{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L037","title":"Lesson 37","stage":"Kanji and everyday Japanese","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 37: shopping for vegetables and meat · dialogue 1 of 4, gathering ingredients for sukiyaki · dialogue 2 of 4, seasoning and choosing beef · dialogue 3 of 4, arranging help with cooking · dialogue 4 of 4, talking about past experience · perception drill, expressing uncertainty about facts · perception drill, doing nothing but one thing · perception drill, saying any kind will do · perception drill, things experienced and never experienced · pattern 1 1 of 2, asking about life experiences · pattern 1 2 of 2, not knowing whether something is true · pattern 2 1 of 2, uncertainty about states and events · pattern 2 2 of 2, doing only one activity · pattern 3 1 of 2, contrasting only with also · pattern 3 2 of 2, accepting any suitable option · pattern 4, exploring shops at a market · reading selection 1 of 3, buying sukiyaki ingredients · reading selection 2 of 3, cooking sukiyaki with a friend · reading selection 3 of 3, asking about the market visit · questions 1 of 2, asking about sukiyaki shopping · questions 2 of 2, common vegetables and greengrocers · word list 1 of 5, more vegetables and market foods · word list 2 of 5, meat and seasoning words · word list 3 of 5, cooking actions and grammar words · word list 4 of 5, additional vegetable words · word list 5 of 5.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/37","lines":221},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/36","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/38","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Shopping for vegetables and meat · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Vegetables from the greengrocer","paragraphs":["One speaker asks where the other buys vegetables. *八百屋へ 行きます* means \"I go to a green grocery store.\"","The greengrocer sells carrots, radishes, cucumbers, lettuce, spinach, and peas. Department stores and grocery stores are other choices."]},{"title":"Kanji: 肉","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.001","source":"「すきやき」","translation":"Sukiyaki","reading":"「すきやき」","words":[{"text":"「すきやき」","gloss":"Sukiyaki"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.002","source":"あなたは やさいを 買いたい 時には、 どこへ 行きますか。","translation":"Where do you, when you want to buy vegetables?","reading":"あなたはやさいをかいたいときには、どこへいきますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.003","source":"八百屋へ 行きます。 しかし、 デパートや 食料品店へ 行く人も あります。","translation":"I go to a green grocery store. However, there are people who go to a department store and grocery store.","reading":"やおやへいきます。しかし、デパートやしょくりょうひんてんへいくひともあります。","words":[{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"greengrocer","reading":"やおや"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"デパート","gloss":"department store"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"食料","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"品","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"店","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.004","source":"八百屋では、 どんな やさいを 売っていますか。","translation":"What sort of vegetables do they sell at a green grocery store?","reading":"やおやでは、どんなやさいをうっていますか。","words":[{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"greengrocer","reading":"やおや"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"are selling","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.005","source":"そうですね。 にんじん、 だいこん、 きゅうり、 レタス、 ほうれんそう、 えんどう など 売っています。","translation":"Well, let me see, they sell carrots, radishes, cucumbers, spinach, lettuce, peas, etc.","reading":"そうですね。にんじん、だいこん、きゅうり、レタス、ほうれんそう、えんどうなどうっています。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"にんじん、","gloss":"carrots"},{"text":"だいこん、","gloss":"radishes"},{"text":"きゅうり、","gloss":"cucumbers"},{"text":"レタス、","gloss":"lettuce"},{"text":"ほうれん","gloss":"spinach"},{"text":"そう、","gloss":"spinach"},{"text":"えんどう","gloss":"peas"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"are selling","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are selling"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.006","source":"肉は どこで 買いますか。","translation":"Where do you buy meat?","reading":"にくはどこでかいますか。","words":[{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"TA + KOTO GA ARIMASU\n\nWhen KOTO GA ARIMASU follows the past tense of a verb, it signifies an action or state in the past. KOTO GA ARIMASU literally means \"there is a fact,\" but since it expresses the past, it is expressed in the present perfect tense 'have (ever) done so and so.'\n\nExamples:\n\nNIPPON NO EIGA O MITA KOTO GA ARIMASU KA. \"Have you ever seen a Japanese movie?\"\n\nNIPPON NO EIGA O MITA KOTO GA ARIMASU. \"I have seen a Japanese movie.\"\n\nor\n\n\"I have an experience of seeing a Japanese movie.\"\n\nNIPPON NO EIGA O MITA KOTO WA ARIMASEN. \"I have never seen a Japanese movie.\""},{"section":2,"text":"Question(s) within a longer sentence\n\n--KA -- KA SHIRIMASEN, 'whether -- or --'\n\nExamples:\n\nSENSEI KA, SEITO KA WAKARIMASEN. \"I don't know whether he is a teacher or a student.\"\n\nII KA, WARUI KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know whether it's good or bad.\"\n\nTABERU KA, TABENAI KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know whether he eats it or not.\"\n\n--KA -- DOO KA, 'whether -- or not'\n\nExamples:\n\nTABERU KA DOO KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know whether he eats it or not.\"\n\nII KA DOO KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know whether it's good or not.\"\n\nBENRI KA DOO KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know whether it's convenient or not.\""},{"section":3,"text":"BAKARI 'only'\n\nFollowing substantives, BAKARI means 'only.'\n\nExamples:\n\nSOKO NIWA SHIRANAI HITO BAKARI IMASHITA. \"There were only people whom I did not know.\"\n\nANO HITO WA ZASSHI BAKARI YONDE IMASU. \"He is reading nothing but magazines.\"\n\nWATAKUSHI BAKARI GA IKU NO DESU. \"Only I am going.\"\n\nBAKARI sometimes replaces particles like GA and O, but usually it occurs between the substantive and these particles."},{"section":4,"text":"DONNA NO DEMO\n\n'any kind,' 'no matter what kind it is'\n\nKONNA NO DEMO\n\n'even one like this; this sort of thing'\n\nSONNA NO DEMO\n\nANNA NO DEMO\n\n'even something like that; that sort of thing'\n\nThese idioms should be committed to memory, especially DONNA NO DEMO which defies literal translation. These phrases occur most commonly as the object of a verb. Only in the case of ARIMASU may they occur as the subject. When these phrases are used, the case particles O, GA, and WA denote the direct object."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"「すきやき」","gloss":"SUKIYAKI"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"八百屋","gloss":"green grocer"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"店","gloss":"store, shop"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"にんじん、","gloss":"carrot"},{"word":"だいこん、","gloss":"(Japanese) DAIKON radish"},{"word":"きゅうり、","gloss":"cucumber"},{"word":"レタス、","gloss":"lettuce"},{"word":"えんどう","gloss":"pea"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"肉","gloss":"meat, flesh"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Gathering ingredients for sukiyaki · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Meat and other ingredients","paragraphs":["A meat market sells beef, pork, and fowl. *肉屋で 買います* means \"I buy it at a meat market.\"","For sukiyaki, the speaker names beef, green onions, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, *しらたき*, and bean curd."]},{"title":"Kanji: 住, 牛, 鳥","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.007","source":"肉屋で 買います。 肉屋では、 牛肉、 ぶた肉、 鳥の肉 など 売っています。","translation":"I buy it at a meat market. They sell beef, pork, fowl, etc., at a meat market.","reading":"にくやでかいます。にくやでは、ぎゅうにく、ぶたにく、とりのにくなどうっています。","words":[{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher shop","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher shop","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"牛肉、","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"ぶた肉、","gloss":"pork","reading":"ぶたにく"},{"text":"鳥","gloss":"bird","reading":"とり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"are selling","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are selling"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.008","source":"では、 店の近くに 住んでいると 便利ですね。","translation":"Then, it is convenient if you live near a store, isn't it?","reading":"では、みせのちかくにすんでいるとべんりですね。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"live","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"live"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"live"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"便利","gloss":"convenient","reading":"べんり"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.009","source":"ええ、 ですから、 家を 買ったり、 かりたりする 時には 店の近くに 家を さがします。","translation":"Yes, it is. Therefore, when one buys a house or rents a house, he looks for a house near a store.","reading":"ええ、ですから、いえをかったり、かりたりするときにはみせのちかくにいえをさがします。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買っ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かっ"},{"text":"たり、","gloss":"or"},{"text":"かり","gloss":"rent"},{"text":"たり","gloss":"or"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"near"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"さがし","gloss":"look for"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.010","source":"私は すきやきを りょうりしたいのですが、 どんな 物が いりますか。","translation":"I want to cook Sukiyaki. What sort of things do I need?","reading":"わたくしはすきやきをりょうりしたいのですが、どんなものがいりますか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.011","source":"そうですね。 まず 牛肉、 それから、 ねぎ、 たけのこ、 きのこ、 しらたき、 とうふ などです。","translation":"Well, let me see. First of all, beef, and then green onions, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, SHIRATAKI, bean curd, and other ingredients.","reading":"そうですね。まずぎゅうにく、それから、ねぎ、たけのこ、きのこ、しらたき、とうふなどです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"まず","gloss":"first"},{"text":"牛肉、","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"ねぎ、","gloss":"green onions"},{"text":"たけのこ、","gloss":"bamboo shoots"},{"text":"きのこ、","gloss":"mushrooms"},{"text":"しらたき、","gloss":"shirataki noodles"},{"text":"とうふ","gloss":"tofu"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.012","source":"しおや さとうを 使いますか。","translation":"Do you use salt and sugar?","reading":"しおやさとうをつかいますか。","words":[{"text":"しお","gloss":"salt"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"肉屋","gloss":"meat shop, butcher shop"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"は、","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"牛肉、","gloss":"beef"},{"word":"ぶた肉、","gloss":"pork"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"近く","gloss":"vicinity"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"すきやき","gloss":"SUKIYAKI"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"まず","gloss":"first, first of all"},{"word":"ねぎ、","gloss":"green onion"},{"word":"たけのこ、","gloss":"bamboo shoot"},{"word":"きのこ、","gloss":"mushroom"},{"word":"しらたき、","gloss":"noodles made from devil's tongue starch"},{"word":"とうふ","gloss":"bean curd"},{"word":"しお","gloss":"salt"},{"word":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Seasoning and choosing beef · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Choosing the beef","paragraphs":["The speakers discuss seasoning and beef for sukiyaki. *どんなのでも いいです* means \"any cut is all right.\"","One speaker eats *肉ばかり*, \"nothing but meat,\" when eating sukiyaki."]},{"title":"An uncertain result","paragraphs":["*まだ 自分で やった事は ない* says the speaker has never cooked it before.","*おいしいのが 出来るか どうか わかりません* means the speaker does not know whether it will turn out delicious."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.013","source":"しおは 使いません。 そのかわり、 しょうゆと さとうを 使います。","translation":"We don't use salt. In its place we use soy sauce and sugar.","reading":"しおはつかいません。そのかわり、しょうゆとさとうをつかいます。","words":[{"text":"しお","gloss":"salt"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"その","gloss":"its"},{"text":"かわり、","gloss":"place"},{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.014","source":"牛肉は どんなのが よいですか。","translation":"What kind of beef is good?","reading":"ぎゅうにくはどんなのがよいですか。","words":[{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.015","source":"すきやきに 使う 肉と 言えば、 肉屋さんが てきとうなのを くれます。 でも 日本の 牛肉は やわらかくて、 おいしいから、 どんなのでも いいです。","translation":"If you say beef for SUKIYAKI, the butcher will give you suitable meat. However, Japanese beef is tender and delicious, so any cut is all right.","reading":"すきやきにつかうにくといえば、にくやさんがてきとうなのをくれます。でもにほんのぎゅうにくはやわらかくて、おいしいから、どんなのでもいいです。","words":[{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"say","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher shop","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"てきとう","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"な","gloss":"is"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"give me"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"で","gloss":"however"},{"text":"も","gloss":"however"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やわらかく","gloss":"tender"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"fine"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.016","source":"私は 肉が 好きですから、 すきやきを 食べる 時には 肉ばかり 食べるんです。","translation":"Since I like beef, when I eat SUKIYAKI, I eat nothing but meat.","reading":"わたくしはにくがすきですから、すきやきをたべるときにはにくばかりたべるんです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"like","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.017","source":"私も そうなんです。 それはそうと、 あなたは 自分で すきやきを りょうりするのですか。","translation":"I'm that way, too. By the way, do you cook SUKIYAKI yourself?","reading":"わたくしもそうなんです。それはそうと、あなたはじぶんですきやきをりょうりするのですか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"も","gloss":"too"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that way"},{"text":"な","gloss":"that way"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"that way"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"that way"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"by the way"},{"text":"は","gloss":"by the way"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"by the way"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"by the way"},{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"yourself","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.018","source":"ええ、 だが、 まだ 自分で やった事は ないのですから、 おいしいのが 出来るか どうか わかりません。","translation":"Yes, but since I have never done it before, I don't know whether it will turn out delicious or not.","reading":"ええ、だが、まだじぶんでやったことはないのですから、おいしいのができるかどうかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"oneself","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"やっ","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"never"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"turn out","reading":"できる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"word":"牛肉","gloss":"beef"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"使う","gloss":"to use, employ"},{"word":"おいしい","gloss":"tasty, delicious"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"自分","gloss":"self"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"出来る","gloss":"to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Arranging help with cooking · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Help at about five","paragraphs":["One speaker offers to help, and the other accepts. *どうぞ 手つだってください* means \"please help me.\"","*五時頃 来ます* means \"I will come around five o'clock.\" The other speaker will be waiting."]},{"title":"Kanji: 待","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.019","source":"では、 私が 手つだいましょうか。","translation":"Shall I help you, then?","reading":"では、わたくしがてつだいましょうか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"手つだい","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだい"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.020","source":"ええ、 どうぞ 手つだってください。","translation":"Yes, please help me.","reading":"ええ、どうぞてつだってください。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"please help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"please help"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please help"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.021","source":"よろしい。 では 五時頃 来ます。","translation":"All right. I'll come around five o'clock, then.","reading":"よろしい。ではごじごろきます。","words":[{"text":"よろしい。","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は","gloss":"then"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five o’clock"},{"text":"時","gloss":"five o’clock"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"around"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L037.dlg.022","source":"ええ、 待っています。","translation":"Yes, I'll be waiting.","reading":"ええ、まっています。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"待っ","gloss":"will be waiting","reading":"まっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"will be waiting"},{"text":"い","gloss":"will be waiting"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"will be waiting"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.dlg.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ましょう","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ください。","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"よろしい。","gloss":"good!"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"頃","gloss":"approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Talking about past experience · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"An experience at some time","paragraphs":["*あなたは 日本へ 行った事が ありますか* means \"Have you ever been to Japan?\" The past verb names the experience."]},{"title":"Experience and no experience","paragraphs":["*事が あります* after a past-tense verb says that the action occurred at some time.","For the negative, *が* changes to *は*. *まだ 日本へ 行った事は ありません* means \"I have not been to Japan yet.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.01","source":"見た 事はありません。","translation":"I have never seen it before.","reading":"みたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"have never"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.02","source":"あなたは 日本へ 行った事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever been to Japan?","reading":"あなたはにほんへいったことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.03","source":"いいえ、 まだ 日本へ 行った事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have not been to Japan yet.","reading":"いいえ、まだにほんへいったことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have not"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"have not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.04","source":"あなたは すきやきを 食べた事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever eaten sukiyaki?","reading":"あなたはすきやきをたべたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.05","source":"いいえ、 まだ すきやきを 食べた事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have not eaten sukiyaki yet.","reading":"いいえ、まだすきやきをたべたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have not"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"have not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.06","source":"外国語を 習った事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever studied a foreign language?","reading":"がいこくごをならったことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"外国","gloss":"foreign language","reading":"がいこく"},{"text":"語","gloss":"foreign language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習っ","gloss":"study","reading":"ならっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.07","source":"はい、 外国語を 習った事が あります。","translation":"Yes, I have studied a foreign language.","reading":"はい、がいこくごをならったことがあります。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"外国","gloss":"foreign language","reading":"がいこく"},{"text":"語","gloss":"foreign language","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習っ","gloss":"study","reading":"ならっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.08","source":"日本ざっしを 読んだ事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever read a Japanese magazine?","reading":"にほんざっしをよんだことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese magazine","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"Japanese magazine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"read","reading":"よん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.09","source":"いいえ、 日本ざっしを 読んだ事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have never read a Japanese magazine.","reading":"いいえ、にほんざっしをよんだことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese magazine","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"Japanese magazine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"read","reading":"よん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"have never"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.10","source":"着物を 着た事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever worn a kimono?","reading":"きものをきたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"着物","gloss":"kimono","reading":"きもの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have ever"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp1.11","source":"いいえ、 着物を 着た事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have never worn a kimono.","reading":"いいえ、きものをきたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"着物","gloss":"kimono","reading":"きもの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have never"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"have never"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp1.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Expressing uncertainty about facts · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"A question inside a statement","paragraphs":["*スミスさんは 日本語を 話すか どうか 知りません* means \"I do not know whether Mr. Smith speaks Japanese.\""]},{"title":"Whether or not","paragraphs":["A question can stand inside a longer sentence. *かどうか* means \"whether or not.\"","*山本さんは 耳が 遠いか どうか 知りません* means \"I do not know whether Mr. Yamamoto is hard of hearing.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.01","source":"スミスさんは 日本語を 話しますか。","translation":"Does Mr. Smith speak Japanese?","reading":"スミスさんはにほんごをはなしますか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.02","source":"スミスさんは 日本語を 話すか どうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether Mr. Smith speaks Japanese.","reading":"スミスさんはにほんごをはなすかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speaks","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.03","source":"ジョンズさんは さかなを 食べますか。","translation":"Does Mr. Jones eat fish?","reading":"ジョンズさんはさかなをたべますか。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.04","source":"ジョンズさんが さかなを 食べるか どうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether Mr. Jones eats fish.","reading":"ジョンズさんがさかなをたべるかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.05","source":"山本さんは 耳が 遠いですか。","translation":"Is Mr. Yamamoto hard of hearing?","reading":"やまもとさんはみみがとおいですか。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"耳","gloss":"hard of hearing","reading":"みみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"hard of hearing"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"hard of hearing","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.06","source":"山本さんは 耳が 遠いか どうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether Mr. Yamamoto is hard of hearing.","reading":"やまもとさんはみみがとおいかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"耳","gloss":"hard of hearing","reading":"みみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"hard of hearing"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"hard of hearing","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.07","source":"あの生徒は 日曜にも べんきょうしますか。","translation":"Does that student study on Sundays too?","reading":"あのせいとはにちようにもべんきょうしますか。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日曜","gloss":"Sundays","reading":"にちよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"も","gloss":"too"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.08","source":"あの生徒が 日曜に べんきょうするか どうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether that student studies on Sundays.","reading":"あのせいとがにちようにべんきょうするかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"日曜","gloss":"Sundays","reading":"にちよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.09","source":"この本は 安いですか。","translation":"Is this book inexpensive?","reading":"このほんはやすいですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"安い","gloss":"inexpensive","reading":"やすい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.09.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp2.10","source":"その本が 安いか どうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether that book is inexpensive.","reading":"そのほんがやすいかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"安い","gloss":"inexpensive","reading":"やすい"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or not"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp2.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"word":"遠い","gloss":"far"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Doing nothing but one thing · Perception drill, Block 3","teaching":[{"title":"Nothing but kanji","paragraphs":["*あの生徒は かん字ばかり べんきょうします* means \"That student studies nothing but kanji.\" The marked noun is the sole object."]},{"title":"The sole thing or activity","paragraphs":["*ばかり* follows a noun and means \"only\" or \"nothing but.\" It can replace a particle such as *を*.","*この学校では 話す事ばかり 習うのですか* asks whether speaking is the only activity learned."]}],"lines":[{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.01","source":"あの生徒は かん字ばかり べんきょうします。","translation":"That student studies nothing but kanji.","reading":"あのせいとはかんじばかりべんきょうします。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.01.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.02","source":"本ばかり 読みます。","translation":"I read nothing but books.","reading":"ほんばかりよみます。","words":[{"text":"本","gloss":"books","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"読み","gloss":"read","reading":"よみ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.02.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.03","source":"夏服ばかり 着ます。","translation":"I wear nothing but summer clothes.","reading":"なつふくばかりきます。","words":[{"text":"夏服","gloss":"summer clothes","reading":"なつふく"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.03.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.04","source":"さかなばかり 食べます。","translation":"I eat nothing but fish.","reading":"さかなばかりたべます。","words":[{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.04.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.05","source":"べんきょうばかりします。","translation":"I do nothing but study.","reading":"べんきょうばかりします。","words":[{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.05.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.06","source":"田中さんは いつも ざっしを 読んでいますね。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka is always reading magazines, isn’t he?","reading":"たなかさんはいつもざっしをよんでいますね。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazines"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"is always reading","reading":"よん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is always reading"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is always reading"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is always reading"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.06.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.07","source":"田中さんは ざっしを 読むのが 好きですから。","translation":"That is because Mr. Tanaka likes reading magazines.","reading":"たなかさんはざっしをよむのがすきですから。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazines"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"reading","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.07.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.08","source":"この通りには 本屋ばかり ありますね。","translation":"There are nothing but bookstores on this street, aren’t there?","reading":"このとおりにはほんやばかりありますね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"通り","gloss":"street","reading":"とおり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"本屋","gloss":"bookstores","reading":"ほんや"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.08.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.09","source":"ええ、 近くに 学校が ありますから。","translation":"Yes, because there is a school nearby.","reading":"ええ、ちかくにがっこうがありますから。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"there is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.09.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.10","source":"この学校では 話す事ばかり 習うのですか。","translation":"At this school, do you learn nothing but speaking?","reading":"このがっこうでははなすことばかりならうのですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speaking","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.10.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.11","source":"いいえ、 書く事も 読む事も 習います。","translation":"No, we learn both writing and reading.","reading":"いいえ、かくこともよむこともならいます。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"writing","reading":"かく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"reading","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"習い","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.11.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.12","source":"パーカーさんは 高い物ばかり 買いますね。","translation":"Mr. Parker buys nothing but expensive things, doesn’t he?","reading":"パーカーさんはたかいものばかりかいますね。","words":[{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"nothing but"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.12.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp3.13","source":"ええ、 パーカーさんは お金が ありますから。","translation":"Yes, because Mr. Parker has money.","reading":"ええ、パーカーさんはおかねがありますから。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"money"},{"text":"金","gloss":"money","reading":"かね"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"has"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"has"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp3.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"夏服","gloss":"summer suit"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"から。","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"通り","gloss":"street"},{"word":"本屋","gloss":"bookshop"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying any kind will do · Perception drill, Block 4","teaching":[{"title":"Even one like this","paragraphs":["*こんなのでも あつめていますか* means \"do you collect even ones like this?\" The form refers to the example near the speaker."]},{"title":"Any kind","paragraphs":["*どんなのでも* means \"any kind\" or \"no matter what kind it is.\" The whole phrase commonly stands as a verb's object.","*どんなのでも あつめています* means \"I collect all kinds.\" *そんなのでも* and *あんなのでも* refer to kinds like that."]}],"lines":[{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.01","source":"どんなのでも","translation":"no matter what kind it is\" or \"any kind","reading":"どんなのでも","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.01.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.02","source":"こんなのでも","translation":"Even something like this.","reading":"こんなのでも","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.02.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.03","source":"そんなのでも","translation":"Even something like that.","reading":"そんなのでも","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"like that"},{"text":"の","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.03.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.04","source":"あんなのでも","translation":"Even something like that over there.","reading":"あんなのでも","words":[{"text":"あんな","gloss":"like that over there"},{"text":"の","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.04.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.05","source":"あなたは 切手を あつめているそうですが、 こんなのでも あつめていますか。","translation":"I hear that you collect stamps; do you collect even ones like this?","reading":"あなたはきってをあつめているそうですが、こんなのでもあつめていますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"stamps","reading":"きって"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"あつめ","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"て","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あつめ","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"て","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"い","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.05.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.06","source":"はい、 どんなのでも あつめています。","translation":"Yes, I collect all kinds.","reading":"はい、どんなのでもあつめています。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"あつめ","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"て","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"い","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"collect"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.06.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.07","source":"あなたは 果物は どんなのでも 食べますか。","translation":"Do you eat every kind of fruit?","reading":"あなたはくだものはどんなのでもたべますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"果物","gloss":"fruit","reading":"くだもの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.07.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.08","source":"ええ、 どんなのでも 食べますよ。","translation":"Yes, I eat every kind.","reading":"ええ、どんなのでもたべますよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.08.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.09","source":"あなたは かん字を よく 知っていますが、 こんなのでも 知っていますか。","translation":"You know kanji well, but do you know even ones like this?","reading":"あなたはかんじをよくしっていますが、こんなのでもしっていますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"い","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"know"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"い","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"know"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.09.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.10","source":"いいえ、 そんなのは 知りません。","translation":"No, I do not know ones like that.","reading":"いいえ、そんなのはしりません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"like that"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.10.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.11","source":"あなたは ビールが 好きですが、 こんなのでも のみますか。","translation":"You like beer, but do you drink even beer like this?","reading":"あなたはビールがすきですが、こんなのでものみますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"like","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"のみ","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.11.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L037.gp4.12","source":"ええ、 どんなのでも のみますよ。","translation":"Yes, I drink any kind.","reading":"ええ、どんなのでものみますよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"any kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"kind"},{"text":"で","gloss":"any"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"のみ","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.gp4.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"},{"word":"果物","gloss":"fruit"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Things experienced and never experienced · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Something experienced","paragraphs":["*私は それを 見た 事が あります* means \"I have seen it before.\" This is the *事が あります* experience pattern."]},{"title":"Something never experienced","paragraphs":["*私は 海で およいだ事は ありません* means \"I have never swum in the ocean.\" The two forms contrast experience with no experience."]}],"lines":[{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.m1","source":"A. 私は それを 見た 事が あります。","translation":"I have seen it before.","reading":"A.わたくしはそれをみたことがあります。","words":[{"text":"A.","gloss":"speaker A"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.m2","source":"B. 私は まだ そんな物を 見た 事は ありません。","translation":"I have not seen a thing like that yet.","reading":"B.わたくしはまだそんなものをみたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"B.","gloss":"speaker B"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such a"},{"text":"物","gloss":"thing","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.m2.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.01","source":"私は 日本へ 行った事が あります。","translation":"I have been to Japan.","reading":"わたくしはにほんへいったことがあります。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.02","source":"私は 日本のなしを 食べた事が あります。","translation":"I have eaten a Japanese pear.","reading":"わたくしはにほんのなしをたべたことがあります。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"なし","gloss":"pear"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.03","source":"私は 時計を なおした事が あります。","translation":"I have repaired a watch.","reading":"わたくしはとけいをなおしたことがあります。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"時計","gloss":"watch","reading":"とけい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なおし","gloss":"repair"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.04","source":"私は 海で およいだ事は ありません。","translation":"I have never swum in the ocean.","reading":"わたくしはうみでおよいだことはありません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"海","gloss":"ocean","reading":"うみ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"およい","gloss":"swim"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.05","source":"私は 病気で 学校を 休んだ事は ありません。","translation":"I have never missed school because of illness.","reading":"わたくしはびょうきでがっこうをやすんだことはありません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"休ん","gloss":"miss","reading":"やすん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.06","source":"あなたは すきやきを 食べた事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever eaten sukiyaki?","reading":"あなたはすきやきをたべたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なし","gloss":"pear"},{"word":"海","gloss":"sea, ocean"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about life experiences · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Experience teaching Japanese","paragraphs":["*あなたは 日本語を おしえた事が ありますか* means \"Have you ever taught Japanese?\" The question asks about experience at any past time."]},{"title":"One experience but not another","paragraphs":["*えい語を おしえた事は ありますが、 日本語を おしえた事は ありません* contrasts teaching English with never teaching Japanese."]}],"lines":[{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.07","source":"いいえ、 まだ 食べた事は ありません。 一度 食べたいです。","translation":"No, I have not eaten it yet. I would like to eat it once.","reading":"いいえ、まだたべたことはありません。いちどたべたいです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"一","gloss":"once","reading":"いち"},{"text":"度","gloss":"once","reading":"ど"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.08","source":"あなたは 日本語を おしえた事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever taught Japanese?","reading":"あなたはにほんごをおしえたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"おしえ","gloss":"teach"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.09","source":"いいえ、 えい語を おしえた事は ありますが、 日本語を おしえた事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have taught English, but I have never taught Japanese.","reading":"いいえ、えいごをおしえたことはありますが、にほんごをおしえたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"えい語","gloss":"English"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"おしえ","gloss":"teach"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"おしえ","gloss":"teach"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.10","source":"あなたは アメリカに 住んでいた事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever lived in America?","reading":"あなたはアメリカにすんでいたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"アメリカ","gloss":"America"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lived","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"た","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.11","source":"いいえ、 アメリカに 住んでいた事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have never lived in America.","reading":"いいえ、アメリカにすんでいたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"アメリカ","gloss":"America"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lived","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"た","gloss":"lived"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.12","source":"あなたは 入院した事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever been hospitalized?","reading":"あなたはにゅういんしたことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalized","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt1.13","source":"いいえ、 医者に かかった事は ありますが、 入院した事は ありません。","translation":"No, I have seen a doctor, but I have never been hospitalized.","reading":"いいえ、いしゃにかかったことはありますが、にゅういんしたことはありません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"see"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"hospitalized","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt1.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"アメリカ","gloss":"America; U.S.A."},{"word":"医者","gloss":"medical doctor"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Not knowing whether something is true · Pattern 2 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"An uncertain past event","paragraphs":["*このかん字を 習ったかどうか おぼえていません* means \"I do not remember whether I learned this kanji.\"","This uses the *かどうか* uncertainty pattern with *おぼえていません*, \"I do not remember.\""]},{"title":"Uncertainty and experience","paragraphs":["*おいしいかどうか 知りません* means \"I do not know whether they are delicious.\"","The reason uses the experience form: *食べた事は ありませんから*, \"because I have never eaten one.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.m1","source":"A: あの人は 来るかどうか わかりません。","translation":"I don't know whether he will come or not.","reading":"A:あのひとはくるかどうかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"A:","gloss":"speaker A"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.m2","source":"B: そのなしは おいしいかどうか 知りません。","translation":"I don't know whether that pear is tasty or not.","reading":"B:そのなしはおいしいかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"B:","gloss":"speaker B"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"なし","gloss":"pear"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"tasty"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.m2.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.01","source":"あの人は 日本語を 話すかどうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether that person speaks Japanese.","reading":"あのひとはにほんごをはなすかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speaks","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.02","source":"田中さんは 今 家に 居るかどうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether Mr. Tanaka is at home now.","reading":"たなかさんはいまいえにいるかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"居る","gloss":"is","reading":"いる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.03","source":"このかん字を 習ったかどうか おぼえていません。","translation":"I do not remember whether I learned this kanji.","reading":"このかんじをならったかどうかおぼえていません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習っ","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"おぼえ","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"て","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"い","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not remember"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.04","source":"八百屋で 肉が 買えるかどうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether you can buy meat at a greengrocery.","reading":"やおやでにくがかえるかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"greengrocery","reading":"やおや"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"買える","gloss":"can buy","reading":"かえる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.05","source":"このオレンジは あまいかどうか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know whether this orange is sweet.","reading":"このオレンジはあまいかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"オレンジ","gloss":"orange"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あまい","gloss":"sweet"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.06","source":"日本のなしは おいしいですか。","translation":"Are Japanese pears delicious?","reading":"にほんのなしはおいしいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"なし","gloss":"pear"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.07","source":"さあ、 おいしいかどうか 知りません。 食べた事は ありませんから。","translation":"Well, I do not know whether they are delicious, because I have never eaten one.","reading":"さあ、おいしいかどうかしりません。たべたことはありませんから。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"あまい","gloss":"sweet"},{"word":"さあ、","gloss":"well, now, here, come"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Uncertainty about states and events · Pattern 2 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Present and past uncertainty","paragraphs":["*とうふを 食べるかどうか 知りません* means \"I do not know whether he eats tofu or not.\"","*降ったかどうか 知りません* applies the same *かどうか* pattern to the past: \"I do not know whether it rained or not.\""]},{"title":"Qualities and future actions","paragraphs":["The lines also apply the pattern to a quality and a future action.","*安いかどうか* means \"whether it is inexpensive or not.\" *帰るかどうか* means \"whether he will return or not.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.08","source":"スミスさんは とうふを 食べるでしょうか。","translation":"Do you think Mr. Smith eats tofu?","reading":"スミスさんはとうふをたべるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"とうふ","gloss":"tofu"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.09","source":"さあ、 とうふを 食べるかどうか 知りませんよ。","translation":"Well, I don't know whether he eats tofu or not.","reading":"さあ、とうふをたべるかどうかしりませんよ。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"とうふ","gloss":"tofu"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.10","source":"昨ばん 雨が 降りましたか。","translation":"Did it rain last night?","reading":"さくばんあめがふりましたか。","words":[{"text":"昨","gloss":"last night","reading":"さく"},{"text":"ばん","gloss":"last night"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降り","gloss":"fall","reading":"ふり"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite past"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.11","source":"さあ、 降ったかどうか 知りません。","translation":"Well, I don't know whether it rained or not.","reading":"さあ、ふったかどうかしりません。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.12","source":"ひろいかどうか","translation":"whether it is spacious or not","reading":"ひろいかどうか","words":[{"text":"ひろい","gloss":"spacious"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.13","source":"安いかどうか","translation":"whether it is inexpensive or not","reading":"やすいかどうか","words":[{"text":"安い","gloss":"inexpensive","reading":"やすい"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.13.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.14","source":"行ったかどうか","translation":"whether he went or not","reading":"いったかどうか","words":[{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.15","source":"見えるかどうか","translation":"whether it is visible or not","reading":"みえるかどうか","words":[{"text":"見える","gloss":"visible","reading":"みえる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.15.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt2.16","source":"帰るかどうか","translation":"whether he will return or not","reading":"かえるかどうか","words":[{"text":"帰る","gloss":"will return","reading":"かえる"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"or"},{"text":"か","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt2.16.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ばん","gloss":"evening, night"},{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"},{"word":"ひろい","gloss":"wide"},{"word":"見える","gloss":"to be visible, can see (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Doing only one activity · Pattern 3 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Only one kind of thing","paragraphs":["*八百屋では やさいばかり 売っています* means \"At the vegetable store, they sell only vegetables.\"","Here the *ばかり* pattern limits what is sold to vegetables."]},{"title":"Soy sauce and sugar too","paragraphs":["*しょうゆばかり 使わないで、 さとうも 使いなさい* contrasts using only soy sauce with using sugar too."]}],"lines":[{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.m1","source":"この方は 牛肉ばかり 食べます。","translation":"This person eats nothing but beef.","reading":"このかたはぎゅうにくばかりたべます。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"方","gloss":"person","reading":"かた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.m1.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.01","source":"八百屋では やさいばかり 売っています。","translation":"At the vegetable store, they sell only vegetables.","reading":"やおやではやさいばかりうっています。","words":[{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"vegetable store","reading":"やおや"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"are selling","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are selling"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are selling"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.02","source":"あの生徒は きょうしつでは 日本語ばかり 話します。","translation":"That student speaks only Japanese in the classroom.","reading":"あのせいとはきょうしつではにほんごばかりはなします。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きょうしつ","gloss":"classroom"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.03","source":"この通りには 店ばかり あります。","translation":"There are nothing but stores on this street.","reading":"このとおりにはみせばかりあります。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"通り","gloss":"street","reading":"とおり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"店","gloss":"stores","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.04","source":"田中さんは 毎日 さかなばかり 食べます。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka eats nothing but fish every day.","reading":"たなかさんはまいにちさかなばかりたべます。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"毎日","gloss":"every day","reading":"まいにち"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.05","source":"しょうゆばかり 使わないで、 さとうも 使いなさい。","translation":"Don't use only soy sauce; use sugar too.","reading":"しょうゆばかりつかわないで、さとうもつかいなさい。","words":[{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"use","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.06","source":"あなたは 牛肉ばかり 食べて、 やさいを 食べませんね。","translation":"You eat nothing but beef and don't eat vegetables, do you?","reading":"あなたはぎゅうにくばかりたべて、やさいをたべませんね。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.06.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.07","source":"ええ、 私は やさいは きらいですから。","translation":"That's right, because I don't like vegetables.","reading":"ええ、わたくしはやさいはきらいですから。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きらい","gloss":"dislike"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.08","source":"あなたは 家では 日本語ばかり 話しますか。","translation":"Do you speak only Japanese at home?","reading":"あなたはいえではにほんごばかりはなしますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"きらい","gloss":"dislike (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contrasting only with also · Pattern 3 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Only speaking","paragraphs":["*あなた方は 話し方ばかり 習うのですか* asks whether speaking is the only skill learned."]},{"title":"Writing and reading too","paragraphs":["The answer rejects that limit. *書き方も 読み方も 習います* adds writing and reading as skills learned."]}],"lines":[{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.09","source":"いいえ、 家では えい語ばかり 話します。","translation":"No, I speak only English at home.","reading":"いいえ、いえではえいごばかりはなします。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"えい語","gloss":"English"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.10","source":"あなた方は 話し方ばかり 習うのですか。","translation":"Do you learn only how to speak?","reading":"あなたがたははなしかたばかりならうのですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"方","gloss":"plural","reading":"がた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"方","gloss":"how to speak","reading":"かた"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the case"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.11","source":"いいえ、 書き方も 読み方も 習います。","translation":"No, we learn how to write and how to read too.","reading":"いいえ、かきかたもよみかたもならいます。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"書き","gloss":"write","reading":"かき"},{"text":"方","gloss":"how to write","reading":"かた"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"読み","gloss":"read","reading":"よみ"},{"text":"方","gloss":"how to read","reading":"かた"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"習い","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.12","source":"肉を 食べないで、 やさいも 食べなさい。","translation":"Don't just eat meat; eat vegetables too.","reading":"にくをたべないで、やさいもたべなさい。","words":[{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.12.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.13","source":"この店には 果物が ならべてあります。","translation":"Fruit is displayed in this store.","reading":"このみせにはくだものがならべてあります。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"果物","gloss":"fruit","reading":"くだもの"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ならべ","gloss":"is displayed"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is displayed"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"is displayed"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is displayed"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.13.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.14","source":"あの生徒は かん字を べんきょうします。","translation":"That student studies kanji.","reading":"あのせいとはかんじをべんきょうします。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"べんきょう","gloss":"study"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.14.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.15","source":"あの人は ざっしを 読んでいます。","translation":"That person is reading a magazine.","reading":"あのひとはざっしをよんでいます。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"is reading","reading":"よん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is reading"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is reading"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is reading"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.15.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt3.16","source":"あの方は 新しい 自動車を 買います。","translation":"That person will buy a new automobile.","reading":"あのかたはあたらしいじどうしゃをかいます。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"方","gloss":"person","reading":"かた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt3.16.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Accepting any suitable option · Pattern 4","teaching":[{"title":"Any kind will do","paragraphs":["*どんなのでも いいです* means \"Any kind is all right.\" The form accepts every suitable option.","*新しい 自動車なら、 どんなのでも いいです* limits the choice to new automobiles, then accepts any kind."]},{"title":"Even one like this","paragraphs":["*こんなのでも よければ、 私のを 上げますよ* offers the speaker's dictionary if even one like this will do."]}],"lines":[{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.m1","source":"どんなのでも いいです。","translation":"Any kind is all right.","reading":"どんなのでもいいです。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.m1.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.01","source":"さかななら、 私は どんなのでも 食べます。","translation":"As for fish, I will eat any kind.","reading":"さかななら、わたくしはどんなのでもたべます。","words":[{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"なら、","gloss":"as for"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.01.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.02","source":"こんなのでも、 使えれば 使ってください。","translation":"If you can use even one like this, please use it.","reading":"こんなのでも、つかえればつかってください。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"also"},{"text":"使えれ","gloss":"can use","reading":"つかえれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"使っ","gloss":"use","reading":"つかっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"use"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.02.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.03","source":"そんなのでも、 日本で 買う事が 出来ます。","translation":"You can buy even one like that in Japan.","reading":"そんなのでも、にほんでかうことができます。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"like that"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"also"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.03.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.04","source":"あんなのでも、 なおせば なおります。","translation":"Even one like that will work if you repair it.","reading":"あんなのでも、なおせばなおります。","words":[{"text":"あんな","gloss":"like that"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"also"},{"text":"なおせ","gloss":"repair"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"will work"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.04.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.05","source":"私は 新しい 自動車を 買いたいのですが、 どんなのが いいですか。","translation":"I would like to buy a new automobile; what kind would be good?","reading":"わたくしはあたらしいじどうしゃをかいたいのですが、どんなのがいいですか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.05.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.06","source":"新しい 自動車なら、 どんなのでも いいです。","translation":"If it is a new automobile, any kind will do.","reading":"あたらしいじどうしゃなら、どんなのでもいいです。","words":[{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car"},{"text":"なら、","gloss":"if it is"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"will do"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.06.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.07","source":"私は じ書が 一さつ いるのです。","translation":"I need one dictionary.","reading":"わたくしはじしょがいっさついるのです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"じ","gloss":"dictionary"},{"text":"書","gloss":"dictionary","reading":"しょ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"さつ","gloss":"book counter"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"need"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.07.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.08","source":"こんなのでも よければ、 私のを 上げますよ。","translation":"If one like this will do, I will give you mine.","reading":"こんなのでもよければ、わたくしのをあげますよ。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"like this"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"よけれ","gloss":"will do"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"mine"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"上げ","gloss":"give","reading":"あげ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.08.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L037.pt4.09","source":"はい、 そんなのでも よいから、 ください。","translation":"Yes, even one like that will do, so please give it to me.","reading":"はい、そんなのでもよいから、ください。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"like that"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please give it"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.pt4.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なら、","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"},{"word":"じ","gloss":"character, word"},{"word":"さつ","gloss":"numerical counter for counting books (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Exploring shops at a market · Reading Selection 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Many shops in the market","paragraphs":["The narrator visits a nearby market with a friend. The large market contains many stores and many kinds of vegetables.","*私はまだたけのこを見た事がありませんでした* means \"I had never seen bamboo shoots before.\" The experience form is in the past."]},{"title":"Kanji: 場","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 市","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.001","source":"私は友だちと一しょに近くの市場に行きました。","translation":"I went to a nearby market with a friend.","reading":"わたくしはともだちといっしょにちかくのいちばにいきました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"一しょ","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"together"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"went","reading":"いき"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.002","source":"市場の中は大へんひろくて、いろ〱の店が沢山ありました。","translation":"The market was very spacious inside, and there were many different stores.","reading":"いちばのなかはたいへんひろくて、いろいろのみせがたくさんありました。","words":[{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"中","gloss":"inside","reading":"なか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"ひろく","gloss":"spacious"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"various"},{"text":"〱","gloss":"various"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"店","gloss":"stores","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there were"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.003","source":"やさい市場ではいんげん、ほうれんそう、だいこん、にんじん、えんどう、たけのこなどいろ〱のやさいを売っていました。","translation":"At the vegetable market, they were selling many kinds of vegetables, such as green beans, spinach, radishes, carrots, peas, and bamboo shoots.","reading":"やさいいちばではいんげん、ほうれんそう、だいこん、にんじん、えんどう、たけのこなどいろいろのやさいをうっていました。","words":[{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いんげん、","gloss":"green beans"},{"text":"ほうれん","gloss":"spinach"},{"text":"そう、","gloss":"spinach"},{"text":"だいこん、","gloss":"radishes"},{"text":"にんじん、","gloss":"carrots"},{"text":"えんどう、","gloss":"peas"},{"text":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoots"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"various"},{"text":"〱","gloss":"various"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"were selling","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"were selling"},{"text":"い","gloss":"were selling"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"were selling"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"were selling"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.004","source":"私はまだたけのこを見た事がありませんでした。","translation":"I had never seen bamboo shoots before.","reading":"わたくしはまだたけのこをみたことがありませんでした。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"before"},{"text":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoots"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"seen","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"had"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.005","source":"たけのこは米国ではあまり見る事は出来ません。","translation":"You cannot often see bamboo shoots in the United States.","reading":"たけのこはべいこくではあまりみることはできません。","words":[{"text":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoots"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"often"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.006","source":"やさい市場のとなりは肉屋でした。","translation":"Next to the vegetable market was a meat market.","reading":"やさいいちばのとなりはにくやでした。","words":[{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"となり","gloss":"next door"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher shop","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"市場","gloss":"market, fair"},{"word":"大へん","gloss":"very"},{"word":"いろ","gloss":"color"},{"word":"えんどう、","gloss":"pea"},{"word":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoot"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Buying sukiyaki ingredients · Reading Selection 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Any beef, but not beef alone","paragraphs":["A butcher chooses suitable meat. A friend says *どんなのでもいい*, \"any kind would do,\" because Japanese beef is tender.","*牛肉ばかりでは、すきやきはりょうり出来ない* means beef alone cannot make sukiyaki. The narrator also buys vegetables, tofu, *しらたき*, and mushrooms."]}],"lines":[{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.007","source":"私はすきやきに使う肉を買わなければならなかったから、そこにはいりました。","translation":"I had to buy meat to use for sukiyaki, so I went in.","reading":"わたくしはすきやきにつかうにくをかわなければならなかったから、そこにはいりました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買わ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かわ"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"た","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"はいり","gloss":"entered"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.008","source":"どんな肉を買ってよいかわからなかったから、肉屋さんに話すと、てきとうなのを","translation":"Since I did not know what kind of meat to buy, I spoke to the butcher, and he chose a suitable kind.","reading":"どんなにくをかってよいかわからなかったから、にくやさんにはなすと、てきとうなのを","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買っ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"buy"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"spoke","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"てきとう","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"な","gloss":"kind of"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.009","source":"くれました。","translation":"He gave it to me.","reading":"くれました。","words":[{"text":"くれ","gloss":"gave me"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.010","source":"後で友だちに聞くと、日本の牛肉はやわらかいから、どんなのでもいいと言いました。","translation":"When I asked my friend later, he said that any kind would do because Japanese beef is tender.","reading":"あとでともだちにきくと、にほんのぎゅうにくはやわらかいから、どんなのでもいいといいました。","words":[{"text":"後","gloss":"later","reading":"あと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"later"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"聞く","gloss":"asked","reading":"きく"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やわらかい","gloss":"tender"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"said","reading":"いい"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.011","source":"牛肉ばかりでは、すきやきはりょうり出来ないから、八百屋に行っていろ〱のやさいを買いました。","translation":"Since you cannot make sukiyaki with beef alone, I went to the vegetable store and bought various vegetables.","reading":"ぎゅうにくばかりでは、すきやきはりょうりできないから、やおやにいっていろいろのやさいをかいました。","words":[{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"alone"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"greengrocer","reading":"やおや"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"went","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いろ","gloss":"various"},{"text":"〱","gloss":"various"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"bought","reading":"かい"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.012","source":"とうふ、しらたき、それにまつたけも買いました。","translation":"I also bought tofu, shirataki, and matsutake mushrooms.","reading":"とうふ、しらたき、それにまつたけもかいました。","words":[{"text":"とうふ、","gloss":"tofu"},{"text":"しらたき、","gloss":"shirataki"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"besides"},{"text":"まつたけ","gloss":"matsutake mushrooms"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"bought","reading":"かい"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"やわらかい","gloss":"soft, tender"},{"word":"とうふ、","gloss":"bean curd"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Cooking sukiyaki with a friend · Reading Selection 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Help from a nearby friend","paragraphs":["The narrator has never cooked sukiyaki. *奥田さんが来て、手つだってくださいました* means \"Mr. Okuda came and helped me.\"","Mr. Okuda lives nearby. The narrator asks him to come whenever help is needed."]}],"lines":[{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.013","source":"しょうゆやさとうなどは家にあるから、買わなくてもいいでした。","translation":"Since we had soy sauce, sugar, and the like at home, I did not have to buy them.","reading":"しょうゆやさとうなどはいえにあるから、かわなくてもいいでした。","words":[{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"have"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"買わ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かわ"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"not"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"need not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.014","source":"私はまだすきやきをりょうりした事はありませんから、奥田さんが来て、手つだってくださいました。","translation":"Since I had never made sukiyaki before, Mr. Okuda came and helped me.","reading":"わたくしはまだすきやきをりょうりしたことはありませんから、おくださんがきて、てつだってくださいました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"before"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"し","gloss":"did"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"奥田","gloss":"Okuda","reading":"おくだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"helped me","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"helped me"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"kindly"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.014.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.015","source":"奥田さんは私の家の近くに一けんかりて住んでいます。","translation":"Mr. Okuda rents a house near mine and lives there.","reading":"おくださんはわたくしのいえのちかくにいっけんかりてすんでいます。","words":[{"text":"奥田","gloss":"Okuda","reading":"おくだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"house counter"},{"text":"かり","gloss":"rents"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"lives"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.015.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.016","source":"何でも手つだってもらいたい時には、奥田さんに来てもらいます。","translation":"Whenever I want help with something, I have Mr. Okuda come over.","reading":"なんでもてつだってもらいたいときには、おくださんにきてもらいます。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help"},{"text":"もらい","gloss":"receive"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"奥田","gloss":"Okuda","reading":"おくだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"come"},{"text":"もらい","gloss":"have come"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.016.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L037.rd.017","source":"よい友だちが近くに住んでいるのは大へんいい事です。","translation":"It is very nice to have a good friend living nearby.","reading":"よいともだちがちかくにすんでいるのはたいへんいいことです。","words":[{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"living","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"living"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"living"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"nice"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.rd.017.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"けん","gloss":"numerical counter for houses (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about the market visit · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Details from the market","paragraphs":["The questions ask where the narrator went, what the market sold, and what stood beside the vegetable market.","*私は まだ どんなやさいを 見た事が ありませんでしたか* asks which vegetable the narrator had never seen. An answer names *たけのこ*."]}],"lines":[{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.001","source":"私は どこへ 行きましたか。","translation":"Where did I go?","reading":"わたくしはどこへいきましたか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"went","reading":"いき"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.001.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.002","source":"私は だれと 市場へ 行きましたか。","translation":"Who did I go to the market with?","reading":"わたくしはだれといちばへいきましたか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"went","reading":"いき"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.002.m4a"},{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.003","source":"市場は どんな 所ですか。","translation":"What kind of place is the market?","reading":"いちばはどんなところですか。","words":[{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.003.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.004","source":"やさい市場では、 どんな物を 売っていますか。","translation":"What kinds of things do they sell at the vegetable market?","reading":"やさいいちばでは、どんなものをうっていますか。","words":[{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"sell","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"い","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.004.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.005","source":"私は まだ どんなやさいを 見た事が ありませんでしたか。","translation":"What kind of vegetable had I never seen before?","reading":"わたくしはまだどんなやさいをみたことがありませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"before"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"seen","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"had"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.005.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.006","source":"米国には たけのこが ありますか。","translation":"Are there bamboo shoots in the United States?","reading":"べいこくにはたけのこがありますか。","words":[{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoots"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.006.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.007","source":"やさい市場の となりには 何の店が ありましたか。","translation":"What kind of store was next to the vegetable market?","reading":"やさいいちばのとなりにはなんのみせがありましたか。","words":[{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"となり","gloss":"next door"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"kind of"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"was there"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.007.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.008","source":"私は なぜ 牛肉を 買わなければ なりませんでしたか。","translation":"Why did I have to buy beef?","reading":"わたくしはなぜぎゅうにくをかわなければなりませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買わ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かわ"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.008.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.009","source":"肉だけ あれば、 すきやきを りょうりする事が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you make sukiyaki if you have only meat?","reading":"にくだけあれば、すきやきをりょうりすることができますか。","words":[{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"あれ","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.009.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"所","gloss":"address, place"},{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"},{"word":"だけ","gloss":"only, just (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about sukiyaki shopping · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Purchases and help","paragraphs":["The questions ask about the beef, other sukiyaki ingredients, and Mr. Okuda's home.","*私は なぜ さとうや しょうゆを 買いませんでしたか* asks why the narrator did not buy sugar and soy sauce. An answer gives the reason."]}],"lines":[{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.010","source":"日本の牛肉は どんなですか。","translation":"What is Japanese beef like?","reading":"にほんのぎゅうにくはどんなですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what like"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.010.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.011","source":"肉屋さんは 私に どんな肉を くれましたか。","translation":"What kind of meat did the butcher give me?","reading":"にくやさんはわたくしにどんなにくをくれましたか。","words":[{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher","reading":"にくや"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"me","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"gave"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did politely"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.011.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.012","source":"とうふや しらたきも すきやきに 使いますか。","translation":"Do you also use tofu and shirataki in sukiyaki?","reading":"とうふやしらたきもすきやきにつかいますか。","words":[{"text":"とうふ","gloss":"tofu"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"しらたき","gloss":"shirataki"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.012.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.013","source":"だれが 私の近くに 住んでいますか。","translation":"Who lives near me?","reading":"だれがわたくしのちかくにすんでいますか。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"私","gloss":"me","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.013.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.014","source":"私は 手つだってもらいたい 時には、 だれに 来てもらいますか。","translation":"When I want help, whom do I ask to come?","reading":"わたくしはてつだってもらいたいときには、だれにきてもらいますか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help"},{"text":"もらい","gloss":"receive"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"whom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"come"},{"text":"もらい","gloss":"have come"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.014.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.015","source":"よい友だちが 近くに 住んでいるのは いい事ですか。","translation":"Is it a good thing to have a good friend living nearby?","reading":"よいともだちがちかくにすんでいるのはいいことですか。","words":[{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"近く","gloss":"nearby","reading":"ちかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"living","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"living"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"living"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.015.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.016","source":"奥田さんは どこに 住んでいますか。","translation":"Where does Mr. Okuda live?","reading":"おくださんはどこにすんでいますか。","words":[{"text":"奥田","gloss":"Okuda","reading":"おくだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.016.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.017","source":"奥田さんは 自分の家に 住んでいますか。","translation":"Does Mr. Okuda live in his own house?","reading":"おくださんはじぶんのいえにすんでいますか。","words":[{"text":"奥田","gloss":"Okuda","reading":"おくだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"his own","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.017.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L037.q.018","source":"私は なぜ さとうや しょうゆを 買いませんでしたか。","translation":"Why didn't I buy sugar and soy sauce?","reading":"わたくしはなぜさとうやしょうゆをかいませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.q.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"しらたき","gloss":"noodles made from devil's tongue starch"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Common vegetables and greengrocers · Word list 1 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"At the greengrocer","paragraphs":["The words name food shops and common vegetables. *八百屋* means \"green grocer.\"","The vegetables include *にんじん*, \"carrot,\" and *だいこん*, \"Japanese daikon radish.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.001","source":"八百屋","translation":"green grocer","reading":"やおや","words":[{"text":"八百屋","gloss":"greengrocer","reading":"やおや"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.001.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.002","source":"スーパーマーケット","translation":"supermarket","reading":"スーパーマーケット","words":[{"text":"スーパーマーケット","gloss":"supermarket"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.002.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.003","source":"にんじん","translation":"carrot","reading":"にんじん","words":[{"text":"にんじん","gloss":"carrot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.003.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.004","source":"だいこん","translation":"(Japanese) DAIKON radish","reading":"だいこん","words":[{"text":"だいこん","gloss":"daikon radish"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.004.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.005","source":"きゅうり","translation":"cucumber","reading":"きゅうり","words":[{"text":"きゅうり","gloss":"cucumber"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.005.m4a"},{"number":169,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.006","source":"ほうれんそう","translation":"spinach","reading":"ほうれんそう","words":[{"text":"ほうれんそう","gloss":"spinach"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.006.m4a"},{"number":170,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.007","source":"ねぎ","translation":"green onion","reading":"ねぎ","words":[{"text":"ねぎ","gloss":"green onion"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.007.m4a"},{"number":171,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.008","source":"えんどう","translation":"pea","reading":"えんどう","words":[{"text":"えんどう","gloss":"pea"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.008.m4a"},{"number":172,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.009","source":"なす","translation":"eggplant","reading":"なす","words":[{"text":"なす","gloss":"eggplant"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.009.m4a"},{"number":173,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.010","source":"たまねぎ","translation":"onion","reading":"たまねぎ","words":[{"text":"たまねぎ","gloss":"onion"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.010.m4a"},{"number":174,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.011","source":"キャベツ","translation":"cabbage","reading":"キャベツ","words":[{"text":"キャベツ","gloss":"cabbage"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.011.m4a"},{"number":175,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.012","source":"ピーマン","translation":"green pepper","reading":"ピーマン","words":[{"text":"ピーマン","gloss":"green pepper"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"スーパーマーケット","gloss":"supermarket"},{"word":"にんじん","gloss":"carrot"},{"word":"だいこん","gloss":"(Japanese) DAIKON radish"},{"word":"きゅうり","gloss":"cucumber"},{"word":"ほうれんそう","gloss":"spinach"},{"word":"ねぎ","gloss":"green onion"},{"word":"なす","gloss":"eggplant"},{"word":"たまねぎ","gloss":"onion"},{"word":"キャベツ","gloss":"cabbage"},{"word":"ピーマン","gloss":"green pepper"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"More vegetables and market foods · Word list 2 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Vegetables and other market foods","paragraphs":["The words cover additional vegetables and foods sold at a market.","*はくさい* means \"Chinese cabbage,\" *市場* means \"market,\" and *とうふ* means \"bean curd.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":176,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.013","source":"はくさい","translation":"Chinese cabbage","reading":"はくさい","words":[{"text":"はくさい","gloss":"Chinese cabbage"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.013.m4a"},{"number":177,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.014","source":"かぼちゃ","translation":"pumpkin","reading":"かぼちゃ","words":[{"text":"かぼちゃ","gloss":"pumpkin"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.014.m4a"},{"number":178,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.015","source":"アスパラガス","translation":"asparagus","reading":"アスパラガス","words":[{"text":"アスパラガス","gloss":"asparagus"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.015.m4a"},{"number":179,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.016","source":"セロリ","translation":"celery","reading":"セロリ","words":[{"text":"セロリ","gloss":"celery"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.016.m4a"},{"number":180,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.017","source":"レタス","translation":"lettuce","reading":"レタス","words":[{"text":"レタス","gloss":"lettuce"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.017.m4a"},{"number":181,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.018","source":"とうもろこし","translation":"corn on the cob","reading":"とうもろこし","words":[{"text":"とうもろこし","gloss":"corn on the cob"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.018.m4a"},{"number":182,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.019","source":"まめ","translation":"beans","reading":"まめ","words":[{"text":"まめ","gloss":"beans"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.019.m4a"},{"number":183,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.020","source":"たけのこ","translation":"bamboo shoot","reading":"たけのこ","words":[{"text":"たけのこ","gloss":"bamboo shoot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.020.m4a"},{"number":184,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.021","source":"市場","translation":"market, fair","reading":"いちば","words":[{"text":"市場","gloss":"market","reading":"いちば"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.021.m4a"},{"number":185,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.022","source":"きのこ","translation":"mushroom","reading":"きのこ","words":[{"text":"きのこ","gloss":"mushroom"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.022.m4a"},{"number":186,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.023","source":"しらたき","translation":"noodles made from devil's tongue starch","reading":"しらたき","words":[{"text":"しらたき","gloss":"konjac starch noodles"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.023.m4a"},{"number":187,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.024","source":"とうふ","translation":"bean curd","reading":"とうふ","words":[{"text":"とうふ","gloss":"bean curd"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"はくさい","gloss":"Chinese cabbage"},{"word":"かぼちゃ","gloss":"pumpkin"},{"word":"アスパラガス","gloss":"asparagus"},{"word":"セロリ","gloss":"celery"},{"word":"レタス","gloss":"lettuce"},{"word":"とうもろこし","gloss":"corn on the cob"},{"word":"まめ","gloss":"beans"},{"word":"きのこ","gloss":"mushroom"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Meat and seasoning words · Word list 3 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Meat, seasoning, and housing","paragraphs":["The words cover meat, sukiyaki seasonings, and actions connected with housing.","*牛肉* means \"beef,\" *しょうゆ* means \"soy sauce,\" and *住む* means \"to live.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":188,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.025","source":"じゃがいも","translation":"Irish potatoes","reading":"じゃがいも","words":[{"text":"じゃがいも","gloss":"potatoes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.025.m4a"},{"number":189,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.026","source":"肉","translation":"meat, flesh","reading":"にく","words":[{"text":"肉","gloss":"meat","reading":"にく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.026.m4a"},{"number":190,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.027","source":"牛肉","translation":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく","words":[{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.027.m4a"},{"number":191,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.028","source":"ぶた肉","translation":"pork","reading":"ぶたにく","words":[{"text":"ぶた肉","gloss":"pork","reading":"ぶたにく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.028.m4a"},{"number":192,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.029","source":"鳥肉","translation":"fowl","reading":"とりにく","words":[{"text":"鳥肉","gloss":"poultry","reading":"とりにく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.029.m4a"},{"number":193,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.030","source":"肉屋","translation":"meat shop, butcher shop","reading":"にくや","words":[{"text":"肉屋","gloss":"butcher shop","reading":"にくや"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.030.m4a"},{"number":194,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.031","source":"すきやき","translation":"SUKIYAKI","reading":"すきやき","words":[{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.031.m4a"},{"number":195,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.032","source":"しお","translation":"salt","reading":"しお","words":[{"text":"しお","gloss":"salt"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.032.m4a"},{"number":196,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.033","source":"さとう","translation":"sugar","reading":"さとう","words":[{"text":"さとう","gloss":"sugar"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.033.m4a"},{"number":197,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.034","source":"しょうゆ","translation":"soy sauce","reading":"しょうゆ","words":[{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.034.m4a"},{"number":198,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.035","source":"住む","translation":"to live, reside","reading":"すむ","words":[{"text":"住む","gloss":"live","reading":"すむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.035.m4a"},{"number":199,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.036","source":"かりる","translation":"to borrow, rent","reading":"かりる","words":[{"text":"かりる","gloss":"borrow or rent"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.036.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"じゃがいも","gloss":"Irish potatoes"},{"word":"ぶた肉","gloss":"pork"},{"word":"鳥肉","gloss":"fowl"},{"word":"住む","gloss":"to live, reside"},{"word":"かりる","gloss":"to borrow, rent"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Cooking actions and grammar words · Word list 4 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Cooking actions and three expressions","paragraphs":["The words combine cooking actions with three expressions used throughout the lesson.","*どんなのでも* means \"any kind,\" *--ばかり* means \"only,\" and *--かどうか* means \"whether or not.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":200,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.037","source":"さがす","translation":"to search, look for","reading":"さがす","words":[{"text":"さがす","gloss":"look for"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.037.m4a"},{"number":201,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.038","source":"りょうり(する)","translation":"cooking (to cook)","reading":"りょうり(する)","words":[{"text":"りょうり(する)","gloss":"cooking; cook"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.038.m4a"},{"number":202,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.039","source":"手つだう","translation":"to help","reading":"てつだう","words":[{"text":"手つだう","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.039.m4a"},{"number":203,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.040","source":"待つ","translation":"to wait","reading":"まつ","words":[{"text":"待つ","gloss":"wait","reading":"まつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.040.m4a"},{"number":204,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.041","source":"やわらかい","translation":"soft, tender","reading":"やわらかい","words":[{"text":"やわらかい","gloss":"soft or tender"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.041.m4a"},{"number":205,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.042","source":"どんなのでも","translation":"any kind, anyone\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"どんなのでも","words":[{"text":"どんなのでも","gloss":"any kind"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.042.m4a"},{"number":206,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.043","source":"それはそうと","translation":"by the way","reading":"それはそうと","words":[{"text":"それはそうと","gloss":"by the way"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.043.m4a"},{"number":207,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.044","source":"--ばかり","translation":"only, nothing but\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--ばかり","words":[{"text":"--ばかり","gloss":"only"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.044.m4a"},{"number":208,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.045","source":"--かどうか","translation":"whether -- or not\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--かどうか","words":[{"text":"--かどうか","gloss":"whether or not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.045.m4a"},{"number":209,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.046","source":"まず","translation":"first, first of all","reading":"まず","words":[{"text":"まず","gloss":"first"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.046.m4a"},{"number":210,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.047","source":"なす","translation":"eggplant","reading":"なす","words":[{"text":"なす","gloss":"eggplant"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.047.m4a"},{"number":211,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.048","source":"たまねぎ","translation":"onion","reading":"たまねぎ","words":[{"text":"たまねぎ","gloss":"onion"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.048.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"さがす","gloss":"to search, look for"},{"word":"りょうり(する)","gloss":"cooking (to cook)"},{"word":"手つだう","gloss":"to help"},{"word":"待つ","gloss":"to wait"},{"word":"どんなのでも","gloss":"any kind, anyone\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"それはそうと","gloss":"by the way"},{"word":"--ばかり","gloss":"only, nothing but\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"--かどうか","gloss":"whether -- or not\n(See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Additional vegetable words · Word list 5 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"More vegetables","paragraphs":["These words name additional vegetables.","*はくさい* means \"Chinese cabbage,\" *じゃがいも* means \"Irish potatoes,\" and *レタス* means \"lettuce.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":212,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.049","source":"はくさい","translation":"Chinese cabbage","reading":"はくさい","words":[{"text":"はくさい","gloss":"Chinese cabbage"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.049.m4a"},{"number":213,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.050","source":"かぼちゃ","translation":"pumpkin","reading":"かぼちゃ","words":[{"text":"かぼちゃ","gloss":"pumpkin"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.050.m4a"},{"number":214,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.051","source":"とうもろこし","translation":"corn on the cob","reading":"とうもろこし","words":[{"text":"とうもろこし","gloss":"corn on the cob"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.051.m4a"},{"number":215,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.052","source":"まめ","translation":"beans","reading":"まめ","words":[{"text":"まめ","gloss":"beans"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.052.m4a"},{"number":216,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.053","source":"キャベツ","translation":"cabbage","reading":"キャベツ","words":[{"text":"キャベツ","gloss":"cabbage"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.053.m4a"},{"number":217,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.054","source":"ピーマン","translation":"green peoper","reading":"ピーマン","words":[{"text":"ピーマン","gloss":"green pepper"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.054.m4a"},{"number":218,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.055","source":"アスパラガス","translation":"asparagus","reading":"アスパラガス","words":[{"text":"アスパラガス","gloss":"asparagus"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.055.m4a"},{"number":219,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.056","source":"セロリ","translation":"celery","reading":"セロリ","words":[{"text":"セロリ","gloss":"celery"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.056.m4a"},{"number":220,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.057","source":"レタス","translation":"lettuce","reading":"レタス","words":[{"text":"レタス","gloss":"lettuce"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.057.m4a"},{"number":221,"id":"ja.dli.L037.w.058","source":"じゃがいも","translation":"Irish potatoes","reading":"じゃがいも","words":[{"text":"じゃがいも","gloss":"potatoes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L037.w.058.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]}]}