},{"text":"様","gloss":"everyone","reading":"さま"},{"text":"から","gloss":"by"},{"text":"惜しま","gloss":"mourn","reading":"おしま"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"passive"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"世","gloss":"world","reading":"よ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"去っ","gloss":"leave","reading":"さっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"since"},{"text":"年","gloss":"age","reading":"とし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"不足","gloss":"shortage","reading":"ふそく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"点","gloss":"respect","reading":"てん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"か","gloss":"somewhat"},{"text":"あきらめ","gloss":"consolation"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"つい","gloss":"come"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"御","gloss":"himself","reading":"ご"},{"text":"自身","gloss":"himself","reading":"じしん"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"also"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"self","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"立派","gloss":"fine","reading":"りっぱ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"一生","gloss":"lifetime","reading":"いっしょう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"楽しく","gloss":"happily","reading":"たのしく"},{"text":"すごし","gloss":"spend"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"whenever"},{"text":"死ん","gloss":"die","reading":"しん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"くいる","gloss":"regret"},{"text":"こと","gloss":"act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"おっしゃっ","gloss":"say"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おら","gloss":"be"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.001.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.002","source":"故村山氏の お通夜は 四月十五日の晩、そして おそう式は 十六日の午後二時に行なわれる事になっております。","translation":"The wake for the late Mr. Murayama is to be held on the evening of April 15, and the funeral at two o’clock in the afternoon on the 16th.","reading":"こむらやましのおつやはしがつじゅうごにちのばん、そしておそうしきはじゅうろくにちのごごにじにおこなわれることになっております。","words":[{"text":"故","gloss":"late","reading":"こ"},{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"氏","gloss":"Mr.","reading":"し"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"wake"},{"text":"通夜","gloss":"wake","reading":"つや"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"四","gloss":"April"},{"text":"月","gloss":"April"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"晩、","gloss":"evening","reading":"ばん"},{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"funeral"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"funeral"},{"text":"式","gloss":"funeral","reading":"しき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"十","gloss":"sixteenth"},{"text":"六","gloss":"sixteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"sixteenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"午後","gloss":"afternoon","reading":"ごご"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"に"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行なわ","gloss":"hold","reading":"おこなわ"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"passive"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.002.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.003","source":"村山さんの お父さんは いつなくなられましたか。","translation":"When did Mr. Murayama’s father pass away?","reading":"むらやまさんのおとうさんはいつなくなられましたか。","words":[{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"なくなら","gloss":"pass away"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.003.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.004","source":"死なれるまで、しっかりして おられましたか。","translation":"Did he remain conscious until he died?","reading":"しなれるまで、しっかりしておられましたか。","words":[{"text":"死な","gloss":"die","reading":"しな"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"まで、","gloss":"until"},{"text":"しっかり","gloss":"conscious"},{"text":"し","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おら","gloss":"be"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.004.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.005","source":"苦しみ が ありましたか。","translation":"Did he suffer any pain?","reading":"くるしみがありましたか。","words":[{"text":"苦しみ","gloss":"pain","reading":"くるしみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.005.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.006","source":"どんな 御臨終でしたか。","translation":"What were his last moments like?","reading":"どんなごりんじゅうでしたか。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"御","gloss":"last moments","reading":"ご"},{"text":"臨終","gloss":"last moments","reading":"りんじゅう"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"四","gloss":"four"},{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"年","gloss":"year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"つい","gloss":"just; only"},{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"れる","gloss":"to be able to --\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Wake and funeral questions · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The wake and funeral schedule","paragraphs":["The questions continue the account of *故村山氏*, \"the late Mr. Murayama.\" They ask about his own words, his age, and how others mourned him.","*故村山氏の お通夜は いつですか* asks \"When is the wake for the late Mr. Murayama?\" An answer gives when the wake is held.","The final question asks when the funeral is held, so its answer gives the date and time."]}],"lines":[{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.007","source":"村山さんの お父さんは 皆様から 惜しまれて 世を 去ったのですか。","translation":"Did Mr. Murayama’s father leave this world mourned by everyone?","reading":"むらやまさんのおとうさんはみなさまからおしまれてよをさったのですか。","words":[{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"everyone","reading":"みな"},{"text":"様","gloss":"everyone","reading":"さま"},{"text":"から","gloss":"by"},{"text":"惜しま","gloss":"mourn","reading":"おしま"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"passive"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"世","gloss":"world","reading":"よ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"去っ","gloss":"leave","reading":"さっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.007.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.008","source":"村山さんの お父さんは 年に不足が ありましたか。","translation":"Was Mr. Murayama’s father too young to die?","reading":"むらやまさんのおとうさんはとしにふそくがありましたか。","words":[{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"年","gloss":"age","reading":"とし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"不足","gloss":"shortage","reading":"ふそく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.008.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.009","source":"村山さんの お父さん 自身 は 何と 言って おられましたか。","translation":"What did Mr. Murayama’s father himself say?","reading":"むらやまさんのおとうさんじしんはなんといっておられましたか。","words":[{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"father"},{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"とう"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"father"},{"text":"自身","gloss":"himself","reading":"じしん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"say","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おら","gloss":"be"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.009.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.010","source":"故村山氏の お通夜は いつですか。","translation":"When is the wake for the late Mr. Murayama?","reading":"こむらやましのおつやはいつですか。","words":[{"text":"故","gloss":"late","reading":"こ"},{"text":"村山","gloss":"Murayama","reading":"むらやま"},{"text":"氏","gloss":"Mr.","reading":"し"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"wake"},{"text":"通夜","gloss":"wake","reading":"つや"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.010.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L119.q.011","source":"おそう式 は いつに なっていますか。","translation":"When is the funeral to be held?","reading":"おそうしきはいつになっていますか。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"funeral"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"funeral"},{"text":"式","gloss":"funeral","reading":"しき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.q.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Condolence and consolation words · Word list 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Condolence and consolation","paragraphs":["*あいとう* means \"deepest sympathy\" or \"condolence\". The words cover loss and responses to it.","*力落し* names \"grief\" or \"sorrow\", while *慰める* means \"comfort\" or \"console\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.001","source":"あいとう","translation":"deepest sympathy; condolence","reading":"あいとう","words":[{"text":"あいとう","gloss":"condolence"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.001.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.002","source":"御不幸","translation":"misfortune; disaster; unhappiness; death","reading":"ごふこう","words":[{"text":"御不幸","gloss":"bereavement","reading":"ごふこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.002.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.003","source":"何と申し上げて よいか","translation":"how to express myself (I’m at loss)","reading":"なんともうしあげてよいか","words":[{"text":"何と申し上げてよいか","gloss":"what can I say","reading":"なんともうしあげてよいか"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.003.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.004","source":"申し上げる","translation":"tell; express myself (v.t.)","reading":"もうしあげる","words":[{"text":"申し上げる","gloss":"humbly express","reading":"もうしあげる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.004.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.005","source":"遠い ところを","translation":"come a long way","reading":"とおいところを","words":[{"text":"遠いところを","gloss":"come a long way","reading":"とおいところを"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.005.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.006","source":"お力落しで御ざいましょう","translation":"it must have been a big shock","reading":"おちからおとしでございましょう","words":[{"text":"お力落しで御ざいましょう","gloss":"must be devastating","reading":"おちからおとしでございましょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.006.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.007","source":"力 を 落す","translation":"be disheartened; be discouraged","reading":"ちからをおとす","words":[{"text":"力を落す","gloss":"be disheartened","reading":"ちからをおとす"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.007.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.008","source":"力落し","translation":"disappointment; grief; sorrow","reading":"ちからおとし","words":[{"text":"力落し","gloss":"grief","reading":"ちからおとし"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.008.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.009","source":"あきらめがつく","translation":"to get over ----; to be some consolation","reading":"あきらめがつく","words":[{"text":"あきらめがつく","gloss":"find some consolation"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.009.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.010","source":"いくらか","translation":"to a certain degree; a certain amount (See Gram Notes)","reading":"いくらか","words":[{"text":"いくらか","gloss":"somewhat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.010.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.011","source":"慰める","translation":"comfort; console; cheer; soothe (v.t.)","reading":"なぐさめる","words":[{"text":"慰める","gloss":"comfort","reading":"なぐさめる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"あいとう","gloss":"deepest sympathy; condolence"},{"word":"御不幸","gloss":"misfortune; disaster; unhappiness; death"},{"word":"何と申し上げてよいか","gloss":"how to express myself (I’m at loss)"},{"word":"申し上げる","gloss":"tell; express myself (v.t.)"},{"word":"遠いところを","gloss":"come a long way"},{"word":"お力落しで御ざいましょう","gloss":"it must have been a big shock"},{"word":"力を落す","gloss":"be disheartened; be discouraged"},{"word":"あきらめがつく","gloss":"to get over ----; to be some consolation"},{"word":"いくらか","gloss":"to a certain degree; a certain amount (See Gram Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Death, regret and remembrance · Word list 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Last moments and remembrance","paragraphs":["*苦しみ* means \"suffering\" or \"pain\". The words cover death, regret, remembrance, and departure.","*惜しむ* can mean \"regret\" or \"lament\", while *去る* means \"leave\" or \"depart\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.012","source":"父","translation":"father","reading":"ちち","words":[{"text":"父","gloss":"father","reading":"ちち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.012.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.013","source":"安らかな","translation":"peaceful","reading":"やすらかな","words":[{"text":"安らかな","gloss":"peaceful","reading":"やすらかな"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.013.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.014","source":"(御)臨終","translation":"one’s last moments; at the hour of death","reading":"(ご)りんじゅう","words":[{"text":"(御)臨終","gloss":"last moments","reading":"(ご)りんじゅう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.014.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.015","source":"しっかりして おりました","translation":"was composed; remained conscious","reading":"しっかりしておりました","words":[{"text":"しっかりしておりました","gloss":"remained conscious"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.015.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.016","source":"苦しみ","translation":"suffering; pain","reading":"くるしみ","words":[{"text":"苦しみ","gloss":"pain","reading":"くるしみ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.016.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.017","source":"故人","translation":"the deceased","reading":"こじん","words":[{"text":"故人","gloss":"the deceased","reading":"こじん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.017.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.018","source":"くいる","translation":"regret (v.t.)","reading":"くいる","words":[{"text":"くいる","gloss":"regret"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.018.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.019","source":"惜しい","translation":"regrettable; precious; loath to part with; a person who will be greatly missed","reading":"おしい","words":[{"text":"惜しい","gloss":"greatly missed","reading":"おしい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.019.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.020","source":"惜しむ","translation":"regret; be sorry; lament; be stingy; value (v.t.)","reading":"おしむ","words":[{"text":"惜しむ","gloss":"mourn","reading":"おしむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.020.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.021","source":"世","translation":"the world","reading":"よ","words":[{"text":"世","gloss":"the world","reading":"よ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.021.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.022","source":"去る","translation":"leave; depart; go away (v.i.)","reading":"さる","words":[{"text":"去る","gloss":"depart","reading":"さる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"安らかな","gloss":"peaceful"},{"word":"(御)臨終","gloss":"one’s last moments; at the hour of death"},{"word":"しっかりしておりました","gloss":"was composed; remained conscious"},{"word":"惜しむ","gloss":"regret; be sorry; lament; be stingy; value (v.t.)"},{"word":"去る","gloss":"leave; depart; go away (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Funeral and memorial words · Word list 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Funeral and memorial duties","paragraphs":["*とむらう* means \"hold service for the deceased\". The words cover funeral duties, farewell, and formal reference to the deceased.","*故---* means \"the late such-and-such\", and *---氏* means \"Mr. ---\". Together they form a formal reference to the deceased."]}],"lines":[{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.023","source":"体に気をつける","translation":"take good care of yourself; look after one’s own health","reading":"からだにきをつける","words":[{"text":"体に気をつける","gloss":"take good care","reading":"からだにきをつける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.023.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.024","source":"とむらい","translation":"service for the deceased","reading":"とむらい","words":[{"text":"とむらい","gloss":"service for deceased"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.024.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.025","source":"とむらう","translation":"hold service for the deceased","reading":"とむらう","words":[{"text":"とむらう","gloss":"hold memorial service"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.025.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.026","source":"なきお父さん","translation":"the deceased father","reading":"なきおとうさん","words":[{"text":"なきお父さん","gloss":"deceased father","reading":"なきおとうさん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.026.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.027","source":"れい","translation":"spirit; soul","reading":"れい","words":[{"text":"れい","gloss":"spirit"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.027.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.028","source":"申しつける","translation":"to tell; to command (v.t.)","reading":"もうしつける","words":[{"text":"申しつける","gloss":"command","reading":"もうしつける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.028.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.029","source":"おいとまする","translation":"bid farewell; bid goodbye (v.i.)","reading":"おいとまする","words":[{"text":"おいとまする","gloss":"bid farewell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.029.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.030","source":"お通夜","translation":"wake (service)","reading":"おつや","words":[{"text":"お通夜","gloss":"wake service","reading":"おつや"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.030.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.031","source":"故---","translation":"the late such-and-such (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"こ---","words":[{"text":"故---","gloss":"the late","reading":"こ---"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.031.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L119.w.032","source":"---氏","translation":"Mr. --- (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"---し","words":[{"text":"---氏","gloss":"Mr.","reading":"---し"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L119.w.032.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":4,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Topic titles:\n\na Give expressions of condolence on the following occasions.\n\n(1) The death of one’s mother, who is 78 years old.\n\n(2) The death of one’s child.\n\n(3) The death of one’s husband, who is 40 years old."},{"section":5,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Memorize the Dialogue and the vocabulary.\n\n2 Study the Grammar Perception Drill.\n\n3 Study the Pattern Practice and do the exercise following each pattern.\n\n4 Learn to read the write new Kanji.\n\n5 Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n6 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercise given."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"体に気をつける","gloss":"take good care of yourself; look after one’s own health"},{"word":"とむらう","gloss":"hold service for the deceased"},{"word":"なきお父さん","gloss":"the deceased father"},{"word":"申しつける","gloss":"to tell; to command (v.t.)"},{"word":"おいとまする","gloss":"bid farewell; bid goodbye (v.i.)"},{"word":"お通夜","gloss":"wake (service)"},{"word":"故---","gloss":"the late such-and-such (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"---氏","gloss":"Mr. --- (See Cult. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]}]}