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Ancient Greek · The Patrocleia

Ἰλιάδος Ρ

Book 17. The Battle for Patroclus

The Greeks and Trojans fight over the body of Patroclus. Hector takes the armor of Achilles. Menelaus and Meriones carry the body away.

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    Nor did it escape Menelaus, son of Atreus, dear to Ares,

    Metre

    ἔλαθescaped notice ofλανθάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb
    Ἀτρέοςof AtreusἈτρεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸν
    υἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject
    ἀρηΐφιλονwar-lovingἀρηίφιλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενέλαον
    ΜενέλαονMenelausΜενέλαος · accusative singular masculine nounobject
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    that Patroclus had been overcome by the Trojans in the fighting.

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    And he strode out through the front ranks, helmed in gleaming bronze,

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    and paced around him as a mother over her calf,

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    a first-calf mother, lowing, who had never known birth before;

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    so golden-haired Menelaus paced around Patroclus.

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    And before him held his spear and shield rounded on every side,

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    eager to kill whoever came against him,

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    Nor did the son of Panthous, skilled with the ash spear, neglect

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    blameless Patroclus where he had fallen; he came close beside him,

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    stood there, and addressed Menelaus, dear to Ares:

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    "Menelaus, son of Atreus, Zeus-nurtured marshal of the people,

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    draw back, leave the corpse, and let the blood-stained spoils be.

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    For no one before me among the Trojans and their famed allies

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    struck Patroclus with a spear through the fierce combat;

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    so let me win noble glory among the Trojans,

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    lest I strike you and take away your honey-sweet life."

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    Greatly angered, golden-haired Menelaus answered him:

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    "Father Zeus, it is not good to boast beyond measure.

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    Not even a leopard has such force, nor a lion,

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    nor a murderous wild boar, whose spirit most of all

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    swells within his breast in pride of strength,

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    as the sons of Panthous, skilled with the ash spear, think they have.

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    Yet the might of Hyperenor, tamer of horses,

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    had no joy of his youth when he scorned me and stood against me,

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    and said that among the Danaans I was the most contemptible warrior.

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    I do not think his own feet carried him home

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    to gladden his dear wife and honored parents.

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    So surely I shall break your strength as well, if you

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    stand against me. But I urge you to withdraw

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    into the throng, and not stand face to face with me

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    before you suffer harm; even a fool learns once the deed is done."

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    So he spoke, but did not persuade him; Euphorbus answered:

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    "Now indeed, Zeus-nurtured Menelaus, you shall pay in full

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    for my brother whom you killed, and over whom you speak in triumph.

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    You widowed his wife in the depths of their new-built bridal chamber,

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    and laid grievous lament and sorrow upon his parents.

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    I might bring those poor two a respite from lament

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    if I carry your head and armor home

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    and place them in the hands of Panthous and shining Phrontis.

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    But the labor will not remain untried for long,

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    nor the struggle unfought, whether it ends in valor or in flight."

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    So speaking, he struck the shield, round on every side.

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    But the bronze did not break through; the point bent back

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    in the stout shield. Then he in turn rose with his bronze,

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    the son of Atreus, Menelaus, praying to father Zeus:

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    As Euphorbus drew back, Menelaus stabbed him at the base of the throat

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    and leaned his weight upon it, trusting in his heavy hand;

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    the point passed straight through his tender neck,

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    he fell with a thud, and his armor clattered upon him.

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    His hair, lovely as the Graces, was drenched in blood,

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    and the braids that were bound with gold and silver.

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    As a man tends the flourishing shoot of an olive

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    in a lonely place where water wells up in abundance,

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    lovely and thriving; the breaths of winds shake it

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    from every side, and it bursts into white blossom;

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    but suddenly a wind comes with a mighty gale,

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    wrenches it from its trench and stretches it upon the earth;

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    such was Euphorbus, son of Panthous, skilled with the ash spear,

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    whom Menelaus, son of Atreus, killed and stripped of armor.

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    As when a mountain-bred lion, trusting in his strength,

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    seizes the finest cow from a grazing herd:

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    Seizing her, he first breaks her neck with his strong teeth,

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    then gulps down all her blood and entrails;

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    devouring her; around him dogs and herdsmen

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    raise a great clamor from far off, but they will not

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    come against him, for pale fear seizes them utterly;

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    so none of them had a heart within his breast that dared

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    to come against glorious Menelaus.

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    Then he would easily have carried away the splendid armor of Panthous' son,

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    Menelaus, son of Atreus, had Phoebus Apollo not begrudged it to him,

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    and roused Hector against him, equal to swift Ares,

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    taking the likeness of Mentes, leader of the Cicones;

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    And speaking to him he addressed him with winged words:

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    "Hector, you are running this way now in pursuit of what you cannot catch,

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    the horses of the warlike son of Aeacus; but they are hard

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    for mortal men to master and to drive,

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    for any but Achilles, whom an immortal mother bore.

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    Meanwhile warlike Menelaus, son of Atreus, standing over Patroclus,

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    has killed the finest of the Trojans,

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    Euphorbus, son of Panthous, and stopped his furious valor."

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    So he spoke, and the god went back again amid the toil of men.

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    But dread grief shrouded Hector's dark heart within him;

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    then he looked along the ranks and at once recognized

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    the one stripping away the splendid armor, and the other on the ground

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    lying there; blood ran from his open wound.

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    And he strode out through the front ranks, helmed in gleaming bronze,

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    crying sharply, like Hephaestus' flame,

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    unquenchable; nor did his piercing shout escape the son of Atreus,

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    then in anguish he spoke to his own great-hearted spirit:

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    "Ah me, if I leave behind the fine armor

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    and Patroclus, who lies here for the sake of my honor,

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    will not some Danaan who sees it be angry with me?

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    But if, ashamed to yield, I fight Hector and the Trojans alone,

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    may they not surround me, many against one?

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    For Hector of the flashing helm is bringing all the Trojans here.

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    But why has my dear spirit debated this with me?

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    Whenever a man chooses, against a divine power, to fight a warrior

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    whom a god honors, soon great ruin rolls upon him.

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    So no Danaan who sees me will be angry with me

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    for yielding to Hector, since he fights with a god's aid.

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    But if only I could hear word of Ajax, good at the war-cry,

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    then we two might turn back and remember battle-joy,

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    even against a divine power, if somehow we might save the corpse

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    for Achilles, son of Peleus; that would be best among these evils."

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    While he pondered these things in his mind and spirit,

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    the Trojan ranks came on, and Hector led them.

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    Menelaus drew backward and left the corpse,

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    turning again and again, like a bearded lion

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    whom dogs and men drive away from a stockyard

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    with spears and shouting; his bold heart within him

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    grows chilled, and unwillingly he goes from the inner fold;

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    so golden-haired Menelaus went away from Patroclus.

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    He turned and stood when he reached the company of his comrades,

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    scanning for great Ajax, son of Telamon.

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    He quickly noticed him on the left of the whole battle,

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    heartening his companions and urging them to fight,

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    for Phoebus Apollo had cast a wondrous panic among them.

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    He broke into a run, and at once stood beside him and spoke:

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    "Ajax, come here, dear friend, for dead Patroclus;

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    let us hasten, in hopes that we may carry the corpse to Achilles,

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    naked; but Hector of the flashing helm holds his armor."

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    So he spoke and stirred the warlike heart in Ajax;

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    he strode through the front ranks, and golden-haired Menelaus went with him.

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    When Hector had stripped the splendid armor from Patroclus,

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    he dragged him away to cut the head from his shoulders with sharp bronze,

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    and haul off the corpse and give it to the dogs of Troy.

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    Ajax came near, bearing a shield like a tower,

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    and Hector withdrew again into the throng of his comrades,

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    then leapt into his chariot; he gave the fine armor

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    to the Trojans to carry toward the city, to be great glory for himself.

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    Ajax covered the son of Menoetius with his broad shield

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    and stood over him like a lion over its own cubs,

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    when hunters meet him in the woods as he leads his little ones;

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    he swells in the pride of strength,

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    and draws his whole brow downward to cover his eyes;

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    so Ajax had planted himself over the hero Patroclus.

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    On the other side stood Menelaus, son of Atreus, dear to Ares,

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    nursing great sorrow within his breast.

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    Then Glaucus, son of Hippolochus, leader of the Lycian men,

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    glaring at him from under his brows, rebuked Hector with a harsh word:

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    "Hector, best in looks, how far short you fall in battle!

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    Surely your noble fame is empty, since you are a runaway.

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    Consider now how you may save the city and citadel

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    alone with the people who were born in Ilium;

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    for no Lycian will go to fight the Danaans

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    around the city, since there has been no thanks at all

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    for fighting enemy men always and without cease.

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    How would you save a lesser man amid the throng,

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    cruel man, when you left Sarpedon, both guest-friend and companion,

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    to become spoil and prey for the Argives,

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    though while alive he brought much aid to your city and to you?

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    Yet now you did not dare to keep the dogs away from him.

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    So now, if any of the Lycian men will heed me,

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    let us go home, and sheer destruction will befall Troy.

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    For if the Trojans now possessed a bold and steadfast strength,

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    fearless, such as enters men who for their homeland

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    have taken up toil and strife against hostile men,

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    we would quickly drag Patroclus within Ilium.

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    And if this dead man came to the great city of lord Priam,

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    and we dragged him from the fighting,

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    the Argives would quickly release Sarpedon's fine armor,

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    and we would bring Sarpedon himself within Ilium;

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    for the attendant of that man has been killed—the man who is far the best

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    of the Argives beside the ships—he and his close-fighting companions—

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    But you did not dare stand before great-hearted Ajax

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    and look him in the eyes amid the cry of enemies,

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    nor fight him head-on, since he is stronger than you."

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    Then, glaring at him from under his brows, Hector of the flashing helm spoke:

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    "Glaucus, why, being such a man, did you speak so arrogantly?

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    Ah, I thought you surpassed all others in understanding

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    of all who dwell in rich-soiled Lycia;

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    but now I wholly scorn your mind for what you have said,

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    when you say I will not face huge Ajax.

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    I do not shudder at battle or the din of horses;

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    but the mind of Zeus who bears the aegis is always stronger,

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    he puts even a valiant man to flight and takes away his victory

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    with ease, yet at another time himself urges him to fight.

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    But come here, friend, stand beside me and see the deed,

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    whether I will be a coward all day, as you declare,

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    or whether I shall stop some Danaan, however eager in valor,

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    from defending dead Patroclus."

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    So he spoke and called to the Trojans with a long, loud cry:

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    "Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians, close-fighters,

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    be men, my friends, and remember your furious valor,

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    while I put on the fine armor of blameless Achilles,

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    which I stripped by force from Patroclus after killing him."

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    So he spoke, and Hector of the flashing helm departed;

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    from the deadly war; running, he caught up with his comrades

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    very quickly, not yet far away, following with swift feet,

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    who were carrying the renowned armor of Peleus' son toward the city.

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    Standing apart from the tear-filled battle, he exchanged his armor.

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    His own he gave them to carry toward sacred Ilion

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    for the war-loving Trojans, while he put on the immortal armor

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    of Peleus' son Achilles, which the heavenly gods

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    had given his dear father; and he gave it to his son

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    when he grew old—but the son did not grow old in his father's armor.

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    When Zeus the cloud-gatherer saw him from afar

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    arming himself in the armor of the godlike son of Peleus,

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    he shook his head and spoke to his own heart:

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    "Ah, poor wretch, death is nowhere in your thoughts,

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    though it is already drawing near you; yet you put on the immortal armor

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    of the best of men, whom even others tremble before.

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    His companion, gentle and mighty, you have slain,

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    and not in fitting order did you strip the armor from his head and shoulders.

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    But now I shall place great might in your hands,

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    in recompense for this, since you will never return from battle,

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    and Andromache will not receive from you the renowned armor of Peleus' son."

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    So he spoke, and the son of Cronos bowed his head, his dark brows lowering;

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    The armor fitted Hector's body, and Ares entered him,

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    terrible Enyalius; all his limbs within were filled

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    with valor and strength, and among the glorious allies

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    he went with a mighty shout; to all of them he seemed

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    the great-hearted son of Peleus, blazing in his armor.

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    He went to each man and urged him on with words—

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    Mesthles and Glaucus and Medon and Thersilochus,

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    Asteropaeus and Deisenor and Hippothous,

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    Phorcys and Chromius and Ennomus the reader of birds;

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    urging them on, he addressed them with winged words:

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    "Hear me, countless tribes of allies dwelling round about.

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    For it was not seeking numbers, nor from want,

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    that I gathered each of you here from your cities,

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    but so that the Trojan wives and helpless children

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    you would defend with ready heart from the war-loving Achaeans.

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    With this in mind I wear my people down with gifts and food,

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    and stir up the spirit of each one of you.

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    Therefore let each turn straight on now, and either perish

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    or be saved; for that is the close encounter of war.

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    And whoever, even though Patroclus is dead,

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    drags him among the horse-taming Trojans and Ajax gives way to him,

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    to him I will allot half the spoils, while half myself

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    I shall keep; and his glory will be as great as mine."

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    So he spoke, and they went straight at the Danaans, leaning their weight forward

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    with spears raised; and their hearts had high hopes

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    of dragging the corpse from under Ajax, son of Telamon—

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    fools; for over it he took the lives of many.

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    Then Ajax spoke to Menelaus, loud in the war-cry:

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    "Dear Menelaus, nurtured of Zeus, I no longer

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    expect that we ourselves will return from battle.

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    I do not so much fear for Patroclus' corpse,

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    which will soon glut the dogs and birds of Troy,

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    as I fear for my own head, lest harm come to it,

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    and yours, since Hector wraps the cloud of war around everything,

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    and sheer destruction now rises before us.

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    But come, call the princes of the Danaans, if anyone can hear."

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    So he spoke, and Menelaus, loud in the war-cry, did not disobey.

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    There he cried in a piercing voice to the Danaans: "

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    Friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,

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    you who beside the sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus,

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    drink the public wine and each command

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    your peoples; and from Zeus follow honor and glory.

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    It is hard for me to make out each man

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    among the leaders, so great the strife of war has blazed.

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    But let each come of himself, and in his heart feel shame

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    that Patroclus should become a plaything for the dogs of Troy."

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    So he spoke, and swift Ajax, son of Oileus, heard clearly;

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    first he came running to meet them through the battle,

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    and after him Idomeneus and Idomeneus's companion,

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    Meriones, the equal of man-slaying Enyalius;

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    Of the others, who in his own mind could name the names,

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    of all who later roused the Achaeans' battle?

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    The Trojans struck first, massed together; Hector led.

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    As when at the mouth of a heaven-fed river

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    a great wave roars against the stream, and all around the jutting

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    shores resound as the sea bellows outward,

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    so with such a cry the Trojans came. But the Achaeans

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    stood about the son of Menoetius with one heart,

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    fenced in with bronze-fitted shields; and around their

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    gleaming helmets the son of Cronos poured a heavy mist,

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    for he had not hated the son of Menoetius before,

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    while alive he was attendant of the son of Aeacus.

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    And he hated that he should become prey for the dogs of his foes,

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    the Trojans; therefore he roused his comrades to defend him.

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    The Trojans were first to drive back the bright-eyed Achaeans;

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    leaving the corpse, they drew back, but none of them

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    did the high-hearted Trojans slay with spears, eager though they were,

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    but they drew off the corpse; yet not for long would the Achaeans

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    remain away from it, for Ajax swiftly rallied them,

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    who in looks and deeds was foremost

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    of all the other Danaans, after the blameless son of Peleus;

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    He charged through the front ranks, in valor like a wild boar,

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    which in the mountains scatters dogs and strong young men

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    with ease, wheeling among wooded glens;

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    so glorious Ajax, son of noble Telamon,

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    came among them with ease and scattered the Trojan battalions

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    who had bestrode Patroclus and were most intent

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    on dragging him toward their own city and winning glory.

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    But the glorious son of the Pelasgian Lethus,

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    Hippothous dragged him by the foot through the mighty conflict,

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    binding a strap around the ankle beside the sinews,

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    to win favor with Hector and the Trojans; but swiftly evil

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    came upon him, and none could ward it off, though they strove.

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    Then the son of Telamon sprang at him through the crowd

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    and struck him hand-to-hand through the bronze-cheeked helmet.

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    The horsehair-crested helmet split around the spearpoint,

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    struck by the great spear and the thick hand,

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    and the bloody brain gushed from the wound beside the crest-socket.

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    His strength was loosed there; from his hands he let

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    the foot of great-hearted Patroclus fall

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    to lie on the ground; and close beside him he fell face-down upon the corpse,

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    far from rich-soiled Larisa; yet he did not repay his own parents

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    the debt of his upbringing, for his life was brief,

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    cut short beneath the spear of great-hearted Ajax.

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    Hector in turn cast his shining spear at Ajax;

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    But he, seeing it before him, avoided the bronze spear

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    by a little; but it struck Schedius, son of great-hearted Iphitus,

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    far best of the Phocians, who in famous Panopeus

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    dwelt in his home, ruling over many men.

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    He struck him beneath the middle collarbone; straight through him the point

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    of bronze came out beside the lowest part of the shoulder.

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    He fell with a thud, and his armor clattered upon him.

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    Ajax in turn struck warlike Phorcys, son of Phaenops,

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    in the middle belly as he stood over Hippothous;

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    and shattered the plate of his corselet, and the bronze

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    gushed through his guts; and he fell in the dust and clutched the ground with his hand.

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    The front fighters gave ground, and glorious Hector with them;

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    the Argives shouted loud and dragged away the corpses

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    of Phorcys and Hippothous, and stripped the armor from their shoulders.

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    Then the Trojans would again, beneath the Achaeans dear to Ares,

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    have climbed back into Ilion, broken by their weakness,

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    while the Argives would have won glory even beyond the will of Zeus

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    by their own might and strength; but Apollo himself

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    roused Aeneas, taking the form of Periphas,

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    the herald, son of Epytus, who beside Aeneas's aged father

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    had grown old as herald, knowing counsels dear to his heart;

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    In his likeness Apollo, son of Zeus, addressed Aeneas:

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    "Aeneas, how could you save steep Ilion even against a god?

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    So I have seen other men

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    trusting in their might and strength and manhood,

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    and in their own force, though the people they had were very few.

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    But Zeus wills victory far more for us than for the Danaans,

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    yet you yourselves flee endlessly and do not fight."

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    So he spoke, and Aeneas knew far-shooting Apollo

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    when he looked straight at him, and he shouted loudly to Hector:

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    "Hector, and you other leaders of the Trojans and their allies,

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    shame upon us now if beneath the Achaeans dear to Ares

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    we climb back into Ilion, beaten by our cowardice.

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    For even now one of the gods, standing close beside me, says

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    that Zeus, highest counselor, stands as our helper in battle.

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    Therefore let us go straight at the Danaans, and may they not at ease

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    bring dead Patroclus near the ships."

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    So he spoke, and leaping far before the front fighters, he took his stand.

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    They wheeled about and stood facing the Achaeans;

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    Then Aeneas struck Leocritus with his spear,

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    son of Arisbas, the loyal companion of Lycomedes.

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    Lycomedes, dear to Ares, pitied him as he fell,

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    he came and stood very near, then cast his shining spear

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    and struck Apisaon, son of Hippasus, shepherd of the people,

  349. 349

    in the liver below the midriff, and at once loosed his knees.

  350. 350

    He had come from rich-soiled Paeonia,

  351. 351

    and after Asteropaeus he was foremost in battle.

  352. 352

    Warlike Asteropaeus pitied him as he fell,

  353. 353

    and he too charged eagerly forward to fight the Danaans;

  354. 354

    but he could no longer do so, for they were fenced on every side with shields,

  355. 355

    standing around Patroclus, with their spears held out before them.

  356. 356

    For Ajax went among them all, laying many commands:

  357. 357

    he ordered no man to give ground behind the corpse

  358. 358

    and no Achaean to fight out in front beyond the rest,

  359. 359

    but to stand close around it and fight at close range.

  360. 360

    So huge Ajax commanded, and the earth

  361. 361

    was drenched with dark-red blood; the dead fell thick together,

  362. 362

    Trojans and their exceedingly mighty allies alike,

  363. 363

    and Danaans; for they too did not fight without blood,

  364. 364

    but far fewer of them died, for they always remembered

  365. 365

    to ward sheer death from one another through the throng.

  366. 366

    So they fought like fire itself; you would not have said

  367. 367

    that either sun or moon still remained unharmed,

  368. 368

    for mist held down all that part of the battle where the best

  369. 369

    stood around the dead son of Menoetius.

  370. 370

    But the other Trojans and well-greaved Achaeans

  371. 371

    fought at ease under clear sky, and the sharp light

  372. 372

    of the sun spread out; no cloud showed over all

  373. 373

    the earth or mountains. They fought with pauses,

  374. 374

    keeping clear of one another's grievous missiles

  375. 375

    and standing far apart. But those between them suffered pain

  376. 376

    from mist and war, worn down by pitiless bronze,

  377. 377

    all who were best. Yet two renowned warriors had not learned the news,

  378. 378

    Thrasymedes and Antilochus,

  379. 379

    that blameless Patroclus was dead; they still thought

  380. 380

    he fought alive in the foremost Trojan tumult.

  381. 381

    Watching for the death and rout of their comrades, the two

  382. 382

    fought apart, for so Nestor had commanded them

  383. 383

    when he urged them into war from the black ships.

  384. 384

    For them all day the great strife of harsh contention rose;

  385. 385

    with toil and sweat, without cease,

  386. 386

    the knees and shins and feet beneath each man,

  387. 387

    and hands and eyes were fouled; fighting, the two sides

  388. 388

    surged around the good attendant of the swift-footed son of Aeacus;

  389. 389

    As when a man gives the hide of a great bull

  390. 390

    to his men to stretch, soaked through with fat,

  391. 391

    and taking it, they stand apart and stretch it

  392. 392

    in a circle; at once its moisture goes and the fat sinks in

  393. 393

    as many men pull, and the whole hide is stretched straight through —

  394. 394

    so there, in a narrow space, both sides

  395. 395

    dragged the corpse this way and that; their hearts strongly hoped,

  396. 396

    the Trojans to haul it toward Ilion, but the Achaeans

  397. 397

    toward the hollow ships; around it rose a savage

  398. 398

    struggle. Neither Ares, rouser of hosts, nor Athena

  399. 399

    would have scorned it at the sight, not even if wrath seized them.

  400. 400

    Such evil toil of men and horses Zeus stretched out

  401. 401

    around Patroclus that day. And not yet

  402. 402

    did godlike Achilles know that Patroclus was dead,

  403. 403

    for they fought far from the swift ships,

  404. 404

    beneath the Trojan wall. His heart never expected

  405. 405

    that Patroclus had died, but that he would come alive near the gates

  406. 406

    and return again, since he had no sure hope

  407. 407

    that Patroclus would sack the citadel without him, or with him either;

  408. 408

    for often, hearing alone, he had learned this from his mother,

  409. 409

    who would tell him the purpose of great Zeus.

  410. 410

    But this time his mother had not told him of an evil so great,

  411. 411

    that the companion far dearest to him had perished.

  412. 412

    Still they pressed without cease around the corpse, holding pointed spears,

  413. 413

    and killed one another; and so one bronze-clad Achaean

  414. 414

    would say:

  415. 415

    "Friends, it will bring us no glory to return

  416. 416

    to the hollow ships. Let the black earth here

  417. 417

    gape for us all; that would at once be far better

  418. 418

    than if we yield this man to the horse-taming Trojans

  419. 419

    to drag toward their own city and carry off glory."

  420. 420

    And so in turn one of the great-hearted Trojans would cry:

  421. 421

    "Friends, though it is our fate to be slain beside this man,

  422. 422

    all alike, let no man yet draw back from war."

  423. 423

    So one would speak, and rouse the strength of every man.

  424. 424

    So they fought, and the iron din

  425. 425

    rose through the barren air to the bronze heaven.

  426. 426

    But the horses of the son of Aeacus, apart from the battle,

  427. 427

    wept from the moment they learned that their charioteer

  428. 428

    had fallen in the dust beneath man-slaying Hector.

  429. 429

    Indeed Automedon, the valiant son of Diores,

  430. 430

    often lunged at them, striking with the swift whip,

  431. 431

    often addressed them with coaxing words and often with threats;

  432. 432

    but the two would neither go back to the ships on the broad Hellespont

  433. 433

    nor go into war among the Achaeans,

  434. 434

    but as a grave-marker stands fixed upon the mound

  435. 435

    of a dead man or woman,

  436. 436

    so they stood immovable, holding the beautiful chariot,

  437. 437

    their heads bowed to the ground; from their eyes

  438. 438

    hot tears ran down to earth as they mourned

  439. 439

    in longing for their charioteer; their thick manes were fouled,

  440. 440

    streaming from the yoke-pad beside the yoke on either side.

  441. 441

    The son of Cronos saw the two mourning and pitied them;

  442. 442

    he shook his head and spoke to his own heart:

  443. 443

    "Poor creatures, why did we give you to lord Peleus,

  444. 444

    a mortal, while you are ageless and immortal?

  445. 445

    Was it so that among wretched men you too should have grief?

  446. 446

    For surely there is nothing more miserable than man

  447. 447

    among all things that breathe and crawl upon the earth.

  448. 448

    But Hector, son of Priam, shall never ride

  449. 449

    upon you and your cunningly wrought chariot; I will not allow it.

  450. 450

    Is it not enough that he holds the armor and boasts in vain?

  451. 451

    I shall put strength into the knees and hearts of you two,

  452. 452

    so that you may bring Automedon safely out of battle

  453. 453

    to the hollow ships. For still I shall grant the Trojans glory

  454. 454

    to kill until they reach the well-benched ships

  455. 455

    and the sun goes down and sacred darkness comes on."

  456. 456

    So speaking, he breathed good strength into the horses.

  457. 457

    The two shook the dust from their manes to the ground

  458. 458

    and swiftly bore the racing chariot among Trojans and Achaeans.

  459. 459

    Upon it Automedon fought, though grieving for his companion,

  460. 460

    darting with his horses like a vulture among geese;

  461. 461

    for easily he would flee out from under the Trojan din,

  462. 462

    and easily charge back through the great throng in pursuit.

  463. 463

    But he killed no men when he rushed to chase them,

  464. 464

    for there was no way, alone in the sacred chariot,

  465. 465

    both to press with the spear and hold the swift horses in check.

  466. 466

    At last a companion saw him with his own eyes,

  467. 467

    Alcimedon, son of Laerces, son of Haemon;

  468. 468

    he stood behind the chariot and addressed Automedon:

  469. 469

    "Automedon, which of the gods has put a profitless plan

  470. 470

    in your breast and taken away your good sense?

  471. 471

    See how you fight the Trojans in the foremost throng,

  472. 472

    alone. Your companion has been killed, while Hector

  473. 473

    himself exults with the armor of the son of Aeacus upon his shoulders."

  474. 474

    Then Automedon, son of Diores, answered him:

  475. 475

    "Alcimedon, what other Achaean is your equal

  476. 476

    in holding the immortal horses and mastering their strength,

  477. 477

    except Patroclus, a counselor equal to the gods,

  478. 478

    while he lived? Now death and fate have overtaken him.

  479. 479

    But take the whip and the shining reins,

  480. 480

    and I shall dismount from the horses so that I may fight."

  481. 481

    So he spoke, and Alcimedon sprang upon the war-helping chariot

  482. 482

    and swiftly took whip and reins in his hands,

  483. 483

    while Automedon leapt down. Glorious Hector saw it

  484. 484

    and at once called to Aeneas, who stood near:

  485. 485

    "Aeneas, counselor of the bronze-clad Trojans,

  486. 486

    I see here the two horses of the swift-footed son of Aeacus

  487. 487

    come forth into battle with worthless charioteers.

  488. 488

    I would hope that we might take them, if your own heart

  489. 489

    is willing, since if we charge together, the two of them would not

  490. 490

    dare stand against us and fight face to face in war."

  491. 491

    So he spoke, and the noble son of Anchises did not disobey.

  492. 492

    The two went straight forward, their shoulders wrapped in oxhides

  493. 493

    dry and tough, with much bronze hammered over them.

  494. 494

    With them went Chromius and godlike Aretus,

  495. 495

    both together; and their hearts strongly hoped

  496. 496

    to kill the two men and drive off the high-necked horses —

  497. 497

    fools, for they were not fated to return without blood

  498. 498

    from Automedon. He prayed to father Zeus

  499. 499

    and filled the dark heart within him with valor and strength.

  500. 500

    At once he addressed Alcimedon, his trusted companion:

  501. 501

    "Alcimedon, do not hold the horses far from me,

  502. 502

    but keep them breathing hard upon my back. For I do not think

  503. 503

    Hector, son of Priam, will hold back from his fury

  504. 504

    until he mounts Achilles' lovely-maned horses

  505. 505

    after killing us two, and routs the ranks

  506. 506

    of the Argives — or he himself is taken among the foremost."

  507. 507

    So he spoke, and called to the two Ajaxes and Menelaus:

  508. 508

    "You two Ajaxes, leaders of the Argives, and Menelaus,

  509. 509

    leave the corpse to those who are best

  510. 510

    at standing around it and beating back the ranks of men,

  511. 511

    and from the two of us, still alive, ward off the pitiless day.

  512. 512

    For this way, through tearful war, they have borne down hard,

  513. 513

    Hector and Aeneas, who are the best of the Trojans.

  514. 514

    Yet these things lie upon the knees of the gods.

  515. 515

    I too will cast, and Zeus shall care for all the rest."

  516. 516

    So he spoke, and poising it, hurled his long-shadowed spear,

  517. 517

    and struck the shield of Aretus, round on every side;

  518. 518

    the shield did not hold the spear, but the bronze passed clean through

  519. 519

    and drove through the belt into the bottom of his belly.

  520. 520

    As when a vigorous man with a sharp axe

  521. 521

    strikes behind the horns of a field-ranging ox

  522. 522

    and cuts the sinew through, and the ox leaps forward and falls,

  523. 523

    so he leapt forward and fell on his back; within him the spear,

  524. 524

    keenly quivering among his bowels, unstrung his limbs.

  525. 525

    Then Hector cast his shining spear at Automedon;

  526. 526

    But he, seeing it before him, avoided the bronze spear;

  527. 527

    by stooping forward; behind him the long spear

  528. 528

    planted itself in the ground, and the butt of the spear quivered;

  529. 529

    and there at last mighty Ares loosed its force.

  530. 530

    And now the two would have rushed together with swords at close quarters,

  531. 531

    had not the two Ajaxes, eager for battle, parted them,

  532. 532

    coming through the press at their comrade's call.

  533. 533

    In fear of them, they gave ground again,

  534. 534

    Hector and Aeneas and godlike Chromius,

  535. 535

    and left Aretus lying where he was, his heart torn open.

  536. 536

    But Automedon, the equal of swift Ares,

  537. 537

    stripped off his armor and spoke a word of triumph:

  538. 538

    "Now at last I have eased my heart a little of its grief

  539. 539

    for the death of Menoetius' son, though I killed a lesser man."

  540. 540

    So he spoke, took up the bloodied spoils, and set them

  541. 541

    in the chariot; then he mounted, his feet and hands above

  542. 542

    all bloody, like a lion that has devoured a bull.

  543. 543

    Again over Patroclus the grim battle was stretched tight,

  544. 544

    hard and full of tears; and Athena roused the strife,

  545. 545

    coming down from heaven, for wide-thundering Zeus had sent her

  546. 546

    to spur the Danaans on, since now his purpose had turned.

  547. 547

    As when Zeus stretches a purple rainbow for mortals

  548. 548

    from heaven, a sign of war

  549. 549

    or of a bitter, chilling storm, which brings men

  550. 550

    to rest from their work upon the earth and afflicts the flocks,

  551. 551

    so she wrapped herself in a purple cloud

  552. 552

    and entered the Achaean host, rousing man after man.

  553. 553

    First she addressed the mighty son of Atreus, urging on

  554. 554

    Menelaus, for he was standing near her,

  555. 555

    in the likeness of Phoenix, in body and tireless voice:

  556. 556

    "Menelaus, shame and disgrace will fall on you

  557. 557

    if swift dogs beneath Troy's wall drag off

  558. 558

    the trusted companion of glorious Achilles.

  559. 559

    But hold fast with all your strength, and urge the whole host."

  560. 560

    Then Menelaus, good at the war-cry, answered her:

  561. 561

    "Father Phoenix, ancient elder, if only Athena

  562. 562

    would give me strength and hold back the rush of missiles.

  563. 563

    Then I would gladly stand beside Patroclus

  564. 564

    and defend him, for his death has struck deep into my heart.

  565. 565

    But Hector has the dread fury of fire and never ceases

  566. 566

    laying waste with bronze, for Zeus grants him glory."

  567. 567

    So he spoke, and the goddess bright-eyed Athena rejoiced,

  568. 568

    because he had prayed to her first of all the gods.

  569. 569

    She put strength into his shoulders and knees,

  570. 570

    and set in his breast the daring of a fly,

  571. 571

    which, though driven again and again from a man's skin,

  572. 572

    still hungers to bite, for human blood tastes sweet to it.

  573. 573

    With such daring she filled the dark heart within him.

  574. 574

    He strode over Patroclus and cast his shining spear.

  575. 575

    Among the Trojans was Podes, son of Eetion,

  576. 576

    a rich and worthy man; above all his people Hector honored him,

  577. 577

    for he was his dear companion at the feast.

  578. 578

    Golden-haired Menelaus struck him through the belt

  579. 579

    as he darted into flight, and drove the bronze clean through.

  580. 580

    He crashed down as he fell; then Menelaus, son of Atreus,

  581. 581

    dragged the corpse from under the Trojans into the host of his comrades.

  582. 582

    Then Apollo stood close beside Hector and urged him on,

  583. 583

    in the likeness of Phaenops, son of Asius, who of all

  584. 584

    his guest-friends was dearest, dwelling in his home at Abydos.

  585. 585

    Taking his shape, Apollo the far-worker said:

  586. 586

    "Hector, what other Achaean will ever fear you now?

  587. 587

    See how you shrank from Menelaus, who before this

  588. 588

    was a feeble spearman; now he has gone alone, carrying

  589. 589

    a corpse from under the Trojans, and has killed your trusted comrade,

  590. 590

    Podes, Eetion's son, a brave man among the front fighters."

  591. 591

    So he spoke, and a black cloud of grief covered him.

  592. 592

    And he strode out through the front ranks, helmed in gleaming bronze.

  593. 593

    Then the son of Cronos took up the tasselled aegis,

  594. 594

    flashing bright, and covered Ida in clouds;

  595. 595

    he blazed with lightning, thundered with a mighty crash, and shook it,

  596. 596

    giving victory to the Trojans and routing the Achaeans.

  597. 597

    Peneleos the Boeotian was first to lead the rout.

  598. 598

    For as he kept facing forward, a spear struck the very edge

  599. 599

    of his shoulder with a glancing blow; to the bone

  600. 600

    the point of Polydamas scraped him, for he had come close and cast.

  601. 601

    Then Hector wounded Leitus at close quarters, in the arm at the wrist,

  602. 602

    the son of great-hearted Alectryon, and stopped him from battle.

  603. 603

    He shrank back, glancing about, since in his heart he no longer hoped

  604. 604

    to hold a spear in his hand and fight the Trojans.

  605. 605

    But as Hector rushed after Leitus, Idomeneus

  606. 606

    struck his corselet on the chest beside the nipple;

  607. 607

    the long spear broke at the socket, and the Trojans shouted.

  608. 608

    Then Hector cast at Idomeneus, son of Deucalion,

  609. 609

    standing upon his chariot, and missed him by only a little;

  610. 610

    but he struck Meriones' companion and charioteer,

  611. 611

    Koiranus, who had followed him from well-built Lyctus.

  612. 612

    For Idomeneus had first come on foot, leaving the curved ships,

  613. 613

    and would have handed great power to the Trojans,

  614. 614

    had not Koiranus swiftly driven up the fleet-footed horses.

  615. 615

    To him he brought the light and warded off the pitiless day,

  616. 616

    but lost his own life beneath man-slaying Hector.

  617. 617

    Hector struck him below the jaw and ear; the spear's butt

  618. 618

    drove out his teeth and cut his tongue through the middle.

  619. 619

    He fell from the chariot and spilled the reins upon the ground.

  620. 620

    Meriones bent down from the chariot and caught them

  621. 621

    from the plain in his own hands, and called to Idomeneus:

  622. 622

    "Use the whip now, until you reach the swift ships.

  623. 623

    You yourself know the Achaeans have no strength left."

  624. 624

    So he spoke, and Idomeneus lashed the lovely-maned horses

  625. 625

    toward the hollow ships, for fear had fallen on his heart.

  626. 626

    Nor did great-hearted Ajax and Menelaus fail to see

  627. 627

    that Zeus was giving the Trojans victory that changed the fight.

  628. 628

    Great Telamonian Ajax began speaking among them:

  629. 629

    "Shame! By now even a man who is an utter fool

  630. 630

    can see that father Zeus himself is helping the Trojans.

  631. 631

    Every missile of theirs finds its mark, whoever casts it,

  632. 632

    coward or brave; Zeus guides them all alike,

  633. 633

    while all of ours fall useless to the ground.

  634. 634

    Come, let us ourselves devise the best plan,

  635. 635

    both how we may drag away the corpse and how we ourselves

  636. 636

    may return and become a joy to our dear comrades,

  637. 637

    who must be looking this way in anguish and no longer think they can make

  638. 638

    the fury and irresistible hands of man-slaying Hector

  639. 639

    hold back, but will fall upon the black ships.

  640. 640

    If only some comrade could carry word with all speed

  641. 641

    to Peleus' son, for I do not think he has even heard

  642. 642

    the bitter news that his dear companion has died.

  643. 643

    But nowhere can I see any such Achaean,

  644. 644

    for men and horses alike are held in fog.

  645. 645

    Father Zeus, rescue the sons of the Achaeans from the murk,

  646. 646

    make the sky clear, and grant our eyes to see;

  647. 647

    and in the light destroy us, since this is your pleasure."

  648. 648

    So he spoke; the father pitied him as he wept,

  649. 649

    and at once scattered the murk and drove away the mist.

  650. 650

    The sun shone out, and all the battle came to light.

  651. 651

    Then Ajax spoke to Menelaus, loud in the war-cry:

  652. 652

    "Look now, Zeus-nurtured Menelaus, and see if you can find

  653. 653

    Antilochus still alive, the son of great-hearted Nestor,

  654. 654

    and urge him to go quickly to warlike Achilles

  655. 655

    and tell him that his far dearest companion has died."

  656. 656

    So he spoke, and Menelaus, loud in the war-cry, did not disobey.

  657. 657

    He set out like a lion leaving a cattle-yard,

  658. 658

    who, when he has worn himself out provoking dogs and men who confront him

  659. 659

    and will not let him seize the cattle's fat,

  660. 660

    keeping watch all night; and craving flesh,

  661. 661

    he charges straight on, but gains nothing, for spears in a mass

  662. 662

    fly against him from bold hands,

  663. 663

    and burning brands, which he fears, eager though he is;

  664. 664

    at dawn he goes far away, his heart in pain.

  665. 665

    So from Patroclus Menelaus, good at the war-cry,

  666. 666

    went away, much against his will; for he greatly feared the Achaeans

  667. 667

    might leave him as spoil for the enemy in their harsh rout.

  668. 668

    He laid many commands on Meriones and the two Ajaxes:

  669. 669

    "You two Ajaxes, leaders of the Argives, and Meriones,

  670. 670

    now let each man remember the kindness of poor Patroclus,

  671. 671

    for while he lived he knew how to be gentle to all.

  672. 672

    Now death and fate have overtaken him."

  673. 673

    So speaking, golden-haired Menelaus went away,

  674. 674

    looking everywhere, like an eagle, which they say

  675. 675

    has the keenest sight of all the birds beneath the sky;

  676. 676

    though it is high aloft, the swift-footed hare does not escape it,

  677. 677

    lying beneath a thick-leaved bush, but down upon it

  678. 678

    the eagle swoops, quickly seizes it, and takes away its life.

  679. 679

    So then, Menelaus, nurtured of Zeus, your two bright eyes

  680. 680

    ranged everywhere through the throng of your many companions,

  681. 681

    in hope of seeing Nestor's son still alive.

  682. 682

    He quickly noticed him on the left of the whole battle,

  683. 683

    heartening his companions and urging them to fight,

  684. 684

    and golden-haired Menelaus stood close beside him and spoke:

  685. 685

    "Antilochus, come here, nurtured of Zeus, and learn

  686. 686

    grievous news, which ought never to have happened.

  687. 687

    I think that you yourself, looking on,

  688. 688

    already know that a god is rolling disaster upon the Danaans

  689. 689

    and victory belongs to the Trojans; the best of the Achaeans has been slain,

  690. 690

    Patroclus, and a great loss has come upon the Danaans.

  691. 691

    But run quickly to Achilles beside the ships of the Achaeans

  692. 692

    and tell him, in hope that he may quickly bring the corpse safe to his ship,

  693. 693

    naked; but Hector of the flashing helm holds his armor."

  694. 694

    So he spoke, and Antilochus shuddered at hearing his words.

  695. 695

    For a long while speechlessness held him; his two eyes

  696. 696

    filled with tears, and his strong voice was checked.

  697. 697

    Yet even so he did not neglect Menelaus' command.

  698. 698

    He set out running, and gave his armor to his blameless companion,

  699. 699

    Laodocus, who close beside him wheeled the single-hooved horses.

  700. 700

    His feet bore him weeping out of the fighting

  701. 701

    to carry the evil news to Achilles, son of Peleus.

  702. 702

    Nor, Menelaus, nurtured of Zeus, did your heart desire

  703. 703

    to defend the hard-pressed companions from whom Antilochus had gone,

  704. 704

    and a great loss had come upon the Pylians;

  705. 705

    but he sent godlike Thrasymedes among them,

  706. 706

    while he himself went back to the hero Patroclus.

  707. 707

    He ran and stood beside the two Ajaxes, and at once addressed them:

  708. 708

    "I have sent that man forward to the swift ships

  709. 709

    to go to swift-footed Achilles; but I do not think he will

  710. 710

    come now, however angry he may be with godlike Hector,

  711. 711

    for he could not fight the Trojans while naked.

  712. 712

    But let us ourselves devise the best plan,

  713. 713

    both how we may drag away the corpse and how we ourselves

  714. 714

    may escape death and fate from the Trojans' battle-cry."

  715. 715

    Then great Telamonian Ajax answered him:

  716. 716

    "All that you have said is right, glorious Menelaus.

  717. 717

    But you and Meriones stoop down very quickly,

  718. 718

    lift the corpse, and bear it from the toil; behind you

  719. 719

    we two will fight the Trojans and godlike Hector,

  720. 720

    equal in spirit and bearing the same name, we who before now

  721. 721

    have stood side by side and endured sharp Ares."

  722. 722

    So he spoke; the two took the corpse in their arms from the ground

  723. 723

    and raised it very high with a mighty effort; behind them the Trojan

  724. 724

    host cried out when they saw the Achaeans lifting the corpse.

  725. 725

    They charged straight on like dogs that rush upon a wounded boar

  726. 726

    before a band of young huntsmen.

  727. 727

    For as long as they run, eager to tear him apart,

  728. 728

    but when he wheels among them, trusting in his strength,

  729. 729

    they draw back again and scatter in fear, each a different way.

  730. 730

    So the Trojans, as long as they followed always in a mass,

  731. 731

    stabbing with swords and double-pointed spears

  732. 732

    but when the two Ajaxes turned about against them

  733. 733

    and stood fast, their skin changed color, and no one dared

  734. 734

    spring forward and struggle for the corpse.

  735. 735

    So the two, straining hard, bore the corpse from the fighting

  736. 736

    toward the hollow ships; and war was stretched tight around them,

  737. 737

    savage as fire that, rushing upon a city of men,

  738. 738

    suddenly flares up; houses waste away

  739. 739

    in the great blaze, while the force of the wind roars over it.

  740. 740

    So the ceaseless clamor of horses and spearmen

  741. 741

    came upon them as they went.

  742. 742

    And as mules, clothing themselves in mighty strength,

  743. 743

    drag down from a mountain along a rugged track

  744. 744

    a beam or a great piece of timber for a ship, and their hearts

  745. 745

    are worn together by toil and sweat as they hurry on,

  746. 746

    so the two, straining hard, bore the corpse. Behind them

  747. 747

    the two Ajaxes held the enemy back, as a wooded ridge,

  748. 748

    stretching unbroken across a plain, holds back water,

  749. 749

    and checks the grievous streams even of mighty rivers,

  750. 750

    turning the course of them all at once toward the plain;

  751. 751

    nor do the flowing rivers break it with their strength.

  752. 752

    So the two Ajaxes always held back the Trojan battle behind them.

  753. 753

    Yet they followed close, and foremost among them were two,

  754. 754

    Aeneas, son of Anchises, and glorious Hector.

  755. 755

    As a cloud of starlings or jackdaws comes on

  756. 756

    shrieking ruinously when they see a hawk coming,

  757. 757

    which brings death to small birds,

  758. 758

    so before Aeneas and Hector the young Achaeans

  759. 759

    went on with ruinous cries and forgot the joy of battle.

  760. 760

    Much fine armor fell around and about the trench

  761. 761

    as the Danaans fled, and there was no pause in the fighting.

The particulars

The text
Ἰλιάς, Homer. The Patrocleia.
Translation
Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.