{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L055","title":"Lesson 55","stage":"Kanji and everyday Japanese","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 55: living room size and features · dialogue 1 of 4, upstairs rooms and facilities · dialogue 2 of 4, comparing houses and kitchens · dialogue 3 of 4, kitchen features and viewing plans · dialogue 4 of 4, saying who alone does something · perception drill, the more, saying something is easy · perception drill, identifying the only one · pattern 1 1 of 2, asking who alone qualifies · pattern 1 2 of 2, increasing change through repetition · pattern 2 1 of 3, comparing repeated actions · pattern 2 2 of 3, verbs and adjectives for comparisons · pattern 2 3 of 3, calling tasks easy · pattern 3 1 of 2, answering whether tasks are easy · pattern 3 2 of 2, traditional rooms and alcoves · reading selection 1 of 2, mats, room divisions and sleeping spaces · questions 1 of 2, room size and kitchen equipment · questions 2 of 2, room size and alcove words · word list 1 of 5, doors, house hunting and kitchen words · word list 3 of 5, windows, appliances.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/55","lines":171},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/54","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/56","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Living room size and features · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Rooms measured by mats","paragraphs":["The speakers compare a Western-style living room with an inner Japanese room.","*居間は 十畳ぐらいで 御ざいます* means \"the living room is about a 10-mat room\". The inner room is *八畳の 間*, \"an eight-matted room\".","*畳* is a mat. One *畳* is also the unit for the size of a matted room."]},{"title":"The alcove in the formal room","paragraphs":["*ざしきには 床の 間が あり* means \"the Japanese room has an alcove\". The alcove is built into the wall.","Its raised floor may hold a vase, and a scroll may hang inside. The person in the place of honor sits with his back to it.","*畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけですか* asks whether the Japanese room is the only matted place."]},{"title":"Kanji: 畳, 応, 接, 床","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.001","source":"居間の 大きさは。","translation":"What is the size of the living room?","reading":"いまのおおきさは。","words":[{"text":"居間","gloss":"living room","reading":"いま"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大き","gloss":"size","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"size"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.002","source":"居間は 十畳ぐらいで 御ざいますが、 洋間ですから 応接室にも 使えます。 奥ざしきは 八畳の 間で 御ざいます。","translation":"The living room is about a 10-mat room, but since it is Western style, it can be used as a reception room. The inner Japanese room is an 8-mat room.","reading":"いまはじゅうじょうぐらいでございますが、ようまですからおうせつしつにもつかえます。おくざしきははちじょうのままでございます。","words":[{"text":"居間","gloss":"living room","reading":"いま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"mats","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"洋間","gloss":"Western-style room","reading":"ようま"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"応接","gloss":"reception room","reading":"おうせつ"},{"text":"室","gloss":"reception room","reading":"しつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"使え","gloss":"can use","reading":"つかえ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"inner room","reading":"おく"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"inner room"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight","reading":"はち"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"mats","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間","gloss":"room","reading":"まま"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.003","source":"畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけですか。","translation":"Is ZASHIKI the only place where it is matted?","reading":"たたみのしいてあるのはざしきだけですか。","words":[{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"しい","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"matted room"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.004","source":"そうです。 そして ざしきには 床の 間が あり、 そのとなりに ちがいだなが あります。","translation":"That's right, and it has an alcove and there is a shelf arranged stepwise next to it.","reading":"そうです。そしてざしきにはとこのまがあり、そのとなりにちがいだながあります。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that's right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"matted room"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"床","gloss":"alcove","reading":"とこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間","gloss":"space","reading":"ま"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり、","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"となり","gloss":"next to it"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"ちがい","gloss":"stepped shelf"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"stepped shelf"},{"text":"な","gloss":"stepped shelf"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.005","source":"えんがわ が ありますか。","translation":"Does it have an open corridor?","reading":"えんがわがありますか。","words":[{"text":"えんがわ","gloss":"veranda"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.005.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"---NO WA --- DAKE DESU\n\nThe base form of verbs, I-adjectives, NA-adjectives, and suffixes + NO WA --- DAKE DESU expresses the idea of 'such and such (person or thing) is the only thing (one) that ---.'\n\nExamples:\n\nSORE O TABERU NO WA WATAKUSHI DAKE DESU. \"I am the only one who eats it.\"\n\nSAKANA O TABENAI NO WA SUMISU-SAN DAKE DESU. \"Mr. Smith is the only one who doesn't eat fish.\"\n\nNIHONGO O BENKYOO SHITA KOTO GA ARU NO WA PAAKAA-SAN DAKE DESU. \"Mr. Parker is the only one who studied Japanese.\"\n\nAKAI NO WA KORE DAKE DESU. \"This is the only thing that is red.\"\n\nJOOZU NA NO WA HANASU KOTO DAKE DESU. \"Speaking is the only thing that I am good at.\""},{"section":2,"text":"---BA ---HODO 'the more ---, the more ---'\n\nA sequence containing the conditional form of a verb or an adjective plus the corresponding base form plus HODO, 'extent,' expresses the idea of 'the more X, the more Y.' For example, 'the bigger the better,' 'the higher, the fewer,' 'the more I see it, the more ---.'\n\nExamples:\n\nATARASHIKEREBA ATARASHII HODO OISHII. \"The fresher, the more delicious.\"\n\nOOKIKEREBA OOKII HODO II DESU. \"The bigger, the better.\"\n\nNIHON NO HANASHI O KIKEBA KIKU HODO ITTE MITAKU NARIMASU. \"The more I hear about Japan, the more I want to try and go.\"\n\nNIHONGO WA BENKYOO SUREBA SURU HODO MUZUKASHIKU NARU YOO DESU. \"It seems the more you study Japanese, the more difficult it becomes.\"\n\nBENRI DE AREBA ARU HODO TAKAI DESU. \"The more convenient it is, the more expensive it is.\""},{"section":3,"text":"WAKE WA NAI (ARIMASEN) 'easy,' 'simple'\n\nThe expression WAKE WA NAI can be used as a predicate or adjective to mean 'such-and-such is easy' or 'easy such-and-such.'\n\nExamples:\n\nNARAU NO WA WAKE WA NAI (WAKE WA ARIMASEN). \"It is easy to learn\" or \"Learning is easy.\"\n\nKORE WA WAKE WA NAI KOTO DESU. \"This is an easy matter.\""},{"section":4,"text":"Use of WA\n\nThe particle WA occurs at the end of a sentence by itself before YO, NEE, and NE in the speech of women. It regularly follows (non-past and past inflected) words in the informal, plain, and polite style. It is a particle which indicates friendliness and assertiveness and some familiarity. Thus, whereas SOO DA is abrupt and masculine, SOO DA WA is friendly and feminine.\n\nExamples:\n\n| Men's Speech | Women's Speech\n\"I understand\" | WAKARU YO. | WAKARU WA YO.\n\"I understood.\" | WAKATTA YO. | WAKATTA WA YO.\n\"Isn't it expensive?\" | TAKAI NEE? | TAKAI WA NEE?\n\n| Men's Speech | Women's Speech\n\"Wasn't it expensive?\" | TAKAKATTA NEE? | TAKAKATTA WA NEE?\n\"That's right, isn't it?\" | SOO DA NE? | SOO DESU WA NEE?\n\"It was strange, wasn't it?\" | HEN DATTA NE? | HEN DATTA WA NE?\n\n| Men | Women\n\"It's expensive.\" | TAKAI. | TAKAI WA.\n\"That's right.\" | SOO DA. | SOO DA WA.\n\"It's difficult.\" | MUZUKASHII. | MUZUKASHII WA."},{"section":5,"text":"TOKONOMA\n\nThe TOKONOMA, an alcove, is built in the wall. It is usually either on the right or left side of the wall from which it is set back, but sometimes it is in the middle of the wall. The floor of the TOKONOMA is about 3 feet wide and 6 feet long, and about 5 inches above the TATAMI level of the room. It is covered either with a mat of fine quality or with boards of good quality. Since the TOKONOMA is the best part of the room, the choicest wood available is invariably used. Often a scroll bearing a calligraphic specimen of some kind, written in black India ink, or a scroll showing a Japanese style painting is hung in it. On the floor is placed a vase with flowers arranged gracefully in it or some other artistic ornament, or both. The occupant of the place of honor sits with his back to the TOKONOMA, so\n\nthat to the other guests he is framed by it."},{"section":6,"text":"SHOOJI and FUSUMA\n\nThe SHOOJI is a paper sliding door, about six feet by three feet in size with white paper pasted on the outer side over the wooden latticework in a wooden frame. The paper used is not transparent, but admits just enough light to give the room a quiet and restful air.\n\nThe FUSUMA is about the same size as the SHOOJI. The FUSUMA latticework is pasted over on both sides with thick paper of a fine quality, bearing a painting or an ornamental design. The FUSUMA is usually used to screen off the rooms from each other."},{"section":7,"text":"AMADO\n\nOne of the architectural features of a Japanese house that distinguishes it from other dwellings is the outer sliding doors called AMADO (rain doors), which are pulled out, one after another, along grooves from the door case in which they are boxed up during the day. Such shutters are used along the veranda or porch or in front of the windows and any other opening facing the garden or the street, and, when closed at night or during a stormy day, shelter the house from wind and rain and keep it secure from marauders."},{"section":8,"text":"TATAMI\n\nThe TATAMI is a mat covered with a smooth pale green sheet of glossy mat rush. A TATAMI is usually six feet by three feet and about 2.4 inches thick. The sides of the TATAMI are usually bordered with a strip of cotton or hemp cloth, black or brown in color. The unit of size for measuring a matted room is the JOO. A JOO is the size of a TATAMI. Thus, we speak of 6-JOO, 8-JOO, 10-JOO, and 12-JOO rooms, meaning that the rooms have 6, 8, 10, and 12 mats respectively."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"居間","gloss":"parlor, living room"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"は。","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"畳","gloss":"straw mat (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"洋間","gloss":"Western style room"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ざしき","gloss":"matted room in a Japanese house"},{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"だけ","gloss":"only, just (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"えんがわ","gloss":"open corridor, veranda"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Upstairs rooms and facilities · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Paper doors and room screens","paragraphs":["The speakers discuss the rooms, doors, bedrooms, and facilities in a house.","*へやは しょうじと ふすまで しきってあります* means \"the rooms are partitioned by paper sliding doors and sliding screens\".","White paper covers the wooden latticework of a *しょうじ*. Thick paper covers both sides of a *ふすま*, which screens one room from another."]},{"title":"Outer shutters","paragraphs":["*雨戸が あり* means \"it has storm doors\". *雨戸* are outer sliding shutters used along a veranda or an opening.","They stay in a door case during the day. They close at night or during storms to keep out wind and rain.","*たてますのは わけは ない* says that adding a facility is easy."]},{"title":"Kanji: 戸 to 様","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.006","source":"はい、 まわりえんに なっております。 雨戸が あり、 へやは しょうじと ふすまで しきってあります。","translation":"Yes, it has an open corridor going around the side of the house. It has storm doors, and the rooms are partitioned by paper sliding doors and sliding screens.","reading":"はい、まわりえんになっております。あまどがあり、へやはしょうじとふすまでしきってあります。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"まわり","gloss":"wraparound veranda"},{"text":"えん","gloss":"wraparound veranda"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"雨戸","gloss":"storm doors","reading":"あまど"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり、","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"rooms"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"しょうじ","gloss":"paper sliding doors"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ふすま","gloss":"sliding screens"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"しきっ","gloss":"partitioned"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.006.m4a"},{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.007","source":"二階の へやは 皆 和室ですか。","translation":"Are the rooms upstairs all Japanese rooms?","reading":"にかいのへやはみなわしつですか。","words":[{"text":"二","gloss":"second floor","reading":"に"},{"text":"階","gloss":"second floor","reading":"かい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"rooms"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"all","reading":"みな"},{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.008","source":"左様で 御ざいます。 寝室に 使って おりますが、 寝台は はいっていません。","translation":"Yes, they are. They are used as bedrooms, but there are no beds in them.","reading":"さようでございます。しんしつにつかっておりますが、しんだいははいっていません。","words":[{"text":"左様","gloss":"that is so","reading":"さよう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"寝室","gloss":"bedrooms","reading":"しんしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"使っ","gloss":"use","reading":"つかっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"寝台","gloss":"beds","reading":"しんだい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"はいっ","gloss":"put in"},{"text":"て","gloss":"state"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.009","source":"二階には トイレも ふろ場も ありますか。","translation":"Are there a toilet and a bathroom upstairs?","reading":"にかいにはトイレもふろばもありますか。","words":[{"text":"二","gloss":"second floor","reading":"に"},{"text":"階","gloss":"second floor","reading":"かい"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"トイレ","gloss":"toilet"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"ふろ場","gloss":"bathroom"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.010","source":"いいえ、 御ざいませんが、 たてますのは わけは ないとか 言っていました。","translation":"No, there are not, but they were saying that it is easy to add one to the building.","reading":"いいえ、ございませんが、たてますのはわけはないとかいっていました。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"御","gloss":"are","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"are"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"たて","gloss":"add on"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"か","gloss":"or something"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"said","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"were"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.010.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"雨戸","gloss":"storm door, shutter ( See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"しょうじ","gloss":"paper sliding door (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ふすま","gloss":"sliding screen (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"和室","gloss":"Japanese room"},{"word":"寝室","gloss":"bedroom"},{"word":"寝台","gloss":"bed"},{"word":"トイレ","gloss":"toilet"},{"word":"ふろ場","gloss":"bathroom (for bathing only)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Comparing houses and kitchens · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"More houses, more confusion","paragraphs":["The speakers discuss viewing a promising house and its storage. One speaker has been looking at houses every day.","*多く 見れば 見るほど まよってしまいます* means \"the more I see, the more confused I get\". The repeated forms link more seeing with more confusion."]}],"lines":[{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.011","source":"中々 よさそうな 家ですね。","translation":"It seems like a very nice house.","reading":"なかなかよさそうないえですね。","words":[{"text":"中々","gloss":"very","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"よさ","gloss":"good"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.012","source":"ええ。 何でしたら、 明日 一緒に 行って 見ましょう。","translation":"Yes. If it's all right with you, let's go take a look at it together tomorrow.","reading":"ええ。なんでしたら、あしたいっしょにいってみましょう。","words":[{"text":"ええ。","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"is"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"together"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"ましょう。","gloss":"let's"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.012.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.013","source":"それは どうも。 へんなもので、 この頃 毎日 家を さがして 歩いているので、 多く 見れば 見るほど まよってしまいます。","translation":"Thank you. It's a strange thing, but since I am looking around for a house everyday, the more I see, the more confused I get.","reading":"それはどうも。へんなもので、このごろまいにちいえをさがしてあるいているので、おおくみればみるほどまよってしまいます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"へん","gloss":"strange"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"頃","gloss":"days"},{"text":"毎日","gloss":"every day"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"さがし","gloss":"search"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"walk around","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"多く","gloss":"more","reading":"おおく"},{"text":"見れ","gloss":"see","reading":"みれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"まよっ","gloss":"confused"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"しまい","gloss":"completely"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.014","source":"左様で 御ざいましょうね。 この 家には おし入れ、 戸だな なども 大きいのが ありますし、 便利に 出来ています。","translation":"I suppose so. This house has large closets and cupboards, and it's built very conveniently.","reading":"さようでございましょうね。このいえにはおしいれ、とだななどもおおきいのがありますし、べんりにできています。","words":[{"text":"左様","gloss":"so","reading":"さよう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざい","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おし入れ、","gloss":"closets","reading":"おしいれ"},{"text":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboards","reading":"とだな"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"大きい","gloss":"large","reading":"おおきい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"便利","gloss":"convenient","reading":"べんり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"ly"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"built","reading":"でき"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.015","source":"台所は。","translation":"What about the kitchen?","reading":"だいどころは。","words":[{"text":"台所","gloss":"kitchen","reading":"だいどころ"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"中々","gloss":"considerably, very"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ええ。","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"ましょう。","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"頃","gloss":"approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ほど","gloss":"to the extent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"おし入れ、","gloss":"closet"},{"word":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboard"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"し、","gloss":"city"},{"word":"台所","gloss":"kitchen"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Kitchen features and viewing plans · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A friendly promise","paragraphs":["The kitchen has a gas stove, an electric refrigerator, storage, and a stainless steel sink. The listener decides to view the house.","*明日 御案内 いたしますわ* means \"I'll take you to see it tomorrow\". The final particle *わ* makes the woman's statement friendly and assertive.","In women's speech, *わ* can end a sentence or stand before *YO*, *NEE*, and *NE*. It can follow plain or polite forms."]}],"lines":[{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.016","source":"お台所には ガスこんろや 電気れいぞうこも ありますし、 たな、 戸だな なども じゅう分 あり、 ながしも ステンレスで 御ざいます。","translation":"The kitchen has a gas stove and an electric refrigerator, and furthermore, it has plenty of shelves and cupboards and the sink is stainless steel.","reading":"おだいどころにはガスこんろやでんきれいぞうこもありますし、たな、とだななどもじゅうぶんあり、ながしもステンレスでございます。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"honorable"},{"text":"台所","gloss":"kitchen","reading":"だいどころ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ガス","gloss":"gas stove"},{"text":"こんろ","gloss":"gas stove"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"電気","gloss":"electric refrigerator","reading":"でんき"},{"text":"れいぞう","gloss":"electric refrigerator"},{"text":"こ","gloss":"electric refrigerator"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"たな、","gloss":"shelves"},{"text":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboards","reading":"とだな"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"じゅう","gloss":"plenty"},{"text":"分","gloss":"plenty","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"あり、","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ながし","gloss":"sink"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"ステンレス","gloss":"stainless steel"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.017","source":"お話を 聞いただけで、 気に 入ってしまいました。","translation":"I am very pleased with it just by listening to you talk.","reading":"おはなしをきいただけで、きにいってしまいました。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"honorable"},{"text":"話","gloss":"talk","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"聞い","gloss":"heard","reading":"きい"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"just"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"by"},{"text":"気","gloss":"liking","reading":"き"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"入っ","gloss":"pleased","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"しまい","gloss":"completely"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.018","source":"では、 明日 御案内 いたしますわ。","translation":"Well, then, I'll take you to see it tomorrow.","reading":"では、あしたごあんないいたしますわ。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"text":"御","gloss":"honorable"},{"text":"案内","gloss":"guide"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"do humbly"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"わ。","gloss":"emphasis"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.018.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.019","source":"おねがい いたします。 家内も つれて 参ります。","translation":"Please. I'll take my wife along, too.","reading":"おねがいいたします。かないもつれてまいります。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ねがい","gloss":"request"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"do humbly"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"家内","gloss":"my wife","reading":"かない"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"つれ","gloss":"take along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"参り","gloss":"go humbly","reading":"まいり"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L055.dlg.020","source":"どうぞ。","translation":"Please do.","reading":"どうぞ。","words":[{"text":"どうぞ。","gloss":"please do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.dlg.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"たな、","gloss":"shelf"},{"word":"分","gloss":"minute"},{"word":"ながし","gloss":"sink"},{"word":"ステンレス","gloss":"stainless steel"},{"word":"話","gloss":"story, talk"},{"word":"わ。","gloss":"counter for birds (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying who alone does something · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"The only one who knows","paragraphs":["*知っているのは 私 だけです* means \"I am the only one who knows\". The description comes before *のは*, and the sole person comes before *だけです*."]},{"title":"The only thing described","paragraphs":["A verb, I-adjective, NA-adjective, or suffix in its base form can come before *のは*. *だけです* follows the sole person or thing.","*私が 話せるのは 英語 だけです* means \"the only language I can speak is English\".","*私 だけ 洋服を 着ていました* places *だけ* directly after the person. It means \"only I was wearing Western clothes\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.01","source":"知っているのは 私 だけです。","translation":"I am the only one who knows.\" (The one who knows is only I.)","reading":"しっているのはわたくしだけです。","words":[{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"does"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.02","source":"勉強しないのは スミスさん だけです。","translation":"The only one who does not study is Mr. Smith.","reading":"べんきょうしないのはスミスさんだけです。","words":[{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.03","source":"スミスさん だけ 勉強しません。","translation":"Only Mr. Smith does not study.","reading":"スミスさんだけべんきょうしません。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.04","source":"今 さいているのは さくらの 花 だけです。","translation":"The only flowers blooming now are cherry blossoms.","reading":"いまさいているのはさくらのはなだけです。","words":[{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"さい","gloss":"bloom"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"are"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さくら","gloss":"cherry"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"花","gloss":"flowers","reading":"はな"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.05","source":"今 さくらの 花 だけ さいています。","translation":"Only the cherry blossoms are blooming now.","reading":"いまさくらのはなだけさいています。","words":[{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"さくら","gloss":"cherry"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"花","gloss":"flowers","reading":"はな"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"さい","gloss":"bloom"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.06","source":"日本へ 行った 事のあるのは ジョンズさん だけです。","translation":"The only one who has been to Japan is Mr. Jones.","reading":"にほんへいったことのあるのはジョンズさんだけです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"has"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.07","source":"ジョンズさん だけ 日本へ 行った 事が あります。","translation":"Only Mr. Jones has been to Japan.","reading":"ジョンズさんだけにほんへいったことがあります。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"experience","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.08","source":"私が 話せるのは 英語 だけです。","translation":"The only language I can speak is English.","reading":"わたくしがはなせるのはえいごだけです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"話せる","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.09","source":"私は 英語 だけ 話せます。","translation":"I can speak only English.","reading":"わたくしはえいごだけはなせます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.09.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.10","source":"洋服を 着ていたのは 私 だけです。","translation":"I was the only one wearing Western clothes.","reading":"ようふくをきていたのはわたくしだけです。","words":[{"text":"洋服","gloss":"Western clothes","reading":"ようふく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.10.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp2.11","source":"私 だけ 洋服を 着ていました。","translation":"Only I was wearing Western clothes.","reading":"わたくしだけようふくをきていました。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"洋服","gloss":"Western clothes","reading":"ようふく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wear","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"さくら","gloss":"cherry (flower)"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"話せる","gloss":"to be able to speak"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"The more, the more · Perception drill, Block 4","teaching":[{"title":"More seeing, more interest","paragraphs":["*見れば 見るほど おもしろく なります* means \"the more you see it, the more interesting it gets\".","The conditional and base forms of *見る* stand together before *ほど*. The result states the corresponding change."]},{"title":"The repeated form","paragraphs":["A conditional verb or adjective is followed by its matching base form and *ほど*. This sequence means \"the more X, the more Y\".","*新しければ 新しいほど おいしいです* means \"the fresher it is, the more delicious it is\". An I-adjective uses the same pattern."]}],"lines":[{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.01","source":"見れば 見るほど おもしろく なります。","translation":"The more you see it, the more interesting it gets.","reading":"みればみるほどおもしろくなります。","words":[{"text":"見れ","gloss":"see","reading":"みれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"おもしろく","gloss":"interesting"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.01.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.02","source":"かん字は 書けば 書く ほど 上手に なります。","translation":"The more you write kanji, the better you become at it.","reading":"かんじはかけばかくほどじょうずになります。","words":[{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"書け","gloss":"write","reading":"かけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"ly"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.02.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.03","source":"食べれば 食べるほど 大きく なります。","translation":"The more you eat, the bigger you become.","reading":"たべればたべるほどおおきくなります。","words":[{"text":"食べれ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"大きく","gloss":"bigger","reading":"おおきく"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.03.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.04","source":"映画は 見れば 見るほど 見たく なります。","translation":"The more movies I see, the more I want to see them.","reading":"えいがはみればみるほどみたくなります。","words":[{"text":"映画","gloss":"movies","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"見れ","gloss":"see","reading":"みれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"たく","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.04.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.05","source":"新しければ 新しいほど おいしいです。","translation":"The fresher it is, the more delicious it is.","reading":"あたらしければあたらしいほどおいしいです。","words":[{"text":"新しけれ","gloss":"fresh","reading":"あたらしけれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"新しい","gloss":"fresh","reading":"あたらしい"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.05.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.06","source":"かんがえれば かんがえるほど むずかしく なります。","translation":"The more I think about it, the more difficult it becomes.","reading":"かんがえればかんがえるほどむずかしくなります。","words":[{"text":"かんがえれ","gloss":"think"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"かんがえる","gloss":"think"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"むずかしく","gloss":"difficult"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.06.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp4.07","source":"日本語は 話せば 話すほど 上手に なります。","translation":"The more you speak Japanese, the better you become at it.","reading":"にほんごははなせばはなすほどじょうずになります。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"speak","reading":"なせ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"話す","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなす"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"become"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp4.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"映画","gloss":"movie"},{"word":"おいしい","gloss":"tasty, delicious"},{"word":"かんがえる","gloss":"to think"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying something is easy · Perception drill, Block 6","teaching":[{"title":"An easy action","paragraphs":["*ひらがなを 習うのは わけは ありません* means \"learning hiragana is easy\". The action comes before *のは*, followed by the polite expression for ease."]},{"title":"An easy matter","paragraphs":["*わけは ない* and *わけは ありません* can serve as the predicate meaning \"easy\".","*それを なおすのは わけは ない 事です* means \"fixing it is an easy matter\". Before *事*, *わけは ない* describes the matter."]}],"lines":[{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.01","source":"それは わけは ありません。","translation":"That is easy.","reading":"それはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.01.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.02","source":"ひらがなを 習うのは わけは ありません。","translation":"Learning hiragana is easy.","reading":"ひらがなをならうのはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"ひらがな","gloss":"hiragana"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.02.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.03","source":"すきやきを りょうりするのは わけは ありません。","translation":"Cooking sukiyaki is easy.","reading":"すきやきをりょうりするのはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"すきやき","gloss":"sukiyaki"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"りょうり","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"する","gloss":"cook"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.03.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.04","source":"それを なおすのは わけは ない 事です。","translation":"Fixing it is an easy matter.","reading":"それをなおすのはわけはないことです。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なおす","gloss":"fix"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matter","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.04.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.05","source":"かん字を 読むのは わけは ないが、 書くのは むずかしい。","translation":"Reading kanji is easy, but writing it is difficult.","reading":"かんじをよむのはわけはないが、かくのはむずかしい。","words":[{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"むずかしい。","gloss":"difficult"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.05.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.06","source":"私には たばこを やめるのは わけは ない。","translation":"For me, quitting smoking is easy.","reading":"わたくしにはたばこをやめるのはわけはない。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"me","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"たばこ","gloss":"smoking"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やめる","gloss":"quit"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.06.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L055.gp6.07","source":"日本語を 英語に やくすのは わけは ありませんが、 英語を 日本語に やくすのは むずかしいです。","translation":"Translating Japanese into English is easy, but translating English into Japanese is difficult.","reading":"にほんごをえいごにやくすのはわけはありませんが、えいごをにほんごにやくすのはむずかしいです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"やくす","gloss":"translate"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"やくす","gloss":"translate"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.gp6.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ひらがな","gloss":"HIRAGANA syllabary"},{"word":"すきやき","gloss":"SUKIYAKI"},{"word":"なおす","gloss":"to correct, mend, repair (v.t.)"},{"word":"むずかしい。","gloss":"difficult"},{"word":"たばこ","gloss":"tobacco, cigarette"},{"word":"やめる","gloss":"to quit"},{"word":"やくす","gloss":"to translate (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Identifying the only one · Pattern 1 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The only place","paragraphs":["*畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけです* means \"the Japanese room is the only place where it is matted\".","This uses the *のは* and *だけです* pattern from *知っているのは 私 だけです*."]},{"title":"The only red one","paragraphs":["*赤いのは これ だけです* means \"this is the only red one\".","*さかなを 食べないのは スミスさん だけです* means \"the only one who does not eat fish is Mr. Smith\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.m1","source":"畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけです。","translation":"ZASHIKI is the only place where it is matted.","reading":"たたみのしいてあるのはざしきだけです。","words":[{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"しい","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"is laid"},{"text":"の","gloss":"place"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"matted room"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.01","source":"家の 中に 畳を しくのは 日本 だけです。","translation":"Japan is the only country where tatami mats are laid inside the house.","reading":"いえのなかにたたみをしくのはにほんだけです。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"中","gloss":"inside","reading":"なか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"しく","gloss":"lay"},{"text":"の","gloss":"place"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.02","source":"さかなを 食べないのは スミスさん だけです。","translation":"The only one who does not eat fish is Mr. Smith.","reading":"さかなをたべないのはスミスさんだけです。","words":[{"text":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"does not eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"does not eat"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Mr. Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Smith"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.03","source":"ジョンズさんを 知っているのは 私 だけです。","translation":"I am the only one who knows Mr. Jones.","reading":"ジョンズさんをしっているのはわたくしだけです。","words":[{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Mr. Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Jones"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"knows","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"knows"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"knows"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"am"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.04","source":"早く 帰ったのは あの人 だけです。","translation":"That person was the only one who went home early.","reading":"はやくかえったのはあのひとだけです。","words":[{"text":"早く","gloss":"early","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"帰っ","gloss":"went home","reading":"かえっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"went home"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that person"},{"text":"人","gloss":"that person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"was"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.05","source":"赤いのは これ だけです。","translation":"This is the only red one.","reading":"あかいのはこれだけです。","words":[{"text":"赤い","gloss":"red","reading":"あかい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.06","source":"私が きらいなのは 人じん だけです。","translation":"The only thing I dislike is carrots.","reading":"わたくしがきらいなのはにんじんだけです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"きらい","gloss":"dislike"},{"text":"な","gloss":"dislike"},{"text":"の","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"人","gloss":"carrots","reading":"にん"},{"text":"じん","gloss":"carrots"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"しく","gloss":"to lay, spread"},{"word":"さかな","gloss":"fish"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"きらい","gloss":"dislike (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking who alone qualifies · Pattern 1 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Is he the only one","paragraphs":["*今日 学校を 休んでいるのは ジョンズさん だけですか* means \"is Mr. Jones the only one absent from school today?\"","*スミスさんも 休んでいますよ* rejects that limit: \"Mr. Smith is absent too\"."]},{"title":"Only one in the answer","paragraphs":["*ふとっているのは 長男 だけです* means \"only my eldest son is stout\".","Here the answer names one son as the only person with the stated quality."]}],"lines":[{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.07","source":"白い くつが ありますか。","translation":"Do you have any white shoes?","reading":"しろいくつがありますか。","words":[{"text":"白い","gloss":"white","reading":"しろい"},{"text":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.08","source":"白いのは これ だけです。 皆 売り切れました。","translation":"This is the only white pair. All the others have sold out.","reading":"しろいのはこれだけです。みなうりきれました。","words":[{"text":"白い","gloss":"white","reading":"しろい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pair"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"all the others","reading":"みな"},{"text":"売り切れ","gloss":"sold out","reading":"うりきれ"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"sold out"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"sold out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.09","source":"今日 学校を 休んでいるのは ジョンズさん だけですか。","translation":"Is Mr. Jones the only one absent from school today?","reading":"きょうがっこうをやすんでいるのはジョンズさんだけですか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"from"},{"text":"休ん","gloss":"is absent","reading":"やすん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is absent"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is absent"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ジョンズ","gloss":"Mr. Jones"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Jones"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.10","source":"いいえ、 スミスさんも 休んでいますよ。","translation":"No, Mr. Smith is absent too.","reading":"いいえ、スミスさんもやすんでいますよ。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Mr. Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Smith"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"休ん","gloss":"is absent","reading":"やすん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is absent"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is absent"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is absent"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.11","source":"お宅の お子さんは 皆 ふとっているのですか。","translation":"Are all your children stout?","reading":"おたくのおこさんはみなふとっているのですか。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"your home"},{"text":"宅","gloss":"your home","reading":"たく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"children"},{"text":"子","gloss":"children","reading":"こ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"children"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"all","reading":"みな"},{"text":"ふとっ","gloss":"are stout"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are stout"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"are stout"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt1.12","source":"いいえ、 ふとっているのは 長男 だけです。","translation":"No, only my eldest son is stout.","reading":"いいえ、ふとっているのはちょうなんだけです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"ふとっ","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is stout"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"長男","gloss":"eldest son","reading":"ちょうなん"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt1.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"長男","gloss":"eldest son"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Increasing change through repetition · Pattern 2 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Action and result increase together","paragraphs":["*歩けば 歩くほど 足が つよく なります* means \"the more you walk, the stronger your legs become\".","This is the increasing comparison used in *かん字は 書けば 書くほど 上手に なります*."]},{"title":"Increasing qualities","paragraphs":["*ダイアログが 短かければ 短かいほど 生徒は よろこびます* means \"the shorter the dialogue is, the happier the students are\".","*ゆうびん切手は 古ければ 古いほど 高いです* compares greater age with greater price."]}],"lines":[{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.m1","source":"かん字は 書けば 書くほど 上手に なります。","translation":"The more you write kanji, the better you get.","reading":"かんじはかけばかくほどじょうずになります。","words":[{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"書け","gloss":"write","reading":"かけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"become"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.01","source":"歩けば 歩くほど 足が つよく なります。","translation":"The more you walk, the stronger your legs become.","reading":"あるけばあるくほどあしがつよくなります。","words":[{"text":"歩け","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"歩く","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるく"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"足","gloss":"legs","reading":"あし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"つよく","gloss":"strong"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"become"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.02","source":"ゴルフは れん習すれば するほど 上手に なります。","translation":"The more you practice golf, the better you become at it.","reading":"ゴルフはれんしゅうすればするほどじょうずになります。","words":[{"text":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"れん","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"習","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"すれ","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"する","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"become"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.03","source":"くつは みがけば みがくほど ひかります。","translation":"The more you polish shoes, the more they shine.","reading":"くつはみがけばみがくほどひかります。","words":[{"text":"くつ","gloss":"shoes"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みがけ","gloss":"polish"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"みがく","gloss":"polish"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"ひかり","gloss":"shine"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.04","source":"ダイアログが 短かければ 短かいほど 生徒は よろこびます。","translation":"The shorter the dialogue is, the happier the students are.","reading":"ダイアログがみじかければみじかいほどせいとはよろこびます。","words":[{"text":"ダイアログ","gloss":"dialogue"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"短かけれ","gloss":"short","reading":"みじかけれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"短かい","gloss":"short","reading":"みじかい"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"students","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よろこび","gloss":"are happier"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are happier"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.05","source":"ゆうびん切手は 古ければ 古いほど 高いです。","translation":"The older a postage stamp is, the more expensive it is.","reading":"ゆうびんきってはふるければふるいほどたかいです。","words":[{"text":"ゆうびん","gloss":"postage stamp"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp","reading":"きって"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"古けれ","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるけれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.06","source":"小包は かるければ かるいほど 料金が 安いです。","translation":"The lighter a parcel is, the lower the postage is.","reading":"こづつみはかるければかるいほどりょうきんがやすいです。","words":[{"text":"小包","gloss":"parcel","reading":"こづつみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かるけれ","gloss":"light"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"かるい","gloss":"light"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"料金","gloss":"postage","reading":"りょうきん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"安い","gloss":"low","reading":"やすい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"つよく","gloss":"strong"},{"word":"ゴルフ","gloss":"golf"},{"word":"みがく","gloss":"to polish, brush"},{"word":"ダイアログ","gloss":"dialogue"},{"word":"ゆうびん","gloss":"postal service"},{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"小包","gloss":"parcel, small package"},{"word":"かるい","gloss":"light"},{"word":"料金","gloss":"fee, charge"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Comparing repeated actions · Pattern 2 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A reply with increasing change","paragraphs":["*言葉は 使えば 使うほど よく おぼえるのです* means \"the more you use a language, the better you remember it\".","This is the increasing comparison used again in *みがけば みがくほど きれいに なります*."]},{"title":"More polishing and listening","paragraphs":["*みがけば みがくほど きれいに なります* means \"the more you polish it, the more beautiful it becomes\".","*聞けば 聞くほど おもしろく なります* means \"the more you listen to him, the more interesting it becomes\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.07","source":"言葉は いつも 使わないと、 わすれてしまいますね。","translation":"If you do not use a language all the time, you forget it, don’t you?","reading":"ことばはいつもつかわないと、わすれてしまいますね。","words":[{"text":"言葉","gloss":"language","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"all the time"},{"text":"も","gloss":"all the time"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"do not use","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"do not use"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"わすれ","gloss":"forget completely"},{"text":"て","gloss":"forget completely"},{"text":"しまい","gloss":"forget completely"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"forget completely"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.08","source":"ええ、 言葉は 使えば 使うほど よく おぼえるのです。","translation":"Yes, the more you use a language, the better you remember it.","reading":"ええ、ことばはつかえばつかうほどよくおぼえるのです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"language","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"使え","gloss":"use","reading":"つかえ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"おぼえる","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"の","gloss":"indeed"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.09","source":"この テーブルは きれいに みがいて ありますね。","translation":"This table has been polished beautifully, hasn’t it?","reading":"このテーブルはきれいにみがいてありますね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"テーブル","gloss":"table"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きれい","gloss":"beautiful"},{"text":"に","gloss":"beautifully"},{"text":"みがい","gloss":"has been polished"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has been polished"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"has been polished"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"has been polished"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.10","source":"ええ、 みがけば みがくほど きれいに なります。","translation":"Yes, the more you polish it, the more beautiful it becomes.","reading":"ええ、みがけばみがくほどきれいになります。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"みがけ","gloss":"polish"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"みがく","gloss":"polish"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"きれい","gloss":"beautiful"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"becomes"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"becomes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.11","source":"田中さんは 話が 上手ですね。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka is a good speaker, isn’t he?","reading":"たなかさんははなしがじょうずですね。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Mr. Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Tanaka"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"話","gloss":"speaking","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.12","source":"本とうに 上手ですね。 聞けば 聞くほど おもしろく なります。","translation":"He really is. The more you listen to him, the more interesting it becomes.","reading":"ほんとうにじょうずですね。きけばきくほどおもしろくなります。","words":[{"text":"本","gloss":"really","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"とう","gloss":"really"},{"text":"に","gloss":"really"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"skillful","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"聞け","gloss":"listen","reading":"きけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"聞く","gloss":"listen","reading":"きく"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"the more"},{"text":"おもしろく","gloss":"interesting"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"becomes"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"becomes"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.13","source":"書く","translation":"To write.","reading":"かく","words":[{"text":"書く","gloss":"write","reading":"かく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"使う","gloss":"to use, employ"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"おぼえる","gloss":"to memorize, remember (v.t.)"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Verbs and adjectives for comparisons · Pattern 2 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Predicates for increasing comparisons","paragraphs":["*れん習する* means \"to practice\", and *食べる* means \"to eat\". These verbs can supply the repeated predicate in an increasing comparison.","*安い*, \"inexpensive\", and *新しい*, \"new\", supply I-adjectives for the same comparison."]}],"lines":[{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.14","source":"れん習する","translation":"To practice.","reading":"れんしゅうする","words":[{"text":"れん","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"習","gloss":"practice"},{"text":"する","gloss":"practice"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.15","source":"食べる","translation":"To eat.","reading":"たべる","words":[{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.15.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.16","source":"見る","translation":"To see.","reading":"みる","words":[{"text":"見る","gloss":"see","reading":"みる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.17","source":"習う","translation":"To learn.","reading":"ならう","words":[{"text":"習う","gloss":"learn","reading":"ならう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.17.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.18","source":"読む","translation":"To read.","reading":"よむ","words":[{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.19","source":"安い","translation":"Inexpensive.","reading":"やすい","words":[{"text":"安い","gloss":"inexpensive","reading":"やすい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt2.20","source":"新しい","translation":"New.","reading":"あたらしい","words":[{"text":"新しい","gloss":"new","reading":"あたらしい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt2.20.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Calling tasks easy · Pattern 3 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"An easy task","paragraphs":["*お金を かりるのは わけは ありません* means \"borrowing money is easy\".","It uses the expression for ease in *これは わけは ありません*."]},{"title":"An easy matter","paragraphs":["*これを 明日までに すませるのは わけは ない 事です* means \"finishing this by tomorrow is an easy matter\".","*この自動車を なおすのは わけは ない* means \"fixing this automobile is easy\"."]}],"lines":[{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.m1","source":"これは わけは ありません。","translation":"This is easy.","reading":"これはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.m1.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.01","source":"お金を かりるのは わけは ありません。","translation":"Borrowing money is easy.","reading":"おかねをかりるのはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"money"},{"text":"金","gloss":"money","reading":"かね"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かりる","gloss":"borrow"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.01.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.02","source":"そのしつもんに 答えるのは わけは ありません。","translation":"Answering that question is easy.","reading":"そのしつもんにこたえるのはわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"しつもん","gloss":"question"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"答える","gloss":"answer","reading":"こたえる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"there is none"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"there is none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.02.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.03","source":"これを 明日までに すませるのは わけは ない 事です。","translation":"Finishing this by tomorrow is an easy matter.","reading":"これをあしたまでにすませるのはわけはないことです。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"by"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"すま","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"せる","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matter","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.03.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.04","source":"この自動車を なおすのは わけは ない。","translation":"Fixing this automobile is easy.","reading":"このじどうしゃをなおすのはわけはない。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃをな"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なおす","gloss":"fix"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the act"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.04.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.05","source":"米国から 日本まで 飛行機で 行けば わけは ない。","translation":"It is easy if you go by plane from the United States to Japan.","reading":"べいこくからにほんまでひこうきでいけばわけはない。","words":[{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"to"},{"text":"飛行","gloss":"airplane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"airplane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.05.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.06","source":"今日の 宿題は わけは ない。","translation":"Today's homework is easy.","reading":"きょうのしゅくだいはわけはない。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"宿題","gloss":"homework","reading":"しゅくだい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"difficulty"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"none"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.06.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かりる","gloss":"to borrow, rent"},{"word":"しつもん","gloss":"question"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"宿題","gloss":"homework"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Answering whether tasks are easy · Pattern 3 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Easy under a condition","paragraphs":["*自動車で 行けば わけは ありません* means \"if you go by car, it is no trouble\".","The answer uses the expression for ease in *自動車で 行けば わけは ありません*."]},{"title":"An easy thing to do","paragraphs":["*それは わけは ない 事です* means \"that is an easy thing to do\".","The same answer follows the requests to learn ten kanji each day and finish work by Saturday."]}],"lines":[{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.07","source":"田中さんの 家まで 遠いですか。","translation":"Is it far to Mr. Tanaka's house?","reading":"たなかさんのいえまでとおいですか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Mr. Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr. Tanaka"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"to"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.07.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.08","source":"かなり 遠いですが、 自動車で 行けば わけは ありません。","translation":"It is quite far, but if you go by car, it is no trouble.","reading":"かなりとおいですが、じどうしゃでいけばわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"かなり","gloss":"quite"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"far","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"trouble"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.08.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.09","source":"あなたは 毎日 かん字が 十 習えますか。","translation":"Can you learn ten kanji every day?","reading":"あなたはまいにちかんじがじゅうならえますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"毎日","gloss":"every day","reading":"まいにち"},{"text":"かん字","gloss":"kanji","reading":"かんじ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"十","gloss":"ten","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"習え","gloss":"can learn","reading":"ならえ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.09.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.10","source":"ええ、 それは わけは ない 事です。","translation":"Yes, that is an easy thing to do.","reading":"ええ、それはわけはないことです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"trouble"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.10.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.11","source":"これを 土曜日までに すませて くださいませんか。","translation":"Could you finish this by Saturday?","reading":"これをどようびまでにすませてくださいませんか。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"until"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"すま","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"せ","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"て","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.11.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L055.pt3.12","source":"ええ、 それは わけは ない 事です。","translation":"Yes, that is an easy thing to do.","reading":"ええ、それはわけはないことです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わけ","gloss":"trouble"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.pt3.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"遠い","gloss":"far"},{"word":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Traditional rooms and alcoves · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Rooms divided by screens","paragraphs":["The passage describes the rooms of a Japanese house. *和室は 大抵 ふすまで、 二間 又は 三間に しきられます* means \"Japanese-style rooms are usually divided by sliding screens into two or three rooms\".","*ふすま* are the sliding screens that divide the rooms."]},{"title":"The room with the alcove","paragraphs":["*床の 間のある へやは 日本風の 家では 一番 いい へやです* means \"in a Japanese-style house, the room with the alcove is the best room\".","*床の 間* is the alcove. A stepped shelf stands beside it."]}],"lines":[{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.001","source":"日本の 家には 大抵 げんかんが あります。","translation":"Japanese houses usually have an entryway.","reading":"にほんのいえにはたいていげんかんがあります。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"げんかん","gloss":"entryway"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.002","source":"げんかんから ざしきに 上るのです。","translation":"You step up from the entryway into the Japanese-style room.","reading":"げんかんからざしきにあがるのです。","words":[{"text":"げんかん","gloss":"entryway"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"Japanese-style room"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"上る","gloss":"step up","reading":"あがる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact that"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.003","source":"和室は 大抵 ふすまで、 二間 又は 三間に しきられます。","translation":"Japanese-style rooms are usually divided by sliding screens into two or three rooms.","reading":"わしつはたいていふすまで、ふたままたはみまにしきられます。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"ふすま","gloss":"sliding screens"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"by"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two"},{"text":"間","gloss":"rooms"},{"text":"又","gloss":"or"},{"text":"は","gloss":"or"},{"text":"三","gloss":"three","reading":"み"},{"text":"間","gloss":"rooms","reading":"ま"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"しきら","gloss":"divided"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.004","source":"一間は 居間に 使われます。","translation":"One room is used as a living room.","reading":"ひとまはいまにつかわれます。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one room","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"間","gloss":"one room","reading":"ま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"居間","gloss":"living room","reading":"いま"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"使わ","gloss":"used","reading":"つかわ"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.005","source":"ある 家では 居間は 洋風です。","translation":"In some houses, the living room is Western style.","reading":"あるいえではいまはようふうです。","words":[{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"居間","gloss":"living room","reading":"いま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"洋風","gloss":"Western style","reading":"ようふう"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.006","source":"和室には 床の 間が あり、 そのそばに ちがいだなが あります。","translation":"A Japanese-style room has an alcove, with a shelf arranged stepwise beside it.","reading":"わしつにはとこのまがあり、そのそばにちがいだながあります。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style room","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"床","gloss":"alcove","reading":"とこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"alcove"},{"text":"間","gloss":"alcove","reading":"ま"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり、","gloss":"has"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"そば","gloss":"beside"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"ちがい","gloss":"tiered shelf"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"tiered shelf"},{"text":"な","gloss":"tiered shelf"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.007","source":"床の 間のある へやは 日本風の 家では 一番 いい へやです。","translation":"In a Japanese-style house, the room with the alcove is the best room.","reading":"とこのまのあるへやはにほんふうのいえではいちばんいいへやです。","words":[{"text":"床","gloss":"alcove","reading":"とこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"alcove"},{"text":"間","gloss":"alcove","reading":"ま"},{"text":"の","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"having"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese-style"},{"text":"風","gloss":"Japanese-style"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"most","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"げんかん","gloss":"entrance of the house"},{"word":"上る","gloss":"to eat, drink, come"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"洋風","gloss":"Western style"},{"word":"そば","gloss":"vicinity"},{"word":"一番","gloss":"number one (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Mats, bedrooms and modern kitchens · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Sliding doors and room size","paragraphs":["*えんがわと ざしきは しょうじで しきられています* means \"the corridor and the Japanese-style room are separated by paper sliding doors\".","*へやの 大きさは 畳の かずで わかるのです* says that the number of mats gives a room's size."]},{"title":"Bedrooms and modern kitchens","paragraphs":["Almost any Japanese-style room can serve as a bedroom, but it usually has no bed.","*ガスこんろ、 電気れいぞうこ* are \"a gas stove and an electric refrigerator\". Modern kitchens can also have an electric washing machine and ample storage."]}],"lines":[{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.008","source":"家の まわりには えんがわが あって、 えんがわと ざしきは しょうじで しきられています。","translation":"There is an open corridor around the house, and the corridor and the Japanese-style room are separated by paper sliding doors.","reading":"いえのまわりにはえんがわがあって、えんがわとざしきはしょうじでしきられています。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"まわり","gloss":"around"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"えんがわ","gloss":"open corridor"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あっ","gloss":"there is"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"there is"},{"text":"えんがわ","gloss":"open corridor"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"Japanese-style room"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"しょうじ","gloss":"paper sliding doors"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"しきら","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are separated"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.009","source":"和室は ほとんど どの へやでも 寝室に 使う 事が 出来ますが、 寝台は 大抵 はいっていません。","translation":"Almost any Japanese-style room can be used as a bedroom, but there is usually no bed in it.","reading":"わしつはほとんどどのへやでもしんしつにつかうことができますが、しんだいはたいていはいっていません。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"any"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"寝室","gloss":"bedroom","reading":"しんしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"寝台","gloss":"bed","reading":"しんだい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"はいっ","gloss":"is not present"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is not present"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is not present"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"is not present"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"is not present"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.010","source":"和室には","translation":"As for Japanese-style rooms...","reading":"わしつには","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.011","source":"畳が しいてあって、 六畳の 間、 八畳の 間と 言うように、 へやの 大きさは 畳の かずで わかるのです。","translation":"Tatami mats are laid in them, and a room's size is known by the number of mats, as in a six-mat room or an eight-mat room.","reading":"たたみがしいてあって、ろくじょうのま、はちじょうのまというように、へやのおおきさはたたみのかずでわかるのです。","words":[{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"しいて","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"あっ","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"六","gloss":"six-mat","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"six-mat","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間、","gloss":"room"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight-mat"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"eight-mat"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間","gloss":"room","reading":"ま"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"say","reading":"いう"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"way"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"in"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大き","gloss":"size","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"size"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"かず","gloss":"number"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"わかる","gloss":"is known"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.012","source":"畳が 八枚 しいてあれば、 それは 八畳の 間です。","translation":"If eight tatami mats are laid in a room, it is an eight-mat room.","reading":"たたみがはちまいしいてあれば、それははちじょうのまです。","words":[{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight","reading":"はち"},{"text":"枚","gloss":"mat counter","reading":"まい"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"あれ","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"八","gloss":"eight-mat","reading":"はち"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"eight-mat","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間","gloss":"room","reading":"ま"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.013","source":"この頃の 日本の 家は 台所が 大へん モダンに なって、 ガスこんろ、 電気れいぞうこ などが あり、 又 ある 家では、 電気せんたく機が あります。","translation":"Nowadays, kitchens in Japanese houses have become very modern, with gas stoves, electric refrigerators, and, in some houses, electric washing machines.","reading":"このごろのにほんのいえはだいどころがたいへんモダンになって、ガスこんろ、でんきれいぞうこなどがあり、またあるいえでは、でんきせんたくきがあります。","words":[{"text":"この頃","gloss":"nowadays"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"台所","gloss":"kitchens","reading":"だいどころ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"大へん","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"モダン","gloss":"modern"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"have become"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"have become"},{"text":"ガス","gloss":"gas"},{"text":"こんろ、","gloss":"stoves"},{"text":"電気","gloss":"electric refrigerators","reading":"でんき"},{"text":"れいぞう","gloss":"electric refrigerators"},{"text":"こ","gloss":"electric refrigerators"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり、","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"some"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"電気","gloss":"electric washing machines","reading":"でんき"},{"text":"せんたく","gloss":"electric washing machines"},{"text":"機","gloss":"electric washing machines","reading":"き"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L055.rd.014","source":"たな、 戸だな なども じゅう分 あるし、 ながしも 大抵 ステンレスです。","translation":"There are also plenty of shelves and cupboards, and the sinks are usually stainless steel.","reading":"たな、とだななどもじゅうぶんあるし、ながしもたいていステンレスです。","words":[{"text":"た","gloss":"shelves"},{"text":"な、","gloss":"shelves"},{"text":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboards","reading":"とだな"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"じゅう","gloss":"plenty"},{"text":"分","gloss":"plenty","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ながし","gloss":"sinks"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"ステンレス","gloss":"stainless steel"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.rd.014.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"どの","gloss":"which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"言う","gloss":"to say"},{"word":"かず","gloss":"number"},{"word":"この頃","gloss":"these days, nowadays"},{"word":"大へん","gloss":"very"},{"word":"モダン","gloss":"modern"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Room divisions and sleeping spaces · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"How the rooms are arranged","paragraphs":["The questions ask about entryways, room divisions, the alcove, the corridor, and bedrooms.","*日本の ざしきは 大抵 何で しきられていますか* means \"what are Japanese-style rooms usually partitioned by?\" An answer names the sliding screens.","*床の 間は どこに ありますか* asks for the alcove's location. The answer places it in a Japanese-style room."]}],"lines":[{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.001","source":"日本の ざしきは 大抵 何で しきられていますか","translation":"What are Japanese-style rooms usually partitioned by?","reading":"にほんのざしきはたいていなんでしきられていますか","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"しきら","gloss":"are partitioned"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are partitioned"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are partitioned"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are partitioned"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are partitioned"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.001.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.002","source":"日本の 家は どこから ざしきに 上りますか。","translation":"From where do you step up into the Japanese-style rooms in a Japanese house?","reading":"にほんのいえはどこからざしきにあがりますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"上り","gloss":"step up","reading":"あがり"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.002.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.003","source":"床の 間は どこに ありますか。","translation":"Where is the alcove?","reading":"とこのまはどこにありますか。","words":[{"text":"床","gloss":"alcove","reading":"とこ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"alcove"},{"text":"間","gloss":"alcove","reading":"ま"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.003.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.004","source":"家の まわりには 何が ありますか。","translation":"What is there around the house?","reading":"いえのまわりにはなにがありますか。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"まわり","gloss":"around"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.004.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.005","source":"えんがわと ざしきは 何で しきられていますか。","translation":"What separates the open corridor from the Japanese-style room?","reading":"えんがわとざしきはなんでしきられていますか。","words":[{"text":"えんがわ","gloss":"open corridor"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ざしき","gloss":"Japanese-style room"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"しきら","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"れ","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are separated"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.005.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.006","source":"和室は どの へやでも 寝室に 使う 事が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can any Japanese-style room be used as a bedroom?","reading":"わしつはどのへやでもしんしつにつかうことができますか。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"any"},{"text":"へや","gloss":"room"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"寝室","gloss":"bedroom","reading":"しんしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"使う","gloss":"use","reading":"つかう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.006.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.007","source":"日本の 家では 大抵 寝台を 使いますか。","translation":"Do people usually use beds in Japanese houses?","reading":"にほんのいえではたいていしんだいをつかいますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"寝台","gloss":"beds","reading":"しんだい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"使い","gloss":"use","reading":"つかい"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Room size and kitchen equipment · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Mats and kitchen equipment","paragraphs":["The questions ask what covers a Japanese-style room, how mats give its size, and what a modern kitchen contains.","*六畳の 間には 畳が 何枚 しいてありますか* means \"how many tatami mats are laid in a six-mat room?\" The answer gives six mats.","*モダンな 台所には、 どんな 電気きぐが ありますか* asks for the electrical appliances in a modern kitchen."]}],"lines":[{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.008","source":"和室には 何が しいて ありますか。","translation":"What is laid in Japanese-style rooms?","reading":"わしつにはなにがしいてありますか。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style rooms","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"しいて","gloss":"laid"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.008.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.009","source":"和室の 大きさは 何で わかりますか。","translation":"How can you tell the size of a Japanese-style room?","reading":"わしつのおおきさはなんでわかりますか。","words":[{"text":"和室","gloss":"Japanese-style room","reading":"わしつ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"大き","gloss":"size","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"size"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"can tell"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.009.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.010","source":"六畳の 間には 畳が 何枚 しいてありますか。","translation":"How many tatami mats are laid in a six-mat room?","reading":"ろくじょうのまにはたたみがなんまいしいてありますか。","words":[{"text":"六","gloss":"six-mat","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"six-mat","reading":"じょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"間","gloss":"room","reading":"ま"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"畳","gloss":"tatami mats","reading":"たたみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many","reading":"なん"},{"text":"枚","gloss":"mat counter","reading":"まい"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"are laid"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.010.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.011","source":"この頃の 日本の 家は 台所が モダンに なりましたか。","translation":"Have the kitchens in Japanese houses become modern nowadays?","reading":"このごろのにほんのいえはだいどころがモダンになりましたか。","words":[{"text":"この頃","gloss":"nowadays"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"houses","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"台所","gloss":"kitchens","reading":"だいどころ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"モダン","gloss":"modern"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.011.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.012","source":"モダンな 台所には、 どんな 電気きぐが ありますか。","translation":"What kinds of electrical appliances are there in a modern kitchen?","reading":"モダンなだいどころには、どんなでんききぐがありますか。","words":[{"text":"モダン","gloss":"modern"},{"text":"な","gloss":"modern"},{"text":"台所","gloss":"kitchen","reading":"だいどころ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds of"},{"text":"電気","gloss":"electrical appliances","reading":"でんき"},{"text":"きぐ","gloss":"electrical appliances"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.012.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L055.q.013","source":"たな、 戸だななどが じゅう分 ありますか。","translation":"Are there plenty of shelves, cupboards, and so on?","reading":"たな、とだななどがじゅうぶんありますか。","words":[{"text":"た","gloss":"shelves"},{"text":"な、","gloss":"shelves"},{"text":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboards","reading":"とだな"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"じゅう","gloss":"plenty"},{"text":"分","gloss":"plenty","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.q.013.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Room size and alcove words · Word list 1 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Room size and the alcove","paragraphs":["These words cover matted rooms and their formal features. *十畳* is \"ten mats\", and *八畳の間* is \"an eight-matted room\".","*床の間* is \"an alcove\". The entries connect a room's mat count with its size and features."]}],"lines":[{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.001","source":"十畳","translation":"ten mats","reading":"じゅうじょう","words":[{"text":"十畳","gloss":"ten mats","reading":"じゅうじょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.001.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.002","source":"八畳の間","translation":"eight-matted room","reading":"はちじょうのま","words":[{"text":"八畳の間","gloss":"eight-mat room","reading":"はちじょうのま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.002.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.003","source":"---畳","translation":"counter for counting mats","reading":"---じょう","words":[{"text":"---畳","gloss":"mat counter","reading":"---じょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.003.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.004","source":"大きさ","translation":"size","reading":"おおきさ","words":[{"text":"大きさ","gloss":"size","reading":"おおきさ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.004.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.005","source":"応接室","translation":"reception room, drawing room","reading":"おうせつしつ","words":[{"text":"応接室","gloss":"reception room","reading":"おうせつしつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.005.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.006","source":"奥ざしき","translation":"inner room","reading":"おくざしき","words":[{"text":"奥ざしき","gloss":"inner room","reading":"おくざしき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.006.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.007","source":"畳","translation":"straw mat (See Cultural Notes)","reading":"たたみ","words":[{"text":"畳","gloss":"straw mat","reading":"たたみ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.007.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.008","source":"しく","translation":"to lay, spread","reading":"しく","words":[{"text":"しく","gloss":"lay"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.008.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.009","source":"--のは--だけです","translation":"--is the only one that -- (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"--のは--だけです","words":[{"text":"--のは--だけです","gloss":"is the only one"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.009.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.010","source":"床の間","translation":"alcove (See Cultural Notes)","reading":"とこのま","words":[{"text":"床の間","gloss":"alcove","reading":"とこのま"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.010.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.011","source":"ちがいだな","translation":"shelf arranged stepwise","reading":"ちがいだな","words":[{"text":"ちがいだな","gloss":"tiered shelf"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"十畳","gloss":"ten mats"},{"word":"八畳の間","gloss":"eight-matted room"},{"word":"---畳","gloss":"counter for counting mats"},{"word":"大きさ","gloss":"size"},{"word":"応接室","gloss":"reception room, drawing room"},{"word":"奥ざしき","gloss":"inner room"},{"word":"--のは--だけです","gloss":"--is the only one that -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"床の間","gloss":"alcove (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"ちがいだな","gloss":"shelf arranged stepwise"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Doors, corridors and facilities · Word list 2 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Doors and facilities","paragraphs":["These words cover a house's openings, divisions, and facilities. *雨戸* is \"a storm door or shutter\", and *しょうじ* is \"a paper sliding door\".","*わけはない* means \"easy\". The other entries name corridors, screens, bedrooms, beds, and a toilet."]}],"lines":[{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.012","source":"えんがわ","translation":"open corridor, veranda","reading":"えんがわ","words":[{"text":"えんがわ","gloss":"open corridor"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.012.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.013","source":"まわりえん","translation":"open corridor going around the side of a house","reading":"まわりえん","words":[{"text":"まわりえん","gloss":"corridor around house"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.013.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.014","source":"雨戸","translation":"storm door, shutter ( See Cultural Notes)","reading":"あまど","words":[{"text":"雨戸","gloss":"storm shutter","reading":"あまど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.014.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.015","source":"しょうじ","translation":"paper sliding door (See Cultural Notes)","reading":"しょうじ","words":[{"text":"しょうじ","gloss":"paper sliding door"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.015.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.016","source":"ふすま","translation":"sliding screen (See Cultural Notes)","reading":"ふすま","words":[{"text":"ふすま","gloss":"sliding screen"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.016.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.017","source":"しきる","translation":"to partition, divide","reading":"しきる","words":[{"text":"しきる","gloss":"partition"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.017.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.018","source":"寝室","translation":"bedroom","reading":"しんしつ","words":[{"text":"寝室","gloss":"bedroom","reading":"しんしつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.018.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.019","source":"寝台","translation":"bed","reading":"しんだい","words":[{"text":"寝台","gloss":"bed","reading":"しんだい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.019.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.020","source":"便所","translation":"toilet","reading":"べんじょ","words":[{"text":"便所","gloss":"toilet","reading":"べんじょ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.020.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.021","source":"たてます","translation":"to add on to a building","reading":"たてます","words":[{"text":"たてます","gloss":"add onto building"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.021.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.022","source":"わけはない","translation":"easy, nothing to it (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"わけはない","words":[{"text":"わけはない","gloss":"nothing to it"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"まわりえん","gloss":"open corridor going around the side of a house"},{"word":"しきる","gloss":"to partition, divide"},{"word":"便所","gloss":"toilet"},{"word":"たてます","gloss":"to add on to a building"},{"word":"わけはない","gloss":"easy, nothing to it (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"House hunting and kitchen words · Word list 3 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"House hunting and the kitchen","paragraphs":["These words cover comparing houses and checking their kitchens. *見れば見るほど* means \"the more you see, the more\", and *まよう* means \"to get confused\".","*電気れいぞうこ* is \"an electric refrigerator\". The remaining entries name storage and other kitchen fittings."]}],"lines":[{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.023","source":"何でしたら","translation":"if it's all right with you","reading":"なんでしたら","words":[{"text":"何でしたら","gloss":"if you agree","reading":"なんでしたら"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.023.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.024","source":"へんなもので","translation":"it's strange that ---","reading":"へんなもので","words":[{"text":"へんなもので","gloss":"it's strange that"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.024.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.025","source":"見れば見るほど","translation":"the more you see, the more --- (See Grammar Notes)","reading":"みればみるほど","words":[{"text":"見れば見るほど","gloss":"the more you see","reading":"みればみるほど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.025.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.026","source":"まよう","translation":"to get lost, get confused","reading":"まよう","words":[{"text":"まよう","gloss":"get lost"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.026.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.027","source":"おし入れ","translation":"closet","reading":"おしいれ","words":[{"text":"おし入れ","gloss":"closet","reading":"おしいれ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.027.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.028","source":"戸だな","translation":"cupboard","reading":"とだな","words":[{"text":"戸だな","gloss":"cupboard","reading":"とだな"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.028.m4a"},{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.029","source":"じゅう分","translation":"sufficient","reading":"じゅうぶん","words":[{"text":"じゅう分","gloss":"sufficient","reading":"じゅうぶん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.029.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.030","source":"ガスこんろ","translation":"gas stove, gas range","reading":"ガスこんろ","words":[{"text":"ガスこんろ","gloss":"gas stove"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.030.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.031","source":"電気れいぞうこ","translation":"electric refrigerator","reading":"でんきれいぞうこ","words":[{"text":"電気れいぞうこ","gloss":"electric refrigerator","reading":"でんきれいぞうこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.031.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.032","source":"たな","translation":"shelf","reading":"たな","words":[{"text":"たな","gloss":"shelf"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.032.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.033","source":"ながし","translation":"sink","reading":"ながし","words":[{"text":"ながし","gloss":"sink"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"何でしたら","gloss":"if it's all right with you"},{"word":"へんなもので","gloss":"it's strange that ---"},{"word":"見れば見るほど","gloss":"the more you see, the more --- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"まよう","gloss":"to get lost, get confused"},{"word":"おし入れ","gloss":"closet"},{"word":"じゅう分","gloss":"sufficient"},{"word":"ガスこんろ","gloss":"gas stove, gas range"},{"word":"電気れいぞうこ","gloss":"electric refrigerator"},{"word":"たな","gloss":"shelf"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Windows, terraces and room words · Word list 4 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"Windows, rooms, and a terminal particle","paragraphs":["These words cover parts and features of a modern house. *高まど* is \"a high window\", and *まるまど* is \"a round window\".","*---は* is a terminal particle used by women for a friendly assertion. The other entries name rooms, facilities, and household features."]}],"lines":[{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.034","source":"ステンレス","translation":"stainless steel","reading":"ステンレス","words":[{"text":"ステンレス","gloss":"stainless steel"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.034.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.035","source":"---は","translation":"terminal particle (See Cultural Notes)","reading":"---は","words":[{"text":"---は","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.035.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.036","source":"高まど","translation":"high window","reading":"たかまど","words":[{"text":"高まど","gloss":"high window","reading":"たかまど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.036.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.037","source":"まるまど","translation":"round window","reading":"まるまど","words":[{"text":"まるまど","gloss":"round window"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.037.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.038","source":"げた箱","translation":"clog cabinet, clog box","reading":"げたばこ","words":[{"text":"げた箱","gloss":"clog cabinet","reading":"げたばこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.038.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.039","source":"トイレ","translation":"toilet","reading":"トイレ","words":[{"text":"トイレ","gloss":"toilet"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.039.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.040","source":"テラス","translation":"terrace","reading":"テラス","words":[{"text":"テラス","gloss":"terrace"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.040.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.041","source":"子供べや","translation":"children's room","reading":"こどもべや","words":[{"text":"子供べや","gloss":"children's room","reading":"こどもべや"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.041.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.042","source":"たしか","translation":"I am sure, certainly","reading":"たしか","words":[{"text":"たしか","gloss":"certainly"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.042.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.043","source":"ひかる","translation":"shine, glitter","reading":"ひかる","words":[{"text":"ひかる","gloss":"shine"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.043.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.044","source":"モダン","translation":"modern","reading":"モダン","words":[{"text":"モダン","gloss":"modern"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.044.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"---は","gloss":"terminal particle (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"高まど","gloss":"high window"},{"word":"まるまど","gloss":"round window"},{"word":"げた箱","gloss":"clog cabinet, clog box"},{"word":"テラス","gloss":"terrace"},{"word":"子供べや","gloss":"children's room"},{"word":"たしか","gloss":"I am sure, certainly"},{"word":"ひかる","gloss":"shine, glitter"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Appliances, windows and room size · Word list 5 of 5","teaching":[{"title":"House features and room size","paragraphs":["These words review household appliances, windows, and rooms. *電気せんたく機* is \"an electric washing machine\", and *げた箱* is \"a clog box\".","*このざしきの 大きさは たしか 八畳だと 思います* means \"I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room\". The mat count gives the room's size."]}],"lines":[{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.045","source":"電気せんたく機","translation":"electric washing machine","reading":"でんきせんたくき","words":[{"text":"電気せんたく機","gloss":"electric washing machine","reading":"でんきせんたくき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.045.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.046","source":"高まど","translation":"high window","reading":"たかまど","words":[{"text":"高まど","gloss":"high window","reading":"たかまど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.046.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.047","source":"まるまど","translation":"round window","reading":"まるまど","words":[{"text":"まるまど","gloss":"round window"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.047.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.048","source":"げた箱","translation":"clog box, clog cabinet","reading":"げたばこ","words":[{"text":"げた箱","gloss":"clog box","reading":"げたばこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.048.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.049","source":"便所","translation":"toilet","reading":"べんじょ","words":[{"text":"便所","gloss":"toilet","reading":"べんじょ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.049.m4a"},{"number":169,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.050","source":"テラス","translation":"terrace","reading":"テラス","words":[{"text":"テラス","gloss":"terrace"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.050.m4a"},{"number":170,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.051","source":"子供べや","translation":"children's room","reading":"こどもべや","words":[{"text":"子供べや","gloss":"children's room","reading":"こどもべや"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.051.m4a"},{"number":171,"id":"ja.dli.L055.w.052","source":"このざしきの 大きさは たしか 八畳だと 思います。","translation":"I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room.","reading":"このざしきのおおきさはたしかはちじょうだとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"このざしきの大きさはたしか八畳だと思います。","gloss":"eight-mat Japanese room","reading":"このざしきのおおきさはたしかはちじょうだとおもいます。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L055.w.052.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":9,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Look at the sketches on pages 140-143 and describe them.\n\n2 Describe your house.\n\n3 Describe a Japanese house.\n\n4 Describe your friend's house."},{"section":10,"text":"Homework\n\n1. Memorize the Dialogue and know the vocabulary.\n\n2. Study the Pattern Drill and do the exercises following each Pattern Drill.\n\n3. Learn to read and write the new kanji.\n\n4. Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n5. Use the guide given for practice in free conversation."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"電気せんたく機","gloss":"electric washing machine"},{"word":"このざしきの大きさはたしか八畳だと思います。","gloss":"\"I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room.\""}],"paradigms":[]}]}