Japanese · Botchan
五
Chapter 5
Tap a sentence to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.
- 1
"Won't you come fishing?" Red Shirt asked me.
君you君 · pronounsubject of 行き釣りfishing釣り · nounoblique complement of 行きにtoに · particleparticle marking 釣り行きgo行く · verbadverbial clause on 聞いませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行きんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行きかquestionか · particleintroduces the clause of 行きとthatと · particleparticle marking 行き赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 聞いがsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツおれmeおれ · pronounoblique complement of 聞いにtoに · particleparticle marking おれ聞いasked聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い Red Shirt is the sort of man who puts on a voice so soft it's downright creepy.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 出すはtopicは · particleparticle marking シャツ気味feeling気味 · nounmodifies 悪るいのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 気味 (subject)悪るいcreepy悪い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 優しい悪るい is an older spelling of 悪い.
ようas ifよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 悪るいに(particle)に · particleadverbializer on よう優しいsoft優しい · adjectiveclause modifying 声声voice声 · noundirect object of 出すをobjectを · particleparticle marking 声出すputs on出す · verbclause modifying 男男man男 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でYou genuinely can't tell whether it's a man or a woman talking.
まるでutterlyまるで · adverbmodifies 分りゃ男man男 · nounclause modifying 女だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 男女woman女 · nounadverbial clause on 分りゃだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 女かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 女分りゃcan tell分かる · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分りゃないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分りゃA man ought to make a man's voice.
男man男 · nountopic of the conditional clauseならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 男男man男 · nounclause modifying 声らしいlike aらしい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 男声voice声 · noundirect object of 出すをobjectを · particleparticle marking 声出すmake出す · verbclause modifying もんもんought toもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんEspecially since he's a university graduate.
ことespeciallyこと · nounadverbial idiom modifying the clauseにin particularに · particleparticle completing ことに大学university大学 · nouncompound with 生卒業graduate卒業 · nouncompound with 生生grad生 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 生ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃかright?か · particleintroduces the clause of 生Even a fellow from physics school, like me, can manage a better voice than that — it's shameful for a bachelor of literature to sound like this.
物理physics物理 · nouncompound with 学校学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of 出るでatで · particleparticle marking 学校さえevenさえ · particleparticle marking 学校おれmeおれ · pronounstandard of comparison modifying 声くらいas much asくらい · particleparticle marking おれな-likeだ · auxiliary verbattributive form linking おれくらい to 声声voice声 · nounsubject of 出るが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 声出るcomes out出る · verbadverbial clause on 見っともないの(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase のににeven thoughに · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase のに文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 士士bachelor士 · nounsubject of 見っともないが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 士これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 見っともないじゃif it'sじゃ · particleparticle marking これ見っともないshameful見っともない · adjectivemain predicate of the sentence- 2
I gave the unenthusiastic answer of "I suppose so," and he asked the rude question of whether I'd ever been fishing.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of しは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking おれそうsoそう · adverbcomplement of ですですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そうなあwellなあ · particlesentence-final particle marking そうですと(quoting)と · particleparticle marking そう少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 進ま進まadvance進む · verbclause modifying 返事ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 進ま返事answer返事 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 返事しgaveする · verbadverbial clause on 聞くたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し君you君 · nounsubject of し釣fishing釣 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 釣しdidする · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し事experience事 · nounsubject of ありが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 事ありhaveある · verbpredicate of 事ます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありか(question marker)か · particlesentence-final question particleと(quoting)と · particleparticle marking 事失敬rude失敬 · adjectiveclause modifying 事な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失敬事question事 · noundirect object of 聞くを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 事聞くasks聞く · verbmain verb of the sentence Not much, though as a child I once caught three crucian carp at the fishing pond in Koume.
あんまりmuchあんまり · adverbmodifies ないないisn'tない · adjectivepredicate of the first clauseがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない子供child子供 · nounmodifies 時の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 子供時time時 · nounoblique complement of 釣っ小梅Koume小梅 · nounmodifies 釣堀の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 小梅釣堀fishing pond釣堀 · nounoblique complement of 釣っでatで · particleparticle marking 釣堀鮒crucian carp鮒 · noundirect object of 釣っを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 鮒三three三 · numeralquantifies 匹匹fish (counter)匹 · nounoblique complement of 釣っ釣っcaught釣る · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣っ事experience事 · nounhead of the phraseが(subject marker)が · particlepart of the phrase 事あるhaveある · verbpart of the phrase 事Then, at the Bishamon festival in Kagurazaka, I hooked a carp about nine and a half inches long, and just as I thought "got it," it plopped back into the water — I said even now I regret that — and Red Shirt stuck his chin out and laughed, "Ho ho ho ho."
それthatそれ · pronounpart of それから, introduces the sentenceからthenから · particlepart of the phrase それ神楽坂Kagurazaka神楽坂 · proper nounmodifies 毘沙門の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 神楽坂毘沙門Bishamon毘沙門 · proper nounmodifies 縁日の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 毘沙門縁日festival縁日 · nounoblique complement of 引っかけでatで · particleparticle marking 縁日八eight八 · numeralquantifies 寸寸sun (unit)寸 · nounmodifies 鯉ばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 寸の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 寸鯉carp鯉 · noundirect object of 引っかけを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 鯉針hook針 · nouninstrument of 引っかけでwithで · particleparticle marking 針引っhooked引く · verbcompound with かけ, adverbial clause on 思っかけontoかける · verbadverbial clause on 思ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かけしめたgot it!しめた · interjectionclausal complement of 思っと(quoting)と · particleparticle marking しめた思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 落としたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っぽちゃりplopぽちゃり · nounoblique complement of 落としと(manner marker)と · particleparticle marking ぽちゃり落としdropped落とす · verbadverbial clause on 云ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 落とししまっawayしまう · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 落としがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 落としこれthisこれ · pronountopic of 惜しいは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking これ今now今 · adverbmodifies 考え考えthink about考える · verbadverbial clause on 惜しいてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えもevenも · particleparticle marking 考え惜しいa pity惜しい · adjectiveclausal complement of 云っと(quoting)と · particleparticle marking 惜しい云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 笑ったらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 笑っは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking シャツ顋chin顋 · noundirect object of 突き出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 顋前front前 · nounmodifies 方の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 前方direction方 · nounoblique complement of 突き出しへtowardへ · particleparticle marking 方突きstuck突く · verbadverbial clause on 笑っ出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 笑ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出しホホホホho ho ho hoホホホホ · nounoblique complement of 笑っと(quoting)と · particleparticle marking ホホホホ笑っlaughed笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っThere was no need to laugh so affectedly about it — he could have just let it be.
何nothing何 · pronounadverbial modifier scoping 気取って笑わ ("at all")もevenも · particleparticle marking 何そうsoそう · adverbmodifies 気取っ気取っput on airs気取る · verbadverbial clause on 笑わてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 気取っ笑わlaugh笑う · verbadverbial clause on よさなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 笑わもeven ifも · particleparticle marking 笑わよさgoodよい · adjectiveclause modifying 者そうseemsそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of よさな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of よさ者person者 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 者"Well then, you don't yet know the pleasure of fishing. If you like, I'll teach you a little," he said, looking terribly pleased with himself.
それwellそれ · pronoundiscourse connective introducing the sentenceじゃthenじゃ · particlepart of the phrase それまだnot yetまだ · adverbmodifies 分ら釣りfishing釣り · nounmodifies 味の(attributive marker)の · particleparticle marking 釣り味pleasure味 · nounsubject of 分らは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 味分らunderstand分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らです(polite)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らなyou knowな · particlesentence-final particle marking 分らんですお(honorific prefix)お · nouncompound with 望み望みwish望む · nounadverbial clause on 伝授ならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 望みちとa littleちと · adverbmodifies 伝授伝授teach伝授 · verbquoted clause, complement of 得意し(verb support)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 伝授ましょうwillます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 伝授と(quoting)と · particleparticle marking 伝授すこぶるextremelyすこぶる · adverbmodifies 得意得意proud得意 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 得意あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でAs if I'd ever accept lessons from him.
だれwhoだれ · pronounsubject of うけるが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking だれご(honorific prefix)ご · nouncompound with 伝授伝授lesson伝授 · noundirect object of うけるを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 伝授うけるacceptうける · verbclause modifying ものもの(nominalizer)もの · nounhead of the phraseか(rhetorical question)か · particleparticle marking ものGenerally speaking, everyone who fishes or hunts is a heartless sort of person.
一体generally一体 · adverbmodifies する釣fishing釣 · nounconjoined with 猟やandや · particleparticle marking 釣猟hunting猟 · noundirect object of するを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 猟するdoする · verbclause modifying 連中連中people連中 · nounsubject of だは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 連中みんなallみんな · adverbmodifies 人間不un-不 · nouncompound with 人情人情compassion人情 · adjectiveclause modifying 人間な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人情人間people人間 · nounhead of the phraseばかりnothing butばかり · particleparticle marking 人間だareだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人間If they weren't heartless, they couldn't take pleasure in killing living things.
不un-不 · nouncompound with 人情人情compassion人情 · nounadverbial clause on 喜ぶでbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人情なくっnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase でてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 人情殺生killing殺生 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 殺生しdoする · verbadverbial clause on 喜ぶてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し喜ぶenjoy喜ぶ · verbclause modifying 訳訳reason訳 · nounsubject of ないが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 訳ないthere is noない · adjectivehead of the phraseFish and birds alike would obviously rather be alive than be killed.
魚fish魚 · nounadverbial clause on 極まっだ(copula)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 魚ってevenって · particleintroduces the clause of 魚鳥birds鳥 · nounadverbial clause on 殺さだ(copula)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 鳥ってevenって · particleintroduces the clause of 鳥殺さkilled殺す · verbcompared with 生き via よりれる(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 殺さよりthanより · adverbintroduces the clause of 殺さ生きlive生きる · verbclause modifying 方てる(is -ing)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 生き方way方 · nounsubject of 極まっが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 方楽easier楽 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 極まっに(adverbial marker)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 楽極まっis decidedly極まる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(is -ing)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 極まっIf a man couldn't make a living without fishing or hunting, that would be one thing, but to be unable to sleep unless he has killed something living when he already wants for nothing is simply extravagant.
釣fishing釣り · nouncoordinated with 猟 (via や)やorや · particlecoordinates 釣 and 猟猟hunting猟 · noundirect object of し (with 釣)を(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 猟しdoする · verbverb of the conditional clause なくっちゃなくっnotない · auxiliary verbnegates しちゃifては · particlemarks conditional clause of し...なくっ, linking to たた活計livelihood活計 · nounsubject of たたが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 活計たたstandたつ · verbpredicate of the clause, negated by ないないdoesn'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of たたならifだ · auxiliary verbconditional marker on the whole preceding clause格別a different matter格別 · adjectivepredicate: a separate/exceptional case, contrasted by が with 暮し clauseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 格別がbutが · conjunctionconnects the なら-clause to the 暮し clause何any何 · pronouncompound with 不足不足want不足 · nouncompound with なくなくwithoutない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 暮し暮しliving暮す · verbbackground clause (via て...上に) modifying 殺さて(continuous marker)て · particleconnects 暮し to いる (continuous aspect)いるisいる · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase て上on top of上 · nounhead of ...上に, meaning in addition toに(particle)に · particlepart of the phrase 上生き物creatures生き物 · noundirect object of 殺さを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 生き物殺さkill殺す · verbverb of the conditional clause なくっちゃなくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 殺さちゃifては · particlemarks conditional clause of 殺さ, linking to 寝られない寝sleep寝る · verbverb of the clause (with られ, ない): can't sleepられcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寝なんてthe idea thatなんて · particlemarks the preceding clause as an example, meaning 'the very idea that'贅沢extravagant贅沢 · adjectivemodifies 話 (via な)な(attributive marker)だ · auxiliary verblinks 贅沢 to 話話matter話 · nounpredicate noun, head of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 話I thought all this, but since the other man was a bachelor of literature and glib with words, I judged I couldn't win an argument, and kept quiet.
こうthisこう · adverbmodifies 思っ思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the first clause, contrasted by がた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っがbutが · conjunctionconnects 思っ clause to 向う clause向うhe向う · nounsubject of 達者は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 向う文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 士士graduate士 · nouncause clause (だけに) modifying 達者だけpreciselyだけ · particleparticle marking 士にbecauseに · particleparticle marking 士 (causal)口tongue口 · nounsubject of 達者が(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 口達者skilled達者 · adjectivepredicate of causal clause (から), reason for 叶わないだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 達者からbecauseから · conjunctionmarks causal clause議論argument議論 · nounoblique complement of 叶わじゃinでは · particleparticle marking 議論叶わwin叶う · verbclausal complement of 思っ (w21)ないcan'tない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 叶わとthatと · particleparticle marking 叶わ思っthought思う · verbclause linked by て to だまっ (main verb)て(and)て · particleconnects 思っ to だまっだまっkept quiet黙る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてwasいる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of だまっ (continuous, contracted てる)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of だまっThen, mistaking this for my surrender, the fellow said he'd teach me on the spot.
する(then)する · verbforms すると (and then) with とと(then)と · particleforms すると (and then) with する先生the fellow先生 · nounsubject of 疳違いしてこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of おれおれmeおれ · nounobject of 降参させを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking おれ降参surrender降参 · nounquoted clause 降参させた, complement of 疳違い via とさdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降参せmakeせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降参たdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 降参とthatと · particlemarks the quoted clause, complement of 疳違い疳mistake勘違い · nouncompound with 違い疳違い is a period spelling of 勘違い (misunderstanding).
違いmistaking勘違い · noungerund clause (て), linked to 伝授 (main verb)しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 違いて(and)て · particleconnects 違い to main clause 伝授早速right away早速 · adverbmodifies 伝授伝授teach伝授 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 伝授ましょうwillます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 伝授If I was free, why not come along today?
お(honorific prefix)お · nouncompound with ひまひまfreeひま · nounpredicate of conditional clause (なら), modifies どうならifだ · auxiliary verbmarks conditional, if [you're] free今日today今日 · adverbmodifies どうどうwhat aboutどう · adverbcore of the suggestion, elaborated by 行っちゃですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of どういっしょtogetherいっしょ · nounoblique complement of 行っに(particle)に · particleparticle marking いっしょ行っgo行く · verbverb of the elliptical suggestion (行ってはどう), ちゃ = てはちゃwhy notては · particlemarks elliptical suggestion attached to 行っWith just himself and Yoshikawa it would be lonely, he said, and kept pressing me to come.
吉川Yoshikawa吉川 · proper nouncompound with 君君Mr.君 · nouncompanion marked by と, part of 二人ぎりとwithと · particleparticle marking 君二人two二人 · nounmodifies 淋しい (topic of the lonely-clause)ぎりjustきり · particlemodifies 二人 (just the two)じゃbeingでは · particlemarks predicate 二人ぎり, meaning being just the two淋しいlonely淋しい · adjectivepredicate of reason clause (から), modifies 勧めるからbecauseから · particleintroduces the clause of 淋しい来come来る · verbverb of the command, with たまえた(command)給う · auxiliary verbpart of たまえ (polite imperative), attached to 来まえplease給う · auxiliary verbpart of たまえ, combines with た for the polite commandとthatと · particleparticle marking まえしきりpersistentlyしきり · nounoblique complement of 勧めるに(particle)に · particleparticle marking しきり勧めるurges勧める · verbmain verb of the sentenceThis Yoshikawa is the art teacher — the very Toady I mentioned before.
吉川Yoshikawa吉川 · proper nouncompound with 君君Mr.君 · nounreferred to by という, topic of sentence (via の)と(called)と · particleparticle marking 君いうcalledいう · verbverb of quoting clause, modifies ののthe oneの · particlenominalizes 吉川君という, topic of sentenceは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 君画学art画学 · nounmodifies 教師のofの · particleparticle marking 画学教師teacher教師 · nounfirst predicate, linked by で to 事でand isだ · auxiliary verblinks 教師 predicate to 事 (second predicate)例the notorious例 · nounmodifies 野だいこ (via の)の(particle)の · particleparticle marking 例野boorish野幇間 · nouncompound with だいこだいこtoady野幇間 · nounhead of 野だいこ, predicate topic (via の 事だ)の(particle)の · particleparticle marking だいこ事the one事 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事For whatever reason, this Toady comes and goes at Red Shirt's house morning and night, and tags along wherever he goes.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 野野Toady野幇間 · nountopic/subject of the sentence (marked by は)だ(part of nickname)野幇間 · nounpart of the nickname 野だ, with 野野だ is a shortened nickname for 野幇間 (Toady).
は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 野どういうwhat kind ofどういう · determinermodifies 了見了見reasoning了見 · nounparenthetical clause (だか) modifying the sentenceだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 了見か(uncertain)か · particleintroduces the clause of 了見赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounmodifies うちのofの · particleparticle marking シャツうちhouseうち · nounoblique complement of 出入へtoへ · particleparticle marking うち朝夕morning and night朝夕 · adverbmodifies 出入出入comes and goes出入 · verbfirst verb, linked by て to 随行 (second verb)しdoesする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出入て(and)て · particleconnects 出入 to 随行どこwhereverどこ · pronounoblique complement of 随行へtoへ · particleparticle marking どこで(even)で · particlepart of でも (no matter where), attached to どこへもevenも · particleparticle marking どこ, forms でも with で随行tags along随行 · verbgerund (て) modifying main verb 行くしdoesする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 随行て(and)て · particleconnects 随行 to 行く行くgoes行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceThey're nothing like equals.
まるでat allまるで · adverbmodifies 同輩同輩equals同輩 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisでは · particlecopula linking to 同輩ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates じゃ (copula)It's more master and servant.
主従master and servant主従 · nounpredicate noun, head of the phraseみlook見る · verbverb forming みたよう (seems), modifies 主従た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of みようseemsよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of み, meaning appearsだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 主従Since Toady is bound to go wherever Red Shirt goes, none of that surprised me — but two of them alone would have done fine, so why bother inviting me, of all the unsociable people?
赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 行く (via の)の(subject marker)の · particlemarks シャツ as subject of 行く行くgoes行く · verbclause modifying 所所place所 · nountopic of conditional clause (なら)ならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 所野Toady野幇間 · nounsubject of 極っ (topic, via 野だ)だ(part of nickname)野幇間 · nounpart of the nickname 野だ, with 野は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 野必ずcertainly必ず · adverbmodifies 行く行くgoes行く · verbverb of clause 行くに極っている (bound to go)に(particle)に · particlemarks 行く as complement of 極っ極っis bound to極る · verbpredicate of reason clause (だから)て(continuous marker)て · particleconnects 極っ to いるいるisいる · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てん(explanatory)の · particlenominalizes 極っている (explanatory ん)だisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからsoから · conjunctionmarks reason clause, connecting to 驚ろき clause今さらat this point今さら · adverbmodifies し驚ろきsurprise驚く · verbpart of compound predicate 驚ろきもしない, complement of しもevenも · particleparticle marking 驚ろきしdoする · verbverb of clause 驚ろきもしない, contrasted (が) with following clauseないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しがbutが · conjunctionconnects to following clause (contrast)二人the two二人 · nounsubject/topic of 行けば (if the two go)でtogetherで · particleparticle marking 二人行けgo行く · verbadverbial clause on 済むばifば · conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行け済むwould suffice済む · verbclause modifying ところところthe caseところ · nounconcessive complement (ところを = even though), linked to 掛けを(concessive marker)を · particleparticle marking ところ (concessive)なんwhyなんで · pronounforms なんで (why) with でで(part of why)なんで · particlepart of なんで, attached to なん無un-無 · nouncompound with 愛想愛想friendliness愛想 · nounmodifies おれの(particle)の · particleparticle marking 愛想おれmeおれ · nounoblique complement of 掛けへtoへ · particleparticle marking おれ口word口 · noundirect object of 掛けを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 口掛けcalled out to掛ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けん(explanatory)の · particlenominalizes the clause (explanatory ん)だろうI wonderだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん, expressing conjectureNo doubt it was some conceited fishing hobby of his, and he'd invited me only to show off his fishing to me.
大方probably大方 · adverbmodifies 誘っ (expresses likelihood)高慢ちきconceited高慢ちき · noun (na-adjective)modifies 道楽なbeingだ · auxiliary verb, attributive formattributive copula linking 高慢ちき to 道楽釣fishing釣り · nouncompound with 道楽道楽hobby道楽 · nounpredicate noun linked to 誘っ by ででandだ · auxiliary verb, connective formcopula linking 道楽 to 誘っ自分he himself自分 · pronounsubject of 釣る (marked by の)の'sの · particlesubject marker within the relative clause釣るcatches釣る · verbmodifies ところところhis catchところ · noundirect object of 見せびらかすをobjectを · particleparticle marking ところおれmeおれ · pronounindirect object of 見せびらかすにtoに · particleparticle marking おれ見せびらかすshow off見せびらかす · verbclause modifying つもりつもりintentionつもり · nounoblique complement of 誘っ (via で)かorか · particleparticle marking つもり (alternative)なんsomething何 · pronouncoordinated with つもりか(indefinite)か · particleparticle marking なんでwithで · particleparticle marking なんか (manner)誘っinvited誘う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 誘っに(particle)に · particleparticle marking 誘った (forms 誘ったに違いない, 'must be')違いdifference違い · nouncompound with ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseI'm not the sort to be impressed by that kind of showing off.
そんなthat kind ofそんな · adjective (demonstrative)modifies 事事thing事 · nounoblique complement of 見せびらかさでbyで · particleparticle marking 事見せびらかさshown off見せびらかす · verbclause modifying おれれる(passive)れる · auxiliary verbpassive auxiliary of 見せびらかさおれIおれ · pronounhead of the phraseじゃamだ · auxiliary verb, contracted formcopula linking to おれないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates じゃEven if he hauled in two or three tuna, it wouldn't rattle me one bit.
鮪tuna鮪 · nounmodifies 匹のofの · particleparticle marking 鮪二two二 · numeralquantifies 匹匹fish匹 · noun (counter)coordinated with second 匹, object of 釣っやandや · particleparticle marking 匹 (listing)三three三 · numeralquantifies 匹匹fish匹 · noun (counter)direct object of 釣っ釣っcaught釣る · verbadverbial (concessive) clause on するたってeven ifたって · particleparticle marking 釣っ (even if)びくとthe least bitびくと · adverbmodifies するもevenも · particleparticle marking びくとするdoする · verbclause modifying もんもんthe ideaもの · nounhead of the phraseかas if!か · particleintroduces the rhetorical clause of もんI'm human too — however poor a hand I am, if I just drop a line something is bound to bite; and if I refused to go, Red Shirt being the kind of man he is, would be sure to twist it into "he didn't come because he's bad at it," not "he didn't come because he doesn't care for it."
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 人間だ(emphatic)だ · auxiliary verbcopula forming emphatic だって with ってってtooって · particleforms emphatic だって人間human人間 · nounpredicate of the clause (with だ)だamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人間いくらhoweverいくら · adverbmodifies 下手下手poor at it下手 · noun (na-adjective)predicate before だって (concessive)だamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 下手ってeven ifって · particleintroduces the concessive clause of 下手糸line糸 · nouncomplement of 卸しゃ, marked by さえさえeven justさえ · particleparticle marking 糸卸しゃif I drop卸す · verb, conditional formadverbial (conditional) clause on かかる何something何 · pronounsubject of かかるか(indefinite)か · particleparticle marking 何 (indefinite)かかるwill biteかかる · verbpredicate of the clause, followed by だろうだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かかるここhereここ · pronounoblique complement of 行かでinで · particleparticle marking ここおれIおれ · nounsubject of 行かがsubjectが · particleparticle marking おれ行かgo行く · verbadverbial (conditional) clause on 邪推ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the conditional clause of 行か赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking シャツ事way事 · nounreason clause, adverbial on 邪推だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 事下手bad at it下手 · noun (na-adjective)quoted reason clauseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 下手からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 下手行かgo行く · verbquoted clause, negative stemないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かん(explanatory)の · particle, explanatoryintroduces the explanatory clause of 行かだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula completing んだ嫌いdislike it嫌い · noun (na-adjective)second quoted reason clause, adverbial on 行かだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 嫌いからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 嫌い行かgo行く · verbquoted clause, negative stemないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かん(explanatory)の · particle, explanatoryintroduces the explanatory clause of 行かじゃisだ · auxiliary verb, contracted formnegated copula completing んじゃないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates じゃとthatと · particleintroduces the quoted clause of 邪推邪推wrongly邪推 · nouncompound with するするwill suspectする · verbmain verb of the sentence (with に相違ない)に(particle)に · particleparticle marking 邪推する (forms に相違ない, 'must be')相違difference相違 · nouncompound with ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phraseThinking all this over, I answered that I would go.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 考えはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれこうthis wayこう · adverbmodifies 考え考えthought考える · verbadverbial clause on 答えた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 考えからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考え行きgo行く · verbclausal complement of 答えましょうwillます · auxiliary verb, volitionalauxiliary of 行きとthatと · particleparticle marking 行き (quotation)答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 答えAfter that I finished at school, went home once to get ready, and met Red Shirt and Toady at the station to go down to the beach.
それthatそれ · pronounpart of それからからafterから · particlepart of the phrase それ学校school学校 · noundirect object of しまっをobjectを · particleparticle marking 学校しまっfinishedしまう · verbadverbial clause on 帰ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しまっ一応for now一応 · adverbmodifies 帰っうちhomeうち · nounoblique complement of 帰っへtoへ · particleparticle marking うち帰っwent back帰る · verbadverbial clause on 整えてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 帰っ支度preparations支度 · noundirect object of 整えをobjectを · particleparticle marking 支度整えgot ready整える · verbadverbial clause on 行ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 整え停車station停車 · nouncompound with 場場station場 · nounoblique complement of 行っでatで · particleparticle marking 場赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nouncoordinated with 野 (via と)とandと · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady)だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ野だ is the nickname 'Nodaiko' (rendered 'Toady' here), not the copula だ.
をobjectを · particleparticle marking 野だ待ちmet待つ · verbadverbial clause on 行っ合せup合せる · verbadverbial clause on 行ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 合せ浜beach浜 · nounoblique complement of 行っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 浜行っwent行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っThere was one boatman, and the boat had a long, slender shape I'd never seen anywhere around Tokyo.
船頭boatman船頭 · nountopic, subject of 一人はtopicは · particleparticle marking 船頭一人one一人 · nounpredicate (with で)でandだ · auxiliary verb, connective formcopula linking to 一人船boat船 · nountopic of the clauseはtopicは · particleparticle marking 船細長いlong and slender細長い · adjectivemodifies 恰好東京Tokyo東京 · proper nouncompound with 辺辺around辺 · nounoblique complement of 見でinで · particleparticle marking 辺はtopicは · particleparticle marking 辺見seen見る · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見事experience事 · nounsubject of ないもevenも · particleparticle marking 事ないneverない · adjectiveclause modifying 恰好恰好shape恰好 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verb, connective formcopula linking to 恰好あるisある · verbpart of the phrase で (である)Looking around the boat, I hadn't spotted a single fishing rod.
さっきa while agoさっき · nounoblique complement of 見えからsinceから · particleparticle marking さっき船中the boat船中 · noununmarked object of 渡す見look見る · verbcompound with 渡す渡すsurvey渡す · verbadverbial clause on 見えがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 渡す釣竿fishing rod釣竿 · nounsubject of 見えがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 釣竿一one一 · numeralquantifies 本本rod本 · noun (counter)coordinated with 釣竿, subject of 見えもevenも · particleparticle marking 本見えwas visible見える · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見えI asked Toady how one could possibly fish without a rod, and what he had in mind, and he stroked his chin and said, in that show-off way of his, that out at sea you don't use rods, just line.
釣竿fishing rod釣竿 · nouncompound with なしなしwithoutなし · nounoblique complement of 出来るでwithで · particleparticle marking なし釣fishing釣り · nounsubject of 出来るがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 釣出来るbe possible出来る · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounoblique complement of 了見 (nominalizer)かwhetherか · particleparticle marking もの (question)どうhowどう · adverbmodifies するするintends to doする · verbclause modifying 了見了見idea了見 · nounquoted content before 聞くだろうI wonderだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 了見とthatと · particleparticle marking 了見 (quotation)野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady)だにtoだに · particleparticle marking 野だ, indirect object of 聞く聞くasked聞く · verbmatrix verb introducing the following quoted clauseとandと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the following clause沖open sea沖 · nouncompound with 釣釣fishing釣り · nounoblique complement of 用いにforに · particleparticle marking 沖釣はtopicは · particleparticle marking 沖釣に竿rod竿 · nounsubject of 用いはtopicは · particleparticle marking 竿用いuse用いる · verbmain verb of the quoted clauseませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verb, politeauxiliary of 用いんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 用い糸line糸 · nounpredicate topic of the quoted clause (with げす)だけjustだけ · particleparticle marking 糸でisだ · auxiliary verb, connective formcopula linking 糸 to げすげすisげす · auxiliary verbpolite copula ending the quoted clauseOld-fashioned slangy variant of です ('is'), used here for a self-important, professional tone.
とthatと · particleparticle marking げす (quotation)顋chin顋 · noundirect object of 撫でをobjectを · particleparticle marking 顋撫でstroked撫でる · verbadverbial clause on じみてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 撫で黒人show-off玄人 · nouncompound with じみHistorical ateji spelling of くろうと ('expert/know-it-all'); not 黒人 read kokujin ('Black person').
じみsmacking ofじみる · verbclause modifying 事た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of じみ事thing事 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っBetter to have kept my mouth shut than get put in my place like that.
こうlike thisこう · adverbmodifies だまっ遣りargue遣る · verbadverbial clause on だまっ込めdown込める · verbadverbial clause on だまっ遣り込める is one idiom, 'argue down/put in one's place'; the sense is split across 遣り and 込め.
られるget ...edられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込めくらいto that extentくらい · particleintroduces the clause of 込めならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込めだまっkept quietだまる · verbadverbial clause on よかってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of だまっいれwereいる · verbpart of the phrase てばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of だまっよかっwould've been betterよい · adjectivehead of the phraseた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of よかっ- 3
The boatman rowed on slow and steady, but his skill was frightening — looking back, the shore already looked small, we were that far out.
船頭the boatman船頭 · nounsubject of ものはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 船頭ゆっくりslowlyゆっくり · adverbmodifies 漕いゆっくりslowlyゆっくり · adverbmodifies 漕い漕いrowing漕ぐ · verbclause modifying ものでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 漕いいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase でがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 漕い熟練skill熟練 · nounsubject of 恐しいはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 熟練恐しいfrightening恐しい · adjectiveclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounadverbial clause on 出でandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もの見返looked back見返る · verbadverbial clause on 出見返える (=見返る) is split by the tagger across 見返 and える; the tagger's link of える to 見える later in the sentence is wrong.
える(part of verb)見返る · verbpart of the verb 見返えるとwhenと · particleintroduces the clause of 見返える浜the shore浜 · nounsubject of 見えるがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 浜小さくsmall小さい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 見える見えるlooked見える · verbadverbial clause on 出くらいto the extent thatくらい · particleintroduces the clause of 見えるもうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 出出gone out出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出いるhaveいる · verbpart of the phrase て The five-storied pagoda of Kōhaku-ji poked up above the trees, sharp as a needle.
高Kō-高 · nouncompound with 柏寺柏寺-hakuji temple柏寺 · nounmodifies 五重のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 柏寺五重five-story五重 · nounmodifies 塔のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 五重塔the pagoda塔 · nounsubject of 抜けがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 塔森the forest森 · nounmodifies 上のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 森上above上 · nounoblique complement of 抜けへtowardへ · particleparticle marking 上抜けpoked抜ける · verbadverbial clause on 尖がっ出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 尖がってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し針a needle針 · nounmodifies ようのpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 針ようlikeよう · nounadverbial clause on 尖がっに-lyだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう尖がっstood sharp尖がる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 尖がっLooking the other way, Blue Island floated on the water.
向側the other side向側 · noundirect object of 見るをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 向側見るlooking見る · verbadverbial clause on 浮いとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見る青嶋Blue Island青嶋 · proper nounsubject of 浮いがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 青嶋浮いfloated浮く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 浮いいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase てThey say nobody lives on it.
これthisこれ · pronounsubject of 島はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking これ人people人 · nounmodifies 住まのsubject markerの · particleparticle marking 人住まlive住む · verbclause modifying 島ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 住ま島an island島 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 島そうI hearそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 島だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 島Looking closely, it's nothing but rock and pine.
よくcloselyよく · adverbmodifies 見る見るlooking見る · verbadverbial clause on 松とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見る石rock石 · nounmodifies 松とandと · particleparticle marking 石松pine松 · nounhead of the phraseばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking 松だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 松No wonder — with nothing but rocks and pines, of course nobody could live there.
なるほどno wonderなるほど · interjectionmodifies 住め石rock石 · nounmodifies 松とandと · particleparticle marking 石松pine松 · nounoblique complement of 住めばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking 松じゃif it'sじゃ · particleparticle marking 松住めlive住める · verbadverbial clause on ないっこno wayっこ · particleadverbial clause on ない住めっこない is a set colloquial pattern, 'there's absolutely no way one could live'.
ないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseRed Shirt kept gazing at it, saying what a fine view it was.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 眺望はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking シャツしきりintentlyしきり · nounoblique complement of 眺望に(adverb marker)に · particleparticle marking しきり眺望gazing眺望 · nounclause modifying 景色しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 眺望てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 眺望いいfineいい · adjectivepart of the phrase て景色a view景色 · nounadverbial clause on 云っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 景色とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 景色云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるwasてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っToady said it was a superb view.
野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ ('Toady')野だ ('Nota'/'Toady') is a character nickname; だ here is part of the name, not the copula.
だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ ('Toady')はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 野絶景a superb view絶景 · nounoblique complement of 云っでisだ · particleparticle marking 絶景げすisげす · auxiliary verboblique complement of 云っげす is old Edo shitamachi slang for です; でげす together mean 'it is'.
とquote markerと · particleparticle marking げす云っsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるwasてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っSuperb or not, I couldn't say, but it certainly felt good.
絶景superb絶景 · nounadverbial clause on 知らだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 絶景かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 絶景何what何 · pronounadverbial clause on 知らだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かorか · particleintroduces the clause of 何知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on ないないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知らいいgoodいい · adjectiveadverbial clause on ない心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounoblique complement of ないにregardingに · particleparticle marking 心持ちはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 心持ち相違doubt相違 · nouncompound with ないないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseOut on that wide open sea, being blown by the salt wind — I thought it was as good as medicine.
ひろびろwide openひろびろ · adverboblique complement of しと(adverb marker)と · particleparticle marking ひろびろしwasする · verbclause modifying 海た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し海the sea海 · nounmodifies 上のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 海上on top of上 · nounoblique complement of 思っでlocation markerで · particleparticle marking 上潮風the salt wind潮風 · nounoblique complement of 吹かにagent markerに · particleparticle marking 潮風吹かblown吹く · verbdepends on 薬れるbeingれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 吹かのthe fact thatの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 吹かはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 吹か薬medicine薬 · nounclausal complement of 思っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 薬とquote markerと · particleparticle marking 薬思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っI was awfully hungry.
いやawfullyいや · adjectiveadverbial clause on 減るに-lyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いや腹my stomach腹 · nounsubject of 減るがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 腹減るgrows empty減る · verbmain verb of the sentence"Look at that pine — the trunk dead straight, the top spread out like an umbrella, it looks like something out of a Turner," Red Shirt said to Toady, and Toady said, "Just like a Turner. That bend in it, really, nothing like it — it's the very image of a Turner," with a knowing look on his face.
あのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 松松pine松 · noundirect object of 見をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 松見look見る · verbmain verb of the quoted imperativeた(imperative)たまえ · auxiliary verbpart of the imperative たまえ見たまえ is a single imperative auxiliary たまえ ('please do'), not 見た (past) + まえ (noun); the tagger's split and its link of まえ to あり are both wrong.
まえpleaseたまえ · auxiliary verbpart of the imperative たまえ幹the trunk幹 · nounsubject of 真直がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 幹真直straight真直 · nounadverbial clause on 開いでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 真直上the top上 · nounsubject of 開いがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 上傘an umbrella傘 · nounmodifies ようのpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 傘ようlikeよう · nounadverbial clause on 開いに-lyだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう開いspread open開く · verbadverbial clause on ありてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 開いターナーTurnerターナー · proper nounmodifies 画のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking ターナー画a painting画 · nounoblique complement of ありにinに · particleparticle marking 画ありisある · verbadverbial clause on 云うそうseemsそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありねright?ね · particleintroduces the clause of ありとquote markerと · particleparticle marking あり赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 云うがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ ('Toady')だにtoに · particledative marker on 野だ, object of 云うだに here fuses the end of the name 野だ ('Toady') with the dative particle に ('to').
云うsaid云う · verbmain verb, followed by clause-linking ととwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云う野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ ('Toady')だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ ('Toady')はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 野全くtotally全く · adverbmodifies ターナーターナーTurnerターナー · proper nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ターナーねright?ね · particleintroduces the clause of ターナーどうreallyどう · adverbmodifies ありもindeedも · particleparticle marking どうあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 曲り曲りbend曲る · nounmodifies 具合具合condition具合 · nouncompound with 曲りったらwhen it comes toったら · particletopic-emphasis marker on 曲り具合ありisある · verbmain verb of the sentenceませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありねright?ね · particleintroduces the clause of ありターナーTurnerターナー · proper nouncompound with そっくりそっくりjust likeそっくり · adjectiveclause modifying 顔ですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of そっくりよyou knowよ · particleintroduces the clause of そっくりとquote markerと · particleparticle marking そっくり心得knowing心得る · nouncompound with 顔顔look顔 · nounhead of the phraseでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 顔あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でI had no idea what a Turner was, but since not knowing wouldn't trouble me any, I kept quiet.
ターナーTurnerターナー · proper nounoblique complement of 知らとasと · particleparticle marking ターナーはforは · particleparticle marking ターナー何what何 · pronounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 何事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on 知らだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事かwhetherか · particleintroduces the clause of 事知らknow知る · verbadverbial clause on 困らないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知ら聞かask聞く · verbadverbial clause on 困らないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かでwithoutで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞かもevenも · particleparticle marking 聞か困らtrouble困る · verbclause modifying 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 困ら事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on 黙っだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 事黙っwas silent黙る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 黙っいstayedいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 黙っThe boat circled round with the island on our right.
舟boat舟 · nounsubject of 廻っはtopicは · particleparticle marking 舟島island島 · noundirect object of 見をobjectを · particleparticle marking 島右right右 · nounoblique complement of 見にonに · particleparticle marking 右見seeing見る · verbadverbial clause on 廻ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見ぐるりroundぐるり · nounoblique complement of 廻っと-lyと · particleparticle marking ぐるり廻っcircled廻る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 廻っThere wasn't a wave anywhere.
波wave波 · nounsubject of ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 波全くat all全く · adverbmodifies ないないthere wasn'tない · adjectivehead of the phraseIt was so flat it hardly seemed like the sea at all.
これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 平でbyで · particleparticle marking これ海sea海 · nounadverbial clause on 平だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 海とthatと · particleparticle marking 海はtopicは · particleparticle marking 海受けaccept受ける · verbadverbial clause on 平取りtake取る · verbadverbial clause on 平にくいhard toにくい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 取りほどso much thatほど · particleintroduces the clause of 取り平flat平 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 平Thanks to Red Shirt, it was turning into quite a pleasant outing.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounmodifies お陰の'sの · particleparticle marking シャツお陰thanksお陰 · nounoblique complement of 愉快でtoで · particleparticle marking お陰はなはだveryはなはだ · adverbmodifies 愉快愉快pleasant愉快 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 愉快If it were possible I'd have liked to climb up onto that island, so I asked whether the boat could be brought in to that rocky spot.
出来るpossible出来る · verbclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounadverbial clause on 思っならifだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事あのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 島島island島 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particleparticle marking 島上top上 · nounoblique complement of 上がっへontoへ · particleparticle marking 上上がっclimb up上がる · verbclausal complement of 思ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっみtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てたいwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上がっとthatと · particleparticle marking 上がっ思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on つけたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 岩岩rock岩 · nounmodifies あるのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 岩あるisある · verbmodifies 所所spot所 · nounoblique complement of つけへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所はtopicは · particleparticle marking 所舟boat舟 · nounsubject of つけはtopicは · particleparticle marking 舟つけbring inつける · verbclausal complement of 聞いられcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけんthatん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んか?か · particleintroduces the clause of つけとthatと · particleparticle marking つけ聞いasked聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いRed Shirt objected, saying it could be done, but you shouldn't fish too close to shore.
つけdockつける · verbadverbial clause on ないられcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけ事thing事 · nounsubject of ないもevenも · particleparticle marking 事ないnotない · adjectiveadverbial clause on するですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ないがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない釣fishing釣 · noundirect object of するをobjectを · particleparticle marking 釣するdoする · verbadverbial clause on 申しにforに · particleparticle marking するはtopicは · particleparticle marking するあまりtooあまり · adverbmodifies いけ岸shore岸 · nounoblique complement of いけじゃifだ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 岸じゃ is a colloquial contraction of では here, forming a conditional ("if it's the shore").
いけgoodいける · verbpart of the phrase じゃないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 岸ですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 岸とthatと · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 岸赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 申しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツ異議objection異議 · noundirect object of 申しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 異議申しraised申す · verbadverbial clause on 立て立てup立てる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 立てI said nothing.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 黙っはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ黙っwas silent黙る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてwasてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 黙っcolloquial contraction of ている (ongoing state).
たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 黙っThen Toady put in his unnecessary suggestion: "What do you say, Vice-Principal, shall we call that island Turner Island from now on?"
するthenする · auxiliary verbpart of the fixed expression するととuponと · subordinating conjunctionparticle forming すると with するすると is a fixed conjunction meaning "then, thereupon".
野Toady野 · proper nounadverbial clause on 名づけだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 野がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 野どうhowどう · adverbadverbial clause on 名づけですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of どう教頭Headmaster教頭 · nounoblique complement of 名づけこれthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 名づけからfromから · particleparticle marking これあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 島島island島 · noundirect object of 名づけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 島ターナーTurnerターナー · proper nouncompound with 島島Island島 · nounoblique complement of 名づけとasと · particleparticle marking 島名づけname名づける · verbadverbial clause on しようlet'sよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 名づけじゃisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 名づけありthereある · verbpart of the phrase じゃませisます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 名づけんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 名づけか?か · particleintroduces the clause of 名づけとthatと · particleparticle marking 名づけ余計unneeded余計 · adjectiveclause modifying 発議なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 余計発議suggestion発議 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 発議しmadeする · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しRed Shirt agreed, saying that was a fine idea, that from now on they'd call it that.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 賛成はtopicは · particleparticle marking シャツそいつthatそいつ · nounsubject of 面白いはtopicは · particleparticle marking そいつ面白いfine面白い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 賛成吾々we吾々 · pronounsubject of 賛成はtopicは · particleparticle marking 吾々これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 賛成からfromから · particleparticle marking これそうsoそう · adverbmodifies 云おう云おうcall云う · verbadverbial clause on 賛成とthatと · particleparticle marking 云おう賛成agreed賛成 · verbmain verb of the sentenceしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賛成たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賛成If I was included in that “we,” I wanted no part of it.
このthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 吾々吾々we吾々 · nounmodifies うちのofの · particleparticle marking 吾々うちamongうち · nounoblique complement of はいっにinに · particleparticle marking うちおれIおれ · pronounsubject of はいっもtooも · particleparticle marking おれはいっincludedはいる · verbadverbial clause on 迷惑てるamてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はいっ迷惑nuisance迷惑 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 迷惑Blue Island is plenty good enough a name for me.
にtoに · particleparticle marking おれはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ青Blue青 · nouncompound with 嶋嶋Island嶋 · proper nounoblique complement of たくさんでasで · particleparticle marking 嶋たくさんplentyたくさん · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of たくさん"What do you say we put a Raphael Madonna up on that rock?"
あのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 岩岩rock岩 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particleparticle marking 岩上top上 · nounoblique complement of 置いにonに · particleparticle marking 上どうhowどう · adverbadverbial clause on 置いですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of どうラフハエルRaphaelラフハエル · nounmodifies マドンナの'sの · particleparticle marking ラフハエルマドンナMadonnaマドンナ · noundirect object of 置いをobjectを · particleparticle marking マドンナ置いput置く · verbclause modifying ちゃちゃifちゃ · particleconditional particle on 置いちゃ is a colloquial contraction of ては, giving a suggestive conditional ("what if we put...").
Toady said what a fine picture that would make, and Red Shirt said, "Let's leave the Madonna out of it," laughing that creepy laugh of his — ho ho ho ho.
いいfineいい · adjectiveattributive modifier of 画画picture画 · nounsubject of 出来が(subject)が · particlemarks 画 as subject出来would turn out出来る · verbpredicate of the quoted clause (introduced by と)ます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbpolite auxiliary of 出来ぜ(emphatic)ぜ · particlesentence-final emphatic particleと(quote)と · particlecloses the quoted clause ending at ぜ野Toady野 · proper nounsubject of 云うNickname (short for 野だいこ, 'flatterer') for the art teacher; the translation renders it 'Toady'.
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula predicate of 野が(subject)が · particlemarks 野だ as subject of 云う云うsaid云う · verbverb of the subordinate clause (introduced by と) modifying the main clauseと(and)と · subordinating conjunctionmarks 云う's clause as temporal/causal setup for the main clauseマドンナMadonnaマドンナ · nounmodifies 話の(possessive)の · particlemarks マドンナ as possessive of 話話talk話 · nountopic of よそうは(topic)は · particlemarks 話 as topicよそうlet's stopよす · verbpredicate (volitional) of the quoted clauseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcontracted copula (では) forming the tag じゃないかないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates じゃか(question)か · particlesentence-final particle forming the tag questionホホホホho ho ho hoホホホホ · interjectiononomatopoeia for laughter, complement of したと(quote)と · particlemarks ホホホホ as manner/quote赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of したが(subject)が · particlemarks 赤シャツ as subject気味feeling気味 · nounmodifies 悪るいの(subject)の · particlemarks 気味 as subject of the attributive clause悪るいcreepy悪い · adjectiveattributive modifier of 方悪るい is an older okurigana spelling of 悪い.
笑いlaugh笑い · nouncompound with 方方way方 · noundirect object of したを(object)を · particlemarks 方 as objectしdidする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast tense of し"No one's around, so it's quite all right," he said, glancing at me for a moment, then deliberately turning his face away and smirking.
なにwhyなに · interjectionsentence-initial dismissive filler誰anyone誰 · pronounsubject of 居も(even)も · particlecombines with 誰 for 'no one'居is居る · verbpredicate of the clause introduced by からないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates 居からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause大丈夫all right大丈夫 · adjectivepredicate of the quoted clauseです(polite)です · auxiliary verbpolite copula of 大丈夫と(quote)と · subordinating conjunctioncloses the quote, introduces 見たちょっとfor a momentちょっと · adverbmodifies 見おれmyおれ · nounpossessive modifier of 方の(possessive)の · particlemarks おれ as possessive方direction方 · noundirect object of 見を(object)を · particlemarks 方 as object見looked見る · verbadverbial clause on 笑った(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of 見がbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction linking 見た to the following clauseわざとdeliberatelyわざと · adverbmodifies そむけ顔face顔 · noundirect object of そむけを(object)を · particlemarks 顔 as objectそむけturned awayそむける · verbadverbial clause on 笑ってandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects そむけ to 笑っにやにやwith a smirkにやにや · adverbmodifies 笑っと(manner)と · particlemarks にやにや as manner笑っlaughed笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of 笑っSomething about it left me with a bad feeling.
おれIおれ · nountopic of the sentenceは(topic)は · particlemarks おれ as topic何something何 · pronounpart of the idiom 何だか, modifies 心持ちだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the idiom 何だかかorか · particlepart of the idiom 何だか何だか is a set phrase meaning 'somehow, for some reason'.
やunpleasantいや · adjectiveattributive stem modifying 心持ちColloquial contraction of いや ('unpleasant'), dropping the initial い.
な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive marker linking や to 心持ち心持ちfeeling心持ち · nounsubject of しが(subject)が · particlemarks 心持ち as subjectしoccurredする · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of しWhether it's the Madonna or the young master or whoever, it's no business of mine, so they could go on setting her up wherever they liked — but he said things nobody could understand, then acted as if it did not matter if I heard because I would not understand.
マドンナMadonnaマドンナ · nountopic of the first concessive clauseだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbconjectural copula of マドンナがwhetherが · subordinating conjunctionconcessive marker, 'whether...or'小young小 · nouncompound with 旦那旦那master旦那 · nountopic of the second concessive clauseだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbconjectural copula of 旦那がwhetherが · subordinating conjunctionconcessive marker, 'whether...or'おれmyおれ · nounpossessive modifier of 事 (via 関係した)の(possessive)の · particlemarks おれ as possessive関係involved関係 · nounverbal noun, clause modifying 事しwasする · auxiliary verbverbalizer forming 関係するた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of 関係し事matter事 · nounsubject of で(ない)でisだ · auxiliary verbcopula predicate of 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates でからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause勝手freely勝手 · adjectiveadverbial modifier of 立たに(adverbial)に · particleadverbializer of 勝手立たstand立つ · verbadverbial clause on よかろうせるmakeせる · auxiliary verbcausative auxiliary of 立たがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive, 'but'よかろうwould be fineよい · adjectiveconjectural predicate, 'would be fine'がbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive, linking to the following clause人people人 · nounoblique complement of 分らに(to)に · particlemarks 人 as the one who fails to understand分らunderstand分る · verbattributive clause modifying 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates 分ら事things事 · noundirect object of 言っを(object)を · particlemarks 事 as object言っsays言う · verbadverbial clause leading into the next 分らない clauseてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 言っ to the next clause分らunderstand分る · verbpredicate of the clause introduced by から, modifying 聞いないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates 分らからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause for 聞い聞いask聞く · verbconcessive clause (たって) on したってeven ifたって · particleconcessive suffix on 聞い, 'even if'構care構う · verbstem, forms 構やしません with や and しや(emphatic)は · particleemphatic topic marker after 構(い), colloquial contraction of いはしdoesする · verbpredicate, forms 構やしません with ませんませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbpolite auxiliary of しんnotぬ · auxiliary verbnegates し (forms ません)て(quote)て · particlepart of the colloquial quotative てえ (=という)えcalledという · verbquotative verb, forms an attributive clause modifying 風ようlikeよう · auxiliary verbattributive suffix on え, 'like'な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive marker linking よう to 風風air風 · noundirect object of するを(object)を · particlemarks 風 as objectするputs onする · verbmain verb of the sentenceIt was a low, vulgar way to carry on.
下品vulgar下品 · adjectiveattributive modifier of 仕草な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive marker linking 下品 to 仕草仕草behavior仕草 · nounhead of the phraseだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula, predicate of the sentenceAnd here the man goes around calling himself an Edo boy, of all things.
これthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 云っ, 'with this'で(with)で · particlemarks これ as means/context当人the man当人 · nounsubject of 云っは(topic)は · particlemarks 当人 as topic私I私 · pronounsubject of the quoted clauseも(also)も · particlemarks 私 as 'also'江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounpredicate noun of the quoted clauseで(and)で · particleconnective copula form, links 江戸っ子 to げすげすamです · auxiliary verbcopula, predicate markerげす is an Edo shitamachi dialect variant of です, flaunting the speaker's Edokko pride.
など(and such)など · particlemarks げす as 'and so on', belittling toneと(quote)と · particlecloses the quote云っsays云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(ongoing)てる · auxiliary verbprogressive aspect of 云っI figured "Madonna" must be the nickname of some geisha Red Shirt is friendly with, or something of the sort.
マドンナMadonnaマドンナ · nounoblique complement of 云うと(quote)と · particlemarks マドンナ as quoted云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying の, 'called Madonna'の(the thing)の · particlenominalizes 云う clause, subject of はは(topic)は · particlemarks the nominalized clause as topic何whatever何 · pronounpart of the idiom 何でもでisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the idiom 何でもも(even)も · particlepart of the idiom 何でも赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounpossessive modifier of 馴染の(possessive)の · particlemarks シャツ as possessive馴染regular馴染 · nounmodifies 芸者の(possessive)の · particlemarks 馴染 as possessive of 芸者芸者geisha芸者 · nounmodifies 渾名の(possessive)の · particlemarks 芸者 as possessive of 渾名渾名nickname渾名 · nounoblique complement of 違い(ない)かorか · particlemarks alternation, 'or'何something何 · pronounalternative complement, 'something'か(indefinite)か · particleforms indefinite pronoun 何か with 何に(to)に · particlemarks the target of 違い(ない)違いdoubt違い · nounpart of the idiom 違いない, 'no doubt'ないnoない · adjectivenegates 違い, completing the idiomと(quote)と · particlemarks the clause as quoted, for 思っ思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of 思っTo have his favorite geisha stand under a pine tree on a deserted island and gaze at her — what an easy life.
なじみfavoriteなじみ · nounmodifies 芸者の(possessive)の · particlemarks なじみ as possessive芸者geisha芸者 · noundirect object of 立たしを(object)を · particlemarks 芸者 as object無人uninhabited無人 · nouncompound with 島島island島 · nounmodifies 松の(possessive)の · particlemarks 島 as possessive松pine松 · nounmodifies 木の(possessive)の · particlemarks 松 as possessive木tree木 · nounmodifies 下の(possessive)の · particlemarks 木 as possessive下under下 · nounoblique complement of 立たしに(at)に · particlemarks 下 as location立たしmake stand立たす · verbadverbial clause on 眺めてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 立たし to 眺め眺めgaze at眺める · verbadverbial clause on いれ(ば)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionconnects 眺め to いれいれis doingいる · verbprogressive auxiliary stem, forms conditional with ばばifば · subordinating conjunctionconditional marker, 'if'世話trouble世話 · nountopic of ないは(topic)は · particlemarks 世話 as topicないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phrase, predicateAnd then Toady would paint it in oils and put it up at an exhibition, no doubt.
それitそれ · pronoundirect object of かいを(object)を · particlemarks それ as object野Toady野 · proper nounsubject of かいだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula, part of 野だが naming the subjectが(subject)が · particlemarks 野だ as subject of the sentence油絵oil painting油絵 · nounoblique complement of かいに(as)に · particlemarks 油絵 as the mediumで(or)で · particlepart of the idiom にでも, tentative suggestionも(even)も · particlepart of the idiom にでもかいpaint描く · verbadverbial clause on 出してandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects かい to 出し展覧exhibit展覧 · nouncompound with 会会show会 · nounoblique complement of 出しへ(to)へ · particlemarks 展覧会 as goal出しsubmit出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceたらifた · auxiliary verbconditional marker on 出しよかろうwould be goodよい · auxiliary verbpredicate completing the conditional, 'would be good'- 4
"This spot looks about right," said the boatman, stopping the boat and dropping anchor.
ここhereここ · pronounmodifies いらいらareaいら · nounsubject of いいが(subject)が · particlemarks いら as subjectいいgoodいい · adjectivepredicate of the quoted clauseだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbconjectural auxiliary of いいと(quote)と · subordinating conjunctioncloses the quote, introduces 船頭は...船頭boatman船頭 · nounsubject of とめは(topic)は · particlemarks 船頭 as topic船boat船 · noundirect object of とめを(object)を · particlemarks 船 as objectとめstoppedとめる · verbadverbial clause on 卸してandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects とめ to 卸し錨anchor錨 · noundirect object of 卸しを(object)を · particlemarks 錨 as object卸しdropped卸す · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast of 卸し "How many fathoms here?" asked Red Shirt, and the boatman said about six fathoms.
幾how many幾 · numeralquantifies 尋尋fathoms尋 · nounoblique complement of あるあるare thereある · verbclausal complement of 聞くかquestion markerか · particlequestion particle on あるねehね · particlesentence-final particle on あるとquotingと · particlequotative particle introducing 聞く赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 聞くNickname for the school's head teacher, from the red flannel shirt he wears.
がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking シャツ聞くasks聞く · verbadverbial clause on 云うとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞く六six六 · numeralcompound with 尋尋fathoms尋 · nounquantified by ぐらいぐらいaboutぐらい · particleparticle marking 尋だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ぐらいとquotingと · particlequotative particle marking ぐらいだ云うsays云う · verbmain verb of the sentence"Six fathoms will make sea bream tricky," Red Shirt said, and cast his line into the water.
六six六 · numeralquantifies 尋尋fathoms尋 · nounoblique complement of むずかしいぐらいaboutぐらい · particleparticle marking 尋じゃif it'sだ · auxiliary verbconditional copula on ぐらいじゃ is a colloquial contraction of では, here forming a mild conditional.
鯛sea bream鯛 · nounsubject of むずかしいはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 鯛むずかしいdifficultむずかしい · adjectiveadverbial clause on なげなehな · particlesentence-final particle on むずかしいとquotingと · particlequotative particle marking むずかしいな赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of なげはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking シャツ糸line糸 · noundirect object of なげをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 糸海sea海 · nounoblique complement of なげへintoへ · particleparticle marking 海なげcastsなげる · verbadverbial clause on 込んSplit verb なげ込む "cast/throw in"; contextual sense is carried across both pieces.
込んin込む · verbmain verb of the sentenceだ(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込んThe fellow seemed bent on catching sea bream — quite the bold ambition.
大将boss大将 · nountopic, subject of 見える大将 here is a casual vocative ("chief/boss"), not a noun compound with 鯛.
鯛sea bream鯛 · noundirect object of 釣るをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 鯛釣るto catch釣る · verbclause modifying 気気intent気 · nounoblique complement of 見えるとasと · particleparticle marking 気見えるseems見える · verbmain verb of the first clause豪胆bold豪胆 · adjectiveclause modifying ものな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive auxiliary of 豪胆ものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものToady said, "No, with your skill, Vice-Principal, you'll get one."
野Toady野だいこ · proper nountopic, subject of implied speech野だ is a shortened form of the character's nickname 野だいこ ("Toady"); the surface splits across this token and だ.
だ(name)野だいこ · proper nounsecond half of the nickname 野だはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 野だなにnoなに · interjectionmild denial opening the sentence教頭Headmaster教頭 · nounmodifies 手際の'sの · particleparticle marking 教頭お(honorific)お · prefixhonorific compound with 手際手際skill手際 · nounoblique complement of かかりじゃwithだ · auxiliary verbconditional copula on 手際かかりwill biteかかる · verbmain verb of the sentenceます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かかりよI tell youよ · particlesentence-final particle on かかります"And besides, the sea's dead calm," he flattered, and let out his own line and cast it in.
それthatそれ · pronounoblique complement of なぎにbesidesに · particleparticle marking それなぎcalmなぎ · nounadverbial clause on 云いですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なぎからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なぎとquotingと · particlequotative particle marking なぎですお(honorific)お · prefixhonorific compound with 世辞世辞flattery世辞 · noundirect object of 云いをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 世辞云いsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 投げながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云いこれthis oneこれ · pronounsubject of 投げもtooも · particleparticle marking これ糸line糸 · noundirect object of 繰りをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 糸繰りpays out繰る · verbadverbial clause on 投げ出しout出す · verbadverbial clause on 投げてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し投げcasts投げる · verbmain verb of the sentence入れるin入れる · verbadverbial clause on 投げAll I could see was something like a lead sinker dangling at the end.
何somehow何だか · pronounadverbial clause on ぶら下がっ何だか is a set idiom meaning "for some reason / it seemed like", split across these three tokens.
だ(idiom)何だか · auxiliary verbpart of the idiom 何だかか(idiom)何だか · particlepart of the idiom 何だか先end先 · nounoblique complement of ぶら下がっにatに · particleparticle marking 先錘sinker錘 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particleparticle marking 錘ようlikeよう · nounclause modifying 鉛な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive auxiliary of よう鉛lead鉛 · nounsubject of ぶら下がっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 鉛ぶら下がっdanglesぶら下がる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてる(progressive)てる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぶら下がっだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking ぶら下がってるだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぶら下がっThere was no float.
浮float浮き · nounsubject of ないがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 浮ないthere isn'tない · adjectivehead of the phraseFishing without a float is like taking a temperature without a thermometer.
浮float浮き · nounsubject of なくっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 浮なくっwithoutない · adjectiveadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なくっ釣fishing釣り · noundirect object of するをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 釣するdoingする · verbdepends on もののthe act ofの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes するはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking する寒暖temperature寒暖 · nouncompound with 計計gauge計 · nouncompound with 寒暖なしwithoutなし · nounoblique complement of はかるでwithで · particleparticle marking なし熱度temperature熱度 · noundirect object of はかるをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 熱度はかるmeasuringはかる · verbclause modifying ものようlikeよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of はかるな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive auxiliary of ようものthingもの · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものI couldn't imagine how it was done, and while I was watching, Red Shirt said, "Come now, you try it too — do you have line?"
にtoに · particleparticle marking おれはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ到底no matter what到底 · adverbmodifies 出来ない出来can do出来る · verbclausal complement of 見ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来とquotingと · particlequotative particle marking 到底出来ない見watching見る · verbadverbial clause on 聞くてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見いる(progressive)いる · verbpart of the phrase 見てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見さあcome nowさあ · interjectionopens the quoted speech君you君 · pronounsubject of やりもtooも · particleparticle marking 君やりdoやる · verbclause modifying たまえたまえpleaseたまう · auxiliary verbhonorific imperative auxiliary of やり糸line糸 · nounsubject of ありはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 糸ありis thereある · verbadverbial clause on 聞くます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありかquestion markerか · particlequestion particle on ありますとquotingと · particlequotative particle marking ありますか聞くasks聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceI said I had line to spare but no float, and he said anyone who can't fish without a float is an amateur.
糸line糸 · nounsubject of あまるはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 糸あまるis extraあまる · verbclause modifying ほどほどto the extentほど · particleparticle marking あまるあるthere isある · verbclause coordinated with ありがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ある浮float浮き · nounsubject of ありがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 浮ありthere isある · verbclausal complement of 云っませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありとquotingと · particlequotative particle marking ありません云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 出来たらwhenたら · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of 云っ浮float浮き · nounsubject of なくっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 浮なくっwithoutない · adjectiveclause modifying ちゃちゃifては · particleconditional particle marking なくっ釣fishing釣り · nounsubject of 出来がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 釣出来can出来る · verbdepends on 素人ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来のone whoの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 出来ないはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 出来ない素人amateur素人 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 素人よI tell youよ · particlesentence-final particle on 素人です"Do it like this — when the line reaches the bottom, you gauge the vibrations with your forefinger at the gunwale; the moment it bites, it answers straight to your hand."
こうlike thisこう · adverbmodifies ししdoする · verbadverbial clause on はかるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しねyou seeね · particlesentence-final particle on して糸line糸 · nounsubject of ついがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 糸水底bottom水底 · nounoblique complement of ついへtoへ · particleparticle marking 水底ついreachesつく · verbclause modifying 時分た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つい時分moment時分 · nounoblique complement of はかるにatに · particleparticle marking 時分船縁gunwale船縁 · nounmodifies 所の'sの · particleparticle marking 船縁所place所 · nounoblique complement of はかるでatで · particleparticle marking 所人指しindex人指し · nouncompound with ゆびゆびfingerゆび · nounoblique complement of はかるでwithで · particleparticle marking ゆび呼吸the feel呼吸 · noundirect object of はかるをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 呼吸はかるgaugeはかる · verbmain verb of the first clauseん(explanatory)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes はかるですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん食うbites食う · verbadverbial clause on 答えるとwhenと · particleintroduces the clause of 食うすぐimmediatelyすぐ · adverbmodifies 答える手hand手 · nounoblique complement of 答えるにtoに · particleparticle marking 手答えるanswers答える · verbmain verb of the sentence"There — got one," he said, and suddenly began reeling in fast, and I thought something had caught, but nothing had — the bait was simply gone.
そらthereそら · interjectioninterjection opening the quoted exclamationきgot oneくる · verbmain verb of the quoted exclamation そらきたたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of きとquote markerと · particlequotative particle marking き...た先生the teacher先生 · nounsubject of たぐり始める急suddenly急 · adjectiveadverbial modifier of たぐりにadverb markerだ · auxiliary verbadverbializer of 急糸line糸 · noundirect object of たぐりをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 糸たぐりreels inたぐる · verbcompounds with 始める始めるbegins始める · verbpredicate of the から-clauseからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the causal clause on the sentence何something何 · pronounpart of indefinite pronoun 何か, subject of かかっかindefinite markerか · particleparticle forming indefinite 何かかかっcaughtかかる · verbclausal complement of 思ったpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かかっとquote markerと · particleparticle marking かかっ思っthought思う · verbpredicate of the たら-clauseたらwhenたら · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っ何にnothing何にも · pronounsubject of かからもat all何にも · particleparticle marking 何にかからcatchesかかる · verbmain verb of the clause 何にもかからないないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かから餌the bait餌 · nounsubject of なくなっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 餌なくなっwas goneなくなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionlinks なくなっ to たたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なくなっばかりjustばかり · particleparticle marking なくなっだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula of the sentenceServed him right.
いいgoodいい · adjectivemodifies 気味いい気味 is an idiom meaning 'serves you/him right.'
気味feeling気味 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of the sentence"Vice-Principal, what a shame — that was surely a big one just now, but if even your skill lets one get away, there's no being careless today."
教頭Headmaster教頭 · nounvocative address残念a shame残念 · adjectivemodifies 事なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbattributive marker on 残念事thing事 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 事しdidする · verbmain verb of the clauseましpolite markerます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of したpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しねright?ね · particlesentence-final softener今now今 · nounmodified by の, subject of なかっのnominalizerの · particlenominalizer on 今はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 今のたしかcertainlyたしか · adjectiveadverbial modifier of なかっにadverb markerだ · auxiliary verbadverbializer of たしか大big大 · nouncompound with ものものoneもの · nounoblique complement of なかっにsurelyに · particleparticle marking もの in the idiom に違いない違いdoubt違い · nouncompound with なかっなかっwas notない · adjectivemain predicate of the clauseたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なかっんexplanatory markerの · particleexplanatory nominalizerですisです · auxiliary verbcopula of んがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the contrastive clauseどうanywayどう · adverbpart of どうも, modifies 逃げられちゃもevenも · particlepart of どうも教頭Headmaster's教頭 · nounmodifies 手際のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 教頭おhonorific prefixお · prefixhonorific prefix on 手際手際skill手際 · nounoblique complement of 逃げでwithで · particleparticle marking 手際, part of でさえさえevenさえ · particleparticle marking 手際逃げescapes逃げる · verbclause modifying ちゃられgets awayられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逃げちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the conditional clause on でき今日today今日 · nounoblique complement of できはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 今日油断carelessness油断 · nounsubject of できがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 油断できcanできる · verbmain verb of the sentenceませpolite markerます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of できんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of できよemphasis markerよ · particlesentence-final emphasis"Still, even getting away is something."
しかしstillしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination逃げgets away逃げる · verbadverbial clause on 何られcanられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逃げてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 逃げ, part of てももevenも · particleparticle marking 逃げ, part of ても何something何 · pronounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何ねright?ね · particlesentence-final softener"Better than the ones who just stare down a float."
浮a float浮き · nounmodifies くらとwithと · particleparticle marking 浮睨めstaring睨む · nouncompound with くらくらmatchくらべ · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking くらしdoingする · verbclause modifying 連中てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるis -ingいる · auxiliary verbprogressive auxiliary of し連中the ones連中 · nounoblique complement of ましよりthanより · particleparticle marking 連中はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 連中ましbetterまし · adjectivemain predicate of the sentenceですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ましねright?ね · particlesentence-final softener"It is just like being unable to ride a bicycle unless it has a brake.," Toady rattled on with all this nonsense.
ちょうどjustちょうど · adverbmodifies 歯どめ歯どめbrakes歯どめ · nounsubject of なくっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 歯どめなくっlackingない · adjectiveclause modifying ちゃちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the conditional clause on 乗れ自転車bicycle自転車 · nounoblique complement of 乗れへontoへ · particleparticle marking 自転車乗れcan ride乗れる · verbclause modifying 程度ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗れのnominalizerの · particlenominalizer on 乗れないとasと · particleparticle marking の, comparative with 程度同same同 · nouncompound with 程度程度degree程度 · nounpredicate complement of the sentenceですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 程度からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 程度ねyou knowね · particlesentence-final softenerとquote markerと · particlequotative particle marking the whole quote野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ, subject of 喋舌るだ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 野だ妙strange妙 · adjectiveclause modifying 事なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbattributive marker on 妙事things事 · nounoblique complement of 喋舌るばかりonlyばかり · particleparticle marking 事喋舌るchatters喋舌る · verbmain verb of the sentenceI very nearly wanted to belt him one.
よっぽどvery nearlyよっぽど · adverbmodifies 撲り撲りstrike撲る · verbadverbial clause on やろうつけhardつける · verbcompounds with 撲り, intensifierてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけやろうwould doやる · verbclausal complement of 思っかmaybeか · particleintroduces the clause of やろうとthatと · particleparticle marking やろう思っthought思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っI'm human too — the vice-principal hasn't rented out the whole sea for himself.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of the clause おれだってだevenだって · particlepart of emphatic だって on おれって(emphasis)だって · particlepart of emphatic だって on おれ人間human人間 · nounpredicate complement of the sentenceだamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 人間教頭the Headmaster教頭 · nounsubject of 借り切っひとりaloneひとり · nounoblique complement of 借りでbyで · particleparticle marking ひとり借りrented借りる · verbclause modifying 海切っentirely切る · verbcompounds with 借り, completiveたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 借り海sea海 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 海あるisある · verbpart of the phrase じゃあるまいまいsurely notまい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 海しandし · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 海It's a wide place.
広いwide広い · adjectiveclause modifying 所所place所 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 所Even a single bonito ought to bite out of decency at least, I thought, and I flung my sinker and line in with a plop and worked it idly with my fingertips.
鰹bonito鰹 · nounmodifies 匹のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 鰹一one一 · numeralquantifies 匹匹fish匹 · nouncounter modifying 鰹ぐらいat leastぐらい · particleparticle marking 匹義理decency義理 · nounoblique complement of かかっにout ofに · particleparticle marking 義理だevenだって · particlepart of emphatic だって on 義理にって(emphasis)だって · particlepart of emphatic だって on 義理にかかっbitesかかる · verbadverbial clause on あやつってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かかっくれるfor meくれる · auxiliary verbbenefactive auxiliary of かかっだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かかっとthatと · particlequotative particle marking the thoughtどぼんplopどぼん · adverbmodifies 抛り込んとsound markerと · particleparticle marking どぼん錘sinker錘 · nounmodifies 糸とandと · particleparticle marking 錘糸line糸 · noundirect object of 抛り込んをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 糸抛りtossed抛る · verbcompounds with 込ん込んin込む · verbcompounds with 抛りでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んいいlooselyいい · adjectiveclause modifying 加減加減manner加減 · nounoblique complement of あやつっにadverb markerに · particleadverbializer on 加減指finger指 · nounmodifies 先のpossessive markerの · particleparticle marking 指先tip先 · nounoblique complement of あやつっでwithで · particleparticle marking 先あやつっworkedあやつる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あやつっいwas -ingいる · auxiliary verbprogressive auxiliary of あやつったpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あやつっ- 5
After a while something began tugging faintly at my line, twitch, twitch.
しばらくa whileしばらく · adverbmodifies するするpassesする · verbadverbial clause on あるとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of する何(idiom)何 · pronounpart of 何だか, adverbial on あたるだsomehow何だか · particlepart of the idiom 何だかか(somehow)何だか · particlepart of the idiom 何だかぴくぴくtwitch-twitchぴくぴく · adverbmodifies あたるとsound markerと · particleparticle marking ぴくぴく糸line糸 · nounoblique complement of あたるにatに · particleparticle marking 糸あたるtouchingあたる · verbclause modifying ものものsomethingもの · nounsubject of あるがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking ものあるthere isある · verbmain verb of the sentence I thought to myself.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 考えはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ考えthought考える · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast markerた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 考えThis has to be a fish.
こいつthisこいつ · pronounsubject of ないはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking こいつ魚fish魚 · nounoblique complement of ないにsurelyに · particleparticle marking 魚 in the idiom に相違ない相違doubt相違 · nouncompound with ないないnoない · adjectivehead of the phraseNothing but a living thing would twitch like that.
生きliving生きる · verbclause modifying ものてるis -ingてる · auxiliary verbprogressive auxiliary of 生きものthingもの · nounpredicate complement before なくっちゃでbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものなくnotない · auxiliary verbnegates でっちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the conditional clause on ないこうlike thisこう · adverbmodifies ぴくつくぴくtwitchぴくつく · verbclause modifying 訳つく(repeatedly)ぴくつく · verbcompounds with ぴく訳reason訳 · nounsubject of ないがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 訳ないthere is noない · adjectivehead of the phraseGot it — a bite! — and I hauled it in hand over hand.
しめたGot it!しめた · interjectioninterjection, exclaimed before 釣れたfixed exclamation of triumph, lit. 'I've done it!'
釣れgot a bite釣れる · verbquoted clause on 寄せ, marked by とた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣れとandと · particlequotative particle marking 釣れたぐいぐいhand over handぐいぐい · adverbmodifies 寄せ手繰りreel手繰る · verbcompound with 寄せ寄せin寄せる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 寄せ"Oh, did you catch one? The younger generation is a force to reckon with.," Toady jeered while the line, already mostly hauled in, had only some five feet or so still in the water.
おやOh!おや · interjectioninterjection, opens the quote釣れdid catch釣れる · verbverb of the quoted question, marked by とまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣れた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣れか?か · particlequestion particle on 釣れましたねehね · particlesentence-final particle on 釣れましたか後世posterity後世 · nounobject-like complement of 恐る (classical)恐るdread恐る · verbpredicate of the quoted saying, marked by だとquotes the classical saying 後世畏る(恐る)べし, 'the young are to be feared'
べしshouldべし · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 恐るだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula ending the quoteとthatと · particlequotative particle marking the quote野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of name 野だ, subject of ひやかすだ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of name 野だがsubjectが · particlesubject marker on 野だひやかすjeersひやかす · verbclause modifying うちうちwhileうち · nountemporal complement of おら, meaning 'while'糸the line糸 · nounsubject of おら (main clause)はtopicは · particletopic marker on 糸もうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 大概大概mostly大概 · adverbmodifies 手繰り込ん手繰りhauled手繰る · verbcompound with 込ん込んin込む · verbcompound with 手繰りでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んただonlyただ · adverbmodifies 尺五five五 · numeralmodifies 尺尺feet尺 · nounquantity complement of 浸1 shaku ≈ 30cm, close to a foot
ばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 尺ほどor soほど · particleparticle marking 尺しかonlyしか · particleparticle marking 尺, with negative水water水 · nounoblique complement of 浸にinに · particleparticle marking 水浸soaked浸く · verbmain verb of the sentence; verb stem of 浸く (continues in w33)い(stem)浸く · verbsound-change (onbin) component of 浸くてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects 浸いて to おらおらisおる · verbaspectual auxiliary (progressive), negated by んんnotぬ · auxiliary verbnegates おらPeering over the gunwale, I saw a striped fish, something like a goldfish, stuck on the line, swaying side to side and rising up as I pulled.
船縁gunwale船縁 · nounoblique complement of 覗いからoverから · particleparticle marking 船縁覗いpeered覗く · verbadverbial clause on くっついてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 覗いみ(tried)みる · verbpart of the phrase てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 覗い金魚goldfish金魚 · nounmodifies ようのofの · particleparticle marking 金魚ようlikeよう · nounclause modifying 縞な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう縞stripes縞 · nounmodifies あるのsubjectの · particlesubject marker on 縞, in relative clauseあるhasある · verbclause modifying 魚魚fish魚 · nounsubject of くっついがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 魚糸line糸 · nounoblique complement of くっついにtoに · particleparticle marking 糸くっついstuckくっつく · verbadverbial clause on 浮きてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of くっつい右左side to side右左 · nounoblique complement of 漾へtoへ · particleparticle marking 右左漾sway漾う · verbverb stem of 漾う (continues in w23)い(stem)漾う · verbstem component of 漾うながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of い手hand手 · nounoblique complement of 応じにtoに · particleparticle marking 手応じresponding応ずる · verbadverbial clause on 浮きてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 応じ浮きrising浮く · verbmain verb of the sentence上がっup上がる · verbcompound with 浮きてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 上がっくるcomesくる · verbpart of the phrase てHow interesting.
面白いinteresting面白い · adjectivehead of the phraseAs I brought it up out of the water it flopped, splashing salt water all over my face.
水際water's edge水際 · nounoblique complement of 上げるからout ofから · particleparticle marking 水際上げるbrought up上げる · verbclause modifying ときときwhenとき · nounoblique complement of 跳ねぽちゃりflopぽちゃり · adverboblique complement of 跳ねとmannerと · particleparticle marking ぽちゃり跳ねflopped跳ねる · verbadverbial clause on なった(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 跳ねからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 跳ねおれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 顔の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ顔face顔 · nounsubject of なっはtopicは · particleparticle marking 顔潮水salt water潮水 · nouncomplement of なっだらけcovered inだらけ · suffixattaches to 潮水noun-forming suffix meaning 'covered in / full of'
に(copula)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 潮水なっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっI finally got hold of it and tried to take out the hook, but it wouldn't come loose easily.
ようやくfinallyようやく · adverbmodifies つらまえつらまえcaught holdつらまえる · verbadverbial clause on 取れてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つらまえ針hook針 · noundirect object of とろうをobjectを · particleparticle marking 針とろうtake outとる · verbadverbial clause on するとtoと · particleparticle marking とろうするtriedする · verbadverbial clause on 取れがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of するなかなかeasilyなかなか · adverbmodifies 取れ取れcome loose取れる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 取れMy hand, once I'd caught it, went all slimy.
捕まえcaught捕まえる · verbclause modifying 手た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 捕まえ手hand手 · nounsubject of ぬるぬるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 手ぬるぬるslimyぬるぬる · adverbadverbial complement of するするwentする · verbmain verb of the sentenceIt was thoroughly unpleasant.
大いにthoroughly大いに · adverbmodifies わるい気味feeling気味 · nounsubject of わるいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 気味わるいunpleasantわるい · adjectivehead of the phraseFed up with it, I shook the line and flung the thing down onto the floorboards, and it died at once.
面倒bothersome面倒 · adjectiveadverbial clause on 振っだ(copula)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 面倒からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 面倒糸line糸 · noundirect object of 振っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 糸振っshook振る · verbadverbial clause on 擲きてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 振っ胴の間floorboards胴の間 · nounoblique complement of 擲きへontoへ · particleparticle marking 胴の間擲きflung擲く · verbadverbial clause on 死んつけdownつける · verbadverbial clause on 死んたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of つけすぐat onceすぐ · adverbmodifies 死ん死んdied死ぬ · verbmain verb of the sentenceでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 死んしまっ(completely)しまう · verbpart of the phrase でた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 死んRed Shirt and Toady watched, looking startled.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounmodifies 野とandと · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nounconjoined subject, part of name 野だだ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of name 野だはtopicは · particleparticle marking 赤シャツと野だ驚ろいstartled驚ろく · verbadverbial clause on 見てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 驚ろい見watched見る · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見いる(continuing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てI washed my hands vigorously in the sea and held them up to my nose.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of あてがっはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ海sea海 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particleparticle marking 海中in中 · nounoblique complement of 洗っでinで · particleparticle marking 中手hands手 · noundirect object of 洗っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 手ざぶざぶvigorouslyざぶざぶ · adverbadverbial clause on 洗っとmannerと · particleparticle marking ざぶざぶ洗っwashed洗う · verbadverbial clause on あてがってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 洗っ鼻nose鼻 · nounmodifies 先の'sの · particleparticle marking 鼻先tip先 · nounoblique complement of あてがっへtoへ · particleparticle marking 先あてがっheld upあてがう · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あてがっみ(tried)みる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あてがっThey still smelled fishy.
まだstillまだ · adverbmodifies 臭い腥fishy腥い · adjectivecompound with 臭い臭いsmelling臭い · adjectivehead of the phraseI'd had quite enough.
もうnowもう · adverbmodifies 懲り懲り懲り懲りfed up懲り懲り · adjectivehead of the phraseだ(copula)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 懲り懲りI never wanted to hold another fish, whatever I caught.
何whatever何 · pronounsubject of 釣れがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 何釣れcaught釣れる · verbconcessive clause on 握り, marked by ってた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣れってeven ifって · particleconcessive particle marking 釣れたcolloquial contraction of と言っても, 'even if'
魚fish魚 · nounsubject of 握りはtopicは · particleparticle marking 魚握りhold握る · verbmain verb of the sentenceたくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 握りないnotない · adjectivenegates 握りたいNo doubt the fish didn't want to be held either.
魚fish魚 · nounsubject of 握らもalsoも · particleparticle marking 魚握らheld握る · verbmain verb of the sentenceれbeれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 握ら (passive)たくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 握らなかろうprobably notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 握ら, negative conjecturalI wound up my line right then and there.
そうrightそう · adverbmodifies 捲いそうawayそう · adverbmodifies 捲い糸line糸 · noundirect object of 捲いをobjectを · particleparticle marking 糸捲いwound捲く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 捲いしまっ(completely)しまう · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 捲い- 6
"First catch, well done — but it's just a Gorki," Toady said with his usual cheek, and Red Shirt joked, "Gorki — sounds like the name of some Russian man of letters."
一番first一番 · nouncompound with 槍, forms idiom 一番槍槍catch槍 · nounhead noun with 一番, subject of お手柄一番槍 lit. "first spear"; idiom for being first to succeed.
はtopic markerは · particletopic marker for 一番槍お(honorific)お · prefixhonorific prefix on 手柄手柄credit手柄 · nounpredicate noun with だ, describing 一番槍だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking 手柄 to 一番槍がbutが · conjunctionconnects お手柄だ to ゴルキじゃ (contrast)ゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounpredicate complement of じゃじゃisじゃ · auxiliary verbdialect copula (= だ), linking to implied subject ゴルキじゃ is a colloquial/dialect variant of だ.
とthatと · particlequote marker, closes the quoted remark野Toady野だ · proper nounnickname stem, forms 野だ with next word野だ is the novel's nickname for the character 'Toady' (short for 野だいこ).
だToady野だ · proper nounsecond half of the nickname 野だがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 野だ (subject of 云う)またagainまた · adverbmodifies 云う生raw生意気 · nounintensifying element, compound with 意気生意気 lit. "raw spirit"; idiom for cheeky/impudent.
意気cheek生意気 · noundirect object of 云う (with 生, idiom for impudence)をobject markerを · particleparticle marking 生意気云うsays云う · verbverb governing Toady's quoted remarkとandと · conjunctionconnects Toady's remark to the next clauseゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nountopic of idiom ...と云うと ("speaking of Gorki")とthatと · particlequote/topic marker after ゴルキ云うsay云う · verbverb in idiom ゴルキと云うと ("speaking of Gorki")とwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the result clause (Red Shirt's remark)露西亜Russian露西亜 · proper nounmodifies 文学者 (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking 露西亜文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 者者man of letters者 · nounmodifies 名 (via よう)みseemed見る · verbclause modifying 名 (via よう な, "resembling")た(past)た · auxiliary verbpast auxiliary of みようlikeよう · nounauxiliary noun "appearance", modifies 名なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula (attributive な) linking よう to 名名name名 · nounpredicate noun, complement of だだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 名ねright?ね · particlesentence-final particle on 名だとthatと · particlequote marker closing Red Shirt's remark赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 洒落たがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 赤シャツ洒落joked洒落る · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast auxiliary of 洒落 "Just so, it really does sound like a Russian man of letters," Toady agreed at once.
そうsoそう · adverbpredicate, refers back to Red Shirt's remarkですisです · auxiliary verbcopula on そうねright?ね · particlesentence-final particle on そうですまるでjust likeまるで · adverbmodifies 文学者です露西亜Russian露西亜 · proper nounmodifies 文学者 (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking 露西亜文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 者者man of letters者 · nounpredicate noun with ですですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking 者 to the remarkねright?ね · particlesentence-final particleとthatと · particlequote marker closing Toady's remark野Toady野だ · proper nounnickname stem, forms 野だ with next word野だ is the nickname for the character 'Toady'.
だToady野だ · proper nounsecond half of the nickname 野だはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 野だすぐat onceすぐ · adverbmodifies 賛成賛成agrees賛成する · verbmain verb of the sentenceし(does)する · auxiliary verblight verb forming 賛成するやがる(disdainfully)やがる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 賛成, expresses contemptGorki is a Russian man of letters, Maruki is a photographer in Shiba, and the rice-bearing tree is the source of life.
ゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounsubject of 者 (via で)がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking ゴルキ露西亜Russian露西亜 · proper nounmodifies 文学者 (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking 露西亜文学literature文学 · nouncompound with 者者man of letters者 · nounpredicate noun with ででisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking 者 to ゴルキ, continuing clause丸木Maruki丸木 · proper nounsubject of 師 (via で)がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 丸木芝Shiba芝 · proper nounmodifies 師 (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking 芝写真photo写真 · nouncompound with 師師photographer師 · nounpredicate noun with ででisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking 師 to 丸木, continuing clause米rice米 · nounmodifies なるのsubject markerの · particlesubject marker (classical, = が) for 米なるgrowsなる · verbclause modifying 木木tree木 · nounsubject of 親がsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 木命life命 · nounmodifies 親 (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking 命親source親 · nounhead of the phrase, predicate with だろう親 lit. "parent"; idiom for the origin/source of something.
だろうprobably isだ · auxiliary verbcopula (probable) linking to 親This Red Shirt has a bad habit, really.
一体really一体 · adverbmodifies 癖だ, adds emphasisこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of シャツ赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 癖はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking シャツわるいbadわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 癖癖habit癖 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 癖Whoever he's talking to, he loves lining up katakana names for foreigners.
誰whoever誰 · pronoundirect object of 捕まえをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 誰捕まえcatches捕まえる · verbadverbial clause on 並べてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause (with も)もevenも · particleparticle marking 捕まえて, forms concessive "even if"片仮名katakana片仮名 · nounmodifies 唐人のofの · particleparticle marking 片仮名唐人foreigner唐人 · nounmodifies 名のofの · particleparticle marking 唐人名names名 · noundirect object of 並べをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 名並べlines up並べる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたがるloves toたがる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 並べ, expresses desireEvery man has his own field of expertise.
人people人 · nounoblique complement of あっにtoに · particleparticle marking 人はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 人それぞれeachそれぞれ · adverbmodifies あっ専門specialty専門 · nounsubject of あっがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 専門あっhadある · verbclause modifying ものた(past)た · auxiliary verbpast auxiliary of あっものused toもの · nounhead of the phraseもの...だ here expresses a general truth/reminiscence, not literal "thing".
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものA math teacher like me can hardly be expected to know Gorki from a cart-puller — he ought to hold back a little.
おれIおれ · pronounmodifies よう (via の)のofの · particleparticle marking おれようlikeよう · nounmodifies 教師 (via な)なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking よう to 教師数学math数学 · nounmodifies 教師のofの · particleparticle marking 数学教師teacher教師 · noundative complement of つく (見当がつく)にtoに · particleparticle marking 教師ゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounadverbial clause on つくだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of ゴルキかorか · particleor-marker, forms ゴルキだか車力cart-puller車力 · nounadverbial clause on つくだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 車力かorか · particleor-marker, forms 車力だか見当guess見当 · nounsubject of つくがsubject markerが · particleparticle marking 見当つくcomesつく · verbclause modifying もの (見当がつく, "have an idea")ものthingもの · nounpredicate noun, complement of かか(rhetorical)か · particlerhetorical question particle少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 遠慮はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 少し遠慮hold back遠慮する · verbadverbial clause on いいする(does)する · auxiliary verblight verb forming 遠慮するがthoughが · particleforms idiom するがいい ("had better")いいshouldいい · adjectivehead of the phrase, advice meaningIf he wants to name-drop, he should use names even I know, like Franklin's autobiography, or Pushing to the Front.
云うname-drop云う · verbconditional clause, if he wants to talkならifなら · auxiliary verbconditional marker on 云うフランクリンFranklinフランクリン · proper nounmodifies 自伝のofの · particleparticle marking フランクリン自伝autobiography自伝 · nounlisted item, modifies 名を使うだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of 自伝とandと · particleparticle marking 自伝, forms とかかorか · particleforms とか ("such as")プッシングPushingプッシング · proper nounmodifies ツー, part of book titleツーtoツー · proper nounmodifies ゼ, part of book titleゼtheゼ · proper nounmodifies フロント, part of book titleフロントFrontフロント · proper nounlisted item, book title with prior wordsだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of フロントとandと · particleparticle marking フロント, forms とかかorか · particleforms とか ("such as")おれIおれ · pronounoblique complement of 使う (with で も, "even I")でevenで · particleparticle marking おれ, forms でももevenも · particleparticle marking おれ, forms でも知っknow知る · verbclause modifying 名てる(state)てる · auxiliary verbstative auxiliary of 知っ名names名 · noundirect object of 使うをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 名使うuse使う · verbadverbial clause on いいがthoughが · particleforms idiom 使うがいい ("had better")いいshouldいい · adjectivehead of the phrase, advice meaningRed Shirt sometimes brings a bright red magazine called something like Imperial Literature to school and reads it as if it were a great treasure.
赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 読んはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking シャツ時々sometimes時々 · adverbmodifies 持っ (brings)帝国imperial帝国 · nouncompound with 文学文学Literature文学 · nounoblique complement of いうとasと · particleparticle marking 文学, forms とかいうかor somethingか · particleforms とかいう ("something like")いうcalledいう · verbclause modifying 雑誌真赤bright red真赤 · nounmodifies 雑誌 (via な)なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula (attributive) linking 真赤 to 雑誌雑誌magazine雑誌 · noundirect object of 持っをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 雑誌学校school学校 · nounoblique complement (goal) of 持っへtoへ · particleparticle marking 学校持っbrings持つ · verbadverbial clause on 来 (持って来る, "bring")てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 持っ来comes来る · verbadverbial clause on 読ん, combined with 持っ = "brings"てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来難hard to有難い · nounpart of 有難そう (archaic reversed spelling), modifies 読ん難有 is an archaic reversed-order spelling of 有難い ("precious/grateful"), read arigatai.
有find有難い · verbpart of 有難そう, modifies 読んそうseemsそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 有難, "seems"にas ifだ · auxiliary verbforms adverbial of 有難そう, modifies 読ん読んreads読む · verbmain verb of the sentenceでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces いる (progressive)いる(ongoing)いる · auxiliary verbmarks progressive aspect of 読んI asked Porcupine about it, and apparently every one of Red Shirt's katakana names comes straight out of that magazine.
山嵐Porcupine山嵐 · proper nounoblique complement of 聞いにtoに · particleparticle marking 山嵐聞いasked聞く · verbconditional clause on 出る (via たら)てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いみtriedみる · verbauxiliary of 聞い, "tried asking"たらwhenた · auxiliary verbconditional auxiliary of 聞い赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounmodifies 片仮名の'sの · particleparticle marking シャツ片仮名katakana names片仮名 · nounsubject of 出るはtopic markerは · particleparticle marking 片仮名みんなallみんな · nounmodifies 出るあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 雑誌雑誌magazine雑誌 · nounoblique complement (source) of 出るからfromから · particleparticle marking 雑誌出るcomes出る · verbmain verb of the sentenceん(explanatory)ん · particlenominalizer, explanatory ん (んだ)だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula with ん (んだ)そうapparentlyそう · auxiliary verbhearsay auxiliary of 出るだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula of そう (hearsay そうだ)Imperial Literature is a sinful sort of magazine.
帝国Imperial帝国 · nouncompound with 文学文学Literature文学 · nounsubject of 雑誌もalsoも · particleparticle marking 文学罪sinful罪 · nounclause modifying 雑誌 (via な)なisだ · auxiliary verbcopula (attributive) linking 罪 to 雑誌雑誌magazine雑誌 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 雑誌- 7
After that Red Shirt and Toady kept fishing with all their might, and in about an hour the two of them had pulled up fifteen or sixteen.
それthatそれ · pronounpart of the adverb それから (modifies 釣っ)からafterから · particlepart of the adverb それから赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nouncoordinated with 野 (via と)とandと · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady)だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ野だ is the nickname 'Nodaiko' (rendered 'Toady' here), not the copula だ.
はtopicは · particleparticle marking 野一生utmost一生 · adverbmodifies 懸命 (idiom 一生懸命 'with all one's might')懸命effort懸命 · adjectiveadverbializes 釣っ (idiom 一生懸命に 'with all one's might')に-lyに · particleparticle marking 懸命, forms adverb 懸命に釣っwere fishing釣る · verbadverbial clause on 上げてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 釣っいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 釣っがandが · conjunctionconjunction connecting to 上げ (continuative, not contrastive — the translation reads "and")約about約 · nouncompound with 時間一one一 · numeralquantifies 時間時間hour時間 · nounmodifies うちばかりaboutばかり · particleparticle marking 時間の'sの · particleparticle marking 時間うちwithinうち · nounoblique complement of 上げにinに · particleparticle marking うち二人the two二人 · nounoblique complement of 上げでtogetherで · particleparticle marking 二人十ten十 · numeralcompound with 上げ五five五 · numeralcompound with 上げ六six六 · numeralcompound with 十五 (forms 十五六 'fifteen or sixteen'), quantifies the implied object of 上げ上げpulled up上げる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 上げ Funnily enough, everything they caught, one after another, was nothing but Gorki.
可笑しいfunny可笑しい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounadverbial complement of the whole sentence (idiom 可笑しい事に 'funnily enough')に-lyに · particleparticle marking 事, forms adverb 可笑しい事に釣れるwhat got caught釣れる · verbsubject of ゴルキの(nominalizer)の · particleparticle marking 釣れるもalsoも · particleparticle marking 釣れる釣れるwhat got caught釣れる · verbcoordinated with the first 釣れる (via の…も…の…も)の(nominalizer)の · particleparticle marking 釣れるもalsoも · particleparticle marking 釣れるみんなallみんな · adverbmodifies ゴルキゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounpredicate noun, main predicate of the sentenceばかりnothing butばかり · particleparticle marking ゴルキ, limiting the predicate ('nothing but')だwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula completing the predicate ゴルキばかりThere wasn't a single sea bream to be had for love or money.
鯛sea bream鯛 · nountopic of ありゃ, marked by なんてなんてsuch a thing asなんて · particleparticle marking 鯛薬medicine薬 · nounoblique complement of しにasに · particleparticle marking 薬しuseする · verbadverbial clause on ありゃたくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しってthoughって · particleintroduces concessive clause with ももevenも · particleparticle marking し, forms concessive (て…も)ありゃthere isある · verbmain verb of the sentenceし(emphatic)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありゃし here is a semantically empty dummy verb in the colloquial ~ya shinai emphatic-negation pattern, not literally 'do'.
ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありゃ"Today's a real windfall for Russian literature," Red Shirt said to Toady.
今日today今日 · nounoblique complement of 話しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 今日露西亜Russian露西亜 · proper nouncompound with 文学文学literature文学 · nounmodifies 大当りの'sの · particleparticle marking 文学大当りwindfall大当り · nounadverbial clause on 話しだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 大当りと(quote)と · particlemarks the end of the quoted clause赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 話しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady), object of 話しだにtoに · particledative marker fused onto the name 野だ, object of 話しだに here fuses the end of the name 野だ ('Toady') with the dative particle に ('to').
話しsaid話す · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話しいるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase て"If even a man of your skill catches nothing but Gorki, there is no helping it if that is all a fellow like me can catch."
あなたyourあなた · pronounmodifies 手腕の'sの · particleparticle marking あなた手腕skill手腕 · nounoblique complement of ゴルキでthroughで · particleparticle marking 手腕ゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounpredicate noun of the clause, linked by copula ななisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ゴルキん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes the clause, forms んですですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ゴルキ私I私 · pronounmodifies なんぞなんぞthe likes ofなんぞ · particleparticle marking 私 ('the likes of me'), subject of the second ゴルキがsubjectが · particleparticle marking なんぞゴルキGorkiゴルキ · proper nounpredicate noun of the clause, linked by copula な; the whole clause is the topic of 仕方がありますなisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ゴルキの(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 私なんぞがゴルキな, topic of ありはtopicは · particleparticle marking ゴルキ仕方help仕方 · nounsubject of ありがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕方ありisある · verbmain verb of the sentenceませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あり"Naturally," Toady answered.
当り前natural当り前 · adjectivepredicate of the quoted clause (当り前ですな 'naturally')ですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 当り前な(emphasis)な · particlesentence-final particle marking 当り前です, introduces quote via とと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 当り前野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady)だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ野だ is the nickname 'Nodaiko' (rendered 'Toady' here), not the copula だ.
がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 野答えanswered答える · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 答えいるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てI asked the boatman, and apparently this little fish has too many bones, tastes bad, and is quite inedible.
船頭boatman船頭 · nounoblique complement of 聞くにtoに · particleparticle marking 船頭聞くask聞く · verbadverbial clause on 多くとandと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞くこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 小魚小魚little fish小魚 · nountopic of the sentence, marked by ははtopicは · particleparticle marking 小魚骨bones骨 · nounsubject of 多くがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 骨多くmany多い · adjectiveadverbial clause on まず (骨が多くって chains into 'plentiful, and…')ってandって · particleintroduces the clause of 多くまずtastes badまずい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 食えくっ(continued)まずい · adjectivepart of the adjective まず, te-form ending (contracted まずくって)くっ continues まずい's colloquial te-form まずくって ('and tastes bad'); it is not the verb 来る (kuru).
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of まず (part of まずくって)とてもat allとても · adverbmodifies 食え食えcan be eaten食える · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食えん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 食えだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んそうapparentlyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食えだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 食えIt's only good for fertilizer, apparently.
ただonlyただ · adverbmodifies 出来る (limiting: 'only')肥料fertilizer肥料 · nounoblique complement of 出来るにforに · particleparticle marking 肥料はtopicは · particleparticle marking 肥料出来るis possible出来る · verbmain verb of the sentenceそうapparentlyそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来るだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来るSo Red Shirt and Toady were fishing fertilizer for all they were worth.
赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nouncoordinated with 野 (via と)とandと · particleparticle marking シャツ野Toady野だ · proper nouncompound forming the name 野だ (Toady)だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ野だ is the nickname 'Nodaiko' (rendered 'Toady' here), not the copula だ.
はtopicは · particleparticle marking 野一生utmost一生 · adverbmodifies 懸命 (idiom 一生懸命 'with all one's might')懸命effort懸命 · adjectiveadverbializes 釣っ (idiom 一生懸命に 'with all one's might')に-lyに · particleparticle marking 懸命, forms adverb 懸命に肥料fertilizer肥料 · noundirect object of 釣っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 肥料釣っwere fishing釣る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 釣っいるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てん(explanatory)ん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 釣っだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んWhat a pitiful thing.
気の毒pitiful気の毒 · nounmodifies 至りのofの · particleparticle marking 気の毒至りheight至り · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 至りOne fish had been quite enough for me, so I lay on my back on the floorboards and had been gazing up at the wide sky for some time.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 懲りはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ一one一 · numeralquantifies 匹匹fish匹 · nounoblique complement of 懲りでwithで · particleparticle marking 匹懲りhad enough懲りる · verbadverbial clause on なった(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 懲りからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 懲り胴の間the deck胴の間 · nounoblique complement of なっへontoへ · particleparticle marking 胴の間仰向けon my back仰向け · nounoblique complement of なっにintoに · particleparticle marking 仰向け, forms adverb 仰向けに ('face-up')なっlayなる · verbadverbial clause on 眺めてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なっさっきa while agoさっき · nounoblique complement of 眺めからsinceから · particleparticle marking さっき大空the sky大空 · noundirect object of 眺めをobjectを · particleparticle marking 大空眺めgazed at眺める · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 眺めいhad beenいる · verbpart of the phrase てた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 眺めThis was a great deal more elegant than fishing.
釣fishing釣 · noundirect object of するをobjectを · particleparticle marking 釣するdoingする · verbadverbial clause on 洒落よりthanより · particlemarks comparison, introduces the clause of するこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of 方方way方 · nounsubject of 洒落がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方よっぽどfar moreよっぽど · adverbmodifies 洒落洒落was elegant洒落る · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 洒落いるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase て- 8
Then the two of them began talking together in low voices.
するthenする · conjunctionpart of the sentence-initial conjunction すると ('and then')と(then)と · subordinating conjunctionpart of the sentence-initial conjunction するとすると is a set phrase meaning 'and then, thereupon'; する here is not an independent verb.
二人the two of them二人 · nounsubject of 話しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 二人小声low voice小声 · nounoblique complement of 話しでinで · particleparticle marking 小声何something何 · pronounoblique complement of 話しか(indefinite)か · particlecombines with 何 to form 何か ('something')話しtalk話す · verbcompound verb stem, combines with 始め (‘began talking’)始めbegan始める · verbmain verb of the sentence (light verb 始める 'begin')た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 話し I couldn't make it out well, and anyway I had no wish to listen.
にtoに · particleparticle marking おれはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれよくwellよく · adverbmodifies 聞え聞えwas audible聞える · verbadverbial clause on ないないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞えまたalsoまた · adverbmodifies 聞き聞きlisten聞く · verbadverbial clause on ないたくwant toたい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞きもevenも · particleparticle marking 聞きないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseI lay looking up at the sky, thinking about Kiyo.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 考えはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ空sky空 · noundirect object of 見をobjectを · particleparticle marking 空見looking見る · verbadverbial clause on 考えながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見清Kiyo清 · proper nounmodifies 事の'sの · particleparticle marking 清事matter事 · noundirect object of 考えをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事考えthinking about考える · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(continuous)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えいるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てIf I had money and could bring Kiyo to a lovely place like this, how pleasant it would be.
金money金 · nounsubject of あっがsubjectが · particlesubject marker on 金あっhaveある · verbadverbial clause on つれてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あっ清Kiyo清 · proper noundirect object of つれをobjectを · particleobject marker on 清つれbringつれる · verbadverbial clause on 来てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つれこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies 所奇麗lovely奇麗 · adjectiveclause modifying 所なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奇麗所place所 · nounoblique complement of 来へtoへ · particleparticle marking 所遊びplay遊ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 来にtoに · particleparticle marking 遊び来come来る · verbadverbial clause on 愉快たらifた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来さぞsurelyさぞ · adverbmodifies 愉快愉快pleasant愉快 · adjectivehead of the phraseだろうwould beだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 愉快However fine the scenery, it's no fun at all with the likes of Toady along.
いくらhowever muchいくら · adverbmodifies よく景色scenery景色 · nounsubject of よくがsubjectが · particlesubject marker on 景色よくfineよい · adjectivepredicate of 景色ってandて · particleparticle marking よくColloquial euphonic contraction of くて after the adjective stem.
もevenも · particleparticle marking よく野Toady野 · proper nounclause modifying いっしょNickname (short for 野だいこ) for the toady character, rendered "Toady" in the translation.
だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 野などand the likeなど · particlemodifies 野とwithと · particleparticle marking 野いっしょtogetherいっしょ · nounoblique complement of つまらじゃifじゃ · particleparticle marking いっしょつまらboringつまらない · adjectivepredicate of the sentenceない(part of adjective)ない · adjectivepart of the adjective つまらないKiyo is a wrinkled old woman, but I've never once felt embarrassed to take her anywhere.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounsubject of だはtopicは · particletopic marker on 清皺wrinkle皺 · nouncompound with 苦茶苦茶crumpledくちゃ · nounmodifies だらけだらけfull ofだらけ · suffixauxiliary of 苦茶のofの · particleparticle marking 苦茶婆old婆 · nouncompound with さんさんgrannyさん · nounpredicate of 清だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to さんがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of さんどんなwhat kind ofどんな · pronounmodifies 所所place所 · nounoblique complement of 連れへtoへ · particleparticle marking 所連れtake連れる · verbadverbial clause on 出てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 連れ出out出る · verbadverbial clause on 恥ずかしいたってeven ifたって · particleintroduces the clause of 出恥ずかしいembarrassed恥ずかしい · adjectivemodifies 心持ち心持ちfeeling心持ち · noundirect object of しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 心持ちしfeelする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しA man like Toady just wouldn't do — whether riding in a carriage, a boat, or up the Ryōunkaku tower, I could never keep company with a man like him..
野Toady野 · proper nounmodifies ようだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 野のoneの · pronounparticle marking 野ようkindよう · nounhead of the phraseなisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ようのoneの · pronounsubject of the sentenceはtopicは · particleparticle marking よう馬車carriage馬車 · nounoblique complement of 乗ろうにinに · particleparticle marking 馬車乗ろうride乗る · verbverb of the concessive clause with 馬車がwhetherが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 乗ろう船boat船 · nounoblique complement of 乗ろうにinに · particleparticle marking 船乗ろうride乗る · verbverb of the concessive clause with 船がwhetherが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 乗ろう凌雲Ryōun凌雲 · proper nouncompound with 閣閣tower閣 · nounoblique complement of のろうへtoへ · particleparticle marking 閣のろうclimb登る · verbverb of the concessive clause with 閣Colloquial contraction of 登ろう (volitional of 登る, "climb").
がwhetherが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of のろう到底never到底 · adverbmodifies じゃない寄りbelong寄る · verbclause modifying もの付けbe able to付ける · verbclause modifying ものたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付けものkindもの · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃIf I were vice-principal and Red Shirt were me, no doubt he'd come flattering up to me too, just to mock Red Shirt behind his back.
おれIおれ · pronounsubject of 教頭がsubjectが · particleparticle marking おれ教頭headmaster教頭 · nounpredicate of おれでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 教頭赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツshirtシャツ · nounsubject of だっがsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツおれmeおれ · pronounpredicate of だっだっwereだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of おれたらifた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of おれやっぱりsure enoughやっぱり · adverbmodifies 使っおれmeおれ · pronounoblique complement of つけにtoに · particleparticle marking おれへupへ · particlepart of the phrase にけcomeけ · particlepart of the phrase につけflattering付ける · verbclause modifying 世辞Text is garbled/dialectal here; へけつけ is rendered as a unit approximating "come flattering up (to me)".
おpoliteお · prefixcompound with 世辞世辞flattery世辞 · noundirect object of 使っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 世辞使っuse使う · verbclause modifying 違いてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 使っ赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツRed Shirtシャツ · noundirect object of 冷かすをobjectを · particleparticle marking シャツ冷かすmock冷かす · verboblique complement of 違いにforに · particleparticle marking 冷かす違いdoubt違い · nounoblique complement of ないないnoneない · adjectivehead of the phrasePeople say Edo folk are shallow, and sure enough, when a man like this goes touring the provinces repeating "I'm an Edo boy" over and over, the country folk are bound to conclude that shallowness is the Edo way, and being an Edo boy means being shallow.
江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounsubject of 軽薄はtopicは · particleparticle marking っ子軽薄shallow軽薄 · adjectiveclause modifying ものだareだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 軽薄とthatと · particleparticle marking 軽薄云うsay云う · verbadverbial clause on 軽薄がbutが · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 云うなるほどsure enoughなるほど · adverbclause modifying ものこんなsuch aこんな · pronounmodifies ものものoneもの · nounsubject of しがsubjectが · particleparticle marking もの田舎巡りcountryside tour田舎巡り · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 田舎巡りしdoする · verbadverbial clause on 極まってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し私I私 · pronounsubject of げすはtopicは · particleparticle marking 私江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounpredicate of 私でamだ · particlecopula linking to っ子げすindeedです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to っ子げす is Edo shitamachi dialect for です.
とthatと · particleparticle marking げす繰りrepeat繰る · verbadverbial clause on 極まっ返しagain返す · verbadverbial clause on 極まってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 返しいkeptいる · verbpart of the phrase てたらwhenた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返し軽薄shallowness軽薄 · nounsubject of 極まっはtopicは · particleparticle marking 軽薄江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounpredicate of 軽薄でandだ · particlecopula linking to っ子江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounsubject of 極まっはtopicは · particleparticle marking っ子軽薄shallowness軽薄 · nounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 軽薄事matter事 · nounadverbial clause on 極まっだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事とthatと · particleparticle marking 事田舎者country folk田舎者 · nounsubject of 思うがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 田舎者思うconclude思う · verbadverbial clause on 極まっにtoに · particleparticle marking 思う極まっbound to be極まる · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 極まっWhile I was thinking all this, the two of them suddenly burst into snickering.
こんなsuchこんな · pronounmodifies 事事thing事 · noundirect object of 考えをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事考えthink考える · verbadverbial clause on 出してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えいるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考え何something何 · pronounadverbial clause on くすくすだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 何かsomehowか · particleintroduces the clause of 何二人the two二人 · nounsubject of くすくすがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 二人くすくすsnickeringくすくす · adverbadverbial clause on 出し笑いlaugh笑う · verboblique complement of 出し出しburst into出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しSomething was said between the bursts of laughter, but it came in fits and starts and I couldn't make head or tail of it.
笑い声laughter笑い声 · nounmodifies 間のofの · particleparticle marking 笑い声間midst間 · nounoblique complement of 云うにinに · particleparticle marking 間何some何 · pronounmodifies 云うかthingか · particleparticle marking 何云うsay云う · verbsubject of 得がbutが · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 云う途切れ途切れin fits and starts途切れ途切れ · nouncompound with 云うでandだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 途切れ途切れとんとat allとんと · adverbmodifies 得要領point要領 · noundirect object of 得をobjectを · particleparticle marking 要領得grasp得る · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 得- 9
"Eh? I wonder..." "...quite so... since he doesn't know... it's a shame" "Surely not..." "The grasshoppers... it's true."
えehえ · interjectionexclamationどうhowどう · adverbmodifies だだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of どうかwonderか · particleintroduces the clause of どう全くquite全く · adverbmodifies 知らですsoです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 全く知らknow知る · verbclause modifying 罪ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 知らんseeの · particleintroduces the clause of 知らですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 知ら罪a shame罪 · nounclause modifying 本当ですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 罪ねrightね · particleintroduces the clause of 罪まさかsurely notまさか · adverbexclamationバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · noundirect object of 本当をobjectを · particleparticle marking バッタ本当true本当 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 本当よindeedよ · particleintroduces the clause of 本当 - 10
I paid no attention to the rest of what was said, but the moment I heard Toady's word "grasshoppers" I couldn't help but stiffen.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 傾けはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ外other外 · nounmodifies 言葉のofの · particleparticle marking 外言葉words言葉 · nounoblique complement of 傾けにtoに · particleparticle marking 言葉はtopicは · particleparticle marking 言葉耳ear耳 · noundirect object of 傾けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 耳傾けlend傾ける · verbadverbial clause on 聴い耳を傾ける is idiomatic for "pay close attention".
なかっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 傾けたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 傾けがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 傾けバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounoblique complement of 云うとthatと · particleparticle marking バッタ云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 語野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady)だToady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady)野だ (short for 野だいこ, "flatterer") is the art teacher's nickname, not a noun+copula.
の'sの · particleparticle marking 野だ語word語 · noundirect object of 聴いをobjectを · particleparticle marking 語聴いheard聴く · verbclause modifying 時たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聴い時moment時 · nounsubject of なっはtopicは · particleparticle marking 時思わthink思う · verbadverbial clause on なっずwithoutず · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思わ思わず = "without meaning to, involuntarily".
きっとtenselyきっと · adverbmodifies なっなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっ For some reason Toady put special weight on just that one word, "grasshoppers," making sure it reached my ears clearly, and then deliberately let the rest trail off into a mumble.
野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady), topic and subject of ぼかしだToady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady)はtopicは · particleparticle marking 野だ何what何 · pronounmodifies ためのofの · particleparticle marking 何ためreasonため · nounmodifies 入れかperhapsか · particleparticle marking ためバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounclause modifying 言葉とthatと · particleparticle marking バッタ云うcalled云う · verbclause modifying 言葉言葉word言葉 · nounoblique complement of 入れだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking 言葉ことさらespeciallyことさら · adverbmodifies 力力emphasis力 · noundirect object of 入れをobjectを · particleparticle marking 力入れput入れる · verbadverbial clause on してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入れ明瞭clearly明瞭 · adjectivemodifies いるに-lyに · particleadverbializer for 明瞭おれmyおれ · pronounpossessor of 耳の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ耳ear耳 · nounoblique complement of いるにintoに · particleparticle marking 耳はreach入る · verb (first mora of はいる)part of the verb 入る, with いる耳にはいる here is 入る "enter/reach" written in hiragana, not topic は + いる "to be".
いるreach入る · verb (final mora of はいる)part of the verb 入る, with はようsoよう · noun (formal)forms purpose clause on しにthatに · particleparticle marking ようしmadeする · verbadverbial clause on ぼかしてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しそのthatその · determinerdeterminer of あとあとrestあと · noundirect object of ぼかしをobjectを · particleparticle marking あとわざとdeliberatelyわざと · adverbmodifies ぼかしぼかしblurredぼかす · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ぼかししまっended upしまう · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぼかしI stayed still and went on listening all the same.
おれIおれ · nounsubject of 動かはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ動かmove動く · verbadverbial clause on 聞いないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 動かでwithoutで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 動かやはりstillやはり · adverbmodifies 聞い聞いlistened聞く · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞いいwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞い- 11
"That Hotta fellow again..." "Could well be..." "Tempura... ha ha ha ha ha" "...stirred them up..." "The dumplings too?"
またagainまた · adverbmodifies the fragment about 堀田例usual例 · nounmodifies 堀田のofの · particleparticle marking 例堀田Hotta堀田 · proper nounsubject of the omitted verb (trails off)がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 堀田そうsoそう · adverbpart of the phrase かも知れないかmaybeか · particlepart of the phrase かも知れないもevenも · particlepart of the phrase かも知れない知れknow知れる · verbpart of the phrase かも知れないないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase かも知れない天麩羅tempura天麩羅 · nounexclamation (own fragment)ハハハハハha ha haハハハハハ · interjectionexclamation, laughter (own fragment)煽動incite煽動 · nouncombines with し to form 煽動するしdidする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 煽動てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 煽動団子dumplings団子 · nounsubject of the omitted verb (own fragment)もtooも · particleparticle marking 団子 - 12
The words came in such scattered fragments, but going by "grasshoppers," "tempura," and "dumplings," there was no doubt they were whispering about me behind my back.
言葉words言葉 · nounsubject of 途切れ途切れはtopicは · particleparticle marking 言葉かようsuchかよう · adjectiveadverbial clause on 途切れ途切れに-lyに · particleadverbializer for かよう途切れ途切れfragmentary途切れ途切れ · nounpredicate over 言葉, adverbial clause on ないでisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 途切れ途切れあるisある · verbpart of the phrase でけれどthoughけれど · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 途切れ途切れもbutも · particleparticle marking 途切れ途切れバッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounitem in the だの list, with 天麩羅 and 団子だlikeだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to バッタのandの · particleparticle marking バッタ天麩羅tempura天麩羅 · nounitem in the だの list, with バッタ and 団子だlikeだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 天麩羅のandの · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 天麩羅団子dumplings団子 · nounitem in the だの list, clause modifying ところだlikeだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 団子のandの · subordinating conjunctionparticle marking 団子とthatと · particleparticle marking 団子いうcalledいう · verbpart of the phrase とところthingsところ · noundirect object of 推しをobjectを · particleparticle marking ところもっbasedもつ · verbpart of the phrase をてonて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase を推しinfer推す · verbadverbial clause on ない測っguess測る · verbadverbial clause on 推してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 測っみるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 推し何anything何 · pronounpart of the phrase 何でもでatだ · particlepart of the phrase 何でももallも · particlepart of the phrase 何でもおれmyおれ · pronounpossessor of ことの'sの · particleparticle marking おれことmatterこと · nounoblique complement of ないにaboutに · particleparticle marking ことついconcerningつく · verbpart of the phrase にてandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase に内所secret内所 · nounmodifies 話し話しtalk話し · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 話ししhavingする · verbadverbial clause on ないてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるwereいる · verbpart of the phrase てにsurelyに · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し相違doubt相違 · nouncompound with ないないat allない · adjectivehead of the phrase If they were going to talk, they might as well speak up; and if they were only going to whisper, they shouldn't have invited me along in the first place.
話すspeak話す · verbadverbial clause on 話すならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 話すもっとmoreもっと · adverbmodifies 大きな大きなloud大きな · adjectivemodifies 声声voice声 · nounoblique complement of 話すでwithで · particleparticle marking 声話すspeak話す · verbadverbial clause on いいがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話すいいfineいい · adjectiveadverbial clause on するまたalsoまた · adverbmodifies する内所secret内所 · nouncompound with 話話talk話 · noundirect object of するをobjectを · particleparticle marking 話するdoする · verbadverbial clause on 誘わくらいjustくらい · particleintroduces the clause of するならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of するおれmeおれ · pronoundirect object of 誘わなんかat allなんか · particleparticle marking おれ誘わinvite誘う · verbmain verb of the sentenceなけれnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 誘わばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 誘わいいfineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ばWhat a disagreeable pair.
いけthoroughlyいけ · adverbmodifies 好か好かlike好く · verbclause modifying 連中ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 好か連中bunch連中 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 連中Grasshoppers or straw sandals, whichever it was, the fault isn't mine.
バッタgrasshoppersバッタ · nounadverbial clause on 雪踏だろうwhetherだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to バッタがorが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of バッタ雪踏sandals雪踏 · nounadverbial clause on あるだろうwhetherだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 雪踏がorが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 雪踏非fault非 · nounsubject of あるはtopicは · particleparticle marking 非おれmeおれ · nounoblique complement of あるにinに · particleparticle marking おれあるliesある · verbclause modifying 事事thing事 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃThe principal told me to leave it in his hands for now, and out of deference to the Badger's face I've simply been holding back.
校長principal校長 · nounsubject of 云っがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 校長ひとまずfor nowひとまず · adverbmodifies あずけろあずけろleave itあずける · verboblique complement of 云っとthatと · particleparticle marking あずけろ云っsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 控えたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っ狸Badger狸 · proper nounmodifies 顔狸 ("badger/raccoon dog") is Botchan's nickname for the principal.
の'sの · particleparticle marking 狸顔face顔 · nounoblique complement of めんじにtoに · particleparticle marking 顔めんじdeferenceめんずる · verbclause modifying ただ今てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of めんじただ今nowただ今 · nounmodifies ところの'sの · particleparticle marking ただ今ところtimeところ · nounsubject of 控えはtopicは · particleparticle marking ところ控えhold back控える · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 控えいるamいる · verbpart of the phrase てんyou seeん · particleexplanatory particle on 控えだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んAnd here's Toady, of all people, tossing out uncalled-for criticism.
野Toady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady)だToady野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だ (Toady)の'sの · particleparticle marking 野だ癖mere status癖 · nounoblique complement of 入らにdespiteに · particleparticle marking 癖入らneeded入る · verbclause modifying 批評ぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入ら批評criticism批評 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 批評しmakesする · verbmain verb of the sentenceやがるthe nerveやがる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し, contemptuous nuanceHe'd do better to chew on his writing brush and keep quiet.
毛筆writing brush毛筆 · nounoblique complement of しゃぶっでwithで · particleinstrumental particle marking 毛筆もevenも · particleparticle marking 毛筆しゃぶっchew onしゃぶる · verbadverbial clause on 引ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しゃぶっ引っwithdraw引く · verbadverbial clause on いい引っ込む = 'withdraw, hole up, keep out of the way' — the two halves split across w6-w7.
込んinto込む · verbadverbial clause on いいでるisいる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 込んがthoughが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込ん~ているがいい here is an admonishing idiom: 'he'd do best to just ...'.
いいbetterいい · adjectivehead of the phraseSooner or later I'll settle the whole business myself, so there's no real trouble there, but that phrase about "that Hotta fellow again" and "stirred them up" nags at me.
おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 事の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking おれ事business事 · nountopicalized object of 片付けはtopic markerは · particletopic particle marking 事遅かれlate遅し · adjectivepart of the idiom with 早かれ遅かれ早かれ is a fixed idiom, 'sooner or later'.
早かれsoon早し · adjectiveadverbial idiom modifying 片付けおれIおれ · pronouncompound with 一人一人alone一人 · nounoblique complement of 片付けでbyで · particleparticle marking 一人片付けsettle片付ける · verbadverbial clause on みせるてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 片付けみせるshowみせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 片付けからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of みせる差支えtrouble差支え · nounsubject of ないはtopic markerは · particletopic particle marking 差支えないisn'tない · adjectivepredicate of 差支えはない, coordinated via が with the main clauseがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncoordinates the clausesまたagainまた · conjunctionlinks the coordination例that familiar例 · nounmodifies 堀田例の = 'that (well-known, aforementioned) ...'.
の'sの · particleparticle marking 例堀田Hotta堀田 · proper nounsubject of 煽動がsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 堀田とquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking 堀田がかorか · particleapproximation particle after と煽動stirred up煽動 · verbclause modifying 文句しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 煽動てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 煽動とquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking 煽動してかorか · particleapproximation particle after と云うthat says云う · verbclause modifying 文句文句phrase文句 · nounsubject of かかるがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 文句気mind気 · nounoblique complement of かかるにonに · particleparticle marking 気かかるnagsかかる · verbmain verb of the sentenceI couldn't tell whether it meant Hotta had stirred me up to make the trouble bigger, or that Hotta had stirred up the students to bully me.
堀田Hotta堀田 · proper nounsubject of 煽動がsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 堀田おれmeおれ · pronoundirect object of 煽動をobject markerを · particleobject particle marking おれ煽動stir up煽動 · verbadverbial clause on ししdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 煽動てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 煽動騒動trouble騒動 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleobject particle marking 騒動大きくbigger大きい · adjectiveadverbial clause on ししmadeする · verbclause modifying 意味たpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しとquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking し云うmeans云う · verbpart of the phrase と意味meaning意味 · nounadverbial clause on わからなisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 意味のnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 意味かquestion markerか · particleintroduces the clause of 意味あるいはorあるいは · conjunctionlinks the coordination堀田Hotta堀田 · proper nounsubject of 煽動がsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 堀田生徒students生徒 · noundirect object of 煽動をobject markerを · particleobject particle marking 生徒煽動stirred up煽動 · verbadverbial clause on いじめしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 煽動てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 煽動おれmeおれ · pronoundirect object of いじめをobject markerを · particleobject particle marking おれいじめbulliedいじめる · verbadverbial clause on わからたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いじめとquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking いじめ云うthat says云う · verbclause modifying ののnominalizerの · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うかquestion markerか · particleintroduces the clause of いじめ方角clue方角 · nounsubject of わからがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 方角わからtellわかる · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of わからAs I looked up at the blue sky, the sunlight gradually weakened and a slightly chilly wind began to blow.
青空blue sky青空 · noundirect object of 見をobject markerを · particleobject particle marking 青空見looked見る · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見いるwasいる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見日sun日 · nounmodifies 光の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking 日光light光 · nounsubject of 弱っがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 光だんだんgraduallyだんだん · adverbmodifies 弱っ弱っweakened弱る · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 弱っ来came来る · verbadverbial clause on するてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 来少しa little少し · adverbmodifies するはtopic markerは · particletopic particle marking 少しひやりchillyひやり · adverbadverbial clause on するとquote markerと · particleparticle marking ひやりするfeelsする · verbclause modifying 風風wind風 · nounsubject of 吹き出しがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 風吹きblow吹く · verbadverbial clause on 出し出しbegan出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しClouds like incense smoke drifted quietly along above the clear depths, and before I knew it they had flowed down into those depths and settled into a thin haze.
線香incense線香 · nounmodifies 烟の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking 線香烟smoke烟 · nounmodifies ようの'sの · particlepossessive particle marking 烟ようlikeよう · nounclause modifying 雲なattributive markerだ · auxiliary verbattributive copula linking to よう雲clouds雲 · nounsubject of 行っがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 雲透きclear透く · verbcompound with 徹る徹るthrough徹る · verbmodifies 底底depths底 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking 底上above上 · nounpath complement of 伸しをpath markerを · particlepath particle marking 上静かquiet静か · adjectiveadverbial clause on 伸しにadverb markerだ · auxiliary verbadverbializer on 静か伸しdrifted伸す · verbadverbial clause on 行ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 伸し行っwent行く · verbclausal complement of 思ったpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行っとquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking 行っ思っthought思う · verbadverbial clause on なったらwhenたら · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思っいつwhenいつ · pronounoblique complement of 流れいつしか = 'before one knows it, unnoticed'.
しemphasis markerし · particleparticle marking いつかindefinite markerか · particleparticle marking いつ底depths底 · nounmodifies 奥の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking 底奥inner depths奥 · nounoblique complement of 流れにintoに · particleparticle marking 奥流れflowed流れる · verbadverbial clause on 掛け込んin込む · verbadverbial clause on 掛けでandで · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込んうすくthinlyうすい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 掛けもやhazeもや · noundirect object of 掛けをobject markerを · particleobject particle marking もや掛けsettled掛ける · verbadverbial clause on なったpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けようas ifよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けにtoだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっ- 13
"Shall we head back?" Red Shirt said, as if just remembering, and Toady said, "Yes, just about time."
もうnowもう · adverbmodifies 帰ろう帰ろうgo back帰る · verbadverbial clause on 云うかquestion markerか · particleintroduces the clause of 帰ろうとquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking 帰ろう赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 云うがsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking シャツ思いthought思う · verbadverbial clause on 云う出しrecalled出す · verbadverbial clause on 云うたpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しようas ifよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しにadverb markerだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し云うsaid云う · verbpredicate of the と-clauseとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うええyesええ · interjectionclause modifying 時分ちょうどjustちょうど · adverbmodifies 時分時分time時分 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 時分ねrightね · particleintroduces the clause of 時分 "Will you be seeing your Madonna tonight?" Toady said.
今夜tonight今夜 · nountopic of 逢いはtopic markerは · particletopic particle marking 今夜マドンナMadonnaマドンナ · proper nounmodifies 君の'sの · particlepossessive particle marking マドンナ君lady君 · nounoblique complement of 逢い君 here is the classical honorific noun suffix ('milady') attached to Madonna's nickname, not the second-person pronoun 'you'.
にwithに · particleparticle marking 君お(honorific)お · nouncompound with 逢い逢いsee逢う · verbmain verb of the embedded clauseですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢いかquestion markerか · particleintroduces the clause of 逢いとquote markerと · particlequotation particle marking 逢い野Toady野だ · proper nounsubject of 云う野だ (short for 野だいこ) is the character's nickname; split as 野+だ across w12-w13.
だ(name)野だ · proper nouncompound with 野がsubject markerが · particlesubject particle marking 野だ云うsaid云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceRed Shirt said, "Don't talk nonsense, people will get the wrong idea," and straightened up a little from where he'd been leaning against the gunwale.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 云っはtopic markerは · particletopic particle marking シャツ馬鹿nonsense馬鹿 · nouncompound with ああobject markerを · particleobject particle marking 馬鹿 (colloquial for を)あ is a colloquial contraction of を, common in Meiji-era spoken Japanese.
云っtalk云う · verbadverbial clause on なるちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っいけallowedいける · verbpart of the phrase ちゃないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ間違いmisunderstanding間違い · nounoblique complement of なるにintoに · particleparticle marking 間違いなるwill beなる · verbadverbial clause on 起きとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なる船縁gunwale船縁 · nounoblique complement of 倚にagainstに · particleparticle marking 船縁身body身 · noundirect object of 倚をobject markerを · particleobject particle marking 身倚leaned倚る · verbclause modifying 奴たしmadeたす · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 倚たpast tenseた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 倚奴fellow奴 · nounsource complement of 起き直るをfromを · particleparticle marking 奴少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 起き起きsat up起きる · verbadverbial clause on 直る直るstraight直る · verbmain verb of the sentence"Eh heh heh heh, it's quite all right."
エヘヘヘヘeh heh hehエヘヘヘヘ · interjectioncompound with 大丈夫大丈夫fine大丈夫 · adjectivehead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 大丈夫よemphasis markerよ · particleintroduces the clause of 大丈夫As Toady turned back saying, "Even if he hears..." I fixed him with a stare like a pair of saucers, straight at the top of his head.
聞いheard聞く · verbpredicate of the quoted concessive clause with たってたってeven ifたって · particleconcessive marker on 聞い ('even if')とsayingと · particlequote marker, complement of 振り返っ野Toady野だ · proper nounsubject of 振り返っ野だ (short for the nickname 野だいこ) is glossed as 'Toady' per the translation.
だ(name)野だ · auxiliary verbfrozen part of the name 野だがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker on 野だ振りturned振る · verbclause modifying 時 (part of 振り返っ)返っback返る · verbclause modifying 時 (part of 振り返っ)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 返っ時when時 · nountemporal head, oblique complement of 浴びせ掛けおれIおれ · nounsubject of 掛けはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on おれ皿saucer皿 · nounmodifies ようのofの · particlelinks 皿 to ようようresemblingよう · nounclause modifying 眼な(-like)だ · auxiliary verbattributive copula linking よう to 眼眼eyes眼 · noundirect object of 掛けをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 眼野Toady野だ · proper nounmodifies 頭 (possessive, via の)だ(name)野だ · auxiliary verbfrozen part of the name 野だの'sの · particlepossessive marker linking 野だ to 頭頭head頭 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particlepossessive marker linking 頭 to 上上top上 · nounoblique complement of 浴びせ掛けへtowardへ · particledirection marker on 上まともsquarelyまとも · adjectiveadverbial clause on 浴びせに(adverb marker)に · particleadverbializer on まとも浴びせdirected浴びせる · verbadverbial clause on 掛け (part of 浴びせ掛ける)掛けfixed掛ける · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 掛けやっdidやる · verbbenefactive/emphatic auxiliary on 掛けた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掛けToady flinched as though dazzled, tumbling back, saying, "Ah, I surrender," and shrank his neck down, scratching his head.
野Toady野だ · proper nounsubject of 引っ繰り返っだ(name)野だ · auxiliary verbfrozen part of the name 野だはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on 野だまdazzled眩しい · adjective stempart of まぼし (dialectal 眩しい), modifies 引っ繰り返っまぼし is a colloquial Meiji-era pronunciation of 眩しい (mabushii), 'dazzled'.
ぼし(cont'd)眩しい · adjective stempart of まぼし (dialectal 眩しい), modifies 引っ繰り返っそうseemingそう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ぼし ('seeming')に(adverb marker)に · particleadverbializer on そう引っ繰り返っtumbled back引っ繰り返る · verbadverbial clause on 縮めて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 引っ繰り返っやahや · interjectionexclamation introducing the quoted lineこいつIこいつ · nounsubject of 降参こいつ used self-referentially here, colloquial for 'I'.
はtopic markerは · particletopic marker on こいつ降参surrender降参 · nounpredicate of the quoted clause, linked via と to 縮めだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 降参とsayingと · particlequote marker, complement of 縮め首neck首 · noundirect object of 縮めをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 首縮めshrank縮める · verbadverbial clause on 掻いて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 縮め頭head頭 · noundirect object of 掻いをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 頭掻いscratched掻く · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 掻いWhat an impudent little man.
何what何 · pronounmodifies 猪口才とthatと · particleparticle marking 何, complement of いういうcallいう · verbpart of the phrase と ('what you'd call')猪口才impudent one猪口才 · nounhead of the phraseだろうmust beだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 猪口才- 14
The boat rowed quietly back to shore over the calm sea.
船boat船 · nounsubject of 漕ぎはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on 船静かcalm静か · adjectiveclause modifying 海な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbattributive auxiliary of 静か海sea海 · nounpath complement of 漕ぎをoverを · particlepath marker on 海岸shore岸 · nounoblique complement of 漕ぎへtowardへ · particledirection marker on 岸漕ぎrowing漕ぐ · verbadverbial clause on 戻る戻るreturns戻る · verbmain verb of the sentence Red Shirt asked whether I didn't much care for fishing, and I answered that I'd rather lie back and look at the sky, and I flicked the half-smoked cigarette I'd lit into the sea, where it hissed and floated along, bobbing on the waves the oar's blade stirred up.
君your君 · pronounmodifies 釣釣fishing釣 · nounsubject of 見えはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on 釣あまりnot muchあまり · adverbmodifies 好き好きfond好き · adjectivepredicate, complement of 見えでisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 好きないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase でとthatと · particleparticle marking 好き, complement of 見え見えseems見える · verbadverbial clause on 聞くます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 見えねright?ね · particlesentence-final tag on 見えとthatと · particlequote marker, complement of 聞く赤red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツshirtシャツ · nounsubject of 聞く赤シャツ ('Red Shirt') is a character's nickname.
がsubject markerが · particlesubject marker on シャツ聞くasks聞く · verbreason clause (via から) for 答えからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞くええyesええ · interjectionintroduces the quoted answer寝lying down寝る · verbadverbial clause on 見るて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝い(continuing)いる · verbpart of the phrase て (progressive)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 寝空sky空 · noundirect object of 見るをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 空見るlooking at見る · verbclause modifying 方方way方 · nounsubject of いいがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker on 方いいbetterいい · adjectiveclausal complement of 答えです(polite)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いいとthatと · particlequote marker, complement of 答え答えanswered答える · verbcoordinate clause, linked via て to 込んて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 答え吸いsmoked吸う · verbclause modifying 烟草かけpartwayかける · verbclause modifying 烟草 ('partway through')た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かけ巻rolled巻 · nouncompound with 烟草烟草cigarette烟草 · noundirect object of 込んをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 烟草海sea海 · nounmodifies 中の'sの · particlepossessive marker linking 海 to 中中inside中 · nounoblique complement of 込んへintoへ · particledirection marker on 中たたきflickedたたく · verbadverbial clause on 込ん (part of たたき込む)込んflung in込む · verbmain verb of the clause, conditional via だらだらwhenたら · particleconditional marker on 込んジュsizzleジュ · nounmodifies 音と(sound)と · particleparticle marking ジュ (onomatopoeia)音sound音 · nounsubject of しがsubject markerが · particlesubject marker on 音しsoundedする · verbcoordinate clause (音がして), linked via て to 揺られて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し艪oar艪 · nounmodifies 足の'sの · particlepossessive marker linking 艪 to 足足blade足 · nouninstrument complement of 掻き分けでwithで · particleinstrument marker on 足掻きstirring掻く · verbclause modifying 浪 (part of 掻き分ける)分けparting分ける · verbclause modifying 浪 (relative clause, waves parted by the oar)られ(passive)られる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分け (passive)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分け浪waves浪 · nounmodifies 上の'sの · particlepossessive marker linking 浪 to 上上surface上 · nounpath complement of 揺られをoverを · particlepath marker on 上揺られbobbing揺られる · verbmain verb of the sentenceながらwhileながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 揺られ漾floated漾う · verbcoordinate with 揺られ, main predicate of the final clauseって(and)て · subordinating conjunctionte-form connector on 漾いっwent along行く · verbaspectual auxiliary of 漾, indicates continuing motion awayた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いっ"The students are all very pleased that you've come, so do give it your best," he said, bringing up something that had nothing at all to do with fishing.
君you君 · pronounsubject of 来がsubject markerが · particlesubject marker on 君来came来る · verbreason clause (via んで) for 喜んた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来ん(that)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes the 来た clauseでbecauseだ · auxiliary verbreason marker, part of んで生徒students生徒 · nounsubject of 喜んもalsoも · particlealso marker on 生徒大いにgreatly大いに · adverbmodifies 喜ん喜んare pleased喜ぶ · verbreason clause (via から) for やっ...くれたまえで(and)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 喜んいる(state)いる · verbpart of the phrase で (progressive)からsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 喜ん奮発make an effort奮発 · verbadverbial clause on やっしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奮発て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 奮発やっdoやる · verbmain verb of the imperative, with くれたまえて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やっくれfor usくれる · verbbenefactive auxiliary, part of てた(imperative)たまえ · auxiliary verbpart of the imperative くれたまえまえpleaseたまえ · auxiliary verbcompletes the imperative くれたまえとthatと · particlequote marker, complement of 云い出し今度this time今度 · nountemporal adverbial, modifies 云い出しはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on 今度釣fishing釣 · nounoblique complement of ないにregardingに · particlereference marker on 釣はtopic markerは · particlecontrastive topic marker on 釣にまるでat allまるで · adverbmodifies ない縁故connection縁故 · nounsubject of ないもevenも · particleeven marker on 縁故ないhaving noない · adjectiveclause modifying 事事matter事 · noundirect object of 云い出しをobject markerを · particleobject marker on 事云いsaid云う · verbadverbial clause on 出し (part of 云い出す)出しbrought up出す · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出し"I doubt they're all that pleased." "No, it's not flattery. They're genuinely pleased, aren't they, Yoshikawa?" "Pleased is putting it mildly. There's quite a stir," Toady said, grinning.
あんまりnot that muchあんまり · adverbmodifies 喜ん喜んpleased喜ぶ · verbmain predicate of the quoted clause (with でもいない)で(and)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 喜んもevenも · particleeven marker on 喜んい(state)いる · verbprogressive auxiliary with 喜んないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of い (negation)でしょうprobablyです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of い (tentative)いえnoいえ · interjectionintroduces the next quoted clauseお(honorific)お · prefixhonorific prefix on 世辞世辞flattery世辞 · nounhead of the phraseじゃisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 世辞ないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃ全くgenuinely全く · adverbmodifies 喜ん喜んare pleased喜ぶ · verbmain predicate of the quoted clauseで(and)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 喜んいる(state)いる · verbpart of the phrase で (progressive)ん(emphatic)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizer, emphatic んですです(polite)です · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んねright?ね · particletag question marker吉川Yoshikawa吉川 · proper nouncompound with 君君(Mr.)君 · suffixvocative, addressing 吉川喜んbeing pleased喜ぶ · verbmain predicate of the quoted clause (喜んでるどころじゃない)でる(state)いる · auxiliary verbprogressive auxiliary of 喜ん (colloquial でいる)どころfar fromどころ · particleintroduces the clause of 喜ん ('far from')じゃisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase どころないnotない · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase じゃ大騒ぎan uproar大騒ぎ · nounpredicate of the quoted clauseです(polite)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 大騒ぎとthatと · particlequote marker, complement of 笑っ野Toady野だ · proper nounsubject of 笑っだ(name)野だ · auxiliary verbfrozen part of the name 野だはtopic markerは · particletopic marker on 野だにやにやgrinningにやにや · adverbmodifies 笑っと(manner)と · particlemanner marker on にやにや笑っlaughed笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っIt was strange how every single thing this fellow said got on my nerves.
こいつthis guyこいつ · nounsubject of 言う (marked by の)の(subject)の · particlesubject marker (=が) in the clause modifying 事の can substitute for が to mark the subject inside a clause that modifies a following noun.
云うsays言う · verbclause modifying 事事the thing事 · nounsubject of 障るは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 事 (topic)一々every time一々 · nounmodifies 障る癪nerves癪 · nounoblique complement of 障る (idiom 癪に障る)癪に障る is a set idiom meaning 'to get on one's nerves.'
にonに · particleparticle marking 癪障るgrates障る · verbpredicate with 事 as subject, reason clause via からからsoから · particleintroduces the reason clause modifying 妙妙strange妙 · adjectivehead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 妙"Still, you'll want to be careful, it could get dangerous," Red Shirt said, and I answered, "Dangerous either way — if it comes to that, I'm prepared for danger."
しかしstillしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordination君you君 · nounsubject of 注意注意watch out注意 · verbadverbial clause on 険呑 (conditional via と)しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 注意ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 注意とifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 注意険呑dangerous険呑 · nounpredicate, complement of ですですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 険呑よyou knowよ · particleemphasis particle on 険呑ですとthatと · particlemarks quoted speech before 云う赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · nounsubject of 云うが(subject)が · particleparticle marking シャツ云うsays言う · verbpredicate of the quoted clause (subject 赤シャツ)からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces reason clause modifying やっどうせanywayどうせ · adverbmodifies 険呑険呑dangerous険呑 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 険呑こうthis wayこう · adverbmodifies なりゃなりゃif it comesなる · verbconditional clause modifying 覚悟険呑danger険呑 · nounsubject of 覚悟は(topic)は · particleparticle marking 険呑覚悟prepared覚悟 · nounpredicate, complement of ですですamです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 覚悟とthatと · particlemarks quoted speech before 云っ云っsaid言う · verbadverbial clause on やってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っやっtold himやる · verbmain verb of the sentenceやる adds a benefactive/defiant nuance here: 'told him,' 'gave it to him.'
たdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やっIn truth I had it in mind to either get myself dismissed or make every last boarding student apologize, one or the other.
実際in truth実際 · adverbmodifies 了見おれIおれ · nounsubject of 了見は(topic)は · particleparticle marking おれ免職dismissal免職 · nounoblique complement of なるにtoに · particleparticle marking 免職なるbecomeなる · verbdisjunctive clause modifying 了見かorか · particleintroduces the clause of なる寄宿boarding寄宿 · nouncompound with 生生students生 · noundirect object of あやまらを(object)を · particleparticle marking 生ことごとくallことごとく · adverbmodifies あやまらあやまらapologizeあやまる · verbdisjunctive clause modifying 了見せるmakeせる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あやまらかorか · particleintroduces the clause of あやまらどっちwhichどっち · nounmodifies つかeitherか · particleparticle marking どっち一one一 · numeralquantifies つつoptionつ · nounoblique complement of するにasに · particleparticle marking つするdecideする · verbclause modifying 了見了見intention了見 · nounpredicate, head of clause with いたでwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 了見いin that stateいる · verbauxiliary with で, forms でいたたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 了見"Put that way, there's no taking hold of it anywhere — but really, as vice-principal, I say this for your own good, don't take it the wrong way." "The headmaster genuinely has your interests at heart. For my part too, though I can't do much, being a fellow Edo man myself, I hope you'll stay on as long as possible, and we can help each other along — I've even been quietly doing what I can behind the scenes," Toady said, putting on his best show of humanity.
そうthat wayそう · adverbmodifies 云っ云っput it言う · verbclause modifying ちゃちゃifては · particleconditional marker on 云っ, negated by ないちゃ is a colloquial contraction of ては.
取りgrip取る · verbpart of compound predicate 取りつきどころ, negated by ないつきhold ofつく · verbpart of compound predicate 取りつきどころ, negated by ないどころplaceどころ · nounforms compound with つき, meaning 'a place to catch hold'もevenも · particleparticle marking つきないthere isn'tない · adjectivenegates the predicate 取りつきどころがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the contrastive clause after ない実actually実 · nounadverbial (実は), modifies 云うは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 実 (forms 実は)僕I僕 · pronounsubject of 思うもtooも · particleparticle marking 僕教頭headmaster教頭 · nounoblique complement of 思う (as headmaster)とasと · particleparticle marking 教頭 (forms として)しdoする · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase と (として)てandて · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase と (として)君your君 · pronounmodifies ための'sの · particleparticle marking 君ためsakeため · noundirect object of 思うを(object)を · particleparticle marking ため思うthink of思う · verbadverbial clause on 云うからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause of 思う云うsay言う · verbmain verb of the clause, with んだんyou seeの · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer on 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん (んだ)がbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the contrastive clause of 云うわるくbadlyわるい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 困る取っtake it取る · verbadverbial clause on 困るちゃifては · particleconditional marker on 取っ, links to 困るちゃ is a colloquial contraction of ては.
困るthat's a problem困る · verbmain verb of the quoted clause教頭headmaster教頭 · nounsubject of 持っは(topic)は · particleparticle marking 教頭全くgenuinely全く · adverbmodifies 持っ君you君 · nounoblique complement of 持っにtowardに · particleparticle marking 君好意goodwill好意 · noundirect object of 持っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 好意持っhas持つ · verbmain verb of the sentenceてるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 持っんyou seeの · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer on 持っですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んよyou knowよ · particleemphasis particle on 持っている僕I僕 · pronounsubject of 及ばもtooも · particleparticle marking 僕及ばmeasure up及ぶ · verbconcessive adverbial clause, modifies 思っずnotず · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 及ばながらthoughながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 及ば同じsame同じ · adjectivemodifies っ子江戸Edo江戸 · proper nouncompound with っ子っ子nativeっ子 · nounpredicate noun; reason clause (via から) modifies 願っだamだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to っ子からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of っ子なるべくas much as possibleなるべく · adverbmodifies 長く長くlong長い · adjectiveadverbial clause on 願っごyourご · nouncompound with 在校在校staying enrolled在校 · noundirect object of 願っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 在校願っhope願う · verbte-form clause, coordinate with 思ってandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 願っおeachお · nouncompound with 互互other互 · nounoblique complement of なろうにtoに · particleparticle marking 互力help力 · nounoblique complement of なろうにintoに · particleparticle marking 力なろうlet's becomeなる · verbclausal complement of 思っとthatと · particleparticle marking なろう思っthink思う · verbadverbial clause on 尽力てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っこれthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 尽力でwithで · particleparticle marking これもevenも · particleparticle marking これ蔭in the shadows蔭 · nounadverbial idiom (蔭ながら) modifying 尽力ながらthoughながら · particleparticle marking 蔭 (forms 蔭ながら)尽力make an effort尽力 · verbmain verb of the quoted clauseしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 尽力てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 尽力いるamいる · verbpart of the phrase て (ている)んyou seeの · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer on 尽力ですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んよyou knowよ · particleemphasis particle on 尽力しているとthatと · particlemarks end of quoted speech, precedes 野野Toady野 · nounsubject of 云っだwasだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 野がthoughが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause of 野人間human人間 · nouncompound with 並並level並 · nounmodifies 事のofの · particleparticle marking 並事thing事 · noundirect object of 云っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 事云っsaid言う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っI'd rather hang myself than be beholden to the likes of Toady.
野Toady野 · nounmodifies 世話 (via だの)だthe likesだ · auxiliary verbpart of だの (exemplifying particle) on 野のofの · particlepart of だの, marks 野おkindお · nouncompound with 世話世話care世話 · nounoblique complement of なるにtoに · particleparticle marking 世話なるbecomeなる · verbclause modifying 縊っ (comparison via くらいなら)くらいrather thanくらい · particleintroduces the clause of なるならifだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なる (conditional)首neck首 · noundirect object of 縊っを(object)を · particleparticle marking 首縊っhang縊る · verbadverbial clause on 死んてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 縊っ死んdie死ぬ · verbmain verb, completive じまわ, marked by あじまわend upしまう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 死ん (completive)あfor sureあ · particlesentence-final assertive particle on 死んじまわ- 15
"So you see, the students are quite delighted you've come, but there are various circumstances involved. You may well have cause to be angry, but bear with it here, be patient, won't you. I'll never do anything against your interests."
それsoそれ · pronounpart of the phrase それで ('so')でthenで · particlepart of the phrase それで ('so')ねyou knowね · particlesentence-final particle expressing rapport生徒students生徒 · nounsubject of 歓迎は(topic)は · particletopic particle marking 生徒君you君 · pronounsubject of 来 (in the nominalized clause 君の来た)の(subject)の · particlesubject-marking particle on 君 (like が, in an attributive clause)来came来る · verbverb of the nominalized clause 君の来たの (object of 歓迎)た(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来のthe factの · nominalizernominalizes the clause 君の来たを(object)を · particlemarks the nominalized clause as object of 歓迎大変greatly大変 · adverbmodifies 歓迎歓迎welcome歓迎 · nounverb of the clause, contrasted with あっ via んだがし(does)する · auxiliary verbauxiliary する, with いる forms the progressive 歓迎しているて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionconnects し to いる (te-form)いるisいる · verbprogressive auxiliary of 歓迎しん(you see)の · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer (んだ)だ(is)だ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction, introduces そこには...そこthereそこ · pronounoblique complement of あっに(in)に · particleparticle marking そこは(topic)は · particletopic particle marking そこにいろいろvariousいろいろ · adjectivemodifies 事情な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いろいろ事情circumstances事情 · nounsubject of あっが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 事情あっareある · verbmain verb of the clauseてandて · subordinating conjunctionconnects to the next clauseねyou knowね · particlesentence-final particle expressing rapport君you君 · pronounsubject of あるもalsoも · particleparticle marking 君腹temper腹 · nounsubject of 立つの(subject)の · particlesubject-marking particle on 腹 (like が, in an attributive clause)立つflares立つ · verbattributive clause modifying 事腹が立つ, literally 'the belly rises', is the idiom for 'getting angry'.
事things事 · nounsubject of あるもalsoも · particleparticle marking 事あるareある · verbmain verb of the clauseだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of あるがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction, introduces ここが我慢だと思ってここhereここ · pronounsubject of the copula 我慢だが(subject)が · particleparticle marking ここ我慢patience我慢 · nounpredicate noun of だ, complement of 思っ via とだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 我慢と(quote)と · particlequotative particle marking ここが我慢だ思っthink思う · verbverb of the clause, connects via て to 辛防してandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 思っ辛patience辛抱 · nounfirst element of the compound 辛抱, with 防辛防 here is a Meiji-era variant spelling of 辛抱 ('patience, forbearance').
防(patience)辛抱 · nounsecond element of 辛抱; combines with し to form 辛抱する ('to endure')しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary する of 辛抱てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 辛抱しくれfor meくれる · verbbenefactive auxiliary, forms くれたまえ with た and まえた(please)た · auxiliary verbpart of the classical imperative くれたまえまえpleaseまえ · nounhead of the classical imperative くれたまえ ('please do')くれたまえ is an old-fashioned polite imperative, 'please do (this) for me'.
決してnever決して · adverbmodifies し (with the later negative ない)君your君 · nounmodifies ための'sの · particleparticle marking 君ためsakeため · nounoblique complement of なら (via に)にforに · particleparticle marking ためならbecomeなる · verbattributive clause modifying 事 (ためにならない, 'not be of benefit')ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ならようsuchよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ならな(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なら事things事 · noundirect object of しは(topic)は · particletopic particle marking 事しdoする · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し - 16
"What sort of various circumstances, exactly?"
いろいろvariousいろいろ · nounmodifies 事情 (via の)の(attributive)の · particleparticle marking いろいろ事情circumstances事情 · nounpredicate noun, complement of たたisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事情た here stands in for the copula だ, a colloquial/printing variant.
どんなwhat kind ofどんな · pronounmodifies 事情事情circumstances事情 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事情 - 17
"That's rather complicated, but it'll gradually become clear. It'll come to you naturally, even without my telling you, won't it, Yoshikawa?"
それthatそれ · pronounsubject of 込みが(subject)が · particleparticle marking それ少しa little少し · adverbmodifies 込み込みtangled込む · verbfirst element of the compound verb 込み入る, with 入っ入っcomplicated入る · verbsecond element of 込み入る (main verb of the clause)てるisてる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 入っん(you see)の · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer (んだ)だ(is)だ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction, introduces まあだんだん分りますよまあwellまあ · adverbmodifies 分りだんだんgraduallyだんだん · adverbmodifies 分り分りbecome clear分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分りよ(emphasis)よ · particlesentence-final particle of emphasis僕I僕 · pronounsubject of 話さが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 僕話さtell話す · verbadverbial clause on 来るないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 話さで(without)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話さもevenも · particleparticle marking 話さないで自然naturally自然 · nounoblique complement of 分っと(manner)と · particleparticle marking 自然分っbecome clear分る · verbadverbial clause on 来るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分っ来るcome to be来る · verbmain verb of the clause (分って来る, 'comes to be')です(is)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来るねisn't itね · particlesentence-final particle seeking agreement吉川Yoshikawa吉川 · proper nouncompound with 君君Mr.君 · nounhonorific suffix, head of the phrase - 18
"Yes, it really is quite complicated. It can't be understood overnight, but it will gradually become clear — you'll come to understand it naturally, even without being told," Toady said, echoing Red Shirt's very words.
ええyesええ · interjectionsentence-initial interjectionなかなかquiteなかなか · adverbmodifies 込み込みtangled込む · verbfirst element of the compound verb 込み入る, with 入っ入っcomplicated入る · verbsecond element of 込み入る (main verb of the sentence)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionte-form connecting 入っ to ますます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbpolite auxiliary of 入っからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 入っねyou knowね · particlesentence-final particle expressing rapport一朝one morning一朝一夕 · nounfirst element of the idiom 一朝一夕 ('overnight'), with 一夕一夕overnight一朝一夕 · nounsecond element of 一朝一夕, oblique complement of 分り一朝一夕 ('one morning, one evening') is the idiom for 'a short time'.
にゃeven inには · particleparticle marking 一夕 (colloquial contraction of には)到底possibly到底 · adverbmodifies 分り (with the following negative)分りunderstand分る · verbmain verb of the sentenceませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分りんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分りしかしbutしかし · conjunctionlinks the coordinationだんだんgraduallyだんだん · adverbmodifies 分り分りbecome clear分る · verbmain verb of the clauseます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分り僕I僕 · pronounsubject of 話さが(subject)が · particleparticle marking 僕話さtell話す · verbadverbial clause on 来るないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 話さで(without)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 話さもevenも · particleparticle marking 話さないで自然naturally自然 · nounoblique complement of 分っと(manner)と · particleparticle marking 自然分っbecome clear分る · verbadverbial clause on 来るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 分っ来るcome to be来る · verbmain verb of the quoted clause (分って来る, 'comes to be')です(is)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来ると(quote)と · particlequotative particle marking the preceding quote野Toady野だ · proper nounfirst element of the nickname 野だ ('Toady'), with だだ(Toady)野だ · proper nounsecond element of the nickname 野だ, subject of 云う (marked by は)野だ is the nickname of the character rendered 'Toady' in translation.
は(topic)は · particletopic particle marking 野だ赤Red赤シャツ · proper nounfirst element of the nickname 赤シャツ ('Red Shirt'), with シャツシャツShirt赤シャツ · proper nounsecond element of the nickname 赤シャツ, oblique complement of 同じとasと · particleparticle marking シャツ同じsame同じ · adjectivemodifies ようようwayよう · nounclause modifying 事な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to よう事thing事 · noundirect object of 云うを(object)を · particleparticle marking 事云うsays云う · verbmain verb of the sentence - 19
"If it's such a troublesome business I needn't hear it, but since you brought it up yourself, I'm asking."
そんなsuchそんな · pronounmodifies 事情面倒troublesome面倒 · adjectivemodifies 事情な(attributive)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 面倒事情business事情 · nounpredicate noun, complement of ならならif it'sだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事情 (conditional)聞かhear聞く · verbadverbial clause on 伺うなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞かて(even)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 聞かもevenも · particlepart of the phrase ていいfineいい · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase てん(you see)の · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer (んです)です(is)です · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction, introduces あなたの方から...あなたyouあなた · pronounmodifies 方の'sの · particleparticle marking あなた方side方 · nounoblique complement of 話しからfromから · particleparticle marking 方話しtalk話す · verbfirst element of the compound verb 話し出す, with 出し出しbrought up出す · verbsecond element of 話し出す ('bring up'), adverbial clause on 伺うた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出しからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し伺うask伺う · verbmain verb of the sentenceん(you see)の · subordinating conjunctionexplanatory nominalizer (んです)です(is)です · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 20
"Quite right, of course. It would be irresponsible of me to open the subject and not follow through. Very well, let me just say this much. You, if I may say so, have only just graduated and this is your very first experience as a teacher. But a school is a place full of complicated personal interests, and things don't run along as simply as a student's plain thinking."
そりゃthatそりゃ · pronoun (contraction of それは)topic of もっともそりゃ is the colloquial contraction of それは 'as for that'.
ご(honorific)ご · honorific prefixhonorific prefix on もっとももっともrightもっとも · adjectival nounpredicate of the sentenceだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もっともこっちIこっち · pronounagent of 切っでbyで · particleparticle marking こっち口mouth口 · noundirect object of 切っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 口切っbroach切る · verbadverbial clause on つけ口を切る is an idiom, 'to broach a subject.'
てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 切っあとthe follow-upあと · noundirect object of つけをobjectを · particleparticle marking あとつけfollow throughつける · verbpredicate of the clause, subject of 無責任ないnotない · auxiliary verbnegates つけのthe act ofの · particlenominalizes つけ, subject of 無責任はtopicは · particleparticle marking の無ir-無 · prefixnegative prefix on 責任責任responsibility責任 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 責任ねyou knowね · particlesentence-final softenerそれthatそれ · pronounpart of それじゃじゃwell thenじゃ · particlepart of the phrase それこれthisこれ · pronounmodifies 事だけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking これのofの · particleparticle marking これ事matter事 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事云っsay云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云っおきfor nowおく · verbpart of the phrase てましょうlet meます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っあなたyouあなた · pronountopic of the sentenceはtopicは · particleparticle marking あなた失礼rude失礼 · nounparenthetical clause失礼ながら is a set phrase, 'if I may say so.'
ながらthoughながら · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 失礼まだjustまだ · adverbmodifies 卒業学校school学校 · noundirect object of 卒業をobjectを · particleparticle marking 学校卒業graduate卒業 · nounadverbial clause on 経験しdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 卒業たてjust nowたて · suffixauxiliary of 卒業でandだ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 卒業教師teacher教師 · nountopic, modifies 経験はas forは · particleparticle marking 教師始めthe first始めて · adverbmodifies 経験てtime始めて · adverbpart of the phrase 始めのofの · particleparticle marking 始め経験experience経験 · nounhead of the phraseでbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 経験あるisある · verbpart of the phrase でところbutところが · conjunctionintroduces contrast with the previous sentenceところが is a fixed conjunction, 'however/but.'
がbutところが · conjunctionpart of the phrase ところ学校school学校 · nouncomplement of というと(quote)と · particleparticle marking 学校いうcalledいう · verbpart of the phrase とものthingもの · nountopic of the sentenceはtopicは · particleparticle marking ものなかなかquiteなかなか · adverbmodifies ある情実personal interest情実 · nounmodifies あるのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 情実 (subject in relative clause)あるhasある · verbclause modifying ものものthingもの · nounhead of causal clause modifying 行かでbeingだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ものそうthat wayそう · adverbmodifies 行か書生student書生 · nouncompound with 流流style流 · nounmodifies 淡泊にinに · particleparticle marking 流淡泊plain淡泊 · adjectival nounoblique complement of 行かにinに · particleparticle marking 淡泊はtopicは · particleparticle marking 淡泊行かrun行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かです(polite)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かからbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行かねyou knowね · particlesentence-final softener - 21
"If it doesn't run along simply, how does it run, then?"
淡泊plainly淡泊 · adjectival nounoblique complement of 行かにinに · particleparticle marking 淡泊行かrun行く · verbadverbial clause on 行くなけれnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 行かばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 行かどんなwhat kind ofどんな · pronounmodifies 風風way風 · nounoblique complement of 行くにinに · particleparticle marking 風行くrun行く · verbmain verb of the sentenceんthenの · particlenominalizes 行くですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 22
"Well, you're so forthright that — that's just what I mean, you're still short on experience..."
さあwellさあ · interjectiondiscourse marker君you君 · nounsubject of 率直はtopicは · particleparticle marking 君そうsoそう · adverbmodifies 率直率直frank率直 · adjectival nounadverbial clause on 云うだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 率直からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 率直まだstillまだ · adverbmodifies 乏しい経験experience経験 · nounoblique complement of 乏しいにinに · particleparticle marking 経験乏しいshort of乏しい · adjectiveclausal complement of 云うとthatと · particleparticle marking 乏しい云うmean云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceんyou seeの · particlenominalizes 云うですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うねyou knowね · particlesentence-final softener - 23
"Of course I'm short on experience. I even wrote it in my résumé — twenty-three years and four months."
どうせof courseどうせ · adverbmodifies 乏しい経験experience経験 · nounoblique complement of 乏しいにinに · particleparticle marking 経験はas forは · particleparticle marking 経験乏しいshort of乏しい · adjectiveclause modifying はずはずshouldはず · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to はず履歴career履歴 · nouncompound with 書書record書 · nounoblique complement of かいにinに · particleparticle marking 書もevenも · particleparticle marking 書かいwriteかく · verbmain verb of the clause before が, coordinated with the ヶ月 clause that followsときalreadyとく · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かいまし(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かいたdidた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of かいがandが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of かい二十三twenty-three二十三 · numeralcompound with ヶ月年years年 · nouncompound with ヶ月四four四 · numeralquantifies ヶ月ヶ月monthsヶ月 · nounhead of the phraseですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ヶ月からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ヶ月 - 24
"There, that's exactly where you get taken advantage of from an unexpected quarter."
さthereさ · interjectiondiscourse markerそこthereそこ · pronounoblique complement of あるでatで · particleparticle marking そこ思わthink思う · verbclause modifying 辺ぬnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 思わ辺quarter辺 · nounoblique complement of 乗ぜからfromから · particleparticle marking 辺乗ぜtake advantage乗ずる · verbmain verb of the clause modifying 事られるgetられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗ぜ事case事 · nounsubject of あるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 事あるisある · verbmain verb of the sentenceんthat'sの · particlenominalizes あるですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 25
"If a man behaves honestly, he needn't fear anyone taking advantage of him."
正直honest正直 · adjectival nounadverbial clause on しに-lyに · particleparticle marking 正直しactする · verbadverbial clause on ないてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいれisいる · verbpart of the phrase てばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し誰anyone誰 · pronounsubject of 乗じがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 誰乗じtakes advantage乗ずる · verbadverbial clause on ないたってeven ifたって · subordinating conjunctionintroduces concessive clause of 乗じたって is a colloquial contraction of ても, 'even if.'
怖くafraid怖い · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 怖くないnotない · adjectivehead of the phraseです(polite)です · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ない - 26
"Of course you needn't fear it — you needn't, but it happens all the same. In fact your predecessor was caught out that way, so I say you should be careful."
無論of course無論 · adverbmodifies ない怖くafraid怖い · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 怖くないnotない · adjectiveadverbial clause on ない怖くafraid怖い · adjectiveadverbial clause on ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 怖くないnotない · adjectiveadverbial clause on 乗ぜがbutが · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ない乗ぜtake advantage乗ずる · verbmain verb of the sentenceられるgetsられる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗ぜ現にin fact現に · adverbmodifies やら君you君 · nounmodifies 者のofの · particleparticle marking 君前任former前任 · nouncompound with 者者person者 · nounsubject of やらがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 者やらcaughtやる · verbpredicate of the から clauseれwasれる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やらた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of やらんthe factの · particlenominalizes やらだisだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of やら気care気 · noundirect object of 付けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 気付けtake付ける · verbadverbial clause on いけないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 付けとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付けいけno goodいける · verbclausal complement of 云うない(auxiliary)ない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of いけとthatと · particleparticle marking いけ云うsay云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceんthe factの · particlenominalizes 云うですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 27
Noticing that Toady had gone quiet, I turned to look and found him already back at the stern, talking fishing with the boatman.
野Toady野だ · proper nounsubject of なっ野だ (Noda) is Botchan's nickname for the character rendered 'Toady' in this translation.
だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the name 野だがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 野だ大人しくquiet大人しい · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっなっbecameなる · verbadverbial clause on 付いた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっなhuhな · particleintroduces the quoted thoughtとthatと · particleparticle marking なっ気notice気 · nounsubject of 付いがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 気付いnoticed付く · verbadverbial clause on 見るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付いふりturnふる · verbadverbial clause on 見る向いaround向く · verbadverbial clause on 見るてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 向い見るlook見る · verbadverbial clause on しとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見るいつalreadyいつしか · adverbmodifies しいつしか is a fixed adverb, 'before one knows it, already,' split here across いつ・し・か.
し(particle)いつしか · adverbpart of the phrase いつか(particle)いつしか · adverbpart of the phrase いつ艫stern艫 · nounmodifies 方のofの · particleparticle marking 艫方side方 · nounoblique complement of しでatで · particleparticle marking 方船頭boatman船頭 · nounmodifies 話とwithと · particleparticle marking 船頭釣fishing釣 · nounmodifies 話のofの · particleparticle marking 釣話talk話 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 話しtalkingする · verbmain verb of the sentenceてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of しいるisいる · verbpart of the phrase て With Toady out of earshot it was a good deal easier to talk.
野Toady野 · proper nounpart of the name 野だ野だ is the narrator's colloquial nickname for 野だいこ (Nodaiko), the flattering hanger-on rendered as "Toady" in translation.
だToady野だ · nounpart of the name 野がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 野だ居is around居る · verbadverbial clause on なっないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 居んthe fact thatん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 居でsinceだ · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase んよっぽどa good dealよっぽど · adverbmodifies よく話しtalk話す · verbcompound with よくよくeasyよい · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっ- 28
"What happened to my predecessor — who took advantage of him?"
僕my僕 · pronounmodifies 者の'sの · particleparticle marking 僕前任predecessor前任 · nouncompound with 者者person者 · nounsubject of 乗ぜがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 者誰れwho誰 · nounoblique complement of 乗ぜ誰れ is an old okurigana spelling; the modern standard is 誰.
にbyに · particleparticle marking 誰れ乗ぜtook advantage of乗ずる · verbmain verb of the sentenceられ(passive)られる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗ぜた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗ぜんthe fact thatん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 乗ぜですisです · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 29
"Naming who would compromise that person's reputation, so I can't say. And besides, without clear proof, to say so would put the blame on me. In any case, now that you've gone to the trouble of coming here, it would be a shame for us if you failed after we called you all this way. Please do be careful."
だれwhoだれ · nounoblique complement of 指すとasと · particleparticle marking だれ指すname指す · verbadverbial clause on 関係とifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 指すそのthatその · determinerdeterminer of 人人person人 · nounmodifies 関係の'sの · particleparticle marking 人名誉reputation名誉 · nounoblique complement of 関係にonに · particleparticle marking 名誉関係concerns関係 · verbadverbial clause on 云えするdoesする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 関係からbecauseから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 関係云えcan say云う · verbmain verb of the sentenceないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云えまたalsoまた · conjunctionlinks the coordination判然clearly判然 · adverbmodifies 事とasと · particleparticle marking 判然証拠proof証拠 · nounsubject of ないのsubjectの · particleparticle marking 証拠ないwithoutない · adjectiveclause modifying 事事matter事 · nounadverbial clause on なるだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 事からsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 事云うsay云う · verbadverbial clause on なるとifと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 云うこっちmy sideこっち · pronounmodifies 落度の'sの · particleparticle marking こっち落度fault落度 · nounoblique complement of なるにintoに · particleparticle marking 落度なるbecomesなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceとにかくanywayとにかく · adverbmodifies 来せっかくwith such troubleせっかく · adverbmodifies 来君you君 · nounsubject of 来がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 君来came来る · verbclause modifying もんた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 来もんthe factもの · nounadverbial clause on ないだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんからsinceから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of もんここhereここ · pronounoblique complement of 失敗でatで · particleparticle marking ここ失敗fail失敗 · verbadverbial clause on ないしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 失敗ちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 失敗僕we僕 · pronounmodifies 等等and the rest等 · nounsubject of 呼んもalsoも · particleparticle marking 等君you君 · noundirect object of 呼んをobjectを · particleparticle marking 君呼んcalled呼ぶ · verbclause modifying 甲斐だ(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 呼ん呼んだ: だ here is the voiced allophone of た after ん, not the copula.
甲斐point甲斐 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 甲斐ないthere is noneない · adjectivehead of the phraseどうpleaseどう · adverbmodifies 付けどうか is a fixed polite-request idiom; どう and か together mean "please."
かpleaseか · particleparticle marking どう気care気 · noundirect object of 付けをobjectを · particleparticle marking 気付けpay付ける · verbclause modifying まえてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付けくれfor meくれる · verbauxiliary of 付けた(imperative)たまう · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase まえくれたまえ is a fixed polite-imperative construction, "please do (for me)"; た/まえ here are one classical auxiliary たまう, not the plain past tense.
まえplease doたまう · auxiliary verbpolite imperative ending - 30
"However much you tell me to be careful, there's no more careful I can be than this. All I need to do is not do anything wrong, isn't that so?"
気care気 · noundirect object of 付けろをobjectを · particleparticle marking 気付けろbe careful付ける · verbclause modifying ったってったってeven if you sayたって · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 付けろこれthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of 付けようよりthanより · particleparticle marking これ気care気 · nounmodifies 付けようのofの · particleparticle marking 気付けようway of taking付ける · nounsubject of ありはtopicは · particleparticle marking 付けようありisある · verbmain verb of the sentenceませ(polite)ます · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありんnotぬ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ありわるいbadわるい · adjectiveclause modifying 事事thing事 · noundirect object of しをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事しdoする · verbadverbial clause on 好いなけりゃif notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of し好いfine好い · adjectivehead of the phraseんthe fact thatん · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 好いでしょうright?です · auxiliary verbpart of the phrase ん - 31
Red Shirt laughed his "ho ho ho ho."
赤Red赤 · proper nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · proper nounsubject of 笑っはtopicは · particleparticle marking シャツホホホホho ho ho hoホホホホ · interjectionoblique complement of 笑っとasと · particleparticle marking ホホホホ笑っlaughed笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っ I couldn't recall having said anything that deserved being laughed at.
別段particularly別段 · nounoblique complement of ないおれIおれ · pronounsubject of 云っはtopicは · particleparticle marking おれ笑わlaughed at笑う · verbclause modifying 事れる(passive)れる · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わようlikeよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わなsuchだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑わ事thing事 · noundirect object of 云っをobjectを · particleparticle marking 事云っsaid云う · verbclause modifying 覚えた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 云っ覚えmemory覚え · nounsubject of ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 覚えないdon't haveない · adjectivehead of the phraseTo this very day I still firmly believe I was right.
今日today今日 · adverbcompound with ただ今ただ今right nowただ今 · nounoblique complement of 至るにtoに · particleparticle marking ただ今至るreach至る · verbadverbial clause on 信じまでuntilまで · particleintroduces the clause of 至るこれthisこれ · pronounoblique complement of いいでwithで · particleparticle marking これいいfineいい · adjectiveadverbial clause on 信じとthatと · particleparticle marking いい堅くfirmly堅い · adverbadverbial clause on 信じ信じbelieve信ずる · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(ongoing)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 信じいる(ongoing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てThinking it over, it seems most people in the world encourage each other to turn crooked.
考えthink考える · verbadverbial clause on 奨励てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考えみるtryみる · verbpart of the phrase てとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 考え世間the world世間 · nounmodifies 部分の'sの · particleparticle marking 世間大most大 · nouncompound with 部分部分part部分 · nounmodifies 人の'sの · particleparticle marking 部分人people人 · nounsubject of 奨励はtopicは · particleparticle marking 人わるくbadわるい · adjectiveadverbial clause on なるなるbecomeなる · verbclause modifying 事事thing事 · noundirect object of 奨励をobjectを · particleparticle marking 事奨励encourage奨励 · verbadverbial clause on 思うしdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奨励て(ongoing)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 奨励いる(ongoing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てようseemよう · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 奨励にasに · particleparticle marking よう思うthink思う · verbmain verb of the sentenceThey seem to believe no one succeeds in society without becoming a little corrupt.
わるくbadわるい · adjectiveadverbial clause on ならならbecomeなる · verbadverbial clause on しなけれif notない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of ならばifば · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of なら社会society社会 · nounoblique complement of しにinに · particleparticle marking 社会成功success成功 · nounsubject of しはtopicは · particleparticle marking 成功しachieveする · verbclause modifying ものないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しものthe ideaもの · nounoblique complement of 信じとthatと · particleparticle marking もの信じbelieve信ずる · verbmain verb of the sentenceて(ongoing)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 信じいる(ongoing)いる · verbpart of the phrase てらしいseemsらしい · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 信じWhenever they come across an honest, pure-hearted person, they find fault with him, calling him a "young master" or a “brat,” and look down on him.
たまにoccasionallyたまに · adverbmodifies 見る正直honest正直 · adjectiveclause modifying 人なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 正直純粋pure純粋 · adjectiveclause modifying 人なisだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 純粋人person人 · noundirect object of 見るをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人見るsee見る · verbadverbial clause on つけとwhenと · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 見る坊っyoung坊っちゃん · nouncompound with ちゃんちゃんmaster坊っちゃん · nounmodifies 小僧だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to ちゃんのor suchの · particleparticle marking ちゃん小僧greenhorn小僧 · nounadverbial clause on つけだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 小僧のor suchの · particleparticle marking 小僧とasと · particleparticle marking 小僧難癖fault難癖 · noundirect object of つけをobjectを · particleparticle marking 難癖つけfindつける · verbadverbial clause on 軽蔑てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つけ軽蔑despise軽蔑 · verbmain verb of the sentenceするdoする · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 軽蔑If that's so, ethics teachers in primary and middle schools would do better not to teach children not to lie and to be honest.
それthatそれ · pronounforms それじゃ (if that's so) with じゃじゃif soでは · particlecombines with それ to form the conditional それじゃ小primary小 · nouncompound with 学校 (forms 小学校)学校school学校 · nounhead of compound 小学校, coordinated with 中学校やandや · particleparticle listing 小学校 and 中学校中middle中 · nouncompound with 学校 (forms 中学校)学校school学校 · nounhead of compound 中学校, oblique complement of つくでatで · particleparticle marking 学校 (location)嘘a lie嘘 · noundirect object of つくをobjectを · particleparticle marking 嘘つくtellつく · verbverb of the quoted prohibition 嘘をつくな, complement of 教えなdon'tな · particleprohibitive particle after つく正直honest正直 · adjectivepredicate of the quoted imperative 正直にしろに-lyだ · auxiliary verbadverbializes 正直 before しろしろbeする · verbimperative verb of the quoted clause 正直にしろとthatと · particlequotative particle marking both quoted clauses as content of 教え倫理ethics倫理 · nounmodifies 先生の'sの · particleparticle marking 倫理先生teachers先生 · nounsubject of 教えがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 先生教えteach教える · verbclause modifying 方ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 教え方way方 · nounsubject of いいがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方いいwould be betterいい · adjectivehead of the phrase, predicate of the sentenceThey might as well go the whole way and teach, for everyone's good, methods for lying at school, techniques for distrusting others, and strategies for taking people in.
いっそmight as wellいっそ · adverbmodifies 思い切っ思いresolve思う · verbwith 切っ forms 思い切って, adverbial clause on 教授切っfirmly切る · verbintensifying suffix on 思い (思い切って)てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 切っ学校school学校 · nounoblique complement of つくでatで · particleparticle marking 学校嘘lies嘘 · noundirect object of つくをobjectを · particleparticle marking 嘘つくtellingつく · verbclause modifying 法法methods法 · nounoblique complement of 教授, coordinated with 術 and 策とandと · particleparticle marking 法 (listing)かorか · particleparticle marking 法 (approximative listing, とか)人people人 · noundirect object of 信じをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人信じtrust信ずる · verbclause modifying 術ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 信じ術techniques術 · nounoblique complement of 教授, coordinated with 法 and 策とandと · particleparticle marking 術 (listing)かorか · particleparticle marking 術 (approximative listing, とか)人people人 · noundirect object of 乗せるをobjectを · particleparticle marking 人乗せるtake in乗せる · verbclause modifying 策策strategies策 · noundirect object of 教授をobjectを · particleparticle marking 策教授teaching教授 · nounclause modifying 方, forms 教授する with するするdoする · auxiliary verblight verb of 教授方practice方 · nounsubject of なるがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方世the world世 · nounmodifies ための'sの · particleparticle marking 世ためsakeため · nounoblique complement of なる (世のため)にforに · particleparticle marking ため (世のために)もalsoも · particleparticle marking ため当人the person themselves当人 · nounmodifies ための'sの · particleparticle marking 当人ためsakeため · nounoblique complement of なる (当人のため)にforに · particleparticle marking ため (当人のために)もalsoも · particleparticle marking ためなるwould benefitなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceだろうprobablyだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なる (conjecture)When Red Shirt laughed his "ho ho ho ho," he was laughing at how simple I am.
赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツ (nickname 赤シャツ)シャツShirtシャツ · proper nounhead of compound 赤シャツ, subject of 笑っがsubjectが · particleparticle marking シャツホホホホho ho ho hoホホホホ · nounoblique complement of 笑っ (manner)とwithと · particleparticle marking ホホホホ笑っlaughed笑う · verbclause modifying の (nominalized, topic of the sentence)たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っのwhenの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 赤シャツがホホホホと笑ったはtopicは · particleparticle marking の (topic)おれmyおれ · pronounmodifies 単純 (possessive)の'sの · particleparticle marking おれ単純simple単純 · adjectivepredicate of the nominalized clause おれの単純なのなamだ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 単純のthe factの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes おれの単純な, object of 笑っをobjectを · particleparticle marking の笑っlaughed at笑う · verbmain verb of the sentenceたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っのthe factの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes the clause before だ (explanatory)だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula, explanatory のだIf a world laughs at simplicity and sincerity, there's nothing to be done about it.
単純simplicity単純 · nouncoordinated with 真率, subject of 笑わやandや · particleparticle listing 単純 and 真率真率sincerity真率 · nounsubject of 笑わがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 真率笑わlaughed at笑う · verbclause modifying 世の中れるisれる · auxiliary verbpassive auxiliary of 笑わ世の中world世の中 · nounmodifies 仕様 (locative clause)じゃinでは · particleparticle marking 世の中 (topic/locative, contraction of では)仕様way仕様 · nounsubject of ないがsubjectが · particleparticle marking 仕様ないthere isn'tない · adjectivehead of the phrase, predicate of the sentenceKiyo never once laughed at me at a time like this.
清Kiyo清 · proper nountopic of the sentenceはtopicは · particleparticle marking 清こんなlike thisこんな · pronounmodifies 時時time時 · nounoblique complement of 笑っにatに · particleparticle marking 時決してnever決して · adverbmodifies 笑っ (with negative ない)笑っlaughed笑う · verbclause modifying 事たpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 笑っ事instance事 · nounhead of the phrase, subject of ないはtopicは · particleparticle marking 事ないthere isn'tない · auxiliary verbpredicate of the sentence, negates 事She always listened with great admiration.
大いにgreatly大いに · adverbmodifies 感心感心admiring感心 · nounclause modifying もん, forms 感心する with ししdidする · auxiliary verblight verb of 感心てandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 感心聞いlistened聞く · verbclause modifying もんたpastた · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 聞いもんalwaysもん · nounhead of the phrase, habitual もんだだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to もんKiyo is a far finer person than Red Shirt.
清Kiyo清 · proper nounmodifies 方の'sの · particleparticle marking 清方one方 · nounsubject of 上等がsubjectが · particleparticle marking 方赤Red赤 · nouncompound with シャツ (nickname 赤シャツ)シャツShirtシャツ · proper nounhead of compound 赤シャツ, oblique complement of 上等よりthanより · particleparticle marking シャツよっぽどfarよっぽど · adverbmodifies 上等上等finer上等 · adjectivepredicate of the sentenceだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula, auxiliary of 上等- 32
"Of course it's fine so long as you don't do anything wrong yourself, but even if you personally do nothing wrong, if you can't tell when others are up to no good, you'll surely come to grief all the same. In this world there are people who, however open-hearted or easygoing they look, however kindly they see to your lodgings, are the very ones you can least afford to let your guard down with... It's turned quite cold. Autumn's really here now — look, the shore's gone sepia with the mist. What a fine sight. Hey, Yoshikawa, what do you say, that view of the shore..." he called out loudly to Toady.
無論of course無論 · adverbmodifies the clause 悪るい事をしなければ好い悪るいbad悪い · adjectiveclause modifying 事事things事 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 事しdoする · verbverb of the conditional clause (~なければ)なけれnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of しばifば · subordinating conjunctionconditional marker on なけれ好いis fine良い · adjectivepredicate following the ば-conditionalん(explanatory)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 好いですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to んがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction linking to the next clause自分oneself自分 · nounagent-like modifier of し, marked by だけだけonlyだけ · particleparticle marking 自分悪るいbad悪い · adjectiveclause modifying 事事things事 · noundirect object of しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 事しdoする · verbverb of the concessive clause (~なくても)なくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of して(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause with ももevenも · particleparticle marking し (concessive)人other people人 · nounpossessor modifying 悪るいの'sの · particleparticle marking 人悪るいbad behavior悪い · adjectivenominalized predicate, subject of 分ら (via の...が)の(nominalizer)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 悪るいが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 悪るいの分らunderstand分かる · verbverb of the conditional clause (~なくっちゃ)なくっnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 分らちゃifちゃ · subordinating conjunctionconditional marker on 分ら (contraction of ては)Colloquial contraction of ては; なくっちゃ = 'if (one) doesn't...'.
やっぱりafter allやっぱり · adverbmodifies 逢うひどいterribleひどい · adjectiveclause modifying 目目experience目 · nounoblique complement of 逢うに(goal marker)に · particleparticle marking 目逢うmeet with逢う · verbmain verb of the sentenceでしょうsurelyです · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 逢う世の中the world世の中 · nountopic, oblique complement of 見えにinに · particleparticle marking 世の中は(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 世の中磊落open-hearted磊落 · adjectivepredicate complement of 見え (via なように)な(copula)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 磊落ようseemingよう · nounauxiliary of 磊落に(adverbial marker)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializes よう見えlook見える · verbverb of the concessive clause (~ても)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause with ももevenも · particleparticle marking 見え (concessive)淡泊unassuming淡泊 · adjectivepredicate complement of 見え (via なように)な(copula)だ · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 淡泊ようseemingよう · nounauxiliary of 淡泊に(adverbial marker)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializes よう見えlook見える · verbverb of the concessive clause (~ても)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause with ももevenも · particleparticle marking 見え (concessive)親切kindly親切 · adjectiveadverbial modifier of しに(adverbial marker)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializes 親切下宿lodging下宿 · nounmodifies 世話の'sの · particleparticle marking 下宿世話care世話 · nounobject of し, marked by なんかなんかsuch asなんか · particleparticle marking 世話しdoする · verbverb of the concessive clause (~てくれても)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces くれくれfor youくれる · verbbenefactive auxiliary of して(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the concessive clause with ももevenも · particleparticle marking くれ (concessive)めったrarelyめった · adjectiveadverbial modifier of 油断...出来ないに(adverbial marker)だ · auxiliary verbadverbializes めった油断dropping one's guard油断 · nounobject of 出来, marked by のの(object marker)の · particleparticle marking 油断出来can do出来る · verbpredicate of the clause modifying の (via のが)ないnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 出来のthe onesの · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 出来ない (the ones who cannot)が(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 出来ないのありthere areある · verbmain verb of the sentenceます(polite)ます · auxiliary verbpolite auxiliary of ありからsoから · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of あり大分quite大分 · adverbmodifies 寒く寒くcold寒い · adjectiveadverbial clause on なっなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっもうalreadyもう · adverbmodifies 秋秋autumn秋 · nounpredicate noun with ですですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 秋ね(right?)ね · particlesentence-final particle seeking agreement浜the shore浜 · nounmodifies 方の'sの · particleparticle marking 浜方the area方 · nounsubject of なっは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 方靄mist靄 · nounoblique complement of なっ, marked by ででwithで · particleparticle marking 靄セピヤsepiaセピヤ · nouncompound with 色色color色 · nounoblique complement of なっにintoに · particleparticle marking 色なっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっいいfine良い · adjectiveclause modifying 景色景色view景色 · nounhead of the phraseだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 景色おいheyおい · interjectioninterjection addressing the listener吉川Yoshikawa吉川 · proper nouncompound with 君君old chap君 · nounvocative address term with 吉川どうhow about itどう · adverbpredicate question word with だ (どうだい)だisだ · auxiliary verbcopula, part of どうだいい(question particle)い · particlesentence-final question particle, part of だいあのthatあの · determinerdeterminer of 浜浜shore浜 · nounmodifies 景色のofの · particleparticle marking 浜景色the view景色 · nountopic of the trailing, unfinished quoted clauseは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 景色と(quote marker)と · particlemarks the end of the quotation, complement of 呼ん大きなloud大きな · adjectivemodifies 声声voice声 · noundirect object of 出しを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 声出しraising出す · verbadverbial clause on 呼んて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 出し野Toady野だ · proper nounnickname (Toady), direct object of 呼ん with を野だ is Botchan's nickname for the art teacher Yoshikawa, split here by the parser.
だ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the nickname 野だを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 野だ呼んcalled呼ぶ · verbmain verb of the sentenceだ(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 呼ん "Well now, that really is a marvel."
な(part of interjection)なるほど · interjectionpart of the interjection なるほどある(part of interjection)なるほど · interjectionpart of the interjection なるほどほどindeedなるほど · interjectionhead of the interjection なるほどなあるほど is the interjection なるほど ('indeed, I see'), split by the parser into three pieces.
こりゃthisこれは · pronountopic, subject of 奇絶です (contraction of これは)奇絶a marvel奇絶 · nounhead of the phrase, predicate with ですですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 奇絶ね(right?)ね · particlesentence-final particle seeking agreement"If I had the time I'd sketch it — a shame to leave it just as it is," Toady said, laying it on thick.
時間time時間 · nounsubject of あるが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 時間あるhaveある · verbverb of the conditional clause (~と)とifと · particleparticle marking ある写生sketch写生 · verbverb (with する), clause before がする(do)する · auxiliary verblight verb of 写生ん(explanatory)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes 写生するだisだ · auxiliary verbcopula linking to んがbutが · subordinating conjunctioncontrastive conjunction linking to 惜しい惜しいa shame惜しい · adjectivemain predicate of the sentence, with ですですisです · auxiliary verbcopula linking to 惜しいね(right?)ね · particlesentence-final particle seeking agreementこのthisこの · determinerdeterminer of ままままas isまま · nounoblique complement of しにasに · particleparticle marking まましmakeする · verbverb forming the clause しておくの (leaving it)て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces おくおくleaveおく · verbauxiliary of し (leave in a state)の(the act of)の · subordinating conjunctionnominalizes しておくは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking しておくのと(quote marker)と · particlemarks the end of the quotation野Toady野だ · proper nounnickname (Toady), subject of たたく with はだ(name)野だ · proper nounpart of the nickname 野だは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 野だ大いにheartily大いに · adverbmodifies たたくたたくlays it onたたく · verbmain verb of the sentence大いにたたく is idiomatic here for exaggerating/flattering, not literal striking.
- 33
A single light came on in the second floor of the Minatoya, and just as a train whistle let out a hoot, the boat I was riding in ran its prow grating up into the sandy beach and came to a stop.
港屋Minatoya港屋 · proper nounmodifies 階の'sの · particleparticle marking 港屋二two二 · numeralquantifies 階階floor階 · nounoblique complement of ついにinに · particleparticle marking 階灯a light灯 · nounsubject of ついが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 灯一one一 · numeralquantifies つつ(counter)つ · nouncounter, oblique complement of ついついcame onつく · verbclause modifying ときて(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of つい汽車train汽車 · nounmodifies 笛の'sの · particleparticle marking 汽車笛whistle笛 · nounsubject of 鳴るが(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking 笛ヒューhootヒュー · adverbonomatopoeia, oblique complement of 鳴ると(sound marker)と · particlemarks the onomatopoeia ヒュー鳴るsounded鳴る · verbclause modifying ときときwhenとき · nounoblique complement of なっおれIおれ · pronounmodifies 乗っの(subject marker)の · particlesubject marker in the relative clause乗っwas riding乗る · verbclause modifying 舟て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces いい(was)いる · verbprogressive auxiliary of 乗った(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 乗っ舟boat舟 · nounsubject of 動かは(topic marker)は · particleparticle marking 舟磯the shore磯 · nounmodifies 砂の'sの · particleparticle marking 磯砂sand砂 · nounoblique complement of つき込ん, marked by へへontoへ · particleparticle marking 砂ざgratingざぐり · adverbpart of the onomatopoeia ざぐり, modifies つき込んざぐりと is a single onomatopoeic word for a grating/scraping sound, split by the parser.
ぐり(sound)ざぐり · adverbpart of the onomatopoeia ざぐりと(sound marker)と · particlemarks the onomatopoeia ざぐり舳prow舳 · noundirect object of つきを(object marker)を · particleparticle marking 舳つきthrustつく · verbadverbial clause on 動か込んinto込む · verbadverbial clause on 動かで(and)で · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 込ん動かmove動く · verbadverbial clause on なっなくnotない · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 動かなっbecameなる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of なっ "Back early, aren’t you?," the innkeeper's wife said, standing on the shore, greeting Red Shirt.
お早うwelcomeお早う · interjectiongreeting, modifies 帰りお(honorific)お · nounhonorific prefix, compound with 帰り帰りback帰り · nounpart of the quoted greeting, marked by とと(quote marker)と · particlemarks the end of the quotation, complement of 挨拶かみlandladyかみさん · nouncompound with さんさん(title)かみさん · nounsubject of 挨拶が(subject marker)が · particleparticle marking かみさん浜the shore浜 · nounoblique complement of 立っにonに · particleparticle marking 浜立っstanding立つ · verbadverbial clause on 挨拶て(and)て · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of 立っ赤Red赤 · proper nouncompound with シャツシャツShirtシャツ · proper nounoblique complement of 挨拶にtoに · particleparticle marking 赤シャツ挨拶greets挨拶 · verbmain verb of the sentenceする(does)する · auxiliary verblight verb of 挨拶I jumped down from the side of the boat onto the beach at last, with a heave-ho.
はtopic markerは · particleparticle marking おれ船端side of the boat船端 · nounoblique complement of 下りからfromから · particleparticle marking 船端やっとfinallyやっと · adverbmodifies し掛声shout掛声 · noundirect object of しをobject markerを · particleparticle marking 掛声しdidする · verbadverbial clause on 飛びてandて · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of し磯beach磯 · nounoblique complement of 飛びへontoへ · particleparticle marking 磯飛びjumped飛ぶ · verbadverbial clause on 下り下りdown下りる · verbmain verb of the sentenceた(past)た · auxiliary verbauxiliary of 下り
The particulars
- The text
- 坊っちゃん, Natsume Sōseki. Botchan.
- Translation
- Public-domain Japanese (Natsume Sōseki, d. 1916; published 1906). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
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