{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L012","title":"Lesson 12","stage":"Sounds, kana, and the first conversations","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 12: counting adults and children · dialogue 1 of 4, boys, ages, older and younger people · dialogue 4 of 4, saying people are present · pattern 1 1 of 2, asking who and how many · pattern 1 2 of 2, referring to the other one · pattern 2 1 of 2, separating others from groups · pattern 2 2 of 2, saying none are present · pattern 3 1 of 2, asking and answering none · pattern 3 2 of 2, asking children's ages · pattern 4 1 of 2, estimating children's ages · pattern 4 2 of 2, giving two possible answers · pattern 5 1 of 2, asking between two possibilities · pattern 5 2 of 2, people by age and sex · word list 1 of 4, age and quantity expressions · word list 2 of 4, numbers and absence expressions · word list 3 of 4, counting people to ten · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/12","lines":131},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/11","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/13","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Counting adults and children · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Ten people in a picture","paragraphs":["A speaker asks, *この えに 人が なん人 居ますか*, \"How many people are there in this picture?\"","The answer is *十人 居ます*, \"There are ten people.\" The people are then counted from *一人* through *十人*."]},{"title":"Adults and children","paragraphs":["The conversation separates adults from children. *子どもが 四人 居ます* means \"There are four children.\"","Listen for *居ます* when people are present, and for the special person forms *一人* and *二人*."]},{"title":"Kanji: 居, 子, 人","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 三 to 七","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 八, 九, 十","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.001","source":"ここに えが あります。 この えに 人が なん人 居ますか。","translation":"Here is a picture. How many people are there in this picture?","reading":"ここにえがあります。このえにひとがなんにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なん","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.002","source":"十人 居ます。","translation":"There are ten people.","reading":"じゅうにんいます。","words":[{"text":"十","gloss":"ten people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"ten people"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.003","source":"かぞえてください。","translation":"Please count.","reading":"かぞえてください。","words":[{"text":"かぞえ","gloss":"count"},{"text":"て","gloss":"count"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.004","source":"はい、 一人、二人、 三人、 四人、 五人、 六人、 七人、 八人、 九人、 十人。","translation":"Certainly, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.","reading":"はい、ひとり、ふたり、さんにん、よにん、ごにん、ろくにん、しちにん、はちにん、くにん、じゅうにん。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"certainly"},{"text":"一人、","gloss":"one"},{"text":"二人、","gloss":"two"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"three"},{"text":"四","gloss":"four"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"four"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"five"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"six"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"eight"},{"text":"九","gloss":"nine"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"nine"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"text":"人。","gloss":"ten"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.005","source":"みんな おとなですか。","translation":"Are they all adults?","reading":"みんなおとなですか。","words":[{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"おとな","gloss":"adults"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.006","source":"いいえ、 子どもが 四人 居ます。","translation":"No, there are four children.","reading":"いいえ、こどもがよにんいます。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"子ども","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"四","gloss":"four"},{"text":"人","gloss":"four"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"Existential verb for animate subject (IMASU)\n\nExistential verb ARIMASU for inanimate subjects was introduced in Lesson 6. The word IMASU is also an existential verb, and it is used normally when the subject is animate or living (a person or animal). The notes with regard to the particle NI, GA, and WA are also applicable to existential sentences with the verb IMASU. IMASEN is the negative form of IMASU.\n\nExamples:\n\nKOKO NI ONNA NO KO GA IMASU. \"Here is a girl.\"\n\nSENSEI GA GONIN IMASU. \"There are five teachers.\"\n\nAKANBOO WA IMASEN. \"There is no baby.\""},{"section":2,"text":"Numerals of Series II\n\nNumerals of Series I, which are the native way of counting, have already been introduced in Lesson 10. Numerals of Series II, which are the sets of numerals\n\nborrowed from the Chinese language, are as follows:\n\n| | | \nICHI | 1 | ROKU | 6\nNI | 2 | SHICHI or NANA | 7\nSAN | 3 | HACHI | 8\nSHI or YON | 4 | KU or KYUU | 9\nGO | 5 | JUU | 10"},{"section":3,"text":"Counting people and their ages\n\nThe counter for people has two forms, -ri for '1' and '2' and -nin for higher numerals. -Ri combines with the numerals of Series I and -nin with the numerals of Series II. Thus:\n\n| \nHITO-RI | one person\nFUTA-RI | two people\nSAN-NIN | three \"\n* YO-NIN | four \"\nGO-NIN | five \"\nROKU-NIN | six \"\nSHICHI-NIN | seven \"\nHACHI-NIN | eight \"\nKU-NIN | nine \"\n\nJUU-NIN ten people\n\nNAN-NIN how many people?\n\nIKU-NIN how many people?\n\n* Note that 'four people' is YO-NIN instead of SHI-NIN or YON-NIN.\n\nThe numbers used in counting people's ages are identical with those used in counting objects (HITO-TSU, FUTA-TSU, MIT-TSU, etc.) except for the special word HATACHI, '20 years old.'"},{"section":4,"text":"MOO + numerals\n\nMOO, meaning 'more,' is placed immediately in front of numerals and gives the meaning of 'the other ---,' or '--more.' In this lesson MOO plus numerals is used as the subject of a sentence.\n\nMOO HITORI WA SENSEI DESU. \"The other one is a teacher\" or \"One more is a teacher.\"\n\nMOO FUTARI WA OTOKO-NO-KO DESU. \"The other two are boys\" or \"Two more are boys.\"\n\nMOO HITOTSU WA OOKII DESU. \"The other one is large\" or \"One more is large.\""},{"section":5,"text":"ONE + counter + MO--MASEN\n\nWords such as NIN ( 人 ) are called counters. The pattern (one + counter + MO MASEN) means \"there is not even one ---.\" Note there that MO means 'even' and that the pattern ends in negation.\n\nExamples:\n\nONNA NO SEITO WA HITORI MO IMASEN. \"There is not even one female student.\"\n\nKI NO HAKO WA HITOTSU MO ARIMASEN. \"There is not even one wooden box.\""},{"section":6,"text":"Particle KA, 'either -- or'\n\nPlaced between two substantives (nouns and pronouns), the particle KA means 'either -- or --.'\n\nExamples:\n\nHAKO NO NAKA NI PEN KA ENPITSU GA ARIMASU. \"There are either pens or pencils in the box.\"\n\nANO KATA WA TANAKA-SAN KA YOSHIDA-SAN DESU. \"He is either Mr. Tanaka or Mr. Yoshida.\"\n\nHON WA TSUKUE NO UE KA NAKA NI ARIMASU. \"The book is either on or in the desk.\""}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"一人、","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"二人、","gloss":"2 people"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"四","gloss":"four"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"九","gloss":"nine"},{"word":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"word":"おとな","gloss":"adult"},{"word":"子ども","gloss":"child, children"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Boys, girls, babies and ages · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The other two children","paragraphs":["Two children are boys, while *もう 二人は 女の子です* means \"the other two are girls.\"","Here *もう* stands immediately before *二人* and marks the other members of the group."]},{"title":"Not even one baby","paragraphs":["The question asks how many babies are present. *あかんぼうは 一人も 居ません* means \"There is not even one baby.\"","The conversation then gives a child's age with *九つ*, \"nine.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 男, 女","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.007","source":"子どもは みんな 男の子ですか。","translation":"Are the children all boys?","reading":"こどもはみんなおとこのこですか。","words":[{"text":"子ども","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boys"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.008","source":"いいえ、 二人は 男の子ですが、 もう 二人は 女の子です。","translation":"No, two are boys, but the other two are girls.","reading":"いいえ、ふたりはおとこのこですが、もうふたりはおんなのこです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"二人","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boys"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"二人","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girls"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.009","source":"あかんぼうが いく人 居ますか。","translation":"How many babies are there?","reading":"あかんぼうがいくにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"あかんぼう","gloss":"babies"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.010","source":"あかんぼうは 一人も 居ません。","translation":"There is not even one baby.","reading":"あかんぼうはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"あかんぼう","gloss":"baby"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.011","source":"おおきい 男の子は いくつ ですか。","translation":"What is the age of the bigger boy?","reading":"おおきいおとこのこはいくつですか。","words":[{"text":"おおきい","gloss":"bigger"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.012","source":"おおきいのは 九つです。","translation":"The bigger one is nine.","reading":"おおきいのはここのつです。","words":[{"text":"おおきい","gloss":"bigger"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"九","gloss":"nine years old","reading":"ここの"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"nine years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"word":"二人","gloss":"2 people"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"word":"あかんぼう","gloss":"baby"},{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Ages, adults and men · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Six or seven","paragraphs":["A speaker asks the smaller boy's approximate age. *六つか 七つです* means \"He is six or seven.\"","The particle *か* stands between the two possible ages."]},{"title":"Adults and men","paragraphs":["The conversation counts adults, then men. *男の人が 三人 居ます* means \"There are three men.\"","Listen for *なん人* and *いく人*, which both ask how many people are present."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.013","source":"ちいさい 男の子は いくつぐらいですか。","translation":"About what is the age of the smaller boy?","reading":"ちいさいおとこのこはいくつぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"ちいさい","gloss":"smaller"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.014","source":"六つか 七つです。","translation":"He is six or seven.","reading":"むっつかななつです。","words":[{"text":"六","gloss":"six years old","reading":"むっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"six years old"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven years old","reading":"なな"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"seven years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.015","source":"この えには おとなが いく人 居ますか。","translation":"How many adults are there in this picture?","reading":"このえにはおとながいくにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おとな","gloss":"adults"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.016","source":"六人 居ます。","translation":"There are six.","reading":"ろくにんいます。","words":[{"text":"六","gloss":"six"},{"text":"人","gloss":"six"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.017","source":"男の人が なん人 居ますか。","translation":"How many men are there?","reading":"おとこのひとがなんにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"男","gloss":"men","reading":"おとこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"men"},{"text":"人","gloss":"men","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なん","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.018","source":"男の人が 三人 居ます。","translation":"There are three men.","reading":"おとこのひとがさんにんいます。","words":[{"text":"男","gloss":"men","reading":"おとこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"men"},{"text":"人","gloss":"men","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three"},{"text":"人","gloss":"three"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"男","gloss":"male"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Older and younger people · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The remaining person","paragraphs":["After two older people are counted, *もう 一人の 人は わかい 人ですね* identifies the other person as young.","The picture also has five females. *女の人が 三人 と 女の子が 二人 居ます* counts three women and two girls."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.019","source":"としよりの 人が 居ますか。","translation":"Are there older people?","reading":"としよりのひとがいますか。","words":[{"text":"としより","gloss":"older"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.020","source":"はい、 二人 居ます。","translation":"Yes, there are two.","reading":"はい、ふたりいます。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"二人","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.021","source":"では、 もう 一人の 人は わかい 人ですね。","translation":"Then, the other person is a young person, isn't that right?","reading":"では、もうひとりのひとはわかいひとですね。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかい","gloss":"young"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.022","source":"ええ、 そうです。","translation":"Yes, that's right.","reading":"ええ、そうです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that's right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.022.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.023","source":"この えには 女が 五人 居ますね。","translation":"There are five females in this picture, aren't there?","reading":"このえにはおんながごにんいますね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"女","gloss":"females","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five"},{"text":"人","gloss":"five"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.023.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L012.dlg.024","source":"はい、 女の人が 三人 と 女の子が 二人 居ます。","translation":"Yes, there are three women and two girls.","reading":"はい、おんなのひとがさんにんとおんなのこがふたりいます。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"女","gloss":"women","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"の","gloss":"women"},{"text":"人","gloss":"women","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"人","gloss":"three","reading":"にん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girls"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"二人","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.dlg.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"わかい","gloss":"young"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"女","gloss":"female"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying people are present · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A verb for living beings","paragraphs":["*せんせいが 居ます* means \"There is a teacher.\" *居ます* says that a person or animal is present.","*あります* is used for things without life. *居ません* is the negative form of *居ます*."]},{"title":"Place and number","paragraphs":["A place can come before the person, as in *ここに 男の子が 居ます*, \"There is a boy here.\"","A number can stand before *居ます*. *この きょうしつに せいとが 七人 居ます* means \"There are seven students in this classroom.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.m1","source":"せんせいが 居ます。","translation":"There is a teacher.","reading":"せんせいがいます。","words":[{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.01","source":"ここに 男の子が 居ます。","translation":"There is a boy here.","reading":"ここにおとこのこがいます。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.02","source":"女の子が 居ます。","translation":"There is a girl.","reading":"おんなのこがいます。","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.03","source":"たなかさんが 居ます。","translation":"There is Mr. Tanaka.","reading":"たなかさんがいます。","words":[{"text":"たなか","gloss":"Tanaka"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.04","source":"あそこに 子どもが 居ます。","translation":"There is a child over there.","reading":"あそこにこどもがいます。","words":[{"text":"あそこ","gloss":"over there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.05","source":"この きょうしつに せいとが 居ます。","translation":"There are students in this classroom.","reading":"このきょうしつにせいとがいます。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"きょうしつ","gloss":"classroom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.06","source":"この きょうしつに せいとが 七人 居ます。","translation":"There are seven students in this classroom.","reading":"このきょうしつにせいとがしちにんいます。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"きょうしつ","gloss":"classroom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"人","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"あそこ","gloss":"over there"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking who and how many · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A second set of numbers","paragraphs":["*この えに 人が 十人 居ます* means \"There are ten people in this picture.\"","Japanese has a second set of numbers, borrowed from Chinese. It runs from *ICHI* through *JUU*."]},{"title":"The forms for people","paragraphs":["*六人 居ます* means \"There are six.\" The form *六人* combines the number with *人*.","A counter follows a number and names what is counted. Here *人* is the counter for people.","One and two people use *一人* and *二人*. Higher numbers use the second number series with *人*."]},{"title":"Ask how many people","paragraphs":["*この きょうしつに せいとが なん人居ますか* means \"How many students are there in this classroom?\"","An answer gives the counted form before *居ます*. *六人 居ます* means \"There are six.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.07","source":"この えに 人が 十人 居ます。","translation":"There are ten people in this picture.","reading":"このえにひとがじゅうにんいます。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"text":"人","gloss":"ten"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.08","source":"あそこに だれが 居ますか。","translation":"Who is over there?","reading":"あそこにだれがいますか。","words":[{"text":"あそこ","gloss":"over there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.09","source":"あそこに やまださんが 居ます。","translation":"There is Mr. Yamada over there.","reading":"あそこにやまださんがいます。","words":[{"text":"あそこ","gloss":"over there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"やまだ","gloss":"Yamada"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.10","source":"この きょうしつに せいとが なん人居ますか。","translation":"How many students are there in this classroom?","reading":"このきょうしつにせいとがなんにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"きょうしつ","gloss":"classroom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なん","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.11","source":"六人 居ます。","translation":"There are six.","reading":"ろくにんいます。","words":[{"text":"六","gloss":"six"},{"text":"人","gloss":"six"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.12","source":"この えに 男の人が なん人居ますか。","translation":"How many men are there in this picture?","reading":"このえにおとこのひとがなんにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"え","gloss":"picture"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"男","gloss":"men","reading":"おとこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"men"},{"text":"人","gloss":"men","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なん","gloss":"how many people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt1.13","source":"三人 居ます。","translation":"There are three.","reading":"さんにんいます。","words":[{"text":"三","gloss":"three"},{"text":"人","gloss":"three"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt1.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Referring to the other one · Pattern 2 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The other one","paragraphs":["*もう一人は 女の子です* means \"The other one is a girl.\"","*もう* immediately before a number means \"the other\" or \"more.\" *もう二人* is \"the other two\" or \"two more.\""]},{"title":"People and objects","paragraphs":["The same order works with different counters. *もう一人* refers to another person, while *もう 一つ* refers to another object.","The phrase can be the topic, as in *もう 一つは わたくしのです*, \"The other one is mine.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.m1","source":"もう一人は 女の子です。","translation":"The other one is a girl.","reading":"もうひとりはおんなのこです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.01","source":"もう一人は 男の子です。","translation":"The other one is a boy.","reading":"もうひとりはおとこのこです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.02","source":"もう二人は しょうこうです。","translation":"The other two are officers.","reading":"もうふたりはしょうこうです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"二人","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"しょうこう","gloss":"officers"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.03","source":"もう一人は せんせいです。","translation":"The other one is a teacher.","reading":"もうひとりはせんせいです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.04","source":"もう 一つは あかい はなです。","translation":"The other one is a red flower.","reading":"もうひとつはあかいはなです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あかい","gloss":"red"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.05","source":"もう 一つは わたくしのです。","translation":"The other one is mine.","reading":"もうひとつはわたくしのです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わたくし","gloss":"I"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"あかい","gloss":"red"},{"word":"はな","gloss":"flower"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Separating others from groups · Pattern 2 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"One group and the other","paragraphs":["*六人は せいとで、 もう一人は せんせいです* means \"Six are students and the other one is a teacher.\"","The first counted group is followed by the other person, using *もう一人*."]},{"title":"The same contrast with objects","paragraphs":["*三つは わたくしのですが、 もう一つは たむらさんのです* separates three objects from the other one.","The sentence means \"Three are mine, but the other one is Mr. Tamura's.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.06","source":"この 人たちは みんな せいとですか。","translation":"Are these people all students?","reading":"このひとたちはみんなせいとですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"people"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.07","source":"いいえ、 六人は せいとで、 もう一人は せんせいです。","translation":"No, six are students and the other one is a teacher.","reading":"いいえ、ろくにんはせいとで、もうひとりはせんせいです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six people","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"人","gloss":"six people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.08","source":"この 人たちは みんな おとなですか。","translation":"Are these people all adults?","reading":"このひとたちはみんなおとなですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"people"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"おとな","gloss":"adults"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.09","source":"いいえ、 三人は おとなですが、 もう一人は 子どもです。","translation":"No, three are adults, but the other one is a child.","reading":"いいえ、さんにんはおとなですが、もうひとりはこどもです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three people","reading":"さん"},{"text":"人","gloss":"three people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おとな","gloss":"adults"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.10","source":"これは みんな あなたのですか。","translation":"Are these all yours?","reading":"これはみんなあなたのですか。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"these"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt2.11","source":"いいえ、 三つは わたくしのですが、 もう一つは たむらさんのです。","translation":"No, three are mine, but the other one is Mr. Tamura's.","reading":"いいえ、みっつはわたくしのですが、もうひとつはたむらさんのです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three things","reading":"みっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"three things"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わたくし","gloss":"I"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"other"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one thing","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one thing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"たむら","gloss":"Tamura"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying none are present · Pattern 3 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Not even one","paragraphs":["*ここに せいとは 一人も 居ません* means \"There is not even one student here.\"","One, a counter, and *も* before a negative verb mean \"not even one.\" Here *も* means \"even.\""]},{"title":"People and objects","paragraphs":["People take *一人も 居ません*. Objects take *一つも ありません*.","*あかい はなは 一つも ありません* means \"There is not even one red flower.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.m1","source":"ここに せいとは 一人も 居ません。","translation":"There is not even one student here.","reading":"ここにせいとはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"student"},{"text":"と","gloss":"student"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.m1.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.01","source":"あかい はなは 一つも ありません。","translation":"There is not even one red flower.","reading":"あかいはなはひとつもありません。","words":[{"text":"あかい","gloss":"red"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.02","source":"子どもは 一人も 居ません。","translation":"There is not even one child.","reading":"こどもはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.03","source":"しょうこうは 一人も 居ません。","translation":"There is not even one officer.","reading":"しょうこうはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"しょうこう","gloss":"officer"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.04","source":"女の せいとは 一人も 居ません。","translation":"There is not even one female student.","reading":"おんなのせいとはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"女","gloss":"female","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"student"},{"text":"と","gloss":"student"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.05","source":"はこは 一つも ありません。","translation":"There is not even one box.","reading":"はこはひとつもありません。","words":[{"text":"はこ","gloss":"box"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.06","source":"いすは 一つも ありません。","translation":"There is not even one chair.","reading":"いすはひとつもありません。","words":[{"text":"いす","gloss":"chair"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking and answering none · Pattern 3 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A negative answer about people","paragraphs":["*女の子が たくさん 居ますか* asks whether many girls are present.","The negative answer is *女の子は 一人も 居ません*, \"There is not even one girl.\""]},{"title":"A negative answer about objects","paragraphs":["Objects use *一つも ありません*.","*しろい はなは 一つも ありません* means \"There is not even one white flower.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.07","source":"女の子が たくさん 居ますか。","translation":"Are there many girls?","reading":"おんなのこがたくさんいますか。","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girls"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"たくさん","gloss":"many"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.08","source":"いいえ、 女の子は 一人も 居ません。","translation":"No, there is not even one girl.","reading":"いいえ、おんなのこはひとりもいません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.08.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.09","source":"この きょうしつに しょうこうが 居ますか。","translation":"Are there officers in this classroom?","reading":"このきょうしつにしょうこうがいますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"きょうしつ","gloss":"classroom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"しょうこう","gloss":"officers"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.10","source":"いいえ、 しょうこうは 一人も 居ません。 みんな かしかんです。","translation":"No, there is not even one officer. They are all NCO's.","reading":"いいえ、しょうこうはひとりもいません。みんなかしかんです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"しょうこう","gloss":"officer"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"みんな","gloss":"all"},{"text":"か","gloss":"NCOs"},{"text":"しか","gloss":"NCOs"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"NCOs"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.11","source":"かびんの なかに しろい はなが たくさん ありますか。","translation":"Are there many white flowers in the flower vase?","reading":"かびんのなかにしろいはながたくさんありますか。","words":[{"text":"かびん","gloss":"flower vase"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"なか","gloss":"inside"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"しろい","gloss":"white"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flowers"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"たくさん","gloss":"many"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt3.12","source":"いいえ、 しろい はなは 一つも ありません。","translation":"No, there is not even one white flower.","reading":"いいえ、しろいはなはひとつもありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"しろい","gloss":"white"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt3.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"たくさん","gloss":"many"},{"word":"かびん","gloss":"flower vase"},{"word":"しろい","gloss":"white"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking children's ages · Pattern 4 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A child's age","paragraphs":["*男の子は いくつですか* means \"How old is the boy?\"","The answer *男の子は 三つです* means \"The boy is three years old.\" Ages use the native numbers used for counting objects."]},{"title":"Another age question","paragraphs":["*あの かたは おいくつですか* means \"How old is he or she?\"","The other answers use *七つ* and *八つ*."]}],"lines":[{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.m1","source":"男の子は いくつですか。","translation":"How old is the boy?","reading":"おとこのこはいくつですか。","words":[{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.m1.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.01","source":"男の子は 三つです。","translation":"The boy is three years old.","reading":"おとこのこはみっつです。","words":[{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three years old","reading":"みっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"three years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.01.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.02","source":"あの 子どもは いくつですか。","translation":"How old is that child?","reading":"あのこどもはいくつですか。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.02.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.03","source":"女の子は 七つです。","translation":"The girl is seven years old.","reading":"おんなのこはななつです。","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven years old","reading":"なな"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"seven years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.03.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.04","source":"あの かたは おいくつですか。","translation":"How old is he (she)?","reading":"あのかたはおいくつですか。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"かた","gloss":"person"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.04.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.05","source":"男の子は 八つです。","translation":"The boy is eight years old.","reading":"おとこのこはやっつです。","words":[{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight years old","reading":"やっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"eight years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Estimating children's ages · Pattern 4 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"About eight years old","paragraphs":["*おおきい 男の子は いくつぐらいですか* means \"About how old is the bigger boy?\"","The answer *おおきい 男の子は 八つぐらいです* means \"The bigger boy is about eight.\""]},{"title":"The estimate follows the age","paragraphs":["*ぐらい* follows the native age expression and means \"about.\"","*ちいさい 男の子は 四つぐらいです* means \"The smaller boy is about four.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.06","source":"おおきい 男の子は いくつぐらいですか。","translation":"About how old is the bigger boy?","reading":"おおきいおとこのこはいくつぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"おおきい","gloss":"bigger"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.06.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.07","source":"おおきい 男の子は 八つぐらいです。","translation":"The bigger boy is about eight.","reading":"おおきいおとこのこはやっつぐらいです。","words":[{"text":"おおきい","gloss":"bigger"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight years old","reading":"やっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"eight years old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.07.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.08","source":"ちいさい 男の子は いくつぐらいですか。","translation":"About how old is the smaller boy?","reading":"ちいさいおとこのこはいくつぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"ちいさい","gloss":"smaller"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.08.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.09","source":"ちいさい 男の子は 四つぐらいです。","translation":"The smaller boy is about four.","reading":"ちいさいおとこのこはよっつぐらいです。","words":[{"text":"ちいさい","gloss":"smaller"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"四","gloss":"four years old","reading":"よっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"four years old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.09.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.10","source":"女の子は いくつですか。","translation":"How old is the girl?","reading":"おんなのこはいくつですか。","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.10.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt4.11","source":"女の子は 六つです。","translation":"The girl is six.","reading":"おんなのこはむっつです。","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six years old","reading":"むっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"six years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt4.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Giving two possible answers · Pattern 5 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Either one or the other","paragraphs":["*あの 子どもは 六つか 七つです* means \"That child is either six or seven years old.\"","The particle *か* between two nouns or pronouns means \"either one or the other.\""]},{"title":"Two possible places","paragraphs":["The alternatives can be places. *ほんは つくえの うえか なかに あります* means \"The book is either on or in the desk.\"","The particle *か* also joins two possible people, ranks, or numbers."]}],"lines":[{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.m1","source":"あの 子どもは 六つか 七つです。","translation":"That child is either six or seven years old.","reading":"あのこどもはむっつかななつです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six years old","reading":"むっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"six years old"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven years old","reading":"なな"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"seven years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.m1.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.01","source":"男の子は 四つか 五つです。","translation":"The boy is either four or five years old.","reading":"おとこのこはよっつかいつつです。","words":[{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"四","gloss":"four years old","reading":"よっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"four years old"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five years old","reading":"い"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"five years old"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.01.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.02","source":"このはこの なかに けしごむが 一つか 二つ あります。","translation":"In the box there are either one or two erasers.","reading":"このはこのなかにけしごむがひとつかふたつあります。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"box"},{"text":"この","gloss":"box of"},{"text":"なか","gloss":"inside"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"けし","gloss":"eraser"},{"text":"ごむ","gloss":"eraser"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"ふた"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"two"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.02.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.03","source":"あの ぐんじんは いっとうへいか にとうへいです。","translation":"That soldier is either Private 2 or Private 1.","reading":"あのぐんじんはいっとうへいかにとうへいです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"soldier"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"soldier"},{"text":"じん","gloss":"soldier"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いっとう","gloss":"Private 2"},{"text":"へい","gloss":"Private 2"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"に","gloss":"Private 1"},{"text":"とう","gloss":"Private 1"},{"text":"へい","gloss":"Private 1"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.03.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.04","source":"あの かたは スミスさんか ブラウンさんです。","translation":"That person over there is either Mr. Smith or Mr. Brown.","reading":"あのかたはスミスさんかブラウンさんです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"かた","gloss":"person"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"ブラウン","gloss":"Brown"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.04.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.05","source":"ほんは つくえの うえか なかに あります。","translation":"The book is either on or in the desk.","reading":"ほんはつくえのうえかなかにあります。","words":[{"text":"ほん","gloss":"book"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"つくえ","gloss":"desk"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"うえ","gloss":"on"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"なか","gloss":"inside"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking between two possibilities · Pattern 5 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Two possible ages","paragraphs":["A question asks the smaller boy's approximate age. *四つか 五つぐらいです* means \"He is about either four or five.\"","The particle *か* in *四つか 五つぐらいです* joins the two ages."]},{"title":"Two possible answers","paragraphs":["A rank can be *ぐんそうか ごちょうです*, \"either sergeant or corporal.\"","A location can be *つくえの うえか なかに あります*, \"either on or in the desk.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.06","source":"ちいさい 男の子は いくつぐらいですか。","translation":"About how old is the smaller boy?","reading":"ちいさいおとこのこはいくつぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"ちいさい","gloss":"smaller"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.06.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.07","source":"四つか 五つぐらいです。","translation":"He is about either four or five.","reading":"よっつかいつつぐらいです。","words":[{"text":"四","gloss":"four years old","reading":"よっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"four years old"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five years old","reading":"い"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"five years old"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.07.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.08","source":"あの かたの かいきゅうは なんですか。","translation":"What is his (that person over there) rank?","reading":"あのかたのかいきゅうはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"かた","gloss":"person"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"かい","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"きゅう","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なん","gloss":"what"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.08.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.09","source":"ぐんそうか ごちょうです。","translation":"He is either sergeant or corporal.","reading":"ぐんそうかごちょうです。","words":[{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"ご","gloss":"corporal"},{"text":"ちょう","gloss":"corporal"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.09.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.10","source":"はくぼくは どこに ありますか。","translation":"Where is the chalk?","reading":"はくぼくはどこにありますか。","words":[{"text":"はく","gloss":"chalk"},{"text":"ぼく","gloss":"chalk"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.10.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L012.pt5.11","source":"つくえの うえか なかに あります。","translation":"It is either on or in the desk.","reading":"つくえのうえかなかにあります。","words":[{"text":"つくえ","gloss":"desk"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"うえ","gloss":"on"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"なか","gloss":"inside"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.pt5.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"People by age and sex · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Adults and children","paragraphs":["These words name people by age and sex. *おとな* means \"adult,\" while *子ども* means \"child\" or \"children.\"","*あかんぼう* means \"baby.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.001","source":"人","translation":"people","reading":"ひと","words":[{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.001.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.002","source":"おとな","translation":"adult","reading":"おとな","words":[{"text":"おとな","gloss":"adult"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.002.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.003","source":"子ども","translation":"child, children","reading":"こども","words":[{"text":"子ども","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.003.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.004","source":"男の子","translation":"boy","reading":"おとこのこ","words":[{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boy","reading":"おとこのこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.004.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.005","source":"女の子","translation":"girl","reading":"おんなのこ","words":[{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girl","reading":"おんなのこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.005.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.006","source":"あかんぼう","translation":"baby","reading":"あかんぼう","words":[{"text":"あかんぼう","gloss":"baby"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.006.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.007","source":"男","translation":"male","reading":"おとこ","words":[{"text":"男","gloss":"male","reading":"おとこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.007.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.008","source":"女","translation":"female","reading":"おんな","words":[{"text":"女","gloss":"female","reading":"おんな"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.008.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.009","source":"男の人","translation":"man","reading":"おとこのひと","words":[{"text":"男の人","gloss":"man","reading":"おとこのひと"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.009.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.010","source":"女の人","translation":"woman","reading":"おんなのひと","words":[{"text":"女の人","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんなのひと"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.010.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.011","source":"としより(の人)","translation":"old 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Notes)","reading":"か","words":[{"text":"か","gloss":"or"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.014.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.015","source":"わかい","translation":"young","reading":"わかい","words":[{"text":"わかい","gloss":"young"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.015.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.016","source":"居ます","translation":"there is, there are (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"います","words":[{"text":"居ます","gloss":"there is","reading":"います"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.016.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.017","source":"みんな","translation":"all","reading":"みんな","words":[{"text":"みんな","gloss":"everyone"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.017.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.018","source":"なん人","translation":"how many people","reading":"なんにん","words":[{"text":"なん人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"なんにん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.018.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.019","source":"いく人","translation":"how many people","reading":"いくにん","words":[{"text":"いく人","gloss":"how many people","reading":"いくにん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.019.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.020","source":"いくつ","translation":"how old (See Notes)","reading":"いくつ","words":[{"text":"いくつ","gloss":"how old"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.020.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.021","source":"おいくつ","translation":"how old","reading":"おいくつ","words":[{"text":"おいくつ","gloss":"how old"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.021.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.022","source":"もう一人","translation":"the other one (See Notes)","reading":"もうひとり","words":[{"text":"もう一人","gloss":"the other one","reading":"もうひとり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ろうじん","gloss":"old person"},{"word":"居ます","gloss":"there is, there are (See Gram. 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other two (See Notes)"},{"word":"一人も---せん","gloss":"there is not even one --- (See Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Counting people to ten · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"One to ten people","paragraphs":["These forms count from one to ten people. *一人* means \"one person,\" and *二人* means \"two people.\"","From three onward, the second number series combines with the person counter. *四人* is the form for four people."]}],"lines":[{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.034","source":"十","translation":"ten","reading":"じゅう","words":[{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.034.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.035","source":"一人","translation":"one person","reading":"ひとり","words":[{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.035.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L012.w.036","source":"二人","translation":"2 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people","reading":"じゅうにん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L012.w.044.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":7,"text":"Homework Assignment\n\nListen to the tape and practice pronunciation.\n\nMemorize the Dialogue.\n\nRead the Grammar Notes.\n\npractice reading and writing of KANJI."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"三人","gloss":"3 \""},{"word":"四人","gloss":"4 \""},{"word":"五人","gloss":"5 \""},{"word":"六人","gloss":"6 \""},{"word":"七人","gloss":"7 \""},{"word":"八人","gloss":"8 \""},{"word":"九人","gloss":"9 \""},{"word":"十人","gloss":"10 \""}],"paradigms":[]}]}