{"course":{"lang":"ja","language":"Japanese","title":"Japanese Basic Course","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja","source":"Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L086","title":"Lesson 86","stage":"Reading Japan","situation":null,"outcome":"Lesson 86: tuberculosis in japan · dialogue 1 of 4, treatment, cancer, sanitation and food poisoning · dialogue 4 of 4, saying nothing in particular · perception drill, things not easily achieved · perception drill, no particular person or thing · pattern 1 1 of 3, having no particular plans · pattern 1 2 of 3, asking about particular preferences · pattern 1 3 of 3, things not easily done · pattern 2 1 of 3, difficulty finding and obtaining things · pattern 2 2 of 3, difficulty quitting and persuading · pattern 2 3 of 3, declining infectious diseases · reading selection 1 of 3, cancer and tuberculosis · reading selection 2 of 3, infectious and childhood diseases · reading selection 3 of 3, why tuberculosis is feared · questions, tuberculosis and fear words · word list 1 of 4, disease and insurance words · word list 2 of 4, infections and vaccination words · word list 3 of 4, foodborne illness words · word list 4 of 4.","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/84","lines":163},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/83","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/ja/85","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/","sections":[{"title":"Tuberculosis in Japan · Dialogue 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"A disease that caused fear","paragraphs":["The speakers discuss why tuberculosis was feared in Japan. *日本では はいけっかくは 大変 おそれられていますね* means \"In Japan lung tuberculosis is very much feared, isn't it?\""]},{"title":"Recovery was difficult","paragraphs":["They connect weak resistance with difficult recovery. *それで 一度 けっかくに かかると 中々 なおらないんですね* means \"For that reason, once you contract tuberculosis, you won't get well easily, isn't it?\"","In this negative statement, *中々* means \"not easily.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 弱","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.001","source":"日本では はいけっかくは 大変 おそれられていますね。","translation":"In Japan lung tuberculosis is very much feared, isn’t it?","reading":"にほんでははいけっかくはたいへんおそれられていますね。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"大変","gloss":"very much","reading":"たいへん"},{"text":"おそれ","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"い","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.001.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.002","source":"そうです。日本では 家族の だれかが はいけっかくに かかると、だれも こうさいしてくれなくなるのです。","translation":"That’s right. In Japan when someone in a family contracts tuberculosis, no one will associate with that family.","reading":"そうです。にほんではかぞくのだれかがはいけっかくにかかると、だれもこうさいしてくれなくなるのです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"in"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"か","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"くに","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contracts"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"no one"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"associate"},{"text":"さいし","gloss":"associate"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"for them"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"not"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.002.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.003","source":"むかしは 東洋人には けっかくが なかったそうですね。","translation":"I understand in olden days there was no tuberculosis among the Orientals, isn’t that right?","reading":"むかしはとうようじんにはけっかくがなかったそうですね。","words":[{"text":"むかし","gloss":"olden days"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Orientals","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Orientals","reading":"じん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"among"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"did not exist"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.003.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.004","source":"そうです。けっかくきんが 東洋に 来たのは あまり 遠い むかしの 事では ありません。それで けっかくきんに 対する 抵こう力が まだ 弱いのです。","translation":"That’s right. It wasn’t very far back in the past that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient. For that reason, resistance against tuberculosis bacilli is still very weak.","reading":"そうです。けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはあまりとおいむかしのことではありません。それでけっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがまだよわいのです。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Orient","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"very"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"distant","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"むかし","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"time","reading":"こと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"で","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"に","gloss":"against"},{"text":"対する","gloss":"against"},{"text":"抵","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"力","gloss":"resistance","reading":"りょく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"弱い","gloss":"weak","reading":"よわい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.004.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.005","source":"それで 一度 けっかくに かかると 中々 なおらないんですね。","translation":"For that reason, once you contract tuberculosis, you won’t get well easily, isn’t it?","reading":"それでいちどけっかくにかかるとなかなかなおらないんですね。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"で","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"一","gloss":"once","reading":"いち"},{"text":"度","gloss":"once","reading":"ど"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"くに","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contract"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"なおら","gloss":"recover"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.005.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.006","source":"そうです。東洋人には おそろしい 病気です。しかし、近年では けっかくは 一番の いのち取りでは なくなりました。","translation":"That’s right. It’s a dreadful sickness for Orientals. However, in recent years it became such that tuberculosis is no longer the number-one killer of people.","reading":"そうです。とうようじんにはおそろしいびょうきです。しかし、きんねんではけっかくはいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりました。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"that is right"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Orientals","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Orientals","reading":"じん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"dreadful"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sickness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"いのち","gloss":"killer"},{"text":"取り","gloss":"killer","reading":"とり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なくなり","gloss":"no longer"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.006.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":1,"text":"KORE TO IU\nPreceding nouns KORE TO IU expresses an idea of ”definite”, ”particular”, ”to speak of”, etc.\n\nExamples:\n\nKORE TO IU WAKE WA ARIMASEN. ”I don’t have any particular reason.”\n\nKONO BYOOKI NIWA KORE TO IU KUSURI WA ARIMASEN. ”There is no medicine to speak of for this illness.”\n\nKORE TO IU ONNA GA IMASEN. ”I have no definite girl.”\n\nKORE TO IU KEIKAKU WA ARIMASEN. ”I have no definite plan.”"},{"section":2,"text":"NAKANAKA\nNAKANAKA meaning ”very” or ”considerably” to modify adjectives has already been introduced in Lesson 38. In this lesson NAKANAKA is used to modify negative verbs to mean ”by no means”, ”not nearly”, ”far from”, or ”not easily.”\n\nExamples:\n\nNAKANAKA TARIMASEN. ”It is not nearly enough.”\n\nANNA HITO WA NAKANAKA IMASEN. ”We can’t find that kind of a person easily.”\n\nKONO MONDAI WA NAKANAKA WAKARIMASEN. ”I can’t understand this problem by any means.”\n\nANO HITO WA NAKANAKA SHOOCHI SHIMASEN. ”He doesn’t consent easily.”"},{"section":3,"text":"B 1 GAN\nGAN is a Japanese word for cancer. Some of the common cancers are IGAN, ”stomach cancer” which is the most common cancer for Japanese men and women; NYUUGAN, ”breast cancer”; SHIKYUUGAN, ”uterine cancer”; SHOKUDOOGAN, ”cancer of the esophagus”; HIFUGAN, ”skin cancer”, etc."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"で","gloss":"--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"は","gloss":"leaves"},{"word":"ます","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"ね。","gloss":"isn't it (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"そう","gloss":"numerical counter for ships"},{"word":"です。","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"の","gloss":"See Grammar Notes"},{"word":"だれ","gloss":"who?"},{"word":"か","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"が","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"かかる","gloss":"to consult, to contract, to be attacked by"},{"word":"と、","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"むかし","gloss":"ancient, old"},{"word":"東洋","gloss":"Orient"},{"word":"人","gloss":"people"},{"word":"に","gloss":"on (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"遠い","gloss":"far"},{"word":"まだ","gloss":"yet, still"},{"word":"弱い","gloss":"weak"},{"word":"一","gloss":"one"},{"word":"中々","gloss":"considerably, very"},{"word":"おそろしい","gloss":"fearful; dreadful"},{"word":"しかし、","gloss":"however, but"},{"word":"近年","gloss":"recent years"},{"word":"一番","gloss":"number one (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Treatment, insurance and diseases · Dialogue 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Treatment and common diseases","paragraphs":["The speakers connect improved treatment with medicine and social insurance. One asks *日本には どんな 病気が 多いですか*, \"What kinds of sickness are numerous in Japan?\"","The answer names cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, and stroke."]},{"title":"The word for cancer","paragraphs":["*がん、しんぞう病、はいえん、のういっけつなどです* lists the serious diseases. Here *がん* means \"cancer.\"","Names for particular cancers can end in *GAN*. *IGAN* means \"stomach cancer,\" and *NYUUGAN* means \"breast cancer.\""]},{"title":"Kanji: 薬, 保, 険","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.007","source":"それは また どう言う 訳ですか。","translation":"What is the reason for it anyway?","reading":"それはまたどういうわけですか。","words":[{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"また","gloss":"anyway"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"what kind of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"what kind of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"訳","gloss":"reason","reading":"わけ"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.007.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.008","source":"薬が よくなった 事と 手当が よくなったためです。","translation":"It is because of the fact that the medicine and, also, the treatment improved.","reading":"くすりがよくなったこととてあてがよくなったためです。","words":[{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"fact","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と","gloss":"and"},{"text":"手当","gloss":"treatment","reading":"てあて"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ため","gloss":"because"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.008.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.009","source":"けんこう保険などの えいきょうも あるでしょうね。","translation":"I suppose there also is an influence of health insurance, don’t you think?","reading":"けんこうほけんなどのえいきょうもあるでしょうね。","words":[{"text":"けんこう","gloss":"health insurance"},{"text":"保険","gloss":"health insurance","reading":"ほけん"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"えいきょう","gloss":"influence"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"ある","gloss":"exists"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.009.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.010","source":"日本では 社会保険の せいどが かなり よくなっているので、手当も 早く するのです。","translation":"In Japan, since the social insurance system has been improved, the treatment is given quicker.","reading":"にほんではしゃかいほけんのせいどがかなりよくなっているので、てあてもはやくするのです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"社会","gloss":"social insurance","reading":"しゃかい"},{"text":"保険","gloss":"social insurance","reading":"ほけん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"せい","gloss":"system"},{"text":"ど","gloss":"system"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"かなり","gloss":"considerably"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"て","gloss":"has improved"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"has improved"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"手当","gloss":"treatment","reading":"てあて"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"早く","gloss":"quickly","reading":"はやく"},{"text":"する","gloss":"give"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.010.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.011","source":"日本には どんな 病気が 多いですか。","translation":"What kinds of sickness are numerous in Japan?","reading":"にほんにはどんなびょうきがおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds of"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sickness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"numerous","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.011.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.012","source":"がん、しんぞう病、はいえん、のういっけつなどです。","translation":"They are cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, stroke, etc.","reading":"がん、しんぞうびょう、はいえん、のういっけつなどです。","words":[{"text":"がん、","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"しんぞう","gloss":"heart disease"},{"text":"病、","gloss":"heart disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"え","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"ん、","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"のう","gloss":"stroke"},{"text":"いっけ","gloss":"stroke"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"stroke"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"言う","gloss":"to say"},{"word":"です","gloss":"to be (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"か。","gloss":"either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"よく","gloss":"well, skillfully"},{"word":"と","gloss":"and (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"手当","gloss":"medical treatment"},{"word":"けんこう","gloss":"health"},{"word":"など","gloss":"and so forth, etc."},{"word":"えいきょう","gloss":"influence"},{"word":"ある","gloss":"certain, some"},{"word":"でしょう","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"社会","gloss":"society"},{"word":"かなり","gloss":"fairly"},{"word":"いる","gloss":"to need (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"どんな","gloss":"what kind of; what sort of"},{"word":"がん、","gloss":"cancer (See Cult. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Cancer, infections and vaccination · Dialogue 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Medicine and vaccination","paragraphs":["The speakers contrast cancer with infectious childhood diseases. *がんには まだ これと言う いい 薬は ないのですね* means \"There is no medicine to speak of for cancer, is there?\"","Here *これと言う* marks a particularly good medicine, and the sentence says none exists."]},{"title":"Few deaths from childhood diseases","paragraphs":["*今では ワクチンの ちゅうしゃを やるし、そういう 病気で しぬ 子は ほとんど 居ません* says almost no children die from such diseases because vaccinations are now given."]},{"title":"Kanji: 児","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":13,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.013","source":"がんには まだ これと言う いい 薬は ないのですね。","translation":"There is no medicine to speak of for cancer, is there?","reading":"がんにはまだこれといういいくすりはないのですね。","words":[{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"と","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"to speak of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"does not exist"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.013.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.014","source":"ええ、今のところ まだ ないらしいですね。","translation":"No, it seems there is none as of now.","reading":"ええ、いまのところまだないらしいですね。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"right"},{"text":"今","gloss":"as of now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"の","gloss":"as of now"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"as of now"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.014.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.015","source":"でんせん病は 多いですか。","translation":"Are there many contagious diseases?","reading":"でんせんびょうはおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.015.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.016","source":"ここ二三年、インフルエンザや せきりが ぞうかしていますが、その外は げんしょうしています。","translation":"In the past two or three years, influenza and dysentery are on the increase, but others are on the decrease.","reading":"ここにさんねん、インフルエンザやせきりがぞうかしていますが、そのほかはげんしょうしています。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"二三","gloss":"two or three","reading":"にさん"},{"text":"年、","gloss":"years","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"インフルエンザ","gloss":"influenza"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"せ","gloss":"dysentery"},{"text":"きり","gloss":"dysentery"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ぞう","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"か","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"その","gloss":"those"},{"text":"外","gloss":"others","reading":"ほか"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"げんしょう","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are decreasing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.016.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.017","source":"小児病は。","translation":"What about diseases of children?","reading":"しょうにびょうは。","words":[{"text":"小児","gloss":"children's disease","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"病","gloss":"children's disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"は。","gloss":"topic"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.017.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.018","source":"百日ぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなど ありますが、今では ワクチンの ちゅうしゃを やるし、そういう 病気で しぬ 子は ほとんど 居ません。","translation":"There are whooping cough, diphtheria, measles, etc., but now they give vaccine injections so there are practically no children that die from such a disease.","reading":"ひゃくにちぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなどありますが、いまではワクチンのちゅうしゃをやるし、そういうびょうきでしぬこはほとんどいません。","words":[{"text":"百","gloss":"whooping cough","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"日","gloss":"whooping cough","reading":"にち"},{"text":"ぜき、","gloss":"whooping cough"},{"text":"ジフテリア、","gloss":"diphtheria"},{"text":"ハシカ","gloss":"measles"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and so forth"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccine"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ちゅうしゃ","gloss":"injections"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やる","gloss":"give"},{"text":"し、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"such"},{"text":"いう","gloss":"such"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"disease","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"from"},{"text":"しぬ","gloss":"die"},{"text":"子","gloss":"children","reading":"こ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.018.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"がん","gloss":"cancer (See Cult. Notes)"},{"word":"いい","gloss":"good (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ええ、","gloss":"Yes"},{"word":"ところ","gloss":"place (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"せん","gloss":"sen (1/100 of a yen) (See Cultural Notes)"},{"word":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"word":"年、","gloss":"year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"インフルエンザ","gloss":"influenza"},{"word":"や","gloss":"and---among others (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"きり","gloss":"fog"},{"word":"し","gloss":"city"},{"word":"百","gloss":"100"},{"word":"ジフテリア、","gloss":"diphtheria"},{"word":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccine"},{"word":"を","gloss":"particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)"},{"word":"やる","gloss":"to do"},{"word":"しぬ","gloss":"die (v.i.)"},{"word":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Sanitation and food poisoning · Dialogue 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Fewer infectious diseases","paragraphs":["The speakers discuss sanitation, infectious disease, and food. *でんせん病が 少い事は 一ぱんに えいせいが よくなったからですね* links fewer infectious diseases with improved sanitation."]},{"title":"Food poisoning in summer","paragraphs":["One speaker calls food-related illness *食あたり*, \"food poisoning.\" *特に 夏には 多い様です* says it seems especially common in summer."]},{"title":"Kanji: 係","paragraphs":["New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes."]}],"lines":[{"number":19,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.019","source":"コレラ、チフス、小児まひ病 などは ありませんか。","translation":"Don’t they have such sicknesses as cholera, typhus, and infantile paralysis?","reading":"コレラ、チフス、しょうにまひびょうなどはありませんか。","words":[{"text":"コレラ、","gloss":"cholera"},{"text":"チフス、","gloss":"typhus"},{"text":"小児","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"まひ","gloss":"infantile paralysis"},{"text":"病","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and such"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.019.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.020","source":"コレラは ないと 言っても いいですが、チフスや 小児まひ病は ありますね。二三年ほど 前には 小児まひの ワクチンが なくて 困った 事が ありました。","translation":"You may say that cholera is non-existent, but they have typhus and infantile paralysis. About two or three years ago, there was a time when they didn’t have vaccine for infantile paralysis and they were in a fix.","reading":"コレラはないといってもいいですが、チフスやしょうにまひびょうはありますね。にさんねんほどまえにはしょうにまひのワクチンがなくてこまったことがありました。","words":[{"text":"コレラ","gloss":"cholera"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"nonexistent"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"say","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"say"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"acceptable"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"チフス","gloss":"typhus"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"小児","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"まひ","gloss":"infantile paralysis"},{"text":"病","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"},{"text":"二三","gloss":"two or three","reading":"にさん"},{"text":"年","gloss":"years","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"ほど","gloss":"about"},{"text":"前","gloss":"ago","reading":"まえ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"小児","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"まひ","gloss":"infantile paralysis"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccine"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"did not have"},{"text":"て","gloss":"did not have"},{"text":"困っ","gloss":"were in trouble","reading":"こまっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"time","reading":"こと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"past"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.020.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.021","source":"でんせん病が 少い事は 一ぱんに えいせいが よくなったからですね。","translation":"The fact that the contagious diseases are few is due to the fact that sanitation in general has improved, isn’t that so?","reading":"でんせんびょうがすくないことはいっぱんにえいせいがよくなったからですね。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"少い","gloss":"few","reading":"すくない"},{"text":"事","gloss":"fact","reading":"こと"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"in general","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"ぱん","gloss":"in general"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in general"},{"text":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"から","gloss":"because"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.021.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.022","source":"そうです。そのため おそろしい 病気は しだいに なくなっています。","translation":"That’s right. Because of that, dreadful diseases are gradually disappearing.","reading":"そうです。そのためおそろしいびょうきはしだいになくなっています。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"that's right"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"その","gloss":"that"},{"text":"ため","gloss":"because"},{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"dreadful"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"diseases","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"しだい","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"に","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"なくなっ","gloss":"are disappearing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are disappearing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are disappearing"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are disappearing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.022.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.023","source":"日本には まだ れいぞうこが 少いようですが、食物関係の 病気は ないのですか。","translation":"It seems refrigerators are scarce in Japan yet, but don’t they have sickness related to food?","reading":"にほんにはまだれいぞうこがすくないようですが、しょくもつかんけいのびょうきはないのですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"れいぞう","gloss":"refrigerator"},{"text":"こ","gloss":"refrigerator"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"少い","gloss":"scarce","reading":"すくない"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"食物","gloss":"food","reading":"しょくもつ"},{"text":"関係","gloss":"related","reading":"かんけい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"to"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sickness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"none"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.023.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"ja.dli.L086.dlg.024","source":"あります。食あたりと 言っていますが、これが かなり 多いです。特に 夏には 多い様です。","translation":"Yes, they have. They call if food poisoning, but it seems they have a lot of this sickness. They have many cases, especially in the summer, it seems.","reading":"あります。しょくあたりといっていますが、これがかなりおおいです。とくになつにはおおいようです。","words":[{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"食あたり","gloss":"food poisoning","reading":"しょくあたり"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言っ","gloss":"call","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"call"},{"text":"い","gloss":"call"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"call"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"かなり","gloss":"quite"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"common","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"特に","gloss":"especially","reading":"とくに"},{"text":"夏","gloss":"summer","reading":"なつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"common","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"様","gloss":"seems","reading":"よう"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.dlg.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"コレラ、","gloss":"cholera"},{"word":"チフス、","gloss":"typhus"},{"word":"が、","gloss":"but (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"年","gloss":"year (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"ほど","gloss":"to the extent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"前","gloss":"before, front"},{"word":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation, health"},{"word":"から","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"食物","gloss":"food"},{"word":"関係","gloss":"relationship"},{"word":"食あたり","gloss":"food poisoning"},{"word":"夏","gloss":"summer"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Saying nothing in particular · Perception drill, Block 1","teaching":[{"title":"No medicine to speak of","paragraphs":["*これと言う いい 薬が ありません* means \"There is no medicine to speak of.\" *これと言う* stands before the noun and marks something particular or definite."]},{"title":"No particular reason","paragraphs":["*別に これと言う訳は ありません* means \"I don't have any particular reason.\"","In these negative statements, *これと言う* can also mean \"to speak of.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.01","source":"これと言う いい 薬が ありません。","translation":"There is no medicine to speak of.","reading":"これといういいくすりがありません。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"と","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"to speak of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.01.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.02","source":"何を 御ちそうしましょうか。","translation":"What can I treat you?","reading":"なにをごちそうしましょうか。","words":[{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"御","gloss":"treat","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ちそう","gloss":"treat"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall I"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.02.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.03","source":"さあ、何でもいいですよ。これと言うものは ありません。","translation":"Well, anything will do. There is nothing particular that I want.","reading":"さあ、なんでもいいですよ。これというものはありません。","words":[{"text":"さあ、","gloss":"well"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"も","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"will do"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"thing"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.03.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.04","source":"もう けっこんしては どうですか。","translation":"How about getting married? Isn’t it about time?","reading":"もうけっこんしてはどうですか。","words":[{"text":"もう","gloss":"already"},{"text":"けっこん","gloss":"get married"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"do"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どう","gloss":"how"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.04.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.05","source":"ええ、しかし、これと言う女が 居ないのです。","translation":"Yes, but I don’t have any girl to speak of.","reading":"ええ、しかし、これというおんながいないのです。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"と","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"to speak of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.05.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.06","source":"あなたは なぜ、きのうの ピクニックに 来なかったのですか。","translation":"Why didn’t you come to the picnic yesterday?","reading":"あなたはなぜ、きのうのピクニックにこなかったのですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ、","gloss":"why"},{"text":"きのう","gloss":"yesterday"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ピクニック","gloss":"picnic"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not come"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.06.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.07","source":"別に これと言う訳は ありません。ただ 行きたくなかったのです。","translation":"I don’t have any particular reason. I didn’t want to go. That’s all.","reading":"べつにこれというわけはありません。ただいきたくなかったのです。","words":[{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"訳","gloss":"reason","reading":"わけ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ただ","gloss":"just"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"たく","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.07.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.08","source":"日本について 何か いい本が ありますか。","translation":"Is there any good book on Japan?","reading":"にほんについてなにかいいほんがありますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"about"},{"text":"つい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"て","gloss":"about"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なに"},{"text":"か","gloss":"anything"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.08.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.09","source":"そうですね。別に これと言う いい本を 知りませんね。","translation":"Well, let me see. I don’t know any good book to speak of.","reading":"そうですね。べつにこれといういいほんをしりませんね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"well"},{"text":"です","gloss":"well"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"well"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"と","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"to speak of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"知り","gloss":"know","reading":"しり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.09.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.10","source":"ここに あなたの ほしい 絵が ありますか。","translation":"Is there any picture that you want?","reading":"ここにあなたのほしいえがありますか。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"here"},{"text":"に","gloss":"at"},{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ほしい","gloss":"want"},{"text":"絵","gloss":"picture","reading":"え"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.10.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp1.11","source":"これと言う 絵は 一つも ありませんね。","translation":"No, there is no picture to speak of.","reading":"これというえはひとつもありませんね。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"と","gloss":"to speak of"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"to speak of","reading":"いう"},{"text":"絵","gloss":"picture","reading":"え"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp1.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ましょう","gloss":"let's (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"さあ、","gloss":"well, now, here, come"},{"word":"もの","gloss":"things (tangible)"},{"word":"もう","gloss":"already (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"女","gloss":"female"},{"word":"なぜ、","gloss":"why?"},{"word":"ただ","gloss":"merely"},{"word":"本","gloss":"numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)"},{"word":"ほしい","gloss":"want, wish (See Grammar Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Things not easily achieved · Perception drill, Block 2","teaching":[{"title":"A sickness that persists","paragraphs":["*この病気は 中々 なおりません* means \"This sickness will not be cured easily.\" With a negative verb, *中々* means \"not easily\" or \"by no means.\""]},{"title":"Far from enough","paragraphs":["*二十本では 中々 足りませんね* means \"Twenty bottles will be far from enough.\"","Before a negative verb, *中々* can also mean \"not nearly\" or \"far from.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":36,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.01","source":"この病気は 中々 なおりません。","translation":"This sickness will not be cured easily.","reading":"このびょうきはなかなかなおりません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"sickness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"not easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"be cured"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.01.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.02","source":"明日の ピクニックに ビールは 二十本で 沢山でしょうか。","translation":"Would twenty bottles of beer be enough for tomorrow’s picnic?","reading":"あしたのピクニックにビールはにじゅっぽんでたくさんでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow","reading":"あした"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"ピクニック","gloss":"picnic"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty"},{"text":"本","gloss":"bottles"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"沢山","gloss":"enough","reading":"たくさん"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.02.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.03","source":"二十本では 中々 足りませんね。","translation":"Twenty bottles will be far from enough.","reading":"にじゅっぽんではなかなかたりませんね。","words":[{"text":"二十","gloss":"twenty"},{"text":"本","gloss":"bottles"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"far from","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"足り","gloss":"be enough","reading":"たり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.03.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.04","source":"英語は 一年くらいで 上手になれるでしょうか。","translation":"Do you suppose you can become proficient in English in about one year?","reading":"えいごはいちねんくらいでじょうずになれるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"英語","gloss":"English","reading":"えいご"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one year","reading":"いち"},{"text":"年","gloss":"one year","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"proficient","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なれる","gloss":"can become"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.04.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.05","source":"一年では 中々 上手に 話せる様には なれませんね。","translation":"You cannot possibly become proficient in speaking in one year.","reading":"いちねんではなかなかじょうずにはなせるようにはなれませんね。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one year","reading":"いち"},{"text":"年","gloss":"one year","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"hardly","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"proficiently","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"proficiently"},{"text":"話せる","gloss":"can speak","reading":"はなせる"},{"text":"様","gloss":"able to","reading":"よう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なれ","gloss":"become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.05.m4a"},{"number":41,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.06","source":"この 学校の たて物は 来年の 五月までに 出来上るでしょうか。","translation":"Do you suppose this school building will be completed by May of next year?","reading":"このがっこうのたてものはらいねんのごがつまでにできあがるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"学校","gloss":"school","reading":"がっこう"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"たて物","gloss":"building"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"来年","gloss":"next year","reading":"らいねん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"五","gloss":"May","reading":"ご"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"by"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"出来上る","gloss":"be completed","reading":"できあがる"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.06.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.07","source":"来年の 五月までには 中々 出来上りそうでは ありませんね。","translation":"It doesn’t seem it could be completed by any means by May of next year.","reading":"らいねんのごがつまでにはなかなかできあがりそうではありませんね。","words":[{"text":"来年","gloss":"next year","reading":"らいねん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"五","gloss":"May","reading":"ご"},{"text":"月","gloss":"May","reading":"がつ"},{"text":"まで","gloss":"by"},{"text":"に","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"hardly","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"出来上り","gloss":"be completed","reading":"できあがり"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"seems likely"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.07.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.08","source":"毎月 百ドル ちょ金 出来ますか。","translation":"Can you deposit in a bank one hundred dollars every month?","reading":"まいつきひゃくドルちょきんできますか。","words":[{"text":"毎月","gloss":"every month","reading":"まいつき"},{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"ドル","gloss":"dollars"},{"text":"ちょ","gloss":"save"},{"text":"金","gloss":"save","reading":"きん"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.08.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.09","source":"私の 月給では 毎月 百ドルは 中々 ちょ金 出来ませんね。","translation":"With my salary, I can’t possibly deposit one hundred dollars every month(in a bank.)","reading":"わたくしのげっきゅうではまいつきひゃくドルはなかなかちょきんできませんね。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"月給","gloss":"monthly salary","reading":"げっきゅう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"with"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"毎月","gloss":"every month","reading":"まいつき"},{"text":"百","gloss":"one hundred","reading":"ひゃく"},{"text":"ドル","gloss":"dollars"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"hardly","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"ちょ","gloss":"save"},{"text":"金","gloss":"save","reading":"きん"},{"text":"出来","gloss":"can","reading":"でき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.09.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.10","source":"今日は 雨が 降りそうで、中々 降りませんね。","translation":"It looks like it’s going to rain and yet it doesn’t rain readily.","reading":"きょうはあめがふりそうで、なかなかふりませんね。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降り","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふり"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"looks likely"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and yet"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"not readily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"降り","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふり"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.10.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"ja.dli.L086.gp2.11","source":"新聞によると、まだ 二三日は 降らないそうです。","translation":"According to the newspaper, it won’t rain yet for two or three days.","reading":"しんぶんによると、まだにさんにちはふらないそうです。","words":[{"text":"新聞","gloss":"newspaper","reading":"しんぶん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"よる","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"according to"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"二三","gloss":"two or three","reading":"にさん"},{"text":"日","gloss":"days","reading":"にち"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"降ら","gloss":"rain","reading":"ふら"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"reportedly"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.gp2.11.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"明日","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"word":"ビール","gloss":"beer"},{"word":"二十","gloss":"20"},{"word":"くらい","gloss":"dark"},{"word":"上手","gloss":"skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"なれる","gloss":"to get used to, get accustomed"},{"word":"話せる","gloss":"to be able to speak"},{"word":"五","gloss":"five"},{"word":"月","gloss":"moon, month (See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"まで","gloss":"as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"出来上る","gloss":"be completed"},{"word":"ドル","gloss":"dollar"},{"word":"金","gloss":"gold"},{"word":"月給","gloss":"monthly wage"},{"word":"今日","gloss":"today"},{"word":"雨","gloss":"rain"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"No particular person or thing · Pattern 1 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"No suitable person","paragraphs":["*日本語の 先生を さがしているのですが、これと言う 人が 居ません* means \"I am looking for a Japanese teacher, but I have not found anyone suitable.\"","The *これと言う* from *これと言う訳は ありません* now marks the suitable person not found."]},{"title":"No particular choice","paragraphs":["*けっこんしたいのですが、これと言う 女が 居ません* says no particular woman is in mind. The negative sentence rules out a definite choice."]}],"lines":[{"number":47,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.m1","source":"がんには まだ これと言う いい 薬が ありません。","translation":"There is still no particularly good medicine for cancer.","reading":"がんにはまだこれといういいくすりがありません。","words":[{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particularly","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.m1.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.01","source":"別に これと言う 訳は ありません。","translation":"There is no particular reason.","reading":"べつにこれというわけはありません。","words":[{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"訳","gloss":"reason","reading":"わけ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.01.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.02","source":"別に これと言う 計画は ありません。","translation":"There is no particular plan.","reading":"べつにこれというけいかくはありません。","words":[{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"計画","gloss":"plan","reading":"けいかく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.02.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.03","source":"日本について これと言う 本が ありません。","translation":"There is no particular book about Japan.","reading":"にほんについてこれというほんがありません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"about"},{"text":"つい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"て","gloss":"about"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.03.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.04","source":"けっこんしたいのですが、これと言う 女が 居ません。","translation":"I would like to get married, but there is no particular woman I have in mind.","reading":"けっこんしたいのですが、これというおんながいません。","words":[{"text":"けっこん","gloss":"get married"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.04.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.05","source":"かし家を さがしていますが、まだ これと言う 家が ありません。","translation":"I am looking for a house to rent, but I still have not found a suitable one.","reading":"かしやをさがしていますが、まだこれといういえがありません。","words":[{"text":"かし","gloss":"rental house"},{"text":"家","gloss":"rental house","reading":"や"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"さがし","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"い","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"と","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"suitable","reading":"いう"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.05.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.06","source":"日本語の 先生を さがしているのですが、これと言う 人が 居ません。","translation":"I am looking for a Japanese teacher, but I have not found anyone suitable.","reading":"にほんごのせんせいをさがしているのですが、これというひとがいません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"'s"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"さがし","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am looking"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"と","gloss":"suitable"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"suitable","reading":"いう"},{"text":"人","gloss":"person","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.06.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.07","source":"今週は これと言う 映画は ありません。","translation":"There are no particularly noteworthy movies this week.","reading":"こんしゅうはこれというえいがはありません。","words":[{"text":"今週","gloss":"this week","reading":"こんしゅう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"noteworthy"},{"text":"と","gloss":"noteworthy"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"noteworthy","reading":"いう"},{"text":"映画","gloss":"movies","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.07.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.08","source":"今晩は 別に これと言う 用事は 御ざいません。","translation":"I have no particular business this evening.","reading":"こんばんはべつにこれというようじはございません。","words":[{"text":"今晩は","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばんは"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particularly","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"particularly"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"と","gloss":"particular"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"particular","reading":"いう"},{"text":"用事","gloss":"business","reading":"ようじ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"exist","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"い","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.08.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"家","gloss":"house, home"},{"word":"今週","gloss":"this week"},{"word":"映画","gloss":"movie"},{"word":"用事","gloss":"personal business"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Having no particular plans · Pattern 1 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"No particular preference","paragraphs":["*別に これと言う 物は ありません。日本料理なら 何でも 食べます* means nothing particular is preferred and any Japanese food is acceptable."]},{"title":"No definite plan","paragraphs":["*今のところ これと言う 計画は ありません* means \"For now, I have no particular plans.\"","In *これと言う 計画は ありません*, *これと言う* marks the definite plan that does not exist."]}],"lines":[{"number":56,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.09","source":"今晩は 何を 御ちそうしましょうか。","translation":"What shall I treat you to this evening?","reading":"こんばんはなにをごちそうしましょうか。","words":[{"text":"今晩は","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばんは"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"御","gloss":"treat","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ちそう","gloss":"treat"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ましょう","gloss":"shall I"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.09.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.10","source":"別に これと言う 物は ありません。日本料理なら 何でも 食べます。","translation":"There is nothing in particular. I will eat any Japanese food.","reading":"べつにこれというものはありません。にほんりょうりならなんでもたべます。","words":[{"text":"別","gloss":"particular","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"物","gloss":"thing","reading":"もの"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"料理","gloss":"Japanese food","reading":"りょうり"},{"text":"なら","gloss":"if it is"},{"text":"何","gloss":"anything","reading":"なん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"any"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.10.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.11","source":"日本へ 行って 何を なさいますか。","translation":"What will you do when you go to Japan?","reading":"にほんへいってなにをなさいますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"行っ","gloss":"go","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"go"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"なさい","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.11.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.12","source":"今のところ これと言う 計画は ありません。","translation":"For now, I have no particular plans.","reading":"いまのところこれというけいかくはありません。","words":[{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"the present"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"計画","gloss":"plan","reading":"けいかく"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.12.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.13","source":"今晩 おいそがしいですか。","translation":"Are you busy this evening?","reading":"こんばんおいそがしいですか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorable"},{"text":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.13.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.14","source":"いいえ、別に これと言う 用事は 御ざいません。","translation":"No, I have no particular business.","reading":"いいえ、べつにこれというようじはございません。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particular","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"用事","gloss":"business","reading":"ようじ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"御","gloss":"exist","reading":"ご"},{"text":"ざ","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"い","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.14.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.15","source":"では、一緒に 映画でも 見に行きませんか。","translation":"Then, would you like to go see a movie or something together?","reading":"では、いっしょにえいがでもみにいきませんか。","words":[{"text":"で","gloss":"then"},{"text":"は、","gloss":"then"},{"text":"一緒","gloss":"together","reading":"いっしょ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"with"},{"text":"映画","gloss":"movie","reading":"えいが"},{"text":"で","gloss":"even"},{"text":"も","gloss":"or something"},{"text":"見","gloss":"see","reading":"み"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"行き","gloss":"go","reading":"いき"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.15.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.16","source":"私は 自分で 日本語を 習いたいと 思っているのですが、何か いい本が ありますか。","translation":"I would like to study Japanese on my own; is there a good book?","reading":"わたくしはじぶんでにほんごをならいたいとおもっているのですが、なにかいいほんがありますか。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"自分","gloss":"myself","reading":"じぶん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"習い","gloss":"study","reading":"ならい"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am thinking","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am thinking"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"何","gloss":"something","reading":"なに"},{"text":"か","gloss":"unspecified"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.16.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.17","source":"そうですね。別に これと言う 本は ありませんね。","translation":"Let me see. There is no particular book I can recommend.","reading":"そうですね。べつにこれというほんはありませんね。","words":[{"text":"そう","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"です","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"let me see"},{"text":"別","gloss":"particular","reading":"べつ"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"本","gloss":"book","reading":"ほん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.17.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なら","gloss":"if it is (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"ます。","gloss":"trout"},{"word":"へ","gloss":"to (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"いそがしい","gloss":"busy"},{"word":"自分","gloss":"self"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Asking about particular preferences · Pattern 1 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"No one in mind","paragraphs":["*けっこんしたいそうですが、これと言う 女が 居ないそうです* means \"I hear he wants to get married, but there is no particular woman he has in mind.\"","Here *これと言う* marks the particular woman he does not have in mind."]}],"lines":[{"number":65,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.18","source":"パーカーさんは まだ けっこんしていないのですか。","translation":"Has Mr. Parker still not married?","reading":"パーカーさんはまだけっこんしていないのですか。","words":[{"text":"パーカー","gloss":"Parker"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"still"},{"text":"けっこん","gloss":"marry"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"not married"},{"text":"い","gloss":"not married"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not married"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.18.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.19","source":"けっこんしたいそうですが、これと言う 女が 居ないそうです。","translation":"I hear he wants to get married, but there is no particular woman he has in mind.","reading":"けっこんしたいそうですが、これというおんながいないそうです。","words":[{"text":"けっこん","gloss":"marry"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.19.m4a"},{"number":67,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.20","source":"あなたは なぜ 昨晩 来なかったのですか。","translation":"Why did you not come last night?","reading":"あなたはなぜさくばんこなかったのですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"昨晩","gloss":"last night","reading":"さくばん"},{"text":"来","gloss":"come","reading":"こ"},{"text":"なかっ","gloss":"did not"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.20.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.21","source":"この 病気に いい 薬が ありますか。","translation":"Is there a good medicine for this illness?","reading":"このびょうきにいいくすりがありますか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.21.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.22","source":"今晩 何が 食べたいですか。","translation":"What would you like to eat this evening?","reading":"こんばんなにがたべたいですか。","words":[{"text":"今晩","gloss":"this evening","reading":"こんばん"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なに"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"食べ","gloss":"eat","reading":"たべ"},{"text":"たい","gloss":"want to"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.22.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.23","source":"日本へ 遊びに いらっしゃるそうですが、何日くらい とうりゅう なさる おつもりですか。","translation":"I hear you are coming to Japan for a visit; about how many days do you intend to stay?","reading":"にほんへあそびにいらっしゃるそうですが、なんにちくらいとうりゅうなさるおつもりですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"へ","gloss":"toward"},{"text":"遊び","gloss":"visit","reading":"あそび"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"いらっしゃる","gloss":"come"},{"text":"そう","gloss":"I hear"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"何","gloss":"how many days","reading":"なん"},{"text":"日","gloss":"how many days","reading":"にち"},{"text":"くらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"と","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"う","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"りゅう","gloss":"stay"},{"text":"なさる","gloss":"do"},{"text":"お","gloss":"honorable"},{"text":"つもり","gloss":"intend"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.23.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt1.24","source":"いい 女の 日本語の 先生が 居ましたか。","translation":"Did you find a good woman Japanese teacher?","reading":"いいおんなのにほんごのせんせいがいましたか。","words":[{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"女","gloss":"woman","reading":"おんな"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"先生","gloss":"teacher","reading":"せんせい"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt1.24.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"なぜ","gloss":"why?"},{"word":"いらっしゃる","gloss":"to come, go (honorific verb)"},{"word":"なさる","gloss":"to do (honorific verb) (See Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Things not easily done · Pattern 2 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Changes that take time","paragraphs":["*日本語は 一年では 中々 上手に なれません* means \"You cannot become proficient in Japanese easily in one year.\"","The *中々* with a negative verb from *この病気は 中々 なおりません* also describes this difficult change."]},{"title":"A result that does not occur","paragraphs":["*この コップは とても じょうぶで、中々 こわれません* means the sturdy glass does not break easily. The same pattern describes a result that does not occur readily."]}],"lines":[{"number":72,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.m1","source":"この 病気は 中々 なおりません。","translation":"This illness is not easily cured.","reading":"このびょうきはなかなかなおりません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"recover"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.m1.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.01","source":"日本語は 一年では 中々 上手に なれません。","translation":"You cannot become proficient in Japanese easily in one year.","reading":"にほんごはいちねんではなかなかじょうずになれません。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one year","reading":"いち"},{"text":"年","gloss":"one year","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"上手","gloss":"proficient","reading":"じょうず"},{"text":"に","gloss":"become"},{"text":"なれ","gloss":"can become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.01.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.02","source":"これは 重いから、一人では 中々 運べません。","translation":"This is heavy, so one person cannot easily carry it.","reading":"これはおもいから、ひとりではなかなかはこべません。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"重い","gloss":"heavy","reading":"おもい"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"一人","gloss":"one person","reading":"ひとり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"by"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"運べ","gloss":"can carry","reading":"はこべ"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.02.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.03","source":"今ごろの かぜは 中々 なおりません。","translation":"The colds going around these days do not clear up easily.","reading":"いまごろのかぜはなかなかなおりません。","words":[{"text":"今ごろ","gloss":"these days","reading":"いまごろ"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"かぜ","gloss":"cold"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"なおり","gloss":"clear up"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.03.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.04","source":"私は やせようと 思っているのですが、中々 やせられませんね。","translation":"I am trying to lose weight, but I cannot lose it easily.","reading":"わたくしはやせようとおもっているのですが、なかなかやせられませんね。","words":[{"text":"私","gloss":"I","reading":"わたくし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"やせよう","gloss":"try losing weight"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am trying","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am trying"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am trying"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"やせ","gloss":"lose weight"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"can"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.04.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.05","source":"この コップは とても じょうぶで、中々 こわれません。","translation":"This glass is very sturdy and does not break easily.","reading":"このコップはとてもじょうぶで、なかなかこわれません。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"コップ","gloss":"glass"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"とても","gloss":"very"},{"text":"じょうぶ","gloss":"sturdy"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"こわれ","gloss":"break"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.05.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.06","source":"今年は さくらの 花が 中々 さきませんね。","translation":"The cherry blossoms are taking a long time to bloom this year, aren’t they?","reading":"ことしはさくらのはながなかなかさきませんね。","words":[{"text":"今年","gloss":"this year","reading":"ことし"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"さくら","gloss":"cherry"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"花","gloss":"blossoms","reading":"はな"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"readily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"さき","gloss":"bloom"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.06.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.07","source":"これは 日本では 中々 手に はいりません。","translation":"This is not easily obtainable in Japan.","reading":"これはにほんではなかなかてにはいりません。","words":[{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"手","gloss":"obtain","reading":"て"},{"text":"に","gloss":"obtain"},{"text":"はいり","gloss":"obtain"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.07.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"から、","gloss":"from (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"一人","gloss":"one person"},{"word":"かぜ","gloss":"wind"},{"word":"とても","gloss":"very, indeed"},{"word":"今年","gloss":"this year"},{"word":"さくら","gloss":"cherry (flower)"},{"word":"さき","gloss":"tip, point"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Difficulty finding and obtaining things · Pattern 2 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Hard to find","paragraphs":["*気に入った 家は 中々 ないものですね* means \"It is not easy to find a house you like, is it?\"","Here *中々* with *ない* describes difficulty finding a suitable house."]},{"title":"Hard to obtain","paragraphs":["*それは このごろでは 中々 手に はいりませんよ* says that the old stamp is not easily obtainable these days.","The same pattern describes laundry that does not dry and difficulty becoming able to read Japanese newspapers."]}],"lines":[{"number":80,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.08","source":"今日は 曇っているから、せんたく物が 中々 かわきません。","translation":"It is cloudy today, so the laundry is not drying easily.","reading":"きょうはくもっているから、せんたくものがなかなかかわきません。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"きょう"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"曇っ","gloss":"is cloudy","reading":"くもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is cloudy"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is cloudy"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"せんたく","gloss":"laundry"},{"text":"物","gloss":"laundry","reading":"もの"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"かわき","gloss":"dry"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.08.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.09","source":"いい かし家が ありましたか。","translation":"Did you find a good house to rent?","reading":"いいかしやがありましたか。","words":[{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"か","gloss":"rental house"},{"text":"し","gloss":"rental house"},{"text":"家","gloss":"rental house","reading":"や"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.09.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.10","source":"いいえ、まだです。気に入った 家は 中々 ないものですね。","translation":"No, not yet. It is not easy to find a house you like, is it?","reading":"いいえ、まだです。きにいったいえはなかなかないものですね。","words":[{"text":"いいえ、","gloss":"no"},{"text":"まだ","gloss":"yet"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"気","gloss":"like","reading":"き"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"入っ","gloss":"liked","reading":"いっ"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"家","gloss":"house","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not exist"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.10.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.11","source":"一年ぐらい 日本語を 勉強して 日本の 新聞が 読めるように なるでしょうか。","translation":"If I study Japanese for about a year, will I become able to read Japanese newspapers?","reading":"いちねんぐらいにほんごをべんきょうしてにほんのしんぶんがよめるようになるでしょうか。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one year","reading":"いち"},{"text":"年","gloss":"one year","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"語","gloss":"Japanese","reading":"ご"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"勉強","gloss":"study","reading":"べんきょう"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"て","gloss":"and"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"新聞","gloss":"newspaper","reading":"しんぶん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読める","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめる"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"able"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"でしょう","gloss":"probably"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.11.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.12","source":"一年では 中々 日本の 新聞が 読めるようには なれませんね。","translation":"You cannot easily become able to read Japanese newspapers in one year.","reading":"いちねんではなかなかにほんのしんぶんがよめるようにはなれませんね。","words":[{"text":"一","gloss":"one year","reading":"いち"},{"text":"年","gloss":"one year","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"新聞","gloss":"newspaper","reading":"しんぶん"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"読める","gloss":"can read","reading":"よめる"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"able"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なれ","gloss":"can become"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.12.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.13","source":"この 切手は ずい分 古いものらしいですね。","translation":"This stamp seems to be quite old, doesn’t it?","reading":"このきってはずいぶんふるいものらしいですね。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"this"},{"text":"切手","gloss":"stamp","reading":"きって"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ずい分","gloss":"quite","reading":"ずいぶん"},{"text":"古い","gloss":"old","reading":"ふるい"},{"text":"もの","gloss":"one"},{"text":"らしい","gloss":"seems"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.13.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.14","source":"ええ、それは このごろでは 中々 手に はいりませんよ。","translation":"Yes, that is not easily obtainable these days.","reading":"ええ、それはこのごろではなかなかてにはいりませんよ。","words":[{"text":"ええ、","gloss":"yes"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"このごろ","gloss":"these days"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"手","gloss":"obtain","reading":"て"},{"text":"に","gloss":"obtain"},{"text":"はいり","gloss":"obtain"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.14.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.15","source":"あなたは たばこを やめたのでは ないのですか。","translation":"Did you not quit smoking?","reading":"あなたはたばこをやめたのではないのですか。","words":[{"text":"あなた","gloss":"you"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"たばこ","gloss":"smoking"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やめ","gloss":"quit"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.15.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ぐらい","gloss":"about"},{"word":"切手","gloss":"postage stamp"},{"word":"ずい分","gloss":"very much"},{"word":"古い","gloss":"old, antique"},{"word":"たばこ","gloss":"tobacco, cigarette"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Difficulty quitting and persuading · Pattern 2 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Unable to quit easily","paragraphs":["*やめようと 思っているんですが、中々 やめられませんね* means \"I am trying to quit, but I cannot quit easily.\"","In *中々 やめられませんね*, *中々* stresses persistent difficulty."]},{"title":"Someone who will not agree","paragraphs":["*かしてくれと 何度も 頼んだのですが、中々 しょうちしないのですよ* says repeated requests still do not gain consent."]}],"lines":[{"number":88,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.16","source":"やめようと 思っているんですが、中々 やめられませんね。","translation":"I am trying to quit, but I cannot quit easily.","reading":"やめようとおもっているんですが、なかなかやめられませんね。","words":[{"text":"やめよう","gloss":"try to quit"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"思っ","gloss":"am trying","reading":"おもっ"},{"text":"て","gloss":"am trying"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"am trying"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"やめ","gloss":"quit"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"can"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ね。","gloss":"right?"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.16.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.17","source":"田中さんに 自動車を かしてもらうように 頼みましたか。","translation":"Did you ask Mr. Tanaka to lend you his car?","reading":"たなかさんにじどうしゃをかしてもらうようにたのみましたか。","words":[{"text":"田中","gloss":"Tanaka","reading":"たなか"},{"text":"さん","gloss":"Mr."},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"自動","gloss":"car","reading":"じどう"},{"text":"車","gloss":"car","reading":"しゃ"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"かし","gloss":"lend"},{"text":"て","gloss":"lend"},{"text":"もらう","gloss":"receive favor"},{"text":"よう","gloss":"so that"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"頼み","gloss":"ask","reading":"たのみ"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.17.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.18","source":"かしてくれと 何度も 頼んだのですが、中々 しょうちしないのですよ。","translation":"I asked him many times to lend it to me, but he simply will not agree.","reading":"かしてくれとなんどもたのんだのですが、なかなかしょうちしないのですよ。","words":[{"text":"か","gloss":"lend"},{"text":"し","gloss":"lend"},{"text":"て","gloss":"lend"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"to me"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"何","gloss":"many times","reading":"なん"},{"text":"度","gloss":"many times","reading":"ど"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"頼ん","gloss":"asked","reading":"たのん"},{"text":"だ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"simply","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"しょうち","gloss":"agree"},{"text":"し","gloss":"do"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"explanation"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"よ。","gloss":"I tell you"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.18.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.19","source":"運べます。","translation":"I can carry it.","reading":"はこべます。","words":[{"text":"運べ","gloss":"can carry","reading":"はこべ"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.19.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.20","source":"なおります。","translation":"It will get well.","reading":"なおります。","words":[{"text":"なおり","gloss":"get well"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.20.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.21","source":"おぼえられる","translation":"Can remember.","reading":"おぼえられる","words":[{"text":"おぼえ","gloss":"remember"},{"text":"られる","gloss":"can"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.21.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.22","source":"こわれる","translation":"It breaks.","reading":"こわれる","words":[{"text":"こわれる","gloss":"breaks"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.22.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"ja.dli.L086.pt2.23","source":"雨が降る。","translation":"It rains.","reading":"あめがふる。","words":[{"text":"雨","gloss":"rain","reading":"あめ"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"降る。","gloss":"falls","reading":"ふる"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.pt2.23.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"車","gloss":"vehicle, car"},{"word":"もらう","gloss":"to receive (tangible things)"},{"word":"だ","gloss":"to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)"},{"word":"こわれる","gloss":"break (vi)"},{"word":"降る。","gloss":"to fall (rain) (v.i.)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Declining infectious diseases · Reading Selection 1 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Treatment reduced deaths","paragraphs":["The passage explains changes in tuberculosis and infectious childhood diseases. *けっかくは 一番の いのち取りでは なくなりました* says tuberculosis is no longer the leading killer."]},{"title":"Prevention reduced disease","paragraphs":["*今日では えいせいが よくなり、ワクチンが 出来、けんこう保険の えいきょうなどで、でんせん病も しだいに げんしょうしています* connects the decline with sanitation, vaccines, and health insurance."]}],"lines":[{"number":96,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.001","source":"しかし、近年では 薬が よくなった事と、手当が よくなったため、けっかくは 一番の いのち取りでは なくなりました。","translation":"However, in recent years, because medicines and treatment have improved, tuberculosis is no longer the number-one killer.","reading":"しかし、きんねんではくすりがよくなったことと、てあてがよくなったため、けっかくはいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりました。","words":[{"text":"しかし、","gloss":"however"},{"text":"近年","gloss":"recent years","reading":"きんねん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicines","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"事","gloss":"fact","reading":"こと"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"and"},{"text":"手当","gloss":"treatment","reading":"てあて"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なっ","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"ため、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"いのち","gloss":"killer"},{"text":"取り","gloss":"killer","reading":"とり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なくなり","gloss":"no longer"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"did, polite"},{"text":"た。","gloss":"did, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.001.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.002","source":"日本には 又 でんせん病も 多いです。","translation":"There are also many infectious diseases in Japan.","reading":"にほんにはまたでんせんびょうもおおいです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"又","gloss":"also","reading":"また"},{"text":"で","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"infectious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.002.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.003","source":"ここ二三年 せきりや インフルエンザが ぞうかしていますが、チフスは げんしょうしています。","translation":"Dysentery and influenza have increased over the past two or three years, but typhus has decreased.","reading":"ここにさんねんせきりやインフルエンザがぞうかしていますが、チフスはげんしょうしています。","words":[{"text":"ここ","gloss":"past"},{"text":"二三","gloss":"two or three","reading":"にさん"},{"text":"年","gloss":"years","reading":"ねん"},{"text":"せ","gloss":"dysentery"},{"text":"きり","gloss":"dysentery"},{"text":"や","gloss":"and"},{"text":"インフルエンザ","gloss":"influenza"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ぞう","gloss":"increased"},{"text":"か","gloss":"increased"},{"text":"し","gloss":"have increased"},{"text":"て","gloss":"have increased"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have increased"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"have increased"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"チフス","gloss":"typhus"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"げんしょう","gloss":"decreased"},{"text":"し","gloss":"have decreased"},{"text":"て","gloss":"have decreased"},{"text":"い","gloss":"have decreased"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"have decreased"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.003.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.004","source":"小児病では 小児まひ病、百日ぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなどが ありますが、今では ワクチンの ちゅうしゃを やるので、そんな 病気で しぬ 子供は ほとんど 居ません。","translation":"Childhood diseases include polio, whooping cough, diphtheria, and measles, but now that children receive vaccine injections, almost no children die of such diseases.","reading":"しょうにびょうではしょうにまひびょう、ひゃくにちぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなどがありますが、いまではワクチンのちゅうしゃをやるので、そんなびょうきでしぬこどもはほとんどいません。","words":[{"text":"小児","gloss":"childhood","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"病","gloss":"diseases","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"で","gloss":"among"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"小児","gloss":"polio","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"まひ","gloss":"polio"},{"text":"病、","gloss":"polio"},{"text":"百","gloss":"hundred-day cough"},{"text":"日","gloss":"hundred-day cough"},{"text":"ぜき、","gloss":"hundred-day cough"},{"text":"ジフテリア、","gloss":"diphtheria"},{"text":"ハシカ","gloss":"measles"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"が、","gloss":"but"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccine"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ちゅうしゃ","gloss":"injections"},{"text":"を","gloss":"object"},{"text":"やる","gloss":"give"},{"text":"の","gloss":"because"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"diseases","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"from"},{"text":"しぬ","gloss":"die"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"ほとんど","gloss":"almost none"},{"text":"居","gloss":"exist","reading":"い"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.004.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.005","source":"今日では えいせいが よくなり、ワクチンが 出来、けんこう保険の えいきょうなどで、でんせん病も しだいに げんしょうしています。","translation":"Today, with improved sanitation, the development of vaccines, and the effects of health insurance, infectious diseases are also gradually decreasing.","reading":"こんにちではえいせいがよくなり、ワクチンができ、けんこうほけんのえいきょうなどで、でんせんびょうもしだいにげんしょうしています。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"えいせい","gloss":"sanitation"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"よく","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"なり、","gloss":"improved"},{"text":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccines"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"出来、","gloss":"developed","reading":"でき"},{"text":"けんこう","gloss":"health insurance"},{"text":"保険","gloss":"health insurance","reading":"ほけん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"えいきょう","gloss":"effects"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"through"},{"text":"で","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"infectious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"infectious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"しだい","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"に","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"げんしょう","gloss":"decreased"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"ます。","gloss":"are decreasing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.005.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.006","source":"日本人に 多い 病気は どんな 病気ですか。","translation":"What kinds of illnesses are common among Japanese people?","reading":"にほんじんにおおいびょうきはどんなびょうきですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese people"},{"text":"に","gloss":"among"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"common","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illnesses","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illnesses","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.006.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.007","source":"この 中で 一番 おそろしい 病気と 言えば 何ですか。","translation":"Of these, what would you say is the most frightening illness?","reading":"このなかでいちばんおそろしいびょうきといえばなんですか。","words":[{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"中","gloss":"among","reading":"なか"},{"text":"で","gloss":"among"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"most","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"frightening"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"say","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"何","gloss":"what","reading":"なん"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.007.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"チフス","gloss":"typhus"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Cancer and tuberculosis · Reading Selection 2 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Cancer and tuberculosis","paragraphs":["The questions ask about cancer medicine and the reasons tuberculosis was feared. *なぜ はいけっかくは おそれられていますか* means \"Why is lung tuberculosis feared?\"","Answers draw on weak resistance, difficult recovery, and improved treatment. *がん* is the word for \"cancer.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":103,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.008","source":"がんには いい 薬が ありますか。","translation":"Is there a good medicine for cancer?","reading":"がんにはいいくすりがありますか。","words":[{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.008.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.009","source":"日本でもう一つ おそれられている 病気は どんな 病気ですか。","translation":"What is another illness feared in Japan?","reading":"にほんでもうひとつおそれられているびょうきはどんなびょうきですか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"another"},{"text":"一","gloss":"one","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"one"},{"text":"おそれ","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"て","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kind"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"illness","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.009.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.010","source":"なぜ はいけっかくは おそれられていますか。","translation":"Why is lung tuberculosis feared?","reading":"なぜはいけっかくはおそれられていますか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"lung tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"lung tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"lung tuberculosis"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おそれ","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"て","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"い","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"feared"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.010.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.011","source":"けっかくきんが 東洋に 来たのは 遠い むかしですか。","translation":"Was it long ago that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient?","reading":"けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはとおいむかしですか。","words":[{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"the Orient","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"the fact"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"distant","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"むかし","gloss":"past"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.011.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.012","source":"東洋人は けっかくきんに 対する 抵こう力が 強いですか。","translation":"Do Orientals have strong resistance to tuberculosis bacilli?","reading":"とうようじんはけっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがつよいですか。","words":[{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Oriental","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Oriental","reading":"じん"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"対する","gloss":"against"},{"text":"抵","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"力","gloss":"resistance","reading":"りょく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"強い","gloss":"strong","reading":"つよい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.012.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.013","source":"今日では はいけっかくは 一番の いのち取りですか。","translation":"Is pulmonary tuberculosis the number one killer today?","reading":"こんにちでははいけっかくはいちばんのいのちとりですか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"く","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"いのち","gloss":"killer"},{"text":"取り","gloss":"killer","reading":"とり"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.013.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.014","source":"なぜ一番の いのち取りでは なくなりましたか。","translation":"Why is it no longer the number one killer?","reading":"なぜいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりましたか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"number one","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"いのち","gloss":"killer"},{"text":"取り","gloss":"killer","reading":"とり"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なくなり","gloss":"become no longer"},{"text":"まし","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.014.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Infectious and childhood diseases · Reading Selection 3 of 3","teaching":[{"title":"Which diseases are changing","paragraphs":["The questions ask which infectious diseases are increasing or decreasing and which childhood diseases occur. *どんな でんせん病が ぞうかしていますか* means \"What kinds of contagious diseases are increasing?\"","Answers name the diseases and explain their decline through sanitation, vaccination, and health insurance."]}],"lines":[{"number":110,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.015","source":"日本には どんな でんせん病が ありますか。","translation":"What kinds of contagious diseases are there in Japan?","reading":"にほんにはどんなでんせんびょうがありますか。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"in"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.015.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.016","source":"どんな でんせん病が ぞうかしていますか。","translation":"What kinds of contagious diseases are increasing?","reading":"どんなでんせんびょうがぞうかしていますか。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ぞう","gloss":"increase"},{"text":"か","gloss":"increase"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are increasing"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.016.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.017","source":"どんな でんせん病が げんしょうしていますか。","translation":"What kinds of contagious diseases are decreasing?","reading":"どんなでんせんびょうがげんしょうしていますか。","words":[{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"げんしょう","gloss":"decrease"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.017.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.018","source":"小児病には どんな のが ありますか。","translation":"What kinds of childhood diseases are there?","reading":"しょうにびょうにはどんなのがありますか。","words":[{"text":"小児","gloss":"childhood disease","reading":"しょうに"},{"text":"病","gloss":"childhood disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"among"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"どんな","gloss":"what kinds"},{"text":"の","gloss":"ones"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"exist"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"polite"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.018.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.019","source":"そんな 病気で しぬ 子供が 多いですか。","translation":"Are there many children who die from such diseases?","reading":"そんなびょうきでしぬこどもがおおいですか。","words":[{"text":"そんな","gloss":"such"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"diseases","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"で","gloss":"from"},{"text":"しぬ","gloss":"die"},{"text":"子供","gloss":"children","reading":"こども"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"many","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"です","gloss":"are"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.019.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"ja.dli.L086.rd.020","source":"今日では なぜ でんせん病も しだいに げんしょうしていますか。","translation":"Why are contagious diseases also gradually decreasing today?","reading":"こんにちではなぜでんせんびょうもしだいにげんしょうしていますか。","words":[{"text":"今日","gloss":"today","reading":"こんにち"},{"text":"で","gloss":"at"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"で","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"ん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"せん","gloss":"contagious disease"},{"text":"病","gloss":"contagious disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"も","gloss":"also"},{"text":"しだい","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"に","gloss":"gradually"},{"text":"げんしょう","gloss":"decrease"},{"text":"し","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"て","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"い","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"ます","gloss":"are decreasing"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.rd.020.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Why tuberculosis is feared · Questions","teaching":[{"title":"Two feared diseases","paragraphs":["The passage names cancer as the most frightening disease and tuberculosis as another feared disease. *なぜですか* means \"Why is that?\"","An answer about cancer uses *これと言う* in *がんには 今のところ これと言う いい 薬が ないのです*.","An answer about recovery uses *中々 なおらないのです*, \"very difficult to recover.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":116,"id":"ja.dli.L086.q.001","source":"日本人に 多い 病気は がん、しんぞう病、はいえん、はいけっかく、のういっけつなどです。この中で 一番 おそろしい 病気と 言えば がんでしょう。がんには 今のところ これと言う いい 薬が ないのです。日本でもう一つ おそれられている 病気は はいけっかくです。家族の だれかが はいけっかくに かかると、だれも こうさいしてくれなくなるのです。けっかくきんが 東洋に 来たのは あまり 遠い むかしの 事では ありません。それで、けっかくきんに 対する 抵こう力が 弱いのです。ですから、一度 けっかくに かかると 中々 なおらないのです。東洋人には おそろしい 病気です。","translation":"Diseases common among the Japanese include cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and cerebral hemorrhage. Of these, cancer is probably the most frightening disease. At present, there is no particularly good medicine for cancer. Another disease feared in Japan is pulmonary tuberculosis. When someone in a family contracts pulmonary tuberculosis, no one will associate with that family. It was not very long ago that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient. For that reason, resistance to tuberculosis bacilli is weak. Therefore, once someone contracts tuberculosis, it is very difficult to recover. It is a frightening disease for Orientals.","reading":"にほんじんにおおいびょうきはがん、しんぞうびょう、はいえん、はいけっかく、のういっけつなどです。このなかでいちばんおそろしいびょうきといえばがんでしょう。がんにはいまのところこれといういいくすりがないのです。にほんでもうひとつおそれられているびょうきははいけっかくです。かぞくのだれかがはいけっかくにかかると、だれもこうさいしてくれなくなるのです。けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはあまりとおいむかしのことではありません。それで、けっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがよわいのです。ですから、いちどけっかくにかかるとなかなかなおらないのです。とうようじんにはおそろしいびょうきです。","words":[{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Japanese"},{"text":"に","gloss":"among"},{"text":"多い","gloss":"common","reading":"おおい"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"diseases","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"がん、","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"しんぞう","gloss":"heart disease"},{"text":"病、","gloss":"heart disease","reading":"びょう"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"え","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"ん、","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっ","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"かく、","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"のう","gloss":"cerebral hemorrhage"},{"text":"いっけ","gloss":"cerebral hemorrhage"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"cerebral hemorrhage"},{"text":"など","gloss":"and others"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"are"},{"text":"この","gloss":"these"},{"text":"中","gloss":"among","reading":"なか"},{"text":"で","gloss":"among"},{"text":"一番","gloss":"most","reading":"いちばん"},{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"frightening"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"disease","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"と","gloss":"as"},{"text":"言え","gloss":"say","reading":"いえ"},{"text":"ば","gloss":"if"},{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably is"},{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"今","gloss":"now","reading":"いま"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"ところ","gloss":"present"},{"text":"これ","gloss":"this"},{"text":"と","gloss":"quote"},{"text":"言う","gloss":"called","reading":"いう"},{"text":"いい","gloss":"good"},{"text":"薬","gloss":"medicine","reading":"くすり"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"no"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"日本","gloss":"Japan","reading":"にほん"},{"text":"で","gloss":"in"},{"text":"もう","gloss":"another"},{"text":"一","gloss":"another","reading":"ひと"},{"text":"つ","gloss":"another"},{"text":"おそれ","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"られ","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"て","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"いる","gloss":"is feared"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"disease","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっ","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"かく","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"家族","gloss":"family","reading":"かぞく"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"か","gloss":"someone"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"はい","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"くに","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contracts"},{"text":"と、","gloss":"when"},{"text":"だれ","gloss":"anyone"},{"text":"も","gloss":"even"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"associate"},{"text":"さいし","gloss":"associate"},{"text":"て","gloss":"associate"},{"text":"くれ","gloss":"for them"},{"text":"なく","gloss":"not"},{"text":"なる","gloss":"become"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Orient","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"来","gloss":"came","reading":"き"},{"text":"た","gloss":"past"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あまり","gloss":"not very"},{"text":"遠い","gloss":"distant","reading":"とおい"},{"text":"むかし","gloss":"long ago"},{"text":"の","gloss":"of"},{"text":"事","gloss":"event","reading":"こと"},{"text":"で","gloss":"is"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"あり","gloss":"be"},{"text":"ませ","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"ん。","gloss":"not, polite"},{"text":"それ","gloss":"that"},{"text":"で、","gloss":"therefore"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"く","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"きん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"text":"に","gloss":"to"},{"text":"対する","gloss":"against"},{"text":"抵","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"こう","gloss":"resistance"},{"text":"力","gloss":"resistance","reading":"りょく"},{"text":"が","gloss":"subject"},{"text":"弱い","gloss":"weak","reading":"よわい"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"から、","gloss":"because"},{"text":"一","gloss":"once","reading":"いち"},{"text":"度","gloss":"once","reading":"ど"},{"text":"けっか","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"くに","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"text":"かかる","gloss":"contracts"},{"text":"と","gloss":"when"},{"text":"中々","gloss":"not easily","reading":"なかなか"},{"text":"なおら","gloss":"recover"},{"text":"ない","gloss":"not"},{"text":"の","gloss":"fact"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"},{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Oriental","reading":"とうよう"},{"text":"人","gloss":"Oriental","reading":"じん"},{"text":"に","gloss":"for"},{"text":"は","gloss":"topic"},{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"frightening"},{"text":"病気","gloss":"disease","reading":"びょうき"},{"text":"です。","gloss":"is"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.q.001.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"ja.dli.L086.q.002","source":"なぜですか。","translation":"Why is that?","reading":"なぜですか。","words":[{"text":"なぜ","gloss":"why"},{"text":"です","gloss":"is"},{"text":"か。","gloss":"question"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.q.002.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"かく、","gloss":"each (prefix)"},{"word":"でしょう。","gloss":"probably (See Gram. Notes)"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Tuberculosis and fear words · Word list 1 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Tuberculosis and resistance","paragraphs":["These words name tuberculosis, infection, fear, association, and resistance. *はいけっかく* means \"pulmonary tuberculosis,\" while *けっかくきん* means \"tuberculosis bacilli.\"","*おそれられています* means \"is feared,\" and *抵こう力* means \"resistance.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":118,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.001","source":"はいけっかく","translation":"pulmonary tuberculosis","reading":"はいけっかく","words":[{"text":"はいけっかく","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.001.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.002","source":"おそれられています","translation":"is feared","reading":"おそれられています","words":[{"text":"おそれられています","gloss":"is feared"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.002.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.003","source":"こうさいする","translation":"to associate","reading":"こうさいする","words":[{"text":"こうさいする","gloss":"associate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.003.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.004","source":"おそれる","translation":"fear (v.t.)","reading":"おそれる","words":[{"text":"おそれる","gloss":"fear"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.004.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.005","source":"--にかかる","translation":"contract (disease); catch, suffer from","reading":"--にかかる","words":[{"text":"--にかかる","gloss":"contract a disease"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.005.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.006","source":"けっかくきん","translation":"tuberculosis bacilli","reading":"けっかくきん","words":[{"text":"けっかくきん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.006.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.007","source":"東洋","translation":"Orient","reading":"とうよう","words":[{"text":"東洋","gloss":"Orient","reading":"とうよう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.007.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.008","source":"東洋人","translation":"Oriental","reading":"とうようじん","words":[{"text":"東洋人","gloss":"Oriental","reading":"とうようじん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.008.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.009","source":"けっかく","translation":"tubercle; tuberculosis","reading":"けっかく","words":[{"text":"けっかく","gloss":"tuberculosis"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.009.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.010","source":"(に)対する","translation":"against","reading":"(に)たいする","words":[{"text":"(に)対する","gloss":"against","reading":"(に)たいする"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.010.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.011","source":"抵こう力","translation":"resistance","reading":"ていこうりょく","words":[{"text":"抵こう力","gloss":"resistance","reading":"ていこうりょく"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.011.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.012","source":"弱い","translation":"weak","reading":"よわい","words":[{"text":"弱い","gloss":"weak","reading":"よわい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.012.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"はいけっかく","gloss":"pulmonary tuberculosis"},{"word":"おそれられています","gloss":"is feared"},{"word":"こうさいする","gloss":"to associate"},{"word":"おそれる","gloss":"fear (v.t.)"},{"word":"--にかかる","gloss":"contract (disease); catch, suffer from"},{"word":"けっかくきん","gloss":"tuberculosis bacilli"},{"word":"東洋人","gloss":"Oriental"},{"word":"けっかく","gloss":"tubercle; tuberculosis"},{"word":"(に)対する","gloss":"against"},{"word":"抵こう力","gloss":"resistance"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Disease and insurance words · Word list 2 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Disease and insurance","paragraphs":["These words cover serious diseases, difficulty, reasons, and insurance. *がん* means \"cancer,\" *心ぞう病* means \"heart disease,\" and *けんこう保険* means \"health insurance.\"","*中々* means \"by no means,\" \"far from,\" or \"not nearly\" with a negative form."]}],"lines":[{"number":130,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.013","source":"おそろしい","translation":"fearful; dreadful","reading":"おそろしい","words":[{"text":"おそろしい","gloss":"frightening"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.013.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.014","source":"中々","translation":"by no means, far from, not nearly (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"なかなか","words":[{"text":"中々","gloss":"by no means","reading":"なかなか"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.014.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.015","source":"いのち取り","translation":"killer (as of illness or cause of death)","reading":"いのちとり","words":[{"text":"いのち取り","gloss":"killer","reading":"いのちとり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.015.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.016","source":"どう言う訳","translation":"what reason","reading":"どういうわけ","words":[{"text":"どう言う訳","gloss":"what reason","reading":"どういうわけ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.016.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.017","source":"けんこう保険","translation":"health insurance","reading":"けんこうほけん","words":[{"text":"けんこう保険","gloss":"health insurance","reading":"けんこうほけん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.017.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.018","source":"えいきょう","translation":"influence","reading":"えいきょう","words":[{"text":"えいきょう","gloss":"influence"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.018.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.019","source":"社会保険","translation":"social insurance","reading":"しゃかいほけん","words":[{"text":"社会保険","gloss":"social insurance","reading":"しゃかいほけん"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.019.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.020","source":"せいど","translation":"system","reading":"せいど","words":[{"text":"せいど","gloss":"system"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.020.m4a"},{"number":138,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.021","source":"がん","translation":"cancer (See Cult. Notes)","reading":"がん","words":[{"text":"がん","gloss":"cancer"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.021.m4a"},{"number":139,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.022","source":"心ぞう病","translation":"heart disease","reading":"しんぞうびょう","words":[{"text":"心ぞう病","gloss":"heart disease","reading":"しんぞうびょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.022.m4a"},{"number":140,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.023","source":"はいえん","translation":"pneumonia","reading":"はいえん","words":[{"text":"はいえん","gloss":"pneumonia"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.023.m4a"},{"number":141,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.024","source":"のういっけつ","translation":"stroke, cerebral hemorrhage","reading":"のういっけつ","words":[{"text":"のういっけつ","gloss":"cerebral hemorrhage"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.024.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"いのち取り","gloss":"killer (as of illness or cause of death)"},{"word":"どう言う訳","gloss":"what reason"},{"word":"けんこう保険","gloss":"health insurance"},{"word":"社会保険","gloss":"social insurance"},{"word":"せいど","gloss":"system"},{"word":"心ぞう病","gloss":"heart disease"},{"word":"はいえん","gloss":"pneumonia"},{"word":"のういっけつ","gloss":"stroke, cerebral hemorrhage"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Infections and vaccination words · Word list 3 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Infection and vaccination","paragraphs":["These words name infections, childhood diseases, vaccines, injections, and death. *インフルエンザ* means \"influenza,\" *小児病* means \"disease of children,\" and *ワクチン* means \"vaccine.\"","*これと言う* means \"definite\" or \"to speak of.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":142,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.025","source":"今のところ","translation":"as of now, at present","reading":"いまのところ","words":[{"text":"今のところ","gloss":"at present","reading":"いまのところ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.025.m4a"},{"number":143,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.026","source":"インフルエンザ","translation":"influenza","reading":"インフルエンザ","words":[{"text":"インフルエンザ","gloss":"influenza"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.026.m4a"},{"number":144,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.027","source":"せきり","translation":"dysentery","reading":"せきり","words":[{"text":"せきり","gloss":"dysentery"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.027.m4a"},{"number":145,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.028","source":"これと言う","translation":"definite, to speak of, (See Gram. Notes)","reading":"これという","words":[{"text":"これと言う","gloss":"definite","reading":"これという"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.028.m4a"},{"number":146,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.029","source":"小児病","translation":"disease of children","reading":"しょうにびょう","words":[{"text":"小児病","gloss":"childhood disease","reading":"しょうにびょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.029.m4a"},{"number":147,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.030","source":"百日ぜき","translation":"whooping cough","reading":"ひゃくにちぜき","words":[{"text":"百日ぜき","gloss":"whooping cough","reading":"ひゃくにちぜき"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.030.m4a"},{"number":148,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.031","source":"ジフテリア","translation":"diphtheria","reading":"ジフテリア","words":[{"text":"ジフテリア","gloss":"diphtheria"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.031.m4a"},{"number":149,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.032","source":"はしか","translation":"measles","reading":"はしか","words":[{"text":"はしか","gloss":"measles"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.032.m4a"},{"number":150,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.033","source":"ワクチン","translation":"vaccine","reading":"ワクチン","words":[{"text":"ワクチン","gloss":"vaccine"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.033.m4a"},{"number":151,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.034","source":"ちゅうしゃ(する)","translation":"injection (to give an injection)","reading":"ちゅうしゃ(する)","words":[{"text":"ちゅうしゃ(する)","gloss":"give an injection"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.034.m4a"},{"number":152,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.035","source":"そう言う","translation":"such a","reading":"そういう","words":[{"text":"そう言う","gloss":"such a","reading":"そういう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.035.m4a"},{"number":153,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.036","source":"しぬ","translation":"die (v.i.)","reading":"しぬ","words":[{"text":"しぬ","gloss":"die"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.036.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"今のところ","gloss":"as of now, at present"},{"word":"せきり","gloss":"dysentery"},{"word":"これと言う","gloss":"definite, to speak of, (See Gram. Notes)"},{"word":"小児病","gloss":"disease of children"},{"word":"百日ぜき","gloss":"whooping cough"},{"word":"ジフテリア","gloss":"diphtheria"},{"word":"はしか","gloss":"measles"},{"word":"ちゅうしゃ(する)","gloss":"injection (to give an injection)"},{"word":"そう言う","gloss":"such a"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Foodborne illness words · Word list 4 of 4","teaching":[{"title":"Disease and food","paragraphs":["These words cover major infectious diseases, refrigeration, food, and food poisoning. *コレラ* means \"cholera,\" *チフス* means \"typhus,\" and *れいぞうこ* means \"refrigerator.\"","*食物関係の* means \"related to food,\" while *食あたり* means \"food poisoning.\""]}],"lines":[{"number":154,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.037","source":"コレラ","translation":"cholera","reading":"コレラ","words":[{"text":"コレラ","gloss":"cholera"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.037.m4a"},{"number":155,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.038","source":"チフス","translation":"typhus","reading":"チフス","words":[{"text":"チフス","gloss":"typhus"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.038.m4a"},{"number":156,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.039","source":"小児まひ病","translation":"infantile paralysis","reading":"しょうにまひびょう","words":[{"text":"小児まひ病","gloss":"infantile paralysis","reading":"しょうにまひびょう"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.039.m4a"},{"number":157,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.040","source":"困った事がありました。","translation":"had had a difficult time","reading":"こまったことがありました。","words":[{"text":"困った事がありました。","gloss":"had a difficult time","reading":"こまったことがありました。"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.040.m4a"},{"number":158,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.041","source":"一ぱんに","translation":"in general, generally","reading":"いっぱんに","words":[{"text":"一ぱんに","gloss":"in general","reading":"いっぱんに"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.041.m4a"},{"number":159,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.042","source":"れいぞうこ","translation":"refrigerator","reading":"れいぞうこ","words":[{"text":"れいぞうこ","gloss":"refrigerator"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.042.m4a"},{"number":160,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.043","source":"食物","translation":"food","reading":"しょくもつ","words":[{"text":"食物","gloss":"food","reading":"しょくもつ"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.043.m4a"},{"number":161,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.044","source":"関係","translation":"relationship","reading":"かんけい","words":[{"text":"関係","gloss":"relationship","reading":"かんけい"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.044.m4a"},{"number":162,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.045","source":"食物関係の","translation":"related to food","reading":"しょくもつかんけいの","words":[{"text":"食物関係の","gloss":"related to food","reading":"しょくもつかんけいの"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.045.m4a"},{"number":163,"id":"ja.dli.L086.w.046","source":"食あたり","translation":"food poisoning","reading":"しょくあたり","words":[{"text":"食あたり","gloss":"food poisoning","reading":"しょくあたり"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-ja/ja.dli.L086.w.046.m4a"}],"grammar":[{"section":4,"text":"Guide for Free Conversation\n\n1 Topic Titles:\n\na Talk about contagious diseases both in japan and in America\n\nb Talk about tuberculosis in japan.\n\nc Talk about children’s diseases.\n\nd Talk about the most common sickness in japan."},{"section":5,"text":"Homework\n\n1 Memorize the Dialogue and the vocabulary.\n\n2 Study Grammar Perception Drill.\n\n3 Study pattern Practice and do the exercise following each pattern,\n\n4 Learn to read and write new Kanji.\n\n5 Read the Explanatory Notes.\n\n6 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given."}],"vocabulary":[{"word":"コレラ","gloss":"cholera"},{"word":"小児まひ病","gloss":"infantile paralysis"},{"word":"困った事がありました。","gloss":"had had a difficult time"},{"word":"一ぱんに","gloss":"in general, generally"},{"word":"れいぞうこ","gloss":"refrigerator"},{"word":"食物関係の","gloss":"related to food"}],"paradigms":[]}]}