{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L068","title":"Lesson 68","stage":"Kanji and everyday Japanese","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 68: telephone greetings and family health · dialogue 1 of 7, dinner invitation and dining guidance · dialogue 2 of 7, japanese meal trays and dishes · dialogue 3 of 7, japanese dishes and chopsticks · dialogue 4 of 7, beginning a japanese meal · dialogue 5 of 7, eating rice and soup · dialogue 6 of 7, ending meals with pickles · dialogue 7 of 7, saying conditions make things impossible · perception drill, not knowing what to choose · perception drill, conditions preventing an action · pattern 1 1 of 3, explaining why something will not work · pattern 1 2 of 3, acting despite difficult conditions · pattern 1 3 of 3, asking what one should do · pattern 2 1 of 4, choosing what to do · pattern 2 2 of 4, deciding what to order · pattern 2 3 of 4, what one should do · pattern 2 4 of 4, arranging a meal tray · reading selection 1 of 2, order of eating dishes · reading selection 2 of 2, asking about place settings · questions 1 of 2, asking about dining sequence · questions 2 of 2, invitations and polite acceptance · word list 1 of 4, dishes and dining manners · word list 2 of 4, utensils and table arrangements · word list 3 of 4, bowls.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/68","lines":188},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/67","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/69","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Telephone greetings and family health · Dialogue 1 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"A call about the family","paragraphs":["A caller asks for Mrs. Miller in *もしもし、 ミラーさんの 奥さんで いらっしゃいますか*. It means \"Hello, is this Mrs. Miller?\"","Mrs. Miller and Murata then ask about each other's family and health."]},{"title":"A more polite request","paragraphs":["*少々 お待ち くださいませ。 ただ今 お呼びいたします* means \"Please wait a moment. I will call her now.\"","In *くださいませ*, *ませ* follows the honorific imperative *ください*. The result is a polite command."]},{"title":"Kanji: 寒","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.001","source":"もしもし、 ミラーさんの 奥さんで いらっしゃいますか。","translation":"Hello, is this Mrs. Miller?","reading":"もしもし、ミラーさんのおくさんでいらっしゃいますか。","words":[{"text":"もしもし、","gloss":"hello"},{"text":"ミラー","gloss":"Miller"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.002","source":"少々 お待ち くださいませ。 ただ今 お呼びいたします。","translation":"Please wait a moment. I will call her now.","reading":"しょうしょうおまちくださいませ。ただいまおよびいたします。","words":[{"text":"少々","gloss":"a moment","reading":"しょうしょう"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"待ち","gloss":"wait","reading":"まち"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ただ","gloss":"now"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"呼び","gloss":"call","reading":"よび"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"humbly do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.003","source":"もしもし ミラーで 御ざいますが、 お待たせいたしました。","translation":"Hello, this is Mrs. Miller. I am sorry to have kept you waiting.","reading":"もしもしミラーでございますが、おまたせいたしました。","words":[{"text":"もしもし","gloss":"hello"},{"text":"ミラー","gloss":"Miller"},{"text":"で","gloss":"am"},{"text":"御","gloss":"am","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"am"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"待た","gloss":"kept waiting","reading":"また"},{"text":"せ","gloss":"kept waiting"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"humbly did"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.004","source":"村田で 御ざいます。 お寒いようで 御ざいますが、 お変り 御ざいませんか。","translation":"This is Murata. It seems to be cold, but have you been well?","reading":"むらたでございます。おさむいようでございますが、おかわりございませんか。","words":[{"text":"村田","gloss":"Murata","reading":"むらた"},{"text":"で","gloss":"am"},{"text":"御","gloss":"am","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"am"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"寒い","gloss":"cold","reading":"さむい"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"変り","gloss":"change","reading":"かわり"},{"text":"御","gloss":"have been","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"have been"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have been"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.005","source":"ありがとう 御ざいます。 おかげ様で しごく 元気で おります。 お宅では。","translation":"Thank you. Thanks to you, I am extremely well. And your family?","reading":"ありがとうございます。おかげさまでしごくげんきでおります。おたくでは。","words":[{"text":"ありがとう","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"御","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"い","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"おかげ","gloss":"thanks"},{"text":"様","gloss":"to you","reading":"さま"},{"text":"で","gloss":"due to"},{"text":"しごく","gloss":"extremely"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"well","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"am"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"am"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"宅","gloss":"family","reading":"たく"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as for"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.006","source":"おかげ様で、 皆 かぜも 引かず、 元気で すごして おります。","translation":"Thanks to you, everyone is getting along well without even catching a cold.","reading":"おかげさまで、みなかぜもひかず、げんきですごしております。","words":[{"text":"おかげ","gloss":"thanks"},{"text":"様","gloss":"to you","reading":"さま"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"due to"},{"text":"皆","gloss":"everyone","reading":"みな"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"引か","gloss":"catch","reading":"ひか"},{"text":"ず、","gloss":"without"},{"text":"元気","gloss":"well","reading":"げんき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"すごし","gloss":"getting along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"getting along"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"DEWA, \"if it is ---.\"\n\nFollowing nouns and pronouns and some particles, DEWA expresses conditional and can be expressed in English as \"if it is ---.\" Note that the clause following DEWA will usually be in negative or will have a negative meaning.\n\nExamples:\n\nWATAKUSHI DEWA DAME DESU. \"If it is I, it won't do.\"\n\nKONNA TENKI DEWA IKEMASEN. \"If it's weather like this, we can't go.\"\n\nHON O YOMU DAKE DEWA WAKARIMASEN. \"If it's just by reading books, I wouldn't understand.\"\n\nConditional in -TEWA and -DEWA.\n\nThe particle WA following the TE-form of verbs (at times DE) and i-adjectives express a conditional idea \"if\". Note also that the main clause following -TEWA or -DEWA will usually be in the negative or will have a negative implication.\n\nExamples:\n\nSONNA NI HAYAKU YONDEWA WAKARIMASEN. \"If you read so fast, I can't understand it.\"\n\nSONNA NI TAKUSAN TABETEWA KARADA NI WARUI DESU YO. \"If you eat so much, it will be bad for your health.\"\n\nKONNA NI AME GA FUTTEWA IKANAI HOO GA II DESHOO. \"If it rains like this, we had better not go.\"\n\nKONNA NI SAMUKUTEWA KAZE O HIKIMASU. \"If it's cold like this, we'll catch cold.\""},{"section":2,"text":"Interrogative Words + TE-form of verbs + YOI KA WAKARIMASEN.\n\nInterrogative words such as NANI, DOKO, ITSU and so forth, plus TE-form of verbs, plus YOI KA WAKARIMASEN express the idea of \"don't know what (where, when) to do such-and-such (or I should do such-and-such). In place of WAKARIMASEN you may use SHIRIMASEN.\n\nExamples:\n\nKOMBAN NANI O TABETE YOI KA WAKARIMASEN. \"I don't know what to eat tonight.\"\n\nDOO SHITE YOI KA WAKARIMASEN. \"I don't know what to do.\"\n\nDOKO E ITTE YOI KA WAKARIMASEN. \"I don't know where to go.\"\n\nDARE NI KIITE YOI KA WAKARIMASEN. \"I don't know whom to ask.\"\n\nITSU MUKAE NI ITTE YOI NO KA SHIRIMASEN. \"I don't know when I should go to get him.\""},{"section":3,"text":"Notes on MASE (MASHI)\n\nMASE is an imperative form of MASU and is used only with imperative form of such honorific verbs as NASARU, KUDASARU, IRASSHARU, OSSHARU to indicate polite imperative. MASHI and MASE are interchangeably used.\n\nExamples:\n\nHAYAKU NASAI (MASE) / (MASHI) \"Please do it quickly.\"\n\nOHAIRI KUDASAI (MASE) / (MASHI) \"Please come in.\"\n\nKOMBAN IRASSHAI (MASE) / (MASHI) \"Please come tonight.\"\n\nNote: Forms ending in MASE or MASHI are more typical of women's speech."},{"section":4,"text":"Japanese etiquette on eating.\n\nWhen an intimate friend is invited to dinner, he will find, as a rule, that the menu consists of from three to five dishes, besides the regular boiled rice, soup, and pickled vegetables, and is usually made up as follows:\n\nSoup (Suimono, or clear soup; MISO-SHIRU, or MISO soup)\n\nNIMONO, or boiled foods (boiled vegetables, fish or meat)\n\nYAKIMONO or AGEMONO or both (broiled or deep-fried vegetables, fish or meat)\n\nSUNOMONO (vinegar vegetables, fish or shellfish)\n\nAEMONO (dressed vegetables, fish or shellfish)\n\nHITASHIMONO (boiled greens in soy sauce)\n\nMUSHIMONO (steamed foods)\n\nSASHIMI (sliced raw fish)\n\nKOONOMONO (pickles)\n\nThese dishes are served either on the table for all present or separately for each guest, set on a small square meal-tray.\n\nGenerally speaking, every dish served has its own place on the table. Illustration given in the Basic Dialogue shows one of the commonest examples of an ordinary meal.\n\nSteamed foods are served mostly in winter, so a dish of this type is generally brought out after the soup is eaten and put in the place marked (2), because it has to be eaten before it becomes cold. Not infrequently Western-style or Chinese-style dishes are served in place of the dishes marked (3), (4), and (6)."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"もしもし、","gloss":"hello"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"please come; please go (See Cult. notes)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"少々","gloss":"a little"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ただ","gloss":"merely"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"しごく","gloss":"extremely, very much"},{"word":"は。","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Dinner invitation and dining guidance · Dialogue 2 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"An invitation for Saturday","paragraphs":["Mrs. Murata invites Mrs. Miller to dinner on Saturday. *では、 五時半ごろ いらっしゃって くださいませんか* means \"Then, could you please come around five-thirty?\"","Mrs. Miller accepts and says that she will visit at that time."]},{"title":"Learning how to eat the meal","paragraphs":["Mrs. Miller says that she does not know how to eat Japanese food. Mrs. Murata offers to teach her.","*本を 読むだけでは ちょっと わかりにくう 御ざいますわね* means \"Understanding from a book alone is difficult, isn't it?\"","Here, *だけでは* presents reading a book alone as the condition. The result is difficulty understanding."]},{"title":"Kanji: 飯, 幸, 喜","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.007","source":"ミラーさん、 今週の 土曜日に 晩御飯を さしあげたいと 思っているのですが。","translation":"Mrs. Miller, I would like to give you dinner this Saturday.","reading":"ミラーさん、こんしゅうのどようびにばんごはんをさしあげたいとおもっているのですが。","words":[{"text":"ミラー","gloss":"Miller"},{"text":"さん、","gloss":"Mrs."},{"text":"今週","gloss":"this week","reading":"こんしゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"晩御飯","gloss":"dinner","reading":"ばんごはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"さしあげ","gloss":"give"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am thinking","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が。","gloss":"though"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.008","source":"それは どうも ありがとう 御ざいます。 幸い 先約も 御ざいませんし、 喜んで お受けいたします。","translation":"Thank you very much. Fortunately, I have no previous engagement, so I will be happy to accept.","reading":"それはどうもありがとうございます。さいわいせんやくもございませんし、よろこんでおうけいたします。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"も","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"ありがとう","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"御","gloss":"thank you","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"い","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"幸い","gloss":"fortunately","reading":"さいわい"},{"text":"先約","gloss":"previous engagement","reading":"せんやく"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"御","gloss":"have","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"have"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"so"},{"text":"喜ん","gloss":"gladly","reading":"よろこん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"gladly"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"受け","gloss":"accept","reading":"うけ"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"humbly do"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.009","source":"では、 五時半ごろ いらっしゃって くださいませんか。 お待ちして おります。","translation":"Then, could you please come around five-thirty? I will be expecting you.","reading":"では、ごじはんごろいらっしゃってくださいませんか。おまちしております。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five","reading":"ご"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o'clock","reading":"じ"},{"text":"半","gloss":"half","reading":"はん"},{"text":"ごろ","gloss":"around"},{"text":"いらっしゃっ","gloss":"come"},{"text":"て","gloss":"come"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"待ち","gloss":"wait","reading":"まち"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おり","gloss":"am"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.010","source":"では、 土曜の 晩 五時半ごろ おうかがい いたします。 さようなら。","translation":"Then I will visit you around five-thirty Saturday evening. Good-bye.","reading":"では、どようのばんごじはんごろおうかがいいたします。さようなら。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"晩","gloss":"evening","reading":"ばん"},{"text":"五","gloss":"five thirty","reading":"ご"},{"text":"時","gloss":"five thirty","reading":"じ"},{"text":"半","gloss":"five thirty","reading":"はん"},{"text":"ごろ","gloss":"around"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"うかがい","gloss":"will visit"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"will visit"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"will visit"},{"text":"さようなら。","gloss":"goodbye"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.011","source":"私、 日本料理の 食べ方を ちっとも 存じませんのですが。","translation":"vinegar food","reading":"わたくし、にほんりょうりのたべかたをちっともぞんじませんのですが。","words":[{"text":"私、","gloss":"I"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"how to eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"方","gloss":"how to eat","reading":"かた"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ちっとも","gloss":"not at all"},{"text":"存じ","gloss":"do not know","reading":"ぞんじ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が。","gloss":"though"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.012","source":"本を 読むだけでは ちょっと わかりにくう 御ざいますわね。 何でしたら、 お教えいたしましょうか。 お教えする がらでは ありませんが。","translation":"It is a little hard to understand just by reading a book, isn’t it? If you like, shall I teach you? I am hardly qualified to teach, though.","reading":"ほんをよむだけではちょっとわかりにくうございますわね。なんでしたら、おおしえいたしましょうか。おおしえするがらではありませんが。","words":[{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読む","gloss":"read","reading":"よむ"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ちょっと","gloss":"a little"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"hard to understand"},{"text":"にくう","gloss":"hard to understand"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is"},{"text":"わ","gloss":"gentle emphasis"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"何","gloss":"if you like","reading":"なん"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"if you like"},{"text":"たら、","gloss":"if you like"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"教え","gloss":"shall I teach","reading":"おしえ"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"shall I teach"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall I teach"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"教え","gloss":"teach","reading":"おしえ"},{"text":"する","gloss":"teach"},{"text":"がら","gloss":"qualified person"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"for"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"am not"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"am not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"am not"},{"text":"が。","gloss":"though"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"今週","gloss":"this week"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"晩御飯","gloss":"evening meal, dinner"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が。","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"幸い","gloss":"fortunately"},{"word":"先約","gloss":"previous engagement"},{"word":"し、","gloss":"city"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"ちっとも","gloss":"not even a little (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"},{"word":"だけ","gloss":"only, just (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ちょっと","gloss":"a little"},{"word":"わ","gloss":"counter for birds (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ましょう","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Japanese meal trays and dishes · Dialogue 3 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"A meal served on a tray","paragraphs":["Mrs. Murata begins her explanation of an ordinary meal. *日本の お料理は 大抵 おぜんに のせて 出します* means \"Japanese food is usually served on a tray.\"","The next lines name *御飯* as \"rice\" and *茶わん* as \"rice bowl.\" *すい物* is \"clear soup.\""]},{"title":"The dishes of a meal","paragraphs":["*日本の お料理は 大抵 おぜんに のせて 出します* introduces the tray used for an ordinary meal.","A dinner for an intimate friend has three to five dishes. Boiled rice, soup, and pickled vegetables come with them.","The dishes can include simmered, grilled, fried, steamed, vinegared, or dressed food, raw fish, and greens in soy sauce.","Each dish has its own place. Dishes may be shared on a table or served separately on a small square meal tray."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.013","source":"どうぞ、 お願い いたします。 村田さんですと、 えんりょなく 教えて いただけますわ。","translation":"pickled vegetables","reading":"どうぞ、おねがいいたします。むらたさんですと、えんりょなくおしえていただけますわ。","words":[{"text":"どうぞ、","gloss":"please"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"願い","gloss":"please","reading":"ねがい"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"please"},{"text":"村田","gloss":"Murata","reading":"むらた"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"えんりょ","gloss":"without reserve"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"without reserve"},{"text":"教え","gloss":"teach me","reading":"おしえ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"teach me"},{"text":"いただけ","gloss":"can have you"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can have you"},{"text":"わ。","gloss":"gentle emphasis"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.014","source":"そんなに むずかしいものでは 御ざいません。 ただ 二三 おぼえておくと よい 事が 御ざいます。","translation":"It is not so difficult. There are just two or three things that it is good to remember.","reading":"そんなにむずかしいものではございません。ただにさんおぼえておくとよいことがございます。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"so"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so"},{"text":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is not","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is not"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is not"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"is not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"is not"},{"text":"ただ","gloss":"just"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two or three","reading":"に"},{"text":"三","gloss":"two or three","reading":"さん"},{"text":"おぼえ","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"て","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"おく","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"事","gloss":"things","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"御","gloss":"there are","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"い","gloss":"there are"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"there are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.015","source":"左様で 御ざいますか。 どうぞ お願い いたします。","translation":"chopsticks","reading":"さようでございますか。どうぞおねがいいたします。","words":[{"text":"左様","gloss":"so","reading":"さよう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"どうぞ","gloss":"please"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"願い","gloss":"please","reading":"ねがい"},{"text":"いたし","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.016","source":"日本の お料理は 大抵 おぜんに のせて 出します。","translation":"Japanese food is usually served on a tray.","reading":"にほんのおりょうりはたいていおぜんにのせてだします。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"cuisine","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"tray"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"のせ","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"て","gloss":"serve"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"serve","reading":"だし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"serve"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.017","source":"御飯(茶わん)","translation":"rice (rice bowl)","reading":"ごはん(ちゃわん)","words":[{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"(茶わん)","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.018","source":"すい物","translation":"clear soup","reading":"すいもの","words":[{"text":"すい","gloss":"clear soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"clear soup","reading":"もの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"わ。","gloss":"counter for birds (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"むずかしい","gloss":"difficult"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"三","gloss":"three"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"御飯","gloss":"cooked rice"},{"word":"(茶わん)","gloss":"rice bowl"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Japanese dishes and chopsticks · Dialogue 4 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"The remaining places on the tray","paragraphs":["The tray setting includes several kinds of food and their utensils.","*に物* is \"simmered food.\" *やいた物、 フライした物 又は さしみ* is \"grilled food, fried food, or sashimi.\"","The setting also includes *すの物*, \"vinegared food,\" *こうの物*, \"pickled vegetables,\" and *はし*, \"chopsticks.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.019","source":"に物","translation":"simmered food","reading":"にもの","words":[{"text":"に","gloss":"simmered food"},{"text":"物","gloss":"simmered food","reading":"もの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.020","source":"やいた物、 フライした物 又は さしみ","translation":"grilled food, fried food, or sashimi","reading":"やいたもの、フライしたものまたはさしみ","words":[{"text":"やい","gloss":"grilled"},{"text":"た","gloss":"grilled"},{"text":"物、","gloss":"food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"フライ","gloss":"fried food"},{"text":"し","gloss":"fried food"},{"text":"た","gloss":"fried food"},{"text":"物","gloss":"fried food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"又","gloss":"or","reading":"また"},{"text":"は","gloss":"or"},{"text":"さしみ","gloss":"sashimi"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.021","source":"さしみのしょうゆ","translation":"soy sauce for the sashimi","reading":"さしみのしょうゆ","words":[{"text":"さしみ","gloss":"sashimi"},{"text":"の","gloss":"for"},{"text":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.022","source":"すの物","translation":"vinegared food","reading":"すのもの","words":[{"text":"す","gloss":"vinegared food"},{"text":"の","gloss":"vinegared food"},{"text":"物","gloss":"vinegared food","reading":"もの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.022.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.023","source":"こうの物","translation":"pickled vegetables","reading":"こうのもの","words":[{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.023.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.024","source":"はし","translation":"chopsticks","reading":"はし","words":[{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"さしみ","gloss":"thinly sliced raw fish dish"},{"word":"しょうゆ","gloss":"soy sauce"},{"word":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Beginning a Japanese meal · Dialogue 5 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"Uncertain where to begin","paragraphs":["Mrs. Miller sees the ordinary tray setting but does not know where to start.","*何から 食べ始めてよいか わかりませんので、 私、 いつも まごついてしまいますの* means she always becomes confused because she does not know what to eat first.","The words *何から 食べ始めてよいか わかりません* express that uncertainty."]},{"title":"Begin with the chopsticks","paragraphs":["Mrs. Murata answers with *先ず はしを 取り出して、 さきの方を はし置に のせて 置きます*.","First, the diner takes out the chopsticks. Their tips rest on the chopstick stand."]},{"title":"Kanji: 普","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.025","source":"はしおき","translation":"chopstick stand","reading":"はしおき","words":[{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopstick rest"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"chopstick rest"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.025.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.026","source":"これが 普通の ぜんだてです。","translation":"This is an ordinary table setting.","reading":"これがふつうのぜんだてです。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"普通","gloss":"ordinary","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ぜんだて","gloss":"table setting"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.026.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.027","source":"何から 食べ始めてよいか わかりませんので、 私、 いつも まごついてしまいますの。","translation":"Since I do not know what I should start eating first, I always become confused.","reading":"なにからたべはじめてよいかわかりませんので、わたくし、いつもまごついてしまいますの。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"start eating","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"始め","gloss":"start eating","reading":"はじめ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"start eating"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"私、","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"まごつい","gloss":"become confused"},{"text":"て","gloss":"become confused"},{"text":"しまい","gloss":"become confused"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"become confused"},{"text":"の。","gloss":"you see"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.027.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.028","source":"そうでしょうね。 私も 西洋料理を 食べる時に、 どの フォークから 使ってよいのか、 どの スプーンから 使ってよいのか わからなくて 困った事が たびたび 御ざいます。","translation":"I suppose so. When I eat Western food, I too have often been at a loss because I did not know which fork to use first or which spoon to use first.","reading":"そうでしょうね。わたくしもせいようりょうりをたべるときに、どのフォークからつかってよいのか、どのスプーンからつかってよいのかわからなくてこまったことがたびたびございます。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"I suppose"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"も","gloss":"too"},{"text":"西洋","gloss":"Western food","reading":"せいよう"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Western food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"at"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"フォーク","gloss":"fork"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"使っ","gloss":"use","reading":"つかっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"use"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the one"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"question"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"スプーン","gloss":"spoon"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"使っ","gloss":"use","reading":"つかっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"use"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the one"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"did not know"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"did not know"},{"text":"て","gloss":"did not know"},{"text":"困っ","gloss":"was at a loss","reading":"こまっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was at a loss"},{"text":"事","gloss":"occasion","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"たびたび","gloss":"often"},{"text":"御","gloss":"have had","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"have had"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have had"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have had"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.028.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.029","source":"先ず 何から 始めますか。","translation":"What do you begin with first?","reading":"まずなにからはじめますか。","words":[{"text":"先ず","gloss":"first","reading":"まず"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"始め","gloss":"begin","reading":"はじめ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"begin"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.029.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.030","source":"先ず はしを 取り出して、 さきの方を はし置に のせて 置きます。","translation":"First, take out the chopsticks and place their tips on the chopstick rest.","reading":"まずはしをとりだして、さきのほうをはしおきにのせておきます。","words":[{"text":"先ず","gloss":"first","reading":"まず"},{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取り出し","gloss":"take out","reading":"とりだし"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"take out"},{"text":"さき","gloss":"tips"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"part","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"は","gloss":"chopstick rest"},{"text":"し","gloss":"chopstick rest"},{"text":"置","gloss":"chopstick rest","reading":"おき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"のせ","gloss":"place"},{"text":"て","gloss":"place"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"place"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.030.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ぜんだて","gloss":"arrangement of meal or a meal tray."},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"西洋","gloss":"occident, the West"},{"word":"に、","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"どの","gloss":"which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)"},{"word":"フォーク","gloss":"fork"},{"word":"スプーン","gloss":"spoon"},{"word":"たびたび","gloss":"often, frequently"},{"word":"さき","gloss":"tip, point"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Eating rice and soup · Dialogue 6 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"The lids go outside the tray","paragraphs":["*茶わんの ふたは 左、 すい物わんの ふたは 右の方の ぜんの 外に 置きます* states both positions.","The rice-bowl lid goes left of the tray, and the soup-bowl lid goes right. Both go outside the tray."]},{"title":"Rice, soup, then rice","paragraphs":["*御飯を 一口 食べます* means \"eat one bite of rice.\" The diner then drinks soup and eats another bite of rice.","After this sequence, anything except the pickled vegetables may be eaten."]}],"lines":[{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.031","source":"それから。","translation":"And then?","reading":"それから。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"and then?"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"and then?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.031.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.032","source":"それから、 茶わんと すい物わんの ふたを 取って、 茶わんの ふたは 左、 すい物わんの ふたは 右の方の ぜんの 外に 置きます。","translation":"Then remove the lids from the rice bowl and the soup bowl, and place the rice-bowl lid to the left and the soup-bowl lid to the right, outside the tray.","reading":"それから、ちゃわんとすいものわんのふたをとって、ちゃわんのふたはひだり、すいものわんのふたはみぎのほうのぜんのそとにおきます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup bowl","reading":"もの"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lids"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取っ","gloss":"remove","reading":"とっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"remove"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"左、","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup bowl","reading":"もの"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"side","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"tray"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"outside","reading":"そと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"place"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.032.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.033","source":"そうですか。 私は いつも それを おぜんの上に 置こうと 思いましたが、 場所がないので 困りました。","translation":"Is that so? I always tried to put them on the tray, but I had trouble because there was no room.","reading":"そうですか。わたくしはいつもそれをおぜんのうえにおこうとおもいましたが、ばしょがないのでこまりました。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"always"},{"text":"も","gloss":"always"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"them"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"tray"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"上","gloss":"top","reading":"うえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"置こう","gloss":"intended to put","reading":"おこう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"thought","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"thought"},{"text":"た","gloss":"thought"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"場所","gloss":"room","reading":"ばしょ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で","gloss":"because"},{"text":"困り","gloss":"had trouble","reading":"こまり"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"had trouble"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"had trouble"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.033.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.034","source":"それから、 お茶わんを 取って、 御飯を 一口 食べます。 それから、 今度は すい物わんを 取って、 おすい物を 飲みます。 それから 又 一口 御飯を 食べます。","translation":"Then take the rice bowl and eat one bite of rice. Next, take the soup bowl and drink some soup. Then eat another bite of rice.","reading":"それから、おちゃわんをとって、ごはんをひとくちたべます。それから、こんどはすいものわんをとって、おすいものをのみます。それからまたひとくちごはんをたべます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取っ","gloss":"take","reading":"とっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"take"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"一口","gloss":"one bite","reading":"ひとくち"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"今度","gloss":"next","reading":"こんど"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup bowl","reading":"もの"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取っ","gloss":"take","reading":"とっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"take"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から","gloss":"then"},{"text":"又","gloss":"another","reading":"また"},{"text":"一口","gloss":"one bite","reading":"ひとくち"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"eat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.034.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.035","source":"御飯を 食べて、 おすい物を 飲んで 又 御飯ですね。","translation":"You eat some rice, drink some soup, and then have rice again, right?","reading":"ごはんをたべて、おすいものをのんでまたごはんですね。","words":[{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲ん","gloss":"drink","reading":"のん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"drink"},{"text":"又","gloss":"again","reading":"また"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.035.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.036","source":"そうです。 その後は おこうの物の 外は 何を 食べても よろしゅう 御ざいます。","translation":"That is right. After that, you may eat anything except the pickled vegetables.","reading":"そうです。そのあとはおこうのもののほかはなにをたべてもよろしゅうございます。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after","reading":"あと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"except","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"よろしゅう","gloss":"allowed"},{"text":"御","gloss":"is","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.036.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から。","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl"},{"word":"わん","gloss":"bowl"},{"word":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"word":"場所","gloss":"place, room"},{"word":"一口","gloss":"a mouthful"},{"word":"今度","gloss":"this time, next time"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Ending meals with pickles · Dialogue 7 of 7","teaching":[{"title":"Pickles at the end","paragraphs":["Mrs. Miller asks whether she should avoid the pickled vegetables. Mrs. Murata explains when they are eaten.","*こうの物は 御飯を 食べ終って お茶が 出た時に あがります* means \"You eat the pickled vegetables after you finish the rice, when the tea is served.\"","*それで 食事は 終るのです* means \"That brings the meal to an end.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.037","source":"こうの物は 食べてはいけないのですか。","translation":"Shouldn’t I eat the pickled vegetables?","reading":"こうのものはたべてはいけないのですか。","words":[{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いけ","gloss":"must not"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"must not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.037.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L068.dlg.038","source":"こうの物は 御飯を 食べ終って お茶が 出た時に あがります。 それで 食事は 終るのです。","translation":"You eat the pickled vegetables after you finish the rice, when the tea is served. That brings the meal to an end.","reading":"こうのものはごはんをたべおわっておちゃがでたときにあがります。それでしょくじはおわるのです。","words":[{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"finish eating","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"終っ","gloss":"finish eating","reading":"おわっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"finish eating"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出","gloss":"is served","reading":"で"},{"text":"た","gloss":"is served"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あがり","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"thus"},{"text":"で","gloss":"thus"},{"text":"食事","gloss":"meal","reading":"しょくじ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"終る","gloss":"ends","reading":"おわる"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.dlg.038.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying conditions make things impossible · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"A condition that prevents understanding","paragraphs":["*そんなに 早く 話しては わかりません* means \"I cannot understand if you speak so fast.\"","Here, *は* follows the verb's TE-form *話して*. Together, *話しては* presents speaking fast as the condition."]},{"title":"Conditions with nouns and adjectives","paragraphs":["*私 一人では とても すませる 事は 出来ません* means \"I could never finish it all by myself.\"","*では* follows a noun, pronoun, or some particles and means \"if it is.\" The result is usually negative or has a negative meaning.","After a verb or I-adjective TE-form, *は* also marks a condition. *こんなに あつくては 食べられません* means \"I cannot eat it when it is this hot.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.01","source":"本を 読んだだけでは わかりにくいです。","translation":"It is hard to understand just by reading the book.","reading":"ほんをよんだだけではわかりにくいです。","words":[{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"read","reading":"よん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"read"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"hard to understand"},{"text":"にくい","gloss":"hard to understand"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.02","source":"そんなに 早く 話しては わかりません。","translation":"I cannot understand if you speak so fast.","reading":"そんなにはやくはなしてはわかりません。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"so"},{"text":"に","gloss":"so"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"話し","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"speak"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"cannot understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot understand"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot understand"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.03","source":"こんなに あつくては 食べられません。","translation":"I cannot eat it when it is this hot.","reading":"こんなにあつくてはたべられません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this"},{"text":"に","gloss":"this"},{"text":"あつく","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"て","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"は","gloss":"when"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"cannot eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"cannot eat"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot eat"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"cannot eat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.04","source":"一人でこの 仕事を すませる 事が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you finish this work by yourself?","reading":"ひとりでこのしごとをすませることができますか。","words":[{"text":"一人","gloss":"alone","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"すま","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"せる","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"can"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.05","source":"私 一人では とても すませる 事は 出来ませんから 田村さんに 手つだってもらっているのです。","translation":"I could never finish it all by myself, so I am having Mr. Tamura help me.","reading":"わたくしひとりではとてもすませることはできませんからたむらさんにてつだってもらっているのです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"alone","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"never"},{"text":"すま","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"せる","gloss":"finish"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"cannot","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"cannot"},{"text":"から","gloss":"so"},{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"from"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help me","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help me"},{"text":"もらっ","gloss":"am having him"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am having him"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am having him"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.06","source":"こんなに さむくては およぎに 行けませんね。","translation":"We cannot go swimming when it is this cold, can we?","reading":"こんなにさむくてはおよぎにいけませんね。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this"},{"text":"に","gloss":"this"},{"text":"さむく","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"て","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"は","gloss":"when"},{"text":"およぎ","gloss":"swim"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"cannot go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot go"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"cannot go"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.07","source":"そうですね。 今度 もっと あったかい 時に 行きましょう。","translation":"That is right. Let’s go another time when it is warmer.","reading":"そうですね。こんどもっとあったかいときにいきましょう。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right"},{"text":"今度","gloss":"another time","reading":"こんど"},{"text":"もっと","gloss":"more"},{"text":"あったかい","gloss":"warm"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"let us go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ましょう。","gloss":"let us go"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.08","source":"田中さん、 そんなに 早く 走っては、 私は ついて 行けませんよ。","translation":"Mr. Tanaka, if you run that fast, I cannot keep up with you.","reading":"たなかさん、そんなにはやくはしっては、わたくしはついていけませんよ。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん、","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"that"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"走っ","gloss":"run","reading":"はしっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"run"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"つい","gloss":"cannot keep up"},{"text":"て","gloss":"cannot keep up"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"cannot keep up","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"cannot keep up"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"cannot keep up"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.09","source":"でも 早く 走らないと、 おそく なりますよ。","translation":"But if we do not run fast, we will be late.","reading":"でもはやくはしらないと、おそくなりますよ。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"but"},{"text":"も","gloss":"but"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"fast","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"走ら","gloss":"do not run","reading":"はしら"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"do not run"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"おそく","gloss":"late"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"become"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.10","source":"これは 子供でも 出来るでしょうか。","translation":"Could even a child do this?","reading":"これはこどもでもできるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.11","source":"子供では 出来ないでしょう。","translation":"A child probably could not do it.","reading":"こどもではできないでしょう。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"for"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"cannot do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"cannot do"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.11.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.12","source":"君、 そんなに 遊んでは、 勉強する ひまが ないだろう。","translation":"If you play that much, you will not have time to study.","reading":"きみ、そんなにあそんでは、べんきょうするひまがないだろう。","words":[{"text":"君、","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"much"},{"text":"遊ん","gloss":"play","reading":"あそん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"play"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"study"},{"text":"ひま","gloss":"time"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"だろう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.12.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp1.13","source":"いいえ、 勉強は 朝早く おきて するのですから、 じゅうぶん 時間は あります。","translation":"No, I get up early in the morning to study, so I have plenty of time.","reading":"いいえ、べんきょうはあさはやくおきてするのですから、じゅうぶんじかんはあります。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"朝","gloss":"morning","reading":"あさ"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"early","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"get up"},{"text":"て","gloss":"get up"},{"text":"する","gloss":"study"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the reason"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"じゅうぶん","gloss":"plenty"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"time","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp1.13.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"とても","gloss":"very, indeed"},{"word":"もっと","gloss":"more (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"あったかい","gloss":"warm"},{"word":"ましょう。","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"おそく","gloss":"late (adverbial form of OSOI, be late, be slow)"},{"word":"出来る","gloss":"to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)"},{"word":"君、","gloss":"suffix to a name, Mr. (See cult. notes)"},{"word":"ひま","gloss":"leisure time, free"},{"word":"朝","gloss":"morning"},{"word":"時間","gloss":"hour, time"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Not knowing what to choose · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"Not knowing where to begin","paragraphs":["*何から 食べ始めて よいか わかりません* means \"I do not know what I should start eating first.\"","The choice begins with *何から*, \"from what.\" The verb takes its TE-form before *よいか わかりません*."]},{"title":"Uncertainty about an action","paragraphs":["*どうしてよいか わからないので、 困っているんです* means \"I am at a loss because I do not know what I should do.\"","A question word, a verb's TE-form, and *よいか わかりません* express uncertainty about what action one should take.","*知りません* may replace *わかりません*, as in *何時に 行ってよいのか 私も 知りません*."]}],"lines":[{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.01","source":"何から 食べ始めて よいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know what I should start eating first.","reading":"なにからたべはじめてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"start eating","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"始め","gloss":"start eating","reading":"はじめ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"start eating"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.02","source":"今晩 何時ごろ 行かなければならないのですか。","translation":"Around what time do I have to go tonight?","reading":"こんばんなんじごろいかなければならないのですか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何時ごろ","gloss":"around what time","reading":"なんじごろ"},{"text":"行か","gloss":"have to go","reading":"いか"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"have to go"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"have to go"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"have to go"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"have to go"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.03","source":"何時に 行ってよいのか 私も 知りません。","translation":"I do not know what time I may go either.","reading":"なんじにいってよいのかわたくしもしりません。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"may go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"may go"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"may"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the one"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"も","gloss":"too"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"do not know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"do not know"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.04","source":"何を 食べますか。","translation":"What will you eat?","reading":"なにをたべますか。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.05","source":"さあ、 何を ちゅうもんして よいか わからないから、 あなたに まかせておきます。","translation":"Well, I do not know what I should order, so I will leave it up to you.","reading":"さあ、なにをちゅうもんしてよいかわからないから、あなたにまかせておきます。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ちゅう","gloss":"order"},{"text":"もん","gloss":"order"},{"text":"し","gloss":"order"},{"text":"て","gloss":"order"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"so"},{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"まかせ","gloss":"leave it to you"},{"text":"て","gloss":"leave it to you"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"leave it to you"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"leave it to you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.06","source":"私は どの 医者に かかってよいのか わからないのですが、 どの 医者が いいか 教えてくれませんか。","translation":"I do not know which doctor I should see, so would you tell me which doctor is good?","reading":"わたくしはどのいしゃにかかってよいのかわからないのですが、どのいしゃがいいかおしえてくれませんか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かかっ","gloss":"see"},{"text":"て","gloss":"see"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the one"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"do not know"},{"text":"の","gloss":"you see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"though"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"教え","gloss":"could you tell me","reading":"おしえ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"could you tell me"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"could you tell me"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"could you tell me"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"could you tell me"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.07","source":"山田先生は いい お医者さんですよ。","translation":"Dr. Yamada is a good doctor.","reading":"やまだせんせいはいいおいしゃさんですよ。","words":[{"text":"山田","gloss":"Yamada","reading":"やまだ"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"doctor","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorific"},{"text":"医者","gloss":"doctor","reading":"いしゃ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"title"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.08","source":"日本へ 行く 前に 家を 売るつもりですか。","translation":"Do you intend to sell your house before going to Japan?","reading":"にほんへいくまえにいえをうるつもりですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"前","gloss":"before","reading":"まえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"売る","gloss":"sell","reading":"うる"},{"text":"つもり","gloss":"intend"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.09","source":"どうしてよいか わからないので、 困っているんです。","translation":"I am at a loss because I do not know what I should do.","reading":"どうしてよいかわからないので、こまっているんです。","words":[{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"困っ","gloss":"at a loss","reading":"こまっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"at a loss"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"at a loss"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.09.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.10","source":"今月末に 移転されるそうですが、 もう 運送店に 頼んだのですか。","translation":"I hear you are moving at the end of this month. Have you already arranged with a moving company?","reading":"こんげつまつにいてんされるそうですが、もううんそうてんにたのんだのですか。","words":[{"text":"今月","gloss":"this month","reading":"こんげつ"},{"text":"末","gloss":"end","reading":"まつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"移転","gloss":"are moving","reading":"いてん"},{"text":"さ","gloss":"are moving"},{"text":"れる","gloss":"are moving"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"運送","gloss":"moving company","reading":"うんそう"},{"text":"店","gloss":"moving company","reading":"てん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"arranged","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.10.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L068.gp2.11","source":"いいえ、 まだ 頼んでいないのです。 どの 運送店に 頼んでよいか わからないので。","translation":"No, I have not arranged with one yet, because I do not know which moving company I should ask.","reading":"いいえ、まだたのんでいないのです。どのうんそうてんにたのんでよいかわからないので。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"have not arranged","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"have not arranged"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have not arranged"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"have not arranged"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"運送","gloss":"moving company","reading":"うんそう"},{"text":"店","gloss":"moving company","reading":"てん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"ask","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.gp2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"さあ、","gloss":"well, now, here, come"},{"word":"医者","gloss":"medical doctor"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"今月","gloss":"this month"},{"word":"れる","gloss":"to be able to --\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"店","gloss":"store, shop"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Conditions preventing an action · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Conditions that stop an action","paragraphs":["*子供では こんな 事は 出来ません* means \"A child cannot do a thing like this.\" The *では* condition has a negative result.","The same condition follows a verb's TE-form in *そんなに なまけては そつぎょう 出来ないよ*. Being that lazy prevents graduation."]},{"title":"An adjective condition","paragraphs":["*こんなに 古くては もう 売れませんよ* means \"If it is this old, it will not sell anymore.\"","The I-adjective *古くて* takes *は*. The following clause gives the negative result."]}],"lines":[{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.01","source":"子供では こんな 事は 出来ません。","translation":"A child cannot do a thing like this.","reading":"こどもではこんなことはできません。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this kind of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.02","source":"こんなに 雨が 降っては 行けません。","translation":"We cannot go when it is raining this hard.","reading":"こんなにあめがふってはいけません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降っ","gloss":"raining","reading":"ふっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"raining"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.03","source":"こんなに 古くては もう 売れませんよ。","translation":"If it is this old, it will not sell anymore.","reading":"こんなにふるくてはもううれませんよ。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"古く","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"anymore"},{"text":"売れ","gloss":"sell","reading":"うれ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.04","source":"こんな 古い 自動車では ニューヨークへは 行けません。","translation":"You cannot go to New York in an old car like this.","reading":"こんなふるいじどうしゃではニューヨークへはいけません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this kind of"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ニューヨーク","gloss":"New York"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.05","source":"男だけでは おもしろくない。","translation":"It is no fun with only men.","reading":"おとこだけではおもしろくない。","words":[{"text":"男","gloss":"men","reading":"おとこ"},{"text":"だけ","gloss":"only"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おもしろく","gloss":"fun"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.06","source":"パーカーさんの 様な 生徒では この 文章は やくせませんよ。","translation":"A student like Mr. Parker cannot translate this passage.","reading":"パーカーさんのようなせいとではこのぶんしょうはやくせませんよ。","words":[{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"様","gloss":"like","reading":"よう"},{"text":"な","gloss":"kind of"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"文章","gloss":"passage","reading":"ぶんしょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やくせ","gloss":"translate"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.07","source":"こんな 悪い 天気では 行かない 方が いいでしょう。","translation":"In bad weather like this, it would be better not to go.","reading":"こんなわるいてんきではいかないほうがいいでしょう。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this kind of"},{"text":"悪い","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるい"},{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"行か","gloss":"go","reading":"いか"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"方","gloss":"choice","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"better"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.08","source":"君は そんなに なまけては そつぎょう 出来ないよ。","translation":"If you are that lazy, you will not be able to graduate.","reading":"きみはそんなになまけてはそつぎょうできないよ。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なまけ","gloss":"be lazy"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being lazy"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.08.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.09","source":"そんなに 早く わすれては だめですね。","translation":"You should not forget so quickly.","reading":"そんなにはやくわすれてはだめですね。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"quickly","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"わすれ","gloss":"forget"},{"text":"て","gloss":"forgetting"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"no good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.10","source":"あなたの 様に 勉強しては 病気に なりますよ。","translation":"If you study the way you do, you will get sick.","reading":"あなたのようにべんきょうしてはびょうきになりますよ。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"studying"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"ニューヨーク","gloss":"New York"},{"word":"男","gloss":"male"},{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"文章","gloss":"sentence"},{"word":"天気","gloss":"weather"},{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"君","gloss":"suffix to a name, Mr. (See cult. notes)"},{"word":"だめ","gloss":"no good, useless,\nhopeless"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Explaining why something will not work · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A condition explains failure","paragraphs":["*そんなに むずかしく 書いては 読めませんね* means \"If you write it that difficultly, no one can read it.\"","The verb condition *書いては* explains why reading fails."]},{"title":"A noun can give the reason","paragraphs":["*手紙では もう おそいでしょうから、 電報を 打ちなさい* means \"A letter would probably be too late, so send a telegram.\"","Here, *では* follows *手紙*. A letter is the unsuitable choice."]}],"lines":[{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.11","source":"田村さんの 様に 酒を 沢山 飲んでは 体に 悪いですね。","translation":"Drinking as much sake as Mr. Tamura does is bad for your health.","reading":"たむらさんのようにさけをたくさんのんではからだにわるいですね。","words":[{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"酒","gloss":"sake","reading":"さけ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"飲ん","gloss":"drink","reading":"のん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"drinking"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"体","gloss":"health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"悪い","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.12","source":"こんなに やかましくては 勉強 出来ません。","translation":"I cannot study with this much noise.","reading":"こんなにやかましくてはべんきょうできません。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"やかましく","gloss":"noisy"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.13","source":"こんなに むしあつくては 何も したくないですね。","translation":"When it is this hot and humid, I do not feel like doing anything.","reading":"こんなにむしあつくてはなにもしたくないですね。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"むしあつく","gloss":"hot and humid"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"when"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"たく","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.14","source":"この 手紙が スミスさんに 読めるでしょうか。","translation":"Do you think Mr. Smith can read this letter?","reading":"このてがみがスミスさんによめるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"読める","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.15","source":"そんなに むずかしく 書いては 読めませんね。","translation":"If you write it that difficultly, no one can read it.","reading":"そんなにむずかしくかいてはよめませんね。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"むずかしく","gloss":"difficultly"},{"text":"書い","gloss":"write","reading":"かい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"writing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.16","source":"うちの 子供に この 仕事を 手つだってもらおうと 思っているのですが、 出来るでしょうか。","translation":"I am thinking of having my child help with this work, but do you think the child can do it?","reading":"うちのこどもにこのしごとをてつだってもらおうとおもっているのですが、できるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"うち","gloss":"my"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help"},{"text":"もらおう","gloss":"have them"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am thinking","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.16.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.17","source":"子供では 出来ませんね。 私が 手つだって あげますよ。","translation":"A child cannot do it. I will help you.","reading":"こどもではできませんね。わたくしがてつだってあげますよ。","words":[{"text":"子供","gloss":"child","reading":"こども"},{"text":"で","gloss":"as"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can do","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"手つだっ","gloss":"help","reading":"てつだっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"help"},{"text":"あげ","gloss":"for you"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.17.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.18","source":"今週の 土曜日に 遊びに 行くと 言って 山田さんに 手紙を 出しましょうか。","translation":"Shall we send Mr. Yamada a letter saying that we will visit him this Saturday?","reading":"こんしゅうのどようびにあそびにいくといってやまださんにてがみをだしましょうか。","words":[{"text":"今週","gloss":"this week","reading":"こんしゅう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"土曜","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"どよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Saturday","reading":"び"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"遊び","gloss":"visit","reading":"あそび"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"say","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"saying"},{"text":"山田","gloss":"Yamada","reading":"やまだ"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"send","reading":"だし"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall we"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.18.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.19","source":"手紙では もう おそいでしょうから、 電報を 打ちなさい。","translation":"A letter would probably be too late, so send a telegram.","reading":"てがみではもうおそいでしょうから、でんぽうをうちなさい。","words":[{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"おそい","gloss":"late"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"電報","gloss":"telegram","reading":"でんぽう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"打ち","gloss":"send","reading":"うち"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.20","source":"あなたの 様に ふとっては 体に 悪いですよ。","translation":"Being as fat as you are is bad for your health.","reading":"あなたのようにふとってはからだにわるいですよ。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"ふとっ","gloss":"be fat"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being fat"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"体","gloss":"health","reading":"からだ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"悪い","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.20.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"酒","gloss":"Sake, rice wine"},{"word":"体","gloss":"body, health"},{"word":"手紙","gloss":"letter (correspondence)"},{"word":"うち","gloss":"home, house"},{"word":"おそい","gloss":"be late"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"電報","gloss":"telegram"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Acting despite difficult conditions · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A high rent prevents renting","paragraphs":["*こんなに 高くては 借りる 人は ないでしょう* means \"If it is this high, probably no one will rent it.\"","The adjective condition in *高くては* leads to a negative result."]},{"title":"Acting despite the condition","paragraphs":["*遠くても 歩いて 行きますか* means \"Will you walk there even if it is far?\"","*ても* presents a condition that does not prevent the action. This contrasts with the negative result after *ては*."]}],"lines":[{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.21","source":"ええ、 ですから、 これから あまり 食べない 様に しようと 思っているのです。","translation":"Yes, so I am thinking of trying not to eat very much from now on.","reading":"ええ、ですから、これからあまりたべないようにしようとおもっているのです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"so"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"様","gloss":"way","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"しよう","gloss":"will try"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am thinking","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.22","source":"この 家の 家ちんは 少し 高すぎますね。","translation":"The rent for this house is a little too high.","reading":"このいえのやちんはすこしたかすぎますね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"家","gloss":"rent","reading":"や"},{"text":"ちん","gloss":"rent"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"少し","gloss":"a little","reading":"すこし"},{"text":"高","gloss":"high","reading":"たか"},{"text":"すぎ","gloss":"too much"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.23","source":"ええ、 こんなに 高くては 借りる 人は ないでしょう。","translation":"Yes, if it is this high, probably no one will rent it.","reading":"ええ、こんなにたかくてはかりるひとはないでしょう。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"high","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"は","gloss":"if"},{"text":"借りる","gloss":"rent","reading":"かりる"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.24","source":"こんなに 天気が 悪くても 行きますか。","translation":"Will you go even though the weather is this bad?","reading":"こんなにてんきがわるくてもいきますか。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"悪く","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.24.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.25","source":"田中さんは あんなに よく 働いても 病気に なりませんか。","translation":"Does Mr. Tanaka not get sick even though he works that hard?","reading":"たなかさんはあんなによくはたらいてもびょうきになりませんか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あんな","gloss":"that much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"hard"},{"text":"働い","gloss":"work","reading":"はたらい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"working"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.25.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.26","source":"遠くても 歩いて 行きますか。","translation":"Will you walk there even if it is far?","reading":"とおくてもあるいていきますか。","words":[{"text":"遠く","gloss":"far","reading":"とおく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"歩い","gloss":"walk","reading":"あるい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"walking"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.26.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.27","source":"水が こんなに つめたくても およぐ 事が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you swim even though the water is this cold?","reading":"みずがこんなにつめたくてもおよぐことができますか。","words":[{"text":"水","gloss":"water","reading":"みず"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this much"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"つめたく","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"て","gloss":"being"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"およぐ","gloss":"swim"},{"text":"事","gloss":"act","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.27.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt1.28","source":"こんな 仕事は 女でも 出来るでしょうか。","translation":"Could even a woman do work like this?","reading":"こんなしごとはおんなでもできるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"こんな","gloss":"this kind of"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"出来る","gloss":"can do","reading":"できる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt1.28.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"少し","gloss":"little (quantity)"},{"word":"すぎ","gloss":"past, after"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"遠く","gloss":"distant (place)"},{"word":"水","gloss":"water"},{"word":"およぐ","gloss":"to swim"},{"word":"女","gloss":"female"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking what one should do · Pattern 2 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The question word supplies the choice","paragraphs":["*今晩 何を 勉強してよいか わかりません* means \"I do not know what I should study tonight.\"","The *てよいか わかりません* pattern follows the choice introduced by *何を*."]},{"title":"Different kinds of choices","paragraphs":["*どこで 食べてよいか 知りません* gives uncertainty about where to eat. *だれに 聞いてよいか わかりません* gives uncertainty about whom to ask.","*ビールを 何本ぐらい 買ってよいか わかりません* states uncertainty about how many bottles should be bought."]}],"lines":[{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.m1","source":"今晩 何を 勉強してよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know what I should study tonight.","reading":"こんばんなにをべんきょうしてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.01","source":"今晩 何を 勉強してよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know what I should study tonight.","reading":"こんばんなにをべんきょうしてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.02","source":"どこで 食べてよいか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know where I should eat.","reading":"どこでたべてよいかしりません。","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"eating"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.03","source":"だれに 聞いてよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know whom I should ask.","reading":"だれにきいてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"whom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"聞い","gloss":"ask","reading":"きい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"asking"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.04","source":"田村さんに 何を 送ってよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know what I should send Mr. Tamura.","reading":"たむらさんになにをおくってよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"送っ","gloss":"send","reading":"おくっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sending"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.05","source":"今晩 何を 料理してよいか わからないので、 困っています。","translation":"I am at a loss because I do not know what I should cook tonight.","reading":"こんばんなにをりょうりしてよいかわからないので、こまっています。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"cook","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"困っ","gloss":"am at a loss","reading":"こまっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am at a loss"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am at a loss"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"am at a loss"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.06","source":"だれに この 仕事を 頼んでよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know whom I should ask to do this work.","reading":"だれにこのしごとをたのんでよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"whom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"ask","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"asking"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.07","source":"ビールを 何本ぐらい 買ってよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know about how many bottles of beer I should buy.","reading":"ビールをなんぼんぐらいかってよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many","reading":"なん"},{"text":"本","gloss":"bottles","reading":"ぼん"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"買っ","gloss":"buy","reading":"かっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"buying"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Choosing what to do · Pattern 2 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Time and manner as choices","paragraphs":["*今晩 何時に 行ってよいか まだ わかりません* means \"I still do not know what time I should go tonight.\"","*どんな 風に 答えてよいか わかりません* means \"I do not know how I should answer.\""]},{"title":"Choosing between alternatives","paragraphs":["*どっちに してよいか わかりません* means \"I do not know which one I should choose.\"","The question expression *どっちに* refers to a choice between alternatives. The same pattern states that the choice is uncertain."]}],"lines":[{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.08","source":"今晩 何時に 行ってよいか まだ わかりません。","translation":"I still do not know what time I should go tonight.","reading":"こんばんなんじにいってよいかまだわかりません。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"going"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.09","source":"どんな 風に 答えてよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know how I should answer.","reading":"どんなふうにこたえてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"風","gloss":"way","reading":"ふう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"答え","gloss":"answer","reading":"こたえ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"answering"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.10","source":"この 問題は どうしてよいか 知りません。","translation":"I do not know what I should do about this problem.","reading":"このもんだいはどうしてよいかしりません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"問題","gloss":"problem","reading":"もんだい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"doing"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.11","source":"どっちに してよいか わかりません。","translation":"I do not know which one I should choose.","reading":"どっちにしてよいかわかりません。","words":[{"text":"どっち","gloss":"which one"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"し","gloss":"choose"},{"text":"て","gloss":"choosing"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.12","source":"あなたは 日本へ 船で 行くのですか。 飛行機で 行くのですか。","translation":"Are you going to Japan by ship, or are you going by plane?","reading":"あなたはにほんへふねでいくのですか。ひこうきでいくのですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"船","gloss":"ship","reading":"ふね"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"飛行","gloss":"airplane","reading":"ひこう"},{"text":"機","gloss":"airplane","reading":"き"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.13","source":"どっちに してよいか 今 かんがえている ところです。","translation":"I am thinking now about which one I should choose.","reading":"どっちにしてよいかいまかんがえているところです。","words":[{"text":"どっち","gloss":"which one"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"し","gloss":"choose"},{"text":"て","gloss":"choosing"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"かんがえ","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"just now"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.13.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.14","source":"この 仕事を だれに 頼んでよいか わからないんだが、 君、 だれか いい 人を 知ってるか。","translation":"I do not know whom I should ask to do this work; do you know anyone good?","reading":"このしごとをだれにたのんでよいかわからないんだが、きみ、だれかいいひとをしってるか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"仕事","gloss":"work","reading":"しごと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"whom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"ask","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"asking"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"君、","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"か","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"知っ","gloss":"know","reading":"しっ"},{"text":"てる","gloss":"know"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.15","source":"そうだね。 田中君に 頼んで 見るんだね。","translation":"Let me see. You should try asking Tanaka.","reading":"そうだね。たなかくんにたのんでみるんだね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"くん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"ask","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"asking"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"try","reading":"みる"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.15.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"どっち","gloss":"which of two (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"かんがえ","gloss":"idea, thinking"},{"word":"ところ","gloss":"place (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"てる","gloss":"to shine (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Deciding what to order · Pattern 2 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Uncertainty leads to advice","paragraphs":["*日本の 友だちに 何を 送ってよいか わからないんですが* states uncertainty about a gift for a friend in Japan.","The speaker then asks for a good idea. The answer recommends American cigarettes."]},{"title":"Choosing what to order","paragraphs":["*何を ちゅうもんしてよいか わからないんですが* means \"I do not know what I should order.\"","The speaker asks what is good. The answer recommends *天ぷら*, \"tempura.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.16","source":"君は 今晩 何時に パーカーさんの 家へ 行くんだ。","translation":"What time are you going to Mr. Parker’s house tonight?","reading":"きみはこんばんなんじにパーカーさんのいえへいくんだ。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.17","source":"何時に 行ってよいか わからないから、 君に 聞こうと 思っていたんだよ。","translation":"I was going to ask you because I do not know what time I should go.","reading":"なんじにいってよいかわからないから、きみにきこうとおもっていたんだよ。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"going"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"聞こう","gloss":"shall ask","reading":"きこう"},{"text":"と","gloss":"was going to ask"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"was thinking","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"was thinking"},{"text":"い","gloss":"was thinking"},{"text":"た","gloss":"was thinking"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.17.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.18","source":"日本の 友だちに 何を 送ってよいか わからないんですが、 何か いい かんがえが ありますか。","translation":"I do not know what I should send my friend in Japan; do you have any good ideas?","reading":"にほんのともだちになにをおくってよいかわからないんですが、なにかいいかんがえがありますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"送っ","gloss":"send","reading":"おくっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"sending"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"should"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"何","gloss":"something","reading":"なに"},{"text":"か","gloss":"something"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"かんがえ","gloss":"idea"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.19","source":"アメリカの たばこを 送ってあげなさいよ。 日本では アメリカの たばこは 高いそうですから。","translation":"Send your friend some American cigarettes. I hear American cigarettes are expensive in Japan.","reading":"アメリカのたばこをおくってあげなさいよ。にほんではアメリカのたばこはたかいそうですから。","words":[{"text":"アメリカ","gloss":"America"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"たばこ","gloss":"cigarettes"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"送っ","gloss":"send","reading":"おくっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"あげ","gloss":"give"},{"text":"なさい","gloss":"please do"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"アメリカ","gloss":"America"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"たばこ","gloss":"cigarettes"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から。","gloss":"because"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.20","source":"何を ちゅうもんしますか。","translation":"What will you order?","reading":"なにをちゅうもんしますか。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ちゅう","gloss":"order"},{"text":"もん","gloss":"order"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.20.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.21","source":"何を ちゅうもんしてよいか わからないんですが、 何が おいしいでしょうか。","translation":"I do not know what I should order; what is good?","reading":"なにをちゅうもんしてよいかわからないんですが、なにがおいしいでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ちゅう","gloss":"order"},{"text":"もん","gloss":"order"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"okay"},{"text":"か","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"know"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.21.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.22","source":"天ぷらを 食べて 御らんなさい。 ここの 天ぷらは おいしいですよ。","translation":"Try the tempura. The tempura here is good.","reading":"てんぷらをたべてごらんなさい。ここのてんぷらはおいしいですよ。","words":[{"text":"天ぷら","gloss":"tempura","reading":"てんぷら"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"御","gloss":"try","reading":"ご"},{"text":"らん","gloss":"try"},{"text":"なさい。","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"天ぷら","gloss":"tempura","reading":"てんぷら"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.22.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.23","source":"どこで 食べる","translation":"Where to eat","reading":"どこでたべる","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.23.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"だ。","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"アメリカ","gloss":"America; U.S.A."},{"word":"たばこ","gloss":"tobacco, cigarette"},{"word":"おいしい","gloss":"tasty, delicious"},{"word":"ここ","gloss":"here"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"What one should do · Pattern 2 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The choice comes first","paragraphs":["*だれに 聞く* is \"whom to ask.\" *どこで 買う* is \"where to buy it.\" *何を 送る* is \"what to send.\"","These prompts supply the choice in the *てよいかわからない* pattern.","Other choices include *何時に 行く*, \"what time to go,\" and *どっちに する*, \"which one to choose.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.24","source":"だれに 聞く","translation":"Whom to ask","reading":"だれにきく","words":[{"text":"だれ","gloss":"whom"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"聞く","gloss":"ask","reading":"きく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.24.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.25","source":"どこで 買う","translation":"Where to buy it","reading":"どこでかう","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.25.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.26","source":"何を 送る","translation":"What to send","reading":"なにをおくる","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"送る","gloss":"send","reading":"おくる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.26.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.27","source":"何を 料理する","translation":"What to cook","reading":"なにをりょうりする","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"cook","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.27.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.28","source":"何時に 行く","translation":"What time to go","reading":"なんじにいく","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.28.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.29","source":"どっちに する","translation":"Which one to choose","reading":"どっちにする","words":[{"text":"どっち","gloss":"which one"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"する","gloss":"choose"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.29.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L068.pt2.30","source":"どんな 風に 答える","translation":"How to answer","reading":"どんなふうにこたえる","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"風","gloss":"way","reading":"ふう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"答える","gloss":"answer","reading":"こたえる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.pt2.30.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"},{"word":"送る","gloss":"to send (v.t.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Arranging a meal tray · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The fixed tray arrangement","paragraphs":["The passage describes an ordinary meal tray, with rice lower left and soup lower right. Simmered and grilled dishes occupy the upper corners.","*おはしは おぜんの 手前に よこに 置きます* places the chopsticks horizontally at the front.","This is the tray arrangement introduced with *日本料理は 大抵 おぜんに のせて 出します*."]},{"title":"The first steps","paragraphs":["The diner takes out the chopsticks and rests their tips on the chopstick stand.","Then the rice-bowl lid goes left of the tray, and the soup-bowl lid goes right. *ぜんの 外に 置きます* places both outside."]}],"lines":[{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.001","source":"日本料理は 大抵 おぜんに のせて 出します。","translation":"Japanese food is usually served on a tray.","reading":"にほんりょうりはたいていおぜんにのせてだします。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"お","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"のせ","gloss":"place"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"serve","reading":"だし"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.002","source":"普通の ぜんだては 左の 下の すみに 御飯、 右の 下の すみに すい物、 左の 上の すみに に物、 右の 上の すみに やいた物 又は さしみ、 まん中に すの物 などです。","translation":"In an ordinary tray arrangement, rice is in the lower left corner, soup is in the lower right corner, simmered food is in the upper left corner, grilled food or sashimi is in the upper right corner, and vinegared food and the like are in the center.","reading":"ふつうのぜんだてはひだりのしたのすみにごはん、みぎのしたのすみにすいもの、ひだりのうえのすみににもの、みぎのうえのすみにやいたものまたはさしみ、まんなかにすのものなどです。","words":[{"text":"普通","gloss":"ordinary","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ぜんだて","gloss":"tray arrangement"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"下","gloss":"lower","reading":"した"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"すみ","gloss":"corner"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"御飯、","gloss":"rice","reading":"ごはん"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"下","gloss":"lower","reading":"した"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"すみ","gloss":"corner"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物、","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"上","gloss":"upper","reading":"うえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"すみ","gloss":"corner"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"に","gloss":"simmered food"},{"text":"物、","gloss":"simmered food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"上","gloss":"upper","reading":"うえ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"すみ","gloss":"corner"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"やい","gloss":"grill"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"物","gloss":"food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"又","gloss":"or","reading":"また"},{"text":"は","gloss":"or"},{"text":"さしみ、","gloss":"sashimi"},{"text":"まん中","gloss":"center"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"す","gloss":"vinegared food"},{"text":"の","gloss":"vinegared food"},{"text":"物","gloss":"vinegared food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and the like"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.003","source":"おはしは おぜんの 手前に よこに 置きます。","translation":"The chopsticks are placed horizontally at the front of the tray.","reading":"おはしはおぜんのてまえによこにおきます。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"chopsticks"},{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"お","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"手前","gloss":"front","reading":"てまえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"よこ","gloss":"horizontally"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.004","source":"日本料理を 食べる 時には、 先ず はしを 取り出して、 さきの方を はし置きに のせておきます。","translation":"When eating Japanese food, first take out the chopsticks and rest their tips on the chopstick rest.","reading":"にほんりょうりをたべるときには、まずはしをとりだして、さきのほうをはしおきにのせておきます。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"先ず","gloss":"first","reading":"まず"},{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取り出し","gloss":"take out","reading":"とりだし"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"さき","gloss":"tips"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"part","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"はし置き","gloss":"chopstick rest","reading":"はしおき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"のせ","gloss":"rest"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"leave"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.005","source":"それから、 茶わんと すい物わんの ふたを 取って、 茶わんの ふたは 左、 おわんの ふたは 右の方の ぜんの 外に 置きます。","translation":"Then remove the lids from the rice bowl and the soup bowl, and place the rice-bowl lid on the left and the soup-bowl lid on the right, outside the tray.","reading":"それから、ちゃわんとすいものわんのふたをとって、ちゃわんのふたはひだり、おわんのふたはみぎのほうのぜんのそとにおきます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"bowl"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取っ","gloss":"remove","reading":"とっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"左、","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"お","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"side","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"tray"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"outside","reading":"そと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.006","source":"それから、 茶わんを","translation":"Then take the rice bowl.","reading":"それから、ちゃわんを","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"すみ","gloss":"inside corner"},{"word":"御飯、","gloss":"cooked rice"},{"word":"さしみ、","gloss":"thinly sliced raw fish dish"},{"word":"まん中","gloss":"center, middle"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"手前","gloss":"this side"},{"word":"よこ","gloss":"side, crosswise"},{"word":"はし置き","gloss":"chopstick stand"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Order of eating dishes · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Rice and soup in sequence","paragraphs":["The passage begins with the rice bowl in the left hand. *御飯を 一口 食べると* introduces one bite of rice.","The diner then puts down the rice bowl, drinks soup, and eats another bite of rice."]},{"title":"Pickles finish the meal","paragraphs":["After rice and soup, the diner may eat anything except the pickled vegetables.","*こうの物は 大抵 御飯を 食べ終って お茶が 出た 時に あがります* means the pickles are usually eaten after the rice, when tea is served."]}],"lines":[{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.007","source":"左の手に 持って 御飯を 食べます。","translation":"Hold it in your left hand and eat the rice.","reading":"ひだりのてにもってはんをたべます。","words":[{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand","reading":"て"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"hold","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"はん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.007.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.008","source":"御飯を 一口 食べると 茶わんを おぜんの 上に 置いて、 今度は すい物わんを 取って おすい物を 飲みます。","translation":"After eating one bite of rice, put the rice bowl on the tray, and then take the soup bowl and drink the soup.","reading":"はんをひとくちたべるとちゃわんをおぜんのうえにおいて、こんどはすいものわんをとっておすいものをのみます。","words":[{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"はん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"一口","gloss":"one bite","reading":"ひとくち"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"after"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"お","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"ぜん","gloss":"meal tray"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"上","gloss":"top","reading":"うえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"置い","gloss":"place","reading":"おい"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"今度","gloss":"then","reading":"こんど"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"bowl"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"取っ","gloss":"take","reading":"とっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"お","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲み","gloss":"drink","reading":"のみ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.009","source":"それから 又 一口 御飯を 食べます。","translation":"Then eat another bite of rice.","reading":"それからまたひとくちはんをたべます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から","gloss":"then"},{"text":"又","gloss":"another"},{"text":"一口","gloss":"one bite"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.010","source":"その後は こうの物の 外は 何を 食べても いいのです。","translation":"After that, you may eat anything except the pickled vegetables.","reading":"そのあとはこうのもののほかはなにをたべてもいいのです。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after","reading":"あと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"外","gloss":"except","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"may"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L068.rd.011","source":"こうの物は 大抵 御飯を 食べ終って お茶が 出た 時に あがります。","translation":"The pickled vegetables are usually eaten after you finish the rice, when tea is served.","reading":"こうのものはたいていはんをたべおわっておちゃがでたときにあがります。","words":[{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"はん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"finish eating","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"終っ","gloss":"finish eating","reading":"おわっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"finish eating"},{"text":"お","gloss":"tea"},{"text":"茶","gloss":"tea","reading":"ちゃ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出","gloss":"served","reading":"で"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あがり","gloss":"eat"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.rd.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about place settings · Questions 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Where each item belongs","paragraphs":["The questions ask where the dishes and chopsticks belong and what happens first.","*普通の ぜんだてで、 茶わんは どこに 置きますか* means \"In an ordinary place setting, where is the rice bowl placed?\"","An answer gives the item's position. Other answers state the first actions with the chopsticks and bowl lids."]}],"lines":[{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.001","source":"日本料理は 大抵 何に のせて 出しますか。","translation":"What is Japanese food usually served on?","reading":"にほんりょうりはたいていなににのせてだしますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"usually","reading":"たいてい"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"のせ","gloss":"place"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"serve","reading":"だし"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.001.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.002","source":"普通の ぜんだてで、 茶わんは どこに 置きますか。","translation":"In an ordinary place setting, where is the rice bowl placed?","reading":"ふつうのぜんだてで、ちゃわんはどこにおきますか。","words":[{"text":"普通","gloss":"ordinary","reading":"ふつう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ぜんだて","gloss":"place setting"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"in"},{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.002.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.003","source":"すい物は？","translation":"Where is the soup placed?","reading":"すいものは？","words":[{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は？","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.003.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.004","source":"やいた物は？","translation":"Where is the grilled food placed?","reading":"やいたものは？","words":[{"text":"やい","gloss":"grill"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"物","gloss":"food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は？","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.004.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.005","source":"に物は？","translation":"Where is the simmered food placed?","reading":"にものは？","words":[{"text":"に","gloss":"simmered food"},{"text":"物","gloss":"simmered food","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は？","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.005.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.006","source":"はしは どこに 置きますか。","translation":"Where are the chopsticks placed?","reading":"はしはどこにおきますか。","words":[{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.006.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.007","source":"日本料理を 食べる 時には、 先ず どうしますか。","translation":"When eating Japanese food, what do you do first?","reading":"にほんりょうりをたべるときには、まずどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"時","gloss":"when","reading":"とき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"先ず","gloss":"first","reading":"まず"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.007.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.008","source":"それから どうしますか。","translation":"What do you do next?","reading":"それからどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"then"},{"text":"から","gloss":"then"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.008.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about dining sequence · Questions 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The order of the meal","paragraphs":["The questions ask where the lids go, which hand holds the rice bowl, and what follows each bite.","*御飯を 一口 食べると どうしますか* means \"What do you do after eating one bite of rice?\"","An answer states the next action. The final answer says when the pickled vegetables are eaten."]}],"lines":[{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.009","source":"茶わんの ふたは どこに 置きますか。","translation":"Where do you put the rice-bowl lid?","reading":"ちゃわんのふたはどこにおきますか。","words":[{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.009.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.010","source":"おわんの ふたは どこに 置きますか。","translation":"Where do you put the soup-bowl lid?","reading":"おわんのふたはどこにおきますか。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"わん","gloss":"soup bowl"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"置き","gloss":"place","reading":"おき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.010.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.011","source":"茶わんは どっちの 手に 持って 食べますか。","translation":"Which hand do you hold the rice bowl in while eating?","reading":"ちゃわんはどっちのてにもってたべますか。","words":[{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どっち","gloss":"which"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"手","gloss":"hand","reading":"て"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"持っ","gloss":"hold","reading":"もっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"while"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.011.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.012","source":"御飯を 一口 食べると どうしますか。","translation":"What do you do after eating one bite of rice?","reading":"はんをひとくちたべるとどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"御飯","gloss":"rice","reading":"はん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"一口","gloss":"one bite","reading":"ひとくち"},{"text":"食べる","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"after"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.012.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.013","source":"おすい物を 飲んでから どうしますか。","translation":"What do you do after drinking the soup?","reading":"おすいものをのんでからどうしますか。","words":[{"text":"お","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"すい","gloss":"soup"},{"text":"物","gloss":"soup","reading":"もの"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"飲ん","gloss":"drink","reading":"のん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から","gloss":"after"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.013.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.014","source":"その後は どうですか。","translation":"What may you do after that?","reading":"そのあとはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"後","gloss":"after","reading":"あと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.014.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L068.q.015","source":"こうの物は いつ 食べますか。","translation":"When do you eat the pickled vegetables?","reading":"こうのものはいつたべますか。","words":[{"text":"こう","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"の","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"text":"物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"when"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.q.015.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Invitations and polite acceptance · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Inviting and accepting","paragraphs":["These words cover a formal invitation and its acceptance. *晩御飯* is \"evening meal, dinner,\" and *先約* is \"previous engagement.\"","*お受けいたします* means \"will accept.\" *いらっしゃって* comes from the honorific verb for coming or going.","The polite ending *--ませ* means \"please.\" Conditional *では* means \"if it is.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 招","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.001","source":"--ませ","translation":"please (See Notes)","reading":"--ませ","words":[{"text":"--ませ","gloss":"please"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.001.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.002","source":"招く","translation":"invite (vt)","reading":"まねく","words":[{"text":"招く","gloss":"invite","reading":"まねく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.002.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.003","source":"しごく","translation":"extremely, very much","reading":"しごく","words":[{"text":"しごく","gloss":"extremely"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.003.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.004","source":"すごしております","translation":"are spending days (are getting along)","reading":"すごしております","words":[{"text":"すごしております","gloss":"are getting along"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.004.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.005","source":"晩御飯","translation":"evening meal, dinner","reading":"ばんごはん","words":[{"text":"晩御飯","gloss":"dinner","reading":"ばんごはん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.005.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.006","source":"さしあげる","translation":"give, offer (vt)","reading":"さしあげる","words":[{"text":"さしあげる","gloss":"give"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.006.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.007","source":"幸い","translation":"fortunately","reading":"さいわい","words":[{"text":"幸い","gloss":"fortunately","reading":"さいわい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.007.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.008","source":"先約","translation":"previous engagement","reading":"せんやく","words":[{"text":"先約","gloss":"previous engagement","reading":"せんやく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.008.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.009","source":"お受けいたします","translation":"will accept","reading":"おうけいたします","words":[{"text":"お受けいたします","gloss":"will accept","reading":"おうけいたします"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.009.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.010","source":"いらっしゃって","translation":"from Irassharu, to come, to go.","reading":"いらっしゃって","words":[{"text":"いらっしゃって","gloss":"come"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.010.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.011","source":"では","translation":"if it is -- (see Grammar Notes)","reading":"では","words":[{"text":"では","gloss":"if so"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"--ませ","gloss":"please (See Notes)"},{"word":"招く","gloss":"invite (vt)"},{"word":"すごしております","gloss":"are spending days (are getting along)"},{"word":"さしあげる","gloss":"give, offer (vt)"},{"word":"お受けいたします","gloss":"will accept"},{"word":"いらっしゃって","gloss":"from Irassharu, to come, to go."},{"word":"では","gloss":"if that's the case"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Dishes and dining manners · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Food and dining manners","paragraphs":["The words cover dining manners and dishes on a meal tray. *食べ方* is \"manner of eating,\" and *えんりょなく* means \"without reserve.\"","*おぜん* is \"meal tray.\" *茶わん* is \"rice bowl,\" while *すい物* is \"soup.\"","The dishes include *に物*, \"boiled food,\" *さしみ*, \"thinly sliced raw fish dish,\" and *フライした物*, \"fried things.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.012","source":"食べ方","translation":"manner of eating","reading":"たべかた","words":[{"text":"食べ方","gloss":"way of eating","reading":"たべかた"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.012.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.013","source":"--がらではない","translation":"not the type to, not qualified to","reading":"--がらではない","words":[{"text":"--がらではない","gloss":"not the type to"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.013.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.014","source":"えんりょなく","translation":"without reserve, at ease, without formality, freely","reading":"えんりょなく","words":[{"text":"えんりょなく","gloss":"without reserve"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.014.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.015","source":"おぜん","translation":"meal tray","reading":"おぜん","words":[{"text":"おぜん","gloss":"meal tray"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.015.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.016","source":"茶わん","translation":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん","words":[{"text":"茶わん","gloss":"rice bowl","reading":"ちゃわん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.016.m4a"},{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.017","source":"すい物","translation":"soup","reading":"すいもの","words":[{"text":"すい物","gloss":"soup","reading":"すいもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.017.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.018","source":"に物","translation":"boiled food, cooked food","reading":"にもの","words":[{"text":"に物","gloss":"cooked food","reading":"にもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.018.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.019","source":"さしみ","translation":"thinly sliced raw fish dish","reading":"さしみ","words":[{"text":"さしみ","gloss":"sliced raw fish"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.019.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.020","source":"やいた物","translation":"broiled food","reading":"やいたもの","words":[{"text":"やいた物","gloss":"broiled food","reading":"やいたもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.020.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.021","source":"やく","translation":"broil (vt)","reading":"やく","words":[{"text":"やく","gloss":"broil"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.021.m4a"},{"number":169,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.022","source":"フライした物","translation":"fried things","reading":"フライしたもの","words":[{"text":"フライした物","gloss":"fried things","reading":"フライしたもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"食べ方","gloss":"manner of eating"},{"word":"--がらではない","gloss":"not the type to, not qualified to"},{"word":"えんりょなく","gloss":"without reserve, at ease, without formality, freely"},{"word":"おぜん","gloss":"meal tray"},{"word":"すい物","gloss":"soup"},{"word":"に物","gloss":"boiled food, cooked food"},{"word":"やいた物","gloss":"broiled food"},{"word":"やく","gloss":"approximately (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"フライした物","gloss":"fried things"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Utensils and table arrangements · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Items and actions at the tray","paragraphs":["The words name food, utensils, and the arrangement of a meal. *はし* is \"chopsticks,\" and *はし置き* is \"chopstick stand.\"","*ぜんだて* means \"arrangement of meal or a meal tray.\" *さき* is \"tip, point.\"","*のせて置く* means \"leave them placed on.\" The verb *のせる* includes the meaning \"place on.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":170,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.023","source":"すの物","translation":"vinegared food","reading":"すのもの","words":[{"text":"すの物","gloss":"vinegared food","reading":"すのもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.023.m4a"},{"number":171,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.024","source":"こうの物","translation":"pickled vegetables","reading":"こうのもの","words":[{"text":"こうの物","gloss":"pickled vegetables","reading":"こうのもの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.024.m4a"},{"number":172,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.025","source":"はし","translation":"chopsticks","reading":"はし","words":[{"text":"はし","gloss":"chopsticks"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.025.m4a"},{"number":173,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.026","source":"はし置き","translation":"chopstick stand","reading":"はしおき","words":[{"text":"はし置き","gloss":"chopstick stand","reading":"はしおき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.026.m4a"},{"number":174,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.027","source":"ぜんだて","translation":"arrangement of meal or a meal tray.","reading":"ぜんだて","words":[{"text":"ぜんだて","gloss":"meal arrangement"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.027.m4a"},{"number":175,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.028","source":"まごつく","translation":"be bewildered, be embarrassed (vi)","reading":"まごつく","words":[{"text":"まごつく","gloss":"be bewildered"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.028.m4a"},{"number":176,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.029","source":"フォーク","translation":"fork","reading":"フォーク","words":[{"text":"フォーク","gloss":"fork"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.029.m4a"},{"number":177,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.030","source":"スプーン","translation":"spoon","reading":"スプーン","words":[{"text":"スプーン","gloss":"spoon"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.030.m4a"},{"number":178,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.031","source":"さき","translation":"tip, point","reading":"さき","words":[{"text":"さき","gloss":"tip"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.031.m4a"},{"number":179,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.032","source":"のせて置く","translation":"leave them placed on","reading":"のせておく","words":[{"text":"のせて置く","gloss":"leave placed on","reading":"のせておく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.032.m4a"},{"number":180,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.033","source":"のせる","translation":"place on, load, give a ride, (vt)","reading":"のせる","words":[{"text":"のせる","gloss":"place on"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"すの物","gloss":"vinegared food"},{"word":"こうの物","gloss":"pickled vegetables"},{"word":"まごつく","gloss":"be bewildered, be embarrassed (vi)"},{"word":"のせて置く","gloss":"leave them placed on"},{"word":"のせる","gloss":"place on, load, give a ride, (vt)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Bowls, lids and positions · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Bowls, positions, and portions","paragraphs":["These words complete the meal setting. *御飯* is \"cooked rice,\" *わん* is \"bowl,\" and *ふた* is \"lid.\"","*場所* means \"place, room.\" *一口* is \"a mouthful.\" *手前* is \"this side,\" and *よこ* means \"side, crosswise.\"","*何から食べ始めてよいかわかりません* means \"I don't know what I should start eating from.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":181,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.034","source":"御飯","translation":"cooked rice","reading":"ごはん","words":[{"text":"御飯","gloss":"cooked rice","reading":"ごはん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.034.m4a"},{"number":182,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.035","source":"わん","translation":"bowl","reading":"わん","words":[{"text":"わん","gloss":"bowl"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.035.m4a"},{"number":183,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.036","source":"ふた","translation":"lid","reading":"ふた","words":[{"text":"ふた","gloss":"lid"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.036.m4a"},{"number":184,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.037","source":"場所","translation":"place, room","reading":"ばしょ","words":[{"text":"場所","gloss":"place","reading":"ばしょ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.037.m4a"},{"number":185,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.038","source":"一口","translation":"a mouthful","reading":"ひとくち","words":[{"text":"一口","gloss":"a mouthful","reading":"ひとくち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.038.m4a"},{"number":186,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.039","source":"何から食べ始めてよいかわかりません","translation":"I don't know what I should start eating from. (See Gram. notes)","reading":"なにからたべはじめてよいかわかりません","words":[{"text":"何から食べ始めてよいかわかりません","gloss":"I do not know","reading":"なにからたべはじめてよいかわかりません"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.039.m4a"},{"number":187,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.040","source":"手前","translation":"this side","reading":"てまえ","words":[{"text":"手前","gloss":"this side","reading":"てまえ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.040.m4a"},{"number":188,"id":"ja.dli.L068.w.041","source":"よこ","translation":"side, crosswise","reading":"よこ","words":[{"text":"よこ","gloss":"side"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L068.w.041.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":5,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Dialogue in this lesson is written in the polite female conversational style. Practice it with the non-polite male conversational style.\n\n2 Practice the following with your fellow students.\n\na Make a telephone call to your close friend asking him to come to a dinner at six, Sunday night.\n\nb Make a telephone call to your superior inviting him and his wife to a dinner at 5:30 Saturday evening.\n\n3 Explain the arrangement of a Japanese meal."},{"section":6,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Transform the Dialogue into non-polite male conversational style.\n\n2 Learn the vocabulary.\n\n3 Study Grammar Perception Drill and the Pattern Practice.\n\n4 Learn to read and write Kanji.\n\n5 Read the Explanatory Notes and the Guide for Free Conversation."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"何から食べ始めてよいかわかりません","gloss":"I don't know what I should start eating from. (See Gram. notes)"}],"paradigms":[]}]}