The Iliad 1732 Studios

Ancient Greek · The Ransom of Hector

Ἰλιάδος Ψ

Book 23. The Funeral Games for Patroclus

The funeral of Patroclus. His ghost visits Achilles. The Greeks hold games in his honor.

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    So they lamented through the city; but the Achaeans,

    Metre

    ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to στενάχοντο
    οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of στενάχοντο
    μὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particle
    στενάχοντοgroaningστενάχω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb
    κατὰthroughκατά · prepositionpreposition
    πτόλινthe cityπόλις · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰ
    αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particle
    ἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἵκοντο
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    when they had reached the ships and the Hellespont,

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    They scattered, each man to his own ship,

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    but Achilles would not let the Myrmidons scatter.

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    Instead he addressed his war-loving companions:

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    "Myrmidons, swift with horses, my trusty companions,

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    let us not yet loose our single-hoofed horses from the chariots,

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    but with the horses and chariots themselves let us draw near

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    and mourn Patroclus; for that is the honor due the dead.

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    But when we have taken our fill of bitter lament,

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    we shall loose the horses and all take supper here."

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    So he spoke, and they wailed together, Achilles leading.

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    Three times around the corpse they drove their lovely-maned horses,

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    weeping; and among them Thetis stirred desire for lament.

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    The sands were wet, and wet were the warriors' arms

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    with tears; so deeply they missed that master of rout.

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    The son of Peleus led them in the piercing dirge,

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    laying his man-slaying hands upon his companion's chest

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    "Farewell, Patroclus, even in the house of Hades.

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    All that I promised you before I now fulfill:

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    I shall drag Hector here and give him raw for dogs to tear,

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    and before your pyre cut the throats of twelve glorious Trojan youths,

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    in wrath at your death.

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    So he spoke, and devised shameful treatment for godlike Hector:

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    he stretched him face down in the dust beside the bier

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    of Menoetius' son. Each man stripped off his armor,

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    the gleaming bronze, and loosed the high-necked horses,

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    and by the ship of the fleet-footed son of Aeacus

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    they sat in thousands; and he gave them a funeral feast to satisfy the heart.

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    Many white cattle bellowed around the iron

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    as they were slaughtered, and many sheep and bleating goats;

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    and many white-tusked swine, rich with fat,

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    were singed and stretched across the flame of Hephaestus,

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    everywhere around the corpse, blood ran deep enough to fill cups.

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    But the Achaean kings led the lord, the fleet son of Peleus,

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    to godlike Agamemnon,

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    persuading him only with effort, for his heart raged over his companion.

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    When they came on their way to Agamemnon's shelter,

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    at once they ordered the clear-voiced heralds

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    to set a great tripod over the fire, in hope they might persuade

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    the son of Peleus to wash away the bloody gore.

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    But he refused steadfastly and swore an oath besides:

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    "No, by Zeus, who is highest and best of the gods,

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    it is not right for washing-water to come near my head

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    before I place Patroclus in the fire, heap up his mound,

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    and cut my hair; for never again will grief like this

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    reach my heart while I remain among the living.

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    Yet now let us submit to the hateful feast;

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    but at dawn, Agamemnon, lord of men, command them

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    to bring wood and provide all that is fitting

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    for one who has died to go beneath the misty dark,

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    so that tireless fire may burn him quickly

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    from our sight, and the people turn to their work."

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    So he spoke, and they listened closely and obeyed him.

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    Each man swiftly made his supper ready,

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    they feasted, and no heart lacked its share of the fair-shared feast.

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    But when they had put from them the desire for drink and food,

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    the others went each to his shelter to lie down,

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    but the son of Peleus lay on the shore of the loud-roaring sea,

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    groaning heavily among his many Myrmidons,

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    in an open place where waves washed over the strand.

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    When sleep seized him, easing the cares of his heart,

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    sweet sleep poured around him; for his splendid limbs were utterly weary

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    from chasing Hector toward windy Ilion,

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    the shade of poor Patroclus came to him,

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    like him in every way—in stature and lovely eyes,

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    and voice—and such clothes were wrapped about his body.

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    He stood above his head and spoke these words to him:

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    "You sleep, Achilles, and have become forgetful of me.

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    You did not neglect me while I lived, but now you do in death.

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    Bury me with all speed, that I may pass the gates of Hades.

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    Far off the shades, phantoms of the worn-out dead, keep me,

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    nor do they yet allow me to mingle beyond the river,

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    but so I wander beside the wide-gated house of Hades.

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    Give me your hand; I grieve, for never again

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    shall I return from Hades once you have given me my share of fire.

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    For never again alive, apart from our dear companions,

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    shall we sit and take counsel; but a hateful doom

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    has opened wide around me, the doom allotted me at birth.

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    And your own fate too, Achilles, peer of the gods,

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    is to die beneath the wall of the prosperous Trojans.

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    One more thing I shall tell and charge you, if you will obey:

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    do not set my bones apart from yours, Achilles,

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    but together, as we were reared in your house,

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    when Menoetius brought me, still a little child, from Opoeis

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    to your home because of a grievous killing,

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    on the day when I killed Amphidamas' son,

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    foolishly and unwillingly, angered over knucklebones.

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    Then Peleus the horseman received me in his halls,

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    reared me with care, and named me your attendant.

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    So may one urn enfold the bones of us both,

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    the golden two-handled jar your queenly mother gave you."

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    Then swift-footed Achilles answered him and said:

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    "Why, dear heart, have you come here

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    and laid each of these commands upon me? I shall indeed

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    fulfill them all and obey as you command.

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    But stand nearer; for a little while let us embrace

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    one another and take our fill of bitter lament."

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    So speaking, he reached out with loving hands,

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    but grasped nothing; the shade went down beneath the earth like smoke,

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    shrilling as it vanished. Achilles sprang up in amazement,

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    clapped his hands together, and spoke a sorrowful word:

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    "Ah, then even in the house of Hades there remains

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    a shade and phantom, though there is no mind in it at all.

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    All night the shade of poor Patroclus

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    stood over me, mourning and weeping,

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    and charged me with each thing; it looked wondrously like him."

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    So he spoke, and stirred in them all a longing for lament.

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    As they mourned, rosy-fingered Dawn appeared

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    around the pitiful corpse. But the lord Agamemnon

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    urged mules and men to bring wood

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    from every part of camp; a noble man rose to oversee them:

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    Meriones, attendant of high-hearted Idomeneus.

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    They went with woodcutters' axes in their hands

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    and well-plaited ropes; before them went the mules.

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    Far uphill and downhill, along slopes and across, they went.

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    But when they reached the slopes of many-springed Ida,

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    at once with long-edged bronze they began to cut

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    high-crowned oaks in haste; with a mighty crash they

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    fell. Then the Achaeans split them apart

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    and bound them to the mules, whose feet tore up the earth

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    as they strained for the plain through the dense brushwood.

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    All the woodcutters carried logs, for so he had ordered,

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    Meriones, attendant of high-hearted Idomeneus.

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    They cast them down in rows upon the shore, where Achilles

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    had planned a great burial mound for Patroclus and himself.

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    When they had cast down the boundless timber on every side,

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    they sat there together and waited. Then Achilles

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    at once ordered the battle-loving Myrmidons

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    to gird on bronze and each to yoke his horses beneath the cars.

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    They rose and put on their armor,

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    and fighters and charioteers mounted the chariots.

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    The horsemen went before; behind them followed a cloud of footmen,

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    countless; in their midst his comrades carried Patroclus.

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    They covered the whole corpse with locks of hair, which they cast on it

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    as they cut them; behind, godlike Achilles held the dead man's head

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    in grief, for he was sending a blameless companion to Hades.

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    When they reached the place Achilles had shown them,

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    they laid him down and swiftly heaped up sturdy timber for him.

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    There swift-footed godlike Achilles formed another plan:

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    standing apart from the pyre, he cut off his golden hair,

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    which he had grown luxuriant for the river Spercheius.

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    Grieving, he looked over the wine-dark sea and said:

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    "Spercheius, in vain my father Peleus prayed to you

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    that when I returned there to my dear native land

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    I would cut my hair for you and offer a sacred hecatomb,

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    and sacrifice there beside your springs fifty uncastrated sheep,

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    where you have a sacred precinct and fragrant altar.

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    So the old man prayed, but you did not fulfill his purpose.

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    Now since I shall not return to my dear native land,

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    let me give the lock to the hero Patroclus to carry."

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    So speaking, he placed the hair in the hands of his dear companion,

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    and stirred in them all a longing for lament.

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    The sunlight would have sunk upon them as they mourned

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    if Achilles had not quickly stood by Agamemnon and said:

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    "Son of Atreus, the Achaean host will heed

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    your words above all. There is a fullness even of lament.

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    Now scatter the people from the pyre and order them to prepare their meal.

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    Those of us whom this chiefly concerns will labor over it,

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    we who care for the corpse; and let the leaders remain beside us."

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    When Agamemnon, lord of men, heard this,

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    he at once scattered the host among the balanced ships.

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    The mourners stayed there beside the corpse and heaped up timber,

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    and made the pyre a hundred feet across in either direction,

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    and on the pyre's highest part they laid the corpse, grieving at heart.

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    Many sturdy sheep and shambling, spiral-horned cattle

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    they flayed and dressed before the pyre; and from them all

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    great-hearted Achilles took the fat and covered the corpse

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    from head to foot, and heaped the flayed carcasses around it.

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    He placed two-handled jars of honey and oil

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    leaning against the bier; and four high-necked horses

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    he swiftly cast upon the pyre, groaning deeply.

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    The lord had nine dogs that fed beneath his table,

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    and of these he cut the throats of two and cast them on the pyre,

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    twelve noble sons of great-hearted Trojans

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    he slew with bronze, devising evil works in his heart.

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    He loosed the iron force of fire upon it, so that it might feed.

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    Then he groaned aloud and called his dear companion by name:

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    "Farewell, Patroclus, even in the house of Hades.

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    All that I promised you before I now fulfill:

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    twelve noble sons of great-hearted Trojans

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    fire devours them all with you; but Hector I shall not

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    give to fire to consume, Priam's son, but to the dogs."

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    So he spoke in threat; but the dogs did not set upon Hector.

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    Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, kept the dogs from him

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    by day and night, and anointed him with rose-scented oil,

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    ambrosial, so that Achilles would not tear him as he dragged him.

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    And Phoebus Apollo brought a dark cloud over him

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    from heaven down to the plain, and covered all the ground

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    the corpse occupied, lest the sun's force first

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    shrivel the skin around his sinews and limbs.

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    But the pyre of dead Patroclus did not burn.

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    There swift-footed godlike Achilles formed another plan:

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    standing apart from the pyre, he prayed to both winds,

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    Boreas and Zephyrus, and promised splendid offerings.

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    Pouring many libations from a golden cup, he implored them

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    to come, so that the dead might swiftly burn in the fire

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    and the wood hurry to catch. Swift Iris

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    heard his prayers and went as messenger to the winds.

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    They were gathered inside the house of blustering Zephyrus

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    and feasting; Iris ran up and stood

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    upon the stone threshold. When they saw her with their eyes,

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    all sprang up, and each called her to himself.

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    But she refused to sit among them and spoke:

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    "There is no time to sit: I am going back to the streams of Oceanus,

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    to the Ethiopians' land, where they offer hecatombs

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    to the immortals, so that I too may share the sacred feast.

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    But Achilles prays that Boreas and loud-blowing Zephyrus

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    will come, and he promises splendid offerings,

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    so that you may rouse the pyre to burn, in which lies

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    Patroclus, whom all the Achaeans mourn."

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    So she spoke and went away; and the two winds rose

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    with a wondrous roar, driving the clouds before them.

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    Swiftly they reached the sea, blowing, and the wave rose

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    beneath their shrill breath; they came to fertile Troy,

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    and fell upon the pyre; the heaven-kindled fire roared loud.

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    All night together they beat the pyre's flame,

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    blowing keenly; and all night swift Achilles

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    took a two-handled cup from a golden mixing bowl,

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    drew wine and poured it on the ground, drenching the earth,

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    and called upon the shade of poor Patroclus.

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    As a father mourns, burning the bones of his son,

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    a bridegroom whose death has stricken his wretched parents,

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    so Achilles mourned as he burned his companion's bones,

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    creeping beside the pyre and groaning without cease.

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    When the morning star goes forth to herald light over the earth,

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    after which saffron-robed Dawn spreads over the sea,

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    then the pyre was dying down, and its flame ceased.

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    The winds turned back again and went home

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    over the Thracian sea, and it groaned, swelling with waves.

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    The son of Peleus withdrew to one side from the pyre,

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    lay down exhausted, and sweet sleep rushed upon him.

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    Those who were gathered around the son of Atreus came together;

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    the din and pounding of their approach woke him.

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    He sat upright and spoke a word to them:

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    "Son of Atreus, and you other princes of all the Achaeans,

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    first quench the pyre everywhere with gleaming wine,

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    all of it, as far as the fire's fury had reached; and then

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    let us gather the bones of Patroclus, son of Menoetius,

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    distinguishing them with care; they are easy to recognize.

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    For he lay in the middle of the pyre, while the others

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    burned mingled at its outer edge, horses and men.

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    Let us place them in a golden jar within a double layer of fat,

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    until I myself am hidden in Hades.

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    I command you not to labor now at a very great mound,

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    but one of fitting size; afterward you Achaeans

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    who remain after me beside the many-benched ships

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    may make it broad and high."

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    So he spoke, and they obeyed the fleet son of Peleus.

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    First they quenched the pyre with gleaming wine,

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    as far as the flame had reached, and the deep ash sank down.

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    Weeping, they gathered the white bones of their gentle companion

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    into a golden jar within a double layer of fat,

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    set it in the shelter, and covered it with soft linen.

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    They traced the mound's circle and laid its foundations

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    around the pyre, then at once poured heaped earth above it.

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    When they had heaped the mound, they started back; but Achilles

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    held the people there and seated them in a broad assembly ground.

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    From the ships he brought prizes—cauldrons and tripods,

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    horses and mules, the strong heads of cattle,

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    well-girdled women and gray iron,

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    and first for the swift chariot drivers he set splendid prizes:

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    a blameless woman skilled in handiwork to take away,

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    and an eared tripod holding twenty-two measures

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    for the first man; for the second he set a mare,

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    six years old, unbroken, carrying a mule foal;

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    for the third he set down an unused cauldron,

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    beautiful, holding four measures, still bright as new;

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    for the fourth he set two talents of gold,

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    and for the fifth an untouched two-handled bowl.

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    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

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    "Son of Atreus, and you other well-greaved Achaeans,

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    these prizes lie waiting in the arena for the chariot drivers.

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    If we Achaeans were now holding games for another,

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    I would take the first prize and carry it to my shelter.

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    For you know how far my horses surpass all others in excellence:

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    they are immortal, and Poseidon gave them

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    to my father Peleus, who in turn entrusted them to me.

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    But I shall remain apart, I and my single-hoofed horses,

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    for they have lost the noble glory of so kind a driver,

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    who so often poured smooth oil over both their manes

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    after washing them in clear water.

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    The two stand mourning him, and on the ground

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    their manes trail; there they stand, grieving at heart.

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    But you others, make ready throughout the camp, whoever among the Achaeans

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    trusts in his horses and his close-fitted chariot."

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    So the son of Peleus spoke, and the swift chariot drivers gathered.

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    First by far rose Eumelus, lord of men,

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    the dear son of Admetus, who excelled in horsemanship;

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    and after him arose mighty Diomedes, son of Tydeus;

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    he brought Trojan horses beneath the yoke, those he once took

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    from Aeneas, though Apollo rescued the man himself.

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    After him rose the son of Atreus, golden-haired Menelaus,

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    Zeus-sprung, and beneath the yoke he led his swift horses,

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    Agamemnon's mare Aethe and his own Podargus.

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    Echepolus, son of Anchises, had given her to Agamemnon

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    as a gift, so he need not follow him to windy Ilion,

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    but might stay there and take his ease; for Zeus had given him

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    great wealth, and he lived in broad-dancing Sicyon.

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    This mare he led beneath the yoke, yearning greatly for the race.

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    Antilochus was fourth to harness his lovely-maned horses,

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    the splendid son of Nestor, the high-hearted lord,

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    son of Neleus; his horses were bred in Pylos,

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    swift-footed, and drew his chariot. His father stood near

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    and counseled him for his good, though he himself already understood:

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    "Antilochus, though you are young, Zeus and Poseidon

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    have loved you and taught you every kind

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    of horsemanship; so there is little need to teach you.

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    You know well how to wheel around the turning posts; but your horses

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    are slowest at running, and so I think this will go badly.

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    The others' horses are swifter, yet the men themselves

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    know no more than you do of devising a plan.

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    Come then, dear son, put every kind of cunning

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    into your heart, so that the prizes do not escape you.

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    By cunning a woodcutter is far better than by strength;

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    by cunning too a helmsman on the wine-dark sea

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    guides a swift ship battered by the winds;

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    and by cunning one charioteer surpasses another.

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    But the man who trusts in his horses and his chariot

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    wheels recklessly far out, now this way, now that;

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    his horses wander over the course, and he does not hold them in.

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    But the man who knows his advantage, though driving weaker horses,

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    keeps his eye on the post and turns close, never forgetting

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    how from the start to keep the oxhide reins drawn taut,

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    but holds them steady and watches the man ahead.

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    I shall tell you a sign, plain to see, and it will not escape you.

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    A dry stump stands about a fathom above the ground,

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    whether oak or pine; rain does not rot it,

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    and two white stones are fixed against it, one on either side,

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    at the joining of the road, and the chariot track is smooth around it.

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    Perhaps it is the monument of some mortal long dead,

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    or perhaps men of earlier days made it a turning post;

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    and now swift-footed godlike Achilles has made it the turn.

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    Drive your horses and chariot very close beside it,

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    and lean yourself gently to the left of the pair

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    in your well-woven chariot; but urge the right-hand horse

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    with a shout and a prick, and let the reins yield in your hands.

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    At the post let your left-hand horse press close,

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    so that the nave of your fashioned wheel seems almost to graze it;

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    but take care not to strike the stone,

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    lest you wound the horses and shatter the chariot.

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    That would be joy for the others and shame for you;

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    so, dear son, be watchful and keep your judgment.

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    For if you pass them at the post while pursuing,

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    there is no man who could catch you by a burst or pass you,

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    not even if he drove behind you divine Arion,

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    the swift horse of Adrastus, whose stock was from the gods,

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    or Laomedon's horses, the finest bred in this land."

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    So Nestor, son of Neleus, spoke and sat again in his place,

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    when he had told his son the sum of every point.

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    Meriones was fifth to harness his lovely-maned horses.

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    They mounted their chariots and cast their lots within a helmet;

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    Achilles shook it, and out leapt the lot of Nestor's son,

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    Antilochus; after him the lord Eumelus drew his place;

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    after him came the son of Atreus, Menelaus famed with the spear;

  356. 356

    after him Meriones drew his place to drive; and last

  357. 357

    the son of Tydeus, though far the best, drew the place to drive his horses.

  358. 358

    They stood in order, and Achilles showed them the turning post

  359. 359

    far away on the level plain; beside it he stationed as watcher

  360. 360

    godlike Phoenix, his father's companion,

  361. 361

    to remember the runs and report the truth.

  362. 362

    All together they raised their whips over the horses,

  363. 363

    struck them with the reins, and shouted words

  364. 364

    urgently; swiftly they covered the plain

  365. 365

    away from the ships, and beneath their chests the dust

  366. 366

    rose and stood like a cloud or a whirlwind,

  367. 367

    and the manes streamed in the breaths of wind.

  368. 368

    The chariots now drew near the earth that feeds many,

  369. 369

    now leapt high into the air; the drivers

  370. 370

    stood in their chariots, and each man's heart pounded

  371. 371

    in his longing for victory; each called to his own

  372. 372

    horses, and they flew in dust across the plain.

  373. 373

    But when the swift horses were completing the last stretch

  374. 374

    back toward the gray sea, then each team's excellence

  375. 375

    showed, and at once the race drew taut for the horses. Swiftly then

  376. 376

    the fleet mares of Pheres' grandson surged ahead.

  377. 377

    After them came the stallions of Diomedes,

  378. 378

    the Trojan horses, not far behind but very close;

  379. 379

    for they always seemed about to mount the chariot,

  380. 380

    and with their breath they warmed Eumelus' back and broad shoulders,

  381. 381

    for they laid their heads above him as they flew.

  382. 382

    And now he would have passed or made the race a dead heat,

  383. 383

    had not Phoebus Apollo grown angry at Tydeus' son

  384. 384

    and struck the shining whip from his hands.

  385. 385

    Tears poured from his eyes in anger,

  386. 386

    because he saw the mares running faster still,

  387. 387

    while his own horses were hindered, racing without the goad.

  388. 388

    But Apollo did not escape Athena's notice in his deceit

  389. 389

    against Tydeus' son; swiftly she rushed after the shepherd of the people,

  390. 390

    gave him the whip, and put strength into his horses.

  391. 391

    Then in anger she went after the son of Admetus,

  392. 392

    and the goddess broke his horses' yoke; his mares

  393. 393

    ran apart on either side of the road, and the pole fell to the ground.

  394. 394

    but he rolled from the chariot beside the wheel

  395. 395

    and scraped his elbows, mouth, and nostrils;

  396. 396

    his forehead was bruised above the brows; and his two eyes

  397. 397

    filled with tears, and his strong voice was checked.

  398. 398

    But the son of Tydeus turned aside and held his single-hoofed horses,

  399. 399

    leaping far ahead of the others; for Athena

  400. 400

    put strength into his horses and laid glory upon the man himself.

  401. 401

    After him came the son of Atreus, golden-haired Menelaus.

  402. 402

    Antilochus called out to his father's horses:

  403. 403

    "Press on, you two, and strain with all your speed.

  404. 404

    I do not command you to contend with those horses,

  405. 405

    the horses of warlike Tydeus' son, to whom Athena

  406. 406

    has now granted speed and laid glory upon their driver.

  407. 407

    But catch the horses of Atreus' son, and do not be left behind,

  408. 408

    quickly, lest Aethe pour shame over you both,

  409. 409

    though she is a mare. Why are you falling behind, my fine pair?

  410. 410

    For this I tell you, and it shall surely be fulfilled:

  411. 411

    you shall have no care from Nestor, shepherd of the people,

  412. 412

    but at once he will kill you with sharp bronze

  413. 413

    if through your heedlessness we carry off a poorer prize.

  414. 414

    Come, follow close and hurry with all your speed;

  415. 415

    and I myself shall devise and plan this:

  416. 416

    to slip past him where the road is narrow, and I shall not miss it."

  417. 417

    So he spoke, and they, fearing their lord's rebuke,

  418. 418

    ran harder for a little while; and soon thereafter

  419. 419

    Antilochus, steadfast in battle, saw a narrowing of the road.

  420. 420

    There was a cleft in the earth where winter water, pent up,

  421. 421

    had broken through the road and hollowed the whole place.

  422. 422

    Menelaus held his course there, avoiding a clash of wheels.

  423. 423

    But Antilochus turned aside and held his single-hoofed horses

  424. 424

    off the road, driving a little to one side.

  425. 425

    The son of Atreus grew afraid and shouted to Antilochus:

  426. 426

    "Antilochus, you are driving recklessly; hold in your horses!

  427. 427

    The road is narrow; soon it will be wider for passing.

  428. 428

    Take care you do not strike my chariot and injure us both."

  429. 429

    So he spoke, but Antilochus drove still harder,

  430. 430

    urging them with the goad as though he had not heard.

  431. 431

    As far as the cast of a discus swung from the shoulder,

  432. 432

    thrown by a young man testing his strength,

  433. 433

    so far the pair ran on; then the mares of Atreus' son

  434. 434

    fell back, for he willingly eased his driving,

  435. 435

    lest the single-hoofed horses collide upon the road,

  436. 436

    overturn the well-woven chariots, and themselves

  437. 437

    fall in the dust as they pressed in pursuit of victory.

  438. 438

    Golden-haired Menelaus rebuked him as he spoke:

  439. 439

    "Antilochus, no other mortal is more destructive than you.

  440. 440

    Go to ruin! We Achaeans were wrong to call you prudent.

  441. 441

    Yet even so, you shall not carry the prize without an oath."

  442. 442

    So speaking, he called aloud and cried to his horses:

  443. 443

    "Do not hold back or stand grieving at heart.

  444. 444

    The feet and knees of those horses will grow weary

  445. 445

    before yours; for both are bereft of youth."

  446. 446

    So he spoke, and they, fearing their lord's rebuke,

  447. 447

    ran harder, and soon drew close to them.

  448. 448

    The Argives sitting in the assembly watched

  449. 449

    the horses as they flew in dust across the plain.

  450. 450

    Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, first made out the horses,

  451. 451

    for he sat outside the assembly, highest at the lookout.

  452. 452

    Though the shouter was far away, he heard him

  453. 453

    and knew him; he made out the conspicuous leading horse,

  454. 454

    chestnut over all the rest, but on its forehead

  455. 455

    was a round white mark, like the moon.

  456. 456

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

  457. 457

    Friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,

  458. 458

    Am I alone making out the horses, or do you see them too?

  459. 459

    They seem to me to be different horses in front,

  460. 460

    and another driver appears; the mares must somewhere

  461. 461

    have come to grief on the plain, though they were stronger on the way out.

  462. 462

    For I saw them first as they rounded the turning post,

  463. 463

    but now I cannot see them anywhere, though my two eyes

  464. 464

    range over all the Trojan plain as I look.

  465. 465

    Perhaps the reins escaped the driver, and he could not

  466. 466

    hold them well around the post and failed in making the turn.

  467. 467

    I think he was thrown out there and his chariot smashed,

  468. 468

    while the mares bolted when fury seized their hearts.

  469. 469

    Come, stand up and look yourselves, for I

  470. 470

    cannot make him out well; yet the man seems to me

  471. 471

    Aetolian by birth, and he rules among the Argives—

  472. 472

    mighty Diomedes, son of horse-taming Tydeus."

  473. 473

    Then swift Ajax, son of Oileus, rebuked him shamefully:

  474. 474

    "Idomeneus, why do you babble before there is need? Far off

  475. 475

    the high-stepping horses still race over the broad plain.

  476. 476

    You are not so much the youngest among the Argives,

  477. 477

    nor does the sharpest eye look out from your head;

  478. 478

    yet you are always babbling in speeches, though you have no need

  479. 479

    to be a loud talker, for better men are here.

  480. 480

    The same mares are in front that were before,

  481. 481

    Eumelus' mares, and he himself stands within holding the reins."

  482. 482

    Angered, the leader of the Cretans spoke against him:

  483. 483

    "Ajax, best at abuse, wrong-headed, in everything else

  484. 484

    you fall short of the Argives, because your mind is harsh.

  485. 485

    Come now, let the two of us wager a tripod or a cauldron,

  486. 486

    and let us both appoint Agamemnon, son of Atreus, as judge

  487. 487

    of which mares are in front, so you may learn by paying."

  488. 488

    So he spoke, and swift Ajax, son of Oileus, sprang up at once,

  489. 489

    angry, to answer him with harsh words.

  490. 490

    And now the quarrel between the two would have gone still further,

  491. 491

    had not Achilles himself risen and spoken a word:

  492. 492

    "No longer answer one another with harsh words,

  493. 493

    Ajax and Idomeneus, with insults; it is not fitting.

  494. 494

    You yourselves would resent another man who acted so.

  495. 495

    Instead, sit in the assembly and watch

  496. 496

    the horses; soon they will come here themselves, pressing for victory.

  497. 497

    Then each of you will know

  498. 498

    which Argive horses are second and which are first."

  499. 499

    So he spoke, and the son of Tydeus came very near in pursuit,

  500. 500

    always driving the whip down from his shoulder; his horses

  501. 501

    reared high as the pair sped swiftly on their way.

  502. 502

    All the while splashes of dust struck the driver,

  503. 503

    and the chariot, overlaid with gold and tin,

  504. 504

    ran close behind the swift-footed horses; scarcely any

  505. 505

    track of the wheel rims arose behind them

  506. 506

    in the fine dust, so fast the two flew onward.

  507. 507

    He stopped in the midst of the gathering, and sweat poured thick

  508. 508

    from the horses' manes and chests down to the ground.

  509. 509

    Diomedes himself leapt down from the shining chariot,

  510. 510

    and leaned his whip against the yoke. Nor did

  511. 511

    mighty Sthenelus delay, but briskly took the prize

  512. 512

    and gave the woman to his high-hearted comrades to lead away,

  513. 513

    and the handled tripod to carry; while he unyoked the horses.

  514. 514

    Next Antilochus, the son of Neleus, drove his horses in

  515. 515

    after passing Menelaus by cunning, not by speed;

  516. 516

    yet even so Menelaus held his swift horses close behind.

  517. 517

    As far as a horse stands from the wheel when he

  518. 518

    draws his master over the plain, straining with the chariot:

  519. 519

    the tips of the horse's tail hairs brush the wheel rim

  520. 520

    as he runs very close, with scarcely any

  521. 521

    space between while he races over the broad plain —

  522. 522

    by just so much Menelaus trailed blameless Antilochus.

  523. 523

    At first he had fallen behind by a discus throw,

  524. 524

    but swiftly he caught him, for the good strength kept swelling

  525. 525

    in Agamemnon's lovely-maned mare, Aethe.

  526. 526

    Had the course been stretched still farther for both men,

  527. 527

    he would have passed him and left no room for dispute.

  528. 528

    But Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus,

  529. 529

    fell a spear's cast behind glorious Menelaus,

  530. 530

    for his lovely-maned horses were the slowest,

  531. 531

    and he himself was the least skilled at driving a chariot in a race.

  532. 532

    Last of all the others came the son of Admetus,

  533. 533

    dragging his fine chariot and driving his horses on ahead.

  534. 534

    Seeing him, swift-footed godlike Achilles took pity,

  535. 535

    and standing among the Argives he spoke winged words:

  536. 536

    "The best man is driving his single-hoofed horses in last.

  537. 537

    Come then, let us give him a prize, as is fitting,

  538. 538

    the second; but let the son of Tydeus carry off the first."

  539. 539

    So he spoke, and they all approved as he had urged.

  540. 540

    And now he would have given him the mare, for the Achaeans had approved,

  541. 541

    had Antilochus, son of great-hearted Nestor, not

  542. 542

    risen and answered Peleus' son Achilles to assert his right:

  543. 543

    "Achilles, I shall be deeply angered with you if you carry out

  544. 544

    this word, for you mean to take away my prize,

  545. 545

    thinking of how his chariot and swift horses were harmed,

  546. 546

    though he himself is a good man. But he ought to have prayed to the immortals;

  547. 547

    then he would not have come pursuing in the very last place.

  548. 548

    If you pity him and he has been dear to your heart,

  549. 549

    you have abundant gold in your hut, and bronze as well,

  550. 550

    and flocks; you have bondwomen and single-hoofed horses.

  551. 551

    Take something from these and give him an even greater prize

  552. 552

    at once, here and now, so that the Achaeans may praise you.

  553. 553

    But I will not give up the mare; let any man make trial over her

  554. 554

    who is willing to fight me hand to hand."

  555. 555

    So he spoke, and swift-footed godlike Achilles smiled,

  556. 556

    delighting in Antilochus, because he was his dear companion;

  557. 557

    And answering him, he addressed him with winged words:

  558. 558

    "Antilochus, if you bid me add another gift from my own stores

  559. 559

    for Eumelus, then I shall do that as well.

  560. 560

    I shall give him the breastplate I stripped from Asteropaeus,

  561. 561

    of bronze, around which a band of shining tin

  562. 562

    runs circling; it will be worth much to him."

  563. 563

    So he spoke, and told his dear companion Automedon

  564. 564

    to fetch it from the hut; he went and brought it to him,

  565. 565

    and placed it in Eumelus' hands; he received it gladly.

  566. 566

    Then Menelaus too rose among them, grieving at heart

  567. 567

    and relentlessly angry with Antilochus. A herald

  568. 568

    placed the scepter in his hand and called upon

  569. 569

    the Argives to be silent; then the godlike man addressed them:

  570. 570

    "Antilochus, once so wise, what have you done?

  571. 571

    You have shamed my prowess and hindered my horses

  572. 572

    by throwing your own before them, though yours were far worse.

  573. 573

    Come then, leaders and rulers of the Argives,

  574. 574

    judge openly between us both, and show no favor,

  575. 575

    lest some bronze-clad Achaean ever say:

  576. 576

    ‘Menelaus overpowered Antilochus by falsehood

  577. 577

    and goes off leading the mare, because his horses were far worse,

  578. 578

    though he himself is stronger in prowess and might.’

  579. 579

    Come, I shall judge the matter myself; and I say that no

  580. 580

    other Danaan will rebuke me, for the judgment will be straight.

  581. 581

    Come here, Antilochus, Zeus-nurtured, as is right and customary:

  582. 582

    stand before your horses and chariot, and take in your hands

  583. 583

    the slender whip with which you drove before;

  584. 584

    touch the horses and swear by the earth-holding Earth-shaker

  585. 585

    that you did not willingly block my chariot by guile."

  586. 586

    Then wise Antilochus answered him face to face:

  587. 587

    "Bear with me now, for I am far younger

  588. 588

    than you, lord Menelaus, while you are older and better.

  589. 589

    You know what the transgressions of a young man are:

  590. 590

    his impulse is swifter, but his counsel is slight.

  591. 591

    Therefore let your heart endure; I myself shall give you

  592. 592

    the mare I won. And if you should ask some other thing

  593. 593

    from my own stores, something greater, I would choose to give it

  594. 594

    to you at once rather than fall from your heart, Zeus-nurtured, forever

  595. 595

    and stand as a sinner before the gods."

  596. 596

    So the son of great-hearted Nestor led the mare

  597. 597

    and placed her in Menelaus' hands; and his heart

  598. 598

    was softened, as dew lies thick upon the ears

  599. 599

    of a ripening crop, when the fields bristle with grain;

  600. 600

    so, Menelaus, was the heart within you softened.

  601. 601

    And speaking to him, he addressed him with winged words:

  602. 602

    "Antilochus, angry though I am, I shall now yield to you myself,

  603. 603

    since before this you were never wayward or reckless;

  604. 604

    but now your youth has overcome your judgment.

  605. 605

    Another time, avoid trying to outwit your betters.

  606. 606

    No other man among the Achaeans could soon have persuaded me.

  607. 607

    But you have suffered much and labored much,

  608. 608

    and so have your good father and your brother, for my sake.

  609. 609

    Therefore I shall yield to your entreaty, and I shall even give you

  610. 610

    the mare, though she is mine, so that these men too may know

  611. 611

    that my heart is never overbearing or harsh."

  612. 612

    So he spoke, and gave the mare to Noemon, Antilochus' companion,

  613. 613

    to lead away; then he took the shining cauldron.

  614. 614

    Meriones lifted up the two talents of gold

  615. 615

    as fourth, the place in which he drove; but the fifth prize remained,

  616. 616

    a two-handled bowl. Achilles gave it to Nestor,

  617. 617

    carrying it through the gathering of Argives, and stood beside him and said:

  618. 618

    "Here, old man; let this now be an heirloom for you,

  619. 619

    a memorial of Patroclus' burial, for never again will you

  620. 620

    see him among the Argives. I give you this prize

  621. 621

    without a contest, for you will not fight with fists or wrestle,

  622. 622

    nor enter the spear-casting, nor race

  623. 623

    on foot, for harsh old age already presses hard upon you."

  624. 624

    So saying, he placed it in his hands; and Nestor received it gladly,

  625. 625

    And speaking to him, he addressed him with winged words:

  626. 626

    "Yes indeed, my child, all this you have spoken according to due measure,

  627. 627

    for my limbs and dear feet are firm no longer, and my hands

  628. 628

    no longer dart lightly from either shoulder.

  629. 629

    If only I were young as once, and my strength were firm,

  630. 630

    as when the Epeians buried lord Amarynceus

  631. 631

    at Buprasium, and the king's sons set out the prizes.

  632. 632

    There no man proved my equal, neither among the Epeians

  633. 633

    nor among the Pylians themselves nor the great-hearted Aetolians.

  634. 634

    With my fists I beat Clytomedes, son of Enops;

  635. 635

    at wrestling, Ancaeus of Pleuron, who rose against me;

  636. 636

    and on foot I outran Iphiclus, good though he was;

  637. 637

    with the spear I outthrew both Phyleus and Polydorus.

  638. 638

    Only with their horses did the twin sons of Actor pass me,

  639. 639

    pressing ahead through weight of numbers and fiercely eager for victory,

  640. 640

    because the greatest prizes had been left there for that event.

  641. 641

    They were twins: one kept firmly to the reins,

  642. 642

    firmly he held the reins, while the other urged them with the whip.

  643. 643

    Such was I once; but now let younger men undertake

  644. 644

    such deeds. I must submit to grievous old age,

  645. 645

    though then I stood preeminent among heroes.

  646. 646

    But go now and honor your companion with funeral contests.

  647. 647

    I accept this gladly, and my heart rejoices

  648. 648

    that you always remember my kindness and I do not escape your notice,

  649. 649

    nor the honor with which it is fitting that I be honored among the Achaeans.

  650. 650

    May the gods grant you heart-gladdening favor in return for this."

  651. 651

    So he spoke, and Peleus' son went through the great throng of Achaeans

  652. 652

    after he had heard the whole praise of Neleus' son.

  653. 653

    Then he set out prizes for painful boxing:

  654. 654

    he led in and tethered a strong work-mule in the gathering,

  655. 655

    six years old and unbroken, the hardest age to tame;

  656. 656

    and for the man defeated he set a two-handled cup.

  657. 657

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

  658. 658

    "Son of Atreus, and you other well-greaved Achaeans,

  659. 659

    we call upon the two best men to contend for these prizes,

  660. 660

    to raise their fists high and strike. Whichever man Apollo

  661. 661

    grants endurance, and all the Achaeans recognize,

  662. 662

    let him lead the strong work-mule back to his hut;

  663. 663

    but the defeated man shall carry off the two-handled cup."

  664. 664

    So he spoke, and at once a good and mighty man arose,

  665. 665

    skilled in boxing, Epeius, son of Panopeus.

  666. 666

    He laid hold of the strong work-mule and called aloud:

  667. 667

    "Let whoever will carry off the two-handled cup come near.

  668. 668

    I say that no other Achaean will lead away the mule

  669. 669

    after beating me with his fists, for I claim to be the best.

  670. 670

    Is it not enough that I fall short in battle? There is no way

  671. 671

    for one man to become skilled in every kind of work.

  672. 672

    For thus I tell you, and this shall be brought to pass:

  673. 673

    I shall split his flesh open and smash his bones together.

  674. 674

    Let his friends and caretakers wait here together,

  675. 675

    so they may carry him out when he is broken beneath my hands."

  676. 676

    So he spoke, and they all fell hushed in silence;

  677. 677

    and only Euryalus rose against him, a godlike man,

  678. 678

    son of lord Mecisteus, the son of Talaus,

  679. 679

    who once came to Thebes when Oedipus had fallen,

  680. 680

    to his funeral; there he defeated all the Cadmeans.

  681. 681

    Diomedes, famed with the spear, attended Euryalus,

  682. 682

    encouraging him with words and greatly desiring victory for him.

  683. 683

    First he cast a belt about him, and then

  684. 684

    gave him well-cut straps of a range-fed ox.

  685. 685

    The two girded themselves and went into the midst of the gathering,

  686. 686

    and facing each other they raised their strong hands, both at once,

  687. 687

    and fell together; their heavy hands crossed and mingled.

  688. 688

    A terrible crashing rose from their jaws, and sweat ran

  689. 689

    from every limb. Then godlike Epeius sprang in

  690. 690

    and struck Euryalus on the cheek as he looked about; no longer

  691. 691

    could he stand, for his splendid limbs collapsed beneath him.

  692. 692

    As when a fish leaps beneath the shuddering breath of Boreas

  693. 693

    beside a weed-strewn shore, and the dark wave covers it,

  694. 694

    so he sprang up when struck; but great-hearted Epeius

  695. 695

    caught him in his hands and raised him. His dear companions gathered round

  696. 696

    and led him through the gathering with his feet dragging,

  697. 697

    spitting thick blood, his head lolling to one side.

  698. 698

    They led him away senseless and set him down among them,

  699. 699

    then went themselves and carried off the two-handled cup.

  700. 700

    Peleus' son quickly set out other prizes for the third contest,

  701. 701

    showing the Danaans the prizes for painful wrestling:

  702. 702

    for the winner, a great tripod made to stand over the fire,

  703. 703

    which the Achaeans among them valued at twelve oxen;

  704. 704

    and for the man defeated he placed a woman in their midst,

  705. 705

    skilled in many tasks, and they valued her at four oxen.

  706. 706

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

  707. 707

    "Rise, you two who will make trial of this contest."

  708. 708

    So he spoke, and then great Ajax, son of Telamon, arose,

  709. 709

    and Odysseus of many wiles stood up, skilled in cunning.

  710. 710

    The two girded themselves and went into the midst of the gathering,

  711. 711

    and locked their arms about each other with their strong hands,

  712. 712

    like rafters that a famed craftsman fits together

  713. 713

    for a high house, to ward off the force of winds,

  714. 714

    and their backs cracked beneath the force of their bold hands

  715. 715

    as they were dragged hard; wet sweat streamed down,

  716. 716

    and thick welts, red with blood, sprang up

  717. 717

    over their ribs and shoulders. Still the two kept straining

  718. 718

    for victory and the well-wrought tripod.

  719. 719

    Odysseus could neither trip Ajax nor bring him to the ground,

  720. 720

    nor could Ajax do so, for the mighty strength of Odysseus held firm.

  721. 721

    But when at last they began to weary the well-greaved Achaeans,

  722. 722

    then great Ajax, son of Telamon, addressed Odysseus:

  723. 723

    "Odysseus, son of Laertes, sprung from Zeus, of many devices,

  724. 724

    either lift me, or I shall lift you; all this will rest with Zeus."

  725. 725

    So saying, he lifted him; but Odysseus did not forget his cunning.

  726. 726

    He struck the hollow behind Ajax's knee, loosed his limbs beneath him,

  727. 727

    and threw him backward; Odysseus came down upon his chest,

  728. 728

    and he fell down; the people looked on in wonder and amazement.

  729. 729

    Then in turn much-enduring godlike Odysseus lifted Ajax,

  730. 730

    and shifted him a little from the ground, but did not lift him clear;

  731. 731

    his knee bent beneath him, and both fell to the ground

  732. 732

    close beside each other, and were stained with dust.

  733. 733

    And now they would have sprung up and wrestled a third time,

  734. 734

    had Achilles himself not risen and held them back:

  735. 735

    "Strain against each other no longer, and do not wear yourselves down with pain.

  736. 736

    Victory belongs to both; take equal prizes

  737. 737

    and go, so that the other Achaeans too may compete."

  738. 738

    So he spoke, and they listened closely and obeyed him.

  739. 739

    Then, wiping off the dust, the two put on their tunics.

  740. 740

    At once the son of Peleus set out other prizes for speed:

  741. 741

    a wrought silver mixing bowl; six measures

  742. 742

    it held, and in beauty it surpassed all others across the earth

  743. 743

    by far, for the skilled craftsmen of Sidon had fashioned it well.

  744. 744

    Phoenician men carried it over the misty sea,

  745. 745

    put in at the harbors, and gave it as a gift to Thoas;

  746. 746

    and as the price for Priam's son Lycaon

  747. 747

    Euneus, son of Jason, gave it to the hero Patroclus.

  748. 748

    Achilles now set it as a prize in honor of his companion,

  749. 749

    for whoever proved lightest upon his swift feet;

  750. 750

    for the second he set a great ox, rich with fat,

  751. 751

    and for the last he set half a talent of gold.

  752. 752

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

  753. 753

    "Rise, you who will make trial of this contest."

  754. 754

    So he spoke, and swift Ajax, son of Oileus, sprang up at once,

  755. 755

    and Odysseus of many wiles rose, and then Nestor's son,

  756. 756

    Antilochus, for he surpassed all the young men in speed of foot.

  757. 757

    They stood in order, and Achilles showed them the finish.

  758. 758

    Their course stretched from the starting line; swiftly then

  759. 759

    the son of Oileus drew ahead, and godlike Odysseus sprang after him,

  760. 760

    very close, as the loom-rod to the breast of a well-girdled woman

  761. 761

    when she draws it carefully with her hands,

  762. 762

    pulling the spool along the warp and holding it close

  763. 763

    to her breast; so Odysseus ran close behind,

  764. 764

    and his feet struck Ajax's tracks before the dust could spread over them.

  765. 765

    Godlike Odysseus poured his breath down over Ajax's head

  766. 766

    as he ran swiftly on; all the Achaeans shouted

  767. 767

    for him as he strove for victory, urging his great effort.

  768. 768

    But when they were completing the last stretch, Odysseus at once

  769. 769

    prayed in his heart to bright-eyed Athena:

  770. 770

    "Hear me, goddess; come as a kindly helper to my feet."

  771. 771

    So he spoke in prayer, and Pallas Athena heard him,

  772. 772

    and made his limbs light, his feet and, above them, his hands.

  773. 773

    But when they were just about to dart upon the prize,

  774. 774

    then Ajax slipped as he ran, for Athena tripped him,

  775. 775

    where dung from the loud-bellowing slaughtered cattle lay poured out,

  776. 776

    the cattle swift-footed Achilles had killed for Patroclus.

  777. 777

    His mouth and nostrils filled with cow dung;

  778. 778

    much-enduring godlike Odysseus lifted up the mixing bowl,

  779. 779

    for he came in first; and glorious Ajax took the ox.

  780. 780

    He stood holding the horn of the field-ranging ox in his hands,

  781. 781

    spitting out dung, and spoke among the Argives:

  782. 782

    "Ah, the goddess tripped my feet—she who before now

  783. 783

    stands beside Odysseus like a mother and comes to his aid."

  784. 784

    So he spoke, and they all laughed sweetly at him.

  785. 785

    Antilochus carried off the last prize,

  786. 786

    smiling, and spoke a word among the Argives:

  787. 787

    "Friends, I shall tell you all what you already know: even now

  788. 788

    the immortals honor men who are older.

  789. 789

    Ajax is only a little older than I am,

  790. 790

    but this man belongs to an earlier generation and earlier men.

  791. 791

    They call him a hardy old man; yet it is difficult

  792. 792

    for the Achaeans to contend with him on foot, unless it is Achilles."

  793. 793

    So he spoke and gave glory to the fleet son of Peleus.

  794. 794

    Achilles answered him with words:

  795. 795

    "Antilochus, your praise shall not be spoken in vain;

  796. 796

    I shall add half a talent of gold for you."

  797. 797

    So speaking, he placed it in his hands, and Antilochus received it gladly.

  798. 798

    Then the son of Peleus laid down a long-shadowed spear

  799. 799

    as he carried it into the arena, and laid down a shield and helmet,

  800. 800

    the arms of Sarpedon that Patroclus had stripped from him.

  801. 801

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives: "

  802. 802

    We call upon the two best men to contend for these prizes,

  803. 803

    the two of them clad in armor and taking flesh-cutting bronze,

  804. 804

    to make trial of each other before the gathered host.

  805. 805

    Whichever first reaches out and strikes the other's fair flesh

  806. 806

    and pierces through the armor to the inward parts and black blood,

  807. 807

    to him I shall give this lovely silver-studded sword,

  808. 808

    a fine Thracian blade that I stripped from Asteropaeus;

  809. 809

    but let both carry away these arms as shared property,

  810. 810

    and we shall set a good feast before them in the shelters."

  811. 811

    So he spoke, and then great Ajax, son of Telamon, arose,

  812. 812

    and mighty Diomedes, son of Tydeus, rose.

  813. 813

    Now when they had armed on each side of the throng,

  814. 814

    both came together into the middle, eager to fight,

  815. 815

    looking terribly; amazement held all the Achaeans.

  816. 816

    But when they had come near as they advanced against each other,

  817. 817

    three times they sprang, and three times they rushed together at close quarters.

  818. 818

    Then Ajax stabbed at the shield balanced evenly on every side,

  819. 819

    but did not reach the flesh, for the breastplate within held him off.

  820. 820

    Then the son of Tydeus, over his great shield,

  821. 821

    kept aiming the point of his shining spear at Ajax's neck.

  822. 822

    Then the Achaeans, greatly fearing for Ajax,

  823. 823

    ordered them to stop and take up equal prizes.

  824. 824

    But the hero gave the great sword to the son of Tydeus,

  825. 825

    bringing it with its sheath and well-cut baldric;

  826. 826

    Then Peleus' son set out a solid-cast iron weight,

  827. 827

    which the mighty strength of Eetion once used to throw;

  828. 828

    but swift-footed godlike Achilles had killed him

  829. 829

    and brought it in his ships with his other possessions.

  830. 830

    He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:

  831. 831

    "Rise, you who will make trial of this contest.

  832. 832

    Even if the winner's rich fields lie very far away,

  833. 833

    he will have this to use through five revolving years;

  834. 834

    for neither his shepherd nor his plowman, lacking iron,

  835. 835

    will go into town; the weight itself will supply them."

  836. 836

    So he spoke, and then Polypoetes steadfast in battle arose,

  837. 837

    and the mighty strength of godlike Leonteus stood up,

  838. 838

    and Ajax, son of Telamon, and godlike Epeius.

  839. 839

    They stood in order, and godlike Epeius took the weight,

  840. 840

    whirled it and let it fly; and all the Achaeans laughed.

  841. 841

    Leonteus, scion of Ares, cast it second;

  842. 842

    then great Ajax, son of Telamon, threw it third

  843. 843

    from his strong hand and passed the marks of all the others.

  844. 844

    But when Polypoetes steadfast in battle took the weight,

  845. 845

    as far as a herdsman hurls his throwing staff,

  846. 846

    and it flies spinning through the herd of cattle,

  847. 847

    so far he outthrew the whole gathering; and the people shouted.

  848. 848

    The companions of mighty Polypoetes rose

  849. 849

    and carried their king's prize to the hollow ships.

  850. 850

    Then Achilles set out dark iron for the archers,

  851. 851

    laying down ten axes and ten half-axes,

  852. 852

    and he raised the mast of a dark-prowed ship

  853. 853

    far off on the sands, and from it a trembling dove

  854. 854

    he tied by the foot with a slender cord, and ordered them

  855. 855

    to shoot at her. Whoever strikes the trembling dove

  856. 856

    shall lift all the axes and carry them home;

  857. 857

    but whoever strikes the cord and misses the bird,

  858. 858

    being the poorer shot, shall carry off the half-axes.

  859. 859

    So he spoke, and then the strength of lord Teucer arose,

  860. 860

    and Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus, stood up.

  861. 861

    They took lots and shook them in a bronze-fitted helmet,

  862. 862

    and Teucer won first place by lot; at once he loosed his arrow

  863. 863

    with force, but he had not vowed to the lord

  864. 864

    that he would offer a glorious hecatomb of firstling lambs

  865. 865

    He missed the bird, for Apollo denied him that;

  866. 866

    but he struck beside her foot the cord that bound the bird,

  867. 867

    and the bitter arrow cut straight through the cord.

  868. 868

    The dove darted up toward the sky, while the cord

  869. 869

    hung down toward the ground; and the Achaeans shouted.

  870. 870

    Meriones hurried and snatched the bow from his hand,

  871. 871

    while he had long held his arrow ready to take aim.

  872. 872

    At once he vowed to far-shooting Apollo

  873. 873

    that he would offer a glorious hecatomb of firstling lambs

  874. 874

    High beneath the clouds he saw the trembling dove,

  875. 875

    and struck her as she wheeled, beneath the middle of her wing.

  876. 876

    The shaft passed straight through; then it came back down to earth

  877. 877

    and stuck before Meriones' foot. But the bird

  878. 878

    perched upon the mast of the dark-prowed ship,

  879. 879

    let her neck hang down, and her close feathers drooped together.

  880. 880

    Swiftly the life flew from her limbs, and far from the mast

  881. 881

    she fell down; the people looked on in wonder and amazement.

  882. 882

    Then Meriones lifted all ten axes,

  883. 883

    while Teucer carried the half-axes to the hollow ships.

  884. 884

    Then the son of Peleus laid down a long-shadowed spear

  885. 885

    and set down an unused, flowered cauldron worth an ox,

  886. 886

    carrying them into the gathering; and the spear-throwers rose.

  887. 887

    The wide-ruling lord Agamemnon, son of Atreus, stood up,

  888. 888

    and Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus, arose.

  889. 889

    Then swift-footed godlike Achilles spoke among them:

  890. 890

    "Son of Atreus, we know how far you have surpassed all others,

  891. 891

    and how much you are best in strength and in casting the spear.

  892. 892

    Take this prize and go to the hollow ships,

  893. 893

    and let us give the spear to the hero Meriones,

  894. 894

    if your own heart is willing, for this is what I urge."

  895. 895

    So he spoke, and Agamemnon, lord of men, did not disobey.

  896. 896

    He gave the bronze spear to Meriones; but the hero

  897. 897

    gave the splendid prize to Talthybius the herald.

The particulars

The text
Ἰλιάς, Homer. The Ransom of Hector.
Translation
Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
Reading aloud
Digital narration in reconstructed pronunciation, shaped to the hexameter.
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The same text on your phone, your place kept, the audio offline. Inside the Odyssey app, $4.99.
Words
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Data
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Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.