{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L123","title":"Lesson 123","stage":"Reading Japan","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 123: farming and agricultural products · narration 1 of 2, population growth and density · narration 2 of 2, farmland, farms, population rates and rankings · questions 3 of 3, economic and population words · word list 1 of 3, crops, population surveys and rankings · word list 3 of 3.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/121","lines":71},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/120","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/122","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Farming and agricultural products · Narration 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Limited land and rising production","paragraphs":["*日本の 耕地は 国土の 総面積の 十四パーセント、すなわち 千四百万エーカーに 過ぎない* means \"Japan's cultivated land amounts to only fourteen percent of the country's total area, or fourteen million acres.\"","Despite industrial growth, agriculture remains economically important. About twenty-six percent of the population works in agriculture.","Small farms cannot use large machines. Small motor-powered machines and chemical fertilizer support production.","*また 化学肥料が 盛んに 使われているので、産額も 近年 非常に ふえて来た* means \"Also, because chemical fertilizers are widely used, agricultural production has increased greatly in recent years.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: / 著","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: / 従","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: / 畑","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: / 肥","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: / 額","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 果","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 用","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.001","source":"日本の 耕地は 国土の 総面積の 十四パーセント、すなわち 千四百万エーカーに 過ぎない。","translation":"Japan's cultivated land amounts to only fourteen percent of the country's total area, or fourteen million acres.","reading":"にほんのこうちはこくどのそうめんせきのじゅうよんパーセント、すなわちせんよんひゃくまんエーカーにすぎない。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"耕地","gloss":"cultivated land","reading":"こうち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"国土","gloss":"national territory","reading":"こくど"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total area","reading":"そう"},{"text":"面積","gloss":"total area","reading":"めんせき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fourteen","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"四","gloss":"fourteen","reading":"よん"},{"text":"パーセント、","gloss":"percent"},{"text":"すなわち","gloss":"in other words"},{"text":"千","gloss":"fourteen million","reading":"せん"},{"text":"四百","gloss":"fourteen million","reading":"よんひゃく"},{"text":"万","gloss":"fourteen million","reading":"まん"},{"text":"エーカー","gloss":"acres"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"過ぎ","gloss":"amounts only to","reading":"すぎ"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.002","source":"しかし、近年 日本の 工業が 著しい 発達を とげたにも かかわらず、農業は 経済上 重要な 役割を 果している。","translation":"However, despite the remarkable development of Japanese industry in recent years, agriculture plays an important role in the economy.","reading":"しかし、きんねんにほんのこうぎょうがいちじるしいはったつをとげたにもかかわらず、のうぎょうはけいざいじょうじゅうようなやくわりをはたしている。","words":[{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"著しい","gloss":"remarkable","reading":"いちじるしい"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"とげ","gloss":"achieved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"に","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"も","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"かかわら","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"ず、","gloss":"despite"},{"text":"農業","gloss":"agriculture","reading":"のうぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"経済","gloss":"the economy"},{"text":"上","gloss":"the economy"},{"text":"重要","gloss":"important"},{"text":"な","gloss":"important"},{"text":"役割","gloss":"role","reading":"やくわり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"果し","gloss":"plays","reading":"はたし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"plays"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"plays"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.003","source":"日本の 総人口の 二十六パーセントぐらいは 農業に 従事している。","translation":"About twenty-six percent of Japan's total population is engaged in agriculture.","reading":"にほんのそうじんこうのにじゅうろくパーセントぐらいはのうぎょうにじゅうじしている。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty-six","reading":"にじゅう"},{"text":"六","gloss":"twenty-six","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"パーセント","gloss":"percent"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"農業","gloss":"agriculture","reading":"のうぎょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"従事","gloss":"is engaged","reading":"じゅうじ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"is engaged"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.004","source":"日本の 農業は 小規模の 百姓（農家 一けん 平均の 田畑の 大きさは 二エーカー半ぐらい）だから、大きな 機械を 使う事は 出来ないが、このごろでは、モーターで 動かされる 小さい 耕作機械が 広く 使われる","translation":"Because farming in Japan is carried out on a small scale (the average farm has about two and a half acres of fields), large machinery cannot be used, but nowadays small motor-powered farming machines are widely used.","reading":"にほんののうぎょうはしょうきぼのひゃくしょう（のうかいっけんへいきんのたはたのおおきさはにエーカーはんぐらい）だから、おおきなきかいをつかうことはできないが、このごろでは、モーターでうごかされるちいさいこうさくきかいがひろくつかわれる","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほんの"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"農業","gloss":"farming","reading":"うぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"小","gloss":"small scale","reading":"しょう"},{"text":"規模","gloss":"small scale","reading":"きぼ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"百姓","gloss":"farming"},{"text":"（農家","gloss":"farm"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"farm counter"},{"text":"平均","gloss":"average","reading":"へいきん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"田畑","gloss":"fields","reading":"たはた"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大き","gloss":"size","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"size"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"に"},{"text":"エーカー","gloss":"acres"},{"text":"半","gloss":"and a half","reading":"はん"},{"text":"ぐらい）","gloss":"about"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"大きな","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきな"},{"text":"機械","gloss":"machinery","reading":"きかい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"nowadays"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"モーター","gloss":"motor"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"動かさ","gloss":"powered","reading":"うごかさ"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"powered"},{"text":"小さい","gloss":"small","reading":"ちいさい"},{"text":"耕作","gloss":"farming machinery","reading":"こうさく"},{"text":"機械","gloss":"farming machinery","reading":"きかい"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"広く","gloss":"widely","reading":"ひろく"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"are used","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"are used"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.005","source":"また 化学肥料が 盛んに 使われているので、産額も 近年 非常に ふえて来た。","translation":"Also, because chemical fertilizers are widely used, agricultural production has increased greatly in recent years.","reading":"またかがくひりょうがさかんにつかわれているので、さんがくもきんねんひじょうにふえてきた。","words":[{"text":"また","gloss":"also"},{"text":"化学","gloss":"chemical fertilizer","reading":"かがく"},{"text":"肥料","gloss":"chemical fertilizer","reading":"ひりょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"盛ん","gloss":"widely","reading":"さかん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"widely"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"are used","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"産額","gloss":"production","reading":"さんがく"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"非常","gloss":"greatly","reading":"ひじょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"greatly"},{"text":"ふえ","gloss":"has increased"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has increased"},{"text":"来","gloss":"has increased","reading":"き"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"has increased"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.006","source":"農産物の 主なものは、日本人の 常食である 米、それから、酪農製品、大麦、小麦、大豆、さつまいも、果物、茶 などである。","translation":"The main agricultural products are rice, the staple food of the Japanese people, followed by dairy products, barley, wheat, soybeans, sweet potatoes, fruit, tea, and others.","reading":"のうさんぶつのおもなものは、にほんじんのじょうしょくであるこめ、それから、らくのうせいひん、おおむぎ、こむぎ、だいず、さつまいも、くだもの、ちゃなどである。","words":[{"text":"農産","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"のうさん"},{"text":"物","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"ぶつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"主な","gloss":"main","reading":"おもな"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"常食","gloss":"staple food","reading":"じょうしょく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"is"},{"text":"米、","gloss":"rice","reading":"こめ"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"酪農","gloss":"dairy products"},{"text":"製","gloss":"dairy products"},{"text":"品、","gloss":"dairy products"},{"text":"大麦、","gloss":"barley"},{"text":"小麦、","gloss":"wheat"},{"text":"大豆、","gloss":"soybeans"},{"text":"さつま","gloss":"sweet potatoes"},{"text":"いも、","gloss":"sweet potatoes"},{"text":"果物、","gloss":"fruit","reading":"くだもの"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"で","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ある。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.007","source":"これらの 農産物は 大部分が 食用に 供せられ、一部分が 工業の 原料に 用いられている。","translation":"Most of these agricultural products are used for food, and some are used as raw materials for industry.","reading":"これらののうさんぶつはだいぶぶんがしょくようにきょうせられ、いちぶぶんがこうぎょうのげんりょうにもちいられている。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"these"},{"text":"ら","gloss":"these"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"農産","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"のうさん"},{"text":"物","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"ぶつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大","gloss":"most","reading":"だい"},{"text":"部分","gloss":"most","reading":"ぶぶん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"食用","gloss":"food","reading":"しょくよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"供せ","gloss":"are used","reading":"きょうせ"},{"text":"られ、","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"一","gloss":"some","reading":"いち"},{"text":"部分","gloss":"some","reading":"ぶぶん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw materials","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"用い","gloss":"are used","reading":"もちい"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"are used"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"1 Agricultural Potential A century of industrial development, economic growth, and population expansion has sharpened rather than diminished the importance of agriculture in Japan’s once almost exclusively farm-based economy. Agriculture, fishing, and forestry employ about 40 per cent of the population and contribute over 18 per cent to the national income. By a type of farming which closely resembles truck gardening, combined with fishing and forestry, the country produces more than 80 per cent of its food requirements. The remainder is imported.\n\nCrop yields, always among the highest in the world, have been further raised since the end of World War II through the widespread adoption of improved farming techniques. Rice, the staple food of the nation, dominates agriculture, and rice crops of twelve million tons are now being harvested regularly.\n\nAssuring an adequate food supply for a growing population is one of the country’s serious long-term economic problems. The land shortage is chronic and\n\ncritical. The total land under cultivation is less than 15 million acres, or about 14 per cent of the whole area of the country. Land reclamation has been pushed to the limit. At the same time, an expected increase in population of almost 10 million within the next 10 years would compel further diversion of agricultural land to use for dwellings, roads, and industry, while typhoons destroy considerable areas of cropland every year."},{"section":2,"text":"2 Demography The 1965 estimate of the population in Japan is 98,300,000. The rate of population increase has been approximately 0.9 per cent. Although Japan’s birth rate is now one of the lowest in the world, the population has continued to increase as a result of a decline in mortality rate, in terms of total population, Japan ranks 7th in the world after Communist China, India, the Soviet Union, the U. S., Indonesia, and Pakistan. The density of population in Japan is approximately 667 persons per square mile, making it one of the most densely populated nations of the world, as only a few countries\n\nsurpass this number. Statistics show that the percentage of persons in the age group of less than 15 years old is decreasing. This fact reflects a continuing decrease in the birth rate in Japan since 1950.\n\nIt should be noted, however, as the population tends to concentrate in industrial, urban complexes more than 40 per cent of Japan’s 98 million people are found in only one per cent of the country’s total land area."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"国土","gloss":"country; territory; domain"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"四","gloss":"four"},{"word":"パーセント、","gloss":"percent"},{"word":"すなわち","gloss":"that is to say; in other words"},{"word":"千","gloss":"1,000"},{"word":"四百","gloss":"400"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"近年","gloss":"recent years"},{"word":"工業","gloss":"manufacturing industry"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"著しい","gloss":"remarkable"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"も","gloss":"as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"農業","gloss":"agriculture"},{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"いる。","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"人口","gloss":"population"},{"word":"二十","gloss":"20"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"けん","gloss":"numerical counter for houses (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"田畑","gloss":"fields; farm"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"大きな","gloss":"big, large (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"機械","gloss":"machine"},{"word":"使う","gloss":"to use, employ"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"れる","gloss":"to be able to --\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"耕作","gloss":"cultivation; tillage"},{"word":"また","gloss":"thigh"},{"word":"産額","gloss":"production; output; yield"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"常食","gloss":"staple food; daily food"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"品、","gloss":"quality, goods"},{"word":"大麦、","gloss":"barley"},{"word":"小麦、","gloss":"wheat"},{"word":"大豆、","gloss":"soybean"},{"word":"果物、","gloss":"fruit"},{"word":"茶","gloss":"tea"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"部分","gloss":"parts"},{"word":"食用","gloss":"for food, for the table"},{"word":"原料","gloss":"raw material"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Population growth and density · Narration 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A large and growing population","paragraphs":["*千九百六十五年十月一日の 調査によると、日本の 総人口は 九千八百* begins the 1965 survey figure of about 98,280,000 people.","The population increased by about one percent each year. Demand for food and industrial materials increased with it.","*今日では 日本人の 出生率は 世界最低だが、死亡率が 減少するので、人口は やはり 増加を 示している* gives the reason for continued growth. It means \"Today, the Japanese birth rate is the lowest in the world, but because the death rate is declining, the population is still increasing.\"","Japan ranked seventh in total population and third in population density."]}],"lines":[{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.008","source":"日本の 人口は 年々 増加して、食糧の 需要が 多くなり、又 工業の 発達に つれて 原料の 需要も 又 増加する。","translation":"As Japan's population increases year by year, the demand for food grows, and as industry develops, the demand for raw materials also increases.","reading":"にほんのじんこうはねんねんぞうかして、しょくりょうのじゅようがおおくなり、またこうぎょうのはったつにつれてげんりょうのじゅようもまたぞうかする。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"年々","gloss":"year by year","reading":"ねんねん"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increases","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し","gloss":"increases"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"increases"},{"text":"食糧","gloss":"food","reading":"しょくりょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"需要","gloss":"demand","reading":"じゅよう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多く","gloss":"grows","reading":"おおく"},{"text":"なり、","gloss":"grows"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"develops"},{"text":"て","gloss":"develops"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw materials","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"for"},{"text":"需要","gloss":"demand","reading":"じゅよう"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increases","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"する。","gloss":"increases"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.009","source":"千九百六十五年十月一日の 調査によると、日本の 総人口は 九千八百","translation":"According to the survey of October 1, 1965, Japan's total population was ninety-eight million...","reading":"せんきゅうひゃくろくじゅうごねんじゅうがつついたちのちょうさによると、にほんのそうじんこうはきゅうせんはっぴゃく","words":[{"text":"千","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"九百","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"六十","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"五","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"年","gloss":"year"},{"text":"十","gloss":"October"},{"text":"月","gloss":"October"},{"text":"一日","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"調査","gloss":"survey","reading":"ちょうさ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"よる","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"九千","gloss":"ninety-eight million","reading":"きゅうせん"},{"text":"八百","gloss":"ninety-eight million","reading":"はっぴゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.010","source":"二十八万人ぐらいで、毎年 一パーセントぐらいの 割で 増加している。","translation":"...two hundred eighty thousand people, and it was increasing at a rate of about one percent each year.","reading":"にじゅうはちまんにんぐらいで、まいねんいちパーセントぐらいのわりでぞうかしている。","words":[{"text":"二十","gloss":"two hundred eighty thousand"},{"text":"八","gloss":"two hundred eighty thousand"},{"text":"万","gloss":"two hundred eighty thousand"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and was"},{"text":"毎年","gloss":"every year","reading":"まいねん"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"いち"},{"text":"パーセント","gloss":"percent"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"割","gloss":"rate","reading":"わり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"was increasing","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し","gloss":"was increasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was increasing"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"was increasing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.011","source":"今日では 日本人の 出生率は 世界最低だが、死亡率が 減少するので、人口は やはり 増加を 示している。","translation":"Today, the Japanese birth rate is the lowest in the world, but because the death rate is declining, the population is still increasing.","reading":"こんにちではにほんじんのしゅっしょうりつはせかいさいていだが、しぼうりつがげんしょうするので、じんこうはやはりぞうかをしめしている。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"出生","gloss":"birth rate","reading":"しゅっしょう"},{"text":"率","gloss":"birth rate","reading":"りつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world","reading":"せかい"},{"text":"最低","gloss":"lowest","reading":"さいてい"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"死亡","gloss":"death rate","reading":"しぼう"},{"text":"率","gloss":"death rate","reading":"りつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"減少","gloss":"declines","reading":"げんしょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"declines"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やはり","gloss":"still"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increase","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"示し","gloss":"shows","reading":"しめし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"shows"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"shows"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.012","source":"総人口から 言って 日本は 中共、印度、ソ連、米国、インドネシア、パキスタンに 次いで 世界第七位になっている。","translation":"In terms of total population, Japan ranks seventh in the world, after Communist China, India, the Soviet Union, the United States, Indonesia, and Pakistan.","reading":"そうじんこうからいってにほんはちゅうきょう、いんど、ソれん、べいこく、インドネシア、パキスタンについでせかいだいしちいになっている。","words":[{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"から","gloss":"in terms of"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"speaking","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"speaking"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中共、","gloss":"Communist China","reading":"ちゅうきょう"},{"text":"印度、","gloss":"India","reading":"いんど"},{"text":"ソ連、","gloss":"Soviet Union","reading":"それん"},{"text":"米国、","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"インドネシア、","gloss":"Indonesia"},{"text":"パキスタン","gloss":"Pakistan"},{"text":"に","gloss":"after"},{"text":"次い","gloss":"ranks after","reading":"つい"},{"text":"で","gloss":"ranks after"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world"},{"text":"第","gloss":"number"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seventh"},{"text":"位","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"ranks"},{"text":"て","gloss":"ranks"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"ranks"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L123.rd.013","source":"人口密度は 一平方キロに 二百五十五人の 割で、オランダの 三百五十人、ベルギーの 二百九十八人に 次いで 世界三位になっている。","translation":"The population density is 255 people per square kilometer, ranking third in the world after the Netherlands, with 350 people, and Belgium, with 298.","reading":"じんこうみつどはいちへいほうキロににひゃくごじゅうごにんのわりで、オランダのさんびゃくごじゅうにん、ベルギーのにひゃくきゅうじゅうはちにんについでせかいさんいになっている。","words":[{"text":"人口","gloss":"population density","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"密度","gloss":"population density","reading":"みつど"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"いち"},{"text":"平方","gloss":"square","reading":"へいほう"},{"text":"キロ","gloss":"kilometer"},{"text":"に","gloss":"per"},{"text":"二百","gloss":"255"},{"text":"五十","gloss":"255"},{"text":"五","gloss":"255"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"割","gloss":"rate","reading":"わり"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"at"},{"text":"オランダ","gloss":"Netherlands"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"三百","gloss":"350"},{"text":"五十","gloss":"350"},{"text":"人、","gloss":"people"},{"text":"ベルギー","gloss":"Belgium"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"二百","gloss":"298"},{"text":"九十","gloss":"298"},{"text":"八","gloss":"298"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"に","gloss":"after"},{"text":"次い","gloss":"ranks after","reading":"つい"},{"text":"で","gloss":"ranks after"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third"},{"text":"位","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"ranks"},{"text":"て","gloss":"ranks"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"ranks"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.rd.013.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"年々","gloss":"yearly"},{"word":"食糧","gloss":"food"},{"word":"多く","gloss":"many of them"},{"word":"九百","gloss":"900"},{"word":"六十","gloss":"60"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"年","gloss":"year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"一日","gloss":"first day of the month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"調査","gloss":"survey; investi-gation"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"九千","gloss":"9,000"},{"word":"八百","gloss":"800"},{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"毎年","gloss":"every year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"パーセント","gloss":"percent"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"最低","gloss":"lowest"},{"word":"やはり","gloss":"as it should be expected"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"中共、","gloss":"Communist China"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"word":"キロ","gloss":"kilometer"},{"word":"二百","gloss":"200"},{"word":"五十","gloss":"50"},{"word":"オランダ","gloss":"Netherlands; Holland"},{"word":"三百","gloss":"300"},{"word":"ベルギー","gloss":"Belgium"},{"word":"九十","gloss":"90"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Farmland, industry and agriculture · Questions 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Farmland and agriculture","paragraphs":["*日本の 耕地は 日本国土の 総面積の 何パーセントぐらいですか* asks \"About what percentage of Japan's total land area is cultivated land?\" An answer gives about fourteen percent.","Other answers give the acreage, describe recent industrial growth, and state that agriculture remains important.","*工業が 著しい 発達を とげたから、農業は だめに なりましたか* asks whether industrial growth made agriculture unimportant. The answer is negative."]}],"lines":[{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.001","source":"日本地理　総説（三）","translation":"A General Survey of Japanese Geography (3).","reading":"にほんちりそうせつ（さん）","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"地理","gloss":"geography"},{"text":"総説","gloss":"general survey"},{"text":"（三）","gloss":"part three"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.001.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.002","source":"様になった。","translation":"It came to be that way.","reading":"ようになった。","words":[{"text":"様","gloss":"that way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"became"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.002.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.003","source":"日本語で 次の 質問に 答えてください。","translation":"Please answer the following questions in Japanese.","reading":"にほんごでつぎのしつもんにこたえてください。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"次","gloss":"following","reading":"つぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"質問","gloss":"questions","reading":"しつもん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"答え","gloss":"answer","reading":"こたえ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"please answer"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please answer"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.003.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.004","source":"日本の 耕地は 日本国土の 総面積の 何パーセントぐらいですか。","translation":"About what percentage of Japan's total land area is cultivated land?","reading":"にほんのこうちはにほんこくどのそうめんせきのなんパーセントぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"耕地","gloss":"cultivated land","reading":"こうち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"国土","gloss":"territory","reading":"こくど"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total area","reading":"そう"},{"text":"面積","gloss":"total area","reading":"めんせき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"パーセント","gloss":"percent"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.004.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.005","source":"それは 何エーカーぐらいですか。","translation":"About how many acres is that?","reading":"それはなんエーカーぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many","reading":"なん"},{"text":"エーカー","gloss":"acres"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.005.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.006","source":"日本の 工業は 近年 著しい 発達を とげましたか。","translation":"Has Japanese industry developed remarkably in recent years?","reading":"にほんのこうぎょうはきんねんいちじるしいはったつをとげましたか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"著しい","gloss":"remarkable","reading":"いちじるしい"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"とげ","gloss":"achieved"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.006.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.007","source":"工業が 著しい 発達を とげたから、農業は だめに なりましたか。","translation":"Since industry developed remarkably, did agriculture become unimportant?","reading":"こうぎょうがいちじるしいはったつをとげたから、のうぎょうはだめになりましたか。","words":[{"text":"工業","gloss":"industry","reading":"こうぎょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"著しい","gloss":"remarkable","reading":"いちじるしい"},{"text":"発達","gloss":"development","reading":"はったつ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"とげ","gloss":"achieved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"農業","gloss":"agriculture","reading":"のうぎょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"unimportant"},{"text":"に","gloss":"became"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.007.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.008","source":"日本の 総人口の 何パーセントぐらいが 農業に 従事していますか。","translation":"About what percentage of Japan's total population is engaged in agriculture?","reading":"にほんのそうじんこうのなんパーセントぐらいがのうぎょうにじゅうじしていますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"パーセント","gloss":"percent"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"農業","gloss":"agriculture","reading":"のうぎょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"従事","gloss":"is engaged","reading":"じゅうじ"},{"text":"し","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is engaged"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.008.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"地理","gloss":"geography"},{"word":"総説","gloss":"general remarks; introduction"},{"word":"（三）","gloss":"three"},{"word":"ください。","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だめ","gloss":"no good, useless,\nhopeless"},{"word":"い","gloss":"stomach"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Farms, crops and food demand · Questions 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Farms, crops, and demand","paragraphs":["*農産額が 近年 非常に ふえた 理由の一つは 何ですか* asks \"What is one reason agricultural production has increased greatly in recent years?\" An answer names chemical fertilizer.","Other answers describe farm size, machinery, principal crops, and the use of agricultural products.","*なぜ 食用の 需要が 多くなりますか* asks \"Why is the demand for food increasing?\" The answer connects demand with population growth."]}],"lines":[{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.009","source":"日本の 農家 一けん平均の 田畑の大きさは どのくらいですか。","translation":"What is the average size of the fields on a Japanese farm?","reading":"にほんののうかいっけんへいきんのたはたのおおきさはどのくらいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほんの"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"農家","gloss":"farm"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"farm counter"},{"text":"平均","gloss":"average","reading":"へいきん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"田畑","gloss":"fields","reading":"たはた"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大き","gloss":"size","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"size"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"how"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"much"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.009.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.010","source":"日本の 農家は 機械を 全々使いませんか。","translation":"Do Japanese farmers use no machinery at all?","reading":"にほんののうかはきかいをぜんぜんつかいませんか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほんの"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"農家","gloss":"farmers","reading":"うか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"機械","gloss":"machinery","reading":"きかい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"全","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"々","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"do not use"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.010.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.011","source":"農産額が 近年 非常に ふえた 理由の一つは 何ですか。","translation":"What is one reason agricultural production has increased greatly in recent years?","reading":"のうさんがくがきんねんひじょうにふえたりゆうのひとつはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"農産","gloss":"agricultural production","reading":"のうさん"},{"text":"額","gloss":"agricultural production","reading":"がく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"非常","gloss":"greatly","reading":"ひじょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"greatly"},{"text":"ふえ","gloss":"increased"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"理由","gloss":"reason","reading":"りゆう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.011.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.012","source":"農産物の 主なものは 何ですか。","translation":"What are the main agricultural products?","reading":"のうさんぶつのおもなものはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"農産","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"のうさん"},{"text":"物","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"ぶつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"主な","gloss":"main","reading":"おもな"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.012.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.013","source":"農産物の 大部分は 何に 使われますか。","translation":"What are most agricultural products used for?","reading":"のうさんぶつのだいぶぶんはなんにつかわれますか。","words":[{"text":"農産","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"のうさん"},{"text":"物","gloss":"agricultural products","reading":"ぶつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大","gloss":"most","reading":"だい"},{"text":"部分","gloss":"most","reading":"ぶぶん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"are used","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are used"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.013.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.014","source":"一部分が 何に 用いられていますか。","translation":"What is some of it used for?","reading":"いちぶぶんがなんにもちいられていますか。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"some","reading":"いち"},{"text":"部分","gloss":"some","reading":"ぶぶん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"用い","gloss":"is used","reading":"もちい"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"is used"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is used"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is used"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is used"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.014.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.015","source":"なぜ 食用の 需要が 多くなりますか。","translation":"Why is the demand for food increasing?","reading":"なぜしょくようのじゅようがおおくなりますか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"食用","gloss":"food","reading":"しょくよう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"for"},{"text":"需要","gloss":"demand","reading":"じゅよう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多く","gloss":"increases","reading":"おおく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"increases"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.015.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.016","source":"なぜ 原料の 需要が 多くなりますか。","translation":"Why is the demand for raw materials increasing?","reading":"なぜげんりょうのじゅようがおおくなりますか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"原料","gloss":"raw materials","reading":"げんりょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"for"},{"text":"需要","gloss":"demand","reading":"じゅよう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多く","gloss":"increases","reading":"おおく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"increases"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.016.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どの","gloss":"which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)"},{"word":"くらい","gloss":"dark"},{"word":"理由","gloss":"reason"},{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Population rates and rankings · Questions 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Population figures and ranks","paragraphs":["*日本の 総人口は 千九百六十五年十月一日の 調査によると、どのぐらいですか* asks for the 1965 population figure. The answer gives about 98,280,000 people.","Other answers give the annual growth rate, describe the birth rate, and state Japan's rank by total population.","*人口密度は どのくらいですか* asks \"What is the population density?\" Related answers give 255 people per square kilometer and identify the higher-ranking countries."]}],"lines":[{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.017","source":"日本の 総人口は 千九百六十五年十月一日の 調査によると、どのぐらいですか。","translation":"According to the survey of October 1, 1965, about what was Japan's total population?","reading":"にほんのそうじんこうはせんきゅうひゃくろくじゅうごねんじゅうがつついたちのちょうさによると、どのぐらいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"千","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"九百","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"六十","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"五","gloss":"1965"},{"text":"年","gloss":"year"},{"text":"十","gloss":"October"},{"text":"月","gloss":"October"},{"text":"一日","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"調査","gloss":"survey","reading":"ちょうさ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"よる","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"how"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"much"},{"text":"です","gloss":"was"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.017.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.018","source":"日本の 人口は 毎年 どのくらいの 割で 増加しますか。","translation":"At about what rate does Japan's population increase each year?","reading":"にほんのじんこうはまいねんどのくらいのわりでぞうかしますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"毎年","gloss":"every year","reading":"まいねん"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"what"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"amount"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"割","gloss":"rate","reading":"わり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"増加","gloss":"increase","reading":"ぞうか"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.018.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.019","source":"日本の 出生率は どのくらいですか。","translation":"What is Japan's birth rate like?","reading":"にほんのしゅっしょうりつはどのくらいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"出生","gloss":"birth rate","reading":"しゅっしょう"},{"text":"率","gloss":"birth rate","reading":"りつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"what"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"level"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.019.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.020","source":"日本の 総人口は 世界 第何位ですか。","translation":"Where does Japan rank in the world in total population?","reading":"にほんのそうじんこうはせかいだいなんいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"総","gloss":"total population","reading":"そう"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world"},{"text":"第","gloss":"number"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what"},{"text":"位","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.020.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.021","source":"人口密度は どのくらいですか。","translation":"What is the population density?","reading":"じんこうみつどはどのくらいですか。","words":[{"text":"人口","gloss":"population density","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"密度","gloss":"population density","reading":"みつど"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"what"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"level"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.021.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.022","source":"日本の 人口密度は 世界 何位ですか。","translation":"Where does Japan's population density rank in the world?","reading":"にほんのじんこうみつどはせかいなんいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"人口","gloss":"population density","reading":"じんこう"},{"text":"密度","gloss":"population density","reading":"みつど"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what"},{"text":"位","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.022.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L123.q.023","source":"一位、二位は どこですか。","translation":"Which countries rank first and second?","reading":"いちい、にいはどこですか。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"first"},{"text":"位、","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"二","gloss":"second"},{"text":"位","gloss":"rank"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.q.023.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Economic and population words · Word list 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Land, importance, and work","paragraphs":["These words cover land area, limits, economic importance, population, employment, and small-scale activity.","*総面積* means \"total area,\" and *総人口* means \"total population.\"","*経済上* means \"economically\" or \"financially.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.001","source":"総面積","translation":"total area","reading":"そうめんせき","words":[{"text":"総面積","gloss":"total area","reading":"そうめんせき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.001.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.002","source":"すなわち","translation":"that is to say; in other words","reading":"すなわち","words":[{"text":"すなわち","gloss":"in other words"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.002.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.003","source":"--に過ぎない","translation":"be no more than; merely; only","reading":"--にすぎない","words":[{"text":"--に過ぎない","gloss":"only","reading":"--にすぎない"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.003.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.004","source":"著しい","translation":"remarkable","reading":"いちじるしい","words":[{"text":"著しい","gloss":"remarkable","reading":"いちじるしい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.004.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.005","source":"とげる","translation":"to accomplish; attain","reading":"とげる","words":[{"text":"とげる","gloss":"accomplish"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.005.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.006","source":"--にかかわらず","translation":"regardless of; irrespective of","reading":"--にかかわらず","words":[{"text":"--にかかわらず","gloss":"regardless of"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.006.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.007","source":"経済上","translation":"economically; financially","reading":"けいざいじょう","words":[{"text":"経済上","gloss":"economically","reading":"けいざいじょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.007.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.008","source":"重要な","translation":"important","reading":"じゅうような","words":[{"text":"重要な","gloss":"important","reading":"じゅうような"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.008.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.009","source":"役割を果す","translation":"fulfill one’s duties","reading":"やくわりをはたす","words":[{"text":"役割を果す","gloss":"fulfill a role","reading":"やくわりをはたす"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.009.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.010","source":"総人口","translation":"total population","reading":"そうじんこう","words":[{"text":"総人口","gloss":"total population","reading":"そうじんこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.010.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.011","source":"従事する","translation":"to engage in","reading":"じゅうじする","words":[{"text":"従事する","gloss":"engage in","reading":"じゅうじする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.011.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.012","source":"小規模","translation":"small scale","reading":"しょうきぼ","words":[{"text":"小規模","gloss":"small scale","reading":"しょうきぼ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"総面積","gloss":"total area"},{"word":"--に過ぎない","gloss":"be no more than; merely; only"},{"word":"とげる","gloss":"to accomplish; attain"},{"word":"--にかかわらず","gloss":"regardless of; irrespective of"},{"word":"経済上","gloss":"economically; financially"},{"word":"重要な","gloss":"important"},{"word":"役割を果す","gloss":"fulfill one’s duties"},{"word":"総人口","gloss":"total population"},{"word":"従事する","gloss":"to engage in"},{"word":"小規模","gloss":"small scale"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Crops, machinery and fertilizer · Word list 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Farm production and crops","paragraphs":["These words cover fields, machinery, fertilizer, farm output, staple foods, and agricultural products.","*化学肥料* means \"chemical fertilizer,\" and *産額* means \"production,\" \"output,\" or \"yield.\"","*常食* means \"staple food\" or \"daily food.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.013","source":"田畑","translation":"fields; farm","reading":"たはた","words":[{"text":"田畑","gloss":"fields","reading":"たはた"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.013.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.014","source":"動かす","translation":"to move; drive; operate","reading":"うごかす","words":[{"text":"動かす","gloss":"operate","reading":"うごかす"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.014.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.015","source":"機械","translation":"machine","reading":"きかい","words":[{"text":"機械","gloss":"machine","reading":"きかい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.015.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.016","source":"化学肥料","translation":"chemical fertilizer","reading":"かがくひりょう","words":[{"text":"化学肥料","gloss":"chemical fertilizer","reading":"かがくひりょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.016.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.017","source":"産額","translation":"production; output; yield","reading":"さんがく","words":[{"text":"産額","gloss":"output","reading":"さんがく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.017.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.018","source":"常食","translation":"staple food; daily food","reading":"じょうしょく","words":[{"text":"常食","gloss":"staple food","reading":"じょうしょく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.018.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.019","source":"酪農製品","translation":"dairy products","reading":"らくのうせいひん","words":[{"text":"酪農製品","gloss":"dairy products","reading":"らくのうせいひん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.019.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.020","source":"大麦","translation":"barley","reading":"おおむぎ","words":[{"text":"大麦","gloss":"barley","reading":"おおむぎ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.020.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.021","source":"小麦","translation":"wheat","reading":"こむぎ","words":[{"text":"小麦","gloss":"wheat","reading":"こむぎ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.021.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.022","source":"大豆","translation":"soybean","reading":"だいず","words":[{"text":"大豆","gloss":"soybean","reading":"だいず"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.022.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.023","source":"供する","translation":"to offer; supply; serve","reading":"きょうする","words":[{"text":"供する","gloss":"supply","reading":"きょうする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.023.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.024","source":"大部分","translation":"bulk, majority","reading":"だいぶぶん","words":[{"text":"大部分","gloss":"majority","reading":"だいぶぶん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"動かす","gloss":"to move; drive; operate"},{"word":"化学肥料","gloss":"chemical fertilizer"},{"word":"酪農製品","gloss":"dairy products"},{"word":"大麦","gloss":"barley"},{"word":"小麦","gloss":"wheat"},{"word":"大豆","gloss":"soybean"},{"word":"供する","gloss":"to offer; supply; serve"},{"word":"大部分","gloss":"majority, bulk, for the most part"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Population surveys and rankings · Word list 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Population measurement and rank","paragraphs":["These words cover population surveys, rates, density, countries, and numerical rankings.","*調査* means \"survey\" or \"investigation,\" and *人口密度* means \"population density.\"","*--の割で* means \"at the rate of.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.025","source":"一部分","translation":"one portion","reading":"いちぶぶん","words":[{"text":"一部分","gloss":"one portion","reading":"いちぶぶん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.025.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.026","source":"用いる","translation":"to use","reading":"もちいる","words":[{"text":"用いる","gloss":"use","reading":"もちいる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.026.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.027","source":"ベルギー","translation":"Belgium","reading":"ベルギー","words":[{"text":"ベルギー","gloss":"Belgium"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.027.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.028","source":"三位","translation":"third; No, 3","reading":"さんい","words":[{"text":"三位","gloss":"third place","reading":"さんい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.028.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.029","source":"調査","translation":"survey; investi-gation","reading":"ちょうさ","words":[{"text":"調査","gloss":"survey","reading":"ちょうさ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.029.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.030","source":"--の割で","translation":"at the rate of","reading":"--のわりで","words":[{"text":"--の割で","gloss":"at the rate of","reading":"--のわりで"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.030.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.031","source":"最低","translation":"lowest","reading":"さいてい","words":[{"text":"最低","gloss":"lowest","reading":"さいてい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.031.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.032","source":"中共","translation":"Communist China","reading":"ちゅうきょう","words":[{"text":"中共","gloss":"Communist China","reading":"ちゅうきょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.032.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.033","source":"七位","translation":"seventh; No. 7","reading":"しちい","words":[{"text":"七位","gloss":"seventh place","reading":"しちい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.033.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.034","source":"人口密度","translation":"population density","reading":"じんこうみつど","words":[{"text":"人口密度","gloss":"population density","reading":"じんこうみつど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.034.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L123.w.035","source":"オランダ","translation":"Netherlands; Holland","reading":"オランダ","words":[{"text":"オランダ","gloss":"Netherlands"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L123.w.035.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":3,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation and Exercises\n\n1. Topics:\n\na. Talk about agriculture in Japan with your friend.\n\nb. Make a comparative study of agriculture in Japan and in the U. S.\n\nc. Talk about the population problem in Japan.\n\n2. Exercises:\n\na. 次の 文章を 日本語に 訳してください。\n\n(1) Japanese industry made remarkable progress.\n\n(2) About 26% of the total population engages in agriculture.\n\n(3) Japanese agriculture is done on a small scale.\n\n(4) As the industry develops , the demand for food increases."},{"section":4,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Study the Narration thoroughly and memorize the vocabulary.\n\n2 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given.\n\n3 Learn to read and write new Kanji,\n\n4 Read the Cultural Notes."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一部分","gloss":"one portion"},{"word":"用いる","gloss":"to use"},{"word":"三位","gloss":"third; No, 3"},{"word":"--の割で","gloss":"at the rate of"},{"word":"中共","gloss":"Communist China"},{"word":"七位","gloss":"seventh; No. 7"},{"word":"人口密度","gloss":"population density"}],"paradigms":[]}]}