{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L018","title":"Lesson 18","stage":"Sounds, kana, and the first conversations","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 18: multiplying and counting hundreds · dialogue 1 of 4, multiplication and addition with thousands · dialogue 2 of 4, adding and subtracting thousands · dialogue 3 of 4, subtracting, if and when conditions · pattern 1 1 of 2, asking about arithmetic and conditions · pattern 1 2 of 2, describing specific features · pattern 2 1 of 2, asking about specific features · pattern 2 2 of 2, numbers in hundreds and thousands · word list 1 of 3, numbers from four thousand upward · word list 2 of 3, arithmetic.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/18","lines":77},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/17","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/19","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Multiplying and counting hundreds · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"From one hundred to one thousand","paragraphs":["One speaker asks another to count from 100 to 1,000: *百から 千まで かぞえてごらんなさい*, \"Please count from 100 to 1,000.\"","The reply gives each hundred in order and ends with *千*, \"1,000\"."]},{"title":"Hundreds that change sound","paragraphs":["Hundreds and thousands follow the same multiplication pattern as tens. A number before *百* states how many hundreds.","The count in *はい、 かぞえます。 百、 二百、 三百、 四百、 五百、 六百、 七百、 八百、 九百、 千* includes three changed readings.","The readings for *三百*, *六百*, and *八百* are *SANBYAKU*, *ROPPYAKU*, and *HAPPYAKU*."]},{"title":"Kanji: 千, 百, 千","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.001","source":"百の 十倍は 何ですか。","translation":"What is 10 times 100?","reading":"ひゃくのじゅうばいはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.002","source":"百の 十倍は 千です。","translation":"10 times 100 is 1,000.","reading":"ひゃくのじゅうばいはせんです。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.003","source":"百から 千まで かぞえてごらんなさい。","translation":"Please count from 100 to 1,000.","reading":"ひゃくからせんまでかぞえてごらんなさい。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かぞえ","gloss":"please count"},{"text":"て","gloss":"please count"},{"text":"ごらん","gloss":"please count"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please count"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.004","source":"はい、 かぞえます。 百、 二百、 三百、 四百、 五百、 六百、 七百、 八百、 九百、 千。","translation":"Yes, I'll count. HYAKU (100), NIHYAKU (200), SANBYAKU (300), YONHYAKU (400), GOHYAKU (500), ROPPYAKU (600), NANAHYAKU (700), HAPPYAKU (800), KYUUHYAKU (900), SEN (1,000).","reading":"はい、かぞえます。ひゃく、にひゃく、さんびゃく、よんひゃく、ごひゃく、ろっぴゃく、ななひゃく、はっぴゃく、きゅうひゃく、せん。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"かぞえ","gloss":"count"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"百、","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"二百、","gloss":"two hundred","reading":"にひゃく"},{"text":"三百、","gloss":"three hundred","reading":"さんびゃく"},{"text":"四百、","gloss":"four hundred","reading":"よんひゃく"},{"text":"五百、","gloss":"five hundred","reading":"ごひゃく"},{"text":"六百、","gloss":"six hundred","reading":"ろっぴゃく"},{"text":"七百、","gloss":"seven hundred","reading":"ななひゃく"},{"text":"八百、","gloss":"eight hundred","reading":"はっぴゃく"},{"text":"九百、","gloss":"nine hundred","reading":"きゅうひゃく"},{"text":"千。","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.005","source":"百の百倍と 千の十倍は おなじですか。","translation":"Is 100 times 100 the same as 10 times 1,000?","reading":"ひゃくのひゃくばいとせんのじゅうばいはおなじですか。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おなじ","gloss":"the same"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.005.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"Particle TO--'if' or 'when'\n\nThe particle TO in this lesson follows the basic ending (dictionary form) of verbs and i-adjectives to express a condition for the succeeding statement, and it is translated into English as 'if' or 'when.' The statement that precedes TO in each of the examples in Pattern 1 is the condition for the statement that follows TO.\n\nWhen the particle TO follows the basic ending of i-adjectives, it always indicates a condition for the succeeding statement.\n\nAMMARI ATSUI TO IKIMASEN. \"If it's too hot, I'll not go.\"\n\nAMMARI MUZUKASHII TO NARAIMASEN. \"If it is too difficult, I won't learn.\""},{"section":2,"text":"Numerals as mathematic numbers\n\na. When numerals are used as counters, such particles as GA, WA, or O are omitted after numerals. (Refer to Grammar Note No. 4 in Lesson 10.)\n\nb. However, when numerals are used as mathematical numbers, GA, WA, or O will be used, e.g.,\n\nHYAKU KARA GOJUU TORU TO, GOJUU NOKORIMASU. \"When you take away 50 (objects) from 100 (objects), 50 (objects) will remain.\"\n\nGOHYAKU KARA SANBYAKU O HIKU TO, NIHYAKU GA NOKORIMASU. \"When you subtract 300 (numbers) from 500 (numbers), 200 (numbers) will remain.\""},{"section":3,"text":"--WA--GA--\n\nWA sets off the topic the speaker is going to talk about. It can be considered as an attention shifter. It makes the words preceding it set the stage for the sentence and serves as background for what the speaker is going to say. Therefore, when WA and GA are used in a simple sentence, WA sets off a general topic and GA gives a specific topic.\n\nExamples:\n\nKONO HANA WA IRO GA II DESU. \"As for this flower, the color is good.\"\n\nANOKATA WA ME GA WARUI DESU. \"As for him, eyes are bad.\""},{"section":4,"text":"Numerals\n\na. There are three sets of numerals up to ten.\n\n| A | B | C\n1. | ICHI | HITOTSU | HITO--\n2. | NI | FUTATSU | FUTA--\n3. | SAN | MITTSU | MI--\n4. | SHI, YON | YOTTSU | YO--\n5. | GO | ITSUTSU | ITSU--\n6. | ROKU | MUTTSU | MU--\n7. | SHICHI | NANATSU | NANA--\n8. | HACHI | YATTSU | YA--\n9. | KU, KYUU | KOKONOTSU | KOKONO--\n10. | JUU | TOO | TOO--\n\nSet A is borrowed from Chinese. Sets B and C are native. Set C is an abbreviation of Set B. Sets A & B may be used for counting. Set C is strictly adjectival and is always prefixed to certain nouns or counters.\n\nb. The pattern followed after ten is as follows:\n\n| | | \n11. | JUUICHI | 21. | NIJUUICHI\n12. | JUUNI | 22. | NIJUUNI\n13. | JUUSAN | 23. | NIJUUSAN\n14. | JUUSHI | 24. | NIJUUSHI\n15. | JUUGO | 25. | NIJUUGO\n16. | JUUROKU | 26. | NIJUUROKU\n17. | JUUSHICHI | 27. | NIJUUSHICHI\n18. | JUUHACHI | 28. | NIJUUHACHI\n19. | JUUKU | 29. | NIJUUKU\n20. | NIJUU | 30. | SANJUU\n\nThus, the number of tens indicated by the number prefixed to JUU, like YONJUU, GOJUU, ROKUJUU, etc., and the number of added units is indicated by the number suffixed to JUU, like YONJUU-ROKU, YONJUU-SHICHI, etc. Numbers exceeding one hundred also follow these patterns.\n\nc. Other numbers are:\n\n| \n0 | ZERO or REI\n100 | HYAKU\n200 | NIHYAKU\n\n| \n300 | SANBYAKU\n600 | ROPPYAKU\n800 | HAPPYAKU\n1000 | SEN\n3000 | SANZEN\n8000 | HASSEN\n10,000 | ICHIMAN or MAN\n100,000 | JUUMAN\n1,000,000 | HYAKUMAN\n10,000,000 | ISSENMAN or SENMAN\n100,000,000 | ICHIOKU\n\nd. Examples:\n\nThe above numbers are read as follows:\n\n(1) NIHYAKU-SANJUU-KYUUOKU, HASSEN-NANAHYAKU-ROKUJUU-GOMAN, YONSEN-SANBYAKU-NIJUU-ICHI.\n\n(2) NIHYAKU-JUU-KYUUOKU, HASSEN-NANAHYAKU-ROKUJUU-NIMAN, SANZEN-HYAKU-NIJUU-YON.\n\nNote that in Japanese the digits from one (1) to ten (10) are simple words. From eleven (11) to nineteen (19), they are compound words consisting of JUU (10) plus one of the other digits. The even tens like 20, 30, 40, 50, etc., are compound words consisting of one of the digits plus JUU (10). Thus, the Japanese reads 15 as 'ten-five' and 50 as 'five-ten.' That is, if the first element is larger than the second, the compound is like an addition problem (10 + 5); if the first element is smaller than the second, the compound is like a multiplication problem (5 x 10). Note also that the hundreds and thousands work like the tens, and other numerals like 4,321 and 124 consist of a phrase of several words.\n\nIt is important for the student to memorize not only the digits from one to ten but also the following simple words:\n\n| \nHYAKU | 100\nSEN | 1,000\nMAN | 10,000\nOKU | 100,000,000\n\nIt is also important to note that the words HYAKU (100) and SEN (1,000) undergo changes in the pronunciation in certain compounds:\n\n| \n300 | SANBYAKU\n600 | ROPPYAKU\n800 | HAPPYAKU\n1,000 | ISSEN (or SEN)\n3,000 | SANZEN\n8,000 | HASSEN"},{"section":5,"text":"II and YOI\n\nThe word YOI is an i-adjective and it inflects just like any other i-adjectives. However, the form II is more colloquial than the form YOI when used attributively and as a predicate adjective, e.g.,\n\nKONO KABIN WA II DESU (used as a predicate adjective) \"This flower vase is good.\"\n\nKORE WA II KABIN DESU. (used attributively) \"This is a good flower vase.\"\n\nKONO HANA WA YOKU WA ARIMASEN. \"This flower is not good.\""}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"百","gloss":"100"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"千","gloss":"1,000"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"二百、","gloss":"200"},{"word":"三百、","gloss":"300"},{"word":"四百、","gloss":"400"},{"word":"五百、","gloss":"500"},{"word":"六百、","gloss":"600"},{"word":"七百、","gloss":"700"},{"word":"八百、","gloss":"800"},{"word":"九百、","gloss":"900"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"おなじ","gloss":"the same (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Multiplication and addition with thousands · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Larger products","paragraphs":["The speakers compare products through one million. *一万の 十倍は 十万ですか* means \"Is 10 times 10,000, 100,000?\"","The reply confirms the result and states that 100 times 10,000 is 1,000,000."]},{"title":"A condition and its result","paragraphs":["In *千に 二千を たすと、 いくつに なりますか*, the particles mark 1,000 and 2,000 as numbers in an addition problem.","The *と* after *たす* connects the addition to its result. The answer is *三千に なります*, \"It will become 3,000.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 万","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.006","source":"はい、 おなじです。 どちらも 一万です。","translation":"Yes, they are the same. Both of them are 10,000.","reading":"はい、おなじです。どちらもいちまんです。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"おなじ","gloss":"the same"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"},{"text":"どちら","gloss":"both"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"一","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"いち"},{"text":"万","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"まん"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.006.m4a"},{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.007","source":"一万の 十倍は 十万ですか。","translation":"Is 10 times 10,000, 100,000?","reading":"いちまんのじゅうばいはじゅうまんですか。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"いち"},{"text":"万","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"まん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"十","gloss":"one hundred thousand","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"万","gloss":"one hundred thousand","reading":"まん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.008","source":"はい、 そうです。 そして、 一万の百倍は 百万です。","translation":"Yes, that's right. And 100 times 10,000 is 1,000,000.","reading":"はい、そうです。そして、いちまんのひゃくばいはひゃくまんです。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"一","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"いち"},{"text":"万","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"まん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"倍","gloss":"times","reading":"ばい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"百","gloss":"one million","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"万","gloss":"one million","reading":"まん"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.009","source":"千に 二千を たすと、 いくつに なりますか。","translation":"When you add 2,000 to 1,000, how much will it become?","reading":"せんににせんをたすと、いくつになりますか。","words":[{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"二千","gloss":"two thousand","reading":"にせん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.010","source":"三千に なります。","translation":"It will become 3,000.","reading":"さんぜんになります。","words":[{"text":"三千","gloss":"three thousand","reading":"さんぜん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.010.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どちら","gloss":"which of two (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"二千","gloss":"2,000"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"たす","gloss":"to add (v.t.)"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"三千","gloss":"3,000"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Adding and subtracting thousands · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"From arithmetic to flowers","paragraphs":["One speaker asks about adding and subtracting thousands. *七千から 六千を ひくと、 いくつ のこりますか* asks what remains after subtracting 6,000 from 7,000.","The scene then turns to ten flowers and asks whether one flower smells good."]},{"title":"Two forms for good","paragraphs":["The question *このはなは においが いいですか* uses *いい* as the predicate meaning \"good\".","*よい* is an I-adjective and changes like other I-adjectives. *いい* has the same meaning and is more colloquial."]}],"lines":[{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.011","source":"四千に 五千を たすと、 いくつに なりますか。","translation":"When you add 5,000 to 4,000, how much will it become?","reading":"よんせんにごせんをたすと、いくつになりますか。","words":[{"text":"四千","gloss":"four thousand","reading":"よんせん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"五千","gloss":"five thousand","reading":"ごせん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.012","source":"九千に なります。","translation":"It will become 9,000.","reading":"きゅうせんになります。","words":[{"text":"九千","gloss":"nine thousand","reading":"きゅうせん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.012.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.013","source":"では、 七千から 六千を ひくと、 いくつ のこりますか。","translation":"Then, when you subtract 6,000 from 7,000, what remains?","reading":"では、しちせんからろくせんをひくと、いくつのこりますか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"七千","gloss":"seven thousand","reading":"しちせん"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"六千","gloss":"six thousand","reading":"ろくせん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひく","gloss":"subtract"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"の","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"こり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.014","source":"千 のこります。","translation":"1,000 remains.","reading":"せんのこります。","words":[{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"こり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.015","source":"ここに はなが 十 ありますね。 このはなは においが いいですか。","translation":"There are 10 flowers here, aren't there? As for this flower, is the smell good?","reading":"ここにはながじゅうありますね。このはなはにおいがいいですか。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flowers"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"四千","gloss":"4,000"},{"word":"五千","gloss":"5,000"},{"word":"九千","gloss":"9,000"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"七千","gloss":"7,000"},{"word":"六千","gloss":"6,000"},{"word":"ひく","gloss":"to subtract (v.t.)"},{"word":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"word":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"におい","gloss":"smell, scent"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Subtracting, smelling and mixing colours · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A smell that is not good","paragraphs":["The answer *いいえ、 においは よくは ありません* means \"No, the smell is not good.\"","The colloquial *いい* changes to *よく* in this negative form. The next sentence describes the smell as *わるい*, \"bad\"."]},{"title":"Actions and results","paragraphs":["The speakers ask what remains after two flowers are taken from ten, then what color results from mixing red and yellow.","In *この 十のはなから 二つの はなを とると、 いくつ のこりますか*, *と* connects taking the flowers to the number remaining.","The two results are eight flowers and *ももいろ*, \"a pink color\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.016","source":"いいえ、 においは よくは ありません。 においが わるいです。","translation":"No, the smell is not good. The smell is bad.","reading":"いいえ、においはよくはありません。においがわるいです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"good"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.017","source":"この 十のはなから 二つの はなを とると、 いくつ のこりますか。","translation":"When you take 2 flowers from these 10 flowers, how many flowers will remain?","reading":"このじゅうのはなからふたつのはなをとると、いくつのこりますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flowers"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"ふた"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"two"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flowers"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"とる","gloss":"take"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"の","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"こり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.018","source":"八つのこります。","translation":"8 remain.","reading":"やっつのこります。","words":[{"text":"八","gloss":"eight","reading":"やっ"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"eight"},{"text":"の","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"こり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.018.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.019","source":"あかい いろに きいろい いろを まぜると、 どんな いろに なりますか。","translation":"When you mix a yellow color to a red color, what sort of color will it become?","reading":"あかいいろにきいろいいろをまぜると、どんないろになりますか。","words":[{"text":"あかい","gloss":"red"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"きいろい","gloss":"yellow"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"まぜる","gloss":"mix"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L018.dlg.020","source":"ももいろに なります。","translation":"It will become a pink color.","reading":"ももいろになります。","words":[{"text":"ももいろ","gloss":"pink"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.dlg.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"とる","gloss":"to take (v.t.)"},{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"あかい","gloss":"red"},{"word":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"word":"きいろい","gloss":"yellow"},{"word":"まぜる","gloss":"to mix (v.t.)"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"ももいろ","gloss":"pink"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"If and when conditions · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A condition followed by its result","paragraphs":["*五に 五を たすと、 十に なります* means \"When you add 5 to 5, it will become 10.\"","The dictionary form is the basic verb ending, such as *たす* before *と* in this line.","The particle *と* after the dictionary form makes the first statement a condition for the statement that follows. It means \"if\" or \"when\".","After an I-adjective, *と* always states a condition. *あんまり さむいと、 行きません* means \"If it is too cold, I will not go.\""]},{"title":"Particles on mathematical numbers","paragraphs":["*十から 三を ひくと、 七が のこります* means \"When you subtract 3 from 10, 7 remains.\"","A number that counts things has no *が*, *は*, or *を* after it. A number used in arithmetic takes these particles.","Here *三* takes *を* as the number subtracted, and *七* takes *が* as the number remaining."]}],"lines":[{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.m1","source":"五に 五を たすと、 十に なります。","translation":"When you add 5 to 5, it will become 10.","reading":"ごにごをたすと、じゅうになります。","words":[{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.01","source":"三に 六を たすと、 九に なります。","translation":"When you add 6 to 3, it will become 9.","reading":"さんにろくをたすと、きゅうになります。","words":[{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"九","gloss":"nine","reading":"きゅう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.02","source":"十から 三を ひくと、 七が のこります。","translation":"When you subtract 3 from 10, 7 remains.","reading":"じゅうからさんをひくと、しちがのこります。","words":[{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひく","gloss":"subtract"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven","reading":"しち"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"のこり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.03","source":"もう 少し 長いと、 いいです。","translation":"It would be good if it were a little longer.","reading":"もうすこしながいと、いいです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"more"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"長い","gloss":"longer","reading":"ながい"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.04","source":"あまり むずかしいと、 せいとは ならいません。","translation":"If it is too difficult, students won't learn it.","reading":"あまりむずかしいと、せいとはならいません。","words":[{"text":"あまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"students"},{"text":"と","gloss":"students"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ならい","gloss":"learn"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.05","source":"あんまり さむいと、 行きません。","translation":"If it is too cold, I won't go.","reading":"あんまりさむいと、いきません。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"さむい","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.06","source":"せんせいが ゆっくり (slowly) はなすと、 よく わかります。","translation":"When the teacher speaks slowly, I understand well.","reading":"せんせいがゆっくり(slowly)はなすと、よくわかります。","words":[{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ゆっくり","gloss":"slowly"},{"text":"(slowly)","gloss":"slowly"},{"text":"は","gloss":"speak"},{"text":"なす","gloss":"speak"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"九","gloss":"nine"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"},{"word":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"word":"ゆっくり","gloss":"slowly; deliberately; leisurely"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about arithmetic and conditions · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"What remains after subtraction","paragraphs":["The questions place a condition before *と* and ask for its result. *千から 五百を ひくと、 何が のこりますか* asks what remains after subtracting 500 from 1,000.","The answer replaces *何* with the result: *五百が のこります*, \"500 will remain.\"","A question about heat uses the same condition pattern. The answer states that the speaker would not go if it were too hot."]}],"lines":[{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.07","source":"百に 二百を たすと、 いくつに なりますか。","translation":"When you add 200 to 100, how much will it become?","reading":"ひゃくににひゃくをたすと、いくつになりますか。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"二百","gloss":"two hundred","reading":"にひゃく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.08","source":"三百に なります。","translation":"It will become 300.","reading":"さんびゃくになります。","words":[{"text":"三百","gloss":"three hundred","reading":"さんびゃく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.09","source":"千から 五百を ひくと、 何が のこりますか。","translation":"When you subtract 500 from 1,000, what will remain?","reading":"せんからごひゃくをひくと、なにがのこりますか。","words":[{"text":"千","gloss":"one thousand","reading":"せん"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"五百","gloss":"five hundred","reading":"ごひゃく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひく","gloss":"subtract"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"のこり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.10","source":"五百が のこります。","translation":"500 will remain.","reading":"ごひゃくがのこります。","words":[{"text":"五百","gloss":"five hundred","reading":"ごひゃく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"のこり","gloss":"remain"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.11","source":"あんまり あついと、 あなたは 行きませんか。","translation":"Would you go if it were too hot?","reading":"あんまりあついと、あなたはいきませんか。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"あつい","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt1.12","source":"はい、 あんまり あついと、 私は 行きません。","translation":"No, I wouldn't go if it were too hot.","reading":"はい、あんまりあついと、わたくしはいきません。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"あつい","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt1.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"二百","gloss":"200"},{"word":"三百","gloss":"300"},{"word":"五百","gloss":"500"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Describing specific features · Pattern 2 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A flower and its smell","paragraphs":["Word by word, *このはなは においが いいです* is \"this flower, as for, smell, good, is\": \"As for this flower, the smell is good.\"","The sentence first presents the flower, then describes its smell."]},{"title":"A general topic and a specific feature","paragraphs":["When *は* and *が* occur in one simple sentence, *は* marks the general topic and *が* marks the specific topic.","In *あの人は あしが ながいです*, *あの人* is the general topic and *あし* is the specific feature described as long.","The same pattern describes eyes, teeth, and ears."]}],"lines":[{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.m1","source":"このはなは においが いいです。","translation":"As for this flower, the smell is good.","reading":"このはなはにおいがいいです。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"はな","gloss":"flower"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.01","source":"このかびんは いろが いいです。","translation":"As for this flower vase, the color is good.","reading":"このかびんはいろがいいです。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"かびん","gloss":"flower vase"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.02","source":"あの人は あしが ながいです。","translation":"As for him, legs are long.","reading":"あのひとはあしがながいです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あし","gloss":"legs"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ながい","gloss":"long"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.03","source":"私は 目が 小さいです。","translation":"As for me, eyes are small.","reading":"わたくしはめがちいさいです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"目","gloss":"eyes","reading":"め"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"小さい","gloss":"small","reading":"ちいさい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.04","source":"あのかたは はが わるいです。","translation":"As for him, teeth are bad.","reading":"あのかたははがわるいです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"かたは","gloss":"person, topic"},{"text":"は","gloss":"teeth"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.05","source":"あのせんせいは 耳が 大きいです。","translation":"As for that teacher, ears are big.","reading":"あのせんせいはみみがおおきいです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"耳","gloss":"ears","reading":"みみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"大きい","gloss":"big","reading":"おおきい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かびん","gloss":"flower vase"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about specific features · Pattern 2 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A feature and its quality","paragraphs":["The *は…が* pattern presents a thing and asks about one feature. *このさかなは においが いいですか* means \"Does this fish smell good?\"","The answer keeps the fish as the topic and describes its smell as *わるい*, \"bad\".","Other exchanges describe the color of a peach and the size of a teacher's ears."]}],"lines":[{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.06","source":"このさかなは においが いいですか。","translation":"Does this fish smell good?","reading":"このさかなはにおいがいいですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.07","source":"いいえ、 そのさかなは においが わるいです。","translation":"No, that fish smells bad.","reading":"いいえ、そのさかなはにおいがわるいです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"におい","gloss":"smell"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.08","source":"このももは いろが いいですね。","translation":"This peach has good color, hasn't it?","reading":"このももはいろがいいですね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"もも","gloss":"peach"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.09","source":"ええ、 そのももは いろが いいです。","translation":"Yes, that peach has good color.","reading":"ええ、そのももはいろがいいです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"もも","gloss":"peach"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.10","source":"あの せんせいは 耳が 大きいですね。","translation":"That teacher has big ears, hasn't he?","reading":"あのせんせいはみみがおおきいですね。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"せんせい","gloss":"teacher"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"耳","gloss":"ears","reading":"みみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"大きい","gloss":"big","reading":"おおきい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L018.pt2.11","source":"ええ、 耳が かなり 大きいです。","translation":"Yes, he has fairly large ears.","reading":"ええ、みみがかなりおおきいです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"耳","gloss":"ears","reading":"みみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"},{"text":"大きい","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.pt2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"もも","gloss":"peach"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Numbers in hundreds and thousands · Word list 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Hundreds and thousands","paragraphs":["These words run from *二百*, \"200\", through *三千*, \"3,000\".","Within the hundreds, *六百* has the changed reading *ROPPYAKU*."]}],"lines":[{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.001","source":"二百","translation":"200","reading":"にひゃく","words":[{"text":"二百","gloss":"200","reading":"にひゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.001.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.002","source":"三百","translation":"300","reading":"さんびゃく","words":[{"text":"三百","gloss":"300","reading":"さんびゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.002.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.003","source":"四百","translation":"400","reading":"よんひゃく","words":[{"text":"四百","gloss":"400","reading":"よんひゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.003.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.004","source":"五百","translation":"500","reading":"ごひゃく","words":[{"text":"五百","gloss":"500","reading":"ごひゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.004.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.005","source":"六百","translation":"600","reading":"ろっぴゃく","words":[{"text":"六百","gloss":"600","reading":"ろっぴゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.005.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.006","source":"七百","translation":"700","reading":"ななひゃく","words":[{"text":"七百","gloss":"700","reading":"ななひゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.006.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.007","source":"八百","translation":"800","reading":"はっぴゃく","words":[{"text":"八百","gloss":"800","reading":"はっぴゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.007.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.008","source":"九百","translation":"900","reading":"きゅうひゃく","words":[{"text":"九百","gloss":"900","reading":"きゅうひゃく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.008.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.009","source":"千","translation":"1,000","reading":"せん","words":[{"text":"千","gloss":"1,000","reading":"せん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.009.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.010","source":"二千","translation":"2,000","reading":"にせん","words":[{"text":"二千","gloss":"2,000","reading":"にせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.010.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.011","source":"三千","translation":"3,000","reading":"さんぜん","words":[{"text":"三千","gloss":"3,000","reading":"さんぜん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"四百","gloss":"400"},{"word":"六百","gloss":"600"},{"word":"七百","gloss":"700"},{"word":"八百","gloss":"800"},{"word":"九百","gloss":"900"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Numbers from four thousand upward · Word list 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"From thousands to one hundred million","paragraphs":["The numbers extend from *四千*, \"4,000\", to *一おく*, \"100,000,000\".","The final entry *たす* means \"to add\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.012","source":"四千","translation":"4,000","reading":"よんせん","words":[{"text":"四千","gloss":"4,000","reading":"よんせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.012.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.013","source":"五千","translation":"5,000","reading":"ごせん","words":[{"text":"五千","gloss":"5,000","reading":"ごせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.013.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.014","source":"六千","translation":"6,000","reading":"ろくせん","words":[{"text":"六千","gloss":"6,000","reading":"ろくせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.014.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.015","source":"七千","translation":"7,000","reading":"しちせん","words":[{"text":"七千","gloss":"7,000","reading":"しちせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.015.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.016","source":"八千","translation":"8,000","reading":"はっせん","words":[{"text":"八千","gloss":"8,000","reading":"はっせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.016.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.017","source":"九千","translation":"9,000","reading":"きゅうせん","words":[{"text":"九千","gloss":"9,000","reading":"きゅうせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.017.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.018","source":"一万","translation":"10,000","reading":"いちまん","words":[{"text":"一万","gloss":"10,000","reading":"いちまん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.018.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.019","source":"十万","translation":"100,000","reading":"じゅうまん","words":[{"text":"十万","gloss":"100,000","reading":"じゅうまん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.019.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.020","source":"百万","translation":"1,000,000","reading":"ひゃくまん","words":[{"text":"百万","gloss":"1,000,000","reading":"ひゃくまん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.020.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.021","source":"一おく","translation":"100,000,000","reading":"いちおく","words":[{"text":"一おく","gloss":"100,000,000","reading":"いちおく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.021.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.022","source":"たす","translation":"to add (v.t.)","reading":"たす","words":[{"text":"たす","gloss":"add"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"八千","gloss":"8,000"},{"word":"一万","gloss":"10,000"},{"word":"十万","gloss":"100,000"},{"word":"百万","gloss":"1,000,000"},{"word":"一おく","gloss":"100,000,000"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Arithmetic, condition and quality words · Word list 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Actions, conditions, and qualities","paragraphs":["These words cover arithmetic actions, remaining, counting, conditions, qualities, and pace.","*ひく* means \"to subtract\". *いい* and *よい* both mean \"good\", with *いい* as the more colloquial form."]}],"lines":[{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.023","source":"ひく","translation":"to subtract (v.t.)","reading":"ひく","words":[{"text":"ひく","gloss":"subtract"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.023.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.024","source":"とる","translation":"to take (v.t.)","reading":"とる","words":[{"text":"とる","gloss":"take"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.024.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.025","source":"まぜる","translation":"to mix (v.t.)","reading":"まぜる","words":[{"text":"まぜる","gloss":"mix"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.025.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.026","source":"のこります","translation":"polite form of NOKORU (v.i.) to remain","reading":"のこります","words":[{"text":"のこります","gloss":"remain"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.026.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.027","source":"かぞえます","translation":"polite form of KAZOERU (v.t.) to count","reading":"かぞえます","words":[{"text":"かぞえます","gloss":"count"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.027.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.028","source":"いい","translation":"good (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"いい","words":[{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.028.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.029","source":"わるい","translation":"bad","reading":"わるい","words":[{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.029.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.030","source":"よい","translation":"good (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"よい","words":[{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.030.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.031","source":"と","translation":"if, when, whenever (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"と","words":[{"text":"と","gloss":"when"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.031.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L018.w.032","source":"ゆっくり","translation":"slowly; deliberately; leisurely","reading":"ゆっくり","words":[{"text":"ゆっくり","gloss":"slowly"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L018.w.032.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":6,"text":"Homework Assignment\n\n1. Listen to the tape and practice pronunciation.\n\n2. Memorize the Dialogue.\n\n3. Read the Grammar Notes.\n\n4. Practice reading and writing of KANJI."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"のこります","gloss":"polite form of NOKORU (v.i.) to remain"},{"word":"かぞえます","gloss":"polite form of KAZOERU (v.t.) to count"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]}]}