{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L053","title":"Lesson 53","stage":"Kanji and everyday Japanese","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 53: embassy obligations and tea · dialogue 1 of 4, celebrating a new grandchild · dialogue 2 of 4, counting brothers and sisters · dialogue 3 of 4, asking about an older sister · dialogue 4 of 4, giving examples in a list · perception drill, asking about usual actions · perception drill, expressing emphatic certainty · perception drill, listing examples and alternatives · pattern 1 1 of 2, uncertain choices and reasons · pattern 1 2 of 2, respectful descriptions of actions · pattern 2 1 of 3, asking about habits and arrival · pattern 2 2 of 3, everyday action verbs · pattern 2 3 of 3, firmly agreeing to act · pattern 3 1 of 2, confirming help and knowledge · pattern 3 2 of 2, tea and family news · reading selection 1 of 2, grandchildren and extended family · reading selection 2 of 2, asking about the family visit · questions 1 of 2, asking about siblings and grandchildren · questions 2 of 2, social visits and obligations · word list 1 of 4, new grandchildren and siblings · word list 2 of 4, sibling terms and honorifics · word list 3 of 4, relatives and family affection · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/53","lines":168},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/52","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/54","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Embassy obligations and tea · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A visit without his wife","paragraphs":["A guest has come without his wife. *一緒に おうかがい 出来ませんでした* means \"she could not come with me to visit you.\"","Here *出来ませんでした* expresses that she was unable to come."]},{"title":"A humble visit","paragraphs":["In *一緒に おうかがい 出来ませんでした*, humble *おうかがい* means \"to visit you.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 大","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.001","source":"ほうもん (二)","translation":"Visit (2)","reading":"ほうもん(に)","words":[{"text":"ほう","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"もん","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"(二)","gloss":"two","reading":"に"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.002","source":"今日は 奥様は 御一緒 ではないのですか。","translation":"Isn't your wife with you today?","reading":"きょうはおくさまはごいっしょではないのですか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"様","gloss":"wife","reading":"さま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"with you","reading":"ご"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"with you","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.003","source":"大使館の お茶の 会に 出なければならないので、 一緒に おうかがい 出来ませんでした。","translation":"She has to attend the tea party at the Embassy, so she couldn't come with me to visit you.","reading":"たいしかんのおちゃのかいにでなければならないので、いっしょにおうかがいできませんでした。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"at"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"会","gloss":"party","reading":"かい"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出","gloss":"attend","reading":"で"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must attend"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"must attend"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"must"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"お","gloss":"come visit"},{"text":"うかがい","gloss":"come visit"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"could come","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.004","source":"さようで 御ざいますか。 おつきあいで、 おいそがしいのでしょうね。","translation":"Is that so? She must be busy with social obligations.","reading":"さようでございますか。おつきあいで、おいそがしいのでしょうね。","words":[{"text":"さよう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"お","gloss":"social obligations"},{"text":"つきあい","gloss":"social obligations"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"with"},{"text":"お","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.005","source":"ええ、 社こうの 事を うるさく 言いますので、 私たちも 時々 めいわくに かんじます。","translation":"Yes, they insist on the importance of social matters. Sometimes we feel a little annoyed by it.","reading":"ええ、しゃこうのことをうるさくいいますので、わたくしたちもときどきめいわくにかんじます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"社","gloss":"social matters","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"social matters"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matters","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"うるさく","gloss":"strongly"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"insist","reading":"いい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"私","gloss":"we","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"we"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"時々","gloss":"sometimes","reading":"ときどき"},{"text":"めいわく","gloss":"annoyed"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"かんじ","gloss":"feel"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.006","source":"そうでしょうね。 ------","translation":"I understand. (By the way, there is nothing worth mentioning), but will you have some tea?","reading":"そうでしょうね。------","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。------","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"TOKA---TOKA IU\n\nTOKA---TOKA IU is usually represented by the pattern A TOKA B TOKA IU. A and B represent either basic forms of verbs or nouns or basic forms of I-adjectives.\n\nThe pattern A TOKA B TOKA IU can be used as a predicate and translated 'to say this or that' or 'to say this and that and so forth.'\n\nExamples:\n\nANO HITO WA IKU TOKA IKANAI TOKA ITTE IMASU. \"He is saying that he is going or he is not going.\"\n\nANO HITO WA NIHONGO WA MUZUKASHII TOKA OMOSHIROKU NAI TOKA ITTE IMASU. \"He is saying that Japanese is difficult or it is not interesting and so on.\"\n\nThe expression A TOKA B TOKA can be used as a noun phrase in which case it can best be translated as 'A and B and other things' or 'such things as A and B.'\n\nExamples:\n\nKINOO WA SAKANA TOKA YASAI TOKA KATTA.\n\n\"Yesterday I bought fish, vegetables, and other things.\"\n\nANO MISE DEWA BIIRU TOKA SAKE TOKA UTTE IMASU. \"That store sells beer, SAKE, and other things.\""},{"section":2,"text":"Honorific: O + Second base of a verb + DESU\n\nWhen speaking of an action of a superior, one may use the honorific form of a verb according to the following construction pattern:\n\nO + Second base of a verb + DESU\n\nExamples:\n\nKYOO WA DOKOKA E O-DEKAKE DESU KA. \"Are you going some place today?\"\n\nOTOMODACHI O O-TAZUNE DESU KA. \"Are you visiting your friend?\"\n\nANO KATA WA NIHONGO O O-HANASHI DESU. \"He speaks Japanese.\"\n\nIn the case of a verb of Chinese origin, like BENKYOO SURU, SANPO SURU, SOTSUGYOO SURU, and so forth, it take GO for honorific. This construction pattern has already been introduced in Lesson 52."},{"section":3,"text":"TOMO\n\nTOMO is a particle which comes at the end of a sentence and gives emphasis. It can best be translated\n\n'surely,' 'of course,' or 'certainly.'\n\nExamples:\n\nIKU TOMO. \"Surely, I'm going.\"\n\nTABEMASU TOMO. \"Of course, I'll eat it.\"\n\nSOO DESU TOMO. \"It's just as you say.\" \"You are right.\"\n\nSORE DE II DESU TOMO. \"Certainly, that will do.\""},{"section":4,"text":"DEKIRU\n\nDEKIRU has a variety of meanings; so instead of listing all the possible meanings, a few examples will be given to illustrate some of them.\n\nExample:\n\nMAGO GA DEKITA. \"A grandchild was born.\"\n\nSHOKUJI GA DEKITA. \"Dinner is ready.\"\n\nOKANE GA DEKIRU. \"To make money\"\n\nYOOJI GA DEKITA. \"Some business turned up.\""},{"section":5,"text":"ANI, ANE, (O)NIISAN, (O)NEESAN\n\nWhen you are talking to someone about your own brothers and sisters, you would use ANI (elder brother) and ANE (elder sister), but when you are talking to others about their brothers and sisters, you would use (O)NIISAN (elder brother) and (O)NEESAN (elder sister). Also if you are addressing your own elder brother, you call him not by his name but NIISAN, or NEESAN if you are addressing your elder sister."},{"section":6,"text":"SANNIN KYOODAI\n\nSANNIN KYOODAI means you are one of three brothers and sisters, and YONIN KYOODAI means you are one of four brothers and sisters, and so on. You would say WATAKUSHI WA KYOODAI GA FUTARI ARIMASU, when you have two brothers or sisters."},{"section":7,"text":"Honorific and Humble Verbs\n\nAGARU\n\nAGARU literally means 'to come up.' Since one has to step up in order to get into a Japanese house, this is used. So, OAGARI KUDASAI means \"Please come in.\"\n\nAnother meaning of AGARU is 'to go.' KONBAN ANATA NO UCHI E AGARIMASU means \"I'll go to your home\" and it carries the same meaning as MAIRIMASU, which is a humble word.\n\nStill another meaning of AGARU is 'to eat.' Sometimes MESHIAGARU is used, which is an honorific word."},{"section":8,"text":"UKAGAU\n\nUKAGAU is a humble word and means 'to call on (a person),' or 'to visit,' 'to ask,' 'to hear,' depending on the context of the sentence.\n\nMOO HITOTSU UKAGAITAI KOTO GA ARIMASU. \"I have another question to ask you.\"\n\nWATAKUSHI WA SORE O ANO HITO KARA UKAGAIMASHITA. \"I heard that from him.\"\n\nKONBAN ANATA NO UCHI E UKAGAIMASU. \"I'll pay you a visit tonight.\""},{"section":9,"text":"ZONJIRU\n\nZONJIRU has two meanings, 'to know' (ZONJITE IMASU and ZONJITE ORIMASU are the humble equivalents of SHITTE IMASU) and 'I think' (usually used with the particle TO, i.e. ---TO ZONJIMASU. ---TO ZONJIMASU is the humble equivalent of ---TO OMOIMASU.)"}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"(二)","gloss":"two"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"大使","gloss":"ambassador"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"つきあい","gloss":"social association"},{"word":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"時々","gloss":"sometimes, occasionally"},{"word":"めいわく","gloss":"annoyance, bother"},{"word":"かんじ","gloss":"Kanji (Chinese characters)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Celebrating a new grandchild · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Tea and congratulations","paragraphs":["A host offers tea, and the guest congratulates her on a new grandchild.","*お孫さんが 出来て* reports the grandchild's birth, one meaning of *DEKIRU*."]},{"title":"A respectful offer of tea","paragraphs":["*どうぞ お茶でも お上りください* respectfully invites the guest to have some tea.","In this invitation, *お上りください* asks the guest to drink."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.007","source":"あのう、 何も 御ざいませんが、 どうぞ お茶でも お上りください。","translation":"It's a happy event.","reading":"あのう、なにもございませんが、どうぞおちゃでもおあがりください。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"well"},{"text":"う、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"御","gloss":"have","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"have"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"for example"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"お","gloss":"have some"},{"text":"上り","gloss":"have some","reading":"あがり"},{"text":"ください。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.008","source":"はあ、 いただきます。 ------","translation":"Thank you, I'll have some. Congratulations for having been blessed with a grandchild recently.","reading":"はあ、いただきます。------","words":[{"text":"はあ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"いただき","gloss":"will have"},{"text":"ます。------","gloss":"will have"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.009","source":"このたびは お孫さんが 出来て、 お目出とう 御ざいます。","translation":"Of course it is.","reading":"このたびはおまごさんができて、おめでとうございます。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this occasion"},{"text":"たび","gloss":"this occasion"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"grandchild"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchild","reading":"まご"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"grandchild"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"was born","reading":"でき"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"congratulations"},{"text":"目出とう","gloss":"congratulations","reading":"めでとう"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.010","source":"ありがとう 御ざいます。","translation":"Thank you. Since my nephew and niece have children, I was hoping that my daughter, too, would be blessed with a child.","reading":"ありがとうございます。","words":[{"text":"ありがとう","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.011","source":"おいやめいには 子供が ありますので、 家の むすめにも 早く 一人 出来たらよいと 思っていたのです。","translation":"Yes, I have an elder brother, an elder sister, two younger brothers, and a younger sister. I'm one of six brothers and sisters.","reading":"おいやめいにはこどもがありますので、うちのむすめにもはやくひとりできたらよいとおもっていたのです。","words":[{"text":"おい","gloss":"nephew"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"めい","gloss":"niece"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"家","gloss":"my family","reading":"うち"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"むすめ","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"soon","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one child","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"be born","reading":"でき"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"if"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"was hoping","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was hoping"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was hoping"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was hoping"},{"text":"の","gloss":"was hoping"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"was hoping"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.012","source":"お目出たい事です。","translation":"Yes, my elder sister already has three grandchildren.","reading":"おめでたいことです。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"happy event"},{"text":"目出たい","gloss":"happy event","reading":"めでたい"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ください。","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます。------","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"孫","gloss":"grandchild"},{"word":"おい","gloss":"nephew"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"めい","gloss":"niece"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"目出たい","gloss":"happy"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Counting brothers and sisters · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Whose older sibling","paragraphs":["The speaker uses *兄* and *姉* for his own older brother and sister. Another person asks about them with *おねえさん* and *おにいさん*."]},{"title":"The whole sibling group","paragraphs":["*六人兄弟です* means that the speaker is one of six siblings. A number plus *KYOODAI* includes the person speaking.","*おありでしたか* respectfully asks whether the speaker had an older sister and brother.","*そうですとも* strongly confirms the statement about a grandchild."]},{"title":"Kanji: 兄, 姉, 弟, 妹","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.013","source":"おいやめいの 子も かわいいですけど、 自分の 孫は 又 特別で 御ざいますよ。","translation":"Nephews' and nieces' children are lovable, too, but your own grandchild is something special, you see.","reading":"おいやめいのこもかわいいですけど、じぶんのまごはまたとくべつでございますよ。","words":[{"text":"おい","gloss":"nephew"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"めい","gloss":"niece"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"子","gloss":"children","reading":"こ"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"かわいい","gloss":"lovable"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"けど、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"one's own","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchild","reading":"まご"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"特別","gloss":"special","reading":"とくべつ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.014","source":"そうですとも。","translation":"She lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota.","reading":"そうですとも。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"certainly so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"certainly so"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.015","source":"あなたは 御兄弟が おありですね。","translation":"You have brothers and sisters, don't you?","reading":"あなたはごきょうだいがおありですね。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"siblings","reading":"ご"},{"text":"兄弟","gloss":"siblings","reading":"きょうだい"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"have"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"です","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.016","source":"はい、 兄と 姉が 一人ずつ、 弟が 二人、 妹が 一人 あります。 六人兄弟です。","translation":"Yes, I have one older brother and one older sister, two younger brothers, and one younger sister. There are six of us siblings.","reading":"はい、あにとあねがひとりずつ、おとうとがふたり、いもうとがひとりあります。ろくにんきょうだいです。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"兄","gloss":"older brother","reading":"あに"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"姉","gloss":"older sister","reading":"あね"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"ずつ、","gloss":"each"},{"text":"弟","gloss":"younger brother","reading":"おとうと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"二人、","gloss":"two people","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"妹","gloss":"younger sister","reading":"いもうと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six siblings"},{"text":"人","gloss":"six siblings"},{"text":"兄弟","gloss":"six siblings"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.017","source":"さようで 御ざいますか。 おねえさんも おにいさんも おありでしたか。","translation":"Is that right? So, you have an elder sister and an elder brother?","reading":"さようでございますか。おねえさんもおにいさんもおありでしたか。","words":[{"text":"さよう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"にい","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"お","gloss":"have"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.018","source":"はい、 そして 姉には もう 孫が 三人 あります。","translation":"Yes, and my older sister already has three grandchildren.","reading":"はい、そしてあねにはもうまごがさんにんあります。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"姉","gloss":"older sister","reading":"あね"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchildren","reading":"まご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three people","reading":"さん"},{"text":"人","gloss":"three people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"has"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かわいい","gloss":"dear, lovely, charming"},{"word":"自分","gloss":"self"},{"word":"兄弟","gloss":"brothers and sisters"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"兄","gloss":"older brother"},{"word":"姉","gloss":"elder sister"},{"word":"ずつ、","gloss":"each (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"弟","gloss":"younger brother"},{"word":"二人、","gloss":"2 people"},{"word":"妹","gloss":"younger sister"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about an older sister · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Her home and her husband","paragraphs":["One speaker asks where the older sister lives and what her husband does.","*どこに いらっしゃいますか* asks \"where is she?\" The answer places her in Minneapolis."]},{"title":"A humble statement of knowledge","paragraphs":["*ちっとも ぞんじませんでした* means \"I did not know that at all.\" *ZONJIRU* humbly means \"to know\" here."]},{"title":"Kanji: 主","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.019","source":"さようで 御ざいますか。 ちっとも ぞんじませんでした。 どこに いらっしゃいますか。","translation":"Is that so? I didn't know that. Where is she?","reading":"さようでございますか。ちっともぞんじませんでした。どこにいらっしゃいますか。","words":[{"text":"さよう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is, polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"ちっとも","gloss":"at all"},{"text":"ぞんじ","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.020","source":"ミネソタの ミネアポリス市に 住んでいます。","translation":"She lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota.","reading":"ミネソタのミネアポリスしにすんでいます。","words":[{"text":"ミネソタ","gloss":"Minnesota"},{"text":"の","gloss":"in"},{"text":"ミネアポリス","gloss":"Minneapolis"},{"text":"市","gloss":"city","reading":"し"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"lives"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.021","source":"むすめさんの 御主人は 何を していらっしゃいますか。","translation":"What does her husband do?","reading":"むすめさんのごしゅじんはなにをしていらっしゃいますか。","words":[{"text":"むすめ","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"御","gloss":"husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"does"},{"text":"て","gloss":"does"},{"text":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"does"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"does"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L053.dlg.022","source":"自分で 小さい 会社を 持っています。","translation":"She has a small company of her own.","reading":"じぶんでちいさいかいしゃをもっています。","words":[{"text":"自分","gloss":"her own","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"小さい","gloss":"small","reading":"ちいさい"},{"text":"会社","gloss":"company","reading":"かいしゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"has","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has"},{"text":"い","gloss":"has"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"has"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.dlg.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ちっとも","gloss":"not even a little (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"会社","gloss":"company, firm"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Giving examples in a list · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"Opposite reports","paragraphs":["*行くとか 行かないとか 言います* means \"he says he is going, and he is not going, so nothing is definite.\"","A *とか* B *とか 言います* reports this or that. A and B can be basic forms of verbs or I-adjectives."]},{"title":"Examples, not the whole list","paragraphs":["*牛肉とか やさいとか 沢山 買いました* means \"I bought many things, such as beef and vegetables.\"","With nouns, A *とか* B *とか* means \"A and B and other things.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.01","source":"ビールとか さけとか 売っています。","translation":"He sells beer, Japanese sake, and so on.","reading":"ビールとかさけとかうっています。","words":[{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"さけ","gloss":"sake"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"sells","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sells"},{"text":"い","gloss":"sells"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"sells"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.02","source":"行くとか 行かないとか 言います。","translation":"He says he is going, and he is not going, so nothing is definite.","reading":"いくとかいかないとかいいます。","words":[{"text":"行く","gloss":"will go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"行か","gloss":"go","reading":"いか"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"says","reading":"いい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.03","source":"山田さんは 今晩 来るとか 来ないとか 言って、 はっきりしていません。","translation":"Mr. Yamada says he may come tonight or he may not, so it is not clear.","reading":"やまださんはこんばんくるとかこないとかいって、はっきりしていません。","words":[{"text":"山田","gloss":"Yamada","reading":"やまだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"saying","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"saying"},{"text":"はっきり","gloss":"clearly"},{"text":"し","gloss":"is"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.04","source":"ある 生徒は むずかしいとか 言葉が 多いとか 言って 勉強しません。","translation":"Some students do not study, saying that it is difficult or that there are too many words.","reading":"あるせいとはむずかしいとかことばがおおいとかいってべんきょうしません。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"words","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"too many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"saying","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"saying"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.05","source":"私は 食料品店で 牛肉とか やさいとか 沢山 買いました。","translation":"I bought a lot of things at the grocery store, such as beef and vegetables.","reading":"わたくしはしょくりょうひんてんでぎゅうにくとかやさいとかたくさんかいました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"食料","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"品","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"店","gloss":"grocery store"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"牛肉","gloss":"beef","reading":"ぎゅうにく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"やさい","gloss":"vegetables"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many things","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"bought","reading":"かい"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.06","source":"この 店では 日本の ざっしとか 本とか レコードとか 売っています。","translation":"This store sells Japanese magazines, books, records, and so on.","reading":"このみせではにほんのざっしとかほんとかレコードとかうっています。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazines"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"本","gloss":"books","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"レコード","gloss":"records"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"sells","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sells"},{"text":"い","gloss":"sells"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"sells"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp1.07","source":"日本語の 生徒は かん字とか ひらがなとか 習わなければ なりません。","translation":"Students of Japanese have to learn kanji, hiragana, and so on.","reading":"にほんごのせいとはかんじとかひらがなとかならわなければなりません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"ひらがな","gloss":"hiragana"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"習わ","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならわ"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must learn"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"must learn"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp1.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"はっきり","gloss":"clearly"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"word":"店","gloss":"store, shop"},{"word":"牛肉","gloss":"beef"},{"word":"やさい","gloss":"vegetable"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"},{"word":"ひらがな","gloss":"HIRAGANA syllabary"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about usual actions · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"A respectful question about understanding","paragraphs":["*日本語が おわかりですか* means \"do you understand Japanese?\" It respectfully asks about the other person's action.","Put *お* before a verb's second base and *です* after it to speak of a superior's action."]},{"title":"The action between お and です","paragraphs":["*ビールを お飲みですか* means \"do you drink beer?\" The verb's second base stands between *お* and *です*."]}],"lines":[{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.01","source":"山本さんは もう お 休みです。","translation":"Mr. Yamamoto has already retired.","reading":"やまもとさんはもうおやすみです。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"お","gloss":"retired"},{"text":"休み","gloss":"retired","reading":"やすみ"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.02","source":"日本語が おわかりですか。","translation":"Do you understand Japanese?","reading":"にほんごがおわかりですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"です","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.03","source":"はい、 少し わかります。","translation":"Yes, I understand a little.","reading":"はい、すこしわかります。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.04","source":"何時頃 お帰りですか。","translation":"About what time will you return?","reading":"なんじごろおかえりですか。","words":[{"text":"何時頃","gloss":"about what time","reading":"なんじごろ"},{"text":"お","gloss":"return"},{"text":"帰り","gloss":"return","reading":"かえり"},{"text":"です","gloss":"return"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.05","source":"五、六 帰ります。","translation":"I will return around five or six.","reading":"ご、ろくかえります。","words":[{"text":"五、","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"帰り","gloss":"return","reading":"かえり"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.06","source":"ビールを お飲みですか。","translation":"Do you drink beer?","reading":"ビールをおのみですか。","words":[{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.07","source":"はい、 少し 飲みます。","translation":"Yes, I drink a little.","reading":"はい、すこしのみます。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.08","source":"いつ頃 日本へ おたちですか。","translation":"About when are you leaving for Japan?","reading":"いつごろにほんへおたちですか。","words":[{"text":"いつ頃","gloss":"about when","reading":"いつごろ"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"お","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"です","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp2.09","source":"今月の 終り頃 たちます。","translation":"I am leaving around the end of this month.","reading":"こんげつのおわりごろたちます。","words":[{"text":"今月","gloss":"this month","reading":"こんげつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"終り頃","gloss":"around the end"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp2.09.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"},{"word":"五、","gloss":"five"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"今月","gloss":"this month"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Expressing emphatic certainty · Perception drill, Block 3","teaching":[{"title":"Certainty at the end","paragraphs":["*出来ますとも* means \"certainly he can.\" The particle *とも* comes at the end of a sentence and adds emphasis.","It can mean \"surely\" or \"certainly.\""]},{"title":"Plain and polite answers","paragraphs":["*来るとも* means \"certainly he will come.\" *行きますとも* means \"certainly, I will go.\"","*とも* follows either a plain verb or a polite verb in these answers."]}],"lines":[{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.01","source":"行きますとも。","translation":"Of course, I'll go.","reading":"いきますとも。","words":[{"text":"行き","gloss":"will go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.01.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.02","source":"スミスさんは 日本語が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can Mr. Smith speak Japanese?","reading":"スミスさんはにほんごができますか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can speak","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.02.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.03","source":"出来ますとも、 日本で 生まれて、 日本で 学校へ 行ったのですから。","translation":"Of course he can; he was born in Japan and went to school there.","reading":"できますとも、にほんでうまれて、にほんでがっこうへいったのですから。","words":[{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"とも、","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"生まれ","gloss":"was born","reading":"うまれ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"went","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.03.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.04","source":"日本へ 行った 事が ありますか。","translation":"Have you ever been to Japan?","reading":"にほんへいったことがありますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"went","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.04.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.05","source":"ありますとも。 三度ばかり。","translation":"Of course I have—about three times.","reading":"ありますとも。さんどばかり。","words":[{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three times","reading":"さん"},{"text":"度","gloss":"three times","reading":"ど"},{"text":"ばかり。","gloss":"about"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.05.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.06","source":"日本の 食べ物を 食べますか。","translation":"Do you eat Japanese food?","reading":"にほんのたべものをたべますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"食べ物","gloss":"food"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.06.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.07","source":"食べますとも。 私は 日本の 食べ物が 大好き (like very much) ですから。","translation":"Of course I do; I like Japanese food very much.","reading":"たべますとも。わたくしはにほんのたべものがだいすきですから。","words":[{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"食べ物","gloss":"food"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"大好き","gloss":"like very much","reading":"だいすき"},{"text":"(like","gloss":"like"},{"text":"very","gloss":"very"},{"text":"much)","gloss":"much"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.07.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.08","source":"田中さんは 今晩 来るでしょうか。","translation":"Do you think Mr. Tanaka will come tonight?","reading":"たなかさんはこんばんくるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.08.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.09","source":"来るとも。 あの人が 来ると 言ったら、 きっと 来るよ。","translation":"Of course he will; if he says he will come, he will certainly come.","reading":"くるとも。あのひとがくるといったら、きっとくるよ。","words":[{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"とも。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"said","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"きっと","gloss":"certainly"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"will come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.09.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.10","source":"日本人の 友だちに 手紙を 出したいのですが、 日本語で 書いてくださいませんか。","translation":"I want to send a letter to a Japanese friend; would you please write it in Japanese for me?","reading":"にほんじんのともだちにてがみをだしたいのですが、にほんごでかいてくださいませんか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"send","reading":"だし"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"書い","gloss":"write","reading":"かい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"write"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.10.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L053.gp3.11","source":"ええ、 書いて 上げるとも。","translation":"Yes, of course I will write it for you.","reading":"ええ、かいてあげるとも。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"書い","gloss":"write","reading":"かい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"write"},{"text":"上げる","gloss":"for you","reading":"あげる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.gp3.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から。","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"大好き","gloss":"be very fond of, like very much"},{"word":"きっと","gloss":"surely"},{"word":"手紙","gloss":"letter (correspondence)"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"上げる","gloss":"to give (to a superior) (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Listing examples and alternatives · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Coming or not coming","paragraphs":["*来るとか 来ないとか 言って、 はっきりしません* reports that someone says he is coming and not coming, so nothing is definite.","The *とか* alternatives are opposite verb forms."]},{"title":"Representative places","paragraphs":["*はこねとか にっこうとか* gives Hakone and Nikko as examples of Japan's many scenic places.","Here *とか* marks representative nouns, not every place in the group."]}],"lines":[{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.01","source":"あの人は 来るとか 来ないとか 言って、 はっきりしません。","translation":"He says he is coming at one time and not at another time, but it's not very definite.","reading":"あのひとはくるとかこないとかいって、はっきりしません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"来","gloss":"not come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not come"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"say","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"say"},{"text":"はっきり","gloss":"clearly"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.02","source":"この店では、 ざっしとか 本とか 売っています。","translation":"They sell magazines, books, and other things at this store.","reading":"このみせでは、ざっしとかほんとかうっています。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ざっし","gloss":"magazines"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"本","gloss":"books","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"sell","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"い","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"sell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.03","source":"スミスさんは 日本へ 行けるとか 行けないとか 言っています。","translation":"Mr. Smith says he may be able to go to Japan or he may not.","reading":"スミスさんはにほんへいけるとかいけないとかいっています。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行ける","gloss":"can go","reading":"いける"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"cannot go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"cannot go"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"says","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"says"},{"text":"い","gloss":"says"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"says"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.04","source":"田中さんは 見たとか 見なかったとか 言っていますから、 どっちが 本とうか わかりません。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka says he saw it and then says he did not, so I do not know which is true.","reading":"たなかさんはみたとかみなかったとかいっていますから、どっちがほんとうかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"見","gloss":"saw","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"saw"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"見","gloss":"did not see","reading":"み"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"did not see"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did not see"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"says","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"says"},{"text":"い","gloss":"says"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"says"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"どっち","gloss":"which one"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"本","gloss":"whether true","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"とうか","gloss":"whether true"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.05","source":"山本さんは あぶないとか、 きまりが 悪いとか 言って やりませんでした。","translation":"Mr. Yamamoto did not do it, saying that it was dangerous or that it was embarrassing.","reading":"やまもとさんはあぶないとか、きまりがわるいとかいってやりませんでした。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あぶない","gloss":"dangerous"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"or"},{"text":"きまり","gloss":"embarrassing"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"悪い","gloss":"embarrassing","reading":"わるい"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"saying","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"saying"},{"text":"やり","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.06","source":"この店では 洋服とか くつとか 売っています。","translation":"This store sells clothes, shoes, and so on.","reading":"このみせではようふくとかくつとかうっています。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"店","gloss":"store","reading":"みせ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"洋服","gloss":"clothes","reading":"ようふく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"売っ","gloss":"sell","reading":"うっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"い","gloss":"sell"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"sell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.07","source":"日本には はこねとか にっこうとか、 けしきの よい所が 多いです。","translation":"Japan has many scenic places, such as Hakone and Nikko.","reading":"にほんにははこねとかにっこうとか、けしきのよいところがおおいです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"は","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"こ","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"ね","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"にっこう","gloss":"Nikko"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"所","gloss":"places","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"どっち","gloss":"which of two (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"あぶない","gloss":"dangerous (I-adj.)"},{"word":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"word":"ね","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"word":"所","gloss":"address, place"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Uncertain choices and reasons · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"An uncertain choice","paragraphs":["*買うとか 買わないとか 言っていますから、 わかりません* means that he says he may buy one or may not, so the speaker does not know.","The two *とか* phrases report opposing possibilities."]},{"title":"Several reported reasons","paragraphs":["*かぜを ひいたとか、 おなかが いたいとか 言っていました* reports a cold and a stomachache as reasons.","Here *とか* joins multiple facts that someone stated."]}],"lines":[{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.08","source":"田中さんは 新しい 車を 買うのですか。","translation":"Is Mr. Tanaka going to buy a new car?","reading":"たなかさんはあたらしいくるまをかうのですか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new","reading":"あたらしい"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"くるま"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.09","source":"買うとか 買わないとか 言っていますから、 わかりません。","translation":"He says he may buy one or he may not, so I do not know.","reading":"かうとかかわないとかいっていますから、わかりません。","words":[{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"買わ","gloss":"not buy","reading":"かわ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not buy"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"says","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"says"},{"text":"い","gloss":"says"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"says"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.10","source":"勉強が いそがしいですか。","translation":"Are you busy with your studies?","reading":"べんきょうがいそがしいですか。","words":[{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studies","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.11","source":"ええ、 新しい 文けいとか かん字とか 勉強 しなければならないから、 大へん いそがしいです。","translation":"Yes, I am very busy because I have to study things such as new sentence patterns and kanji.","reading":"ええ、あたらしいぶんけいとかかんじとかべんきょうしなければならないから、たいへんいそがしいです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new","reading":"あたらしい"},{"text":"文","gloss":"sentence pattern","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"けい","gloss":"sentence pattern"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"have to"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"have to"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"have to"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"have to"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.12","source":"山田さんは 今晩 来るでしょうか。","translation":"Do you think Mr. Yamada will come tonight?","reading":"やまださんはこんばんくるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"山田","gloss":"Yamada","reading":"やまだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"来る","gloss":"come","reading":"くる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt1.13","source":"かぜを ひいたとか、 おなかが いたいとか 言っていましたから、 多分 来ないでしょう。","translation":"He said that he had caught a cold and that his stomach hurt, so he probably will not come.","reading":"かぜをひいたとか、おなかがいたいとかいっていましたから、たぶんこないでしょう。","words":[{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"a cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ひい","gloss":"caught"},{"text":"た","gloss":"caught"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おなか","gloss":"stomach"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いたい","gloss":"hurts"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"and"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"said","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"said"},{"text":"い","gloss":"said"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"said"},{"text":"た","gloss":"said"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"多分","gloss":"probably","reading":"たぶん"},{"text":"来","gloss":"not come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not come"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt1.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"},{"word":"大へん","gloss":"very"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"word":"おなか","gloss":"stomach"},{"word":"いたい","gloss":"painful"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Respectful descriptions of actions · Pattern 2 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Speaking in Japanese","paragraphs":["*スミスさんは いつも 日本語で お話しです* means \"Mr. Smith always speaks in Japanese.\"","The action appears between honorific *お* and *です*."]},{"title":"Going out respectfully","paragraphs":["*いつ頃 お出かけですか* means \"about what time are you going out?\"","The same honorific pattern can describe an action or ask about it."]},{"title":"Kanji: 呼","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.m1","source":"スミスさんは 新しい 車を お 買いです。","translation":"Mr. Smith is going to buy a new car.","reading":"スミスさんはあたらしいくるまをおかいです。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new","reading":"あたらしい"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"くるま"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"buy"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.01","source":"スミスさんは いつも 日本語で お話しです。","translation":"Mr. Smith always speaks in Japanese.","reading":"スミスさんはいつもにほんごでおはなしです。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"お","gloss":"speaks"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speaks","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.02","source":"ジョンズさんは 日本語を お習いです。","translation":"Mr. Jones is studying Japanese.","reading":"ジョンズさんはにほんごをおならいです。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"studying"},{"text":"習い","gloss":"studying"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.03","source":"先生が お呼びですから、 早く 行きなさい。","translation":"The teacher is calling you, so go quickly.","reading":"せんせいがおよびですから、はやくいきなさい。","words":[{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"calling"},{"text":"呼び","gloss":"calling","reading":"よび"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"quickly","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"command"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.04","source":"何時頃 お休みでしたか。","translation":"About what time did you go to bed?","reading":"いつごろおやすみでしたか。","words":[{"text":"何時頃","gloss":"about what time","reading":"いつごろ"},{"text":"お","gloss":"went to bed"},{"text":"休み","gloss":"went to bed","reading":"やすみ"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.05","source":"いつ頃 お出かけですか。","translation":"About what time are you going out?","reading":"いつごろおでかけですか。","words":[{"text":"いつ頃","gloss":"about when"},{"text":"お","gloss":"going out"},{"text":"出かけ","gloss":"going out","reading":"でかけ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.06","source":"あなたは 日本切手を おあつめですか。","translation":"Do you collect Japanese stamps?","reading":"あなたはにほんきってをおあつめですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"stamps"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"あつめ","gloss":"collect"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about habits and arrival · Pattern 2 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A respectful question about a habit","paragraphs":["*家に かぎを おかけですか* asks whether the other person locks the house when leaving.","Honorific *お* and *です* enclose the action in a question about a usual habit."]},{"title":"An expected arrival","paragraphs":["*八時頃 お着きです* means \"he will arrive around eight o'clock.\"","The honorific pattern respectfully states Mr. Tanaka's expected action."]}],"lines":[{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.07","source":"あなたは 家を 出る 時、 家に かぎを おかけですか。","translation":"Do you lock your house when you leave?","reading":"あなたはいえをでるとき、いえにかぎをおかけですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"leave","reading":"でる"},{"text":"時、","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"かぎ","gloss":"lock"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"lock"},{"text":"かけ","gloss":"lock"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.08","source":"ええ、 あぶないから、 かぎを かけておきます。","translation":"Yes, because it would be unsafe, I make sure to lock it.","reading":"ええ、あぶないから、かぎをかけておきます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"あぶない","gloss":"unsafe"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"かぎ","gloss":"lock"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かけ","gloss":"make sure to lock"},{"text":"て","gloss":"make sure to lock"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"make sure to lock"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"make sure to lock"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.09","source":"田中さんは 今晩 何時頃 モンテレーに お着きですか。","translation":"About what time will Mr. Tanaka arrive in Monterey tonight?","reading":"たなかさんはこんばんいつごろモンテレーにおつきですか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何時頃","gloss":"about what time","reading":"いつごろ"},{"text":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"お","gloss":"arrive"},{"text":"着き","gloss":"arrive","reading":"つき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.10","source":"八時頃 お着きです。","translation":"He will arrive around eight o'clock.","reading":"はちじごろおつきです。","words":[{"text":"八","gloss":"eight o'clock"},{"text":"時","gloss":"eight o'clock"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"around"},{"text":"お","gloss":"arrive"},{"text":"着き","gloss":"arrive","reading":"つき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.11","source":"あなたは ゴルフを おやりですか。","translation":"Do you play golf?","reading":"あなたはゴルフをおやりですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"play"},{"text":"やり","gloss":"play"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.12","source":"ええ、 一か月前に 始めたばかりですが。","translation":"Yes, but I only started a month ago.","reading":"ええ、いっかげつまえにはじめたばかりですが。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one"},{"text":"か月","gloss":"month"},{"text":"前","gloss":"ago"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"始め","gloss":"started","reading":"はじめ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"started"},{"text":"ばかり","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が。","gloss":"but"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.13","source":"習う","translation":"to learn","reading":"ならう","words":[{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"時、","gloss":"time"},{"word":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"頃","gloss":"approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"},{"word":"が。","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Everyday action verbs · Pattern 2 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Actions for the honorific pattern","paragraphs":["These verbs name everyday actions used in the honorific pattern.","*わかる* means \"to understand,\" *帰る* means \"to return,\" and *出かける* means \"to go out.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.14","source":"わかる","translation":"to understand","reading":"わかる","words":[{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.15","source":"帰る","translation":"to return","reading":"かえる","words":[{"text":"帰る","gloss":"return","reading":"かえる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.15.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.16","source":"休む","translation":"to rest","reading":"やすむ","words":[{"text":"休む","gloss":"rest","reading":"やすむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.17","source":"困る","translation":"to be troubled","reading":"こまる","words":[{"text":"困る","gloss":"be troubled","reading":"こまる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.17.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.18","source":"読む","translation":"to read","reading":"よむ","words":[{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.19","source":"休む","translation":"to rest","reading":"やすむ","words":[{"text":"休む","gloss":"rest","reading":"やすむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt2.20","source":"出かける","translation":"to go out","reading":"でかける","words":[{"text":"出かける","gloss":"go out","reading":"でかける"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt2.20.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Firmly agreeing to act · Pattern 3 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A firm promise to act","paragraphs":["*手つだうとも* means \"certainly I will help.\" *飲むとも* means \"certainly I will drink it.\"","Sentence-final *とも* makes each affirmative answer emphatic."]},{"title":"Certain ability and knowledge","paragraphs":["*出来ますとも* means \"certainly I can.\" *知っているとも* means \"certainly I know him.\"","The form before *とも* can be plain or polite."]}],"lines":[{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.m1","source":"食べるとも。","translation":"Of course, I'll eat.","reading":"たべるとも。","words":[{"text":"食べる","gloss":"will eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"とも。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.m1.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.01","source":"手つだうとも。","translation":"Of course I will help.","reading":"てつだうとも。","words":[{"text":"手つだう","gloss":"will help","reading":"てつだう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.02","source":"飲むとも。","translation":"Of course I will drink it.","reading":"のむとも。","words":[{"text":"飲む","gloss":"will drink","reading":"のむ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.03","source":"見えるとも。","translation":"Of course I can see it.","reading":"みえるとも。","words":[{"text":"見える","gloss":"can see","reading":"みえる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.04","source":"わかるとも。","translation":"Of course I understand.","reading":"わかるとも。","words":[{"text":"わかる","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.05","source":"出来ますとも。","translation":"Of course I can.","reading":"できますとも。","words":[{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.06","source":"知っているとも。","translation":"Of course I know him.","reading":"しっているとも。","words":[{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"know"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"手つだう","gloss":"to help"},{"word":"見える","gloss":"to be visible, can see (v.i.)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Confirming help and knowledge · Pattern 3 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A firm answer to a request","paragraphs":["A request for help receives *手つだいますとも*, \"certainly I will.\" The polite verb plus *とも* firmly accepts the request.","The speaker then asks what time to come."]},{"title":"Certain knowledge and importance","paragraphs":["*知っているとも* answers a question about knowing Mr. Tanaka. *大切ですとも* confirms that kanji are important.","In both answers, final *とも* gives emphatic affirmation."]}],"lines":[{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.07","source":"明日、 にわの 仕事を 手つだってくださいませんか。","translation":"Would you please help me with the yard work tomorrow?","reading":"あした、にわのしごとをてつだってくださいませんか。","words":[{"text":"明日、","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"にわ","gloss":"yard"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.08","source":"手つだいますとも。 何時頃 まいりましょうか。","translation":"Of course I will. About what time shall I come?","reading":"てつだいますとも。いつごろまいりましょうか。","words":[{"text":"手つだい","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"何時頃","gloss":"about what time","reading":"いつごろ"},{"text":"まいり","gloss":"come"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.08.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.09","source":"田中さんを 御ぞんじですか。","translation":"Do you know Mr. Tanaka?","reading":"たなかさんをごぞんじですか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"御","gloss":"know","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ぞんじ","gloss":"know"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.10","source":"知っているとも。 日本で 一緒に 働いた 事が あるんだから。","translation":"Of course I know him. We worked together in Japan.","reading":"しっているとも。にほんでいっしょにはたらいたことがあるんだから。","words":[{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"know"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"know"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"together"},{"text":"働い","gloss":"worked","reading":"はたらい"},{"text":"た","gloss":"worked"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.11","source":"日本語を 習うのに かん字は 大切ですか。","translation":"Are kanji important for learning Japanese?","reading":"にほんごをならうのにかんじはたいせつですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learning","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"act"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L053.pt3.12","source":"大切ですとも。 かん字を 知らなければ 何も 読む 事は 出来ませんからね。","translation":"Of course they are. If you do not know kanji, you cannot read anything.","reading":"たいせつですとも。かんじをしらなければなにもよむことはできませんからね。","words":[{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"知ら","gloss":"not know","reading":"しら"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"not know"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.pt3.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"明日、","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"にわ","gloss":"garden, yard"},{"word":"ましょう","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Tea and family news · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"A visit without Mrs. Clark","paragraphs":["Colonel Clark goes to Colonel Yamamoto's home, but only Mrs. Yamamoto is there. Mrs. Clark must attend an embassy tea party.","*来られませんでした* reports that she could not come with her husband."]},{"title":"Tea and family news","paragraphs":["The two discuss family matters while drinking tea. *むすめさんに子供が出来て* reports that Mrs. Yamamoto's daughter recently had a baby.","Here *出来て* carries the birth meaning of *DEKIRU*."]}],"lines":[{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.001","source":"クラーク大佐は ひさしぶりに山本一佐をほうもんしました。","translation":"Colonel Clark visited Colonel Yamamoto for the first time in a long while.","reading":"クラークたいさはひさしぶりにやまもといっさをほうもんしました。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"大佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"たいさ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ひさし","gloss":"after a long while"},{"text":"ぶり","gloss":"after a long while"},{"text":"に","gloss":"after"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"一佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"いっさ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ほう","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"も","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.002","source":"山本一佐はまだ仕事から帰っていなかったので、 山本夫人一人だけでした。","translation":"Colonel Yamamoto had not yet returned from work, so Mrs. Yamamoto was there alone.","reading":"やまもといっさはまだしごとからかえっていなかったので、やまもとふじんひとりだけでした。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"一佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"いっさ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"帰っ","gloss":"had not returned","reading":"かえっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"had not returned"},{"text":"い","gloss":"had not returned"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"had not returned"},{"text":"た","gloss":"had not returned"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs.","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"alone","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"alone"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.003","source":"クラーク大佐の奥さんは大使館のお茶の会に出なければならなかったので、 御主人と一緒に来られませんでした。","translation":"Colonel Clark's wife had to attend a tea party at the Embassy, so she could not come with her husband.","reading":"クラークたいさのおくさんはたいしかんのおちゃのかいにでなければならなかったので、ごしゅじんといっしょにこられませんでした。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"大佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"たいさ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"会","gloss":"party","reading":"かい"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出","gloss":"attend","reading":"で"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"た","gloss":"had to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"御","gloss":"her husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"her husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"together"},{"text":"来","gloss":"could not come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"could not come"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"past, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.004","source":"大使館などでは、 社この事を大へんうるさく言うので、 おつきあいなどで大へんいそがしいそうです。","translation":"At embassies and similar places, they place great importance on social matters, so people are said to be very busy with social obligations.","reading":"たいしかんなどでは、しゃこのことをたいへんうるさくいうので、おつきあいなどでたいへんいそがしいそうです。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and similar places"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"社","gloss":"social","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"この","gloss":"social"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matters","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"うるさく","gloss":"strictly"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"regard","reading":"いう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"お","gloss":"social obligations"},{"text":"つきあい","gloss":"social obligations"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.005","source":"それで、 クラーク夫人も時々めいわくをかんじる事があるそうです。","translation":"Because of that, Mrs. Clark is also said to feel inconvenienced by it sometimes.","reading":"それで、クラークふじんもときどきめいわくをかんじることがあるそうです。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because of"},{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Mrs. Clark"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs. Clark","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"時々","gloss":"sometimes","reading":"ときどき"},{"text":"めいわく","gloss":"inconvenienced"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かんじる","gloss":"feel"},{"text":"事","gloss":"occasions","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.006","source":"少し後で女中がお茶を持って来ました。","translation":"A little later, the maid brought tea.","reading":"すこしあとでじょちゅうがおちゃをもってきました。","words":[{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"後","gloss":"later","reading":"あと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"女中","gloss":"maid","reading":"じょちゅう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"brought","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"brought"},{"text":"来","gloss":"brought","reading":"き"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.007","source":"二人はお茶を飲みながら、 家族の事について色々話しました。","translation":"The two of them talked about various family matters while drinking tea.","reading":"ふたりはおちゃをのみながら、かぞくのことについていろいろはなしました。","words":[{"text":"二人","gloss":"the two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ながら、","gloss":"while"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matters","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"about"},{"text":"つい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"て","gloss":"about"},{"text":"色々","gloss":"various","reading":"いろいろ"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"talk","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.008","source":"このたび山本夫人のむすめさんに子供が出来て、 山本夫人もとう〱おばあさんになられたそうです。","translation":"Mrs. Yamamoto's daughter recently had a baby, and Mrs. Yamamoto has finally become a grandmother.","reading":"このたびやまもとふじんのむすめさんにこどもができて、やまもとふじんもとうとうおばあさんになられたそうです。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"recently"},{"text":"たび","gloss":"recently"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs.","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"むすめ","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"polite title"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"baby","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"had","reading":"でき"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs.","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"とう","gloss":"finally"},{"text":"〱","gloss":"finally"},{"text":"お","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"ばあ","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"become"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"respectfully"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.008.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"一佐","gloss":"Colonel, Captain (Navy) (Japanese rank)"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"だけ","gloss":"only, just (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"言う","gloss":"to say"},{"word":"かんじる","gloss":"to feel"},{"word":"女中","gloss":"maid"},{"word":"二人","gloss":"2 people"},{"word":"ながら、","gloss":"while (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Grandchildren and extended family · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Six brothers and sisters","paragraphs":["*六人兄弟* identifies Colonel Clark as one of six children. The line then counts one older brother, one older sister, two younger brothers and one younger sister.","Because the account describes Clark's family, it uses *おにいさん* and *おねえさん*."]},{"title":"Further family news","paragraphs":["*ねえさんにはもう孫が三人あるとか言う事です* reports that his older sister has three grandchildren.","Here *とか* marks information reported about the family."]}],"lines":[{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.009","source":"さいしょの孫ですから、 特別かわいいそうです。","translation":"Since it is her first grandchild, she is said to find the baby especially adorable.","reading":"さいしょのまごですから、とくべつかわいいそうです。","words":[{"text":"さいしょ","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchild","reading":"まご"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"特別","gloss":"especially","reading":"とくべつ"},{"text":"かわいい","gloss":"adorable"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.010","source":"山本さんのおいやめいには子供が沢山ありますが、 むすめさんにはさいしょの子供です。","translation":"Mr. Yamamoto's nephews and nieces have many children, but this is his daughter's first child.","reading":"やまもとさんのおいやめいにはこどもがたくさんありますが、むすめさんにはさいしょのこどもです。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"おい","gloss":"nephews"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"めい","gloss":"nieces"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"むすめ","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"polite title"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さいしょ","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.011","source":"山本夫人もおばさんと呼ばれるよりはおばあさんと呼ばれる方が好きだそうです。","translation":"Mrs. Yamamoto is said to prefer being called a grandmother rather than an aunt.","reading":"やまもとふじんもおばさんとよばれるよりはおばあさんとよばれるほうがすきだそうです。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs.","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"おば","gloss":"aunt"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"aunt"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"呼ば","gloss":"called","reading":"よば"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"be called"},{"text":"より","gloss":"rather than"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"ばあ","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"grandmother"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"呼ば","gloss":"called","reading":"よば"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"be called"},{"text":"方","gloss":"one","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"prefers","reading":"すき"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.012","source":"クラーク大佐は六人兄弟で、 おにいさんとおねえさんが一人ずつ、 弟が二人、 妹が一人あります。","translation":"Colonel Clark is one of six children: he has one older brother, one older sister, two younger brothers, and one younger sister.","reading":"クラークたいさはろくにんきょうだいで、おにいさんとおねえさんがひとりずつ、おとうとがふたり、いもうとがひとりあります。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"大佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"たいさ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"兄弟","gloss":"siblings"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"にい","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older brother"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"ずつ、","gloss":"each"},{"text":"弟","gloss":"younger brothers","reading":"おとうと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"二人、","gloss":"two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"妹","gloss":"younger sister","reading":"いもうと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.013","source":"そしてねえさんにはもう孫が三人あるとか言う事です。","translation":"And it is said that his older sister already has three grandchildren.","reading":"そしてねえさんにはもうまごがさんにんあるとかいうことです。","words":[{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchildren","reading":"まご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"has"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or so"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"said","reading":"いう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"report","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.014","source":"クラークさんのおねえさんは、","translation":"Colonel Clark's older sister","reading":"クラークさんのおねえさんは、","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Colonel"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.014.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L053.rd.015","source":"ミネソタしゅうのミネアポリス市に住んでいて、 御主人は自分で小さい会社を持っているそうです。","translation":"lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and her husband is said to own a small company.","reading":"ミネソタしゅうのミネアポリスしにすんでいて、ごしゅじんはじぶんでちいさいかいしゃをもっているそうです。","words":[{"text":"ミネソタ","gloss":"Minnesota"},{"text":"しゅう","gloss":"state"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ミネアポリス","gloss":"Minneapolis"},{"text":"市","gloss":"city","reading":"し"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"御","gloss":"husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"herself","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"小さい","gloss":"small","reading":"ちいさい"},{"text":"会社","gloss":"company","reading":"かいしゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"owns","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"owns"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"owns"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.rd.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"さいしょ","gloss":"first"},{"word":"れる","gloss":"to be able to --\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"より","gloss":"than (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"しゅう","gloss":"state"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about the family visit · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The visit and the baby","paragraphs":["The questions ask who was home, why Mrs. Clark was absent, who served tea and who had a baby.","*このたび だれに 子供が 出来ましたか* means \"who recently had a baby?\" An answer names Mrs. Yamamoto's daughter."]}],"lines":[{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.001","source":"クラーク大佐が 山本一佐を ほうもんした 時 山本一佐は おたくでしたか。","translation":"Was Colonel Yamamoto at home when Colonel Clark visited him?","reading":"クラークたいさがやまもといっさをほうもんしたときやまもといっさはおたくでしたか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"大佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"たいさ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"一佐","gloss":"Colonel","reading":"いっさ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ほう","gloss":"visited"},{"text":"も","gloss":"visited"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"visited"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when"},{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto"},{"text":"一佐","gloss":"Colonel"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おたく","gloss":"at home"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.001.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.002","source":"クラーク夫人も 御主人と 一緒に ほうもん しましたか。","translation":"Did Mrs. Clark also come to visit with her husband?","reading":"クラークふじんもごしゅじんといっしょにほうもんしましたか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"夫人","gloss":"Mrs.","reading":"ふじん"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"御","gloss":"husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"ほう","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"も","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.002.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.003","source":"なぜ 一緒に ほうもん しませんでしたか。","translation":"Why did she not come with him?","reading":"なぜいっしょにほうもんしませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"ほう","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"も","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"visit"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.003.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.004","source":"大使館では どんな 事を うるさく 言いますか。","translation":"What kinds of matters do they place great importance on at the Embassy?","reading":"たいしかんではどんなことをうるさくいいますか。","words":[{"text":"大使","gloss":"embassy","reading":"たいし"},{"text":"館","gloss":"embassy","reading":"かん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matters","reading":"こと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"うるさく","gloss":"strictly"},{"text":"言い","gloss":"regard","reading":"いい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.004.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.005","source":"だれが お茶を 出しましたか。","translation":"Who served the tea?","reading":"だれがおちゃをだしましたか。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"serve","reading":"だし"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.005.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.006","source":"二人は お茶を 飲みながら どうしましたか。","translation":"What did the two of them do while drinking tea?","reading":"ふたりはおちゃをのみながらどうしましたか。","words":[{"text":"二人","gloss":"the two","reading":"ふたり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ながら","gloss":"while"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.006.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.007","source":"このたび だれに 子供が 出来ましたか","translation":"Who recently had a baby?","reading":"このたびだれにこどもができましたか","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"recently"},{"text":"たび","gloss":"recently"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"who"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"baby","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"had","reading":"でき"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"ながら","gloss":"while (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about siblings and grandchildren · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Numbers and family details","paragraphs":["The questions ask for Clark's sibling total, each kind of sibling, his older sister's home, her grandchildren and her husband's work.","*クラークさんは 何人兄弟ですか* asks \"how many children are there in the Clark family?\" An answer gives the total number of siblings."]}],"lines":[{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.008","source":"山本さんの むすめさんには、 さいしょの 子供ですか。","translation":"Is this Mr. Yamamoto's daughter's first child?","reading":"やまもとさんのむすめさんには、さいしょのこどもですか。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"むすめ","gloss":"daughter"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"polite title"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さいしょ","gloss":"first"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.008.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.009","source":"クラークさんは 何人兄弟ですか。","translation":"How many children are there in the Clark family?","reading":"クラークさんはなんにんきょうだいですか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"family"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"兄弟","gloss":"siblings"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.009.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.010","source":"にいさんと ねえさんが 何人 居ますか。","translation":"How many older brothers and older sisters does he have?","reading":"にいさんとねえさんがなんにんいますか。","words":[{"text":"にい","gloss":"older brothers"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older brothers"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sisters"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sisters"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people"},{"text":"居","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.010.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.011","source":"弟は。 妹は。","translation":"How many younger brothers? How many younger sisters?","reading":"おとうとは。いもうとは。","words":[{"text":"弟","gloss":"younger brothers","reading":"おとうと"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"妹","gloss":"younger sisters","reading":"いもうと"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.011.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.012","source":"クラークさんの おねえさんは どこに 住んでいますか。","translation":"Where does Colonel Clark's older sister live?","reading":"クラークさんのおねえさんはどこにすんでいますか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Colonel"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"住ん","gloss":"lives","reading":"すん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"い","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"lives"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.012.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.013","source":"クラークさんの おねえさんには 孫が 何人 ありますか。","translation":"How many grandchildren does Colonel Clark's older sister have?","reading":"クラークさんのおねえさんにはまごがなんにんありますか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Colonel"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"孫","gloss":"grandchildren","reading":"まご"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many","reading":"なん"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"にん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"has"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.013.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L053.q.014","source":"クラークさんの おねえさんの 御主人は 何を していますか。","translation":"What does Colonel Clark's older sister's husband do?","reading":"クラークさんのおねえさんのごしゅじんはなにをしていますか。","words":[{"text":"クラーク","gloss":"Clark"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Colonel"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"お","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"ねえ","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"older sister"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"御","gloss":"husband","reading":"ご"},{"text":"主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"しゅじん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"does"},{"text":"て","gloss":"does"},{"text":"い","gloss":"does"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"does"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.q.014.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"は、","gloss":"leaves"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Social visits and obligations · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Visits and social obligations","paragraphs":["These words cover social visits and obligations. *お茶の会* means \"tea party,\" and humble *うかがう* means \"to visit, inquire or ask.\"","*めいわく* means \"annoyance\" or \"bother.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.001","source":"お茶の会","translation":"tea party","reading":"おちゃのかい","words":[{"text":"お茶の会","gloss":"tea party","reading":"おちゃのかい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.001.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.002","source":"うかがう","translation":"to visit, inquire, ask","reading":"うかがう","words":[{"text":"うかがう","gloss":"visit, inquire, ask"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.002.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.003","source":"さようで 御ざいますか","translation":"Is that so?","reading":"さようでございますか","words":[{"text":"さようで御ざいますか","gloss":"is that so?","reading":"さようでございますか"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.003.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.004","source":"つきあい","translation":"social association","reading":"つきあい","words":[{"text":"つきあい","gloss":"social association"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.004.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.005","source":"つきあいする","translation":"to associate","reading":"つきあいする","words":[{"text":"つきあいする","gloss":"associate socially"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.005.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.006","source":"社こう","translation":"social, social association","reading":"しゃこう","words":[{"text":"社こう","gloss":"social association","reading":"しゃこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.006.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.007","source":"うるさい","translation":"annoying, pesky","reading":"うるさい","words":[{"text":"うるさい","gloss":"annoying"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.007.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.008","source":"かんじる","translation":"to feel","reading":"かんじる","words":[{"text":"かんじる","gloss":"feel"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.008.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.009","source":"うるさく言う","translation":"be strict about, say importunately about","reading":"うるさくいう","words":[{"text":"うるさく言う","gloss":"be strict about","reading":"うるさくいう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.009.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.010","source":"めいわく","translation":"annoyance, bother","reading":"めいわく","words":[{"text":"めいわく","gloss":"annoyance"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.010.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.011","source":"あのう","translation":"by the way, if you please","reading":"あのう","words":[{"text":"あのう","gloss":"by the way"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"お茶の会","gloss":"tea party"},{"word":"うかがう","gloss":"to visit, inquire, ask"},{"word":"さようで御ざいますか","gloss":"Is that so?"},{"word":"つきあいする","gloss":"to associate"},{"word":"社こう","gloss":"social, social association"},{"word":"うるさい","gloss":"annoying, pesky"},{"word":"うるさく言う","gloss":"be strict about, say importunately about"},{"word":"あのう","gloss":"by the way, if you please"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"New grandchildren and siblings · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Hospitality and family news","paragraphs":["These words cover hospitality and new family news. *上る* means \"to eat, drink or come.\"","*孫が出来る* means \"to be blessed with a grandchild.\"","Final *とも* means \"indeed\" or \"certainly.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.012","source":"上る","translation":"to eat, drink, come","reading":"あがる","words":[{"text":"上る","gloss":"eat, drink, or come","reading":"あがる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.012.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.013","source":"いただく","translation":"to receive","reading":"いただく","words":[{"text":"いただく","gloss":"receive"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.013.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.014","source":"このたび","translation":"very recently","reading":"このたび","words":[{"text":"このたび","gloss":"very recently"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.014.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.015","source":"孫が出来る","translation":"to be blessed with a grandchild","reading":"まごができる","words":[{"text":"孫が出来る","gloss":"gain a grandchild","reading":"まごができる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.015.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.016","source":"おい","translation":"nephew","reading":"おい","words":[{"text":"おい","gloss":"nephew"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.016.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.017","source":"めい","translation":"niece","reading":"めい","words":[{"text":"めい","gloss":"niece"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.017.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.018","source":"--けど","translation":"but, although","reading":"--けど","words":[{"text":"--けど","gloss":"but, although"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.018.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.019","source":"目出たい","translation":"happy","reading":"めでたい","words":[{"text":"目出たい","gloss":"happy","reading":"めでたい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.019.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.020","source":"---とも","translation":"indeed, certainly, of course (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"---とも","words":[{"text":"---とも","gloss":"indeed"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.020.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.021","source":"兄弟","translation":"brothers and sisters","reading":"きょうだい","words":[{"text":"兄弟","gloss":"brothers and sisters","reading":"きょうだい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.021.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.022","source":"おありです","translation":"there is (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"おありです","words":[{"text":"おありです","gloss":"there is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"上る","gloss":"to eat, drink, come"},{"word":"いただく","gloss":"to receive"},{"word":"このたび","gloss":"very recently"},{"word":"孫が出来る","gloss":"to be blessed with a grandchild"},{"word":"--けど","gloss":"but, although"},{"word":"---とも","gloss":"indeed, certainly, of course (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"おありです","gloss":"there is (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Sibling terms and honorifics · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Siblings and humble knowledge","paragraphs":["These words cover siblings, family size, and humble knowledge. *兄* means \"older brother.\"","*六人兄弟* means \"one of six brothers and sisters.\"","Humble *ぞんじる* means \"to know.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.023","source":"兄","translation":"older brother","reading":"あに","words":[{"text":"兄","gloss":"older brother","reading":"あに"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.023.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.024","source":"姉","translation":"elder sister","reading":"あね","words":[{"text":"姉","gloss":"elder sister","reading":"あね"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.024.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.025","source":"弟","translation":"younger brother","reading":"おとうと","words":[{"text":"弟","gloss":"younger brother","reading":"おとうと"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.025.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.026","source":"妹","translation":"younger sister","reading":"いもうと","words":[{"text":"妹","gloss":"younger sister","reading":"いもうと"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.026.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.027","source":"六人兄弟","translation":"one of six brothers and sisters","reading":"ろくにんきょうだい","words":[{"text":"六人兄弟","gloss":"six siblings","reading":"ろくにんきょうだい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.027.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.028","source":"おねえさん","translation":"elder sister","reading":"おねえさん","words":[{"text":"おねえさん","gloss":"older sister"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.028.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.029","source":"おにいさん","translation":"older brother","reading":"おにいさん","words":[{"text":"おにいさん","gloss":"older brother"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.029.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.030","source":"ぞんじる","translation":"to know","reading":"ぞんじる","words":[{"text":"ぞんじる","gloss":"to know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.030.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.031","source":"いらっしゃいます","translation":"is, go, come (honorific)","reading":"いらっしゃいます","words":[{"text":"いらっしゃいます","gloss":"honorably is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.031.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.032","source":"御主人","translation":"husband, master","reading":"ごしゅじん","words":[{"text":"御主人","gloss":"husband","reading":"ごしゅじん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.032.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.033","source":"御ぶさた いたしております","translation":"I have long been neglectful in correspondence.","reading":"ごぶさたいたしております","words":[{"text":"御ぶさたいたしております","gloss":"neglecting correspondence","reading":"ごぶさたいたしております"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"六人兄弟","gloss":"one of six brothers and sisters"},{"word":"おねえさん","gloss":"elder sister"},{"word":"おにいさん","gloss":"older brother"},{"word":"ぞんじる","gloss":"to know"},{"word":"いらっしゃいます","gloss":"is, go, come (honorific)"},{"word":"御主人","gloss":"husband, master"},{"word":"御ぶさたいたしております","gloss":"I have long been neglectful in correspondence."}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Relatives and family affection · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Relatives and family affection","paragraphs":["These words cover relatives, affection, and good family news.","*皆様 お元気で、 何よりとぞんじます* expresses gladness that everyone at the other person's home is well. *ぞんじます* is humble.","*おばさんとか おじさんとか* gives aunt and uncle as examples. *大好き* means \"to be very fond of.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.034","source":"何よりと ぞんじます","translation":"There is nothing better than that, I am glad to hear that ---","reading":"なんよりとぞんじます","words":[{"text":"何よりとぞんじます","gloss":"glad to hear","reading":"なんよりとぞんじます"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.034.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.035","source":"おばさん","translation":"aunt","reading":"おばさん","words":[{"text":"おばさん","gloss":"aunt"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.035.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.036","source":"おじさん","translation":"uncle","reading":"おじさん","words":[{"text":"おじさん","gloss":"uncle"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.036.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.037","source":"--とか--とか","translation":"---and---and other things (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"--とか--とか","words":[{"text":"--とか--とか","gloss":"and other things"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.037.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.038","source":"大好き","translation":"be very fond of, like very much","reading":"だいすき","words":[{"text":"大好き","gloss":"like very much","reading":"だいすき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.038.m4a"},{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.039","source":"とうとう","translation":"at last, finally","reading":"とうとう","words":[{"text":"とうとう","gloss":"finally"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.039.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.040","source":"御ぶさた いたしております。","translation":"I have been neglecting my correspondence with you.","reading":"ごぶさたいたしております。","words":[{"text":"御ぶさたいたしております。","gloss":"neglecting correspondence","reading":"ごぶさたいたしております。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.040.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.041","source":"皆様 お元気で、 何よりとぞんじます。","translation":"Everybody at your home is fine and I am very glad.","reading":"みなさまおげんきで、なんよりとぞんじます。","words":[{"text":"皆様お元気で、何よりとぞんじます。","gloss":"everyone is well","reading":"みなさまおげんきで、なんよりとぞんじます。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.041.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.042","source":"おばさんとか おじさんとか 呼ばれるよりは おばあさん、 おじいさんと 呼ばれる 方が いいです。","translation":"It's better to be called grandmother and grandfather rather than being called aunt and uncle.","reading":"おばさんとかおじさんとかよばれるよりはおばあさん、おじいさんとよばれるほうがいいです。","words":[{"text":"おばさんとかおじさんとか呼ばれるよりはおばあさん、おじいさんと呼ばれる方がいいです。","gloss":"better called grandparents","reading":"おばさんとかおじさんとかよばれるよりはおばあさん、おじいさんとよばれるほうがいいです。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.042.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L053.w.043","source":"うちの 孫は おばあさんが 大好きです。","translation":"Our grandson is very fond of his grandmother.","reading":"うちのまごはおばあさんがだいすきです。","words":[{"text":"うちの孫はおばあさんが大好きです。","gloss":"grandson loves grandmother","reading":"うちのまごはおばあさんがだいすきです。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L053.w.043.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":10,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Look at the family tree of Mr. Uchiyama Haruo given in Lesson 52 and talk about his family and the relationship between the members of his family.\n\n2 A visits B. Students take turns playing both roles."},{"section":11,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Memorize the Dialogue and be sure to know the vocabulary.\n\n2 Study the Pattern Drill and the exercises following each Pattern Drill.\n\n3 Learn to read and write the new kanji.\n\n4 Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n5 Use the guide given for practice in free conversation."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"何よりとぞんじます","gloss":"There is nothing better than that, I am glad to hear that ---"},{"word":"おばさん","gloss":"aunt"},{"word":"おじさん","gloss":"uncle"},{"word":"--とか--とか","gloss":"---and---and other things (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"とうとう","gloss":"at last, finally"},{"word":"御ぶさたいたしております。","gloss":"\"I have been neglecting my correspondence with you.\""},{"word":"皆様お元気で、何よりとぞんじます。","gloss":"\"Everybody at your home is fine and I am very glad.\""},{"word":"おばさんとかおじさんとか呼ばれるよりはおばあさん、おじいさんと呼ばれる方がいいです。","gloss":"\"It's better to be called grandmother and grandfather rather than being called aunt and uncle.\""},{"word":"うちの孫はおばあさんが大好きです。","gloss":"\"Our grandson is very fond of his grandmother.\""}],"paradigms":[]}]}