{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L072","title":"Lesson 72","stage":"Reading Japan","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 72: planning a coastal drive · dialogue 1 of 6, following the coastal route · dialogue 2 of 6, mountain roads and overnight stops · dialogue 3 of 6, returning by the scenic route · dialogue 4 of 6, road sign colors and meanings · dialogue 5 of 6, speed and traffic signs · dialogue 6 of 6, phrases describing places and plans · perception drill, no matter what or where · perception drill, phrases describing people and events · pattern 1 1 of 3, teachers, from here and as far as · pattern 1 3 of 3, no matter who, no matter how much · pattern 2 2 of 3, conditions and likely results · pattern 2 3 of 3, questions about coastal routes · reading selection 1 of 2, questions about signs and roads · reading selection 2 of 2, scenic routes and sign colors · questions, coasts, inns, views, traffic signs and directions · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/70","lines":168},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/69","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/71","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Planning a coastal drive · Dialogue 1 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"Kamakura on the coastal route","paragraphs":["*と中 鎌倉によって、そこから 海岸に そって 西へ ドライブすると、海岸のけしきは すばらしいです* describes the splendid coastal scenery west of Kamakura.","Kamakura is a city on the Miura Peninsula facing Sagami Bay. It is about an hour from Tokyo by express train."]},{"title":"Hakone as the destination","paragraphs":["*箱根は どうでしょう* means \"How about Hakone?\" The family drive heads toward this mountain resort area.","Hakone is in Kanagawa Prefecture. It has hot springs, lovely lakes, and picturesque scenery."]},{"title":"Kanji: 岸","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 海, 西","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.001","source":"\"ドライブ\"","translation":"“A Drive”","reading":"\"ドライブ\"","words":[{"text":"\"","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"ドライブ\"","gloss":"a drive"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.002","source":"今週まつ 家族づれで ドライブに 行きたいと 思ってるんですが、どこが いいでしょうか。","translation":"I am hoping to go driving with my family this weekend, but where do you suppose is the best","reading":"こんしゅうまつかぞくづれでドライブにいきたいとおもってるんですが、どこがいいでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"今週","gloss":"this weekend","reading":"こんしゅう"},{"text":"まつ","gloss":"this weekend"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"with my family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"づれ","gloss":"with my family"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"ドライブ","gloss":"drive"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am hoping","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"てる","gloss":"am hoping"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"best"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.003","source":"箱根は どうでしょう。","translation":"How about Hakone?","reading":"はこねはどうでしょう。","words":[{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone","reading":"はこね"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how about"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.004","source":"中々 よい所だそうですね。","translation":"I understand it is a very nice place.","reading":"なかなかよいところだそうですね。","words":[{"text":"中々","gloss":"very","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"nice"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.005","source":"と中 鎌倉によって、そこから 海岸に そって 西へ ドライブすると、海岸のけしきは すばらしいです。","translation":"If you stop by at Kamakura and from there drive west along the sea shore, the seashore scenery is splendid.","reading":"とちゅうかまくらによって、そこからかいがんにそってにしへドライブすると、かいがんのけしきはすばらしいです。","words":[{"text":"と","gloss":"on the way"},{"text":"中","gloss":"on the way","reading":"ちゅう"},{"text":"鎌倉","gloss":"Kamakura","reading":"かまくら"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"よっ","gloss":"stop by"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"stop by"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"seashore","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"そっ","gloss":"along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"along"},{"text":"西","gloss":"west","reading":"にし"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"ドライブ","gloss":"drive"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"seashore","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"splendid"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.006","source":"そのあたり 美しいと 聞きました。","translation":"I heard that it is beautiful around there.","reading":"そのあたりうつくしいとききました。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"美しい","gloss":"beautiful","reading":"うつくしい"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"聞き","gloss":"hear","reading":"きき"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"Phrase modifier.\nA phrase or clause ending with a particle can be used as a modifier of nominals. In this case a particle NO is used between the phrase modifier and the nominal.\n\nParticle Phrase + NO + Nominal | Meaning\nKOKO KARA + NO + NAGAME | View from here\nTOMODACHI E + NO + TEGAMI | a letter to a friend\nUCHI DE + NO + BENKYOO | studying at home\nNIHONJIN TO + NO + KAIWA | conversation with a Japanese\nGAKKOO MADE + NO + UNTEN | driving to school\nNIHON E ITTE KARA + NO + BENKYOO | studying after I go to japan"},{"section":2,"text":"DOKO E ITTE MO “No matter where one goes,”\nTE-form of verbs and i-adjectives plus MO may follow an interrogative pronouns, and such sequence has a generalized rather than an interrogative meaning “no matter”.\n\nForm | Meaning\nNANI O TABETE MO | no matter what one eats\nNANI GA ATTE MO | no matter what there is\nDOKO E ITTE MO | no matter where one goes\nDARE GA KITE MO | no matter who comes\nITSU MITE MO | no matter when one sees\nNANJI NI IKITAKUTE MO | no matter what time one wants to go\nDONNA NI ATSUKUTE MO | no matter how hot it may be\nDOO SHITE MO | no matter what one does\n\nGOO\nGOO occurs with the numerals and used as a counter of rooms, trains, roads, etc.\n\nICHI-GOO / NI-GOO / SAN-GOO / YON-GOO / GO-GOO / ROKU-GOO / SICHI-GOO or NANA-GOO / HACHI-GOO / KYUU-GOO / JUU-GOO / NAN-GOO\n\nPrefix YOKU.\nPrefix YOKU is attached to the nominals of time element and means “following ---” or “next ---”.\n\nForm | Meaning\nYOKU-ASA or YOKU CHOO | next morning\nYOKU-JITSU | following day\nYOKU-BAN | next evening\nYOKU-GETSU | next month\n\nForm | Meaning\nYOKU-NEN | next year\nYOKU-TOOKA | The following day, the 10th\n\nConjunctive base (2nd base) of verbs used as nouns.\nCertain conjunctive stems of verbs are used as nouns.\n\nVerbs | Conjunctive Stem | Meaning\nKAERU | KAERI | return, coming back\nYASUMU | YASUMI | rest, holiday\nTSUKAU | TSUKAI | errand\nCHIGAU | CHIGAI | difference\nTORIATSUKAU | TORIATSUKAI | handling\nODOROKU | ODOROKI | surprise\nHANASU | HANASHI | story, talk\nNOKORU | NOKORI | remainder"},{"section":3,"text":"KAMAKURA\nKAMAKURA City occupies part of Miura Peninsula and\n\nfaces Sagami Bay. The city abounds in swimming resorts favored with sublime panoramas of Mt. Fuji and Enoshima Island. Kamakura is approximately an hour’s ride by express train from Tokyo and boasts a large number of temples and shrines as well as ancient artistic treasures. The most famous landmark of Kamakura is the Great Buddha (Daibutsu), a bronze figure 42 ft 6 inches high and weighing 103 tons."},{"section":4,"text":"Odawara\nOdawara has become the center of industry, culture, education and communication in the western part of the Kanagawa Prefecture. The site of Odawara castle is famous for cherry blossoms in the spring. Establishment of the new Odawara Station is expected to contribute to the development of traffic, industry, culture, and tourism."},{"section":5,"text":"Enoshima\nEnoshima Island is thriving as the sight-seeing center of Fujisawa City."},{"section":6,"text":"Zushi\nZushi City has a quiet Hiroyama Park, abounding in scenic beauty."},{"section":7,"text":"Hakone\nLocated in Kanagawa Prefecture and renowned for its hot springs, lovely lakes, and picturesque scenery, is also part of the famous Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park which borders the three prefectures of Kanagawa, Shizuoka and Yamanashi."},{"section":8,"text":"Yumoto\nLocated 350 feet above sea level, it is one of the oldest towns and most popular hot springs in the entire Hakone area. Its waters are said to be beneficial for various nervous disorders."},{"section":9,"text":"Atami\nThe Riviera of Japan, Atami is one of the largest Izu Peninsula resorts with beautiful hot spring hotels, souvenir shops and amusement centers, superb scenery, and a wonderful climate. Situated on the Izu Peninsula\n\nit is reached in about two hours from Tokyo by express train."},{"section":10,"text":"Ashinoko\nAshinoko or Lake Hakone, as it is known by western tourists, is one of Japan’s finest mountain lakes. Black bass and trout are plentiful and there are many small boats, motor boats, and sail boats for rent. Sight-seeing boats ply the lake regularly and the view of Mt. Fuji, as seen from the lakes’s surface, is one of the best."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ドライブ\"","gloss":"a drive"},{"word":"今週","gloss":"this week"},{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"てる","gloss":"to shine (v.i.)"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"中々","gloss":"considerably, very"},{"word":"よい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"所","gloss":"address, place"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"海岸","gloss":"coast, shore"},{"word":"西","gloss":"west"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"word":"すばらしい","gloss":"splendid, great, grand"},{"word":"あたり","gloss":"vicinity, neighborhood"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Following the coastal route · Dialogue 2 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"From Zushi to Enoshima","paragraphs":["*そのあたりは どこへ 行っても いいけしきですが、逗子、鎌倉から 江の島にかけての けしきは かくべつですね* says the scenery toward Enoshima is especially good.","Zushi has quiet Hiroyama Park and scenic beauty. *どこへ 行っても* means \"no matter where one goes.\""]},{"title":"The road beyond Enoshima","paragraphs":["Enoshima is an island and the sightseeing center of Fujisawa City.","*ええ、江の島から 海岸に そって 平塚に 行き、そこで 国道一号線に 出ます* routes the drive along the coast to National Highway 1.","In *逗子、鎌倉から 江の島にかけての けしき*, *江の島にかけての* describes *けしき*."]},{"title":"Kanji: 号","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.007","source":"そのあたりは どこへ 行っても いいけしきですが、逗子、鎌倉から 江の島にかけての けしきは かくべつですね。","translation":"No matter where you go, the scenery is good around there; but the scenery from Zushi, Kamakura extending over to Enoshima is especially good.","reading":"そのあたりはどこへいってもいいけしきですが、ずし、かまくらからえのしまにかけてのけしきはかくべつですね。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"逗子、","gloss":"Zushi","reading":"ずし"},{"text":"鎌倉","gloss":"Kamakura","reading":"かまくら"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"江の島","gloss":"Enoshima"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かけ","gloss":"extending"},{"text":"て","gloss":"extending"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"かくべつ","gloss":"especially good"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.008","source":"その 海岸に そった 道路は 有料道路ですか。","translation":"Is the road along that seashore a toll highway?","reading":"そのかいがんにそったどうろはゆうりょうどうろですか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"seashore","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"そっ","gloss":"along"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"road","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"有料","gloss":"toll highway","reading":"ゆうりょう"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"toll highway","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.009","source":"いいえ、有料道路では ありませんが、ほそう 道路です。","translation":"No, it is not a toll highway, but it’s a paved road.","reading":"いいえ、ゆうりょうどうろではありませんが、ほそうどうろです。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"有料","gloss":"toll highway","reading":"ゆうりょう"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"toll highway","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"ほそう","gloss":"paved road"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"paved road","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.010","source":"その 道路を 行くと 箱根に 来ますか。","translation":"Do you get to Hakone if you proceed on that road?","reading":"そのどうろをいくとはこねにきますか。","words":[{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"road","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"proceed","reading":"いく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone","reading":"はこね"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"get to","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.011","source":"ええ、江の島から 海岸に そって 平塚に 行き、そこで 国道一号線に 出ます。","translation":"Yes, you proceed on to Hiratsuka from Enoshima along the seashore and there you’ll come out to the National highway No. 1.","reading":"ええ、えのしまからかいがんにそってひらつかにいき、そこでこくどおいちごうせんにでます。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"江の島","gloss":"Enoshima"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"seashore","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"そっ","gloss":"along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"along"},{"text":"平塚","gloss":"Hiratsuka","reading":"ひらつか"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行き、","gloss":"proceed","reading":"いき"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"国道","gloss":"National Highway 1"},{"text":"一","gloss":"National Highway 1"},{"text":"号","gloss":"National Highway 1"},{"text":"線","gloss":"National Highway 1"},{"text":"に","gloss":"onto"},{"text":"出","gloss":"come out","reading":"で"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.012","source":"それを 行けば いいのですか。","translation":"May I proceed on that road?","reading":"それをいけばいいのですか。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"を","gloss":"on"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"proceed","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"all right"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the case"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かくべつ","gloss":"specially good"},{"word":"道路","gloss":"road"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"国道","gloss":"national highway"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"線","gloss":"line"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Mountain roads and overnight stops · Dialogue 3 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"The road beyond Odawara","paragraphs":["*そうです。小田原、湯本を 過ぎて、道は しだいに けわしくなって 来ます* says the road gradually becomes steep after Odawara and Yumoto.","Odawara is a center of industry, culture, education, and communication in western Kanagawa Prefecture. Its castle site is famous for spring cherry blossoms."]},{"title":"Yumoto and the mountain inns","paragraphs":["*湯本を 出て 山にはいってから、とまる所が ありますか* asks about places to stop after entering the mountains.","Yumoto is 350 feet above sea level. It is one of the oldest towns and most popular hot springs in the Hakone area.","The answer names many *旅館*, or \"inns,\" in Miya-no-shita and other places."]},{"title":"Kanji: 過, 迷","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 町","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.013","source":"そうです。小田原、湯本を 過ぎて、道は しだいに けわしくなって 来ます。","translation":"That’s right. After passing through Odawara and Yumoto, the road gradually becomes steep.","reading":"そうです。おだわら、ゆもとをすぎて、みちはしだいにけわしくなってきます。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"小田原、","gloss":"Odawara","reading":"おだわら"},{"text":"湯本","gloss":"Yumoto","reading":"ゆもと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"過ぎ","gloss":"pass","reading":"すぎ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"after"},{"text":"道","gloss":"road","reading":"みち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"しだい","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"に","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"けわしく","gloss":"steep"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come to","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.014","source":"道に 迷う事は ありませんか。","translation":"Don’t you ever get lost?","reading":"みちにまようことはありませんか。","words":[{"text":"道","gloss":"road","reading":"みち"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"迷う","gloss":"get lost","reading":"まよう"},{"text":"事","gloss":"occasion","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.015","source":"道路 ひょうしきが あるから、そんな 心配は ありません。","translation":"There are road signs, so you don’t have to worry about that.","reading":"どうろひょうしきがあるから、そんなしんぱいはありません。","words":[{"text":"道路","gloss":"road signs","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"road signs"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"that kind of"},{"text":"心配","gloss":"worry","reading":"しんぱい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.016","source":"湯本を 出て 山にはいってから、とまる所が ありますか。","translation":"Are there any places to stop over after going into the mountains after leaving Yumoto?","reading":"ゆもとをでてやまにはいってから、とまるところがありますか。","words":[{"text":"湯本","gloss":"Yumoto","reading":"ゆもと"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出","gloss":"leave","reading":"で"},{"text":"て","gloss":"after"},{"text":"山","gloss":"mountains","reading":"やま"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"はいっ","gloss":"enter"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"after"},{"text":"とまる","gloss":"stop over"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.017","source":"ありますとも。宮の下 などには 旅館が 沢山 あります。","translation":"Of course there are. There are many inns in Miya-no-shita and others.","reading":"ありますとも。みやのしたなどにはりょかんがたくさんあります。","words":[{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"と","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"も。","gloss":"of course"},{"text":"宮","gloss":"Miya","reading":"みや"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"下","gloss":"shita","reading":"した"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"旅館","gloss":"inns","reading":"りょかん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"many","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.018","source":"箱根という町が ありますか。","translation":"Is there a town called Hakone?","reading":"はこねというまちがありますか。","words":[{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone","reading":"はこね"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"町","gloss":"town","reading":"まち"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"道","gloss":"road, street"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"山","gloss":"mountain"},{"word":"とまる","gloss":"to stop"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"旅館","gloss":"inn"},{"word":"町","gloss":"town"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Returning by the scenic route · Dialogue 4 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"Lake Ashi in the mountains","paragraphs":["*あります。芦の 湖という 湖に めんしてる町で、そこにも よいホテルが あります* describes a town facing Lake Ashi with good hotels.","Lake Ashi is also called Lake Hakone. It is one of Japan's finest mountain lakes, with boats and views of Mount Fuji."]},{"title":"The return through Atami","paragraphs":["*ひまが あれば 箱根とうげを こえて、すぐ左に 道を とって 熱海に 出て 帰るといいです* recommends Atami for the return.","Atami is a large resort on the Izu Peninsula. It has hot spring hotels, souvenir shops, and fine scenery."]},{"title":"Kanji: 湖","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]},{"title":"Kanji: 画","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.019","source":"あります。芦の 湖という 湖に めんしてる町で、そこにも よいホテルが あります。でも 宮の下 あたりで、とまった方が いいでしょう。","translation":"Yes, there is. It is a town facing a lake called Ashi-no-ko and there are good hotels there, too. However, it is probably better to stop over around Miya-no-shita.","reading":"あります。あしのみずうみというみずうみにめんしてるまちで、そこにもよいほてるがあります。でもみやのしたあたりで、とまったほうがいいでしょう。","words":[{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"芦","gloss":"Ashi","reading":"あし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"湖","gloss":"lake","reading":"みずうみ"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"湖","gloss":"lake","reading":"みずうみ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"めんし","gloss":"facing"},{"text":"てる","gloss":"facing"},{"text":"町","gloss":"town","reading":"まち"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"being"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"ホテル","gloss":"hotels"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"で","gloss":"however"},{"text":"も","gloss":"however"},{"text":"宮","gloss":"Miya","reading":"みや"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"下","gloss":"shita","reading":"した"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"at"},{"text":"とまっ","gloss":"stop over"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"方","gloss":"choice","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"better"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.020","source":"それでは、宮の下で とまる 計画に しましょう。","translation":"Then, I’ll make a plan to stop over at Miyano-shita.","reading":"それでは、みやのしたでとまるけいかくにしましょう。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"宮","gloss":"Miya","reading":"みや"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"下","gloss":"shita","reading":"した"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"とまる","gloss":"stop over"},{"text":"計画","gloss":"plan","reading":"けいかく"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ましょう。","gloss":"let us"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.021","source":"それが いいでしょう。そして、よく日 大湧谷の方へ 行って、そこから、有料道路に 出て、芦の湖を ながめながら、箱根町に 出るといいと 思います。","translation":"That probably will be best. And I think it is best to proceed on to Oowakitani the following day and from there come out to a toll highway and come out to the town of Hakone while viewing Lake Ashinoko.","reading":"それがいいでしょう。そして、よくじつおおわくだにのほうへいって、そこから、ゆうりょうどうろにでて、あしのこをながめながら、はこねまちにでるといいとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"following day"},{"text":"日","gloss":"following day"},{"text":"大","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"湧","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"谷","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"direction","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"from"},{"text":"有料","gloss":"toll","reading":"ゆうりょう"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"highway","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出","gloss":"come out","reading":"で"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"芦","gloss":"Lake Ashi","reading":"あし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"湖","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"ながら、","gloss":"while"},{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"町","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"come out"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"think"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.022","source":"帰りは 同じ 道ですか。","translation":"Do you take the same road on the way home?","reading":"かえりはおなじみちですか。","words":[{"text":"帰り","gloss":"return trip","reading":"かえり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"同じ","gloss":"same","reading":"おなじ"},{"text":"道","gloss":"road","reading":"みち"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.022.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.023","source":"ひまが あれば 箱根とうげを こえて、すぐ左に 道を とって 熱海に 出て 帰るといいです。十国とうげからの ながめは 実に すばらしいです。","translation":"If you have time, it is best to take the road to the left right after passing through Hakone mountain pass and come out to Atami before you go home. The view from Jikkoku mountain pass is truly magnificient.","reading":"ひまがあればはこねとうげをこえて、すぐひだりにみちをとってあたみにでてかえるといいです。じゅうくにとうげからのながめはじつにすばらしいです。","words":[{"text":"ひま","gloss":"free time"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あれ","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone","reading":"はこね"},{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"mountain pass"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"こえ","gloss":"cross"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"すぐ","gloss":"immediately"},{"text":"左","gloss":"left","reading":"ひだり"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"道","gloss":"road","reading":"みち"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"とっ","gloss":"take"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"熱海","gloss":"Atami","reading":"あたみ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出","gloss":"come out","reading":"で"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"帰る","gloss":"go home","reading":"かえる"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"十","gloss":"Jikkoku Pass","reading":"じゅう"},{"text":"国","gloss":"Jikkoku Pass","reading":"くに"},{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"Jikkoku Pass"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"実","gloss":"truly","reading":"じつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"splendid"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.023.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.024","source":"それでは、そうすることにしましょう。","translation":"Then, I shall decide to do so.","reading":"それでは、そうすることにしましょう。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"こと","gloss":"matter"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ましょう。","gloss":"shall"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"で、","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ホテル","gloss":"hotel"},{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"は、","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"ましょう。","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"ながめ","gloss":"view (n)"},{"word":"ながら、","gloss":"while (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"出る","gloss":"come out to the phone, go out, come out (vi)"},{"word":"帰り","gloss":"return trip (See notes)"},{"word":"ひま","gloss":"leisure time, free"},{"word":"とうげ","gloss":"mountain pass"},{"word":"すぐ","gloss":"right away, immediately"},{"word":"十","gloss":"ten"},{"word":"国","gloss":"country, nation"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Road sign colors and meanings · Dialogue 5 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"Red and yellow road signs","paragraphs":["*大体に 赤色の 四角があるのは きけん という いみの ひょうしきです* says a sign with a red square means danger.","*きいろの バックに 黒いの* identifies black signs on a yellow background. They concern roads, including right turns, intersections, and railroad crossings."]},{"title":"Green and blue signs","paragraphs":["*みどりは ちゅう車場、工事中、おうだん歩道 などですが、青色のは* assigns green to parking, construction, and crosswalk signs.","The final phrase asks about blue signs."]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.025","source":"有料道路ですから、よいドライブですよ。","translation":"It’s a good drive because it is a toll highway.","reading":"ゆうりょうどうろですから、よいドライブですよ。","words":[{"text":"有料","gloss":"toll","reading":"ゆうりょう"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"highway","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"ドライブ","gloss":"drive"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.025.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.026","source":"日本の 道路ひょうしきは 多くて、運転しながら いちいち見る ひまは ないですね。","translation":"In japan there are many road signs and there is no time to look at every one of them while driving, isn’t that so?","reading":"にほんのどうろひょうしきはおおくて、うんてんしながらいちいちみるひまはないですね。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"road sign","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"road sign"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"多く","gloss":"many","reading":"おおく"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving","reading":"うんてん"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ながら","gloss":"while"},{"text":"いちいち","gloss":"each one"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"look at","reading":"みる"},{"text":"ひま","gloss":"time"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.026.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.027","source":"そうですが、大体に 赤色の 四角があるのは きけん という いみの ひょうしきです。","translation":"That’s right, but generally the ones that have a red-colored square are the signs meaning danger.","reading":"そうですが、だいたいにあかいろのしかくがあるのはきけんといういみのひょうしきです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"大体","gloss":"generally","reading":"だいたい"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"赤色","gloss":"red","reading":"あかいろ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"四角","gloss":"square","reading":"しかく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"have"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きけん","gloss":"danger"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"sign"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.027.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.028","source":"なるほどね。","translation":"I see.","reading":"なるほどね。","words":[{"text":"なるほど","gloss":"I see"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.028.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.029","source":"そして、きいろの バックに 黒いのが 道路に かんするもので、右おれとか、こうさてんとか、ふみきりとかいうものです。","translation":"And the ones that are black with yellow background are the signs concerning roads, and they are the signs of right turn, intersection, railroad crossing, and so on.","reading":"そして、きいろのバックにくろいのがどうろにかんするもので、みぎおれとか、こうさてんとか、ふみきりとかいうものです。","words":[{"text":"そして、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"きいろ","gloss":"yellow"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"バック","gloss":"background"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"黒い","gloss":"black","reading":"くろい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"road","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"about"},{"text":"かんする","gloss":"concerning"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"things"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"being"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right turn","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"おれ","gloss":"right turn"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"さて","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"ふみきり","gloss":"railroad crossing"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"か","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"things"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.029.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.030","source":"みどりは ちゅう車場、工事中、おうだん歩道 などですが、青色のは。","translation":"The green ones are parking places, under construction, crosswalks, etc., but what about the blue ones?","reading":"みどりはちゅうしゃじょう、こうじちゅう、おうだんほどうなどですが、あおいろのは。","words":[{"text":"みどり","gloss":"green"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ちゅう車","gloss":"parking lot"},{"text":"場、","gloss":"parking lot"},{"text":"工事","gloss":"under construction"},{"text":"中、","gloss":"under construction"},{"text":"おうだん","gloss":"crosswalk"},{"text":"歩道","gloss":"crosswalk"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"青色","gloss":"blue"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.030.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ドライブ","gloss":"a drive"},{"word":"多く","gloss":"many of them"},{"word":"ながら","gloss":"while (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"四角","gloss":"square"},{"word":"きけん","gloss":"dangerous"},{"word":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"word":"なるほど","gloss":"I see, indeed, to be sure"},{"word":"きいろ","gloss":"yellow (capula N.)"},{"word":"バック","gloss":"background, back"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"か、","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ふみきり","gloss":"railroad crossing"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Speed and traffic signs · Dialogue 6 of 6","teaching":[{"title":"Blue signs and a safe departure","paragraphs":["*速度、一方通行 などに かんするものです* says blue signs concern speed and one-way traffic.","After the thanks, *気を つけて 行ってらっしゃい* sends the traveler off with a request to be careful and return."]}],"lines":[{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.031","source":"速度、一方通行 などに かんするものです。","translation":"They are the signs concerning speed, one-way traffic, etc.","reading":"そくど、いっぽうつうこうなどにかんするものです。","words":[{"text":"速度、","gloss":"speed","reading":"そくど"},{"text":"一方","gloss":"one-way traffic","reading":"いっぽう"},{"text":"通行","gloss":"one-way traffic","reading":"つうこう"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so on"},{"text":"に","gloss":"about"},{"text":"かんする","gloss":"concerning"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"things"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.031.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.032","source":"どうも 色々 ありがとう御ざいました。","translation":"Thank you very much for everything.","reading":"どうもいろいろありがとうございました。","words":[{"text":"どう","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"も","gloss":"very much"},{"text":"色々","gloss":"everything","reading":"いろいろ"},{"text":"ありがとう","gloss":"thank you"},{"text":"御","gloss":"polite","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"い","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.032.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L072.dlg.033","source":"気を つけて 行ってらっしゃい。","translation":"Please be careful and go.","reading":"きをつけていってらっしゃい。","words":[{"text":"気","gloss":"care","reading":"き"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つけ","gloss":"take"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"てらっしゃい。","gloss":"please go"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.dlg.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"速度、","gloss":"speed"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Phrases describing places and plans · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"A view from here","paragraphs":["*ここからの ながめは すばらしい* means \"The view from here is splendid.\" The phrase *ここから* ends in the particle *から*.","A phrase ending in a particle takes *の* when that phrase describes the noun after it. Here, *ここからの* describes *ながめ*."]},{"title":"Letters, driving, and appointments","paragraphs":["*田中さんへの 手紙を 出してくれましたか* means \"Did you mail the letter to Mr. Tanaka for me?\" *田中さんへの* describes *手紙*.","*家から 学校までの* describes *運転*, and *大木さんとの* describes *約束*."]}],"lines":[{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.01","source":"ここからの ながめは すばらしい。","translation":"The view from here is splendid.","reading":"ここからのながめはすばらしい。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"すばらしい。","gloss":"splendid"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.02","source":"君は うちでの 勉強が たらない様ですね。","translation":"It seems you lack studying at home.","reading":"きみはうちでのべんきょうがたらないようですね。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"うち","gloss":"home"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"enough"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.03","source":"でも、毎晩 二時間ぐらい 勉強するんですが。","translation":"But, I study about two hours every night.","reading":"でも、まいばんにじかんぐらいべんきょうするんですが。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"but"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"毎晩","gloss":"every night","reading":"まいばん"},{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"に"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"hours","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が。","gloss":"though"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.04","source":"二時間では たらないね。","translation":"Two hours are not enough.","reading":"にじかんではたらないね。","words":[{"text":"二","gloss":"two","reading":"に"},{"text":"時間","gloss":"hours","reading":"じかん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"たら","gloss":"enough"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.05","source":"君は この学校を そつぎょうしてからの 日本語の 勉強は どうする つもりかね。","translation":"What are you intending to do about the study of Japanese after you graduate from this school?","reading":"きみはこのがっこうをそつぎょうしてからのにほんごのべんきょうはどうするつもりかね。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から","gloss":"after"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"つもり","gloss":"intend"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.06","source":"私は この学校を そつぎょうしてから 日本へ 行く事になっていますから、日本で 日本語の 勉強を つづけるつもりです。","translation":"Since I am to go to Japan after I graduate from this school, I intend to continue studying Japanese in Japan.","reading":"わたくしはこのがっこうをそつぎょうしてからにほんへいくことになっていますから、にほんでにほんごのべんきょうをつづけるつもりです。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"そつぎょう","gloss":"graduate"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から","gloss":"after"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matter","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"い","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つづける","gloss":"continue"},{"text":"つもり","gloss":"intend"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.07","source":"田中さんへの 手紙を 出してくれましたか。","translation":"Did you mail the letter to Mr. Tanaka for me?","reading":"たなかさんへのてがみをだしてくれましたか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"mail","reading":"だし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"for me"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.08","source":"ええ、昨晩 出して おきました。","translation":"Yes, I mailed it last night.","reading":"ええ、さくばんだしておきました。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"昨晩","gloss":"last night","reading":"さくばん"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"mail","reading":"だし"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"おき","gloss":"in advance"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.09","source":"あなたは 自動車の 運転が 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you drive a car?","reading":"あなたはじどうしゃのうんてんができますか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving","reading":"うんてん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.10","source":"家から 学校までの 運転は 出来ますが、町の中での 運転は だめです。","translation":"I can drive to school from home, but I cannot drive in town.","reading":"いえからがっこうまでのうんてんはできますが、まちのなかでのうんてんはだめです。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving","reading":"うんてん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"町","gloss":"town","reading":"まち"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"中","gloss":"inside","reading":"なか"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving","reading":"うんてん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"だめ","gloss":"no good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.11","source":"今晩 家に 遊びにいらっしゃいませんか。","translation":"Won’t you come to visit me at my home tonight?","reading":"こんばんいえにあそびにいらっしゃいませんか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"遊び","gloss":"visit","reading":"あそび"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"come"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.11.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp1.12","source":"今晩は 大木さんとの 約束が ありますから、行けません。","translation":"Since I have an engagement with Mr. Ooki this evening, I can’t go.","reading":"こんばんはおおきさんとのやくそくがありますから、いけません。","words":[{"text":"今晩は","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばんは"},{"text":"大木","gloss":"Oki","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"約束","gloss":"appointment","reading":"やくそく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"行け","gloss":"can go","reading":"いけ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp1.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"word":"すばらしい。","gloss":"splendid, great, grand"},{"word":"君","gloss":"suffix to a name, Mr. (See cult. notes)"},{"word":"うち","gloss":"home, house"},{"word":"二","gloss":"two"},{"word":"時間","gloss":"hour, time"},{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"つづける","gloss":"to continue (v.t.)"},{"word":"手紙","gloss":"letter (correspondence)"},{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"だめ","gloss":"no good, useless,\nhopeless"},{"word":"いらっしゃい","gloss":"please come; please go (See Cult. notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"No matter what or where · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"No matter where","paragraphs":["*どこへ 行っても いいけしきです* means \"No matter where one goes, it is good scenery.\" *どこへ* is followed by the TE-form *行って* and *も*.","An interrogative expression followed by a verb or I-adjective TE-form and *も* gives a generalized meaning instead of asking a question."]},{"title":"No matter what or how much","paragraphs":["*何を しても かまわないそうです* means that anything she does is all right. *何を しても* means \"no matter what she does.\"","With an I-adjective, *いくら 高くても* means \"no matter how expensive it may be.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.01","source":"どこへ 行っても いいけしきです。","translation":"No matter where one goes, it is good scenery.","reading":"どこへいってもいいけしきです。","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.02","source":"奥さんの 御病気は いかがですか。","translation":"How is your wife’s illness?","reading":"おくさんのごびょうきはいかがですか。","words":[{"text":"奥","gloss":"wife","reading":"おく"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"wife"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"御","gloss":"honorable","reading":"ご"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いかが","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.03","source":"もう よくなりましたから、何を しても かまわないそうです。","translation":"She has become better already, so she can do anything (no matter what she does it is all right).","reading":"もうよくなりましたから、なにをしてもかまわないそうです。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"become"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"かまわ","gloss":"mind"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.04","source":"あなたは 東京の ような 所は きらいだそうですね。","translation":"I understand you dislike a place like Tokyo, isn’t that so?","reading":"あなたはとうきょうのようなところはきらいだそうですね。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"東京","gloss":"Tokyo","reading":"とうきょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"like"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"所","gloss":"place","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きらい","gloss":"dislike"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.05","source":"ええ、東京は どこへ 行っても やかましいので、好きじゃ ないんです。","translation":"Yes, since Tokyo is noisy, no matter where I go, I don’t like it.","reading":"ええ、とうきょうはどこへいってもやかましいので、すきじゃないんです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"東京","gloss":"Tokyo","reading":"とうきょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"やかましい","gloss":"noisy"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"好き","gloss":"like","reading":"すき"},{"text":"じゃ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.06","source":"この 言葉は どういういみですか。","translation":"What is the meaning of this word?","reading":"このことばはどういういみですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"word","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"called"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.07","source":"字引を 引いたのかね。","translation":"Did you look it up in a dictionary?","reading":"じびきをひいたのかね。","words":[{"text":"字引","gloss":"dictionary","reading":"じびき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"引い","gloss":"look up","reading":"ひい"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.08","source":"はい、どの字引を 見ても、そのいみは わかりませんでした。","translation":"Yes, I couldn’t understand the meaning no matter what dictionary I looked up.","reading":"はい、どのじびきをみても、そのいみはわかりませんでした。","words":[{"text":"はい、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"字引","gloss":"dictionary","reading":"じびき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"look at","reading":"み"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"even"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.09","source":"この デパートは いそがしいのですね。","translation":"This department store is busy, isn’t it?","reading":"このデパートはいそがしいのですね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"デパート","gloss":"department store"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.09.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.10","source":"ええ、この デパートは いつ来ても 人で一ぱいです。","translation":"Yes, no matter when you come to this department store, it is full of people.","reading":"ええ、このデパートはいつきてもひとでいっぱいです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"デパート","gloss":"department store"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いつ","gloss":"whenever"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"一ぱい","gloss":"full","reading":"いっぱい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.10.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.11","source":"どうしても この ラジオが ほしいのですか。","translation":"Do you want this radio by all means?","reading":"どうしてもこのラジオがほしいのですか。","words":[{"text":"どう","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"し","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"て","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"も","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"ラジオ","gloss":"radio"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ほしい","gloss":"want"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.11.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L072.gp2.12","source":"ええ、いくら 高くても、そのラジオが 買いたいのです。","translation":"Yes, I want to buy that radio no matter how expensive it may be.","reading":"ええ、いくらたかくても、そのラジオがかいたいのです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"however much"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"even"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"ラジオ","gloss":"radio"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.gp2.12.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"な","gloss":"I wish, I hope, huh"},{"word":"きらい","gloss":"dislike (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"やかましい","gloss":"noisy"},{"word":"好き","gloss":"to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"どの","gloss":"which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)"},{"word":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"word":"いつ","gloss":"when?"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"ラジオ","gloss":"radio"},{"word":"ほしい","gloss":"want, wish (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"いくら","gloss":"how much? how many?"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Phrases describing people and events · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"The phrase before the noun","paragraphs":["*これは 米国の友だちからの手紙です* means \"This is a letter from a friend in the United States.\" *米国の友だちからの* describes *手紙*.","The *の* after a particle phrase also links *日本へ行ってから* with *計画*, and *先生と田村さんと* with *会話*."]}],"lines":[{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.m1","source":"あの生徒は 家での勉強が足らないようです。","translation":"That student does not seem to study enough at home.","reading":"あのせいとはいえでのべんきょうがたらないようです。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"足ら","gloss":"enough","reading":"たら"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.01","source":"これは 米国の友だちからの手紙です。","translation":"This is a letter from a friend in the United States.","reading":"これはべいこくのともだちからのてがみです。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"米国","gloss":"United States","reading":"べいこく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"in"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.02","source":"あなたは 田中さんとの 約束を わすれましたか。","translation":"Did you forget your appointment with Mr. Tanaka?","reading":"あなたはたなかさんとのやくそくをわすれましたか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"約束","gloss":"appointment","reading":"やくそく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"わすれ","gloss":"forget"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.03","source":"家での子供の教育は大変大切なものです。","translation":"Children’s education at home is very important.","reading":"いえでのこどものきょういくはたいへんたいせつなものです。","words":[{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"教育","gloss":"education","reading":"きょういく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大変","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"な","gloss":"linking"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.04","source":"スミスさんへの手紙は もう着いたでしょうか。","translation":"I wonder if the letter to Mr. Smith has arrived yet.","reading":"スミスさんへのてがみはもうついたでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"スミス","gloss":"Smith"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"着い","gloss":"arrive","reading":"つい"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.05","source":"日本へ行ってからの 計画は どうですか。","translation":"What are your plans after you go to Japan?","reading":"にほんへいってからのけいかくはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"から","gloss":"after"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"計画","gloss":"plans","reading":"けいかく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.06","source":"二月から六月までの 気候は 大変いいです。","translation":"The climate from February through June is very pleasant.","reading":"にがつからろくがつまでのきこうはたいへんいいです。","words":[{"text":"二","gloss":"February","reading":"に"},{"text":"月","gloss":"February","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"六","gloss":"June","reading":"ろく"},{"text":"月","gloss":"June","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"気候","gloss":"climate","reading":"きこう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大変","gloss":"very","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"pleasant"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.07","source":"先生と田村さんとの 会話が わかりましたか。","translation":"Did you understand the conversation between the teacher and Mr. Tamura?","reading":"せんせいとたむらさんとのかいわがわかりましたか。","words":[{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"会話","gloss":"conversation","reading":"かいわ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.08","source":"来週からの 試験は 金曜日の午後にあります。","translation":"The examinations beginning next week will be on Friday afternoon.","reading":"らいしゅうからのしけんはきんようびのごごにあります。","words":[{"text":"来週","gloss":"next week","reading":"らいしゅう"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"試験","gloss":"examinations","reading":"しけん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"金曜","gloss":"Friday","reading":"きんよう"},{"text":"日","gloss":"Friday","reading":"び"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"午後","gloss":"afternoon","reading":"ごご"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"六","gloss":"six"},{"word":"来週","gloss":"next week"},{"word":"午後","gloss":"p.m., afternoon"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Teachers, appointments and letters · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Starting times and places","paragraphs":["*明日からの 私たちの 会話の 先生* identifies the conversation teacher starting tomorrow. The phrase *明日から* takes *の* before the noun phrase.","In *学校での子供の教いく* and *家での子供の教いく*, the phrases ending in *で* describe where the education occurs."]},{"title":"People connected with a noun","paragraphs":["*大木さんとの 約束* means \"an appointment with Mr. Oki.\" The phrase ending in *と* takes *の* before *約束*.","In *日本からの 日本人の友だちから来た 手紙*, *日本からの* describes the friend. *日本人の友だちから来た* describes the letter."]}],"lines":[{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.09","source":"先生、明日からの 私たちの 会話の 先生は どなたですか。","translation":"Teacher, who will be our conversation teacher starting tomorrow?","reading":"せんせい、あしたからのわたくしたちのかいわのせんせいはどなたですか。","words":[{"text":"先生、","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"私","gloss":"we","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"たち","gloss":"we"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"会話","gloss":"conversation","reading":"かいわ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どなた","gloss":"who"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.10","source":"山本先生です。","translation":"It will be Mr. Yamamoto.","reading":"やまもとせんせいです。","words":[{"text":"山本","gloss":"Yamamoto","reading":"やまもと"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.11","source":"学校での子供の教いくも大切ですが、家での子供の教いくも大切ですね。","translation":"Children’s education at school is important, but their education at home is important too, isn’t it?","reading":"がっこうでのこどものきょういくもたいせつですが、いえでのこどものきょういくもたいせつですね。","words":[{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"教","gloss":"education","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"education"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"教","gloss":"education","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"education"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.12","source":"そうですよ。私は 家での子供の教いくの方が もっと大切だと 思います。","translation":"That’s right. I think children’s education at home is even more important.","reading":"そうですよ。わたくしはいえでのこどものきょういくのほうがもっとたいせつだとおもいます。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"so"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"教","gloss":"education","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"いく","gloss":"education"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"side","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"もっと","gloss":"more"},{"text":"大切","gloss":"important","reading":"たいせつ"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思い","gloss":"think","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.13","source":"今晩、大木さんとの 約束を わすれないで くださいよ。","translation":"Please don’t forget your appointment with Mr. Oki tonight.","reading":"こんばん、おおきさんとのやくそくをわすれないでくださいよ。","words":[{"text":"今晩、","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"大木","gloss":"Oki","reading":"おおき"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"と","gloss":"with"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"約束","gloss":"appointment","reading":"やくそく"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"わすれ","gloss":"forget"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"で","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.14","source":"ああ、そうでしたね。私は わすれていました。何時でしたかね。","translation":"Oh, that’s right. I had forgotten. What time was it?","reading":"ああ、そうでしたね。わたくしはわすれていました。なんじでしたかね。","words":[{"text":"ああ、","gloss":"oh"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that's right"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"わすれ","gloss":"had forgotten"},{"text":"て","gloss":"had forgotten"},{"text":"い","gloss":"had forgotten"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"had forgotten"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"had forgotten"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what time","reading":"なん"},{"text":"時","gloss":"what time","reading":"じ"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か","gloss":"question"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"I wonder"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.15","source":"七時半です。","translation":"Seven thirty.","reading":"しちじはんです。","words":[{"text":"七","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"時","gloss":"o'clock"},{"text":"半","gloss":"half"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.16","source":"これは 日本からの 日本人の友だちから来た 手紙ですが、日本語で書いてあって、よく わからない所が ありますから、読んでくださいませんか。","translation":"This is a letter from a Japanese friend in Japan, but it is written in Japanese and there are some parts I do not understand well, so would you please read it?","reading":"これはにほんからのにほんじんのともだちからきたてがみですが、にほんごでかいてあって、よくわからないところがありますから、よんでくださいませんか。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"書い","gloss":"written","reading":"かい"},{"text":"て","gloss":"written"},{"text":"あっ","gloss":"is"},{"text":"て、","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"well"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"所","gloss":"parts","reading":"ところ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"読ん","gloss":"read","reading":"よん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"read"},{"text":"ください","gloss":"please"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.16.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.17","source":"君は 日本語の生徒で、これが読めないのか。どこが わからないんだ。","translation":"You are a student of Japanese, and you cannot read this? What part do you not understand?","reading":"きみはにほんごのせいとで、これがよめないのか。どこがわからないんだ。","words":[{"text":"君","gloss":"you","reading":"きみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"are"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"what part"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わから","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だ。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.17.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"もっと","gloss":"more (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ください","gloss":"please give me (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ああ、","gloss":"Oh, yes"},{"word":"時","gloss":"time"},{"word":"七","gloss":"seven"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"From here and as far as · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"A phrase or a clause","paragraphs":["*八月ごろからの モンテレーの天気* uses *の* after *八月ごろから* because the phrase describes *天気*.","In *ここから 見た ながめ*, the phrase ends with the verb *見た*. It describes *ながめ* without adding *の*.","Both *日本の 友だちから来た 手紙* and *日本の 友だちへ 出した 手紙* end their modifying clause with a verb."]}],"lines":[{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.18","source":"八月ごろからの モンテレーの天気は ひじょうに よいそうですね。","translation":"I understand that the weather in Monterey is very pleasant from around August on.","reading":"はちがつごろからのモンテレーのてんきはひじょうによいそうですね。","words":[{"text":"八","gloss":"August","reading":"はち"},{"text":"月","gloss":"August","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"ごろ","gloss":"around"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ひじょう","gloss":"very"},{"text":"に","gloss":"very"},{"text":"よい","gloss":"pleasant"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I understand"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.18.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.19","source":"ええ、そうです。八月ごろに なると、きりが あまりなく、天気が よく なります。","translation":"Yes, it is. Around August there is not much fog, and the weather gets better.","reading":"ええ、そうです。はちがつごろになると、きりがあまりなく、てんきがよくなります。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"that's right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"八","gloss":"August","reading":"はち"},{"text":"月","gloss":"August","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"ごろ","gloss":"around"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"becomes"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"きり","gloss":"fog"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"not much"},{"text":"なく、","gloss":"without"},{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"becomes"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.20","source":"ここから 見た ながめは とてもきれいです。","translation":"The view from here is very beautiful.","reading":"ここからみたながめはとてもきれいです。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"見","gloss":"seen","reading":"み"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very"},{"text":"きれい","gloss":"beautiful"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.20.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.21","source":"日本の 友だちから来た 手紙は 読めませんでした。","translation":"I could not read the letter from my friend in Japan.","reading":"にほんのともだちからきたてがみはよめませんでした。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"読め","gloss":"could read","reading":"よめ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.22","source":"日本の 友だちへ 出した 手紙は まだ 着きません。","translation":"The letter I sent to my friend in Japan has not arrived yet.","reading":"にほんのともだちへだしたてがみはまだつきません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"友だち","gloss":"friend","reading":"ともだち"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出し","gloss":"sent","reading":"だし"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"手紙","gloss":"letter","reading":"てがみ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"着き","gloss":"arrived","reading":"つき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.23","source":"私は 学校まで 運転することが 出来ます。","translation":"I can drive as far as the school.","reading":"わたくしはがっこうまでうんてんすることができます。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"as far as"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"drive","reading":"うんてん"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"こと","gloss":"act"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt1.24","source":"あの生徒は 家で 勉強するのが 足りません。","translation":"That student does not study enough at home.","reading":"あのせいとはいえでべんきょうするのがたりません。","words":[{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"生徒","gloss":"student","reading":"せいと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家","gloss":"home","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"の","gloss":"amount"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"足り","gloss":"enough","reading":"たり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt1.24.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"八","gloss":"eight"},{"word":"モンテレー","gloss":"Monterey"},{"word":"天気","gloss":"weather"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"きり","gloss":"fog"},{"word":"とても","gloss":"very, indeed"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"No matter who, what or where · Pattern 2 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Every place and every thing","paragraphs":["*何を 食べても おいしいです* means \"Everything I eat is delicious.\" The *何を* plus TE-form and *も* covers every possible thing eaten.","*東京は どこへ行っても やかましいです* applies the same pattern to every place in Tokyo."]},{"title":"Every time and degree","paragraphs":["*いつこのデパートに来ても、人で一ぱいです* says the department store is full whenever the speaker comes.","*どんなにあつくても* means \"no matter how hot it is.\" The result holds at every degree of heat."]}],"lines":[{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.m1","source":"何を 食べても おいしいです。","translation":"Everything I eat is delicious.","reading":"なにをたべてもおいしいです。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"おいしい","gloss":"delicious"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.01","source":"東京は どこへ行っても やかましいです。","translation":"No matter where you go in Tokyo, it is noisy.","reading":"とうきょうはどこへいってもやかましいです。","words":[{"text":"東京","gloss":"Tokyo","reading":"とうきょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"anywhere"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"やかましい","gloss":"noisy"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.02","source":"病気は よくなりましたから、何をしてもかまいません。","translation":"My illness has gotten better, so I may do anything I like.","reading":"びょうきはよくなりましたから、なにをしてもかまいません。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"became"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"became"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"do"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"かまい","gloss":"mind"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.03","source":"どの字引を見ても この言葉のいみがわかりません。","translation":"No matter which dictionary I look in, I cannot find the meaning of this word.","reading":"どのじびきをみてもこのことばのいみがわかりません。","words":[{"text":"どの","gloss":"whichever"},{"text":"字引","gloss":"dictionary","reading":"じびき"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見","gloss":"look","reading":"み"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"word","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.04","source":"いつこのデパートに来ても、人で一ぱいです。","translation":"Whenever I come to this department store, it is full of people.","reading":"いつこのデパートにきても、ひとでいっぱいです。","words":[{"text":"いつ","gloss":"whenever"},{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"デパート","gloss":"department store"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"whenever"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"whenever"},{"text":"人","gloss":"people","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"一ぱい","gloss":"full","reading":"いっぱい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.05","source":"病気がよくなかったから、もう何を食べてもかまわない。","translation":"My illness was not getting better, so now I do not mind what I eat.","reading":"びょうきがよくなかったから、もうなにをたべてもかまわない。","words":[{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"better"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"was not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"now"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"かまわ","gloss":"do not mind"},{"text":"ない。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.06","source":"いくら高くても これが買いたいのです。","translation":"No matter how expensive it is, I want to buy this.","reading":"いくらたかくてもこれがかいたいのです。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買い","gloss":"buy","reading":"かい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.07","source":"どんなにあつくても、あの人は うわぎを着ています。","translation":"No matter how hot it is, that man wears a jacket.","reading":"どんなにあつくても、あのひとはうわぎをきています。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"に","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"あつく","gloss":"hot"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も、","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あの","gloss":"that"},{"text":"人","gloss":"man","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"うわ","gloss":"jacket"},{"text":"ぎ","gloss":"jacket"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"着","gloss":"wears","reading":"き"},{"text":"て","gloss":"wears"},{"text":"い","gloss":"wears"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"wears"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.07.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.08","source":"私は どうしても 日本へ行きたいと 思っています。","translation":"I am determined to go to Japan.","reading":"わたくしはどうしてもにほんへいきたいとおもっています。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"し","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"て","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"も","gloss":"by all means"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am determined","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am determined"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am determined"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"am determined"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"おいしい","gloss":"tasty, delicious"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"No matter how much · Pattern 2 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Regardless of degree","paragraphs":["*どんなに 天気が悪くても 行くのですか* asks whether the trip happens no matter how bad the weather is.","*いくら高くても それを 買うつもりです* says the intention to buy remains at any price."]},{"title":"Repeated effort with the same result","paragraphs":["*いくら待っても 来なかった* means that he did not come despite repeated waiting.","In *いくら勉強しても 言葉が おぼえられません*, more study does not change the result. *いくら* with the TE-form and *も* covers repeated effort."]}],"lines":[{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.09","source":"明日のピクニックの事ですが、どんなに 天気が悪くても 行くのですか。","translation":"About tomorrow’s picnic, are you going no matter how bad the weather is?","reading":"あしたのピクニックのことですが、どんなにてんきがわるくてもいくのですか。","words":[{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ピクニック","gloss":"picnic"},{"text":"の","gloss":"about"},{"text":"事","gloss":"matter","reading":"こと"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"に","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"悪く","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.10","source":"ええ、雨さえ降らなければ 行く事にしています。","translation":"Yes, we have decided to go as long as it does not rain.","reading":"ええ、あめさえふらなければいくことにしています。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"さえ","gloss":"as long as"},{"text":"降ら","gloss":"does not fall","reading":"ふら"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"does not fall"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"事","gloss":"decision","reading":"こと"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"し","gloss":"have decided"},{"text":"て","gloss":"have decided"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have decided"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have decided"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.11","source":"私は このごろ 何を 食べても おいしくないのですが、病気でしょうか。","translation":"Lately, nothing I eat tastes good. Could I be sick?","reading":"わたくしはこのごろなにをたべてもおいしくないのですが、びょうきでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"lately"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"おいしく","gloss":"tasty"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sick","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.12","source":"た分 かぜを 引いたんでしょう。","translation":"You have probably caught a cold.","reading":"たぶんかぜをひいたんでしょう。","words":[{"text":"た","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"分","gloss":"probably","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"引い","gloss":"caught","reading":"ひい"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.13","source":"今晩 田村さんは 来ませんでしたか。","translation":"Didn’t Mr. Tamura come tonight?","reading":"こんばんたむらさんはきませんでしたか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"tonight","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"田村","gloss":"Tamura","reading":"たむら"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でし","gloss":"was"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.13.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.14","source":"いくら待っても 来なかったから、先に来ました。","translation":"I waited and waited, but he did not come, so I came on ahead.","reading":"いくらまってもこなかったから、さきにきました。","words":[{"text":"いくら","gloss":"no matter how much"},{"text":"待っ","gloss":"waited","reading":"まっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"waited"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"こ"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"did not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"先","gloss":"ahead","reading":"さき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"ahead"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"came"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.15","source":"この切手は ずい分 古いから 高いですが、買うのですか。","translation":"This stamp is quite old, so it is expensive, but are you going to buy it?","reading":"このきってはずいぶんふるいからたかいですが、かうのですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"stamp","reading":"きって"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ずい分","gloss":"quite","reading":"ずいぶん"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.15.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.16","source":"ええ、いくら高くても それを 買うつもりです。","translation":"Yes, I intend to buy it no matter how expensive it is.","reading":"ええ、いくらたかくてもそれをかうつもりです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"no matter how"},{"text":"高く","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"つもり","gloss":"intend"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.17","source":"先生、私は いくら勉強しても 言葉が おぼえられません。","translation":"Teacher, no matter how much I study, I cannot remember the words.","reading":"せんせい、わたくしはいくらべんきょうしてもことばがおぼえられません。","words":[{"text":"先生、","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いくら","gloss":"no matter how much"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"言葉","gloss":"words","reading":"ことば"},{"text":"が","gloss":"object"},{"text":"おぼえ","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"can"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.17.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"},{"word":"分","gloss":"minute"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"},{"word":"ずい分","gloss":"very much"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"買う","gloss":"to buy"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Conditions and likely results · Pattern 2 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Even if the weather is bad","paragraphs":["*天気が悪くても 行きますか* means \"Will you go even if the weather is bad?\" The TE-form *悪くて* plus *も* marks the unfavorable condition.","The action in the main clause can still hold under that condition."]}],"lines":[{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.18","source":"た分 勉強の仕方が 悪いんだろう。","translation":"Your way of studying is probably not very good.","reading":"たぶんべんきょうのしかたがわるいんだろう。","words":[{"text":"た","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"分","gloss":"probably","reading":"ぶん"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"studying","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"仕方","gloss":"method","reading":"しかた"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"悪い","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるい"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"だろう。","gloss":"probably is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.19","source":"この品物は 高いですが、買うのですか。","translation":"This item is expensive, but are you going to buy it?","reading":"このしなものはたかいですが、かうのですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"品物","gloss":"item","reading":"しなもの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"高い","gloss":"expensive","reading":"たかい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"買う","gloss":"buy","reading":"かう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.20","source":"あなたのように 沢山 食べれば ふとるでしょう。","translation":"If I ate as much as you do, I would probably get fat.","reading":"あなたのようにたくさんたべればふとるでしょう。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"same way"},{"text":"に","gloss":"as"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"a lot","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"食べれ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ふとる","gloss":"get fat"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.20.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.21","source":"それは みがけば、きれいに なるでしょう。","translation":"If you polish it, it will probably become clean.","reading":"それはみがけば、きれいになるでしょう。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"it"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"みがけ","gloss":"polish"},{"text":"ば、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"きれい","gloss":"clean"},{"text":"に","gloss":"into"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.21.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.22","source":"大きい声で 話せば 聞こえるでしょう。","translation":"If you speak in a loud voice, they will probably hear you.","reading":"おおきいこえではなせばきこえるでしょう。","words":[{"text":"大きい","gloss":"loud","reading":"おおきい"},{"text":"声","gloss":"voice","reading":"こえ"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"話せ","gloss":"speak","reading":"はなせ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"聞こえる","gloss":"can hear","reading":"きこえる"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.22.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.23","source":"気をつければ 間違いを しないでしょう。","translation":"If you are careful, you probably will not make mistakes.","reading":"きをつければまちがいをしないでしょう。","words":[{"text":"気","gloss":"care","reading":"き"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"つけれ","gloss":"take"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"間違い","gloss":"mistakes","reading":"まちがい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"し","gloss":"make"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.23.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L072.pt2.24","source":"天気が悪くても 行きますか。","translation":"Will you go even if the weather is bad?","reading":"てんきがわるくてもいきますか。","words":[{"text":"天気","gloss":"weather","reading":"てんき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"悪く","gloss":"bad","reading":"わるく"},{"text":"て","gloss":"even if"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.pt2.24.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"品物","gloss":"goods, merchandise"},{"word":"ふとる","gloss":"to become stout (v.i.)"},{"word":"声","gloss":"voice"},{"word":"聞こえる","gloss":"to be audible, can hear (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Questions about coastal routes · Reading Selection 1 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"The coastal route in questions","paragraphs":["The questions trace the drive from Kamakura and Zushi through Enoshima, National Highway 1, Hakone, and Lake Ashi toward Atami.","*逗子、鎌倉から 江の島にかけての けしきは どうですか* asks about the scenery from Zushi and Kamakura to Enoshima.","The *の* after *江の島にかけて* links that route phrase to *けしき*. Answers name a place, route, or feature from the drive."]}],"lines":[{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.001","source":"鎌倉から 海岸に そって 西の方に ドライブすると 海岸のけしきは どんなですか。","translation":"What is the coastal scenery like when you drive west from Kamakura along the coast?","reading":"かまくらからかいがんにそってにしのほうにドライブするとかいがんのけしきはどんなですか。","words":[{"text":"鎌倉","gloss":"Kamakura","reading":"かまくら"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coast","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"along"},{"text":"そっ","gloss":"along"},{"text":"て","gloss":"along"},{"text":"西","gloss":"west","reading":"にし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"方","gloss":"direction","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"ドライブ","gloss":"drive"},{"text":"する","gloss":"do"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coast","reading":"かいがん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what like"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.002","source":"逗子、鎌倉から 江の島にかけての けしきは どうですか。","translation":"How is the scenery from Zushi and Kamakura over to Enoshima?","reading":"ずし、かまくらからえのしまにかけてのけしきはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"逗子、","gloss":"Zushi","reading":"ずし"},{"text":"鎌倉","gloss":"Kamakura","reading":"かまくら"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"江の島","gloss":"Enoshima"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かけ","gloss":"extending"},{"text":"て","gloss":"extending"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.003","source":"どこから 国道一号線に 出ますか。","translation":"Where do you get onto National Route 1?","reading":"どこからこくどういちごうせんにでますか。","words":[{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"国道","gloss":"National Route 1","reading":"こくどう"},{"text":"一","gloss":"National Route 1","reading":"いち"},{"text":"号","gloss":"National Route 1","reading":"ごう"},{"text":"線","gloss":"National Route 1","reading":"せん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"onto"},{"text":"出","gloss":"get onto","reading":"で"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.004","source":"どの あたりから 道が けわしくなって 来ますか。","translation":"Around where does the road begin to get steep?","reading":"どのあたりからみちがけわしくなってきますか。","words":[{"text":"どの","gloss":"which"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"道","gloss":"road","reading":"みち"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"けわしく","gloss":"steep"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"begins becoming"},{"text":"て","gloss":"begins becoming"},{"text":"来","gloss":"begins becoming","reading":"き"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.005","source":"このあたりには 何が 多いですか。","translation":"What is plentiful around here?","reading":"このあたりにはなにがおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"plentiful","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.006","source":"芦の湖は どこに ありますか。","translation":"Where is Lake Ashi?","reading":"あしのこはどこにありますか。","words":[{"text":"芦","gloss":"Lake Ashi","reading":"あし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"湖","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.007","source":"箱根から 熱海へ 行くのに、どこを 通らなければ なりませんか。","translation":"Where must you pass through to go from Hakone to Atami?","reading":"はこねからあたみへいくのに、どこをとおらなければなりませんか。","words":[{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone","reading":"はこね"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"熱海","gloss":"Atami","reading":"あたみ"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"in order"},{"text":"に、","gloss":"to"},{"text":"どこ","gloss":"where"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"通ら","gloss":"pass through","reading":"とおら"},{"text":"なけれ","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"なり","gloss":"must"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Questions about signs and roads · Reading Selection 2 of 2","teaching":[{"title":"Views, roads, and sign colors","paragraphs":["The questions ask about the view from Jukkoku Pass, local roads, and the colors that identify road signs.","*十国とうげからの ながめは どんなですか* asks what the view from Jukkoku Pass is like. The *の* links *十国とうげから* to *ながめ*.","Other answers identify the meaning of a red square or black markings on a yellow background."]}],"lines":[{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.008","source":"十国とうげからの ながめは どんなですか。","translation":"What is the view from Jukkoku Pass like?","reading":"じっこくとうげからのながめはどんなですか。","words":[{"text":"十","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"国","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what like"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.009","source":"この あたりの 道路は どんなですか。","translation":"What are the roads around here like?","reading":"このあたりのどうろはどんなですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"あたり","gloss":"area"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"roads","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what like"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.010","source":"一つ 困る事は 何ですか。","translation":"What is one troublesome thing?","reading":"ひとつこまることはなんですか。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"困る","gloss":"troublesome","reading":"こまる"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.011","source":"道路ひょうしきは 色を見れば 大体わかりますか。","translation":"Can you tell roughly what the road signs mean by looking at their colors?","reading":"どうろひょうしきはいろをみればだいたいわかりますか。","words":[{"text":"道路","gloss":"road signs","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"road signs"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"色","gloss":"colors","reading":"いろ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見れ","gloss":"look","reading":"みれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"大体","gloss":"roughly","reading":"だいたい"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.012","source":"赤色の 四角のあるのは 何のひょうしきですか。","translation":"What kind of sign is the one with a red square?","reading":"あかいろのしかくのあるのはなんのひょうしきですか。","words":[{"text":"赤色","gloss":"red","reading":"あかいろ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"四角","gloss":"square","reading":"しかく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"has"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"kind of"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"sign"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L072.rd.013","source":"きいろの バックに 黒いのは どんなひょうしきですか。","translation":"What kind of sign has black on a yellow background?","reading":"きいろのバックにくろいのはどんなひょうしきですか。","words":[{"text":"きいろ","gloss":"yellow"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"バック","gloss":"background"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"黒い","gloss":"black","reading":"くろい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"sign"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.rd.013.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Scenic routes and sign colors · Questions","teaching":[{"title":"A route and its road signs","paragraphs":["The passage follows a return from Hakone through Jukkoku Pass and Atami to Odawara, then explains road-sign colors.","*みどりは* means \"What about green?\" An answer names parking, construction, and crosswalks.","*青色のは* means \"What about the blue ones?\" An answer names speed and one-way traffic."]}],"lines":[{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L072.q.001","source":"多いから、旅館にでも とまって ゆっくり おんせんにでも はいって 行くと いいです。よく日 大湧谷の方へ 行って 芦の湖の けしきを ながめながら 箱根町に 出るのです。もし、ひまが あれば 帰りは 箱根から 十国とうげを こえて 熱海に 行き、そこから 海岸の 道を 通って 小田原に 帰るのですが、十国とうげからの ながめは 実に すばらしいものです。道路は 大抵 ほそう道路ですから 運転も らくです。一つ 困る事は 道路ひょうしきの 多い事です。ですから、運転しながら いちいち 見る ひまは ないのです。しかし、","translation":"Since there is so much to see, it would be good to stay at an inn and take a leisurely dip in a hot spring.\nThe next day, you go toward Owakudani and come out at Hakone-machi while looking at the scenery of Lake Ashi.\nIf you have time, on the way back you go from Hakone over Jukkoku Pass to Atami, and from there return to Odawara by the coastal road, but the view from Jukkoku Pass is truly magnificent.\nMost of the roads are paved, so driving is easy too.\nOne troublesome thing is that there are so many road signs.\nTherefore, while driving, there is no time to look at every one of them.\nHowever,","reading":"おおいから、りょかんにでもとまってゆっくりおんせんにでもはいっていくといいです。よくじつおおわきだにのほうへいってあしのこのけしきをながめながらはこねまちにでるのです。もし、ひまがあればかえりははこねからじっこくとうげをこえてあたみにいき、そこからかいがんのみちをとおっておだわらにかえるのですが、じっこくとうげからのながめはじつにすばらしいものです。どうろはたいていほそうどうろですからうんてんもらくです。ひとつこまることはどうろひょうしきのおおいことです。ですから、うんてんしながらいちいちみるひまはないのです。しかし、","words":[{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"旅館","gloss":"inn","reading":"りょかん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"as an option"},{"text":"とまっ","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"て","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"ゆっくり","gloss":"leisurely"},{"text":"おんせん","gloss":"hot spring"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"as an option"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"take a dip"},{"text":"って","gloss":"take a dip"},{"text":"行く","gloss":"go","reading":"いく"},{"text":"と","gloss":"if"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"next day"},{"text":"日","gloss":"next day"},{"text":"大","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"湧","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"谷","gloss":"Owakudani"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"方","gloss":"direction","reading":"ほう"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"go"},{"text":"芦","gloss":"Lake Ashi","reading":"あし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"湖","gloss":"Lake Ashi"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"けしき","gloss":"scenery"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"look at"},{"text":"ながら","gloss":"while"},{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone-machi"},{"text":"町","gloss":"Hakone-machi"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"出る","gloss":"come out"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"もし、","gloss":"if"},{"text":"ひま","gloss":"time"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あれ","gloss":"have"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"帰り","gloss":"return trip"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"箱根","gloss":"Hakone"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"十","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"国","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"こえ","gloss":"cross"},{"text":"て","gloss":"cross"},{"text":"熱海","gloss":"Atami"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行き、","gloss":"go"},{"text":"そこ","gloss":"there"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coast"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"道","gloss":"road"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"通っ","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"て","gloss":"travel"},{"text":"小田原","gloss":"Odawara"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"帰る","gloss":"return"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"十","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"国","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"Jukkoku Pass"},{"text":"から","gloss":"from"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"実","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"に","gloss":"truly"},{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"magnificent"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"one"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"roads"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大抵","gloss":"mostly"},{"text":"ほそう","gloss":"paved road"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"paved road"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"らく","gloss":"easy"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"困る","gloss":"troublesome"},{"text":"事","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"road signs"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"road signs"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many"},{"text":"事","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"です","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"運転","gloss":"driving"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ながら","gloss":"while"},{"text":"いちいち","gloss":"every one"},{"text":"見る","gloss":"look at"},{"text":"ひま","gloss":"time"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"no"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.q.001.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L072.q.002","source":"ひょうしきの 色を 見れば 大体 わかります。赤色の 四角の あるのは きけんと 言う いみの ひょうしきです。そして きいろの バックに 黒いのが 右おれとか、こうさてんとか、ふみきりとか、道路に かんするものです。みどりは ちゅう車場、工事中、おうだん歩道 などで、青色のは 速度、一方通行 などに かんするものです。","translation":"You can tell roughly what the signs mean by looking at their colors.\nA sign with a red square means danger.\nBlack on a yellow background is for things concerning the road, such as right turns, intersections, and railroad crossings.\nGreen is for parking lots, construction, crosswalks, and so forth, while blue is for things concerning speed, one-way traffic, and so forth.","reading":"ひょうしきのいろをみればだいたいわかります。あかいろのしかくのあるのはきけんといういみのひょうしきです。そしてきいろのバックにくろいのがみぎおれとか、こうさてんとか、ふみきりとか、どうろにかんするものです。みどりはちゅうしゃじょう、こうじちゅう、おうだんほどうなどで、あおいろのはそくど、いっぽうつうこうなどにかんするものです。","words":[{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"signs"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"色","gloss":"colors","reading":"いろ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"見れ","gloss":"look","reading":"みれ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"大体","gloss":"roughly","reading":"だいたい"},{"text":"わかり","gloss":"understand"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"赤色","gloss":"red","reading":"あかいろ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"四角","gloss":"square","reading":"しかく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"has"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"きけん","gloss":"danger"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いみ","gloss":"meaning"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ひょうしき","gloss":"sign"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"そして","gloss":"and"},{"text":"きいろ","gloss":"yellow"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"バック","gloss":"background"},{"text":"に","gloss":"on"},{"text":"黒い","gloss":"black","reading":"くろい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"one"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"右","gloss":"right turn","reading":"みぎ"},{"text":"おれ","gloss":"right turn"},{"text":"と","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"さて","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"intersection"},{"text":"と","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"ふみきり","gloss":"railroad crossing"},{"text":"と","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"か、","gloss":"such as"},{"text":"道路","gloss":"roads","reading":"どうろ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かんする","gloss":"concerning"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"things"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"},{"text":"みどり","gloss":"green"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ちゅう車","gloss":"parking lot"},{"text":"場、","gloss":"parking lot"},{"text":"工事","gloss":"under construction"},{"text":"中、","gloss":"under construction"},{"text":"おうだん","gloss":"crosswalk"},{"text":"歩道","gloss":"crosswalk"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"is for"},{"text":"青色","gloss":"blue"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"は","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"速度、","gloss":"speed"},{"text":"一方","gloss":"one-way traffic"},{"text":"通行","gloss":"one-way traffic"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"かんする","gloss":"concerning"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"things"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.q.002.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L072.q.003","source":"みどりは。","translation":"What about green?","reading":"みどりは。","words":[{"text":"みどり","gloss":"green"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.q.003.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L072.q.004","source":"青色のは。","translation":"What about the blue ones?","reading":"あおいろのは。","words":[{"text":"青色","gloss":"blue","reading":"あおいろ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.q.004.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ゆっくり","gloss":"slowly; deliberately; leisurely"},{"word":"おんせん","gloss":"hot spring"},{"word":"もし、","gloss":"if"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"言う","gloss":"to say"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Coasts, roads and highways · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"From the coast to the highway","paragraphs":["The words cover a family drive and its roads. *海岸* means \"coast\" or \"shore,\" and *ドライブする* means \"to drive.\"","Road terms distinguish *道路*, \"road\" or \"highway,\" from *有料道路*, \"toll highway,\" and *国道*, \"national highway.\"","*一号* means \"number one\" in the numbered highway."]}],"lines":[{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.001","source":"家族づれ","translation":"accompanied by family","reading":"かぞくづれ","words":[{"text":"家族づれ","gloss":"with family","reading":"かぞくづれ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.001.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.002","source":"（に）よる","translation":"drop in, visit (vi), stop by","reading":"（に）よる","words":[{"text":"（に）よる","gloss":"stop by"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.002.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.003","source":"海岸","translation":"coast, shore","reading":"かいがん","words":[{"text":"海岸","gloss":"coast","reading":"かいがん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.003.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.004","source":"ドライブする","translation":"to drive","reading":"ドライブする","words":[{"text":"ドライブする","gloss":"drive"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.004.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.005","source":"かくべつ","translation":"specially good","reading":"かくべつ","words":[{"text":"かくべつ","gloss":"specially good"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.005.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.006","source":"道路","translation":"roads, highway","reading":"どうろ","words":[{"text":"道路","gloss":"road","reading":"どうろ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.006.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.007","source":"有料道路","translation":"toll highway","reading":"ゆうりょうどうろ","words":[{"text":"有料道路","gloss":"toll highway","reading":"ゆうりょうどうろ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.007.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.008","source":"ほそうした","translation":"paved","reading":"ほそうした","words":[{"text":"ほそうした","gloss":"paved"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.008.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.009","source":"ほそう（する）","translation":"pavement, (to pave)","reading":"ほそう（する）","words":[{"text":"ほそう（する）","gloss":"pavement; pave"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.009.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.010","source":"国道","translation":"national highway","reading":"こくどう","words":[{"text":"国道","gloss":"national highway","reading":"こくどう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.010.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.011","source":"一号","translation":"number one (see notes)","reading":"いちごう","words":[{"text":"一号","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちごう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.011.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"家族づれ","gloss":"accompanied by family\n(See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"（に）よる","gloss":"drop in, visit (vi), stop by"},{"word":"ドライブする","gloss":"to drive"},{"word":"有料道路","gloss":"toll highway"},{"word":"ほそうした","gloss":"paved"},{"word":"ほそう（する）","gloss":"pavement, (to pave)"},{"word":"一号","gloss":"number one (see notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Inns, lakes and plans · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"The mountain stop","paragraphs":["The words move from steep roads to an overnight stop. *けわしい* means \"steep,\" while *旅館* means \"inn.\"","*芦の湖* is Lake Ashi, and *ホテル* means \"hotel.\" These words name the lake and places to stay.","*計画（する）* means \"plan\" or \"to plan,\" and *よく日* means \"the next day.\"","*ながめながら* means \"as you view.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.012","source":"国道一号線","translation":"National Highway 1","reading":"こくどういちごうせん","words":[{"text":"国道一号線","gloss":"National Highway 1","reading":"こくどういちごうせん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.012.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.013","source":"過ぎる","translation":"pass (vi)","reading":"すぎる","words":[{"text":"過ぎる","gloss":"pass","reading":"すぎる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.013.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.014","source":"けわしい","translation":"steep, sheer, precipitous","reading":"けわしい","words":[{"text":"けわしい","gloss":"steep"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.014.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.015","source":"道路ひょうしき","translation":"road sign","reading":"どうろひょうしき","words":[{"text":"道路ひょうしき","gloss":"road sign","reading":"どうろひょうしき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.015.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.016","source":"旅館","translation":"inn","reading":"りょかん","words":[{"text":"旅館","gloss":"inn","reading":"りょかん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.016.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.017","source":"芦の湖","translation":"Lake Ashi(no ko) (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"あしのこ","words":[{"text":"芦の湖","gloss":"Lake Ashi","reading":"あしのこ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.017.m4a"},{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.018","source":"めんしてる","translation":"faces, facing","reading":"めんしてる","words":[{"text":"めんしてる","gloss":"facing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.018.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.019","source":"ホテル","translation":"hotel","reading":"ホテル","words":[{"text":"ホテル","gloss":"hotel"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.019.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.020","source":"計画（する）","translation":"plan, (to plan)","reading":"けいかく（する）","words":[{"text":"計画（する）","gloss":"plan","reading":"けいかく（する）"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.020.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.021","source":"よく日","translation":"the following day (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"よくじつ","words":[{"text":"よく日","gloss":"next day","reading":"よくじつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.021.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.022","source":"ながめながら","translation":"as you view","reading":"ながめながら","words":[{"text":"ながめながら","gloss":"while viewing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.022.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"国道一号線","gloss":"National Highway 1"},{"word":"過ぎる","gloss":"pass (vi)"},{"word":"けわしい","gloss":"steep, sheer, precipitous"},{"word":"道路ひょうしき","gloss":"road sign"},{"word":"芦の湖","gloss":"Lake Ashi(no ko) (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"めんしてる","gloss":"faces, facing"},{"word":"計画（する）","gloss":"plan, (to plan)"},{"word":"よく日","gloss":"the following day, next day"},{"word":"ながめながら","gloss":"as you view"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Views, passes and danger · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A view on the return","paragraphs":["The travel words pair *帰り*, \"return trip,\" with *とうげ*, \"mountain pass,\" and *こえる*, \"go over\" or \"pass.\"","*ながめる* means \"view\" or \"see,\" while *ながめ* is the noun \"view.\" *---からの ながめ* means \"view from ----.\"","The sign words include *四角*, \"square,\" *きけん*, \"dangerous,\" and *きいろ*, \"yellow.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.023","source":"ながめる","translation":"view, see (vt)","reading":"ながめる","words":[{"text":"ながめる","gloss":"view"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.023.m4a"},{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.024","source":"帰り","translation":"return trip (See notes)","reading":"かえり","words":[{"text":"帰り","gloss":"return trip","reading":"かえり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.024.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.025","source":"とうげ","translation":"mountain pass","reading":"とうげ","words":[{"text":"とうげ","gloss":"mountain pass"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.025.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.026","source":"こえる","translation":"go over, pass (vi)","reading":"こえる","words":[{"text":"こえる","gloss":"go over"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.026.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.027","source":"---からの ながめ","translation":"view from ----(See Gram Notes)","reading":"---からのながめ","words":[{"text":"---からのながめ","gloss":"view from"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.027.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.028","source":"ながめ","translation":"view (n)","reading":"ながめ","words":[{"text":"ながめ","gloss":"view"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.028.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.029","source":"すばらしい","translation":"splendid, great, grand","reading":"すばらしい","words":[{"text":"すばらしい","gloss":"magnificent"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.029.m4a"},{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.030","source":"一々","translation":"everyone, one by one","reading":"いちいち","words":[{"text":"一々","gloss":"one by one","reading":"いちいち"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.030.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.031","source":"四角","translation":"square","reading":"しかく","words":[{"text":"四角","gloss":"square","reading":"しかく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.031.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.032","source":"きけん","translation":"dangerous","reading":"きけん","words":[{"text":"きけん","gloss":"dangerous"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.032.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.033","source":"きいろ","translation":"yellow (capula N.)","reading":"きいろ","words":[{"text":"きいろ","gloss":"yellow"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.033.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ながめる","gloss":"view, see (vt)"},{"word":"こえる","gloss":"go over, pass (vi)"},{"word":"---からのながめ","gloss":"view from ----(See Gram Notes)"},{"word":"一々","gloss":"everyone, one by one"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Traffic signs and directions · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Signs and travel","paragraphs":["The sign words cover direction and road conditions. *右おれ* means \"right turn,\" *ふみきり* means \"railroad crossing,\" and *工事中* means \"under construction.\"","Traffic terms include *速度*, \"speed,\" and *一方通行*, \"one-way traffic.\" *---にかんする* means \"concerning.\"","*行ってらっしゃい* means \"go and return.\" *どこへ行っても* means \"no matter where one goes.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.034","source":"バック","translation":"background, back","reading":"バック","words":[{"text":"バック","gloss":"background"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.034.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.035","source":"---にかんする","translation":"concerning (vi)","reading":"---にかんする","words":[{"text":"---にかんする","gloss":"concerning"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.035.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.036","source":"右おれ","translation":"right turn","reading":"みぎおれ","words":[{"text":"右おれ","gloss":"right turn","reading":"みぎおれ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.036.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.037","source":"ふみきり","translation":"railroad crossing","reading":"ふみきり","words":[{"text":"ふみきり","gloss":"railroad crossing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.037.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.038","source":"ちゅう車場","translation":"parking place","reading":"ちゅうしゃじょう","words":[{"text":"ちゅう車場","gloss":"parking lot","reading":"ちゅうしゃじょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.038.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.039","source":"工事中","translation":"under construction","reading":"こうじちゅう","words":[{"text":"工事中","gloss":"under construction","reading":"こうじちゅう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.039.m4a"},{"number":164,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.040","source":"おうだん歩道","translation":"crosswalk","reading":"おうだんほどう","words":[{"text":"おうだん歩道","gloss":"crosswalk","reading":"おうだんほどう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.040.m4a"},{"number":165,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.041","source":"速度","translation":"speed","reading":"そくど","words":[{"text":"速度","gloss":"speed","reading":"そくど"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.041.m4a"},{"number":166,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.042","source":"一方通行","translation":"one-way traffic","reading":"いっぽうつうこう","words":[{"text":"一方通行","gloss":"one-way traffic","reading":"いっぽうつうこう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.042.m4a"},{"number":167,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.043","source":"行ってらっしゃい","translation":"abbrev. of ITTE IRASSHAI (go and return)","reading":"いってらっしゃい","words":[{"text":"行ってらっしゃい","gloss":"go and come back","reading":"いってらっしゃい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.043.m4a"},{"number":168,"id":"ja.dli.L072.w.044","source":"どこへ行っても","translation":"no matter where one goes, whereever one goes (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"どこへいっても","words":[{"text":"どこへ行っても","gloss":"wherever one goes","reading":"どこへいっても"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L072.w.044.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":11,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\nVisual Cues a Look at the maps on Page 47 and Page 48 and describe how to get to one place from another place and describe what those places are noted for.\n\nVisual Cues b Look at the road signs on Page 49 and describe what those signs represent.\n\nVisual Cues c What do the following colored road signs represent?\n\nc(1) Red\n\nc(2) Green\n\nc(3) Yellow\n\nc(4) Blue\n\nTalk about the driving trips that you have made to various places.\n\na Driving trip to Yosemite.\n\nb Driving trip to Las Vegas.\n\nc Driving trip in Japan, etc."},{"section":12,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Memorize the Dialogue and the Vocabulary.\n\n2 Study Grammar Perception Drill.\n\n3 Study Pattern Practice and do the exercises given after each pattern.\n\n4 Learn to read and write Kanji.\n\n5 Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n7 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and practice it following the instructions given."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"---にかんする","gloss":"concerning (vi)"},{"word":"右おれ","gloss":"right turn"},{"word":"ちゅう車場","gloss":"parking place"},{"word":"工事中","gloss":"under construction"},{"word":"おうだん歩道","gloss":"crosswalk"},{"word":"速度","gloss":"speed"},{"word":"一方通行","gloss":"one-way traffic"},{"word":"行ってらっしゃい","gloss":"abbrev. of ITTE IRASSHAI (go and return)"},{"word":"どこへ行っても","gloss":"no matter where one goes, whereever one goes (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]}]}