{"course":{"lang":"la","language":"Latin","title":"Prīmus et Secundus Annus","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la","source":"Paine and Mainwaring, Prīmus Annus (Oxford, 1912) and Secundus Annus (1917); Appleton and Jones, Puer Rōmānus (1913); D'Ooge, Latin for Beginners (Boston, 1911); Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles (1903). Public domain. The teaching pages, the glosses and the narration are ours."},"unit":{"number":53,"id":"la.module.vg.13","title":"Vergil: Interrogātiō Oblīqua to Subiūncta Clausula in Ōrātiōne Oblīquā","stage":"Vergil","situation":"Interrogātiō Oblīqua; Iterātiō (tempore praesentī); Subiūncta Clausula in Ōrātiōne Oblīquā","outcome":"The poem's words and whole sentences, read once every form in them has been taught","url":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/53","lines":32},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/52","next":"https://1732studios.com/courses/la/54","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/","sections":[{"title":"Vergil's words: conticesco, extendo, cumque","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":1,"id":"la.vw.sp.075.conticesco","source":"Conticuēre omnēs, intentīque ōra tenēbant.","translation":"They all fell silent, and held their faces turned to him, intent.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Conticuēre","gloss":""},{"text":"omnēs,","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"intentīque","gloss":"intentus: eager/intent, closely attentive"},{"text":"ōra","gloss":"ora: shore, coast"},{"text":"tenēbant.","gloss":"teneo: hold, keep"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075.conticesco.m4a"},{"number":2,"id":"la.vw.sp.075.extendo","source":"Et dubitāmus adhūc virtūte extendere vīrēs,","translation":"And do we still hang back from spreading our strength by worth,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"dubitāmus","gloss":"dubito: doubt"},{"text":"adhūc","gloss":"adhuc: hitherto, as yet, thus far"},{"text":"virtūte","gloss":"virtus: manliness, courage"},{"text":"extendere","gloss":""},{"text":"vīrēs,","gloss":"vis: strength, power, might, violence"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075.extendo.m4a"},{"number":3,"id":"la.vw.sp.075.cumque","source":"Quī tē cumque manent istō certāmine cāsus,","translation":"Whatever chances wait for you in that contest,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"tē","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"cumque","gloss":""},{"text":"manent","gloss":"maneo: MENE"},{"text":"istō","gloss":""},{"text":"certāmine","gloss":"certamen: contest, competition"},{"text":"cāsus,","gloss":"casus: chance; misfortune, loss"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075.cumque.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: Penātes, āerius, caelicola","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":4,"id":"la.vw.sp.075b.penates","source":"advectum Aenēān classī vīctōsque penātīs","translation":"that Aeneas has been carried in with a fleet and is bringing his beaten household gods","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"advectum","gloss":""},{"text":"Aenēān","gloss":""},{"text":"classī","gloss":""},{"text":"vīctōsque","gloss":""},{"text":"penātīs","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075b.penates.m4a"},{"number":5,"id":"la.vw.sp.075b.aerius","source":"nec tū mē āeriā sōlam nunc sēde vidērēs","translation":"and you would not be seeing me now alone in a seat of air,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"tū","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"mē","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"āeriā","gloss":""},{"text":"sōlam","gloss":"solus: only, single"},{"text":"nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"sēde","gloss":"sedes: seat"},{"text":"vidērēs","gloss":"video: see, look at"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075b.aerius.m4a"},{"number":6,"id":"la.vw.sp.075b.caelicola","source":"surgit, caelicolae medium quem ad līmina dūcunt.","translation":"throne, and the dwellers in heaven lead him, in their midst, to the doorway.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"surgit,","gloss":"surgo: rise, lift"},{"text":"caelicolae","gloss":""},{"text":"medium","gloss":"medius: middle, middle of, mid"},{"text":"quem","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"ad","gloss":"to"},{"text":"līmina","gloss":"limen: threshold, entrance"},{"text":"dūcunt.","gloss":"duco: lead, command"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075b.caelicola.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: ordior, loco","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":7,"id":"la.vw.sp.075c.ordior","source":"ulterius temptāre vetō.” Sīc Iuppiter ōrsus;","translation":"I forbid you to try further.” So Jupiter began;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"ulterius","gloss":""},{"text":"temptāre","gloss":"tento: handle, feel"},{"text":"vetō.”","gloss":"veto: forbid"},{"text":"Sīc","gloss":"sic: so, thus"},{"text":"Iuppiter","gloss":"Juppiter: Jupiter"},{"text":"ōrsus;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075c.ordior.m4a"},{"number":8,"id":"la.vw.sp.075c.loco","source":"moenia prīma locō, fātīs ingressus inīquīs,","translation":"I lay out my first walls, having entered on them under unkind fates,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"moenia","gloss":"walls, fortifications"},{"text":"prīma","gloss":"prima: chiefs (pl.), nobles"},{"text":"locō,","gloss":"locus: place, spot"},{"text":"fātīs","gloss":""},{"text":"ingressus","gloss":"entry"},{"text":"inīquīs,","gloss":"iniquus: unjust, unfair"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.075c.loco.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 128–130; Aeneid I. 348–352","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 753–755; Aeneid II. 1","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: nimius, decet, ēruo","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":9,"id":"la.vw.sp.076.nimius","source":"tantum īnfēlīcem nimium dīlēxit amīcum.”","translation":"he only loved an unlucky friend too much.”","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"tantum","gloss":"tantus: so great"},{"text":"īnfēlīcem","gloss":"infelix: unfortunate, unhappy, wretched"},{"text":"nimium","gloss":""},{"text":"dīlēxit","gloss":""},{"text":"amīcum.”","gloss":"amicus: friend; friendly"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076.nimius.m4a"},{"number":10,"id":"la.vw.sp.076.decet","source":"Mortālin decuit violārī volnere dīvom,","translation":"Was it fitting that a god be violated by a mortal wound,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Mortālin","gloss":""},{"text":"decuit","gloss":""},{"text":"violārī","gloss":""},{"text":"volnere","gloss":"vulnus: wound"},{"text":"dīvom,","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076.decet.m4a"},{"number":11,"id":"la.vw.sp.076.eruo","source":"ēruam et aequa solō fūmantia culmina pōnam.","translation":"I will tear up, and lay its smoking roofs level with the ground.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"ēruam","gloss":""},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"aequa","gloss":""},{"text":"solō","gloss":"solum: bottom, ground, floor"},{"text":"fūmantia","gloss":""},{"text":"culmina","gloss":""},{"text":"pōnam.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076.eruo.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: aēnus, cuspis, laetor","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":12,"id":"la.vw.sp.076b.aenus","source":"lītore aēna locant aliī, flammāsque ministrant.","translation":"others set bronze pots along the beach and tend the fires.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"lītore","gloss":"litus3: seashore, beach"},{"text":"aēna","gloss":""},{"text":"locant","gloss":""},{"text":"aliī,","gloss":"alius2: another, other"},{"text":"flammāsque","gloss":"flamma: flame, blaze"},{"text":"ministrant.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076b.aenus.m4a"},{"number":13,"id":"la.vw.sp.076b.cuspis","source":"Huic comitem Asbȳtēn coniectā cuspide mittit.","translation":"He sends Asbytes after him for company with a thrown point,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Huic","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"comitem","gloss":"comes: eating, consuming"},{"text":"Asbȳtēn","gloss":""},{"text":"coniectā","gloss":""},{"text":"cuspide","gloss":""},{"text":"mittit.","gloss":"mitto: send"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076b.cuspis.m4a"},{"number":14,"id":"la.vw.sp.076b.laetor","source":"Pergama, nec veterum meminī laetorve malōrum.","translation":"has been torn down, and I take no pleasure remembering the old evils.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Pergama,","gloss":""},{"text":"nec","gloss":"neque: neither, nor, and ... not"},{"text":"veterum","gloss":""},{"text":"meminī","gloss":"memini: remember  (PERF form, PRES force)"},{"text":"laetorve","gloss":""},{"text":"malōrum.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076b.laetor.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: rādix, pīnus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":15,"id":"la.vw.sp.076c.radix","source":"dētulerat fīxam et lenta in rādīce tenēbat.","translation":"down to this place and fixed it, and the tough root held it.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"dētulerat","gloss":""},{"text":"fīxam","gloss":""},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"lenta","gloss":""},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"rādīce","gloss":""},{"text":"tenēbat.","gloss":"teneo: keep, hold"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076c.radix.m4a"},{"number":16,"id":"la.vw.sp.076c.pinus","source":"quam sacrās dabitur pīnūs. Vōs īte solūtae,","translation":"to burn before he is given my holy pines. You, go free,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"quam","gloss":"than"},{"text":"sacrās","gloss":"sacer: sacred, holy, consecrated"},{"text":"dabitur","gloss":"do: give"},{"text":"pīnūs.","gloss":""},{"text":"Vōs","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"īte","gloss":"eo: go"},{"text":"solūtae,","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.076c.pinus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 212–213; Aeneid I. 482","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 596–597; Aeneid IV. 597–599","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: truncus, regnātor, āvulsus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":17,"id":"la.vw.sp.077.truncus","source":"Trunca manū pīnus regit et vestīgia firmat;","translation":"A lopped pine in his hand steers him and steadies his steps;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Trunca","gloss":""},{"text":"manū","gloss":"manus: hand; band, force"},{"text":"pīnus","gloss":""},{"text":"regit","gloss":"rego: govern, rule"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"vestīgia","gloss":"vestigium: footprint, track; trace, vestige"},{"text":"firmat;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077.truncus.m4a"},{"number":18,"id":"la.vw.sp.077.regnator","source":"rēgnātor, caelum ac terrās quī nūmine torquet;","translation":"from bright Olympus, who turns sky and earth with his will;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"rēgnātor,","gloss":""},{"text":"caelum","gloss":"sky, heavens"},{"text":"ac","gloss":"atque: and"},{"text":"terrās","gloss":"terra: land"},{"text":"quī","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"nūmine","gloss":""},{"text":"torquet;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077.regnator.m4a"},{"number":19,"id":"la.vw.sp.077.avulsus","source":"āvolsumque umerīs caput, et sine nōmine corpus.","translation":"the head torn from the shoulders, and a body with no name.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"āvolsumque","gloss":""},{"text":"umerīs","gloss":"umerus: shoulder"},{"text":"caput,","gloss":"head"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"sine","gloss":"without"},{"text":"nōmine","gloss":"nomen: name, family name"},{"text":"corpus.","gloss":"body"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077.avulsus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: viscus, coruscus, irruo","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":20,"id":"la.vw.sp.077b.viscus","source":"Vīsceribus miserōrum et sanguine vēscitur ātrō.","translation":"He feeds on the innards of wretched men and on black blood.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Vīsceribus","gloss":""},{"text":"miserōrum","gloss":""},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"sanguine","gloss":"sanguis: blood"},{"text":"vēscitur","gloss":""},{"text":"ātrō.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077b.viscus.m4a"},{"number":21,"id":"la.vw.sp.077b.coruscus","source":"Vix positum castrīs simulācrum, ārsēre coruscae","translation":"Hardly was the image set down in camp when flame flickered","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Vix","gloss":"scarcely, hardly"},{"text":"positum","gloss":"pono: put, place, set"},{"text":"castrīs","gloss":"castrum: fort; camp"},{"text":"simulācrum,","gloss":"simulacrum: likeness, image, statue"},{"text":"ārsēre","gloss":""},{"text":"coruscae","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077b.coruscus.m4a"},{"number":22,"id":"la.vw.sp.077b.irruo","source":"mē referō: inruerant Danaī, et tēctum omne tenēbant.","translation":"I take myself. The Danaans had broken in and held the whole house.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"mē","gloss":"ego: I"},{"text":"referō:","gloss":""},{"text":"inruerant","gloss":""},{"text":"Danaī,","gloss":""},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"tēctum","gloss":"tectum: roof"},{"text":"omne","gloss":"omnis: every, all"},{"text":"tenēbant.","gloss":"teneo: hold, keep"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077b.irruo.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: excidium, portendo","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":23,"id":"la.vw.sp.077c.excidium","source":"ventūrum excidiō Libyae: sīc volvere Parcās.","translation":"would come for Libya's ruin: so the Fates were spinning it.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"ventūrum","gloss":""},{"text":"excidiō","gloss":""},{"text":"Libyae:","gloss":"Libya: Libya (general term for North Africa)"},{"text":"sīc","gloss":"sic: so, thus"},{"text":"volvere","gloss":""},{"text":"Parcās.","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077c.excidium.m4a"},{"number":24,"id":"la.vw.sp.077c.portendo","source":"Nunc repetō haec generī portendere dēbita nostrō,","translation":"Now I recall that she foretold these things as owed to our line,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nunc","gloss":"now, the present moment"},{"text":"repetō","gloss":""},{"text":"haec","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"generī","gloss":""},{"text":"portendere","gloss":"portendo: predict, foretell"},{"text":"dēbita","gloss":""},{"text":"nostrō,","gloss":"noster: our, ours"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.077c.portendo.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 21–22; Aeneid II. 199–200","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 756–757; Aeneid III. 184–185","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: hospitium, potis, ascio","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":25,"id":"la.vw.sp.078.hospitium","source":"permittit patria? Hospitiō prohibēmur harēnae;","translation":"allows this custom? We are kept from the welcome of the sand;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"permittit","gloss":""},{"text":"patria?","gloss":"fatherland"},{"text":"Hospitiō","gloss":"hospitium: hospitality"},{"text":"prohibēmur","gloss":""},{"text":"harēnae;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078.hospitium.m4a"},{"number":26,"id":"la.vw.sp.078.potis","source":"Vōs animam hanc potius quōcumque absūmite lētō.”","translation":"Do you rather use up this life of mine by whatever death you please.”","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Vōs","gloss":"tu: thou, you"},{"text":"animam","gloss":"anima: soul, spirit, vital principle"},{"text":"hanc","gloss":"hic: this"},{"text":"potius","gloss":"potis: able, capable"},{"text":"quōcumque","gloss":"quocumque: wherever, to/in any place/quarter to which/whatever, whithersoever"},{"text":"absūmite","gloss":""},{"text":"lētō.”","gloss":"letum: death"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078.potis.m4a"},{"number":27,"id":"la.vw.sp.078.ascio","source":"Spem siquam adscītīs Aetōlum habuistis in armīs,","translation":"If you had any hope in the Aetolian arms you called in,","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Spem","gloss":"spes: hope"},{"text":"siquam","gloss":""},{"text":"adscītīs","gloss":""},{"text":"Aetōlum","gloss":""},{"text":"habuistis","gloss":""},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"armīs,","gloss":"arma: arms"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078.ascio.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: glomero, exiguus, comminus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":28,"id":"la.vw.sp.078b.glomero","source":"sed glomerāre manum bellō et concurrere in arcem","translation":"but the spirit burns to gather a company for the fight and run","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"sed","gloss":"but"},{"text":"glomerāre","gloss":""},{"text":"manum","gloss":"manus: hand; band, force"},{"text":"bellō","gloss":"bellum: war"},{"text":"et","gloss":"and"},{"text":"concurrere","gloss":""},{"text":"in","gloss":"in, on; into, to, against"},{"text":"arcem","gloss":"arx: citadel, stronghold, city"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078b.glomero.m4a"},{"number":29,"id":"la.vw.sp.078b.exiguus","source":"exiguam pretiō posuit, cui lītus arandum","translation":"a paltry town for a price, to whom we gave a shore to plow","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"exiguam","gloss":""},{"text":"pretiō","gloss":"pretium: price/value/worth"},{"text":"posuit,","gloss":"pono: place, put"},{"text":"cui","gloss":"qui: who, which, what, that"},{"text":"lītus","gloss":"litus3: seashore, beach"},{"text":"arandum","gloss":"aro: plow, till, cultivate"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078b.exiguus.m4a"},{"number":30,"id":"la.vw.sp.078b.comminus","source":"Nōn cursū, saevīs certandum est comminus armīs.","translation":"It is not to be settled by running, but hand to hand, with savage arms.","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Nōn","gloss":"non: not"},{"text":"cursū,","gloss":"cursus: running"},{"text":"saevīs","gloss":"saevus: fierce, savage"},{"text":"certandum","gloss":""},{"text":"est","gloss":"sum: be; exist"},{"text":"comminus","gloss":"hand to hand"},{"text":"armīs.","gloss":"arma: arms"}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078b.comminus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Vergil's words: permitto, rogus","teaching":[],"lines":[{"number":31,"id":"la.vw.sp.078c.permitto","source":"permittit patria? Hospitiō prohibēmur harēnae;","translation":"allows this custom? We are kept from the welcome of the sand;","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"permittit","gloss":""},{"text":"patria?","gloss":"fatherland"},{"text":"Hospitiō","gloss":"hospitium: hospitality"},{"text":"prohibēmur","gloss":""},{"text":"harēnae;","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078c.permitto.m4a"},{"number":32,"id":"la.vw.sp.078c.rogus","source":"Dardaniīque rogum capitis permittere flammae.”","translation":"and let the flame take the pyre of that Dardanian head.”","reading":null,"words":[{"text":"Dardaniīque","gloss":""},{"text":"rogum","gloss":"funeral pyre"},{"text":"capitis","gloss":"caput: head"},{"text":"permittere","gloss":""},{"text":"flammae.”","gloss":""}],"audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/course-la/la.vw.sp.078c.rogus.m4a"}],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid I. 539–540; Aeneid II. 266–267","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]},{"title":"Aeneid II. 314–316; Aeneid II. 361–362","teaching":[],"lines":[],"grammar":[],"vocabulary":[],"paradigms":[]}]}