# Japanese Basic Course, Lesson 126

Narration and the written language

Source: https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/124. Data: https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/124.json.

## Kanto and central Tokyo · Narration 1 of 2

### Kanto and Tokyo

*関東地方は 十七世紀の 初めから 政治、交通、産業の 中心として 急に 開けて いった* describes Kanto's development. It means "From the beginning of the seventeenth century, Kanto rapidly developed as a center of politics, transportation, and industry."

*東京は 日本の 政治、経済、文化の 中心である* means "Tokyo is the center of Japan's politics, economy, and culture."

Tokyo has had the name *Tokyo* only since 1868. Its public transit systems are among the best developed anywhere.

### The prefectures around Tokyo

*関東地方は 行政的には 東京都、神奈川県、千葉県、埼玉県、茨城県、栃木県、群馬県に わかれている* lists Tokyo Metropolis and six prefectures.

*Chichibu-Tama* National Park extends across the *Kantoo* mountains on the borders of *Tokyo*, *Saitama*, *Yamanashi*, and *Nagano* Prefectures.

Its principal mountains include *Kimbu*, *Kokushi*, *Kobushi*, *Kumotore*, *Ryoogami*, and *Daibosatsu*.

### Kanji: / 紀

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

### Kanji: / 際

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

### Kanji: / 支

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

### Kanji: / 航

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

### Kanji: / 星

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

### Kanji: 集

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

**1** 関東地方は 十七世紀の 初めから 政治、交通、産業の 中心として 急に 開けて いった。  
かんとうちほうはじゅうしちせいきのはじめからせいじ、こうつう、さんぎょうのちゅうしんとしてきゅうにひらけていった。  
From the beginning of the seventeenth century, the Kanto region rapidly developed as a center of politics, transportation, and industry.

**2** 日本の 北の はしからも、西の はしからも 大体 同じ 距離に あって 日本の 中心的な 位置を 占めている。  
にほんのきたのはしからも、にしのはしからもだいたいおなじきょりにあってにほんのちゅうしんてきないちをしめている。  
It is about the same distance from both the northern and western ends of Japan and occupies a central position in the country.

**3** 日本一の 広い 関東平野が あり、日本の 首都である 東京都も ここに ある。  
にほんいちのひろいかんとうへいやがあり、にほんのしゅとであるとうきょうともここにある。  
It contains the Kanto Plain, the largest plain in Japan, and Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is also located here.

**4** 関東地方は 行政的には 東京都、神奈川県、千葉県、埼玉県、茨城県、栃木県、群馬県に わかれている。  
かんとうちほうはぎょうせいてきにはとうきょうと、かながわけん、ちばけん、さいたまけん、いばらきけん、とちぎけん、ぐんまけんにわかれている。  
Administratively, the Kanto region is divided into Tokyo Metropolis and the prefectures of Kanagawa, Chiba, Saitama, Ibaraki, Tochigi, and Gunma.

**5** 東京は 日本の 政治、経済、文化の 中心である  
とうきょうはにほんのせいじ、けいざい、ぶんかのちゅうしんである  
Tokyo is the center of Japan's politics, economy, and culture.

**6** ばかりでなく、国際的にも 重要な 地位に ある。  
ばかりでなく、こくさいてきにもじゅうようなちいにある。  
Moreover, it also holds an important position internationally.

**7** 日本の 代表的な 銀行、会社は 多く その 本店を 東京に 置き、又 外国の 銀行や 会社の 支店も 東京に 集まっている。  
にほんのだいひょうてきなぎんこう、かいしゃはおおくそのほんてんをとうきょうにおき、またがいこくのぎんこうやかいしゃのしてんもとうきょうにあつまっている。  
Many of Japan's leading banks and companies have their head offices in Tokyo, and branches of foreign banks and companies are also concentrated there.

```
1 TOKYO
Nearly every world traveler knows that Tokyo is the world’s largest city, but not everyone knows some of the other facts. To begin with, it’s a fairly new city, having been named Tokyo only in 1868. It has over 30,000 establishments where you can get a drink. It has some of the highest land prices in the world and the best-developed public transit systems anywhere. Its roads are clogged with traffic, its night life unbelievably active, and its people appear to be in as much of a hurry as the crowds on Madison Avenue.
Among the more obvious sightseeing spots which any tourist will wish to see, no matter how briefly, are the Imperial palace, the Diet building, and Yasukuni Shrine. A stroll down the Ginza is an excellent way to begin to enjoy japan. Asakusa and Ueno, the northernmost of Tokyo’s many entertainment districts, are also shopping centers for the countryfolk who come to Tokyo. Prices are quite cheap and you may find many amusing items in the folkcraft category here. Especially interesting is Asakusa’s Kannon Temple and the row of little shops which line the street approaching it.
In addition to the Asakusa Kannon Temple and Yasukuni Shrine, already mentioned, Meiji Shrine and its gardens should be visited if you are interested in Japanese architecture or religion. Noted gardens include: Rikugien, Meiji Shrine Inner Gardens, Shinjuku Gyoen (Cherry blossoms in April) and Hama Rikyuu.
There are several entertainment centers in Tokyo. Most expensive and most widely known is the Ginza, where there are many night clubs and bars as well as the famed Kabukiza and several other legitimate theaters. Closing time for the Ginza is about midnight. Open until later are the spots in Akasaka, also expensive, and the favorite of Tokyo’s foreign residents and visitors. Several large night clubs and many of Tokyo’s geisha restaurants are located here. Farther away the middle-class entertainment area of Shibuya and the lower middle-class and student-frequented haunts of Shinjuku.
The Koodookan Juudoo Hall, near Koorakuen, should be visited by anyone interested in Japanese traditional sports. Classes are held for foreigners here, and that includes the gentle sex as well. Other Japanese sports such as Karate, Aikidoo, and Kendoo may be seen through arrangement.
```

```
2 FUJI-HAKONE-IZU National Park
of all the regions of japan, perhaps none holds more appeal for the tourist than the compact area surrounding Mt. FUJI, a few hours’ drive southwest of Tokyo. From the crystal, calm beauty of the Five Lakes of FUJI (FUJI GO-KO) to the inspiring peak of the mountain itself, vistas of great beauty provide a fine setting for some of Japan’s best resorts, luxury hotels, hot springs and all sorts of adventurous means of transportation, from cable car to ropeway.
Among the many highlights, of course, is Mt, Fuji, which you can easily climb in July and August, accessible from the Five Lakes region. Lake Hakone affords a fine mirror for Mt. Fuji, best seen in autumn and winter. Leaving the Hakone area, you will pass through Ten Province pass (Jikkoku Tooge), so-called because from the observation platform atop the pass one can see an area comprising ten former provinces.
This area is a sportsman’s paradise, too, boasting many fine sporting facilities. There are three 18-hole courses in Sengokubara near Hakone Kankoo Hotel and two 18-hole courses in Kawana Hotel near Ito.
```

```
3 NIKKOO KOKURITSU KOOEN
Nikkoo National park, including not only the town of Nikkoo itself and so-called Oku-Nikkoo region, but also Nasu and Shiobara Spas, stretches over the four prefectures of Tochigi, Gumma, Fukushima, and Niigata. The total area of this national park is about 206,665 acres.
The glories of Nikkoo are twofold. It has magnificent mountain scenery, with rivers, cascades, waterfalls, lakes, and ancient trees; and it also has the finest handiwork of man in the mausolea erected over the tombs of Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616). It is scarcely surprising, therefore, that foreign visitors should regard Nikkoo as by far the most interesting spot in Japan. The Japanese have a saying, ”Never say ’kekkoo’ (magnificent) until you’ve seen Nikkoo,” indicative of their own appreciation of one of the wonder spots of their land.
Other spots of interest are Lake Chuuzenji and Kegon waterfall.
```

```
4 CHICHIBU-TAMA National Park
Chichibu-Tama National Park was created on July 10, 1950. It covers an area of 469.5 square miles stretching over the Kantoo mountains on the borders of Tokyo, Saitama, Yamanashi and Nagano Prefectures.
The principal mountains in this national park are Kimbu, Kokushi, Kobushi, Kumotore, Ryoogami and Daibosatsu. All these are good objectives for mountaineering. Among rivers and gorges of scenic fame, the national park has the valley of the Chikuma River besides those at Okutama and Shoosenkyoo. Among the spas in the national park, the more noted ones are Masutomi and Ogoochi.
```

```
ENOSHIMA YACHT HARBOR
```

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 関東 | Tokyo-Yokohama area (See Cult Notes) |
| 地方 | country, region |
| は | leaves |
| 十 | ten |
| 七 | seven |
| の | See Grammar Notes |
| から | from (See Gram. Notes) |
| 政治、 | government; adminis-tration; politics |
| 交通、 | traffic, transportation |
| 産業 | industry |
| と | and (See Gram. Notes) |
| し | city |
| 急 | steep; sudden |
| に | on (See Gram. Notes) |
| 北 | north |
| はし | chopsticks |
| も、 | as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes |
| 西 | west |
| 距離 | distance |
| な | I wish, I hope, huh |
| を | particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill) |
| いる。 | to need (See Gram. Notes) |
| 一 | one |
| 平野 | plain; valley |
| が | but (See Gram. Notes) |
| 首都 | capital city; capital |
| で | --is and -- (See Grammar Notes) |
| ある | certain, some |
| 都 | capital |
| ここ | here |
| 県、 | prefecture (See Cultural Notes) |
| 文化 | culture |
| ばかり | about |
| 地位 | position |
| 銀行、 | bank |
| 会社 | company, firm |
| 多く | many of them |
| 本店 | head office; main shop |
| や | and---among others (See Gram. Notes) |
| 支店 | branch store |

## Tokyo transport and Kanto industry · Narration 2 of 2

### A center for travel and study

*東京は 又 交通の 中心でも ある* means "Tokyo is also a transportation center."

Tokyo International Airport is in Haneda. Domestic and international airplanes arrive and depart there every day.

Tokyo also has more than 125 national, public, and private universities.

### Industry across Kanto

*関東地方の 主な 産業は 京浜工業地帯では 機械工業、化学工業、食料品工業、織物工業、造船業、印刷製本工業などの 諸工業、農業（野菜、麦、米）、絹織物業などである* lists the region's main industries.

The list includes machinery, chemicals, food processing, textiles, shipbuilding, printing, bookbinding, agriculture, and silk textiles.

*又 銚子の やまさ醤油と 野田の きっこうまん醤油は 有名である* names famous soy sauce from Choshi and Noda.

### Kanji: 浜

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

**8** 大学の 数は 官立、公立、私立を あわせて 百二十五以上 あり、全国から 集まる 学生の 数は 実に 多い。  
だいがくのかずはかんりつ、こうりつ、しりつをあわせてひゃくにじゅうごいじょうあり、ぜんこくからあつまるがくせいのかずはじつにおおい。  
There are more than 125 national, public, and private universities combined, and a great many students come from all over the country.

**9** 東京は 又 交通の 中心でも ある。  
とうきょうはまたこうつうのちゅうしんでもある。  
Tokyo is also a transportation center.

**10** 東京国際空港は 羽田に あり、国内航空のみならず 国際的な 空港で、数多くの 飛行機が 毎日 発着している。  
とうきょうこくさいくうこうははねだにあり、こくないこうくうのみならずこくさいてきなくうこうで、かずおおくのひこうきがまいにちはっちゃくしている。  
Tokyo International Airport is in Haneda, and as both a domestic and international airport, it has many airplanes arriving and departing every day.

**11** 又 国鉄、国電、私鉄、バス路線の 発達に ともなって 衛星都市が 発達し、東京への 通勤者の  
またこくてつ、こくでん、してつ、バスろせんのはったつにともなってえいせいとしがはったつし、とうきょうへのつうきんしゃの  
Also, as the national railways, national electric railways, private railways, and bus routes have developed, satellite cities have developed, and the number of commuters to Tokyo...

**12** 東京都は 二十三特別区、十七の 市、三つの 郡、七つの 島から なっている。  
とうきょうとはにじゅうさんとくべつく、じゅうしちのし、みっつのぐん、ななつのしまからなっている。  
Tokyo Metropolis consists of twenty-three special wards, seventeen cities, three counties, and seven islands.

**13** 関東地方の 主な 産業は 京浜工業地帯では 機械工業、化学工業、食料品工業、織物工業、造船業、印刷製本工業などの 諸工業、農業（野菜、麦、米）、絹織物業などである。  
かんとうちほうのおもなさんぎょうはけいひんこうぎょうちたいではきかいこうぎょう、かがくこうぎょう、しょくりょうひんこうぎょう、おりものこうぎょう、ぞうせんぎょう、いんさつせいほんこうぎょうなどのしょこうぎょう、のうぎょう（やさい、むぎ、こめ）、きぬおりものぎょうなどである。  
The main industries of the Kanto region include machinery, chemical, food-processing, textile, shipbuilding, printing, and bookbinding industries in the Keihin Industrial Zone, as well as agriculture (vegetables, wheat, and rice) and the silk textile industry.

**14** 又 銚子の やまさ醤油と 野田の きっこうまん醤油は 有名である。  
またちょうしのやまさしょうゆとのだのきっこうまんしょうゆはゆうめいである。  
Yamasa soy sauce from Choshi and Kikkoman soy sauce from Noda are also famous.

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 数 | number |
| 官立、 | government ----- |
| 公立、 | public |
| 私立 | private |
| 百 | 100 |
| 二十 | 20 |
| 五 | five |
| 全国 | entire country |
| 学生 | student (higher sch.) |
| 交通 | traffic, transportation |
| も | as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes |
| ある。 | certain, some |
| 空港 | airport |
| 国内 | within a country, domestic |
| 航空 | aviation; flight |
| なら | if it is (See Gram. Notes) |
| 数多く | in large numbers |
| 毎日 | Mainichi Newspaper Co. |
| 国鉄、 | National Railways |
| 国電、 | National Railway Electric Train (See Cultural Notes) |
| 私鉄、 | private railway line |
| バス | bus |
| 都市 | city |
| へ | to (See Gram. Notes) |
| 者 | person |
| 三 | three |
| 区、 | ward (See Cultural Notes) |
| 郡、 | county |
| 京浜 | Tokyo-Yokohama (See Cult. Notes) |
| 工業 | manufacturing industry |
| 地帯 | zone |
| 機械 | machine |
| 品 | quality, goods |
| 織物 | fabric |
| 印刷 | printing |
| 製本 | bookbinding |
| など | and so forth, etc. |
| 農業 | agriculture |
| 麦、 | wheat, barley, oats (See Cult. Notes) |
| 野田 | P. N. |

## Kanto prefectures and islands · Questions 1 of 3

### The area southwest of Tokyo

The answers name places in the Kanto area. *大島* means "Oshima."

The area around Mt. *FUJI* lies a few hours' drive southwest of *Tokyo*. It has the Five Lakes of *FUJI*, resorts, hotels, and hot springs.

Mt. *Fuji* is easy to climb in July and August. It is best seen from Lake *Hakone* in autumn and winter.

### Nikkoo and Tochigi

*栃木県* means "Tochigi Prefecture." *Nikkoo* National Park extends across *Tochigi*, *Gumma*, *Fukushima*, and *Niigata* Prefectures.

*Nikkoo* has mountain scenery, rivers, waterfalls, lakes, and ancient trees. It also has the mausolea over the tombs of *Tokugawa Ieyasu*.

**15** 関東地方  
かんとうちほう  
The Kanto region.

**16** 住宅地域と なっている。  
じゅうたくちいきとなっている。  
It has become a residential area.

**17** 群馬県  
ぐんまけん  
Gunma Prefecture.

**18** 栃木県  
とちぎけん  
Tochigi Prefecture.

**19** 茨木県  
いばらきけん  
Ibaraki Prefecture.

**20** 埼玉県  
さいたまけん  
Saitama Prefecture.

**21** 東京都  
とうきょうと  
Tokyo Metropolis.

**22** 千葉県  
ちばけん  
Chiba Prefecture.

**23** 神奈川県  
かながわけん  
Kanagawa Prefecture.

**24** 大島  
おおしま  
Oshima.

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 住宅 | residence |
| 県 | prefecture (See Cultural Notes) |
| 大島 | Oshima Island (See Cult. Notes) |

## Kanto development and Tokyo · Questions 2 of 3

### Kanto and the national center

The questions ask when Kanto developed, how it is divided, and what roles Tokyo has.

*関東地方は いつごろから 政治、交通、産業の 中心として 開けて 来ましたか* means "About when did the Kanto region begin to develop as a center of politics, transportation, and industry?"

Answers supply a time, description, count, name, role, or action from the reading.

**25** 関東地方は いつごろから 政治、交通、産業の 中心として 開けて 来ましたか。  
かんとうちほうはいつごろからせいじ、こうつう、さんぎょうのちゅうしんとしてひらけてきましたか。  
About when did the Kanto region begin to develop as a center of politics, transportation, and industry?

**26** 関東地方は どんな 位置を 占めていますか。  
かんとうちほうはどんないちをしめていますか。  
What kind of position does the Kanto region occupy?

**27** どんな 平野が ありますか。  
どんなへいやがありますか。  
What kind of plain is there?

**28** この 地方は 行政的に いくつの 県に わかれていますか。  
このちほうはぎょうせいてきにいくつのけんにわかれていますか。  
Administratively, how many prefectures is this region divided into?

**29** その 名前は。  
そのなまえは。  
What are their names?

**30** 東京は 何の 中心ですか。  
とうきょうはなんのちゅうしんですか。  
What is Tokyo the center of?

**31** 東京は 国際的に どうですか。  
とうきょうはこくさいてきにどうですか。  
What is Tokyo's position internationally?

**32** 日本の 代表的な 銀行や 会社は どうしていますか。  
にほんのだいひょうてきなぎんこうやかいしゃはどうしていますか。  
What do Japan's leading banks and companies do?

**33** 外国の 銀行や 会社は どうですか。  
がいこくのぎんこうやかいしゃはどうですか。  
What about foreign banks and companies?

**34** 大学の 数は どのくらいですか。  
だいがくのかずはどのくらいですか。  
About how many universities are there?

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| か。 | either--or-- (See Gram. Notes) |
| どんな | what kind of; what sort of |
| い | stomach |
| ます | trout |
| です | to be (See Gram. Notes) |
| 銀行 | bank |
| どの | which (pre-substantive) (See Notes) |
| くらい | dark |

## Airports, industries and local products · Questions 3 of 3

### Transport, products, and destinations

The questions ask about the airport, local government, industry, products, and destinations.

*この 地方で 観光地として 有名な 所は どこですか* means "What places in this region are famous as tourist destinations?"

The answer names one or more destinations from the reading. ENOSHIMA YACHT HARBOR is the name of a harbor for yachts at *Enoshima*.

**35** 東京国際空港は どこに ありますか。  
とうきょうこくさいくうこうはどこにありますか。  
Where is Tokyo International Airport?

**36** 衛星都市は 何の 発達に ともなって 発達して 来ましたか。  
えいせいとしはなんのはったつにともなってはったつしてきましたか。  
What developments have led to the growth of the satellite cities?

**37** 東京都は いくつの 区、いくつの 市、いくつの 郡、いくつの 島から なっていますか。  
とうきょうとはいくつのく、いくつのし、いくつのぐん、いくつのしまからなっていますか。  
How many wards, cities, counties, and islands does Tokyo Metropolis consist of?

**38** 京浜工業地帯では どんな 工業が 盛んですか。  
けいひんこうぎょうちたいではどんなこうぎょうがさかんですか。  
What kinds of industry thrive in the Keihin Industrial Zone?

**39** 関東地方の 主な 産業は 何ですか。  
かんとうちほうのおもなさんぎょうはなんですか。  
What are the main industries of the Kanto region?

**40** 銚子は 何で 有名ですか。  
ちょうしはなんでゆうめいですか。  
What is Choshi famous for?

**41** 野田は 何で 有名ですか。  
のだはなんでゆうめいですか。  
What is Noda famous for?

**42** この 地方で 観光地として 有名な 所は どこですか。  
このちほうでかんこうちとしてゆうめいなところはどこですか。  
What places in this region are famous as tourist destinations?

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 所 | address, place |

## Capitals, offices and administration · Word list 1 of 3

### Location, administration, and offices

These words describe location and administration. *距離* means "distance," *首都* means "capital city" or "capital," and *行政的に* means "administratively."

The entries distinguish offices. *本店* means "head office" or "main shop," while *支店* means "branch store."

**43** 距離  
きょり  
distance

**44** 中心的な  
ちゅうしんてきな  
central

**45** 平野  
へいや  
plain; valley

**46** 首都  
しゅと  
capital city; capital

**47** 行政的に  
ぎょうせいてきに  
administratively

**48** 地位  
ちい  
position

**49** 本店  
ほんてん  
head office; main shop

**50** 支店  
してん  
branch store

**51** 官立  
かんりつ  
government -----

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 中心的な | central |
| 行政的に | administratively |
| 官立 | government ----- |

## Universities, aviation and commuters · Word list 2 of 3

### Study and transport

These words cover universities and transport. *公立* means "public," while *私立* means "private."

*国際空港* means "international airport," *バス路線* means "bus route," and *通勤者* means "commuter."

*発着する* combines "depart and arrive" in one entry.

**52** 公立  
こうりつ  
public

**53** 私立  
しりつ  
private

**54** あわせる  
あわせる  
to combine

**55** 国際空港  
こくさいくうこう  
international airport

**56** 航空  
こうくう  
aviation; flight

**57** 発着する  
はっちゃくする  
depart and arrive

**58** 数多く  
かずおおく  
in large numbers

**59** バス路線  
バスろせん  
bus route

**60** 通勤者  
つうきんしゃ  
commuter

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 公立 | public |
| あわせる | to combine |
| 国際空港 | international airport |
| 発着する | depart and arrive |
| バス路線 | bus route |
| 通勤者 | commuter |

## Residential and publishing words · Word list 3 of 3

### Areas and industries

These words cover types of areas and industries. *住宅地域* means "residential area," and *郡* means "county."

*化学工業* means "chemical industry," while *食料品工業* means "food industry."

The list distinguishes *印刷*, "printing," from *製本*, "bookbinding."

**61** 住宅地域  
じゅうたくちいき  
residential area

**62** 郡  
ぐん  
county

**63** 化学工業  
かがくこうぎょう  
chemical industry

**64** 食料品工業  
しょくりょうひんこうぎょう  
food industry

**65** 印刷  
いんさつ  
printing

**66** 製本  
せいほん  
bookbinding

**67** 諸---  
しょ---  
various ---

```
Guide for Free Conversation and Exercises

1 Topics:

a Talk about the following topics in Japanese.

(1) Kantoo Region in general.

(2) Tokyo as a center of transportation.

(3) Tokyo as a center of culture.

(4) Tokyo as a political center.

(5) Industry in Kantoo Region.

(6) Interesting sightseeing spots in Tokyo.

(7) Nikkoo National Park.

(8) Kamakura.

(9) Atami and Izu Peninsula.

2 Exercise:

a 次の 文章を 日本語に 訳してください。

(1) Tokyo is the center of administration, economy, and culture of Japan.

(2) With the development of transportation facilities, satellite cities grew.

(3) At the Tokyo International Airport, many planes depart and arrive everyday.

(4) The number of colleges and universities is over 125 including private, public, and government
```

```
Homework

1 Study the Narration thoroughly and memorize the vocabulary.

2 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given,

3 Learn to read and write new Kanji,

4 Read the Cultural Notes.
```

| word | gloss |
|---|---|
| 住宅地域 | residential area |
| 郡 | county |
| 化学工業 | chemical industry |
| 食料品工業 | food industry |
| 諸--- | various --- |