Japanese · Botchan
二
Chapter 2
Tap a sentence to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.
- 1
With a boom the steamer stopped, and a lighter pulled away from the shore and rowed out to meet it.
ぶうboomぶう · nounoblique complement of 云っとquoteと · particlequote marker on ぶう云っwent云う · verbadverbial clause on とまるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ汽船steamer汽船 · nounsubject of とまるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 汽船とまるstopsとまる · verbadverbial clause on 離れとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of とまる艀lighter艀 · nounsubject of 離れがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 艀岸shore岸 · noundirect object of 離れをobjectを · particleparticle marking 岸離れpulled away離れる · verbadverbial clause on 寄せてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 離れ漕ぎrowed漕ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 寄せ寄せalongside寄せる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寄せ来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寄せ The boatman was stark naked but for a red loincloth.
船頭boatman船頭 · nounsubject of しめはtopicは · particleparticle marking 船頭真っ裸stark naked真っ裸 · nounoblique complement of しめにinに · particleparticle marking 真っ裸赤ふんどしred loincloth赤ふんどし · noundirect object of しめをobjectを · particleparticle marking 赤ふんどししめwearsしめる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しめいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てWhat a barbarous place.
野蛮barbarous野蛮 · nounclause modifying 所なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 野蛮所place所 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 所Though in this heat, I suppose, no one could stand wearing clothes.
もっともstillもっとも · conjunctionlinks the coordinationこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 熱熱heat熱い · nounoblique complement of きらさ-nessさ · particlenominalizer on 熱でinで · particleparticle marking 熱さはtopicは · particleparticle marking 熱さで着物clothes着物 · nounsubject of きらはtopicは · particleparticle marking 着物きらwearきる · verbmain verb of the sentenceれcan beれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きらまいprobably notまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きらThe sun was so strong the water glared.
日sun日 · nounsubject of 強いがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 日強いis strong強い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 光るのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 強いでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase の水water水 · nounsubject of 光るがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 水やdazzlinglyいやに · adverbadverbial clause on 光るに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ややに here is a clipped colloquial form of いやに ("unusually, awfully").
光るglares光る · verbmain verb of the sentenceEven staring at it made my eyes swim.
見look見る · verbdepends on くらむつめfixedlyつめる · verbadverbial clause on くらむてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つめいisいる · verbpart of the phrase ててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つめもevenも · particleparticle marking つめ眼eyes眼 · nounsubject of くらむがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 眼くらむswimsくらむ · verbmain verb of the sentenceI asked a clerk and it turned out this was where I was supposed to get off.
事務office事務 · nouncompound with 員員clerk員 · nounoblique complement of 聞いにtoに · particleparticle marking 員聞いasked聞く · verbclause modifying おれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみるtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いおれIおれ · pronounsubject of 降りるはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれここhereここ · pronounoblique complement of 降りるへatへ · particleparticle marking ここ降りるget off降りる · verbmain verb of the sentenceのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 降りるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のそうapparentlyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降りるだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降りるAs far as I could tell, it was a fishing village about the size of Ōmori.
見るcan see見る · verbclause modifying ところところpointところ · nounmodifies 漁村でatで · particleparticle marking ところはtopicは · particleparticle marking ところ大森Ōmori大森 · proper nouncompound with ぐらいぐらいabout the size ofぐらい · nounparticle marking ところなisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ぐらい漁村fishing village漁村 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 漁村They take me for a fool. How could I stand a place like this? That was what I thought, but there was nothing to be done.
人people人 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人馬鹿a fool馬鹿 · nounoblique complement of しにasだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 馬鹿しtreatingする · verbclause modifying らあてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいisいる · verbpart of the phrase てらあindeedらあ · auxiliary verbemphatic ending on いこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 所所place所 · nounoblique complement of 出来るにinに · particleparticle marking 所我慢endurance我慢 · nounsubject of 出来るがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 我慢出来るis possible出来る · verbclause modifying ものものthe ideaもの · nounoblique complement of 思っかas if!か · particleintroduces the clause of ものとquoteと · particleparticle marking もの思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on ないたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ仕方way仕方 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕方ないthere is noneない · adjectivehead of the phraseI leapt down first, full of spirit.
威勢spirit威勢 · nouncompound with よくよくfull ofよい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 飛び一one一 · numeralquantifies 番番first番 · nounoblique complement of 飛びに-lyに · particleparticle marking 番飛びjumped飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 込ん込んin込む · verbmain verb of the sentenceだpastだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込んFive or six others must have climbed in after me.
続following続く · verbadverbial clause on 乗っ続づいて is an old okurigana spelling of modern 続いて ("following").
づいafter続く · verbadverbial clause on 乗ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of づい五六five or six五六 · nouncompound with 人人people人 · nounsubject of 乗っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 人乗っgot on乗る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたろうmust haveた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗っBesides us, four big crates were loaded on, and the red-loincloth man rowed us back to shore.
外besides外 · nounoblique complement of 戻しにinに · particleparticle marking 外大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies 箱箱crates箱 · noundirect object of 戻しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 箱四four四 · numeralquantifies つつpiecesつ · nounoblique complement of 積みばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking つ積みloaded積む · verbadverbial clause on 戻し込んon込む · verbadverbial clause on 戻しでandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込ん赤red赤 · nouncompound with ふんふんloinclothふんどし · nounsubject of 戻しはtopicは · particleparticle marking ふん岸shore岸 · nounoblique complement of 漕ぎへtoへ · particleparticle marking 岸漕ぎrowed漕ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 戻し戻しback戻す · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 戻し来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 戻しThe moment we touched land I was the first to jump out, and on the spot I grabbed a snot-nosed brat standing on the beach and asked him where the middle school was.
陸land陸 · nounoblique complement of 着いへtoへ · particleparticle marking 陸着いreached着く · verbclause modifying 時たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着い時moment時 · nounsubject of つらまえもevenも · particleparticle marking 時いの一番the very firstいの一番 · nounoblique complement of 飛びに-lyに · particleparticle marking いの一番飛びjumped飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 立っ上がっup上がる · verbadverbial clause on 立ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっいきなりright awayいきなり · adverbmodifies 立っ磯shore磯 · nounoblique complement of 立っにonに · particleparticle marking 磯立っstanding立つ · verbclause modifying 小僧てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 立っいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立っ鼻nose鼻 · nouncompound with 小僧たれdrippingたれる · verbcompound with 小僧小僧kid小僧 · noundirect object of つらまえをobjectを · particleparticle marking 小僧つらまえgrabbedつらまえる · verbadverbial clause on 聞いつらまえる is a dialectal (Matsuyama-style) form of standard つかまえる ("catch/grab").
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つらまえ中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nountopic of どこはtopicは · particleparticle marking 学校どこwhereどこ · pronounclausal complement of 聞いだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to どことquoteと · particleparticle marking どこ聞いasked聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いThe boy just stood there blankly and said, 'Dunno.'
小僧boy小僧 · nounsubject of ぼんやりはtopicは · particleparticle marking 小僧ぼんやりblanklyぼんやり · adverbadverbial clause on 云っしwasする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぼんやりてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ぼんやり知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 云っんdon'tぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らがthoughが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知らのindeedの · particlesentence-final particle after 知らんがとquoteと · particleparticle marking 知ら云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っWhat a dim-witted country bumpkin.
気wit気 · nounmodifies 利かのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 気利かquick利く · verbclause modifying ものぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 利か田舎country田舎 · nouncompound with ものものbumpkinもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものIn a town no bigger than a cat's forehead, how could anyone not know where the middle school was?
猫cat猫 · nounmodifies 額のofの · particleparticle marking 猫額forehead額 · nounclause modifying 癖ほどthe size ofほど · particleparticle marking 額なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 額町内town町内 · nounmodifies 癖のofの · particleparticle marking 町内癖despite being癖 · nounoblique complement of あるにyetに · particleparticle marking 癖中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounmodifies ありかの'sの · particleparticle marking 学校ありかwhereaboutsありか · nounsubject of 知らもevenも · particleparticle marking ありか知らknow知る · verbclause modifying 奴ぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知ら奴fellow奴 · nounsubject of あるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 奴あるexistsある · verbclause modifying ものものthe ideaもの · nounhead of the phraseかas if!か · particleparticle marking ものJust then an odd man in a straight-sleeved coat came up and told me to follow him, so I did, and he led me to an inn called the Minatoya.
ところthenところ · nounoblique complement of きへtoへ · particleparticle marking ところ妙odd妙 · adjectiveclause modifying 筒なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙筒tube-sleeved筒 · nouncompound with っぽうっぽうcoatっぽう · noundirect object of 着筒っぽう is an old term for a short, straight-sleeved workman's coat; not the -っぽい adjectival suffix.
を(object)を · particleparticle marking 筒っぽう着wore着る · verbclause modifying 男た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着男man男 · nounsubject of きが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 男きcameくる · verbadverbial clause on 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of きこっちhereこっち · pronounoblique complement of 来いへtoへ · particleparticle marking こっち来いcome!来る · verbclausal complement of 云うとthatと · particleparticle marking 来い云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 行っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う尾followed尾く · verbclause modifying 行っ尾く is an old/dialectal spelling for 付く "to follow along after."
いalong尾く · verbcompound with 尾てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 尾行っwent行く · verbadverbial clause on 連れたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っ港屋Minatoya港屋 · proper nounmodifies 宿屋とorと · particleparticle marking 港屋かsoか · particleparticle marking 港屋云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 宿屋宿屋inn宿屋 · nounoblique complement of 連れへtoへ · particleparticle marking 宿屋連れtook連れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 連れ来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 連れた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 連れA bunch of disagreeable-looking women all sang out together, 'Please come in,' which made me not want to go in at all.
やdisagreeableいや · adjectiveclause modifying 女colloquial contraction of いや before な.
なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of や女women女 · nounsubject of 揃えが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 女声voices声 · noundirect object of 揃えを(object)を · particleparticle marking 声揃えunited揃える · verbadverbial clause on 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 揃えおkindlyお · nouncompound with 上がり上がりcome in上がる · verbcompound with なさいなさいpleaseなさる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がりとthatと · particleparticle marking なさい云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on なっのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase の上がるgoing in上がる · verbdepends on なっのthe act ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 上がるいやdistastefulいや · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっにtoだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いやなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっStanding right there in the doorway, I told them to just point me to the middle school, and when I heard I'd have to go about two ri by train to get there, I liked the idea of going in even less.
門口doorway門口 · nounoblique complement of 立っへatへ · particleparticle marking 門口立っstanding立つ · verbadverbial clause on 云った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立っなりjust asなり · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立っ中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · noundirect object of 教えろを(object)を · particleparticle marking 学校教えろshow me教える · verbclausal complement of 云っとthatと · particleparticle marking 教えろ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 聞いたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounsubject of 行かは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 学校これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 行かからfromから · particleparticle marking これ汽車train汽車 · nounoblique complement of 行かでbyで · particleparticle marking 汽車二two二 · numeralquantifies 里里ri里 · nounoblique complement of 行かばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 里行かgo行く · verbclausal complement of 聞いなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かちゃifちゃ · particlepart of the phrase 行かいけwon't doいける · verbcompound with ちゃないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ちゃとthatと · particleparticle marking ちゃ聞いheard聞く · verbadverbial clause on なってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いなおeven moreなお · adverbmodifies いや上がるgoing in上がる · verbdepends on なっのthe act ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 上がるいやdistastefulいや · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっにtoだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いやなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっI snatched my two leather bags back from the man in the straight-sleeved coat and lumbered off.
は(topic)は · particleparticle marking おれ筒tube-sleeved筒 · nouncompound with っぽうっぽうcoatっぽう · noundirect object of 着を(object)を · particleparticle marking 筒っぽう着wore着る · verbclause modifying 男た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着男man男 · nounoblique complement of 引きからfromから · particleparticle marking 男おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 革鞄の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ革鞄bags革鞄 · noundirect object of 引きを(object)を · particleparticle marking 革鞄二two二 · numeralquantifies つつitemsつ · nounoblique complement of 引き引きsnatched引く · verbadverbial clause on 出したくっforciblyたくる · verbadverbial clause on 出してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of たくっのそのそlumberingのそのそ · adverbmodifies あるきあるきwalkedあるく · verbadverbial clause on 出し出しstarted出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しThe people of the inn looked at me like I was strange.
宿屋inn宿屋 · nounmodifies ものの'sの · particleparticle marking 宿屋ものpeopleもの · nounsubject of しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking もの変strange変 · adjectiveclause modifying 顔なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 変顔look顔 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 顔しmadeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいwereいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し- 2
The station was easy enough to find.
停車stop停車 · nouncompound with 場場station場 · nounsubject of 知れは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 場すぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 知れ知れwas found知れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知れ Buying a ticket was no trouble either.
切符ticket切符 · noundirect object of 買っもalsoも · particleparticle marking 切符訳trouble訳 · nouncompound with なくなくwithoutない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 買っ買っbought買う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 買っWhen I climbed aboard, the train turned out to be no bigger than a matchbox.
乗りboarding乗る · verbadverbial clause on the main clause込んin込む · verbadverbial clause on the main clauseでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んみるtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase でとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase でマッチmatchマッチ · nouncompound with 箱箱box箱 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 箱ようlikeよう · nounclause modifying 汽車なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう汽車train汽車 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 汽車It rattled along for about five minutes, and then, before I knew it, I had to get off already.
ごろごろrattlingごろごろ · adverbmodifies 動いとalongと · particleparticle marking ごろごろ五five五 · numeralquantifies 分分minutes分 · nounoblique complement of 動いばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 分動いmoved動く · verbclausal complement of 思った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 動いとthatと · particleparticle marking 動い思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 降りたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っもうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 降り降りget off降りる · verbmain verb of the sentenceなけれmustない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降りばifば · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase なけれならbecomeなる · verbpart of the phrase なけれないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase なけれNo wonder the ticket had been so cheap, I thought.
道理no wonder道理 · nounoblique complement of 思っでsoで · particleparticle marking 道理切符ticket切符 · nounsubject of 安いが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 切符安いwas cheap安い · adjectiveclausal complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking 安い思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っIt was only three sen.
たったonlyたった · adverbmodifies 銭三three三 · numeralquantifies 銭銭sen銭 · nounhead of the phraseでwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 銭ある(copula)ある · verbpart of the phrase でAfter that I hired a rickshaw and came to the middle school, but classes were already over and there was no one around.
それthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 傭っからafterから · particleparticle marking それ車rickshaw車 · noundirect object of 傭っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 車傭っhired傭う · verbadverbial clause on 居てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 傭っ中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 居たらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来もうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 後放課class放課 · nouncompound with 後後over後 · nounoblique complement of 居でandで · particleparticle marking 後誰anyone誰 · pronounsubject of 居もat allも · particleparticle marking 誰居was居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居A janitor told me the night duty teacher had stepped out on some errand.
宿直night duty teacher宿直 · nounsubject of 出は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 宿直ちょっとbrieflyちょっと · adverbmodifies 出用達an errand用達 · nounoblique complement of 出にonに · particleparticle marking 用達出stepped out出る · verbadverbial clause on 教えた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出とthatと · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 出小使janitor小使 · nounsubject of 教えが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 小使教えtold教える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 教えWhat a carefree man they had on night duty.
随分quite随分 · adverbmodifies 気楽気楽carefree気楽 · adjectiveclause modifying 宿直なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 気楽宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of いるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 宿直いるthere isいる · verbclause modifying ものものsuch a thingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものI thought about asking for the principal instead, but I was worn out, so I told the rickshaw man to take me to an inn.
校長principal校長 · nounoblique complement of 思っでorで · particleparticle marking 校長もevenも · particleparticle marking 校長でも here means "or something/instead" — asking the principal as a fallback.
尋ねようshall ask尋ねる · verbclausal complement of 思っかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of 尋ねようとthatと · particleparticle marking 尋ねよう思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 草臥れた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ草臥れwas worn out草臥れる · verbadverbial clause on 連れた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 草臥れからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 草臥れ車rickshaw車 · nounoblique complement of 乗っにinに · particleparticle marking 車乗っgot乗る · verbadverbial clause on 連れてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 乗っ宿屋inn宿屋 · nounoblique complement of 連れへtoへ · particleparticle marking 宿屋連れtake連れる · verbadverbial clause on 行けてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 連れ行けgo!行く · verbadverbial clause on 云いとthatと · particleparticle marking 行け車夫rickshaw man車夫 · nounoblique complement of 云いにtoに · particleparticle marking 車夫云いtold云う · verbmain verb of the sentence付けordered付ける · verbadverbial clause on 云いた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云いThe rickshaw man briskly pulled up alongside a place called the Yamashiroya.
車夫rickshaw man車夫 · nounsubject of しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 車夫威勢vigor威勢 · nouncompound with よくよくbrisklyよい · adjectiveclause modifying 山城屋山城屋Yamashiroya山城屋 · proper nounoblique complement of 云うと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 山城屋云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying うちうちplaceうち · nounoblique complement of しへtoへ · particleparticle marking うち横付けpulled up alongside横付け · verbadverbial clause on しに(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking 横付けしdidする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しI found it a little amusing that Yamashiroya was the very same name as Kantarō the pawnbroker's shop back home.
山城屋Yamashiroya山城屋 · proper nounoblique complement of 同じと(topic-quote)と · particleparticle marking 山城屋は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 山城屋質屋pawnbroker質屋 · nounmodifies 勘太郎の'sの · particleparticle marking 質屋勘太郎Kantarō勘太郎 · nounmodifies 屋号の'sの · particleparticle marking 勘太郎屋号shop name屋号 · nounoblique complement of 同じとasと · particleparticle marking 屋号同じsame同じ · adjectiveadverbial clause on 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 同じからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 同じちょっとa littleちょっと · adverbmodifies 面白く面白くamusing面白い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 思っ思っfound it思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っ- 3
For some reason they showed me to a dark room under the upstairs staircase.
何something何 · pronounadverbial clause on 案内だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かfor some reasonか · particleintroduces the clause of 何二two二 · numeralquantifies 階階upstairs階 · nounmodifies 段の'sの · particleparticle marking 階楷stair楷 · nouncompound with 段子step子 · nouncompound with 段段staircase段 · nounmodifies 下の'sの · particleparticle marking 段下under下 · nounmodifies 部屋の'sの · particleparticle marking 下暗いdark暗い · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 案内へtoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋案内showed案内 · verbmain verb of the sentenceし(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 案内た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 案内 It was so hot I couldn't stand staying in it.
熱くhot熱い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 居ってandって · particleintroduces the clause of 熱く居stay居る · verbadverbial clause on しられcouldられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居や(emphatic)や · particleparticle marking 居しdoする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しWhen I said I didn't want a room like this, they told me unfortunately every other room was taken, dumped my bags on the floor, and walked out.
こんなlike thisこんな · pronounmodifies 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounsubject of いやは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 部屋いやdon't wantいや · adjectiveclausal complement of 云っだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いやとthatと · particleparticle marking いや云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 塞がったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っあいにくunfortunatelyあいにく · adverbmodifies 塞がっみんなallみんな · adverbmodifies 塞がっ塞がっare taken塞がる · verbclausal complement of 云いて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 塞がっおりareおる · verbpart of the phrase てます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 塞がっからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 塞がっとthatと · particleparticle marking 塞がっ云いsaying云う · verbadverbial clause on 出ながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云い革鞄bags革鞄 · noundirect object of 出を(object)を · particleparticle marking 革鞄抛りtossed抛る · verbclause modifying まま出しout出す · verbclause modifying ままた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しままjust as it wasまま · nounoblique complement of 出出went out出る · verbadverbial clause on 行ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出行っwalked away行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っThere was nothing for it, so I went inside and sweated it out, putting up with it.
仕方way to help it仕方 · nounsubject of ないが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 仕方ないthere was noneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on かいからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない部屋room部屋 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particleparticle marking 部屋中inside中 · nounoblique complement of かいへintoへ · particleparticle marking 中はいwentはいる · verbadverbial clause on かいってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はい汗sweat汗 · noundirect object of かいを(object)を · particleparticle marking 汗かいsweatedかく · verbadverbial clause on 我慢てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かい我慢put up with it我慢 · verbmain verb of the sentenceし(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 我慢て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 我慢いwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 我慢Before long they told me to take a bath, so I plunged in with a splash and got straight back out again.
やがてbefore longやがて · adverbmodifies 云う湯bath湯 · nounoblique complement of 入れにintoに · particleparticle marking 湯入れget in!入る · verbclausal complement of 云うとthatと · particleparticle marking 入れ云うtold me云う · verbadverbial clause on 上がっからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うざぶりwith a splashざぶり · nounoblique complement of 飛びと(manner)と · particleparticle marking ざぶり飛びjumped飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 上がっ込んin込む · verbadverbial clause on 上がっでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んすぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 上がっ上がっgot out上がる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっOn my way back I peeked around and found plenty of cool-looking rooms standing empty.
帰りがけon the way back帰りがけ · nounoblique complement of 覗いに(time)に · particleparticle marking 帰りがけ覗いpeeked覗く · verbadverbial clause on 涼してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 覗いみるtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てとandと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 覗い涼しcool涼しい · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋そうseemingそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 涼しな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 涼し部屋rooms部屋 · nounsubject of 空いが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 部屋たくさんplentyたくさん · adverbmodifies 空い空いstand empty空く · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 空いいるareいる · verbpart of the phrase てWhat a rude fellow.
失敬rude失敬 · adjectiveclause modifying 奴な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失敬奴people奴 · nounhead of the phraseだareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 奴The fellow had lied to me.
嘘a lie嘘 · noundirect object of つきゃを(object)を · particleparticle marking 嘘つきゃtoldつく · verbmain verb of the sentenceあがっshamelesslyあがる · verbadverbial clause on つきゃあがる as a verb suffix here is a rough, contemptuous intensifier.
た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つきゃAfter that a maid brought in a tray.
それthatそれ · pronounlinks the coordinationからafterから · particlepart of the phrase それ下女a maid下女 · nounsubject of 持っが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 下女膳tray膳 · noundirect object of 持っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 膳持っcarrying持つ · verbadverbial clause on 来て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ来came来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来The room was hot, but the food was a good deal better than at my old lodgings.
部屋room部屋 · nounsubject of つかっは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 部屋熱hot熱い · adjectivecompound with つかっつかっwasつかる · verbadverbial clause on 旨かった(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つかっがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つかっ飯food飯 · nounsubject of 旨かっは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 飯下宿my old lodgings下宿 · nounoblique complement of 旨かっの'sの · particleparticle marking 下宿よりthanより · particleparticle marking 下宿もevenも · particleparticle marking 下宿大分a good deal大分 · adverbmodifies 旨かっ旨かっbetter旨い · adjectivehead of the phraseた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 旨かっWhile serving me the maid asked where I'd come from, so I told her I'd come from Tokyo.
給仕serving給仕 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 給仕しdoingする · verbadverbial clause on なりながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し下女the maid下女 · nounsubject of なりが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 下女どちらwhereどちら · pronounoblique complement of なりからfromから · particleparticle marking どちらお(honorific)お · nouncompound with いでいでcomeいでる · verbadverbial clause on なりに(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking いでなり(honorific)なる · verbclausal complement of 聞くまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なりた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なりとthatと · particleparticle marking なり聞くasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on 答えからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞く東京Tokyo東京 · proper nounoblique complement of 来からfromから · particleparticle marking 東京来came来る · verbclausal complement of 答えた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来とthatと · particleparticle marking 来答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えThen she said Tokyo must be a fine place, so I told her, 'Of course it is.'
するthenする · verbintroduces the sentence, forms すると 'then' with とと(particle)と · particleforms すると with する東京Tokyo東京 · proper nountopic of the quoted clause, predicate 所はtopicは · particletopic marker on 東京よいgoodよい · adjectivemodifies 所所place所 · nounpredicate noun with ございでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking 所 to ございございisござる · verbpolite copula, predicate of the quoted clauseましょうprobablyます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ござい, conjecturalとthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause 所でございましょう云っsaid云う · verbverb of the quoted clause, precedes からた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause, links 云っ to 答え当り前of course当り前 · nounpredicate of だ, quoted contentだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 当り前とthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause 当り前だ答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 答え to やっやっfor herやる · verbbenefactive auxiliary, part of 答えてやったた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっAfter the maid cleared the tray and went off to the kitchen, I heard a burst of loud laughter.
膳tray膳 · noundirect object of 下げをobjectを · particleparticle marking 膳下げcleared下げる · verbclause modifying 下女た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 下げ下女maid下女 · nounsubject of いっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 下女台所kitchen台所 · nounoblique complement of いっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 台所いっwentいく · verbclause modifying 時分た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いっ時分time時分 · nounoblique complement of 聞え大きなloud大きな · adjectivemodifies 笑い声笑い声laughter笑い声 · nounsubject of 聞えがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 笑い声聞えwas heard聞える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞えIt struck me as so much foolishness, so I went straight to bed, but sleep wouldn't come easily.
くだらsillyくだらない · adjective (stem)predicate of the reason clause, means 'silly'ない(adj. ending)くだらない · adjective (lexicalized ending)part of くだらない, not a separate negationからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clauseすぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 寝 (first)寝went to bed寝る · verbverb of the first clause, linked by が to the second clauseた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝 (first)がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the contrastive clauseなかなかnot easilyなかなか · adverbmodifies 寝 (second)寝sleep寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceられcanられる · auxiliary verbpotential auxiliary of 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegation of られIt wasn't just the heat.
熱いhot熱い · adjectivehead of the phraseばかりjustばかり · particlelimiting particle on 熱いでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula, part of ではないはtopicは · particlecontrast marker, part of ではないないnotない · auxiliary verbnegation, part of ではないIt was noisy.
騒々しいnoisy騒々しい · adjectivehead of the phraseAbout five times as loud as my old lodgings.
下宿lodgings下宿 · nounmodifies 倍のofの · particleparticle marking 下宿五five五 · numeralquantifies 倍倍times倍 · nounoblique complement of やかましいぐらいaboutぐらい · particleparticle marking 倍やかましいloudやかましい · adjectivehead of the phraseWhen I finally dozed off I dreamed about Kiyo.
うとうとdozed offうとうと · verbadverbial clause on 見し(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of うとうとたらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of うとうと清Kiyo清 · proper nounmodifies 夢のofの · particleparticle marking 清夢dream夢 · noundirect object of 見をobjectを · particleparticle marking 夢見dreamed見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見In the dream Kiyo was munching away on Echigo bamboo-leaf candy, leaves and all.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of 食っがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 清越後Echigo越後 · proper nounmodifies 笹飴のofの · particleparticle marking 越後笹飴bamboo-leaf candy笹飴 · noundirect object of 食っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 笹飴笹leaves笹 · nouncompound with ぐるみぐるみand allぐるみ · suffixoblique complement of 食っ, means 'leaves and all'むしゃむしゃmunchingむしゃむしゃ · adverbmodifies 食っ食っwas eating食う · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食っいる(progressive)いる · verbpart of the phrase てI told her the leaves were poison and she'd better stop, but she said, 'No, these leaves are medicine,' and kept eating as if they tasted good.
笹leaves笹 · nounsubject of 毒はtopicは · particleparticle marking 笹毒poison毒 · nounpredicate noun of だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 毒からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clauseよしstopよす · verbpredicate content, clause on よかろうたらifた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of よしよかろうhad betterよい · adjectiveclausal complement of 云うとthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 食っ (2nd)とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云ういえnoいえ · interjectionquoted reply, modifies 云っこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 笹笹leaves笹 · nounsubject of 薬がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 笹お(honorific)お · prefixhonorific prefix on 薬薬medicine薬 · nounpredicate noun of ございでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 薬ございisござる · verbpolite copula, predicate of the quoted clauseます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ございとthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause云っsaid云う · verbverb of the quote clause, precedes 旨そうに食っているてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 云っ to 食っ旨delicious旨い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 食っ (3rd)そうseeminglyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 旨, 'looks like'に-lyに · particleadverbializes 旨そう食っwas eating食う · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食っいる(progressive)いる · verbpart of the phrase てI was so dumbfounded that I threw my mouth wide open and burst out laughing, ha-ha-ha, and that's when I woke up.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of the sentenceがsubjectが · particleparticle marking おれあきれamazedあきれる · verbcompound with 返っ返っutterly返る · verbadverbial clause on 開い, intensifies あきれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返っ大きなwide大きな · adjectivemodifies 口口mouth口 · noundirect object of 開いをobjectを · particleparticle marking 口開いopened開く · verbadverbial clause on 笑ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 開いハハハハha-ha-haハハハハ · nounoblique complement of 笑っと(quote)と · particleparticle marking ハハハハ笑っlaughed笑う · verbadverbial clause on 覚めたらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of 笑っ眼eyes眼 · nounsubject of 覚めがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 眼覚めwoke覚める · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 覚めThe maid was opening the storm shutters.
下女maid下女 · nounsubject of 明けがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 下女雨戸storm shutters雨戸 · noundirect object of 明けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 雨戸明けopening明ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 明けいる(progressive)いる · verbpart of the phrase てThe weather was, as ever, the kind where the bottom of the sky seemed to have dropped clean out.
相as相 · prefixprefix forming 相変らず ('as usual') with 変ら, ず変らchanging変る · verbclause modifying 天気, part of 相変らずずwithoutず · auxiliary verbnegation of 変ら空sky空 · nounmodifies 底のofの · particleparticle marking 空底bottom底 · nounsubject of 突きがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 底突きpoked突く · verbclause modifying 天気, compound with 抜け抜けthrough抜ける · verbclause modifying 天気た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 抜けようseemよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 抜け, 'seems'なlikeだ · auxiliary verbattributive form of よう, links to 天気天気weather天気 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 天気- 4
I'd heard that when you travel you're supposed to give a tip.
道中traveling道中 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 道中しtravelする · verbadverbial clause on やるたらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of し茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of やるをobjectを · particleparticle marking 茶代やるgiveやる · verbclause modifying ものものcustomもの · nounclausal complement of 聞い, 'custom'だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものとthatと · particleparticle marking もの聞いhad heard聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いい(had been)いる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い I'd also heard that if you don't tip, you get treated shabbily.
茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of やらをobjectを · particleparticle marking 茶代やらgiveやる · verbadverbial clause on 聞いないnotない · auxiliary verbnegation of やらとifと · particleintroduces the conditional clause粗末shabbily粗末 · nounadverbial clause on 取りに-lyに · particleadverbializes 粗末取りtreat取る · verbclausal complement of 聞い, compound with 扱わ扱わhandle扱う · verbclausal complement of 聞いれるisれる · auxiliary verbpassive auxiliary of 扱わとthatと · particleparticle marking 扱わ聞いhad heard聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いい(had been)いる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いBeing shoved into a cramped, dark room like this was probably because I hadn't given a tip.
こんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 部屋狭くcramped狭い · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 狭く暗いdark暗い · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 込めるへintoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋押しpush押す · verbcompound with 込める込めるshove込める · verbclause modifying ののthe fact ofの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 押し込める clauseもalsoも · particleparticle marking の茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of やらをobjectを · particleparticle marking 茶代やらgiveやる · verbclause modifying せいないnotない · auxiliary verbnegation of やらせいreasonせい · nounhead of the phraseだろうis probablyだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to せい, conjecturalOr because I was dressed shabbily and carrying a canvas bag and a wool-satin umbrella.
見すぼらしいshabby見すぼらしい · adjectivemodifies 服装服装attire服装 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 服装しworeする · verbadverbial clause on 提げてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しズックcanvasズック · nounmodifies 革鞄のofの · particleparticle marking ズック革鞄bag革鞄 · nounconjoined with 蝙蝠傘 via と, direct object of 提げとandと · particleparticle marking 革鞄毛wool毛 · nouncompound with 繻子繻子serge繻子 · nounmodifies 蝙蝠傘のofの · particleparticle marking 繻子蝙蝠傘umbrella蝙蝠傘 · noundirect object of 提げ, conjoined with 革鞄をobjectを · particleparticle marking 蝙蝠傘提げwas carrying提げる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(progressive)てる · auxiliary verbprogressive auxiliary of 提げからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clauseだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 提げ, conjecturalCountry folk, and they still dared to look down on me.
田舎者country bumpkin田舎者 · nounattributive complement of のの'sの · particleparticle marking 田舎者の癖に is a set idiom meaning 'despite being'.
癖habit癖 · nounoblique complement of 見にdespiteに · particleparticle marking 癖人me人 · noundirect object of 見を(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 人見looked見る · verbcompound with 括っ括っunderestimated括る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 括っな(exclamation)な · particlesentence-final particle on 括っI'd give them a tip and shock the lot of them.
一番biggest一番 · adverbmodifies 茶代茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of やっを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 茶代やっgaveやる · verbadverbial clause on 驚かしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっ驚かしshock驚かす · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 驚かしやろうI'llやる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 驚かしI'd left Tokyo with about thirty yen of leftover school money tucked in my pocket, believe it or not.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 出は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking おれこれthisこれ · pronounadverbial modifier of 出 (even so)でbyで · particleparticle marking これもevenも · particleparticle marking これこれでも = 'believe it or not / even so'.
学資school money学資 · nounmodifies あまりの'sの · particleparticle marking 学資あまりleftoverあまり · noundirect object of 入れを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking あまり三十thirty三十 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of 入れほどaboutほど · particleparticle marking 円懐pocket懐 · nounoblique complement of 入れにintoに · particleparticle marking 懐入れput入れる · verbadverbial clause on 出てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入れ東京Tokyo東京 · proper noundirect object of 出をfromを · particleparticle marking 東京出left出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出来came来る · verbauxiliary marking direction, with 出た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出の(explanation)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出だ(is)だ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のSubtracting the train and steamer fares and various expenses, I still had about fourteen yen left.
汽車train汽車 · nouncoordinated with 汽船 by ととandと · particleparticle marking 汽車汽船steamer汽船 · nounmodifies 代の'sの · particleparticle marking 汽船切符ticket切符 · nouncompound with 代代fare代 · nouncoordinated with 雑費 by ととandと · particleparticle marking 代雑費expenses雑費 · noundirect object of 差し引いを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 雑費差し(prefix)差す · verbpart of compound verb with 引い差し引く 'subtract' is a fixed compound; 差し contributes little independent meaning here.
引いsubtracting引く · verbadverbial clause on あるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 引いまだstillまだ · adverbmodifies ある十四fourteen十四 · numeralcompound with 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of あるほどaboutほど · particleparticle marking 円あるremainedある · verbmain verb of the sentenceEven if I gave it all away it wouldn't matter, since I'd be getting a salary from now on.
みんなall of itみんな · adverbmodifies やっやっgave awayやる · verbconcessive clause on 構わたってeven ifたって · particleparticle marking やっこれthisこれ · pronounpart of これから (from now on)からfromから · particleparticle marking これは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking これ月給salary月給 · noundirect object of 貰うを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 月給貰うwill receive貰う · verbadverbial clause on 構わん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 貰うだ(is)だ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 貰う構わmatter構う · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 構わCountry folk are stingy, so five yen was sure to make them faint with shock.
田舎者country folk田舎者 · nounsubject of しみったれは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 田舎者しみったれstingyしみったれ · nounreason clause modifying 極っだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しみったれからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しみったれ五five五 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · noundirect object of やれもevenも · particleparticle marking 円やれgiveやる · verbadverbial clause on 驚ろいばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やれ驚ろいstartled驚く · verbadverbial clause on 極ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 驚ろい眼eyes眼 · noundirect object of 廻すを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 眼廻すspin廻す · verbclausal complement of 極っに(marks result)に · particleparticle marking 廻す極っis bound to極る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 極っいる(state)いる · verbauxiliary of 極っThinking I'd show them, I washed my face with an air of composure, went back to my room and waited, and the same maid from last night brought in my tray.
どうwhatどう · adverbmodifies するする(I'll) doする · verbclausal complement of 見ろか(question marker)か · particleparticle marking する見ろwatch見る · verbadverbial clause on 済しと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 見ろ済しputting on airs済ます · verbadverbial clause on 洗っused colloquially like 澄ます, 'to affect an air of composure'.
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済し顔face顔 · noundirect object of 洗っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 顔洗っwashed洗う · verbadverbial clause on 待ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 洗っ部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 帰っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋帰っreturned帰る · verbadverbial clause on 待ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ待っwaited待つ · verbtemporal clause modifying 来 (with と)てる(progressive)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 待っとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 待っ夕べlast night夕べ · nounmodifies 下女の'sの · particleparticle marking 夕べ下女maid下女 · nounsubject of 持っが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 下女膳tray膳 · noundirect object of 持っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 膳持っcarrying持つ · verbadverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ来came来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来While serving me from the tray she kept smirking away.
盆tray盆 · noundirect object of 持っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 盆持っholding持つ · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ給仕serving給仕 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 給仕しdoingする · verbadverbial clause on 笑っながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しやveryやに · adverbpart of adverb やに, modifies 笑っやに is an old colloquial adverb meaning 'awfully/very', split across two tokens here (や + に).
にveryやに · adverbpart of adverb やに, modifies 笑っにやにやsmirkinglyにやにや · adverbmodifies 笑っ笑っsmirking笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(progressive)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っWhat an insolent creature.
失敬insolent失敬 · adjectivemodifies 奴な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失敬奴creature奴 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 奴It wasn't as if there was some festival parading across her face.
顔face顔 · nounmodifies なかの'sの · particleparticle marking 顔なかmiddleなか · noundirect object of 通りゃをthroughを · particleparticle marking なかお(honorific)お · prefixcompound with 祭り祭りfestival祭り · nounoblique complement of 通りゃでasで · particleparticle marking 祭りもevenも · particleparticle marking 祭り通りゃpass through通る · verbmain verb of the sentenceしまいsurely won'tまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 通りゃし(emphasis)し · particlesentence-final particle on 通りゃEven mine was a good deal finer than that maid's face.
これthisこれ · pronounsubject of 上等 (with でも, even this)でwithで · particleparticle marking これもevenも · particleparticle marking これこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 下女下女maid下女 · nounmodifies 面の'sの · particleparticle marking 下女面face面 · nounstandard of comparison for 上等よりthanより · particleparticle marking 面よっぽどfar moreよっぽど · adverbmodifies 上等上等superior上等 · nounmain predicate of the sentenceだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上等I'd meant to wait until after I'd finished eating, but it got on my nerves, so partway through I pulled out a five-yen note and told her to take it to the front desk afterward, and the maid made a strange face.
飯meal飯 · noundirect object of 済ましを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 飯済ましfinishing済ます · verbadverbial clause on しようてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済ましからafterから · particleparticle marking 済ましに(purpose marker)に · particleparticle marking 済まししようdecided toする · verbclausal complement of 思っと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking しよう思っintended思う · verbadverbial clause on 障ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っい(was)いる · verbauxiliary of 思った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ癪irritation癪 · nounoblique complement of 障っに(marks target)に · particleparticle marking 癪障っgrated on me障る · verbreason clause modifying 出した(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 障っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 障っ中途partway through中途 · nounoblique complement of 出しでatで · particleparticle marking 中途五five五 · numeralcompound with 札円yen円 · nouncompound with 札札note札 · noundirect object of 出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 札一one一 · numeralquantifies 枚枚sheet枚 · nounoblique complement of 出し出しpulled out出す · verbadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しあとlaterあと · nounoblique complement of 持っでatで · particleparticle marking あとこれthisこれ · pronoundirect object of 持っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking これ帳場front desk帳場 · nounoblique complement of 持っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 帳場持っtake持つ · verbadverbial clause on 行けてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ行けgo行く · verbclausal complement of 云っと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 行け云っtold云う · verbconditional clause modifying したらwhenたら · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ下女maid下女 · nounsubject of しは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 下女変strange変 · adjectivemodifies 顔な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 変顔face顔 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 顔しmadeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しい(was)いる · verbauxiliary of した(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しAfter that I finished my meal and set straight off for the school.
それthatそれ · pronounobject of からからafterから · particlepart of the phrase それ飯meal飯 · noundirect object of 済ましをobjectを · particleparticle marking 飯済ましfinished済ます · verbadverbial clause on 出てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済ましすぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 出学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 出へtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校出went out出る · verbadverbial clause on 懸け懸けset off懸ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 懸けMy shoes hadn't been polished.
靴shoes靴 · nounsubject of 磨いはtopicは · particleparticle marking 靴磨いpolished磨く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · particleintroduces the clause of 磨いcolloquial contraction of 磨いていなかった, dropping いない to てなかった
なかっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 磨いたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 磨い- 5
I'd come to the school by rickshaw the day before, so I had a rough idea of the way.
学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 乗りはtopicは · particleparticle marking 学校昨日yesterday昨日 · nounmodifies 乗り車rickshaw車 · nounoblique complement of 乗りでbyで · particleparticle marking 車乗りrode乗る · verbadverbial clause on 分っつけarrivedつける · verbadverbial clause on 分ったpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけ大概rough大概 · adjectivemodifies 見当のofの · particleparticle marking 大概見当idea見当 · nounsubject of 分っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 見当分っknow分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分っいるhaveいる · verbpart of the phrase て After turning a couple of corners I came right out in front of the gate.
四つ角corners四つ角 · noundirect object of 曲がっをobjectを · particleparticle marking 四つ角二三two or three二三 · nouncompound with 度度times度 · nounoblique complement of 曲がっ曲がっturned曲がる · verbadverbial clause on 出たらafterた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 曲がっすぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 出門gate門 · nounmodifies 前のofの · particleparticle marking 門前front前 · nounoblique complement of 出へtoへ · particleparticle marking 前出came out出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出From the gate to the entrance the whole path was paved with granite.
門gate門 · nounoblique complement of つめからfromから · particleparticle marking 門玄関entrance玄関 · nounoblique complement of つめまでtoまで · particleparticle marking 玄関はtopicは · particleparticle marking 玄関御影granite御影 · proper nouncompound with 石石stone石 · nounoblique complement of 敷きでwithで · particleparticle marking 石敷きlaid敷く · verbcompound with つめつめpavedつめる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つめあるisある · verbpart of the phrase てYesterday, when the rickshaw had rattled and clattered over these very stones, the ridiculously loud racket put me out a little.
きのうyesterdayきのう · nounmodifies 弱っこのtheseこの · determinerdeterminer of 敷石敷石paving stones敷石 · nounmodifies 上のofの · particleparticle marking 敷石上surface上 · noundirect object of 通っをoverを · particleparticle marking 上車rickshaw車 · nounoblique complement of 通っでbyで · particleparticle marking 車がらがらclatteringがらがら · adverbmodifies 通っとwithと · particleparticle marking がらがら通っwent通る · verbclause modifying 時たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 通っ時when時 · nountopic of 弱っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 時無暗excessively無暗 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 仰山に-lyに · particleadverbializer of 無暗仰山loud仰山 · adjectiveclause modifying 音なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 仰山音sound音 · nounsubject of するがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 音するoccurringする · verbclause modifying 弱っのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of するでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase の少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 弱っ弱っwore out弱る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 弱っAlong the way I ran into a great many students in cotton twill uniforms, all of them heading in through this same gate.
途中on the way途中 · nounoblique complement of 着からfromから · particleparticle marking 途中小倉cotton twill小倉 · proper nounmodifies 制服のofの · particleparticle marking 小倉制服uniforms制服 · noundirect object of 着をobjectを · particleparticle marking 制服着wearing着る · verbclause modifying 生徒たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着生徒students生徒 · nounoblique complement of 逢っにwithに · particleparticle marking 生徒たくさんmanyたくさん · adverbmodifies 逢っ逢っmet逢う · verbadverbial clause on はいったpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 逢っみんなall of themみんな · adverboblique complement of はいっこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 門門gate門 · noundirect object of はいっをthroughを · particleparticle marking 門はいっwent inはいる · verbadverbial clause on 行くてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっ行くwere heading行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceSome of them were taller and tougher-looking than me.
中among them中 · nounoblique complement of 居るにinに · particleparticle marking 中はtopicは · particleparticle marking 中おれmeおれ · pronounstandard of comparison for 高くよりthanより · particleparticle marking おれ背height背 · nounsubject of 高くがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 背高くtaller高い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 強ってandって · particleauxiliary of 高く強tough強い · adjectivedepends on 居るそうlookingそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 強なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 強のoneの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 強がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 強居るare居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe thought that I'd be teaching fellows like that gave me an unpleasant, uneasy feeling.
あんなsuchあんな · determinerclause modifying 奴奴fellows奴 · noundirect object of 教えるをobjectを · particleparticle marking 奴教えるteaching教える · verbclausal complement of 思っのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 教えるかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of 教えるとthatと · particleparticle marking 教える思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on なったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っ何somehow何 · pronounadverbial clause on なっだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かor otherか · particleintroduces the clause of 何気味feeling気味 · nounsubject of なっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 気味悪るくunpleasant悪い · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっold spelling of 悪い (modern 悪く)
なっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっI handed over my card and was shown into the principal's office.
名刺card名刺 · noundirect object of 出しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 名刺出しhanded over出す · verbadverbial clause on 通したらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し校長principal校長 · nouncompound with 室室office室 · nounoblique complement of 通しへtoへ · particleparticle marking 室通しshowed in通す · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 通しThe principal was a dark-skinned, big-eyed man with a wispy beard, looking for all the world like a raccoon dog.
校長principal校長 · nounsubject of あるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 校長薄thin薄い · adjectivemodifies 髯髯beard髯 · nounmodifies あるのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 髯あるhavingある · verbclause modifying 男色complexion色 · nounmodifies 黒いのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 色黒いdark黒い · adjectivecompound with ある目eyes目 · nounmodifies 狸のsubjectの · particleparticle marking 目大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies 狸狸raccoon dog狸 · nounmodifies ようのofの · particleparticle marking 狸ようresemblingよう · nounclause modifying 男なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう男man男 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でHe put on tremendous airs of self-importance.
やawfullyいやに · adverbmodifies もったいcolloquial elision of いやに (excessively) to や
に-lyに · particlepart of the phrase やもったいairsもったい · nouncompound with ぶっぶっput onぶる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ぶっいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぶっHe told me, Well, apply yourself and work hard, and reverently handed me my letter of appointment stamped with a big seal.
まあwellまあ · adverbmodifies 渡し精出しwork hard精出す · verbadverbial clause on 勉強てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 精出し勉強study勉強 · verbclausal complement of 云っしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勉強てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勉強くれfor meくれる · verbpart of the phrase てとthatと · particleparticle marking 勉強云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 渡してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ恭しくreverently恭しい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 渡し大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies 印印seal印 · nounsubject of 捺っのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 印捺stamped捺る · verbclause modifying 辞令っpast捺る · verbauxiliary of 捺たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of っ辞令letter of appointment辞令 · noundirect object of 渡しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 辞令渡しhanded渡す · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 渡しWhen I later went back to Tokyo I balled this letter up and flung it into the sea.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 辞令辞令letter辞令 · nounnotional object of 込んはtopicは · particleparticle marking 辞令東京Tokyo東京 · proper nounoblique complement of 帰るへtoへ · particleparticle marking 東京帰るreturning帰る · verbclause modifying ときときwhenとき · nounoblique complement of 丸め丸めballed up丸める · verbadverbial clause on 込んてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 丸め海sea海 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleparticle marking 海中middle中 · nounoblique complement of 込んへintoへ · particleparticle marking 中抛りflung抛る · verbcompound with 込ん込んthrew in込む · verbmain verb of the sentenceでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んしまっcompletelyしまう · verbpart of the phrase でたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込んThe principal told me that he would soon introduce me to the staff, and that I was to show this letter of appointment to each of them in turn.
校長the principal校長 · nounsubject of 紹介はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 校長今soon今 · nounoblique complement of 紹介今に together is an idiom meaning 'soon, before long'.
に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 今職員the staff職員 · nounoblique complement of 紹介にtoに · particleparticle marking 職員紹介introduce紹介 · verbadverbial clause on 見せるしdoesする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 紹介てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 紹介やるas a favorやる · verbpart of the phrase てからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 紹介一々one by one一々 · nounmodifies 見せるそのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 人人person人 · nounoblique complement of 見せるにtoに · particleparticle marking 人このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 辞令辞令letter of appointment辞令 · noundirect object of 見せるをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 辞令見せるshow見せる · verbclausal complement of 云っん(nominalizer)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見せるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んとthatと · particleparticle marking 見せる云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 聞かしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ聞かしtold聞かす · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かしWhat needless trouble.
余計needless余計 · adjectiveclause modifying 手数なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 余計手数trouble手数 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 手数Rather than go through all that bother, it would be far simpler just to pin the thing up in the staff room for three days.
そんなsuchそんな · pronounmodifies 事面倒troublesome面倒 · adjectiveclause modifying 事なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 面倒事thing事 · noundirect object of するをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事するdoingする · verbadverbial clause on ましよりrather thanより · adverbintroduces the clause of するこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 辞令辞令letter of appointment辞令 · noundirect object of ましをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 辞令三three三 · numeralcompound with 室日間days日間 · nouncompound with 室職員staff職員 · nouncompound with 室室room室 · nounoblique complement of 張りへtoへ · particleparticle marking 室張りpin張る · verbclause modifying 方付けるup付ける · verbclause modifying 方方way方 · nounsubject of ましがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 方ましbetterまし · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of まし- 6
The teachers wouldn't all gather in the staff room until the bugle for the first period sounded.
教員the teachers教員 · nounsubject of 鳴らがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 教員控waiting控 · nouncompound with 所所room所 · nounoblique complement of 鳴らへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所揃うgather揃う · verbclause modifying 鳴らにin order toに · particleparticle marking 揃うはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 揃う一one一 · numeralcompound with 目時間period時間 · nouncompound with 目目-th目 · nounmodifies 喇叭のofの · particleparticle marking 目喇叭bugle喇叭 · nounsubject of 鳴らがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 喇叭鳴らsound鳴る · verbmain verb of the sentenceなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 鳴らてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase なくはtopic markerは · particlepart of the phrase てならbecomeなる · verbpart of the phrase てぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase なくなくてはならぬ together is a double-negative construction meaning 'must'.
There was still a good deal of time left.
大分quite a bit大分 · adverbmodifies ある時間time時間 · nounsubject of あるがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 時間あるthere isある · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe principal took out his watch, glanced at it, and said that although he meant to talk things over with me at leisure later, he'd first like me to grasp the general picture, and then he treated me to a long lecture on the spirit of education.
校長the principal校長 · nounsubject of 出しはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 校長時計watch時計 · noundirect object of 出しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 時計出しtook out出す · verbadverbial clause on 話すてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し見looked見る · verbpart of the phrase ててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し追々gradually追々 · nouncompound with ゆるりゆるりat leisureゆるり · nounoblique complement of 話すとmanner markerと · particleparticle marking ゆるり話すtalk over話す · verbclause modifying つもりつもりintends toつもり · nounadverbial clause on 聞かしだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to つもりがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つもりまずfirstまず · adverbmodifies 呑み大体general大体 · nounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 大体事picture事 · noundirect object of 呑みをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事呑みgrasp呑む · verbadverbial clause on 云っ込んthoroughly込む · verbclausal complement of 云っでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んおいin advanceおく · verbpart of the phrase でてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んもらおうwould like me toもらう · verbpart of the phrase てとthatと · particleparticle marking 込ん云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 聞かしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っそれthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 聞かしからthenから · particleparticle marking それ教育education教育 · nounmodifies 精神のofの · particleparticle marking 教育精神spirit精神 · nounoblique complement of 聞かしにtoに · particleparticle marking 精神ついconcerningつく · verbpart of the phrase にてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase に長いlong長い · adjectiveclause modifying 談義おhonorific prefixお · nouncompound with 談義談義lecture談義 · noundirect object of 聞かしをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 談義聞かしgave聞かす · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かしNaturally I listened to it half-heartedly, but partway through it struck me that I'd landed myself in an outrageous fix.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 聞いはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ無論of course無論 · adverbcompound with いいいいhalf-heartedいい · adjectiveclause modifying 加減いい加減に is an idiom meaning 'half-heartedly, perfunctorily'.
加減-heartedly加減 · nounoblique complement of 聞いにadverb markerに · particleparticle marking 加減聞いlistened聞く · verbadverbial clause on 思ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞い途中partway through途中 · nounoblique complement of 来からfromから · particleparticle marking 途中これthisこれ · pronounsubject of 来はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking これ飛んoutrageous飛ぶ · verbclause modifying 所飛んだ所へ来た is idiomatic for landing in an outrageous fix; 飛ぶ literally means 'to fly/jump'.
だpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 飛ん所place所 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 所来had come来る · verbclausal complement of 思ったpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来とthatと · particleparticle marking 来思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っThere was simply no way I could live up to what the principal was saying.
校長the principal校長 · nounmodifies 云うの'sの · particleparticle marking 校長云うsays云う · verbadverbial clause on 出来ようwayよう · nounmodifies 出来にin the wayに · particleparticle marking ようはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 云うとてもat allとても · adverbmodifies 出来出来can do出来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来Here he was, laying wild, unreasonable demands on a reckless character like me—be a model for the students, be looked up to as a paragon for the whole school, an educator has to shape the character of his students beyond mere scholarship or he's no educator at all.
おれmeおれ · pronounobject of comparison with み, modifies ものみresemblingみたい · verbclause modifying ものおれみたような is colloquial for おれみたいな, 'like me'.
たpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of みようmannerよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of みな(particle)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of み無鉄砲reckless無鉄砲 · adjectiveclause modifying ものなattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 無鉄砲ものfellowもの · noundirect object of つらまえをobject markerを · particleparticle marking ものつらまえgrabbedつらまえる · verbadverbial clause on なれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つらまえ生徒the students'生徒 · nounmodifies 模範の'sの · particleparticle marking 生徒模範model模範 · nounoblique complement of なれにintoに · particleparticle marking 模範なれbeなる · verbadverbial clause on 仰がのquote markerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なれ一one一 · numeralquantifies 校校school校 · nounmodifies 師表のofの · particleparticle marking 校師表paragon師表 · nounoblique complement of 仰がとasと · particleparticle marking 師表仰がlook up to仰ぐ · verbadverbial clause on なれれpassive markerれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 仰がなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 仰がてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 仰がはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 仰がいかんwon't doいかん · adverbadverbial clause on なれのquote markerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of いかん学問scholarship学問 · nouncompound with 以外以外besides以外 · nounoblique complement of 及ぼさにinに · particleparticle marking 以外個人individual個人 · nounmodifies 徳化の'sの · particleparticle marking 個人徳化moral influence徳化 · noundirect object of 及ぼさをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 徳化及ぼさexert及ぼす · verbadverbial clause on なれなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 及ぼさてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 及ぼさはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 及ぼさ教育education教育 · nouncompound with 者者-ist者 · nounoblique complement of なれにintoに · particleparticle marking 者なれbecomeなれる · verbadverbial clause on するないcannotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なれのquote markerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なれとthatと · particleparticle marking なれ無暗reckless無暗 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 法外に-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 無暗法外unreasonable法外 · adjectiveclause modifying 注文なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 法外注文demands注文 · noundirect object of するをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 注文するmakesする · verbmain verb of the sentenceWould a man that splendid really come all the way out to a country place like this for a salary of forty yen a month?
そんなsuchそんな · pronounmodifies 人えらいgreatえらい · adjectiveclause modifying 人人a person人 · nounsubject of くるがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 人月給monthly salary月給 · nouncompound with 円四十forty四十 · nouncompound with 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of くるでforで · particleparticle marking 円遥々all the way遥々 · adverbmodifies くるこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 田舎田舎countryside田舎 · nounoblique complement of くるへtoへ · particleparticle marking 田舎くるcomeくる · verbclause modifying もんもんthe typeもん · nounhead of the phraseかas if!か · particleintroduces the clause of もんもんか is a rhetorical-question idiom expressing strong doubt: 'as if that would happen!'
Most people are much the same.
人間people人間 · nounsubject of 似はtopicは · particleparticle marking 人間大概mostly大概 · adverbmodifies 似似resembled似る · verbclause modifying もんたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 似もんoneもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんI'd figured that anybody would get into a fight now and then if angry enough, but from the sound of things here, I could hardly even speak up, let alone go out for a stroll.
腹temper腹 · nounsubject of 立てがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 腹立てrises立つ · verbadverbial clause on するばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 立て喧嘩a fight喧嘩 · nounmodifies つのofの · particleparticle marking 喧嘩一one一 · numeralquantifies つつ(counter)つ · nounoblique complement of するぐらいor soぐらい · particleparticle marking つはtopicは · particleparticle marking つ誰anyone誰 · pronounoblique complement of するでbeingで · particleparticle marking 誰もevenも · particleparticle marking 誰するdoする · verbclausal complement of 思っだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of するとquoteと · particleparticle marking する思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 聞けてcontinuousてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思ったpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 様子様子situation様子 · nounoblique complement of 聞けじゃgivenじゃ · particleparticle marking 様子めったrareめった · adjectiveadverbial clause on 聞けに-lyに · particleadverbializer of めった口mouth口 · nounsubject of 聞けもevenも · particleparticle marking 口聞けspeak聞ける · verbadverbial clause on 出来ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞け散歩a stroll散歩 · nounsubject of 出来もevenも · particleparticle marking 散歩出来can出来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来If the job called for anything so difficult, they ought to have said so before hiring me.
そんなsuchそんな · pronounmodifies 役むずかしいdifficultむずかしい · adjectiveclause modifying 役役job役 · nounadverbial clause on いいならif it wereだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 役雇うhire雇う · verbclause modifying 前前before前 · nounoblique complement of 話すにatに · particleparticle marking 前これsuchこれ · pronounmodifies これこれand suchこれ · pronounadverbial clause on 話すだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to これとquoteと · particleparticle marking これ話すtell話す · verbadverbial clause on いいがthoughが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話すいいgoodいい · adjectivehead of the phraseI hate telling lies, so I decided there was nothing for it, resigned myself to having been tricked into coming, and thought I'd better just refuse outright, here and now, and go straight back home.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 嫌いはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ嘘lies嘘 · noundirect object of つくをobjectを · particleparticle marking 嘘つくtellつく · verbdepends on 嫌いのthe fact ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つくがsubjectが · particleparticle marking つく嫌いhate嫌い · nounadverbial clause on ないだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 嫌いからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 嫌い仕方a way仕方 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕方ないnoneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on だまさだまさtrickedだます · verbadverbial clause on あきらめれpassiveれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of だまさてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of だまさ来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of だまさのthe factの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of だまさだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のとquoteと · particleparticle marking だまさあきらめresigned myselfあきらめる · verbadverbial clause on よくてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あきらめ思い切りresolutely思い切り · adverbmodifies よくよくwellよい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 思っここhereここ · pronounoblique complement of 断わっでatで · particleparticle marking ここ断わっrefuse断わる · verbadverbial clause on 帰ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 断わっ帰っgo home帰る · verbcompound with ちまおうちまおうjust (do)ちまう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 帰っcolloquial contraction of てしまおう, volitional of the completive てしまう.
とquoteと · particleparticle marking ちまおう思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っHaving given the inn five yen, I had only about nine yen and some change left in my wallet.
宿屋the inn宿屋 · nounoblique complement of やっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 宿屋五five五 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of やっやっgaveやる · verbadverbial clause on ないたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっ財布wallet財布 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleparticle marking 財布中inside中 · nounoblique complement of ないにinに · particleparticle marking 中はtopicは · particleparticle marking 中九nine九 · numeralcompound with なにがし円yen円 · nouncompound with なにがしなにがしand someなにがし · nounoblique complement of ないしかonlyしか · particleparticle marking なにがしないthere isn'tない · adjectivehead of the phraseNine yen wouldn't get me all the way back to Tokyo.
九nine九 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of 帰れじゃwithじゃ · particleparticle marking 円東京Tokyo東京 · proper nounoblique complement of 帰れまでall the way toまで · particleparticle marking 東京はtopicは · particleparticle marking 東京帰れcan get back帰れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 帰れI shouldn't have given that tip after all.
茶代tip茶代 · nounoblique complement of やらなんかlike thatなんか · particleparticle marking 茶代やらgiveやる · verbadverbial clause on よかっなけれnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やらばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やらよかっwould've been goodよい · adjectivehead of the phraseたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of よかっWhat a waste that had been.
惜しいwasteful惜しい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事a thing事 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事しdidする · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しStill, even nine yen could be made to work somehow.
しかしstillしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination九nine九 · numeralcompound with 円円yen円 · nounadverbial clause on ならだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 円ってevenって · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 円どうsomehowどう · adverbmodifies ならかor otherか · particleparticle marking どうならwork outなる · verbclause modifying 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なら事a case事 · nounhead of the phraseはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事ないthere isn'tない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase 事Deciding that being short on travel money was still better than lying, I told him, 'I simply cannot do as you say, and I'll give this letter of appointment back,' and the principal blinked his raccoon-dog eyes and stared at my face.
旅費travel money旅費 · nounsubject of 足りはtopicは · particleparticle marking 旅費足りis enough足りる · verbadverbial clause on 思っなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 足りてeven ifて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 足りもevenも · particleparticle marking 足り嘘a lie嘘 · noundirect object of つくをobjectを · particleparticle marking 嘘つくtellつく · verbcompound with 足りよりましbetter thanよりまし · adjectiveclausal complement of 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よりましとquoteと · particleparticle marking よりまし思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 出来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ到底simply到底 · adverbmodifies 出来あなたyouあなた · pronounmodifies 通りの'sの · particleparticle marking あなたおっしゃるsayおっしゃる · verbcompound with 通り通りas通り · nounoblique complement of 出来にゃforにゃ · particleparticle marking 通り出来can do出来る · verbadverbial clause on 云っませpoliteます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来んnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 辞令辞令letter of appointment辞令 · nounsubject of 返しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 辞令返しgive back返す · verbclausal complement of 云っますpoliteます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返しとquoteと · particleparticle marking 返し云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 見たらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ校長principal校長 · nounsubject of 見はtopicは · particleparticle marking 校長狸raccoon dog狸 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 狸ようlikeよう · nounclause modifying 眼なasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう眼eyes眼 · noundirect object of ぱちをobjectを · particleparticle marking 眼ぱちblinkぱち · verbadverbial clause on 見つか(verb)つく · verbadverbial clause on ぱちせmadeせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つかてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つかおれIおれ · pronounmodifies 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 見をobjectを · particleparticle marking 顔見looked at見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見いcontinuousいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見After a moment he said, with a laugh, that what he'd just said was only a hope, that he knew perfectly well I couldn't live up to it, and that I needn't worry about it at all.
やがてpresentlyやがて · adverbmodifies 希望今just now今 · nounoblique complement of 希望のoneの · particleparticle marking 今はtopicは · particleparticle marking 今ただonlyただ · adverbmodifies 希望希望a hope希望 · nounadverbial clause on 心配でisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 希望あるbeある · verbpart of the phrase であなたyouあなた · pronounsubject of 通りがsubjectが · particleparticle marking あなた希望hope希望 · nouncompound with 通り通りas通り · nounoblique complement of 心配出来can do出来る · verbclause modifying のないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来のthe factの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 通りはtopicは · particleparticle marking 通りよくwellよく · adverbmodifies 知っ知っknows知る · verbadverbial clause on 心配てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知っいるcontinuousいる · verbpart of the phrase てからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知っ心配worry心配 · nounclausal complement of 云いしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配なくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配てeven ifて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 心配もevenも · particlepart of the phrase ていいis fineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てとquoteと · particleparticle marking 心配云いsaying云う · verbadverbial clause on 笑っながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云い笑っlaughed笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っIf he knew that much all along, he needn't have gone and frightened me in the first place.
そのthatその · determinermodifies くらいくらいto that extentくらい · particledegree marker, modifies 知っよくwellよく · adverbmodifies 知っ知っknow知る · verbconditional clause modifying 威嚇てるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知っならifだ · auxiliary verbconditional marker on 知っ始めbeginning始め · nounoblique complement of 威嚇からfromから · particleparticle marking 始め威嚇threaten威嚇する · verbmain verb of the sentenceさdoする · auxiliary verbnegative stem (dialectal) of 威嚇, mizenkei before なければ威嚇さなければ is the colloquial/Edokko negative of the suru-verb 威嚇する (dialectal さ standing in for standard し before ない), not a causative. There is no させる/される here; the causative reading and the 'さす' lemma are unsupported by the text.
なけれnotない · auxiliary verbnegative auxiliary of 威嚇ばifば · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase なけれいいfineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase なけれのthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 威嚇にthoughに · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 威嚇- 7
Just then, while all this was going on, the bugle sounded.
そうjust thenそう · adverbmodifies 鳴っこうthusこう · adverbmodifies するするdoする · verbclause modifying 内内while内 · nounoblique complement of 鳴っにduringに · particleparticle marking 内喇叭bugle喇叭 · nounsubject of 鳴っがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 喇叭鳴っsounded鳴る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 鳴っ Over in the classrooms it suddenly grew noisy.
教場classroom教場 · nounmodifies 方のofの · particleparticle marking 教場方area方 · nounsubject of がやがやがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 方急sudden急 · adjectiveadverbial clause on がやがやに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 急がやがやnoisyがやがや · verbmain verb of the sentenceするgrewする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of がやがやThe principal said the teachers must have gathered in the staff room by now, so I followed him in.
もうby nowもう · adverbmodifies 教員教員teachers教員 · nounsubject of 揃いもtooも · particleparticle marking 教員控staff控え · nounoblique complement of 揃い所room所 · nounoblique complement of 揃いへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所揃いgathered揃う · verbclausal complement of 云うましpoliteます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 揃いたろうprobablyだろう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 揃いとthatと · particleparticle marking 揃い云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on はいっからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う校長principal校長 · nounoblique complement of 尾いにafterに · particleparticle marking 校長尾following付く · verbadverbial clause on はいっ尾いて is Sōseki's ateji spelling (kanji 尾 chosen for the 'tail' imagery, furigana つ) for 付いて, from 付く 'to accompany/follow', not a separate word 尾く.
いfollowing付く · verbpart of the verb 尾いててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 尾い教員teachers'教員 · nouncompound with 所控staff控え · nouncompound with 所所room所 · nounoblique complement of はいっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所はいっenteredはいる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっIt was a long, wide room with desks lined up around the sides, everyone seated at them.
広いwide広い · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋細長いlong細長い · adjectiveclause modifying 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounmodifies 周囲のofの · particleparticle marking 部屋周囲sides周囲 · nounoblique complement of 並べにaroundに · particleparticle marking 周囲机desks机 · noundirect object of 並べをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 机並べlined up並べる · verbadverbial clause on かけてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 並べみんなeveryoneみんな · nounsubject of かけ腰hips腰 · noundirect object of かけ腰をかける is idiomatic for ‘to sit down’, literally ‘to hang one's hips’.
をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 腰かけseatedかける · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かけいるareいる · verbpart of the phrase てWhen they saw me come in, every one of them looked at my face, as if by prior agreement.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of はいっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking おれはいっcame inはいる · verbadverbial clause on 見たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっをobject markerを · particleparticle marking はいっ見saw見る · verbadverbial clause on 見てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見みんなeveryoneみんな · nounsubject of 見申しarranged申し合わせる · verbpart of the compound 申し合わせ, modifies 見合せtogether合わせる · verbpart of the compound 申し合わせ, modifies 見たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 合せようas ifよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 合せに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 合せおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 見をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 顔見looked at見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見I wasn't some sideshow exhibit.
見世物sideshow exhibit見世物 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 見世物あるbeある · verbpart of the phrase じゃまいnotまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見世物しafter allし · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見世物After that, just as I'd been told, I went up to each person in turn, presented my letter of appointment, and paid my respects.
それthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 申しからafterから · particleparticle marking それ申しtold申し付ける · verbadverbial clause on し付けinstructed付ける · verbclause modifying 通りられwasられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付けたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付け通りas通り · nounoblique complement of し一人一人each person一人一人 · nounmodifies 前の'sの · particleparticle marking 一人一人前front前 · nounoblique complement of 行っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 前行っwent行く · verbadverbial clause on 出してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っ辞令letter of appointment辞令 · noundirect object of 出しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 辞令出しpresented出す · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し挨拶respects挨拶 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 挨拶しpaidする · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しMost of them simply rose from their chairs and bowed a little, but the more meticulous ones took the letter I offered, glanced it over, and then handed it back to me with great ceremony.
大概most (of them)大概 · nounsubject of かがめるはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 大概椅子chair椅子 · noundirect object of 離れをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 椅子離れleft離れる · verbadverbial clause on かがめるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 離れ腰waist腰 · noundirect object of かがめる腰をかがめる, ‘to bend the waist’, means to bow slightly.
をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 腰かがめるbowedかがめる · verbmain predicate of the first clause, contrasted with 返却ばかりjustばかり · particleparticle marking かがめるでwasだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かがめるあっexistedある · verbpart of the phrase でたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かがめるがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かがめる念care念 · nounmodifies 入っのsubject markerの · particleparticle marking 念入っcareful入る · verbadverbial clause on したpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入っのonesの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入っはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 入っ差しheld out差し出す · verbclause modifying 辞令出しout出す · verbclause modifying 辞令たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し辞令letter of appointment辞令 · noundirect object of 受けをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 辞令受けreceived受ける · verbadverbial clause on し取っtook取る · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 取っ一応once over一応 · adverbmodifies し拝見a look拝見 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 拝見しgaveする · verbadverbial clause on 恭しくてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しそれitそれ · pronoundirect object of 返却をobject markerを · particleparticle marking それ恭しくrespectfully恭しい · adverbadverbial modifier of 返却返却handed back返却する · nouncombines with し as the main verbしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返却たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返却It was just like watching some cheap shrine-festival play.
まるでjust likeまるで · adverbmodifies 真似宮芝居shrine-festival play宮芝居 · nounmodifies 真似の'sの · particleparticle marking 宮芝居真似imitation真似 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 真似By the time it came round to the fifteenth person, the gym teacher, I'd done the same thing so many times over that I was starting to feel rather impatient.
十五fifteen十五 · numeralcompound with 目人person人 · nouncompound with 目目-th目 · nounoblique complement of 廻っにatに · particleparticle marking 目体操gym体操 · nounmodifies 教師の'sの · particleparticle marking 体操教師teacher教師 · nounoblique complement of 廻っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 教師とtowardと · particleparticle marking 教師廻っcame around廻る · verbclause modifying 時てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 廻っ来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 廻っ時time時 · nounoblique complement of やるにatに · particleparticle marking 時はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 時同じthe same同じ · adjectivemodifies 事事thing事 · noundirect object of やるをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事何many何 · numeralquantifies 返返times返 · nounadverbial complement of やるもoverも · particleparticle marking 返やるdoneやる · verbadverbial clause on なっのthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やるでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase の少々a little少々 · adverbmodifies じれったくじれったくimpatientじれったい · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっFor each of them it was over in one go.
向うthey向う · nounsubject of 済むはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 向う一度one time一度 · nounmodifies 済むでinで · particleparticle marking 一度済むis over済む · verbmain verb of the sentenceBut I had to repeat the same performance fifteen times over.
こっちIこっち · pronounsubject of 繰りはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking こっち同じthe same同じ · adjectivemodifies 所作所作performance所作 · noundirect object of 繰り返しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 所作十五fifteen十五 · numeralmodifies 返返times返 · nounoblique complement of 繰り繰りrepeatedly繰る · verbadverbial clause on 返し返しrepeated返す · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返しいるamいる · verbpart of the phrase てThey might at least have spared a thought for how I felt.
少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 察しはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 少しひとother personひと · nounmodifies 了見の'sの · particleparticle marking ひと了見feelings了見 · nounsubject of 察しもevenも · particleparticle marking 了見察しconsider察する · verbadverbial clause on いいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 察しみるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てがshouldが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 察しいいgoodいい · adjectivehead of the phrase- 8
Among those I greeted was the vice-principal, a man named something-or-other.
挨拶greetings挨拶 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 挨拶しdidする · verbclause modifying うちたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しうちthoseうち · nounoblique complement of 居にamongに · particleparticle marking うち教頭vice-principal教頭 · nounmodifies なにがしのnamedの · particleparticle marking 教頭なにがしso-and-soなにがし · nounoblique complement of 云うAn indefinite placeholder name, like English 'what's-his-name', used when the exact name doesn't matter.
とasと · particleparticle marking なにがし云うwas called言う · verbclause modifying ののoneの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 云う, subject of 居がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking の居was there居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居 He was said to hold a degree in literature.
これheこれ · pronounsubject of 士はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking これ文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 士士graduate士 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 士そうI hearそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 士だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 士A literature graduate meant a university man, so he must have been someone quite distinguished.
文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 士士graduate士 · nounoblique complement of 云えとasと · particleparticle marking 士云えsay言う · verbclause modifying だろうばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云え大学university大学 · nounmodifies 生の'sの · particleparticle marking 大学卒業graduation卒業 · nouncompound with 生生graduate生 · nounpredicate noun of 士だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 生からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 生えらいdistinguishedえらい · adjectiveclause modifying 人人person人 · nounhead of the phraseなisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人んoneん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 人だろうmust have beenだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んHe had an oddly gentle voice, almost like a woman's.
妙oddly妙 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出すに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙女woman女 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 女ようresemblingよう · nounclause modifying 声なlikeだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう優しいgentle優しい · adjectiveclause modifying 声声voice声 · noundirect object of 出すをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 声出すhad出す · verbclause modifying 人人man人 · nounhead of the phraseだっwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 人What surprised me most was that in this heat he was wearing a flannel shirt.
もっともmostもっとも · adverbmodifies 驚い驚いsurprised驚く · verbclause modifying のたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 驚いのthe thingの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 驚いはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 驚いこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 暑い暑いhot暑い · adjectiveoblique complement of 着のevenの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 暑いにthoughに · particleparticle marking 暑いフランネルflannelフランネル · nounmodifies 襯衣のofの · particleparticle marking フランネル襯衣shirt襯衣 · noundirect object of 着をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 襯衣着wearing着る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて-ingて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 着いるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てEven granting the fabric was on the thin side, it was bound to be hot all the same.
いくらsomewhatいくら · nounoblique complement of 極っかsomeか · particleparticle marking いくら薄いthin薄い · adjectiveclause modifying 地地fabric地 · nounoblique complement of なくっにregardingに · particleparticle marking 地はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 地相違doubt相違 · nouncompound with なくっなくっthere's noneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 極ってevenて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なくっもifも · particleparticle marking なくっ暑いhot暑い · adjectiveoblique complement of 極っにregardingに · particleparticle marking 暑いはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 暑い極っis bound to be極る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 極っFor a literature graduate, that was a needlessly troublesome getup.
文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 士士graduate士 · nounoblique complement of しだけbeingだけ · particleparticle marking 士にgiven thatに · particleparticle marking 士ごsuchご · nouncompound with 苦労Honorific ご here has an ironic/intensifying force before 苦労千万, roughly 'what a to-do'.
苦労trouble苦労 · nounclause modifying 服装千万extremely千万 · adjectiveclause modifying 服装なsoだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 千万服装getup服装 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 服装しworeする · verbclause modifying もんたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんAnd on top of that it was a red shirt, which struck me as making a fool of everyone.
しかもand moreoverしかも · conjunctionlinks the coordinationそれitそれ · pronounsubject of シャツがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking それ赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツshirtシャツ · nounpredicate noun linked by だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to シャツからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of シャツ人everyone人 · noundirect object of 馬鹿をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 人馬鹿a fool馬鹿 · nouncompound with しにintoに · particleparticle marking 馬鹿しmakingする · verbmain verb of the sentenceて-ingて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てI heard afterward that this man wore a red shirt the whole year round.
あとafterwardあと · nounoblique complement of 聞いからfromから · particleparticle marking あと聞いheard聞く · verbadverbial clause on 着るたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 男男man男 · noundepends on 着るはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 男年year年 · nounsubject of 着るがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 年年中round年中 · nouncompound with シャツ年が年中 is an idiom meaning 'the whole year round, without exception'.
赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツshirtシャツ · noundirect object of 着るをobject markerを · particleparticle marking シャツ着るwears着る · verbmain verb of the sentenceんthe factん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 着るだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んそうI hearそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着るだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着るThe man had some peculiar affliction.
妙peculiar妙 · adjectiveclause modifying 病気なkind ofだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙病気affliction病気 · nounsubject of あっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 病気あっhadある · verbclause modifying 者たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あっ者man者 · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 者By his own account, red was good for the health, and he had the shirts made specially for hygiene's sake, but that was needless worry if you asked me.
当人the man himself当人 · nounmodifies 説明の'sの · particleparticle marking 当人説明account説明 · nounoblique complement of なるでbyで · particleparticle marking 説明はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 説明赤red赤 · nounsubject of なるはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 赤身体the body身体 · nounoblique complement of なるにforに · particleparticle marking 身体薬good薬 · nounoblique complement of なるにintoに · particleparticle marking 薬なるisなる · verbadverbial clause on えるからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なる衛生hygiene衛生 · nounmodifies ための'sの · particleparticle marking 衛生ためsakeため · nounoblique complement of えるにforに · particleparticle marking ためわざわざspeciallyわざわざ · adverbmodifies える誂have誂える · verbmodifies ら誂/ら/える together spell one verb, 誂える 'to have made to order', split awkwardly by the tokenizer.
らmade誂える · verboblique complement of えるえるto order誂える · verbadverbial clause on 心配んthe factん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of えるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んそうI hearそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of えるだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of えるがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of える入らneeded入る · verbcompound with ざるざるnotず · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入ら心配worry心配 · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配If that were really so, he might as well have his kimono and his hakama made red too, while he was at it.
そんthatそれ · pronounadverbial clause on すれそんなら is a colloquial contraction of それなら, 'if that's so'.
ならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to そんついでwhile at itついで · nounoblique complement of すれにatに · particleparticle marking ついで着物kimono着物 · nounsubject of すれもalsoも · particleparticle marking 着物袴hakama袴 · nounsubject of すれもalsoも · particleparticle marking 袴赤red赤 · nounoblique complement of すれにintoに · particleparticle marking 赤すれmakeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of すれいいwould be fineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ばThen there was the English teacher, a man named Koga or something, with a terribly poor complexion.
それthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 居からthenから · particlepart of the phrase それ英語English英語 · nounmodifies 教師の'sの · particleparticle marking 英語教師teacher教師 · nounoblique complement of 居にasに · particleparticle marking 教師古賀Koga古賀 · proper nounoblique complement of 云うとasと · particleparticle marking 古賀かor somethingか · particleparticle marking 古賀云うcalled言う · verbclause modifying 男大変terribly大変 · adverbmodifies 顔色顔色complexion顔色 · nounmodifies 悪るいのsubject markerの · particleparticle marking 顔色悪るいpoor悪い · adjectiveclause modifying 男悪るい is an old okurigana spelling; modern standard spelling is 悪い.
男man男 · nounsubject of 居がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 男居was there居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居Most people with pale faces are thin, but this man was pale and puffy.
大概most大概 · adverbmodifies 蒼い顔face顔 · nounmodifies 蒼いのsubject markerの · particleparticle marking 顔蒼いpale蒼い · adjectiveclause modifying 人人people人 · nounsubject of 瘠せはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 人瘠せare thin瘠せる · verbclause modifying もんてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 瘠せもんgenerally the caseもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of もんこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 男男man男 · nounsubject of 蒼くはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 男蒼くpale蒼い · adjectiveadverbial clause on ふくれふくれpuffyふくれる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ふくれいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てBack when I was in primary school there was a classmate named Tami Asai, and Asai's father had that very same complexion.
昔long ago昔 · nounmodifies 時分小primary小 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 行くへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校行くused to go行く · verbclause modifying 時分時分time時分 · nounoblique complement of あっ浅井Asai浅井 · proper nounmodifies 民の'sの · particleparticle marking 浅井民Tami民 · nouncompound with さんさんhonorificさん · nouncompound with 民とquoteと · particleparticle marking さん云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 子子child子 · nounsubject of あっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 子同級same class同級 · nouncompound with 生生student生 · nounoblique complement of あっにasに · particleparticle marking 生あっwasある · verbpredicate of 子たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あっがandが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 浅井浅井Asai浅井 · proper nounmodifies おやじの'sの · particleparticle marking 浅井おやじfatherおやじ · nounsubject of 色つやがsubjectが · particleparticle marking おやじやはりjust the sameやはり · adverbmodifies 色つやこんなthis kind ofこんな · pronounmodifies 色つや色つやcomplexion色つや · nounhead of the phraseだっwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 色つやたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 色つやAsai's father was a farmer, so I once asked Kiyo whether becoming a farmer made your face turn out like that, and she told me it wasn't that at all—that man got pale and puffy because all he ate were runty, stunted pumpkins.
浅井Asai浅井 · proper nounsubject of 百姓はtopicは · particleparticle marking 浅井百姓farmer百姓 · nounpredicate complement of だだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 百姓からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 百姓百姓farmer百姓 · nounoblique complement of なるにintoに · particleparticle marking 百姓なるbecomesなる · verbconditional clause on the second なるとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なるあんなthat kind ofあんな · pronounmodifies 顔顔face顔 · nounoblique complement of なるにintoに · particleparticle marking 顔なるbecomesなる · verbclausal complement of 聞いかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of なるとquoteと · particleparticle marking なる清Kiyo清 · proper nounoblique complement of 聞いにtoに · particleparticle marking 清聞いasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on 教えてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いそうsoそう · adverbcomplement of じゃじゃisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そうありisある · verbpart of the phrase じゃませpoliteます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そうんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そうあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 人人man人 · nounsubject of 食べるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 人うらなりstuntedうらなり · nounmodifies 唐茄子うらなり literally names a pale, undersized fruit left on the far end of the vine — used here as a nickname for the sallow teacher.
のofの · particleparticle marking うらなり唐茄子pumpkin唐茄子 · noundirect object of 食べるばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking 唐茄子食べるeats食べる · verbadverbial clause on ふくれるからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食べる蒼くpale蒼い · adjectiveclause modifying ふくれるふくれるswells upふくれる · verbadverbial clause on 教えんexplainsん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ふくれるですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んとquoteと · particleparticle marking ふくれる教えtold教える · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 教えくれfor meくれる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 教えEver since then, whenever I see someone pale and puffy, I'm sure it's the wages of eating nothing but stunted pumpkins.
それthatそれ · pronounmodifies 以来以来since以来 · nounoblique complement of 見れ蒼くpale蒼い · adjectiveclause modifying 人ふくれpuffyふくれる · verbclause modifying 人たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ふくれ人person人 · noundirect object of 見れをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人見れsee見る · verbconditional clause on 思うばwheneverば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見れ必ずsurely必ず · adverbmodifies 思ううらなりstuntedうらなり · nounmodifies 唐茄子のofの · particleparticle marking うらなり唐茄子pumpkin唐茄子 · noundirect object of 食っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 唐茄子食っate食う · verbclause modifying 酬いたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食っ酬いwages酬い · nounclausal complement of 思う酬い (also written 報い) is the payback or comeuppance one earns for one's own doing.
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 酬いとquoteと · particleparticle marking 酬い思うthink思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceThis English teacher, too, must have been eating nothing but stunted pumpkins.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 英語英語English英語 · nounmodifies 教師のofの · particleparticle marking 英語教師teacher教師 · nounsubject of 食っもalsoも · particleparticle marking 教師うらなりstunted pumpkinsうらなり · noundirect object of 食っばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking うらなり食っeating食う · verbclausal complement of 違いてるhas beenいる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食っに(particle)に · particleparticle marking 食っ違いdoubt違い · nouncompound with ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseに違いない is a fixed idiom, "there's no doubt that / must be."
Mind you, to this day I still don't know what 'uranari' means.
もっともmind youもっとも · adverblinks the coordinationうらなりstunted pumpkinうらなり · nountopic marked by とはとquoteと · particleparticle marking うらなりはtopicは · particleparticle marking うらなり何what何 · pronounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 何事thing事 · nounoblique complement of 知らかwhetherか · particleparticle marking 事今now今 · adverbadverbial clause on 知らもっstillもつ · verbpart of the phrase 今今もって is a fixed phrase, "even now / to this day."
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 今知らknow知る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らI did once ask Kiyo about it, but she just laughed and never gave me an answer.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounoblique complement of 聞いにtoに · particleparticle marking 清聞いasked聞く · verbclause modifying 事てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い事thing事 · nounsubject of あるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事あるthere isある · verbmain verb of the first clauseがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 事清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of 答えはtopicは · particleparticle marking 清笑っlaughed笑う · verbadverbial clause on 答えてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 笑っ答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceなかっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えI suppose Kiyo didn't know either.
大方probably大方 · adverbadverbial clause on 知ら清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of 知らもalsoも · particleparticle marking 清知らknow知る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らんexplainsん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知らだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んThen there was a mathematics teacher, the same subject as me, by the name of Hotta.
それthatそれ · pronouncompound with からからthenから · particlepart of the phrase それおれmeおれ · pronouncompared to by 同じとasと · particleparticle marking おれ同じsame同じ · adjectivemodifies 数学数学mathematics数学 · nounmodifies 教師のofの · particleparticle marking 数学教師teacher教師 · nounoblique complement of 居にasに · particleparticle marking 教師堀田Hotta堀田 · proper nounoblique complement of 居とquoteと · particleparticle marking 堀田いうcalledいう · verbpart of the phrase とのoneの · particleintroduces the clause of いうがsubjectが · particleparticle marking いう居was居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居He was a burly fellow with a close-cropped chestnut-bur head, and a face you'd have to call the face of some rogue monk off Mount Hiei.
これheこれ · pronounsubject of 坊主はtopicは · particleparticle marking これ逞しいsturdy逞しい · adjectiveclause modifying 坊主毬栗chestnut-bur毬栗 · nouncompound with 坊主坊主fellow坊主 · nouncomplement of ででandで · particlecopula linking to 坊主叡山Mount Hiei叡山 · proper nounmodifies 悪僧のofの · particleparticle marking 叡山悪僧wicked monk悪僧 · nounoblique complement of 云うとquoteと · particleparticle marking 悪僧云うcall云う · verbclause modifying 構べきshouldべし · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云う面face面 · nouncompound with 構構features構 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 構あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でWhen I politely showed him my letter of appointment he didn't even glance at it, just said, 'Ah, so you're the new fellow, eh? Come round and visit sometime,' and let out a big ha-ha-ha.
人I人 · nounsubject of 見せがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 人叮寧politely叮寧 · nounoblique complement of 見せにmannerに · particleparticle marking 叮寧辞令appointment letter辞令 · noundirect object of 見せをobjectを · particleparticle marking 辞令見せshowed見せる · verbconditional clause on 見向きたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見せ見向きlooking見向き · nounsubject of せもevenも · particleparticle marking 見向きせdidする · verbadverbial clause on 云っずwithoutず · auxiliary verbauxiliary of せやあheyやあ · interjectionintroduces the quotation君you君 · nounsubject of 人がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 君新任newly appointed新任 · nounmodifies 人のofの · particleparticle marking 新任人person人 · nounpredicate complement of かかquestionか · particleparticle marking 人ちとa bitちと · adverbmodifies 来遊びvisit遊ぶ · verbpurpose complement of 来にpurposeに · particleparticle marking 遊び来come来る · verbadverbial clause on 云っ給えplease給う · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来給え is the honorific imperative suffix — a brusque, familiar "do (it)!"
アハハハha-ha-haアハハハ · nounoblique complement of 云っとquoteと · particleparticle marking アハハハ云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っHa-ha-ha, my foot.
何what何 · pronounsubject of アハハハがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 何アハハハha-ha-haアハハハ · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to アハハハWho on earth would go visit a fellow with no idea of manners like that?
そんなsuchそんな · pronounmodifies 礼儀礼儀manners礼儀 · noundirect object of 心得をobjectを · particleparticle marking 礼儀心得know心得る · verbclause modifying 奴ぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心得奴fellow奴 · nounmodifies 所の'sの · particleparticle marking 奴所place所 · nounoblique complement of 行くへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所誰who誰 · pronounsubject of 行くがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 誰遊びvisit遊ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 行くにtoに · particleparticle marking 遊び行くgo行く · verbclause modifying ものものsuch a thingもの · nounhead of the phraseもの...か is a rhetorical pattern meaning 'as if anyone would!'
か?か · particleparticle marking ものFrom that moment on I gave this monk-faced fellow the nickname Porcupine.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of やっはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 時時time時 · nounoblique complement of つけからfromから · particleparticle marking 時このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 坊主坊主monk-faced fellow坊主 · nounoblique complement of つけにtoに · particleparticle marking 坊主山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounmodifies 渾名とquoteと · particleparticle marking 山嵐いうcalledいう · verbpart of the phrase と渾名nickname渾名 · noundirect object of つけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 渾名つけgaveつける · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけやっfor himやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceやる after a te-form adds a benefactive nuance: did it for someone.
た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっThe Chinese classics teacher, at least, was properly stiff and formal.
漢学Chinese classics漢学 · nounmodifies 先生の'sの · particleparticle marking 漢学先生teacher先生 · nounsubject of ものはtopicは · particleparticle marking 先生さすがsure enoughさすが · adverbmodifies 堅いに-lyに · particleparticle marking さすが堅いstiff and formal堅い · adjectiveclause modifying ものものkindもの · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もの'You arrived only yesterday, you must be quite worn out, and yet you're already starting your classes, most commendably diligent of you—' he rattled on and on without a break; he was a charming old man.
昨日yesterday昨日 · adverbmodifies 着きお(honorific)お · nouncompound with 着きお/ご is an honorific prefix with no independent meaning of its own.
着きarrived着く · verbadverbial clause on 疲れでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 着きさぞsurelyさぞ · adverbcompound with 疲れお(honorific)お · nouncompound with 疲れ疲れtired疲れ · nounclause modifying さんでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 疲れそれsoそれ · pronounlinks the coordinationで(particle)で · particlepart of the phrase それもうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 始め授業classes授業 · noundirect object of 始めをobjectを · particleparticle marking 授業お(honorific)お · nouncompound with 始め始めstarting始め · nouncompound with 疲れでandで · particlecopula linking to 始め大分quite大分 · adverbcompound with 励精ご(honorific)ご · nouncompound with 励精励精diligent励精 · nounadverbial clause on 弁じでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 励精とquoteと · particleparticle marking ―のwithoutのべつ · particleparticle marking ―のべつに is really one adverb, 'without a break'; the parser split it into の, べつ, and に.
べつbreakのべつ · nounoblique complement of 弁じに(particle)に · particleparticle marking べつ弁じchattered弁ずる · verbdepends on さんた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 弁じのoneの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 弁じはtopicは · particleparticle marking 弁じ愛嬌charm愛嬌 · nounmodifies あるのwithの · particleparticle marking 愛嬌あるhavingある · verbclause modifying さんお(honorific)お · nouncompound with さん爺old man爺 · nouncompound with さんさん(honorific)さん · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to さんThe drawing teacher looked exactly like some sort of performer.
画学drawing画学 · nounmodifies 教師の'sの · particleparticle marking 画学教師teacher教師 · nounsubject of 芸人はtopicは · particleparticle marking 教師全くexactly全く · adverbmodifies 芸人芸人performer芸人 · nounhead of the phrase風sort of風 · nounintroduces the clause of 芸人だwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 芸人Wearing a flimsy, gauzy silk haori, snapping his fan open and shut, he asked, 'Where might you be from, eh?'
べらべらflimsyべらべら · adjectival nounclause modifying 羽織しwasする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of べらべらた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of べらべら透綾gauze silk透綾 · nounmodifies 羽織の'sの · particleparticle marking 透綾羽織haori羽織 · noundirect object of 着をobjectを · particleparticle marking 羽織着wearing着る · verbadverbial clause on げすてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 着扇子fan扇子 · noundirect object of げすをobjectを · particleparticle marking 扇子ぱちsnapぱち · adverbadverbial clause on げすつかclickつく · verbadverbial clause on ぱちせmakingせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つかてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つかお(honorific)お · nouncompound with 国国home国 · nounsubject of げすはtopicは · particleparticle marking 国どちらwhereどちら · pronounoblique complement of げすで(particle)だ · auxiliary verbparticle marking どちらげすisげす · auxiliary verbmain verb of the sentenceげす is old Edo merchant-class slang for です.
えehえ · interjectioncompound with げす'Tokyo?'
東京Tokyo東京 · proper nouncompound with ?'Well, isn't that delightful, another one of us come along... I happen to be an Edokko myself, you know,' he said.
そりゃthatそれは · pronounlinks the coordinationそりゃ contracts それは, 'that (topic)'.
嬉しいdelightful嬉しい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出来お(honorific)お · nouncompound with 仲間仲間companion仲間 · nounsubject of 出来がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仲間出来come along出来る · verbadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出来私I私 · pronounsubject of 云っもalsoも · particleparticle marking 私これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 云っでbyで · particleparticle marking これ江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounadverbial clause on 云っですamです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to っ子とquoteと · particleparticle marking っ子云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っIf that was what an Edokko was, I thought to myself, I'd rather not have been born in Edo at all.
こんなthis sortこんな · pronounsubject of 考えのoneの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of こんながsubjectが · particleparticle marking こんな江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounadverbial clause on ないならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to っ子江戸Edo江戸 · proper nounoblique complement of ないにinに · particleparticle marking 江戸はtopicは · particleparticle marking 江戸生れborn生れる · verbadverbial clause on ないたくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 生れないnotない · adjectiveclause modifying もんもんthingもん · nounadverbial clause on 考えだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんとquoteと · particleparticle marking もん心中inwardly心中 · nounoblique complement of 考えに(particle)に · particleparticle marking 心中心中に as a whole means 'inwardly, to myself.'
考えthought考える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 考えBeyond that, I could go on writing this sort of thing about every last one of them without end.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of ほかほかotherほか · nounoblique complement of 書け一人一人each one一人一人 · nounoblique complement of 書けに(particle)に · particleparticle marking 一人一人について is a fixed phrase meaning 'about/regarding', split here into に + つい + て.
ついaboutつく · verbpart of the phrase にて(particle)て · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase にこんなthis sort ofこんな · pronounmodifies 事事thing事 · noundirect object of 書けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事書けwrite書く · verbclause modifying いくらばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 書けいくらany amountいくら · nounhead of the phraseで(particle)で · particlecopula linking to いくらもevenも · particlepart of the phrase であるthere isある · verbpart of the phrase でBut since there's no end to it, I'll stop here.
しかしbutしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination際限limit際限 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 際限ないisn'tない · adjectiveadverbial clause on やめるからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ないやめるstopやめる · verbmain verb of the sentence- 9
Once the round of greetings was finished, the principal said I could go for the day, though I should first arrange the details of my teaching with the head of the mathematics department, and start my classes the day after tomorrow.
挨拶greetings挨拶 · nounsubject of 済んがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 挨拶一通りround一通り · adverbmodifies 済ん済んfinished済む · verbadverbial clause on しだらonceだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 済ん校長principal校長 · nounsubject of しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 校長今日today今日 · nounoblique complement of しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 今日もうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 引き引きleave引く · verbadverbial clause on し取っ(particle)取る · verbadverbial clause on し引き取る is one compound verb, 'to withdraw/take one's leave.'
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 取っもevenも · particlepart of the phrase ていいmayいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てもっともthoughもっとも · adverbmodifies し授業class授業 · nouncompound with 上上regarding上 · nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking 上事matter事 · nounsubject of しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事数学math数学 · nounmodifies 主任の'sの · particleparticle marking 数学主任head主任 · nounmodifies 打ち合せとwithと · particleparticle marking 主任打ち合せarrangement打ち合せ · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 打ち合せしdoする · verbadverbial clause on 始めてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しおいin advanceおく · verbpart of the phrase ててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し明後日day after tomorrow明後日 · adverboblique complement of 始めからfromから · particleparticle marking 明後日課業classes課業 · noundirect object of 始めをobjectを · particleparticle marking 課業始めstart始める · verbclausal complement of 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 始めくれpleaseくれる · verbpart of the phrase てとquoteと · particleparticle marking 始め云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ I asked who the head of mathematics was, and it turned out to be none other than that Porcupine.
数学mathematics数学 · nounmodifies 主任のofの · particleparticle marking 数学主任department head主任 · nounsubject of the embedded question (誰)はtopicは · particleparticle marking 主任誰who誰 · pronounpredicate complement of 主任かquestionか · particleparticle marking 誰 (embedded question)とthatと · particlequotative particle introducing the clause of 聞い聞いasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on あってandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 聞い and みみtriedみる · verbauxiliary of 聞い (tried doing)たらwhenたら · auxiliary verb, conditionalconditional marking 聞い (when...)例that usual例 · nounmodifies 山嵐例の here means "that famous/usual" — a familiar nickname being invoked.
のofの · particleparticle marking 例山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · proper nounhead of the phraseでwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 山嵐あっwasある · verbpart of the phrase でた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あっHow infuriating—so I was going to be working under this fellow—oh, brother—and I sank into disappointment.
忌々しいhow infuriating忌々しい · adjectiveexclamatory adverbial clause on 失望こいつthis fellowこいつ · nounmodifies 下の'sの · particleparticle marking こいつ下under下 · nounoblique complement of 働くにinに · particleparticle marking 下働くwork働く · verbadverbial clause on 失望の(that)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 働くかsoか · particleintroduces the clause of 働くおohおやおや · interjectioncompound with やおややおやdearおやおや · interjectionoblique complement of 失望The tagger split the reduplicated interjection おやおや ("oh dear, oh dear") into お + やおや; both pieces together mean that one exclamation.
とandと · particleparticle marking やおや失望despaired失望 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失望た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失望Porcupine said, 'Hey, where are you staying? The Yamashiroya, is it? Right, I'll come round later and we'll talk it over,' and left, chalk in hand, off to the classroom.
山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · proper nounsubject of 云いはtopicは · particleparticle marking 山嵐おいheyおい · interjectioninterjection introducing the quote君you君 · pronounsubject of 宿っどこwhereどこ · pronounoblique complement of 宿っにatに · particleparticle marking どこ宿っstaying宿る · verbmain verb of the embedded questionてるareてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 宿っかquestionか · particleintroduces the clause of 宿っ山城屋the Yamashiroya山城屋 · proper nounpredicate of the mini-question (is it...)かquestionか · particleparticle marking 山城屋うんrightうん · interjectioninterjection, affirmation今soon今 · nounoblique complement of 行っ今に ("soon, before long") is a set phrase; に doesn't mark literal time-at here.
にatに · particleparticle marking 今行っcome行く · verbadverbial clause on 相談てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っ相談talk over相談 · verbmain verb of the quoted sentenceするwillする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 相談とthatと · particlequotative particle marking the end of the quote, introduces 云い云いsaid云う · verbmain verbal compound with 残し残しleaving残す · verbadverbial clause on 持ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 残し白墨chalk白墨 · noundirect object of 持っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 白墨持っcarrying持つ · verbadverbial clause on 出てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ教場classroom教場 · nounoblique complement of 出へtoへ · particleparticle marking 教場出went out出る · verbadverbial clause on 行ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出行っwent行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っFor a department head to come round to me instead of the other way about—what a fellow with no sense of propriety.
主任department head主任 · nounmodifies 癖のofの · particleparticle marking 主任癖habit癖 · nounoblique complement of 相談の癖に is a set idiom meaning "despite being (only)" — mildly scornful.
にdespiteに · particleparticle marking 癖向うover there向こう · nounoblique complement of 来からfromから · particleparticle marking 向う来come来る · verbadverbial clause on 相談てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来相談discuss相談 · verbclause modifying 見識するtoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 相談なんてthe idea ofなんて · particleintroduces the clause of 相談不lacking不 · nouncompound with 見識見識propriety見識 · nounclause modifying 男なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 見識男fellow男 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男Still, that was more admirable than summoning me to him.
しかしstillしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination呼びsummoning呼ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 感心付ける(particle)付ける · verboblique complement of 感心よりthanより · particleparticle marking 付けるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 付ける感心admirable感心 · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 感心- 10
After that I went out through the school gate meaning to head straight back to the inn, but there was nothing to do there anyway, so I decided to take a bit of a walk through the town, and wandered off wherever my feet happened to take me.
それthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 出からthenから · particlepart of the phrase それ学校school学校 · nounmodifies 門のofの · particleparticle marking 学校門gate門 · noundirect object of 出をobjectを · particleparticle marking 門出went out出る · verbadverbial clause on 帰ろうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出すぐstraightすぐ · adverbmodifies 帰ろう宿the inn宿 · nounoblique complement of 帰ろうへtoへ · particleparticle marking 宿帰ろうreturn帰る · verbclausal complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking 帰ろう思っintending思う · verbadverbial clause on やろうた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ帰っgo back帰る · verbadverbial clause on ないたってeven ifたって · particleintroduces the clause of 帰っ仕方any use仕方 · nounsubject of ない仕方がない is a set idiom, "it can't be helped, no point."
がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕方ないnoneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on やろうからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない少しa bit少し · adverbmodifies 散歩町the town町 · noundirect object of 散歩をobjectを · particleparticle marking 町散歩walk散歩 · verbadverbial clause on やろうしtakeする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 散歩てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 散歩やろうdecided toやる · verbclausal complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking やろう思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 散らしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ無暗aimlessly無闇 · adjectiveadverbial clause on あるき無暗 is an old kanji spelling of the standard 無闇 ("recklessly, at random").
にinに · particleadverbializes 無暗足feet足 · nounmodifies 向くの'sの · particleparticle marking 足向くpointed向く · verbclause modifying 方方direction方 · noundirect object of あるきをobjectを · particleparticle marking 方あるきwalkedあるく · verbclause modifying 散らし散らしaround散らす · verbhead of the phraseた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 散らし I saw the prefectural office.
県庁the prefectural office県庁 · nounsubject of 見もtooも · particleparticle marking 県庁見saw見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見It was an old building from the century before.
古いold古い · adjectiveclause modifying 建築前previous前 · nouncompound with 世紀世紀century世紀 · nounmodifies 建築のofの · particleparticle marking 世紀建築building建築 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 建築あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でI saw the army barracks too.
兵営the barracks兵営 · nounsubject of 見もtooも · particleparticle marking 兵営見saw見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見Not as fine as the regiment barracks at Azabu.
麻布Azabu麻布 · proper nounmodifies 聯隊のofの · particleparticle marking 麻布聯隊regiment聯隊 · nounoblique complement of 立派よりthanより · particleparticle marking 聯隊立派fine立派 · adjectivehead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立派ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase でI saw the main street as well.
大通りthe main street大通り · nounsubject of 見もtooも · particleparticle marking 大通り見saw見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見It was about half the width of Kagurazaka, and the row of shops was shabbier than that too.
神楽坂Kagurazaka神楽坂 · proper noundirect object of 狭くをobjectを · particleparticle marking 神楽坂半分half半分 · nounoblique complement of 狭くにtoに · particleparticle marking 半分狭くnarrowed狭い · verbclause modifying 道幅しmadeする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狭くた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狭くぐらいaboutぐらい · particleintroduces the clause of 狭くなofだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狭く道幅road width道幅 · nounoblique complement of 落ちるでandで · particleparticle marking 道幅町並the row of shops町並 · nounsubject of 落ちるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 町並あれthatあれ · pronounoblique complement of 落ちるよりthanより · particleparticle marking あれ落ちるwas shabbier落ちる · verbmain verb of the sentenceSo this was a castle town of two hundred fifty thousand koku—it wasn't worth much after all.
二十五万two hundred fifty thousand二十五万 · numeralcompound with 石石koku石 · nounmodifies 城下のofの · particleparticle marking 石城下castle town城下 · nounadverbial clause on 知れだbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 城下ってevenって · auxiliary verbintroduces the clause of 城下高worth高 · nounmodifies 知れ高が知れる is a set idiom: "amounts to little, is nothing much."
の'sの · particleparticle marking 高知れknown知れる · verbclause modifying ものた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知れものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものI found myself thinking it was rather pitiful, people living in a place like this and putting on airs about being from 'the castle town,' and before I knew it I'd come out in front of the Yamashiroya.
こんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies 所所a place所 · nounoblique complement of 住んにinに · particleparticle marking 所住んliving住む · verbadverbial clause on 威張っでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 住んごesteemedご · nouncompound with 城下城下castle town城下 · nounadverbial clause on 威張っだbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 城下などsuch thingsなど · particleintroduces the clause of 城下とthatと · particleparticle marking 城下威張っboasting威張る · verbclause modifying 人間てるareてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 威張っ人間people人間 · nounsubject of 可哀想はtopicは · particleparticle marking 人間可哀想pitiful可哀想 · adjectiveclause modifying ものなareだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 可哀想ものthingもの · nounclausal complement of 考えだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものとthatと · particleparticle marking もの考えthinking考える · verbadverbial clause on くるながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えくるcoming alongくる · verbadverbial clause on 出とasと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of くるいつbefore I knew itいつ · pronounoblique complement of 出いつしか is a set idiom, "before one knows it, unnoticed."
し(particle)し · particleparticle marking いつか(particle)か · particleparticle marking いつ山城屋the Yamashiroya山城屋 · proper nounmodifies 前のofの · particleparticle marking 山城屋前the front前 · nounoblique complement of 出にatに · particleparticle marking 前出came out出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出The place had seemed spacious enough, yet it turned out to be small after all.
広いspacious広い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 狭いようseemsよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 広いで(and)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 広いもeven soも · particleparticle marking 広い狭いsmall狭い · adjectiveclause modifying ものものthe factもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものI supposed I'd more or less seen everything there was to see by now.
これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 見でbyで · particleparticle marking これ大抵more or less大抵 · adverbmodifies 見はtopicは · particleparticle marking 大抵見seen見る · verbmain verb of the sentence尽しcompletely尽くす · verbadverbial clause on 見た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 尽しの(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 尽しだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のThinking I'd head back and get some dinner, I stepped in through the entrance.
帰っheading back帰る · verbadverbial clause on 食おうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ飯dinner飯 · nounoblique complement of 食おうで(particle)で · particleparticle marking 飯もor somethingも · particleparticle marking 飯食おうI'll eat食う · verbadverbial clause on はいっとthinkingと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食おう門口entrance門口 · noundirect object of はいっを(object)を · particleparticle marking 門口はいっstepped inはいる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっThe landlady, who'd been sitting at the front desk, saw my face and suddenly rushed out, said 'Welcome back,' and pressed her forehead right to the wooden floor.
帳場front desk帳場 · nounoblique complement of 坐っにatに · particleparticle marking 帳場坐っsitting坐る · verbclause modifying さんて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 坐っいhad beenいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 坐っかみlandladyかみ · nouncompound with さんさん(polite title)さん · nounsubject of つけがsubjectが · particleparticle marking さんおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 見るを(object)を · particleparticle marking 顔見るsaw見る · verbadverbial clause on 飛びとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見る急suddenly急 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 飛びに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 急飛びrushed飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on つけ出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on つけてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しきcameくる · verbpart of the phrase ててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しお(honorific)お · nouncompound with 帰り帰りwelcome back帰り · nouncompound with おと(quote)と · particleparticle marking お帰り板の間wooden floor板の間 · nounoblique complement of つけへtoへ · particleparticle marking 板の間頭forehead頭 · noundirect object of つけを(object)を · particleparticle marking 頭つけpressedつける · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけI took off my shoes and stepped up, and the maid told me a room had come free, and showed me upstairs.
靴shoes靴 · noundirect object of 脱いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 靴脱いtook off脱ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 上がるでandで · particleparticle marking 脱い上がるstepped up上がる · verbadverbial clause on あきとandと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がるお(honorific)お · nouncompound with 座敷座敷room座敷 · nounsubject of あきがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 座敷あきcome freeあく · verbadverbial clause on しまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あきた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あきからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あきと(quote)と · particleparticle marking あき下女maid下女 · nounsubject of しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 下女二second二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounoblique complement of しへtoへ · particleparticle marking 階案内guiding案内 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 案内しdidする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しIt was a fifteen-mat room facing the street on the second floor, with a large alcove.
十五fifteen十五 · numeralmodifies 畳畳mat畳 · nounmodifies 階の'sの · particleparticle marking 畳表street-facing表 · nouncompound with 階二second二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounoblique complement of ついでbeingだ · auxiliary verbparticle marking 階大きなlarge大きな · adjectivemodifies 床の間床の間alcove床の間 · nounsubject of ついがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 床の間ついattachedつく · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ついいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てI had never in my life set foot in such a splendid room.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of はいっはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ生れborn生まれる · verbadverbial clause on はいって(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 生れからsinceから · particleparticle marking 生れまだnever yetまだ · adverbmodifies はいっこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 座敷立派splendid立派 · adjectiveclause modifying 座敷な(adj. marker)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立派座敷room座敷 · nounoblique complement of はいっへintoへ · particleparticle marking 座敷はいっset footはいる · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっ事occasion事 · nounhead of the phraseはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事ないthere was notない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase 事Since there was no telling when I might get to be in one again, I took off my Western clothes, changed into nothing but a yukata, and lay down spread-eagled right in the middle of the room.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 後後after後 · nounoblique complement of 分らいつwhenいつ · pronounmodifies いれるは(part of verb)は · particlefirst syllable of はいれる (with w5), not a standalone particleいれるcan get inはいれる · verbadverbial clause on 分らかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of いれる分らtell分かる · verbadverbial clause on 脱いないthere was noない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分ら洋服Western clothes洋服 · noundirect object of 脱いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 洋服脱いtook off脱ぐ · verbadverbial clause on なっでandで · particleparticle marking 脱い浴衣yukata浴衣 · nouncompound with 枚一one一 · numeralquantifies 枚枚garment枚 · nounoblique complement of なっにintoに · particleparticle marking 枚なっchangedなる · verbadverbial clause on 寝てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっ座敷room座敷 · nounmodifies 真中の'sの · particleparticle marking 座敷真中middle真中 · nounoblique complement of 寝へinへ · particleparticle marking 真中大の字spread-eagled大の字 · nounoblique complement of 寝に(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking 大の字寝lay down寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝みtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝It felt wonderful.
いいgoodいい · adjectivemodifies 心持ち心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounhead of the phraseで(and)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心持ちあるwasある · verbpart of the phrase で- 11
After eating my midday meal I lost no time in writing a letter to Kiyo.
昼飯midday meal昼飯 · noundirect object of 食っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 昼飯食っate食う · verbadverbial clause on かいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食っからafterから · particleparticle marking 食っ早速at once早速 · adverbmodifies かい清Kiyo清 · proper nounoblique complement of かいへtoへ · particleparticle marking 清手紙letter手紙 · noundirect object of かいを(object)を · particleparticle marking 手紙かいwroteかく · verbadverbial clause on やって(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かいやっfor herやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっ I write badly, and on top of that I don't know many characters, so I hate writing letters.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 大嫌いはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ文章writing文章 · nounsubject of まずいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 文章まずいbadまずい · adjectiveclause modifying 上上on top of上 · nounoblique complement of 知らに(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking 上字characters字 · noundirect object of 知らを(object)を · particleparticle marking 字知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 書くないdon'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知ら手紙letters手紙 · noundirect object of 書くを(object)を · particleparticle marking 手紙書くwriting書く · verbdepends on 大嫌いの(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 書くがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 書く大嫌いhate大嫌い · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 大嫌いThere was no one else to write to, either.
またalsoまた · adverbmodifies やるやるto write toやる · verbclause modifying 所所place所 · nounsubject of ないもevenも · particleparticle marking 所ないthere was noneない · adjectivehead of the phraseBut Kiyo would be worried about me, surely.
しかしbutしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of 心配はtopicは · particleparticle marking 清心配worrying心配 · nounmain verb of the sentenceしdoingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 心配いるwould beいる · verbpart of the phrase てだろうsurelyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配It would be no good if she got to fretting that my ship had gone down and I'd drowned, so I steeled myself and wrote a long one.
難船shipwreck難船 · nounadverbial clause on ししhavingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 難船てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 難船死にdrowned死ぬ · verbmodifies しや(emphasis)や · particleparticle marking 死にしdidする · verbclausal complement of 思っないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of しなどor the likeなど · particleintroduces the clause of しと(quote)と · particleparticle marking し思っfretting思う · verbadverbial clause on 困るちゃif sheては · particleintroduces the clause of 思っ困るwould be no good困る · verbadverbial clause on 書いからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 困る奮発steeling myself奮発 · nounadverbial clause on 書いしdoingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奮発てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 奮発長いlong長い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 書いのoneの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 長いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 長い書いwrote書く · verbadverbial clause on やって(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 書いやっfor herやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっThis is what it said.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 文句文句wording文句 · nounsubject of こうはtopicは · particleparticle marking 文句こうlike thisこう · adverbhead of the phraseで(and)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of こうあるisある · verbpart of the phrase で- 12
'I arrived yesterday.
きのうyesterdayきのう · nountemporal adjunct modifying 着い着いarrived着く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 着い A dull place.
つまらdullつまらない · adjectiveclause modifying 所つまらん is a colloquial contraction of つまらない, 'not interesting, boring.'
ん(negative)つまらない · auxiliary verbnegative ending of つまら (つまらん = つまらない)所place所 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 所I'm sleeping in a fifteen-mat room.
十五fifteen十五 · numeralmodifies 畳畳mats畳 · nounmodifies 座敷の'sの · particleparticle marking 畳座敷room座敷 · nounoblique complement of 寝にinに · particleparticle marking 座敷寝sleep寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて-ingて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝いるamいる · verbauxiliary of 寝I gave the inn a five-yen tip.
宿屋inn宿屋 · nounoblique complement of やっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 宿屋茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of やっを(object)を · particleparticle marking 茶代五five五 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · nounoblique complement of やっやっgaveやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっThe landlady pressed her head right to the floor.
かみlandladyかみさん · nouncompound with さんかみさん, 'the missus,' here the innkeeper's wife.
さんmissusかみさん · nounsubject of つけが(subject)が · particleparticle marking さん頭head頭 · noundirect object of つけを(object)を · particleparticle marking 頭板の間wooden floor板の間 · nounoblique complement of つけ板の間: a bare wood-floored room, without tatami.
へtoへ · particleparticle marking 板の間すりrubbing擦る · verbcompound verb stem with つけつけpressedつける · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけI couldn't sleep last night.
夕べlast night夕べ · nounsubject of 寝は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 夕べ寝sleep寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceられcouldられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝なかっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝I dreamed you were eating bamboo-leaf candy, leaves and all.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of 食うが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 清笹飴bamboo-leaf candy笹飴 · noundirect object of 食うを(object)を · particleparticle marking 笹飴笹leaves笹 · nounadverbial modifier of 食うごとand allごと · particleparticle marking 笹食うeats食う · verbclause modifying 夢夢dream夢 · noundirect object of 見を(object)を · particleparticle marking 夢見dreamed見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見I'll come home next summer.
来年next year来年 · nounmodifies 夏の'sの · particleparticle marking 来年夏summer夏 · nountemporal adjunct of 帰るは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 夏帰るwill return帰る · verbmain verb of the sentenceI went to the school today and gave everyone nicknames.
今日today今日 · nountemporal adjunct of 行っ学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 行っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校行っwent行く · verbadverbial clause on つけてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っみんなeveryoneみんな · nounoblique complement of つけにtoに · particleparticle marking みんなあだなnicknamesあだな · noundirect object of つけを(object)を · particleparticle marking あだなつけattachedつける · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけやっgaveやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっThe principal is the Badger, the vice-principal is Red Shirt, the English teacher is Uranari, the math teacher is Porcupine, and the drawing teacher is Toady.
校長principal校長 · nounsubject of elliptical predicate 狸は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 校長狸Badger狸 · proper nounpredicate nominal of 校長 (copula omitted)教頭vice-principal教頭 · nounsubject of elliptical predicate シャツは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 教頭赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · proper nounpredicate nominal of 教頭 (copula omitted)英語English英語 · nounmodifies 教師の'sの · particleparticle marking 英語教師teacher教師 · nounsubject of elliptical predicate うらなりは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 教師うらなりUranariうらなり · proper nounpredicate nominal of 教師 (copula omitted)数学math数学 · nounsubject of elliptical predicate 山嵐は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 数学山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · proper nounpredicate nominal of 数学 (copula omitted)画学art画学 · nounsubject of elliptical predicate だいこは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 画学のboorish野 · nouncompound with だいこSōseki spells 野 ('rustic, boorish') in hiragana の here; の+だいこ = のだいこ, the students' nickname for the flattering art teacher, rendered 'Toady.'
だいこToadyだいこ · nounpredicate nominal of 画学 (copula omitted)I'll write you all sorts of things later.
今later今 · nounoblique complement of 書い今に = 'one of these days, before long.'
にinに · particleparticle marking 今いろいろvariousいろいろ · adjectiveclause modifying 事なvariousだ · auxiliary verbattributive ending of いろいろ, modifies 事事things事 · noundirect object of 書いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 事書いwrite書く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 書いやるwill (for you)やる · verbauxiliary of 書いGoodbye.'
さようならGoodbyeさようなら · nounhead of the phrase- 13
Once I'd finished the letter I felt good and grew drowsy, so just as before I stretched out spread-eagled in the middle of the room.
手紙letter手紙 · noundirect object of かいを(object)を · particleparticle marking 手紙かいwroteかく · verbadverbial clause on なってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かいしまっfinishedしまう · verbauxiliary of かいたらonceた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しまっいいgoodいい · adjectivemodifies 心持ち心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounoblique complement of なっにintoに · particleparticle marking 心持ちなっbecameなる · verbadverbial clause on さしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっ眠気drowsiness眠気 · nounsubject of さしが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 眠気さしcame onさす · verbadverbial clause on 寝た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of さしからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of さし最前before最前 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 最前ようwayよう · nounadverbial clause on 寝にasに · particleparticle marking よう, forms ように ('just as')座敷room座敷 · nounmodifies 真中の'sの · particleparticle marking 座敷真中middle真中 · nounoblique complement of 寝へintoへ · particleparticle marking 真中のびのびstretched outのびのび · adverboblique complement of 寝と(manner)と · particleparticle marking のびのび大の字spread-eagled大の字 · nounoblique complement of 寝大の字 = the shape of the kanji 大, i.e. arms and legs spread wide.
にasに · particleparticle marking 大の字寝lay down寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝 This time I slept soundly, without a single dream.
今度this time今度 · nountemporal adjunct of 寝は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 今度夢dream夢 · nounsubject of 見もevenも · particleparticle marking 夢何anything何 · pronounsubject of 見もevenも · particleparticle marking 何見see見る · verbadverbial clause on 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見でwithoutで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見ぐっすりsoundlyぐっすり · adverbadverbial modifier of 寝寝slept寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝A loud voice calling out 'Is this the room?' woke me up, and in came Porcupine.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounpredicate nominal (copula omitted) in the quoted questionか(question)かい · particlefirst mora of the sentence-final question particle かい, marking 部屋い(question)かい · particlesecond mora of the question particle かいと(quote)と · particlemarks the end of the quoted question, introduces する大きなloud大きな · adjectivemodifies 声声voice声 · nounsubject of するが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 声するsoundedする · verbadverbial clause on 覚めの(nominalizer)の · particlenominalizes する, forms ので with ででbecauseだ · auxiliary verbforms causal ので with の, modifies 覚め目eyes目 · nounsubject of 覚めが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 目覚めwoke覚める · verbadverbial clause on はいったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 覚め山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · proper nounsubject of はいっが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 山嵐はいっcame inはいる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっ来came来る · verbauxiliary of はいった(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっ'Sorry about earlier—now, as for what you'll be teaching...'—he launched straight into business the very instant I sat up, and it threw me into quite a fluster.
最前earlier最前 · nountopic within the quoted remark introduced by と (w8)は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 最前失敬sorry失敬 · adjectivepredicate within the quoted remark, elliptical copula君you君 · nounmodifies 受持ちの'sの · particleparticle marking 君受持ちassignment受持ち · nountopic within the quoted remarkは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 受持ちと(quote)と · particlemarks the end of the quoted remark, introduces 人人the man人 · nounsubject of 起き上がるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 人起きgot起きる · verbcompound with 上がる, forms 起き上がる ('got up'), clause modifying 否上がるup上がる · verbcompound with 起き, clause modifying 否や(as soon as)や · particleparticle marking 上がる, part of や否や ('as soon as')否not否 · nounpart of the idiom や否や, modifies 開かや(as soon as)や · particleparticle marking 否, completes や否や談判negotiation談判 · noundirect object of 開かを(object)を · particleparticle marking 談判開かlaunched into開く · verbadverbial clause on 狼狽れwasれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 開かた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 開かの(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 開か, forms ので with ででsoだ · auxiliary verbforms causal ので with の, modifies 狼狽大いにgreatly大いに · adverbmodifies 狼狽狼狽flustered狼狽 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしbecameする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狼狽た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狼狽When I heard what I'd be teaching, it didn't seem especially difficult, so I agreed to it.
受持ちassignment受持ち · noundirect object of 聞いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 受持ち聞いheard聞く · verbadverbial clause on 承知てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみるtriedみる · verbauxiliary of 聞いとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞い別段particularly別段 · adverbmodifies なさむずかしいdifficultむずかしい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounsubject of なさもevenも · particleparticle marking 事なさnotない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 承知そうseemedそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なさだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なさからsoから · particleparticle marking なさ承知agreed承知 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 承知た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 承知For a job that simple, even if they'd told me to start tomorrow instead of the day after, I wouldn't have batted an eye.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of くらいくらいaboutくらい · particlemodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking くらい事thing事 · nounconditional topic, adverbial clause on 驚ろかならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事明後日day after tomorrow明後日 · nountopic of elliptical predicate 愚 ('let alone the day after tomorrow')は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 明後日愚needless to say愚か · adverbmodifies 明後日, meaning 'let alone'明日tomorrow明日 · nounoblique complement of 始めろからfromから · particleparticle marking 明日始めろstart始める · verbclausal complement of 云っと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 始めろ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 驚ろかたってeven ifたって · particleconcessive suffix on 云っ, introduces the clause of 云っ驚ろかbe surprised驚く · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 驚ろかOnce we'd settled the business about classes, he said, 'You can't mean to stay at an inn like this forever, can you—I'll find you a good lodging house, so you'd better move in.'
授業classes授業 · nouncompound with 上上regarding上 · nounmodifies 打ち合せの'sの · particleparticle marking 上打ち合せarrangements打ち合せ · nounsubject of 済んがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 打ち合せ済んsettled済む · verbclause modifying つもりだらonceだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 済ん君you君 · pronounsubject of つもりはtopicは · particleparticle marking 君いつwhenいつ · pronounoblique complement of 居るまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking いつこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 宿屋宿屋inn宿屋 · nounoblique complement of 居るにatに · particleparticle marking 宿屋居るstay居る · verbclause modifying つもりつもりmean toつもり · nounadverbial clause on 周旋でisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to つもりもevenも · particlepart of the phrase であるbeある · verbpart of the phrase でまいsurely not, can youまい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase で僕I僕 · pronounsubject of いいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 僕いいgoodいい · adjectiveclause modifying 下宿下宿lodging house下宿 · noundirect object of 周旋をobjectを · particleparticle marking 下宿周旋find周旋 · verbclause modifying たまえし(do)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 周旋てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 周旋やるfor youやる · verbpart of the phrase てからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 周旋移りmove in移る · verbcompound with たまえたまえpleaseたまう · auxiliary verbhead of the phraseたまえ is an archaic polite-imperative suffix attached to a verb stem, roughly 'do X, won't you'.
'They won't take just anyone, but if I put in a word it'll be arranged in no time.'
外other外 · nounmodifies ものの'sの · particleparticle marking 外ものoneもの · nounadverbial clause on すぐでthroughで · particleparticle marking ものはtopicは · particleparticle marking もの承知accept承知 · verbadverbial clause on 話せし(do)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 承知ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 承知がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 承知僕I僕 · pronounsubject of 話せがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 僕話せspeak話す · verbadverbial clause on すぐばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話せすぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 出来る出来るget arranged出来る · verbmain verb of the sentence'The sooner the better, so look at the place today, move in tomorrow, and start at the school the day after—that'll settle it nicely,' he decided, all on his own.
早いsooner早い · adjectiveclause modifying 方方way方 · nounsubject of いいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方いいbetterいい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 今日からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of いい今日today今日 · adverbadverbial clause on 移っ見look at見る · verbcompound with 今日てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見あすtomorrowあす · adverbmodifies 移っ移っmove in移る · verbadverbial clause on いいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 移っあさってday after tomorrowあさって · nounoblique complement of 行けからfromから · particleparticle marking あさって学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 行けへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校行けgo行く · verbadverbial clause on いいばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行け極りsettling極り · nounsubject of いいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 極りいいniceいい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 呑みとthatと · particleparticle marking いい一人alone一人 · nounoblique complement of 呑みでbyで · particleparticle marking 一人呑みdecided呑む · verbmain verb of the sentence呑み込む literally 'swallow down' is used idiomatically for convincing oneself of / settling on something.
込んfirmly込む · verbadverbial clause on 呑みでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んいるhasいる · verbpart of the phrase でIt was true enough that I couldn't stay in a fifteen-mat room forever.
なるほどindeedなるほど · adverbclause modifying 敷十五fifteen十五 · adjectivecompound with 敷畳mat畳 · nouncompound with 敷敷room敷 · nounoblique complement of 行くにinに · particleparticle marking 敷いつwhenいつ · pronounoblique complement of 居るまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking いつ居るstay居る · verbclause modifying 訳訳way訳 · nounoblique complement of 行くにtoに · particleparticle marking 訳もevenも · particleparticle marking 訳行くgo行く · verbmain verb of the sentence訳にも行くまい is an idiom for 'there's surely no way (I) could...'
まいsurely notまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行くEven handing over my whole salary for lodging might not have been enough to cover it.
月給salary月給 · noundirect object of 払っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 月給みんなallみんな · adverbmodifies 払っ宿料lodging fee宿料 · nounoblique complement of 払っにforに · particleparticle marking 宿料払っpay払う · verbadverbial clause on 追ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 払っもevenも · particleparticle marking 払っ追っcatch追う · verbmain verb of the sentenceつかupつく · verbadverbial clause on 追っないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つかかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of つかもalsoも · particlepart of the phrase かしれknowしれる · verbpart of the phrase かぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase かIt seemed rather a shame to move out so soon after splurging on that five-yen tip, but since I was going to move anyway, it would be more convenient to move in quickly and settle down, so I decided to leave the arrangements to Porcupine.
五five五 · numeralquantifies 円円yen円 · nounmodifies 茶代の'sの · particleparticle marking 円茶代tip茶代 · noundirect object of 奮発をobjectを · particleparticle marking 茶代奮発splurge on奮発 · verbadverbial clause on 移るし(do)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奮発てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 奮発すぐright awayすぐ · adverbmodifies 移る移るmove out移る · verbadverbial clause on 残念のthe act ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 移るはtopicは · particleparticle marking 移るちとa bitちと · adverbmodifies 残念残念a shame残念 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 便利だisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 残念がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 残念どうせanywayどうせ · adverbmodifies 移る移るmove移る · verbclause modifying 者者one者 · nounadverbial clause on 便利ならsinceだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 者早くquickly早い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 引き引きmove引く · verbclause modifying 方越しover越す · verbclause modifying 方てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 越し落ちsettle落ちる · verbclause modifying 方付くdown付く · verbclause modifying 方方way方 · nounsubject of 便利がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方便利convenient便利 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 頼むだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 便利からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 便利そこthatそこ · pronounmodifies ところの'sの · particleparticle marking そこところmatterところ · nounsubject of 頼むはtopicは · particleparticle marking ところよろしくkindlyよろしく · adverbmodifies 頼む山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounoblique complement of 頼むにtoに · particleparticle marking 山嵐頼むentrust頼む · verbclause modifying 事事matter事 · nounoblique complement of しにtoに · particleparticle marking 事しdecidedする · auxiliary verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しThen Porcupine said to just come along and take a look for myself, so I went.
するthenする · auxiliary verbforms すると with と (conjunction introducing the sentence)とandと · subordinating conjunctionhead of the phrase山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounsubject of 来はtopicは · particleparticle marking 山嵐ともかくanywayともかく · adverbmodifies 来もevenも · particleparticle marking ともかくいっしょtogetherいっしょ · nounoblique complement of 来に(manner)に · particleparticle marking いっしょ来come来る · verbclausal complement of 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来みろtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとquoteと · particleparticle marking 来云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 行っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う行っwent行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っIt was a house halfway up a hill at the edge of town, extremely quiet.
町はずれedge of town町はずれ · nounmodifies 岡の'sの · particleparticle marking 町はずれ岡hill岡 · nounmodifies 中腹の'sの · particleparticle marking 岡中腹halfway up中腹 · nounoblique complement of あるにatに · particleparticle marking 中腹あるisある · verbclause modifying 家家house家 · nounoblique complement of 閑静でbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 家至極extremely至極 · adverbmodifies 閑静閑静quiet閑静 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 閑静The landlord was a man called Ika-gin who dealt in antiques, and his wife was a woman some four years older than her husband.
主人landlord主人 · nounsubject of 男はtopicは · particleparticle marking 主人骨董antiques骨董 · noundirect object of 売買をobjectを · particleparticle marking 骨董売買deal in売買 · verbclause modifying 銀する(do)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 売買いかIkaいか · nouncompound with 銀いか銀 is the landlord's nickname, punning on いか 'cuttlefish' plus 銀 'silver/Gin'.
銀Gin銀 · nounoblique complement of 云うと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 銀云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 男男man男 · nounclause modifying 女でandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男女房wife女房 · nounsubject of 女はtopicは · particleparticle marking 女房亭主husband亭主 · nounmodifies 女よりthanより · particleparticle marking 亭主もevenも · particleparticle marking 亭主四four四 · numeralquantifies つつyearsつ · nouncompound with 年嵩ばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking つ年嵩older年嵩 · nounmodifies 女の'sの · particleparticle marking 年嵩女woman女 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 女Back when I was at middle school I'd once learned the word 'witch,' and this wife looked exactly like a witch.
中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 居にatに · particleparticle marking 学校居was居る · verbclause modifying 時た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居時when時 · nountemporal adjunct modifying 習っウィッチwitchウィッチ · nounoblique complement of 云うとasと · particleparticle marking ウィッチ云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 言葉言葉word言葉 · noundirect object of 習っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 言葉習っlearned習う · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 習っ事occasion事 · nounsubject of ある~た事がある = 'have done ~ before' (experiential).
が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 事あるhaveある · verbpredicate with 事 (experiential 'have done')がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 事このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 女房女房wife女房 · nounsubject of 似は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 女房まさにexactlyまさに · adverbmodifies 似ウィッチwitchウィッチ · nounoblique complement of 似にlikeに · particleparticle marking ウィッチ似looks似る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(state)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 似いるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てStill, witch or not, she was somebody's wife, so it made no difference to me.
ウィッチwitchウィッチ · nounconcessive clause on 構わだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ウィッチってeven ifって · particleintroduces the clause of ウィッチ人someone人 · nounmodifies 女房の'sの · particleparticle marking 人女房wife女房 · nounadverbial clause on 構わだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 女房からsinceから · particleparticle marking 女房構わmatter構う · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 構わIn the end it was settled that I'd move in starting the next day.
とうとうfinallyとうとう · adverbmodifies し明日tomorrow明日 · nounmodifies 引き移るからfromから · particleparticle marking 明日引きwithdraw引く · verbclause modifying 事移るmove in移る · verbclause modifying 事事matter事 · nounoblique complement of し~事にする = 'decide to do ~,' literally 'make it the thing that...'
に(as)に · particlepart of the phrase 事しdecidedする · auxiliary verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しOn the way back Porcupine treated me to a bowl of shaved ice on Tōri-machi.
帰りway back帰り · nounoblique complement of 奢っにonに · particleparticle marking 帰り山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounsubject of 奢っは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 山嵐通町Tōri-machi通町 · nounoblique complement of 奢っでatで · particleparticle marking 通町氷水shaved ice氷水 · noundirect object of 奢っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 氷水一杯a bowl一杯 · adverbmodifies 奢っ奢っtreated奢る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奢っWhen I'd met him at the school I'd thought him an insufferably high-handed, rude fellow, but seeing how much trouble he was going to on my behalf, he didn't seem like such a bad sort after all.
学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 逢っでatで · particleparticle marking 学校逢っmet逢う · verbclause modifying 時た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢っ時when時 · nounoblique complement of 思っは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 時やawfullyやに · adverbmodifies 横風Colloquial contraction of いやに ('unpleasantly/terribly').
に(particle)に · particlepart of the adverb やに横風arrogant横風 · adjectiveclause modifying 奴な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 横風失敬rude失敬 · adjectiveclause modifying 奴な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失敬奴fellow奴 · nounclausal complement of 思っだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 奴と(that)と · particleparticle marking 奴思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 見るた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っこんなsoこんな · pronounadverbial clause on しに(particle)に · particleadverbializer of こんないろいろvariousいろいろ · adverbmodifies し世話trouble世話 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 世話しdoingする · verbclause modifying ところて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しくれるfor meくれる · verbpart of the phrase てところwayところ · noundirect object of 見るを(object)を · particleparticle marking ところ見るseeing見る · verbconditional clause governing the sentenceとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見るわるいbadわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 男男man男 · nounhead of the phraseで(copula)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男もevenも · particlepart of the phrase でなさnotない · adjectivepart of the phrase でそうseemそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なさだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to そうOnly he seemed, like me, to be quick-tempered and short of patience.
ただjustただ · adverbmodifies せっかちおれmeおれ · pronounmarked by と, compared via 同じとasと · particleparticle marking おれ同じsame同じ · adjectivemodifies ようようwayよう · nounmodifies せっかち (via に)に(particle)に · particleadverbializer of ようせっかちimpatientせっかち · nouncoordinate with 癪持 (via で)でandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to せっかち肝temper肝 · nouncompound with 癪持癪持quick-tempered癪持 · nounhead of the phrase肝癪持 here = 癇癪持ち ('kanshaku-mochi'), 'a hot-tempered person.'
らしいseemsらしい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 癪持I heard afterward that of all the teachers, this man was the most popular with the students.
あとafterwardあと · nounoblique complement of 聞いで(at)で · particleparticle marking あと聞いheard聞く · verbadverbial clause on あるたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 男男man男 · nounsubject of あるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 男一番most一番 · adverbmodifies ある生徒students生徒 · nounoblique complement of あるにamongに · particleparticle marking 生徒人望popularity人望 · nounsubject of あるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 人望あるhasある · verbmain verb of the sentenceの(that)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のそうreportedlyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あるだ(hearsay)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ある
The particulars
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- 坊っちゃん, Natsume Sōseki. Botchan.
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- Public-domain Japanese (Natsume Sōseki, d. 1916; published 1906). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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