{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L034","title":"Lesson 34","stage":"Sounds, kana, and the first conversations","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 34: serious illness and hospitalization · dialogue 1 of 3, contagion, comparing healthcare costs · dialogue 3 of 3, even people and circumstances · perception drill, grammar perception drill, conditions with bad results · perception drill, expressing abilities and limits · perception drill, conditions and consequences · perception drill, even unexpected people · pattern 1 1 of 2, even times and seasons · pattern 1 2 of 2, pattern 2, asking about practical ability · pattern 2 2 of 2, conditions preventing action · pattern 3 1 of 3, health despite adverse conditions · pattern 3 2 of 3, states causing difficulties · pattern 3 3 of 3, saying what people can do · pattern 4 1 of 2, asking what people can do · pattern 4 2 of 2, if and when outcomes · pattern 5 1 of 4, medical conditions and advice · pattern 5 2 of 4, forming conditions from statements · pattern 5 3 of 4, causes and likely results · pattern 5 4 of 4, illness and hospital care · questions 1 of 4, a patient's recovery · questions 2 of 4, contagious disease questions · questions 3 of 4, hospital recovery questions · questions 4 of 4, hospital and illness words · word list 1 of 4, health and activity words · word list 2 of 4, symptoms and recovery words · word list 3 of 4, medical conditions and connectors · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/34","lines":224},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/33","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/35","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Serious illness and hospitalization · Dialogue 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"An energetic man becomes ill","paragraphs":["*ええ、 いつも 元気な 上田さんでも 病気を するのですね* means \"Yes, even Mr. Uyeda, who is always energetic, does get sick.\"","The speakers discuss how serious his illness is and why he entered a hospital."]},{"title":"What illness prevents","paragraphs":["*歩けない人や 動けない人* means \"people who cannot walk or move.\" These forms state what seriously ill people cannot do.","In *上田さんでも*, *でも* includes Mr. Uyeda despite his usual good health."]},{"title":"Kanji: 病, 院, 当(當), 重","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 動, 入","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.001","source":"上田さんは 病気だそうですね。","translation":"I hear Mr. Uyeda is ill, isn't that right?","reading":"うえださんはびょうきだそうですね。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Ueda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.002","source":"ええ、 いつも 元気な 上田さんでも 病気を するのですね。","translation":"Yes, even Mr. Uyeda, who is always energetic, does get sick.","reading":"ええ、いつもげんきなうえださんでもびょうきをするのですね。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"energetic","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"な","gloss":"energetic"},{"text":"上田","gloss":"Ueda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"する","gloss":"get sick"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.003","source":"上田さんの 病気は 重いのですか。","translation":"Is Mr. Uyeda's illness serious?","reading":"うえださんのびょうきはおもいのですか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Ueda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.004","source":"そうでしょう。 家では 手当が 出来ないから、 入院している そうです。","translation":"I suppose so. I hear he is hospitalized because he could not be cared for at home.","reading":"そうでしょう。いえではてあてができないから、にゅういんしているそうです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"手当","gloss":"medical care","reading":"てあて"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can provide","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"cannot"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.005","source":"そうですか。 入院する人の中には、 歩けない人や 動けない人など、 重い 病気の人が 多いですね。","translation":"I see. Among those who enter a hospital, there are many seriously ill persons like those that cannot work or move, aren't there?","reading":"そうですか。にゅういんするひとのなかには、あるけないひとやうごけないひとなど、おもいびょうきのひとがおおいですね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"enter"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"中","gloss":"among","reading":"なか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"歩け","gloss":"can walk","reading":"あるけ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"cannot"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"動け","gloss":"can move","reading":"うごけ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"cannot"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"など、","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.006","source":"ええ、 でも ちょっと かぜを ひいて、 ねつが あったり、 あたまや のどが いたかったり、 せきが 出たり する人は、 ふつう 入院しません。","translation":"Yes, but those who have caught a little cold and have a fever or have a headache and sore throat or have a cough don't enter a hospital ordinarily.","reading":"ええ、でもちょっとかぜをひいて、ねつがあったり、あたまやのどがいたかったり、せきがでたりするひとは、ふつうにゅういんしません。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"で","gloss":"but"},{"text":"も","gloss":"but"},{"text":"ちょっと","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひい","gloss":"catch"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"catch"},{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あっ","gloss":"have"},{"text":"たり、","gloss":"or"},{"text":"あたま","gloss":"head"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたかっ","gloss":"sore"},{"text":"たり、","gloss":"or"},{"text":"せき","gloss":"cough"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出","gloss":"have","reading":"で"},{"text":"たり","gloss":"or"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ふつう","gloss":"usually"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"DEWA and DEMO\n\nDEWA used after a substantive means 'if' and 'if it is' or 'judging from'.\n\nExamples:\n\nBYOOKI DEWA IKU KOTO GA DEKIMASEN. \"If he is sick, he cannot go.\"\n\nKONO TENKI DEWA KONBAN WA AME GA FURU DESHOO. \"Judging from this weather, it probably will rain.\"\n\nDEWA used as a conjunction means 'and,' 'well then,' or 'if that is the case.'\n\nExamples:\n\nDEWA MATA ASHITA KIMASU. \"Well then, I'll come again tomorrow.\"\n\nDEWA WATAKUSHI WA IKIMASEN. \"If that's the case, I don't go.\"\n\nWhen DEWA follows place nouns like NIPPON, AMERIKA, GAKKOO, etc., in most cases DEWA expresses a place of action and is translated as 'in.'\n\nGAKKOO DEWA NIPPONGO O HANASHIMASU. \"I speak Japanese in school.\"\n\nDEMO is a concessive and usually translated 'even if it is.' The relationship between DEWA and DEMO in question and answer is exactly the same as conditional--REBA and concessive TEMO.\n\nExamples:\n\nTANAKA SAN DEMO II DESU KA. \"Will it be all right, even if it is Mr. Tanaka?\"\n\nKONO KANJI WA SENSEI DEMO YOMEMASEN. \"Even a teacher cannot read this KANJI.\"\n\nThe words DARE DEMO and NAN DEMO, etc., should be treated in their idiomatic meaning. (See Lesson 30)\n\nWATAKUSHI WA KONO HON O YOMU KOTO WA DEKIMASEN."},{"section":2,"text":"TE form of verbs plus WA\n\nTE form of I-adjectives plus WA\n\nWhen a particle WA is added to the TE form of verbs and I-adjectives, it gives a conditional meaning.\n\nExamples:\n\nYORU YASUMU MAE NI TAKUSAN TABETE WA KARADA NI WARUI DESU. \"If you eat a lot before you go to bed at night, it is bad for your health.\"\n\nSONNA NI TAKAKUTE WA DARE MO KAIMASEN. \"If it is that expensive, no one will buy it.\"\n\nWhen a conditional sentence is formed this way, the idea expressed is usually of negative nature. In another word, the verb or the adjective in the independent clause is negative or in a word of adverse meaning such as WARUI.\n\nWATAKUSHI WA KONO HON GA (WA) YOMEMASEN."},{"section":3,"text":"Potential verbs\n\nAll regular verbs can be changed into potential semi-regular verbs. The simplest way of conversion is to replace the BA in the conditional form of regular verbs with RU.\n\nDictionary Form | Conditional Form | Potential Form\nNARAU learn | NARAEBA if I learn | NARAERU can learn\n\nTechnically, any regular verb may be so converted. However, there are some exceptions:\n\nVerbs that indicate an action over which man has no control have no potential form in Japanese. For example, the verb FURU, 'to rain' or 'snow'; NAORU, 'to get well'; UTSURU, 'to spread'; etc., belong in this category.\n\nAgain, if the subject of the verb has no ability to perform an action, or the verb itself is not an action verb, e.g., KOMARU, the potential form is impossible, though there are a few exceptions, such as OOKIKU NARERU.\n\nWAKARU, 'to understand,' is a potential verb and doesn't have a potential form.\n\nPotential verbs constructed in the manner prescribed above are all intransitive. Therefore, the usual object of a verb becomes the subject and takes the particle\n\nGA or WA instead of O. A normal subject of a verb may take WA and become a notional subject or may take NI or NIWA and becomes an agent for performing the action. Compare the following sentences:"},{"section":4,"text":"WATAKUSHI NIWA KONO HON WA YOMEMASEN.\n\nThe literal translation for Example 2 above may be \"As for me, this book is not readable,\" and for 3 \"To me this book is not readable.\" However, both these expressions as well as 1 are usually translated \"I cannot read this book.\"\n\nSome sentences may be translated in the passive voice.\n\nMAINICHI KANJI WA TOO GURAI NARAEMASU. \"About ten kanji can be learned every day.\"\n\nor \"I can learn about ten kanji every day.\"\n\nThe following verbs do not belong to this category or potential verbs, but they merit attention.\n\nDEKIRU can be done\n\nMIERU to be visible, can see\n\nKIKOERU to be audible, can hear"},{"section":5,"text":"The conditional TARA (DARA)\n\nThe conditional is formed by adding RA to the non-polite past tense form verbs and I-adjectives. There are two common usages of this conditional form.\n\nIn one usage the expression is of pure supposition and establishes a condition precedent. This condition may be contrary to fact.\n\nExamples:\n\nAME GA FUTTARA IKIMASEN. \"If it should rain, I won't go.\"\n\nKYOOTO E ITTARA, TANAKA-SAN NI AIMASU. \"If I go to Kyoto, I'll see Mr. Tanaka.\"\n\nKYOOTO E ITTARA, TANAKA-SAN NI ATTA N DESU GA. \"If I had gone to Kyoto, I would have seen Mr. Tanaka.\"\n\nYASUKATTARA KAIMASU. \"If it is cheap, I'll buy it.\"\n\nIn the above cases, the conditional or subjunctive mood is expressed and the translation is rendered using 'if.'\n\nThis TARA (DARA) form may be used for statements of actual occurrence. In this case the translation is usually 'when.'\n\nANO HITO NO UCHI E ITTARA DARE MO IMASEN DESHITA. \"When I went to his home, no one was there.\"\n\nKYOOTO E ITTARA, TANAKA-SAN NI AIMASHITA. \"When I went to Kyoto, I saw Mr. Tanaka.\""}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"手当","gloss":"medical treatment"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"など、","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"ちょっと","gloss":"a little"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"word":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"word":"あたま","gloss":"head"},{"word":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"word":"せき","gloss":"seat"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contagion, sanitation and treatment · Dialogue 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Why patients enter a hospital","paragraphs":["*病人が 家に 居ては、 家ぞくの 者に うつりますから* means \"because if the patient stays at home, the family members will be infected.\"","The speakers connect hospital care with preventing infection."]},{"title":"If illness begins","paragraphs":["*もし 病気に なったら、 早く 医者に かかるか、 又は くすりを 買って のむか しなければなりません* gives two responses to illness.","The condition *病気に なったら* means \"if you should get sick.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 事","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 者, 医(醫), 切","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.007","source":"でんせん 病に かかった 時には、 どうしますか。","translation":"What do people do if they contract a contagious disease?","reading":"でんせんびょうにかかったときには、どうしますか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.008","source":"病人は 大抵 入院します。 病人が 家に 居ては、 家ぞくの 者に うつりますから。","translation":"The patient usually enters a hospital, because if the patient stays at home, the family members will be infected.","reading":"びょうにんはたいていにゅういんします。びょうにんがいえにいては、かぞくのものにうつりますから。","words":[{"text":"病人","gloss":"patient","reading":"びょうにん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"病人","gloss":"patient","reading":"びょうにん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"居","gloss":"stay","reading":"い"},{"text":"て","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"家ぞく","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"者","gloss":"members","reading":"もの"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"うつり","gloss":"infect"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.009","source":"この頃では、 でんせん 病に かかる人は すくないでしょう。","translation":"The people who contract contagious diseases are few these days, isn't that right?","reading":"このごろでは、でんせんびょうにかかるひとはすくないでしょう。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"days","reading":"ごろ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すくない","gloss":"few"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.010","source":"ええ、 えいせいが よくなって 来ましたから。","translation":"Yes, because sanitation has improved.","reading":"ええ、えいせいがよくなってきましたから。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"became"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.011","source":"てきとうに、 うん動する 事は けんこうには 大切でしょう。","translation":"Isn't it important for the health to do exercises properly?","reading":"てきとうに、うんどうすることはけんこうにはたいせつでしょう。","words":[{"text":"てきとう","gloss":"proper"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"properly"},{"text":"うん","gloss":"exercise"},{"text":"動","gloss":"exercise","reading":"どう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"exercise"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"けんこう","gloss":"health"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.012","source":"ええ、 大切です。 そして、 もし 病気に なったら、 早く 医者に かかるか、 又は くすりを 買って のむか しなければなりません。 そうすれば、 早く なおります。","translation":"That's right. And if you should get sick, you must either consult a doctor quickly or buy medicines and take them. If you do that, you get well fast.","reading":"ええ、たいせつです。そして、もしびょうきになったら、はやくいしゃにかかるか、またはくすりをかってのむかしなければなりません。そうすれば、はやくなおります。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"もし","gloss":"if"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"quickly","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"consult"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"or"},{"text":"又","gloss":"or","reading":"また"},{"text":"は","gloss":"or"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買っ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"のむ","gloss":"take"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"すれ","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"quickly","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"recover"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"は、","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"病人","gloss":"sick person, patient"},{"word":"家ぞく","gloss":"family"},{"word":"者","gloss":"person"},{"word":"から。","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"頃","gloss":"approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"かかる","gloss":"to consult, to contract, to be attacked by"},{"word":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation, health"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"けんこう","gloss":"health"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"もし","gloss":"if"},{"word":"医者","gloss":"medical doctor"},{"word":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"word":"のむ","gloss":"to drink, to take"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Comparing healthcare costs · Dialogue 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Costs in two countries","paragraphs":["*米国では、 医者や 病院の ひようが 高いですが、 日本では どうですか* asks how medical expenses in Japan compare with those in America.","*病気では 何も 出来ません* means \"If you are sick, you can't do anything.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 高","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.013","source":"米国では、 医者や 病院の ひようが 高いですが、 日本では どうですか。","translation":"In America, doctor and hospital expenses are high, but how are they in Japan?","reading":"べいこくでは、いしゃやびょういんのひようがたかいですが、にほんではどうですか。","words":[{"text":"米国","gloss":"America","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"病院","gloss":"hospital","reading":"びょういん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ひ","gloss":"expenses"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"expenses"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"high","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.014","source":"日本では そんな ひようは 米国ほど 高くは ありません。","translation":"In Japan, such expenses are not so high as in America.","reading":"にほんではそんなひようはべいこくほどたかくはありません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such"},{"text":"ひ","gloss":"expenses"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"expenses"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"米国","gloss":"America","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"as much as"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"high","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.015","source":"病気には なりたくないですね。","translation":"We surely don't want to get sick, do we?","reading":"びょうきにはなりたくないですね。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"たく","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L034.dlg.016","source":"そうですよ。 病気では 何も 出来ませんから、 家ぞくの 者も こまりますよ。","translation":"That's right. If you are sick, you can't do anything, so the family members will be troubled, too.","reading":"そうですよ。びょうきではなにもできませんから、かぞくのものもこまりますよ。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"not even"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"家ぞく","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"者","gloss":"members","reading":"もの"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"こまり","gloss":"be troubled"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.dlg.016.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"病院","gloss":"hospital"},{"word":"ほど","gloss":"to the extent (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Even people and circumstances · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"Even an unexpected person","paragraphs":["*上田さんでも 病気を します* means \"Even Mr. Ueda gets sick.\" After a noun, *でも* includes a surprising person or circumstance.","*ある 生徒は 病気でも 学校に 来ます* means \"Some students come to school even when they are sick.\""]},{"title":"Even when ability is limited","paragraphs":["*ある かん字は 先生でも 読む 事が 出来ません* means \"There are some kanji that even teachers cannot read.\"","The expected ability of a teacher makes *先生でも* contrast with the negative result."]}],"lines":[{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.01","source":"上田さんでも 病気を します。","translation":"Even Mr. Ueda gets sick.","reading":"うえださんでもびょうきをします。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Ueda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"get sick"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.02","source":"ある人は 雨でも ゴルフを やります。","translation":"Some people play golf even when it rains.","reading":"あるひとはあめでもゴルフをやります。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やり","gloss":"play"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.03","source":"スミスぐんそうでも 日本語が 出来ます。","translation":"Even Sergeant Smith can speak Japanese.","reading":"スミスぐんそうでもにほんごができます。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"sergeant"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can speak","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.04","source":"子供でも ひらがなを 習う 事が 出来ます。","translation":"Even children can learn hiragana.","reading":"こどもでもひらがなをならうことができます。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"ひらがな","gloss":"hiragana"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.05","source":"米国では お金がない 人でも 自動車を もっています。","translation":"In the United States, even people without money own cars.","reading":"べいこくではおかねがないひとでもじどうしゃをもっています。","words":[{"text":"米国","gloss":"America","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"money"},{"text":"金","gloss":"money","reading":"かね"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"without"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"もっ","gloss":"own"},{"text":"て","gloss":"own"},{"text":"い","gloss":"own"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"own"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.06","source":"ある かん字は 先生でも 読む 事が 出来ません。","translation":"There are some kanji that even teachers cannot read.","reading":"あるかんじはせんせいでもよむことができません。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teachers","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp1.07","source":"ある 生徒は 病気でも 学校に 来ます。","translation":"Some students come to school even when they are sick.","reading":"あるせいとはびょうきでもがっこうにきます。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp1.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"},{"word":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"word":"ひらがな","gloss":"HIRAGANA syllabary"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Grammar Perception Drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"A condition that sets a limit","paragraphs":["*病気では 何も 出来ません* means \"If one is sick, he can't do anything.\" The *では* after *病気* sets the condition.","*これは 重いから、 小包ゆうびんでは 送る 事は 出来ません* applies the same limit to parcel post."]}],"lines":[{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.01","source":"病気では 何も 出来ません。","translation":"If one is sick, he can't do anything.","reading":"びょうきではなにもできません。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"not even"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.02","source":"あるしごとは 子供では 出来ません。","translation":"Some jobs cannot be done by children.","reading":"あるしごとはこどもではできません。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"しごと","gloss":"jobs"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.03","source":"雨では およぐ 事が 出来ません。","translation":"You cannot swim when it is raining.","reading":"あめではおよぐことができません。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"during"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"およぐ","gloss":"swim"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.04","source":"私では このかん字を 読む 事は 出来ません。","translation":"I cannot read this kanji.","reading":"わたくしではこのかんじをよむことはできません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"で","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.05","source":"ニューヨークへ 行くのに、 き車では 時間が かかります。","translation":"It takes a long time to go to New York by train.","reading":"ニューヨークへいくのに、きしゃではじかんがかかります。","words":[{"text":"ニューヨーク","gloss":"New York"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"act"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"for"},{"text":"き","gloss":"train"},{"text":"車","gloss":"train","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"time","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"かかり","gloss":"take"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp2.06","source":"これは 重いから、 小包ゆうびんでは 送る 事は 出来ません。","translation":"This is heavy, so it cannot be sent by parcel post.","reading":"これはおもいから、こづつみゆうびんではおくることはできません。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"heavy","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"小包","gloss":"parcel","reading":"こづつみ"},{"text":"ゆうびん","gloss":"post"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"送る","gloss":"send","reading":"おくる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp2.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"しごと","gloss":"work, job"},{"word":"およぐ","gloss":"to swim"},{"word":"ニューヨーク","gloss":"New York"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"に、","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"き","gloss":"counter for airplanes (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"時間","gloss":"hour, time"},{"word":"小包","gloss":"parcel, small package"},{"word":"ゆうびん","gloss":"postal service"},{"word":"送る","gloss":"to send (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Conditions with bad results · Perception drill, Block 3","teaching":[{"title":"A condition with a bad result","paragraphs":["*雨が 降っては、 そとで あそぶ 事は 出来ません* means \"If it rains, you can't play outside.\"","Add *は* to the TE-form of a verb or I-adjective to give it a conditional meaning.","The result is usually negative or adverse."]},{"title":"The same form after an adjective","paragraphs":["In *そんなに 高くては、 買う 事は 出来ません*, *高くては* means \"if it's so expensive.\"","*こんなに さむくては、 花は さきません* ends with another negative result."]}],"lines":[{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.01","source":"雨が 降っては、 そとで あそぶ 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If it rains, you can't play outside.","reading":"あめがふっては、そとであそぶことはできません。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"fall","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"fall"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"そと","gloss":"outside"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あそぶ","gloss":"play"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.01.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.02","source":"そんなに 高くては、 買う 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If it's so expensive, I can't buy it.","reading":"そんなにたかくては、かうことはできません。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.02.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.03","source":"あんまり 働いては、 体に わるいです。","translation":"Working too much is bad for your health.","reading":"あんまりはたらいては、からだにわるいです。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too much"},{"text":"働い","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"work"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"体","gloss":"body","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.03.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.04","source":"あんまり 沢山 たべては、 体に わるいです。","translation":"Eating too much is bad for your health.","reading":"あんまりたくさんたべては、からだにわるいです。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too much"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"たべ","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"て","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"体","gloss":"body","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.04.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.05","source":"えい語で 話しては、 あの人には わかりません。","translation":"If you speak in English, that person will not understand.","reading":"えいごではなしては、あのひとにはわかりません。","words":[{"text":"えい語","gloss":"English"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"speak"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.05.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.06","source":"あんまり 遠くては、 歩いて 行く 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If it is too far, you cannot walk there.","reading":"あんまりとおくては、あるいていくことはできません。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"遠く","gloss":"far","reading":"とおく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"walk"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.06.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.07","source":"こんなに さむくては、 花は さきません。","translation":"When it is this cold, the flowers will not bloom.","reading":"こんなにさむくては、はなはさきません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this"},{"text":"に","gloss":"this"},{"text":"さむく","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"花","gloss":"flowers","reading":"はな"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さき","gloss":"bloom"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.07.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.08","source":"あかりが なくては、 見えません。","translation":"Without a light, you cannot see.","reading":"あかりがなくては、みえません。","words":[{"text":"あかり","gloss":"light"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"without"},{"text":"て","gloss":"without"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"without"},{"text":"見え","gloss":"see","reading":"みえ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.08.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp3.09","source":"そんなに あそびたくては、 べんきょう 出来ません。","translation":"If you want to play that much, you cannot study.","reading":"そんなにあそびたくては、べんきょうできません。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"あそび","gloss":"play"},{"text":"たく","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp3.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"そと","gloss":"outside"},{"word":"あそぶ","gloss":"to play (v.i.)"},{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"},{"word":"体","gloss":"body, health"},{"word":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"word":"遠く","gloss":"distant (place)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Expressing abilities and limits · Perception drill, Block 4","teaching":[{"title":"Making a verb mean can","paragraphs":["*私は 少し およげます* means \"I can swim a little.\" A potential verb states ability or possibility.","For a regular verb, replace *BA* in its conditional form with *RU*. *NARAEBA* becomes *NARAERU*, \"can learn.\"","With a potential verb, the thing possible usually takes *が* or *は* instead of *を*."]},{"title":"The person and the possible thing","paragraphs":["*私は かん字が 読めません* means \"I can't read KANJI.\" The person takes *は*, and the thing that cannot be read takes *が*.","The same sentence can describe the kanji as not readable by that person."]}],"lines":[{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.01","source":"私は かん字が 読めません。","translation":"I can't read KANJI.","reading":"わたくしはかんじがよめません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.01.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.02","source":"私は 毎日 十時間 働けません。","translation":"I cannot work ten hours every day.","reading":"わたくしはまいにちじゅうじかんはたらけません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"毎日","gloss":"every day","reading":"まいにち"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"hours","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"働け","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.02.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.03","source":"このはこは 小包ゆうびんでは 送れません。","translation":"This box cannot be sent by parcel post.","reading":"このはこはこづつみゆうびんではおくれません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"はこ","gloss":"box"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"小包","gloss":"parcel post","reading":"こづつみ"},{"text":"ゆうびん","gloss":"parcel post"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"送れ","gloss":"send","reading":"おくれ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.03.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.04","source":"私は 先生ほど 早く 日本語が 話せません。","translation":"I cannot speak Japanese as fast as the teacher.","reading":"わたくしはせんせいほどはやくにほんごがはなせません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"as much as"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.04.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.05","source":"だれでも 沢山 たべれば ふとれます。","translation":"Anyone can gain weight if they eat a lot.","reading":"だれでもたくさんたべればふとれます。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"たべれ","gloss":"can eat"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ふとれ","gloss":"can gain weight"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.05.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp4.06","source":"私は 少し およげます。","translation":"I can swim a little.","reading":"わたくしはすこしおよげます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"およげ","gloss":"can swim"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp4.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Conditions and consequences · Perception drill, Block 5","teaching":[{"title":"A supposed condition","paragraphs":["*私は 雨が 降ったら、 行きません* means \"If it should rain, I wouldn't go.\"","Add *ら* to the plain past form of a verb or I-adjective. Here *降った* becomes *降ったら*."]},{"title":"A result that occurred","paragraphs":["*花見に 行ったら、 人が 沢山 居ました* describes an actual occurrence.","Here *行ったら* means \"when I went,\" and the second clause reports what was there."]}],"lines":[{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.01","source":"私は 雨が 降ったら、 行きません。","translation":"If it should rain, I wouldn't go.","reading":"わたくしはあめがふったら、いきません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.01.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.02","source":"花見に 行ったら、 人が 沢山 居ました。","translation":"When I went to flower viewing, many people were there.","reading":"はなみにいったら、ひとがたくさんいました。","words":[{"text":"花見","gloss":"flower viewing","reading":"はなみ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"居","gloss":"be there","reading":"い"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.02.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.03","source":"あんまり 沢山 たべたら、 病気に なりますよ。","translation":"If you eat too much, you will get sick.","reading":"あんまりたくさんたべたら、びょうきになりますよ。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"much","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"たべ","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.03.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.04","source":"かぜが ふいたら、 行きません。","translation":"If the wind blows, I will not go.","reading":"かぜがふいたら、いきません。","words":[{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ふい","gloss":"blow"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.04.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.05","source":"もっと べんきょうしたら、 上手に なりますよ。","translation":"If you study more, you will get better at it.","reading":"もっとべんきょうしたら、じょうずになりますよ。","words":[{"text":"もっと","gloss":"more"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"better","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.05.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.06","source":"こうくうゆうびんで 送ったら、 高いですよ。","translation":"If you send it by airmail, it will be expensive.","reading":"こうくうゆうびんでおくったら、たかいですよ。","words":[{"text":"こうくう","gloss":"airmail"},{"text":"ゆうびん","gloss":"airmail"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"送っ","gloss":"send","reading":"おくっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.06.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.07","source":"あの方に 日本語で 話したら、 ちっとも わかりませんでした。","translation":"When I spoke to that person in Japanese, they did not understand at all.","reading":"あのかたににほんごではなしたら、ちっともわかりませんでした。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"方","gloss":"person","reading":"かた"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"ちっとも","gloss":"at all"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.07.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.08","source":"まどを あけたら、 すずしく なりました。","translation":"When I opened the window, it became cooler.","reading":"まどをあけたら、すずしくなりました。","words":[{"text":"まど","gloss":"window"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"あけ","gloss":"open"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"すずしく","gloss":"cooler"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.08.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.09","source":"もう 少し 安かったら、 買います。","translation":"If it were a little cheaper, I would buy it.","reading":"もうすこしやすかったら、かいます。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"more"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"安かっ","gloss":"cheap","reading":"やすかっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.09.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.10","source":"日本語が もう 少し やさしかったら、 もっと 習えます。","translation":"If Japanese were a little easier, I could learn more.","reading":"にほんごがもうすこしやさしかったら、もっとならえます。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"more"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"やさしかっ","gloss":"easy"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"もっと","gloss":"more"},{"text":"習え","gloss":"can learn","reading":"ならえ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.10.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L034.gp5.11","source":"さむかったら、 この オーバーを 着なさい。","translation":"If you are cold, put on this overcoat.","reading":"さむかったら、このオーバーをきなさい。","words":[{"text":"さむかっ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"オーバー","gloss":"overcoat"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"put on","reading":"き"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"command"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.gp5.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"花見","gloss":"flower viewing, cherry-blossom viewing"},{"word":"もっと","gloss":"more (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ちっとも","gloss":"not even a little (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"オーバー","gloss":"overcoat"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Even unexpected people · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Even in an unexpected case","paragraphs":["*元気な人でも、 時々 病気に なります* means \"Even a healthy person becomes sick sometimes.\" The *でも* includes an unexpected case.","In *あの生徒は 病気でも 学校へ 来ます*, *でも* marks illness as the unexpected condition."]}],"lines":[{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.m1","source":"元気な人でも、 時々 病気に なります。","translation":"Even a healthy person becomes sick sometimes.","reading":"げんきなひとでも、ときどきびょうきになります。","words":[{"text":"元気","gloss":"healthy","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"な","gloss":"healthy"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"even"},{"text":"時々","gloss":"sometimes","reading":"ときどき"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.01","source":"子供でも そんな 事を 知っています。","translation":"Even children know that.","reading":"こどもでもそんなことをしっています。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"い","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.02","source":"あの生徒は 週まつでも べんきょうします。","translation":"That student studies even on weekends.","reading":"あのせいとはしゅうまつでもべんきょうします。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"週","gloss":"weekend","reading":"しゅう"},{"text":"まつ","gloss":"weekend"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.03","source":"医者でも 病気に なります。","translation":"Even doctors get sick.","reading":"いしゃでもびょうきになります。","words":[{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctors","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.04","source":"先生でも このかん字が 読めません。","translation":"Even teachers cannot read this kanji.","reading":"せんせいでもこのかんじがよめません。","words":[{"text":"先生","gloss":"teachers","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.05","source":"あの生徒は 病気でも 学校へ 来ます。","translation":"That student comes to school even when he is sick.","reading":"あのせいとはびょうきでもがっこうへきます。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"時々","gloss":"sometimes, occasionally"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Even times and seasons · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Even in a question and answer","paragraphs":["*外国語は 子供でも 習えますか* asks \"Can even children learn foreign languages?\"","*ええ、 子供でも 習えます* keeps *でも* in the affirmative answer.","*モンテレーは 夏でも すずしいです* extends the same pattern to a season."]}],"lines":[{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.06","source":"外国語は 子供でも 習えますか。","translation":"Can even children learn foreign languages?","reading":"がいこくごはこどもでもならえますか。","words":[{"text":"外国","gloss":"foreign languages","reading":"がいこく"},{"text":"語","gloss":"foreign languages","reading":"ご"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"習え","gloss":"can learn","reading":"ならえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.07","source":"ええ、 子供でも 習えます。","translation":"Yes, even children can learn them.","reading":"ええ、こどもでもならえます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"習え","gloss":"can learn","reading":"ならえ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.08","source":"あなた方は 土曜日でも 学校へ 行きますか。","translation":"Do you go to school even on Saturdays?","reading":"あなたがたはどようびでもがっこうへいきますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"方","gloss":"you","reading":"がた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.09","source":"いいえ、 土日曜日には 学へ 行きません。","translation":"No, we do not go to school on Saturdays or Sundays.","reading":"いいえ、どにちようびにはがくへいきません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"土日曜","gloss":"Saturdays or Sundays","reading":"どにちよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturdays or Sundays","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"学","gloss":"school","reading":"がく"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.10","source":"モンテレーは すずしい 所ですね。","translation":"Monterey is a cool place, isn’t it?","reading":"モンテレーはすずしいところですね。","words":[{"text":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すずしい","gloss":"cool"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt1.11","source":"ええ、 モンテレーは 夏でも すずしいです。","translation":"Yes, Monterey is cool even in summer.","reading":"ええ、モンテレーはなつでもすずしいです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"夏","gloss":"summer","reading":"なつ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"すずしい","gloss":"cool"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt1.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"word":"すずしい","gloss":"cool"},{"word":"所","gloss":"address, place"},{"word":"夏","gloss":"summer"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Pattern 2","teaching":[{"title":"What the condition permits","paragraphs":["*病気では 学校へ 行く 事は 出来ません* means \"If you are sick, you cannot go to school.\"","*米国から 日本へ 自動車では 行けません* applies *では* to an inadequate means.","*それが 一万円では あまり 高いです* judges a proposed amount."]}],"lines":[{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.m1","source":"病気では しごとは 出来ません。","translation":"If one is sick, he cannot work.","reading":"びょうきではしごとはできません。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"し","gloss":"work"},{"text":"ごと","gloss":"work"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.01","source":"病気では 学校へ 行く 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If you are sick, you cannot go to school.","reading":"びょうきではがっこうへいくことはできません。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.02","source":"子供では この しごとは 出来ません。","translation":"This job cannot be done by a child.","reading":"こどもではこのしごとはできません。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"しごと","gloss":"job"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.03","source":"米国から 日本へ 自動車では 行けません。","translation":"You cannot go from the United States to Japan by car.","reading":"べいこくからにほんへじどうしゃではいけません。","words":[{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.04","source":"それが 一万円では あまり 高いです。","translation":"Ten thousand yen is too expensive for that.","reading":"それがいちまんえんではあまりたかいです。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"いち"},{"text":"万","gloss":"ten thousand","reading":"まん"},{"text":"円","gloss":"yen","reading":"えん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.05","source":"この本は 生徒では 読めません。","translation":"A student cannot read this book.","reading":"このほんはせいとではよめません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.05.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"円","gloss":"yen (unit of money)"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about practical ability · Pattern 2 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Even versus inadequate","paragraphs":["*子供でも これが 出来るでしょうか* asks whether even a child can do it.","The answer *いいえ、 子供では 出来ませんね* changes to *では* and says a child cannot do it.","*左の手では 書く 事は 出来ません* applies the same limit to a means."]}],"lines":[{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.06","source":"あなたは 明日 雨でも ゴルフを やりますか。","translation":"Will you play golf tomorrow even if it rains?","reading":"あなたはあしたあめでもゴルフをやりますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やり","gloss":"play"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.07","source":"いいえ、 雨では やれませんね。","translation":"No, I cannot play in the rain.","reading":"いいえ、あめではやれませんね。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やれ","gloss":"play"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.08","source":"子供でも これが 出来るでしょうか。","translation":"Do you think even a child can do this?","reading":"こどもでもこれができるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.09","source":"いいえ、 子供では 出来ませんね。","translation":"No, a child cannot do it.","reading":"いいえ、こどもではできませんね。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.10","source":"あなたは 左の手で 書く 事が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you write with your left hand?","reading":"あなたはひだりのてでかくことができますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand","reading":"て"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt2.11","source":"いいえ、 左の手では 書く 事は 出来ません。","translation":"No, I cannot write with my left hand.","reading":"いいえ、ひだりのてではかくことはできません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand","reading":"て"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"出来る","gloss":"to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Conditions preventing action · Pattern 3 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A condition that prevents action","paragraphs":["*雨が 沢山 降っては、 だれも 行きません* means \"If it rains a lot, no one will go.\"","The *ては* condition leads to a negative result.","*そんなに 沢山 くすりを のんでは、 体に わるいですよ* gives a harmful result instead."]}],"lines":[{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.01","source":"雨が 沢山 降っては、 だれも 行きません。","translation":"If it rains a lot, no one will go.","reading":"あめがたくさんふっては、だれもいきません。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.02","source":"高くては、 だれも 買いません。","translation":"If it is expensive, no one will buy it.","reading":"たかくては、だれもかいません。","words":[{"text":"高く","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.03","source":"女の人が 居ては、 話す 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If there are women present, we cannot talk.","reading":"おんなのひとがいては、はなすことはできません。","words":[{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"be present","reading":"い"},{"text":"て","gloss":"be present"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"talk","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.04","source":"子供を つれて 行っては、 しごとは 出来ません。","translation":"If you take the children along, you cannot work.","reading":"こどもをつれていっては、しごとはできません。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"go"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"しごと","gloss":"work"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.05","source":"そんなに 沢山 くすりを のんでは、 体に わるいですよ。","translation":"Taking that much medicine is bad for your health.","reading":"そんなにたくさんくすりをのんでは、からだにわるいですよ。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"much","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"take"},{"text":"で","gloss":"taking"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"体","gloss":"health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.06","source":"こんなに あつくては、 何も 出来ません。","translation":"When it is this hot, I cannot do anything.","reading":"こんなにあつくては、なにもできません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this"},{"text":"に","gloss":"much"},{"text":"あつく","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.06.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.07","source":"あまり 遠くては、 行く 事は 出来ません。","translation":"If it is too far, I cannot go.","reading":"あまりとおくては、いくことはできません。","words":[{"text":"あまり","gloss":"too"},{"text":"遠く","gloss":"far","reading":"とおく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.08","source":"自動車が なくては、 行けません。","translation":"Without a car, I cannot go.","reading":"じどうしゃがなくては、いけません。","words":[{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"not exist"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"女","gloss":"female"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Health despite adverse conditions · Pattern 3 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A health condition and its result","paragraphs":["*そんなに やせては、 体に わるいでしょう* presents thinness as a condition with a harmful result.","*のどが いたくては、 話す 事は 出来ませんね* means \"If your throat hurts, you cannot talk, can you?\""]}],"lines":[{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.09","source":"そんなに 歩いては、 つかれませんか。","translation":"Won't you get tired if you walk that much?","reading":"そんなにあるいては、つかれませんか。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"much"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"つかれ","gloss":"get tired"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.10","source":"いいえ、 私は 一日 歩いても つかれません。","translation":"No, I don't get tired even if I walk all day.","reading":"いいえ、わたくしはいちにちあるいてもつかれません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一日","gloss":"all day","reading":"いちにち"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"つかれ","gloss":"get tired"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.11","source":"そんなに やせては、 体に わるいでしょう。","translation":"If you are that thin, it is probably bad for your health.","reading":"そんなにやせては、からだにわるいでしょう。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"much"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"be thin"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"体","gloss":"health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.12","source":"いいえ、 やせていても 大へん 元気ですよ。","translation":"No, even though I am thin, I am very healthy.","reading":"いいえ、やせていてもたいへんげんきですよ。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"am thin"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thin"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am thin"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thin"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even though"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"healthy","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.12.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.13","source":"今日は とても のどが いたいのです。","translation":"My throat hurts very much today.","reading":"きょうはとてものどがいたいのです。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたい","gloss":"hurts"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.13.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.14","source":"そうですか。 のどが いたくては、 話す 事は 出来ませんね。","translation":"I see. If your throat hurts, you cannot talk, can you?","reading":"そうですか。のどがいたくては、はなすことはできませんね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたく","gloss":"hurts"},{"text":"て","gloss":"if"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"talk","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.14.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.15","source":"働く","translation":"To work.","reading":"はたらく","words":[{"text":"働く","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.15.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.16","source":"かぜが ふく","translation":"The wind blows.","reading":"かぜがふく","words":[{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ふく","gloss":"blows"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.16.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一日","gloss":"first day of the month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"大へん","gloss":"very"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"とても","gloss":"very, indeed"},{"word":"いたい","gloss":"painful"},{"word":"ふく","gloss":"to blow (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"States causing difficulties · Pattern 3 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"States for adverse conditions","paragraphs":["*ねつが ある* means \"To have a fever.\" It provides a state for an adverse condition.","*いそがしい* means \"To be busy,\" and *くらい* means \"To be dark.\" Both are I-adjectives."]}],"lines":[{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.17","source":"ねつが ある","translation":"To have a fever.","reading":"ねつがある","words":[{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"have"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.17.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.18","source":"雨が 降る","translation":"It rains.","reading":"あめがふる","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降る","gloss":"falls","reading":"ふる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.18.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.19","source":"いそがしい","translation":"To be busy.","reading":"いそがしい","words":[{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.19.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.20","source":"くらい","translation":"To be dark.","reading":"くらい","words":[{"text":"くらい","gloss":"dark"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.20.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.21","source":"むずかしい","translation":"To be difficult.","reading":"むずかしい","words":[{"text":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.21.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt3.22","source":"古い","translation":"To be old.","reading":"ふるい","words":[{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt3.22.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"降る","gloss":"to fall (rain) (v.i.)"},{"word":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"word":"くらい","gloss":"dark"},{"word":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying what people can do · Pattern 4 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"What someone can manage","paragraphs":["*まだ ひらがなが よく 読めません* means \"I cannot read HIRAGANA well yet.\" The potential form states a limit.","*スミスさんは 日本語が 上手に 話せます* states an ability.","*七時頃には かえれるでしょう* adds a probable ability to return."]}],"lines":[{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.m1","source":"まだ ひらがなが よく 読めません。","translation":"I cannot read HIRAGANA well yet.","reading":"まだひらがながよくよめません。","words":[{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"ひらがな","gloss":"hiragana"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.m1.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.01","source":"今ばんは 十時まで 一しょに あそべます。","translation":"I can spend time with you until ten o'clock tonight.","reading":"こんばんはじゅうじまでいっしょにあそべます。","words":[{"text":"今","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こん"},{"text":"ばん","gloss":"tonight"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten o’clock","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"時","gloss":"ten o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"一しょ","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"あそべ","gloss":"can spend time"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.01.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.02","source":"一日に 十五時間は 働けません。","translation":"I cannot work fifteen hours a day.","reading":"いちにちにじゅうごじかんははたらけません。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"a day","reading":"いち"},{"text":"日","gloss":"a day","reading":"にち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"per"},{"text":"十","gloss":"fifteen","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"五","gloss":"fifteen","reading":"ご"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"hours","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"働け","gloss":"can work","reading":"はたらけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.02.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.03","source":"あの 生徒は かん字が よく 書けません。","translation":"That student cannot write kanji very well.","reading":"あのせいとはかんじがよくかけません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"書け","gloss":"can write","reading":"かけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.03.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.04","source":"スミスさんは 日本語が 上手に 話せます。","translation":"Mr. Smith can speak Japanese well.","reading":"スミスさんはにほんごがじょうずにはなせます。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillfully","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.04.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.05","source":"私は よく およげます。","translation":"I can swim well.","reading":"わたくしはよくおよげます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"およげ","gloss":"can swim"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.05.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.06","source":"あなたは 何時頃 サンフランシスコから かえりますか。","translation":"About what time will you return from San Francisco?","reading":"あなたはなんじごろサンフランシスコからかえりますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何時頃","gloss":"about what time","reading":"なんじごろ"},{"text":"サンフランシスコ","gloss":"San Francisco"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"かえり","gloss":"return"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.06.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.07","source":"さあ、 七時頃には かえれるでしょう。","translation":"Well, I will probably be able to return around seven o'clock.","reading":"さあ、しちじごろにはかえれるでしょう。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven o’clock"},{"text":"時","gloss":"seven o’clock"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"around"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かえれる","gloss":"can return"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.07.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.08","source":"その くすりは 私でも 買えますか。","translation":"Can even I buy that medicine?","reading":"そのくすりはわたくしでもかえますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"買え","gloss":"can buy","reading":"かえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.08.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.09","source":"ええ、 だれでも 買えます。","translation":"Yes, anyone can buy it.","reading":"ええ、だれでもかえます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"買え","gloss":"can buy","reading":"かえ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"ばん","gloss":"evening, night"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"サンフランシスコ","gloss":"San Francisco"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking what people can do · Pattern 4 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Potential forms in questions and answers","paragraphs":["*あなたは 自動車が なおせますか* asks \"Can you repair automobiles?\" The answer uses *なおせません*.","*私は 歩く 事が 出来ます* states ability with a verb followed by *事が 出来ます*.","*日本語から えい語に やくす 事が 出来ます* uses the same expression for translation."]}],"lines":[{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.10","source":"あなたは 自動車が なおせますか。","translation":"Can you repair automobiles?","reading":"あなたはじどうしゃがなおせますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なおせ","gloss":"can repair"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.10.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.11","source":"いいえ、 なおせません。","translation":"No, I cannot repair them.","reading":"いいえ、なおせません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"なおせ","gloss":"can repair"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.11.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.12","source":"あなたは 日本の しんぶんが 読めますか。","translation":"Can you read Japanese newspapers?","reading":"あなたはにほんのしんぶんがよめますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"しんぶん","gloss":"newspapers"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.12.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.13","source":"いいえ、 知らない かん字が 多いから、 読めません。","translation":"No, I cannot read them because there are many kanji I do not know.","reading":"いいえ、しらないかんじがおおいから、よめません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しら"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"か","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"字","gloss":"kanji","reading":"じ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.13.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.14","source":"私は 歩く 事が 出来ます。","translation":"I can walk.","reading":"わたくしはあるくことができます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"歩く","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.14.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.15","source":"私は ドイツ語を 話します。","translation":"I speak German.","reading":"わたくしはドイツごをはなします。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ドイツ","gloss":"German"},{"text":"語","gloss":"German","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.15.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.16","source":"重い 病気の人は 動く 事が 出来ません。","translation":"Seriously ill people cannot move.","reading":"おもいびょうきのひとはうごくことができません。","words":[{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"with"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"動く","gloss":"move","reading":"うごく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.16.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.17","source":"あの人は ものを 言う 事が 出来ません。","translation":"That person cannot speak.","reading":"あのひとはものをいうことができません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"words"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"say","reading":"いう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.17.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt4.18","source":"日本語から えい語に やくす 事が 出来ます。","translation":"I can translate from Japanese into English.","reading":"にほんごからえいごにやくすことができます。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"えい語","gloss":"English"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"やくす","gloss":"translate"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt4.18.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"言う","gloss":"to say"},{"word":"やくす","gloss":"to translate (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"If and when outcomes · Pattern 5 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A supposed result","paragraphs":["*雨が 降ったら、 私は 行きません* means \"If it should rain, I wouldn't go.\" The *たら* clause states a supposed condition.","*この くすりを のんだら、 病気は なおります* links taking medicine with expected recovery."]},{"title":"What happened afterward","paragraphs":["*夕はんを たべたら、 もう 八時でした* reports that it was eight o'clock after supper.","Here the *たら* clause names an actual occurrence before the result."]}],"lines":[{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.01","source":"雨が 降ったら、 私は 行きません。","translation":"If it should rain, I wouldn't go.","reading":"あめがふったら、わたくしはいきません。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.01.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.02","source":"夕はんを たべたら、 もう 八時でした。","translation":"When I ate supper, it was already 8 o'clock.","reading":"ゆうはんをたべたら、もうはちじでした。","words":[{"text":"夕はん","gloss":"supper","reading":"ゆうはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"たべ","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight o’clock","reading":"はち"},{"text":"時","gloss":"eight o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.02.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.03","source":"この くすりを のんだら、 病気は なおります。","translation":"If you take this medicine, you will get well.","reading":"このくすりをのんだら、びょうきはなおります。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"take"},{"text":"だら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"get well"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.03.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.04","source":"あんまり 動いたら、 体に わるいですよ。","translation":"If you move around too much, it is bad for your health.","reading":"あんまりうごいたら、からだにわるいですよ。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"too much"},{"text":"動い","gloss":"move around","reading":"うごい"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"体","gloss":"health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"bad"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.04.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.05","source":"それを なおしたら、 又 使えますよ。","translation":"If you repair it, you can use it again.","reading":"それをなおしたら、またつかえますよ。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なおし","gloss":"repair"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"又","gloss":"again","reading":"また"},{"text":"使え","gloss":"can use","reading":"つかえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.05.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.06","source":"三十分 まったら、 あの人は 来ました。","translation":"After I waited thirty minutes, that person came.","reading":"さんじゅっぷんまったら、あのひとはきました。","words":[{"text":"三十","gloss":"thirty minutes"},{"text":"分","gloss":"thirty minutes"},{"text":"まっ","gloss":"wait"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"after"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.06.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.07","source":"もっと 新しかったら、 買います。","translation":"If it were newer, I would buy it.","reading":"もっとあたらしかったら、かいます。","words":[{"text":"もっと","gloss":"more"},{"text":"新しかっ","gloss":"newer","reading":"あたらしかっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.07.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.08","source":"この くつを 買いましょうか。","translation":"Shall I buy these shoes?","reading":"このくつをかいましょうか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.08.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.09","source":"ええ、 買いたかったら、 買いなさいよ。","translation":"Yes, if you want to buy them, go ahead and buy them.","reading":"ええ、かいたかったら、かいなさいよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"want to buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たかっ","gloss":"want to buy"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"なさい","gloss":"please do"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"三十","gloss":"30"},{"word":"分","gloss":"minute"},{"word":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"word":"ましょう","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Medical conditions and advice · Pattern 5 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Recovery and advice","paragraphs":["*病人は くすりを のんだら、 すぐ なおりますか* asks whether medicine leads to immediate recovery.","*時々 くすりを のんでも なおりません* denies that expected result even when medicine is taken.","*重かったら、 入院する 方が いいですね* gives advice under a serious condition."]}],"lines":[{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.10","source":"病人は くすりを のんだら、 すぐ なおりますか。","translation":"Will a patient get well right away if he takes medicine?","reading":"びょうにんはくすりをのんだら、すぐなおりますか。","words":[{"text":"病人","gloss":"patient","reading":"びょうにん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"take"},{"text":"だら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"すぐ","gloss":"right away"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"get well"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.10.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.11","source":"いいえ、 時々 くすりを のんでも なおりません。","translation":"No, sometimes a patient does not get well even if he takes medicine.","reading":"いいえ、ときどきくすりをのんでもなおりません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"時々","gloss":"sometimes","reading":"ときどき"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"take"},{"text":"で","gloss":"if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"get well"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.11.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.12","source":"病気が 重かったら、 入院しなければ なりませんか。","translation":"If the illness is serious, must the patient enter a hospital?","reading":"びょうきがおもかったら、にゅういんしなければなりませんか。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"重かっ","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもかっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospital admission","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.12.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.13","source":"はい、 重かったら、 入院する 方が いいですね。","translation":"Yes, if it is serious, it is better to enter a hospital.","reading":"はい、おもかったら、にゅういんするほうがいいですね。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"重かっ","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもかっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospital admission","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"方","gloss":"way","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"better"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.13.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.14","source":"雨が 降る。","translation":"It rains.","reading":"あめがふる。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降る。","gloss":"falls","reading":"ふる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.14.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.15","source":"私は さんぽに 出かけます。","translation":"I go out for a walk.","reading":"わたくしはさんぽにでかけます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さんぽ","gloss":"walk"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"出かけ","gloss":"go out","reading":"でかけ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.15.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.16","source":"そのざっしを 読みます。","translation":"I read that magazine.","reading":"そのざっしをよみます。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読み","gloss":"read","reading":"よみ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.16.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.17","source":"私に ください。","translation":"Please give it to me.","reading":"わたくしにください。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"me","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please give"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.17.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.18","source":"田中さんを 見ました。","translation":"I saw Mr. Tanaka.","reading":"たなかさんをみました。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.18.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"すぐ","gloss":"right away, immediately"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"降る。","gloss":"to fall (rain) (v.i.)"},{"word":"さんぽ","gloss":"strolling"},{"word":"ください。","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Forming conditions from statements · Pattern 5 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Events, states, and results","paragraphs":["*町を 歩いて いました* means \"I was walking through town.\" It provides an event for a *たら* condition.","*お金が ありませんでした* provides a past state. *こまります* provides the result \"I will be in trouble.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.19","source":"町を 歩いて いました。","translation":"I was walking through town.","reading":"まちをあるいていました。","words":[{"text":"町","gloss":"town","reading":"まち"},{"text":"を","gloss":"through"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"was walking","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was walking"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was walking"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was walking"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was walking"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.19.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.20","source":"わからない 言葉が 沢山 ありました。","translation":"There were many words I did not understand.","reading":"わからないことばがたくさんありました。","words":[{"text":"わから","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"words","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.20.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.21","source":"日本ざっしを 読んで いました。","translation":"I was reading a Japanese magazine.","reading":"にほんざっしをよんでいました。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"was reading","reading":"よん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"was reading"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was reading"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was reading"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was reading"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.21.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.22","source":"お金が ありませんでした。","translation":"I had no money.","reading":"おかねがありませんでした。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"money"},{"text":"金","gloss":"money","reading":"かね"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.22.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.23","source":"こまります。","translation":"I will be in trouble.","reading":"こまります。","words":[{"text":"こまり","gloss":"be in trouble"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.23.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.24","source":"きねん切手が 出ます。","translation":"A commemorative stamp will be issued.","reading":"きねんきってがでます。","words":[{"text":"きね","gloss":"commemorative stamp"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"commemorative stamp"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"commemorative stamp","reading":"きって"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出","gloss":"be issued","reading":"で"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.24.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.25","source":"その 切手を 買いたいのです。","translation":"I want to buy that stamp.","reading":"そのきってをかいたいのです。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"stamp","reading":"きって"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.25.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.26","source":"あなたは いそがしいですか。","translation":"Are you busy?","reading":"あなたはいそがしいですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.26.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.27","source":"来なくても いいです。","translation":"You do not have to come.","reading":"こなくてもいいです。","words":[{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"not"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.27.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"町","gloss":"town"},{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Causes and likely results · Pattern 5 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Results after a condition","paragraphs":["*医者に かかります* means \"I will see a doctor.\" It can follow a *たら* condition as its result.","*重い 病気に なります* gives a harmful result. *上手に なります* gives improvement as a result."]}],"lines":[{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.28","source":"医者に かかります。","translation":"I will see a doctor.","reading":"いしゃにかかります。","words":[{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかり","gloss":"see"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.28.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.29","source":"重い 病気に なります。","translation":"I will become seriously ill.","reading":"おもいびょうきになります。","words":[{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.29.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.30","source":"もって 歩くのに 便利です。","translation":"It is convenient to carry around.","reading":"もってあるくのにべんりです。","words":[{"text":"もっ","gloss":"carry"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"歩く","gloss":"around","reading":"あるく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"for"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"便利","gloss":"convenient","reading":"べんり"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.30.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.31","source":"かるいです。","translation":"It is mild.","reading":"かるいです。","words":[{"text":"かるい","gloss":"mild"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.31.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.32","source":"上手に なります。","translation":"You will become good at it.","reading":"じょうずになります。","words":[{"text":"上手","gloss":"skilled","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.32.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L034.pt5.33","source":"けいこします。","translation":"I practice.","reading":"けいこします。","words":[{"text":"けいこ","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.pt5.33.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かるい","gloss":"light"},{"word":"けいこ","gloss":"practice"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Illness and hospital care · Questions 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Who becomes ill and what follows","paragraphs":["*どんなに けんこうな 人でも 病気に なる 事が あります* means \"even the healthiest person may get sick.\"","A response names the illness, its treatment, or the reason for hospital care.","*病気に なったら すぐ 医者に かかる 方が いいです* gives the response to becoming ill."]}],"lines":[{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.001","source":"好きで 病気に なる 人は 一人も 居ません。 しかし、","translation":"There is no one who gets sick because they want to. However,","reading":"すきでびょうきになるひとはひとりもいません。しかし、","words":[{"text":"好き","gloss":"by choice","reading":"すき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by choice"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"get"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.001.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.002","source":"どんなに けんこうな 人でも 病気に なる 事が あります。 かぜを","translation":"even the healthiest person may get sick. You may catch a cold","reading":"どんなにけんこうなひとでもびょうきになることがあります。かぜを","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"に","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"けんこう","gloss":"healthy"},{"text":"な","gloss":"healthy"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"get"},{"text":"事","gloss":"times","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"occur"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.002.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.003","source":"ひいて のどや あたまが いたい 事が あるでしょう。 又 わるい","translation":"and have a sore throat or a headache. You may also contract a serious","reading":"ひいてのどやあたまがいたいことがあるでしょう。またわるい","words":[{"text":"ひい","gloss":"catch"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"や","gloss":"or"},{"text":"あたま","gloss":"head"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたい","gloss":"hurt"},{"text":"事","gloss":"times","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"occur"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"serious"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.003.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.004","source":"でんせん病に かかる 事も あるでしょう。 わかい 元気な 人でも","translation":"contagious disease. Even young, healthy people","reading":"でんせんびょうにかかることもあるでしょう。わかいげんきなひとでも","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"事","gloss":"times","reading":"こと"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"occur"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"わかい","gloss":"young"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"healthy","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"な","gloss":"healthy"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.004.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.005","source":"病気に なったら すぐ 医者に かかる 方が いいです。 医者は","translation":"should see a doctor immediately if they get sick. The doctor","reading":"びょうきになったらすぐいしゃにかかるほうがいいです。いしゃは","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"if"},{"text":"すぐ","gloss":"immediately"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"see"},{"text":"方","gloss":"way","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.005.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.006","source":"病人に てきとうな くすりを やって、 病気を なおします。","translation":"gives the patient suitable medicine and cures the illness.","reading":"びょうにんにてきとうなくすりをやって、びょうきをなおします。","words":[{"text":"病人","gloss":"patient","reading":"びょうにん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"てきとう","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"な","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やっ","gloss":"give"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なおし","gloss":"cure"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.006.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.007","source":"重い 病気の人や でんせん病に かかった 人は 入院する 方が","translation":"People who are seriously ill or have contracted a contagious disease should","reading":"おもいびょうきのひとやでんせんびょうにかかったひとはにゅういんするほうが","words":[{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"や","gloss":"or"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"方","gloss":"way","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.007.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.008","source":"いいです。 家に 居ると、 手当を する 家ぞくの 人や 友だちに","translation":"enter a hospital. If they stay at home, they will infect the family members and friends","reading":"いいです。いえにいると、てあてをするかぞくのひとやともだちに","words":[{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"居る","gloss":"stay","reading":"いる"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"手当","gloss":"care","reading":"てあて"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"家ぞく","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"members","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friends","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.008.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.009","source":"うつりますから。","translation":"who care for them.","reading":"うつりますから。","words":[{"text":"うつり","gloss":"infect"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.009.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"わかい","gloss":"young"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"A patient's recovery · Questions 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"How the patient recovered","paragraphs":["Mr. Uyeda could not speak well or walk because of his sore throat and fever.","*その くすりを もらって のんだら、 じきに よく なって 来たそうです* says he began improving after taking the medicine.","A response gives a cause, a limitation, or the result of treatment."]}],"lines":[{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.010","source":"上田さんは 今 病気で 入院しています。 のどが いたくて","translation":"Mr. Uyeda is now ill and in the hospital. His throat hurt,","reading":"うえださんはいまびょうきでにゅういんしています。のどがいたくて","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"ill","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"is hospitalized","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"is hospitalized"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is hospitalized"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is hospitalized"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is hospitalized"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたく","gloss":"hurt"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.010.m4a"},{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.011","source":"よく 話せなかったり、 ねつが ずい分 高くて 歩けなかったりした","translation":"so he could not speak well, and his fever was so high that he could not walk,","reading":"よくはなせなかったり、ねつがずいぶんたかくてあるけなかったりした","words":[{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"たり、","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ずい分","gloss":"very","reading":"ずいぶん"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"high","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"歩け","gloss":"can walk","reading":"あるけ"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"たり","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.011.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.012","source":"そうです。 しかし、 この頃は いい くすりが ありますから、","translation":"I hear. However, there is good medicine these days, so","reading":"そうです。しかし、このごろはいいくすりがありますから、","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"この頃","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.012.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.013","source":"お医者さんに その くすりを もらって のんだら、 じきに よく","translation":"when he got that medicine from the doctor and took it, he soon began","reading":"おいしゃさんにそのくすりをもらってのんだら、じきによく","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"doctor"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"doctor"},{"text":"に","gloss":"from"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"もらっ","gloss":"receive"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"だら、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"じき","gloss":"soon"},{"text":"に","gloss":"soon"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.013.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.014","source":"なって 来たそうです。 病院に 長く 居ては、 ひようが 高く","translation":"to get better, I hear. Staying in the hospital a long time would cost a lot,","reading":"なってきたそうです。びょういんにながくいては、ひようがたかく","words":[{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"病院","gloss":"hospital","reading":"びょういん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"長く","gloss":"long","reading":"ながく"},{"text":"居","gloss":"stay","reading":"い"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ひ","gloss":"expense"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"expense"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"high","reading":"たかく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.014.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.015","source":"なるから、 週まつには 家に かえるそうです。","translation":"so I hear he will return home on the weekend.","reading":"なるから、しゅうまつにはいえにかえるそうです。","words":[{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"週","gloss":"weekend","reading":"しゅう"},{"text":"まつ","gloss":"weekend"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かえる","gloss":"return"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.015.m4a"},{"number":169,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.016","source":"好きで 病気に なる人が 居ますか。","translation":"Is there anyone who gets sick because they want to?","reading":"すきでびょうきになるひとがいますか。","words":[{"text":"好き","gloss":"by choice","reading":"すき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by choice"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"get"},{"text":"人","gloss":"anyone","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.016.m4a"},{"number":170,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.017","source":"人は けっして 病気に なりませんか。","translation":"Do people never get sick?","reading":"ひとはけっしてびょうきになりませんか。","words":[{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"けっして","gloss":"never"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.017.m4a"},{"number":171,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.018","source":"かぜを ひくと、 のどや あたまが いたい 事が ありますか。","translation":"When you catch a cold, do you sometimes have a sore throat or a headache?","reading":"かぜをひくと、のどやあたまがいたいことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひく","gloss":"catch"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"},{"text":"や","gloss":"or"},{"text":"あたま","gloss":"head"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたい","gloss":"hurt"},{"text":"事","gloss":"times","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"occur"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ずい分","gloss":"very much"},{"word":"この頃","gloss":"these days, nowadays"},{"word":"ひく","gloss":"to subtract (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contagious disease questions · Questions 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Patients, hospitals, and treatment","paragraphs":["*どんな 病人が 入院しますか* asks \"What kind of patients enter a hospital?\"","An answer identifies seriously ill or contagious patients.","Other answers explain why they enter a hospital and what a doctor does."]}],"lines":[{"number":172,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.019","source":"わるい でんせん病に かかる人が 多いですか。","translation":"Are there many people who contract serious contagious diseases?","reading":"わるいでんせんびょうにかかるひとがおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"わるい","gloss":"serious"},{"text":"でん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.019.m4a"},{"number":173,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.020","source":"わかい 元気な人は 病気に なりませんか。","translation":"Do young, healthy people never get sick?","reading":"わかいげんきなひとはびょうきになりませんか。","words":[{"text":"わかい","gloss":"young"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"healthy","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"な","gloss":"healthy"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.020.m4a"},{"number":174,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.021","source":"だれが 医者に かかりますか。","translation":"Who sees a doctor?","reading":"だれがいしゃにかかりますか。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかり","gloss":"see"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.021.m4a"},{"number":175,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.022","source":"どんな 病人が 入院しますか。","translation":"What kind of patients enter a hospital?","reading":"どんなびょうにんがにゅういんしますか。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"病人","gloss":"patients","reading":"びょうにん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.022.m4a"},{"number":176,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.023","source":"外の人に うつる、 大へん わるい 病気は 何と 言いますか。","translation":"What do you call a very serious illness that spreads to other people?","reading":"ほかのひとにうつる、たいへんわるいびょうきはなんといいますか。","words":[{"text":"外","gloss":"other","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"うつる、","gloss":"spread"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"わるい","gloss":"serious"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"call","reading":"いい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.023.m4a"},{"number":177,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.024","source":"でんせん病に かかった人は なぜ 入院する 方が いいですか。","translation":"Why should people who have contracted a contagious disease enter a hospital?","reading":"でんせんびょうにかかったひとはなぜにゅういんするほうがいいですか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalization","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"方","gloss":"way","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.024.m4a"},{"number":178,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.025","source":"医者は どうしますか。","translation":"What does a doctor do?","reading":"いしゃはどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.025.m4a"},{"number":179,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.026","source":"上田さんは 今 どこに 居ますか。","translation":"Where is Mr. Uyeda now?","reading":"うえださんはいまどこにいますか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"居","gloss":"be","reading":"い"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.026.m4a"},{"number":180,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.027","source":"上田さんは ねつが ありましたか。","translation":"Did Mr. Uyeda have a fever?","reading":"うえださんはねつがありましたか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.027.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"うつる、","gloss":"to infect, contract, catch"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Hospital recovery questions · Questions 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The cause and the result","paragraphs":["*上田さんは、 なぜ 歩けませんでしたか* asks for the cause of Mr. Uyeda's inability to walk.","*上田さんは くすりを のんだら、 じきに よく なりましたか* asks whether recovery followed taking medicine.","An answer states the cause, result, time, or cost named in the passage."]}],"lines":[{"number":181,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.028","source":"上田さんは、 なぜ 歩けませんでしたか。","translation":"Why couldn't Mr. Uyeda walk?","reading":"うえださんは、なぜあるけませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"歩け","gloss":"can walk","reading":"あるけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.028.m4a"},{"number":182,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.029","source":"重い 病気の人は 働けませんか。","translation":"Are seriously ill people unable to work?","reading":"おもいびょうきのひとははたらけませんか。","words":[{"text":"重い","gloss":"serious","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"働け","gloss":"can work","reading":"はたらけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.029.m4a"},{"number":183,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.030","source":"上田さんは くすりを のんだら、 じきに よく なりましたか。","translation":"Did Mr. Uyeda get better soon after taking the medicine?","reading":"うえださんはくすりをのんだら、じきによくなりましたか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"のん","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"だら、","gloss":"after"},{"text":"じき","gloss":"soon"},{"text":"に","gloss":"soon"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.030.m4a"},{"number":184,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.031","source":"病院に 長くいると、 ひようが 高いですか。","translation":"Does it cost a lot to stay in the hospital for a long time?","reading":"びょういんにながくいると、ひようがたかいですか。","words":[{"text":"病院","gloss":"hospital","reading":"びょういん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"長く","gloss":"long","reading":"ながく"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ひ","gloss":"expense"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"expense"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"high","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.031.m4a"},{"number":185,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.032","source":"上田さんは いつ 家へ かえりますか。","translation":"When will Mr. Uyeda return home?","reading":"うえださんはいついえへかえりますか。","words":[{"text":"上田","gloss":"Uyeda","reading":"うえだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"かえり","gloss":"return"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.032.m4a"},{"number":186,"id":"ja.dli.L034.q.033","source":"この頃は いい くすりが 沢山 ありますか。","translation":"Are there many good medicines these days?","reading":"このごろはいいくすりがたくさんありますか。","words":[{"text":"この頃","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicines"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.q.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Hospital and illness words · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Illness and hospital care","paragraphs":["These words cover patients, symptoms, and medical care.","*病院* means \"hospital,\" and *病人* means \"sick person, patient.\"","*ねつ* means \"fever.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":187,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.001","source":"病院","translation":"hospital","reading":"びょういん","words":[{"text":"病院","gloss":"hospital","reading":"びょういん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.001.m4a"},{"number":188,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.002","source":"病人","translation":"sick person, patient","reading":"びょうにん","words":[{"text":"病人","gloss":"sick person","reading":"びょうにん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.002.m4a"},{"number":189,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.003","source":"でんせん病","translation":"contagious disease","reading":"でんせんびょう","words":[{"text":"でんせん病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"でんせんびょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.003.m4a"},{"number":190,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.004","source":"医者","translation":"medical doctor","reading":"いしゃ","words":[{"text":"医者","gloss":"medical doctor","reading":"いしゃ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.004.m4a"},{"number":191,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.005","source":"くすり","translation":"medicine","reading":"くすり","words":[{"text":"くすり","gloss":"medicine"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.005.m4a"},{"number":192,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.006","source":"せき","translation":"cough","reading":"せき","words":[{"text":"せき","gloss":"cough"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.006.m4a"},{"number":193,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.007","source":"ねつ","translation":"fever","reading":"ねつ","words":[{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.007.m4a"},{"number":194,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.008","source":"のど","translation":"throat","reading":"のど","words":[{"text":"のど","gloss":"throat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.008.m4a"},{"number":195,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.009","source":"あたま","translation":"head","reading":"あたま","words":[{"text":"あたま","gloss":"head"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.009.m4a"},{"number":196,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.010","source":"手当","translation":"medical treatment","reading":"てあて","words":[{"text":"手当","gloss":"medical treatment","reading":"てあて"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.010.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"でんせん病","gloss":"contagious disease"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Health and activity words · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Health and activity","paragraphs":["These words cover health, hospitalization, infection, exercise, and ability.","*けんこう* means \"health.\" *歩ける* and *動ける* mean \"to be able to walk\" and \"to be able to move.\"","The last two entries are potential forms."]}],"lines":[{"number":197,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.011","source":"者","translation":"person","reading":"もの","words":[{"text":"者","gloss":"person","reading":"もの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.011.m4a"},{"number":198,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.012","source":"えいせい","translation":"sanitation, health","reading":"えいせい","words":[{"text":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation or health"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.012.m4a"},{"number":199,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.013","source":"ひよう","translation":"expense","reading":"ひよう","words":[{"text":"ひよう","gloss":"expense"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.013.m4a"},{"number":200,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.014","source":"けんこう","translation":"health","reading":"けんこう","words":[{"text":"けんこう","gloss":"health"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.014.m4a"},{"number":201,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.015","source":"入院する","translation":"to be hospitalized","reading":"にゅういんする","words":[{"text":"入院する","gloss":"be hospitalized","reading":"にゅういんする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.015.m4a"},{"number":202,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.016","source":"歩ける","translation":"to be able to walk (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"あるける","words":[{"text":"歩ける","gloss":"be able to walk","reading":"あるける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.016.m4a"},{"number":203,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.017","source":"動ける","translation":"to be able to move","reading":"うごける","words":[{"text":"動ける","gloss":"be able to move","reading":"うごける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.017.m4a"},{"number":204,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.018","source":"うつる","translation":"to infect, contract, catch","reading":"うつる","words":[{"text":"うつる","gloss":"catch an infection"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.018.m4a"},{"number":205,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.019","source":"かかる","translation":"to consult, to contract, to be attacked by","reading":"かかる","words":[{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contract or consult"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.019.m4a"},{"number":206,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.020","source":"うん動する","translation":"to exercise","reading":"うんどうする","words":[{"text":"うん動する","gloss":"exercise","reading":"うんどうする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ひよう","gloss":"expense"},{"word":"入院する","gloss":"to be hospitalized"},{"word":"歩ける","gloss":"to be able to walk (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"動ける","gloss":"to be able to move"},{"word":"うつる","gloss":"to infect, contract, catch"},{"word":"うん動する","gloss":"to exercise"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Symptoms and recovery words · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Symptoms and recovery","paragraphs":["These words cover medicine, pain, symptoms, and recovery.","*のむ* means \"to drink, to take,\" including taking medicine. *なおる* means \"to get well, to be repaired.\"","*せきが出る* means \"to cough.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":207,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.021","source":"のむ","translation":"to drink, to take","reading":"のむ","words":[{"text":"のむ","gloss":"drink or take"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.021.m4a"},{"number":208,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.022","source":"なおる","translation":"to get well, to be repaired","reading":"なおる","words":[{"text":"なおる","gloss":"recover or be repaired"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.022.m4a"},{"number":209,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.023","source":"こまる","translation":"to be troubled","reading":"こまる","words":[{"text":"こまる","gloss":"be troubled"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.023.m4a"},{"number":210,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.024","source":"いたい","translation":"painful","reading":"いたい","words":[{"text":"いたい","gloss":"painful"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.024.m4a"},{"number":211,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.025","source":"てきとうな","translation":"appropriate, proper","reading":"てきとうな","words":[{"text":"てきとうな","gloss":"appropriate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.025.m4a"},{"number":212,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.026","source":"大切な","translation":"important","reading":"たいせつな","words":[{"text":"大切な","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつな"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.026.m4a"},{"number":213,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.027","source":"病気をする","translation":"to get sick","reading":"びょうきをする","words":[{"text":"病気をする","gloss":"get sick","reading":"びょうきをする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.027.m4a"},{"number":214,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.028","source":"病気が重い","translation":"illness is serious","reading":"びょうきがおもい","words":[{"text":"病気が重い","gloss":"illness is serious","reading":"びょうきがおもい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.028.m4a"},{"number":215,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.029","source":"ねつがある","translation":"to have fever","reading":"ねつがある","words":[{"text":"ねつがある","gloss":"have a fever"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.029.m4a"},{"number":216,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.030","source":"せきが出る","translation":"to cough","reading":"せきがでる","words":[{"text":"せきが出る","gloss":"cough","reading":"せきがでる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.030.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なおる","gloss":"to get well, to be repaired"},{"word":"こまる","gloss":"to be troubled"},{"word":"てきとうな","gloss":"appropriate, proper"},{"word":"大切な","gloss":"important"},{"word":"病気をする","gloss":"to get sick"},{"word":"病気が重い","gloss":"illness is serious"},{"word":"ねつがある","gloss":"to have fever"},{"word":"せきが出る","gloss":"to cough"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Medical conditions and connectors · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Care and conditions","paragraphs":["These entries cover medical care and the forms used for conditions and contrasts.","*医者にかかる* means \"to go under doctor's care, to consult a doctor.\"","*--でも* means \"even, even if it is --.\" *--ては* means \"if.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":217,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.031","source":"医者にかかる","translation":"to go under doctor's care, to consult a doctor","reading":"いしゃにかかる","words":[{"text":"医者にかかる","gloss":"consult a doctor","reading":"いしゃにかかる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.031.m4a"},{"number":218,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.032","source":"好きで","translation":"for the fun of it, by choice","reading":"すきで","words":[{"text":"好きで","gloss":"by choice","reading":"すきで"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.032.m4a"},{"number":219,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.033","source":"--でも","translation":"even, even if it is --","reading":"--でも","words":[{"text":"--でも","gloss":"even if"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.033.m4a"},{"number":220,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.034","source":"では","translation":"if that's the case","reading":"では","words":[{"text":"では","gloss":"if so"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.034.m4a"},{"number":221,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.035","source":"--では","translation":"if, if it is, judging from (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--では","words":[{"text":"--では","gloss":"if it is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.035.m4a"},{"number":222,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.036","source":"--たら","translation":"if, when (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--たら","words":[{"text":"--たら","gloss":"if or when"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.036.m4a"},{"number":223,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.037","source":"--ては","translation":"if (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--ては","words":[{"text":"--ては","gloss":"if"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.037.m4a"},{"number":224,"id":"ja.dli.L034.w.038","source":"ちょっと","translation":"a little","reading":"ちょっと","words":[{"text":"ちょっと","gloss":"a little"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L034.w.038.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"医者にかかる","gloss":"to go under doctor's care, to consult a doctor"},{"word":"好きで","gloss":"for the fun of it, by choice"},{"word":"--でも","gloss":"even, even if it is --"},{"word":"では","gloss":"if that's the case"},{"word":"--たら","gloss":"if, when (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"--ては","gloss":"if (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]}]}