{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L147","title":"Lesson 147","stage":"Narration and the written language","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 147: national holidays and new year · narration 1 of 3, new year and seasonal festivals · narration 2 of 3, boys’ day, holiday and festival traditions · questions 1 of 2, seasonal festivals and river fireworks · questions 2 of 2, national holiday words · word list 1 of 4, new year and festival greetings · word list 2 of 4, dolls, bon dancing and fireworks · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/145","lines":70},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/144","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/146","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"National holidays and New Year · Narration 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Eleven national holidays","paragraphs":["*次の 十一は 全国的の 祭日として 執行されている* means \"The following eleven are observed as national holidays.\"","These include *元日*, \"New Year's Day\", *春分の日*, \"Vernal Equinox Day\", and *勤労感謝の日*, \"Labor Thanksgiving Day\"."]},{"title":"Food for New Year's Day","paragraphs":["*元日は お正月とも言い、日本人にとっては 最も大切な日で、朝飯に おとそを飲み、ぞうにを食べる* says New Year's Day is also called New Year's. It is the most important day for Japanese people.","At breakfast, people drink *おとそ*, \"spiced sake\", and eat *ぞうに*, \"rice cakes boiled with vegetables\".","The special dish *ZOONI* contains broth, vegetables and *MOCHI* rice cakes. The ceremonial drink *TOSO* is sweet sake flavored with cassia bark and other spices."]},{"title":"Kanji: 念, 勤, 謝, 祭","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 元, 春, 秋","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.001","source":"日本ほど 祭日の 多い国は 世界でも あまりないだろう、お祭の 一つや二つない月は ほとんどない。","translation":"There are probably few countries in the world with as many holidays as Japan; there is hardly a month without one or two festivals.","reading":"にほんほどさいじつのおおいくにはせかいでもあまりないだろう、おまつりのひとつやふたつないつきはほとんどない。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"as many as"},{"text":"祭日","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"国","gloss":"countries","reading":"くに"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"世界","gloss":"world","reading":"せかい"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"many"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"there are not"},{"text":"だろう、","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"お","gloss":"festival"},{"text":"祭","gloss":"festival","reading":"まつり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"や","gloss":"or"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"ふた"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"two"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"without"},{"text":"月","gloss":"month","reading":"つき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"hardly"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.002","source":"今その おもなものを あげて見よう。","translation":"Now let us list the main ones.","reading":"いまそのおもなものをあげてみよう。","words":[{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"その","gloss":"those"},{"text":"おもな","gloss":"main"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"あげ","gloss":"let us list"},{"text":"て","gloss":"let us list"},{"text":"見よう。","gloss":"let us list","reading":"みよう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.003","source":"次の 十一は 全国的の 祭日として 執行されている。","translation":"The following eleven are observed as national holidays.","reading":"つぎのじゅういちはぜんこくてきのさいじつとしてしっこうされている。","words":[{"text":"次","gloss":"following","reading":"つぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"eleven","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"eleven","reading":"いち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"全国","gloss":"national","reading":"ぜんこく"},{"text":"的","gloss":"national","reading":"てき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"祭日","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"執行","gloss":"are observed","reading":"しっこう"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"are observed"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.004","source":"それは 一月一日の 元日、一月十五日の 成人の日、三月二十一日の 春分の日、四月二十九日の 天皇誕生日、五月三日の 憲法記念日、五月五日の 子供の日、九月十五日の 老人の日、九月二十三日の 秋分の日、十月十日の 体育日、十一月三日の 文化の日、十一月二十三日の","translation":"They are New Year's Day on January 1, Coming-of-Age Day on January 15, the Vernal Equinox on March 21, the Emperor's Birthday on April 29, Constitution Memorial Day on May 3, Children's Day on May 5, Respect for the Aged Day on September 15, the Autumnal Equinox on September 23, Health and Sports Day on October 10, Culture Day on November 3, and November 23","reading":"それはいちがつついたちのがんじつ、いちがつじゅうごにちのせいじんのひ、さんがつにじゅういちにちのしゅんぶんのひ、しがつにじゅうくにちのてんのうたんじょうび、ごがつみっかのけんぽうきねんび、ごがついつかのこどものひ、くがつじゅうごにちのろうじんのひ、くがつにじゅうさんにちのしゅうぶんのひ、じゅうがつとおかのたいいくび、じゅういちがつみっかのぶんかのひ、じゅういちがつにじゅうさんにちの","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"they"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"January"},{"text":"月","gloss":"January"},{"text":"一日","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"元日、","gloss":"New Year's Day"},{"text":"一","gloss":"January"},{"text":"月","gloss":"January"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"成人","gloss":"Coming-of-Age","reading":"せいじん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"三","gloss":"March"},{"text":"月","gloss":"March"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty-first"},{"text":"一","gloss":"twenty-first"},{"text":"日","gloss":"twenty-first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"春分","gloss":"Vernal Equinox","reading":"しゅんぶん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"四","gloss":"April"},{"text":"月","gloss":"April"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty-ninth"},{"text":"九","gloss":"twenty-ninth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"twenty-ninth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"天皇","gloss":"Emperor's Birthday"},{"text":"誕生","gloss":"Emperor's Birthday"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Emperor's Birthday"},{"text":"五","gloss":"May"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"憲法","gloss":"Constitution Memorial Day"},{"text":"記念","gloss":"Constitution Memorial Day"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Constitution Memorial Day"},{"text":"五","gloss":"May"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"九","gloss":"September"},{"text":"月","gloss":"September"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"老人","gloss":"the aged"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"九","gloss":"September"},{"text":"月","gloss":"September"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"三","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"秋分","gloss":"Autumnal Equinox"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"十","gloss":"October"},{"text":"月","gloss":"October"},{"text":"十","gloss":"tenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"tenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"体育","gloss":"Health and Sports Day"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Health and Sports Day"},{"text":"十","gloss":"November"},{"text":"一","gloss":"November"},{"text":"月","gloss":"November"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"文化","gloss":"culture"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日、","gloss":"Day"},{"text":"十","gloss":"November"},{"text":"一","gloss":"November"},{"text":"月","gloss":"November"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"三","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"twenty-third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.005","source":"勤労感謝の日である。","translation":"is Labor Thanksgiving Day.","reading":"きんろうかんしゃのひである。","words":[{"text":"勤労","gloss":"labor","reading":"きんろう"},{"text":"感謝","gloss":"thanksgiving","reading":"かんしゃ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Day","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ある。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.006","source":"元日は お正月とも言い、日本人にとっては 最も大切な日で、朝飯に おとそを飲み、ぞうにを食べる。","translation":"New Year's Day is also called New Year's, and for Japanese people it is the most important day; at breakfast they drink spiced sake and eat rice cakes in soup.","reading":"がんじつはおしょうがつともいい、にほんじんにとってはもっともたいせつなひで、あさめしにおとそをのみ、ぞうにをたべる。","words":[{"text":"元日","gloss":"New Year's Day","reading":"がんじつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"New Year's"},{"text":"正月","gloss":"New Year's","reading":"しょうがつ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"言い、","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"とっ","gloss":"for"},{"text":"て","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"最も","gloss":"most","reading":"もっとも"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"な","gloss":"important"},{"text":"日","gloss":"day","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"being"},{"text":"朝飯","gloss":"breakfast","reading":"あさめし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"お","gloss":"spiced sake"},{"text":"とそ","gloss":"spiced sake"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み、","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ぞうに","gloss":"rice-cake soup"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる。","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"1 Tanabata Matsuri (Star Festival)\n\nThis festival, perhaps the most romantic of all annual functions, owes its inception to a popular belief that two lovely stars Kengyuu (Altair) and Shokujo (Vega or Weaver Star), which are set apart on either side of the Milky Way, are said to have their joyous union on that single night of each year. The most usual way of celebrating this festival, particularly by young people, is by making offerings of melons, peaches, pears, and cakes to the stars in honor of their happy union. These offerings (usually made of paper) are hung on the innumerable branches of a bamboo which is set up in the garden. The bamboo is also adorned with long narrow strips of paper of various colors, on which are written poems associated with the romantic legend."},{"section":2,"text":"Bon Festival\n\nIt has been observed yearly in Japan on July 13, 14, and 15 by Buddhist families ever since the introduction of that faith from China. It is a reunion of the living with the spirits of the dead, a season of kindliness and\n\nregard for the dead and of spiritual meditation. Its purpose is to perpetuate the memory of ancestors, to stimulate ancestor-worship and filial piety, and to serve as a reminder to those who observe the festival of what their forefathers have done for them.\n\nAt the graveyards, the 13th is a day of pious devotion to family ancestors and much incense is burned. As darkness sets in, more and more families arrive at the gravesides to invite the spirits to visit their old homes and to escort them thither. White lanterns are lighted throughout the cemeteries.\n\nThe Bon Odori (Bon Dance) is another feature of Obon. It is the community dance usually held on the last night of Obon to celebrate the return of the spirits of the dead. It is best seen in the country districts, where it is the most delightful event of the year for the young folks who gather at the grounds of the local shrine or temple and dance until late in the night. Dances and songs differ according to districts and symbolize their respective local traditions. Tooro-nagashi or lantern\n\nfloating is the picturesque ending to the Obon service. To guide the ancestral spirits back to the other world, little floats are lighted with candles and floated down rivers or on the sea. Hundreds and thousands of such lighted floats are set off at one place and the people eagerly watch them float down the river or carried by the wind far away from the shore."},{"section":3,"text":"Shichi-go-san\n\nA beautiful festival held on November 15 is the ”Shichi-go-san,” literally ”Seven-five-three.” On that day, parents with boys or girls of three years of age, boys of five, and girls of seven take them to visit the local shrine to express their thanks and gratitude to the tutelary deity that their children have reached these ages safely and to invoke future blessings."},{"section":4,"text":"Hana Matsuri (Buddha’s Birthday)\n\nThe birthday of Shaka-muni, the founder of Buddhism, is celebrated throughout Japan on April 8. Every temple of note observes the ceremony of Kambutsu-e, or\n\n”Baptizing Ceremony of Buddha,” which consists mainly in pouring ”sweet tea” from tiny ladles over a small statue of the infant Buddha as an expression of devotion, and then drinking the tea."},{"section":5,"text":"Kawa-biraki\n\nThis is an ancient festival more in the nature of a carnival and it is held on the water usually on the third Saturday of July. In Tokyo it takes place on the Sumida River and is known as the ”function for opening the Sumida River.”\n\nThis festival has no religious significance, being merely designed to attract people to the river to enjoy the cool evening breezes and to stimulate the business of the restaurants, tea houses, etc., located there, under whose auspices it is held. One feature of the attraction is a display of fireworks. Boats lighted with scores of lanterns, some of them carrying geisha, singing and playing samisen, float idly on the river, presenting a picturesque scene. Thousands of people line the banks of the river and for miles around, the roofs of the houses and other places from\n\nwhich the scene can be viewed are crowded with spectators."},{"section":6,"text":"WAKANA or NANAKUSA NO SEKKU\n\nThe seventh day of January is known as Nanakusa (seven herbs) because of the special dish served on that day, a rice-gruel seasoned with Nanakusa, or seven kinds of early herbs."},{"section":7,"text":"Special New Year’s Food\n\nSpecial food is eaten during the New Year holidays, the first meal on New Year’s Day being a great event. The special dish is ZOONI, a sort of broth containing MOCHI (rice-cakes) and vegetables. ZOONI is as imperative during the New Year holidays as is rice on any other day of the year. Many other delicacies are served, including KAZUNOKO (herring roe), which literally means ”numerous children”; black beans, because the Japanese name for them (MAME) is pronounced in the same way, though written differently, as another Japanese word meaning ”robust”; hulled dried chestnuts (KACHIGURI), to denote success, inasmuch as the word KACHI means ”victory or triumph”; dried seaweed (KOMBU)\n\nfor happiness; the lotus root, the lotus being a sacred plant which, though growing in muddy water, has its stems going straight upwards and bearing a pure white flower.\n\nBesides the food mentioned, a ceremonial drink, TOSO, is served at this time in the belief that it possesses a preventive power against sickness in general. TOSO is a sweet SAKE(MIRIN) flavored with cassia bark and other spicy ingredients. MOCHI, a kind of rice-paste, made into flat, round or square cakes of many sizes, is eaten throughout the holidays."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ほど","gloss":"to the extent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"祭日","gloss":"national holiday; festival"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"国","gloss":"country, nation"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"も","gloss":"as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"全国","gloss":"entire country"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"いる。","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"一日","gloss":"first day of the month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"元日、","gloss":"New Year's Day"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"成人","gloss":"adult"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"二十","gloss":"20"},{"word":"四","gloss":"four"},{"word":"九","gloss":"nine"},{"word":"天皇","gloss":"emperor"},{"word":"憲法","gloss":"constitution"},{"word":"文化","gloss":"culture"},{"word":"勤労","gloss":"labor; personal service"},{"word":"感謝","gloss":"thanks; gratitude"},{"word":"ある。","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"ぞうに","gloss":"rice cakes boiled with vegetables"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"New Year and seasonal festivals · Narration 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"The festival of seven herbs","paragraphs":["*この 十一祭日の外に 五節句（一月七日の 若菜の節句、三月三日の 桃の節句、五月五日の しょうぶの節句、七月七日の 七夕祭、九月九日の 菊の節句）がある* lists five seasonal festivals. *若菜の節句* falls on January 7.","The day also has the name *Nanakusa*, \"seven herbs\". People serve rice gruel seasoned with seven kinds of early herbs."]},{"title":"The Star Festival","paragraphs":["*七月七日の 七夕祭* names the Star Festival on July 7. It concerns *Kengyuu* and *Shokujo*, two stars separated by the Milky Way.","Young people offer paper melons, peaches, pears and cakes to the stars. They hang them from bamboo with colored paper strips bearing poems."]},{"title":"Kanji: 形","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.007","source":"お正月のお祝いは 大抵 三日続き、「明けまして お目でとう御ざいます。","translation":"New Year's celebrations usually last three days, and people say, “Happy New Year.","reading":"おしょうがつのおいわいはたいていみっかつづき、「あけましておめでとうございます。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"New Year's"},{"text":"正月","gloss":"New Year's","reading":"しょうがつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"celebration"},{"text":"祝い","gloss":"celebration","reading":"いわい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three days"},{"text":"日","gloss":"three days"},{"text":"続き、","gloss":"last"},{"text":"「明け","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"て","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"お","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"目","gloss":"Happy New Year","reading":"め"},{"text":"で","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"とう","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"御","gloss":"Happy New Year","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"い","gloss":"Happy New Year"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"Happy New Year"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.008","source":"昨年中は 色々と ありがとう御ざいました。","translation":"Thank you very much for everything you did for me last year.","reading":"さくねんちゅうはいろいろとありがとうございました。","words":[{"text":"昨年","gloss":"last year","reading":"さくねん"},{"text":"中","gloss":"last year","reading":"ちゅう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"色々","gloss":"everything","reading":"いろいろ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"ありがとう","gloss":"thank you very much"},{"text":"御","gloss":"thank you very much","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"thank you very much"},{"text":"い","gloss":"thank you very much"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"thank you very much"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"thank you very much"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.009","source":"今年も 相変らず どうぞよろしく」と言って 年始にまわる。","translation":"I hope I can count on your continued kindness this year,” as they make their New Year’s calls.","reading":"ことしもあいかわらずどうぞよろしく」といってねんしにまわる。","words":[{"text":"今年","gloss":"this year","reading":"ことし"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"相","gloss":"as always","reading":"あい"},{"text":"変ら","gloss":"as always","reading":"かわら"},{"text":"ず","gloss":"as always"},{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"よろしく」","gloss":"continued kindness"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"say","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"say"},{"text":"年始","gloss":"New Year's calls","reading":"ねんし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"まわる。","gloss":"make rounds"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.010","source":"この 十一祭日の外に 五節句（一月七日の 若菜の節句、三月三日の 桃の節句、五月五日の しょうぶの節句、七月七日の 七夕祭、九月九日の 菊の節句）がある。","translation":"In addition to these eleven holidays, there are five seasonal festivals: the Festival of Young Greens on January 7, the Peach Festival on March 3, the Iris Festival on May 5, the Star Festival on July 7, and the Chrysanthemum Festival on September 9.","reading":"このじゅういちさいじつのほかにごせっく（いちがつなのかのわかなのせっく、さんがつみっかのもものせっく、ごがついつかのしょうぶのせっく、しちがつなのかのたなばたまつり、くがつここのかのきくのせっく）がある。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"十","gloss":"eleven","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"eleven","reading":"いち"},{"text":"祭日","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"besides","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festivals"},{"text":"（一","gloss":"January"},{"text":"月","gloss":"January"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seventh"},{"text":"日","gloss":"seventh"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"若菜","gloss":"young greens","reading":"わかな"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句、","gloss":"seasonal festival"},{"text":"三","gloss":"March"},{"text":"月","gloss":"March"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"桃","gloss":"peach","reading":"もも"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句、","gloss":"seasonal festival"},{"text":"五","gloss":"May"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"しょうぶ","gloss":"iris"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句、","gloss":"seasonal festival"},{"text":"七","gloss":"July"},{"text":"月","gloss":"July"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seventh"},{"text":"日","gloss":"seventh"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"七夕","gloss":"Star Festival"},{"text":"祭、","gloss":"Star Festival"},{"text":"九","gloss":"September"},{"text":"月","gloss":"September"},{"text":"九","gloss":"ninth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"ninth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"菊","gloss":"chrysanthemum"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句）","gloss":"seasonal festival"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある。","gloss":"there are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.011","source":"三月三日の 桃の","translation":"The Peach Festival on March 3","reading":"さんがつみっかのももの","words":[{"text":"三","gloss":"March"},{"text":"月","gloss":"March"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third"},{"text":"日","gloss":"third"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"桃","gloss":"peach","reading":"もも"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.012","source":"節句は 普通 ひな祭と呼ばれ、女の子は 美しい ひな人形を かざって、その前で 面白く遊ぶ。","translation":"is usually called the Doll Festival; girls display beautiful dolls and have fun playing in front of them.","reading":"せっくはふつうひなまつりとよばれ、おんなのこはうつくしいひなにんぎょうをかざって、そのまえでおもしろくあそぶ。","words":[{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"普通","gloss":"usually","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"ひな","gloss":"Doll Festival"},{"text":"祭","gloss":"Doll Festival","reading":"まつり"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"呼ば","gloss":"is called","reading":"よば"},{"text":"れ、","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"女の子","gloss":"girls"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"美しい","gloss":"beautiful","reading":"うつくしい"},{"text":"ひな","gloss":"dolls"},{"text":"人形","gloss":"dolls","reading":"にんぎょう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かざっ","gloss":"display"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"display"},{"text":"その","gloss":"their"},{"text":"前","gloss":"front","reading":"まえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"面白く","gloss":"happily","reading":"おもしろく"},{"text":"遊ぶ。","gloss":"play","reading":"あそぶ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"祝い","gloss":"celebration, congratulation"},{"word":"とう","gloss":"tower"},{"word":"い","gloss":"stomach"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"今年","gloss":"this year"},{"word":"年始","gloss":"New Year's call"},{"word":"節句","gloss":"annual festival; fete"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"word":"しょうぶ","gloss":"Iris"},{"word":"菊","gloss":"chrysanthemum"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"女の子","gloss":"girl"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Boys’ Day, Obon and fireworks · Narration 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Grave visits and Bon dancing","paragraphs":["*おぼんは 陰暦七月十三、十四、十五日の 三日間に かけて 行なわれる 仏事* describes three days of Buddhist observance. People visit graves by day and hold the Bon Dance at night.","Families honor their ancestors and invite their spirits home. At the end, candlelit floats guide the spirits back on rivers or the sea."]},{"title":"Fireworks on the Sumida River","paragraphs":["*これは 七月の 月の 三番目の 土曜日に 行なわれ、花火の 打ち上げが 呼物の 一つに なっている* places the river festival on the third Saturday of July. A fireworks display is one main attraction.","In Tokyo, *川開き* takes place on the Sumida River. Lantern-lit boats float on the water while spectators gather along the banks."]},{"title":"Kanji: 墓","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.013","source":"五月五日の しょうぶの節句は「たんごの節句」とも言われ、男の子の節句で、家の外に こいのぼりを立てる。","translation":"The Iris Festival on May 5 is also called the Boys' Festival; it is a festival for boys, and carp streamers are raised outside the house.","reading":"ごがついつかのしょうぶのせっくは「たんごのせっく」ともいわれ、おとこのこのせっくで、いえのそとにこいのぼりをたてる。","words":[{"text":"五","gloss":"May"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"しょうぶ","gloss":"iris"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"「たんご","gloss":"Boys' Festival"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句」","gloss":"Festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"言わ","gloss":"is called","reading":"いわ"},{"text":"れ、","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"男の子","gloss":"boys"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"being"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"outside","reading":"そと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"こいのぼり","gloss":"carp streamers"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"立てる。","gloss":"raise","reading":"たてる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.014","source":"おぼんは 陰暦七月十三、十四、十五日の 三日間に かけて 行なわれる 仏事で、昼は 墓参りを し、夜には「ぼんおどり」を やって 大変 にぎわう。","translation":"Obon is a Buddhist observance held over the three days of July 13, 14, and 15 by the lunar calendar; people visit graves during the day, and at night the Bon dancing makes it very lively.","reading":"おぼんはいんれきしちがつじゅうさん、じゅうよっか、じゅうごにちのみっかかんにかけておこなわれるぶつじで、ひるははかまいりをし、よるには「ぼんおどり」をやってたいへんにぎわう。","words":[{"text":"おぼん","gloss":"Obon"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"陰暦","gloss":"lunar calendar"},{"text":"七","gloss":"July"},{"text":"月","gloss":"July"},{"text":"十","gloss":"thirteenth"},{"text":"三、","gloss":"thirteenth"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fourteenth"},{"text":"四、","gloss":"fourteenth"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"fifteenth"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three days","reading":"みっ"},{"text":"日間","gloss":"three days","reading":"かかん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"over"},{"text":"かけ","gloss":"over"},{"text":"て","gloss":"over"},{"text":"行なわ","gloss":"is held","reading":"おこなわ"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"is held"},{"text":"仏事","gloss":"Buddhist observance","reading":"ぶつじ"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"being"},{"text":"昼","gloss":"daytime","reading":"ひる"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"墓参り","gloss":"grave visits","reading":"はかまいり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"do"},{"text":"夜","gloss":"night","reading":"よる"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"「ぼんおどり」","gloss":"Bon dancing"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やっ","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"do"},{"text":"大変","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"にぎわう。","gloss":"becomes lively"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.015","source":"この 外 地方の 祭が 数知れぬほど ある。","translation":"Besides these, there are countless local festivals.","reading":"このほかちほうのまつりがかずしれぬほどある。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"外","gloss":"besides","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"地方","gloss":"local","reading":"ちほう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"祭","gloss":"festivals","reading":"まつり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"数","gloss":"countless","reading":"かず"},{"text":"知れ","gloss":"countless","reading":"しれ"},{"text":"ぬ","gloss":"countless"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"so many"},{"text":"ある。","gloss":"there are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.016","source":"隅田川の 川開きも 年中行事の 一つである。","translation":"The opening of the Sumida River is also one of the annual events.","reading":"すみだがわのかわびらきもねんじゅうぎょうじのひとつである。","words":[{"text":"隅田","gloss":"Sumida River","reading":"すみだ"},{"text":"川","gloss":"Sumida River","reading":"がわ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"川開き","gloss":"river opening","reading":"かわびらき"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"年中","gloss":"annual events","reading":"ねんじゅう"},{"text":"行事","gloss":"annual events","reading":"ぎょうじ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ある。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L147.rd.017","source":"これは 七月の 月の 三番目の 土曜日に 行なわれ、花火の 打ち上げが 呼物の 一つに なっている。","translation":"It is held on the third Saturday in July, and a fireworks display is one of its main attractions.","reading":"これはしちがつのつきのさんばんめのどようびにおこなわれ、はなびのうちあげがよびもののひとつになっている。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"七","gloss":"July"},{"text":"月","gloss":"July"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"月","gloss":"month","reading":"つき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"三","gloss":"third","reading":"さん"},{"text":"番","gloss":"third","reading":"ばん"},{"text":"目","gloss":"third","reading":"め"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"行なわ","gloss":"is held","reading":"おこなわ"},{"text":"れ、","gloss":"is held"},{"text":"花火","gloss":"fireworks","reading":"はなび"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"打ち上げ","gloss":"display","reading":"うちあげ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"呼","gloss":"attraction"},{"text":"物","gloss":"attraction"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"のひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is"},{"text":"いる。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.rd.017.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"男の子","gloss":"boy"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"こいのぼり","gloss":"paper carp"},{"word":"おぼん","gloss":"Bon Festival; Feast of Lanterns"},{"word":"陰暦","gloss":"lunar calendar"},{"word":"三、","gloss":"three"},{"word":"四、","gloss":"four"},{"word":"れる","gloss":"to be able to --\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"仏事","gloss":"Buddhist mass; Buddhist service"},{"word":"墓参り","gloss":"visit to a grave"},{"word":"し、","gloss":"city"},{"word":"夜","gloss":"night, evening"},{"word":"「ぼんおどり」","gloss":"Bon Dance"},{"word":"にぎわう。","gloss":"flourish; be crowded; be bustling"},{"word":"地方","gloss":"country, region"},{"word":"数","gloss":"number"},{"word":"川","gloss":"river"},{"word":"川開き","gloss":"river fete"},{"word":"年中","gloss":"all year around"},{"word":"花火","gloss":"fireworks"},{"word":"打ち上げ","gloss":"display; send up; shooting up"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Holiday and festival traditions · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Holidays and children's festivals","paragraphs":["The questions ask for holiday names, dates and customs. *桃の 節句は 普通 何と 呼ばれていますか* means \"What is the Peach Festival usually called?\" An answer names the Doll Festival.","*Shichi-go-san* means \"Seven-five-three\". On November 15, parents take children aged three, boys aged five and girls aged seven to a local shrine.","The parents give thanks that the children reached these ages safely. They also ask the local deity for future blessings."]}],"lines":[{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.001","source":"日本には 祭日が 多いですか。","translation":"Are there many holidays in Japan?","reading":"にほんにはさいじつがおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"祭日","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.001.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.002","source":"全国的の 祭日として 執行されているものを 十一言ってください（十一祭日）。","translation":"Please name the eleven holidays observed as national holidays.","reading":"ぜんこくてきのさいじつとしてしっこうされているものをじゅういちいってください（じゅういちさいじつ）。","words":[{"text":"全国","gloss":"national","reading":"ぜんこく"},{"text":"的","gloss":"national","reading":"てき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"祭日","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"執行","gloss":"are observed","reading":"しっこう"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"are observed"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"十","gloss":"eleven","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"eleven","reading":"いち"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"name","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"name"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"（十","gloss":"eleven","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"eleven","reading":"いち"},{"text":"祭日）。","gloss":"holidays","reading":"さいじつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.002.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.003","source":"元日には 朝飯に 何を 食べて、何を 飲みますか。","translation":"What do people eat and drink for breakfast on New Year's Day?","reading":"がんじつにはあさめしになにをたべて、なにをのみますか。","words":[{"text":"元日","gloss":"New Year's Day","reading":"がんじつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"朝飯","gloss":"breakfast","reading":"あさめし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.003.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.004","source":"お正月の お祝いは 大抵 何日 続きますか。","translation":"How many days do New Year's celebrations usually last?","reading":"おしょうがつのおいわいはたいていなんにちつづきますか。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"New Year's"},{"text":"正月","gloss":"New Year's","reading":"しょうがつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"celebrations"},{"text":"祝い","gloss":"celebrations","reading":"いわい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many days"},{"text":"日","gloss":"how many days"},{"text":"続き","gloss":"last"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"last"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.004.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.005","source":"年始に まわる時には 何と 言いますか。","translation":"What do people say when they make their New Year's calls?","reading":"ねんしにまわるときにはなんといいますか。","words":[{"text":"年始","gloss":"New Year's calls","reading":"ねんし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"まわる","gloss":"make"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"say","reading":"いい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"say"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.005.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.006","source":"五節句というのは 何ですか、言ってください。","translation":"What are the five seasonal festivals? Please name them.","reading":"ごせっくというのはなんですか、いってください。","words":[{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festivals","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"question"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"name","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"name"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.006.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.007","source":"桃の 節句は 普通 何と 呼ばれていますか。","translation":"What is the Peach Festival usually called?","reading":"もものせっくはふつうなんとよばれていますか。","words":[{"text":"桃","gloss":"peach","reading":"もも"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"普通","gloss":"usually","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"呼ば","gloss":"is called","reading":"よば"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"元日","gloss":"New Year's Day"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Seasonal festivals and river fireworks · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Dates and festival customs","paragraphs":["The questions ask when a festival occurs and what people do during it. *おぼんは いつですか* means \"When is Obon?\" An answer gives its three July dates.","*Hana Matsuri* celebrates the birthday of Shaka-muni, the founder of Buddhism, on April 8. Temples hold the *Kambutsu-e* ceremony.","People pour sweet tea from small ladles over a statue of the infant Buddha. They then drink the tea."]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.008","source":"その日には どんな事を しますか。","translation":"What do people do on that day?","reading":"そのひにはどんなことをしますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"日","gloss":"day","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"do"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.008.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.009","source":"しょうぶの 節句は 普通 何と 呼ばれていますか。","translation":"What is the Iris Festival usually called?","reading":"しょうぶのせっくはふつうなんとよばれていますか。","words":[{"text":"しょうぶ","gloss":"iris"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"節句","gloss":"seasonal festival","reading":"せっく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"普通","gloss":"usually","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"呼ば","gloss":"is called","reading":"よば"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is called"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.009.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.010","source":"その日には どんな事を しますか。","translation":"What do people do on that day?","reading":"そのひにはどんなことをしますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"日","gloss":"day","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"do"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.010.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.011","source":"おぼんは いつですか。","translation":"When is Obon?","reading":"おぼんはいつですか。","words":[{"text":"おぼん","gloss":"Obon"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.011.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.012","source":"その日には どんな事を しますか。","translation":"What do people do on those days?","reading":"そのひにはどんなことをしますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"those"},{"text":"日","gloss":"days","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.012.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.013","source":"隅田川の 川開きは いつですか。","translation":"When is the opening of the Sumida River?","reading":"すみだがわのかわびらきはいつですか。","words":[{"text":"隅田","gloss":"Sumida River","reading":"すみだ"},{"text":"川","gloss":"Sumida River","reading":"がわ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"川開き","gloss":"river opening","reading":"かわびらき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.013.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L147.q.014","source":"その日には どんな事を しますか。","translation":"What do people do on that day?","reading":"そのひにはどんなことをしますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"日","gloss":"day","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.q.014.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"National holiday words · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Holidays and New Year foods","paragraphs":["These words name national holidays, including *元日*, \"New Year's Day\", and *勤労感謝の日*, \"Labor Thanksgiving Day\".","The New Year entries include *おとそ*, \"spiced sake\", and *ぞうに*, \"rice cakes boiled with vegetables\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.001","source":"祭日","translation":"national holiday; festival","reading":"さいじつ","words":[{"text":"祭日","gloss":"national holiday","reading":"さいじつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.001.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.002","source":"執行する","translation":"hold; perform","reading":"しっこうする","words":[{"text":"執行する","gloss":"hold or perform","reading":"しっこうする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.002.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.003","source":"元日","translation":"New Year's Day","reading":"がんじつ","words":[{"text":"元日","gloss":"New Year's Day","reading":"がんじつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.003.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.004","source":"成人","translation":"adult","reading":"せいじん","words":[{"text":"成人","gloss":"adult","reading":"せいじん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.004.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.005","source":"春分の日","translation":"Vernal Equinox Day","reading":"しゅんぶんのひ","words":[{"text":"春分の日","gloss":"Vernal Equinox Day","reading":"しゅんぶんのひ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.005.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.006","source":"記念日","translation":"commemoration day; anniversary","reading":"きねんび","words":[{"text":"記念日","gloss":"anniversary","reading":"きねんび"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.006.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.007","source":"秋分の日","translation":"Autumnal Equinox Day","reading":"しゅうぶんのひ","words":[{"text":"秋分の日","gloss":"Autumnal Equinox Day","reading":"しゅうぶんのひ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.007.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.008","source":"勤労感謝の日","translation":"Labor Thanksgiving Day","reading":"きんろうかんしゃのひ","words":[{"text":"勤労感謝の日","gloss":"Labor Thanksgiving Day","reading":"きんろうかんしゃのひ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.008.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.009","source":"おとそ","translation":"spiced sake","reading":"おとそ","words":[{"text":"おとそ","gloss":"spiced sake"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.009.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.010","source":"ぞうに","translation":"rice cakes boiled with vegetables","reading":"ぞうに","words":[{"text":"ぞうに","gloss":"rice-cake vegetable soup"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.010.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"執行する","gloss":"hold; perform"},{"word":"春分の日","gloss":"Vernal Equinox Day"},{"word":"記念日","gloss":"commemoration day; anniversary"},{"word":"秋分の日","gloss":"Autumnal Equinox Day"},{"word":"勤労感謝の日","gloss":"Labor Thanksgiving Day"},{"word":"おとそ","gloss":"spiced sake"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"New Year and festival greetings · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"New Year calls and festivals","paragraphs":["The New Year expressions include *明けましてお目でとう*, \"a Happy New Year\", and *今年も 相変らず どうぞよろしく*, \"I beg you will continue to favor me this year.\"","The festival names include *若菜の節句*, \"Festival of Early Herb\", and *七夕祭*, \"Star Festival\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.011","source":"年始","translation":"New Year's call","reading":"ねんし","words":[{"text":"年始","gloss":"New Year's call","reading":"ねんし"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.011.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.012","source":"明けましてお目でとう","translation":"a Happy New Year","reading":"あけましておめでとう","words":[{"text":"明けましてお目でとう","gloss":"Happy New Year","reading":"あけましておめでとう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.012.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.013","source":"今年も 相変らず どうぞよろしく","translation":"I beg you will continue to favor me this year.","reading":"ことしもあいかわらずどうぞよろしく","words":[{"text":"今年も相変らずどうぞよろしく","gloss":"please favor me again","reading":"ことしもあいかわらずどうぞよろしく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.013.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.014","source":"節句","translation":"annual festival; fete","reading":"せっく","words":[{"text":"節句","gloss":"annual festival","reading":"せっく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.014.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.015","source":"若菜の節句","translation":"Festival of Early Herb","reading":"わかなのせっく","words":[{"text":"若菜の節句","gloss":"Early Herb Festival","reading":"わかなのせっく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.015.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.016","source":"勤労","translation":"labor; personal service","reading":"きんろう","words":[{"text":"勤労","gloss":"labor","reading":"きんろう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.016.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.017","source":"感謝","translation":"thanks; gratitude","reading":"かんしゃ","words":[{"text":"感謝","gloss":"gratitude","reading":"かんしゃ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.017.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.018","source":"桃の節句","translation":"Peach blossom feast","reading":"もものせっく","words":[{"text":"桃の節句","gloss":"Peach Blossom Festival","reading":"もものせっく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.018.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.019","source":"しょうぶ","translation":"Iris","reading":"しょうぶ","words":[{"text":"しょうぶ","gloss":"iris"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.019.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.020","source":"七夕祭","translation":"Star Festival","reading":"たなばたまつり","words":[{"text":"七夕祭","gloss":"Star Festival","reading":"たなばたまつり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"明けましてお目でとう","gloss":"a Happy New Year"},{"word":"今年も相変らずどうぞよろしく","gloss":"I beg you will continue to favor me this year."},{"word":"若菜の節句","gloss":"Festival of Early Herb"},{"word":"桃の節句","gloss":"Peach blossom feast"},{"word":"七夕祭","gloss":"Star Festival"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Dolls, carp and Obon · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Dolls, carp and Obon","paragraphs":["The children's festival entries include *ひな人形*, \"doll\", and *こいのぼり*, \"paper carp\".","The Obon entries include *陰暦*, \"lunar calendar\", *仏事*, \"Buddhist service\", and *墓参り*, \"visit to a grave\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.021","source":"菊","translation":"chrysanthemum","reading":"きく","words":[{"text":"菊","gloss":"chrysanthemum","reading":"きく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.021.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.022","source":"ひな祭","translation":"Doll Festival","reading":"ひなまつり","words":[{"text":"ひな祭","gloss":"Doll Festival","reading":"ひなまつり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.022.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.023","source":"ひな人形","translation":"doll","reading":"ひなにんぎょう","words":[{"text":"ひな人形","gloss":"festival doll","reading":"ひなにんぎょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.023.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.024","source":"かざる","translation":"decorate; exhibit","reading":"かざる","words":[{"text":"かざる","gloss":"decorate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.024.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.025","source":"たんごの節句","translation":"Boy's Festival","reading":"たんごのせっく","words":[{"text":"たんごの節句","gloss":"Boys' Festival","reading":"たんごのせっく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.025.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.026","source":"こいのぼり","translation":"paper carp","reading":"こいのぼり","words":[{"text":"こいのぼり","gloss":"carp streamer"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.026.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.027","source":"おぼん","translation":"Bon Festival; Feast of Lanterns","reading":"おぼん","words":[{"text":"おぼん","gloss":"Obon Festival"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.027.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.028","source":"陰暦","translation":"lunar calendar","reading":"いんれき","words":[{"text":"陰暦","gloss":"lunar calendar","reading":"いんれき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.028.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.029","source":"仏事","translation":"Buddhist mass; Buddhist service","reading":"ぶつじ","words":[{"text":"仏事","gloss":"Buddhist service","reading":"ぶつじ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.029.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.030","source":"墓参り","translation":"visit to a grave","reading":"はかまいり","words":[{"text":"墓参り","gloss":"grave visit","reading":"はかまいり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.030.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ひな祭","gloss":"Doll Festival"},{"word":"ひな人形","gloss":"doll"},{"word":"かざる","gloss":"decorate; exhibit"},{"word":"たんごの節句","gloss":"Boy's Festival"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Bon dancing and fireworks · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Bon dancing and river fireworks","paragraphs":["The festival entries include *ぼんおどり*, \"Bon Dance\", and *川開き*, \"river fete\".","The fireworks entries include *花火*, \"fireworks\", *打ち上げ*, \"display\", and *呼物*, \"attraction\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.031","source":"ぼんおどり","translation":"Bon Dance","reading":"ぼんおどり","words":[{"text":"ぼんおどり","gloss":"Bon Dance"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.031.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.032","source":"数知れぬほど","translation":"innumerable; countless number of","reading":"かずしれぬほど","words":[{"text":"数知れぬほど","gloss":"countless","reading":"かずしれぬほど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.032.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.033","source":"川開き","translation":"river fete","reading":"かわびらき","words":[{"text":"川開き","gloss":"river festival","reading":"かわびらき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.033.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.034","source":"年中行事","translation":"annual events","reading":"ねんじゅうぎょうじ","words":[{"text":"年中行事","gloss":"annual events","reading":"ねんじゅうぎょうじ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.034.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.035","source":"花火","translation":"fireworks","reading":"はなび","words":[{"text":"花火","gloss":"fireworks","reading":"はなび"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.035.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.036","source":"打ち上げ","translation":"display; send up; shooting up","reading":"うちあげ","words":[{"text":"打ち上げ","gloss":"launching","reading":"うちあげ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.036.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.037","source":"呼物","translation":"attraction; highlight; special feature","reading":"よびもの","words":[{"text":"呼物","gloss":"highlight","reading":"よびもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.037.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.038","source":"老人の日","translation":"Senior Citizens' Day","reading":"ろうじんのひ","words":[{"text":"老人の日","gloss":"Senior Citizens' Day","reading":"ろうじんのひ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.038.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L147.w.039","source":"体育日","translation":"Physical Education Day","reading":"たいいくび","words":[{"text":"体育日","gloss":"Physical Education Day","reading":"たいいくび"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L147.w.039.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":8,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation and Exercise\n\n1 Topics:\n\na Talk about the following topics in Japanese with your classmates.\n\n(1) The Nine Festivals\n\n(2) The Five Annual Festivals\n\n2 Exercise:\n\na Interpretation Exercise\n\n(1) What is the most important day for the Japanese people?\n\n(1) 元日です。\n\n(2) What do they do on New Year’s Day?\n\n(2) 元日の 朝 おとそを 飲み、ぞうにを 食べます。大人は 年始に まわります。\n\n(3) What is the ”Obon Festival?”\n\n(3) 陰暦七月十三、十四、十五日の 三日間に 行なわれる仏事で、昼は 墓参りをし、夜は ぼんおどりをして、にぎわいます。\n\n(4) What is the “River Festival” on the Sumida River?\n\n(4) それは 七月下旬に 行なわれる 年中行事の一つで、花火の 打ち上げが 呼物の一つになっています。"}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ぼんおどり","gloss":"Bon Dance"},{"word":"数知れぬほど","gloss":"innumerable; countless number of"},{"word":"年中行事","gloss":"annual events"},{"word":"呼物","gloss":"attraction; highlight; special feature"},{"word":"老人の日","gloss":"Senior Citizens' Day"},{"word":"体育日","gloss":"Physical Education Day"}],"paradigms":[]}]}