Japanese · Botchan
四
Chapter 4
Tap a sentence to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.
- 1
The school has night duty, and the staff take turns doing it.
学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of あっにatに · particleparticle marking 学校は(particle)は · particleparticle marking 学校宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of あっが(particle)が · particleparticle marking 宿直あっthere isある · verbadverbial clause on つとめるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっ職員staff職員 · nounsubject of つとめるが(particle)が · particleparticle marking 職員代る代るby turns代る代る · adverbmodifies つとめるこれitこれ · pronoundirect object of つとめるを(particle)を · particleparticle marking これつとめるperformつとめる · verbmain verb of the sentence Except, naturally, the Badger and Red Shirt are exempt.
但しexcept但し · conjunctionlinks the coordination狸Badger狸 · proper nounconjoined subject with シャツとandと · particleparticle marking 狸赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 例外は(particle)は · particleparticle marking シャツ例外exempt例外 · nounhead of the phraseでareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 例外あるareある · verbpart of the phrase でWhen I asked why those two are let off this basic duty, I was told it's because of their senior-appointee status.
何what何 · pronounoblique complement of 免かれる何で here forms the idiom 'why'
でforで · particleparticle marking 何このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 両人両人two両人 · nounsubject of 免かれるが(particle)が · particleparticle marking 両人当然basic当然 · adjectivemodifies 義務のofの · particleparticle marking 当然義務duty義務 · noundirect object of 免かれるを(particle)を · particleparticle marking 義務免かれるare exempted免れる · verbclausal complement of 聞い免かれる is an older okurigana spelling of 免れる
のthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 免かれるか(particle)か · particleintroduces the clause of 免かれると(particle)と · particleparticle marking 免かれる聞いasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い奏任senior-appointee奏任 · nouncompound with 待遇待遇status待遇 · nounadverbial clause on 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 待遇からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 待遇と(particle)と · particleparticle marking 待遇云うsay云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceNot funny in the least.
面白くfunny面白い · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないもevenも · particleparticle marking 面白くないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseThey rake in fat salaries, work short hours, and dodge night duty besides — is that fair or what?
月給salary月給 · nounsubject of とるは(particle)は · particleparticle marking 月給たくさんa lotたくさん · adverbmodifies とるとるtakeとる · verbadverbial clause on 少ない時間hours時間 · nounsubject of 少ないは(particle)は · particleparticle marking 時間少ないshort少ない · adjectiveadverbial clause on あるそれthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of 逃がれるでsoで · particleparticle marking それ宿直night duty宿直 · noundirect object of 逃がれるを(particle)を · particleparticle marking 宿直逃がれるdodge逃れる · verbadverbial clause on ある逃がれる is an older okurigana spelling of 逃れる
なんてsuch asなんて · particleintroduces the clause of 逃がれる不un-不 · nouncompound with 公平公平fair公平 · nounsubject of あるが(particle)が · particleparticle marking 公平あるisある · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseか(particle)か · particleparticle marking ものThey cook up whatever rules suit them and wear a face like it's only natural.
勝手arbitrary勝手 · adjectiveclause modifying 規則なthatだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勝手規則rules規則 · noundirect object of こしらえを(particle)を · particleparticle marking 規則こしらえmake upこしらえる · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of こしらえそれitそれ · pronounsubject of 当り前が(particle)が · particleparticle marking それ当り前natural当り前 · adjectiveclause modifying 顔だisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 当り前と(particle)と · particleparticle marking 当り前いうsayいう · verbpart of the phrase とようlikeよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いうなthatだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いう顔face顔 · noundirect object of しを(particle)を · particleparticle marking 顔しwearする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てI don't know how anyone gets that shameless.
よくreallyよく · adverbmodifies まあまあwellまあ · adverbmodifies ずうずうしくあんなthatあんな · adjectiveadverbial clause on ずうずうしくにsoに · particleparticle marking あんなずうずうしくshamelessずうずうしい · adjectiveclause modifying もの出来るcan出来る · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ずうずうしくものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものI've got plenty to grumble about on this score, but according to Porcupine, no amount of one-man griping ever gets you anywhere.
これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 不平にaboutに · particleparticle marking これついregardingつく · verbpart of the phrase にてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase には(particle)は · particleparticle marking これ大分quite a bit大分 · adverbmodifies 不平不平discontented不平 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 通るでamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 不平あるamある · verbpart of the phrase でがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 不平山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounmodifies 説のofの · particleparticle marking 山嵐説account説 · nounoblique complement of 通るにaccording toに · particleparticle marking 説よるaccordingよる · verbpart of the phrase にとtoと · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase にいくらhowever muchいくら · nounmodifies 通る一人alone一人 · nounoblique complement of 並べでbyで · particleparticle marking 一人不平complaints不平 · noundirect object of 並べを(particle)を · particleparticle marking 不平並べline up並べる · verbadverbial clause on 通るたってeven ifたって · particleintroduces the clause of 並べ通るget through通る · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃそうI hearそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ものだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものSeems to me if a thing's right, it ought to carry whether one person says it or two.
一人one person一人 · nouncoordinated with 二人だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 一人ってeven ifって · auxiliary verbintroduces the clause of 一人二人two people二人 · nouncoordinated with 一人だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 二人ってeven ifって · particleintroduces the clause of 二人正しいright正しい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on 通りならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事通りcarry通る · verbclause modifying ものそうseemそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 通りなthatだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 通りものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものPorcupine quoted some English at me — "might is right" — to lecture me, and since I couldn't quite follow it, I asked him what it meant, and it turns out it's "the right of the strong."
山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounsubject of 加えはtopicは · particleparticle marking 山嵐mightmightmight · nounpart of the quoted phrase 'might is right'isisis · verbpart of the quoted phrase 'might is right'rightrightRight · nounpart of the quoted phrase 'might is right'とthatと · particleparticle marking rightいうcalledいう · verbpart of the phrase と英語English英語 · noundirect object of 引いをobjectを · particleparticle marking 英語引いquoted引く · verbadverbial clause on 加えてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 引い説諭a lecture説諭 · noundirect object of 加えをobjectを · particleparticle marking 説諭加えgave加える · verbadverbial clause on 得た-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 加えがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 加え何somehow何 · pronounadverbial clause on 得だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かor somethingか · particleintroduces the clause of 何何だか together means 'somehow, for some reason'.
要領the gist要領 · noundirect object of 得をobjectを · particleparticle marking 要領得grasp得る · verbclause modifying 意味ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 得からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 得聞きasked聞く · verbclause modifying 権利返しback返す · verbclause modifying 権利てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返しみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返し強者the strong強者 · nounmodifies 権利のofの · particleparticle marking 強者権利right権利 · nounmodifies 意味とthatと · particleparticle marking 権利云うmeans言う · verbpart of the phrase と意味meaning意味 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 意味そうapparentlyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 意味だI hearだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 意味I've known about the right of the strong since way back.
強者the strong強者 · nounmodifies 権利のofの · particleparticle marking 強者権利right権利 · nounoblique complement of 知っぐらいat leastぐらい · particleparticle marking 権利ならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 権利昔long ago昔 · nounoblique complement of 知っからsinceから · particleparticle marking 昔知っknown知る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知っいるhave beenいる · verbpart of the phrase てNo need for Porcupine to lecture me on it now.
今さらnow今さら · nouncompound with 山嵐山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounoblique complement of きかからfromから · particleparticle marking 山嵐講釈a lecture講釈 · noundirect object of きかをobjectを · particleparticle marking 講釈きかhearきく · verbmain verb of the sentenceなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きかてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of きかもevenも · particlepart of the phrase ていいfineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てThe right of the strong and night duty are two different matters.
強者the strong強者 · nounmodifies 権利のofの · particleparticle marking 強者権利right権利 · nounconjoined with 宿直 via ととandと · particleparticle marking 権利宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of 問題とandと · particleparticle marking 宿直はtopicは · particleparticle marking 宿直別different別 · nouncompound with 問題問題matter問題 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 問題Who on earth would grant that the Badger or Red Shirt are the strong?
狸Badger狸 · proper nounconjoined with シャツ via ややandや · particleparticle marking 狸赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 強者がsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツ強者the strong強者 · nounadverbial clause on ものだareだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 強者なんてthe idea thatなんて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 強者誰who誰 · pronounsubject of 承知がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 誰承知agree承知 · verbclause modifying ものするwouldする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 承知ものsuch a thingもの · nounhead of the phraseかnever!か · particleparticle marking ものものか is a rhetorical negation: 'as if!/no way!'
Argument aside, this round of night duty finally rolled around to me.
議論argument議論 · nounsubject of 廻っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 議論議論argument議論 · nounoblique complement of おれとasと · particleparticle marking 議論しtreatingする · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase とてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase とこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 宿直宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of おれがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 宿直いよいよfinallyいよいよ · adverbmodifies おれおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 番のofの · particleparticle marking おれ番turn番 · nounoblique complement of 廻っにtoに · particleparticle marking 番廻っrolled around回る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 廻っ来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 廻っBeing high-strung by nature, I can't feel properly asleep unless I'm lying easy in my own bedding.
一体fundamentally一体 · adverbcompound with 性疳nervous疳 · nouncompound with 性性temperament性 · nounadverbial clause on 寝だamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 性からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 性夜具bedclothes夜具 · nouncompound with 蒲団蒲団futon蒲団 · nounoblique complement of 寝などsuch asなど · particleparticle marking 蒲団はtopicは · particleparticle marking 蒲団自分my own自分 · nounmodifies もののofの · particleparticle marking 自分ものthingsもの · nounoblique complement of 寝へinへ · particleparticle marking もの楽comfortably楽 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 寝に-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 楽寝sleep寝る · verbadverbial clause on 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝とifと · particleparticle marking 寝寝slept寝る · verbadverbial clause on した-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝ようlikeよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝な-likeだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounmodifies しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 心持ちしfeelする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しEven as a child I hardly ever stayed over at a friend's house.
小供a child子供 · nounmodifies 時のofの · particleparticle marking 小供時the time時 · nounoblique complement of ないからsinceから · particleparticle marking 時友達a friend's友達 · nounmodifies うちのofの · particleparticle marking 友達うちhouseうち · nounoblique complement of 泊っへatへ · particleparticle marking うち泊っstayed泊る · verbclause modifying 事た-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 泊っ事times事 · nounsubject of ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事ほとんどhardlyほとんど · adverbmodifies ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseくらいso much thatくらい · particleparticle marking ないだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ないIf I hate staying even at a friend's house, I hate night duty at school all the more.
友達a friend's友達 · nounmodifies うちのofの · particleparticle marking 友達うちhouseうち · nounoblique complement of 厭でatで · particleparticle marking うちさえevenさえ · particleparticle marking うち厭hate it厭 · adjectiveclause modifying 厭ならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 厭学校school学校 · nounmodifies 宿直のofの · particleparticle marking 学校宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of 厭はtopicは · particleparticle marking 宿直なおさらall the moreなおさら · adverbmodifies 厭厭hateful厭 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 厭Hate it as I do, though, if this is part of what earns the forty yen, there's no help for it.
厭hateful厭 · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 厭けれどthoughけれど · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 厭もyetも · particleparticle marking 厭これthisこれ · pronounsubject of 円がsubjectが · particleparticle marking これ四十forty四十 · numeralcompound with 円円yen円 · nounmodifies うちのofの · particleparticle marking 円うちpartうち · nounoblique complement of 籠っへintoへ · particleparticle marking うち籠っcounted籠る · verbadverbial clause on ないてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 籠っいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 籠っ仕方help仕方 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕方ないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseI'll grit my teeth and do the job.
我慢endure我慢 · verbadverbial clause on 勤めしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 我慢てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 我慢勤めdo the job勤める · verbadverbial clause on やろうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勤めやろうI'll do itやる · verbmain verb of the sentence- 2
Sitting there alone after both teachers and pupils have gone home for the day, gawking at nothing, is a pretty vacant way to spend an evening.
教師teachers教師 · nounsubject of 帰っもalsoも · particleparticle marking 教師生徒pupils生徒 · nounsubject of 帰っもalsoも · particleparticle marking 生徒帰っgone home帰る · verbclause modifying あとてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っしまっcompletelyしまう · verbpart of the phrase てた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 帰っあとafterあと · nounclause modifying ものでatで · particleparticle marking あと一人alone一人 · nounmodifies しぽかんblanklyぽかん · nounmodifies しと-lyと · particleparticle marking ぽかんしbeingする · verbclause modifying のてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるstillいる · verbpart of the phrase てのthe actの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しはtopicは · particleparticle marking し随分quite随分 · adverbmodifies 抜け間the gap間 · nounsubject of 抜け間が抜ける is an idiom for 'vacant, scatterbrained'.
がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 間抜けslipped out抜ける · verbclause modifying ものた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 抜けものa thingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もの The night-duty room is a single room at the western end of the dormitory, behind the classrooms.
宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounsubject of だはtopic markerは · particletopic marker教場classrooms教場 · nounmodifies 裏手のofの · particlepossessive marker裏手back裏手 · nounoblique complement of あるにatに · particlelocative markerあるis locatedある · verbclause modifying 舎寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 舎舎hall舎 · nounmodifies はずれのofの · particlepossessive marker西west西 · nouncompound with はずれはずれedgeはずれ · nounmodifies 一室のofの · particlepossessive marker一室single room一室 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 一室I stepped in for a look, but the west sun was blazing straight into it — unbearable.
ちょっとbrieflyちょっと · adverbmodifies はいっはいっwent inはいる · verbadverbial clause on 受けてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっ西日west sun西日 · noundirect object of 受けをobject markerを · particleobject markerまともdirectlyまとも · adjectiveadverbial clause on 受けに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of まとも受けreceiving受ける · verbadverbial clause on 居たたまれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 受け苦しくpainful苦しい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 居たたまれってandって · particleintroduces the clause of 苦しく居たたまれbear staying居たたまれる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居たたまれJust as you'd expect in the country, the heat takes its time leaving even after autumn comes.
田舎countryside田舎 · nounoblique complement of あっだけas befitsだけ · particleparticle marking 田舎あっbeingある · verbadverbial clause on 暑いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっ秋autumn秋 · nounsubject of きがsubject markerが · particlesubject markerきcomesくる · verbadverbial clause on 暑いてthoughて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of きもevenも · particleparticle marking き気長unhurried気長 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 暑いに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 気長暑いhot暑い · adjectiveclause modifying もんもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんI had the students' kitchen send up supper, and I was floored by how bad it was.
生徒students生徒 · nounmodifies 賄のofの · particlepossessive marker賄kitchen賄 · noundirect object of 取りをobject markerを · particleobject marker取りtook取る · verbadverbial clause on 済ましよせdeliveredよせる · verbadverbial clause on 済ましてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of よせ晩飯supper晩飯 · noundirect object of 済ましをobject markerを · particleobject marker済ましfinished済ます · verbadverbial clause on 恐れた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 済ましがandが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済ましまずいbad-tastingまずい · adjectiveoblique complement of 恐れにatに · particleparticle marking まずいはtopic markerは · particletopic marker恐れwas floored恐れる · verbmain verb of the sentence入っutterly入る · verbadverbial clause on 恐れた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入っTo think they eat that stuff and still have the energy to run riot the way they do.
よくreallyよく · adverbmodifies ものあんなsuchあんな · adjectiveclause modifying ものものstuffもの · noundirect object of 食っをobject markerを · particleobject marker食っeating食う · verbadverbial clause on 暴れてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食っあれthatあれ · pronounoblique complement of 暴れだけso muchだけ · particleparticle marking あれにtoに · particleparticle marking あれ暴れrampage暴れる · verbclause modifying もんられcouldられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 暴れた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 暴れもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんAnd they bolt supper down and clear it away by half past four — they must be made of sterner stuff than me.
それthatそれ · conjunctionlinks the coordinationでsoで · particlepart of the phrase それ晩飯supper晩飯 · noundirect object of 急いをobject markerを · particleobject marker急いhurrying急ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 片付けでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 急い四four四 · numeralcompound with 半時o'clock時 · nouncompound with 半半half past半 · nounoblique complement of 片付けにatに · particleparticle marking 半片付けclear away片付ける · verbadverbial clause on ないてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 片付けしまうcompletelyしまう · verbpart of the phrase てんyou seeん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 片付けだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 片付け豪傑stalwart豪傑 · nounoblique complement of 違いにasに · particleparticle marking 豪傑違いdoubt違い · nounoblique complement of ないないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseI'd eaten, but it wasn't dark yet, so I couldn't very well go to bed.
飯meal飯 · nounsubject of 食っはtopic markerは · particletopic marker食っate食う · verbadverbial clause on 行かた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食っまだstillまだ · adverbmodifies 暮れ日daylight日 · nounsubject of 暮れがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker暮れget dark暮れる · verbclause modifying 訳ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 暮れからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 暮れ寝るsleep寝る · verbcompound with 訳訳reason訳 · nounoblique complement of 行かにtoに · particleparticle marking 訳行かgo行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かI got a hankering to go to the hot spring.
ちょっとa bitちょっと · adverbmodifies 行き温泉hot spring温泉 · nounoblique complement of 行きにtoに · particleparticle marking 温泉行きgo行く · verbadverbial clause on なったくwanted toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行きなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっWhether it's proper or not for someone on night duty to step out, I don't know, but sitting here cooped up like I'm serving a sentence is more than I can stand.
宿直night duty宿直 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleobject markerしdoingする · verbadverbial clause on 出るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し外outside外 · nounoblique complement of 出るへtoへ · particleparticle marking 外出るgo out出る · verbdepends on 事のnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizerはtopic markerは · particletopic markerいいgoodいい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on しらだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 事悪るいbad悪い · adjectiveclause modifying 事悪るい is an older spelling of standard 悪い.
事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on しらだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 事しらknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 逢うないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しらがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しらこうlike thisこう · adverbmodifies つくねんつくねんidlyつくねん · adverbadverbial clause on 逢うとasと · particleparticle marking つくねんしbeingする · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase とてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase と重heavy重 · nounadverbial clause on 同様禁錮imprisonment禁錮 · nouncompound with 重同様similar同様 · adjectiveclause modifying 憂目な-likeだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 同様憂目ordeal憂目 · nounoblique complement of 逢うにtoに · particleparticle marking 憂目逢うsuffer逢う · verbclause modifying もんのnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizerはtopic markerは · particletopic marker我慢endure我慢 · nounmodifies 出来るのsubject markerの · particlesubject marker出来るcan出来る · verbclause modifying もんもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃThe first day I came to the school, when I asked where the man on duty was, the janitor answered he'd stepped out on some errand, and I thought that was odd — but now that my own turn has come round, I understand.
始めfirst初め · nounmodifies 来始め here is the historical kanji for 初め, forming 初めて "for the first time," not the verb 始める "to begin."
てtimeて · suffixcompound with 始め学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 聞いた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来時when時 · nounadverbial clause on 聞い当直on duty当直 · nounmodifies 人のofの · particlepossessive marker人man人 · nounclausal complement of 聞いはtopic markerは · particletopic markerとquote markerと · particleparticle marking 人聞いasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on 答えたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いちょっとbrieflyちょっと · adverbmodifies 出用達errand用達 · nounoblique complement of 出にonに · particleparticle marking 用達出stepped out出る · verbclausal complement of 思った-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出とquote markerと · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 出小使janitor小使 · nounsubject of 答えがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker答えanswered答える · verbdepends on 妙た-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えのnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizerをobject markerを · particleobject marker妙odd妙 · adjectiveclausal complement of 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 妙思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 思いた-edた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ自分myself自分 · nounoblique complement of 廻っにtoに · particleparticle marking 自分番turn番 · nounsubject of 廻っがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker廻っcomes around廻る · verbclausal complement of 思いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 廻っみるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · particleparticle marking 廻っ思いcome to思う · verbclause modifying 当る当るrealize当る · verbhead of the phraseStepping out is the right thing to do.
出るgoing out出る · verbclause modifying 方方way方 · nounsubject of 正しいがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker正しいright正しい · adjectivehead of the phraseのnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizerだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のI told the janitor I was just popping out for a bit, and he asked what business I had, so I said it wasn't business, I was going to the bath, and off I marched.
は(topic)は · particleparticle marking おれ小使the janitor小使 · nounindirect object of 云っにtoに · particleparticle marking 小使ちょっとfor a bitちょっと · adverbmodifies 出出step out出る · verbclausal complement of 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionlinks 出 to くるくるcome backくる · verbpart of the phrase て出てくる 'pop out (and back)' — a temporary errand, not a departure.
とthatと · particlequotative particle marking the quoted clause云っtold云う · verbadverbial clause on 聞くたらwhenたら · auxiliary verb (conditional)conditional auxiliary of 云っ何what何 · pronounmodifies 用かsomeか · particleforms indefinite pronoun with 何ご(honorific)ご · nouncompound with 用用business用 · nouncomplement of ですですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 用か(question)か · particlequestion particle ending the quoteとthatと · particlequotative particle introducing the quote to 聞く聞くasks聞く · verbadverbial clause on 答えからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞く用business用 · nouncomplement of じゃ ない, quoted content of 答えじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 用ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃ温泉the bath温泉 · nounoblique complement of はいるへtoへ · particleparticle marking 温泉はいるgoing inはいる · verbverb of the clause quoted by 答えん(explanatory)の · particle (nominalizer)explanatory nominalizer on はいるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んとthatと · particlequotative particle introducing the quote to 答え答えanswered答える · verbadverbial clause on 掛けてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 答えさっさとbrisklyさっさと · adverbmodifies 出出out出る · verbcomponent of 出掛け (with 掛け)掛けset off出掛ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けToo bad I left my red hand-towel back at my lodgings, but never mind — I'll borrow one there today.
赤red赤 · nouncompound with 手拭手拭hand-towel手拭 · nounsubject of 残念は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 手拭宿lodgings宿 · nounoblique complement of 忘れへatへ · particleparticle marking 宿忘れleft behind忘れる · verbdepends on 残念てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 忘れ来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来のthe factの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 忘れてきた as subject of 残念が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 忘れ残念too bad残念 · adjectivepredicate describing 手拭だisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 残念がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 残念今日today今日 · nountime adverbial of 借りるは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 今日先方there先方 · nounoblique complement of 借りるでatで · particleparticle marking 先方借りるborrow借りる · verbadverbial clause on しようとtoと · particleparticle marking 借りるしようwillする · verbmain verb of the sentence- 3
After a good leisurely stretch of going in and out of the water, evening finally came on, so I took the train to Old Town station and got off there.
それthatそれ · pronounlinks the coordinationからthenから · particlepart of the phrase それかなりquiteかなり · adverbmodifies ゆるりゆるりleisurelyゆるり · adverboblique complement of しと(adv. marker)と · particleadverbializer on ゆるり出going out出る · verbadverbial clause on したりbothたり · particleintroduces the clause of 出はenteringはいる · verbpart of the verb はいる (with いっ)はいったり is one word (from はいる 'enter'); the tokenizer split it into は + いっ, not the topic particle は.
いっ(cont.)はいる · verbpart of the verb はいる (with は)たりandたり · particleintroduces the clause of はいる (with 出たり)しdidする · verbadverbial clause on なってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しようやくfinallyようやく · adverbmodifies なっ日暮evening日暮れ · nouncompound with 方方time方 · nounoblique complement of なっにtoに · particleparticle marking 方なっcame onなる · verbadverbial clause on 下りた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっ汽車train汽車 · nounoblique complement of 乗っへontoへ · particleparticle marking 汽車乗っtook乗る · verbadverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 乗っ古町Old Town古町 · proper nounmodifies 場のofの · particleparticle marking 古町停車stop停車 · nouncompound with 場停車 literally means 'stopping (of a vehicle)'; combined with 場 it forms 停車場 'station'. 'train' is not the word's own meaning.
場station場 · nounoblique complement of 来までtoまで · particleparticle marking 場来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 下りてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来下りgot off下りる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 下り From there it is four chō to the school.
学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 丁までtoまで · particleparticle marking 学校は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 学校これhereこれ · pronounadverbial complement (これから = from here)からfromから · particleparticle marking これ四four四 · numeralquantifies 丁丁blocks丁 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 丁Nothing to it, I thought, and set off on foot, when the Badger came toward me.
訳sense訳 · nounsubject of ないは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 訳ないisn'tない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出すとsoと · particleparticle marking ないあるきwalkingあるく · verbadverbial clause on 出す出すstarted出す · verbadverbial clause on 来とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出す向うthe other direction向う · nounoblique complement of 来からfromから · particleparticle marking 向う狸the Badger狸 · proper nounsubject of 来が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 狸来came来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来He was probably headed for the same train, off to the hot spring.
狸the Badger狸 · proper nounsubject of 行こうは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 狸これnowこれ · pronounadverbial complement (これから = from now)からfromから · particleparticle marking これこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 汽車汽車train汽車 · nounoblique complement of 行こうでonで · particleparticle marking 汽車温泉hot spring温泉 · nounoblique complement of 行こうへtoへ · particleparticle marking 温泉行こうgo行く · verbclause modifying 計画とthatと · particleparticle marking 行こう云うcalled云う · verbrelativizes 行こう into 計画行こうという計画: 云う here retains its 'say/call' sense (a plan called/described as 'let's go'), not a bare preposition 'of'.
計画plan計画 · nounhead of the phraseなisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 計画ん(explanatory)の · particle (nominalizer)explanatory nominalizer on 計画だろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んHe came bustling along at a clip, and when we passed each other and he caught sight of my face, I gave him a little bow.
すたすたbrisklyすたすた · adverbclause modifying 急ぎ足急ぎ足quick pace急ぎ足 · nounoblique complement of やっにatに · particleparticle marking 急ぎ足やっcameやる · verbverb of the first clause (connects via が)てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっきalongくる · verbpart of the phrase やっ (やってきた = came along)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きがandが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっ擦れpassing擦れる · verbcompound with 違っ (forms 擦れ違う)違っeach other擦れ違う · verbclause modifying 時た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 違っ時when時 · nountemporal clause modifying 見おれmyおれ · nounpossessive modifier of 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 見を(object)を · particleparticle marking 顔見saw見る · verbadverbial clause on した(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見ちょっとa littleちょっと · adverbmodifies し挨拶bow挨拶 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 挨拶しgaveする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しWhereupon the Badger, looking terribly earnest, asked whether I wasn't on night duty today.
するthenする · verbpart of the conjunction すると (with と)とupon thatと · subordinating conjunctionpart of the conjunction すると (with する)狸the Badger狸 · proper nounsubject of 真面目くさっは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 狸あなたyouあなた · pronounsubject of the quoted question (宿直ではなかった)は(topic)は · particleparticle marking あなた今日today今日 · nounoblique complement of 宿直は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 今日宿直night duty宿直 · nounpredicate complement of で(は)ない (quoted clause)でisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直は(topic)は · particlepart of the phrase でなかっnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase でた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 宿直ですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直か(question)か · particleintroduces the clause of 宿直ねえehねえ · particleintroduces the clause of 宿直とthatと · particleparticle marking 宿直真面目くさっlooking earnest真面目くさる · verbclausal complement of 聞いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 真面目くさっ聞いasked聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い"Wasn't I" — as if he didn't know.
なかっwasn'tない · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なかっですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なかっか(question)か · particleintroduces the clause of なかっねえehねえ · particlequoted phrase, marked by もねえ is the same sentence-final interjection as elsewhere ('eh/right?'), not the complementizer 'that' (that role belongs to と, a different token).
もevenも · particleparticle marking ねえないisn'tない · adjectiveclause modifying もんもんthe ideaもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんTwo hours earlier he'd said to me, "Tonight's your first night duty, isn't it?
二two二 · numeralcompound with 前時間hours時間 · nouncompound with 前前earlier前 · nounoblique complement of 向っおれmeおれ · nounoblique complement of 向っにtoに · particleparticle marking おれ向っturned向う · verbadverbial, introduces facing おれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 向っ今夜tonight今夜 · nounsubject-topic of 宿直 (predicate)は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 今夜始めfirst初めて · adverbmodifies 宿直 (first time)て(cont.)初めて · adverbpart of the word 始めて (with 始め)のofの · particleparticle marking 始めて宿直night duty宿直 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直ねright?ね · particleintroduces the clause of 宿直Good luck with it" —
ご(honorific)ご · nouncompound with さま苦労good luck苦労 · nouncompound with さまさま(honorific)さま · nounhead of the phrase— thanking me for it, no less.
とthatと · particlequotative particle referencing the prior quote礼thanks礼 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 礼云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っじゃisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っじゃ is だ ('is'); negation belongs to the following ない ('not'). Glossing じゃ as 'isn't' duplicates the negation onto both tokens.
ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃか(question)か · particleintroduces the clause of 云っGet to be a principal and you start using the most twisted language imaginable.
校長principal校長 · nounoblique complement of なるなんかlikeなんか · particleparticle marking 校長にtoに · particleparticle marking 校長なるbecomeなる · verbconditional clause modifying 使うとonceと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なるいやawfullyいや · adjectivemodifies 曲りくねったに(adv. marker)に · particleadverbializer of いや曲りtwisted曲る · verbclause modifying 言葉くねっwinding曲りくねる · verbclause modifying 言葉た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of くねっ言葉language言葉 · noundirect object of 使うを(object)を · particleparticle marking 言葉使うuse使う · verbclause modifying もんもんthe way it isもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんIt made me angry, so I said, "Yes, I'm on night duty.
おれIおれ · noundepends on 立っはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ腹belly腹 · nounsubject of 立っがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 腹立っflared up立つ · verbadverbial clause on です腹が立つ is idiomatic for 'get angry.'
た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 立っええyesええ · interjectioninterjection before 宿直です宿直night duty宿直 · nounhead of the phraseですamです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直Since I'm on duty, I will certainly be back to sleep there tonight," I flung at him, and stalked off.
宿直night duty宿直 · nounadverbial clause on 泊りですamです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 宿直これnowこれ · pronounoblique complement of 帰っこれから = 'from now on.'
からfromから · particleparticle marking これ帰っgo back帰る · verbadverbial clause on 泊るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ泊るstay overnight泊る · verbclause modifying 事事matter事 · nounsubject of 泊りはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 事たしかcertainたしか · adjectiveadverbial clause on 泊りに-lyに · particleadverbial particle on たしか泊りwill stay泊る · verbclausal complement of 云います(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 泊りとquote markerと · particleparticle marking 泊り云いflung out云う · verbadverbial clause on 済まし捨てcast off捨てる · verbadverbial clause on 済ましてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 捨て済ましsettled it済ます · verbadverbial clause on あるきてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済ましあるきwalkedあるく · verbadverbial clause on 出し出しstarted出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しBy the time I reached the crossroads at Tatemachi, this time I ran smack into Porcupine.
竪町Tatemachi竪町 · nounmodifies 四つ角の'sの · particleparticle marking 竪町四つ角crossroads四つ角 · nounoblique complement of くるまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 四つ角くるcame来る · verbadverbial clause on 出とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of くる今度this time今度 · nounoblique complement of 出はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 今度山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounoblique complement of 出にintoに · particleparticle marking 山嵐出(compound)出る · verbadverbial clause on 喰わし出っ喰わす (also 出っくわす) is a set compound meaning 'bump into, run into'; the sense lands on 喰わし.
っ(compound)っ · particlecompound with 喰わし喰わしran into喰わす · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 喰わしWhat a cramped little town this is.
どうreallyどう · adverbmodifies 狭いも(intensifier)も · particleparticle marking どう狭いcramped狭い · adjectiveclause modifying 所所place所 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 所Step outside at all and you're bound to run into someone.
出go out出る · verbadverbial clause on すれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出あるwalkあるく · verbpart of the phrase てある + き here are the tagger's mis-split of あるき, the stem of あるく 'to walk.'
き(cont.)あるく · verbadverbial clause on すれさえevenさえ · particleparticle marking きすれdoする · verbadverbial clause on 逢うばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of すれ必ずsurely必ず · adverbmodifies 誰誰someone誰 · pronounoblique complement of 逢うかsome-か · particleparticle marking 誰にwithに · particleparticle marking 誰逢うmeet逢う · verbmain verb of the sentence"Hey, aren't you on night duty?" he asked, and I said, "Yeah, I'm on duty," and he said, "It's pretty irregular for someone on duty to go wandering around like this."
おいheyおい · interjectioncompound with 君君you君 · nounsubject of 宿直はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 君宿直night duty宿直 · nounadverbial clause on 聞くじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃか?か · particleintroduces the clause of 宿直とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 宿直聞くasked聞く · verbadverbial clause on 答えからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞くうんyeahうん · interjectionmodifies 宿直宿直night duty宿直 · nounadverbial clause on 答えだamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 宿直とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 宿直答えanswered答える · verbadverbial clause on 云ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答え宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of 出がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 宿直無暗recklessly無暗 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出に-lyに · particleadverbial particle on 無暗出go out出る · verbadverbial clause on あるくてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出あるくwalk aroundあるく · verbadverbial clause on 云っなんてthe idea ofなんて · particleintroduces the clause of あるく不not不 · nouncompound with 都合都合convenient都合 · nounadverbial clause on 云っじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 都合ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃか?か · particleintroduces the clause of 都合とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 都合云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ"Not irregular in the least — it'd be more irregular not to go out," I answered, putting on a brave front.
ちっともnot at allちっとも · adverbcompound with 都合不not不 · nouncompound with 都合都合convenient都合 · nounclause modifying もんなthat isだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 都合もんthingもの · nounoblique complement of 威張っかhardly!か · particleparticle marking もん出go out出る · verbclause modifying 方てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出あるwalkあるく · verbpart of the phrase てかないnotあるく · verbclause modifying 方方case方 · nounsubject of 都合がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 方不not不 · nouncompound with 都合都合convenient都合 · nounadverbial clause on 威張っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 都合とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 都合威張っswaggered威張る · verbadverbial clause on みせてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 威張っみせfor showみせる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of みせ"You and your slapdash ways — it'll be trouble if you run into the principal or the vice-principal," he said, sounding quite unlike himself, so I told him, "I already ran into the principal just now. The principal praised my walk. He said, 'In this heat, night duty must be hard unless you get out for a stroll.'" — and, too bothered to say more, I hurried straight back to school.
君your君 · nounmodifies ずぼらの'sの · particleparticle marking 君ずぼらslapdash waysずぼら · nounoblique complement of 困るにaboutに · particleparticle marking ずぼらもevenも · particleparticle marking ずぼら困るis a problem困る · verbadverbial clause on 逢っなhuhな · particleintroduces the clause of 困る校長principal校長 · nounmodifies 教頭かorか · particleparticle marking 校長教頭vice-principal教頭 · nounoblique complement of 出にintoに · particleparticle marking 教頭出(compound)出る · verbadverbial clause on 面倒出逢う 'to encounter' is a compound; the sense lands on 逢う.
逢うrun into逢う · verbadverbial clause on 面倒とifと · particleparticle marking 逢う面倒trouble面倒 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 面倒ぜyou knowぜ · particleintroduces the clause of 面倒とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 面倒山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · nounoblique complement of 似にtoに · particleparticle marking 山嵐似(compound)似る · verbclause modifying 事似合う 'to suit' is a compound; the sense lands on 合わ.
合わsuited合う · verbclause modifying 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 合わ事thing事 · noundirect object of 云うをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 逢っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う校長the principal校長 · nounoblique complement of 逢っにtoに · particleparticle marking 校長はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 校長たったjustたった · adverbmodifies 逢っ今now今 · adverbmodifies 逢っ逢っmet逢う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢っ暑いhot暑い · adjectivecompound with 時時time時 · nounoblique complement of しにatに · particleparticle marking 時はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 時散歩a walk散歩 · nounoblique complement of しでorで · particleparticle marking 散歩もevenも · particleparticle marking 散歩しdoする · verbclause modifying 骨ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し宿直night duty宿直 · nounsubject of 骨もtooも · particleparticle marking 宿直骨hard work骨 · nounadverbial clause on ほめでしょうmust beです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 骨とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 骨校長the principal校長 · nounsubject of ほめがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 校長おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 散歩の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ散歩walk散歩 · noundirect object of ほめをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 散歩ほめpraisedほめる · verbclausal complement of 云った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ほめよindeedよ · particleintroduces the clause of ほめとquote markerと · particleparticle marking ほめ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 帰ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ面倒臭いbothersome面倒臭い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 帰っからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 面倒臭いさっさとquicklyさっさと · adverbmodifies 帰っ学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 帰っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校帰っreturned帰る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ来back来る · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 帰っ- 4
After that, darkness falls fast.
それthatそれ · pronounlinks the coordinationからafterから · particleparticle marking それ日daylight日 · nounsubject of くれるはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 日すぐsoonすぐ · adverbmodifies くれるくれるfalls暮れる · verbmain verb of the sentence Once it was dark I called the janitor to the night-duty room and chatted with him for a couple of hours, but I got tired of that too, and though I couldn't sleep, I thought I'd get into bed anyway, so I changed into my nightclothes, rolled up the mosquito net, kicked off the red blanket, came down on my backside with a thump and lay back face up.
くれgrew dark暮れる · verbadverbial clause on 呼ん日が暮れる implied — 'once the day grew dark'.
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of くれからafterから · particleparticle marking くれ二two二 · numeralquantifies 時間時間hours時間 · nounoblique complement of 呼んばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 時間はas forは · particleparticle marking 時間小使the janitor小使 · noundirect object of 呼んを(object)を · particleparticle marking 小使宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 呼んへtoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋呼んcalled呼ぶ · verbadverbial clause on しでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 呼ん話talk話 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 話しdidする · verbadverbial clause on 飽きた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しそれthatそれ · pronounsubject of 飽きもtooも · particleparticle marking それ飽きgrew tired飽きる · verbadverbial clause on 思った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 飽きからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 飽き寝sleep寝る · verbadverbial clause on はいろうられcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝までevenまで · particleintroduces the clause of 寝もthoughも · particleparticle marking 寝床bed床 · nounoblique complement of はいろうへintoへ · particleparticle marking 床はいろうget inはいる · verbclausal complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking はいろう思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 捲くてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ寝巻nightclothes寝巻 · nounoblique complement of 着にintoに · particleparticle marking 寝巻着put on着る · verbadverbial clause on 捲く換えchanged換える · verbadverbial clause on 捲く着換える 'change clothes' split by the tagger; 着 carries the literal 'wear', 換え the contextual 'changed'.
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 換え蚊帳mosquito net蚊帳 · noundirect object of 捲くを(object)を · particleparticle marking 蚊帳捲くrolled up捲くる · verbadverbial clause on のけってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 捲く赤いred赤い · adjectiveclause modifying 毛布毛布blanket毛布 · noundirect object of のけを(object)を · particleparticle marking 毛布跳ねkicked跳ねる · verbadverbial clause on のけ跳ねのける 'kick off/away' split; 跳ね carries the literal kick, のけ the contextual 'off'.
のけoffのける · verbadverbial clause on 突いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of のけとんとwith a thumpとんと · adverbmodifies 突い尻backside尻 · nounoblique complement of 突い持prop持 · noundirect object of 突い尻持を突く is an idiom for dropping flat onto one's backside.
を(object)を · particleparticle marking 持突いthumped down突く · verbadverbial clause on なってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 突い仰向けface-up仰向け · nounoblique complement of なっにintoに · particleparticle marking 仰向けなっended upなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっThumping down on my backside when I go to bed has been a habit of mine since I was a boy.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 寝るが(subject)が · particleparticle marking おれ寝るsleep寝る · verbclause modifying ときときwhenとき · nounoblique complement of つくにatに · particleparticle marking ときとんとwith a thumpとんと · adverbmodifies つく尻backside尻 · nounoblique complement of つく持prop持 · noundirect object of つくを(object)を · particleparticle marking 持つくlandingつく · verbpredicate of the clause nominalized by ののthe act ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つくはas forは · particleparticle marking つく小供child子供 · nounmodifies 時の'sの · particleparticle marking 小供時time時 · nounmodifies 癖からsinceから · particleparticle marking 時の'sの · particleparticle marking 時癖habit癖 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 癖Once, when I was boarding in Ogawamachi, a law-school student living one floor below came up to complain that it was a bad habit.
わるいbadわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 癖癖habit癖 · nounclausal complement of 云っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 癖とthatと · particleparticle marking 癖云っsaid言う · verbadverbial clause on 居云う is the older kanji for 言う 'to say'; modern standard headword used as lemma.
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ小川Ogawa小川 · proper nouncompound with 町町town町 · nounmodifies 下宿の'sの · particleparticle marking 町下宿boarding house下宿 · nounoblique complement of 居にatに · particleparticle marking 下宿居was living居る · verbclause modifying 時分た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居時分time時分 · nounoblique complement of 事二two二 · numeralcompound with 下階floor階 · nouncompound with 下下below下 · nounoblique complement of 居にatに · particleparticle marking 下居was living居る · verbclause modifying 学校た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居法律law法律 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounmodifies 書生の'sの · particleparticle marking 学校書生student書生 · nounsubject of 事が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 書生苦情complaint苦情 · noundirect object of 持ちを(object)を · particleparticle marking 苦情持ちbrought持つ · verbclause modifying 事込んin込む · verbclause modifying 事だ(past)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込ん事matter事 · nounhead of the phraseが(subject)が · particlepart of the phrase 事あるthere wasある · verbpart of the phrase 事Law students, for all that they're weaklings, have such a slick way with words, and this one went on and on about some nonsense, so I told him — the racket when I go to bed at night isn't my backside's fault.
法律law法律 · nounmodifies 書生の'sの · particleparticle marking 法律書生students書生 · nounmodifies ものなんてthe likes ofなんて · particleparticle marking 書生ものsortもの · nounsubject of 弱いはas forは · particleparticle marking もの弱いweak弱い · adjectiveclause modifying 癖癖even though癖 · nounmodifies ものX癖に is an idiom: 'even though X'.
に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 癖やawfullyやに · adverbmodifies 達者やに 'terribly/awfully' was mis-split by the tagger into や + に.
に(particle)やに · adverbpart of やに口tongue口 · nounsubject of 達者が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 口達者glib達者 · adjectiveclause modifying ものな(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 達者ものsortもの · nounclause modifying 事でandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もの愚foolish愚 · adjectiveclause modifying 事な(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 愚事nonsense事 · nounhead of the phraseを(object)を · particleparticle marking 事長たらしくlong-windedly長たらしい · adverbmodifies 述べ立てる述べwent on述べる · verbcompound with 立てる立てるand on立てる · verbadverbial clause on するからsoから · particleparticle marking 立てる寝るgo to bed寝る · verbclause modifying 時時when時 · nounoblique complement of するにatに · particleparticle marking 時どんどんloudlyどんどん · adverbmodifies する音noise音 · nounsubject of するが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 音するoccursする · verbpredicate of the clause nominalized by ののthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of するはas forは · particleparticle marking するおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 尻の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ尻backside尻 · nounsubject of わるいが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 尻わるいat faultわるい · adjectivehead of the phraseのthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of わるいじゃisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のIt's the lodging house's shoddy construction that's to blame.
下宿the boarding house下宿 · nounmodifies 建築の'sの · particleparticle marking 下宿建築construction建築 · nounsubject of 粗末が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 建築粗末shoddy粗末 · adjectivehead of the phraseな(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 粗末んthe thing isん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 粗末だisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んIf you've got a complaint, take it up with the landlord, not me — and I sent him packing.
掛ケtake it up掛ける · verbclause modifying 下宿Katakana ケ is a Meiji-era typesetting convention for け; modern spelling is 掛け合う 'to negotiate/take up a matter with'.
合うwith (them)合う · verbclause modifying 下宿ならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 合う下宿the boarding house下宿 · nounoblique complement of 掛ケへwithへ · particleparticle marking 下宿掛ケtake it up掛ける · verbadverbial clause on 凹まし合えwith (them)合う · verbadverbial clause on 凹ましとthatと · particleparticle marking 合え凹ましput him down凹ます · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 凹ましやっdidやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっThis night-duty room isn't upstairs, so it doesn't matter how hard I come down with a thud.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 部屋宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounsubject of 階はas forは · particleparticle marking 部屋二second二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounpredicate complement of 部屋じゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 階ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 階いくらhowever muchいくら · nounmodifies 倒れどしんwith a thudどしん · adverbadverbial clause on 倒れと(particle)と · particleparticle marking どしん倒れcome down倒れる · verbadverbial clause on 構わて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 倒れもevenも · particleparticle marking 倒れ構わmatter構う · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 構わIf I don't flop down with real force it doesn't feel like I've properly gone to sleep.
なるべくas much as possibleなるべく · adverbmodifies 倒れ勢force勢 · nounoblique complement of 倒れよくwellよく · adverbmodifies 倒れ倒れflop down倒れる · verbadverbial clause on しないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 倒れとifと · particleparticle marking 倒れ寝sleep寝る · verbmodifies ようた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝ようas ifよう · auxiliary verbmodifies 心持ちな(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of よう心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounsubject of しが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 心持ちしcomesする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し"Ah, this is the life," I thought, stretching my legs out good and wide, when something jumped onto both my feet.
ああahああ · interjectioninterjection expressing feeling愉快wonderful愉快 · adjectival noun (na-adjective)predicate of the quoted thought, adverbial clause on 延ばすだisだ · auxiliary verb (copula)copula, predicate of 愉快とthinkingと · particlequotative particle marking the thought 愉快だ足legs足 · noundirect object of 延ばすをobjectを · particleobject marker of 足うんとway outうんと · adverbmodifies 延ばす延ばすstretch延ばす · verbverb of the と-clause, adverbial on 飛び付いとwhenと · particleconditional marker, introduces clause of 延ばす modifying 飛び付い何something何 · pronounpart of 何だか, subject of 飛び付いだisだ · auxiliary verb (copula)part of the idiom 何だかかor otherか · particlepart of the idiom 何だか (indefiniteness)何だか together means 'somehow, for some reason' — something unspecified.
両足both feet両足 · noungoal of 飛び付い, marked by へへontoへ · particledirection marker of 両足飛びjumped飛ぶ · verbfirst element of compound verb 飛び付く (main verb)付いand landed on付く · verbsecond element of compound verb 飛び付く, with 飛びた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 付いIt felt gritty, not at all like fleas, so I gave a start — what the devil — and shook my feet a couple of times inside the blanket.
ざらざらgrittyざらざら · adverb (mimetic)manner adverb with し (ざらざらする), clause modifying 驚ろいしfeltする · auxiliary verbverb する with ざらざら (feels gritty)てandて · particleconnects ざらざらして to the following clause蚤flea蚤 · nounmodifies ようのofの · particleattributive marker linking 蚤 to ようようlikeよう · nounpredicate noun (蚤のよう), negated by でもないでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula (converb) of ようもevenも · particleadds emphasis to でない (でもない)ないnotない · adjectivenegates よう...で, clause modifying 驚ろいからbecauseから · particlecausal marker, clause modifies 驚ろいこいつthis thingこいつ · pronountopic (colloquial こいつは), of the exclamation before 驚ろいあとwhat!あと · particletopic+quote marker (colloquial fusion of こいつは + と), introduces the exclamation modifying 驚ろいcolloquial contraction of は + と; the narrator exclaims 'what's this!' before being startled.
驚ろいwas startled驚く · verbadverbial clause (causal chain) on 振っ驚ろく is an older okurigana spelling of 驚く.
てandて · particleconnects 驚ろい to 振っ足feet足 · noundirect object of 振っをobjectを · particleobject marker of 足二三two or three二三 · numeralmodifies 度 (two or three)度times度 · noun (counter)counts times, modifies 振っ毛布blanket毛布 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleattributive marker linking 毛布 to 中中inside中 · nounlocation complement of 振っでatで · particlelocation marker of 中振っshook振る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · particleconnects 振っ to みみtriedみる · verbauxiliary (try) with 振った(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 振っThen whatever the gritty things were suddenly multiplied — five or six on my shins, two or three on my thighs, one squashed with a squish under my backside, one that leaped clean up to my navel — by now I was thoroughly alarmed.
するthat happeningする · verbforms the conjunction すると (then), introduces the sentenceとthenと · particleforms the conjunction すると with するざらざらgrittilyざらざら · adverb (mimetic)manner adverb modifying 当っとmannerと · particleadverbializing marker on ざらざら当っtouched当る · verbclause modifying ものた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 当っものthingsもの · nounsubject of 殖え出しがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of もの急suddenly急 · adjectival noun (na-adjective)predicate with に (急に), modifies 殖え出しに(adverbial)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer forming 急に殖えincreased殖える · verbpredicate of the first clause (脛が…股が…), adverbial chain toward 驚ろい出しbegan to出す · verbcompletive auxiliary with 殖え (殖え出す, 'began to multiply')てandて · particleconnects 殖え出し to the following clauses脛shins脛 · nounsubject of the カ所 predicateがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 脛五六five or six五六 · numeralmodifies カ所カ所placesカ所 · noun (counter)predicate counting 脛's locations股thighs股 · nounsubject of the カ所 predicateがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 股二三two or three二三 · numeralmodifies カ所カ所placesカ所 · noun (counter)predicate counting 股's locations尻backside尻 · nounmodifies 下のofの · particleattributive marker linking 尻 to 下下under下 · nounlocation complement of 踏み潰しでatで · particlelocation marker of 下ぐちゃりsquishilyぐちゃり · adverb (mimetic)manner adverb modifying 踏み潰しとmannerと · particleadverbializing marker on ぐちゃり踏みstepped踏む · verbfirst element of compound verb 踏み潰す, clause modifying つ潰しand crushed潰す · verbsecond element of compound verb 踏み潰す, with 踏みた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 潰しのoneの · particlenominalizer, turns 踏み潰したの into 'the one that...'がsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 潰したの一one一 · numeralquantifies つつthingつ · noun (counter)predicate, counts 踏み潰したの臍navel臍 · nounmodifies 所のofの · particleattributive marker linking 臍 to 所所place所 · noungoal complement of 飛び上がっまでup toまで · particleextent marker of 所飛びleapt飛ぶ · verbfirst element of compound verb 飛び上がる, clause modifying つ上がっand up上がる · verbsecond element of compound verb 飛び上がる, with 飛びた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 上がっのoneの · particlenominalizer, turns 飛び上がったの into 'the one that...'がsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 上がったの一one一 · numeralquantifies つつthingつ · noun (counter)predicate, counts 飛び上がったのいよいよat lastいよいよ · adverbmodifies 驚ろい驚ろいwas alarmed驚く · verbmain verb of the sentence驚ろく is an older okurigana spelling of 驚く.
た(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 驚ろいI sprang up at once, flung the blanket back behind me, and out from the bedding leaped fifty or sixty grasshoppers.
早速at once早速 · adverbmodifies 起き上っ起きsprang起きる · verbfirst element of compound verb 起き上る, adverbial clause on 抛る上っup上る · verbsecond element of compound verb 起き上る, with 起きてandて · particleconnects 起き上っ to 抛る毛布blanket毛布 · noundirect object of 抛るをobjectを · particleobject marker of 毛布ぱっwith a snapぱっ · adverb (mimetic)manner adverb modifying 抛るとmannerと · particleadverbializing marker on ぱっ後ろbehind後ろ · noungoal complement of 抛るへtoへ · particledirection marker of 後ろ抛るflung放る · verbmain verb of the clause, adverbial on 飛び出し抛る is an older character for 放る.
とwhenと · particleconditional marker, introduces clause of 抛る modifying 飛び出し蒲団bedding蒲団 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleattributive marker linking 蒲団 to 中中inside中 · nounsource complement of 飛び出しからfromから · particlesource marker of 中バッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounsubject of 飛び出しがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of バッタ五六十fifty or sixty五六十 · numeralmodifies バッタ (quantity)飛びleaped飛ぶ · verbfirst element of compound verb 飛び出す, main verb出しout出す · verbsecond element of compound verb 飛び出す, main verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 出しAs long as I didn't know what the things were, it was more than a little unnerving, but once I'd settled on "grasshoppers," I suddenly got furious.
正体true nature正体 · nounmodifies 知れ (subject-like)のsubjectの · particlesubject marker (attributive の) of 正体知れwas known知れる · verbclause modifying 時ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates 知れ時time時 · nountopic, time clause modifying 悪るかっはtopicは · particletopic marker of 時多少somewhat多少 · adverbmodifies 悪るかっ気味feeling気味 · nounsubject of 悪るかっがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 気味悪るかっwas unpleasant悪い · adjectivepredicate, contrastive clause on 立っ悪るい is an older okurigana spelling of 悪い.
た(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 悪るかっがbutが · particlecontrastive conjunction, introduces clause modifying 立っバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nouncomplement of 極まっ (with と)とasと · particleresult marker of バッタ相場conclusion相場 · nounsubject of 極まっがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 相場極まっsettled極まる · verbadverbial clause on 立ってandて · particleconnects 極まっ to みみtriedみる · verbauxiliary (try) with 極まったらonceたら · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of 極まっ急suddenly急 · adjectival noun (na-adjective)predicate with に (急に), modifies 立っに(adverbial)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer forming 急に腹temper腹 · nounsubject of 立っがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 腹立っflared立つ · verbmain verb of the sentence (腹が立つ, 'to get angry')た(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of 立っThe nerve of these grasshoppers, giving a man a fright — I'll show them, I thought, and grabbed my hard pillow and flung it at them a couple of times, but they were too small for that, and however hard I threw, it did no good.
バッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounmodifies 癖のofの · particleattributive marker linking バッタ to 癖癖habit癖 · nouncomplement of やがっ, idiom の癖にの癖に is an idiom meaning 'despite being just...'
にdespiteに · particleidiomatic marker (の癖に), introduces contrastive clause modifying やがっ人a person人 · noundirect object of 驚ろかしをobjectを · particleobject marker of 人驚ろかしstartling驚かす · verbadverbial clause on やがっ驚ろかす is an older okurigana spelling of 驚かす.
やがっdamn wellやがる · auxiliary verbcontempt auxiliary on 驚ろかし, adverbial clause on 見ろてandて · particleconnects やがっ to the 見ろ clauseどうhowどう · adverbmodifies するするdeal with itする · verbclause modifying 見ろ (via か)かquestionか · particlequestion marker, forms indirect question どうするか見ろI'll show them見る · verbimperative, adverbial clause on 取っ見ろ literally 'look/see' is used here as a defiant 'I'll show you'.
とthinkingと · particlequotative marker, introduces the thought どうするか見ろいきなりsuddenlyいきなり · adverbmodifies 取っ括り枕hard pillow括り枕 · noundirect object of 取っをobjectを · particleobject marker of 括り枕取っgrabbed取る · verbadverbial clause on 擲きつけてandて · particleconnects 取っ to 擲きつけ二三two or three二三 · numeralmodifies 度度times度 · noun (counter)modifies 擲きつけ (times)擲きflung擲く · verbfirst element of compound verb 擲きつける, adverbial clause on ないつけat themつける · verbsecond element of compound verb 擲きつける, with 擲きた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of つけがbutが · particlecontrastive conjunction, introduces clause modifying ない相手the opponent相手 · nounsubject of 過ぎるがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 相手小さtoo small小さい · adjectivepredicate with 過ぎる過ぎるexcessively過ぎる · verbadverbial clause on ないからbecauseから · particlecausal marker, introduces clause modifying ない勢force勢い · nouncomplement of よくよくvigorouslyよい · adverbmodifies 抛げつける抛げthrew投げる · verbfirst element of compound verb 抛げつける, clause modifying 割抛げる is an older character for 投げる.
つけるat themつける · verbsecond element of compound verb 抛げつける, with 抛げ割proportion割 · nouncomplement of ない (割に, 'for all that')にdespiteに · particlepart of the phrase 割に利目effect利目 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 利目ないthere was noneない · adjectivemain predicate of the sentenceNo help for it, so I sat back down on the bedding and, the way you roll up a straw mat and beat the tatami floor with it during year-end housecleaning, I whacked away wildly all around me.
仕方help仕方 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particlesubject marker of 仕方ないthere was noneない · adjectivepredicate, causal clause modifying たたいからbecauseから · particlecausal marker, introduces clause modifying たたいまたagainまた · conjunctionlinks to the prior action布団bedding布団 · nounmodifies 上のofの · particleattributive marker linking 布団 to 上上on top上 · noungoal complement of 坐っへontoへ · particledirection marker of 上坐っsat座る · verbadverbial clause on たたい坐る is an older character for 座る.
てandて · particleconnects 坐っ to the 丸め clause煤掃year-end cleaning煤掃 · nounmodifies 時のofの · particleattributive marker linking 煤掃 to 時時time時 · nountime complement of 丸め clause (via に)にatに · particletime marker of 時蓙straw mat蓙 · noundirect object of 丸めをobjectを · particleobject marker of 蓙丸めroll up丸める · verbadverbial clause (simile with よう) on たたいてandて · particleconnects 丸め to the 叩く clause畳tatami floor畳 · noundirect object of 叩くをobjectを · particleobject marker of 畳叩くbeat叩く · verbpredicate of the ように simile clause, modifies たたいようthe wayよう · nounsimile marker (のように), modifies たたいに(adverbial)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer forming ようにそこthereそこ · pronounmodifies 近辺らaroundら · suffixvague-plural suffix, compound with 近辺近辺vicinity近辺 · noundirect object of たたいをobjectを · particleobject marker of 近辺無暗wildly無暗 · adjectival noun (na-adjective)predicate with に (無暗に), modifies たたいに(adverbial)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer forming 無暗にたたいwhackedたたく · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense auxiliary of たたいThe grasshoppers, startled and then sent flying by the force of the pillow, kept landing on my shoulders, my head, the tip of my nose, and bumping into me.
バッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounsubject of 驚ろいが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking バッタ驚ろいwere startled驚く · verbclause modifying もの驚ろい is the old okurigana spelling of 驚い (lemma 驚く).
た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 驚ろい上on top of上 · nounintroduces the clause of 驚ろいに(particle)に · particlepart of the phrase 上枕pillow枕 · nounmodifies 勢の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking 枕勢force勢い · nounmodifies もので(by means of)で · particleparticle marking 勢飛びflew飛ぶ · verbclause modifying もの上がるup上がる · verbclause modifying ものもの(the reason)もの · nounadverbial clause on くっ付いだ(is)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ものものだから together means 'given that / because'.
おれmy俺 · pronounmodifies 肩の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking おれ肩shoulders肩 · nounadverbial clause on くっ付いだ(listing)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 肩だの is an enumerative particle, 'such as ... and ...', split across だ+の.
の(listing)の · particleintroduces the clause of 肩頭head頭 · nounmodifies 先だ(listing)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 頭の(listing)の · particleparticle marking 頭鼻nose鼻 · nounmodifies 先の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking 鼻先tip先 · nounadverbial clause on くっ付いだ(listing)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 先の(listing)の · particleintroduces the clause of 先へ(onto)へ · particleparticle marking 先くっ付いlandedくっ付く · verbadverbial clause on するたり(and ... etc.)たり · particleintroduces the clause of くっ付いぶつかっbumpedぶつかる · verbcoordinate clause with くっ付いたり(and ... etc.)たり · particleparticle marking ぶつかっする(kept doing)する · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe ones that landed on my face I couldn't very well swat with the pillow, so I grabbed them with my hands and flung them down with all my might.
顔face顔 · nounoblique complement of 付いへ(onto)へ · particleparticle marking 顔付いlanded付く · verbclause modifying 奴た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付い奴the ones奴 · nounsubject of 行かは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 奴枕pillow枕 · nounoblique complement of 叩くで(with)で · particleparticle marking 枕叩くswat叩く · verbclause modifying 訳訳(way)訳 · nounoblique complement of 行か〜訳に行かない is the idiom '(I) can't very well ...'.
に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 訳行かafford to行く · verbadverbial clause on 攫んないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行か手hands手 · nounoblique complement of 攫んで(with)で · particleparticle marking 手攫んgrabbed掴む · verbadverbial clause on 擲き攫む is an older spelling of 掴む 'to grab'.
で(and)て · subordinating conjunctionauxiliary of 攫ん一生(intensifier)一生 · adverbmodifies 懸命懸命with all my might懸命 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 擲きに(adverbial marker)に · particleparticle marking 懸命擲きflung擲く · verbmain verb of the sentenceつけるdownつける · verbadverbial clause on 擲きInfuriating thing was, no matter how much force I put into it, whatever I hit was the mosquito net, so it just gave a soft sway and I felt no satisfaction at all.
忌々しいinfuriating忌々しい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounoblique complement of 蚊帳に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 事いくらhowever muchいくら · adverboblique complement of 出し力force力 · noundirect object of 出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 力出しput in出す · verbcompound with 事て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しもevenも · particleparticle marking 出しぶつかるhitぶつかる · verbcompound with 先先target先 · nounsubject of 蚊帳が(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 先蚊帳mosquito net蚊帳 · nounadverbial clause on ないだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 蚊帳からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 蚊帳ふわりsoftlyふわり · adverbmodifies 動くと(particle)と · particleparticle marking ふわり動くsway動く · verbadverbial clause on ないだけonlyだけ · particleintroduces the clause of 動くで(and)で · particleparticle marking 動く少しa little少し · adverbmodifies ないもevenも · particleparticle marking 少し手hand手 · nouncompound with 答手答 (=手応え) 'response, sense of resistance', split across 手+答.
答response答 · nounsubject of ないが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 答ないthere was noneない · adjectivehead of the phraseThe grasshoppers, flung as they were, just clung there on the mosquito net.
バッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounsubject of つらは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking バッタ擲きflung擲く · verbclause modifying ままつけdownつける · verbclause modifying ままられ(passive)られる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけままas they wereまま · nounoblique complement of つら蚊帳mosquito net蚊帳 · nounoblique complement of つらへ(onto)へ · particleparticle marking 蚊帳つらclingつかまる · verbmain verb of the sentenceつらまる is a colloquial variant of つかまる 'to cling/hold on'.
まっ(cling, cont.)つかまる · verbauxiliary of つらて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つらいるis (-ing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てThey didn't so much as die.
死die死ぬ · nounoblique complement of しに(particle)に · particleparticle marking 死もevenも · particleparticle marking 死どうat allどう · adverbmodifies しも(emphasis)も · particleparticle marking どうしdoする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しIt took a good half hour, but at last I finished the grasshoppers off.
ようやくfinallyようやく · adverbmodifies 事の(particle)の · particleparticle marking ようやく事(matter)事 · nounoblique complement of 退治に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 事三十thirty三十 · numeralcompound with 分分minutes分 · nounoblique complement of 退治ばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 分で(in)で · particleparticle marking 分バッタthe grasshoppersバッタ · nounsubject of 退治は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking バッタ退治finished off退治 · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 退治I fetched a broom and swept out their corpses.
箒broom箒 · noundirect object of 持っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 箒持っtook持つ · verbadverbial clause on 来て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 掃き持って来る 'bring/fetch'.
て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来バッタgrasshoppers'バッタ · nounmodifies 死骸の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking バッタ死骸corpses死骸 · noundirect object of 掃きを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 死骸掃きswept掃く · verbmain verb of the sentence出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 掃きた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しThe janitor came and said, "What is it?" so I said, "What is it, my foot — what country lets grasshoppers get kept in a man's bedding?"
小使the janitor小使 · nounsubject of 来が(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 小使来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 云うて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来何what何 · pronounclausal complement of 云うですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何か(question marker)か · particleintroduces the clause of 何と(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 何云うsaid言う · verbadverbial clause on ある云う is the older kanji for 言う 'to say'.
からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う何what何 · pronounmodifies もんですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何か(question marker)か · particleintroduces the clause of 何もevenも · particleparticle marking 何あるthere isある · verbcompound with 何何ですかもあるもんか is idiomatic: 'what is it, my foot! / as if there is such a thing'.
もんsuch a thingもの · nounoblique complement of あるか(rhetorical: as if!)か · particleparticle marking もんバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · noundirect object of 飼っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking バッタ床bedding床 · nounmodifies 中の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking 床中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 飼っに(in)に · particleparticle marking 中飼っkeeps飼う · verbclause modifying 奴とく(keeps on)とく · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 飼っ奴the one who奴 · nounsubject of あるが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 奴どこwhatどこ · pronounmodifies 国の(possessive)の · particleparticle marking どこ国country国 · nounoblique complement of あるに(in)に · particleparticle marking 国あるexistsある · verbmain verb of the sentenceBlockhead!
間blockhead間抜け · nounoblique complement of 抜間抜け 'fool, blockhead' is split across the tokens 間+抜; め is an insulting suffix, as in 馬鹿め 'you fool'.
抜(blockhead)抜ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceめyou (insult)め · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 抜When I scolded him like that, he made excuses, saying, "I have no idea."
と(quote marker)と · particlehead of the phrase叱っscolded叱る · verbadverbial clause on 存じたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 叱っ私I私 · pronounsubject of 存じは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 私存じknow存ずる · verbadverbial clause on しませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 存じんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 存じと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 存じ弁解excuse弁解 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 弁解しmadeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し"'No idea' won't cut it," I said, and flung the broom out onto the veranda, whereupon the janitor gingerly picked it up on his shoulder and went off.
存じknow存ずる · verbadverbial clause on 済むませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 存じんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 存じで(with)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 存じ済むsuffice済む · verbadverbial clause on 行っ存じませんで済むか = 'will "I don't know" suffice?' i.e. 'won't cut it'.
か(question: as if!)か · particleintroduces the clause of 済むと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 済む箒broom箒 · noundirect object of 出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 箒椽veranda縁側 · nouncompound with 側椽側 is an older kanji spelling of 縁側 'veranda'.
側(veranda)縁側 · nounoblique complement of 出しへ(onto)へ · particleparticle marking 側抛りflung放る · verbmodifies 出し抛る is an older kanji for 放る 'to throw/fling'.
出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 行ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し小使the janitor小使 · nounsubject of 行っは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 小使恐る恐るgingerly恐る恐る · adverbmodifies 行っ箒broom箒 · noundirect object of 担いを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 箒担いshouldered担ぐ · verboblique complement of 帰っで(and)で · particleparticle marking 担い帰っwent home帰る · verbadverbial clause on 行って(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ行っwent行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っ- 5
I lost no time in summoning three of the boarding students as representatives.
おれI俺 · pronounsubject of 呼びは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking おれ早速immediately早速 · adverbmodifies 呼び寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 生生students生 · noundirect object of 呼びを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 生三three三 · numeralquantifies 人人people人 · nounoblique complement of 呼びばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 人総代representatives総代 · nounoblique complement of 呼びに(as)に · particleparticle marking 総代呼びcalled呼ぶ · verbmain verb of the sentence出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 呼びた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し Six of them turned up instead.
するthenする · verbforms すると ("then") with ととandと · particleforms すると with する六six六 · numeralquantifies 人人people人 · nouncounter with 六, subject of 出出came out出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionlinks 出 to 来来(direction)来る · verbcompletes 出て来た ("came")た(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense of 出て来Six or ten, what did it matter to me.
六six六 · numeralquantifies 人人people人 · nounforms 六人, concessive clause parallel with 十人だろうがだろうbe itだ · auxiliary verbconcessive auxiliary on 六人がorが · particleconcessive particle after だろう十人ten people十人 · nounforms 十人だろうが, concessive clause parallel with 六人だろうがだろうbe itだ · auxiliary verbconcessive auxiliary on 十人がorが · particleconcessive particle after だろう構うmatter構う · verbclause modifying もの, rhetorical questionものat allもの · nounnominalizer in rhetorical ものかかas ifか · particlerhetorical-negation particle after もの構うものか is a fixed rhetorical pattern: "as if it would matter" (i.e. it doesn't).
Still in my nightclothes, I rolled up my sleeves and opened negotiations.
寝巻nightclothes寝巻 · nounmodifies ままの'sの · particleparticle marking 寝巻ままas isまま · nounoblique complement of し腕まくりsleeve-rolling腕まくり · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 腕まくりしdidする · verbadverbial clause on 始めてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し談判negotiations談判 · noundirect object of 始めを(object)を · particleparticle marking 談判始めbegan始める · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 始め- 6
"Why did you put grasshoppers in my bed?"
なんwhyなん · pronounforms なんで ("why") with でで(reason)で · particleforms なんで with なんバッタgrasshopperバッタ · noundirect object of 入れ (with なんか)なんかor somethingなんか · particleparticle marking バッタおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 床の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ床bed床 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particleparticle marking 床中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 入れへintoへ · particleparticle marking 中入れput入れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入れ - 7
"A grasshopper, what's that, nah," said the one standing in front.
バッタgrasshopperバッタ · nountopic of the quoted questionたyou sayて · particledialectal quotative particle after バッタ (=って)Dialectal contraction of って after バッタ.
何what's that何 · pronounpredicate of the quoted questionぞhuhぞ · particledialectal sentence-final particle on 何なnahな · particledialectal sentence-final tagと(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote真先the front真先 · nounmodifies 一人の'sの · particleparticle marking 真先一人one person一人 · nounsubject of いっが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 一人いっsaidいう · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いっ Cool as you please, the impudent brute.
やcoollyやに · adverbforms やに ("coolly") with にに(adverbializer)やに · particleforms やに with や落ちcalmed落ちる · verbadverbial clause on 付い付いsettled付く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付いいisいる · verbauxiliary of 付い (progressive)やがるimpudentlyやがる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of contempt on 付いやがる is a contempt/disdain auxiliary with no literal English equivalent.
Seems it's not just the principal at this school — even the students use this twisted way of talking.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 学校学校school学校 · nountopic of the sentence (with じゃ)じゃatでは · particleparticle marking 学校 (topic/locative)校長the principal校長 · nounsubject, limited by ばかりばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking 校長じゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 校長ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates じゃ生徒students生徒 · nounsubject of 使う (topic, with まで)までevenまで · particleparticle marking 生徒曲りtwisted曲る · verbclause modifying 言葉くねっwindingくねる · verbclause modifying 言葉た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of くねっ言葉way of talking言葉 · noundirect object of 使うを(object)を · particleparticle marking 言葉使うuse使う · verbmain verb of the sentenceん(explanatory)の · particleexplanatory nominalizer on 使うだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ん- 8
"You don't know what a grasshopper is? I'll show you, then," I said, but wouldn't you know it, I'd already swept them all out and there wasn't a single one left.
バッタa grasshopperバッタ · noundirect object of 知らを(object)を · particleparticle marking バッタ知らknow知る · verbpredicate, negated by ないないdon'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らの(explanatory)の · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer on 知らか(question)か · particlequestion particle on の知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 見せなけりゃif notない · auxiliary verbconditional negative auxiliary of 知ら見せshow見せる · verbclausal complement of 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見せやろうI'llやる · verbauxiliary of 見せ (volitional)と(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 居た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ生憎unfortunately生憎 · adverbmodifies 掃き掃きswept掃く · verbadverbial clause on 居出しout出す · verbcompletes 掃き出す ("swept out")てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出ししまっcompletelyしまう · verbauxiliary of completion on 出してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しまっ一one一 · numeralquantifies 匹匹creature匹 · nounsubject of 居もevenも · particleparticle marking 匹 (with negation)居is居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居 So I called the janitor again and told him, "Bring back the grasshoppers from before," and he asked, "I've already thrown them onto the rubbish heap — shall I go pick some up?"
またagainまた · conjunctionlinks the coordination小使the janitor小使 · noundirect object of 呼んを(object)を · particleparticle marking 小使呼んcalled呼ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 持っでandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 呼んさっきearlierさっき · nounmodifies バッタの'sの · particleparticle marking さっきバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · noundirect object of 持っを(object)を · particleparticle marking バッタ持っbring持つ · verbadverbial clause on こいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っこい(direction)くる · verbclausal complement of 云っと(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 棄てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of 云っもうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 棄て掃溜rubbish heap掃溜 · nounoblique complement of 棄てへontoへ · particleparticle marking 掃溜棄てthrew away棄てる · verbadverbial clause on 参りてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 棄てしまいcompletelyしまう · verbauxiliary of completion on 棄てまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 棄てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 棄てがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 棄て拾っpick up拾う · verbadverbial clause on 参りてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 拾っ参りgo参る · verbclausal complement of 聞いましょうshallます · auxiliary verbvolitional auxiliary of 参りか(question)か · particlequestion particle on 参りと(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote聞いasked聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い"Yes, go get some right now," I said, and the janitor went dashing off, and soon came back with about ten of them laid out on a sheet of paper, saying, "I'm sorry, but this is all I could find in the dark — I'll pick up more tomorrow."
うんyesうん · interjectionstands as the quoted replyすぐright nowすぐ · adverbmodifies 拾っ拾っpick up拾う · verbclausal complement of 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 拾っ来いcomeくる · verbcompletes 拾って来い (imperative)と(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 出しとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う小使the janitor小使 · nounsubject of 出しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 小使急いhurriedly急ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 出し (manner)でandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 急い馳dashed駆ける · verbverb stem of 駆け出す ("dashed off"), continues into け, 出し馳け is a variant/old spelling of 駆け (kakeru, "to run"); this and the next token け form one verb stem.
けoff駆ける · verbpart of the 馳ける (駆ける) stem出しoff出す · verbcompletes 馳け出す ("dashed off")た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しがandが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しやがてsoonやがて · adverbmodifies 載せ半紙paper半紙 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particleparticle marking 半紙上top上 · nounoblique complement of 載せへontoへ · particleparticle marking 上十ten十 · numeralquantifies 匹匹creatures匹 · nounoblique complement of 載せばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 匹載せlaid out載せる · verbadverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 載せ来came来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来どうreallyどう · adverbforms どうも with ももveryも · particleforms どうも with どうお(polite)お · prefixhonorific prefix on 気の毒気の毒sorry気の毒 · nounpredicate of the quoted apologyですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 気の毒がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 気の毒生憎unfortunately生憎 · adverbmodifies 夜夜night夜 · nounoblique complement of 見当りでsinceで · particleparticle marking 夜 (causal)これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 見当りだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking これしかnothing butしか · particleparticle marking これ (with negation)見see見当たる · verbverb stem of 見当たる ("be found"), combines with 当り当りfound見当たる · verbmain verb of the sentence (見当たる)ませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 当りんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 当りあしたtomorrowあした · nounoblique complement of なりにintoに · particleparticle marking あした (result state with なる)なりbecomesなる · verbadverbial clause on 参りまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なりたらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of なりもっとmoreもっと · adverbmodifies 拾っ拾っpick up拾う · verbadverbial clause on 参りてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 拾っ参りgo参る · verbclausal complement of 云うます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 参りと(quote)と · particleparticle marking the quote云うsays云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceEven the janitor's a fool.
小使the janitor小使 · nountopic/subject (with まで)までevenまで · particleparticle marking 小使馬鹿a fool馬鹿 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 馬鹿I showed the boy one of the grasshoppers and said, "Here's a grasshopper — big lump of a body like yours and you don't know what a grasshopper is, what's the meaning of that?" and the round-faced one standing farthest to the left cheekily talked back at me, "That there's a locust, that."
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 見せはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれバッタgrasshopperバッタ · nounmodifies つのofの · particleparticle marking バッタ一one一 · numeralquantifies つつoneつ · noundirect object of 見せをobject markerを · particleparticle marking つ生徒the boy生徒 · nounoblique complement of 見せにtoに · particleparticle marking 生徒見せshowed見せる · verbadverbial clause on 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見せバッタgrasshopperバッタ · nounpredicate of これたisた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of バッタDialectal filler here doubling as an emphatic copula, common in the rural students' speech Botchan mocks.
これthisこれ · pronounsubject of だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to これ大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies ずうずうhulking図 · nounmodifies 体ずう体 is colloquial 図体 (zutai), 'a big frame/build,' split awkwardly by the tagger.
体body体 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 体しhavingする · verbadverbial clause on 知らてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しバッタa grasshopperバッタ · noundirect object of 知らをobject markerを · particleparticle marking バッタ知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 云うないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らたyou knowた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らDialectal filler adding rhetorical force, matching the same usage in ch04-p8-s5-w13.
何what何 · pronounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 何事matter事 · nounadverbial clause on 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 事云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 込めとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う一番most一番 · adverbmodifies 左左left左 · nounmodifies 方のofの · particleparticle marking 左方side方 · nounoblique complement of 居にatに · particleparticle marking 方居stood居る · verbclause modifying 奴たpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居顔face顔 · nounmodifies 奴のsubject markerの · particleparticle marking 顔丸いround丸い · adjectiveclause modifying 奴奴fellow奴 · nounsubject of 込めがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 奴そりゃthatそれは · pronountopic of イナゴそりゃ contracts それは, 'as for that.'
イナゴlocustイナゴ · nounpredicate linked to そりゃぞassertive markerぞ · particleintroduces the clause of イナゴなsoftening markerな · particleintroduces the clause of イナゴもしthatもし · particlesentence-final particle marking イナゴぞなもし is the iconic Iyo-Matsuyama dialect sentence ending used throughout the rural characters' speech in Botchan.
とquote markerと · particlequote marker, introduces 込め生cheeky生意気 · nouncompound with 意気生意気 ('cheeky, impudent') is split across two tokens by the tagger.
意気attitude意気 · nounoblique complement of 遣りにadverb markerに · particleparticle marking 意気おれmeおれ · noundirect object of 遣りをobject markerを · particleparticle marking おれ遣りgave遣る · verbadverbial clause on 込め込めtalked back込める · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込め"The devil it is — a locust and a grasshopper are the same thing. And what's the idea of a student using 'namoshi' on his teacher, of all things? You don't eat nameshi except alongside dengaku, anyhow," I turned it back on him and put him in his place, and he said, "'Namoshi' and 'nameshi' aren't the same thing, I tell you."
篦棒the devil篦棒 · interjectionexclamatory interjectionべらぼうめ is an insult, roughly 'you fool/damn it,' addressed rhetorically rather than grammatically modifying another word.
めcontempt markerめ · particlederogatory suffix on 篦棒イナゴlocustイナゴ · nounsubject of 同じもalsoも · particleparticle marking イナゴバッタgrasshopperバッタ · nounsubject of 同じもalsoも · particleparticle marking バッタ同じsame同じ · adjectivemodifies もんもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もん第first第一 · nounadverbial (first of all)第一, 'first of all,' is split into two tokens by the tagger.
一of all第一 · numeralcompletes 第一 (first of all)先生teacher先生 · noundirect object of 捕まえをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 先生捕まえcaught捕まえる · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 捕まえな'namoshi'なもし · interjectionpart of the quoted なもし expressionなもし is the polite Matsuyama-dialect tag Botchan mocks the student for using on a teacher; split across tokens by the tagger.
も(term)なもし · particlepart of the quoted なもし expressionしdidする · verbclause modifying 何たpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し何what何 · pronounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何菜飯nameshi菜飯 · nounsubject/topic of the clause (もんじゃない)はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 菜飯田楽dengaku田楽 · nounmodifies 時のofの · particleparticle marking 田楽時time時 · nounoblique complement of 食うよりthanより · particleparticle marking 時外other外 · nounoblique complement of 食うにadverb markerに · particleparticle marking 外食うeat食う · verbcompound with もんもんthingもん · nounhead noun (thing you eat), predicate is じゃ...ないじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃとquote markerと · particlequote marker, introduces 遣り込めあべこべcontrarilyあべこべ · adjectivemodifies 遣り込めにadverb markerに · particleadverbializer on あべこべ遣りgave遣る · verbadverbial clause on やっ込めtalked back込める · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込めやっdidやる · verbadverbial clause on 云ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっな'namoshi'なもし · nounpart of quoted term なもしもしterm markerなもし · particlecompletes quoted term なもしとandと · particleparticle marking なもし菜飯nameshi菜飯 · nounoblique complement of 違うとtopic markerと · particlepart of とは (topic) marking 菜飯はtopic markerは · particlepart of とは (topic) marking 菜飯違うdiffer違う · verbadverbial clause on 云っぞassertive markerぞ · particleintroduces the clause of 違うなsoftening markerな · particleintroduces the clause of 違うもしthatもし · particlesentence-final particle marking 違うとquote markerと · particlequote marker, introduces 云っ云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っNo matter what, this fellow can't stop tacking that "that" onto everything.
いつwhenいつ · pronounoblique complement of 行っまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking いつ行っgoes行く · verbadverbial clause on 使うてevenて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っもifも · particleparticle marking 行っなwordなもし · nounpart of なもし (quoted term), direct object of 使うもし'that'なもし · noundirect object of 使うなもし is the dialect tag word, rendered 'that' in the translation.
をobject markerを · particleparticle marking もし使うuses使う · verbclause modifying 奴奴fellow奴 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 奴- 9
"Locust or grasshopper, whichever it is, why'd you put it in my bed? When did I ever ask anyone to put a grasshopper in for me?"
イナゴlocustイナゴ · nounoblique complement of 入れでorで · particleparticle marking イナゴもevenも · particleparticle marking イナゴバッタgrasshopperバッタ · nounoblique complement of 入れでorで · particleparticle marking バッタもevenも · particleparticle marking バッタ何why何 · pronounmodifies 入れ (forms 何で 'why')でreason markerで · particleparticle marking 何おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 床のofの · particleparticle marking おれ床bed床 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleparticle marking 床中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 入れへintoへ · particleparticle marking 中入れput入れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入れんexplanation markerん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入れだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んおれIおれ · pronounsubject of 頼んがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking おれいつwhenいつ · pronounmodifies 頼んバッタa grasshopperバッタ · noundirect object of 入れをobject markerを · particleparticle marking バッタ入れput in入れる · verbadverbial clause on 頼んてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入れくれfor meくれる · verbauxiliary of 入れ (benefactive)とquote markerと · particlequote marker, introduces 頼ん頼んask頼む · verbmain verb of the sentenceだpast tense markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 頼ん - 10
"Nobody put none in, is what."
誰anyone誰 · pronounsubject of やせもnot evenも · particleparticle marking 誰入れput in入れる · verbadverbial clause on やせやせdoesn'tやす · verbauxiliary of 入れ (dialect negative)やせん is Matsuyama-dialect negative, equivalent to standard しない/せぬ.
んnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やせがwellが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やせなyou knowな · particleintroduces the clause of やせ - 11
"If nobody put any in, then how'd it get in my bed?"
入れput in入れる · verbclause modifying ものないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入れものthingもの · nounsubject of 居るがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking ものどうhowどう · adverbmodifies 居るしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of どうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of どう床bed床 · nounmodifies 中のofの · particleparticle marking 床中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 居るにinに · particleparticle marking 中居るis居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceんexplanation markerん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 居るだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 12
"Locusts like warm places, most like it crawled in on its own, is what."
イナゴlocustsイナゴ · noundepends on 好きはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking イナゴ温いwarm温い · adjectiveclause modifying 所所places所 · nounsubject of 好きがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 所好きlike好き · adjectiveadverbial clause on けれじゃisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 好きけれsoけれど · subordinating conjunctionadverbial clause on はいりじゃけれ is dialect for だから, 'because/so.'
大方probably大方 · adverbmodifies はいり一人alone一人 · nounoblique complement of はいりでbyで · particleparticle marking 一人おpolite prefixお · prefixcompound with はいりはいりcrawled inはいる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tense markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいりのexplanation markerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいりじゃisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のあろprobablyある · verbpart of the phrase の - 13
"Don't talk rot. As if a grasshopper's going to crawl in all on its own — I won't stand for a grasshopper 'crawling in on its own.' — Now then, why'd you play this trick? Speak up."
馬鹿nonsense馬鹿 · noundirect object of 云えあ(object)を · particleparticle marking 馬鹿 (colloquial contraction of を)colloquial contraction of the object particle を.
云えsay!云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceバッタa grasshopperバッタ · nounsubject of なるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking バッタ一人alone一人 · nounadverbial phrase modifying なるで(adverbial)で · particleparticle marking 一人お(honorific)お · nouncompound with はいりはいりentersはいる · nounoblique complement of なるに(particle)に · particleparticle marking はいりなるbecomesなる · verbpredicate of the なんて clauseなんてas ifなんて · particlemarks the preceding clause as scornful/hypotheticalバッタa grasshopperバッタ · nounoblique complement of ならに(particle)に · particleparticle marking バッタお(honorific)お · nouncompound with はいりはいりenteringはいる · nounoblique complement of ならに(particle)に · particleparticle marking はいりならbecomesなる · verbadverbial clause on たまるれ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ならてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ならたまるstand forたまる · verbclause modifying もんもん(nominalizer)もん · nounhead of the phraseか(rhetorical)か · particleintroduces the clause of もんさあnow thenさあ · interjectionsets off the following clauseなぜwhyなぜ · adverbmodifies しこんなthis kind ofこんな · pronounmodifies いたずらいたずらmischiefいたずら · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking いたずらしdidする · verbadverbial clause on 云えた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しか(question)か · particleintroduces the clause of し云えspeak up云う · verbmain verb of the sentence - 14
"Speak up, you say, but there's no explaining a thing we didn't do, is what."
云えspeak up云う · verbquoted imperativeて(quote)って · particlemarks 云え as quoted speechてand yetて · subordinating conjunctionconnects to 説明入れんdidn't insert入れる · verbclause modifying もの入れる here refers literally to putting the grasshopper into the bed (the chapter's central prank), not a dialectal stand-in for する/しない; 'didn't do' and the Matsuyama-negative claim are unsupported by the token.
ものa thingもの · noundirect object of 説明を(object)を · particleparticle marking もの説明explain説明 · verbadverbial clause on ないし(do)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 説明よう(way to)よう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 説明が(subject)が · particleintroduces the clause of 説明ないthere isn'tない · adjectivehead of the phraseがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ないな(emphasis)な · particleintroduces the clause of ない - 15
Stingy little wretches.
けちstingyけち · adjectiveclause modifying 等な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of けち奴wretch奴 · nouncompound with 等等(plural)等 · nounhead of the phraseだareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 等 If they can't even own up to what they've done themselves, they'd have been better off never doing it at all.
自分themselves自分 · nounoblique complement of 云えで(by)で · particleparticle marking 自分自分their own自分 · nounmodifies しの(possessive)の · particleparticle marking 自分しdidする · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し事thing事 · nounsubject of 云えが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 事云えcan own up to云える · verbclause modifying くらいない(negative)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云えくらいto the extent thatくらい · particleintroduces the clause of 云えならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of くらいてんでat allてんで · adverbmodifies ししdoingする · verbadverbial clause on いいない(negative)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しが(subject)が · particleparticle marking し as subject of いいいいbetterいい · adjectivehead of the phraseSo long as no proof turns up, they mean to brazen it out and play innocent.
証拠evidence証拠 · nounsubject of 挙がらさえevenさえ · particleparticle marking 証拠挙がらturns up挙がる · verbadverbial clause on 構えなけれ(negative)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 挙がらばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 挙がらしらignoranceしら · noundirect object of 切るを(object)を · particleparticle marking しら切るfeigns切る · verbclause modifying つもりしらを切る is the idiom 'to play dumb / feign ignorance.'
つもりintentionつもり · nounoblique complement of 構えで(with)で · particleparticle marking つもり図太くbrazenly図太い · adverbadverbial clause on 構え構えpostures構える · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 構えい(progressive)いる · verbpart of the phrase てやがる(contempt)やがる · auxiliary verbcontemptuous auxiliary on 構えてEven I got up to a little mischief back in middle school myself.
おれIおれ · pronounadverbial clause on 居だ(emphasis)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of おれってevenって · particleintroduces the clause of おれ中学middle school中学 · nounoblique complement of 居に(at)に · particleparticle marking 中学居was居る · verbclause modifying 時分た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居時分time時分 · nounoblique complement of しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 時分少しa little少し · adverbmodifies いたずらは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 少しいたずらmischiefいたずら · nounadverbial clause on しもtooも · particleparticle marking いたずらしdidする · verbclause modifying もんた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しもん(nominalizer)もん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんBut when someone asked who'd done it, I never once shrank back like a coward.
しかしbutしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordinationだれwhoだれ · pronounsubject of しが(subject)が · particleparticle marking だれしdidする · verbadverbial clause on 聞かた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しと(quote)と · particleparticle marking し聞かwas asked聞く · verbclause modifying 時れ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞か時time時 · nounoblique complement of なかっに(at)に · particleparticle marking 時尻込みshrinking back尻込み · noundirect object of するを(object)を · particleparticle marking 尻込みするdoingする · verbclause modifying 事よう(-like)よう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of するな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of する卑怯cowardly卑怯 · adjectiveclause modifying 事な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 卑怯事thing事 · nounsubject of なかっは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 事ただmereただ · nounmodifies 一度の(of)の · particleparticle marking ただ一度once一度 · adverbmodifies なかっもevenも · particleparticle marking 一度なかっthere wasn'tない · adjectivehead of the phraseた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なかっWhat I did, I did; what I didn't, I didn't — plain as that.
しdidする · verbclause modifying ものた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しものwhatもの · nountopic, subject of the second しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking ものしdidする · verbadverbial clause on 極った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しの(explanatory)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のしdoする · verbclause modifying ものない(negative)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しものwhatもの · nountopic, subject of the second しは(topic)は · particleparticle marking ものしdoする · verbadverbial clause on 極っない(negative)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しに(to)に · particleparticle marking し極っis settled極る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(state)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 極っHowever much mischief I got up to, I did it with a clean conscience.
おれIおれ · pronouncompound with なんぞなんぞthe likes ofなんぞ · particlesubject of ものは(topic)は · particleparticle marking なんぞいくらhowever muchいくら · nounmodifies 潔白いたずらmischiefいたずら · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking いたずらしdidする · verbpredicate of the concessive clause with いくらたってeven ifたって · particleintroduces the clause of し潔白innocent潔白 · nounclause modifying ものな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 潔白ものoneもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものIf a fellow's going to lie his way out of punishment, he shouldn't be getting up to mischief in the first place.
嘘a lie嘘 · noundirect object of 吐いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 嘘吐いtells吐く · verbadverbial clause on 逃げるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 吐い罰punishment罰 · noundirect object of 逃げるを(object)を · particleparticle marking 罰逃げるescapes逃げる · verbadverbial clause on やるくらいto the extent ofくらい · particleintroduces the clause of 逃げるならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逃げる始めthe start始め · nounoblique complement of やるからfromから · particleparticle marking 始めいたずらmischiefいたずら · nounadverbial clause on やるなんかat allなんか · particleparticle marking いたずらやるdoesやる · verbclause modifying ものものoneもの · nounhead of the phraseか(rhetorical negation)か · particleparticle marking ものMischief and punishment go hand in hand.
いたずらmischiefいたずら · nounclausal complement of つきとandと · particleparticle marking いたずら罰punishment罰 · nounsubject of つきは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 罰つきgo togetherつく · verbclause modifying もんもん(nominalizer)もん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんIt's precisely because there's punishment that mischief can be enjoyed with an easy heart.
罰punishment罰 · nounsubject of あるが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 罰あるexistsある · verbadverbial clause on 出来るからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あるいたずらmischiefいたずら · nounsubject of 出来るもtooも · particleparticle marking いたずら心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounmodifies よくよくwellよく · adverbmodifies 出来る出来るcan be done出来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceWhat kind of low, rotten spirit thinks he can get the mischief without the punishment — where in the world does that pass for normal?
いたずらmischiefいたずら · nounadverbial clause on 思っだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking いたずらで(with)で · particleparticle marking いたずら罰punishment罰 · nounsubject of 思っは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 罰ご免excusedご免 · nouncompound with 蒙る蒙るreceives蒙る · verbadverbial clause on 思っなんてthe idea thatなんて · particleparticle marking 蒙る下劣vile下劣 · adjectiveclause modifying 根性な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 下劣根性mentality根性 · nounsubject of 思っが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 根性どこwhereどこ · pronounmodifies 国の(of)の · particleparticle marking どこ国country国 · nounoblique complement of 流行るに(in)に · particleparticle marking 国流行るis common流行る · verbclausal complement of 思っと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 流行る思っthinks思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(progressive)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っん(explanatory)ん · particleintroduces the clause of 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んThe sort who borrow money and mean never to pay it back are bound to be the very fellows these boys grow up into once they graduate.
金money金 · nounobject of 借りる (topicalized)はtopicは · particletopic marker on 金借りるborrow借りる · verbpredicate of first quoted clause, contrasted with 返す事はご免だ (via 云う)がbutが · subordinating conjunctionconnects 借りる clause to 返す事はご免だ返すrepay返す · verbclause modifying 事事act事 · nountopic/subject of ご免はtopicは · particletopic marker on 事ご免out of the questionご免 · nounclausal complement of 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ご免とquoteと · particlemarks the quote, complement of 云う云うsay云う · verbclause modifying 連中連中the sort連中 · nounsubject of ないはtopicは · particletopic marker on 連中みんなallみんな · adverbmodifies ないこんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies 奴等奴fellow奴 · nouncompound with 等等plural等 · nounsubject of 卒業がsubjectが · particlesubject marker on 等卒業graduate卒業 · nounclause modifying 仕事しdoする · auxiliary verbverbalizer on 卒業てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 卒業やるtake onやる · verbpart of the phrase て仕事job仕事 · nouncomplement of 相違ないにtoに · particlemarks 仕事 as complement of 相違ない相違doubt相違 · nouncompound with ないに相違ない is a set idiom, 'without doubt/must be,' matching the translation's 'bound to be.'
ないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseWhat in blazes do they even come to middle school for?
全体on earth全体 · adverbintensifies the question, modifies 何中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of はいっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校何what何 · pronounobject of ししdoする · verbverb with 何, forms purpose clause with ににforに · particleparticle marking 何し (purpose)はいっenterはいる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっんthatん · particlenominalizes the clauseだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んThey enroll, tell lies, cheat their way through, sneak around doing petty, insolent, rotten little mischief behind everyone's back, and then, straight-faced, once they've graduated, go around fancying they've had an education.
学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of はいっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校はいっenrollはいる · verbadverbial clause on 吐いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっ嘘lies嘘 · noundirect object of 吐いをobjectを · particleparticle marking 嘘吐いtell吐く · verbadverbial clause on 胡魔化してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 吐い胡魔化しcheat誤魔化す · verbadverbial clause on し胡魔化す is Sōseki's period kanji for modern 誤魔化す (ごまかす), 'to cheat/get away with.'
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 胡魔化し陰shadow陰 · nounoblique complement of しでinで · particleparticle marking 陰こせこせpettilyこせこせ · adverbmodifies いたずら生cheeky生 · nouncompound with 意気意気attitude意気 · nounclause modifying 悪なattributiveだ · auxiliary verbattributive linker on 意気悪rotten悪 · nouncompound with いたずらいたずらmischiefいたずら · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking いたずらしdoする · verbadverbial clause on し (そうして)てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しそうthusそう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · auxiliary verbforms そうして with そうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies 面面face面 · nounoblique complement of 癇違い (manner)でwithで · particleparticle marking 面卒業graduate卒業 · nounconditional clause modifying 癇違いすれdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 卒業ばonceば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 卒業教育education教育 · noundirect object of 受けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 教育受けreceived受ける · verbclause modifying もんたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 受けもんfactもの · nounhead of the quoted clause (via と)もん is a colloquial contraction of もの; もんだ here expresses a claimed/assumed fact, matching 'fancying they've had an education.'
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんとthatと · particlemarks the quote, complement of 癇違い癇mistaken癇 · nouncompound with 違い癇違い is Sōseki's variant spelling of standard 勘違い (かんちがい, 'misunderstanding'), swapping in 癇 ('temper') for 勘 ('intuition').
違いbelief違い · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 違いしhaveする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいisいる · verbpart of the phrase てやがるhave the gallやがる · auxiliary verbcontemptuous auxiliary of しMiserable little foot soldiers, not worth talking to.
話せcan talk話せる · verbclause modifying 雑兵ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 話せ雑兵foot soldiers雑兵 · nounhead of the phraseだareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 雑兵- 16
Negotiating with such rotten-minded wretches turned my stomach, so I said, "If you can't bring yourselves to say it, I won't ask any more. It's a sorry state of affairs when you can't tell decent from indecent even after coming to middle school," and I sent the six of them packing.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of やっ (main verb)はtopicは · particleparticle marking おれこんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies 腐っ腐っrotten腐る · verbmodifies 了見たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 腐っ了見mindset了見 · nounmodifies 奴等のofの · particleparticle marking 了見奴fellow奴 · nouncompound with 等等plural等 · nounoblique complement of 談判とwithと · particleparticle marking 等談判negotiate談判 · nounverb of clause, topic of 悪るい (via の/は)するdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 談判のthe actの · particlenominalizes 談判するはtopicは · particleparticle marking 談判するの胸糞gut胸糞 · nounsubject of 悪るいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 胸糞悪るいsickened悪い · adjectivepredicate of the reason clause (から)からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces reason clauseそんなlike thatそんな · adjectivemodifies 云わ (via に)に(manner)に · particleforms adverb そんなに云わtold云う · verbadverbial clause on 聞かれpassiveれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云わなきゃunlessない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云わ聞かlisten聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞かいいfineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase て中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of はいっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校はいっenterはいる · verbadverbial clause on 出来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はいっ上品decent上品 · nounlisted with 下品, object of 区別 (via も)もbothも · particleparticle marking 上品下品indecent下品 · nounlisted with 上品, object of 区別 (via も)もandも · particleparticle marking 下品区別distinction区別 · nounsubject of 出来がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 区別出来can do出来る · verbpredicate of clause, topic of 気の毒 (via の/は)ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来のthe factの · particlenominalizes 出来ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 出来ないの気の毒pitiable気の毒 · adjectiveclause modifying ものなattributiveだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 気の毒ものthingもの · nounhead noun of quoted predicateだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものとthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause, complement of 云っ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ六six六 · numeralquantifies 人人people人 · noundirect object of 逐っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人逐っdrove逐う · verbadverbial clause on やっ放しout放す · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 放しやっdidやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっ My own words and manner may not be especially refined, but I flatter myself my heart is a good deal more refined than theirs.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of つもりはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ言葉words言葉 · nouncoordinated with 様子 (via や)やandや · particleparticle marking 言葉様子manner様子 · nouncoordinated with 言葉, subject of 上品 (via こそ)こそindeedこそ · particleparticle marking 様子あまりnot veryあまり · adverbmodifies 上品上品refined上品 · nounpredicate of clause coordinated (via が) with 心は...つもりだじゃisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上品ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上品心heart心 · nounsubject of つもりはtopicは · particleparticle marking 心こいつthis guyこいつ · nouncompound with ららpluralら · nounobject of comparison (より), modifies 上品よりthanより · particleparticle marking らもevenも · particleparticle marking ら遥かfar more遥か · adjectiveadverbial clause on 上品に(adverbial)に · particleadverbializes 遥か上品refined上品 · adjectiveclause modifying つもりなattributiveだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上品つもりconvictionつもり · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to つもりThe six of them withdrew at their leisure.
六six六 · numeralquantifies 人人people人 · nounsubject of 引き揚げはtopicは · particleparticle marking 人悠々unhurriedly悠々 · nounoblique complement of 引きと(manner)と · particleparticle marking 悠々引きpulled引く · verbadverbial clause on 揚げ揚げback揚げる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 揚げOn the surface, at least, they look a good deal more composed than I do, teacher though I am.
上部surface上部 · nounoblique complement of 見えるだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking 上部はtopicは · particleparticle marking 上部教師teacher教師 · nounmodifies おれのwho isの · particleparticle marking 教師おれIおれ · nounoblique complement of 見えるよりthanより · particleparticle marking おれよっぽどconsiderablyよっぽど · adverbmodifies えらくえらくcomposedえらい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 見える見えるlook見える · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe truth is, being so composed only makes it worse.
実truth is実 · adverbmodifies 悪るいはtopicは · particleparticle marking 実落ちsettle落ちる · verbadverbial clause on 悪るい付いdown付く · verbadverbial clause on 悪るいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付いいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てだけonlyだけ · particlelimits scope of 落ち着いている, modifies 悪るいなおeven moreなお · adverbmodifies 悪るい悪るいworse悪い · adjectivehead of the phraseI could never manage that kind of nerve myself.
にforに · particleparticle marking おれはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ到底at all到底 · adverbmodifies ないこれthisこれ · pronounmodifies 度胸ほどextentほど · particleparticle marking これのofの · particleparticle marking これ度胸nerve度胸 · nounsubject of ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 度胸ないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phrase- 17
After that I got back into bed and lay down, but the mosquito net was still buzzing away from all the earlier commotion.
それthatそれ · pronounhead of the phrase それからからthenから · particlepart of the phrase それまたagainまた · adverbmodifies なっ床bed床 · nounoblique complement of はいっへintoへ · particleparticle marking 床はいgot intoはいる · verbadverbial clause on なっってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はい横sideways横 · nounoblique complement of なっにtoに · particleparticle marking 横なっlay downなる · verbadverbial clause on 唸ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっさっきearlierさっき · nounmodifies 騒動のofの · particleparticle marking さっき騒動commotion騒動 · nounoblique complement of 唸っでfromで · particleparticle marking 騒動蚊帳mosquito net蚊帳 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particleparticle marking 蚊帳中inside中 · nounsubject of 唸っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 中ぶんぶんbuzzingぶんぶん · adverbmodifies 唸っ唸っbuzz唸る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて-ingて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase 唸っいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase て Lighting a hand-candle and burning them off one by one was too much bother, so I unhooked the net's cord, folded it up long, and swung it around the room crosswise and lengthwise, and the metal ring flew off and struck the back of my hand something awful.
手燭hand-candle手燭 · noundirect object of つけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 手燭つけlightつける · verbadverbial clause on 焼くてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけ一one一 · numeralquantifies 匹匹mosquito匹 · nounoblique complement of 焼くずつeachずつ · particleparticle marking 匹焼くburn焼く · verbclause modifying 事なんてsuch asなんて · particleintroduces the clause of 焼く面倒troublesome面倒 · adjectiveclause modifying 事なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 面倒事thing事 · nounsubject of 出来はtopicは · particleparticle marking 事出来can do出来る · verbadverbial clause on はずしないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出来釣手hook cord釣手 · noundirect object of はずしをobjectを · particleparticle marking 釣手はずしunhookedはずす · verbadverbial clause on 振ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はずし長くlong長い · adjectiveclause modifying 畳ん畳んfolded畳む · verbadverbial clause on 振っでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 畳んおいleaves itおく · verbpart of the phrase でてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase で部屋room部屋 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particleparticle marking 部屋中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 振っでinで · particleparticle marking 中横sideways横 · nouncompound with 文字竪lengthwise竪 · nouncompound with 文字十cross十 · numeralquantifies 文字文字shape文字 · nounoblique complement of 振っにinに · particleparticle marking 文字振っswung振る · verbadverbial clause on 撲ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 振っ環ring環 · nounsubject of 飛んがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 環飛んflew飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 撲っでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 飛ん手の甲back of my hand手の甲 · noundirect object of 撲っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 手の甲いやawfulいや · adjectiveclausal complement of いうとthatと · particleparticle marking いやいうsaidいう · verbadverbial clause on 撲っほどso muchほど · particleintroduces the clause of いう撲っstruck撲つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 撲っThe third time I got into bed I'd calmed down a little, but I still couldn't get to sleep.
三three三 · numeralcompound with 目度time度 · nouncompound with 目目-th目 · nounoblique complement of はいっにatに · particleparticle marking 目床bed床 · nounoblique complement of はいっへintoへ · particleparticle marking 床はいっgot intoはいる · verbclause modifying 時たdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっ時time時 · nounsubject of 寝はtopicは · particleparticle marking 時少々a little少々 · adverbmodifies 落ち落ちcalmed落ちる · verbadverbial clause on 寝付いdown付く · verbadverbial clause on 寝たdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付いがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付いなかなかnot easilyなかなか · adverbmodifies 寝寝sleep寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceられcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝I looked at the clock — half past ten.
時計clock時計 · noundirect object of 見るをobjectを · particleparticle marking 時計見るlooked見る · verbadverbial clause on 半とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見る十ten十 · numeralcompound with 半時o'clock時 · nouncompound with 半半half past半 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 半Thinking it over, I'd landed myself in a troublesome place.
考えthink考える · verbadverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えみるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考え厄介troublesome厄介 · adjectiveclause modifying 所なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 厄介所place所 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 所来came来る · verbclause modifying もんたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来もんthingもの · nounhead of the phraseもん is a colloquial contraction of もの; modern standard lemma もの used.
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんMiddle-school teachers everywhere, I'd imagine, have my sympathy if this is the kind of thing they have to deal with.
一体really一体 · adverbmodifies なら中学middle school中学 · nounmodifies 先生の'sの · particleparticle marking 中学先生teachers先生 · nountopic of ならなんてas forなんて · particleparticle marking 先生どこwhereどこ · pronounoblique complement of 行っへtoへ · particleparticle marking どこ行っgo行く · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っもevenも · particleparticle marking 行っこんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies ものものthingもの · noundirect object of するをobjectを · particleparticle marking もの相手opponent相手 · nounoblique complement of するにasに · particleparticle marking 相手するtreatする · verbadverbial clause on 気の毒ならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of する気の毒pitiable気の毒 · adjectiveclause modifying ものなisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 気の毒ものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものIt's a wonder they never run out of teachers.
よくamazinglyよく · adverbmodifies なら先生teachers先生 · nounsubject of ならがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 先生品切れsold out品切れ · nounoblique complement of ならにintoに · particleparticle marking 品切れならbecomeなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ならI suppose only extraordinarily patient blockheads become teachers.
よっぽどextremelyよっぽど · adverbmodifies 強い辛hardship辛 · nouncompound with 防防patience抱 · nouncompound with 強い辛防 is a Meiji-era variant spelling of 辛抱 (patience/endurance); modern standard lemma 抱 used for this character.
強いstrong強い · adjectiveclause modifying 朴念仁朴念仁blockhead朴念仁 · nounsubject of なるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 朴念仁なるbecomeなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceんthatの · particleintroduces the clause of なるだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んI could never stick it out myself.
にtoに · particleparticle marking おれはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ到底at all到底 · adverbmodifies やりやりdoやる · verbadverbial clause on 切れ切れthrough切れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 切れThinking of that, Kiyo really is something to look up to.
それthatそれ · pronoundirect object of 思うをobjectを · particleparticle marking それ思うthink of思う · verbclause modifying ものとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思う清Kiyo清 · proper nountopic of the sentenceなんてsuch asなんて · particleparticle marking 清のoneの · particleparticle marking 清はtopicは · particleparticle marking 清見look見る · verbclause modifying もの上げup上げる · verbclause modifying ものたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上げものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものShe's an old woman with neither education nor rank, but as a human being she's thoroughly noble.
教育education教育 · nounsubject of ないもnorも · particleparticle marking 教育ないlackingない · adjectivemodifies 婆身分status身分 · nounsubject of ないもnorも · particleparticle marking 身分ないlackingない · adjectiveclause modifying さん婆old woman婆 · nouncompound with さんさんdearさん · nounsubject of いだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to さんがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of さん人間human人間 · nounoblique complement of いとasと · particleparticle marking 人間しtakeする · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase とてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase とはtopicは · particleparticle marking 人間すこぶるextremelyすこぶる · adverbmodifies 尊尊noble尊い · adjectivecompound with い尊とい is an old orthographic form of 尊い (とうとい, "noble/precious"); the と on the next token is part of the archaic reading, not a separate word.
と(archaic reading)と · particlepart of the phrase 尊いisい · adjectivemain verb of the sentenceUp till now, for all she'd done for me, I never thought much of being grateful, but now that I've come all alone to this far-off province, I understand her kindness for the first time.
今now今 · nounmodifies 思わまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 今はtopicは · particleparticle marking 今あんなthatあんな · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっにmuchだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あんな世話care世話 · nounoblique complement of なっにinに · particleparticle marking 世話なっreceivedなる · verbadverbial clause on 思わてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっ別段particularly別段 · nouncompound with 有難rare有難い · nouncompound with 有難有い is an inverted spelling of standard 有難い ("grateful/thankful"); modern lemma 有難い used.
有grateful有難い · nounclause modifying 思わいともveryいとも · adverbmodifies 思わ思わthink思う · verbadverbial clause on わかるなかっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思わたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思わがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思わこうthis wayこう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · verbadverbial clause on わかるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し一人alone一人 · nounoblique complement of 来でbyで · particleparticle marking 一人遠国distant land遠国 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 遠国来came来る · verbadverbial clause on わかるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来みるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来始めfor the first初めて · adverbmodifies わかる始めて here is a variant spelling of 初めて ("for the first time"), not the verb 始める ("to begin").
てtime初めて · particlepart of the phrase 始めあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 親切親切kindness親切 · nounsubject of わかるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 親切わかるunderstandわかる · verbmain verb of the sentenceIf she took a fancy for Echigo taffy, it'd be worth going all the way to Echigo to buy it and feed it to her, just for the pleasure of feeding her.
越後Echigo越後 · proper nounmodifies 笹飴の'sの · particleparticle marking 越後笹飴taffy笹飴 · nounsubject of 食いがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 笹飴食いeat食う · verbadverbial clause on やったけれwants toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食いばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食いわざわざspeciallyわざわざ · adverbmodifies 行っ越後Echigo越後 · proper nounoblique complement of 行っまでall the way toまで · particleparticle marking 越後買いbuy買う · verbadverbial clause on 行っにtoに · particleparticle marking 買い行っgo行く · verbadverbial clause on 食わしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っ食わしfeed食わす · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食わしやっfor herやる · verbadverbial clause on あるてthoughて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっもevenも · particleparticle marking やっ食わeat食う · verbmodifies 価値せるmakeせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食わだけjustだけ · particleintroduces the clause of 食わの'sの · particleparticle marking 食わ価値worth価値 · nounsubject of あるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 価値充分fully充分 · adverbmodifies あるあるisある · verbmain verb of the sentenceKiyo praises me for being free of greed and having a straightforward nature, but the one doing the praising is a finer person than the one being praised.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of ほめる (w18)はtopicは · particleparticle marking 清おれmyおれ · proper nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ事matter事 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事欲greed欲 · nounsubject of なくっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 欲なくっlackingない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なくっ真直straightforward真直 · adjectiveclause modifying 気性なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 真直気性nature気性 · nounclausal complement of 云っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 気性とthatと · particleparticle marking 気性云っsaying云う · verbadverbial clause on ほめる (w18)てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っほめるpraisesほめる · verbmain verb of 清's clauseがbutが · particlecoordinating conjunction (but), links to ほめるほめpraiseほめる · verbclause modifying おれられる(passive)られる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ほめおれIおれ · nounstandard of comparison for 立派よりthanより · particleparticle marking おれもevenも · particleparticle marking おれほめるpraisesほめる · verbclause modifying 本人本人the person本人 · nounmodifies 方の'sの · particleparticle marking 本人方one方 · nounsubject of 立派がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方立派fine立派 · adjectiveclause modifying 人間なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立派人間person人間 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人間Somehow I found myself wanting to see Kiyo.
何somehow何 · pronounadverbial clause on なっだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かor soか · particleintroduces the clause of 何清Kiyo清 · proper nounoblique complement of 逢いにtoに · particleparticle marking 清逢いsee逢う · verbadverbial clause on なったくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢いなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっ- 18
While I was thinking of Kiyo, restless and turning this way and that, suddenly, over my head — judging by the sound, thirty or forty of them at least — came a thunderous don, don, don, stamping the floorboards in unison hard enough to bring the ceiling down.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking 清事matter事 · noundirect object of 考えをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事考えthinking考える · verbadverbial clause on そつながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えのrestlesslyのそのそ · adverbcompound with そつMeiji-era mimetic spelling for のそのそ/のそつく ('to loiter, shift about'), mis-split by the tagger; the three fragments here jointly gloss the one word.
つandつ · nouncompound with そつそつshifting aboutそつく · verbadverbial clause on ししdoingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そつてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of そついるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of そつ突然suddenly突然 · adverbmodifies した (main verb)おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 頭の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ頭head頭 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particleparticle marking 頭上above上 · nounoblique complement of したでatで · particleparticle marking 上数count数 · nounoblique complement of 云っでbyで · particleparticle marking 数云っsay云う · verbadverbial clause on あろうたらifた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ三四three or four三四 · nouncompound with 十人十人tens of people十人 · nounsubject of あろうもat leastも · particleparticle marking 十人あろうthere'd beある · verbparenthetical, modifies 音かperhapsか · particleintroduces the clause of あろう二two二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounsubject of 落っこちるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 階落っこちるcollapse落っこちる · verbadverbial clause on どんほどto the point thatほど · particleintroduces the clause of 落っこちるどんdonどん · verbadverbial clause on 踏みどんdonどん · adverbcompound with どんどんdonどん · pronouncompound with どんとwith aと · particleparticle marking どん拍子rhythm拍子 · noundirect object of 取っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 拍子取っkeeping取る · verbadverbial clause on 踏みてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 取っ床板floorboards床板 · noundirect object of 踏みをobjectを · particleparticle marking 床板踏みstamping踏む · verbclause modifying 音ならすmake resoundならす · verbclause modifying 音音sound音 · nounsubject of しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 音しoccurredする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し Then a great war-whoop went up, matching the stamping in scale.
するsoする · auxiliary verbforms conjunction すると with ととthenと · subordinating conjunctionforms conjunction すると with する足音footsteps足音 · nounoblique complement of 比例にtoに · particleparticle marking 足音比例proportional比例 · verbclause modifying 鬨の声しbeingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 比例た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 比例大きなgreat大きな · adjectivemodifies 鬨の声鬨の声war cry鬨の声 · nounsubject of 起っがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 鬨の声起っarose起こる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 起っWondering what on earth had broken out, I sprang up in alarm.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 起きはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ何事what何事 · nounsubject of 持ちがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 何事持ちhad come持つ · verbadverbial clause on 驚ろい上がっup上がる · verbadverbial clause on 驚ろいた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっのthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっかwonderingか · particleintroduces the clause of 上がっとthatと · particleparticle marking 上がっ驚ろいstartled驚く · verbadverbial clause on 飛び驚ろい is the Meiji-era okurigana spelling of 驚いた (modern lemma 驚く).
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 驚ろい飛びsprang飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 起き起きup起きる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 起きThe instant I sprang up, it dawned on me — ah, this must be the students getting back at me for earlier.
飛びspringing飛ぶ · verbclause modifying 途端起きるup起きる · verbclause modifying 途端途端instant途端 · nounoblique complement of ついにatに · particleparticle marking 途端ははあahははあ · interjectioncompound with さっきさっきearlierさっき · nounmodifies 返しの'sの · particleparticle marking さっき意趣grudge意趣 · nouncompound with 返し返しpayback返し · nounoblique complement of あばれるにforに · particleparticle marking 返し生徒students生徒 · nounsubject of あばれるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 生徒あばれるare rampagingあばれる · verbadverbial clause on ついのthatの · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking あばれるだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のなsurelyな · particleintroduces the clause of あばれるとthatと · particleparticle marking あばれる気realization気 · nounsubject of ついがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 気ついnoticedつく · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ついIt's not enough to know a wrong was wrong — until you've said so out loud, the fault doesn't go away.
手前one's own手前 · nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking 手前わるいwrongわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事deed事 · nounsubject of 悪るかっはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事悪るかっwas wrong悪い · adjectiveclausal complement of 言っ悪る- is Meiji-era okurigana for わるい/悪い; modern lemma 悪い used.
た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 悪るかっとthatと · particleparticle marking 悪るかっ言っsaid言う · verbclause modifying うちてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 言っしまわfinishしまう · verbpart of the phrase てないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 言っうちbeforeうち · nounoblique complement of 消えはtopicは · particleparticle marking うち罪fault罪 · nounsubject of 消えはtopicは · particleparticle marking 罪消えdisappear消える · verbclause modifying もんないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 消えもんthingもん · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんWhatever's wrong, those fellows themselves must know it perfectly well.
わるいwrongわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事matter事 · nounsubject of あるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事手前themselves手前 · nouncompound with 達達(plural)達 · nounoblique complement of あるにtoに · particleparticle marking 達覚awareness覚 · nounsubject of あるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 覚あるhaveある · verbmain verb of the sentenceだろうsurelyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あるThe proper thing would be to go to bed, feel sorry about it, and come apologize the next morning.
本来properly本来 · nounadverbial clause on 寝ならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 本来寝sleep寝る · verbadverbial clause on 後悔てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝からafterから · particleparticle marking 寝後悔regret後悔 · verbadverbial clause on 来るしdoingする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 後悔てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 後悔あしたtomorrowあした · nounmodifies 朝の'sの · particleparticle marking あした朝morning朝 · nounoblique complement of 来るでonで · particleparticle marking 朝もevenも · particleparticle marking 朝あやまりapologizeあやまる · verboblique complement of 来るにtoに · particleparticle marking あやまり来るcome来る · verbdepends on 本筋のthatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来るがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 来る本筋proper way本筋 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 本筋Even if they weren't going to apologize, the least they could do is lie there quietly, suitably chastened.
たといeven ifたとい · adverbmodifies 寝あやまらapologizeあやまる · verb, negative stemadverbial clause on 恐れないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あやまらまでto that extentまで · particleintroduces the clause of あやまらもevenも · particleparticle marking あやまら恐れfeel contrite恐れる · verbadverbial clause on 寝入っthoroughly入る · verbadverbial clause on 寝恐れ入る is a compound verb, "to be duly humbled/contrite"; 入る here intensifies 恐れ rather than meaning "enter".
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入っ静粛quiet静粛 · nounadverbial clause on 寝にbeingだ · auxiliary verb, continuative formauxiliary of 静粛寝lie down寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝いるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てべきshouldべし · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝だisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝And instead, what is this racket?
それthatそれ · pronoundirect object of 何をyetを · particleparticle marking それそれを here is the idiomatic exclamatory "and yet/despite that," not a literal direct-object marker.
何what何 · pronounpredicate complement of だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 騒ぎ騒ぎracket騒ぎ · nounhead of the phraseはtopicは · particleparticle marking 騒ぎYou'd think they'd built a dormitory and were keeping pigs in it.
寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 舎舎building舎 · noundirect object of 建てをobjectを · particleparticle marking 舎建てbuilt建てる · verbadverbial clause on 飼ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 建て豚pigs豚 · nounoblique complement of 飼っでevenで · particleparticle marking 豚もevenも · particleparticle marking 豚飼っraise飼う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 飼っおきkeepingおく · verbpart of the phrase てあas ifある · fragment, source text likely corruptedcompound with 飼っおきあしまいし is very hard to parse as written; the surrounding idiom ("it's not as though...", cf. でもあるまいし) strongly suggests an underlying あるまいし (ある+まい+し) with a transcription slip (a plausible る→し substitution) rather than a genuine bare stem of ある, which has no such form (未然あら/連用あり/終止・連体ある/仮定あれ). Flagging for human review of the source printing rather than asserting a specific fix, since the gloss/lemma choices are a reasonable best-effort reading of a garbled passage.
しまいwouldn'tまい · auxiliary verb (negative presumptive, classical)part of the phrase あSurface しまい here represents the classical negative-presumptive suffix まい ("surely not / it's not as if"), not the verb しまう.
しandし · particle, conjunctiveauxiliary of 飼っThere's a limit to how far you can carry on like lunatics.
気狂いlunatic気狂い · nounclause modifying 真似じみresemblingじみる · verbclause modifying 真似た-likeた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of じみ真似conduct真似 · noundirect object of するもtooも · particleparticle marking 真似大抵moderate大抵 · adjectiveadverbial clause on するにbeingだ · auxiliary verb, continuative formauxiliary of 大抵するdoする · verbadverbial clause on いいがandが · particle, idiomatic (〜がいい)introduces the clause of するFixed idiom '〜がいい' ("had better do ~") already carries its "should/better" sense on いい (w10); glossing が as "better" duplicates that sense on the wrong token. が here is the connective linking する to いい, not an independent bearer of "better".
いいshouldいい · adjectivehead of the phraseJust you wait, I thought. Still in my nightclothes, I flew out of the night-duty room and bounded up to the second floor in three and a half strides.
どうhowどう · adverbmodifies するするhappeningする · verbadverbial clause on 見ろかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of する見ろsee見る · verbadverbial clause on 飛びとthinkingと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見ろ寝巻nightclothes寝巻 · nounmodifies ままのofの · particleparticle marking 寝巻ままas isまま · nounoblique complement of 飛び宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · noundirect object of 飛びをobjectを · particleparticle marking 部屋飛びburst飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 躍り出しout出す · verbcompound with 飛びてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し楷ladder梯 · nouncompound with 段楷子段 is a period spelling of 梯子段 ("stairway," lit. "ladder-steps"); 楷 corrects to lemma 梯 (hashigo, "ladder").
子ladder子 · nouncompound with 段段steps段 · noundirect object of 上がっをobjectを · particleparticle marking 段三股three-step三股 · nouncompound with 半半and a half半 · nounoblique complement of 上がっにatに · particleparticle marking 半二two二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounoblique complement of 上がっまでup toまで · particleparticle marking 階躍りbounded躍る · verb, stemmodifies 上がっ上がっup上がる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっThen, strange to say, the ruckus that had plainly been going on right overhead a moment before suddenly fell dead silent — not a voice, not even a footstep.
するsoする · verb, fixed conjunctive expressionintroduces the sentenceとthenと · subordinating conjunctionhead of the phrase不思議strange不思議 · adjectiveclause modifying 事なisだ · auxiliary verb, attributive formauxiliary of 不思議事thing事 · nounoblique complement of 静まりにinに · particleparticle marking 事今now今 · nounoblique complement of 暴れまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 今頭head頭 · nounmodifies 上のofの · particleparticle marking 頭上above上 · nounoblique complement of 暴れ頭の上で forms one phrase ("above the head"): 上 is the head that 頭の modifies (see w9's role, "modifies 上"), and 頭の上で as a whole is the locative adjunct of 暴れ. Pairing 上 with 今 ("compound with 今") is a mismatch — 今まで and 頭の上で are two separate, unrelated adjuncts of 暴れ.
でatで · particleparticle marking 上たしかclearlyたしか · adjectiveadverbial clause on 暴れにbeingだ · auxiliary verb, continuative formauxiliary of たしかどたばたnoisilyどたばた · adverbmodifies 暴れ暴れthrashing暴れる · verbadverbial clause on 静まりてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 暴れいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てたbeenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 暴れのwhichの · particle, nominalizernominalizes the clause on 暴れがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 暴れ急suddenly急 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 静まりにbeingだ · auxiliary verb, continuative formauxiliary of 急静まりquieted静まる · verbadverbial clause on なっ返っcompletely返る · verbadverbial clause on なってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返っ人声voice人声 · nounoblique complement of しどころlet aloneどころ · particleparticle marking 人声かlet aloneか · particleparticle marking 人声足音footsteps足音 · nounsubject of しもevenも · particleparticle marking 足音しhappenする · verbadverbial clause on なっなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっOdd, this.
これthisこれ · pronounsubject of 妙はtopicは · particleparticle marking これ妙odd妙 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙The lamp was already out, so it was too dark to make out clearly where anything or anyone was, but you can tell from the feel of the place whether there's a soul about or not.
ランプlampランプ · nounsubject of 消しはtopicは · particleparticle marking ランプすでにalreadyすでに · adverbmodifies 消し消しput out消す · verbadverbial clause on 暗くてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 消しあるisある · verbpart of the phrase てからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 消し暗くdark暗い · adjective, adverbial formadverbial clause on 居るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 暗くどこwhereどこ · pronounoblique complement of 居るにatに · particleparticle marking どこ何what何 · pronounsubject of 居るがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 何居るis居る · verbadverbial clause on 分らかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of 居る判然clearly判然 · adjectiveoblique complement of 分らとclearlyと · particleparticle marking 判然分らtell分る · verbadverbial clause on 知れるないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分ら人気presence人気 · nounmodifies あるのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 人気あるisある · verbadverbial clause on ないとorと · particleparticle marking あるないnotない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 知れるとorと · particleparticle marking ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking ない様子feel様子 · nounoblique complement of 知れるでfromで · particleparticle marking 様子もevenも · particleparticle marking 様子知れるcan be told知れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe corridor, running the long way from east to west, hadn't so much as a mouse hiding in it.
長くlong way長い · adjective, adverbial formclause modifying 東東east東 · nounoblique complement of 貫いからfromから · particleparticle marking 東西west西 · nounoblique complement of 貫いへtoへ · particleparticle marking 西貫いran through貫く · verbclause modifying 廊下たdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 貫い廊下corridor廊下 · nounoblique complement of 隠れにinに · particleparticle marking 廊下はtopicは · particleparticle marking 廊下鼠mouse鼠 · nouncompound with 匹一one一 · numeralquantifies 匹匹creature匹 · nounsubject of 隠れもevenも · particleparticle marking 匹隠れhide隠れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 隠れいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 隠れMoonlight slanted in from the corridor's far end, making the distance oddly bright.
廊下corridor廊下 · nounmodifies はずれのofの · particleparticle marking 廊下はずれfar endはずれ · nounoblique complement of 月がさからfromから · particleparticle marking はずれ月がさmoonlight shone月がさす · verb (compound: 月 + が + 差す, tokenized as one unit)adverbial clause on 際どくBackbone tokenization bundled 月 (moon) + が (subject) + 差す stem ("shine in") into one surface span; glossed as the whole clause's meaning.
しinする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 月がさてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 月がさ遥かfar遥か · adverbmodifies 際どく向うthe distance向こう · nounsubject of 際どくがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 向う際どくoddly際どい · adjective, adverbial formadverbial clause on 明るい明るいbright明るい · adjectivehead of the phraseVery strange indeed — I've had, since I was a child, a habit of dreaming vividly, of springing up in the middle of a dream and muttering nonsense in my sleep, and being laughed at for it more than once.
どうveryどう · adverbmodifies 変もindeedも · particleparticle marking どう変strange変 · adjectiveadverbial clause on あっだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 変おれIおれ · pronounsubject of あっはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ小供child子供 · nounmodifies 時のofの · particleparticle marking 小供時time時 · nounoblique complement of 見るからsinceから · particleparticle marking 時よくoftenよく · adverbmodifies 見る夢dream夢 · noundirect object of 見るをobjectを · particleparticle marking 夢見るhave見る · verbclause modifying 癖癖habit癖 · nounsubject of あっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 癖あっhadある · verbadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっ夢中mid-dream夢中 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 跳ねにbeingだ · auxiliary verb, continuative formauxiliary of 夢中跳ねspring跳ねる · verbadverbial clause on 云っ起きup起きる · verbadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 起きわからmake senseわかる · verbclause modifying 寝言ぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of わから寝言nonsense寝言 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 寝言云っmutter云う · verbclause modifying 事てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ人people人 · nounoblique complement of 笑わにbyに · particleparticle marking 人笑わlaugh笑う · verb, passive stemclause modifying 事れwasれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わ事thing事 · nounsubject of あるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 事よくoftenよく · adverbmodifies あるあるhappensある · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe night I dreamed, at sixteen or seventeen, that I'd picked up a diamond, I sprang to my feet and asked my brother, who was beside me, with tremendous urgency, where the diamond had got to.
十ten十 · numeralcombines with 六 (w2), forms 十六 'sixteen'六six六 · numeralcombines with 十 (w1), forms 十六 'sixteen'七or seven七 · numeralalternative digit giving '16 or 17'; modifies 時の'sの · particleattributive particle marking 十六七, modifies 時時time時 · nountemporal noun 'at the age of 16-17', adjunct to the whole sentenceダイヤモンドdiamondダイヤモンド · noundirect object of 拾っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking ダイヤモンド拾っpicked up拾う · verbclause modifying 夢た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 拾っ夢dream夢 · noundirect object of 見を(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 夢見had (a dream)見る · verbclause modifying 晩た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見晩night晩 · nountopic noun (with なぞは), sets the scene for 尋ねたなぞsuch asなど · particleparticle marking 晩, 'such as/like'colloquial Meiji-Tokyo variant of など 'and the like'.
は(topic marker)は · particletopic particle marking 晩なぞむくりabruptlyむくり · adverbmimetic adverb, modifies 立ち上がっと(manner marker)と · particleparticle marking むくり, forms the adverbial phrase立ちstood立つ · verbcombines with 上がっ, forms 立ち上がる 'stood up'上がっup上がる · verbcombines with 立ち, forms 立ち上がる; te-form links to 尋ねたてandて · subordinating conjunctionlinks 立ち上がっ to 尋ね(た)そばbesideそば · nounoblique complement of 居に(location marker)に · particleparticle marking そば居was居る · verbclause modifying 兄た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居兄brother兄 · nounindirect object of 尋ね (marked by に)に(indirect object marker)に · particleindirect object marker on 兄今just now今 · nounmodifies ダイヤモンドの'sの · particleparticle marking 今ダイヤモンドdiamondダイヤモンド · nountopic of し (embedded question 'what happened to the diamond'), marked by はは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking ダイヤモンドどうwhatどう · adverbmodifies ししhappenedする · verbverb of the quoted question, complement of と 尋ねた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しと(quote marker)と · particlequotation particle introducing the complement of 尋ね非常tremendous非常 · adjectiveadjectival noun modifying 勢 (via な)な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive form linking 非常 to 勢勢force勢 · nounoblique complement of 尋ね (instrumental, marked by で)でwithで · particleparticle marking 勢, instrumental尋ねasked尋ねる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 尋ねくらいevenくらい · particledegree particle, 'to the extent of asking'尋ねたくらいだ = 'it was to the extent that I even asked'.
だwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula completing the predicate くらいだThat time I was the family joke for a good three days and suffered plenty for it.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 時時time時 · nountopic of the sentence (marked by は), sets the scene for 弱っは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 時三three三 · numeralquantifies 日日days日 · nounduration adjunct, modifies なっばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 日, approximationうちfamilyうち · nouncompound with 中中whole中 · nouncompound with うち; modifies 笑い草の'sの · particleparticle marking 中笑い草laughingstock笑い草 · nounoblique complement of なっに(result marker)に · particleparticle marking 笑い草, resultなっbecameなる · verbadverbial clause on 弱ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっ大いにgreatly大いに · adverbmodifies 弱っ弱っsuffered弱る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 弱っIt's possible this too was a dream.
ことthingこと · nounpart of the set phrase ことによると 'perhaps'に(idiom particle)に · particleparticle marking こと, part of ことによるとよるdependよる · verbpart of the phrase ことによると, forms adverbial 'perhaps'と(idiom particle)と · subordinating conjunctioncompletes ことによると 'perhaps'ことによると is a set phrase meaning 'perhaps, possibly'.
今this今 · nounhead of the phrase, refers back to the earlier dreamのoneの · particlenominalizing particle, 今の = 'this one'もtooも · particleparticle marking 今夢a dream夢 · nounpredicate noun before か (copula omitted)かmaybeか · particleparticle marking 夢, forms かもしれないも(emphasis)も · particlepart of the phrase か知れmight知れる · verbpart of the phrase かない(negation)ない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase かかもしれない as a whole idiom means 'might be'.
But I was sure I'd truly heard them stamping about, and while I stood puzzling it over in the middle of the corridor, from the far end where the moon shone in, a shout went up — "one, two, three, waaah" — thirty or forty voices bunched together, and no sooner had it faded than, just as before, they fell into rhythm again and everyone stamped the floorboards.
しかしbutしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordinationたしかsurelyたしか · adjectiveadjectival noun, adverbial via に, modifies あばれたに(adverbializer)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer forming たしかに 'certainly'あばれmade a ruckusあばれる · verbclause modifying 違いない ('they had rampaged')た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あばれに(idiom particle)に · particleparticle forming 〜に違いない 'must be'違いdoubt違い · nouncompound with ないないnoない · adjectivecompound with 違い, forms 違いない 'no doubt'がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない, contrastiveと(quote marker)と · particlequotation particle marking the thought, introduces 考え込ん廊下corridor廊下 · nounmodifies 真中の'sの · particleparticle marking 廊下真中middle真中 · nounoblique complement of 考えでinで · particleparticle marking 真中, location考えpondered考える · verbpart of 考え込んでいる 'was pondering'; clause modifies the following clause via と (w19)込んdeeply込む · verbcompound with 考え, forms 考え込む 'ponder deeply'で(te-form)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces いる (progressive te-iru)いる(was -ing)いる · verbprogressive auxiliary of 考え込んとasと · subordinating conjunctiontemporal 'when', links 考え込んでいる to the following clause月moon月 · nounmodifies 向うの(subject marker)の · particlesubject marker of さし (within relative clause)さしshinesさす · verbclause modifying 向うて(te-form)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces いる (te-iru)いる(is -ing)いる · verbprogressive auxiliary of さし向うfar side向う · nounmodifies はずれの'sの · particleparticle marking 向うはずれfar endはずれ · nounlocation adjunct (marked by で), modifies 響いでatで · particleparticle marking はずれ, locative一二三one, two, three一二三 · nounquoted count, part of the shout 一二三わわwaah!わ · interjectionexclamatory particle, part of the shout 一二三わあとafter thatあと · adverbadverbial 'afterward', modifies 響い三四thirty/forty三四 · nouncompound with 十人十人people十人 · nounmodifies 声の'sの · particleparticle marking 十人声voices声 · nounsubject of かたまっが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 声かたまっbunched togetherかたまる · verbadverbial clause on 響いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かたまっ響いechoed響く · verbclausal complement of 思うた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 響いか(seemed as if)か · particleintroduces the clause of 響い, part of かと思うと(quote marker)と · particleparticle marking 響い, part of かと思う思うseemed思う · verbclause modifying 間間moment間 · nounpart of the idiom 間もなく 'no sooner than'もevenも · particleparticle marking 間, part of 間もなくなくwithoutない · adjectiveadverbial 'without pause', modifies the main clause 踏み鳴らした前before前 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 前ようwayよう · nounadverbial clause on 取っにasに · particleparticle forming ように 'as, like', modifies 取っ拍子rhythm拍子 · noundirect object of 取っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 拍子取っtook up取る · verbadverbial clause on 踏みてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 取っ一同everyone一同 · nounsubject of 踏みが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 一同床板floorboards床板 · noundirect object of 踏みを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 床板踏みstamped踏む · verbclause modifying 鳴らし鳴らしmade resound鳴らす · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 鳴らしSee there — it wasn't a dream after all, it's really happening.
それthere!それ · pronounexclamatory pronoun 'there!', precedes 見ろ見ろlook!見る · verbimperative, standalone exclamation ('Look!')夢a dream夢 · nounpredicate noun, complement of copula じゃ (negated)じゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 夢ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃ, negates the copulaやっぱりafter allやっぱり · adverbmodifies 事実事実reality事実 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事実"Quiet down, it's the middle of the night!" I shouted, not to be outdone, and went charging down the corridor toward them.
静かquiet静か · adjectiveadverbial clause on しろに(adverbializer)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializer, forms 静かに 'quietly'しろbe!する · verbimperative, forms command 静かにしろ 'be quiet!'夜なかmidnight夜なか · nounpredicate noun, complement of copula だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula forming predicate 夜なかだぞ(emphatic)ぞ · particlesentence-final emphatic particle, marks the exclamationと(quote marker)と · particlequotation particle marking the shouted words, introduces 出しこっちIこっち · pronounsubject of 出しもtooも · particleparticle marking こっち負けんnot to be outdone負ける · verbclause modifying 声くらいto the extent ofくらい · particledegree particle, forms 負けんくらいな 'to the extent of not losing'な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive form linking 負けんくらい to 声声voice声 · noundirect object of 出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 声出しlet out出す · verbadverbial te-form, modifies 馳けだしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し廊下corridor廊下 · nounpath object (via を) of 馳けだしを(path marker)を · particleparticle marking 廊下, path向うthe other side向う · nounoblique complement of 馳けだし, directionへtowardへ · particleparticle marking 向う, direction馳dashed馳ける · verbverb stem of 馳ける 'to dash', combines with け (w22) and だし (w23), forms 馳けだすけ(verb ending)馳ける · verbokurigana completing the stem 馳け of 馳けるだしoff出す · verbauxiliary of 馳け, forms 馳けだす 'dashed off'; main verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of だしThe path I ran along was dark, with only the moonlight showing at the far end to aim for.
おれIおれ · pronounmodifies 通るの(subject marker)の · particlesubject marker within the relative clause通るran along通る · verbclause modifying 路路path路 · nounsubject of 暗いは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 路暗いwas dark暗い · adjectivepredicate adjective of 路, main predicate of the first clauseただonlyただ · adverbmodifies 見えるはずれthe far endはずれ · nounlocation, adverbial clause on 見えるにatに · particleparticle marking はずれ, locative見えるvisible見える · verbclause modifying 月あかり月moon月 · nouncompound with あかり, forms 月あかり 'moonlight'あかり-lightあかり · nouncompound with 月; subject of 目標だが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking あかり目標target目標 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 目標I'd run about two ken when, in the middle of the corridor, I banged my shin against something hard and solid — and in the instant the "ouch" rang through my skull, my body went pitching forward flat.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 来がsubjectが · particleparticle marking おれ馳dashed馳ける · verb, continuative stemcompound with 出し馳ける (かける) is an old spelling of 駆ける, 'to run/dash'.
け(verb ending)馳ける · verb, continuative endingpart of 馳け出しout出す · verb, continuative (compound)adverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し二two二 · numeralquantifies 間間ken間 · nounoblique complement of 来A ken is a traditional unit of length, about 1.8 meters.
もas much asも · particleparticle marking 間来came来る · verbclausal complement of 思うた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来か(as if)か · particleintroduces the clause of 来とthatと · particleparticle marking 来思うthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 出さとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思う廊下corridor廊下 · nounmodifies 真中のofの · particleparticle marking 廊下真中middle真中 · nounoblique complement of ぶつけでatで · particleparticle marking 真中堅いhard堅い · adjectivemodifies もの大きなbig大きな · adjectivemodifies ものものthingもの · nounoblique complement of ぶつけにagainstに · particleparticle marking もの向front向 · nouncompound with 脛With 脛 forms 向脛 (mukōzune), 'shin'.
脛shin脛 · noundirect object of ぶつけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 脛ぶつけbangedぶつける · verbadverbial clause on 出さてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ぶつけあowあ · interjectioncompound with 痛い痛いouch痛い · adjectivesubject of ひびくがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 痛い頭head頭 · nounoblique complement of ひびくへtoへ · particleparticle marking 頭ひびくrangひびく · verbclause modifying 間間moment間 · nounoblique complement of 出さにduringに · particleparticle marking 間身体body身体 · nounsubject of 出さはtopicは · particleparticle marking 身体すとんwith a thudすとん · adverbadverbial clause on 出さと(adverbial)と · particleparticle marking すとん前forward前 · nounoblique complement of 出さへtowardへ · particleparticle marking 前抛りflung抛る · verb, continuative stemcompound with 出さ出さout出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceれ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出さた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出さ"Damn it," I said, scrambling up, but I couldn't run.
こんthisこの · determinermodifies 畜生こん is a colloquial contraction of この; こん畜生 is an exclamation, 'damn it!'
畜生beast畜生 · nounoblique complement of 起きA curse word literally meaning 'beast'; used as 'damn it!'
とquoteと · particleparticle marking 畜生起きrose起きる · verbmain verb of the sentence上がっup上がる · verbadverbial clause on 起きてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっみtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっ馳run馳ける · verb, continuative stemhead of the phraseけら(can)られる · auxiliary verb, potentialadverbial clause on 馳れ(potential)られる · auxiliary verb, potentialauxiliary of けらない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of けらMy mind was in a hurry, but my legs simply wouldn't obey.
気mind気 · nounsubject of せくはtopicは · particleparticle marking 気せくhurriesせく · verbadverbial clause on 利かがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of せく足legs足 · nounsubject of 利かだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking 足はtopicは · particleparticle marking 足云うsay云う · verbclause modifying 事事orders事 · noundirect object of 利かをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事利かobey利く · verbmain verb of the sentenceない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 利かImpatient, I went hopping along on one foot, and by the time I got there even the footsteps and voices had gone dead quiet — silent as the grave.
じれったいimpatientじれったい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 飛んからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of じれったい一one一 · numeralcompound with 足本(counter)本 · nouncompound with 足足foot足 · nounoblique complement of 飛んでwithで · particleparticle marking 足飛んhopped飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 来でandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 飛ん来came来る · verbadverbial clause on 静まりたら(when)たら · auxiliary verb, conditionalauxiliary of 来もうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 足音足音footsteps足音 · nounsubject of 静まりもevenも · particleparticle marking 足音人声voices人声 · nounsubject of 静まりもevenも · particleparticle marking 人声静まりquieted静まる · verbadverbial clause on し返っcompletely返る · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返っ森hushed森 · nounoblique complement of し森として(いる) is a fixed idiom (森 read しん, cf. 森閑・森然) meaning 'hushed, dead quiet' — not literal 'forest'; the translation ('gone dead quiet — silent as the grave') confirms no forest is meant.
と(manner)と · particleparticle marking 森しwasする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいる(state)いる · verbpart of the phrase てHowever cowardly people can be, they can't ordinarily manage to be this cowardly.
いくらhoweverいくら · adverbmodifies 出来る人間people人間 · nounsubject of 卑怯がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 人間卑怯cowardly卑怯 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出来るだ(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 卑怯ってeven ifって · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 卑怯こんなthisこんな · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出来るにextentに · particlepart of the phrase こんな卑怯cowardly卑怯 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 出来るにasに · particleparticle marking 卑怯出来るmanage出来る · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseじゃ(is)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものない(not)ない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃMight as well be pigs.
まるでjust likeまるで · adverbmodifies 豚豚pigs豚 · nounhead of the phraseだ(is)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 豚Since it had come to this, I made up my mind to drag out whoever was hiding and make them apologize, and I tried to open one of the dormitory rooms to search it, but it wouldn't open.
こうthusこう · adverbmodifies なれなれbecomesなる · verbadverbial clause on 極めてばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なれ隠れhides隠れる · verbclause modifying 奴てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 隠れいる(state)いる · verbpart of the phrase て奴guy奴 · noundirect object of 引きをobjectを · particleparticle marking 奴引きdrag引く · verbadverbial clause on ひかずりalongずる · verb, continuativeadverbial clause on ひか出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on ひかてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しあやまらapologizeあやまる · verbadverbial clause on ひかせ(make)せる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あやまらてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あやまらやる(for them)やる · verbpart of the phrase てまでuntilまで · particleintroduces the clause of あやまらはtopicは · particleparticle marking までひかrelent引く · verbmain verb of the quoted clauseない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ひかぞ(emphasis)ぞ · particleintroduces the clause of ひかとquoteと · particleparticle marking ひか心mind心 · noundirect object of 極めてをobjectを · particleparticle marking 心極めてresolved極める · verbadverbial clause on 開け寝室dormitory寝室 · nounmodifies つのofの · particleparticle marking 寝室一one一 · numeralquantifies つつ(one)つ · noundirect object of 開けをobjectを · particleparticle marking つ開けopened開ける · verbadverbial clause on 検査てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 開け中inside中 · noundirect object of 検査をobjectを · particleparticle marking 中検査search検査 · verbclausal complement of 思っしよう(intend to)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 検査とthatと · particleparticle marking 検査思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 開かた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ開かopen開く · verbmain verb of the sentenceない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 開かWhether it was locked, or had a desk or something propped against it, push as I might, it absolutely would not open.
錠lock錠 · noundirect object of かけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 錠かけlockedかける · verbadverbial clause on 開かてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かけある(state)ある · verbpart of the phrase ての(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かけかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of かけ机desk机 · nounoblique complement of 積んかorか · particleparticle marking 机何something何 · pronounoblique complement of 積んかorか · particleparticle marking 何積んpiled積む · verbadverbial clause on 開かでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 積ん立てpropped立てる · verbadverbial clause on 開か懸けleaned懸ける · verbcompound with 立ててandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 懸けある(state)ある · verbpart of the phrase ての(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 懸けかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of 懸け押しpushed押す · verbadverbial clause on 開かてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 押しもevenも · particleparticle marking 押し押しpushed押す · verbadverbial clause on 開かてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 押しもevenも · particleparticle marking 押し決してnever決して · adverbmodifies 開か開かopen開く · verbmain verb of the sentenceない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 開かNext I tried the room facing it on the north side.
今度next今度 · nounoblique complement of 試みはtopicは · particleparticle marking 今度向うfacing向う · nouncompound with 合せ合せopposite合せ · nounmodifies 北側のofの · particleparticle marking 合せ北側north side北側 · nounmodifies 室のofの · particleparticle marking 北側室room室 · noundirect object of 試みをobjectを · particleparticle marking 室試みtried試みる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 試みSame story — it wouldn't open either.
開かopen開く · verbclause modifying 事ない(not)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 開か事fact事 · nounsubject of 同然はtopicは · particleparticle marking 事やっぱりlikewiseやっぱり · adverbmodifies 同然同然the same同然 · adjectivehead of the phraseで(is)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 同然ある(is)ある · verbpart of the phrase でJust as I was growing impatient, meaning to open the door and grab whoever was inside, another war-whoop and stamping of feet started up again at the east end.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of やろうが(subject)が · particleparticle marking おれ戸door戸 · noundirect object of 開けを(object)を · particleparticle marking 戸開けopen開ける · verbadverbial clause on やろうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 開け中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 居るにinに · particleparticle marking 中居るis居る · verbclause modifying 奴奴whoever奴 · noundirect object of 捕らまえを(object)を · particleparticle marking 奴引forcibly引く · verbcompound with っ引っ捕らまえる is an emphatic compound of 捕らまえる 'catch'; 引 supplies the intensifying force.
っ(emphatic)っ · particlegemination marking 捕らまえ捕らまえcatch捕らまえる · verbadverbial clause on やろうてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 捕らまえやろうmeaning toやる · verbadverbial clause on 焦慮と(thinking)と · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やろう焦慮grew impatient焦慮 · verbadverbial clause on 始まってるwasてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 焦慮とasと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 焦慮またagainまた · conjunctionlinks the coordination東east東 · nounmodifies はずれの'sの · particleparticle marking 東はずれendはずれ · nounoblique complement of 始まっでatで · particleparticle marking はずれ鬨の声war-whoop鬨の声 · nounmodifies 拍子とandと · particleparticle marking 鬨の声足foot足 · nouncompound with 拍子拍子stamping拍子 · nounsubject of 始まっが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 拍子始まっstarted始まる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 始まっThese rascals must have arranged it between them, east and west answering each other to make a fool of me, I thought, but for the life of me I couldn't figure out what to do about it.
このtheseこの · determinerdeterminer of 野郎野郎rascals野郎 · nounmodifies 気申しarranged申す · verbclause modifying 気合せtogether合せる · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 合せ東西east and west東西 · nounoblique complement of 応じ相mutually相 · nouncompound with 応じ応じanswering応ずる · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 応じおれmeおれ · noundirect object of するを(object)を · particleparticle marking おれ馬鹿a fool馬鹿 · adjectiveadverbial clause on するにintoに · particleparticle marking 馬鹿するmakeする · verbclause modifying 気気intention気 · nounadverbial clause on 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 気なsurelyな · particleintroduces the clause of 気Sentence-final な here marks the speaker's own conviction, not a request for agreement.
とthatと · particleparticle marking 気は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 気思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 分らた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っさてwellさて · adverbmodifies 分らどうhowどう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · auxiliary verbadverbial clause on 分らてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいいgoodいい · adjectivepart of the phrase てかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of し分らfigure out分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないcouldn'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らTo be perfectly honest, my courage outstrips my cleverness by quite a margin.
正直honest正直 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 白状に(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking 正直白状confess白状 · verbadverbial clause on 足りしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 白状てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 白状しまうgo ahead andしまう · verbpart of the phrase てがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 白状おれIおれ · nounsubject of 足りは(topic)は · particleparticle marking おれ勇気courage勇気 · nounmodifies あるの(subject)の · particleparticle marking 勇気あるhavingある · verbclause modifying 割合割合proportion割合 · nounoblique complement of 足りにrelative toに · particleparticle marking 割合智慧wit智慧 · nounsubject of 足りが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 智慧足りis enough足りる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 足りAt a time like this I hadn't the faintest idea what to do.
こんなlike thisこんな · pronounmodifies 時時time時 · nounoblique complement of しにatに · particleparticle marking 時は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 時どうhowどう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · auxiliary verbadverbial clause on わからてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいいgoodいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of しさっぱりat allさっぱり · adverbmodifies わからわからknewわかる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of わからI didn't know what to do, but I had absolutely no intention of losing.
わからknowわかる · verbadverbial clause on ないないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of わからけれどalthoughけれど · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of わからも(even so)も · particleparticle marking わから決してnever決して · adverbmodifies 負ける負けるlose負ける · verbclause modifying つもりつもりintentionつもり · nounsubject of ないは(topic)は · particleparticle marking つもりないhad noneない · adjectivehead of the phraseTo let this pass unanswered would be a stain on my honor.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of ままままas isまま · nounoblique complement of 済ましに(adverbial)に · particleparticle marking まま済ましlet pass済ます · verbadverbial clause on かかわるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 済ましは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 済ましおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔honor顔 · nounoblique complement of かかわるにonに · particleparticle marking 顔かかわるwould stainかかわる · verbmain verb of the sentenceIt'd be a shame to have it said that an Edokko has no backbone.
江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · noundepends on ないは(topic)は · particleparticle marking っ子意気地backbone意気地 · nounsubject of ないが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 意気地ないhas noneない · adjectiveclausal complement of 云わとthatと · particleparticle marking ない云わis said云う · verbdepends on 残念れる(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云わのthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云わは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 云わ残念a shame残念 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 残念If word got round that I'd been made a fool of by a pack of snot-nosed brats on night duty, found myself helpless, and swallowed it because there was nothing I could do, I'd be disgraced for life.
宿直night duty宿直 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 宿直しdoingする · verbadverbial clause on からかわてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し鼻垂れsnot-nosed鼻垂れ · nouncompound with 小僧小僧brats小僧 · nounoblique complement of からかわにbyに · particleparticle marking 小僧からかわwas made a fool ofからかう · verbadverbial clause on なくっれ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of からかわてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of からかわ手hand手 · nounmodifies つけの(attributive)の · particleparticle marking 手つけhandleつける · verbsubject of なくっようway toよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけが(subject)が · particleparticle marking つけなくっthere being noneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なくっ仕方way仕方 · nounsubject of ないが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 仕方ないthere being noneない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 泣きからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない泣きcried泣く · verbadverbial clause on し寝入りmyself to sleep寝入り · nounoblique complement of しに(into)に · particleparticle marking 寝入りしmade itする · verbclausal complement of 思わた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しとthatと · particleparticle marking し思わis thought思う · verbclause modifying 名折れれ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思わちゃifちゃ · particleintroduces the clause of 思わちゃ is the colloquial contraction of ~ては, a conditional 'if/when' marker.
一生lifetime一生 · nounmodifies 名折れの'sの · particleparticle marking 一生名折れdisgrace名折れ · nounhead of the phraseだwould beだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 名折れEven so, I come from hatamoto stock.
これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 旗本で(even)で · particleparticle marking これもeven soも · particleparticle marking これ元formerly元 · nounsubject of 旗本は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 元旗本hatamoto旗本 · nounhead of the phraseだwereだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 旗本Our line descends from the Seiwa Genji, from the line of Tada no Manjū himself.
旗本hatamoto旗本 · proper nounmodifies 元の'sの · particleparticle marking 旗本元origin元 · nounsubject of 氏は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 元清和Seiwa清和 · proper nouncompound with 氏源Genji源 · proper nouncompound with 氏氏clan氏 · nounclause modifying 後裔でis, andだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 氏多田Tada多田 · proper nounmodifies 満仲の'sの · particleparticle marking 多田満仲Manjū満仲 · proper nounmodifies 後裔の'sの · particleparticle marking 満仲後裔descendant後裔 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 後裔I was born different from these dirt farmers.
こんなtheseこんな · pronounmodifies 百姓土country土 · proper nouncompound with 百姓百姓bumpkins百姓 · nounoblique complement of しとfromと · particleparticle marking 百姓は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 百姓生まれbirth生まれ · nounoblique complement of しからfromから · particleparticle marking 生まれしevenする · auxiliary verbadverbial clause on 違う生まれからして is the idiom 'right from birth, even'; し and て together intensify から.
て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し違うis different違う · verbmain verb of the sentenceん(the fact is)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 違うだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んThe only pity is I haven't the cleverness to match.
ただonlyただ · adverblinks the coordination智慧cleverness智慧 · nounmodifies ないの(subject)の · particleparticle marking 智慧ないlackingない · adjectiveclause modifying ところところthe factところ · nounsubject of 惜しいが(subject)が · particleparticle marking ところ惜しいa pity惜しい · adjectivehead of the phraseだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking 惜しいだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 惜しいThe only trouble is not knowing what to do.
どうhowどう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · verbadverbial clause on 分らてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいいgoodいい · adjectivepart of the phrase てかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of し分らknowing分る · verbdepends on 困るないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らのthe fact ofの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分らが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 分ら困るis the trouble困る · verbmain verb of the sentenceだけonlyだけ · particleintroduces the clause of 困るだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 困るBeing in trouble doesn't mean I'll lose.
困っbeing in trouble困る · verbadverbial clause on 負けるたってeven ifたって · particleintroduces the clause of 困っ負けるlose負ける · verbclause modifying ものもの(the idea)もの · nounhead of the phraseかas if!か · particleparticle marking もの~ものか is a rhetorical negation idiom: 'as if I would ~!' i.e. certainly not.
It's precisely because I'm honest that I don't know what to do.
正直honest正直 · noun (na-adjective)predicate complement of だだamだ · auxiliary verbcopula, predicate of 正直からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionmarks reason clause, modifies 分らどうhowどう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · verbforms clause 'what to do', object of 分らてandて · subordinating conjunctionlinks し to いいいいis okayいい · adjectivepredicate of the clause, with しかwhetherか · particlemarks embedded question, object of 分ら分らknow分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないdon'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分らんだ adds an explanatory, emphatic tone to the statement.
だisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んJust think about it — is there anything in this world that beats honesty in the end?
世の中world世の中 · nounoblique complement of 勝たにinに · particleparticle marking 世の中正直honesty正直 · noun (na-adjective)subject of 勝たが[subject]が · particleparticle marking 正直勝たwin勝つ · verbadverbial clause on あるないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勝たでwithoutで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勝た外elsewhere外 · nounoblique complement of 勝つにbesidesに · particleparticle marking 外勝つwins勝つ · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounsubject of あるが[subject]が · particleparticle marking ものあるis thereある · verbadverbial clause on 考えかwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of ある考えthink考える · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えみろtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てIf I don't win tonight, I'll win tomorrow.
今夜tonight今夜 · nouncompound with 中中within中 · nounoblique complement of 勝てにbyに · particleparticle marking 中勝てcan win勝てる · verbadverbial clause on 勝つなけれif notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勝てばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勝てあしたtomorrowあした · nounmodifies 勝つ勝つwin勝つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceIf I don't win tomorrow, I'll win the day after.
あしたtomorrowあした · nounmodifies 勝て勝てcan win勝てる · verbadverbial clause on 勝つなけれif notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勝てばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勝てあさってday after tomorrowあさって · adverbmodifies 勝つ勝つwin勝つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceIf I don't win the day after, I'll have my meals sent up from my lodgings and stay right here until I do.
あさってday after tomorrowあさって · adverbmodifies 勝て勝てcan win勝てる · verbadverbial clause on 居るなけれif notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 勝てばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 勝て下宿lodgings下宿 · nounoblique complement of 取り寄せからfromから · particleparticle marking 下宿弁当meals弁当 · noundirect object of 取り寄せを[object]を · particleparticle marking 弁当取りfetch取る · verbadverbial clause on 居る寄せhave sent寄せる · verbcompound with 取り, adverbial clause on 居るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寄せ勝つwin勝つ · verbclause modifying 居る via までまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 勝つここhereここ · pronounoblique complement of 居るにatに · particleparticle marking ここ居るstay居る · verbmain verb of the sentenceHaving made up my mind to that, I sat cross-legged in the middle of the corridor and waited for morning to come.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of しは[topic]は · particleparticle marking おれこうthisこう · adverbmodifies し決心resolution決心 · noundirect object of しを[object]を · particleparticle marking 決心しmadeする · verbadverbial clause on かいた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し廊下corridor廊下 · nounmodifies 真中の'sの · particleparticle marking 廊下真中middle真中 · nounoblique complement of かいへinへ · particleparticle marking 真中あぐらcross-legged positionあぐら · noundirect object of かいを[object]を · particleparticle marking あぐらかいsatかく · verbadverbial clause on 待ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かい夜night夜 · nounmodifies あけるの[subject]の · particleparticle marking 夜あけるcomeあける · verbpredicate of 夜, clause modifying のあける = for night to dawn/break; the translation renders it as 'come'.
の(that)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes the clause of あけるを[object]を · particleparticle marking あける待っwaited待つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 待っいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 待っThe mosquitoes came buzzing at me, but it didn't bother me in the least.
蚊mosquitoes蚊 · nounsubject of 来が[subject]が · particleparticle marking 蚊ぶんぶんbuzzingぶんぶん · adverbmodifies 来来came来る · verbadverbial clause on なかった(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来けれどbutけれど · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来も(but)も · particleparticle marking 来何anything何 · pronounoblique complement of なかっとin any wayと · particleparticle marking 何もat allも · particleparticle marking 何なかっwas notない · adjectivemain verb (predicate) of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なかっWhen I felt the shin I'd banged earlier, it was strangely sticky.
さっきearlierさっき · adverbmodifies ぶつけぶつけbangedぶつける · verbclause modifying 脛た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぶつけ向front向 · nouncompound with 脛脛shin脛 · noundirect object of 撫でを[object]を · particleparticle marking 脛撫でfelt撫でる · verbadverbial clause on ぬらぬらてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 撫でみるtriedみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 撫で何somehow何 · pronounadverbial clause on ぬらぬらだ(link)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何か(uncertainty)か · particleintroduces the clause of 何ぬらぬらstickyぬらぬら · adverbmain verb (predicate head) of the sentenceするisする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぬらぬらMust be bleeding.
血blood血 · nounsubject of 出るが[subject]が · particleparticle marking 血出るcomes out出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出るだろうmust beだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んIf it wants to bleed, let it bleed, for all I care.
血blood血 · nounsubject of 出なんかor whateverなんか · particleparticle marking 血出comes out出る · verbadverbial clause on いいたけれwants toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出ばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出勝手にfreely勝手に · adverbmodifies 出る出るcomes out出る · verbadverbial clause on いいが(permissive)が · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出るいいis fineいい · adjectivehead of the phraseBefore long, the fatigue from everything before caught up with me, and I dozed off without meaning to.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of うちうちbefore longうち · nounoblique complement of 出最前earlier最前 · nounmodifies 疲れからfromから · particleparticle marking 最前のofの · particleparticle marking 最前疲れfatigue疲れ · nounsubject of 出が[subject]が · particleparticle marking 疲れ出emerged出る · verbadverbial clause on 寝てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出ついunintentionallyつい · adverbmodifies 寝うとうとdrowsilyうとうと · adverbmodifies 寝寝dozed off寝る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝しまっended upしまう · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝Some commotion woke me, and finding myself awake I thought, "damn it, I've slept," and leapt up.
何somehow何 · pronounadverbial clause on 騒がしいだ(link)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何か(uncertainty)か · particleintroduces the clause of 何騒がしいnoisy騒がしい · adjectiveadverbial reason clause on 覚めの(that)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes the clause of 騒がしいでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase の眼eyes眼 · nounsubject of 覚めが[subject]が · particleparticle marking 眼覚めwoke覚める · verbclause modifying 時た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 覚め時when時 · nountopic of the following clauseは[topic]は · particleparticle marking 時えっoh noえっ · interjectionintroduces quoted thought, with 糞糞damn糞 · nounpart of quoted thought, with しまっしまっmessed upしまう · verbpredicate of quoted thoughtた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しまっと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 糞しまった (quotative)飛びleapt飛ぶ · verbmain verb of the sentence上がっup上がる · verbcompound with 飛びた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっThe door on my right, where I'd been sitting, was half open, and two students stood in front of me.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 坐っの[subject]の · particleparticle marking おれ坐っsat坐る · verbclause modifying 右側てwasて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces contracted continuous aux (坐ってた)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 坐っ右側right side右側 · nounoblique complement of あるにatに · particleparticle marking 右側あるlocatedある · verbclause modifying 戸戸door戸 · nounsubject of あいが[subject]が · particleparticle marking 戸半分half半分 · adverbmodifies あいあいwas openあく · verbadverbial clause on 立ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あい生徒students生徒 · nounsubject of 立っが[subject]が · particleparticle marking 生徒二人two二人 · nounquantifier modifying 生徒, adverbial on 立っおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 前の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ前front前 · nounoblique complement of 立っにinに · particleparticle marking 前立っstood立つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 立っいる(continuous)いる · verbpart of the phrase てComing to my senses with a start, I grabbed the nearer boy's leg right in front of my nose and yanked with all my strength, and down he went, flat on his back.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 返っは(topic)は · particleparticle marking おれ正気senses正気 · nounadverbial clause on 返っ正気に返る "come to one's senses"
にtoに · particleparticle marking 正気返っcame back返る · verbadverbial clause on 引いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返っはっとwith a startはっと · adverbmodifies 思う思うrealized思う · verbclause modifying 途端途端moment途端 · nounoblique complement of 攫んにatに · particleparticle marking 途端おれmyおれ · nounmodifies 鼻の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ鼻nose鼻 · nounmodifies 先の'sの · particleparticle marking 鼻先front先 · nounoblique complement of あるにatに · particleparticle marking 先あるwasある · verbclause modifying 足生徒student生徒 · nounmodifies 足の'sの · particleparticle marking 生徒足leg足 · noundirect object of 攫んを(object)を · particleparticle marking 足引(intensifier)引く · verb stemcompound with 攫んっ(intensive)っ · particlecompound with 攫ん攫んgrabbed攫む · verbadverbial clause on 引いでandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 攫ん力任せfull force力任せ · nounadverbial clause on 引いにwithに · particleparticle marking 力任せぐいwith a jerkぐい · adverbadverbial clause on 引いと(manner)と · particleparticle marking ぐい引いyanked引く · verbadverbial clause on 倒れたらwhenたら · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 引いそいつheそいつ · pronounsubject of 倒れは(topic)は · particleparticle marking そいつどたりwith a thudどたり · nounoblique complement of 倒れと(manner)と · particleparticle marking どたり仰face仰 · nouncompound with 向向up向 · nounoblique complement of 倒れ仰向 together = "face up, on one's back"
にontoに · particleparticle marking 向倒れfell倒れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 倒れServes him right.
ざまstateざま · noundirect object of 見ろidiom ざまを見ろ "serves you right"
を(object)を · particleparticle marking ざま見ろlook!見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceThe other one, caught off guard for a moment, I sprang on, grabbed him by the shoulder and cuffed him around two or three times, and he blinked in bewilderment.
残るremaining残る · verbclause modifying 一人一人one一人 · nounsubject of 狼狽が(subject)が · particleparticle marking 一人ちょっとa bitちょっと · adverbmodifies 狼狽狼狽flustered狼狽 · verbclause modifying ところし(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狼狽た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 狼狽ところmomentところ · noundirect object of 飛びかかっを(object)を · particleparticle marking ところ飛びsprang飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 抑えかかっat himかかる · verbadverbial clause on 抑えてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かかっ肩shoulders肩 · noundirect object of 抑えを(object)を · particleparticle marking 肩抑えpinned抑える · verbadverbial clause on 廻してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 抑え二三two or three二三 · numeralcompound with 度度times度 · nounoblique complement of 廻しこづきpokedこづく · verbadverbial clause on 廻し廻しshook廻す · verbadverbial clause on 取らたらwhenたら · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 廻しあっけbewildermentあっけ · nounoblique complement of 取らにinに · particleparticle marking あっけ取らcaught取る · verbadverbial clause on ぱちぱちれ(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 取らてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 取ら眼eyes眼 · noundirect object of ぱちぱちを(object)を · particleparticle marking 眼ぱちぱちblink blinkぱちぱち · adverbmodifies ささmadeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceせ(causative)せる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of さた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of さ"Come with me to my room," I said, hauling him along, and, being a coward at heart apparently, he followed along without a word of protest.
さあcome onさあ · interjectionintroduces the command 来いおれmyおれ · nounmodifies 部屋の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 来いまでtoまで · particleparticle marking 部屋来いcome!来る · verbquoted command, complement of 引っ立てると(quote)と · particleparticle marking 来い引っhauled引く · verb stemcompound with 立てる立てるoff立てる · verbadverbial clause on 見えとwhenと · particleparticle marking 立てる弱虫coward弱虫 · nounadverbial clause on 見えだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 弱虫と(quote)と · particleparticle marking 弱虫見えseemed見える · verbadverbial clause on いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見え一one一 · numeralsubject of なくもevenも · particleparticle marking 一二two二 · numeralsubject of なくもevenも · particleparticle marking 二なくwithoutない · adjectiveadverbial clause on い一も二もなく idiom "without a word of protest"
尾follow追う · verb stemcompound with い尾 is an ateji (kun-reading お) standing in for 追う's stem 追い; 尾いて = 追いて "following"
いfollowed追う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of い来came来る · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いBy now it was well past dawn.
夜night夜 · nounsubject of あけは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 夜とうlongとう · adverbmodifies あけにsinceに · particleparticle marking とうあけdawnedあける · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あけいるhasいる · verbpart of the phrase て- 19
When I set about interrogating the pair I'd hauled back to the night-duty room, being pigs — hit them or beat them, pigs is all they are — they just played dumb and stuck to it, refusing to confess no matter what.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 連れが(subject)が · particleparticle marking おれ宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 連れへtoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋連れbrought連れる · verbclause modifying 奴てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 連れきhereくる · verbadverbial clause on 連れた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 連れ奴guy奴 · noundirect object of 詰問を(object)を · particleparticle marking 奴詰問interrogated詰問 · verbclause modifying がなし(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 詰問始めるbegan始める · verbadverbial clause on 詰問とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 詰問豚pigs豚 · nountopic, resumed by だは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 豚打っhit打つ · verbadverbial clause on 擲いてeven ifて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 打っもevenも · particleparticle marking 打っ擲いbeat擲く · verbadverbial clause on 豚てeven ifて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 擲いもevenも · particleparticle marking 擲い豚pigs豚 · nounadverbial clause on 知らだareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 豚からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 豚ただjustただ · adverbmodifies 知ら知らknow知る · verbclause modifying がなんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らがなplaying dumbがな · interjectionadverbial clause on 白状知らんがな, colloquial "I dunno" attitude
でwithだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to がなどこanywhereどこ · pronounoblique complement of 通すまでtoまで · particleparticle marking どこもevenも · particleparticle marking どこ通すstick to it通す · verbadverbial clause on 見え了見intention了見 · nounoblique complement of 見えと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 了見見えseemed見える · verbadverbial clause on 白状てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見えけっしてneverけっして · adverbmodifies 白状白状confess白状 · verbmain verb of the sentenceし(did)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 白状ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 白状 Meanwhile more of them kept showing up — one, then another — gradually gathering from the second floor down to the night-duty room.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of うちうちbefore longうち · nounoblique complement of 一人一人one person一人 · nounsubject of 来る来るcomes来る · verbadverbial clause on 集まっ二人two people二人 · nounsubject of 来る来るcome来る · verbadverbial clause on 集まっだんだんgraduallyだんだん · adverbmodifies 集まっ二two二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounoblique complement of 集まっからfromから · particleparticle marking 階宿直night-duty宿直 · nouncompound with 部屋部屋room部屋 · nounoblique complement of 集まっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 部屋集まっgather集まる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 集まっくるcomeくる · verbpart of the phrase てLooking them over, they were all drooping sleepy-eyed.
見るlooking見る · verbadverbial clause on はらしとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見るみんなeveryoneみんな · adverbmodifies はらし眠sleepy眠い · adjectiveadverbial clause on はらしそうseeminglyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 眠に-lyに · particleparticle marking 眠そう瞼eyelids瞼 · noundirect object of はらしを(object)を · particleparticle marking 瞼はらしwere puffyはらす · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はらしいるwereいる · verbpart of the phrase てStingy little wretches, the lot of them.
けちstingyけち · adjectiveclause modifying 等な(attrib.)だ · auxiliary verbattributive auxiliary of けち奴guys奴 · nouncompound with 等等lot等 · nounhead of the phraseだareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 等Do they call it manly, going about with faces like that after not sleeping a wink all night?
一one一 · numeralquantifies 晩晩night晩 · nounoblique complement of 寝ぐらいaboutぐらい · particleparticle marking 晩寝sleep寝る · verbadverbial clause on しないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝でwithoutで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝そんなsuch aそんな · pronounmodifies 面面face面 · noundirect object of しを(object)を · particleparticle marking 面しmakingする · verbadverbial clause on 云わてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し男a man男 · nounoblique complement of 云わと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 男云わcalled云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceれる(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云わか(question)か · particleintroduces the clause of 云わ"Go wash your faces and then come argue with me," I told them, but not one of them went off to wash.
面face面 · nounoblique complement of 洗っで(object)で · particleparticle marking 面もat leastも · particleparticle marking 面洗っwash洗う · verbadverbial clause on 来いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 洗っ議論argument議論 · nounoblique complement of 来いにtoに · particleparticle marking 議論来いcome!来る · verbclausal complement of 云っと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 来い云っtold云う · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っやっ(did for them)やる · verbadverbial clause on 行かた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっ誰anyone誰 · pronounsubject of 行かもevenも · particleparticle marking 誰面face面 · noundirect object of 洗いを(object)を · particleparticle marking 面洗いwash洗う · verbadverbial clause on 行かにtoに · particleparticle marking 洗い行かgo行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行か- 20
I was in the middle of about an hour's back-and-forth with fifty-odd of them when, all of a sudden, the Badger came ambling in.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of しはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ五five五 · numeralcompound with 十人, forms 五十人 'fifty'十人ten people十人 · nouncompound with 五, forms 五十人あまり-oddあまり · nounmodifies 五十人 (approximation)をobject markerを · particleparticle marking あまり相手opponents相手 · nounoblique complement of し, idiom 相手にするにasに · particleparticle marking 相手約about約 · adverbmodifies 一時間一one一 · numeralquantifies 時間時間hour時間 · nounoblique complement of しばかりor soばかり · particleparticle marking 時間, approximation押back-and-forth押問答 · nouncompound with 問答押問答 'wrangling, argument' is one compound noun split across two tokens.
問答argument問答 · noundirect object of し, compound with 押をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 問答しwas doingする · verbadverbial clause on 来 (していると)てandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects し to いる (progressive)いるwasいる · verbauxiliary of し, progressive markerとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっ来ひょっくりsuddenlyひょっくり · adverbmodifies やって来た狸the Badger狸 · nounsubject of やっ来がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 狸やっalongやる · verbcompound with 来, forms やって来る 'came along'てandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects やっ to 来来came来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来 I heard afterward that the janitor had gone out of his way to tell him there was a commotion at the school.
あとafterwardあと · nounoblique complement of 聞いからafterから · particleparticle marking あと聞いheard聞く · verbadverbial clause on 行ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い, conditional小使the janitor小使 · nounsubject of 行っがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 小使学校at school学校 · nounoblique complement of ありにatに · particleparticle marking 学校騒動commotion騒動 · nounsubject of ありがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 騒動ありthere isある · verbquoted content, introduces 知ら via ってますpoliteます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありってthatって · particlemarks quotation, introduces 知らって here is the colloquial quotative particle, like と言って.
わざわざdeliberatelyわざわざ · adverbmodifies 知ら知らtell知る · verbpurpose clause on 行っせcausativeせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知ら, causativeにtoに · particleparticle marking 知らせ, purpose行っwent行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っのexplanatoryの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行っ, nominalizerだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase のそうI heardそうだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っ, hearsay markerだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っ, part of そうだそうだ here is the hearsay auxiliary ('I heard that...'), not the copula.
To call in the principal over a thing this trifling shows a shocking lack of backbone.
これしきthis triflingこれしき · pronounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking これしき事a matter事 · nounoblique complement of なさにoverに · particleparticle marking 事校長the principal校長 · noundirect object of 呼ぶをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 校長呼ぶcall in呼ぶ · verbsubject clause of なさなんてthe idea ofなんて · particlemarks 呼ぶ as subject of なさなんて marks the preceding clause with a dismissive 'the very idea of' tone.
意気地backbone意気地 · nounsubject of なさがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 意気地なさlackingない · adjectivecompound with 過ぎる過ぎるfar too過ぎる · verbmain verb of the sentenceThat's exactly why he's stuck being a middle-school janitor.
それthatそれ · pronountopic of だからだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to それからthat's whyから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounmodifies 小使の'sの · particleparticle marking 学校小使janitor小使 · noundirect object of しなんぞthe likes ofなんぞ · particleparticle marking 小使なんぞ is a belittling 'such as, the likes of' particle.
をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 小使しis beingする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるstuck -ingてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し, progressiveんexplanatoryの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し, nominalizerだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん- 21
The principal heard my account of things through once.
校長the principal校長 · nounsubject of 聞いはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 校長ひと通りonce throughひと通り · adverbmodifies 聞いおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 説明の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ説明account説明 · noundirect object of 聞いをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 説明聞いheard聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い He also listened a little to what the students had to say for themselves.
生徒the students'生徒 · nounmodifies 言草の'sの · particleparticle marking 生徒言草words言草 · noundirect object of 聞いもalsoも · particleparticle marking 言草, also object markerちょっとa littleちょっと · adverbmodifies 聞い聞いlistened聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い"Until further disciplinary action is decided, come to school as usual.
追っlater on追って · adverbmodifies 処分する, idiom 追ってて(particle)て · subordinating conjunctionpart of 追って ('later')処分disciplinary action処分 · nounmodifies までするtake actionする · verbpredicate of 処分, modifies までまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 処分するはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking まで今now今 · nounoblique complement of 出ろまでuntilまで · particleparticle marking 今通りas usual通り · nounmodifies 出ろ学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 出ろへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校出ろcome出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceHurry up, wash your faces, and eat breakfast, or you won't be on time," he said, and let all the boarders go free.
早くquickly早い · adjectivemodifies 洗っ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 洗っをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 顔洗っwash洗う · verbadverbial clause on 食わてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 洗っ to 食わ朝飯breakfast朝飯 · noundirect object of 食わをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 朝飯食わeat食う · verbadverbial clause on 間に合わないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食わとif...notと · particleparticle marking 食わ, conditional時間in time時間 · nounoblique complement of 間に合わにtoに · particleparticle marking 時間間に合わmake it in time間に合う · verbadverbial clause on 云っないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 間に合わからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ早くquickly早い · adjectivemodifies しろしろdo itする · verbpredicate of quoted command, complement of 云っとquote markerと · particlemarks quotation, introduces 云っ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 放免てandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 云っ to 放免寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 生生students生 · noundirect object of 放免をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 生みんなallみんな · adverbmodifies 放免放免released放免 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 放免たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 放免Awfully soft-handed of him.
手hand手ぬるい · nouncompound, part of 手ぬるい温warm手ぬるい · nouncompound, part of 手ぬるいるいhalfhearted手ぬるい · adjectivemodifies 事, compound 手ぬるい 'lenient'手ぬるい (here spelled 手温るい) is one word meaning 'too lenient, soft', split across three tokens by the tagger.
事a thing事 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事If it were up to me, I'd expel the whole lot of them on the spot.
おれIおれ · pronountopic of なら, conditionalならif it wereだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of おれ, conditional marker即席on the spot即席 · nounoblique complement of 退校にonに · particleparticle marking 即席寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 生生students生 · noundirect object of 退校をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 生ことごとくall of themことごとく · adverbmodifies 退校退校expel退校 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 退校てandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 退校し to しまうしまうcompletelyしまう · verbauxiliary of 退校, completive aspectIt's exactly this kind of leniency that lets the students make a fool of the man on night duty.
こんなthis kind ofこんな · pronounmodifies 悠長悠長lax悠長 · adjectivemodifies 事なadjective markerだ · auxiliary verbattributive linker on 悠長事thing事 · noundirect object of する (w6)をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事するdoingする · verbadverbial clause on 馬鹿にする (main clause)からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause on 馬鹿にする生徒the students生徒 · nounsubject of する (w15)がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 生徒宿直night duty宿直 · nouncompound with 員員the man員 · noundirect object of する (w15)をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 員馬鹿a fool馬鹿 · nouncompound with に, idiom 馬鹿にするにofに · particleparticle marking 馬鹿, forms 馬鹿にする馬鹿にする 'make a fool of' — the tagger mislabeled this に as the copula だ.
するmakeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceんexplanatoryの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of する (w15), nominalizerだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んOn top of that, he said to me, "You must be quite worried and worn out — you needn't teach your classes today," and I answered him like this:
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 上上on top of上 · nounoblique complement of 向っ, idiom その上おれmeおれ · pronounoblique complement of 向っにtoに · particleparticle marking おれ向っturned to向う · verbadverbial clause on 云うてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 向っ to 云うあなたyouあなた · pronounsubject of でしょうもalsoも · particleparticle marking あなたさぞsurelyさぞ · adverbmodifies 心配ごhonorificご · prefixhonorific prefix on 心配心配worried心配 · nouncoordinate predicate with 疲れ, modifies でしょうでandで · particleparticle marking 心配, connectiveおhonorificお · prefixhonorific prefix on 疲れ疲れworn out疲れ · nounpredicate, modifies でしょうでしょうmust beです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 疲れ, conjecture今日today今日 · nounoblique complement of 及ばはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 今日ごhonorificご · prefixhonorific prefix on 授業授業teaching授業 · nounoblique complement of 及ばにto (the extent of)に · particleparticle marking 授業及ばgo so far as及ぶ · verbclausal complement of 云うご授業に及ばん idiomatically means 'you needn't go as far as teaching', i.e. classes can be skipped.
んnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 及ば, negationとquote markerと · particlemarks quotation, introduces 云う云うsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 答えからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces reason clause on 答えおれIおれ · pronounsubject of 答えはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれこうlike thisこう · adverbmodifies 答え答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答え"No, I'm not the least bit worried. Even if this happened every single night, so long as I'm alive I won't worry about it. I'll take my classes — if I couldn't teach after missing one night's sleep, I'd hand back the salary I've been paid to the school." The principal, for whatever reason, gazed at my face for a while, then remarked that my face had swollen up quite a bit.
いえnoいえ · interjectioninterjection opening the replyちっともnot at allちっとも · adverbmodifies じゃありません心配worried心配 · nounhead of the predicateじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of 心配ありexistある · verbpart of the phrase じゃませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配んnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 心配こんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies 事事thing事 · nounsubject of あっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 事毎晩every night毎晩 · adverbmodifies あっあっhappensある · verbverb of the concessive clauseてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっもevenも · particleparticle marking あっ命life命 · nounsubject of あるのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 命 (subject)あるexistsある · verbclause modifying 間間while間 · nountemporal modifier of なりはtopicは · particleparticle marking 間心配worried心配 · nounoblique complement of なりにゃtoには · particleparticle marking 心配にゃ is a colloquial contraction of には.
なりbecomeなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なりんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なり授業classes授業 · nounsubject of やりはtopicは · particleparticle marking 授業やりdoやる · verbmain verb of the clauseます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やり一one一 · numeralquantifies 晩晩night晩 · nounoblique complement of 寝ぐらいeven justぐらい · particleparticle marking 晩寝sleep寝る · verbadverbial clause on 出来なくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝授業class授業 · nounsubject of 出来がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 授業出来can teach出来る · verbadverbial clause on 割戻ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来くらいto that extentくらい · particleparticle marking 出来 (extent)ならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来頂戴received頂戴 · verbclause modifying 月給しdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 頂戴た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 頂戴月給salary月給 · noundirect object of 割戻をobjectを · particleparticle marking 月給学校school学校 · nounmodifies 方のofの · particleparticle marking 学校方direction方 · nounoblique complement of 割戻へtoへ · particleparticle marking 方割戻pay back割り戻す · verbmain verb of the conditional clauseしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 割戻ます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 割戻校長principal校長 · nounsubject of 思っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 校長何what何 · pronounoblique complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking 何思っthought思う · verbclause modifying ものた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っものreasonもの · nounnominal complement of 思っか(uncertain)か · particleparticle marking ものしばらくfor a whileしばらく · adverbmodifies 見つめおれmyおれ · pronounpossessor of 顔のofの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · noundirect object of 見をobjectを · particleparticle marking 顔見look見る · verbverb, part of 見つめつめfixedlyつめる · verbverb, part of 見つめてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つめい(ongoing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つめがbutが · conjunctionlinks to 注意 clauseしかしhoweverしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination顔face顔 · nounsubject of はれがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 顔大分quite a bit大分 · adverbmodifies はれはれswollenはれる · verbmain verb of the quoted clauseてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of はれい(ongoing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はれよyou knowよ · particlesentence-final particle on はれとthatと · particleparticle marking はれ注意remarked注意 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 注意た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 注意Come to think of it, it did feel a little heavy.
なるほどindeedなるほど · adverbmodifies the clause何something何 · pronounadverbial clause on するだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かor somethingか · particleparticle marking 何少々a little少々 · adverbmodifies 重たい重たいheavy重たい · adjectiveclause modifying 気気feeling気 · nounsubject of するがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 気するfeelsする · verbmain verb of the sentenceOn top of that it itched all over.
そのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 上上on top上 · nounadverbial modifier of 痒いべたentirelyべた · adjectivemodifies 一面一面all over一面 · nounadverbial clause on 痒い痒いitchy痒い · adjectivehead of the phraseThe mosquitoes must have bitten me plenty.
蚊mosquitoes蚊 · nounsubject of 刺しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 蚊よっquiteよほど · adverbmodifies 刺し (part of よほど split)Tokenizer split the adverb よほど/よっぽど ('very much') into よっ + ぽと; together they mean 'quite a lot'.
ぽとa lotよほど · adverbmodifies 刺し (part of よほど split)刺しbit刺す · verbadverbial clause on ないた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 刺しにthatに · particleparticle marking 刺し相違mistake相違 · nouncompound with ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseScratching at my face all over, I answered that however swollen my face got, my mouth could still talk just fine, so there'd be no trouble teaching.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 掻きはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · nouncompound with 中中all over中 · nounoblique complement of 掻きぼりぼりvigorouslyぼりぼり · adverbmodifies 掻き掻きscratching掻く · verbadverbial clause on 膨れながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 掻き顔face顔 · nounsubject of 膨れはtopicは · particleparticle marking 顔いくらhowever muchいくら · adverbmodifies 膨れ膨れswells膨れる · verbadverbial clause on きけた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 膨れってeven ifって · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 膨れ口mouth口 · nounsubject of きけはtopicは · particleparticle marking 口たしかsurelyたしか · adjectiveadverbial clause on きけにcertainlyに · particleadverbializer on たしかきけcan talkきける · verbadverbial clause on 答えます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きけからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of きけ授業class授業 · nounoblique complement of 答えにforに · particleparticle marking 授業はtopicは · particleparticle marking 授業差しinterfere差し支える · verbclausal complement of 答え支え(compound)差し支える · verbclausal complement of 答えませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 支えんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 支えとthatと · particleparticle marking 支え答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えThe principal laughed and praised me, saying I was in fine spirits.
校長principal校長 · nounsubject of 笑いはtopicは · particleparticle marking 校長笑いlaughing笑う · verbadverbial clause on 賞めながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 笑い大分quite大分 · adverbmodifies 元気元気energetic元気 · adjectivepredicate of the quoted clauseです(polite)です · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 元気ねright?ね · particlesentence-final particle on 元気とthatと · particleparticle marking 元気賞めpraised褒める · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賞めTo tell the truth, he probably wasn't praising me — more likely poking fun.
実truth実 · noundirect object of 云うをobjectを · particleparticle marking 実云うsay言う · verbadverbial clause on 賞めとifと · particleparticle marking 云う賞めpraised褒める · verbadverbial clause on ひやかした(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賞めんthe factの · particlenominalizes 賞めじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to んあるisある · verbpart of the phrase じゃまいprobably notまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賞めひやかしteased冷やかす · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ひやかしんthe factの · particlenominalizes ひやかしだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ん
The particulars
- The text
- 坊っちゃん, Natsume Sōseki. Botchan.
- Translation
- Public-domain Japanese (Natsume Sōseki, d. 1916; published 1906). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- Words
- Every word of the text, by letter.
- Data
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