Japanese · Lesson 128
Lesson 130
Narration and the written language
Foreign contact and regional climate · Narration 1 of 3
A gateway to Japan
*九州は 日本の 西の はしに あり、大陸に 近いので、古くから 大陸文明の 入口になっていた* places Kyushu at Japan's western end, close to the continent. It says Kyushu has long been a gateway for continental civilization.
Kyushu also faced invasions and received Christianity. After Japan closed the country, only *長崎* remained a trading port and a gateway for Western learning.
The passage then contrasts Kyushu's mild south with the different climates of its regions.
Nagasaki after the war
*長崎だけが 貿易港として 許され* means "only Nagasaki was permitted to serve as a trading port." *Nagasaki* is Japan's oldest open port.
During World War II, *Nagasaki* and *Hiroshima* were atom-bombed. The city was almost completely demolished.
The restored city became prosperous again. Its specialties include tortoise-shell ware, pearls, coral, porcelain, embroidery, miniature vessels, sponge cakes, and fruit.
Kanji: 許, 暖
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
Kanji: 青
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 1
きゅうしゅうはにほんのにしのはしにあり、たいりくにちかいので、ふるくからたいりくぶんめいのいりぐちになっていた。
Kyushu is at the western end of Japan, and because it is close to the continent, it has long been a gateway for continental civilization.
九州Kyushuはtopic日本Japanのof西westのofはしendにatあり、is located大陸continentにto近いcloseのfactで、because古くlong agoからfrom大陸continental civilization文明continental civilizationのof入口gatewayにintoなっhad becomeてhad becomeいhad becomeた。had become - 2
じゅうさんせいきのころクビライカンがにどもせめてきたのもきゅうしゅうであったし、キリストきょうがはいってきたのもきゅうしゅうであった。
It was also Kyushu that Kublai Khan attacked twice around the thirteenth century, and it was Kyushu where Christianity first entered Japan.
十thirteen三thirteen世紀centuryのofころaroundクビライKublaiカンKhanがsubject二twice度twiceもeven攻めcame to attackてcame to attack来came to attackたcame to attackのthe factもalso九州Kyushuでwasあっwasたwasし、andキリストChristianity教Christianityがsubjectはいっcame inてcame in来came inたcame inのthe factもalso九州wasでwasあっwasた。was - 3
えどじだいになってにほんがさこくしてからは、ながさきだけがぼうえきこうとしてゆるされ、せいようのがくもんのただひとつのいりぐちとなっていた。
After Japan closed the country in the Edo period, only Nagasaki was permitted to serve as a trading port, and it became the sole gateway for Western learning.
江戸Edo period時代Edo periodにinなっbecameてbecame日本Japanがsubject鎖国national isolationしdidてand thenからafterは、topic長崎Nagasakiだけonlyがsubject貿易trading port港trading portとasしasてas許さwas permittedれ、was permitted西洋Westernのof学問learningのofただsolely一oneつoneのof入口gatewayとasなっhad becomeてhad becomeいhad becomeた。had become - 4
べんきょうしたいひとびとはぜんこくからながさきにあつまってきた。
People who wanted to study came to Nagasaki from all over the country.
勉強studyしdoたいwanted to人々peopleはtopic全国whole countryからfrom長崎Nagasakiにto集まっgatheredてgathered来cameた。past - 5
きゅうしゅうはきこうがおんだんで、とくになんぶはふゆもあたたかく、みやざきけんのあおしまはびろうなどさんびゃくしゅあまりのあねったいせい
Kyushu has a mild climate, and the southern part in particular is warm even in winter; Aoshima in Miyazaki Prefecture has more than three hundred species of subtropical plants, including the Chinese fan palm.
九州Kyushuはtopic気候climateがsubject温暖mildで、and特にespecially南部southern partはtopic冬winterもeven暖く、warm宮崎Miyazaki Prefecture県Miyazaki Prefectureのof青島AoshimaはtopicびろうChinese fan palmなどand others三百three hundred種species余りmore thanのof亜subtropical熱帯subtropical性subtropical - 6
しょくぶつがしげっているのでゆうめいである。
It is famous for its luxuriant vegetation.
植物vegetationがsubjectしげっgrows luxuriantlyてgrows luxuriantlyいるgrows luxuriantlyのbecauseでbecause有名famousでisある。is - 7
しかしきゅうしゅうもちいきによってきこうはずいぶんちがっている。
However, the climate in Kyushu also differs considerably from one region to another.
しかしhowever九州Kyushuもalso地域regionにbyよっdepending onてdepending on気候climateはtopicずい分considerablyちがっdiffersてdiffersいる。differs
1 Kita-Kyuushuu City: Five cities of northern Kyuushuu, namely, Moji, Kokura, Yawata, Tobata and Wakamatsu, accomplished a very unique merger on equal terms into “Kita-Kyuushuu City,” the seventh largest city in Japan, which made a fresh start on February 10, 1963. In order to build up a truly great modern city, the new-born Kita-Kyuushuu City is now zealously pushing forward its construction plans making the most of the characteristics of each of the component ex-cities.2 Beppu Spa Beppu is known throughout Japan for its hot springs, which include alkaline, sulphur, iron, and carbonated baths. Some of the hot springs are blood red in color, others are blue. There are also hot sand baths on the beach where people half bury themselves in the sand. There are more than 300 hotels and inns.3 Nagasaki Nagasaki is the oldest open port in Japan. During World War II, Nagasaki, together with Hiroshima, was atom-bombed, and almost completely demolished. One of the hardest hit sections was the district around the Catholic cathedral at Urakami. Restoration of the city has been remarkable, and again it has become a thriving, prosperous city that was. Specialties of Nagasaki are tortoise-shell ware, pearls, coral, porcelain, embroidery, miniature model vessels, kasutera (sponge cakes), and fruit.4 KIRISHIMA YAKU National Park Kirishima National Park, with an area of 53,000 acres, comprises the Kirishima Range consisting of some 23 peaks. The range extends nearly 10 miles between the two outstanding peaks, Takachiho-no-mine on the east and Karakuni-dake on the west. In its vast bosom are found all the striking features of volcanic mountain scenery, craters, lakes, cascades, forests, hot springs, rare plants and flowers. In June 1964, Kinkoowan quasi-National park in Kagoshima was incorporated into Kirishima National Park and renamed as KIRISHIMA YAKU National Park increasing the area to 136,480 acres.5 ASO NATIONAL PARK Aso National park includes two most interesting groups of mountains, volcanic Mt. Aso and Mt. Kujuu. It covers an area of about 168,000 acres in Kumamoto and Oita Prefectures. Mt. Aso, the chief attraction of this national park, is not the highest mountain in Kyuushuu, nor is it famed for its beauty of symmetry. But, it is a typical, awe-inspiring volcano, and around its five peaks is the world’s greatest crater basin which marks its original crater.6 UNZEN-AMAKUSA National Park The Unzen-Amakusa National Park covers an area of 63,259 acres, including the Amakusa island group, the central part of the Shimabara peninsula, the lovely picturesque waters of Ariake Bay on the north, Chijiwa Bay on the west. Mt. Unzen, an inactive volcano, the central feature of the park, consists of several peaks. Panoramic views from these peaks are particularly impressive because of the unusual scenery of the peninsula. The seasonal aspects of Mt. Unzen deserve particular mention, for among its glories are the splendid display of azaleas in May, the brilliant foliage of the maples in autumn, and the “silver thaw” in winter, when the trees are coated with ice.7 Imari China Arita has long been noted for its pottery, which was introduced in 1592 by a Korean potter. After the great improvements introduced by the Japanese artists, these wares soon attracted the attention of Dutch traders in Nagasaki, who exported them in large quantities. Today these wares are known as Imariyaki because these wares are exported from the port Imari although Imari was not a place of manufacture.- は
- leaves
- の
- See Grammar Notes
- 西
- west
- はし
- chopsticks
- に
- on (See Gram. Notes)
- 大陸
- continent
- 近い
- near, close
- で、
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- から
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- 入口
- entrance
- い
- stomach
- 十
- ten
- 三
- three
- ころ
- season
- が
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- 二
- two
- も
- as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes
- し、
- city
- 時代
- era, period
- だけ
- only, just (See Grammar Notes)
- 港
- port, harbor
- と
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- 西洋
- occident, the West
- 学問
- learning; education
- ただ
- merely
- 一
- one
- 人々
- people
- 全国
- entire country
- 温暖
- warm
- 南部
- southern part or portion
- 冬
- winter
- 県
- prefecture (See Cultural Notes)
- びろう
- palm tree
- など
- and so forth, etc.
- 三百
- 300
- 植物
- plant; vegetation
- いる
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
- ある。
- certain, some
- しかし
- however, but
- ずい分
- very much
Rainfall, farming and heavy industry · Narration 2 of 3
Rainfall, farming, and industry
*九州は 大体 六月と 九月とに 雨が 多く* means "Kyushu generally gets much rain in June and September." Typhoons often arrive in early September.
The passage divides Kyushu into an industrial north, a rice-farming center, and a south centered on dry-field farming.
The northern coastal zone produces coal, iron, steel, ships, cement, glass, and sugar.
Five cities made one
*門司から 小倉、戸畑、八幡、若松と 続く* names five northern coastal cities: *Moji*, *Kokura*, *Tobata*, *Yawata*, and *Wakamatsu*.
The five cities joined on equal terms as *Kita-Kyuushuu* City. The new city was Japan's seventh largest. It made a fresh start on February 10, 1963.
Kanji: 賀
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 8
せとないかいにめんしたちほうははるにあめがおおいが、ふゆはかんそうしてせいてんがつづく。
The region facing the Seto Inland Sea gets a lot of rain in spring, but winter is dry, with continued clear weather.
瀬戸Seto Inland Sea内海Seto Inland Seaにtoward面しfacesたpast地方regionはtopic春springにin雨rainがsubject多いabundantが、but冬winterはtopic乾燥dryしdoてand晴天clear weatherがsubject続く。continues - 9
つしまかいきょうにめんしたちほうは、ふゆはどんてんのひがおおく、ちょうどちゅうごくちほうのにほんかいがんににている。
The region facing the Tsushima Strait has many cloudy days in winter and closely resembles the Sea of Japan coast of the Chugoku region.
対馬Tsushima Strait海峡Tsushima Straitにtoward面しfacesたpast地方regionは、topic冬winterはtopic曇天cloudy skyのof日daysがsubject多く、many丁度just中国Chugoku region地方Chugoku regionのof日本Sea of Japan coast海岸Sea of Japan coastにto似resemblesてresemblesいる。resembles - 10
きゅうしゅうはだいたいろくがつとくがつとにあめがおおく、ばいうのりょうはおおい。
Kyushu generally gets a lot of rain in June and September, and the rainfall during the rainy season is heavy.
九州Kyushuはtopic大体generally六June月Juneとand九September月Septemberとandにin雨rainがsubject多く、abundant梅雨rainy seasonのof量amountはtopic多い。large - 11
くがつのはじめごろおそってくるたいふうもよくきゅうしゅうにじょうりくする。
Typhoons that strike around the beginning of September also often make landfall in Kyushu.
九September月Septemberのof初めごろaround the beginningおそっstrikeてstrike来るstrike台風typhoonsもalsoよくoften九州Kyushuにin上陸make landfallする。do - 12
きゅうしゅうはさんぎょうのうえからみて、こうぎょうのきたきゅうしゅう、すいでんのうぎょうのなかきゅうしゅう、はたさくちゅうしんのみなみきゅうしゅうとわけることができる。
From the standpoint of industry, Kyushu can be divided into industrial northern Kyushu, rice-farming central Kyushu, and southern Kyushu, where dry-field farming predominates.
九州Kyushuはtopic産業industryのof上standpointからfrom見viewedて、viewed工業industrialのof北九州、northern Kyushu水田rice farming農業rice farmingのof中central Kyushu九州、central Kyushu畑作dry-field farming中心centeredのof南southern Kyushu九州southern Kyushuとandわけるdivide事factがsubject出来る。can - 13
きたきゅうしゅうはだいたいふくおか、さが、ながさきのさんけんをふくんでいて、もじからこくら、
Northern Kyushu includes roughly the three prefectures of Fukuoka, Saga, and Nagasaki, and extends from Moji to Kokura.
北九州northern Kyushuはtopic大体roughly福岡、Fukuoka佐賀、Saga長崎Nagasakiのof三three prefectures県three prefecturesをobjectふくんincludesでincludesいincludesて、includes門司Mojiからfrom小倉、Kokura - 14
とばた、やわた、わかまつとつづくほくぶのかいがんとしをふくんだちいきはきたきゅうしゅうこうぎょうちたいとしてしられ、こうぎょう（せきたん）、せいてつ、せいこうぎょう、ぞうせんぎょう、セメント、ガラス、せいとうぎょうなどがおもなものである。
The area that includes the northern coastal cities of Tobata, Yahata, and Wakamatsu is known as the Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone, and its principal industries include mining (coal), ironmaking, steelmaking, shipbuilding, cement, glass, and sugar refining.
戸畑、Tobata八幡、Yahata若松Wakamatsuとand続くcontinue北部northernのof海岸coastal cities都市coastal citiesをobjectふくんincludesだincludes地域areaはtopic北九州Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone工業Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone地帯Northern Kyushu Industrial Zoneとasしasてas知らis knownれ、is known鉱業mining（石炭）、coal製鉄、ironmaking製鋼steelmaking業、steelmaking造船shipbuilding業、shipbuildingセメント、cementガラス、glass製糖sugar refining業sugar refiningなどand othersがsubject主なprincipalものonesでareある。are
- 地方
- country, region
- 春
- spring
- 雨
- rain
- し
- city
- 晴天
- fine v?eather; clear sky
- 海峡
- strait
- 曇天
- cloudy sky
- 多く、
- many of them
- 中国
- China
- 海岸
- coast, shore
- いる。
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
- 六
- six
- 月
- moon, month (See Grammar Notes)
- 九
- nine
- 梅雨
- rainy season
- 量
- amount (See Cult. Notes)
- 台風
- typhoon
- よく
- well, skillfully
- 産業
- industry
- 工業
- manufacturing industry
- 水田
- rice field, paddy
- 農業
- agriculture
- 畑作
- dry field farming
- 南
- south
- 出来る。
- to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)
- を
- particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
- で
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- 北部
- the north, northern part
- 都市
- city
- だ
- to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
- 地帯
- zone
- 鉱業
- mining industry
- （石炭）、
- coal
- 製鉄、
- iron manufacture
- ガラス、
- glass
- もの
- things (tangible)
Crops, crafts, fisheries and resorts · Narration 3 of 3
Crafts, fisheries, and hot springs
*福岡は 博多人形の 産地、有田は 伊万里焼の 産地として 有名である* says Fukuoka is famous for Hakata dolls and Arita for Imari ware.
The passage also covers distinctive crops, fishing grounds, hot springs, and national parks.
*観光地としては、東の 熱海と 共に 日本でも 指折りの 温泉地である 別府温泉* presents Beppu as one of Japan's foremost hot-spring resorts.
*Beppu* has alkaline, sulphur, iron, and carbonated baths. On the beach, people half bury themselves in hot sand baths.
The Kirishima peaks
The list of tourist destinations includes *霧島屋久国立公園*. The park contains the *Kirishima* Range and its 23 peaks.
The range extends nearly 10 miles from *Takachiho-no-mine* to *Karakuni-dake*. Its scenery includes craters, lakes, cascades, forests, and hot springs.
The park expanded in June 1964 and became *KIRISHIMA YAKU* National Park. Its area grew to 136,480 acres.
Kanji: 諸, 指
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 15
きたきゅうしゅうのせきたんのさんがくはにほんだいいちで、ぜんさんがくのごじゅうごパーセントいじょうにおよんでいる。
Northern Kyushu ranks first in Japan in coal output, accounting for more than fifty-five percent of the country’s total production.
北九州northern Kyushuのof石炭coalのof産額outputはtopic日本first in Japan第first in Japan一first in Japanで、and全total output産額total outputのof五十fifty-five五fifty-fiveパーセントpercent以上more thanにtoおよんaccounts forでaccounts forいる。accounts for - 16
のうぎょうではこめ、むぎ、かんしょ（さつまいも）などをおもにさんしている。
In agriculture, it mainly produces rice, barley, and sweet potatoes.
農業agricultureでinはtopic米、rice麦、barley甘藷sweet potato（さつまsweet potatoいも）sweet potatoなどand othersをobject主にmainly産しproducesてproducesいる。produces - 17
とくしょくのあるさくもつとしてかごしまのさくらじまだいこん、なんせいしょとうにおおいさとうきびなどがある。
Distinctive crops include the Sakurajima daikon radish of Kagoshima and the sugarcane widely grown in the Nansei Islands.
特色distinctiveのofあるhaving作物cropsとasしasてas鹿児島Kagoshimaのof桜島Sakurajima radish大根、Sakurajima radish南西Nansei Islands諸島Nansei Islandsにin多いabundantさsugarcaneとうきびsugarcaneなどand othersがsubjectある。exist - 18
ふくおかははかたにんぎょうのさんち、ありたはいまりやきのさんちとしてゆうめいである。
Fukuoka is famous as a production center for Hakata dolls, and Arita as a production center for Imari ware.
福岡Fukuokaはtopic博多Hakata dolls人形Hakata dollsのof産地、production center有田Aritaはtopic伊万里Imari ware焼Imari wareのof産地production centerとasしasてas有名famousでisある。is - 19
ながさきけんのごとうれっとうやいき、つしまはさかんなぎょじょうで、するめでしられている。
The Goto Islands, Iki, and Tsushima in Nagasaki Prefecture are productive fishing grounds and are known for dried squid.
長崎Nagasaki Prefecture県Nagasaki Prefectureのof五島Goto Islands列島Goto Islandsやand壱岐、Iki対馬Tsushimaはtopic盛んproductiveなproductive漁場fishing groundsで、andするめdried squidでfor知らare knownれare knownてare knownいる。are known - 20
かんこうちとしては、ひがしのあたみとともににほんでもゆびおりのおんせんちであるべっぷおんせん、あそこくりつこうえん、うんぜんあまくさこくりつこうえん、さいかいこくりつこうえん、きりしまやくこくりつこうえんなどがある。
Tourist destinations include Beppu Hot Springs, one of Japan’s foremost hot-spring resorts along with Atami in the east, as well as Aso National Park, Unzen-Amakusa National Park, Saikai National Park, and Kirishima-Yaku National Park.
観光tourist destinations地tourist destinationsとasしasてasは、topic東eastのof熱海Atamiとwith共togetherにtogether日本Japanでinもeven指折りforemostのof温泉hot-spring resort地hot-spring resortでisあるis別府Beppu Hot Springs温泉、Beppu Hot Springs阿蘇Aso National Park国立Aso National Park公園、Aso National Park雲仙Unzen-Amakusa National Park天草Unzen-Amakusa National Park国立Unzen-Amakusa National Park公園、Unzen-Amakusa National Park西海Saikai National Park国立Saikai National Park公園、Saikai National Park霧島Kirishima-Yaku National Park屋久Kirishima-Yaku National Park国立Kirishima-Yaku National Park公園Kirishima-Yaku National Parkなどand othersがsubjectある。exist - 21
きゅうしゅうちほうはぎょうせいてきにはふくおかけん、さがけん、ながさきけん、おおいたけん、くまもとけん、みやざきけん、かごしまけんにわかれています。
Administratively, the Kyushu region is divided into Fukuoka, Saga, Nagasaki, Oita, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, and Kagoshima Prefectures.
九州Kyushu region地方Kyushu regionはtopic行政administratively的administrativelyにadministrativelyはtopic福岡Fukuoka Prefecture県、Fukuoka Prefecture佐賀Saga Prefecture県、Saga Prefecture長崎Nagasaki Prefecture県、Nagasaki Prefecture大分Oita Prefecture県、Oita Prefecture熊本Kumamoto Prefecture県、Kumamoto Prefecture宮崎Miyazaki Prefecture県、Miyazaki Prefecture鹿児島Kagoshima Prefecture県Kagoshima Prefectureにintoわかれis dividedてis dividedいis dividedます。is divided
- 石炭
- coal
- 産額
- production; output; yield
- 五十
- 50
- 五
- five
- パーセント
- percent
- 麦、
- wheat, barley, oats (See Cult. Notes)
- 甘藷
- sweet potato
- 特色
- characteristic; feattxre
- ある
- certain, some
- 作物
- farm products; crops
- 諸島
- group of islands
- 産地、
- production center; an area producing; the home
- 列島
- an archipelago
- や
- and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
- な
- I wish, I hope, huh
- 漁場
- fishing ground
- するめ
- dried cuttie fish
- 東
- east
- 別府
- P.N. (See Cult. Notes)
- ます。
- trout
Trade history and coastal climates · Questions 1 of 3
History and coastal climates
*江戸時代には 長崎は どんな 所でしたか* means "What kind of place was Nagasaki during the Edo period?" An answer describes its role as a trading port.
The questions also ask why Kyushu became a continental gateway and when major events occurred.
Other answers describe Kyushu's climate and compare the regions facing the Seto Inland Sea and the Tsushima Strait.
- 22
きゅうしゅうちほう
The Kyushu Region
九州Kyushu地方region - 23
きゅうしゅうはなぜふるくからたいりくぶんかのいりぐちになっていましたか。
Why has Kyushu been a gateway for continental culture since ancient times?
九州Kyushuはtopicなぜwhy古くancient timesからsince大陸continental culture文化continental cultureのof入口gatewayにasなっhas beenてhas beenいhas beenましhas beenたhas beenか。question - 24
クビライカンがきゅうしゅうをせめてきたのはいつごろでしたか。
About when did Kublai Khan attack Kyushu?
クビライKublai KhanカンKublai Khanがsubject九州Kyushuをobject攻めattackedてattacked来attackedたattackedのthe eventはtopicいつごろabout whenでしwasたwasか。question - 25
にほんがさこくしたのはいつごろですか。
About when did Japan close the country?
日本Japanがsubject鎖国closed the countryしclosed the countryたclosed the countryのthe eventはtopicいつごろabout whenですisか。question - 26
えどじだいにはながさきはどんなところでしたか。
What kind of place was Nagasaki during the Edo period?
江戸Edo period時代Edo periodにduringはtopic長崎Nagasakiはtopicどんなwhat kind of所placeでしwasたwasか。question - 27
きゅうしゅうのきこうはどんなですか。
What is the climate of Kyushu like?
九州Kyushuのof気候climateはtopicどんなwhat kind ofですisか。question - 28
みやざきけんのあおしまはどんなところですか。
What kind of place is Aoshima in Miyazaki Prefecture?
宮崎Miyazaki Prefecture県Miyazaki Prefectureのof青島Aoshimaはtopicどんなwhat kind of所placeですisか。question - 29
せとないかいにめんしたちほうのきこうはどんなですか。
What is the climate like in the region facing the Seto Inland Sea?
瀬戸Seto Inland Sea内海Seto Inland Seaにtoward面しfacingたfacing地方regionのof気候climateはtopicどんなwhat is it likeですisか。question - 30
つしまかいきょうにめんしたちほうのきこうはどうですか。
What is the climate like in the region facing the Tsushima Strait?
対馬Tsushima Strait海峡Tsushima Straitにtoward面しfacingたfacing地方regionのof気候climateはtopicどうwhat is it likeですisか。question
- なぜ
- why?
- 文化
- culture
- か。
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- です
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- どんな
- what kind of; what sort of
- 所
- address, place
Rain, typhoons, farming and industry · Questions 2 of 3
Rain, farming, and industry
*北九州工業地帯の 主な 工業は どんな ものですか* means "What are the main industries of the Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone?"
An answer gives a list of the zone's main industries.
The questions also ask when rain and typhoons arrive, what farming each region supports, and which prefectures form northern Kyushu.
- 31
きゅうしゅうはたいていなんがつとなんがつにあめがおおいですか。
In which two months does Kyushu usually get a lot of rain?
九州Kyushuはtopic大抵usually何which month月which monthとand何which month月which monthにin雨rainがsubject多いa lotですisか。question - 32
つゆのりょうはどうですか。
How much rain falls during the rainy season?
つゆrainy seasonのof量rainfall amountはtopicどうhow muchですisか。question - 33
なんがつごろたいふうがきゅうしゅうにじょうりくしますか。
Around what month do typhoons make landfall in Kyushu?
何what month月what monthごろaround台風typhoonsがsubject九州Kyushuにin上陸make landfallしmake landfallますmake landfallか。question - 34
きたきゅうしゅうはなにがさかんですか。
What industry thrives in northern Kyushu?
北九州northern Kyushuはtopic何what industryがsubject盛んthrivesですisか。question - 35
なかきゅうしゅうはなにがさかんですか。
What kind of farming thrives in central Kyushu?
中central Kyushu九州central Kyushuはtopic何what farmingがsubject盛んthrivesですisか。question - 36
みなみきゅうしゅうはなにがさかんですか。
What kind of farming thrives in southern Kyushu?
南southern Kyushu九州southern Kyushuはtopic何what farmingがsubject盛んthrivesですisか。question - 37
きたきゅうしゅうというのはだいたいなんけんをふくんでいますか。
Which prefectures are included, roughly, in what is called northern Kyushu?
北九州northern Kyushuとquote言うcalledのthe thingはtopic大体roughly何which prefectures県which prefecturesをobjectふくんare includedでare includedいare includedますare includedか。question - 38
きたきゅうしゅうこうぎょうちたいはなんしをふくんだちいきですか。
Which cities are included in the Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone?
北九州Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone工業Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone地帯Northern Kyushu Industrial Zoneはtopic何which cities市which citiesをobjectふくんincludedだincluded地域areaですisか。question - 39
きたきゅうしゅうこうぎょうちたいのおもなこうぎょうはどんなものですか。
What are the main industries of the Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone?
北九州Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone工業Northern Kyushu Industrial Zone地帯Northern Kyushu Industrial Zoneのof主なmain工業industriesはtopicどんなwhat kinds ofものonesですareか。question
- つゆ
- rainy season (See Cult. Notes)
- ます
- trout
- 言う
- to say
Coal, produce, crafts and tourism · Questions 3 of 3
Aso and its crater basin
*観光地には どんな 所が ありますか* means "What kinds of tourist destinations are there?" *Aso* National Park is one answer.
The park covers about 168,000 acres in *Kumamoto* and *Oita* Prefectures. It contains volcanic Mt. *Aso* and Mt. *Kujuu*.
Mt. *Aso* has five peaks. The world's greatest crater basin lies around them.
Mt. Unzen through the seasons
*観光地には どんな 所が ありますか* also includes *Unzen-Amakusa* National Park among the possible answers.
The park covers 63,259 acres. It includes the *Amakusa* islands, part of the *Shimabara* peninsula, and Mt. *Unzen*.
Mt. *Unzen* has azaleas in May, autumn maples, and winter trees coated with ice.
- 40
きたきゅうしゅうのせきたんのさんがくはどのくらいですか。
How much coal does northern Kyushu produce?
北九州northern Kyushuのof石炭coalのof産額productionはtopicどのhow muchくらいhow muchですisか。question - 41
のうぎょうではどんなものをおもにさんしますか。
What products are mainly produced in agriculture?
農業agricultureでinはtopicどんなwhat kind of物productsをobject主にmainly産しare producedますare producedか。question - 42
きゅうしゅうでとくしょくのあるさくもつにはどんなものがありますか。
What distinctive crops are there in Kyushu?
九州Kyushuでin特色distinctiveのofあるhaving作物cropsにamongはtopicどんなwhat kind of物productsがsubjectありthere areますthere areか。question - 43
ふくおかはなんでゆうめいですか。
What is Fukuoka famous for?
福岡Fukuokaはtopic何whatでfor有名famousですisか。question - 44
ありたはなんでゆうめいですか。
What is Arita famous for?
有田Aritaはtopic何whatでfor有名famousですisか。question - 45
するめいかのさんちはどこですか。
Where is dried squid produced?
するめいかdried squidのof産地production areaはtopicどこwhereですisか。question - 46
かんこうちにはどんなところがありますか。
What kinds of tourist destinations are there?
観光tourist destinations地tourist destinationsにamongはtopicどんなwhat kinds of所placesがsubjectありthere areますthere areか。question
- どの
- which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)
- くらい
- dark
- 産地
- production center; an area producing; the home
Foreign contact and vegetation words · Word list 1 of 2
Contact, plants, and weather
These words cover attack and foreign contact, including *攻める*, "attack," and *鎖国する*, "exclude foreigners."
Learning and vegetation include *学問*, "learning or education," and *植物*, "plant or vegetation."
The weather words include *乾燥する*, "to dry," and *晴天*, "clear sky."
- 47
せめる
attack; open an attack upon
攻めるattack - 48
せめてくる
to invade
攻めて来るinvade - 49
キリストきょう
Christianity
キリスト教Christianity - 50
さこくする
exclude foreigners; close the door to foreigners
鎖国するexclude foreigners - 51
ゆるす
to permit
許すpermit - 52
がくもん
learning; education
学問learning - 53
びろう
palm tree
びろうpalm tree - 54
---しゅ
-- variety (suffix)
---種variety suffix - 55
あねったいせい
subtropical
亜熱帯性subtropical - 56
しょくぶつ
plant; vegetation
植物plant - 57
かんそうする
to dry
乾燥するdry - 58
せいてん
fine v?eather; clear sky
晴天clear weather
- 攻める
- attack; open an attack upon
- 攻めて来る
- to invade
- キリスト教
- Christianity
- 鎖国する
- exclude foreigners; close the door to foreigners
- 許す
- to permit
- ---種
- -- variety (suffix)
- 亜熱帯性
- subtropical
- 乾燥する
- to dry
Farming, industry and island words · Word list 2 of 2
Farming, industry, and island products
The farming and industry words include *畑作*, "dry-field farming," *製鋼業*, "steel industry," and *作物*, "crops."
*伊万里焼* means "Imari ware." A Korean potter introduced pottery to *Arita* in 1592.
Dutch traders in *Nagasaki* exported the ware through *Imari*. The ware took the port's name, though *Imari* did not manufacture it.
- 59
かいきょう
strait
海峡strait - 60
おそう
attack; hit
おそうattack - 61
はたさく
dry field farming
畑作dry field farming - 62
せいこうぎょう
steel industry
製鋼業steel industry - 63
せいとうぎょう
sugar manufacturing Industry
製糖業sugar manufacturing industry - 64
かんしょ
sweet potato
甘藷sweet potato - 65
さくもつ
farm products; crops
作物crops - 66
さとうきび
sugar cane
さとうきびsugar cane - 67
いまりやき
Imari ware (China)
伊万里焼Imari ware - 68
しょとう
group of islands
諸島group of islands - 69
するめ
dried cuttie fish
するめdried cuttlefish - 70
ゆびおりの
leading; outstanding
指折りのleading
Guide for Free Conversation and Exercise
1 Topics;
a Converse with your classmates on the following topics in Japanese.
(1) The climate of Kyuushuu.
(2) Sightseeing spots in this region.
(3) Industries of Kyuushuu.
(4) Famous products in this region.
2 Exercise;
a 次の文章を 日本語に訳してください。
(1) After Japan closed the door to foreigners, only Nagasaki was permitted as a trading port.
(2) It dries in winter and the fine weather continues.
(3) The typhoon that hits around the beginning of September often lands in Kyuushuu.
(4) Sakurajima radish and sugar cane are peculiar farm products abundant in Nansei Island.Homework
1 Study the Narration thoroughly and memorize the vocabulary.
2 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given.
3 Learn to read and write the new Kanji,
4 Read the Cultural Notes,- おそう
- attack; hit
- 製鋼業
- steel industry
- 製糖業
- sugar manufacturing Industry
- さとうきび
- sugar cane
- 伊万里焼
- Imari ware (See Cult. Notes)
- 指折りの
- leading; outstanding
The particulars
- The course
- Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents