{"course":{"lang":"la","language":"Latin","title":"Prīmus et Secundus Annus","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la","source":"Paine and Mainwaring, Prīmus Annus (Oxford, 1912) and Secundus Annus (1917); Appleton and Jones, Puer Rōmānus (1913); D'Ooge, Latin for Beginners (Boston, 1911); Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles (1903). Public domain. The teaching pages, the glosses and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":50,"id":"la.module.vg.10","title":"Vergil: Praedicātiō Oblīqua to Praedicātiō Oblīqua","stage":"Vergil","situation":"Praedicātiō Oblīqua","outcome":"The poem's words and whole sentences, read once every form in them has been taught","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/50","lines":32},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/49","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/51","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/","sections":[{"title":"Vergil's words: vetustus, congredior, āmens","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"la.vw.sp.063.vetustus","source":"Templa deī saxō venerābar strūcta vetustō:","translation":"I was making my prayer at the god's temple, built of old stone:","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Templa","gloss":"templum: temple, shrine"},{"text":"deī","gloss":"deus: god"},{"text":"saxō","gloss":"saxum: rock, stone"},{"text":"venerābar","gloss":""},{"text":"strūcta","gloss":""},{"text":"vetustō:","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063.vetustus.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"la.vw.sp.063.congredior","source":"Congredior, fer sacra, pater, et concipe foedus.","translation":"I go to meet him. Bring the holy things, father, and draw up the treaty.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Congredior,","gloss":""},{"text":"fer","gloss":"fero: bear"},{"text":"sacra,","gloss":"sacrum: something consecrated, sacrifice"},{"text":"pater,","gloss":"father"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"concipe","gloss":""},{"text":"foedus.","gloss":"foedus2: treaty, league, formal agreement (between states), alliance"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063.congredior.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"la.vw.sp.063.amens","source":"ipse trahit, cursūque āmēns ad līmina tendit.","translation":"and his little grandson, running half mad for my door.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"ipse","gloss":"self; even, very"},{"text":"trahit,","gloss":"traho: draw, drag, haul"},{"text":"cursūque","gloss":"cursus: running"},{"text":"āmēns","gloss":""},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"līmina","gloss":"limen: threshold, entrance"},{"text":"tendit.","gloss":"tendo: stretch/spread/extend"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063.amens.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: ēlābor, intorqueo, concipio","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":4,"id":"la.vw.sp.063b.elabor","source":"Ecce autem tēlīs Panthus ēlāpsus Achīvom,","translation":"But look, Panthus, slipped clear of the Achaeans' weapons,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ecce","gloss":"see! behold! there! here!"},{"text":"autem","gloss":"but, moreover, now"},{"text":"tēlīs","gloss":"telum: weapon of offense, spear"},{"text":"Panthus","gloss":""},{"text":"ēlāpsus","gloss":"lapse"},{"text":"Achīvom,","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063b.elabor.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"la.vw.sp.063b.intorqueo","source":"hastam intorsit equō ferrumque sub aure relīquit.","translation":"twisted a spear at his horse and left the iron under its ear.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"hastam","gloss":"hasta: spear/lance/javelin"},{"text":"intorsit","gloss":""},{"text":"equō","gloss":"equus: horse"},{"text":"ferrumque","gloss":""},{"text":"sub","gloss":"under, below, up to; at"},{"text":"aure","gloss":""},{"text":"relīquit.","gloss":"relinquo: leave, abandon"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063b.intorqueo.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"la.vw.sp.063b.concipio","source":"Congredior, fer sacra, pater, et concipe foedus.","translation":"I go to meet him. Bring the holy things, father, and draw up the treaty.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Congredior,","gloss":""},{"text":"fer","gloss":"fero: bear"},{"text":"sacra,","gloss":"sacrum: something consecrated, sacrifice"},{"text":"pater,","gloss":"father"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"concipe","gloss":""},{"text":"foedus.","gloss":"foedus2: treaty, league, formal agreement (between states), alliance"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063b.concipio.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: dēficio, minor","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"la.vw.sp.063c.deficio","source":"prōcubuēre; tenent Danaī, quā dēficit ignis.","translation":"have come down. Where the fire falls short, the Danaans hold.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"prōcubuēre;","gloss":"procumbo: sink down, lie down, lean forward"},{"text":"tenent","gloss":"teneo: hold, keep"},{"text":"Danaī,","gloss":""},{"text":"quā","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"dēficit","gloss":""},{"text":"ignis.","gloss":"fire"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063c.deficio.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"la.vw.sp.063c.minor","source":"Hinc atque hinc vastae rūpēs geminīque minantur","translation":"On this side and that, huge cliffs and twin crags threaten","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Hinc","gloss":"from here, hence"},{"text":"atque","gloss":"and"},{"text":"hinc","gloss":"from here, hence"},{"text":"vastae","gloss":""},{"text":"rūpēs","gloss":"rupes: cliff"},{"text":"geminīque","gloss":"gemini: twins (pl.)"},{"text":"minantur","gloss":"minor: reduce, make less"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.063c.minor.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 135; Aeneid II. 246–247","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 318–321; Aeneid II. 376–377","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: fīdo, ceu, convello","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":9,"id":"la.vw.sp.064.fido","source":"obtulerat, fīdēns animī atque in utrumque parātus,","translation":"of his own will, sure of his nerve, and ready for either end,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"obtulerat,","gloss":""},{"text":"fīdēns","gloss":""},{"text":"animī","gloss":"animus: mind, heart; spirit, feeling"},{"text":"atque","gloss":"and"},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"utrumque","gloss":"uterque: each (of two)"},{"text":"parātus,","gloss":"paro: prepare for, prepare; provide, procure"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064.fido.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"la.vw.sp.064.ceu","source":"Sīc animīs iuvenum furor additus: inde, lupī ceu","translation":"So the young men's spirits took the frenzy on. From there, as wolves","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Sīc","gloss":"sic: so, thus"},{"text":"animīs","gloss":"animus: mind, heart; spirit, feeling"},{"text":"iuvenum","gloss":""},{"text":"furor","gloss":""},{"text":"additus:","gloss":""},{"text":"inde,","gloss":"from that place, thence"},{"text":"lupī","gloss":""},{"text":"ceu","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064.ceu.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"la.vw.sp.064.convello","source":"culmina convellunt; hīs sē, quandō ultima cernunt,","translation":"and every roof of the house; with these, since they see the end,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"culmina","gloss":""},{"text":"convellunt;","gloss":""},{"text":"hīs","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"sē,","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"quandō","gloss":"quando: when (interog), at what time"},{"text":"ultima","gloss":"far"},{"text":"cernunt,","gloss":"cerno: sift, separate, distinguish, discern, resolve, determine"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064.convello.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: ovo, potior, conclāmo","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":12,"id":"la.vw.sp.064b.ovo","source":"quō nunc Turnus ovat spoliō gaudetque potītus.","translation":"and in that spoil Turnus now exults, and is glad to have won it.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"quō","gloss":"quo: whither, where; in order to, that"},{"text":"nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"Turnus","gloss":""},{"text":"ovat","gloss":""},{"text":"spoliō","gloss":""},{"text":"gaudetque","gloss":""},{"text":"potītus.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064b.ovo.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"la.vw.sp.064b.potior","source":"coniugiō Aeacidae Pyrrhī scēptrīsque potītum,","translation":"having come into the marriage and the scepter of Pyrrhus, Aeacus' heir,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"coniugiō","gloss":""},{"text":"Aeacidae","gloss":""},{"text":"Pyrrhī","gloss":"Pyrrhus: funeral pile, pyre"},{"text":"scēptrīsque","gloss":""},{"text":"potītum,","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064b.potior.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"la.vw.sp.064b.conclamo","source":"nūmina conclāmant.","translation":"power entreated.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"nūmina","gloss":""},{"text":"conclāmant.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064b.conclamo.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: armo, ratio","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":15,"id":"la.vw.sp.064c.armo","source":"laeta facit; spoliīs sē quisque recentibus armat.","translation":"gladly; each arms himself out of the spoils still warm.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"laeta","gloss":"laetus: happy, glad"},{"text":"facit;","gloss":"facio: make, do; cause, bring about"},{"text":"spoliīs","gloss":"spolium: spoils, booty"},{"text":"sē","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"quisque","gloss":"each, each one, every"},{"text":"recentibus","gloss":""},{"text":"armat.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064c.armo.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"la.vw.sp.064c.ratio","source":"Haud incerta canō. Nunc quā ratiōne quod īnstat","translation":"I sing nothing uncertain. Now by what plan you may win your way","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Haud","gloss":"not, not at all, by no means"},{"text":"incerta","gloss":""},{"text":"canō.","gloss":""},{"text":"Nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"quā","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"ratiōne","gloss":"ratio: account, reckoning, invoice"},{"text":"quod","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"īnstat","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.064c.ratio.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 220–222; Aeneid I. 378–379","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 559–560; Aeneid II. 394–395","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: āgrestis, colligo, principium","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":17,"id":"la.vw.sp.065.agrestis","source":"Multa movēns animō nymphās venerābar agrestīs","translation":"Turning much over in my mind I prayed to the country nymphs","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Multa","gloss":"multus: much; many"},{"text":"movēns","gloss":""},{"text":"animō","gloss":"animus: mind, heart; spirit, feeling"},{"text":"nymphās","gloss":""},{"text":"venerābar","gloss":""},{"text":"agrestīs","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065.agrestis.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"la.vw.sp.065.colligo","source":"Hūc septem Aenēās collēctīs nāvibus omnī","translation":"Here Aeneas puts in with seven vessels gathered","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Hūc","gloss":"huc: here, to this place"},{"text":"septem","gloss":"seven"},{"text":"Aenēās","gloss":""},{"text":"collēctīs","gloss":""},{"text":"nāvibus","gloss":"navis: ship"},{"text":"omnī","gloss":"omnis: every, all"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065.colligo.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"la.vw.sp.065.principium","source":"Prīncipiō mūrōs obscūraque līmina portae,","translation":"First I go back to the walls and the dark opening of the gate","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Prīncipiō","gloss":""},{"text":"mūrōs","gloss":"murus: wall"},{"text":"obscūraque","gloss":"obscurus: dim, dark, obscure"},{"text":"līmina","gloss":"limen: threshold, entrance"},{"text":"portae,","gloss":"porta: gate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065.principium.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: flammo, fateor, sōlor","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":20,"id":"la.vw.sp.065b.flammo","source":"Tālia flammātō sēcum dea corde volūtāns","translation":"Turning such things over in her kindled heart, the goddess","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Tālia","gloss":"talis: such"},{"text":"flammātō","gloss":""},{"text":"sēcum","gloss":"sui: of himself (herself, itself, themselves)"},{"text":"dea","gloss":"goddess"},{"text":"corde","gloss":"cor: heart"},{"text":"volūtāns","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065b.flammo.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"la.vw.sp.065b.fateor","source":"et bellō Īliacōs fateor petiisse Penātīs;","translation":"and I admit I made war on the household gods of Ilium;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"bellō","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"Īliacōs","gloss":""},{"text":"fateor","gloss":""},{"text":"petiisse","gloss":""},{"text":"Penātīs;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065b.fateor.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"la.vw.sp.065b.solor","source":"Hoc tamen īnfēlīx miseram sōlābere mortem:","translation":"You will have this one thing, unlucky boy, to console a wretched death:","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Hoc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"tamen","gloss":"yet, nevertheless"},{"text":"īnfēlīx","gloss":"infelix: unhappy, unlucky"},{"text":"miseram","gloss":""},{"text":"sōlābere","gloss":""},{"text":"mortem:","gloss":"mors: death"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065b.solor.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: serēnus, purpureus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":23,"id":"la.vw.sp.065c.serenus","source":"Postquam cūncta videt caelō cōnstāre serēnō,","translation":"When he sees that everything holds steady in a clear sky,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Postquam","gloss":"after, as soon as"},{"text":"cūncta","gloss":"cunctus: altogether (usu. pl.), in a body"},{"text":"videt","gloss":"video: see, perceive"},{"text":"caelō","gloss":"caelum: heaven, sky"},{"text":"cōnstāre","gloss":""},{"text":"serēnō,","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065c.serenus.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"la.vw.sp.065c.purpureus","source":"purpureōsque iacit flōrēs, ac tālia fātur:","translation":"and throws down bright flowers, and speaks in this way:","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"purpureōsque","gloss":""},{"text":"iacit","gloss":"jacio: throw, hurl, cast"},{"text":"flōrēs,","gloss":"flos: flower, blossom"},{"text":"ac","gloss":"atque: and"},{"text":"tālia","gloss":"talis: such"},{"text":"fātur:","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.065c.purpureus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 275–277; Aeneid II. 336–338","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid III. 518–519; Aeneid III. 602–603","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: cinis, reposco, paternus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"la.vw.sp.066.cinis","source":"Nōn servāta fidēs cinerī prōmissa Sychaeō!”","translation":"The faith promised to Sychaeus' ash was not kept!”","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"servāta","gloss":"servo: watch over"},{"text":"fidēs","gloss":"fides: chord, instrument string"},{"text":"cinerī","gloss":""},{"text":"prōmissa","gloss":"promissum: promise"},{"text":"Sychaeō!”","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066.cinis.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"la.vw.sp.066.reposco","source":"rēgem ad supplicium praesentī Mārte reposcunt.","translation":"they demand the king back for punishment, with war standing ready.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"rēgem","gloss":"rex: king"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"supplicium","gloss":"punishment, torture"},{"text":"praesentī","gloss":"praesens: present"},{"text":"Mārte","gloss":"Mars: Mars, Roman god of war"},{"text":"reposcunt.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066.reposco.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"la.vw.sp.066.paternus","source":"Fāma volat pulsum rēgnīs cessisse paternīs","translation":"Rumor flies that a prince has been driven out and has given up his father's","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Fāma","gloss":"fama: rumor; reputation, fame"},{"text":"volat","gloss":"volo2: wish, want, prefer"},{"text":"pulsum","gloss":""},{"text":"rēgnīs","gloss":""},{"text":"cessisse","gloss":""},{"text":"paternīs","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066.paternus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: tenuis, famulus, turma","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":28,"id":"la.vw.sp.066b.tenuis","source":"dīcere dēseruit, tenuisque recessit in aurās.","translation":"and wanting to say much, and withdrew into thin air.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"dīcere","gloss":"dico2: say, speak, tell"},{"text":"dēseruit,","gloss":""},{"text":"tenuisque","gloss":"tenuis: thin, fine"},{"text":"recessit","gloss":""},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"aurās.","gloss":"aura: air, breeze"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066b.tenuis.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"la.vw.sp.066b.famulus","source":"Circum omnis famulumque manus Troiānaque turba","translation":"All about were the whole household of servants and the Trojan crowd","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Circum","gloss":"about, around"},{"text":"omnis","gloss":"every, all"},{"text":"famulumque","gloss":""},{"text":"manus","gloss":"hand; band, force"},{"text":"Troiānaque","gloss":""},{"text":"turba","gloss":"commotion, uproar, turmoil, tumult, disturbance"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066b.famulus.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"la.vw.sp.066b.turma","source":"Signa canunt. Prīmus turmās invāsit agrestīs","translation":"The trumpets sound. Aeneas fell first on the country squadrons,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Signa","gloss":""},{"text":"canunt.","gloss":"cano: sing, celebrate, chant"},{"text":"Prīmus","gloss":"primus: first, foremost/best, chief, principal"},{"text":"turmās","gloss":""},{"text":"invāsit","gloss":""},{"text":"agrestīs","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066b.turma.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: furia, augur","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":31,"id":"la.vw.sp.066c.furia","source":"Ergō omnīs furiīs surrēxit Etrūria iūstīs:","translation":"So all Etruria has risen in a fury that is just:","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Ergō","gloss":"ergo: therefore"},{"text":"omnīs","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"furiīs","gloss":""},{"text":"surrēxit","gloss":"surgo: rise, lift"},{"text":"Etrūria","gloss":""},{"text":"iūstīs:","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066c.furia.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"la.vw.sp.066c.augur","source":"Heu furiīs incēnsa feror! Nunc augur Apollō,","translation":"Ah, I am carried away, burning with the Furies! Now the seer Apollo,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Heu","gloss":"oh! ah! alas! (an expression of dismay or pain)"},{"text":"furiīs","gloss":""},{"text":"incēnsa","gloss":"incensus2: burn, kindle, inflame"},{"text":"feror!","gloss":""},{"text":"Nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"augur","gloss":""},{"text":"Apollō,","gloss":"Apollo: Apollo"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.066c.augur.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 25–26; Aeneid II. 632–633","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 790–791; Aeneid IV. 552","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]}]}