French · Parisian Scenes
Le Crépuscule du soir
Evening Twilight
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- 1
Here is the charming evening, friend of the criminal;
Voicihere isvoici · verb, indicativemain verb of the sentencelethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of soirsoireveningsoir · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of Voicicharmantcharmingcharmant · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies soiramifriendami · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to soirduof thede · prepositionpreposition marking criminelcriminelcriminalcriminel · noun, masculine, singularmodifies ami - 2
It comes like an accomplice, on wolf's feet; the sky
Ilitil · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of vientvientcomesvenir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecommelikecomme · prepositionpreposition marking compliceunanun · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of complicecompliceaccomplicecomplice · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of vientàwithà · prepositionpreposition marking paspasstepspas · adverbmodifies vientà pas de loup is an idiom meaning 'stealthily, on wolf's feet'.
deofde · prepositionpreposition marking louploupwolfloup · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of paslethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cielcielskyciel · noun, masculine, singularsubject of ferme - 3
Closes slowly like a great alcove,
Seitselfse · pronoun, reflexivedepends on fermefermeclosesfermer · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularhead of the phraselentementslowlylentement · adverbmodifies fermecommelikecomme · prepositionpreposition marking alcôveuneaun · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of alcôvegrandegreatgrand · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies alcôvealcôvealcovealcôve · noun, feminine, singularoblique argument of ferme - 4
And impatient man changes into a wild beast.
Etandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationl'thele · determiner, singulardeterminer of hommehommemanhomme · noun, masculine, singularsubject of changeimpatientimpatientimpatient · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies hommesehimselfse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of changechangechangeschanger · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceenintoen · prepositionpreposition marking bêtebêtebeastbête · noun, feminine, singularoblique argument of changefauvewildfauve · adjective, masculinemodifies bête - 5
O evening, kind evening, longed for by the one
Ôohô · interjectionhead of the phrasesoireveningsoir · noun, masculine, singulardepends on Ôaimablekindaimable · adjective, singularmodifies soirsoireveningsoir · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to soirdésirélonged fordésirer · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmodifies soirparbypar · prepositionpreposition marking celuiceluithe onecelui · pronoun, masculine, singularagent of désiré - 6
Whose arms, without lying, can say: Today
Dontwhosedont · pronounmodifies braslesthele · determiner, pluraldeterminer of brasbrasarmsbras · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of peuventsanswithoutsans · prepositionintroduces the clause of mentirmentirlyingmentir · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on peuventsans mentir, 'without lying', is a set phrase meaning 'truly'.
peuventcanpouvoir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencediresaydire · verb, infinitivecomplement of peuventAujourd'huitodayaujourd'hui · adverbmodifies travaillé - 7
We have worked! — It is the evening that soothes
Nouswenous · pronoun, pluralsubject of travailléavonshaveavoir · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, pluraldepends on travaillétravailléworkedtravailler · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceC'itce · pronoun, singularsubject of estestisêtre · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to soirlethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of soirsoireveningsoir · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrasequithatqui · pronounsubject of soulagesoulagesoothessoulager · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on soir - 8
The minds that a savage sorrow devours,
Lesthele · determiner, pluraldeterminer of espritsespritsmindsesprit · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of soulagequethatque · pronoundirect object of dévoredévoredevoursdévorer · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on espritsuneaun · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of douleurdouleursorrowdouleur · noun, feminine, singularsubject of dévoresauvagesavagesauvage · adjective, singularmodifies douleur - 9
The stubborn scholar whose brow grows heavy,
Lethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of savantsavantscholarsavant · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with espritsobstinéstubbornobstiné · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies savantdontwhosedont · pronounmodifies frontlethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of frontfrontbrowfront · noun, masculine, singularsubject of alourdits'itselfse · pronoun, reflexivedepends on alourditalourditgrows heavyalourdir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on savant - 10
And the bent workman who regains his bed.
Etandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationl'thele · determiner, singulardeterminer of ouvrierouvrierworkmanouvrier · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with savantcourbébentcourbé · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ouvrierquiwhoqui · pronounsubject of regagneregagneregainsregagner · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on ouvriersonhisson · determiner, singulardeterminer of litlitbedlit · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of regagne - 11
Meanwhile unwholesome demons in the atmosphere
Cependantmeanwhilecependant · adverbmodifies éveillentdessomeun · determiner, pluraldeterminer of démonsdémonsdemonsdémon · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of éveillentmalsainsunwholesomemalsain · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies démonsdansindans · prepositionpreposition marking atmosphèrel'thele · determiner, singulardeterminer of atmosphèreatmosphèreatmosphereatmosphère · noun, feminine, singularmodifies démons - 12
Wake heavily, like men of business,
S'themselvesse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of éveillentéveillentwakeéveiller · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencelourdementheavilylourdement · adverbmodifies éveillentcommelikecomme · prepositionpreposition marking gensdessomeun · determiner, pluraldeterminer of gensgensmengens · noun, masculine, pluraloblique argument of commed'ofde · prepositionpreposition marking affaireaffairebusinessaffaire · noun, feminine, singularmodifies gens - 13
And knock as they fly against the shutters and the awning.
EtAndet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcognentknockcogner · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceenin/byen · prepositionintroduces the gerund volantvolantflyingvoler · verb, present, gerundgerund clause on cognenten volant, "as they fly," a gerund of manner.
lesthele · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of voletsvoletsshuttersvolet · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of cognentetandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationl'thele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of auventauventawningauvent · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with volets - 14
Through the glimmers that the wind torments
Àthroughà · prepositionpart of the phrase traverstraversthroughtravers · noun, masculine, singularpart of the phrase à traversà travers, "through," is a fixed compound preposition.
lesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of lueurslueursglimmerslueur · noun, feminine, pluralobject of à traversquethatque · pronoun, relativedirect object of tourmentetourmentetormentstourmenter · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on lueurslethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ventventwindvent · noun, masculine, singularsubject of tourmente - 15
Prostitution lights up in the streets;
La—le · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ProstitutionProstitutionProstitutionprostitution · noun, feminine, singularsubject of allumes'itselfse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of allumeallumelights upallumer · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedansindans · prepositionpreposition marking rueslesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of ruesruesstreetsrue · noun, feminine, pluraloblique argument of allume - 16
Like an anthill it opens its outlets;
CommeLikecomme · conjunctionintroduces the comparisonuneanun · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of fourmilièrefourmilièreanthillfourmilière · noun, feminine, singularobject of commeelleitelle · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of ouvreouvreopensouvrir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesesitsson · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of issuesissuesoutletsissue · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of ouvre - 17
Everywhere it cuts itself a hidden path,
PartoutEverywherepartout · adverbmodifies frayeelleitelle · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of frayeseitselfse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of frayefrayecutsfrayer · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaun · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cheminoccultehiddenocculte · adjective, singularmodifies chemincheminpathchemin · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of fraye - 18
Just like the enemy who attempts a surprise raid;
AinsiJustainsi · adverbpart of the phrase ainsi quequeasque · conjunctionpart of the phrase ainsi queainsi que, "just like," a fixed comparative phrase.
l'thele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ennemiennemienemyennemi · noun, masculine, singularobject of ainsi quequiwhoqui · pronoun, relativesubject of tentetenteattemptstenter · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on ennemiunaun · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of coupcoupraidcoup · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of tentedeofde · prepositionpreposition marking mainmainhandmain · noun, feminine, singularmodifies coupcoup de main, literally "blow of the hand," idiomatically a surprise raid.
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It stirs in the heart of the city of mire
ElleItelle · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of remueremuestirsremuer · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceauin theà+le · contraction (preposition + determiner), masculine, singularpreposition marking seinseinheartsein · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of remuedeofde · prepositionpreposition marking citélathele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of citécitécitycité · noun, feminine, singularmodifies seindeofde · prepositionpreposition marking fangefangemirefange · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cité - 20
Like a worm that steals from Man what he eats.
CommeLikecomme · conjunctionintroduces the comparisonunaun · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ververwormver · noun, masculine, singularobject of commequithatqui · pronoun, relativesubject of dérobedérobestealsdérober · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on veràfromà · prepositionpreposition marking Hommel'thele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of HommeHommeManhomme · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of dérobecethat whichce · pronoun, demonstrativeantecedent of qu'qu'whichque · pronoun, relativedirect object of mangeilheil · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of mangemangeeatsmanger · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on ce - 21
Here and there one hears the kitchens hissing,
Ononeon · pronoun, singularsubject of entendentendhearsentendre · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceçàhereçà · adverbpart of the phrase çà et làetandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlàtherelà · adverbpart of the phrase çà et làçà et là, "here and there," a fixed adverbial phrase.
lesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of cuisinescuisineskitchenscuisine · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of entendsifflerhissingsiffler · verb, infinitiveinfinitive clause modifying cuisines - 22
The theaters yelping, the orchestras droning;
Lesthele · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of théâtresthéâtrestheatersthéâtre · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of entend (elided, l17)glapiryelpingglapir · verb, infinitiveinfinitive clause modifying théâtreslesthele · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of orchestresorchestresorchestrasorchestre · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with théâtresronflerdroningronfler · verb, infinitiveinfinitive clause modifying orchestres - 23
The common tables, whose delight is gambling,
LesThele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of tablestablestablestable · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of s'emplissent (l20)d'ofde · prepositionpreposition marking hôtehôtecommonhôte · noun, masculine, singularmodifies tablestable d'hôte, "host's table," a shared boarding-house table; here plural, "common tables."
dontwhosedont · pronoun, relativegenitive complement of déliceslethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of jeujeugamblingjeu · noun, masculine, singularsubject of faitfaitmakesfaire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on tableslesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of délicesdélicesdelightdélice · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of fait - 24
Fill up with harlots and swindlers, their accomplices,
S'themselvesse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of emplissentemplissentfill upemplir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentence (subject: tables, l19)dewithde · prepositionpreposition marking catinscatinsharlotscatin · noun, feminine, pluraloblique argument of emplissentetandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationd'ofde · prepositionpreposition marking escrocsescrocsswindlersescroc · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with catinsleurstheirleur · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of complicescomplicesaccomplicescomplice · noun, masculine, pluralin apposition to escrocs - 25
And the thieves, who have neither truce nor mercy,
EtAndet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlesthele · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of voleursvoleursthievesvoleur · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of vont (l22)quiwhoqui · pronoun, relativesubject of ontn'notne · adverbnegation with ont...ni...nionthaveavoir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on voleursnineitherni · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtrêvetrucetrêve · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of ontninorni · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmercimercymerci · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with trêve - 26
Will soon begin their work, they too,
Vontwillaller · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentence (subject: les voleurs, l21)bientôtsoonbientôt · adverbmodifies Vontcommencerbegincommencer · verb, infinitivecomplement of Vontleurtheirleur · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of travailtravailworktravail · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of commencereuxtheylui · pronoun, masculine, plural, disjunctiveemphasizes the subject voleursaussitooaussi · adverbmodifies eux - 27
And gently force the doors and the strongboxes
EtAndet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationforcerforceforcer · verb, infinitivecoordinated with commencer (l22)doucementgentlydoucement · adverbmodifies forcerlesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of portesportesdoorsporte · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of forceretandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of caissescaissesstrongboxescaisse · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with portes - 28
To live a few days and to clothe their mistresses.
PourTopour · prepositionintroduces the purpose clausevivrelivevivre · verb, infinitivecomplement of Pourquelquesa fewquelque · determiner, pluraldeterminer of joursjoursdaysjour · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of vivreetandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvêtirclothevêtir · verb, infinitivecoordinated with vivreleurstheirleur · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of maîtressesmaîtressesmistressesmaîtresse · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of vêtir - 29
Collect yourself, my soul, in this solemn hour,
RecueilleCollectrecueillir · verb, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencetoiyourselftoi · pronoun, second-person, singular, reflexivereflexive particle of Recueillemonmymon · determiner, singulardeterminer of âmeâmesoulâme · noun, feminine, singularvocative, addressed by Recueilleeninen · prepositionpreposition marking momentcethisce · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of momentgravesolemngrave · adjective, singularmodifies momentmomenthourmoment · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of Recueille - 30
And close your ear to this roaring.
EtAndet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfermeclosefermer · verb, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencetonyourton · determiner, singulardeterminer of oreilleoreilleearoreille · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of fermeàtoà · prepositionpreposition marking rugissementcethisce · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of rugissementrugissementroaringrugissement · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of ferme - 31
It is the hour when the sufferings of the sick grow sharper!
C'Itce · pronoun, demonstrativesubject of estestisêtre · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to heurel'thele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of heureheurehourheure · noun, feminine, singularpredicate of estoùwhenoù · pronoun, relativeintroduces the relative clause on heurelesthele · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of douleursdouleurssufferingsdouleur · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of aigrissentdesof thede · prepositionpreposition marking maladesmaladessickmalade · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies douleurss'themselvesse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of aigrissentaigrissentgrow sharperaigrir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on heure - 32
Dark Night takes them by the throat; they finish
La—le · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of NuitsombreDarksombre · adjective, singularmodifies NuitNuitNightnuit · noun, feminine, singularsubject of prendlesthemle · pronoun, pluraldirect object of prendprendtakesprendre · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceàbyà · prepositionpreposition marking gorgelathele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of gorgegorgethroatgorge · noun, feminine, singularoblique argument of prendilstheyil · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of finissentfinissentfinishfinir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentence, continues into l5 - 33
Their destiny and go toward the common gulf;
Leurtheirleur · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of destinéedestinéedestinydestinée · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of finissent (l4)etandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvontgoaller · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb, coordinated with finissent (l4)verstowardvers · prepositionpreposition marking gouffrelethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of gouffregouffregulfgouffre · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of vontcommuncommoncommun · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies gouffre - 34
The hospital fills with their sighs. — More than one
L'Thele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of hôpitalhôpitalhospitalhôpital · noun, masculine, singularsubject of remplitseitselfse · pronoun, reflexivereflexive particle of remplitremplitfillsremplir · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedewithde · prepositionpreposition marking soupirsleurstheirleur · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of soupirssoupirssighssoupir · noun, masculine, pluraloblique argument of remplitPlusMoreplus · adverbpart of the phrase plus d'und'thande · prepositionpart of the phrase plus d'ununoneun · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of viendra (l7)plus d'un, "more than one," a fixed idiom for "many a one."
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Will no longer come to seek the fragrant soup,
Nenone · adverbnegation with viendra...plusviendrawill comevenir · verb, future, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence (subject: plus d'un, l6)pluslongerplus · adverbnegation with nechercherto seekchercher · verb, infinitivecomplement of viendralathele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of soupesoupesoupsoupe · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of chercherparfuméefragrantparfumé · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies soupe - 36
By the fireside, in the evening, beside a beloved soul.
AuBy theà+le · contraction (preposition + determiner), masculine, singularpreposition marking coincoincornercoin · noun, masculine, singularoblique argument of chercher (l7)duof thede+le · contraction (preposition + determiner), masculine, singularpreposition marking feufeufirefeu · noun, masculine, singularmodifies coinlethele · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of soirsoireveningsoir · noun, masculine, singularappositive, time adjunctauprèsbesideauprès · adverbpart of the phrase auprès ded'ofde · prepositionpart of the phrase auprès deuneaun · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of âmeâmesoulâme · noun, feminine, singularoblique argument of auprèsaiméebelovedaimer · verb, past participle, feminine, singularmodifies âme - 37
And yet most of them have never even known
EncoreAnd yetencore · adverbmodifies the clauselathele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of plupartplupartmostplupart · noun, feminine, singularantecedent of ilsn'neverne · adverbnegation with ont...jamaisonthaveavoir · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralauxiliary of connu-ilstheyil · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of ont connujamaisevenjamais · adverbnegation with n'connuknownconnaître · verb, past participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentence - 38
The sweetness of home and have never lived!
LaThele · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of douceurdouceursweetnessdouceur · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of connu (s4-l1)duofde+le · contraction (preposition + determiner), masculine, singularpreposition marking foyerfoyerhomefoyer · noun, masculine, singularmodifies douceuretandet · conjunctionlinks the coordinationn'neverne · adverbnegation with ont...jamaisonthaveavoir · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralauxiliary of vécujamaiseverjamais · adverbnegation with n'véculivedvivre · verb, past participle, masculine, singularcoordinated with connu (s4-l1)
The particulars
- The text
- Les Fleurs du mal, Charles Baudelaire. Parisian Scenes.
- Translation
- Public-domain French (Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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- Every word of the text, by letter.
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