{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L050","title":"Lesson 50","stage":"Kanji and everyday Japanese","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 50: planning a flight to japan · dialogue 1 of 3, family travel and baggage · dialogue 2 of 3, packing and luggage limits · dialogue 3 of 3, predictions that something will not happen · perception drill, contrasting unexpected facts · perception drill, decided future arrangements · perception drill, predicting what will not happen · pattern 1 1 of 3, estimating delayed events · pattern 1 2 of 3, travel and action verbs · pattern 1 3 of 3, contrasting actions and outcomes · pattern 2 1 of 3, unexpected results despite effort · pattern 2 2 of 3, opposing facts and outcomes · pattern 2 3 of 3, stating scheduled plans · pattern 3 1 of 3, asking about school requirements · pattern 3 2 of 3, routine action verbs · pattern 3 3 of 3, moving to japan by air · reading selection 1 of 2, air travel limits and documents · reading selection 2 of 2, travel plans and shipped belongings · questions 1 of 2, baggage, diplomatic and travel documents · word list 1 of 5, aircraft, shipping and diplomatic service words · word list 3 of 5, travel arrangements and contrast expressions · word list 4 of 5, visas.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/50","lines":198},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/49","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/51","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Planning a flight to Japan · Dialogue 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"The flight to Japan","paragraphs":["One speaker asks how the other will travel to Japan. *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています* means \"It's been decided that I go by plane.\"","They discuss the aircraft and the airport. The traveler expects an ordinary propeller passenger plane and will fly from Travis Air Base."]},{"title":"A settled plan","paragraphs":["In *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています*, *事に なっています* presents the flight as a decided arrangement."]},{"title":"Kanji: 飛, 機, 空","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 出","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.001","source":"いよいよ 日本へ 行くそうですね。 船は いつ 出るのですか。","translation":"I understand you are going to Japan at last. When is your ship leaving?","reading":"いよいよにほんへいくそうですね。ふねはいつでるのですか。","words":[{"text":"いよいよ","gloss":"at last"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"船","gloss":"ship","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"leave","reading":"でる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.002","source":"飛行機で 行く 事に なっています。","translation":"It's been decided that I go by plane.","reading":"ひこうきでいくことになっています。","words":[{"text":"飛行","gloss":"plane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"that","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.003","source":"ああ、 そうですか。 それは いいですね。 ジェット機は 早くて、 らくだそうですから。","translation":"Oh, is that right? That's good, because I understand that jet planes are fast and comfortable.","reading":"ああ、そうですか。それはいいですね。ジェットきははやくて、らくだそうですから。","words":[{"text":"ああ、","gloss":"oh"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"ジェット","gloss":"jet plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"jet plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"らく","gloss":"comfortable"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.004","source":"ジェット機なら いいんですが、 多分 ふつうの プロペラ りょかっ機で 行くように なると 思います。","translation":"It will be nice if it's a jet plane, but it probably will turn out that I go by ordinary propeller passenger plane.","reading":"ジェットきならいいんですが、たぶんふつうのプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"ジェット","gloss":"jet plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"jet plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"if it is"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"多分","gloss":"probably","reading":"たぶん"},{"text":"ふつう","gloss":"ordinary"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"プロペラ","gloss":"propeller"},{"text":"り","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"か","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"っ","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"passenger plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"turn out"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"think","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.005","source":"どこの 飛行場から 出ぱつするのですか。 サンフランシスコ 空港からですか。","translation":"From what airport are you leaving? Is it the San Francisco Airport?","reading":"どこのひこうじょうからしゅっぱつするのですか。サンフランシスコくうこうからですか。","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"飛行","gloss":"airport","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"場","gloss":"airport","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"出ぱつ","gloss":"depart","reading":"しゅっぱつ"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"サンフランシスコ","gloss":"San Francisco"},{"text":"空港","gloss":"airport","reading":"くうこう"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.006","source":"いいえ、 トラビスこう空きちから 飛びます。","translation":"No, I will fly from Travis Air Base.","reading":"いいえ、トラビスこうくうきちからとびます。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"トラビス","gloss":"Travis"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"air base"},{"text":"空","gloss":"air base","reading":"くう"},{"text":"きち","gloss":"air base"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"飛び","gloss":"fly","reading":"とび"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"---MAI\n\n1. ---MAI\n\na. Inflected Suffix ---MAI is used after the basic form of consonant verbs or after the negative base of vowel verbs and negative ---SHI of SURU and ---KO of KURU to express negative conjecture. ---MAI may also follow the polite present form in ---MASU.\n\nExamples:\n\nANO HITO WA NIHONGO O HANASU MAI. \"He probably won't speak Japanese.\"\n\nKYOO WA FUJISAN MO MIEMASU MAI. \"Today even Mt. Fuji may not be visible.\"\n\nKORE WA ANO HITO NIWA WAKARU MAI. \"He probably won't understand this.\"\n\nTANAKA-SAN WA ATARASHII JIDOOSHA O KAU MAI. \"Mr. Tanaka probably won't buy a new car.\"\n\nb. MAI may also express negative determination when following a first person subject. This will be dealt with in Lesson 52."},{"section":2,"text":"NONI\n\n2. NONI\n\nFollowing the basic form of verbs and I-adjectives, and inflected suffixes (past tense of verbs and I-adjectives)\n\nand attributive or NA-form of NA-adjectives, NONI expresses opposition to the action stated by the verb 'although,' or 'but.' NONI also follows noun + NA form.\n\nExamples:\n\nANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SURU NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN. \"Although he studies hard, he doesn't do well.\"\n\nANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SHITA NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN DESHITA. \"Although he studied hard, he didn't do well.\"\n\nSAMUI NONI YUKI GA FURIMASEN. \"It's cold but it doesn't snow.\"\n\nWATAKUSHI WA AMMARI TABENAI NONI FUTORIMASU. \"Even though I don't eat too much, I still get fat.\"\n\nANO HITO WA BYOOKI NA NONI HATARAITE IMASU. \"He is sick, yet he is working.\""},{"section":3,"text":"KOTO NI NARIMASHITA\n\n3. KOTO NI NARIMASHITA\n\nFollowing the basic form of verbs and the negative suffix NAI, KOTO NI NARIMASHITA expresses an idea of \"it was decided that ---.\" KOTO NI NATTE IMASU is a variation of KOTO NI NARIMASHITA, and it expresses the meaning of 'is to --,' 'it is so stipulated that---,' or 'it is customary to ---.'\n\nExamples:\n\nIKU KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. \"It was decided that I go.\"\n\nIKANAI KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. \"It was decided that I don't go.\"\n\nWATAKUSHI WA MAIASA ROKUJI NI OKIRU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. \"It is customary for me to get up at 6 every morning.\"\n\nWATAKUSHI WA ASHITA HATARAKU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. \"I'm to work tomorrow.\"\n\nNICHIYOOBI NIWA HATARAITE WA IKENAI KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. \"It is so stipulated that I must not work on Sundays.\""},{"section":4,"text":"---ZURE\n\n4. ---ZURE\n\nZURE is a phonetic change of TSURE 'a companion.' ZURE follows such words as KAZOKU (family), FUTARI (two people), SANNIN (three people) etc.\n\nExamples:\n\nKAZOKU ZURE 'accompanied by family'\n\nFUTARI ZURE 'a party of two'\n\nSANNIN ZURE 'a party of three'\n\nWATAKUSHI WA KAZOKU ZURE DE SANPO NI DEKAKEMASHITA. \"I went out for a walk accompanied by my family.\"\n\nFUTARI ZURE DE EIGA NI IKIMASHITA. \"Two of us went to a movie.\""}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"いよいよ","gloss":"at last, finally"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ああ、","gloss":"Oh, yes"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"から。","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"プロペラ","gloss":"propeller"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"サンフランシスコ","gloss":"San Francisco"},{"word":"空港","gloss":"airport"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Family travel and baggage · Dialogue 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Family, documents, and furniture","paragraphs":["The traveler says *いいえ、 家族づれです*, \"No, I will be accompanied by my family.\"","The speakers then discuss passports, visas, furniture, and shipping the remaining baggage to Japan."]},{"title":"Travel with companions","paragraphs":["*ZURE* is a changed form of *TSURE*, \"a companion.\" It follows a word that identifies the companions.","In *家族づれです*, *家族づれ* means \"accompanied by my family.\"","The ending *まい* in *出来ますまい* gives the traveler's prediction that leaving the family behind probably is not possible."]},{"title":"Kanji: 族, 荷","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 大, 使, 物","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.007","source":"一人で 行くのですか。","translation":"Are you going by yourself?","reading":"ひとりでいくのですか。","words":[{"text":"一人","gloss":"alone","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.008","source":"いいえ、 家族づれです。 大使館づきぶかんとして 三年 日本で きん務する 事に なっていますから、 家族を おいて 行く 事は 出来ますまい。","translation":"No, I will be accompanied by my family. I probably won't be able to leave my family behind and go, because I am to serve three years in Japan in the capacity of a military attache to an embassy.","reading":"いいえ、かぞくづれです。たいしかんづきぶかんとしてさんねんにほんできんむすることになっていますから、かぞくをおいていくことはできますまい。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"with my family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"づれ","gloss":"with my family"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"づき","gloss":"attached to"},{"text":"ぶ","gloss":"military attache"},{"text":"かん","gloss":"military attache"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three"},{"text":"年","gloss":"years"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"務","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"am scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am scheduled"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am scheduled"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"am scheduled"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"おい","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"the act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"be able","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.009","source":"大使館づきぶかんの 場あいにも、 りょけんが いりますか。","translation":"Are passports required even in the case of an embassy attache?","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかんのばあいにも、りょけんがいりますか。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"づき","gloss":"attached to"},{"text":"ぶ","gloss":"military attache"},{"text":"かん","gloss":"military attache"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"場","gloss":"case","reading":"ば"},{"text":"あい","gloss":"case"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"even"},{"text":"り","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.010","source":"いりますよ。 でも、 さしょうは いりません。","translation":"Yes, they are. However, visas are not required.","reading":"いりますよ。でも、さしょうはいりません。","words":[{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"で","gloss":"however"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.011","source":"荷物や 家ぐは どうするのですか。","translation":"What are you going to do about your baggage and furniture?","reading":"にもつやかぐはどうするのですか。","words":[{"text":"荷物","gloss":"baggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"家","gloss":"furniture","reading":"か"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"furniture"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.012","source":"せいふの 家ぐが むこうに あるそうですから、 しんだいなど 大きくて 重い 物は あずけておきます。 外の 荷物は 船で 送ります。","translation":"I understand they have government furniture there, so I'll have my large and heavy things like beds stored away. I'll send other baggage by ship.","reading":"せいふのかぐがむこうにあるそうですから、しんだいなどおおきくておもいものはあずけておきます。ほかのにもつはふねでおくります。","words":[{"text":"せい","gloss":"government"},{"text":"ふ","gloss":"government"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"furniture","reading":"か"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"furniture"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"むこう","gloss":"over there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"apparently"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"しん","gloss":"bed"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"bed"},{"text":"い","gloss":"bed"},{"text":"など","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"大きく","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"heavy","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あずけ","gloss":"have stored"},{"text":"て","gloss":"have stored"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"have stored"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have stored"},{"text":"外","gloss":"other","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"baggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"船","gloss":"ship","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"送り","gloss":"send","reading":"おくり"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"大使","gloss":"ambassador"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"年","gloss":"year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"けん","gloss":"numerical counter for houses (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"word":"荷物","gloss":"luggage, baggage, load"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"むこう","gloss":"destination, yonder"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Packing and luggage limits · Dialogue 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Packing within the limit","paragraphs":["The traveler says *今週まつに 荷づくりして 送り出します*, \"I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend.\"","An adult can take *六十五ポンドまで*, \"up to 65 pounds.\" The hand luggage therefore contains a few things needed every day."]},{"title":"Kanji: 着","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.013","source":"少し 早く 送り出さなければなりませんね。","translation":"You have to ship those things a little earlier, don't you?","reading":"すこしはやくおくりださなければなりませんね。","words":[{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"early","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"送り出さ","gloss":"ship out","reading":"おくりださ"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"must"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.014","source":"ええ、 今週まつに 荷づくりして 送り出します。","translation":"I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend.","reading":"ええ、こんしゅうまつににづくりしておくりだします。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"今週","gloss":"this week","reading":"こんしゅう"},{"text":"まつ","gloss":"weekend"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"荷づくり","gloss":"pack","reading":"にづくり"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"送り出し","gloss":"ship out","reading":"おくりだし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.015","source":"手荷物は どのぐらい 持って 行けますか。","translation":"About how much hand luggage can you take with you?","reading":"てにもつはどのぐらいもっていけますか。","words":[{"text":"手","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"て"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"how much"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.016","source":"大人は 六十五ポンドまで 持って 行けます。","translation":"An adult can take with him up to 65 pounds.","reading":"おとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでもっていけます。","words":[{"text":"大人","gloss":"adult","reading":"おとな"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六十","gloss":"sixty","reading":"ろくじゅう"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ポンド","gloss":"pounds"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"up to"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"can take"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.017","source":"では、 着る物だけは 持って 行けますね。","translation":"Then, you can at least take clothes, can't you?","reading":"では、きるものだけはもっていけますね。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"着る","gloss":"clothes","reading":"きる"},{"text":"物","gloss":"clothes","reading":"もの"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"at least"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L050.dlg.018","source":"ええ、 日じょう いる物だけ 少し 持って 行けます。","translation":"Yes, I can just take a few of the things that I need everyday.","reading":"ええ、にちじょういるものだけすこしもっていけます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"日","gloss":"everyday","reading":"にち"},{"text":"じょう","gloss":"everyday"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"need"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a few","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"can take"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"今週","gloss":"this week"},{"word":"どの","gloss":"which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)"},{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"六十","gloss":"60"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"ポンド","gloss":"pound"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だけ","gloss":"only, just (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Predictions that something will not happen · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"A negative prediction","paragraphs":["*あの人は 今晩 来まい* means \"He probably will not come tonight.\" The ending *まい* makes this a negative conjecture."]},{"title":"Where the ending goes","paragraphs":["A consonant verb takes *まい* after its dictionary form, as in *わかるまい*. A vowel verb uses its negative base, as in *おきまい*.","*SURU* gives *しまい*, and *KURU* gives *来まい*. The ending can also follow the polite form in *ます*.","*あの人は 今晩 来まい ―― 来ますまい* gives the same prediction in both forms."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.01","source":"この 日本語は あの人には わかるまい。","translation":"He probably will not understand this Japanese.","reading":"このにほんごはあのひとにはわかるまい。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.02","source":"あの人は 五時には おきまい。","translation":"He probably will not get up at 5 o'clock.","reading":"あのひとはごじにはおきまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"get up"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.03","source":"あの人は 今晩 来まい。","translation":"He probably will not come tonight.","reading":"あのひとはこんばんきまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.04","source":"あの人は そんな 事は しまい。","translation":"He probably will not do such a thing.","reading":"あのひとはそんなことはしまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such a"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.05","source":"あの人は 今晩 来 ますまい。","translation":"He probably will not come tonight.","reading":"あのひとはこんばんきますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.06","source":"今晩 雨は 降るまい ―― 降りますまい。","translation":"It probably will not rain tonight — It probably will not rain tonight.","reading":"こんばんあめはふるまい――ふりますまい。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"降る","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふる"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"降り","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふり"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.07","source":"あの人は まだ 休むまい ―― 休みますまい。","translation":"He probably will not rest yet — He probably will not rest yet.","reading":"あのひとはまだやすむまい――やすみますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"休む","gloss":"rest","reading":"やすむ"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"休み","gloss":"rest","reading":"やすみ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.08","source":"田中さんは 明日 働くまい ―― 働きますまい。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow — Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow.","reading":"たなかさんはあしたはたらくまい――はたらきますまい。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"働く","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらく"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"働き","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.09","source":"あの人は 今晩 来まい ―― 来ますまい。","translation":"He probably will not come tonight — He probably will not come tonight.","reading":"あのひとはこんばんきまい――きますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.10","source":"あの人は 今晩 勉強しまい ―― 勉強しますまい。","translation":"He probably will not study tonight — He probably will not study tonight.","reading":"あのひとはこんばんべんきょうしまい――べんきょうしますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.11","source":"スミスさんは この さかなを 食べまい ―― 食べますまい。","translation":"Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish — Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish.","reading":"スミスさんはこのさかなをたべまい――たべますまい。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably will not"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.11.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp1.12","source":"これは あの人には 出来まい ―― 出来ますまい。","translation":"He probably cannot do this — He probably cannot do this.","reading":"これはあのひとにはできまい――できますまい。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"まい――","gloss":"probably cannot"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably cannot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp1.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"},{"word":"降る","gloss":"to fall (rain) (v.i.)"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"さかな","gloss":"fish"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contrasting unexpected facts · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"An unexpected result","paragraphs":["*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ない* means \"Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well.\"","The first fact creates an expectation. The result after *のに* opposes that expectation."]},{"title":"Joining the two facts","paragraphs":["*のに* means \"although\" or \"but.\" It follows the present or past form of a verb or I-adjective.","A NA-adjective or noun takes *な* before *のに*. In *下手なのに 好きです*, being poor at golf contrasts with liking it."]}],"lines":[{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.01","source":"あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ない。","translation":"Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well.","reading":"あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできない。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"hard"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"do well","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.02","source":"さむいのに オーバーを 着ません。","translation":"Although it is cold, he doesn't wear an overcoat.","reading":"さむいのにオーバーをきません。","words":[{"text":"さむい","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"オーバー","gloss":"overcoat"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.03","source":"あの人は ゴルフが 下手なのに 好きです。","translation":"Although he is poor at golf, he likes it.","reading":"あのひとはゴルフがへたなのにすきです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"下手","gloss":"poor at","reading":"へた"},{"text":"な","gloss":"is"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.04","source":"あの 生徒は あんまり 勉強しないのに、 よく 出来ます。","translation":"Although that student does not study very much, he does well.","reading":"あのせいとはあんまりべんきょうしないのに、よくできます。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"although"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"do well","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.05","source":"あの人は 長い 間 日本に 居たのに 日本語が 出来ません。","translation":"Although he was in Japan for a long time, he cannot speak Japanese.","reading":"あのひとはながいあいだにほんにいたのににほんごができません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"長い","gloss":"long"},{"text":"間","gloss":"time"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"居","gloss":"was","reading":"い"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can speak","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.06","source":"あの人は 沢山 食べるのに ふとりません。","translation":"Although he eats a lot, he does not gain weight.","reading":"あのひとはたくさんたべるのにふとりません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"ふとり","gloss":"gain weight"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.07","source":"安いのに 買いません。","translation":"Although it is cheap, I will not buy it.","reading":"やすいのにかいません。","words":[{"text":"安い","gloss":"cheap","reading":"やすい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.08","source":"古いのに 高いです。","translation":"Although it is old, it is expensive.","reading":"ふるいのにたかいです。","words":[{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp2.09","source":"あの 生徒は ひまなのに 勉強しません。","translation":"Although that student has free time, he does not study.","reading":"あのせいとはひまなのにべんきょうしません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ひま","gloss":"free time"},{"text":"な","gloss":"is"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp2.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"さむい","gloss":"cold"},{"word":"オーバー","gloss":"overcoat"},{"word":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"word":"下手","gloss":"unskilled, poor in doing things"},{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"ひま","gloss":"leisure time, free"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Decided future arrangements · Perception drill, Block 3","teaching":[{"title":"A decision about Japan","paragraphs":["*日本へ 行く 事に なりました* means \"It has been decided that I go to Japan.\" The decision concerns the verb before *事に なりました*."]},{"title":"Decisions and standing arrangements","paragraphs":["*事になりました* follows a dictionary form or a verb in *ない*. It states what was decided.","*事になっています* states an arrangement, rule, or custom. *日本へ 家族を つれて 行けない 事に なっています* gives a negative rule.","That line means \"It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.01","source":"私は 日本へ 行く 事になっています。","translation":"It has been decided that I go to Japan.","reading":"わたくしはにほんへいくことになっています。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.01.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.02","source":"日本へ 行く 事に なります。","translation":"It will be decided that I go to Japan.","reading":"にほんへいくことになります。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"be decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.02.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.03","source":"日本へ 行く 事に なるでしょう。","translation":"It will probably be decided that I go to Japan.","reading":"にほんへいくことになるでしょう。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"be decided"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.03.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.04","source":"日本へ 行く 事に なりました。","translation":"It has been decided that I go to Japan.","reading":"にほんへいくことになりました。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"be decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.04.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.05","source":"日本へ 行く 事に なっていましたが…","translation":"It had been decided that I go to Japan, but…","reading":"にほんへいくことになっていましたが…","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"had been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"had been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"had been decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"had been decided"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"が…","gloss":"but"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.05.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.06","source":"私たちは 三月に そつぎょうする 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that we graduate in March.","reading":"わたくしたちはさんがつにそつぎょうすることになっています。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"we","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"we"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"三","gloss":"March","reading":"さん"},{"text":"月","gloss":"March","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.06.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.07","source":"日本に 三年ぐらい 居る 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that I stay in Japan for about three years.","reading":"にほんにさんねんぐらいいることになっています。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"年","gloss":"years","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"居る","gloss":"stay","reading":"いる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.07.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.08","source":"日本へ 家族を つれて 行けない 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan.","reading":"にほんへかぞくをつれていけないことになっています。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.08.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.09","source":"私は 日本で 働く 事に なりました。","translation":"It has been decided that I work in Japan.","reading":"わたくしはにほんではたらくことになりました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"働く","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"be decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.09.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.10","source":"今日は 友だちの 家で 夕はんを 食べる 事に なっています。","translation":"It's been arranged that I eat dinner at a friend's house today.","reading":"きょうはともだちのいえでゆうはんをたべることになっています。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"夕はん","gloss":"dinner","reading":"ゆうはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been arranged"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been arranged"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been arranged"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been arranged"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.10.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L050.gp3.11","source":"田中さんは 来週 入院する 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that Mr. Tanaka enter the hospital next week.","reading":"たなかさんはらいしゅうにゅういんすることになっています。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来週","gloss":"next week","reading":"らいしゅう"},{"text":"入院","gloss":"enter hospital","reading":"にゅういん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has been decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has been decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.gp3.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が…","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"来週","gloss":"next week"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Predicting what will not happen · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Predictions about actions","paragraphs":["*田中さんは 今日 学校へ 来 まい* means \"Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today.\"","The ending *まい* also predicts events. *さくらの 花は 三月には さくまい* predicts that the blossoms will not bloom in March."]}],"lines":[{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.01","source":"これは あの人には わかるまい。","translation":"He probably will not comprehend this.","reading":"これはあのひとにはわかるまい。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかる","gloss":"comprehend"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.02","source":"あの人は 六時には おきまい。","translation":"He probably will not get up at 6 o'clock.","reading":"あのひとはろくじにはおきまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"get up"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.03","source":"田中さんは 今日 学校へ 来 まい。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today.","reading":"たなかさんはきょうがっこうへこまい。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.04","source":"スミスさんは 土曜日には 勉強しまい。","translation":"Mr. Smith probably will not study on Saturday.","reading":"スミスさんはどようびにはべんきょうしまい。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.05","source":"あの人は 日本語は わかりますまい。","translation":"He probably will not understand Japanese.","reading":"あのひとはにほんごはわかりますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.06","source":"さくらの 花は 三月には さくまい。","translation":"The cherry blossoms probably will not bloom in March.","reading":"さくらのはなはさんがつにはさくまい。","words":[{"text":"さくら","gloss":"cherry"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"花","gloss":"blossoms","reading":"はな"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"三","gloss":"March","reading":"さん"},{"text":"月","gloss":"March","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さくまい。","gloss":"probably not bloom"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.07","source":"学校は まだ 始まるまい。","translation":"School probably will not start yet.","reading":"がっこうはまだはじまるまい。","words":[{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"始まる","gloss":"start","reading":"はじまる"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.08","source":"今日は 土曜日ですから、 あの人は 家に 居まい。","translation":"Since today is Saturday, he probably will not be at home.","reading":"きょうはどようびですから、あのひとはいえにいまい。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"居","gloss":"be","reading":"い"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"さくら","gloss":"cherry (flower)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Estimating delayed events · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"The time before an event","paragraphs":["With *まい*, *七時半頃まで 始まりますまい* means the movie \"probably will not start until around seven-thirty.\"","*まだ 二三日は 仕事に 来られますまい* means he probably cannot return to work for another two or three days."]}],"lines":[{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.09","source":"これは 生徒には 読めますまい。","translation":"The students probably cannot read this.","reading":"これはせいとにはよめますまい。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably cannot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.10","source":"あの人は 今晩 奥さんを つれて 来ますまい。","translation":"He probably will not bring his wife tonight.","reading":"あのひとはこんばんおくさんをつれてきますまい。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"bring along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"bring along"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.11","source":"今晩の 映画は 何時に 始まるのでしょうか。","translation":"I wonder what time tonight's movie will start.","reading":"こんばんのえいがはなんじにはじまるのでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"映画","gloss":"movie","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"始まる","gloss":"start","reading":"はじまる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"I wonder"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.12","source":"七時に 始まるはずですが、 七時は まだ 明るいから、 七時半頃まで 始まりますまい。","translation":"It is supposed to start at seven, but since it is still light at seven, it probably will not start until around seven-thirty.","reading":"しちじにはじまるはずですが、しちじはまだあかるいから、しちじはんごろまではじまりますまい。","words":[{"text":"七","gloss":"seven o’clock","reading":"しち"},{"text":"時","gloss":"seven o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"始まる","gloss":"start","reading":"はじまる"},{"text":"はず","gloss":"supposed to"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven o’clock","reading":"しち"},{"text":"時","gloss":"seven o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"明るい","gloss":"light","reading":"あかるい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"七","gloss":"seven-thirty"},{"text":"時","gloss":"seven-thirty"},{"text":"半","gloss":"seven-thirty"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"around"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"始まり","gloss":"start","reading":"はじまり"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.13","source":"山本さんは かぜを ひいて、 ねているそうですが、 明日 仕事に 来られますか。","translation":"I understand Mr. Yamamoto has a cold and is in bed, but will he be able to come to work tomorrow?","reading":"やまもとさんはかぜをひいて、ねているそうですが、あしたしごとにこられますか。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"a cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひい","gloss":"has caught"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"has caught"},{"text":"ね","gloss":"is in bed"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is in bed"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is in bed"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I understand"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"can come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"can come"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can come"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.14","source":"さあ、 まだ ねつが あるそうですから、 まだ 二三日は 仕事に 来られますまい。","translation":"Well, I understand he still has a fever, so he probably will not be able to come to work for another two or three days.","reading":"さあ、まだねつがあるそうですから、まだにさんにちはしごとにこられますまい。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"ねつ","gloss":"a fever"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"has"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I understand"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"another"},{"text":"二三","gloss":"two or three days","reading":"にさん"},{"text":"日","gloss":"two or three days","reading":"にち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"can come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"can come"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can come"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.15","source":"田中さんは もう おきているでしょうか。","translation":"I wonder if Mr. Tanaka is already up.","reading":"たなかさんはもうおきているでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"is up"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is up"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is up"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.16","source":"さあ、 昨晩 おそくまで おきていたから、 十時頃まで おきますまい。","translation":"Well, since he stayed up late last night, he probably will not get up until around ten.","reading":"さあ、さくばんおそくまでおきていたから、じゅうじごろまでおきますまい。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"昨晩","gloss":"last night","reading":"さくばん"},{"text":"おそく","gloss":"late"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"stayed up"},{"text":"て","gloss":"stayed up"},{"text":"い","gloss":"stayed up"},{"text":"た","gloss":"stayed up"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten o’clock"},{"text":"時","gloss":"ten o’clock"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"around"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"get up"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まい。","gloss":"probably not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.16.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"映画","gloss":"movie"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"word":"明るい","gloss":"light"},{"word":"頃","gloss":"approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"word":"ね","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"さあ、","gloss":"well, now, here, come"},{"word":"ねつ","gloss":"fever"},{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"おそく","gloss":"late (adverbial form of OSOI, be late, be slow)"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Travel and action verbs · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Actions at home and away","paragraphs":["These verbs cover movement and errands. *つれて行く* means \"to take someone along,\" and *出かける* means \"to go out.\"","The set also reaches weather and housework. *晴れる* means \"to clear up.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.17","source":"使う","translation":"to use","reading":"つかう","words":[{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.17.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.18","source":"買う","translation":"to buy","reading":"かう","words":[{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.18.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.19","source":"つれて行く","translation":"to take someone along","reading":"つれていく","words":[{"text":"つれ","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"take along","reading":"いく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.20","source":"話す","translation":"to speak","reading":"はなす","words":[{"text":"話す","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなす"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.20.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.21","source":"晴れる","translation":"to clear up","reading":"はれる","words":[{"text":"晴れる","gloss":"clear up","reading":"はれる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.22","source":"そうじする","translation":"to clean","reading":"そうじする","words":[{"text":"そうじ","gloss":"cleaning"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.23","source":"買って来る","translation":"to buy and bring back","reading":"かってくる","words":[{"text":"買っ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"bring back","reading":"くる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt1.24","source":"出かける","translation":"to go out","reading":"でかける","words":[{"text":"出かける","gloss":"go out","reading":"でかける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt1.24.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"使う","gloss":"to use, employ"},{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"},{"word":"晴れる","gloss":"to clear (v.i.)"},{"word":"そうじ","gloss":"cleaning"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Contrasting actions and outcomes · Pattern 2 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"What happened despite the first fact","paragraphs":["*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ません* means \"Although that student studies hard, he does not do well.\"","The *のに* in *よく 気を つけたのに かぜを ひきました* contrasts being careful with catching a cold."]}],"lines":[{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.01","source":"私は 沢山 食べるのに ふとらない。","translation":"Although I eat a lot, I don't get fat.","reading":"わたくしはたくさんたべるのにふとらない。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"ふとら","gloss":"do not get fat"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"do not get fat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.02","source":"近いのに 歩いて 行きません。","translation":"Although it is close, he doesn't go there on foot.","reading":"ちかいのにあるいていきません。","words":[{"text":"近い","gloss":"close","reading":"ちかい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"go on foot","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"go on foot"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"do not go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not go"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not go"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.03","source":"あの人は ゴルフが 好きなのに 下手です。","translation":"Although he likes golf, he is poor at it.","reading":"あのひとはゴルフがすきなのにへたです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"likes","reading":"すき"},{"text":"な","gloss":"is"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"下手","gloss":"poor at it","reading":"へた"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.04","source":"あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ません。","translation":"Although that student studies hard, he does not do well.","reading":"あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"hard"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"does not do well","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"does not do well"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"does not do well"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.05","source":"田中さんは 雨が 降るのに 働いています。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka is working although it is raining.","reading":"たなかさんはあめがふるのにはたらいています。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降る","gloss":"rains","reading":"ふる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"働い","gloss":"is working","reading":"はたらい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is working"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is working"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is working"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.06","source":"山本さんは よく 気を つけたのに かぜを ひきました。","translation":"Although Mr. Yamamoto was very careful, he caught a cold.","reading":"やまもとさんはよくきをつけたのにかぜをひきました。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"very"},{"text":"気","gloss":"care","reading":"き"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つけ","gloss":"was careful"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was careful"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"a cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひき","gloss":"caught"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"caught"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"caught"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.07","source":"私は よく 勉強したのに おぼえていません。","translation":"Although I studied hard, I do not remember it.","reading":"わたくしはよくべんきょうしたのにおぼえていません。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"hard"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"おぼえ","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"て","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"い","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not remember"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not remember"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.08","source":"あの人は 体が 小さいのに よく 食べます。","translation":"Although he is small, he eats a lot.","reading":"あのひとはからだがちいさいのによくたべます。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"体","gloss":"body","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"小さい","gloss":"small","reading":"ちいさい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"a lot"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eats","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"eats"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.09","source":"山田さんは お金が ないのに 高い 物を 買います。","translation":"Although Mr. Yamada has no money, he buys expensive things.","reading":"やまださんはおかねがないのにたかいものをかいます。","words":[{"text":"山田","gloss":"Yamada","reading":"やまだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"money"},{"text":"金","gloss":"money","reading":"かね"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"has none"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buys","reading":"かい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"buys"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.10","source":"あの 生徒は 書くのは 下手なのに 話すのは 上手です。","translation":"Although that student is poor at writing, he is good at speaking.","reading":"あのせいとはかくのはへたなのにはなすのはじょうずです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"writing","reading":"かく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"writing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"下手","gloss":"poor at","reading":"へた"},{"text":"な","gloss":"is"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speaking","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"の","gloss":"speaking"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"good at","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"近い","gloss":"near, close"},{"word":"体","gloss":"body, health"},{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Unexpected results despite effort · Pattern 2 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Effort without the expected result","paragraphs":["*もう 四月に なったのに さくらが さきませんね* contrasts the arrival of April with blossoms that have not bloomed.","The ending *のに* also links effort to a result that remains absent.","*医者に かかったのに まだ なおりません* contrasts going to the doctor with a cold that still has not improved."]}],"lines":[{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.11","source":"一週間 前に 草を かったのに もう こんなに のびました。","translation":"Although I cut the grass a week ago, it has already grown this much.","reading":"いっしゅうかんまえにくさをかったのにもうこんなにのびました。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one week"},{"text":"週間","gloss":"one week"},{"text":"前","gloss":"ago"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"草","gloss":"grass","reading":"くさ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かっ","gloss":"cut"},{"text":"た","gloss":"cut"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"のび","gloss":"has grown"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"has grown"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"has grown"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.12","source":"あったかいから、 草も よくのびますよ。","translation":"Since it is warm, the grass grows well too.","reading":"あったかいから、くさもよくのびますよ。","words":[{"text":"あったかい","gloss":"warm"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"草","gloss":"grass","reading":"くさ"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"のび","gloss":"grows"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"grows"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.13","source":"もう 四月に なったのに さくらが さきませんね。","translation":"Although it is already April, the cherry blossoms have not bloomed yet.","reading":"もうしがつになったのにさくらがさきませんね。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"四","gloss":"April"},{"text":"月","gloss":"April"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"became"},{"text":"た","gloss":"became"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"さくら","gloss":"cherry blossoms"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"さき","gloss":"have not bloomed"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"have not bloomed"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"have not bloomed"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.13.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.14","source":"今年は さむかったから、 さくのが おそいのでしょう。","translation":"Since it was cold this year, they are probably late blooming.","reading":"ことしはさむかったから、さくのがおそいのでしょう。","words":[{"text":"今年","gloss":"this year","reading":"ことし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さむかっ","gloss":"was cold"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was cold"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"さく","gloss":"blooming"},{"text":"の","gloss":"blooming"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"おそい","gloss":"late"},{"text":"の","gloss":"reason"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.15","source":"かぜが なおりましたか。","translation":"Has your cold gotten better?","reading":"かぜがなおりましたか。","words":[{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"your cold"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"gotten better"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"gotten better"},{"text":"た","gloss":"gotten better"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.15.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.16","source":"いいえ、 医者に かかったのに まだ なおりません。","translation":"No, although I went to the doctor, it still has not gotten better.","reading":"いいえ、いしゃにかかったのにまだなおりません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"went to see"},{"text":"た","gloss":"went to see"},{"text":"の","gloss":"although"},{"text":"に","gloss":"although"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"has not improved"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"has not improved"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"has not improved"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.17","source":"この 文章を 何度も 読みました。","translation":"I read this passage many times.","reading":"このぶんしょうをなんどもよみました。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"文章","gloss":"passage","reading":"ぶんしょう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"何","gloss":"many times","reading":"なん"},{"text":"度","gloss":"many times","reading":"ど"},{"text":"も","gloss":"many times"},{"text":"読み","gloss":"read","reading":"よみ"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"read"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"read"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.17.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.18","source":"まだ いみが よくわかりません。","translation":"I still do not understand the meaning very well.","reading":"まだいみがよくわかりません。","words":[{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"very well"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"do not understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not understand"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not understand"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.19","source":"沢山 食べました。","translation":"I ate a lot.","reading":"たくさんたべました。","words":[{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"ate","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"ate"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"ate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.20","source":"おなかが すいています。","translation":"I am hungry.","reading":"おなかがすいています。","words":[{"text":"おなか","gloss":"stomach"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"am hungry"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am hungry"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am hungry"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"am hungry"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.20.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"},{"word":"あったかい","gloss":"warm"},{"word":"四","gloss":"four"},{"word":"今年","gloss":"this year"},{"word":"さく","gloss":"to bloom (v.i.)"},{"word":"おそい","gloss":"be late"},{"word":"医者","gloss":"medical doctor"},{"word":"文章","gloss":"sentence"},{"word":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"word":"おなか","gloss":"stomach"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Opposing facts and outcomes · Pattern 2 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Two facts for one contrast","paragraphs":["*あんまり 食べません* means \"I do not eat very much.\" *ふとります* means \"I gain weight.\"","The ending *のに* joins such opposing facts. The same contrast appears between *医者に かかりました* and *病気が なおりません*."]}],"lines":[{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.21","source":"着物が よごれました。","translation":"My clothes got dirty.","reading":"きものがよごれました。","words":[{"text":"着物","gloss":"clothes","reading":"きもの"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よごれ","gloss":"got dirty"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"got dirty"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"got dirty"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.21.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.22","source":"着かえません。","translation":"I do not change clothes.","reading":"きかえません。","words":[{"text":"着かえ","gloss":"do not change clothes","reading":"きかえ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not change clothes"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not change clothes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.22.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.23","source":"あんまり 食べません。","translation":"I do not eat very much.","reading":"あんまりたべません。","words":[{"text":"あんまり","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"do not eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not eat"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not eat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.23.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.24","source":"ふとります。","translation":"I gain weight.","reading":"ふとります。","words":[{"text":"ふとり","gloss":"gain weight"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"gain weight"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.24.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.25","source":"日が てっています。","translation":"The sun is shining.","reading":"ひがてっています。","words":[{"text":"日","gloss":"sun","reading":"ひ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"てっ","gloss":"is shining"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is shining"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is shining"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is shining"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.25.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.26","source":"雨が 降ります。","translation":"It rains.","reading":"あめがふります。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降り","gloss":"rains","reading":"ふり"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"rains"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.26.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.27","source":"医者に かかりました。","translation":"I went to see a doctor.","reading":"いしゃにかかりました。","words":[{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかり","gloss":"went to see"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"went to see"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"went to see"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.27.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt2.28","source":"病気が なおりません。","translation":"I do not recover from my illness.","reading":"びょうきがなおりません。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"do not recover"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not recover"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not recover"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt2.28.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Stating scheduled plans · Pattern 3 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Plans and requirements","paragraphs":["*家内を 日本へ つれて 行く 事に なりました* means \"It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan.\"","*教室で 英語を 話さない 事に なっています* means it has been decided that the students will not speak English in the classroom."]}],"lines":[{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.m1","source":"九月には 学校へ 行く事になりました。","translation":"It was decided that I go to school in September.","reading":"くがつにはがっこうへいくことになりました。","words":[{"text":"九","gloss":"September"},{"text":"月","gloss":"September"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.m1.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.01","source":"私は モンテレーに 住む 事に なりました。","translation":"It has been decided that I will live in Monterey.","reading":"わたくしはモンテレーにすむことになりました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住む","gloss":"live","reading":"すむ"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.02","source":"家内を 日本へ つれて 行く 事に なりました。","translation":"It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan.","reading":"かないをにほんへつれていくことになりました。","words":[{"text":"家内","gloss":"my wife","reading":"かない"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"take along","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"was decided"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"was decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.03","source":"教室で 英語を 話さない 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that we will not speak English in the classroom.","reading":"きょうしつでえいごをはなさないことになっています。","words":[{"text":"教室","gloss":"classroom","reading":"きょうしつ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"話さ","gloss":"not speak","reading":"はなさ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not speak"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.04","source":"今晩 六時に 映画に 行く 事に なっています。","translation":"It has been decided that we will go to the movies at six this evening.","reading":"こんばんろくじにえいがにいくことになっています。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six o’clock","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"時","gloss":"six o’clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"映画","gloss":"movies","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.05","source":"外国人の 名前は カタカナで 書く 事に なっています。","translation":"Foreigners' names are to be written in katakana.","reading":"がいこくじんのなまえはカタカナでかくことになっています。","words":[{"text":"外国","gloss":"foreigners","reading":"がいこく"},{"text":"人","gloss":"foreigners","reading":"じん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"名前","gloss":"names","reading":"なまえ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"カタカナ","gloss":"katakana"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.06","source":"生徒たちは ダイアログを あんきする 事に なっています。","translation":"The students are to memorize the dialogue.","reading":"せいとたちはダイアログをあんきすることになっています。","words":[{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"students"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ダイアログ","gloss":"dialogue"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"あんき","gloss":"memorize"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are required"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"九","gloss":"nine"},{"word":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"word":"住む","gloss":"to live, reside"},{"word":"ダイアログ","gloss":"dialogue"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about school requirements · Pattern 3 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"What the school requires","paragraphs":["*何か月ぐらい 日本語を 勉強する 事に なっていますか* asks about the required length of study. The answer gives eleven months.","The form *事に なっています* also states days without school and the required number of characters."]}],"lines":[{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.07","source":"あなた方は この 学校で 何か月ぐらい 日本語を 勉強する 事に なっていますか。","translation":"About how many months are you to study Japanese at this school?","reading":"あなたがたはこのがっこうでなんかげつぐらいにほんごをべんきょうすることになっていますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"方","gloss":"you","reading":"がた"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many months","reading":"なん"},{"text":"か月","gloss":"how many months","reading":"かげつ"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.08","source":"十一か月 勉強する 事に なっています。","translation":"We are to study for eleven months.","reading":"じゅういっかげつべんきょうすることになっています。","words":[{"text":"十","gloss":"eleven"},{"text":"一","gloss":"eleven"},{"text":"か月","gloss":"months"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"事","gloss":"it","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are required"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are required"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.08.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.09","source":"土曜日にも 学校へ 行きますか。","translation":"Do you go to school on Saturdays too?","reading":"どようびにもがっこうへいきますか。","words":[{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.10","source":"いいえ、 土曜日と 日曜日には 行かない 事に なっています。","translation":"No, we are not to go on Saturdays or Sundays.","reading":"いいえ、どようびとにちようびにはいかないことになっています。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"日曜","gloss":"Sunday","reading":"にちよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Sunday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行か","gloss":"go","reading":"いか"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are arranged"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are arranged"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are arranged"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are arranged"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.11","source":"この 学校の 生徒は かん字を いくつぐらい 習う 事に なっていますか。","translation":"About how many Chinese characters are the students at this school to learn?","reading":"このがっこうのせいとはかんじをいくつぐらいならうことになっていますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"Chinese characters"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.12","source":"八百五十ぐらい 習う 事に なっています。","translation":"They are to learn about eight hundred and fifty.","reading":"はっぴゃくごじゅうぐらいならうことになっています。","words":[{"text":"八百","gloss":"eight hundred","reading":"はっぴゃく"},{"text":"五十","gloss":"fifty","reading":"ごじゅう"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are scheduled"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are scheduled"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.12.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.13","source":"習う","translation":"to learn","reading":"ならう","words":[{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"八百","gloss":"800"},{"word":"五十","gloss":"50"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Routine action verbs · Pattern 3 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Actions in a routine","paragraphs":["These verbs cover routine actions. *買う* means \"to buy,\" and *うつる* means \"to move.\"","The set ranges from movement to chores and rest. *送る* means \"to send.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.14","source":"買う","translation":"to buy","reading":"かう","words":[{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.14.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.15","source":"帰る","translation":"to return","reading":"かえる","words":[{"text":"帰る","gloss":"return","reading":"かえる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.15.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.16","source":"おきる","translation":"to get up","reading":"おきる","words":[{"text":"おきる","gloss":"get up"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.16.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.17","source":"そうじする","translation":"to clean","reading":"そうじする","words":[{"text":"そうじ","gloss":"cleaning"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.17.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.18","source":"送る","translation":"to send","reading":"おくる","words":[{"text":"送る","gloss":"send","reading":"おくる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.18.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.19","source":"休む","translation":"to rest","reading":"やすむ","words":[{"text":"休む","gloss":"rest","reading":"やすむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.19.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L050.pt3.20","source":"うつる","translation":"to move","reading":"うつる","words":[{"text":"うつる","gloss":"move"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.pt3.20.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"おきる","gloss":"to rise, get up (v.i.)"},{"word":"送る","gloss":"to send (v.t.)"},{"word":"うつる","gloss":"to infect, contract, catch"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Moving to Japan by air · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A posting in Japan","paragraphs":["Major Smith graduates and then goes to Japan. *日本へ 行く 事に なりました* presents the posting as decided.","He expects to travel by plane with his family because he will serve in Japan as a military attaché."]},{"title":"The family and its belongings","paragraphs":["*家族づれ* means \"accompanied by family.\" The family leaves from Travis Air Base on December tenth.","They store large, heavy belongings in the United States and send the other luggage by ship."]}],"lines":[{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.001","source":"スミス大さは 日本語学校を そつぎょうして いよ〱 日本へ 行く 事に なりました。","translation":"After graduating from the Japanese language school, Major Smith is finally going to Japan.","reading":"スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしていよいよにほんへいくことになりました。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"大","gloss":"major","reading":"たい"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"major"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"after"},{"text":"いよ","gloss":"finally"},{"text":"〱","gloss":"finally"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"いよにほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"decision","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.002","source":"大使館づきぶかんとして 日本できん務する 事に なっていますから、 多分 家族づれで 行かなければならないと 思います。","translation":"Since he is to serve in Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, I think he will probably have to take his family with him.","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんできんむすることになっていますから、たぶんかぞくづれでいかなければならないとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"づき","gloss":"attached to"},{"text":"ぶ","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"かん","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"務","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"する","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"多分","gloss":"probably","reading":"たぶん"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"づれ","gloss":"with family"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"行か","gloss":"go","reading":"いか"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"must"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"must"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"think","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.003","source":"ですから、 十二月の 十日に トラビスこう空きちから 飛行機で 出る そうです。","translation":"Therefore, I understand that they will leave Travis Air Base by plane on December tenth.","reading":"ですから、じゅうにがつのとおかにトラビスこうくうきちからひこうきででるそうです。","words":[{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"十","gloss":"December"},{"text":"二","gloss":"December"},{"text":"月","gloss":"December"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"十","gloss":"tenth"},{"text":"日","gloss":"tenth"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"トラビス","gloss":"Travis"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"air base"},{"text":"空き","gloss":"air base","reading":"くうき"},{"text":"ちから","gloss":"from air base"},{"text":"飛行","gloss":"plane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"leave","reading":"でる"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.004","source":"ジェット機なら 早くて、 らくですが、 多分 プロペラ りょかっ機で 行くように なるだろうと 言っていました。","translation":"He said that a jet would be fast and comfortable, but that they would probably end up going by propeller passenger plane.","reading":"ジェットきならはやくて、らくですが、たぶんプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるだろうといっていました。","words":[{"text":"ジェット","gloss":"jet plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"jet plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"if"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"らく","gloss":"comfortable"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"多分","gloss":"probably","reading":"たぶん"},{"text":"プロペラ","gloss":"propeller"},{"text":"り","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"か","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"っ","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"passenger plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"end up"},{"text":"に","gloss":"end up"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"end up"},{"text":"だろう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"said","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"said"},{"text":"い","gloss":"said"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"said"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"said"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.005","source":"家ぐは ほとんど 何でも むこうに あるそうです から、 大きくて 重い 物は 米国で あずけておいて、 外の 荷物は","translation":"Since almost all kinds of furniture are available there, they will leave the large, heavy things in the United States, and as for the other luggage—","reading":"かぐはほとんどなんでもむこうにあるそうですから、おおきくておもいものはべいこくであずけておいて、ほかのにもつは","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"furniture","reading":"か"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"furniture"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"むこう","gloss":"there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"available"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"大きく","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"heavy","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"あずけ","gloss":"leave behind"},{"text":"て","gloss":"leave behind"},{"text":"おい","gloss":"leave behind"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"leave behind"},{"text":"外","gloss":"other","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.006","source":"船で 送るそうです。","translation":"I understand that they will send it by ship.","reading":"ふねでおくるそうです。","words":[{"text":"船","gloss":"ship","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"送る","gloss":"send","reading":"おくる"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Air travel limits and documents · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"What the family can carry","paragraphs":["Air travel limits the family to hand luggage. *日じょういる 物しか 持って 行けません* means they can take only the things needed every day.","The limit is sixty-five pounds for each adult, so Mrs. Smith is busy packing."]},{"title":"A passport but no visa","paragraphs":["*りょけんは いりますが、 さしょうは いりません* means a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.","When a visa is necessary, it can be obtained at the consulate in San Francisco."]}],"lines":[{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.007","source":"で飛行機の りょ行ですから、 手荷物しか 持って 行けません。","translation":"Since they are traveling by plane, they can take only hand luggage.","reading":"でひこうきのりょこうですから、てにもつしかもっていけません。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"飛行","gloss":"plane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"り","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"行","gloss":"travel","reading":"こう"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"て"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"しか","gloss":"only"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.008","source":"手荷物は 大人は 六十五ポンドまでです から、 日じょういる 物しか 持って 行けません。","translation":"The hand-luggage limit is sixty-five pounds per adult, so they can take only the things they need every day.","reading":"てにもつはおとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでですから、にちじょういるものしかもっていけません。","words":[{"text":"手","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"て"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大人","gloss":"adult","reading":"おとな"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六十","gloss":"sixty","reading":"ろくじゅう"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ポンド","gloss":"pounds"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"up to"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"日","gloss":"daily","reading":"にち"},{"text":"じょう","gloss":"daily"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"need"},{"text":"物","gloss":"things","reading":"もの"},{"text":"しか","gloss":"only"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.009","source":"ですから、 スミスさんの 奥さんも 荷づくりで 大へん いそがしいのです。","translation":"Therefore, Mrs. Smith is also very busy packing.","reading":"ですから、スミスさんのおくさんもにづくりでたいへんいそがしいのです。","words":[{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mrs."},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"荷づくり","gloss":"packing","reading":"にづくり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.010","source":"大使館づきぶかんとして、 日本へ 行く 場あいは、 りょけんは いりますが、 さしょうは いりません。","translation":"When going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかんとして、にほんへいくばあいは、りょけんはいりますが、さしょうはいりません。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"づき","gloss":"attached to"},{"text":"ぶ","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"かん","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"as"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"場","gloss":"case","reading":"ば"},{"text":"あい","gloss":"case"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"り","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L050.rd.011","source":"さしょうが いる 場あいは、 サンフランシスコの りょうじ館へ 行って、 それを もらう 事が 出来ます。","translation":"When a visa is necessary, you can go to the consulate in San Francisco and get one.","reading":"さしょうがいるばあいは、サンフランシスコのりょうじかんへいって、それをもらうことができます。","words":[{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"need"},{"text":"場","gloss":"case","reading":"ば"},{"text":"あい","gloss":"case"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"サンフランシスコ","gloss":"San Francisco"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"りょうじ","gloss":"consulate"},{"text":"館","gloss":"consulate","reading":"かん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"もらう","gloss":"receive"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.rd.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"大へん","gloss":"very"},{"word":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"word":"りょうじ","gloss":"consul"},{"word":"もらう","gloss":"to receive (tangible things)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Travel plans and shipped belongings · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The travel arrangements","paragraphs":["The questions ask where, when, and how Major Smith travels, who accompanies him, and what happens to his belongings.","*飛行機で いつ、 どこから 出る 事に なっていますか* means \"When and from where is he to leave by plane?\" An answer gives both the date and place."]}],"lines":[{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.001","source":"スミス大さは 日本語学校を そつぎょうして どこへ 行く 事に なりましたか。","translation":"After graduating from the Japanese language school, where is Major Smith going?","reading":"スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしてどこへいくことになりましたか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"大","gloss":"major","reading":"たい"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"major"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"after"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"decision","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.001.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.002","source":"スミス大さは どんな きん務で 日本へ 行きますか。","translation":"In what capacity is Major Smith going to Japan?","reading":"スミスたいさはどんなきんむでにほんへいきますか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"大","gloss":"major","reading":"たい"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"major"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"き","gloss":"duty"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"duty"},{"text":"務","gloss":"duty"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.002.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.003","source":"一人で 日本へ 行きますか。","translation":"Is he going to Japan by himself?","reading":"ひとりでにほんへいきますか。","words":[{"text":"一人","gloss":"alone","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.003.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.004","source":"飛行機で いつ、 どこから 出る 事に なっていますか。","translation":"When and from where is he to leave by plane?","reading":"ひこうきでいつ、どこからでることになっていますか。","words":[{"text":"飛行","gloss":"plane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"いつ、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"leave","reading":"でる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"arrangement","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is scheduled"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.004.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.005","source":"ジェット機で 日本へ 行くのですか。","translation":"Is he going to Japan by jet?","reading":"ジェットきでにほんへいくのですか。","words":[{"text":"ジェット","gloss":"jet plane"},{"text":"機","gloss":"jet plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.005.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.006","source":"家ぐを 皆 日本へ 持って 行きますか。","translation":"Will he take all his furniture to Japan?","reading":"かぐをみなにほんへもっていきますか。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"furniture","reading":"か"},{"text":"ぐ","gloss":"furniture"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"all","reading":"みな"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"take"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"take","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.006.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.007","source":"大きくて 重い 荷物は どうしますか。","translation":"What will he do with the large, heavy luggage?","reading":"おおきくておもいにもつはどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"大きく","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"heavy","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.007.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.008","source":"外の 荷物は どうしますか。","translation":"What will he do with the other luggage?","reading":"ほかのにもつはどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"外","gloss":"other","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.008.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"き","gloss":"counter for airplanes (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いつ、","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Baggage, passports and visas · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Limits and documents","paragraphs":["The questions ask about the hand-luggage limit, shipping, packing, passports, visas, and the consular procedure.","*手荷物は 何ポンドまで 持って 行けますか* means \"How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?\" An answer gives the weight limit."]}],"lines":[{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.009","source":"飛行機の りょ行で 手荷物を 持って 行けますか。","translation":"Can he take hand luggage when traveling by plane?","reading":"ひこうきのりょこうでてにもつをもっていけますか。","words":[{"text":"飛行","gloss":"plane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"plane","reading":"き"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"り","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"行","gloss":"travel","reading":"こう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"during"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"て"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.009.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.010","source":"手荷物は 何ポンドまで 持って 行けますか。","translation":"How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?","reading":"てにもつはなんポンドまでもっていけますか。","words":[{"text":"手","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"て"},{"text":"荷物","gloss":"hand luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many","reading":"なん"},{"text":"ポンド","gloss":"pounds"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"up to"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"can take","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"can take"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can take","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.010.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.011","source":"荷物は 何で 送りますか。","translation":"How will he send the luggage?","reading":"にもつはなんでおくりますか。","words":[{"text":"荷物","gloss":"luggage","reading":"にもつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"送り","gloss":"send","reading":"おくり"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.011.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.012","source":"だれが 荷づくりを しますか。","translation":"Who will do the packing?","reading":"だれがにづくりをしますか。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"荷づくり","gloss":"packing","reading":"にづくり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.012.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.013","source":"大使館づきぶかんとして 日本へ 行く 場あいには りょけんが いりますか。","translation":"Is a passport necessary when going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy?","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんへいくばあいにはりょけんがいりますか。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"づき","gloss":"attached to"},{"text":"ぶ","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"かん","gloss":"military attaché"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"as"},{"text":"て","gloss":"as"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"場","gloss":"case","reading":"ば"},{"text":"あい","gloss":"case"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"り","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"ょ","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"けん","gloss":"passport"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いり","gloss":"need"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.013.m4a"},{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.014","source":"さしょうは どうですか。","translation":"What about a visa?","reading":"さしょうはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.014.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L050.q.015","source":"さしょうが いる 場あいは どうしなければなりませんか。","translation":"What must he do when a visa is necessary?","reading":"さしょうがいるばあいはどうしなければなりませんか。","words":[{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"need"},{"text":"場","gloss":"case","reading":"ば"},{"text":"あい","gloss":"case"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"must"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.q.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Diplomatic and travel documents · Word list 1 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Offices, documents, and belongings","paragraphs":["These words cover diplomatic travel. *りょ けん* means \"passport,\" and *さしょう* means \"visa.\"","Office names add *館* to the matching title. *りょうじ館* means \"consulate.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.001","source":"りょ けん","translation":"passport","reading":"りょけん","words":[{"text":"りょけん","gloss":"passport"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.001.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.002","source":"さしょう","translation":"visa","reading":"さしょう","words":[{"text":"さしょう","gloss":"visa"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.002.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.003","source":"りょうじ","translation":"consul","reading":"りょうじ","words":[{"text":"りょうじ","gloss":"consul"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.003.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.004","source":"りょうじ館","translation":"consulate","reading":"りょうじかん","words":[{"text":"りょうじ館","gloss":"consulate","reading":"りょうじかん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.004.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.005","source":"そうりょうじ","translation":"consul general","reading":"そうりょうじ","words":[{"text":"そうりょうじ","gloss":"consul general"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.005.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.006","source":"そうりょうじ館","translation":"consulate general","reading":"そうりょうじかん","words":[{"text":"そうりょうじ館","gloss":"consulate general","reading":"そうりょうじかん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.006.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.007","source":"大使","translation":"ambassador","reading":"たいし","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"ambassador","reading":"たいし"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.007.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.008","source":"大使館","translation":"embassy","reading":"たいしかん","words":[{"text":"大使館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいしかん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.008.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.009","source":"荷物","translation":"luggage, baggage, load","reading":"にもつ","words":[{"text":"荷物","gloss":"luggage","reading":"にもつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.009.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.010","source":"家ぐ","translation":"furniture","reading":"かぐ","words":[{"text":"家ぐ","gloss":"furniture","reading":"かぐ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.010.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"りょけん","gloss":"passport"},{"word":"りょうじ館","gloss":"consulate"},{"word":"そうりょうじ","gloss":"consul general"},{"word":"そうりょうじ館","gloss":"consulate general"},{"word":"大使館","gloss":"embassy"},{"word":"家ぐ","gloss":"furniture"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aircraft, airports and baggage words · Word list 2 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Air travel and baggage","paragraphs":["These words cover aircraft and departure places. *ジェット機* means \"jet plane,\" and *こう空きち* means \"air base.\"","The set also covers baggage, weight, and official duty. *手荷物* means \"hand baggage.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.011","source":"しんだい","translation":"bed","reading":"しんだい","words":[{"text":"しんだい","gloss":"bed"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.011.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.012","source":"ジェット機","translation":"jet plane","reading":"ジェットき","words":[{"text":"ジェット機","gloss":"jet plane","reading":"ジェットき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.012.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.013","source":"りょかっ機","translation":"passenger plane","reading":"りょかっき","words":[{"text":"りょかっ機","gloss":"passenger plane","reading":"りょかっき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.013.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.014","source":"飛行場","translation":"airfield, airport","reading":"ひこうじょう","words":[{"text":"飛行場","gloss":"airfield","reading":"ひこうじょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.014.m4a"},{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.015","source":"空港","translation":"airport","reading":"くうこう","words":[{"text":"空港","gloss":"airport","reading":"くうこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.015.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.016","source":"こう空きち","translation":"air base","reading":"こうくうきち","words":[{"text":"こう空きち","gloss":"air base","reading":"こうくうきち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.016.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.017","source":"手荷物","translation":"hand baggage","reading":"てにもつ","words":[{"text":"手荷物","gloss":"hand baggage","reading":"てにもつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.017.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.018","source":"ポンド","translation":"pound","reading":"ポンド","words":[{"text":"ポンド","gloss":"pound"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.018.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.019","source":"プロペラ","translation":"propeller","reading":"プロペラ","words":[{"text":"プロペラ","gloss":"propeller"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.019.m4a"},{"number":169,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.020","source":"きん務","translation":"duty, service, work","reading":"きんむ","words":[{"text":"きん務","gloss":"duty","reading":"きんむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"しんだい","gloss":"bed"},{"word":"ジェット機","gloss":"jet plane"},{"word":"りょかっ機","gloss":"passenger plane"},{"word":"飛行場","gloss":"airfield, airport"},{"word":"こう空きち","gloss":"air base"},{"word":"手荷物","gloss":"hand baggage"},{"word":"きん務","gloss":"duty, service, work"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Shipping and diplomatic service words · Word list 3 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Service and shipping","paragraphs":["These words cover diplomatic service and moving goods. *大使館づきぶかん* means \"military attache.\"","The shipping actions distinguish *荷づくりする*, \"to pack,\" from *送り出す*, \"to send out, ship out.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":170,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.021","source":"大使館づきぶかん","translation":"military attache","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかん","words":[{"text":"大使館づきぶかん","gloss":"military attaché","reading":"たいしかんづきぶかん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.021.m4a"},{"number":171,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.022","source":"せいふ","translation":"government","reading":"せいふ","words":[{"text":"せいふ","gloss":"government"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.022.m4a"},{"number":172,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.023","source":"きん務する","translation":"to serve, be on duty","reading":"きんむする","words":[{"text":"きん務する","gloss":"serve","reading":"きんむする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.023.m4a"},{"number":173,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.024","source":"おいて行く","translation":"to leave behind","reading":"おいていく","words":[{"text":"おいて行く","gloss":"leave behind","reading":"おいていく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.024.m4a"},{"number":174,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.025","source":"あずける","translation":"to entrust, deposit,\nstore","reading":"あずける","words":[{"text":"あずける","gloss":"entrust"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.025.m4a"},{"number":175,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.026","source":"送り出す","translation":"to send out, ship out","reading":"おくりだす","words":[{"text":"送り出す","gloss":"ship out","reading":"おくりだす"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.026.m4a"},{"number":176,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.027","source":"荷づくりする","translation":"to pack","reading":"にづくりする","words":[{"text":"荷づくりする","gloss":"pack","reading":"にづくりする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.027.m4a"},{"number":177,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.028","source":"はけんする","translation":"to send out, dispatch","reading":"はけんする","words":[{"text":"はけんする","gloss":"dispatch"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.028.m4a"},{"number":178,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.029","source":"出ぱつする","translation":"to depart","reading":"しゅっぱつする","words":[{"text":"出ぱつする","gloss":"depart","reading":"しゅっぱつする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.029.m4a"},{"number":179,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.030","source":"出ぱんする","translation":"to sail, depart by boat","reading":"しゅっぱんする","words":[{"text":"出ぱんする","gloss":"sail","reading":"しゅっぱんする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.030.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"大使館づきぶかん","gloss":"military attache"},{"word":"せいふ","gloss":"government"},{"word":"きん務する","gloss":"to serve, be on duty"},{"word":"おいて行く","gloss":"to leave behind"},{"word":"あずける","gloss":"to entrust, deposit,\nstore"},{"word":"送り出す","gloss":"to send out, ship out"},{"word":"荷づくりする","gloss":"to pack"},{"word":"はけんする","gloss":"to send out, dispatch"},{"word":"出ぱつする","gloss":"to depart"},{"word":"出ぱんする","gloss":"to sail, depart by boat"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Travel arrangements and contrast expressions · Word list 4 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Arrangements and contrasts","paragraphs":["These expressions cover decisions, accompanied travel, negative predictions, and unexpected contrasts. *事になりました* means \"It was decided that.\"","The ending *まい* means \"will probably not,\" while *のに* means \"in spite of\" or \"although.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":180,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.031","source":"らくな","translation":"NA-adjective\ncomfortable, pleasant","reading":"らくな","words":[{"text":"らくな","gloss":"comfortable"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.031.m4a"},{"number":181,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.032","source":"いよいよ","translation":"at last, finally","reading":"いよいよ","words":[{"text":"いよいよ","gloss":"at last"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.032.m4a"},{"number":182,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.033","source":"--事になっています","translation":"It is stipulated that,\nit is customary that\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--ことになっています","words":[{"text":"--事になっています","gloss":"is customary that","reading":"--ことになっています"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.033.m4a"},{"number":183,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.034","source":"--事になりました","translation":"It was decided\nthat --- (See Grammar\nNotes)","reading":"--ことになりました","words":[{"text":"--事になりました","gloss":"was decided that","reading":"--ことになりました"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.034.m4a"},{"number":184,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.035","source":"ああ","translation":"Oh, yes","reading":"ああ","words":[{"text":"ああ","gloss":"oh, yes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.035.m4a"},{"number":185,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.036","source":"家族づれ","translation":"accompanied by family\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"かぞくづれ","words":[{"text":"家族づれ","gloss":"accompanied by family","reading":"かぞくづれ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.036.m4a"},{"number":186,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.037","source":"--まい","translation":"will probably not\n(conjectural negative\nsuffix (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--まい","words":[{"text":"--まい","gloss":"probably will not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.037.m4a"},{"number":187,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.038","source":"--として","translation":"as, in the capacity of","reading":"--として","words":[{"text":"--として","gloss":"in the capacity of"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.038.m4a"},{"number":188,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.039","source":"--の場あい","translation":"in case of ---","reading":"--のばあい","words":[{"text":"--の場あい","gloss":"in case of","reading":"--のばあい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.039.m4a"},{"number":189,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.040","source":"--のに","translation":"in spite of, although\n(See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--のに","words":[{"text":"--のに","gloss":"although"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.040.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"らくな","gloss":"NA-adjective\ncomfortable, pleasant"},{"word":"--事になっています","gloss":"It is stipulated that,\nit is customary that\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"--事になりました","gloss":"It was decided\nthat --- (See Grammar\nNotes)"},{"word":"ああ","gloss":"Oh, yes"},{"word":"家族づれ","gloss":"accompanied by family\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"--まい","gloss":"will probably not\n(conjectural negative\nsuffix (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"--として","gloss":"as, in the capacity of"},{"word":"--の場あい","gloss":"in case of ---"},{"word":"--のに","gloss":"in spite of, although\n(See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Visas, shipping and departure expressions · Word list 5 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Visas, shipping, and departure","paragraphs":["*さしょうは 大使館、 そうりょうじ館、 又は りょうじ館で もらいます* means \"You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate.\"","In *一か月前に 送り出しておいたのに、 着かないで こまりました*, *のに* contrasts advance shipping with luggage that did not arrive in time.","*出ぱんは いつですか* asks \"When is the sailing day?\""]}],"lines":[{"number":190,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.041","source":"らくだ","translation":"-- is comfortable","reading":"らくだ","words":[{"text":"らくだ","gloss":"is comfortable"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.041.m4a"},{"number":191,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.042","source":"--ように なる","translation":"to become so as to --","reading":"--ようになる","words":[{"text":"--ようになる","gloss":"become so as to"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.042.m4a"},{"number":192,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.043","source":"さしょうは 大使館、 そうりょうじ館、 又は りょうじ館で もらいます。","translation":"You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate.","reading":"さしょうはたいしかん、そうりょうじかん、またはりょうじかんでもらいます。","words":[{"text":"さしょうは大使館、そうりょうじ館、又はりょうじ館でもらいます。","gloss":"get a visa","reading":"さしょうはたいしかん、そうりょうじかん、またはりょうじかんでもらいます。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.043.m4a"},{"number":193,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.044","source":"大使","translation":"'ambassador'","reading":"たいし","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"ambassador","reading":"たいし"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.044.m4a"},{"number":194,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.045","source":"そうりょうじ","translation":"'consul general'","reading":"そうりょうじ","words":[{"text":"そうりょうじ","gloss":"consul general"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.045.m4a"},{"number":195,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.046","source":"りょうじ","translation":"'consul'","reading":"りょうじ","words":[{"text":"りょうじ","gloss":"consul"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.046.m4a"},{"number":196,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.047","source":"それは いい かんがえです。","translation":"That's a good idea.","reading":"それはいいかんがえです。","words":[{"text":"それはいいかんがえです。","gloss":"that's a good idea"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.047.m4a"},{"number":197,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.048","source":"私は この前、 フランスへ はけんされた 時、 荷物は 出ぱつの 一か月前に 送り出しておいたのに、 着かないで こまりました。","translation":"When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time.","reading":"わたくしはこのまえ、フランスへはけんされたとき、にもつはしゅっぱつのいっかげつまえにおくりだしておいたのに、つかないでこまりました。","words":[{"text":"私はこの前、フランスへはけんされた時、荷物は出ぱつの一か月前に送り出しておいたのに、着かないでこまりました。","gloss":"luggage didn't arrive","reading":"わたくしはこのまえ、フランスへはけんされたとき、にもつはしゅっぱつのいっかげつまえにおくりだしておいたのに、つかないでこまりました。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.048.m4a"},{"number":198,"id":"ja.dli.L050.w.049","source":"出ぱんは いつですか。","translation":"When is the sailing day?","reading":"しゅっぱんはいつですか。","words":[{"text":"出ぱんはいつですか。","gloss":"sailing day","reading":"しゅっぱんはいつですか。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L050.w.049.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"らくだ","gloss":"-- is comfortable"},{"word":"--ようになる","gloss":"to become so as to --"},{"word":"さしょうは大使館、そうりょうじ館、又はりょうじ館でもらいます。","gloss":"\"You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate.\""},{"word":"それはいいかんがえです。","gloss":"\"That's a good idea.\""},{"word":"私はこの前、フランスへはけんされた時、荷物は出ぱつの一か月前に送り出しておいたのに、着かないでこまりました。","gloss":"\"When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time.\""},{"word":"出ぱんはいつですか。","gloss":"\"When is the sailing day?\""}],"paradigms":[]}]}