{"course":{"lang":"la","language":"Latin","title":"Prīmus et Secundus Annus","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la","source":"Paine and Mainwaring, Prīmus Annus (Oxford, 1912) and Secundus Annus (1917); Appleton and Jones, Puer Rōmānus (1913); D'Ooge, Latin for Beginners (Boston, 1911); Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles (1903). Public domain. The teaching pages, the glosses and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":15,"id":"la.module.pr.31-35","title":"Capita 31–35","stage":"Puer Romanus","situation":"Dē cervīs; Dolus piscātōrum; Lūdī magister scelerātissimus; Physiōgnōmōn; Advena","outcome":"Chapters 31–35 of the reader, read whole","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/15","lines":137},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/14","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/16","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/","sections":[{"title":"Dē cervīs (Puer Rōmānus 31)","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.1","source":"Haec mihi mīrantī vīlicus ille de cervīs pergit.","translation":"While I was wondering at this, the bailiff goes on about the deer.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Haec","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"mīrantī","gloss":"miro: be amazed/surprised/bewildered (at)"},{"text":"vīlicus","gloss":"vilicus: steward, overseer of a farm"},{"text":"ille","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"de","gloss":"down from; concerning"},{"text":"cervīs","gloss":"cerva: doe, hind"},{"text":"pergit.","gloss":"pergo: go on, proceed"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.1.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.2","source":"‘Cervae quoque, aestīvō tempore, pāscendī causā, ex Siciliā Rhēgium trānsmīttunt; quī cum nōn exiguus sit trāiectus, fit tandem ut dēficiant, aegrēque suprā aquam capita tollant.","translation":"'The deer too, in summertime, cross over from Sicily to Rhegium for the sake of pasture; and since the crossing is not a short one, it comes about at last that they give out and can hardly lift their heads above the water.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Cervae","gloss":"cerva: doe, hind"},{"text":"quoque,","gloss":"also; after"},{"text":"aestīvō","gloss":"aestivo: spend/pass the summer"},{"text":"tempore,","gloss":"tempus: time"},{"text":"pāscendī","gloss":"pasco: feed, feed on"},{"text":"causā,","gloss":"causa: cause, reason"},{"text":"ex","gloss":"out of, from"},{"text":"Siciliā","gloss":"Sicilia: Sicily"},{"text":"Rhēgium","gloss":"Rhegium: Rhegium (a name)"},{"text":"trānsmīttunt;","gloss":"transmitto: send across"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"exiguus","gloss":"small"},{"text":"sit","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"trāiectus,","gloss":"traicio: transfer"},{"text":"fit","gloss":"fio: become, be made"},{"text":"tandem","gloss":"at length, finally"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"dēficiant,","gloss":"deficio: fail, disappoint, let down"},{"text":"aegrēque","gloss":"aeger: sick/ill, infirm"},{"text":"suprā","gloss":"supra: on top"},{"text":"aquam","gloss":"aqua: water"},{"text":"capita","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"tollant.","gloss":"tollo: lift, raise"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.2.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.3","source":"Ergō hoc excōgitāvērunt remedium.","translation":"So they have thought out this remedy.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ergō","gloss":"ergo: therefore"},{"text":"hoc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"excōgitāvērunt","gloss":"excogito: think out"},{"text":"remedium.","gloss":"remedy, cure"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.3.m4a"},{"number":4,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.4","source":"Singillātim omnēs natant ōrdine, ut alteram sequātur altera, nōn aliter quam bene īnstrūctus prōcēdit exercitus.","translation":"They all swim one by one in a line, so that one follows another, just as a well-drawn-up army advances.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Singillātim","gloss":"singillatim: one by one, singly, separately"},{"text":"omnēs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"natant","gloss":"nato: swim"},{"text":"ōrdine,","gloss":"ordo: row, rank"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"alteram","gloss":"alter: the one, the other"},{"text":"sequātur","gloss":"sequor: follow"},{"text":"altera,","gloss":"alter: the one, the other"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"aliter","gloss":"otherwise, differently"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"bene","gloss":"well"},{"text":"īnstrūctus","gloss":"instruo: construct, build"},{"text":"prōcēdit","gloss":"procedo: proceed"},{"text":"exercitus.","gloss":"exercitus2: army, infantry"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.4.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.5","source":"Sequentis enim caput priōris incumbit laterī, atque ita natant dōnec dēfatīgētur prīma quae āgmen dūcit.","translation":"For the head of the one behind rests on the side of the one in front, and so they swim until the first, which leads the column, is worn out.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Sequentis","gloss":"sequor: follow"},{"text":"enim","gloss":"for, in fact, indeed."},{"text":"caput","gloss":"head"},{"text":"priōris","gloss":"prior: ahead, in front, leading"},{"text":"incumbit","gloss":"incumbo: lean forward/over/on, press on"},{"text":"laterī,","gloss":"later: brick"},{"text":"atque","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ita","gloss":"thus, in this way, as follows"},{"text":"natant","gloss":"nato: swim"},{"text":"dōnec","gloss":"donec: while, as long as, until"},{"text":"dēfatīgētur","gloss":"defatigo: tire (out), exhaust"},{"text":"prīma","gloss":"prima: chiefs (pl.), nobles"},{"text":"quae","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"āgmen","gloss":"agmen: stream"},{"text":"dūcit.","gloss":"duco: lead, conduct"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.5.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"la.pr.C31.s1.6","source":"Quod cum fit, illa in tergō locātur, et alia prīmum tenet locum.’","translation":"When that happens, she is placed at the back, and another takes the first place.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"fit,","gloss":"fio: become, be made"},{"text":"illa","gloss":"ille: that; he, she, it"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"tergō","gloss":"tergum: back"},{"text":"locātur,","gloss":"loquor: speak, tell"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"alia","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"prīmum","gloss":"primus: first"},{"text":"tenet","gloss":"teneo: keep, hold"},{"text":"locum.’","gloss":"locus: place, spot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s1.6.m4a"},{"number":7,"id":"la.pr.C31.s2.1","source":"Utrum haec fābula vēra sit necne, nesciō, sed cum vīlicum offendere nōllem, mē crēdere simulāvī.","translation":"Whether this story is true or not, I do not know, but since I did not want to offend the bailiff, I pretended to believe it.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Utrum","gloss":"uter: which (of two)"},{"text":"haec","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"fābula","gloss":"fabula: story, tale, fable"},{"text":"vēra","gloss":"verum: wether (castrated male sheep)"},{"text":"sit","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"necne,","gloss":"nor"},{"text":"nesciō,","gloss":"nescius: unaware, not knowing, ignorant"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"vīlicum","gloss":"vilicus: wife of a farm overseer"},{"text":"offendere","gloss":"offendo: offend, give offense (to)"},{"text":"nōllem,","gloss":"nolo: not want, be unwilling"},{"text":"mē","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"crēdere","gloss":"credo: trust, believe"},{"text":"simulāvī.","gloss":"simulo: imitate, copy"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s2.1.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"la.pr.C31.s2.2","source":"Deinde tot rēbus spectātīs dēfessus ad novum meum cubiculum abīvī.","translation":"Then, tired out with looking at so many things, I went off to my new bedroom.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"tot","gloss":"so many"},{"text":"rēbus","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"spectātīs","gloss":"specto: observe, watch, look at, see"},{"text":"dēfessus","gloss":"defetiscor: become exhausted/suffer exhaustion, grow weary/faint/tired/weak"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"novum","gloss":"novus: new"},{"text":"meum","gloss":"meus: my, mine"},{"text":"cubiculum","gloss":"bedroom"},{"text":"abīvī.","gloss":"abeo: depart, go away"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s2.2.m4a"},{"number":9,"id":"la.pr.C31.s3.1","source":"Posterō diē, māne experrēctus, ad flūmen, quod fundum nostrum praeterit, vīlicō comitante, piscandī causa ambulāvī.","translation":"The next day, waking in the morning, I walked to the river which runs past our farm, with the bailiff for company, to fish.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Posterō","gloss":"posterus: coming after, following, next"},{"text":"diē,","gloss":"dies: day"},{"text":"māne","gloss":"mane: morning, morn"},{"text":"experrēctus,","gloss":"expergiscor: awake"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"flūmen,","gloss":"flumen: river"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"fundum","gloss":"fundus: sling"},{"text":"nostrum","gloss":"noster: our"},{"text":"praeterit,","gloss":"praetero: be in charge/control/head (of) (w/DAT)"},{"text":"vīlicō","gloss":"vilico: perform duties of farm overseer"},{"text":"comitante,","gloss":"comito: accompany, go along with"},{"text":"piscandī","gloss":"piscor: fish"},{"text":"causa","gloss":"cause, reason"},{"text":"ambulāvī.","gloss":"ambulo: walk, take a walk, go on foot"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s3.1.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"la.pr.C31.s3.2","source":"Neque piscium cōpia dēerat, et dum apud rīpam sedēmus ‘Nōn eādem, quā Canius’ inquit vīlicus ‘fortūnā ūtimur’.","translation":"There was no lack of fish, and while we sit on the bank the bailiff said, 'We are not having the same luck as Canius.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Neque","gloss":"neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"piscium","gloss":"piscis: fish"},{"text":"cōpia","gloss":"copia: plenty, abundance; troops, forces"},{"text":"dēerat,","gloss":"desum: choose, pick out, select, take"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"dum","gloss":"while, as long as"},{"text":"apud","gloss":"among"},{"text":"rīpam","gloss":"ripa: bank"},{"text":"sedēmus","gloss":"sedeo: sit, remain"},{"text":"‘Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"eādem,","gloss":"idem: the same"},{"text":"quā","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"Canius’","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"vīlicus","gloss":"vilicus: steward, overseer of a farm"},{"text":"‘fortūnā","gloss":"fortuna: fortune"},{"text":"ūtimur’.","gloss":"uto: use, make use of, enjoy"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s3.2.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"la.pr.C31.s3.3","source":"‘Deinde mihi rogantī quid eī accidisset hanc nārrāvit fābulam.","translation":"Then, when I asked what had happened to him, he told me this story.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"rogantī","gloss":"rogo: ask, ask for"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"eī","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"accidisset","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"},{"text":"hanc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"nārrāvit","gloss":"narro: tell, relate"},{"text":"fābulam.","gloss":"fabula: story, tale, fable"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.s3.3.m4a"},{"number":12,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.1","source":"Cūr Rhēgium trānsmīttunt cervae ex Siciliā?","translation":"Why do the deer cross over to Rhegium from Sicily?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"Rhēgium","gloss":"Rhegium: Rhegium (a name)"},{"text":"trānsmīttunt","gloss":"transmitto: send across"},{"text":"cervae","gloss":"cerva: doe, hind"},{"text":"ex","gloss":"out of, from"},{"text":"Siciliā?","gloss":"Sicilia: Sicily"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.1.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.2","source":"Cūr accidit ut dēficiant?","translation":"Why does it come about that they give out?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"accidit","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"dēficiant?","gloss":"deficio: fail, disappoint, let down"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.2.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.3","source":"Quāle igitur remedium excōgitant?","translation":"What remedy, then, do they think out?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quāle","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"remedium","gloss":"remedy, cure"},{"text":"excōgitant?","gloss":"excogito: think out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.3.m4a"},{"number":15,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.4","source":"Quid faciunt cum prīma cerva dēfatīgātur?","translation":"What do they do when the first deer is worn out?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"faciunt","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"prīma","gloss":"prima: chiefs (pl.), nobles"},{"text":"cerva","gloss":"doe, hind"},{"text":"dēfatīgātur?","gloss":"tire (out), exhaust"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.4.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.5","source":"Cūr simulāvī mē vīlicō crēdere?","translation":"Why did I pretend to believe the bailiff?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"simulāvī","gloss":"simulo: imitate, copy"},{"text":"mē","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"vīlicō","gloss":"vilico: perform duties of farm overseer"},{"text":"crēdere?","gloss":"credo: trust, believe"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.5.m4a"},{"number":17,"id":"la.pr.C31.pB.6","source":"Quid posterō diē fēcī?","translation":"What did I do the next day?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"posterō","gloss":"posterus: coming after, following, next"},{"text":"diē","gloss":"dies: day"},{"text":"fēcī?","gloss":"facio: do, make"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C31.pB.6.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"cervīs","gloss":"doe, hind, from cerva"},{"word":"trānsmīttunt","gloss":"send across, from transmitto"},{"word":"exiguus","gloss":"small"},{"word":"trāiectus","gloss":"transfer, from traicio"},{"word":"aegrēque","gloss":"sick, from aeger"},{"word":"excōgitāvērunt","gloss":"think out, from excogito"},{"word":"remedium","gloss":"remedy, cure"},{"word":"Singillātim","gloss":"one by one, singly"},{"word":"īnstrūctus","gloss":"construct, build, from instruo"},{"word":"dēfatīgētur","gloss":"tire, exhaust, from defatigo"},{"word":"offendere","gloss":"offend, give offense, from offendo"},{"word":"praeterit","gloss":"be in charge, from praetero"},{"word":"vīlicō","gloss":"perform duties of farm overseer"},{"word":"piscandī","gloss":"fish, from piscor"},{"word":"Canius","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"word":"dēfatīgātur","gloss":"tire, exhaust"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Dolus piscātōrum (Puer Rōmānus 32)","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":18,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.1","source":"C. Canius, eques Rōmānus, cum sē Syrācūsās ōtiandī (ut ipse dīcere solēbat) nōn negōtiandī causā, contulisset, dīctitābat sē hortulōs aliquōs velle emere, quō invītāre amīcōs, et ubi sē oblectāre sine interpellātiōnibus posset.","translation":"'Gaius Canius, a Roman knight, when he had taken himself to Syracuse to be at leisure (as he himself used to say) and not on business, kept saying that he wanted to buy some gardens, to which he might invite his friends and where he might enjoy himself without interruptions.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"C.","gloss":"C (a name)"},{"text":"Canius,","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"eques","gloss":"horseman, cavalryman"},{"text":"Rōmānus,","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"Syrācūsās","gloss":"Syracusae: Syracuse (pl.)"},{"text":"ōtiandī","gloss":"otior: be at leisure, enjoy a holiday"},{"text":"(ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"dīcere","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"solēbat)","gloss":"soleo: solace, console, comfort"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"negōtiandī","gloss":"negotior: carry on business"},{"text":"causā,","gloss":"causa: cause, reason"},{"text":"contulisset,","gloss":"confero: bring together, carry/convey"},{"text":"dīctitābat","gloss":"dictito: repeat"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"hortulōs","gloss":"hortulus: small/little garden"},{"text":"aliquōs","gloss":"aliqui: anyone/anybody/anything"},{"text":"velle","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"emere,","gloss":"emo: buy, purchase"},{"text":"quō","gloss":"quo: whither, where; in order to, that"},{"text":"invītāre","gloss":"invito: invite, summon"},{"text":"amīcōs,","gloss":"amicus: friend"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ubi","gloss":"where"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"oblectāre","gloss":"oblecto: delight, please, amuse"},{"text":"sine","gloss":"without"},{"text":"interpellātiōnibus","gloss":"interpellatio: interruption in speaking"},{"text":"posset.","gloss":"possum: be able, can"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.1.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.2","source":"Quod cum percrēbuisset, Pȳthius eī quīdam, quī argentāriam faceret Syrācūsīs, dīxit vēnālēs quidem sē hortōs nōn habēre, sed licēre ūtī Caniō, sī vellet, ut suīs; et simul ad cēnam hominem in hortōs invītāvit in posterum diem.","translation":"When this had got about, one Pythius, who was a banker at Syracuse, told him that he had no gardens for sale, but that Canius might use his as his own, if he wished; and at the same time he invited the man to dinner in the gardens on the next day.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"percrēbuisset,","gloss":"percrebesco: become very frequent, become very widespread"},{"text":"Pȳthius","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"eī","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"quīdam,","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"argentāriam","gloss":"argentaria: bank"},{"text":"faceret","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"Syrācūsīs,","gloss":"Syracusae: Syracuse (pl.)"},{"text":"dīxit","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"vēnālēs","gloss":"venalis: for sale"},{"text":"quidem","gloss":"to be sure, certainly, indeed"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"hortōs","gloss":"hortus: garden"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"habēre,","gloss":"habeo: have, hold; regard, consider, deem"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"licēre","gloss":"liceo: it is permitted, one may"},{"text":"ūtī","gloss":"uto: use, make use of, enjoy"},{"text":"Caniō,","gloss":"Canius: kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"sī","gloss":"si: if"},{"text":"vellet,","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"suīs;","gloss":"suus: his, her, hers, its, their, theirs"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"simul","gloss":"at the same time"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"cēnam","gloss":"cena: dinner"},{"text":"hominem","gloss":"homo: man, human being, person, fellow"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"hortōs","gloss":"hortus: garden"},{"text":"invītāvit","gloss":"invito: invite, summon"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"posterum","gloss":"posterus: coming after, following, next"},{"text":"diem.","gloss":"dies: day"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.2.m4a"},{"number":20,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.3","source":"Cum ille prōmīsisset, tum Pȳthius, quī esset, ut argentārius, apud omnēs ōrdinēs grātiōsus, piscātōrēs ad sē convocāvit, et ab hīs petīvit ut ante suōs hortulōs postrīdiē piscārentur; dīxitque quid eōs facere vellet.","translation":"When he had accepted, Pythius, who as a banker was in favour with every rank, called the fishermen together to him and asked them to fish the next day in front of his gardens; and he told them what he wanted them to do.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"ille","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"prōmīsisset,","gloss":"promitto: promise"},{"text":"tum","gloss":"then, at that time"},{"text":"Pȳthius,","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"esset,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"argentārius,","gloss":"argentarius: pertaining to silver or money, silver-"},{"text":"apud","gloss":"among"},{"text":"omnēs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"ōrdinēs","gloss":"ordo: row, rank"},{"text":"grātiōsus,","gloss":"gratiosus: agreeable, enjoying favor"},{"text":"piscātōrēs","gloss":"piscator: fisherman"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"convocāvit,","gloss":"convoco: call together, summon"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ab","gloss":"from, by"},{"text":"hīs","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"petīvit","gloss":"peto: aim at, assail, storm, attack; seek, ask"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"ante","gloss":"before"},{"text":"suōs","gloss":"suus: his, her, hers, its, their, theirs"},{"text":"hortulōs","gloss":"hortulus: small/little garden"},{"text":"postrīdiē","gloss":"postridie: on the next day"},{"text":"piscārentur;","gloss":"piscor: fish"},{"text":"dīxitque","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"facere","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"vellet.","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.3.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.4","source":"Ad cēnam tempore vēnit Canius; opiparē ā Pȳthiō apparātum convīvium; cymbārum ante oculōs multitūdō; prō sē quisque quod cēperat, afferēbat; ante pedēs Pȳthiī piscēs abiciēbantur.","translation":"Canius came to dinner at the right time; a splendid banquet had been got ready by Pythius; a multitude of boats before their eyes; each man brought forward what he had caught; the fish were thrown down before Pythius' feet.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"cēnam","gloss":"cena: dinner"},{"text":"tempore","gloss":"tempus: time"},{"text":"vēnit","gloss":"venio: come, go"},{"text":"Canius;","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"opiparē","gloss":"splendidly, richly, sumptuously"},{"text":"ā","gloss":"a: from, by, off"},{"text":"Pȳthiō","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"apparātum","gloss":"apparo: prepare, fit out, make ready, equip, provide"},{"text":"convīvium;","gloss":"convivium: banquet/feast/dinner party"},{"text":"cymbārum","gloss":"cymba: skiff, small boat"},{"text":"ante","gloss":"before"},{"text":"oculōs","gloss":"oculus: eye"},{"text":"multitūdō;","gloss":"multitudo: multitude"},{"text":"prō","gloss":"pro: before; in behalf of; instead of"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"quisque","gloss":"each, each one, every"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"cēperat,","gloss":"capio: take, seize, capture"},{"text":"afferēbat;","gloss":"adfero: bring to, carry, convey"},{"text":"ante","gloss":"before"},{"text":"pedēs","gloss":"pes: foot"},{"text":"Pȳthiī","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"piscēs","gloss":"piscis: fish"},{"text":"abiciēbantur.","gloss":"abicio: throw/cast away/down/aside"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.4.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.5","source":"Tum Canius ‘Quaesō’ inquit, ‘quid est hoc, Pȳthī, tantumne piscium, tantumne cymbārum?’","translation":"Then Canius said, 'Tell me, Pythius, what is this, so many fish, so many boats?'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Tum","gloss":"then, at that time"},{"text":"Canius","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"‘Quaesō’","gloss":"quaeso: beg, ask, ask for, seek"},{"text":"inquit,","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"‘quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"hoc,","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"Pȳthī,","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"tantumne","gloss":"tantus: so great"},{"text":"piscium,","gloss":"piscis: fish"},{"text":"tantumne","gloss":"tantus: so great"},{"text":"cymbārum?’","gloss":"cymba: skiff, small boat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.5.m4a"},{"number":23,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.6","source":"Et ille ‘Quid mīrum?’ inquit ‘hōc locō est, Syrācūsīs quidquid est piscium; haec aquātiō; hāc vīllā istī carēre nōn possunt’.","translation":"And he said, 'What is the wonder? In this place is all the fish there is at Syracuse; this is their watering place; those men cannot do without this house.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ille","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"‘Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"mīrum?’","gloss":"mirus: wonderful, marvelous"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"‘hōc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"locō","gloss":"locus: place, spot"},{"text":"est,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"Syrācūsīs","gloss":"Syracusae: Syracuse (pl.)"},{"text":"quidquid","gloss":"quisquis: who"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"piscium;","gloss":"piscis: fish"},{"text":"haec","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"aquātiō;","gloss":"aquatio: fetching/drawing water"},{"text":"hāc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"vīllā","gloss":"villa: farm, villa"},{"text":"istī","gloss":"iste: that; he, she, it"},{"text":"carēre","gloss":"careo: be without/absent from/devoid of/free from"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"possunt’.","gloss":"possum: be able, can"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.6.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.7","source":"Incēnsus Canius cupiditāte, contendit ā Pȳthiō ut venderet.","translation":"Canius, set on fire with longing, pressed Pythius to sell.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Incēnsus","gloss":"incensus2: unassessed, not assessed"},{"text":"Canius","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"cupiditāte,","gloss":"cupiditas: enthusiasm/eagerness/passion"},{"text":"contendit","gloss":"contendo: strain, struggle; hasten"},{"text":"ā","gloss":"a: from, by, off"},{"text":"Pȳthiō","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"venderet.","gloss":"vendo: sell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.7.m4a"},{"number":25,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.8","source":"Quid multa?","translation":"Why say more?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"multa?","gloss":"multus: much; many"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.8.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.9","source":"Impetrat; emit tantī, quantī Pȳthius voluit, et emit īnstrūctōs; nōmina facit, negōtium cōnficit.","translation":"He gets his way; he buys at the price Pythius wanted, and buys them fully furnished; he draws up the accounts and completes the business.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Impetrat;","gloss":"impetro: obtain/procure (by asking/request/entreaty)"},{"text":"emit","gloss":"emo: buy"},{"text":"tantī,","gloss":"tantus: of such size"},{"text":"quantī","gloss":"quantus: how great"},{"text":"Pȳthius","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"},{"text":"voluit,","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"emit","gloss":"emo: buy"},{"text":"īnstrūctōs;","gloss":"instruo: construct, build"},{"text":"nōmina","gloss":"nomen: name, family name"},{"text":"facit,","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"negōtium","gloss":"negotium: business, affair, matter"},{"text":"cōnficit.","gloss":"conficio: make, construct"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.9.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.10","source":"Invītat Canius postrīdiē familiārēs suōs; venit ipse mātūrē.","translation":"The next day Canius invites his friends; he comes himself early.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Invītat","gloss":"invito: invite, summon"},{"text":"Canius","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"postrīdiē","gloss":"postridie: on the next day"},{"text":"familiārēs","gloss":"familiaris: member of household (family/servant/esp. slave)"},{"text":"suōs;","gloss":"suus: his, her, hers, its, their, theirs"},{"text":"venit","gloss":"venio: come, go"},{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"mātūrē.","gloss":"quickly"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.10.m4a"},{"number":28,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.11","source":"Scalmum nūllum videt; quaerit ex proximō vīcīnō num fēriae quaedam piscātōrum essent, quod eōs nūllōs vidēret.","translation":"He sees not a single rowlock; he asks the nearest neighbour whether it was some fishermen's holiday, since he saw none of them.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Scalmum","gloss":"scalmus: thole-pin, rowlock"},{"text":"nūllum","gloss":"nullus: not any, none, no"},{"text":"videt;","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"quaerit","gloss":"quaero: search for, seek, strive for"},{"text":"ex","gloss":"out of, from"},{"text":"proximō","gloss":"proximus: nearest, next"},{"text":"vīcīnō","gloss":"vicinum: neighbor"},{"text":"num","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"fēriae","gloss":"feriae: festival/holy day"},{"text":"quaedam","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"piscātōrum","gloss":"piscator: fisherman"},{"text":"essent,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"nūllōs","gloss":"nullus: not any, none, no"},{"text":"vidēret.","gloss":"video: see, perceive"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.11.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"la.pr.C32.s1.12","source":"‘Nūllae, quod sciam,’ inquit ille, ‘sed hīc piscārī nūllī solent; itaque herī mīrābar quid accidisset!’","translation":"'None that I know of,' said the man, 'but no one usually fishes here; and so yesterday I wondered what had happened!'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Nūllae,","gloss":"nullus: no, none"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"sciam,’","gloss":"scius: cognizant, possessing knowledge"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"ille,","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"‘sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"hīc","gloss":"hic: here"},{"text":"piscārī","gloss":"piscarius: fish-"},{"text":"nūllī","gloss":"nullus: not any, none, no"},{"text":"solent;","gloss":"soleo: solace, console, comfort"},{"text":"itaque","gloss":"and so, therefore, accordingly"},{"text":"herī","gloss":"erus: kind of cultivated vetch"},{"text":"mīrābar","gloss":"miro: be amazed/surprised/bewildered (at)"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"accidisset!’","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s1.12.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"la.pr.C32.s2.1","source":"Stomachābātur Canius; sed quid faceret?","translation":"Canius was angry; but what could he do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Stomachābātur","gloss":"stomachor: be angry, boil with rage"},{"text":"Canius;","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"faceret?","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.s2.1.m4a"},{"number":31,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.1","source":"Cūr Syrācūsās sē contulit Canius?","translation":"Why did Canius take himself to Syracuse?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"Syrācūsās","gloss":"Syracusae: Syracuse (pl.)"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"contulit","gloss":"confero: bring together"},{"text":"Canius?","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.1.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.2","source":"Cūr voluit hortōs emere?","translation":"Why did he want to buy gardens?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"voluit","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"hortōs","gloss":"hortus: garden"},{"text":"emere?","gloss":"emo: buy, purchase"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.2.m4a"},{"number":33,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.3","source":"Quis erat Pȳthius?","translation":"Who was Pythius?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quis","gloss":"who?"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"Pȳthius?","gloss":"Pythius: Pythius (a name)"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.3.m4a"},{"number":34,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.4","source":"Quid fēcit cum audiisset Canium velle hortōs emere?","translation":"What did he do when he had heard that Canius wanted to buy gardens?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"fēcit","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"audiisset","gloss":"audio: hear, listen, accept, agree with"},{"text":"Canium","gloss":"Canis: dog"},{"text":"velle","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"hortōs","gloss":"hortus: garden"},{"text":"emere?","gloss":"emo: buy, purchase"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.4.m4a"},{"number":35,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.5","source":"Cūr ad sē vocāvit piscātōrēs?","translation":"Why did he call the fishermen to him?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"vocāvit","gloss":"voco: call, summon, invite"},{"text":"piscātōrēs?","gloss":"piscator: fisherman"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.5.m4a"},{"number":36,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.6","source":"Quid postrīdiē vīdit Canius in hortīs?","translation":"What did Canius see in the gardens the next day?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"postrīdiē","gloss":"postridie: on the next day"},{"text":"vīdit","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"Canius","gloss":"kind of wild nettle"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"hortīs?","gloss":"hortus: garden, fruit/kitchen garden"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.6.m4a"},{"number":37,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.7","source":"Quid igitur voluit facere?","translation":"What then did he want to do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"voluit","gloss":"volo: will, be willing; wish"},{"text":"facere?","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.7.m4a"},{"number":38,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.8","source":"Quantī ēmit hortōs?","translation":"For how much did he buy the gardens?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quantī","gloss":"quantus: how great"},{"text":"ēmit","gloss":"emo: buy"},{"text":"hortōs?","gloss":"hortus: garden"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.8.m4a"},{"number":39,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.9","source":"Quid posterō diē fēcit?","translation":"What did he do the next day?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"posterō","gloss":"posterus: coming after, following, next"},{"text":"diē","gloss":"dies: day"},{"text":"fēcit?","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.9.m4a"},{"number":40,"id":"la.pr.C32.pB.10","source":"Deinde quid accidit?","translation":"What then happened?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"accidit?","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C32.pB.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"ōtiandī","gloss":"be at leisure, enjoy a, from otior"},{"word":"negōtiandī","gloss":"carry on business, from negotior"},{"word":"dīctitābat","gloss":"repeat, from dictito"},{"word":"oblectāre","gloss":"delight, please, from oblecto"},{"word":"interpellātiōnibus","gloss":"interruption in speaking, from interpellatio"},{"word":"percrēbuisset","gloss":"become very frequent, become very, from percrebesco"},{"word":"argentāriam","gloss":"bank, from argentaria"},{"word":"vēnālēs","gloss":"for sale, from venalis"},{"word":"argentārius","gloss":"pertaining to silver or money"},{"word":"grātiōsus","gloss":"agreeable, enjoying favor"},{"word":"piscātōrēs","gloss":"fisherman, from piscator"},{"word":"opiparē","gloss":"splendidly, richly"},{"word":"cymbārum","gloss":"skiff, small boat, from cymba"},{"word":"abiciēbantur","gloss":"throw, from abicio"},{"word":"Quaesō","gloss":"beg, ask"},{"word":"aquātiō","gloss":"fetching"},{"word":"Incēnsus","gloss":"unassessed, not assessed"},{"word":"cupiditāte","gloss":"enthusiasm, from cupiditas"},{"word":"Impetrat","gloss":"obtain, from impetro"},{"word":"cōnficit","gloss":"make, construct, from conficio"},{"word":"mātūrē","gloss":"quickly"},{"word":"Scalmum","gloss":"thole-pin, rowlock, from scalmus"},{"word":"vīcīnō","gloss":"neighbor, from vicinum"},{"word":"sciam","gloss":"cognizant, possessing knowledge, from scius"},{"word":"piscārī","gloss":"fish-, from piscarius"},{"word":"Stomachābātur","gloss":"be angry, boil with rage, from stomachor"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Lūdī magister scelerātissimus (Puer Rōmānus 33)","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":41,"id":"la.pr.C33.s1.1","source":"Quae cum vīlicus ille mihi nārrāvisset ego aliquid in memoriam revocāre cōnābar quod eī nārrārem.","translation":"When the bailiff had told me this, I tried to call to mind something that I might tell him.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quae","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"vīlicus","gloss":"vilicus: steward, overseer of a farm"},{"text":"ille","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"nārrāvisset","gloss":"narro: tell, tell about, relate, narrate, recount, describe"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"aliquid","gloss":"aliquis: anyone/anybody/anything"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"memoriam","gloss":"memoria: memory, recollection"},{"text":"revocāre","gloss":"revoco: call back, recall"},{"text":"cōnābar","gloss":"conor: attempt/try/endeavor, make an effort"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"eī","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"nārrārem.","gloss":"narro: tell, tell about, relate, narrate, recount, describe"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s1.1.m4a"},{"number":42,"id":"la.pr.C33.s1.2","source":"In mentem vēnit fābula quam apud Līvium ōlim in lūdō recitāvimus.","translation":"There came into my mind a story which we once read out from Livy at school.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"In","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"mentem","gloss":"mens: table"},{"text":"vēnit","gloss":"venio: come, go"},{"text":"fābula","gloss":"fabula: story, tale, fable"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"apud","gloss":"among"},{"text":"Līvium","gloss":"Livius: Livius (a name)"},{"text":"ōlim","gloss":"olim: formerly, once upon a time"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"lūdō","gloss":"ludo: play"},{"text":"recitāvimus.","gloss":"read aloud, recite"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s1.2.m4a"},{"number":43,"id":"la.pr.C33.s1.3","source":"Hunc igitur in modum incēpī.","translation":"So I began in this way.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Hunc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"modum","gloss":"modus: measure; manner, way, mode"},{"text":"incēpī.","gloss":"incipio: begin"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s1.3.m4a"},{"number":44,"id":"la.pr.C33.s1.4","source":"Ut tū multa scīs dē piscibus, cervīs, gruibus, cēterīsque animālibus, ita ego multa dē lūdōrum magistrīs, quōrum dē scelerātissimō nunc audī fābulam:","translation":"As you know many things about fish, deer, cranes and other animals, so I know many about schoolmasters, and now hear a story about the wickedest of them:","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"tū","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"multa","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"scīs","gloss":"scio: know, understand"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"piscibus,","gloss":"piscis: fish"},{"text":"cervīs,","gloss":"cerva: doe, hind"},{"text":"gruibus,","gloss":"grus: crane (machine)"},{"text":"cēterīsque","gloss":"ceter: the other"},{"text":"animālibus,","gloss":"animal: animal, living thing/offspring"},{"text":"ita","gloss":"thus, in this way, as follows"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"multa","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"lūdōrum","gloss":"ludor: game, play, sport, pastime, entertainment, fun"},{"text":"magistrīs,","gloss":"magister: teacher, tutor, master, expert, chief"},{"text":"quōrum","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"scelerātissimō","gloss":"criminal, wicked"},{"text":"nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"audī","gloss":"audio: hear, listen to"},{"text":"fābulam:","gloss":"fabula: story, tale, fable"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s1.4.m4a"},{"number":45,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.1","source":"‘Mōs erat Faliscīs eōdem magistrō līberōrum et comite ūtī, simulque plūrēs puerī ūnius cūrae dēmandābantur.","translation":"'It was the custom among the Falisci to use the same man as the teacher and the attendant of their children, and several boys at once were entrusted to the care of one man.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Mōs","gloss":"mos: custom, habit"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"Faliscīs","gloss":"Faliscus: of/belonging to Falisci (people of Etruria)"},{"text":"eōdem","gloss":"idem: the same"},{"text":"magistrō","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"līberōrum","gloss":"liberi: children"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"comite","gloss":"comes: eating, consuming"},{"text":"ūtī,","gloss":"uto: use, make use of, enjoy"},{"text":"simulque","gloss":"simul: at the same time"},{"text":"plūrēs","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"puerī","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"ūnius","gloss":"unus: alone, a single/sole"},{"text":"cūrae","gloss":"cura: care, trouble"},{"text":"dēmandābantur.","gloss":"demando: entrust, hand over (to), commit"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.1.m4a"},{"number":46,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.2","source":"Prīncipum līberōs, sīcut ferē fit, quī scientiā vidēbātur praecellere, ērudiēbat.","translation":"The children of the leading men were taught, as generally happens, by the man who seemed to excel in learning.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Prīncipum","gloss":"princeps: leader/chief, first/leading member/citizen/man"},{"text":"līberōs,","gloss":"liberi: children"},{"text":"sīcut","gloss":"sicut: just as, as if"},{"text":"ferē","gloss":"fere: nearly, almost"},{"text":"fit,","gloss":"fio: become, be made"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"scientiā","gloss":"scientia: knowledge, science"},{"text":"vidēbātur","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"praecellere,","gloss":"praecello: surpass"},{"text":"ērudiēbat.","gloss":"erudio: educate, teach, instruct"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.2.m4a"},{"number":47,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.3","source":"Is cum in pāce īnstituisset puerōs ante urbem lūsūs exercendīque causā prōdūcere, nihil eō mōre per bellī tempus intermīssō, modo breviōribus, modo longiōribus spatiīs trahendō eōs ā portā lūsū sermōnibusque variātīs, longius solitō, ubi rēs dedit, prōgrēssus inter statiōnēs hostium, castraque inde Rōmāna (Rōmānī tunc oppidum obsidēbant) in praetōrium ad Camillum eōs perdūxit.","translation":"He had made a practice in peacetime of taking the boys outside the city for play and exercise, and he did not break off this custom at all in time of war, but drawing them away from the gate, now for shorter, now for longer distances, with play and varied talk, he went further than usual when the chance offered, and led them through the enemy's outposts and from there into the Roman camp (the Romans were then besieging the town), into the general's quarters, to Camillus.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Is","gloss":"this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"pāce","gloss":"pax: peace"},{"text":"īnstituisset","gloss":"instituo: set up, establish, found, make, institute"},{"text":"puerōs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"ante","gloss":"before"},{"text":"urbem","gloss":"urbs: city"},{"text":"lūsūs","gloss":"lusus2: plague, pestilence"},{"text":"exercendīque","gloss":"exercise, train, drill, practice"},{"text":"causā","gloss":"causa: cause, reason"},{"text":"prōdūcere,","gloss":"produco: lead forward, bring out"},{"text":"nihil","gloss":"nothing"},{"text":"eō","gloss":"is: he, she, it; that"},{"text":"mōre","gloss":"mos: custom, habit"},{"text":"per","gloss":"through"},{"text":"bellī","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"tempus","gloss":"time"},{"text":"intermīssō,","gloss":"intermitto: interrupt"},{"text":"modo","gloss":"only, merely, just now"},{"text":"breviōribus,","gloss":"brevis: short, little, small, stunted"},{"text":"modo","gloss":"only, merely, just now"},{"text":"longiōribus","gloss":"longus: long"},{"text":"spatiīs","gloss":"spatium: space"},{"text":"trahendō","gloss":"traho: draw, drag, haul"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"ā","gloss":"a: from, by, off"},{"text":"portā","gloss":"porta: gate"},{"text":"lūsū","gloss":"ludo: play, mock, tease, trick"},{"text":"sermōnibusque","gloss":"sermo: conversation, discussion"},{"text":"variātīs,","gloss":"vario: mark with contrasting colors, variegate"},{"text":"longius","gloss":"longus: long"},{"text":"solitō,","gloss":"solitum: custom"},{"text":"ubi","gloss":"where"},{"text":"rēs","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"dedit,","gloss":"do: give"},{"text":"prōgrēssus","gloss":"progredior: go, come forth, go forward, march forward"},{"text":"inter","gloss":"between, among"},{"text":"statiōnēs","gloss":"statio: outpost, picket"},{"text":"hostium,","gloss":"hostis: enemy"},{"text":"castraque","gloss":"castra: camp, military camp/field"},{"text":"inde","gloss":"from that place, thence"},{"text":"Rōmāna","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"(Rōmānī","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"tunc","gloss":"then, thereupon, at that time"},{"text":"oppidum","gloss":"town"},{"text":"obsidēbant)","gloss":"obsideo: besiege"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"praetōrium","gloss":"praetorium: prætorium"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"Camillum","gloss":"Camillus: handmaiden/female of unblemished character attendant in religious ceremonies"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"perdūxit.","gloss":"perduco: lead, guide"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.3.m4a"},{"number":48,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.4","source":"Ibi scelestō facinorī scelestiōrem sermōnem addit; Faleriōs sē in manūs Rōmānīs dedisse, quando eōs puerōs quōrum parentēs capita ibi rērum sint, in potestātem dēdiderit.","translation":"There he added to his wicked deed a still more wicked speech: that he had given Falerii into the hands of the Romans, since he had handed over into their power those boys whose parents were the chief men there.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ibi","gloss":"there, in that place"},{"text":"scelestō","gloss":"scelestus: infamous, wicked"},{"text":"facinorī","gloss":"facinus: deed"},{"text":"scelestiōrem","gloss":"scelestus: infamous, wicked"},{"text":"sermōnem","gloss":"sermo: conversation, discussion"},{"text":"addit;","gloss":"addo: add, insert, bring/attach to, say in addition"},{"text":"Faleriōs","gloss":"Falerii: Falisci (pl.)"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"manūs","gloss":"manus: manna"},{"text":"Rōmānīs","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"dedisse,","gloss":"do: give"},{"text":"quando","gloss":"when (interog), at what time"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"puerōs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"quōrum","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"parentēs","gloss":"parens2: parent, father, mother"},{"text":"capita","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"ibi","gloss":"there, in that place"},{"text":"rērum","gloss":"res: res"},{"text":"sint,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"potestātem","gloss":"potestas: power, rule, force"},{"text":"dēdiderit.","gloss":"dedo: give up/in, surrender"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.4.m4a"},{"number":49,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.5","source":"Quae ubi Camillus audīvit “Nōn ad similem” inquit, “tuī nec populum nec imperātōrem scelestus ipse cum scelestō mūnere vēnistī.","translation":"When Camillus heard this he said, 'It is not to a people or a general like yourself that you have come, wicked man with your wicked gift.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quae","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"ubi","gloss":"where"},{"text":"Camillus","gloss":"handmaiden/female of unblemished character attendant in religious ceremonies"},{"text":"audīvit","gloss":"audio: hear, listen to"},{"text":"“Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"similem”","gloss":"similis: like, similar, resembling"},{"text":"inquit,","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"“tuī","gloss":"tuus: your"},{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"populum","gloss":"populus: people"},{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"imperātōrem","gloss":"imperator: commander in chief, general"},{"text":"scelestus","gloss":"infamous, wicked"},{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"scelestō","gloss":"scelestus: infamous, wicked"},{"text":"mūnere","gloss":"munus: service"},{"text":"vēnistī.","gloss":"venio: come"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.5.m4a"},{"number":50,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.6","source":"Nōbīs cum Faliscīs, quae pāctō fit hūmānō, societās nōn est; quam ingenerāvit nātūra utrīsque, est eritque.","translation":"Between us and the Falisci there is no alliance made by human agreement; but the alliance which nature has bred in us both is there and will be.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōbīs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"Faliscīs,","gloss":"Faliscus: of/belonging to Falisci (people of Etruria)"},{"text":"quae","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"pāctō","gloss":"pango: compose"},{"text":"fit","gloss":"fio: become, be made"},{"text":"hūmānō,","gloss":"humano: make human"},{"text":"societās","gloss":"societas: society"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"est;","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"ingenerāvit","gloss":"ingenero: implant"},{"text":"nātūra","gloss":"natura: nature"},{"text":"utrīsque,","gloss":"uterque: each (of two)"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"eritque.","gloss":"sum: be"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.6.m4a"},{"number":51,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.7","source":"Sunt et bellī sīcut pācis iūra, iūstēque ea nōn minus quam fortiter didicimus gerere.","translation":"There are laws of war as of peace, and we have learnt to wage it justly no less than bravely.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Sunt","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"bellī","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"sīcut","gloss":"sicut: just as, as if"},{"text":"pācis","gloss":"pax: peace"},{"text":"iūra,","gloss":"jus: gravy"},{"text":"iūstēque","gloss":"justum: justice"},{"text":"ea","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"minus","gloss":"parvus: small, little"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"fortiter","gloss":"strongly; bravely"},{"text":"didicimus","gloss":"disco: learn"},{"text":"gerere.","gloss":"gero: bear, carry on; wear"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.7.m4a"},{"number":52,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.8","source":"Arma habēmus nōn adversus eam aetātem, cuī etiam captīs urbibus parcitur, sed adversus armātōs et ipsōs, quī, nec laesī nec lacessītī ā nōbīs, castra Rōmāna ad Vēiōs oppūgnārunt.","translation":"We carry arms not against that age which is spared even when cities are taken, but against men who are themselves armed, who, neither hurt nor provoked by us, attacked the Roman camp at Veii.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Arma","gloss":"arms"},{"text":"habēmus","gloss":"habeo: have, hold, consider, think, reason"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"adversus","gloss":"enemy/adversary/opponent (female)"},{"text":"eam","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"aetātem,","gloss":"aetas: lifetime, age, generation"},{"text":"cuī","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"etiam","gloss":"yet, still; also, besides"},{"text":"captīs","gloss":"captus: catch"},{"text":"urbibus","gloss":"urbs: city"},{"text":"parcitur,","gloss":"parco: forbear, refrain from"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"adversus","gloss":"enemy/adversary/opponent (female)"},{"text":"armātōs","gloss":"armatus: armed man (usu. pl.), soldier"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ipsōs,","gloss":"ipse: himself, herself, itself"},{"text":"quī,","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"laesī","gloss":"laedo: strike"},{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"lacessītī","gloss":"lacesso: provoke, excite, harass, challenge, harass"},{"text":"ā","gloss":"a: from, by, off"},{"text":"nōbīs,","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"castra","gloss":"castrum: fort; camp"},{"text":"Rōmāna","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"Vēiōs","gloss":"Veii: Veii (a name)"},{"text":"oppūgnārunt.","gloss":"oppugno: attack, assault, storm, besiege"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.8.m4a"},{"number":53,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.9","source":"Eōs tū, quantum in tē fuit, novō scelere vīcistī; ego Rōmānīs artibus, virtūte opere armīs, sīcut Vēiōs, vincam”.","translation":"Them you have beaten, as far as in you lay, by a new kind of crime; I shall beat them by Roman arts, by courage, by siege-works and by arms, as I beat Veii.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"tū,","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"quantum","gloss":"quantus: how great"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"tē","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"fuit,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"novō","gloss":"novo: make new, renovate"},{"text":"scelere","gloss":"scelus: crime"},{"text":"vīcistī;","gloss":"vinco: conquer, defeat, excel"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"Rōmānīs","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"artibus,","gloss":"ars: skill/craft/art"},{"text":"virtūte","gloss":"virtus: manliness, courage"},{"text":"opere","gloss":"opus: need"},{"text":"armīs,","gloss":"arma: arms"},{"text":"sīcut","gloss":"sicut: just as, as if"},{"text":"Vēiōs,","gloss":"Veii: Veii (a name)"},{"text":"vincam”.","gloss":"vinco: conquer, defeat, excel"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.9.m4a"},{"number":54,"id":"la.pr.C33.s2.10","source":"Dēnūdātum deinde eum, manibus post tergum illigātīs, redūcendum Falēriōs puerīs trādidit, virgāsque eīs, quibus prōditōrem agerent in urbem verberantēs, dedit.’","translation":"Then he had the man stripped and his hands tied behind his back, and handed him over to the boys to be taken back to Falerii, and gave them rods with which to drive the traitor into the city, beating him.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Dēnūdātum","gloss":"denudo: strip, denude, lay bare, uncover"},{"text":"deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"eum,","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"manibus","gloss":"manus: hand; band, force"},{"text":"post","gloss":"behind, after"},{"text":"tergum","gloss":"back"},{"text":"illigātīs,","gloss":"illigo: bind, fasten, tie up"},{"text":"redūcendum","gloss":"reduco: lead back, bring back"},{"text":"Falēriōs","gloss":"Falerii: Falisci (pl.)"},{"text":"puerīs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"trādidit,","gloss":"trado: give over, surrender, deliver"},{"text":"virgāsque","gloss":"twig, sprout, stalk"},{"text":"eīs,","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"quibus","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"prōditōrem","gloss":"proditor: traitor"},{"text":"agerent","gloss":"ago: drive; do, act"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"urbem","gloss":"urbs: city"},{"text":"verberantēs,","gloss":"verbero: beat, strike, lash"},{"text":"dedit.’","gloss":"do: give"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s2.10.m4a"},{"number":55,"id":"la.pr.C33.s3.1","source":"Quā recitātā fābulā ‘Tālia quidem’ inquam ‘hodiē numquam accidunt.","translation":"When this story had been told I said, 'Such things never happen today.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quā","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"recitātā","gloss":"recito: read aloud, recite"},{"text":"fābulā","gloss":"fabula: story, tale, fable"},{"text":"‘Tālia","gloss":"talis: such"},{"text":"quidem’","gloss":"to be sure, certainly, indeed"},{"text":"inquam","gloss":"say (defective)"},{"text":"‘hodiē","gloss":"hodie: to-day"},{"text":"numquam","gloss":"never"},{"text":"accidunt.","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s3.1.m4a"},{"number":56,"id":"la.pr.C33.s3.2","source":"Sed et apud nōs, nostrō in lūdō, mīra quaedam nōnnumquam accidunt’.","translation":"But among us too, in our school, some strange things sometimes happen.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"apud","gloss":"among"},{"text":"nōs,","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"nostrō","gloss":"noster: our, ours"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"lūdō,","gloss":"ludo: play"},{"text":"mīra","gloss":"mirus: wonderful, strange, remarkable, amazing, surprising, extraordinary"},{"text":"quaedam","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"nōnnumquam","gloss":"nonnumquam: sometimes"},{"text":"accidunt’.","gloss":"accido2: cut, cut into/down/up, hack, hew, fell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.s3.2.m4a"},{"number":57,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.1","source":"Quid solēbant Falīscī facere dē puerīs ēducandīs?","translation":"What did the Falisci usually do about the education of their boys?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"solēbant","gloss":"soleo: be wont, be accustomed"},{"text":"Falīscī","gloss":"Falisci: rack in a manger"},{"text":"facere","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"puerīs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"ēducandīs?","gloss":"educo2: bring up"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.1.m4a"},{"number":58,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.2","source":"Quis ērudiēbat prīncipum līberōs?","translation":"Who taught the children of the leading men?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quis","gloss":"who?"},{"text":"ērudiēbat","gloss":"erudio: educate, teach, instruct"},{"text":"prīncipum","gloss":"princeps: leader/chief, first/leading member/citizen/man"},{"text":"līberōs?","gloss":"liberi: children"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.2.m4a"},{"number":59,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.3","source":"Cūr solēbat puerōs ante urbem prōdūcere?","translation":"Why did he usually take the boys outside the city?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"solēbat","gloss":"soleo: solace, console, comfort"},{"text":"puerōs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"ante","gloss":"before"},{"text":"urbem","gloss":"urbs: city"},{"text":"prōdūcere?","gloss":"produco: lead forward, bring out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.3.m4a"},{"number":60,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.4","source":"Quōmodo inter hostium statiōnēs prōgrēssus est?","translation":"How did he get through the enemy's outposts?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quōmodo","gloss":"quomodo: how, in what way"},{"text":"inter","gloss":"between, among"},{"text":"hostium","gloss":"hostis: enemy"},{"text":"statiōnēs","gloss":"statio: outpost, picket"},{"text":"prōgrēssus","gloss":"progredior: go, come forth, go forward, march forward"},{"text":"est?","gloss":"sum: be; exist"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.4.m4a"},{"number":61,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.5","source":"Quid Camillō dīxit?","translation":"What did he say to Camillus?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"Camillō","gloss":"Camillus: handmaiden/female of unblemished character attendant in religious ceremonies"},{"text":"dīxit?","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.5.m4a"},{"number":62,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.6","source":"Quid respondit Camillus?","translation":"What did Camillus answer?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"respondit","gloss":"respondeo: respond, reply"},{"text":"Camillus?","gloss":"handmaiden/female of unblemished character attendant in religious ceremonies"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.6.m4a"},{"number":63,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.7","source":"Quid puerīs dedit?","translation":"What did he give the boys?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"puerīs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"dedit?","gloss":"do: give"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.7.m4a"},{"number":64,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.8","source":"Cūr hās rēs puerīs dedit?","translation":"Why did he give the boys these things?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"hās","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"rēs","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"puerīs","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"dedit?","gloss":"do: give"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.8.m4a"},{"number":65,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.9","source":"Quālis societās erat inter Rōmānōs et Falīscōs?","translation":"What sort of alliance was there between the Romans and the Falisci?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quālis","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"societās","gloss":"societas: society"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"inter","gloss":"between, among"},{"text":"Rōmānōs","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"Falīscōs?","gloss":"Falisci: rack in a manger"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.9.m4a"},{"number":66,"id":"la.pr.C33.pB.10","source":"Adversus quōs habēbant Rōmānī arma?","translation":"Against whom did the Romans carry arms?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Adversus","gloss":"enemy/adversary/opponent (female)"},{"text":"quōs","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"habēbant","gloss":"habeo: have, hold; regard, consider, deem"},{"text":"Rōmānī","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"arma?","gloss":"arms"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C33.pB.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"recitāvimus","gloss":"read aloud, recite"},{"word":"scelerātissimō","gloss":"criminal, wicked"},{"word":"Faliscīs","gloss":"of, from Faliscus"},{"word":"dēmandābantur","gloss":"entrust, hand over, from demando"},{"word":"sīcut","gloss":"just as, as if"},{"word":"praecellere","gloss":"surpass, from praecello"},{"word":"ērudiēbat","gloss":"educate, teach, from erudio"},{"word":"lūsūs","gloss":"plague, pestilence"},{"word":"exercendīque","gloss":"exercise, train"},{"word":"intermīssō","gloss":"interrupt, from intermitto"},{"word":"variātīs","gloss":"mark with contrasting colors, variegate, from vario"},{"word":"castraque","gloss":"camp, military camp, from castra"},{"word":"Camillum","gloss":"handmaiden, from Camillus"},{"word":"perdūxit","gloss":"lead, guide, from perduco"},{"word":"hūmānō","gloss":"make human"},{"word":"societās","gloss":"society"},{"word":"ingenerāvit","gloss":"implant, from ingenero"},{"word":"nātūra","gloss":"nature"},{"word":"iūstēque","gloss":"justice, from justum"},{"word":"armātōs","gloss":"armed, from armatus"},{"word":"Dēnūdātum","gloss":"strip, denude, from denudo"},{"word":"illigātīs","gloss":"bind, fasten, from illigo"},{"word":"virgāsque","gloss":"twig, sprout"},{"word":"prōditōrem","gloss":"traitor, from proditor"},{"word":"verberantēs","gloss":"beat, strike, from verbero"},{"word":"Falīscī","gloss":"rack in a manger"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Physiōgnōmōn (Puer Rōmānus 34)","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":67,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.1","source":"‘Nam postrēmō annō physiōgnōmōn quīdam, Zōpyrus nōmine, Rōmam vēnit, quī sē nātūram cūiusque ex fōrmā perspicere profitēbātur.","translation":"'For last year a certain reader of faces, Zopyrus by name, came to Rome, who claimed that he could see each man's nature from his shape.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Nam","gloss":"for"},{"text":"postrēmō","gloss":"postremo: at last, finally"},{"text":"annō","gloss":"annus: year"},{"text":"physiōgnōmōn","gloss":"physiognomon: physiognomist, one who reads character/foretells destiny from the face"},{"text":"quīdam,","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"Zōpyrus","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"},{"text":"nōmine,","gloss":"nomen: name, family name"},{"text":"Rōmam","gloss":"Roma: Rome"},{"text":"vēnit,","gloss":"venio: come, go"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"nātūram","gloss":"natura: nature"},{"text":"cūiusque","gloss":"quisque: each"},{"text":"ex","gloss":"out of, from"},{"text":"fōrmā","gloss":"forma: form, beauty"},{"text":"perspicere","gloss":"perspicio: see through"},{"text":"profitēbātur.","gloss":"profiteor: declare"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.1.m4a"},{"number":68,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.2","source":"Hic quondam ad lūdum nostrum vēnit, ōrāvitque magistrum ut sibi licēret puerōrum mōrēs nātūrāsque ex corpore vultū oculīs expōnere.","translation":"One day he came to our school and begged the master to let him set out the characters and natures of the boys from their bodies, faces and eyes.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Hic","gloss":"this"},{"text":"quondam","gloss":"formerly, once, at one time"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"lūdum","gloss":"ludus: play; school"},{"text":"nostrum","gloss":"noster: our"},{"text":"vēnit,","gloss":"venio: come, go"},{"text":"ōrāvitque","gloss":"oro: beg, ask for, pray"},{"text":"magistrum","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"sibi","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"licēret","gloss":"liceo: it is permitted, one may"},{"text":"puerōrum","gloss":"puer: boy"},{"text":"mōrēs","gloss":"mos: custom, habit"},{"text":"nātūrāsque","gloss":"natura: nature"},{"text":"ex","gloss":"out of, from"},{"text":"corpore","gloss":"corpus: body"},{"text":"vultū","gloss":"vultus: face, expression"},{"text":"oculīs","gloss":"oculus: eye"},{"text":"expōnere.","gloss":"expono: set/put forth/out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.2.m4a"},{"number":69,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.3","source":"Magister igitur nōbīs imperāvit ut ōrdine stārēmus et capita advenae pertractanda adhibērēmus.","translation":"So the master ordered us to stand in a row and to offer our heads to the stranger to be felt.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Magister","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"nōbīs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"imperāvit","gloss":"impero: command, order"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"ōrdine","gloss":"ordo: row, rank"},{"text":"stārēmus","gloss":"sto: stand, stand still, stand firm"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"capita","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"advenae","gloss":"advena: foreigner, immigrant, visitor from abroad"},{"text":"pertractanda","gloss":"pertracto: draw or drag through or to, bring or conduct forcibly to"},{"text":"adhibērēmus.","gloss":"adhibeo: summon, invite, bring in"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.3.m4a"},{"number":70,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.4","source":"At ille, mīrābile dictū, capite cūiusque manibus pertractātō, omnium nātūrās rēctē exposuit, et nōs omnēs “Macte” exclāmāvimus; etiam magister, quī plērumque sē trīstissimum praestat, nōn facere potuit quīn hominī grātulārētur.","translation":"And he, wonderful to say, when he had felt each one's head with his hands, set out all our natures correctly, and we all cried, 'Well done'; even the master, who is usually as grim as can be, could not help congratulating the man.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"At","gloss":"but"},{"text":"ille,","gloss":"that; he, she, it"},{"text":"mīrābile","gloss":"mirabilis: wonderful, marvelous, astonishing, extraordinary"},{"text":"dictū,","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"capite","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"cūiusque","gloss":"quisque: each"},{"text":"manibus","gloss":"manus: hand; band, force"},{"text":"pertractātō,","gloss":"pertracto: draw or drag through or to, bring or conduct forcibly to"},{"text":"omnium","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"nātūrās","gloss":"natura: nature"},{"text":"rēctē","gloss":"rectus: right, proper"},{"text":"exposuit,","gloss":"expono: set/put forth/out"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"nōs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"omnēs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"“Macte”","gloss":"mactus: of the Gods, worshiped, honored"},{"text":"exclāmāvimus;","gloss":"exclaim, shout"},{"text":"etiam","gloss":"yet, still; also, besides"},{"text":"magister,","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"plērumque","gloss":"generally, commonly"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"trīstissimum","gloss":"tristis: sad, sorrowful"},{"text":"praestat,","gloss":"praesto2: excel, surpass, be outstanding/superior/best/greater/preferable (to)"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"facere","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"potuit","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"quīn","gloss":"quin: so that not, without"},{"text":"hominī","gloss":"homo: man, human being"},{"text":"grātulārētur.","gloss":"gratulor: congratulate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.4.m4a"},{"number":71,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.5","source":"Quibus laudibus ērēctus physiōgnōmōn magistrō quoque persuāsit ut sibi licēret et ipsīus pertractāre caput; et dum pertractat, pariter āc nōbīscum anteā fēcit, mōrēs expōnēbat; tam submīssā vōce tamen loquēbātur ut nōs reliquī vix audīre possēmus; ego autem vīdī magistrum rubēre animōque plānē perturbārī.","translation":"Lifted up by this praise, the reader of faces persuaded the master too to let him feel his head as well; and while he feels it, just as he had done with us before, he was setting out his character; but he spoke in so low a voice that the rest of us could hardly hear; and I saw the master blush and become plainly upset.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quibus","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"laudibus","gloss":"laus: praise, approval, merit"},{"text":"ērēctus","gloss":"erigo: raise, erect, build"},{"text":"physiōgnōmōn","gloss":"physiognomon: physiognomist, one who reads character/foretells destiny from the face"},{"text":"magistrō","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"quoque","gloss":"also; after"},{"text":"persuāsit","gloss":"persuadeo: persuade, advise"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"sibi","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"licēret","gloss":"liceo: it is permitted, one may"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ipsīus","gloss":"ipse: self; even, very"},{"text":"pertractāre","gloss":"pertracto: draw or drag through or to, bring or conduct forcibly to"},{"text":"caput;","gloss":"head"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"dum","gloss":"while, as long as"},{"text":"pertractat,","gloss":"pertracto: draw or drag through or to, bring or conduct forcibly to"},{"text":"pariter","gloss":"equally"},{"text":"āc","gloss":"atque: and"},{"text":"nōbīscum","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"anteā","gloss":"antea: before, previously"},{"text":"fēcit,","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"mōrēs","gloss":"mos: custom, habit"},{"text":"expōnēbat;","gloss":"expono: set/put forth/out"},{"text":"tam","gloss":"so"},{"text":"submīssā","gloss":"submitto: allow to grow long"},{"text":"vōce","gloss":"vox: voice"},{"text":"tamen","gloss":"yet, nevertheless"},{"text":"loquēbātur","gloss":"loquor: speak, tell"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"nōs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"reliquī","gloss":"reliquus: remaining, rest of; the rest"},{"text":"vix","gloss":"scarcely, hardly"},{"text":"audīre","gloss":"audio: hear, listen to"},{"text":"possēmus;","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"autem","gloss":"but, moreover, now"},{"text":"vīdī","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"magistrum","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"rubēre","gloss":"rubeo: be red, become red"},{"text":"animōque","gloss":"animus: soul, spirit, vital principle"},{"text":"plānē","gloss":"clearly, plainly, distinctly"},{"text":"perturbārī.","gloss":"perturbo: confuse, throw into confusion"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.5.m4a"},{"number":72,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.6","source":"Itaque ā tergō clam appropinquāvī ut quid dīceret Zōpyrus audīrem; quid vērō dīxisset non invenīre poteram; nam simul atque ego tacitō gradū ad eōs pervēnī, magister summā īrā commōtus, correptā ferulā, caput Zōpyrī ingentī ictū pulsāvit et “Accipe” inquit “tū quoque tumōrem capitis ut omnēs sciant tē stultissimum esse”.","translation":"So I came up secretly from behind to hear what Zopyrus was saying; but what he had said I could not find out; for as soon as I reached them with silent step, the master, stirred by the greatest anger, snatched up his cane, struck Zopyrus' head a huge blow and said, 'Take a swelling of the head yourself, so that everyone may know that you are an utter fool.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Itaque","gloss":"and so, therefore, accordingly"},{"text":"ā","gloss":"a: from, by, off"},{"text":"tergō","gloss":"tergum: back"},{"text":"clam","gloss":"secretly, in secret, unknown to"},{"text":"appropinquāvī","gloss":"appropinquo: approach (w/DAT or ad+ACC)"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"dīceret","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"Zōpyrus","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"},{"text":"audīrem;","gloss":"audio: hear, listen, accept, agree with"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"vērō","gloss":"vero: truly, indeed, in fact; but, however"},{"text":"dīxisset","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"non","gloss":"not"},{"text":"invenīre","gloss":"invenio: come upon"},{"text":"poteram;","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"nam","gloss":"for"},{"text":"simul","gloss":"at the same time"},{"text":"atque","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"tacitō","gloss":"tacitum: Tacitus"},{"text":"gradū","gloss":"gradus: step"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"eōs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"pervēnī,","gloss":"pervenio: come through, arrive"},{"text":"magister","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"summā","gloss":"summus: highest, greatest"},{"text":"īrā","gloss":"ira: wrath, anger"},{"text":"commōtus,","gloss":"commotus2: moved, excited"},{"text":"correptā","gloss":"corripio: seize/grasp/snatch up, lay hold of"},{"text":"ferulā,","gloss":"ferula: stick, rod"},{"text":"caput","gloss":"head"},{"text":"Zōpyrī","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"},{"text":"ingentī","gloss":"ingens: huge, vast"},{"text":"ictū","gloss":"ictus2: blow, stroke"},{"text":"pulsāvit","gloss":"pulso: beat"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"“Accipe”","gloss":"accipio: take, grasp, receive, accept, undertake"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"“tū","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"quoque","gloss":"also; after"},{"text":"tumōrem","gloss":"tumor: swollen or distended condition, swelling"},{"text":"capitis","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"omnēs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"sciant","gloss":"scio: know, understand"},{"text":"tē","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"stultissimum","gloss":"stultus: foolish, stupid"},{"text":"esse”.","gloss":"sum: be; exist"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.6.m4a"},{"number":73,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.7","source":"Quō dictō hominem tot verberibus onustum ē lūdō expulit.","translation":"With these words he drove the man out of the school, loaded with blows.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quō","gloss":"qui2: who"},{"text":"dictō","gloss":"dictum: words/utterance/remark"},{"text":"hominem","gloss":"homo: man, human being, person, fellow"},{"text":"tot","gloss":"so many"},{"text":"verberibus","gloss":"verber: lash, whip"},{"text":"onustum","gloss":"onustus: laden"},{"text":"ē","gloss":"ex: out of, from"},{"text":"lūdō","gloss":"ludo: play"},{"text":"expulit.","gloss":"expello: drive out, expel, banish"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.7.m4a"},{"number":74,"id":"la.pr.C34.s1.8","source":"Nōs discipulī īrae ēius nōn oblītī, sī quando molestiam eī posteā volēbāmus afferre, semper rogābāmus num rē vērā animī nātūra ē corporis fōrmā posset cōgnōscī.’","translation":"We pupils did not forget his anger, and if ever afterwards we wanted to annoy him, we always asked whether the nature of the mind could really be known from the shape of the body.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"discipulī","gloss":"discipulus: pupil, disciple"},{"text":"īrae","gloss":"ira: anger"},{"text":"ēius","gloss":"is: he, she, it; that"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"oblītī,","gloss":"obliviscor: forget"},{"text":"sī","gloss":"si: if"},{"text":"quando","gloss":"when (interog), at what time"},{"text":"molestiam","gloss":"molestia: trouble, annoyance"},{"text":"eī","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"posteā","gloss":"postea: afterwards"},{"text":"volēbāmus","gloss":"volo: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"afferre,","gloss":"adfero: bring to, carry, convey"},{"text":"semper","gloss":"always"},{"text":"rogābāmus","gloss":"rogo: ask, ask for"},{"text":"num","gloss":"whether"},{"text":"rē","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"vērā","gloss":"verus: true, real"},{"text":"animī","gloss":"animus: mind, heart; spirit, feeling"},{"text":"nātūra","gloss":"natura: nature"},{"text":"ē","gloss":"ex: out of, from"},{"text":"corporis","gloss":"corpus: body"},{"text":"fōrmā","gloss":"forma: form, beauty"},{"text":"posset","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"cōgnōscī.’","gloss":"cognosco: become acquainted with/aware of"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s1.8.m4a"},{"number":75,"id":"la.pr.C34.s2.1","source":"Quibus nārrātīs iam tempus erat ad vīllam redīre.","translation":"When this had been told it was now time to go back to the farmhouse.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quibus","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"nārrātīs","gloss":"narratum: narrative, story"},{"text":"iam","gloss":"jam: already, now"},{"text":"tempus","gloss":"time"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"vīllam","gloss":"villa: farm, villa"},{"text":"redīre.","gloss":"redeo: go back, return"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.s2.1.m4a"},{"number":76,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.1","source":"Quid facere potest physiōgnōmōn?","translation":"What can a reader of faces do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"facere","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"potest","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"physiōgnōmōn?","gloss":"physiognomon: physiognomist, one who reads character/foretells destiny from the face"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.1.m4a"},{"number":77,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.2","source":"Quid magistrum nostrum ōrāvit Zōpyrus?","translation":"What did Zopyrus beg our master?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"magistrum","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"nostrum","gloss":"noster: our"},{"text":"ōrāvit","gloss":"oro: beg, ask for, pray"},{"text":"Zōpyrus?","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.2.m4a"},{"number":78,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.3","source":"Quid nōbīs imperāvit magister?","translation":"What did the master order us to do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"nōbīs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"imperāvit","gloss":"impero: command, order"},{"text":"magister?","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.3.m4a"},{"number":79,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.4","source":"Cūr nōn facere potuit magister quīn Zōpyrō grātulārētur?","translation":"Why could the master not help congratulating Zopyrus?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"facere","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"potuit","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"magister","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"quīn","gloss":"quin: so that not, without"},{"text":"Zōpyrō","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"},{"text":"grātulārētur?","gloss":"gratulor: congratulate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.4.m4a"},{"number":80,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.5","source":"Quid deinde Zōpyrus magistrō persuāsit?","translation":"What did Zopyrus then persuade the master to do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"Zōpyrus","gloss":"Zopyrus: Zopyrus (a name)"},{"text":"magistrō","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"persuāsit?","gloss":"persuadeo: persuade, advise"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.5.m4a"},{"number":81,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.6","source":"Cūr nōn potuī audīre quid dīceret dum caput magistrī pertractat?","translation":"Why could I not hear what he was saying while he feels the master's head?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"potuī","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"audīre","gloss":"audio: hear, listen to"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"dīceret","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"dum","gloss":"while, as long as"},{"text":"caput","gloss":"head"},{"text":"magistrī","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"pertractat?","gloss":"pertracto: draw or drag through or to, bring or conduct forcibly to"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.6.m4a"},{"number":82,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.7","source":"Quid igitur fēcī?","translation":"What then did I do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"fēcī?","gloss":"facio: do, make"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.7.m4a"},{"number":83,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.8","source":"Cūr nōn invēnī quid dīxisset?","translation":"Why did I not find out what he had said?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"invēnī","gloss":"invenio: come upon"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"dīxisset?","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.8.m4a"},{"number":84,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.9","source":"Quid deinde fēcit magister?","translation":"What did the master do next?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"deinde","gloss":"then, in the next place"},{"text":"fēcit","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"magister?","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.9.m4a"},{"number":85,"id":"la.pr.C34.pB.10","source":"Quid semper rogābāmus magistrum quotiēns molestiam eī volēbāmus afferre?","translation":"What did we always ask the master whenever we wanted to annoy him?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"semper","gloss":"always"},{"text":"rogābāmus","gloss":"rogo: ask, ask for"},{"text":"magistrum","gloss":"magister: master, commander; teacher"},{"text":"quotiēns","gloss":"quotiens: how often? as often as"},{"text":"molestiam","gloss":"molestia: trouble, annoyance"},{"text":"eī","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"volēbāmus","gloss":"volo: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"afferre?","gloss":"adfero: bring to, carry, convey"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pB.10.m4a"},{"number":86,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.1","source":"Quid facit argentārius?","translation":"What does a banker do?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"facit","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"argentārius?","gloss":"argentarius: pertaining to silver or money, silver-"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.1.m4a"},{"number":87,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.2","source":"Quid est cymba?","translation":"What is a small boat?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"cymba?","gloss":"skiff, small boat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.2.m4a"},{"number":88,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.3","source":"Quālēs sunt hortī īnstrūctī?","translation":"What are fully furnished gardens?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quālēs","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"sunt","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"hortī","gloss":"hortus: garden, fruit/kitchen garden"},{"text":"īnstrūctī?","gloss":"instruo: construct, build"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.3.m4a"},{"number":89,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.4","source":"Quid sīgnificat nōmina faciō?","translation":"What does 'I draw up the accounts' mean?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"sīgnificat","gloss":"significo: signify, indicate, show"},{"text":"nōmina","gloss":"nomen: name, family name"},{"text":"faciō?","gloss":"facio: do, make"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.4.m4a"},{"number":90,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.5","source":"Cūr opus est scalmīs in cymbā?","translation":"Why are rowlocks needed in a boat?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"opus","gloss":"work, task"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"scalmīs","gloss":"thole-pin, rowlock"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"cymbā?","gloss":"cymba: skiff, small boat"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.5.m4a"},{"number":91,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.6","source":"Quid agimus fēriīs?","translation":"What do we do on holidays?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"agimus","gloss":"ago: drive, lead; do, perform"},{"text":"fēriīs?","gloss":"feriae: festival/holy day"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.6.m4a"},{"number":92,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.7","source":"Cūr nautīs opus est saburrā?","translation":"Why do sailors need ballast?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"nautīs","gloss":"nauta: sailor"},{"text":"opus","gloss":"work, task"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"saburrā?","gloss":"saburra: gravel/sand (used for ballast)"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.7.m4a"},{"number":93,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.8","source":"Quid sīgnificat macte?","translation":"What does macte mean?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"sīgnificat","gloss":"significo: signify, indicate, show"},{"text":"macte?","gloss":"mactus: of the Gods, worshiped, honored"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.8.m4a"},{"number":94,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.9","source":"Quālis est physiōgnōmōn?","translation":"What is a reader of faces like?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quālis","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"physiōgnōmōn?","gloss":"physiognomon: physiognomist, one who reads character/foretells destiny from the face"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.9.m4a"},{"number":95,"id":"la.pr.C34.pC.10","source":"Quālis est trīstis magister?","translation":"What is a grim master like?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quālis","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"trīstis","gloss":"tristis: sad, sorrowful"},{"text":"magister?","gloss":"master, commander; teacher"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C34.pC.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"physiōgnōmōn","gloss":"physiognomist, one who reads character"},{"word":"perspicere","gloss":"see through, from perspicio"},{"word":"profitēbātur","gloss":"declare, from profiteor"},{"word":"pertractanda","gloss":"draw or drag through or, from pertracto"},{"word":"Macte","gloss":"of the Gods, worshiped, from mactus"},{"word":"exclāmāvimus","gloss":"exclaim, shout"},{"word":"submīssā","gloss":"allow to grow long, from submitto"},{"word":"plānē","gloss":"clearly, plainly"},{"word":"clam","gloss":"secretly, in secret"},{"word":"īrā","gloss":"wrath, anger"},{"word":"tumōrem","gloss":"swollen or distended condition, swelling, from tumor"},{"word":"onustum","gloss":"laden, from onustus"},{"word":"scalmīs","gloss":"thole-pin, rowlock"}],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Advena (Puer Rōmānus 35)","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":96,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.1","source":"Quō cum rediissem invēnī amīcum patris meī ad vīllam pervēnisse ut apud nōs aliquot diēs dēgeret.","translation":"When I had got back there I found that a friend of my father's had come to the farmhouse to spend some days with us.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quō","gloss":"qui2: who"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"rediissem","gloss":"redeo: return, go back, give back"},{"text":"invēnī","gloss":"invenio: come upon"},{"text":"amīcum","gloss":"amicus: friend; friendly"},{"text":"patris","gloss":"pater: father"},{"text":"meī","gloss":"meus: my"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"vīllam","gloss":"villa: farm, villa"},{"text":"pervēnisse","gloss":"pervenio: come to"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"apud","gloss":"among"},{"text":"nōs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"aliquot","gloss":"anyone/anybody/anything"},{"text":"diēs","gloss":"dies: day"},{"text":"dēgeret.","gloss":"dego: spend/pass (time)"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.1.m4a"},{"number":97,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.2","source":"Centuriō est quī bellīs multīs interfuit.","translation":"He is a centurion who has taken part in many wars.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Centuriō","gloss":"centurio2: centurion, captain/commander  of a century/company"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"bellīs","gloss":"bellum: beast, wild animal (incl. sea creature)"},{"text":"multīs","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"interfuit.","gloss":"intersum: be/lie between, be in the midst"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.2.m4a"},{"number":98,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.3","source":"Contrā Germānōs, Britannōs, multās aliās nātiōnēs pūgnāvit.","translation":"He has fought against the Germans, the Britons and many other nations.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Contrā","gloss":"contra: against, contrary to"},{"text":"Germānōs,","gloss":"Germanus: German"},{"text":"Britannōs,","gloss":"Britanni: Britain"},{"text":"multās","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"aliās","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"nātiōnēs","gloss":"natio: nation, people"},{"text":"pūgnāvit.","gloss":"pugno: fight"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.3.m4a"},{"number":99,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.4","source":"Nōn semel bisve sed saepe in proeliō est vulnerātus.","translation":"Not once or twice but often he has been wounded in battle.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"semel","gloss":"one"},{"text":"bisve","gloss":"bis: twice"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"saepe","gloss":"often"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"proeliō","gloss":"proelium: battle"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"vulnerātus.","gloss":"vulnero: wound"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.4.m4a"},{"number":100,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.5","source":"Ōlim cum commīlitō quīdam ab hostibus oppressus in eō erat ut interficerētur, centuriō illī summā virtūtē succurrit, et vītā amīcī cōnservātā ipse graviter factus est saucius.","translation":"Once, when a fellow soldier had been overpowered by the enemy and was on the point of being killed, the centurion came to his help with the greatest courage, and, having saved his friend's life, was himself badly wounded.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ōlim","gloss":"olim: formerly, once upon a time"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"commīlitō","gloss":"commilito: fellow soldier"},{"text":"quīdam","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"ab","gloss":"from, by"},{"text":"hostibus","gloss":"hostis: enemy"},{"text":"oppressus","gloss":"opprimo: press down"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"eō","gloss":"is: he, she, it; that"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"interficerētur,","gloss":"interficio: kill"},{"text":"centuriō","gloss":"centurio2: centurion, captain/commander  of a century/company"},{"text":"illī","gloss":"ille: that; he, she, it"},{"text":"summā","gloss":"summus: highest, greatest"},{"text":"virtūtē","gloss":"virtus: strength/power"},{"text":"succurrit,","gloss":"succurro: run to the aid of, help"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"vītā","gloss":"vita: life"},{"text":"amīcī","gloss":"amicus: friend"},{"text":"cōnservātā","gloss":"conservo: keep safe/intact, save (from danger)"},{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"graviter","gloss":"heavily; greatly, seriously"},{"text":"factus","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"saucius.","gloss":"wounded"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.5.m4a"},{"number":101,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.6","source":"Ō centuriōnem fortissimum! quam vellem et ipse mīles essem, ut contrā hostēs patriae meae strēnuē pūgnārem!","translation":"What a brave centurion! How I wish I were a soldier myself, to fight hard against the enemies of my country!","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ō","gloss":"O! (in address)"},{"text":"centuriōnem","gloss":"centurio2: centurion, captain/commander  of a century/company"},{"text":"fortissimum!","gloss":"fortis: brave"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"vellem","gloss":"volo: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"mīles","gloss":"miles: soldier"},{"text":"essem,","gloss":"sum: be"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"contrā","gloss":"contra: against, contrary to"},{"text":"hostēs","gloss":"hostis: enemy"},{"text":"patriae","gloss":"patria: fatherland"},{"text":"meae","gloss":"meus: my, mine"},{"text":"strēnuē","gloss":"active, vigorous, strenuous"},{"text":"pūgnārem!","gloss":"pugno: fight"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.6.m4a"},{"number":102,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.7","source":"Nōmen centuriōnī est Sulpiciō, Gādibus in Hispāniā nātō annīs abhinc quīnquāginta.","translation":"The centurion's name is Sulpicius, and he was born at Gades in Spain fifty years ago.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōmen","gloss":"nomen: name"},{"text":"centuriōnī","gloss":"centurio2: centurion, captain/commander  of a century/company"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"Sulpiciō,","gloss":"Sulpicius: Sulpician"},{"text":"Gādibus","gloss":"Gades: cod"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"Hispāniā","gloss":"Hispania: Spain"},{"text":"nātō","gloss":"natus: born, arisen"},{"text":"annīs","gloss":"annus: year"},{"text":"abhinc","gloss":"since, ago, in past"},{"text":"quīnquāginta.","gloss":"quinquaginta: fifty"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.7.m4a"},{"number":103,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.8","source":"Quam dīves hominum nōn modo fortium sed etiam ingeniōsōrum est et fuit terra illa Hispānia!","translation":"How rich that land of Spain is and has been in men not only brave but also gifted!","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"dīves","gloss":"dives: rich man"},{"text":"hominum","gloss":"homo: man, human being"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"modo","gloss":"only, merely, just now"},{"text":"fortium","gloss":"fors: chance"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"etiam","gloss":"yet, still; also, besides"},{"text":"ingeniōsōrum","gloss":"ingeniosus: clever, ingenious"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"fuit","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"terra","gloss":"land"},{"text":"illa","gloss":"ille: that; he, she, it"},{"text":"Hispānia!","gloss":"Hispania: Spain"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.8.m4a"},{"number":104,"id":"la.pr.C35.s1.9","source":"Lucānus poēta, Seneca philosophus, Quīntiliānus rhētōr, Mārtiālis poēta, hī inter aliōs in Hispāniā nātī posteā Rōmam vēnērunt.","translation":"Lucan the poet, Seneca the philosopher, Quintilian the teacher of rhetoric, Martial the poet, these among others were born in Spain and afterwards came to Rome.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Lucānus","gloss":"Lucanus: Luke"},{"text":"poēta,","gloss":"poeta: poet"},{"text":"Seneca","gloss":"Seneca"},{"text":"philosophus,","gloss":"philosophical"},{"text":"Quīntiliānus","gloss":"Quintilianus: Quintilius"},{"text":"rhētōr,","gloss":"rhetor: teacher of public speaking, rhetorician"},{"text":"Mārtiālis","gloss":"Martialis: of or belonging to Mars"},{"text":"poēta,","gloss":"poeta: poet"},{"text":"hī","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"inter","gloss":"between, among"},{"text":"aliōs","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"Hispāniā","gloss":"Hispania: Spain"},{"text":"nātī","gloss":"natus: born, arisen"},{"text":"posteā","gloss":"postea: afterwards"},{"text":"Rōmam","gloss":"Roma: Rome"},{"text":"vēnērunt.","gloss":"venio: come, go"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s1.9.m4a"},{"number":105,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.1","source":"Multa pater meus et centuriō post cēnam inter sē collocūtī sunt, quibus sermōnibus ego quoque interfuī.","translation":"My father and the centurion talked together about many things after dinner, and I too took part in their conversation.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Multa","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"pater","gloss":"father"},{"text":"meus","gloss":"my, mine"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"centuriō","gloss":"centurio2: centurion, captain/commander  of a century/company"},{"text":"post","gloss":"behind, after"},{"text":"cēnam","gloss":"cena: dinner"},{"text":"inter","gloss":"between, among"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"collocūtī","gloss":"colloquor: talk/speak to/with"},{"text":"sunt,","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"quibus","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"sermōnibus","gloss":"sermo: conversation, discussion"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"quoque","gloss":"also; after"},{"text":"interfuī.","gloss":"intersum: be present, take part in"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.1.m4a"},{"number":106,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.2","source":"Cum satis diū dē bellō Britannicō nārrāvissent, ‘Ō pater’ inquam ‘cūr necesse est bella tam longinqua gerant Rōmānī?","translation":"When they had talked long enough about the British war, I said, 'Father, why must the Romans wage wars so far away?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"satis","gloss":"enough, sufficiently"},{"text":"diū","gloss":"diu: for a long time, long"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"bellō","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"Britannicō","gloss":"Britannicus: British"},{"text":"nārrāvissent,","gloss":"tell, tell about, relate, narrate, recount, describe"},{"text":"‘Ō","gloss":"O! (in address)"},{"text":"pater’","gloss":"father"},{"text":"inquam","gloss":"say (defective)"},{"text":"‘cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"necesse","gloss":"necessary, essential"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"bella","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"tam","gloss":"so"},{"text":"longinqua","gloss":"longinquus: remote, distant, far off"},{"text":"gerant","gloss":"gero: bear, carry on; wear"},{"text":"Rōmānī?","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.2.m4a"},{"number":107,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.3","source":"Nōnne satis māgnum est imperium nostrum?’","translation":"Is our empire not big enough?'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōnne","gloss":"nonne: not?"},{"text":"satis","gloss":"enough, sufficiently"},{"text":"māgnum","gloss":"magnus: great, large"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"imperium","gloss":"command, chief power; empire"},{"text":"nostrum?’","gloss":"noster: our"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.3.m4a"},{"number":108,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.4","source":"‘Satis sānē’ inquit pater ‘plūs quidem quam satis, ut arbitrantur nōnnūllī.","translation":"'Quite big enough,' said my father, 'more than enough indeed, as some think.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Satis","gloss":"enough, sufficiently"},{"text":"sānē’","gloss":"reasonably, sensibly"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"pater","gloss":"father"},{"text":"‘plūs","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"quidem","gloss":"to be sure, certainly, indeed"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"satis,","gloss":"enough, sufficiently"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"arbitrantur","gloss":"arbitror: think, judge"},{"text":"nōnnūllī.","gloss":"nonnulli: some (pl.), several, a few"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.4.m4a"},{"number":109,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.5","source":"Sed Sulpicius noster melius quam ego hīs dē rēbus tibi potest dīcere’.","translation":"But our friend Sulpicius can tell you about these matters better than I can.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"Sulpicius","gloss":"Sulpician"},{"text":"noster","gloss":"our, ours"},{"text":"melius","gloss":"better"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"hīs","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"rēbus","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"tibi","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"potest","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"dīcere’.","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.5.m4a"},{"number":110,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.6","source":"Cuī Sulpicius subrīdēns, ‘Libēns faciam’ inquit ‘quod rogās; negōtiīs enim aliīs vacō, et fīlius tuus scientiae cupidus vidētur.","translation":"Sulpicius smiled at him and said, 'I shall gladly do what you ask; for I have no other business, and your son seems eager for knowledge.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cuī","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"Sulpicius","gloss":"Sulpician"},{"text":"subrīdēns,","gloss":"subrideo: smile"},{"text":"‘Libēns","gloss":"libet: nibble, sip"},{"text":"faciam’","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"‘quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"rogās;","gloss":"rogo: ask, ask for"},{"text":"negōtiīs","gloss":"negotium: business, task; trouble"},{"text":"enim","gloss":"for, in fact, indeed."},{"text":"aliīs","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"vacō,","gloss":"vaco: be empty"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"fīlius","gloss":"filius: son"},{"text":"tuus","gloss":"your, yours"},{"text":"scientiae","gloss":"scientia: knowledge, science"},{"text":"cupidus","gloss":"eager/passionate"},{"text":"vidētur.","gloss":"video: see, perceive"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.6.m4a"},{"number":111,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.7","source":"Multīs in regiōnibus nostrī bella gerere cōguntur, nōn ut imperium augeant sed ut fīnēs imperiī fīrmātī sint atque dēfēnsī.","translation":"In many regions our men are forced to wage war, not to enlarge the empire but so that its borders may be made firm and defended.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Multīs","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"regiōnibus","gloss":"regio: region, district"},{"text":"nostrī","gloss":"noster: our"},{"text":"bella","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"gerere","gloss":"gero: bear, carry on; wear"},{"text":"cōguntur,","gloss":"cogo: collect/gather, round up, restrict/confine"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"imperium","gloss":"command, chief power; empire"},{"text":"augeant","gloss":"augeo: increase, enlarge, augment"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"fīnēs","gloss":"finis: boundary, end, limit, goal"},{"text":"imperiī","gloss":"imperium: command"},{"text":"fīrmātī","gloss":"firmo: strengthen, harden"},{"text":"sint","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"atque","gloss":"and"},{"text":"dēfēnsī.","gloss":"defendo: defend/guard/protect, look after"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.7.m4a"},{"number":112,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.8","source":"Quōmodo enim incolae longinquārum prōvinciārum sēcūrī possunt vīvere, sī semper eīs timendum est nē irrumpant barbarī, omnia rapiant, hominēs interficiant?","translation":"For how can the people of distant provinces live in safety, if they must always be afraid that the barbarians will break in, seize everything and kill men?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quōmodo","gloss":"quomodo: how, in what way"},{"text":"enim","gloss":"for, in fact, indeed."},{"text":"incolae","gloss":"incola: inhabitant"},{"text":"longinquārum","gloss":"longinquus: remote, distant, far off"},{"text":"prōvinciārum","gloss":"provincia: province"},{"text":"sēcūrī","gloss":"securus: secure, safe, untroubled, free from care"},{"text":"possunt","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"vīvere,","gloss":"vivo: live, be alive"},{"text":"sī","gloss":"si: if"},{"text":"semper","gloss":"always"},{"text":"eīs","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"timendum","gloss":"timeo: fear, dread, be afraid (ne + SUB = lest"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"nē","gloss":"ne: in order that not, that"},{"text":"irrumpant","gloss":"invade"},{"text":"barbarī,","gloss":"barbarus: strange, foreign, barbarous"},{"text":"omnia","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"rapiant,","gloss":"rapio: drag off"},{"text":"hominēs","gloss":"homo: man, human being"},{"text":"interficiant?","gloss":"interficio: kill"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.8.m4a"},{"number":113,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.9","source":"Nōn aliēna cupimus, sed nostra nostrōsque dēfendere.","translation":"We do not want what belongs to others, but to defend what is ours and those who are ours.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"aliēna","gloss":"alienum: foreigner"},{"text":"cupimus,","gloss":"cupio: wish/long/be eager for"},{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"nostra","gloss":"noster: our, ours"},{"text":"nostrōsque","gloss":"noster: our"},{"text":"dēfendere.","gloss":"defendo: defend/guard/protect, look after"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.9.m4a"},{"number":114,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.10","source":"Nōnnumquam tamen fit ut nostra dēfendere nōn possīmus nisi contrā aliōs populōs bellum ultrō gerāmus.","translation":"Sometimes, though, it happens that we cannot defend what is ours unless we go to war against other peoples of our own accord.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōnnumquam","gloss":"nonnumquam: sometimes"},{"text":"tamen","gloss":"yet, nevertheless"},{"text":"fit","gloss":"fio: become, be made"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"nostra","gloss":"noster: our, ours"},{"text":"dēfendere","gloss":"defendo: defend/guard/protect, look after"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"possīmus","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"nisi","gloss":"unless, if ... not"},{"text":"contrā","gloss":"contra: against, contrary to"},{"text":"aliōs","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"populōs","gloss":"populus: people, nation, State"},{"text":"bellum","gloss":"war"},{"text":"ultrō","gloss":"ultro: besides, beyond"},{"text":"gerāmus.","gloss":"gero: bear, carry, wear"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.10.m4a"},{"number":115,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.11","source":"Itaque et Britannōs oppūgnāvit Gāius Iūlius Caesar, quia Gallīs auxilium praebēbant.","translation":"And so Gaius Julius Caesar attacked the Britons too, because they were giving help to the Gauls.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Itaque","gloss":"and so, therefore, accordingly"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"Britannōs","gloss":"Britanni: Britain"},{"text":"oppūgnāvit","gloss":"oppugno: attack, assault, storm, besiege"},{"text":"Gāius","gloss":"Gaius: Caius"},{"text":"Iūlius","gloss":"Iulius: Julius"},{"text":"Caesar,","gloss":"Cæsar"},{"text":"quia","gloss":"because"},{"text":"Gallīs","gloss":"Gallus: a Gaul"},{"text":"auxilium","gloss":"help, aid"},{"text":"praebēbant.","gloss":"praebeo: present/show/put forward"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.11.m4a"},{"number":116,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.12","source":"Mihi quidem vidētur nihil magis reī pūblicae prōdesse quam ut prōvinciae dēfendantur, etiam sī bella longinqua gerere cōgimur.’","translation":"To me at least nothing seems to do the state more good than that the provinces be defended, even if we are forced to wage distant wars.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"quidem","gloss":"to be sure, certainly, indeed"},{"text":"vidētur","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"nihil","gloss":"nothing"},{"text":"magis","gloss":"more, in a higher degree"},{"text":"reī","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"pūblicae","gloss":"publicus: public, belonging to the state"},{"text":"prōdesse","gloss":"prosum: be useful, be advantageous, benefit, profit (with DAT)"},{"text":"quam","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"prōvinciae","gloss":"provincia: province"},{"text":"dēfendantur,","gloss":"defendo: defend/guard/protect, look after"},{"text":"etiam","gloss":"yet, still; also, besides"},{"text":"sī","gloss":"si: if"},{"text":"bella","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"longinqua","gloss":"longinquus: remote, distant, far off"},{"text":"gerere","gloss":"gero: bear, carry on; wear"},{"text":"cōgimur.’","gloss":"cogo: collect/gather, round up, restrict/confine"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.12.m4a"},{"number":117,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.13","source":"Cuī ego ‘Grātiās agō’ inquam ‘quod haec omnia tam clārē exposuistī.","translation":"I said to him, 'I thank you for setting all this out so clearly.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cuī","gloss":"qui: who, which"},{"text":"ego","gloss":"I"},{"text":"‘Grātiās","gloss":"gratia: thanks, gratitude"},{"text":"agō’","gloss":"ago: drive; do, act"},{"text":"inquam","gloss":"say (defective)"},{"text":"‘quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"haec","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"omnia","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"tam","gloss":"so"},{"text":"clārē","gloss":"clareo: make visible"},{"text":"exposuistī.","gloss":"expono: set/put forth/out"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.13.m4a"},{"number":118,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.14","source":"Quam velim dē prīscīs Rōmānōrum factīs mihi aliquid nārrēs’.","translation":"How I should like you to tell me something about the deeds of the Romans of old.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"velim","gloss":"volo: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"dē","gloss":"de: down from; concerning"},{"text":"prīscīs","gloss":"priscus: ancient, early, former"},{"text":"Rōmānōrum","gloss":"Romanus: Roman"},{"text":"factīs","gloss":"factum: fact, deed, act"},{"text":"mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"aliquid","gloss":"aliquis: anyone/anybody/anything"},{"text":"nārrēs’.","gloss":"narro: tell, tell about, relate, narrate, recount, describe"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.14.m4a"},{"number":119,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.15","source":"‘Crās fortāsse’ respondit ‘nārrābō’.","translation":"'Tomorrow, perhaps,' he answered, 'I shall tell you.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Crās","gloss":"cras: tomorrow"},{"text":"fortāsse’","gloss":"fortasse: perhaps, possibly"},{"text":"respondit","gloss":"respondeo: respond, reply"},{"text":"‘nārrābō’.","gloss":"narro: tell, tell about, relate, narrate, recount, describe"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.15.m4a"},{"number":120,"id":"la.pr.C35.s2.16","source":"‘Pergrātum’ inquam ‘faciēs’.","translation":"'You will do me a great kindness,' I said.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Pergrātum’","gloss":"pergratus: very agreeable or pleasant"},{"text":"inquam","gloss":"say (defective)"},{"text":"‘faciēs’.","gloss":"facies: shape, face, look"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s2.16.m4a"},{"number":121,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.1","source":"Postrīdiē igitur ego, frāter, sorōrēs (omnēs enim Sulpicium audīre cupiēbāmus) vesperī ad eum convēnimus.","translation":"So the next day my brother, my sisters and I (for we all wanted to hear Sulpicius) gathered round him in the evening.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Postrīdiē","gloss":"postridie: on the next day"},{"text":"igitur","gloss":"therefore, then"},{"text":"ego,","gloss":"I"},{"text":"frāter,","gloss":"frater: brother"},{"text":"sorōrēs","gloss":"soror: sister"},{"text":"(omnēs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"enim","gloss":"for, in fact, indeed."},{"text":"Sulpicium","gloss":"Sulpicius: Sulpician"},{"text":"audīre","gloss":"audio: hear, listen to"},{"text":"cupiēbāmus)","gloss":"wish/long/be eager for"},{"text":"vesperī","gloss":"vesper: evening, even-tide"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"eum","gloss":"is: this, that; he, she, it"},{"text":"convēnimus.","gloss":"convenio: be appropriate to, fit, be correctly shaped/consistent"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.1.m4a"},{"number":122,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.2","source":"Quibus vīsīs subrīdēns ‘Nōn modo discipulōs’ inquit ‘sed etiam discipulās, ut vidētur, doctūrus sum.","translation":"When he saw us he smiled and said, 'Not only pupils, it seems, but girl pupils too I am going to teach.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quibus","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"vīsīs","gloss":"visum: strength (sg. only), force, power, might, violence"},{"text":"subrīdēns","gloss":"subrideo: smile"},{"text":"‘Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"modo","gloss":"only, merely, just now"},{"text":"discipulōs’","gloss":"discipulus: female pupil"},{"text":"inquit","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"‘sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"etiam","gloss":"yet, still; also, besides"},{"text":"discipulās,","gloss":"female pupil"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"vidētur,","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"doctūrus","gloss":"doceo: teach, show, point out"},{"text":"sum.","gloss":"be; exist"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.2.m4a"},{"number":123,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.3","source":"Strēnuē mihi rēs est agenda, ut omnibus placeam.’","translation":"I must set about the thing with a will, to please everyone.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Strēnuē","gloss":"active, vigorous, strenuous"},{"text":"mihi","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"rēs","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"agenda,","gloss":"ago: drive; do, act"},{"text":"ut","gloss":"that, in order that, that not"},{"text":"omnibus","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"placeam.’","gloss":"placeo: appease"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.3.m4a"},{"number":124,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.4","source":"Tum frāter, ‘Nōlī timēre,’ inquit, ‘nē nōbīs displiceās; nam et historiās amāmus et tē ipsum, quī fortissimum in proeliandō tē praestiteris.","translation":"Then my brother said, 'Do not be afraid of displeasing us; for we love both histories and yourself, who have shown yourself so brave in fighting.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Tum","gloss":"then, at that time"},{"text":"frāter,","gloss":"frater: brother"},{"text":"‘Nōlī","gloss":"nolo: not to wish, be unwilling"},{"text":"timēre,’","gloss":"timeo: fear, dread, be afraid (ne + SUB = lest"},{"text":"inquit,","gloss":"inquam: say (defective)"},{"text":"‘nē","gloss":"ne: in order that not, that"},{"text":"nōbīs","gloss":"nos: we"},{"text":"displiceās;","gloss":"displiceo: displease"},{"text":"nam","gloss":"for"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"historiās","gloss":"historia: history"},{"text":"amāmus","gloss":"amo: love, like"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"tē","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"ipsum,","gloss":"ipse: self; even, very"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"fortissimum","gloss":"fortis: brave"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"proeliandō","gloss":"proelio: fight"},{"text":"tē","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"praestiteris.","gloss":"praesto2: excel, surpass, be outstanding/superior/best/greater/preferable (to)"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.4.m4a"},{"number":125,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.5","source":"Scrīptōrēs rērum plērīque multa quidem scrībunt, ipsī agunt nihil.","translation":"Most writers of history write a great deal, but do nothing themselves.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Scrīptōrēs","gloss":"scriptor: writer, author"},{"text":"rērum","gloss":"res: res"},{"text":"plērīque","gloss":"(w/que) the majority, most, very great part"},{"text":"multa","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"quidem","gloss":"to be sure, certainly, indeed"},{"text":"scrībunt,","gloss":"scribo: write"},{"text":"ipsī","gloss":"ipse: self; even, very"},{"text":"agunt","gloss":"ago: drive, lead; do, perform"},{"text":"nihil.","gloss":"nothing"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.5.m4a"},{"number":126,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.6","source":"Audītōrēs habēbis nōn incūriōsōs.’","translation":"You will have listeners who are not without interest.'","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Audītōrēs","gloss":"auditor: listener, hearer"},{"text":"habēbis","gloss":"habeo: have, hold, consider, think, reason"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"incūriōsōs.’","gloss":"incuriosus: careless/negligent"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.6.m4a"},{"number":127,"id":"la.pr.C35.s3.7","source":"‘Quod poterō’ respondet ‘faciam’.","translation":"'I shall do what I can,' he answers.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"‘Quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"poterō’","gloss":"possum: be able, can"},{"text":"respondet","gloss":"respondeo: respond, reply"},{"text":"‘faciam’.","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.s3.7.m4a"},{"number":128,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.1","source":"Cum ad vīllam rediissem quid invēnī?","translation":"When I had got back to the farmhouse, what did I find?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"vīllam","gloss":"villa: farm, villa"},{"text":"rediissem","gloss":"redeo: return, go back, give back"},{"text":"quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"invēnī?","gloss":"invenio: come upon"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.1.m4a"},{"number":129,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.2","source":"Cūr vēnerat advena?","translation":"Why had the stranger come?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"vēnerat","gloss":"venio: come"},{"text":"advena?","gloss":"foreigner, immigrant, visitor from abroad"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.2.m4a"},{"number":130,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.3","source":"Quālis erat ille?","translation":"What was he like?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quālis","gloss":"qualis: what kind/sort/condition (of)"},{"text":"erat","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"ille?","gloss":"that; he, she, it"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.3.m4a"},{"number":131,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.4","source":"Quid ōlim fēcit cum nōn multum abesset quīn commīlitō quīdam interficerētur?","translation":"What did he once do when a fellow soldier was close to being killed?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"ōlim","gloss":"olim: formerly, once upon a time"},{"text":"fēcit","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"cum","gloss":"when; since; although"},{"text":"nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"multum","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"abesset","gloss":"absum: spend, waste, squander, use up"},{"text":"quīn","gloss":"quin: so that not, without"},{"text":"commīlitō","gloss":"commilito: fellow soldier"},{"text":"quīdam","gloss":"quidam: a certain one, a certain, a"},{"text":"interficerētur?","gloss":"interficio: kill"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.4.m4a"},{"number":132,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.5","source":"Cūr voluī esse mīles?","translation":"Why did I want to be a soldier?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"voluī","gloss":"volo: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"esse","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"mīles?","gloss":"miles: soldier"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.5.m4a"},{"number":133,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.6","source":"Quid post cēnam rogāvī patrem?","translation":"What did I ask my father after dinner?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"post","gloss":"behind, after"},{"text":"cēnam","gloss":"cena: dinner"},{"text":"rogāvī","gloss":"rogo: ask, ask for"},{"text":"patrem?","gloss":"pater: father"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.6.m4a"},{"number":134,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.7","source":"Quid respondit pater?","translation":"What did my father answer?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"respondit","gloss":"respondeo: respond, reply"},{"text":"pater?","gloss":"father"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.7.m4a"},{"number":135,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.8","source":"Cūr bella longinqua gerere cōguntur nostrī?","translation":"Why are our men forced to wage distant wars?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"bella","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"longinqua","gloss":"longinquus: remote, distant, far off"},{"text":"gerere","gloss":"gero: bear, carry on; wear"},{"text":"cōguntur","gloss":"cogo: collect/gather, round up, restrict/confine"},{"text":"nostrī?","gloss":"noster: our"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.8.m4a"},{"number":136,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.9","source":"Cūr Britannōs oppūgnāvit C. Iūlius Caesar?","translation":"Why did Gaius Julius Caesar attack the Britons?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Cūr","gloss":"cur: why"},{"text":"Britannōs","gloss":"Britanni: Britain"},{"text":"oppūgnāvit","gloss":"oppugno: attack, assault, storm, besiege"},{"text":"C.","gloss":"C (a name)"},{"text":"Iūlius","gloss":"Iulius: Julius"},{"text":"Caesar?","gloss":"Cæsar"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.9.m4a"},{"number":137,"id":"la.pr.C35.pB.10","source":"Quid māximē reī pūblicae interest?","translation":"What matters most to the state?","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quid","gloss":"quis: what?"},{"text":"māximē","gloss":"magnus: great, large"},{"text":"reī","gloss":"res: thing, matter"},{"text":"pūblicae","gloss":"publicus: public, belonging to the state"},{"text":"interest?","gloss":"intersum: be/lie between, be in the midst"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.pr.C35.pB.10.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[{"word":"nātiōnēs","gloss":"nation, people, from natio"},{"word":"semel","gloss":"one"},{"word":"bisve","gloss":"twice, from bis"},{"word":"commīlitō","gloss":"fellow soldier"},{"word":"succurrit","gloss":"run to the aid of, from succurro"},{"word":"graviter","gloss":"heavily, severely"},{"word":"strēnuē","gloss":"active, vigorous"},{"word":"Sulpiciō","gloss":"Sulpician, from Sulpicius"},{"word":"Gādibus","gloss":"cod, from Gades"},{"word":"abhinc","gloss":"since, ago"},{"word":"ingeniōsōrum","gloss":"clever, ingenious, from ingeniosus"},{"word":"Quīntiliānus","gloss":"Quintilius"},{"word":"Britannicō","gloss":"British, from Britannicus"},{"word":"nārrāvissent","gloss":"tell, tell about"},{"word":"longinqua","gloss":"remote, distant, from longinquus"},{"word":"arbitrantur","gloss":"think, judge, from arbitror"},{"word":"subrīdēns","gloss":"smile, from subrideo"},{"word":"cupidus","gloss":"eager"},{"word":"augeant","gloss":"increase, enlarge, from augeo"},{"word":"irrumpant","gloss":"invade"},{"word":"aliēna","gloss":"foreigner, from alienum"},{"word":"auxilium","gloss":"help, aid"},{"word":"pūblicae","gloss":"public, belonging to the state, from publicus"},{"word":"clārē","gloss":"make visible, from clareo"},{"word":"Pergrātum","gloss":"very agreeable or pleasant, from pergratus"},{"word":"faciēs","gloss":"shape, face"},{"word":"discipulās","gloss":"female pupil"},{"word":"proeliandō","gloss":"fight, from proelio"},{"word":"Audītōrēs","gloss":"listener, hearer, from auditor"},{"word":"incūriōsōs","gloss":"careless, from incuriosus"}],"paradigms":[]}]}