Ancient Greek · The Ransom of Hector
Ἰλιάδος Ψ
Book 23. The Funeral Games for Patroclus
The funeral of Patroclus. His ghost visits Achilles. The Greeks hold games in his honor.
Tap a line to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.
- 1
So they lamented through the city; but the Achaeans,
Metre
ὣςοἳμὲνστενάχοντο‖κατὰπτόλιναὐτὰρἈχαιοὶ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to στενάχοντοοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of στενάχοντομὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleστενάχοντοgroaningστενάχω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionπτόλινthe cityπόλις · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰαὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἵκοντο - 2
when they had reached the ships and the Hellespont,
ἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἵκοντοδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleνῆάςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἙλλήσποντονHellespontἙλλήσποντος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶἵκοντοreachedἱκνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἐσκίδναντο - 3
They scattered, each man to his own ship,
Metre
οἳμὲνἄρἐσκίδναντο‖ἑὴνἐπὶνῆαἕκαστος
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐσκίδναντομὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐσκίδναντοscatteredσκίδνημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἑὴνownἑός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionνῆαshipναῦς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐπὶἕκαστοςeachἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 4
but Achilles would not let the Myrmidons scatter.
Metre
Μυρμιδόναςοὐκεἴα‖ἀποσκίδνασθαιἈχιλλεύς
ΜυρμιδόναςMyrmidonsΜυρμιδόνες · accusative plural masculine nounobject of εἴαδbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleεἴαwould letἐάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀποσκίδνασθαιscatterἀποσκίδναμαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of εἴαἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἴα - 5
Instead he addressed his war-loving companions:
Metre
ἀλλὅγεοἷςἑτάροισι‖φιλοπτολέμοισιμετηύδα
ἀλλinsteadἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μετηύδαγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleοἷςhis ownἐός · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροισιἑτάροισιcompanionsἑταῖρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of μετηύδαφιλοπτολέμοισιwar-lovingφιλοπόλεμος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροισιμετηύδαaddressedμεταυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 6
"Myrmidons, swift with horses, my trusty companions,
Metre
Μυρμιδόνεςταχύπωλοι‖ἐμοὶἐρίηρεςἑταῖροι
ΜυρμιδόνεςMyrmidonsΜυρμιδόνες · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headταχύπωλοιswift-horsedταχύπωλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Μυρμιδόνεςἐμοὶmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἑταῖροιἐρίηρεςtrustedἐρίηρος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖροιἑταῖροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 7
let us not yet loose our single-hoofed horses from the chariots,
Metre
μὴδήπωὑπὄχεσφι‖λυώμεθαμώνυχαςἵππους
μὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleδήindeedδή · particlesentence particleπωyetπω · particleadverbial to λυώμεθαὑπfromὑπό · prepositionprepositionὄχεσφιchariotsὄχος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπ̓λυώμεθαlooseλύω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbμώνυχαςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of λυώμεθα - 8
but with the horses and chariots themselves let us draw near
Metre
ἀλλαὐτοῖςἵπποισι‖καὶἅρμασινἆσσονἰόντες
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὐτοῖςthemselvesαὐτός · dative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἵπποισιhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἅρμασινchariotsἅρμα · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶἆσσονnearerἆσσον · adverbobject of ἰόντεςἰόντεςgoingεἶμι · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to κλαίωμεν - 9
and mourn Patroclus; for that is the honor due the dead.
Metre
Πάτροκλονκλαίωμεν‖ὃγὰργέραςἐστὶθανόντων
ΠάτροκλονPatroclusΠάτροκλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κλαίωμενκλαίωμενlet us mournκλαίω · present active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbὃthatὅς · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of ἐστὶγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleγέραςhonorγέρας · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounἐστὶisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθανόντωνdeadθνήσκω · aorist active participle, genitive plural masculinemodifies γέρας - 10
But when we have taken our fill of bitter lament,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐπείὀλοοῖο‖τεταρπώμεσθαγόοιο
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐπείwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to τεταρπώμεσθακmayἄν · particlesentence particleὀλοοῖοbitterὀλοός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies γόοιοτεταρπώμεσθαwe take our fillτέρπω · aorist middle subjunctive, 1st plural verbadverbial to δορπήσομενγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of τεταρπώμεσθα - 11
we shall loose the horses and all take supper here."
Metre
ἵππουςλυσάμενοι‖δορπήσομενἐνθάδεπάντες
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of λυσάμενοιλυσάμενοιhaving loosedλύω · aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to δορπήσομενδορπήσομενtake supperδορπέω · future active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbἐνθάδεhereἐνθάδε · adverbadverbial to δορπήσομενπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of δορπήσομεν - 12
So he spoke, and they wailed together, Achilles leading.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳᾤμωξαν‖ἀολλέεςἦρχεἈχιλλεύς
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ᾤμωξανδandδέ · particlesentence particleᾤμωξανwailedοἰμώζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀολλέεςtogetherἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἦρχεledἄρχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦρχε - 13
Three times around the corpse they drove their lovely-maned horses,
Metre
οἳδὲτρὶςπερὶνεκρὸν‖ἐΰτριχαςἤλασανἵππους
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἤλασανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτρὶςthree timesτρίς · adverbadverbial to ἤλασανπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionνεκρὸνcorpseνεκρός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of περὶἐΰτριχαςlovely-manedεὖθριξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἤλασανdroveἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἤλασαν - 14
weeping; and among them Thetis stirred desire for lament.
Metre
μυρόμενοιμετὰδέ‖σφιΘέτιςγόουἵμερονὦρσε
μυρόμενοιweepingμύρω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἤλασανμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσφιthemσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to μετὰΘέτιςThetisΘέτις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὦρσεγόουlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵμερονἵμερονdesireἵμερος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὦρσεὦρσεstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 15
The sands were wet, and wet were the warriors' arms
Metre
δεύοντοψάμαθοι‖δεύοντοδὲτεύχεαφωτῶν
δεύοντοwere soakedδεύω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbψάμαθοιthe sandsψάμαθος · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of δεύοντοδεύοντοwere soakedδεύω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεύχεαarmsτεῦχος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of δεύοντοφωτῶνwarriorsφώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τεύχεα - 16
with tears; so deeply they missed that master of rout.
Metre
δάκρυσιτοῖονγὰρ‖πόθεονμήστωραφόβοιο
δάκρυσιwith tearsδάκρυον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to δεύοντοτοῖονsuch aτοῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies μήστωραγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleπόθεονlonged forποθέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbμήστωραmasterμήστωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πόθεονφόβοιοof routφόβος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μήστωρα - 17
The son of Peleus led them in the piercing dirge,
Metre
τοῖσιδὲΠηλεΐδης‖ἁδινοῦἐξῆρχεγόοιο
τοῖσιfor themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἐξῆρχεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξῆρχεἁδινοῦpiercingἀδινός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies γόοιοἐξῆρχεledἐξάρχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐξῆρχε - 18
laying his man-slaying hands upon his companion's chest
Metre
χεῖραςἐπἀνδροφόνους‖θέμενοςστήθεσσινἑταίρου
χεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of θέμενοςἐπuponἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleἀνδροφόνουςman-slayingἀνδροφόνος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖραςθέμενοςhaving laidτίθημι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐξῆρχεστήθεσσινchestστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounobject of θέμενοςἑταίρουcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies στήθεσσιν - 19
"Farewell, Patroclus, even in the house of Hades.
Metre
χαῖρέμοιὦΠάτροκλε‖καὶεἰνἈΐδαοδόμοισι
χαῖρέfarewellχαίρω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of χαῖρέὦoὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleΠάτροκλεPatroclusΠάτροκλος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleεἰνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἈΐδαοHadesᾍδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δόμοισιδόμοισιhouseδόμος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to εἰν - 20
All that I promised you before I now fulfill:
Metre
πάνταγὰρἤδητοι‖τελέωτὰπάροιθενὑπέστην
πάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of τελέωγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἤδηnowἤδη · adverbadverbial to τελέωτοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to τελέωτελέωI fulfillτελέω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτὰall thatὁ · accusative plural neuter pronounobjectπάροιθενbeforeπάροιθε · adverbadverbial to ὑπέστηνὑπέστηνI promisedὑφίστημι · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing πάντα - 21
I shall drag Hector here and give him raw for dogs to tear,
Metre
Ἕκτοραδεῦρἐρύσας‖δώσεινκυσὶνὠμὰδάσασθαι
ἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐρύσαςδεῦρhereδεῦρο · adverbobject of ἐρύσαςἐρύσαςhaving draggedἐρύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δώσεινδώσεινto giveδίδωμι · future active infinitiveobject of δὲκυσὶνdogsκύων · dative plural masculine nounobject of δώσεινὠμὰrawὠμός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to δάσασθαιδάσασθαιdevourδατέομαι · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to δώσειν - 22
and before your pyre cut the throats of twelve glorious Trojan youths,
Metre
δώδεκαδὲπροπάροιθε‖πυρῆςἀποδειροτομήσειν
δώδεκαtwelveδώδεκα · numeralmodifies τέκναδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροπάροιθεbeforeπροπάροιθε · prepositionprepositionπυρῆςof the pyreπυρή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to προπάροιθεἀποδειροτομήσεινcut the throatsἀποδειροτομέω · future active infinitiveobject of δὲ - 23
in wrath at your death.
Metre
Τρώωνἀγλαὰτέκνα‖σέθενκταμένοιοχολωθείς
Τρώωνof TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τέκναἀγλαὰgloriousἀγλαός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τέκνατέκναsonsτέκνον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀποδειροτομήσεινσέθενyouσύ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of χολωθείςκταμένοιοslainκτείνω · aorist middle participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementχολωθείςenragedχολόω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀποδειροτομήσειν - 24
So he spoke, and devised shameful treatment for godlike Hector:
Metre
ἦῥακαὶἝκτοραδῖον‖ἀεικέαμήδετοἔργα
ἦhe spokeἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαsoἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μήδετοδῖονgodlikeδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτοραἀεικέαshamefulἀεικής · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαμήδετοdevisedμήδομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔργαdeedsἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of μήδετο - 25
he stretched him face down in the dust beside the bier
Metre
πρηνέαπὰρλεχέεσσι‖Μενοιτιάδαοτανύσσας
πρηνέαface downπρηνής · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementπὰρbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionλεχέεσσιbierλέχος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to πὰρΜενοιτιάδαοMenoetius's sonΜενοιτιάδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies λεχέεσσιτανύσσαςhaving stretchedτανύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μήδετο - 26
of Menoetius' son. Each man stripped off his armor,
Metre
ἐνκονίῃςοἳἔντε‖ἀφωπλίζοντοἕκαστος
ἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃςthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀφωπλίζοντοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔντεarmorἔντεα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀφωπλίζοντοἀφωπλίζοντοstripped offἀφοπλίζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἕκαστοςeach manἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 27
the gleaming bronze, and loosed the high-necked horses,
χάλκεαbronzeχάλκεος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔντἐμαρμαίρονταgleamingμαρμαίρω · present active participle, accusative plural neutermodifies ἔντἐλύονloosedλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὑψηχέαςhigh-neckedὑψηχής · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of λύον - 28
and by the ship of the fleet-footed son of Aeacus
Metre
κὰδἷζονπαρὰνηῒ‖ποδώκεοςΑἰακίδαο
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἷζονsatἵζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηῒshipναῦς · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to παρὰποδώκεοςswift-footedποδώκης · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἰακίδαοΑἰακίδαοson of AeacusΑἰακίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies νηῒ - 29
they sat in thousands; and he gave them a funeral feast to satisfy the heart.
Metre
μυρίοιαὐτὰρὃτοῖσι‖τάφονμενοεικέαδαίνυ
μυρίοιthousandsμυρίος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἷζοναὐτὰρandἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δαίνυτοῖσιthemὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to δαίνυτάφονfuneral feastτάφος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of δαίνυμενοεικέαheart-satisfyingμενοεικής · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τάφονδαίνυgive a feastδαίνυμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 30
Many white cattle bellowed around the iron
Metre
πολλοὶμὲνβόεςἀργοὶ‖ὀρέχθεονἀμφὶσιδήρῳ
πολλοὶmanyπολύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies βόεςμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleβόεςcattleβοῦς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ὀρέχθεονἀργοὶwhiteἀργός · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies βόεςὀρέχθεονbellowedὀρεχθέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionσιδήρῳironσίδηρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶ - 31
as they were slaughtered, and many sheep and bleating goats;
Metre
σφαζόμενοιπολλοὶ‖ὄϊεςκαὶμηκάδεςαἶγες
σφαζόμενοιbeing slaughteredσφάζω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ὀρέχθεονπολλοὶmanyπολύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄϊεςsheepὄις · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμηκάδεςbleatingμηκάς · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies αἶγεςαἶγεςgoatsαἴξ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶ - 32
and many white-tusked swine, rich with fat,
Metre
πολλοὶἀργιόδοντες‖ὕεςθαλέθοντεςἀλοιφῇ
πολλοὶmanyπολύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὕεςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀργιόδοντεςwhite-tuskedἀργιόδους · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὕεςὕεςpigsὗς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τανύοντοθαλέθοντεςthrivingθαλέθω · present active participle, nominative plural masculinemodifies ὕεςἀλοιφῇwith fatἀλοιφή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to θαλέθοντες - 33
were singed and stretched across the flame of Hephaestus,
Metre
εὑόμενοιτανύοντο‖διὰφλογὸςἩφαίστοιο
εὑόμενοιbeing singedεὕω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τανύοντοτανύοντοwere stretchedτανύω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδιὰacrossδιά · prepositionprepositionφλογὸςflameφλόξ · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to διὰἩφαίστοιοof HephaestusἭφαιστος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies φλογὸς - 34
everywhere around the corpse, blood ran deep enough to fill cups.
Metre
πάντῃἀμφὶνέκυν‖κοτυλήρυτονἔρρεεναἷμα
πάντῃeverywhereπάντῃ · adverbadverbial to ἔρρεενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionνέκυνcorpseνέκυς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶκοτυλήρυτονcup-deepκοτυλήρυτος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies αἷμαἔρρεενranῥέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἷμαbloodαἷμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔρρεεν - 35
But the Achaean kings led the lord, the fleet son of Peleus,
Metre
αὐτὰρτόνγεἄνακτα‖ποδώκεαΠηλεΐωνα
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleτόνtheὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounmodifies Πηλεΐωναγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἄνακταlordἄναξ · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Πηλεΐωναποδώκεαswift-footedποδώκης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠηλεΐωναΠηλεΐωναson of PeleusΠηλείων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἄγον - 36
to godlike Agamemnon,
Metre
εἰςἈγαμέμνοναδῖον‖ἄγονβασιλῆεςἈχαιῶν
εἰςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἈγαμέμνοναAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἰςδῖονgodlikeδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀγαμέμνοναἄγονledἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβασιλῆεςkingsβασιλεύς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἄγονἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies βασιλῆες - 37
persuading him only with effort, for his heart raged over his companion.
Metre
σπουδῇπαρπεπιθόντες‖ἑταίρουχωόμενονκῆρ
σπουδῇwith effortσπουδή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to παρπεπιθόντεςπαρπεπιθόντεςhaving persuadedπαραπείθω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἄγονἑταίρουcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of χωόμενονχωόμενονenragedχώομαι · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementκῆρheartκῆρ · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to χωόμενον - 38
When they came on their way to Agamemnon's shelter,
Metre
οἳὅτεδὴκλισίην‖Ἀγαμέμνονοςἷξονἰόντες
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of κέλευσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἷξονδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleκλισίηνshelterκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἷξονἈγαμέμνονοςof AgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κλισίηνἷξονthey cameἵκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to κέλευσανἰόντεςas they wentεἶμι · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἷξον - 39
at once they ordered the clear-voiced heralds
Metre
αὐτίκακηρύκεσσι‖λιγυφθόγγοισικέλευσαν
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to κέλευσανκηρύκεσσιheraldsκῆρυξ · dative plural masculine nounobject of κέλευσανλιγυφθόγγοισιclear-voicedλιγύφθογγος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies κηρύκεσσικέλευσανorderedκελεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 40
to set a great tripod over the fire, in hope they might persuade
Metre
ἀμφὶπυρὶστῆσαι‖τρίποδαμέγανεἰπεπίθοιεν
ἀμφὶoverἀμφί · prepositionprepositionπυρὶfireπῦρ · dative singular neuter nounobject of ἀμφὶστῆσαιto setἵστημι · aorist active infinitiveobject of κέλευσαντρίποδαa tripodτρίπους · accusative singular masculine nounobject of στῆσαιμέγανgreatμέγας · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδαεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπεπίθοιενthey might persuadeπείθω · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to εἰ - 41
the son of Peleus to wash away the bloody gore.
Metre
Πηλεΐδηνλούσασθαι‖ἄποβρότοναἱματόεντα
Πηλεΐδηνson of PeleusΠηλείδης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πεπίθοιενλούσασθαιto washλούω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of πεπίθοιενἄποawayἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleβρότονgoreβρότος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of λούσασθαιαἱματόενταbloodyαἱματόεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies βρότον - 42
But he refused steadfastly and swore an oath besides:
Metre
αὐτὰρὅἠρνεῖτο‖στερεῶςἐπὶὅρκονὄμοσσεν
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓γindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἠρνεῖτοrefusedἀρνέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbστερεῶςsteadfastlyστερεός · adverbadverbial to ἠρνεῖτοἐπὶbesidesἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὅρκονoathὅρκος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὄμοσσενὄμοσσενsworeὄμνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 43
"No, by Zeus, who is highest and best of the gods,
Metre
οὐμὰΖῆνὅςτίς‖τεθεῶνὕπατοςκαὶἄριστος
οὐnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὰbyμά · particleemphasizing particleΖῆνZeusΖεύς · accusative singular masculine nounsentence particleὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectτίςwhoτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςτεandτε · particlesentence particleθεῶνof the godsθεός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies καὶὕπατοςhighestὕπατος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 44
it is not right for washing-water to come near my head
Metre
οὐθέμιςἐστὶλοετρὰ‖καρήατοςἆσσονἱκέσθαι
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleθέμιςrightθέμις · nominative singular feminine nounpredicate nounἐστὶisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλοετρὰbathwaterλουτρόν · accusative plural neuter nounsubject of ἱκέσθαικαρήατοςheadκάρα · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἆσσονἆσσονnearἆσσον · prepositionprepositionἱκέσθαιto comeἱκνέομαι · aorist middle infinitivesubject of ἐστὶ - 45
before I place Patroclus in the fire, heap up his mound,
Metre
πρίνἐνὶΠάτροκλον‖θέμεναιπυρὶσῆμάτεχεῦαι
πρίνbeforeπρίν · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐνὶinἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleΠάτροκλονPatroclusΠάτροκλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θέμεναιθέμεναιto placeτίθημι · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to τεπυρὶfireπῦρ · dative singular neuter nounobject of θέμεναισῆμάmoundσῆμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of χεῦαιτεandτε · particlesentence particleχεῦαιheap upχέω · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to τε - 46
and cut my hair; for never again will grief like this
Metre
κείρασθαίτεκόμην‖ἐπεὶοὔἔτιδεύτερονὧδε
κείρασθαίcut awayκείρω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordκόμηνhairκόμη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κείρασθαίἐπεὶforἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἵξετ̓ἔτιagainἔτι · adverbadverbial to ἵξετ̓δεύτερονanotherδεύτερος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄχοςὧδεlike thisὧδε · adverbadverbial to ἵξετ̓ - 47
reach my heart while I remain among the living.
Metre
ἵξετἄχοςκραδίην‖ὄφραζωοῖσιμετείω
ἵξετwill reachἱκνέομαι · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶἄχοςgriefἄχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἵξετ̓κραδίηνheartκαρδία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἵξετ̓ὄφραwhileὄφρα · adverbadverbial to μετείωζωοῖσιthe livingζωός · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of μετείωμετείωremain amongμέτειμι · present active subjunctive, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἵξετ̓ - 48
Yet now let us submit to the hateful feast;
Metre
ἀλλἤτοινῦνμὲν‖στυγερῇπειθώμεθαδαιτί
ἀλλyetἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἤτοιsurelyἤτοι · particlesentence particleνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to πειθώμεθαμὲνfor nowμέν · particlesentence particleστυγερῇhatefulστυγερός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δαιτίπειθώμεθαlet us obeyπείθω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbδαιτίfeastδαίς · dative singular feminine nounobject of πειθώμεθα - 49
but at dawn, Agamemnon, lord of men, command them
ἠῶθενat dawnἠῶθεν · adverbadverbial to ὄτρυνονδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄτρυνονurge onὀτρύνω · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἄναξlordἄναξ · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀγάμεμνονἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἄναξἈγάμεμνονAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 50
to bring wood and provide all that is fitting
Metre
ὕληνἀξέμεναι‖παράτεσχεῖνὅσσἐπιεικὲς
ὕληνthe woodὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀξέμεναιτandτε · particlesentence particleἀξέμεναιbringἄγω · aorist active infinitiveobject of τεπαράbesideπαρά · prepositionemphasizing particleτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordσχεῖνprovideἔχω · aorist active infinitiveobject of τεὅσσall thatὅσος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἔχονταἐπιεικὲςfittingἐπιεικής · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate noun - 51
for one who has died to go beneath the misty dark,
Metre
νεκρὸνἔχοντανέεσθαι‖ὑπὸζόφονἠερόεντα
νεκρὸνdead manνεκρός · accusative singular masculine nounsubject of νέεσθαιἔχονταhasἔχω · present active participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to νέεσθαινέεσθαιto goνέομαι · present medio-passive infinitivesubjectὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionζόφονdarknessζόφος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὑπὸἠερόενταmistyἠερόεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ζόφον - 52
so that tireless fire may burn him quickly
Metre
ὄφρἤτοιτοῦτον‖μὲνἐπιφλέγῃἀκάματονπῦρ
ὄφρso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἤτοιindeedἤτοι · particlesentence particleτοῦτονhimοὗτος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπιφλέγῃμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἐπιφλέγῃburn upἐπιφλέγω · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δ̓ἀκάματονtirelessἀκάματος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πῦρπῦρfireπῦρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐπιφλέγῃ - 53
from our sight, and the people turn to their work."
Metre
θᾶσσονἀπὀφθαλμῶν‖λαοὶἐπὶἔργατράπωνται
θᾶσσονmore quicklyταχύς · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectiveadverbial to ἐπιφλέγῃἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionὀφθαλμῶνour sightὀφθαλμός · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ἀπ̓λαοὶthe peopleλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τράπωνταιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionἔργαworkἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἐπὶτράπωνταιturnτρέπω · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓ - 54
So he spoke, and they listened closely and obeyed him.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄρατοῦ‖μάλαμὲνκλύονἠδὲπίθοντο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἠδὲδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleτοῦhimὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of κλύονμάλαcloselyμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἠδὲμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκλύονlistenedκλύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπίθοντοobeyedπείθω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 55
Each man swiftly made his supper ready,
Metre
ἐσσυμένωςἄραδόρπον‖ἐφοπλίσσαντεςἕκαστοι
ἐσσυμένωςeagerlyἐσσύμενος · adverbadverbial to ἐφοπλίσσαντεςδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleδόρπονsupperδόρπος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐφοπλίσσαντεςἐφοπλίσσαντεςhaving preparedἐφοπλίζω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to δαίνυντ̓ἕκαστοιeachἕκαστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 56
they feasted, and no heart lacked its share of the fair-shared feast.
Metre
δαίνυντοὐδέτιθυμὸς‖ἐδεύετοδαιτὸςἐΐσης
δαίνυντthey feastedδαίνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἐδεύετοθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐδεύετοἐδεύετοlackedδέω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδαιτὸςfeastδαίς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐδεύετοἐΐσηςfair-sharedἔισος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies δαιτὸς - 57
But when they had put from them the desire for drink and food,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐπεὶπόσιος‖καὶἐδητύοςἐξἔρονἕντο
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἕντοπόσιοςdrinkπόσις · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐδητύοςfoodἐδητύς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies καὶἐξfromἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleἔρονdesireἔρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἕντοἕντοhad put from themἵημι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἔβαν - 58
the others went each to his shelter to lie down,
Metre
οἳμὲνκακκείοντες‖ἔβανκλισίηνδὲἕκαστος
οἳothersὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔβανμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleκακκείοντεςto lie downκατακείω · future active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔβανἔβανwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκλισίηνshelterκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔβανδὲtoδέ · particleemphasizing particleἕκαστοςeachἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 59
but the son of Peleus lay on the shore of the loud-roaring sea,
Metre
Πηλεΐδηςἐπὶθινὶ‖πολυφλοίσβοιοθαλάσσης
Πηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κεῖτοδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionθινὶshoreθίς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπὶπολυφλοίσβοιοloud-roaringπολύφλοισβος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies θαλάσσηςθαλάσσηςseaθάλασσα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies θινὶ - 60
groaning heavily among his many Myrmidons,
Metre
κεῖτοβαρὺστενάχων‖πολέσινμετὰΜυρμιδόνεσσιν
κεῖτοlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβαρὺheavilyβαρύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to στενάχωνστενάχωνgroaningστενάχω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοπολέσινmanyπολύς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Μυρμιδόνεσσινμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionΜυρμιδόνεσσινMyrmidonsΜυρμιδόνες · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰ - 61
in an open place where waves washed over the strand.
Metre
ἐνκαθαρῷὅθικύματ‖ἐπἠϊόνοςκλύζεσκον
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκαθαρῷclearκαθαρός · dative singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἐνὅθιwhereὅθι · adverbadverbial to κλύζεσκονκύματwavesκῦμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of κλύζεσκονἐπoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionἠϊόνοςshoreἠιών · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐπ̓κλύζεσκονwashed overκλύζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing καθαρῷ - 62
When sleep seized him, easing the cares of his heart,
Metre
εὖτετὸνὕπνοςἔμαρπτε‖λύωνμελεδήματαθυμοῦ
εὖτεwhenεὖτε · adverbadverbial to ἔμαρπτετὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔμαρπτεὕπνοςsleepὕπνος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔμαρπτεἔμαρπτεseizedμάρπτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbialλύωνloosedλύω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔμαρπτεμελεδήματαcaresμελέδημα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of λύωνθυμοῦheartθυμός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μελεδήματα - 63
sweet sleep poured around him; for his splendid limbs were utterly weary
Metre
νήδυμοςἀμφιχυθείς‖μάλαγὰρκάμεφαίδιμαγυῖα
νήδυμοςsweetνήδυμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀμφιχυθείςpoured aroundἀμφιχέω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔμαρπτεμάλαutterlyμάλα · adverbadverbial to κάμεγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκάμεhe weariedκάμνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφαίδιμαsplendidφαίδιμος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies γυῖαγυῖαlimbsγυῖον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of κάμε - 64
from chasing Hector toward windy Ilion,
Metre
Ἕκτορἐπαΐσσων‖προτὶἼλιονἠνεμόεσσαν
ἝκτορHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπαΐσσωνἐπαΐσσωνrushing at himἐπαίσσω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κάμεπροτὶtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionἼλιονIlionἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of προτὶἠνεμόεσσανwindyἠνεμόεις · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιον - 65
the shade of poor Patroclus came to him,
Metre
ἦλθεἐπὶψυχὴ‖Πατροκλῆοςδειλοῖο
ἦλθεcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleψυχὴshadeψυχή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἦλθεΠατροκλῆοςof PatroclusΠάτροκλος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ψυχὴδειλοῖοpoorδειλός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πατροκλῆος - 66
like him in every way—in stature and lovely eyes,
Metre
πάνταὐτῷμέγεθός‖τεκαὶὄμματακάλἐϊκυῖα
πάντin every wayπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbialαὐτῷhimαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐϊκυῖαμέγεθόςstatureμέγεθος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleὄμματαeyesὄμμα · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶκάλlovelyκάλη · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ὄμματαἐϊκυῖαlikeεἰκός · perfect active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἦλθε - 67
and voice—and such clothes were wrapped about his body.
Metre
καὶφωνήνκαὶτοῖα‖περὶχροῒεἵματαἕστο
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordφωνήνvoiceφωνή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτοῖαsuchτοῖος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies εἵματαπερὶaboutπερί · prepositionprepositionχροῒhis bodyχρώς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to περὶεἵματαgarmentsεἷμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἕστοἕστοclothedἕννυμι · pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 68
He stood above his head and spoke these words to him:
Metre
στῆἄρὑπὲρκεφαλῆς‖καίμινπρὸςμῦθονἔειπεν
στῆstoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleὑπὲρaboveὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionκεφαλῆςheadκεφαλή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὲρκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔειπενπρὸςtoπρός · prepositionemphasizing particleμῦθονwordsμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 69
"You sleep, Achilles, and have become forgetful of me.
Metre
εὕδειςαὐτὰρἐμεῖο‖λελασμένοςἔπλευἈχιλλεῦ
εὕδειςyou sleepεὕδω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbαὐτὰρandἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐμεῖοmeἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of λελασμένοςλελασμένοςforgetfulλανθάνω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔπλευἔπλευbecameπέλω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἈχιλλεῦAchillesἈχιλλεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 70
You did not neglect me while I lived, but now you do in death.
Metre
οὐμένμευζώοντος‖ἀκήδειςἀλλὰθανόντος
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμένsurelyμέν · particlesentence particleμευmeἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἀκήδειςζώοντοςaliveζώω · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἀκήδειςneglectedἀκηδέω · imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordθανόντοςwhen deadθνήσκω · aorist active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 71
Bury me with all speed, that I may pass the gates of Hades.
Metre
θάπτέμεὅττιτάχιστα‖πύλαςἈΐδαοπερήσω
θάπτέburyθάπτω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of θάπτέὅττιasὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτάχισταwith all speedταχύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to περήσωπύλαςgatesπύλη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of περήσωἈΐδαοHadesᾍδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πύλαςπερήσωmay pass throughπεράω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verbadverbial to ὅττι - 72
Far off the shades, phantoms of the worn-out dead, keep me,
τῆλέfar offτῆλε · adverbadverbial to εἴργουσιμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of εἴργουσιεἴργουσιkeep awayἔργω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbψυχαὶsoulsψυχή · nominative plural feminine nounsubjectεἴδωλαphantomsεἴδωλον · nominative plural neuter nounsubjectκαμόντωνthe deadκάμνω · aorist active participle, genitive plural masculinemodifies εἴδωλα - 73
nor do they yet allow me to mingle beyond the river,
Metre
οὐδέμέπωμίσγεσθαι‖ὑπὲρποταμοῖοἐῶσιν
μέmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of μίσγεσθαιπωyetπω · particleadverbial to ἐῶσινμίσγεσθαιto mingleμίγνυμι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἐῶσινὑπὲρbeyondὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionποταμοῖοriverποταμός · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπὲρἐῶσινallowἐάω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 74
but so I wander beside the wide-gated house of Hades.
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὔτωςidlyαὔτως · adverbadverbial to ἀλάλημαιἀλάλημαιI wanderἀλάλημαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἀνthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionεὐρυπυλὲςwide-gatedεὐρυπυλής · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δῶἌϊδοςof HadesἈίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δῶδῶhouseδῶμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀν̓ - 75
Give me your hand; I grieve, for never again
Metre
καίμοιδὸςτὴνχεῖρ‖ὀλοφύρομαιοὐγὰρἔταὖτις
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμοιmeἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δὸςδὸςgiveδίδωμι · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbτὴνtheὁ · accusative singular feminine articlemodifies χεῖῤχεῖρhandχείρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δὸςὀλοφύρομαιI grieveὀλοφύρομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbοὐneverοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesubordinating conjunctionἔτagainἔτι · adverbadverbial to νίσομαιαὖτιςagainαὖθις · adverbadverbial to νίσομαι - 76
shall I return from Hades once you have given me my share of fire.
Metre
νίσομαιἐξἈΐδαο‖ἐπήνμεπυρὸςλελάχητε
νίσομαιshall returnνίσσομαι · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to γὰρἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionἈΐδαοHadesᾍδης · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐξἐπήνonceἐπήν · adverbadverbial to λελάχητεμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λελάχητεπυρὸςfireπῦρ · genitive singular neuter nounobject of λελάχητελελάχητεmay grant a shareλαγχάνω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verbadverbial to νίσομαι - 77
For never again alive, apart from our dear companions,
Metre
οὐμὲνγὰρζωοί‖γεφίλωνἀπάνευθενἑταίρων
οὐneverοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὲνsurelyμέν · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleζωοίaliveζωός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγεeverγε · particleemphasizing particleφίλωνdearφίλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταίρωνἀπάνευθενapart fromἀπάνευθε · prepositionprepositionἑταίρωνcompanionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ἀπάνευθεν - 78
shall we sit and take counsel; but a hateful doom
Metre
βουλὰςἑζόμενοι‖βουλεύσομενἀλλἐμὲμὲνκὴρ
βουλὰςcounselβουλή · accusative plural feminine nounobject of βουλεύσομενἑζόμενοιsittingἕζομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to βουλεύσομενβουλεύσομενshall take counselβουλεύω · future active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφέχανεμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleκὴρdoomκήρ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἀμφέχανε - 79
has opened wide around me, the doom allotted me at birth.
Metre
ἀμφέχανεστυγερή‖ἥπερλάχεγιγνόμενόνπερ
ἀμφέχανεopened wide aroundἀμφιχάσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbστυγερήhatefulστυγερός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κὴρἥwhichὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of λάχεπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleλάχεclaimed meλαγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing κὴργιγνόμενόνas I was bornγίγνομαι · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculineobject of λάχεπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 80
And your own fate too, Achilles, peer of the gods,
Metre
καὶδὲσοὶαὐτῷμοῖρα‖θεοῖςἐπιείκελἈχιλλεῦ
καὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσοὶto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbialαὐτῷyourselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμοῖραfateμοῖρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectθεοῖςgodsθεός · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐπιείκελ̓ἐπιείκελpeer of godsἐπιείκελος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεῦἈχιλλεῦAchillesἈχιλλεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 81
is to die beneath the wall of the prosperous Trojans.
τείχειwallτεῖχος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ὕποὕποbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionΤρώωνof TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τείχειεὐηφενέωνwealthyεὐηφενής · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρώωνἀπολέσθαιto dieἀπόλλυμι · aorist middle infinitivepredicate noun - 82
One more thing I shall tell and charge you, if you will obey:
Metre
ἄλλοδέτοιἐρέω‖καὶἐφήσομαιαἴκεπίθηαι
ἄλλοanother thingἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐρέωδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐρέωἐρέωwill tellἐρῶ · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐφήσομαιshall chargeἐφίημι · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbαἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκεmayἄν · particlesentence particleπίθηαιobeyπείθω · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to αἴ - 83
do not set my bones apart from yours, Achilles,
Metre
μὴἐμὰσῶνἀπάνευθε‖τιθήμεναιὀστέἈχιλλεῦ
μὴdo notμή · particleemphasizing particleἐμὰmyἐμός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ὀστέ̓σῶνyoursσός · genitive plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἀπάνευθεἀπάνευθεapart fromἀπάνευθε · prepositionprepositionτιθήμεναιsetτίθημι · present active infinitivemain verbὀστέbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of τιθήμεναιἈχιλλεῦAchillesἈχιλλεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 84
but together, as we were reared in your house,
Metre
ἀλλὁμοῦὡςἐτράφημεν‖ἐνὑμετέροισιδόμοισιν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὁμοῦtogetherὁμοῦ · adverbobjectὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to ἐτράφημενἐτράφημενwere rearedτρέφω · aorist passive indicative, 1st plural verbadverbialἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionὑμετέροισιyourὑμέτερος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies δόμοισινδόμοισινhallsδόμος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐν - 85
when Menoetius brought me, still a little child, from Opoeis
Metre
εὖτέμετυτθὸνἐόντα‖ΜενοίτιοςἐξὈπόεντος
εὖτέwhenεὖτε · adverbadverbial to ἤγαγενμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἤγαγεντυτθὸνa littleτυτθός · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐόνταbeingεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies μεΜενοίτιοςMenoetiusΜενοίτιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤγαγενἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionὈπόεντοςOpoeisὈπόεις · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐξ - 86
to your home because of a grievous killing,
Metre
ἤγαγενὑμέτερόνδ‖ἀνδροκτασίηςὕπολυγρῆς
ἤγαγενbroughtἄγω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐτράφημενὑμέτερόνδto your homeὑμέτερος · adverbobject of ἤγαγενἀνδροκτασίηςkillingἀνδροκτασία · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὕποὕποbecause ofὑπό · prepositionprepositionλυγρῆςgrievousλυγρός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀνδροκτασίης - 87
on the day when I killed Amphidamas' son,
Metre
ἤματιτῷὅτεπαῖδα‖κατέκτανονἈμφιδάμαντος
ἤματιon the dayἦμαρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἤγαγεντῷtheὁ · dative singular neuter articlemodifies ἤματιὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to κατέκτανονπαῖδαsonπαῖς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κατέκτανονκατέκτανονkilledκατακτείνω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing ἤματιἈμφιδάμαντοςof AmphidamasἈμφιδάμας · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies παῖδα - 88
foolishly and unwillingly, angered over knucklebones.
Metre
νήπιοςοὐκἐθέλων‖ἀμφἀστραγάλοισιχολωθείς
νήπιοςfoolishνήπιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐθέλωνwillingἐθέλω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κατέκτανονἀμφoverἀμφί · prepositionprepositionἀστραγάλοισιknucklebonesἀστράγαλος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφ̓χολωθείςangeredχολόω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κατέκτανον - 89
Then Peleus the horseman received me in his halls,
ἔνθάthenἔνθα · adverbadverbial to καὶμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of δεξάμενοςδεξάμενοςhaving receivedδέχομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to καὶἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδώμασινhallsδῶμα · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐνἱππόταhorsemanἱππότης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠηλεὺςΠηλεὺςPeleusΠηλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 90
reared me with care, and named me your attendant.
Metre
ἔτραφέἐνδυκέως‖καὶσὸνθεράποντὀνόμηνεν
ἔτραφέrearedτρέφω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτandτε · particlesentence particleἐνδυκέωςwith careἐνδυκέως · adverbadverbial to ἔτραφέκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσὸνyourσός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θεράποντ̓θεράποντattendantθεράπων · accusative singular masculine nouncomplement of ὀνόμηνενὀνόμηνενnamedὀνομαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 91
So may one urn enfold the bones of us both,
Metre
ὣςδὲκαὶὀστέανῶϊν‖ὁμὴσορὸςἀμφικαλύπτοι
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἀμφικαλύπτοιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶalsoκαί · adverbsentence particleὀστέαbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀμφικαλύπτοινῶϊνus bothἐγώ · dative dual masculine pronounmodifies ὀστέαὁμὴoneὁμός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies σορὸςσορὸςurnσορός · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectἀμφικαλύπτοιmay enfoldἀμφικαλύπτω · present active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 92
the golden two-handled jar your queenly mother gave you."
Metre
χρύσεοςἀμφιφορεύς‖τόντοιπόρεπότνιαμήτηρ
χρύσεοςgoldenχρύσεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀμφιφορεύςἀμφιφορεύςtwo-handled jarἀμφιφορεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectτόνwhichὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of πόρετοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of πόρεπόρεgaveπόρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀμφιφορεύςπότνιαqueenlyπότνια · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μήτηρμήτηρmotherμήτηρ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of πόρε - 93
Then swift-footed Achilles answered him and said:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέφηδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀπαμειβόμενοςansweringἀπαμείβομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέφηπροσέφηsaidπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ὠκὺςὠκὺςswiftὠκύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέφη - 94
"Why, dear heart, have you come here
Metre
τίπτέμοιἠθείη‖κεφαλὴδεῦρεἰλήλουθας
τίπτέwhyτίπτε · adverbadverbial to καίμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to εἰλήλουθαςἠθείηdearἠθεῖος · vocative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κεφαλὴκεφαλὴheadκεφαλή · vocative singular feminine noungoverned by an elided headδεῦρhereδεῦρο · adverbobject of εἰλήλουθαςεἰλήλουθαςhave you comeἔρχομαι · perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 95
and laid each of these commands upon me? I shall indeed
Metre
καίμοιταῦταἕκαστ‖ἐπιτέλλεαιαὐτὰρἐγώτοι
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμοιupon meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπιτέλλεαιταῦταtheseοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἐπιτέλλεαιἕκαστeachἕκαστος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ταῦταἐπιτέλλεαιcommandἐπιτέλλω · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbαὐτὰρandἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐγώIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐκτελέω - 96
fulfill them all and obey as you command.
Metre
πάνταμάλἐκτελέω‖καὶπείσομαιὡςσὺκελεύεις
πάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἐκτελέωμάλcompletelyμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἐκτελέωἐκτελέωfulfillἐκτελέω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπείσομαιobeyπείθω · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to κελεύειςσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κελεύειςκελεύειςcommandκελεύω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to πείσομαι - 97
But stand nearer; for a little while let us embrace
Metre
ἀλλάμοιἆσσονστῆθι‖μίνυνθάπερἀμφιβαλόντε
ἀλλάbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἆσσονἆσσονnearerἆσσον · prepositionprepositionστῆθιstandἵστημι · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμίνυνθάa short whileμίνυνθα · adverbadverbial to τεταρπώμεσθαπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἀμφιβαλόντεhaving embracedἀμφιβάλλω · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to τεταρπώμεσθα - 98
one another and take our fill of bitter lament."
Metre
ἀλλήλουςὀλοοῖο‖τεταρπώμεσθαγόοιο
ἀλλήλουςone anotherἀλλήλων · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἀμφιβαλόντεὀλοοῖοbitterὀλοός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies γόοιοτεταρπώμεσθαtake our fillτέρπω · aorist middle subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of τεταρπώμεσθα - 99
So speaking, he reached out with loving hands,
Metre
ὣςἄραφωνήσας‖ὠρέξατοχερσὶφίλῃσιν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φωνήσαςἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleφωνήσαςspeakingφωνέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὠρέξατοὠρέξατοreached outὀρέγω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχερσὶhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ὠρέξατοφίλῃσινlovingφίλος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χερσὶ - 100
but grasped nothing; the shade went down beneath the earth like smoke,
Metre
οὐδἔλαβεψυχὴ‖δὲκατὰχθονὸςἠΰτεκαπνὸς
ἔλαβεgraspedλαμβάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbψυχὴshadeψυχή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ᾤχετοδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκατὰbeneathκατά · prepositionprepositionχθονὸςearthχθών · genitive singular feminine nounobject of κατὰἠΰτεlikeἠύτε · adverbadverbialκαπνὸςsmokeκαπνός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 101
shrilling as it vanished. Achilles sprang up in amazement,
ᾤχετοwentοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτετριγυῖαshrillingτρίζω · perfect active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ᾤχετοταφὼνamazedτέθηπα · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τεδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀνόρουσενsprang upἀνορούω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τε - 102
clapped his hands together, and spoke a sorrowful word:
χερσίhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of συμπλατάγησεντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordσυμπλατάγησενclapped togetherσυμπλαταγέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔποςwordἔπος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔειπενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὀλοφυδνὸνpiteousὀλοφυδνός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔποςἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 103
"Ah, then even in the house of Hades there remains
Metre
ὢπόποιἦῥάτίςἐστι‖καὶεἰνἈΐδαοδόμοισι
ὢahὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleπόποιahπόποι · interjectiongoverned by an elided headἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτίςsomethingτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies καὶἐστιisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleεἰνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἈΐδαοHadesᾍδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δόμοισιδόμοισιhouseδόμος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to εἰν - 104
a shade and phantom, though there is no mind in it at all.
Metre
ψυχὴκαὶεἴδωλον‖ἀτὰρφρένεςοὐκἔνιπάμπαν
ψυχὴshadeψυχή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordεἴδωλονphantomεἴδωλον · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of καὶἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlecoordinating wordφρένεςmindφρήν · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔνιοὐκnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἔνιwithin areἔνειμι · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to ἔνι - 105
All night the shade of poor Patroclus
παννυχίηall nightπαννύχιος · nominative singular feminine adjectivecircumstantial complementγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐφεστήκειΠατροκλῆοςof PatroclusΠάτροκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ψυχὴδειλοῖοpoorδειλός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πατροκλῆος - 106
stood over me, mourning and weeping,
Metre
ψυχὴἐφεστήκει‖γοόωσάτεμυρομένητε
ψυχὴshadeψυχή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐφεστήκειἐφεστήκειstood nearbyἐφίστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγοόωσάmourningγοάω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to τετεandτε · particlesentence particleμυρομένηweepingμύρω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 107
and charged me with each thing; it looked wondrously like him."
Metre
καίμοιἕκαστἐπέτελλεν‖ἔϊκτοδὲθέσκελοναὐτῷ
καίandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleμοιmeἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπέτελλενἕκαστeachἕκαστος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἐπέτελλενἐπέτελλενchargedἐπιτέλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔϊκτοlooked likeἔοικα · pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθέσκελονwondrouslyθέσκελος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἔϊκτοαὐτῷhimαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἔϊκτο - 108
So he spoke, and stirred in them all a longing for lament.
Metre
ὣςφάτοτοῖσιδὲπᾶσιν‖ὑφἵμερονὦρσεγόοιο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοῖσιin themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ὦρσεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπᾶσινallπᾶς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies τοῖσιὑφwithinὑπό · prepositionemphasizing particleἵμερονlongingἵμερος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὦρσεὦρσεstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵμερον - 109
As they mourned, rosy-fingered Dawn appeared
Metre
μυρομένοισιδὲτοῖσι‖φάνηῥοδοδάκτυλοςἨὼς
μυρομένοισιas they mournedμύρω · present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculinecircumstantial complementδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοῖσιto themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to φάνηφάνηappearedφαίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥοδοδάκτυλοςrosy-fingeredῥοδοδάκτυλος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἨὼςἨὼςDawnἠώς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of φάνη - 110
around the pitiful corpse. But the lord Agamemnon
Metre
ἀμφὶνέκυνἐλεεινόν‖ἀτὰρκρείωνἈγαμέμνων
ἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionνέκυνcorpseνέκυς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶἐλεεινόνpitiableἐλεεινός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies νέκυνἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleκρείωνlordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈγαμέμνωνἈγαμέμνωνAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄτρυνε - 111
urged mules and men to bring wood
Metre
οὐρῆάςὄτρυνε‖καὶἀνέραςἀξέμενὕλην
οὐρῆάςmulesὀρεύς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶτandτε · particlesentence particleὄτρυνεurgedὀτρύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀνέραςmenἀνήρ · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶἀξέμενto bringἄγω · future active infinitiveobject of ὄτρυνεὕληνthe woodὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀξέμεν - 112
from every part of camp; a noble man rose to oversee them:
Metre
πάντοθενἐκκλισιῶν‖ἐπὶἀνὴρἐσθλὸςὀρώρει
πάντοθενfrom every sideπάντοθεν · adverbadverbial to ὄτρυνεἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionκλισιῶνhutsκλισία · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἐκἐπὶoverἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἐσθλὸςnobleἐσθλός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρὀρώρειhad risenὄρνυμι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 113
Meriones, attendant of high-hearted Idomeneus.
Metre
Μηριόνηςθεράπων‖ἀγαπήνοροςἸδομενῆος
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηριόνηςἀγαπήνοροςhigh-heartedἀγαπήνωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἸδομενῆοςἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπων - 114
They went with woodcutters' axes in their hands
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἴσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴσανwentεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὑλοτόμουςwoodcutters'ὑλότομος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies πελέκεαςπελέκεαςaxesπέλεκυς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τ̓ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶνhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνἔχοντεςholdingἔχω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἴσαν - 115
and well-plaited ropes; before them went the mules.
Metre
σειράςεὐπλέκτους‖πρὸἄροὐρῆεςκίοναὐτῶν
σειράςropesσειρά · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τ̓τandτε · particlecoordinating wordεὐπλέκτουςwell-plaitedεὔπλεκτος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies σειράςπρὸbeforeπρό · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοὐρῆεςmulesὀρεύς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of κίονκίονwentκίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbαὐτῶνthemαὐτός · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of κίον - 116
Far uphill and downhill, along slopes and across, they went.
Metre
πολλὰἄναντακάταντα‖πάραντάτεδόχμιάἦλθον
πολλὰfarπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἦλθονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄνανταuphillἄναντα · adverbobject of τ̓κάτανταdownhillκάταντα · adverbobject of τ̓πάραντάacross slopesπάραντα · adverbobject of τ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleδόχμιάcrosswiseδόχμιος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of τ̓τandτε · particlecoordinating wordἦλθονwentἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 117
But when they reached the slopes of many-springed Ida,
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴκνημοὺς‖προσέβανπολυπίδακοςἼδης
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to προσέβανδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleκνημοὺςthe slopesκνημός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of προσέβανπροσέβανreachedπροσβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τάμνονπολυπίδακοςmany-springedπολυπῖδαξ · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἼδηςἼδηςIdaἼδη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies κνημοὺς - 118
at once with long-edged bronze they began to cut
αὐτίκat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to τάμνονἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleδρῦςoaksδρῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τάμνονὑψικόμουςhigh-crestedὑψίκομος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies δρῦςταναήκεϊlong-edgedταναήκης · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to τάμνον - 119
high-crowned oaks in haste; with a mighty crash they
τάμνονcutτέμνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπειγόμενοιin hasteἐπείγω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τάμνονταὶtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of πῖπτονδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμεγάλαloudlyμέγας · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to κτυπέουσαικτυπέουσαιcrashingκτυπέω · present active participle, nominative plural feminineadverbial to πῖπτον - 120
fell. Then the Achaeans split them apart
Metre
πῖπτοντὰςμὲνἔπειτα‖διαπλήσσοντεςἈχαιοὶ
πῖπτονfellπίπτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτὰςthemὁ · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ἔκδεονμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἔκδεονδιαπλήσσοντεςsplitting apartδιαπλήσσω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔκδεονἈχαιοὶthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔκδεον - 121
and bound them to the mules, whose feet tore up the earth
Metre
ἔκδεονἡμιόνων‖ταὶδὲχθόναποσσὶδατεῦντο
ἔκδεονbound toἐκδέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἡμιόνωνto mulesἡμίονος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἔκδεονταὶtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of δατεῦντοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχθόναearthχθών · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δατεῦντοποσσὶwith their feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to δατεῦντοδατεῦντοtore upδατέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 122
as they strained for the plain through the dense brushwood.
Metre
ἐλδόμεναιπεδίοιο‖διὰῥωπήϊαπυκνά
ἐλδόμεναιstrainingἔλδομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural feminineadverbial to δατεῦντοπεδίοιοfor the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἐλδόμεναιδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionῥωπήϊαbrushwoodῥωπήιον · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to διὰπυκνάdenseπυκνός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ῥωπήϊα - 123
All the woodcutters carried logs, for so he had ordered,
πάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὑλοτόμοιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑλοτόμοιwoodcuttersὑλοτόμος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of φέρονφιτροὺςlogsφιτρός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of φέρονφέρονcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὡςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἀνώγειγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἀνώγειhad orderedἄνωγα · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 124
Meriones, attendant of high-hearted Idomeneus.
Metre
Μηριόνηςθεράπων‖ἀγαπήνοροςἸδομενῆος
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνώγειθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηριόνηςἀγαπήνοροςhigh-heartedἀγαπήνωρ · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἸδομενῆοςἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπων - 125
They cast them down in rows upon the shore, where Achilles
Metre
κὰδἄρἐπἀκτῆςβάλλον‖ἐπισχερώἔνθἄρἈχιλλεὺς
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀκτῆςshoreἀκτή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐπ̓βάλλονcastβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπισχερώin rowsἐπισχερώ · adverbadverbial to βάλλονἔνθwhereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to φράσσατοἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of φράσσατο - 126
had planned a great burial mound for Patroclus and himself.
Metre
φράσσατοΠατρόκλῳ‖μέγαἠρίονἠδὲοἷαὐτῷ
φράσσατοplannedφράζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀκτῆςΠατρόκλῳfor PatroclusΠάτροκλος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἠδὲμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἠρίονἠρίονburial moundἠρίον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of φράσσατοἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordοἷfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἠδὲαὐτῷhimselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies οἷ - 127
When they had cast down the boundless timber on every side,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐπεὶπάντῃ‖παρακάββαλονἄσπετονὕλην
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to παρακάββαλονπάντῃon every sideπάντῃ · adverbadverbial to παρακάββαλονπαρακάββαλονcast down besideπαρακαταβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἥατ̓ἄσπετονboundlessἄσπετος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὕληνὕληνtimberὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of παρακάββαλον - 128
they sat there together and waited. Then Achilles
Metre
ἥατἄραὖθιμένοντες‖ἀολλέεςαὐτὰρἈχιλλεὺς
ἥατsatἧμαι · pluperfect middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleαὖθιthereαὖθι · adverbadverbial to ἥατ̓μένοντεςwaitingμένω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἥατ̓ἀολλέεςtogetherἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κέλευσε - 129
at once ordered the battle-loving Myrmidons
Metre
αὐτίκαΜυρμιδόνεσσι‖φιλοπτολέμοισικέλευσε
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to κέλευσεΜυρμιδόνεσσιMyrmidonsΜυρμιδόνες · dative plural masculine nounobject of κέλευσεφιλοπτολέμοισιwar-lovingφιλοπόλεμος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Μυρμιδόνεσσικέλευσεorderedκελεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 130
to gird on bronze and each to yoke his horses beneath the cars.
Metre
χαλκὸνζώννυσθαι‖ζεῦξαιὑπὄχεσφινἕκαστον
χαλκὸνbronzeχαλκός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ζώννυσθαιζώννυσθαιto armζώννυμι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of δ̓ζεῦξαιto yokeζεύγνυμι · aorist active infinitiveobject of δ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionὄχεσφινchariotsὄχος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπ̓ἕκαστονeachἕκαστος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 131
They rose and put on their armor,
Metre
ἵππουςοἳὄρνυντο‖καὶἐντεύχεσσινἔδυνον
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ζεῦξαιοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὄρνυντοδandδέ · particlesentence particleὄρνυντοroseὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionτεύχεσσινarmorτεῦχος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐνἔδυνονput onδύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 132
and fighters and charioteers mounted the chariots.
Metre
ἂνἔβανἐνδίφροισι‖παραιβάταιἡνίοχοίτε
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔβανmountedβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδίφροισιchariotsδίφρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐνπαραιβάταιfightersπαραβάτης · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τεἡνίοχοίcharioteersἡνίοχος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 133
The horsemen went before; behind them followed a cloud of footmen,
πρόσθεbeforeπρόσθεν · adverbadverbialμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἱππῆεςhorsemenἱππεύς · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectμετὰbehindμετά · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordνέφοςcloudνέφος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of εἵπετοεἵπετοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπεζῶνof foot soldiersπεζός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νέφος - 134
countless; in their midst his comrades carried Patroclus.
Metre
μυρίοιἐνδὲμέσοισι‖φέρονΠάτροκλονἑταῖροι
μυρίοιcountlessμυρίος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies νέφοςἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμέσοισιmidstμέσος · dative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐνφέρονcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbΠάτροκλονPatroclusΠάτροκλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φέρονἑταῖροιcomradesἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φέρον - 135
They covered the whole corpse with locks of hair, which they cast on it
Metre
θριξὶδὲπάντανέκυν‖καταείνυσανἃςἐπέβαλλον
θριξὶlocks of hairθρίξ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to καταείνυσανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπάνταwholeπᾶς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies νέκυννέκυνcorpseνέκυς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καταείνυσανκαταείνυσανcoveredκαθέννυμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἃςwhichὅς · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ἐπέβαλλονἐπέβαλλονcast uponἐπιβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing θριξὶ - 136
as they cut them; behind, godlike Achilles held the dead man's head
Metre
κειρόμενοιὄπιθεν‖δὲκάρηἔχεδῖοςἈχιλλεὺς
κειρόμενοιcutting their hairκείρω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐπέβαλλονὄπιθενbehindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔχεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκάρηheadκάρα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔχεἔχεheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεὺςἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχε - 137
in grief, for he was sending a blameless companion to Hades.
ἀχνύμενοςgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔχεἕταρονcompanionἑταῖρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πέμπ̓γὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἀμύμοναblamelessἀμύμων · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἕταρονπέμπwas sendingπέμπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἌϊδοςHadesἈίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifiesδέtoδέ · particleemphasizing particle - 138
When they reached the place Achilles had shown them,
Metre
οἳὅτεχῶρονἵκανον‖ὅθίσφισιπέφραδἈχιλλεὺς
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of δέδandδέ · particlesentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἵκανονχῶρονplaceχῶρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἵκανονἵκανονreachedἱκάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to κάτθεσανὅθίwhereὅθι · adverbadverbial to πέφραδ̓σφισιthemσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounobject of πέφραδ̓πέφραδhad shownφράζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χῶρονἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πέφραδ̓ - 139
they laid him down and swiftly heaped up sturdy timber for him.
Metre
κάτθεσαναἶψαδέοἱ‖μενοεικέανήεονὕλην
κάτθεσανlaid downκατατίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἶψαswiftlyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to νήεονδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to νήεονμενοεικέαsturdyμενοεικής · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὕληννήεονheapedνηέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὕληνtimberὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of νήεον - 140
There swift-footed godlike Achilles formed another plan:
Metre
ἔνθαὖτἄλλἐνόησε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐνόησεαὖτagainαὖτε · adverbadverbial to ἐνόησεἄλλanotherἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐνόησεἐνόησεdevisedνοέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐνόησε - 141
standing apart from the pyre, he cut off his golden hair,
Metre
στὰςἀπάνευθεπυρῆς‖ξανθὴνἀπεκείρατοχαίτην
στὰςstandingἵστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀπεκείρατοἀπάνευθεapart fromἀπάνευθε · prepositionprepositionπυρῆςpyreπυρή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀπάνευθεξανθὴνgoldenξανθός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies χαίτηνἀπεκείρατοcut offἀποκείρω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαίτηνhairχαίτη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀπεκείρατο - 142
which he had grown luxuriant for the river Spercheius.
Metre
τήνῥαΣπερχειῷ‖ποταμῷτρέφετηλεθόωσαν
τήνwhichὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of τρέφεῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΣπερχειῷSpercheiusΣπερχειός · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ποταμῷποταμῷriverποταμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to τρέφετρέφεhad grownτρέφω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χαίτηντηλεθόωσανluxuriantτηλεθάω · present active participle, accusative singular femininemodifies τήν - 143
Grieving, he looked over the wine-dark sea and said:
Metre
ὀχθήσαςἄραεἶπεν‖ἰδὼνἐπὶοἴνοπαπόντον
ὀχθήσαςgrievingὀχθέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶπενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleεἶπενsaidεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰδὼνhaving lookedεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶπενἐπὶoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionοἴνοπαwine-darkοἶνοψ · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόντονπόντονseaπόντος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπὶ - 144
"Spercheius, in vain my father Peleus prayed to you
Metre
Σπερχείἄλλωςσοί‖γεπατὴρἠρήσατοΠηλεὺς
ΣπερχείSpercheiusΣπερχειός · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἄλλωςin vainἄλλως · adverbadverbial to ἠρήσατοσοίto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἠρήσατογεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Πηλεὺςἠρήσατοprayedἀράομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠηλεὺςPeleusΠηλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠρήσατο - 145
that when I returned there to my dear native land
Metre
κεῖσέμενοστήσαντα‖φίληνἐςπατρίδαγαῖαν
κεῖσέthereκεῖσε · adverbobject of νοστήσανταμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓νοστήσανταreturningνοστέω · aorist active participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to δ̓φίληνdearφίλος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπατρίδαnativeπατρίς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανγαῖανlandγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐς - 146
I would cut my hair for you and offer a sacred hecatomb,
Metre
σοίτεκόμηνκερέειν‖ῥέξεινἱερὴνἑκατόμβην
σοίfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to θ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleκόμηνhairκόμη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κερέεινκερέεινto cutκείρω · future active infinitiveobject of θ̓ῥέξεινto offerῥέζω · future active infinitiveobject of θ̓θandτε · particlecoordinating wordἱερὴνsacredἱερός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἑκατόμβηνἑκατόμβηνhecatombἑκατόμβη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ῥέξειν - 147
and sacrifice there beside your springs fifty uncastrated sheep,
Metre
πεντήκονταἔνορχα‖παραὐτόθιμῆλἱερεύσειν
πεντήκονταfiftyπεντήκοντα · numeralmodifies μῆλ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔνορχαuncastratedἔνορχος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies μῆλ̓παρbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionαὐτόθιthereαὐτόθι · adverbadverbial to παῤμῆλsheepμῆλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἱερεύσεινἱερεύσεινto sacrificeἱερεύω · future active infinitiveobject of δ̓ - 148
where you have a sacred precinct and fragrant altar.
Metre
ἐςπηγάςὅθιτοι‖τέμενοςβωμόςτεθυήεις
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπηγάςspringsπηγή · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐςὅθιwhereὅθι · adverbadverbialτοιfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies τετέμενοςprecinctτέμενος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of τεβωμόςaltarβωμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordθυήειςfragrantθυήεις · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies βωμός - 149
So the old man prayed, but you did not fulfill his purpose.
Metre
ὣςἠρᾶθὃγέρων‖σὺδέοἱνόονοὐκἐτέλεσσας
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἠρᾶθ̓ἠρᾶθprayedἀράομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃtheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies γέρωνγέρωνold manγέρων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠρᾶθ̓σὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐτέλεσσαςδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐτέλεσσαςνόονpurposeνόος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐτέλεσσαςοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐτέλεσσαςfulfilledτελέω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 150
Now since I shall not return to my dear native land,
Metre
νῦνἐπεὶοὐνέομαί‖γεφίληνἐςπατρίδαγαῖαν
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ὀπάσαιμιδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleνέομαίreturnνέομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleφίληνdearφίλος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπατρίδαnativeπατρίς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανγαῖανlandγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐς - 151
let me give the lock to the hero Patroclus to carry."
Metre
Πατρόκλῳἥρωϊ‖κόμηνὀπάσαιμιφέρεσθαι
Πατρόκλῳto PatroclusΠάτροκλος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ὀπάσαιμιἥρωϊheroἥρως · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Πατρόκλῳκόμηνhairκόμη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὀπάσαιμιὀπάσαιμιmay I giveὀπάζω · aorist active optative, 1st singular verbmain verbφέρεσθαιto carryφέρω · present medio-passive infinitiveadverbial to ὀπάσαιμι - 152
So speaking, he placed the hair in the hands of his dear companion,
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνἐνχερσὶ‖κόμηνἑτάροιοφίλοιο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνhaving spokenεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to θῆκενἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνκόμηνhairκόμη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of θῆκενἑτάροιοof companionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies χερσὶφίλοιοdearφίλος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροιο - 153
and stirred in them all a longing for lament.
Metre
θῆκεντοῖσιδὲπᾶσιν‖ὑφἵμερονὦρσεγόοιο
θῆκενplacedτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοῖσιin themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ὦρσεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπᾶσινallπᾶς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies τοῖσιὑφwithinὑπό · prepositionemphasizing particleἵμερονlongingἵμερος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὦρσεὦρσεstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵμερον - 154
The sunlight would have sunk upon them as they mourned
Metre
καίνύὀδυρομένοισιν‖ἔδυφάοςἠελίοιο
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἔδυκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleὀδυρομένοισινas they mournedὀδύρομαι · present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculineadverbial to ἔδυἔδυwent downδύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφάοςlightφάος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔδυἠελίοιοsunἠέλιος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies φάος - 155
if Achilles had not quickly stood by Agamemnon and said:
Metre
εἰμὴἈχιλλεὺςαἶψ‖Ἀγαμέμνονιεἶπεπαραστάς
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἶπεαἶψquicklyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to εἶπεἈγαμέμνονιAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · dative singular masculine nounobject of παραστάςεἶπεsaidεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰπαραστάςstanding besideπαρίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶπε - 156
"Son of Atreus, the Achaean host will heed
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδησοὶγάρ‖τεμάλιστάγελαὸςἈχαιῶν
Ἀτρεΐδηson of AtreusἈτρείδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headσοὶyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of πείσονταιγάρforγάρ · particlesubordinating conjunctionτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleμάλιστάabove allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to πείσονταιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleλαὸςhostλαός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πείσονταιἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies λαὸς - 157
your words above all. There is a fullness even of lament.
Metre
πείσονταιμύθοισι‖γόοιομὲνἔστικαὶἆσαι
πείσονταιwill obeyπείθω · future middle indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to γάρμύθοισιwordsμῦθος · dative plural masculine nounobject of πείσονταιγόοιοlamentγόος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἆσαιμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἔστιthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἆσαιto be satedἄω · aorist active infinitivesubject of ἔστι - 158
Now scatter the people from the pyre and order them to prepare their meal.
Metre
νῦνἀπὸπυρκαϊῆς‖σκέδασονκαὶδεῖπνονἄνωχθι
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to καὶδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionπυρκαϊῆςpyreπυρκαιά · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸσκέδασονdisperseσκεδάννυμι · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδεῖπνονmealδεῖπνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὅπλεσθαιἄνωχθιorderἄνωγα · perfect active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 159
Those of us whom this chiefly concerns will labor over it,
Metre
ὅπλεσθαιτάδεἀμφὶ‖πονησόμεθοἷσιμάλιστα
ὅπλεσθαιto make readyὅπλομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἄνωχθιτάδεthese mattersὅδε · accusative plural neuter pronounobject of πονησόμεθ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφὶoverἀμφί · adverbadverbial to πονησόμεθ̓πονησόμεθwe shall laborπονέω · future middle indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbοἷσιfor whomὅς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἐστιμάλισταchieflyμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to ἐστι - 160
we who care for the corpse; and let the leaders remain beside us."
Metre
κήδεόςἐστινέκυς‖παρὰοἵἀγοὶἄμμιμενόντων
κήδεόςconcernκήδεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐστιisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbsubject of πονησόμεθ̓νέκυςcorpseνέκυς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστιπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἵtheὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubjectτandτε · particlesentence particleἀγοὶleadersἀγός · nominative plural masculine nounpredicate nounἄμμιusἐγώ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to παρὰμενόντωνlet remainμένω · present active imperative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 161
When Agamemnon, lord of men, heard this,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐπεὶτόἄκουσεν‖ἄναξἀνδρῶνἈγαμέμνων
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἄκουσεντόthisὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of ἄκουσενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἄκουσενheardἀκούω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to σκέδασενἄναξlordἄναξ · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀγαμέμνωνἀνδρῶνmenἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἄναξἈγαμέμνωνAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἄκουσεν - 162
he at once scattered the host among the balanced ships.
Metre
αὐτίκαλαὸνμὲν‖σκέδασενκατὰνῆαςἐΐσας
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to σκέδασενλαὸνhostλαός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of σκέδασενμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleσκέδασενscatteredσκεδάννυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκατὰamongκατά · prepositionprepositionνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of κατὰἐΐσαςwell-balancedἴσος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νῆας - 163
The mourners stayed there beside the corpse and heaped up timber,
Metre
κηδεμόνεςδὲπαραὖθι‖μένονκαὶνήεονὕλην
κηδεμόνεςmournersκηδεμών · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπαρbesideπαρά · prepositionemphasizing particleαὖθιthereαὖθι · adverbadverbial to μένονμένονstayedμένω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνήεονheapedνηέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὕληνtimberὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of νήεον - 164
and made the pyre a hundred feet across in either direction,
Metre
ποίησανδὲπυρὴν‖ἑκατόμπεδονἔνθακαὶἔνθα
ποίησανmadeποιέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπυρὴνpyreπυρή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ποίησανἑκατόμπεδονhundred feet acrossἑκατόμπεδος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πυρὴνἔνθαthis wayἔνθα · adverbadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔνθαthat wayἔνθα · adverbadverbial to καὶ - 165
and on the pyre's highest part they laid the corpse, grieving at heart.
Metre
ἐνδὲπυρῇὑπάτῃ‖νεκρὸνθέσανἀχνύμενοικῆρ
ἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπυρῇpyreπυρή · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνὑπάτῃhighestὕπατος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πυρῇνεκρὸνcorpseνεκρός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θέσανθέσανlaidτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀχνύμενοιgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to θέσανκῆρat heartκῆρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀχνύμενοι - 166
Many sturdy sheep and shambling, spiral-horned cattle
Metre
πολλὰδὲἴφιαμῆλα‖καὶεἰλίποδαςἕλικαςβοῦς
πολλὰmanyπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies μῆλαδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴφιαsturdyἴφιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies μῆλαμῆλαsheepμῆλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordεἰλίποδαςshamblingεἰλίπους · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies βοῦςἕλικαςspiral-hornedἕλιξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies βοῦςβοῦςcattleβοῦς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶ - 167
they flayed and dressed before the pyre; and from them all
πρόσθεbeforeπρόσθεν · prepositionprepositionπυρῆςpyreπυρή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to πρόσθεἔδερόνflayedδέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄμφεπονdressedἀμφιέπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπάντωνallπᾶς · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐκ - 168
great-hearted Achilles took the fat and covered the corpse
Metre
δημὸνἑλὼνἐκάλυψε‖νέκυνμεγάθυμοςἈχιλλεὺς
δημὸνfatδημός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἑλὼνἑλὼνtookαἱρέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐκάλυψεἐκάλυψεcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνέκυνcorpseνέκυς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐκάλυψεμεγάθυμοςgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεὺςἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐκάλυψε - 169
from head to foot, and heaped the flayed carcasses around it.
Metre
ἐςπόδαςἐκκεφαλῆς‖περὶδὲδρατὰσώματανήει
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπόδαςfootπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐςἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionκεφαλῆςheadκεφαλή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐκπερὶaroundπερί · adverbadverbial to νήειδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδρατὰflayedδρατός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies σώματασώματαcarcassσῶμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of νήεινήειheapedνηέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 170
He placed two-handled jars of honey and oil
ἐνonἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐτίθειhe placedτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέλιτοςhoneyμέλι · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀλείφατοςoilἄλειφαρ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies καὶἀμφιφορῆαςtwo-handled jarsἀμφιφορεύς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐτίθει - 171
leaning against the bier; and four high-necked horses
Metre
πρὸςλέχεακλίνων‖πίσυραςἐριαύχεναςἵππους
πρὸςagainstπρός · prepositionprepositionλέχεαbierλέχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of πρὸςκλίνωνleaningκλίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐτίθειπίσυραςfourτέσσαρες · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐριαύχεναςhigh-neckedἐριαύχην · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐνέβαλλε - 172
he swiftly cast upon the pyre, groaning deeply.
Metre
ἐσσυμένωςἐνέβαλλε‖πυρῇμεγάλαστεναχίζων
ἐσσυμένωςeagerlyἐσσύμενος · adverbadverbial to ἐνέβαλλεἐνέβαλλεcastἐμβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπυρῇpyreπυρεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνέβαλλεμεγάλαdeeplyμέγας · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to στεναχίζωνστεναχίζωνgroaningστεναχίζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐνέβαλλε - 173
The lord had nine dogs that fed beneath his table,
Metre
ἐννέατῷγεἄνακτι‖τραπεζῆεςκύνεςἦσαν
ἐννέαnineἐννέα · numeralmodifies κύνεςτῷtheὁ · dative singular masculine articlemodifies ἄνακτιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἄνακτιlordἄναξ · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἦσαντραπεζῆεςtable-fedτραπεζεύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies κύνεςκύνεςdogsκύων · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἦσανἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 174
and of these he cut the throats of two and cast them on the pyre,
Metre
καὶμὲντῶνἐνέβαλλε‖πυρῇδύοδειροτομήσας
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτῶνthemὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies δύοἐνέβαλλεcastἐμβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπυρῇpyreπυρεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνέβαλλεδύοtwoδύο · numeralobject of δειροτομήσαςδειροτομήσαςhaving cut throatsδειροτομέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δὲ - 175
twelve noble sons of great-hearted Trojans
Metre
δώδεκαδὲΤρώων‖μεγαθύμωνυἱέαςἐσθλοὺς
δώδεκαtwelveδώδεκα · numeralmodifies υἱέαςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies υἱέαςμεγαθύμωνgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρώωνυἱέαςsonsυἱός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δηϊόωνἐσθλοὺςnobleἐσθλός · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies υἱέας - 176
he slew with bronze, devising evil works in his heart.
Metre
χαλκῷδηϊόων‖κακὰδὲφρεσὶμήδετοἔργα
χαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to δηϊόωνδηϊόωνslayingδηιόω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δὲκακὰevilκακός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordφρεσὶheartφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μήδετομήδετοdevisedμήδομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔργαdeedsἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of μήδετο - 177
He loosed the iron force of fire upon it, so that it might feed.
Metre
ἐνδὲπυρὸςμένοςἧκε‖σιδήρεονὄφρανέμοιτο
ἐνuponἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπυρὸςfireπῦρ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies μένοςμένοςforceμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἧκεἧκεsentἵημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσιδήρεονironσιδήρεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένοςὄφραso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionνέμοιτοmight feedνέμω · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὄφρα - 178
Then he groaned aloud and called his dear companion by name:
ᾤμωξένhe groaned aloudοἰμώζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτandτε · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ᾤμωξένφίλονdearφίλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖρονδthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordὀνόμηνενcalled by nameὀνομαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑταῖρονcompanionἑταῖρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὀνόμηνεν - 179
"Farewell, Patroclus, even in the house of Hades.
Metre
χαῖρέμοιὦΠάτροκλε‖καὶεἰνἈΐδαοδόμοισι
χαῖρέfarewellχαίρω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμοιfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to χαῖρέὦoὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleΠάτροκλεPatroclusΠάτροκλος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleεἰνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἈΐδαοHadesᾍδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δόμοισιδόμοισιhouseδόμος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to εἰν - 180
All that I promised you before I now fulfill:
Metre
πάνταγὰρἤδητοι‖τελέωτὰπάροιθενὑπέστην
πάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ,γὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἤδηnowἤδη · adverbadverbial to τελέωτοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to τελέωτελέωI fulfillτελέω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτὰall thatὁ · accusative plural neuter pronounobject of ὑπέστηνπάροιθενbeforeπάροιθε · adverbadverbial to ὑπέστηνὑπέστηνI promisedὑφίστημι · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing πάντα - 181
twelve noble sons of great-hearted Trojans
Metre
δώδεκαμὲνΤρώων‖μεγαθύμωνυἱέαςἐσθλοὺς
δώδεκαtwelveδώδεκα · numeralmodifies υἱέαςμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies υἱέαςμεγαθύμωνgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρώωνυἱέαςsonsυἱός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ,ἐσθλοὺςnobleἐσθλός · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies υἱέας - 182
fire devours them all with you; but Hector I shall not
Metre
τοὺςἅμασοὶπάντας‖πῦρἐσθίειἝκτοραοὔτι
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐσθίειἅμαwithἅμα · prepositionprepositionσοὶyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἅμαπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies τοὺςπῦρfireπῦρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐσθίειἐσθίειdevoursἐσθίω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing υἱέαςἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of δώσωδbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to δώσω - 183
give to fire to consume, Priam's son, but to the dogs."
Metre
δώσωΠριαμίδην‖πυρὶδαπτέμενἀλλὰκύνεσσιν
δώσωgiveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbΠριαμίδηνson of PriamΠριαμίδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἕκτοραπυρὶfireπῦρ · dative singular neuter nounobject of δώσωδαπτέμενto consumeδάπτω · present active infinitiveadverbial to δώσωἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordκύνεσσινdogsκύων · dative plural masculine nounobject - 184
So he spoke in threat; but the dogs did not set upon Hector.
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτ̓φάτhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπειλήσαςhaving threatenedἀπειλέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to φάτ̓τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφεπένοντοδbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleκύνεςdogsκύων · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀμφεπένοντοἀμφεπένοντοset upon himἀμφιπένομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 185
Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, kept the dogs from him
Metre
ἀλλὰκύναςμὲνἄλαλκε‖ΔιὸςθυγάτηρἈφροδίτη
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordκύναςdogsκύων · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἄλαλκεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄλαλκεkept awayἄλαλκε · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΔιὸςZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θυγάτηρθυγάτηρdaughterθυγάτηρ · nominative singular feminine nounmodifies ἈφροδίτηἈφροδίτηAphroditeἈφροδίτη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of δὲ - 186
by day and night, and anointed him with rose-scented oil,
Metre
ἤματακαὶνύκτας‖ῥοδόεντιδὲχρῖενἐλαίῳ
ἤματαdayἦμαρ · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύκταςnightνύξ · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to καὶῥοδόεντιrose-scentedῥοδόεις · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἐλαίῳδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχρῖενanointed himχρίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαίῳwith oilἔλαιον · dative singular neuter nounobject of χρῖεν - 187
ambrosial, so that Achilles would not tear him as he dragged him.
Metre
ἀμβροσίῳἵναμή‖μινἀποδρύφοιἑλκυστάζων
ἀμβροσίῳambrosialἀμβρόσιος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἐλαίῳἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμήnotμή · adverbemphasizing particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀποδρύφοιἀποδρύφοιtearἀποδρύπτω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἵναἑλκυστάζωνdraggingἑλκυστάζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀποδρύφοι - 188
And Phoebus Apollo brought a dark cloud over him
Metre
τῷἐπὶκυάνεον‖νέφοςἤγαγεΦοῖβοςἈπόλλων
τῷhimὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπὶδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπὶoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionκυάνεονdarkκυάνεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies νέφοςνέφοςcloudνέφος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἤγαγεἤγαγεbroughtἄγω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΦοῖβοςPhoebusΦοῖβος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈπόλλωνἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲ - 189
from heaven down to the plain, and covered all the ground
Metre
οὐρανόθενπεδίον‖δέκάλυψεδὲχῶρονἅπαντα
οὐρανόθενfrom heavenοὐρανόθεν · adverbobject of ἤγαγεπεδίονplainπεδίον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἤγαγεδέandδέ · particleemphasizing particleκάλυψεcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχῶρονgroundχῶρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κάλυψεἅπανταallἅπας · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χῶρον - 190
the corpse occupied, lest the sun's force first
Metre
ὅσσονἐπεῖχενέκυς‖μὴπρὶνμένοςἠελίοιο
ὅσσονas much asὅσος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπεῖχεἐπεῖχεoccupiedἐπέχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χῶροννέκυςcorpseνέκυς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπεῖχεμὴlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπρὶνfirstπρίν · adverbadverbial to σκήλεἰμένοςforceμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of σκήλεἰἠελίοιοsunἠέλιος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μένος - 191
shrivel the skin around his sinews and limbs.
Metre
σκήλειἀμφὶπερὶ‖χρόαἴνεσινἠδὲμέλεσσιν
σκήλειshrivelσκάλλω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to μὴἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionemphasizing particleπερὶaroundπερί · adverbadverbial to σκήλεἰχρόαskinχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of σκήλεἰἴνεσινsinewsἴς · dative plural feminine nounmodifies ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμέλεσσινlimbsμέλος · dative plural neuter nounmodifies ἠδὲ - 192
But the pyre of dead Patroclus did not burn.
Metre
οὐδὲπυρὴΠατρόκλου‖ἐκαίετοτεθνηῶτος
πυρὴpyreπυρή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐκαίετοΠατρόκλουPatroclusΠάτροκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πυρὴἐκαίετοburnκαίω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεθνηῶτοςdeadθνήσκω · perfect active participle, genitive singular masculinemodifies Πατρόκλου - 193
There swift-footed godlike Achilles formed another plan:
Metre
ἔνθαὖτἀλλἐνόησε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐνόησεαὖτagainαὖτε · adverbadverbial to ἐνόησεἀλλsomething elseἀλλά · adverbadverbial to ἐνόησεἐνόησεdevisedνοέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐνόησε - 194
standing apart from the pyre, he prayed to both winds,
Metre
στὰςἀπάνευθεπυρῆς‖δοιοῖςἠρᾶτἀνέμοισι
στὰςstandingἵστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἠρᾶτ̓ἀπάνευθεapart fromἀπάνευθε · prepositionprepositionπυρῆςof the pyreπυρή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀπάνευθεδοιοῖςtwoδοιοί · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνέμοισιἠρᾶτprayedἀράομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀνέμοισιwindsἄνεμος · dative plural masculine nounobject - 195
Boreas and Zephyrus, and promised splendid offerings.
ΒορέῃBoreasΒορέας · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΖεφύρῳZephyrusΖέφυρος · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὑπίσχετοpromisedὑπισχνέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱερὰofferingsἱερόν · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπίσχετοκαλάsplendidκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἱερὰ - 196
Pouring many libations from a golden cup, he implored them
Metre
πολλὰδὲκαὶσπένδων‖χρυσέῳδέπαϊλιτάνευεν
πολλὰmanyπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to λιτάνευενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleσπένδωνpouringσπένδω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to λιτάνευενχρυσέῳgoldenχρύσεος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπαϊδέπαϊcupδέπας · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to σπένδωνλιτάνευενentreatedλιτανεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 197
to come, so that the dead might swiftly burn in the fire
Metre
ἐλθέμενὄφρατάχιστα‖πυρὶφλεγεθοίατονεκροί
ἐλθέμενto comeἔρχομαι · aorist active infinitiveobject of λιτάνευενὄφραso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτάχισταswiftlyταχύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to φλεγεθοίατοπυρὶfireπῦρ · dative singular neuter nounobject of φλεγεθοίατοφλεγεθοίατοmight burnφλεγέθω · present medio-passive optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τενεκροίthe deadνεκρός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φλεγεθοίατο - 198
and the wood hurry to catch. Swift Iris
ὕληwoodὕλη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of σεύαιτοτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordσεύαιτοmight hastenσεύω · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to τεκαήμεναιto be burnedκαίω · aorist passive infinitiveobject of σεύαιτοὦκαquicklyὦκα · adverbadverbial to ἦλθ̓δὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἾριςIrisἾρις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἦλθ̓ - 199
heard his prayers and went as messenger to the winds.
Metre
ἀράωνἀΐουσα‖μετάγγελοςἦλθἀνέμοισιν
ἀράωνprayersἀρά · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἀΐουσαἀΐουσαheardἀίω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἦλθ̓μετάγγελοςmessengerμετάγγελος · nominative singular feminine nouncircumstantial complementἦλθwentἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀνέμοισινwindsἄνεμος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἦλθ̓ - 200
They were gathered inside the house of blustering Zephyrus
Metre
οἳμὲνἄραΖεφύροιο‖δυσαέοςἀθρόοιἔνδον
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of δαίνυντομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleΖεφύροιοZephyrusΖέφυρος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἔνδονδυσαέοςstormyδυσαής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ζεφύροιοἀθρόοιgatheredἀθρόος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔνδονinsideἔνδον · adverbpreposition - 201
and feasting; Iris ran up and stood
Metre
εἰλαπίνηνδαίνυντο‖θέουσαδὲἾριςἐπέστη
εἰλαπίνηνfeastεἰλαπίνη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δαίνυντοδαίνυντοthey feastedδαίνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbθέουσαranθέω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἐπέστηδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἾριςIrisἾρις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐπέστηἐπέστηstoodἐφίστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 202
upon the stone threshold. When they saw her with their eyes,
Metre
βηλῷἔπιλιθέῳ‖τοὶὡςἴδονὀφθαλμοῖσι
βηλῷthresholdβηλός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἔπιἔπιuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionλιθέῳstoneλίθεος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies βηλῷτοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀνήϊξανδandδέ · particlesentence particleὡςwhenὡς · adverbadverbial to ἴδονἴδονsawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἀνήϊξανὀφθαλμοῖσιeyesὀφθαλμός · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἴδον - 203
all sprang up, and each called her to himself.
Metre
πάντεςἀνήϊξαν‖κάλεόντέμινεἰςἓἕκαστος
πάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies τοὶἀνήϊξανsprang upἀναίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκάλεόνcalledκαλέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτέandτε · particlecoordinating wordμινherμιν · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of κάλεόνεἰςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἓhimselfἕ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of εἰςἕκαστοςeachἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 204
But she refused to sit among them and spoke:
Metre
ἣαὖθἕζεσθαι‖μὲνἀνήνατοεἶπεδὲμῦθον
ἣsheὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of δὲδbutδέ · particlesentence particleαὖθin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἕζεσθαιsitἕζομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἀνήνατομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀνήνατοrefusedἀναίνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεἶπεspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμῦθονwordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἶπε - 205
"There is no time to sit: I am going back to the streams of Oceanus,
Metre
οὐχἕδοςεἶμιγὰραὖτις‖ἐπὨκεανοῖοῥέεθρα
οὐχnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἕδοςsittingἕδος · nominative singular neuter nounsubjectεἶμιI am goingεἶμι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleαὖτιςbackαὖθις · adverbadverbial to εἶμιἐπtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionὨκεανοῖοOceanusὨκεανός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ῥέεθραῥέεθραstreamsῥεῖθρον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἐπ̓ - 206
to the Ethiopians' land, where they offer hecatombs
Metre
Αἰθιόπωνἐςγαῖαν‖ὅθιῥέζουσἑκατόμβας
ΑἰθιόπωνEthiopians'Αἰθίοψ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies γαῖανἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionγαῖανlandγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐςὅθιwhereὅθι · adverbadverbial to ῥέζουσ̓ῥέζουσthey offerῥέζω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing γαῖανἑκατόμβαςhecatombsἑκατόμβη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ῥέζουσ̓ - 207
to the immortals, so that I too may share the sacred feast.
Metre
ἀθανάτοιςἵναδὴ‖καὶἐγὼμεταδαίσομαιἱρῶν
ἀθανάτοιςimmortalsἀθάνατος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ῥέζουσ̓ἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleκαὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of μεταδαίσομαιμεταδαίσομαιI may shareμεταδαίνυμαι · aorist middle subjunctive, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἵναἱρῶνsacrificesἱρός · genitive plural neuter adjectiveobject of μεταδαίσομαι - 208
But Achilles prays that Boreas and loud-blowing Zephyrus
Metre
ἀλλἈχιλεὺςΒορέην‖ἠδὲΖέφυρονκελαδεινὸν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἈχιλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀρᾶταιΒορέηνBoreasΒορέας · accusative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordΖέφυρονZephyrusΖέφυρος · accusative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠδὲκελαδεινὸνloud-soundingκελαδεινός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ζέφυρον - 209
will come, and he promises splendid offerings,
Metre
ἐλθεῖνἀρᾶται‖καὶὑπίσχεταιἱερὰκαλά
ἐλθεῖνcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἀρᾶταιἀρᾶταιpraysἀράομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὑπίσχεταιpromisesὑπισχνέομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱερὰofferingsἱερόν · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπίσχεταικαλάsplendidκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἱερὰ - 210
so that you may rouse the pyre to burn, in which lies
Metre
ὄφραπυρὴνὄρσητε‖καήμεναιᾗἔνικεῖται
ὄφραso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπυρὴνpyreπυρή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὄρσητεὄρσητεrouseὄρνυμι · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verbadverbial to ὄφρακαήμεναιto burnκαίω · aorist passive infinitiveobject of ὄρσητεᾗwhichὅς · dative singular feminine pronounadverbial to ἔνιἔνιinἐν · prepositionprepositionκεῖταιliesκεῖμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing πυρὴν - 211
Patroclus, whom all the Achaeans mourn."
Metre
Πάτροκλοςτὸνπάντες‖ἀναστενάχουσινἈχαιοί
ΠάτροκλοςPatroclusΠάτροκλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κεῖταιτὸνwhomὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀναστενάχουσινπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιοίἀναστενάχουσινmournἀναστενάχω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ΠάτροκλοςἈχαιοίAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀναστενάχουσιν - 212
So she spoke and went away; and the two winds rose
Metre
ἣμὲνἄρὣςεἰποῦσ‖ἀπεβήσετοτοὶὀρέοντο
ἣsheὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἀπεβήσετομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄρsoἄρα · particlesentence particleὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰποῦσ̓εἰποῦσspokeεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἀπεβήσετοἀπεβήσετοwent awayἀποβαίνω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὀρέοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὀρέοντοroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 213
with a wondrous roar, driving the clouds before them.
Metre
ἠχῇθεσπεσίῃ‖νέφεακλονέοντεπάροιθεν
ἠχῇwith a roarἠχή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ὀρέοντοθεσπεσίῃwondrousθεσπέσιος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἠχῇνέφεαcloudsνέφος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of κλονέοντεκλονέοντεdrivingκλονέω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ὀρέοντοπάροιθενbeforeπάροιθε · adverbadverbial to κλονέοντε - 214
Swiftly they reached the sea, blowing, and the wave rose
Metre
αἶψαδὲπόντονἵκανον‖ἀήμεναιὦρτοδὲκῦμα
αἶψαswiftlyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to ἵκανονδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπόντονseaπόντος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἵκανονἵκανονreachedἱκάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀήμεναιblowingἄημι · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἵκανονὦρτοroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκῦμαthe waveκῦμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὦρτο - 215
beneath their shrill breath; they came to fertile Troy,
πνοιῇbreathπνοή · dative singular feminine nounobject of ὕποὕποbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionλιγυρῇshrillλιγυρός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πνοιῇΤροίηνTroyΤροία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἱκέσθηνδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐρίβωλονrich-soiledἐριβῶλαξ · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Τροίηνἱκέσθηνcameἱκνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verb - 216
and fell upon the pyre; the heaven-kindled fire roared loud.
Metre
ἐνδὲπυρῇπεσέτην‖μέγαἴαχεθεσπιδαὲςπῦρ
ἐνuponἐν · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπυρῇpyreπυρή · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνπεσέτηνfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbμέγαloudlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἴαχεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴαχεroaredἰάχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεσπιδαὲςwondrous-blazingθεσπιδαής · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πῦρπῦρfireπῦρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἴαχε - 217
All night together they beat the pyre's flame,
Metre
παννύχιοιἄρατοί‖γεπυρῆςἄμυδιςφλόγἔβαλλον
παννύχιοιall nightπαννύχιος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleτοίtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔβαλλονγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπυρῆςof the pyreπυρή · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies φλόγ̓ἄμυδιςtogetherἄμυδις · adverbadverbial to ἔβαλλονφλόγflameφλόξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔβαλλονἔβαλλονbeatβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 218
blowing keenly; and all night swift Achilles
Metre
φυσῶντεςλιγέως‖ὃδὲπάννυχοςὠκὺςἈχιλλεὺς
φυσῶντεςblowingφυσάω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔβαλλονλιγέωςshrillyλιγύς · adverbadverbial to φυσῶντεςὃtheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies Ἀχιλλεὺςδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπάννυχοςall nightπάννυχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementὠκὺςswiftὠκύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεὺςἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲ - 219
took a two-handled cup from a golden mixing bowl,
Metre
χρυσέουἐκκρητῆρος‖ἑλὼνδέπαςἀμφικύπελλον
χρυσέουgoldenχρύσεος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies κρητῆροςἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionκρητῆροςmixing bowlκρατήρ · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκἑλὼνtookαἱρέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to χέεδέπαςcupδέπας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἑλὼνἀμφικύπελλονtwo-handledἀμφικύπελλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπας - 220
drew wine and poured it on the ground, drenching the earth,
Metre
οἶνονἀφυσσόμενος‖χαμάδιςχέεδεῦεδὲγαῖαν
οἶνονwineοἶνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀφυσσόμενοςἀφυσσόμενοςdrawingἀφύσσω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to χέεχαμάδιςto the groundχαμάδις · adverbobject of χέεχέεpouredχέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδεῦεdrenchedδεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δεῦε - 221
and called upon the shade of poor Patroclus.
Metre
ψυχὴνκικλήσκων‖Πατροκλῆοςδειλοῖο
ψυχὴνshadeψυχή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κικλήσκωνκικλήσκωνcallingκικλήσκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δεῦεΠατροκλῆοςPatroclusΠάτροκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ψυχὴνδειλοῖοpoorδειλός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πατροκλῆος - 222
As a father mourns, burning the bones of his son,
Metre
ὡςδὲπατὴροὗπαιδὸς‖ὀδύρεταιὀστέακαίων
ὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to ὀδύρεταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀδύρεταιοὗhisἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies παιδὸςπαιδὸςsonπαῖς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ὀδύρεταιὀδύρεταιmournsὀδύρομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὣςὀστέαbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καίωνκαίωνburningκαίω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀδύρεται - 223
a bridegroom whose death has stricken his wretched parents,
Metre
νυμφίουὅςτεθανὼν‖δειλοὺςἀκάχησετοκῆας
νυμφίουbridegroomνυμφίος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies παιδὸςὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀκάχησετεandτε · particlesentence particleθανὼνhaving diedθνήσκω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀκάχησεδειλοὺςwretchedδειλός · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies τοκῆαςἀκάχησεbrought griefἀχεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing παιδὸςτοκῆαςparentsτοκεύς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀκάχησε - 224
so Achilles mourned as he burned his companion's bones,
Metre
ὣςἈχιλεὺςἑτάροιο‖ὀδύρετοὀστέακαίων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ὀδύρετοἈχιλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀδύρετοἑτάροιοcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ὀδύρετοὀδύρετοmournedὀδύρομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὀστέαbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καίωνκαίωνburningκαίω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀδύρετο - 225
creeping beside the pyre and groaning without cease.
Metre
ἑρπύζωνπαρὰπυρκαϊὴν‖ἁδινὰστεναχίζων
ἑρπύζωνcreepingἑρπύζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀδύρετοπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionπυρκαϊὴνpyreπυρκαιά · accusative singular feminine nounobject of παρὰἁδινὰwithout ceaseἁδινός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to στεναχίζωνστεναχίζωνgroaningστεναχίζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀδύρετο - 226
When the morning star goes forth to herald light over the earth,
Metre
ἦμοςἑωσφόροςεἶσι‖φόωςἐρέωνἐπὶγαῖαν
ἦμοςwhenἦμος · adverbadverbial to εἶσιδandδέ · particlesentence particleἑωσφόροςmorning starἙωσφόρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἶσιεἶσιgoesεἶμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to τῆμοςφόωςlightφόως · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐρέωνἐρέωνto heraldἐρῶ · future active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶσιἐπὶoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionγαῖανearthγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐπὶ - 227
after which saffron-robed Dawn spreads over the sea,
Metre
ὅντεμέτακροκόπεπλος‖ὑπεὶρἅλακίδναταιἠώς
ὅνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounadverbial to μέτατεandτε · particlesentence particleμέταafterμετά · prepositionprepositionκροκόπεπλοςsaffron-robedκροκόπεπλος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἠώςὑπεὶρoverὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionἅλαthe seaἅλς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὑπεὶρκίδναταιspreadsκίδναμαι · present passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἑωσφόροςἠώςdawnἠώς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of κίδναται - 228
then the pyre was dying down, and its flame ceased.
Metre
τῆμοςπυρκαϊὴ‖ἐμαραίνετοπαύσατοδὲφλόξ
τῆμοςthenτῆμος · adverbadverbial to δὲπυρκαϊὴpyreπυρκαιά · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐμαραίνετοἐμαραίνετοwas dying downμαραίνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαύσατοceasedπαύω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordφλόξflameφλόξ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of παύσατο - 229
The winds turned back again and went home
Metre
οἳἄνεμοιπάλιναὖτις‖ἔβανοἶκονδὲνέεσθαι
οἳtheὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄνεμοιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄνεμοιwindsἄνεμος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔβανπάλινbackπάλιν · adverbobject of ἔβαναὖτιςback againαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἔβανἔβανwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbοἶκονhomeοἶκος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of νέεσθαιδὲandδέ · particleemphasizing particleνέεσθαιgo homeνέομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveadverbial to ἔβαν - 230
over the Thracian sea, and it groaned, swelling with waves.
Metre
Θρηΐκιονκατὰπόντον‖ὃἔστενενοἴδματιθύων
ΘρηΐκιονThracianΘράκιος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόντονκατὰoverκατά · prepositionprepositionπόντονseaπόντος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰὃitὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔστενενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔστενενgroanedστένω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἴδματιwith wavesοἶδμα · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to θύωνθύωνswellingθύω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔστενεν - 231
The son of Peleus withdrew to one side from the pyre,
Metre
Πηλεΐδηςἀπὸπυρκαϊῆς‖ἑτέρωσελιασθεὶς
Πηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κλίνθηδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionπυρκαϊῆςpyreπυρκαιά · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸἑτέρωσεto the other sideἑτέρωσε · adverbobject of λιασθεὶςλιασθεὶςwithdrawingλιάζομαι · aorist medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κλίνθη - 232
lay down exhausted, and sweet sleep rushed upon him.
Metre
κλίνθηκεκμηώς‖ἐπὶδὲγλυκὺςὕπνοςὄρουσεν
κλίνθηlayκλίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκεκμηώςexhaustedκάμνω · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κλίνθηἐπὶuponἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordγλυκὺςsweetγλυκύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὕπνοςὕπνοςsleepὕπνος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄρουσενὄρουσενrushedὀρούω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 233
Those who were gathered around the son of Atreus came together;
Metre
οἳἀμφἈτρεΐωνα‖ἀολλέεςἠγερέθοντο
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἠγερέθοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionἈτρεΐωναthe son of AtreusἈτρείων · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἀμφ̓ἀολλέεςtogetherἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἠγερέθοντοgatheredἠγερέθομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 234
the din and pounding of their approach woke him.
Metre
τῶνμινἐπερχομένων‖ὅμαδοςκαὶδοῦποςἔγειρεν
τῶνtheirὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies καὶμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔγειρενἐπερχομένωνapproachingἐπέρχομαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural masculinecircumstantial complementὅμαδοςa dinὅμαδος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδοῦποςpoundingδοῦπος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶἔγειρενwokeἐγείρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 235
He sat upright and spoke a word to them:
ἕζετοsatἕζομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὀρθωθεὶςuprightὀρθόω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕζετοκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσφεαςthemσφεῖς · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἔειπενπρὸςtoπρός · prepositionemphasizing particleμῦθονwordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 236
"Son of Atreus, and you other princes of all the Achaeans,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδητεκαὶἄλλοι‖ἀριστῆεςΠαναχαιῶν
Ἀτρεΐδηson of AtreusἈτρείδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄλλοιotherἄλλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀριστῆεςἀριστῆεςprincesἀριστεύς · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headΠαναχαιῶνof all the AchaeansΠαναχαιοί · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀριστῆες - 237
first quench the pyre everywhere with gleaming wine,
Metre
πρῶτονμὲνκατὰπυρκαϊὴν‖σβέσαταἴθοπιοἴνῳ
πρῶτονfirstπρῶτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to σβέσατ̓μὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκατὰthroughoutκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleπυρκαϊὴνpyreπυρκαιά · accusative singular feminine nounobject of σβέσατ̓σβέσατquenchσβέννυμι · aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbαἴθοπιgleamingαἶθοψ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies οἴνῳοἴνῳwineοἶνος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to σβέσατ̓ - 238
all of it, as far as the fire's fury had reached; and then
Metre
πᾶσανὁπόσσονἐπέσχε‖πυρὸςμένοςαὐτὰρἔπειτα
πᾶσανallπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πυρκαϊὴνὁπόσσονas far asὁπόσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐπέσχεἐπέσχεhad reachedἐπέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to πᾶσανπυρὸςfireπῦρ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies μένοςμένοςfuryμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐπέσχεαὐτὰρandἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to λέγωμεν - 239
let us gather the bones of Patroclus, son of Menoetius,
Metre
ὀστέαΠατρόκλοιο‖Μενοιτιάδαολέγωμεν
ὀστέαbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of λέγωμενΠατρόκλοιοPatroclusΠάτροκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὀστέαΜενοιτιάδαοson of MenoetiusΜενοιτιάδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Πατρόκλοιολέγωμενgatherλέγω · present active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verb - 240
distinguishing them with care; they are easy to recognize.
Metre
εὖδιαγιγνώσκοντες‖ἀριφραδέαδὲτέτυκται
εὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to διαγιγνώσκοντεςδιαγιγνώσκοντεςdistinguishingδιαγιγνώσκω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to λέγωμενἀριφραδέαplain to seeἀριφραδής · nominative plural neuter adjectivepredicate nounδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτέτυκταιisτεύχω · perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 241
For he lay in the middle of the pyre, while the others
Metre
ἐνμέσσῃγὰρἔκειτο‖πυρῇτοὶἄλλοιἄνευθεν
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionμέσσῃin the middleμέσος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πυρῇγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔκειτοlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπυρῇpyreπυρή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐντοὶtheὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄλλοιδwhileδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄλλοιothersἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubjectἄνευθενfar offἄνευθε · adverbadverbial to καίοντ̓ - 242
burned mingled at its outer edge, horses and men.
Metre
ἐσχατιῇκαίοντ‖ἐπιμὶξἵπποιτεκαὶἄνδρες
ἐσχατιῇouter edgeἐσχατιά · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καίοντ̓καίοντburnedκαίω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπιμὶξmingled togetherἐπιμίξ · adverbadverbial to καίοντ̓ἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄνδρεςmenἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 243
Let us place them in a golden jar within a double layer of fat,
Metre
καὶτὰμὲνἐνχρυσέῃ‖φιάλῃκαὶδίπλακιδημῷ
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτὰthemὁ · accusative plural neuter pronounobject of θείομενμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐνwithinἐν · prepositionprepositionχρυσέῃgoldenχρύσεος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φιάλῃφιάλῃbowlφιάλη · dative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδίπλακιdouble layerδίπλαξ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies δημῷδημῷfatδημός · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 244
until I myself am hidden in Hades.
Metre
θείομενεἰςὅκεναὐτὸς‖ἐγὼνἌϊδικεύθωμαι
θείομενplaceτίθημι · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbεἰςuntilεἰς · prepositionprepositionὅuntilὁ · articleadverbial to εἰςκενmayἄν · particlesentence particleαὐτὸςmyselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐγὼνI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κεύθωμαιἌϊδιHadesἈίδης · dative singular masculine nounobject of κεύθωμαικεύθωμαιam hiddenκεύθω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st singular verbadverbial to θείομεν - 245
I command you not to labor now at a very great mound,
τύμβονmoundτύμβος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πονέεσθαιδandδέ · particlesentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleπολλὸνgreatπολύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τύμβονἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἄνωγαπονέεσθαιto laborπονέω · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἄνωγαἄνωγαcommandἄνωγα · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 246
but one of fitting size; afterward you Achaeans
Metre
ἀλλἐπιεικέατοῖον‖ἔπειταδὲκαὶτὸνἈχαιοὶ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπιεικέαfittingἐπιεικής · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifiesτοῖονsuchτοῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifiesἔπειταafterwardἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to τιθήμεναιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτὸνitὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τιθήμεναιἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τιθήμεναι - 247
who remain after me beside the many-benched ships
Metre
εὐρύνὑψηλόν‖τετιθήμεναιοἵκενἐμεῖο
εὐρύνbroadεὐρύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivecomplement of τεθandτε · particlesentence particleὑψηλόνhighὑψηλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivecomplement of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordτιθήμεναιto makeτίθημι · present active infinitivemain verbοἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of λίπησθεκενmayἄν · particlesentence particleἐμεῖοmeἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies δεύτεροι - 248
may make it broad and high."
δεύτεροιafterδεύτερος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionνήεσσιshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπολυκλήϊσιmany-benchedπολυκλήις · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νήεσσιλίπησθεremainλείπω · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd plural verbverb of a clause describing Ἀχαιοὶ - 249
So he spoke, and they obeyed the fleet son of Peleus.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἐπίθοντο‖ποδώκεϊΠηλεΐωνι
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπίθοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπίθοντοobeyedπείθω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbποδώκεϊswift-footedποδώκης · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠηλεΐωνιΠηλεΐωνιson of PeleusΠηλείων · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπίθοντο - 250
First they quenched the pyre with gleaming wine,
Metre
πρῶτονμὲνκατὰπυρκαϊὴν‖σβέσαναἴθοπιοἴνῳ
πρῶτονfirstπρῶτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to σβέσανμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκατὰthroughoutκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleπυρκαϊὴνpyreπυρκαιά · accusative singular feminine nounobject of σβέσανσβέσανquenchedσβέννυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbαἴθοπιgleamingαἶθοψ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies οἴνῳοἴνῳwineοἶνος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to σβέσαν - 251
as far as the flame had reached, and the deep ash sank down.
Metre
ὅσσονἐπὶφλὸξἦλθε‖βαθεῖαδὲκάππεσετέφρη
ὅσσονas far asὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἦλθεἐπὶoverἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleφλὸξflameφλόξ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἦλθεἦλθεreachedἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to σβέσανβαθεῖαdeepβαθύς · nominative singular feminine adjectivecircumstantial complementδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκάππεσεfellκαταπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτέφρηashτέφρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of κάππεσε - 252
Weeping, they gathered the white bones of their gentle companion
κλαίοντεςweepingκλαίω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἄλλεγονδandδέ · particlesentence particleἑτάροιοcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὀστέαἐνηέοςgentleἐνηής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροιοὀστέαbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἄλλεγονλευκὰwhiteλευκός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ὀστέα - 253
into a golden jar within a double layer of fat,
Metre
ἄλλεγονἐςχρυσέην‖φιάληνκαὶδίπλακαδημόν
ἄλλεγονgathered upἀναλέγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionχρυσέηνgoldenχρύσεος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φιάληνφιάληνbowlφιάλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶwithκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδίπλακαdouble layerδίπλαξ · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies δημόνδημόνfatδημός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 254
set it in the shelter, and covered it with soft linen.
Metre
ἐνκλισίῃσιδὲθέντες‖ἑανῷλιτὶκάλυψαν
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃσιsheltersκλισία · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθέντεςsetτίθημι · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to κάλυψανἑανῷsoftἑανός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λιτὶλιτὶlinenλίς · dative singular masculine nounobject of κάλυψανκάλυψανcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 255
They traced the mound's circle and laid its foundations
Metre
τορνώσαντοδὲσῆμα‖θεμείλιάτεπροβάλοντο
τορνώσαντοtraced the circleτορνόομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleσῆμαmoundσῆμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τορνώσαντοθεμείλιάfoundationsθέμεθλα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προβάλοντοτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordπροβάλοντοlaid downπροβάλλω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 256
around the pyre, then at once poured heaped earth above it.
Metre
ἀμφὶπυρήνεἶθαρ‖δὲχυτὴνἐπὶγαῖανἔχευαν
ἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionπυρήνpyreπυρή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶεἶθαρat onceεἶθαρ · adverbadverbial to ἔχευανδὲthenδέ · particlesentence particleχυτὴνheapedχυτός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανἐπὶaboveἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleγαῖανearthγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔχευανἔχευανpouredχέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 257
When they had heaped the mound, they started back; but Achilles
Metre
χεύαντεςδὲτὸσῆμα‖πάλινκίοναὐτὰρἈχιλλεὺς
χεύαντεςheapedχέω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to κίονδὲwhenδέ · particlecoordinating wordτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies σῆμασῆμαmoundσῆμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of χεύαντεςπάλινbackπάλιν · adverbobject of κίονκίονwentκίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbαὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ - 258
held the people there and seated them in a broad assembly ground.
Metre
αὐτοῦλαὸνἔρυκε‖καὶἵζανενεὐρὺνἀγῶνα
αὐτοῦthereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἔρυκελαὸνthe peopleλαός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔρυκεἔρυκεheld backἐρύκω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἵζανενseatedἱζάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεὐρὺνbroadεὐρύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγῶναἀγῶναgatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἵζανεν - 259
From the ships he brought prizes—cauldrons and tripods,
Metre
νηῶνἔκφερἄεθλα‖λέβητάςτετρίποδάςτε
νηῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἔκφεῤδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔκφερcarried outἐκφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobjectλέβητάςcauldronsλέβης · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleτρίποδάςtripodsτρίπους · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particle - 260
horses and mules, the strong heads of cattle,
Metre
ἵππουςἡμιόνους‖τεβοῶνἴφθιμακάρηνα
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τεθandτε · particlesentence particleἡμιόνουςmulesἡμίονος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleβοῶνcattleβοῦς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies κάρηνατandτε · particlesentence particleἴφθιμαstrongἴφθιμος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κάρηνακάρηναheadsκάρηνον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of τε - 261
well-girdled women and gray iron,
Metre
ἠδὲγυναῖκαςἐϋζώνους‖πολιόντεσίδηρον
ἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctionsentence particleγυναῖκαςwomenγυνή · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τεἐϋζώνουςwell-girdledεὔζωνος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies γυναῖκαςπολιόνgrayπολιός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies σίδηροντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordσίδηρονironσίδηρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τε - 262
and first for the swift chariot drivers he set splendid prizes:
Metre
ἱππεῦσινμὲνπρῶτα‖ποδώκεσινἀγλάἄεθλα
ἱππεῦσινhorsemenἱππεύς · dative plural masculine nounobject of θῆκεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleπρῶταfirstπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to θῆκεποδώκεσινswiftποδώκης · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππεῦσινἀγλάsplendidἀγλαός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλαἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject - 263
a blameless woman skilled in handiwork to take away,
Metre
θῆκεγυναῖκαἄγεσθαι‖ἀμύμοναἔργαἰδυῖαν
θῆκεsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγυναῖκαwomanγυνή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶἄγεσθαιto takeἄγω · present medio-passive infinitivemodifies γυναῖκαἀμύμοναblamelessἀμύμων · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαἔργαhandiworkἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἰδυῖανἰδυῖανskilled inοἶδα · perfect active participle, accusative singular femininemodifies γυναῖκα - 264
and an eared tripod holding twenty-two measures
Metre
καὶτρίποδὠτώεντα‖δυωκαιεικοσίμετρον
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτρίποδtripodτρίπους · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶὠτώενταearedὠτώεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδ̓δυωκαιεικοσίμετρονtwenty-two measuresδυωκαιεικοσίμετρος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδ̓ - 265
for the first man; for the second he set a mare,
Metre
τῷπρώτῳἀτὰραὖ‖τῷδευτέρῳἵππονἔθηκεν
τῷtheὁ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies πρώτῳπρώτῳfirstπρῶτος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππεῦσινἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleτῷtheὁ · dative singular masculine articlemodifies δευτέρῳδευτέρῳsecondδεύτερος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἔθηκενἵππονmareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔθηκενἔθηκενsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 266
six years old, unbroken, carrying a mule foal;
Metre
ἑξέτεἀδμήτην‖βρέφοςἡμίονονκυέουσαν
ἑξέτεsix years oldἑξέτης · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἵππονἀδμήτηνunbrokenἄδμητος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἵππονβρέφοςfoalβρέφος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κυέουσανἡμίονονmuleἡμίονος · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies βρέφοςκυέουσανcarryingκυέω · present active participle, accusative singular femininemodifies ἵππον - 267
for the third he set down an unused cauldron,
Metre
αὐτὰρτῷτριτάτῳ‖ἄπυρονκατέθηκελέβητα
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleτῷtheὁ · dative singular masculine articlemodifies τριτάτῳτριτάτῳthirdτρίτατος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of κατέθηκεἄπυρονunusedἄπυρος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβητακατέθηκεset downκατατίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλέβηταcauldronλέβης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κατέθηκε - 268
beautiful, holding four measures, still bright as new;
Metre
καλὸντέσσαραμέτρα‖κεχανδόταλευκὸνἔταὔτως
καλὸνbeautifulκαλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβητατέσσαραfourτέσσαρες · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies μέτραμέτραmeasuresμέτρον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of κεχανδότακεχανδόταholdingχανδάνω · perfect active participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies λέβηταλευκὸνbrightλευκός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβηταἔτstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to λευκὸναὔτωςas newαὔτως · adverbadverbial to λευκὸν - 269
for the fourth he set two talents of gold,
Metre
τῷδὲτετάρτῳθῆκε‖δύωχρυσοῖοτάλαντα
τῷtheὁ · dative singular masculine articlemodifies τετάρτῳδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleτετάρτῳfourthτέταρτος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of θῆκεθῆκεsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies τάλανταχρυσοῖοgoldχρυσός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τάλαντατάλανταtalentsτάλαντον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of θῆκε - 270
and for the fifth an untouched two-handled bowl.
Metre
πέμπτῳἀμφίθετον‖φιάληνἀπύρωτονἔθηκε
πέμπτῳfifthπέμπτος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἔθηκεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφίθετονtwo-handledἀμφίθετος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φιάληνφιάληνbowlφιάλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔθηκεἀπύρωτονuntouched by fireἀπύρωτος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φιάληνἔθηκεsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 271
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆstoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςuprightὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονwordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινthe ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 272
"Son of Atreus, and you other well-greaved Achaeans,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδητεκαὶἄλλοι‖ἐϋκνήμιδεςἈχαιοὶ
Ἀτρεΐδηson of AtreusἈτρείδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄλλοιotherἄλλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιοὶἐϋκνήμιδεςwell-greavedἐυκνήμις · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοὶἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 273
these prizes lie waiting in the arena for the chariot drivers.
Metre
ἱππῆαςτάδἄεθλα‖δεδεγμένακεῖτἐνἀγῶνι
ἱππῆαςhorsemenἱππεύς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δεδεγμένατάδtheseὅδε · nominative plural neuter pronounmodifies ἄεθλαἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of κεῖτ̓δεδεγμέναwaitingδέχομαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural neuteradverbial to κεῖτ̓κεῖτlieκεῖμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιgatheringἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐν - 274
If we Achaeans were now holding games for another,
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἀεθλεύοιμενἐπὶforἐπί · prepositionprepositionἄλλῳanotherἄλλος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπὶἀεθλεύοιμενwere holding gamesἀθλεύω · present active optative, 1st plural verbadverbial to εἰἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀεθλεύοιμεν - 275
I would take the first prize and carry it to my shelter.
Metre
ἦἂνἐγὼτὰπρῶτα‖λαβὼνκλισίηνδὲφεροίμην
ἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἂνwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of φεροίμηντὰtheὁ · accusative plural neuter articlemodifies πρῶταπρῶταfirstπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of λαβὼνλαβὼνtakeλαμβάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to φεροίμηνκλισίηνshelterκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of φεροίμηνδὲtoδέ · particleemphasizing particleφεροίμηνI would carryφέρω · present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 276
For you know how far my horses surpass all others in excellence:
Metre
ἴστεγὰρὅσσονἐμοὶ‖ἀρετῇπεριβάλλετονἵπποι
ἴστεyou knowοἶδα · perfect active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὅσσονhow farὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to περιβάλλετονἐμοὶmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιἀρετῇexcellenceἀρετή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to περιβάλλετονπεριβάλλετονsurpassπεριβάλλω · present active indicative, 3rd dual verbobject of ἴστεἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of περιβάλλετον - 277
they are immortal, and Poseidon gave them
Metre
ἀθάνατοίτεγάρεἰσι‖Ποσειδάωνδὲπόραὐτοὺς
ἀθάνατοίimmortalἀθάνατος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounτεandτε · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleεἰσιareεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πόῤδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπόρgaveπόρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτοὺςthemαὐτός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of πόῤ - 278
to my father Peleus, who in turn entrusted them to me.
Metre
πατρὶἐμῷΠηλῆϊ‖ὃαὖτἐμοὶἐγγυάλιξεν
πατρὶfatherπατήρ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Πηλῆϊἐμῷmyἐμός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατρὶΠηλῆϊPeleusΠηλεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of πόῤὃwhoὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐγγυάλιξενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἐμοὶmeἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐγγυάλιξενἐγγυάλιξενentrustedἐγγυαλίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 279
But I shall remain apart, I and my single-hoofed horses,
Metre
ἀλλἤτοιμὲνἐγὼ‖μενέωκαὶμώνυχεςἵπποι
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἤτοιtrulyἤτοι · particlesentence particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶμενέωremainμένω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμώνυχεςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 280
for they have lost the noble glory of so kind a driver,
Metre
τοίουγὰρκλέοςἐσθλὸν‖ἀπώλεσανἡνιόχοιο
τοίουsuch aτοῖος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἡνιόχοιογὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκλέοςgloryκλέος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀπώλεσανἐσθλὸνnobleἐσθλός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κλέοςἀπώλεσανlostἀπόλλυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἡνιόχοιοdriverἡνίοχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κλέος - 281
who so often poured smooth oil over both their manes
Metre
ἠπίουὅςσφωϊν‖μάλαπολλάκιςὑγρὸνἔλαιον
ἠπίουgentleἤπιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἡνιόχοιοὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κατέχευεσφωϊνtheirσφεῖς · dative dual masculine pronounadverbial to κατέχευεμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleπολλάκιςoftenπολλάκις · adverbadverbial to κατέχευεὑγρὸνliquidὑγρός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔλαιονἔλαιονoilἔλαιον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κατέχευε - 282
after washing them in clear water.
χαιτάωνmanesχαίτη · genitive plural feminine nounobject of κατέχευεκατέχευεpoured downκαταχεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἡνιόχοιολοέσσαςafter washingλούω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κατέχευεὕδατιwaterὕδωρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to λοέσσαςλευκῷclearλευκός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ὕδατι - 283
The two stand mourning him, and on the ground
Metre
τὸντώἑσταότες‖πενθείετονοὔδεϊδέσφι
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of πενθείετοντώthe twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of πενθείετονγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἑσταότεςstandingἵστημι · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to πενθείετονπενθείετονmournπενθέω · present active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbοὔδεϊthe groundοὖδας · dative singular neuter nounobject of ἐρηρέδαταιδέandδέ · particlesentence particleσφιtheirσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounmodifies χαῖται - 284
their manes trail; there they stand, grieving at heart.
Metre
χαῖταιἐρηρέδαται‖τὼἕστατονἀχνυμένωκῆρ
χαῖταιmanesχαίτη · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἐρηρέδαταιἐρηρέδαταιtrailἐρείδω · perfect passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτὼtheyὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of ἕστατονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἕστατονstandἵστημι · perfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbἀχνυμένωgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἕστατονκῆρheartκῆρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀχνυμένω - 285
But you others, make ready throughout the camp, whoever among the Achaeans
Metre
ἄλλοιδὲστέλλεσθε‖κατὰστρατόνὅςτιςἈχαιῶν
ἄλλοιothersἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of στέλλεσθεδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordστέλλεσθεmake readyστέλλω · aorist middle imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbκατὰthroughoutκατά · prepositionprepositionστρατόνcampστρατός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰὅςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of πέποιθετιςwhoeverτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ὅς - 286
trusts in his horses and his close-fitted chariot."
Metre
ἵπποισίντεπέποιθε‖καὶἅρμασικολλητοῖσιν
ἵπποισίνhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleπέποιθεtrustsπείθω · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἄλλοικαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἅρμασιchariotsἅρμα · dative plural neuter nounobject of καὶκολλητοῖσινwell-jointedκολλητός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἅρμασι - 287
So the son of Peleus spoke, and the swift chariot drivers gathered.
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοspokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of φάτοταχέεςswiftταχύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππῆεςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἱππῆεςhorsemenἱππεύς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἄγερθενἄγερθενgatheredἀγείρω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 288
First by far rose Eumelus, lord of men,
Metre
ὦρτοπολὺπρῶτος‖μὲνἄναξἀνδρῶνΕὔμηλος
ὦρτοroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολὺby farπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to πρῶτοςπρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄναξlordἄναξ · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Εὔμηλοςἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἄναξΕὔμηλοςEumelusΕὔμηλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 289
the dear son of Admetus, who excelled in horsemanship;
Metre
Ἀδμήτουφίλοςυἱός‖ὃςἱπποσύνῃἐκέκαστο
Ἀδμήτουof AdmetusἌδμητος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱόςφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱόςυἱόςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Εὔμηλοςὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐκέκαστοἱπποσύνῃhorsemanshipἱπποσύνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐκέκαστοἐκέκαστοexcelledκαίνυμαι · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Εὔμηλος - 290
and after him arose mighty Diomedes, son of Tydeus;
Metre
τῷἐπὶΤυδεΐδης‖ὦρτοκρατερὸςΔιομήδης
τῷhimὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπὶδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπὶafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionΤυδεΐδηςson of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Διομήδηςὦρτοaroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρατερὸςmightyκρατερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΔιομήδηςΔιομήδηςDiomedesΔιομήδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 291
he brought Trojan horses beneath the yoke, those he once took
Metre
ἵππουςδὲΤρῳοὺς‖ὕπαγεζυγόνοὕςποτἀπηύρα
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὕπαγεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΤρῳοὺςTrojanΤρωιός · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςὕπαγεbrought underὑπάγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbζυγόνyokeζυγός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὕπαγεοὕςwhichὅς · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἀπηύραποτonceποτέ · particleadverbial to ἀπηύραἀπηύραhe took awayἀπαυράω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀτὰρ - 292
from Aeneas, though Apollo rescued the man himself.
ΑἰνείανAeneasΑἰνείας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀπηύραἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτὸνhimselfαὐτός · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ὑπεξεσάωσενὑπεξεσάωσενrescuedὑπεκσῴζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀτὰρἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὑπεξεσάωσεν - 293
After him rose the son of Atreus, golden-haired Menelaus,
Metre
τῷἄρἐπἈτρεΐδης‖ὦρτοξανθὸςΜενέλαος
τῷhimὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionἈτρεΐδηςson of AtreusἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μενέλαοςὦρτοroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbξανθὸςfair-hairedξανθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαοςΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 294
Zeus-sprung, and beneath the yoke he led his swift horses,
Metre
διογενήςὑπὸδὲ‖ζυγὸνἤγαγενὠκέαςἵππους
διογενήςZeus-sprungδιογενής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενέλαοςὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordζυγὸνyokeζυγόν · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὑπὸἤγαγενledἄγω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὠκέαςswiftὠκύς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject - 295
Agamemnon's mare Aethe and his own Podargus.
Metre
ΑἴθηντὴνἈγαμεμνονέην‖τὸνἑόντεΠόδαργον
ΑἴθηνAetheΑἴθη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of τετὴνtheὁ · accusative singular feminine articlemodifies ἈγαμεμνονέηνἈγαμεμνονέηνAgamemnon'sἈγαμεμνόνεος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Αἴθηντὸνtheὁ · accusative singular masculine articlemodifies ἑόνἑόνhis ownἑός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πόδαργοντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordΠόδαργονPodargusΠόδαργος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τε - 296
Echepolus, son of Anchises, had given her to Agamemnon
Metre
τὴνἈγαμέμνονιδῶκ‖ἈγχισιάδηςἘχέπωλος
τὴνherὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of δῶκ̓ἈγαμέμνονιAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · dative singular masculine nounobject of δῶκ̓δῶκhad givenδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈγχισιάδηςson of AnchisesἈγχισιάδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἘχέπωλοςἘχέπωλοςEchepolusἘχέπωλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δῶκ̓ - 297
as a gift, so he need not follow him to windy Ilion,
Metre
δῶρἵναμήοἱἕποιθ‖ὑπὸἼλιονἠνεμόεσσαν
δῶρas a giftδῶρον · accusative plural neuter nouncircumstantial complementἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμήnotμή · adverbemphasizing particleοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἕποιθ̓ἕποιθmight followἕπομαι · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἀλλ̓ὑπὸtoὑπό · prepositionprepositionἼλιονIlionἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὑπὸἠνεμόεσσανwindyἠνεμόεις · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιον - 298
but might stay there and take his ease; for Zeus had given him
Metre
ἀλλαὐτοῦτέρποιτο‖μένωνμέγαγάροἱἔδωκε
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὐτοῦthereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to μένωντέρποιτοmight take easeτέρπω · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἀλλ̓μένωνstaying thereμένω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τέρποιτομέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄφενοςγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔδωκεἔδωκεhad givenδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 299
great wealth, and he lived in broad-dancing Sicyon.
ΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔδωκεἄφενοςwealthἄφενος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔδωκεναῖενlivedναίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ναῖενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionεὐρυχόρῳbroadεὐρύχορος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ΣικυῶνιΣικυῶνιSicyonΣικυών · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 300
This mare he led beneath the yoke, yearning greatly for the race.
Metre
τὴνὅὑπὸζυγὸνἦγε‖μέγαδρόμουἰσχανόωσαν
τὴνherὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἦγεὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἦγεγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionζυγὸνyokeζυγός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὑπὸἦγεledἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαgreatlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἰσχανόωσανδρόμουraceδρόμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἰσχανόωσανἰσχανόωσανyearningἰσχανάω · present active participle, accusative singular femininecircumstantial complement - 301
Antilochus was fourth to harness his lovely-maned horses,
Metre
Ἀντίλοχοςδὲτέταρτος‖ἐΰτριχαςὁπλίσαθἵππους
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὁπλίσαθ̓δὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτέταρτοςfourthτέταρτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐΰτριχαςlovely-manedεὖθριξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςὁπλίσαθmade readyὁπλίζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὁπλίσαθ̓ - 302
the splendid son of Nestor, the high-hearted lord,
Metre
Νέστοροςἀγλαὸςυἱὸς‖ὑπερθύμοιοἄνακτος
ΝέστοροςNestorΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςἀγλαὸςsplendidἀγλαός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀντίλοχοςὑπερθύμοιοhigh-heartedὑπέρθυμος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἄνακτοςἄνακτοςlordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Νέστορος - 303
son of Neleus; his horses were bred in Pylos,
Metre
τοῦΝηληϊάδαο‖Πυλοιγενέεςδέοἱἵπποι
τοῦtheὁ · genitive singular masculine articlemodifies ΝηληϊάδαοΝηληϊάδαοson of NeleusΝηληιάδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ΝέστοροςΠυλοιγενέεςPylos-bornΠυλοιγενής · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to φέρονἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φέρον - 304
swift-footed, and drew his chariot. His father stood near
Metre
ὠκύποδεςφέρονἅρμα‖πατὴρδέοἱἄγχιπαραστὰς
ὠκύποδεςswift-footedὠκύπους · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιφέρονdrewφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἅρμαchariotἅρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of φέρονπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μυθεῖτ̓δέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἄγχιἄγχιnearἄγχι · prepositionprepositionπαραστὰςstandingπαρίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μυθεῖτ̓ - 305
and counseled him for his good, though he himself already understood:
Metre
μυθεῖτεἰςἀγαθὰ‖φρονέωννοέοντικαὶαὐτῷ
μυθεῖτcounseledμυθέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεἰςforεἰς · prepositionprepositionἀγαθὰgoodἀγαθός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to εἰςφρονέωνintendingφρονέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μυθεῖτ̓νοέοντιunderstoodνοέω · present active participle, dative singular masculineadverbial to φρονέωνκαὶthoughκαί · adverbemphasizing particleαὐτῷhimselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 306
"Antilochus, though you are young, Zeus and Poseidon
Metre
Ἀντίλοχἤτοιμέν‖σενέονπερἐόντἐφίλησαν
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἤτοιtrulyἤτοι · particlesentence particleμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐφίλησαννέονyoungνέος · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounπερthoughπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἐόντbeingεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἐφίλησανlovedφιλέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 307
have loved you and taught you every kind
Metre
ΖεύςτεΠοσειδάων‖τεκαὶἱπποσύναςἐδίδαξαν
ΖεύςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἱπποσύναςhorsemanshipἱπποσύνη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐδίδαξανἐδίδαξανtaughtδιδάσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 308
of horsemanship; so there is little need to teach you.
παντοίαςevery kindπαντοῖος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἱπποσύναςτὼsoτῷ · adverbsentence particleκαίalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of διδασκέμενδιδασκέμενto teachδιδάσκω · present active infinitivemodifies χρεώοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbialμάλαvery muchμάλα · adverbadverbialχρεώneedχρεώ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject - 309
You know well how to wheel around the turning posts; but your horses
Metre
οἶσθαγὰρεὖπερὶτέρμαθ‖ἑλισσέμενἀλλάτοιἵπποι
οἶσθαknowοἶδα · perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to οἶσθαπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionτέρμαθturning postsτέρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of περὶἑλισσέμενto wheelἑλίσσω · present active infinitiveobject of οἶσθαἀλλάbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleτοιyourσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject - 310
are slowest at running, and so I think this will go badly.
Metre
βάρδιστοιθείειν‖τώοἴωλοίγιἔσεσθαι
βάρδιστοιslowestβάρδιστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounθείεινto runθέω · present active infinitiveadverbialτώsoτῷ · adverbsentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleοἴωI thinkὀίω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbλοίγιtroubleλοίγιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivesubject of ἔσεσθαιἔσεσθαιwill beεἰμί · future middle infinitiveobject of οἴω - 311
The others' horses are swifter, yet the men themselves
Metre
τῶνἵπποιμὲνἔασιν‖ἀφάρτεροιοὐδὲμὲναὐτοὶ
τῶνthe others'ὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιδyetδέ · particlesentence particleἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔασινμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleἔασινareεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀφάρτεροιswifterἀφάρτερος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleαὐτοὶthemselvesαὐτός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 312
know no more than you do of devising a plan.
Metre
πλείοναἴσασιν‖σέθεναὐτοῦμητίσασθαι
πλείοναmoreπλείων · accusative plural neuter comparative adjectiveadverbial to μητίσασθαιἴσασινknowοἶδα · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσέθενthan youσύ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to πλείονααὐτοῦyourselfαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμητίσασθαιto deviseμητίομαι · aorist middle infinitiveobject of ἴσασιν - 313
Come then, dear son, put every kind of cunning
Metre
ἀλλἄγεδὴσὺφίλος‖μῆτινἐμβάλλεοθυμῷ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἄγεcomeἄγε · adverbsentence particleδὴthenδή · particleemphasizing particleσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐμβάλλεοφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies σὺμῆτινcunningμῆτις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐμβάλλεοἐμβάλλεοcastἐμβάλλω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbθυμῷin your heartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐμβάλλεο - 314
into your heart, so that the prizes do not escape you.
Metre
παντοίηνἵναμή‖σεπαρεκπροφύγῃσινἄεθλα
παντοίηνof every kindπαντοῖος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μῆτινἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμήdo notμή · adverbemphasizing particleσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of παρεκπροφύγῃσινπαρεκπροφύγῃσινescapeπαρεκπροφεύγω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἵναἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of παρεκπροφύγῃσιν - 315
By cunning a woodcutter is far better than by strength;
Metre
μήτιτοιδρυτόμος‖μέγἀμείνωνἠὲβίηφι
μήτιby cunningμῆτις · dative singular feminine nounadverbialτοιyou seeτοι · particlesentence particleδρυτόμοςwoodcutterδρυτόμος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectμέγfarμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀμείνωνἀμείνωνbetterἀμείνων · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἠὲthanἤ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionβίηφιby strengthβία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial - 316
by cunning too a helmsman on the wine-dark sea
Metre
μήτιαὖτεκυβερνήτης‖ἐνὶοἴνοπιπόντῳ
μήτιby cunningμῆτις · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἰθύνειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτεin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleκυβερνήτηςhelmsmanκυβερνήτης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἰθύνειἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionοἴνοπιwine-darkοἶνοψ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόντῳπόντῳseaπόντος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 317
guides a swift ship battered by the winds;
Metre
νῆαθοὴνἰθύνει‖ἐρεχθομένηνἀνέμοισι
νῆαshipναῦς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἰθύνειθοὴνswiftθοός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαἰθύνειguidesἰθύνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐρεχθομένηνbatteredἐρέχθω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular femininecircumstantial complementἀνέμοισιwindsἄνεμος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐρεχθομένην - 318
and by cunning one charioteer surpasses another.
Metre
μήτιἡνίοχος‖περιγίγνεταιἡνιόχοιο
μήτιby cunningμῆτις · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to περιγίγνεταιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡνίοχοςcharioteerἡνίοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of περιγίγνεταιπεριγίγνεταιsurpassesπεριγίγνομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἡνιόχοιοanother charioteerἡνίοχος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of περιγίγνεται - 319
But the man who trusts in his horses and his chariot
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἑλίσσεταιμένon one handμέν · particlesentence particleθandτε · particlesentence particleἵπποισιhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἅρμασινchariotἅρμα · dative plural neuter nounobject of καὶοἷσιhis ownὅς · dative plural neuter pronounmodifies καὶπεποιθὼςtrustingπείθω · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἑλίσσεται - 320
wheels recklessly far out, now this way, now that;
Metre
ἀφραδέωςἐπὶπολλὸν‖ἑλίσσεταιἔνθακαὶἔνθα
ἀφραδέωςrecklesslyἀφραδής · adverbadverbial to ἑλίσσεταιἐπὶoutἐπί · prepositionprepositionπολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπὶἑλίσσεταιwheelsἑλίσσω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔνθαthis wayἔνθα · adverbadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔνθαthat wayἔνθα · adverbadverbial to καὶ - 321
his horses wander over the course, and he does not hold them in.
Metre
ἵπποιδὲπλανόωνται‖ἀνὰδρόμονοὐδὲκατίσχει
ἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of πλανόωνταιδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπλανόωνταιwanderπλανάω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀνὰalongἀνά · prepositionprepositionδρόμονcourseδρόμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀνὰκατίσχειholds them inκατίσχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 322
But the man who knows his advantage, though driving weaker horses,
Metre
ὃςδέκεκέρδεαεἰδῇ‖ἐλαύνωνἥσσοναςἵππους
ὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἰδῇδέbutδέ · particlesentence particleκεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleκέρδεαadvantagesκέρδος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of εἰδῇεἰδῇknowsοἶδα · perfect active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of ἀλλ̓ἐλαύνωνdrivingἐλαύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἰδῇἥσσοναςweakerἥσσων · accusative plural masculine comparative adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐλαύνων - 323
keeps his eye on the post and turns close, never forgetting
Metre
αἰεὶτέρμὁρόων‖στρέφειἐγγύθενοὐδέἑλήθει
αἰεὶeverἀεί · adverbadverbial to ὁρόωντέρμturning postτέρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὁρόωνὁρόωνseeingὁράω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to στρέφειστρέφειturnsστρέφω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐγγύθενcloseἐγγύθεν · adverbadverbial to στρέφειἑhimἕ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λήθειλήθειescapes noticeλανθάνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 324
how from the start to keep the oxhide reins drawn taut,
Metre
ὅππωςτὸπρῶτον‖τανύσῃβοέοισινἱμᾶσιν
ὅππωςhowὅπως · adverbadverbial to τανύσῃτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πρῶτονπρῶτονfrom the startπρῶτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to τανύσῃτανύσῃkeep tautτανύω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of λήθειβοέοισινoxhideβόειος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱμᾶσινἱμᾶσινreinsἱμάς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to τανύσῃ - 325
but holds them steady and watches the man ahead.
Metre
ἀλλἔχειἀσφαλέως‖καὶτὸνπροὔχονταδοκεύει
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔχειholdsἔχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀσφαλέωςsteadilyἀσφαλής · adverbadverbial to ἔχεικαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτὸνthe manὁ · accusative singular masculine articlemodifies προὔχονταπροὔχονταman aheadπροέχω · present active participle, accusative singular masculineobject of δοκεύειδοκεύειwatchesδοκεύω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 326
I shall tell you a sign, plain to see, and it will not escape you.
Metre
σῆμαδέτοιἐρέω‖μάλἀριφραδέςοὐδέσελήσει
σῆμαsignσῆμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐρέωδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐρέωἐρέωwill tellἐρῶ · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbμάλveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleἀριφραδέςplain to seeἀριφραδής · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σῆμασεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λήσειλήσειwill escapeλανθάνω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 327
A dry stump stands about a fathom above the ground,
ἕστηκεstandsἵστημι · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbξύλονstumpξύλον · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἕστηκεαὖονdryαὖος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ξύλονὅσονaboutὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbialτandτε · particlesentence particleὄργυιfathomὄργυια · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectὑπὲρaboveὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionαἴηςgroundαἶα · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὲρ - 328
whether oak or pine; rain does not rot it,
Metre
ἢδρυὸςἢπεύκης‖τὸμὲνοὐκαταπύθεταιὄμβρῳ
ἢwhetherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleδρυὸςan oakδρῦς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἢἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπεύκηςpineπεύκη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἢτὸitὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of καταπύθεταιμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleκαταπύθεταιrotκαταπύθω · present passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄμβρῳrainὄμβρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to καταπύθεται - 329
and two white stones are fixed against it, one on either side,
Metre
λᾶεδὲτοῦἑκάτερθεν‖ἐρηρέδαταιδύολευκὼ
λᾶεstonesλᾶας · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of ἐρηρέδαταιδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleτοῦitὁ · genitive singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἑκάτερθενἑκάτερθενon either sideἑκάτερθε · adverbprepositionἐρηρέδαταιare fixedἐρείδω · perfect passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδύοtwoδύο · numeralmodifies λᾶελευκὼwhiteλευκός · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies λᾶε - 330
at the joining of the road, and the chariot track is smooth around it.
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionξυνοχῇσινjoiningσυνοχή · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὁδοῦthe roadὁδός · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ξυνοχῇσινλεῖοςsmoothλεῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππόδρομοςδandδέ · particlesentence particleἱππόδρομοςchariot trackἱππόδρομος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἀμφὶςaroundἀμφίς · adverbadverbial - 331
Perhaps it is the monument of some mortal long dead,
Metre
ἤτευσῆμαβροτοῖο‖πάλαικατατεθνηῶτος
ἤperhapsἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτευsomeone'sτις · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies βροτοῖοσῆμαmonumentσῆμα · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounβροτοῖοof a mortalβροτός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σῆμαπάλαιlong agoπάλαι · adverbadverbial to κατατεθνηῶτοςκατατεθνηῶτοςlong deadκαταθνήσκω · perfect active participle, genitive singular masculinemodifies βροτοῖο - 332
or perhaps men of earlier days made it a turning post;
Metre
ἢτόγενύσσατέτυκτο‖ἐπὶπροτέρωνἀνθρώπων
ἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordτόitὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of τέτυκτογεperhapsγε · particleemphasizing particleνύσσαturning postνύσσα · nominative singular feminine nounpredicate nounτέτυκτοhad been madeτεύχω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπὶin the time ofἐπί · prepositionprepositionπροτέρωνearlierπρότερος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνθρώπωνἀνθρώπωνmenἄνθρωπος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 333
and now swift-footed godlike Achilles has made it the turn.
Metre
καὶνῦντέρματἔθηκε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἔθηκετέρματturning postsτέρμα · accusative plural neuter nouncomplement of ἔθηκεἔθηκεmadeτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔθηκε - 334
Drive your horses and chariot very close beside it,
Metre
τῷσὺμάλἐγχρίμψας‖ἐλάανσχεδὸνἅρμακαὶἵππους
τῷitὁ · dative singular neuter pronounobject of ἐγχρίμψαςσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐλάανμάλveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἐγχρίμψαςἐγχρίμψαςpressing closeἐγχρίμπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐλάανἐλάανdriveἐλαύνω · present active infinitivemain verbσχεδὸνcloseσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ἐλάανἅρμαchariotἅρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶ - 335
and lean yourself gently to the left of the pair
Metre
αὐτὸςδὲκλινθῆναι‖ἐϋπλέκτῳἐνὶδίφρῳ
αὐτὸςyourselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκλινθῆναιleanκλίνω · aorist passive infinitivemain verbἐϋπλέκτῳwell-plaitedεὔπλεκτος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies δίφρῳἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionδίφρῳchariotδίφρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 336
in your well-woven chariot; but urge the right-hand horse
Metre
ἦκἐπἀριστερὰτοῖιν‖ἀτὰρτὸνδεξιὸνἵππον
ἦκgentlyἦκα · adverbadverbial to ἐπ̓ἐπtowardἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀριστερὰthe leftἀριστερός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓τοῖινthe pairὁ · genitive dual masculine articlemodifies ἀριστερὰἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleτὸνtheὁ · accusative singular masculine articlemodifies ἵππονδεξιὸνrightδεξιός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππονἵππονhorseἵππος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κένσαι - 337
with a shout and a prick, and let the reins yield in your hands.
Metre
κένσαιὁμοκλήσας‖εἶξαίτέοἱἡνίαχερσίν
κένσαιprick themκεντέω · aorist active infinitivemain verbὁμοκλήσαςwith a shoutὁμοκλέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κένσαιεἶξαίyieldεἴκω · aorist active infinitivemain verbτέandτε · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of εἶξαίἡνίαreinsἡνία · accusative plural neuter nounobject of εἶξαίχερσίνhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to εἶξαί - 338
At the post let your left-hand horse press close,
Metre
ἐννύσσῃδέτοιἵππος‖ἀριστερὸςἐγχριμφθήτω
ἐνatἐν · prepositionprepositionνύσσῃturning postνύσσα · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιyourτοι · particlesentence particleἵπποςhorseἵππος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐγχριμφθήτωἀριστερὸςleft-handἀριστερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποςἐγχριμφθήτωpress closeἐγχρίμπτω · aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 339
so that the nave of your fashioned wheel seems almost to graze it;
Metre
ὡςἄντοιπλήμνη‖γεδοάσσεταιἄκρονἱκέσθαι
ὡςso thatὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἄνmayἄν · particlesentence particleτοιyourτοι · particlesentence particleπλήμνηnaveπλήμνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of δοάσσεταιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleδοάσσεταιseemsδοάσσατο · aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὡςἄκρονouter edgeἄκρον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἱκέσθαιἱκέσθαιto reachἱκνέομαι · aorist middle infinitiveobject of δοάσσεται - 340
but take care not to strike the stone,
Metre
κύκλουποιητοῖο‖λίθουἀλέασθαιἐπαυρεῖν
κύκλουwheelκύκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πλήμνηποιητοῖοfashionedποιητός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies κύκλουλίθουthe stoneλίθος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐπαυρεῖνδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀλέασθαιtake careἀλέομαι · aorist middle infinitivemain verbἐπαυρεῖνto strikeἐπαυρέω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἀλέασθαι - 341
lest you wound the horses and shatter the chariot.
Metre
μήπωςἵππουςτε‖τρώσῃςκατάἅρματαἄξῃς
μήlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπωςsomehowπως · particleadverbial to θ̓ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τρώσῃςτεandτε · particlesentence particleτρώσῃςyou woundτιτρώσκω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to θ̓κατάto piecesκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleθandτε · particlecoordinating wordἅρματαchariotsἅρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἄξῃςἄξῃςyou smashἄγνυμι · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to θ̓ - 342
That would be joy for the others and shame for you;
Metre
χάρμαδὲτοῖςἄλλοισιν‖ἐλεγχείηδὲσοὶαὐτῷ
χάρμαa joyχάρμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubjectδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleτοῖςfor theὁ · dative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄλλοισινἄλλοισινothersἄλλος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbialἐλεγχείηdisgraceἐλεγχείη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔσσεταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσοὶfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔσσεταιαὐτῷyourselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 343
so, dear son, be watchful and keep your judgment.
Metre
ἔσσεταιἀλλὰφίλος‖φρονέωνπεφυλαγμένοςεἶναι
ἔσσεταιwill beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleφίλοςdearφίλος · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headφρονέωνbe thoughtfulφρονέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶναιπεφυλαγμένοςbe watchfulφυλάσσω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculinepredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitivemain verb - 344
For if you pass them at the post while pursuing,
Metre
εἰγάρἐννύσσῃ‖γεπαρεξελάσῃσθαδιώκων
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐνatἐν · prepositionprepositionνύσσῃturning postνύσσα · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπαρεξελάσῃσθαyou passπαρεξελαύνω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἰδιώκωνpursuingδιώκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to παρεξελάσῃσθα - 345
there is no man who could catch you by a burst or pass you,
Metre
οὐκἔσθὅςκέἕλῃσι‖μετάλμενοςοὐδὲπαρέλθῃ
οὐκnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἔσθthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δὲκέcouldἄν · particlesentence particleσyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἕλῃσιἕλῃσιcatch youαἱρέω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of δὲμετάλμενοςsurging pastμεθάλλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλῃσιπαρέλθῃpass byπαρέρχομαι · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of δὲ - 346
not even if he drove behind you divine Arion,
Metre
οὐδεἴκενμετόπισθεν‖Ἀρίοναδῖονἐλαύνοι
εἴeven ifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκενcouldἄν · particlesentence particleμετόπισθενbehindμετόπισθε · adverbadverbial to ἐλαύνοιἈρίοναArionἈρίων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἢδῖονdivineδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀρίοναἐλαύνοιdroveἐλαύνω · present active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἴ - 347
the swift horse of Adrastus, whose stock was from the gods,
Metre
Ἀδρήστουταχὺνἵππον‖ὃςἐκθεόφινγένοςἦεν
Ἀδρήστουof AdrastusἌδραστος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵππονταχὺνswiftταχύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππονἵππονhorseἵππος · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀρίοναὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἦενἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionθεόφινfrom the godsθεόφιν · genitive plural masculine nounpredicate nounγένοςlineageγένος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἦενἦενwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἀρίονα - 348
or Laomedon's horses, the finest bred in this land."
Metre
ἢτοὺςΛαομέδοντος‖οἳἐνθάδεἔτραφενἐσθλοί
ἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordτοὺςthoseὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἢΛαομέδοντοςof LaomedonΛαομέδων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τοὺςοἳwhichὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔτραφενἐνθάδεhereἐνθάδε · adverbadverbial to ἔτραφενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἔτραφενwere bredτρέφω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing τοὺςἐσθλοίfineἐσθλός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 349
So Nestor, son of Neleus, spoke and sat again in his place,
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνΝέστωρ‖Νηλήϊοςἂψἐνὶχώρῃ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνspokeεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕζετ̓ΝέστωρNestorΝέστωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἕζετ̓Νηλήϊοςson of NeleusΝηλεύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Νέστωρἂψagainἄψ · adverbadverbial to ἕζετ̓ἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionχώρῃthe placeχώρα · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 350
when he had told his son the sum of every point.
Metre
ἕζετἐπεὶᾧπαιδὶ‖ἑκάστουπείρατἔειπε
ἕζετsat downἕζομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἔειπεᾧhisἑός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies παιδὶπαιδὶsonπαῖς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπεἑκάστουeveryἕκαστος · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies πείρατ̓πείρατfull detailsπεῖραρ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔειπεἔειπεhad toldεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἕζετ̓ - 351
Meriones was fifth to harness his lovely-maned horses.
Metre
Μηριόνηςἄραπέμπτος‖ἐΰτριχαςὁπλίσαθἵππους
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὁπλίσαθ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπέμπτοςfifthπέμπτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐΰτριχαςlovely-manedεὖθριξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςὁπλίσαθmade readyὁπλίζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὁπλίσαθ̓ - 352
They mounted their chariots and cast their lots within a helmet;
Metre
ἂνἔβανἐςδίφρους‖ἐνδὲκλήρουςἐβάλοντο
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔβανmountedβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionδίφρουςchariotsδίφρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐςἐνwithinἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκλήρουςlotsκλῆρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐβάλοντοἐβάλοντοcastβάλλω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 353
Achilles shook it, and out leapt the lot of Nestor's son,
Metre
πάλλἈχιλεύςἐκδὲ‖κλῆροςθόρεΝεστορίδαο
πάλλshookπάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχιλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πάλλ̓ἐκoutἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκλῆροςlotκλῆρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θόρεθόρεleaptθρῴσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΝεστορίδαοNestor's sonΝεστορίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀντιλόχου - 354
Antilochus; after him the lord Eumelus drew his place;
Ἀντιλόχουof AntilochusἈντίλοχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κλῆροςμετὰafterμετά · prepositionprepositionτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounadverbial to μετὰδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔλαχεreceivedλαγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρείωνlordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΕὔμηλοςΕὔμηλοςEumelusΕὔμηλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔλαχε - 355
after him came the son of Atreus, Menelaus famed with the spear;
Metre
τῷἄρἐπἈτρεΐδης‖δουρὶκλειτὸςΜενέλαος
τῷhimὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionἈτρεΐδηςson of AtreusἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μενέλαοςδουρὶwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to κλειτὸςκλειτὸςfamedκλειτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαοςΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 356
after him Meriones drew his place to drive; and last
Metre
τῷἐπὶΜηριόνης‖λάχἐλαυνέμενὕστατοςαὖτε
τῷhimὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπὶδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπὶafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάχ̓λάχreceivedλαγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαυνέμενto driveἐλαύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to λάχ̓ὕστατοςlastὕστερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὖτεin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particle - 357
the son of Tydeus, though far the best, drew the place to drive his horses.
Metre
Τυδεΐδηςὄχἄριστος‖ἐὼνλάχἐλαυνέμενἵππους
Τυδεΐδηςson of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάχ̓ὄχfarὄχα · adverbadverbial to ἄριστοςἄριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐὼνbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to λάχ̓λάχreceivedλαγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαυνέμενto driveἐλαύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to λάχ̓ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐλαυνέμεν - 358
They stood in order, and Achilles showed them the turning post
Metre
στὰνδὲμεταστοιχί‖σήμηνεδὲτέρματἈχιλλεὺς
στὰνstoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμεταστοιχίin orderμεταστοιχεί · adverbadverbial to στὰνσήμηνεshowedσημαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτέρματturning postsτέρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of σήμηνεἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of σήμηνε - 359
far away on the level plain; beside it he stationed as watcher
Metre
τηλόθενἐνλείῳ‖πεδίῳπαρὰδὲσκοπὸνεἷσεν
τηλόθενfar awayτηλόθεν · adverbmodifies τέρματ̓ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionλείῳlevelλεῖος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πεδίῳπεδίῳplainπεδίον · dative singular neuter nounmodifies ἐνπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσκοπὸνwatcherσκοπός · accusative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complementεἷσενseatedἵζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 360
godlike Phoenix, his father's companion,
Metre
ἀντίθεονΦοίνικα‖ὀπάοναπατρὸςἑοῖο
ἀντίθεονgodlikeἀντίθεος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΦοίνικαΦοίνικαPhoenixΦοῖνιξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἷσενὀπάοναcompanionὀπάων · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Φοίνικαπατρὸςhis father'sπατήρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὀπάοναἑοῖοhisἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατρὸς - 361
to remember the runs and report the truth.
ὡςso thatὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμεμνέῳτοrememberμιμνήσκω · perfect medio-passive optative, 3rd verbadverbial to καὶδρόμουςrunsδρόμος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of μεμνέῳτοκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀληθείηνtruthἀλήθεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀποείποιἀποείποιreportἀπεῖπον · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶ - 362
All together they raised their whips over the horses,
Metre
οἳἅμαπάντεςἐφἵπποιιν‖μάστιγαςἄειραν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἄειρανδandδέ · particlesentence particleἅμαall togetherἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἄειρανπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἐφoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionἵπποιινhorsesἵππος · dative dual masculine nounobject of ἐφ̓μάστιγαςwhipsμάστιξ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἄειρανἄειρανraisedἀείρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 363
struck them with the reins, and shouted words
πέπληγόνstruckπλήσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbθandτε · particlesentence particleἱμᾶσινreinsἱμάς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to πέπληγόνὁμόκλησάνshouted toὁμοκλέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτandτε · particlecoordinating wordἐπέεσσινwordsἔπος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ὁμόκλησάν - 364
urgently; swiftly they covered the plain
Metre
ἐσσυμένωςοἳὦκα‖διέπρησσονπεδίοιο
ἐσσυμένωςeagerlyἐσσύμενος · adverbadverbial to ὁμόκλησάνοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of διέπρησσονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὦκαswiftlyὦκα · adverbadverbial to διέπρησσονδιέπρησσονcrossedδιαπράσσω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπεδίοιοthe plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of διέπρησσον - 365
away from the ships, and beneath their chests the dust
Metre
νόσφινεῶνταχέως‖ὑπὸδὲστέρνοισικονίη
νόσφιaway fromνόσφι · prepositionprepositionνεῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounadverbial to νόσφιταχέωςswiftlyταχύς · adverbadverbial to διέπρησσονὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleστέρνοισιchestsστέρνον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ὑπὸκονίηdustκονία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἵστατ̓ - 366
rose and stood like a cloud or a whirlwind,
ἵστατroseἵστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀειρομένηrisingἀείρω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἵστατ̓ὥςlikeὡς · adverbadverbialτεjustτε · particlesentence particleνέφοςcloudνέφος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἠὲἠὲorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordθύελλαstorm windθύελλα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠὲ - 367
and the manes streamed in the breaths of wind.
Metre
χαῖταιἐρρώοντο‖μετὰπνοιῇςἀνέμοιο
χαῖταιmanesχαίτη · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἐρρώοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐρρώοντοstreamedῥώομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbμετὰinμετά · prepositionprepositionπνοιῇςgustsπνοή · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μετὰἀνέμοιοof windἄνεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πνοιῇς - 368
The chariots now drew near the earth that feeds many,
Metre
ἅρματαἄλλοτεμὲν‖χθονὶπίλνατοπουλυβοτείρῃ
ἅρματαthe chariotsἅρμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of πίλνατοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄλλοτεat one momentἄλλοτε · adverbadverbial to πίλνατομὲνnowμέν · particlesentence particleχθονὶearthχθών · dative singular feminine nounobject of πίλνατοπίλνατοdrew nearπιλνάω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπουλυβοτείρῃall-nurturingπολυβότειρα · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies χθονὶ - 369
now leapt high into the air; the drivers
Metre
ἄλλοτεἀΐξασκε‖μετήορατοὶἐλατῆρες
ἄλλοτεnowἄλλοτε · adverbadverbial to ἀΐξασκεδthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀΐξασκεleaptἀίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμετήοραsuspended aloftμετήορος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀΐξασκετοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἐλατῆρεςδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐλατῆρεςdriversἐλατήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἕστασαν - 370
stood in their chariots, and each man's heart pounded
Metre
ἕστασανἐνδίφροισι‖πάτασσεδὲθυμὸςἑκάστου
ἕστασανstoodἵστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδίφροισιchariotsδίφρος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνπάτασσεpoundedπατάσσω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πάτασσεἑκάστουof each manἕκαστος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμὸς - 371
in his longing for victory; each called to his own
Metre
νίκηςἱεμένων‖κέκλοντοδὲοἷσινἕκαστος
νίκηςvictoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἱεμένωνἱεμένωνlongingἵημι · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural masculinecircumstantial complementκέκλοντοcalledκέλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleοἷσινhis ownἑός · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιςἕκαστοςeachἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 372
horses, and they flew in dust across the plain.
Metre
ἵπποιςοἳἐπέτοντο‖κονίοντεςπεδίοιο
ἵπποιςhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of κέκλοντοοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπέτοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπέτοντοflewπέτομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκονίοντεςraising dustκονίω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐπέτοντοπεδίοιοacross the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἐπέτοντο - 373
But when the swift horses were completing the last stretch
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴπύματον‖τέλεονδρόμονὠκέεςἵπποι
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to τέλεονδὴat lastδή · particleemphasizing particleπύματονthe lastπύματος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies δρόμοντέλεονwere completingτελέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τότεδρόμονcourseδρόμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τέλεονὠκέεςswiftὠκύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τέλεον - 374
back toward the gray sea, then each team's excellence
Metre
ἂψἐφἁλὸςπολιῆς‖τότεδὴἀρετήγεἑκάστου
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbadverbial to τέλεονἐφtowardἐπί · prepositionprepositionἁλὸςseaἅλς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐφ̓πολιῆςgrayπολιός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἁλὸςτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to δ̓δὴthenδή · particleemphasizing particleἀρετήexcellenceἀρετή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of φαίνετ̓γεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἑκάστουof eachἕκαστος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρετή - 375
showed, and at once the race drew taut for the horses. Swiftly then
Metre
φαίνετἄφαρἵπποισι‖τάθηδρόμοςὦκαἔπειτα
φαίνετappearedφαίνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄφαρat onceἄφαρ · adverbadverbial to τάθηδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἵπποισιhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to τάθητάθηdrew tautτείνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδρόμοςraceδρόμος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τάθηὦκαswiftlyὦκα · adverbadverbial to ἔκφερονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἔκφερον - 376
the fleet mares of Pheres' grandson surged ahead.
Metre
αἳΦηρητιάδαο‖ποδώκεεςἔκφερονἵπποι
αἳtheὁ · nominative plural feminine articlemodifies ἵπποιΦηρητιάδαοPheres' grandsonΦηρητιάδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵπποιποδώκεεςswift-footedποδώκης · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἔκφερονsurged aheadἐκφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἵπποιmaresἵππος · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔκφερον - 377
After them came the stallions of Diomedes,
Metre
τὰςδὲμετἐξέφερον‖Διομήδεοςἄρσενεςἵπποι
τὰςthemὁ · accusative plural feminine pronounadverbial to μετ̓δὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμετafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἐξέφερονcame behindἐκφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbΔιομήδεοςof DiomedesΔιομήδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵπποιἄρσενεςmaleἄρσην · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐξέφερον - 378
the Trojan horses, not far behind but very close;
Metre
Τρώϊοιοὐδέτιπολλὸν‖ἄνευθἔσανἀλλὰμάλἐγγύς
ΤρώϊοιTrojanΤρώιος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἔσανπολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἄνευθ̓ἄνευθbehindἄνευθε · adverbadverbial to ἔσανἔσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordμάλveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleἐγγύςnearἐγγύς · adverbadverbial - 379
for they always seemed about to mount the chariot,
Metre
αἰεὶγὰρδίφρου‖ἐπιβησομένοισινἐΐκτην
αἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἐΐκτηνγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleδίφρουchariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐπιβησομένοισινἐπιβησομένοισινabout to mountἐπιβαίνω · future middle participle, dative plural masculineobject of ἐΐκτηνἐΐκτηνseemedἔοικα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verb - 380
and with their breath they warmed Eumelus' back and broad shoulders,
Metre
πνοιῇΕὐμήλοιο‖μετάφρενονεὐρέεὤμω
πνοιῇwith their breathπνοή · dative singular feminine nounobject of θέρμετ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΕὐμήλοιοEumelus'Εὔμηλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τ̓μετάφρενονbackμετάφρενον · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of τ̓εὐρέεbroadεὐρύς · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies ὤμωτandτε · particlecoordinating wordὤμωshouldersὦμος · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of τ̓ - 381
for they laid their heads above him as they flew.
Metre
θέρμετἐπαὐτῷγὰρ‖κεφαλὰςκαταθέντεπετέσθην
θέρμετwarmedθέρμω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπaboveἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷhimαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓γὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκεφαλὰςtheir headsκεφαλή · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καταθέντεκαταθέντεloweringκατατίθημι · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to πετέσθηνπετέσθηνflewπέτομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verb - 382
And now he would have passed or made the race a dead heat,
Metre
καίνύκενἢπαρέλασσ‖ἢἀμφήριστονἔθηκεν
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἢκενwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleἢeitherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleπαρέλασσhave passedπαρελαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀμφήριστονdead heatἀμφήριστος · accusative singular neuter adjectivecomplement of ἔθηκενἔθηκενmadeτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 383
had not Phoebus Apollo grown angry at Tydeus' son
Metre
εἰμὴΤυδέοςυἷϊ‖κοτέσσατοΦοῖβοςἈπόλλων
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleΤυδέοςTydeusΤυδεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷϊυἷϊsonυἱός · dative singular masculine nounobject of κοτέσσατοκοτέσσατοangryκοτέω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰΦοῖβοςPhoebusΦοῖβος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈπόλλωνἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κοτέσσατο - 384
and struck the shining whip from his hands.
Metre
ὅςῥάοἱἐκχειρῶν‖ἔβαλενμάστιγαφαεινήν
ὅςheὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔβαλενῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies χειρῶνἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionχειρῶνhandsχείρ · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἐκἔβαλενstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἀπόλλωνμάστιγαwhipμάστιξ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔβαλενφαεινήνshiningφαεινός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μάστιγα - 385
Tears poured from his eyes in anger,
Metre
τοῖοἀπὀφθαλμῶν‖χύτοδάκρυαχωομένοιο
τοῖοhisὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies ὀφθαλμῶνδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionὀφθαλμῶνeyesὀφθαλμός · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἀπ̓χύτοpouredχέω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδάκρυαtearsδάκρυον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of χύτοχωομένοιοin his angerχώομαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 386
because he saw the mares running faster still,
Metre
οὕνεκατὰςμὲνὅρα‖ἔτικαὶπολὺμᾶλλονἰούσας
οὕνεκαbecauseοὕνεκα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτὰςthemὁ · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ὅραμὲνon one handμέν · particlesentence particleὅραhe sawὁράω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δέἔτιstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleπολὺmuchπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to μᾶλλονμᾶλλονfasterμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἰούσαςἰούσαςrunningεἶμι · present active participle, accusative plural femininecircumstantial complement - 387
while his own horses were hindered, racing without the goad.
Metre
οἳδέοἱἐβλάφθησαν‖ἄνευκέντροιοθέοντες
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐβλάφθησανδέwhileδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies οἳἐβλάφθησανwere hinderedβλάπτω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δέἄνευwithoutἄνευ · prepositionprepositionκέντροιοgoadκέντρον · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to ἄνευθέοντεςrunningθέω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐβλάφθησαν - 388
But Apollo did not escape Athena's notice in his deceit
Metre
οὐδἄρἈθηναίην‖ἐλεφηράμενοςλάθἈπόλλων
ἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἈθηναίηνAthenaἈθήνη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of λάθ̓ἐλεφηράμενοςdeceivingἐλεφαίρομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to λάθ̓λάθescaped notice ofλανθάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάθ̓ - 389
against Tydeus' son; swiftly she rushed after the shepherd of the people,
Metre
Τυδεΐδηνμάλαὦκα‖μετέσσυτοποιμέναλαῶν
ΤυδεΐδηνTydeus' sonΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounobject of ἐλεφηράμενοςμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleὦκαswiftlyὦκα · adverbadverbial to μετέσσυτομετέσσυτοrushed afterμετασεύομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποιμέναshepherdποιμήν · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μετέσσυτολαῶνof the peopleλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ποιμένα - 390
gave him the whip, and put strength into his horses.
δῶκεgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δῶκεμάστιγαwhipμάστιξ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δῶκεμένοςstrengthμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐνῆκενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἵπποισινhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐνῆκενἐνῆκενputἐνίημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 391
Then in anger she went after the son of Admetus,
Metre
ἣδὲμετἈδμήτου‖υἱὸνκοτέουσἐβεβήκει
ἣsheὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἐβεβήκειδὲthenδέ · particlesentence particleμετafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἈδμήτουof AdmetusἌδμητος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸνυἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μετ̓κοτέουσin angerκοτέω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἐβεβήκειἐβεβήκειhad goneβαίνω · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 392
and the goddess broke his horses' yoke; his mares
Metre
ἵππειονδέοἱἦξε‖θεὰζυγόναἳδέοἱἵπποι
ἵππειονhorses'ἵππειος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ζυγόνδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ζυγόνἦξεbrokeἄγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεὰgoddessθεά · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἦξεζυγόνyokeζυγόν · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἦξεαἳtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine articlemodifies ἵπποιδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιἵπποιmaresἵππος · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of δραμέτην - 393
ran apart on either side of the road, and the pole fell to the ground.
ἀμφὶςon either sideἀμφίς · prepositionprepositionὁδοῦthe roadὁδός · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶςδραμέτηνranτρέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbῥυμὸςpoleῥυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐλύσθηδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐπὶἐλύσθηfellἐλύω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 394
but he rolled from the chariot beside the wheel
αὐτὸςheαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionδίφροιοchariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionτροχὸνthe wheelτροχός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to παρὰἐξεκυλίσθηrolled outἐκκυλίνδω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 395
and scraped his elbows, mouth, and nostrils;
ἀγκῶνάςelbowsἀγκών · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleπεριδρύφθηscrapedπεριδρύπτω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbστόμαmouthστόμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleῥῖνάςnostrilsῥίς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 396
his forehead was bruised above the brows; and his two eyes
Metre
θρυλίχθηδὲμέτωπον‖ἐπὀφρύσιτὼδέοἱὄσσε
θρυλίχθηbruisedθρυλίσσω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμέτωπονforeheadμέτωπον · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of θρυλίχθηἐπaboveἐπί · prepositionprepositionὀφρύσιbrowsὀφρύς · dative plural feminine nounmodifies ἐπ̓τὼtwoὁ · nominative dual neuter articlemodifies ὄσσεδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὄσσεὄσσεeyesὄσσε · nominative dual neuter nounsubject of πλῆσθεν - 397
filled with tears, and his strong voice was checked.
Metre
δακρυόφιπλῆσθεν‖θαλερὴδέοἱἔσχετοφωνή
δακρυόφιtearsδάκρυον · genitive plural neuter nounobject of πλῆσθενπλῆσθενwere filledπίμπλημι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbθαλερὴvigorousθαλερός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φωνήδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies φωνήἔσχετοwas checkedἔχω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφωνήvoiceφωνή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔσχετο - 398
But the son of Tydeus turned aside and held his single-hoofed horses,
Metre
Τυδεΐδηςδὲπαρατρέψας‖ἔχεμώνυχαςἵππους
Τυδεΐδηςson of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχεδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleπαρατρέψαςturned asideπαρατρέπω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔχεἔχεheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμώνυχαςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔχε - 399
leaping far ahead of the others; for Athena
Metre
πολλὸντῶνἄλλων‖ἐξάλμενοςἐνγὰρἈθήνη
πολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐξάλμενοςτῶνtheὁ · genitive plural masculine articlemodifies ἄλλωνἄλλωνothersἄλλος · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐξάλμενοςἐξάλμενοςleaping aheadἐξάλλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔχεἐνintoἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἈθήνηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶ - 400
put strength into his horses and laid glory upon the man himself.
Metre
ἵπποιςἧκεμένος‖καὶἐπαὐτῷκῦδοςἔθηκε
ἵπποιςhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἧκεἧκεputἵημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶμένοςstrengthμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἧκεκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷhimselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓κῦδοςgloryκῦδος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔθηκεἔθηκεlaidτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶ - 401
After him came the son of Atreus, golden-haired Menelaus.
Metre
τῷἄρἐπἈτρεΐδης‖εἶχεξανθὸςΜενέλαος
τῷafter himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionἈτρεΐδηςson of AtreusἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μενέλαοςεἶχεfollowedἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbξανθὸςfair-hairedξανθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαοςΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἶχε - 402
Antilochus called out to his father's horses:
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐκέκλετοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἵπποισινhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐκέκλετοἐκέκλετοcalledκέλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπατρὸςfather'sπατήρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵπποισινἑοῖοhisἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατρὸς - 403
"Press on, you two, and strain with all your speed.
Metre
ἔμβητονκαὶσφῶϊ‖τιταίνετονὅττιτάχιστα
ἔμβητονpress onἐμβαίνω · aorist active imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleσφῶϊyou twoσύ · vocative dual masculine pronoungoverned by an elided headτιταίνετονstrainτιταίνω · present active imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbὅττιasὅτι · conjunctionemphasizing particleτάχισταwith all speedταχύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to τιταίνετον - 404
I do not command you to contend with those horses,
Metre
ἤτοιμὲνκείνοισιν‖ἐριζέμενοὔτικελεύω
ἤτοιtrulyἤτοι · particlesentence particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκείνοισινthoseκεῖνος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποισιἐριζέμενto contendἐρίζω · present active infinitiveobject of κελεύωοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to κελεύωκελεύωcommandκελεύω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 405
the horses of warlike Tydeus' son, to whom Athena
Τυδεΐδεωof Tydeus' sonΤυδείδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵπποισιἵπποισιhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐριζέμενδαΐφρονοςwarlikeδαίφρων · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τυδεΐδεωοἷσινto whomὅς · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ὤρεξεἈθήνηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶ - 406
has now granted speed and laid glory upon their driver.
Metre
νῦνὤρεξετάχος‖καὶἐπαὐτῷκῦδοςἔθηκεν
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to καὶὤρεξεhas grantedὀρέγω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing καὶτάχοςspeedτάχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὤρεξεκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷhimαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓κῦδοςgloryκῦδος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔθηκενἔθηκενhas laidτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing καὶ - 407
But catch the horses of Atreus' son, and do not be left behind,
Metre
ἵππουςἈτρεΐδαο‖κιχάνετεμὴδὲλίπησθον
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of κιχάνετεδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἈτρεΐδαοof Atreus' sonἈτρείδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵππουςκιχάνετεcatchκιχάνω · present active imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbμὴdo notμή · particleemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordλίπησθονbe left behindλείπω · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd dual verbmain verb - 408
quickly, lest Aethe pour shame over you both,
Metre
καρπαλίμωςμὴσφῶϊν‖ἐλεγχείηνκαταχεύῃ
καρπαλίμωςquicklyκαρπάλιμος · adverbadverbial to δὲμὴlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionσφῶϊνyou bothσύ · dative dual masculine pronounobject of καταχεύῃἐλεγχείηνdisgraceἐλεγχείη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καταχεύῃκαταχεύῃpourκαταχεύω · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to μὴ - 409
though she is a mare. Why are you falling behind, my fine pair?
Metre
Αἴθηθῆλυςἐοῦσα‖τίἢλείπεσθεφέριστοι
ΑἴθηAetheΑἴθη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καταχεύῃθῆλυςa mareθῆλυς · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounἐοῦσαbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular femininemodifies Αἴθητίwhyτίς · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to λείπεσθεἢthenἤ · conjunctionsentence particleλείπεσθεfalling behindλείπω · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbφέριστοιmy fine pairφέριστος · vocative plural masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided head - 410
For this I tell you, and it shall surely be fulfilled:
Metre
ὧδεγὰρἐξερέω‖καὶμὴντετελεσμένονἔσται
ὧδεthusὧδε · adverbadverbial to ἐξερέωγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐξερέωI will tellἐξερέω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμὴνsurelyμήν · particlesentence particleτετελεσμένονfulfilledτελέω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular neuterpredicate nounἔσταιwill beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 411
you shall have no care from Nestor, shepherd of the people,
Metre
οὐσφῶϊνκομιδὴ‖παρὰΝέστοριποιμένιλαῶν
οὐnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleσφῶϊνfor you twoσύ · dative dual masculine pronounobject of ἔσσεταικομιδὴcareκομιδή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔσσεταιπαρὰfromπαρά · prepositionprepositionΝέστοριNestorΝέστωρ · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to παρὰποιμένιshepherdποιμήν · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Νέστοριλαῶνof the peopleλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ποιμένι - 412
but at once he will kill you with sharp bronze
Metre
ἔσσεταιαὐτίκαὔμμε‖κατακτενεῖὀξέϊχαλκῷ
ἔσσεταιwill beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to κατακτενεῖδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὔμμεyouσύ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of κατακτενεῖκατακτενεῖwill killκατακτείνω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὀξέϊsharpὀξύς · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατακτενεῖ - 413
if through your heedlessness we carry off a poorer prize.
Metre
αἴἀποκηδήσαντε‖φερώμεθαχεῖρονἄεθλον
αἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκshouldἄν · particlesentence particleἀποκηδήσαντεbeing carelessἀποκηδέω · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to φερώμεθαφερώμεθαcarry offφέρω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verbadverbial to αἴχεῖρονpoorerχείρων · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectivemodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of φερώμεθα - 414
Come, follow close and hurry with all your speed;
Metre
ἀλλἐφομαρτεῖτον‖καὶσπεύδετονὅττιτάχιστα
ἀλλcomeἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἐφομαρτεῖτονfollow closeἐφομαρτέω · present active imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσπεύδετονhurryσπεύδω · present active imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbὅττιasὅστις · accusative singular neuter pronounemphasizing particleτάχισταwith all speedταχύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to σπεύδετον - 415
and I myself shall devise and plan this:
Metre
ταῦταἐγὼναὐτὸς‖τεχνήσομαιἠδὲνοήσω
ταῦταthisοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobjectδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐγὼνIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἠδὲαὐτὸςmyselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementτεχνήσομαιdeviseτεχνάομαι · future medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordνοήσωplanνοέω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 416
to slip past him where the road is narrow, and I shall not miss it."
Metre
στεινωπῷἐνὁδῷ‖παραδύμεναιοὐδέμελήσει
στεινωπῷnarrowστενωπός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὁδῷἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionὁδῷthe roadὁδός · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπαραδύμεναιslip pastπαραδύομαι · aorist active infinitiveobjectμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λήσειλήσειwill escape meλανθάνω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 417
So he spoke, and they, fearing their lord's rebuke,
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθspokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπιδραμέτηνδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄνακτοςtheir lord'sἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὁμοκλὴνὑποδείσαντεςfearingὑποδείδω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηνὁμοκλὴνrebukeὁμοκλή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὑποδείσαντες - 418
ran harder for a little while; and soon thereafter
Metre
μᾶλλονἐπιδραμέτην‖ὀλίγονχρόνοναἶψαἔπειτα
μᾶλλονharderμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηνἐπιδραμέτηνran onἐπιτρέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbὀλίγονlittleὀλίγος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρόνονχρόνονa little whileχρόνος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηναἶψαsoonαἶψα · adverbadverbial to ἴδενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειταthereafterἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἴδεν - 419
Antilochus, steadfast in battle, saw a narrowing of the road.
Metre
στεῖνοςὁδοῦκοίλης‖ἴδενἈντίλοχοςμενεχάρμης
στεῖνοςnarrow groundστεῖνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἴδενὁδοῦthe roadὁδός · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies στεῖνοςκοίληςhollowκοῖλος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὁδοῦἴδενsawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἴδενμενεχάρμηςsteadfast in battleμενεχάρμης · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀντίλοχος - 420
There was a cleft in the earth where winter water, pent up,
ῥωχμὸςcleftῥωχμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔηνἔηνwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγαίηςearthγαῖα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ῥωχμὸςᾗwhereᾗ · adverbadverbial to δὲχειμέριονwinterχειμέριος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ὕδωρἀλὲνpenned inεἴλω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular neutermodifies ὕδωρὕδωρwaterὕδωρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐξέρρηξεν - 421
had broken through the road and hollowed the whole place.
Metre
ἐξέρρηξενὁδοῖο‖βάθυνεδὲχῶρονἅπαντα
ἐξέρρηξενbroke throughἐκρήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δὲὁδοῖοthe roadὁδός · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐξέρρηξενβάθυνεhollowedβαθύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δὲδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχῶρονplaceχῶρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βάθυνεἅπανταwholeἅπας · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χῶρον - 422
Menelaus held his course there, avoiding a clash of wheels.
Metre
τῇεἶχενΜενέλαος‖ἁματροχιὰςἀλεείνων
τῇthereτῇ · adverbadverbial to εἶχενῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleεἶχενheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἶχενἁματροχιὰςclash of wheelsἁματροχιά · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἀλεείνωνἀλεείνωνavoidingἀλεείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶχεν - 423
But Antilochus turned aside and held his single-hoofed horses
Metre
Ἀντίλοχοςδὲπαρατρέψας‖ἔχεμώνυχαςἵππους
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleπαρατρέψαςturned asideπαρατρέπω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔχεἔχεheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμώνυχαςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔχε - 424
off the road, driving a little to one side.
Metre
ἐκτὸςὁδοῦὀλίγον‖δὲπαρακλίναςἐδίωκεν
ἐκτὸςoutsideἐκτός · prepositionprepositionὁδοῦthe roadὁδός · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐκτὸςὀλίγονlittleὀλίγος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to παρακλίναςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπαρακλίναςturning asideπαρακλίνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐδίωκενἐδίωκενdroveδιώκω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 425
The son of Atreus grew afraid and shouted to Antilochus:
Ἀτρεΐδηςson of AtreusἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔδεισεgrew afraidδείδω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈντιλόχῳto AntilochusἈντίλοχος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐγεγώνειἐγεγώνειhe cried outγέγωνα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 426
"Antilochus, you are driving recklessly; hold in your horses!
Metre
Ἀντίλοχἀφραδέως‖ἱππάζεαιἀλλἄνεχἵππους
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἀφραδέωςrecklesslyἀφραδής · adverbadverbial to ἱππάζεαιἱππάζεαιyou are drivingἱππάζομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄνεχhold inἀνέχω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἄνεχ̓ - 427
The road is narrow; soon it will be wider for passing.
Metre
στεινωπὸςγὰρὁδός‖τάχαεὐρυτέρηπαρελάσσαι
στεινωπὸςnarrowστενωπός · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὁδόςthe roadὁδός · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectτάχαsoonτάχα · adverbadverbialδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordεὐρυτέρηwiderεὐρύς · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounπαρελάσσαιto passπαρελαύνω · aorist active infinitiveadverbial - 428
Take care you do not strike my chariot and injure us both."
Metre
μήπωςἀμφοτέρους‖δηλήσεαιἅρματικύρσας
μήdo notμή · adverbemphasizing particleπωςby some chanceπως · particleadverbial to δηλήσεαιἀμφοτέρουςbothἀμφότερος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of δηλήσεαιδηλήσεαιinjure usδηλέομαι · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verbmain verbἅρματιwith your chariotἅρμα · dative singular neuter nounobject of κύρσαςκύρσαςstrikingκυρέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δηλήσεαι - 429
So he spoke, but Antilochus drove still harder,
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔλαυνεδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔτιstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleπολὺmuchπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to μᾶλλονμᾶλλονharderμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἔλαυνεἔλαυνεdroveἐλαύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 430
urging them with the goad as though he had not heard.
Metre
κέντρῳἐπισπέρχων‖ὡςοὐκἀΐοντιἐοικώς
κέντρῳwith the goadκέντρον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐπισπέρχωνἐπισπέρχωνurging onἐπισπέρχω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔλαυνεὡςas thoughὡς · adverbadverbial to ἐοικώςοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἀΐοντιhearingἀίω · present active participle, dative singular masculineobject of ἐοικώςἐοικώςseemingἔοικα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔλαυνε - 431
As far as the cast of a discus swung from the shoulder,
Metre
ὅσσαδὲδίσκουοὖρα‖κατωμαδίοιοπέλονται
ὅσσαas far asὅσος · nominative plural neuter adjectivepredicate nounδὲtheδέ · particlecoordinating wordδίσκουof a discusδίσκος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies οὖραοὖραrangeοὖρον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of πέλονταικατωμαδίοιοfrom the shoulderκατωμάδιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies δίσκουπέλονταιareπέλω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τόσσον - 432
thrown by a young man testing his strength,
ὅνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀφῆκεντtypicallyτε · particlesentence particleαἰζηὸςyoungαἰζηός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἀφῆκενthrewἀφίημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δίσκουἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀφῆκενπειρώμενοςtestingπειράω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀφῆκενἥβηςhis strengthἥβη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of πειρώμενος - 433
so far the pair ran on; then the mares of Atreus' son
Metre
τόσσονἐπιδραμέτην‖αἳἠρώησανὀπίσσω
τόσσονso farτόσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηνἐπιδραμέτηνran onἐπιτρέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbαἳtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of ἠρώησανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἠρώησανfell backἐρωέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὀπίσσωbackwardὀπίσω · adverbobject of ἠρώησαν - 434
fell back, for he willingly eased his driving,
Ἀτρεΐδεωson of AtreusἈτρείδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies αἳαὐτὸςheαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἑκὼνwillinglyἑκών · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμεθέηκενlet upμεθίημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαύνεινhis drivingἐλαύνω · present active infinitiveobject of μεθέηκεν - 435
lest the single-hoofed horses collide upon the road,
Metre
μήπωςσυγκύρσειαν‖ὁδῷἔνιμώνυχεςἵπποι
μήlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπωςsomehowπως · particleadverbial to συγκύρσειανσυγκύρσειανcollideσυγκυρέω · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓ὁδῷthe roadὁδός · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔνιἔνιuponἐν · prepositionprepositionμώνυχεςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of συγκύρσειαν - 436
overturn the well-woven chariots, and themselves
Metre
δίφρουςἀνστρέψειαν‖ἐϋπλεκέαςκατὰαὐτοὶ
δίφρουςchariotsδίφρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀνστρέψειαντandτε · particlesentence particleἀνστρέψειανoverturnἀναστρέφω · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓ἐϋπλεκέαςfinely wovenἐυπλεκής · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies δίφρουςκατὰdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτοὶthemselvesαὐτός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 437
fall in the dust as they pressed in pursuit of victory.
Metre
ἐνκονίῃσιπέσοιεν‖ἐπειγόμενοιπερὶνίκης
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσιthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνπέσοιενfallπίπτω · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓ἐπειγόμενοιpressing onἐπείγω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to πέσοιενπερὶforπερί · prepositionprepositionνίκηςvictoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of περὶ - 438
Golden-haired Menelaus rebuked him as he spoke:
Metre
τὸνκαὶνεικείων‖προσέφηξανθὸςΜενέλαος
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέφηκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleνεικείωνrebukingνεικέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέφηπροσέφηaddressedπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbξανθὸςfair-hairedξανθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαοςΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέφη - 439
"Antilochus, no other mortal is more destructive than you.
Metre
Ἀντίλοχοὔτιςσεῖο‖βροτῶνὀλοώτεροςἄλλος
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headοὔnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιςoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectσεῖοthan youσύ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to ὀλοώτεροςβροτῶνamong mortalsβροτός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιςὀλοώτεροςmore destructiveὀλοός · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἄλλοςotherἄλλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τις - 440
Go to ruin! We Achaeans were wrong to call you prudent.
Metre
ἔρρἐπεὶοὔἔτυμόν‖γεφάμενπεπνῦσθαιἈχαιοί
ἔρρbegoneἔρρω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleσyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of πεπνῦσθαιἔτυμόνtrulyἔτυμος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to φάμενγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleφάμενwe thoughtφημί · imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verbadverbial to ἐπεὶπεπνῦσθαιto be prudentπνέω · perfect medio-passive infinitiveobject of φάμενἈχαιοίAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φάμεν - 441
Yet even so, you shall not carry the prize without an oath."
Metre
ἀλλοὐμὰνοὐδὧς‖ἄτερὅρκουοἴσῃἄεθλον
ἀλλyetἀλλά · adverbsentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὰνsurelyμήν · particlesentence particleὧςeven soὡς · adverbadverbial to οἴσῃἄτερwithoutἄτερ · prepositionprepositionὅρκουoathὅρκος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἄτεροἴσῃcarryφέρω · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οἴσῃ - 442
So speaking, he called aloud and cried to his horses:
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνἵπποισιν‖ἐκέκλετοφώνησέντε
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνspeakingεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τεἵπποισινhorsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐκέκλετοἐκέκλετοcalledκέλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφώνησένspokeφωνέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 443
"Do not hold back or stand grieving at heart.
Metre
μήμοιἐρύκεσθον‖μὴἕστατονἀχνυμένωκῆρ
μήdo notμή · adverbemphasizing particleμοιfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐρύκεσθονἐρύκεσθονhold backἐρύκω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbμὴdo notμή · particleemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἕστατονstandἵστημι · perfect active imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbἀχνυμένωgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἕστατονκῆρheartκῆρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀχνυμένω - 444
The feet and knees of those horses will grow weary
Metre
φθήσονταιτούτοισι‖πόδεςκαὶγοῦνακαμόντα
φθήσονταιwill soonerφθάνω · future middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτούτοισιthoseοὗτος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to φθήσονταιπόδεςfeetπούς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordγοῦναkneesγόνυ · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καὶκαμόνταgrow wearyκάμνω · aorist active participle, nominative plural neuteradverbial to φθήσονται - 445
before yours; for both are bereft of youth."
ἢbeforeἤ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionὑμῖνyoursσύ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbialἄμφωbothἄμφω · nominative dual masculine adjectivesubject of ἀτέμβονταιγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἀτέμβονταιare deprivedἀτέμβω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbνεότητοςyouthνεότης · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀτέμβονται - 446
So he spoke, and they, fearing their lord's rebuke,
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθspokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπιδραμέτηνδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleἄνακτοςtheir lord'sἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὁμοκλὴνὑποδείσαντεςfearingὑποδείδω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηνὁμοκλὴνrebukeὁμοκλή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὑποδείσαντες - 447
ran harder, and soon drew close to them.
Metre
μᾶλλονἐπιδραμέτην‖τάχαδέσφισινἄγχιγένοντο
μᾶλλονharderμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἐπιδραμέτηνἐπιδραμέτηνran afterἐπιτρέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbτάχαsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to γένοντοδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσφισινthemσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἄγχιἄγχιcloseἄγχι · prepositionprepositionγένοντοdrew nearγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 448
The Argives sitting in the assembly watched
Metre
Ἀργεῖοιἐνἀγῶνι‖καθήμενοιεἰσορόωντο
Ἀργεῖοιthe ArgivesἈργεῖος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of εἰσορόωντοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιassemblyἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνκαθήμενοιsittingκάθημαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to εἰσορόωντοεἰσορόωντοwatchedεἰσοράω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 449
the horses as they flew in dust across the plain.
Metre
ἵππουςτοὶδὲπέτοντο‖κονίοντεςπεδίοιο
ἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of εἰσορόωντοτοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of πέτοντοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπέτοντοthey flewπέτομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκονίοντεςcaked in dustκονίω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to πέτοντοπεδίοιοacross the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of πέτοντο - 450
Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, first made out the horses,
Metre
πρῶτοςἸδομενεὺς‖Κρητῶνἀγὸςἐφράσαθἵππους
πρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐφράσαθ̓Κρητῶνof the CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἰδομενεὺςἐφράσαθmade outφράζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐφράσαθ̓ - 451
for he sat outside the assembly, highest at the lookout.
Metre
ἧστογὰρἐκτὸςἀγῶνος‖ὑπέρτατοςἐνπεριωπῇ
ἧστοhe satἧμαι · pluperfect middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐκτὸςoutsideἐκτός · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνοςthe gatheringἀγών · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐκτὸςὑπέρτατοςhighestὑπέρ · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐνatἐν · prepositionprepositionπεριωπῇa vantage pointπεριωπή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 452
Though the shouter was far away, he heard him
Metre
τοῖοἄνευθενἐόντος‖ὁμοκλητῆροςἀκούσας
τοῖοtheὁ · genitive singular masculine articlemodifies ὁμοκλητῆροςδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄνευθενfar awayἄνευθε · adverbadverbial to ἐόντοςἐόντοςbeingεἰμί · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementὁμοκλητῆροςthe shouterὁμοκλητήρ · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀκούσαςἀκούσαςhe heardἀκούω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔγνω - 453
and knew him; he made out the conspicuous leading horse,
Metre
ἔγνωφράσσατοἵππον‖ἀριπρεπέαπροὔχοντα
ἔγνωknewγιγνώσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφράσσατοmade outφράζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἵππονthe horseἵππος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φράσσατοἀριπρεπέαpreeminentἀριπρεπής · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππονπροὔχονταleadingπροέχω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies ἵππον - 454
chestnut over all the rest, but on its forehead
Metre
ὃςτὸμὲνἄλλοτόσον‖φοῖνιξἦνἐνδὲμετώπῳ
ὃςwhichὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἦντὸthe restὁ · articlemodifies ἄλλομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄλλοthe restἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἦντόσονso muchτόσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἄλλοφοῖνιξchestnutφοῖνιξ · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounἦνwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δὲἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμετώπῳhis foreheadμέτωπον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐν - 455
was a round white mark, like the moon.
Metre
λευκὸνσῆματέτυκτο‖περίτροχονἠΰτεμήνη
λευκὸνwhiteλευκός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σῆμασῆμαmarkσῆμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of τέτυκτοτέτυκτοhad been formedτεύχω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δὲπερίτροχονroundπερίτροχος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σῆμαἠΰτεlikeἠύτε · particleadverbialμήνηmoonμήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject - 456
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςuprightὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 457
Friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,
Metre
ὦφίλοιἈργείων‖ἡγήτορεςἠδὲμέδοντες
ὦoὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleφίλοιfriendsφίλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἠδὲἈργείωνof the ArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἠδὲἡγήτορεςleadersἡγήτωρ · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμέδοντεςrulersμέδων · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 458
Am I alone making out the horses, or do you see them too?
Metre
οἶοςἐγὼνἵππους‖αὐγάζομαιἦεκαὶὑμεῖς
οἶοςaloneοἶος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐγὼνI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of αὐγάζομαιἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of αὐγάζομαιαὐγάζομαιmake outαὐγάζω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἦεorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleὑμεῖςyou tooσύ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject - 459
They seem to me to be different horses in front,
Metre
ἄλλοιμοιδοκέουσι‖παροίτεροιἔμμεναιἵπποι
ἄλλοιdifferentἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δοκέουσιδοκέουσιthey seemδοκέω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπαροίτεροιin frontπαροίτερος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of δοκέουσιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δοκέουσι - 460
and another driver appears; the mares must somewhere
ἄλλοςanotherἄλλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἡνίοχοςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡνίοχοςdriverἡνίοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἰνδάλλεταιἰνδάλλεταιappearsἰνδάλλομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἳtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of ἔβλαβενδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπουsomewhereπού · adverbsentence particleαὐτοῦthereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἔβλαβεν - 461
have come to grief on the plain, though they were stronger on the way out.
Metre
ἔβλαβενἐνπεδίῳ‖αἳκεῖσέγεφέρτεραιἦσαν
ἔβλαβενcame to griefβλάπτω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionπεδίῳon the plainπεδίον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐναἳtheyὅς · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of ἦσανκεῖσέthereκεῖσε · adverbadverbial to ἦσανγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleφέρτεραιstrongerφέρτατος · nominative plural feminine adjectivepredicate nounἦσανthey wereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing αἳ - 462
For I saw them first as they rounded the turning post,
Metre
ἤτοιγὰρτὰςπρῶτα‖ἴδονπερὶτέρμαβαλούσας
ἤτοιfor my partἤτοι · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleτὰςthemὁ · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ἴδονπρῶταfirstπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to βαλούσαςἴδονI sawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionτέρμαthe turning postτέρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of περὶβαλούσαςroundingβάλλω · aorist active participle, accusative plural femininecircumstantial complement - 463
but now I cannot see them anywhere, though my two eyes
Metre
νῦνοὔπῃδύναμαι‖ἰδέεινπάντῃδέμοιὄσσε
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to δύναμαιδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπῃanywhereπη · particleadverbial to ἰδέεινδύναμαιI canδύναμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἰδέεινto seeεἶδον · aorist active infinitiveobject of δύναμαιπάντῃeverywhereπάντῃ · adverbadverbial to παπταίνετονδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμοιmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὄσσεὄσσεtwo eyesὄσσε · nominative dual neuter nounsubject of παπταίνετον - 464
range over all the Trojan plain as I look.
Metre
Τρωϊκὸνἂμπεδίον‖παπταίνετονεἰσορόωντι
ΤρωϊκὸνTrojanΤρωικός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πεδίονἂμthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionπεδίονover the plainπεδίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἂμπαπταίνετονthey scanπαπταίνω · present active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbεἰσορόωντιas I lookεἰσοράω · present active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 465
Perhaps the reins escaped the driver, and he could not
Metre
ἦετὸνἡνίοχον‖φύγονἡνίαοὐδὲδυνάσθη
ἦεperhapsἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτὸνtheὁ · accusative singular masculine articlemodifies ἡνίοχονἡνίοχονdriverἡνίοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φύγονφύγονescapedφεύγω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἡνίαthe reinsἡνία · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of φύγονδυνάσθηwas ableδύναμαι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 466
hold them well around the post and failed in making the turn.
Metre
εὖσχεθέεινπερὶτέρμα‖καὶοὐκἐτύχησενἑλίξας
εὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to σχεθέεινσχεθέεινto holdἔχω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δυνάσθηπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionτέρμαthe turning postτέρμα · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐτύχησενsucceededτυγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑλίξαςin turningἑλίσσω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐτύχησεν - 467
I think he was thrown out there and his chariot smashed,
Metre
ἔνθάμινἐκπεσέειν‖ὀΐωσύνἅρματαἆξαι
ἔνθάthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to θ̓μινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of θ̓ἐκπεσέεινto fall outἐκπίπτω · aorist active infinitiveobject of θ̓ὀΐωI thinkοἴομαι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbσύνwithσύν · prepositionemphasizing particleθandτε · particlecoordinating wordἅρματαchariotἅρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἆξαιἆξαιto break apartἄγνυμι · aorist active infinitiveobject of θ̓ - 468
while the mares bolted when fury seized their hearts.
Metre
αἳἐξηρώησαν‖ἐπεὶμένοςἔλλαβεθυμόν
αἳtheyὁ · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of ἐξηρώησανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐξηρώησανboltedἐξερωέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἔλλαβεμένοςthe furyμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔλλαβεἔλλαβεseizedλαμβάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐξηρώησανθυμόνtheir heartsθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔλλαβε - 469
Come, stand up and look yourselves, for I
Metre
ἀλλὰἴδεσθεκαὶὔμμες‖ἀνασταδόνοὐγὰρἔγωγε
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἴδεσθεlookεἶδον · aorist middle imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleὔμμεςyou yourselvesσύ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἴδεσθεἀνασταδόνstanding upἀνασταδόν · adverbadverbial to ἴδεσθεοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of διαγιγνώσκω - 470
cannot make him out well; yet the man seems to me
Metre
εὖδιαγιγνώσκω‖δοκέειδέμοιἔμμεναιἀνὴρ
εὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to διαγιγνώσκωδιαγιγνώσκωdistinguishδιαγιγνώσκω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbδοκέειseemsδοκέω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlesentence particleμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δοκέειἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of δοκέειἀνὴρa manἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δοκέει - 471
Aetolian by birth, and he rules among the Argives—
Metre
Αἰτωλὸςγενεήν‖μετὰἈργείοισινἀνάσσει
ΑἰτωλὸςAetolianΑἰτωλός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounγενεήνby birthγενεά · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔμμεναιμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰἀνάσσειrulesἀνάσσω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 472
mighty Diomedes, son of horse-taming Tydeus."
Metre
Τυδέοςἱπποδάμου‖υἱὸςκρατερὸςΔιομήδης
Τυδέοςof TydeusΤυδεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςἱπποδάμουhorse-tamingἱππόδαμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τυδέοςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Διομήδηςκρατερὸςmightyκρατερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΔιομήδηςΔιομήδηςDiomedesΔιομήδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνάσσει - 473
Then swift Ajax, son of Oileus, rebuked him shamefully:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐνένιπενδandδέ · particlesentence particleαἰσχρῶςshamefullyαἰσχρός · adverbadverbial to ἐνένιπενἐνένιπενrebukedἐνίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὈϊλῆοςson of OileusὈιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴαςταχὺςswiftταχύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐνένιπεν - 474
"Idomeneus, why do you babble before there is need? Far off
Metre
Ἰδομενεῦτίπάρος‖λαβρεύεαιαἳδέἄνευθεν
ἸδομενεῦIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headτίwhyτίς · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to λαβρεύεαιπάροςtoo soonπάρος · adverbadverbial to λαβρεύεαιλαβρεύεαιbabbleλαβρεύομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbαἳtheὁ · nominative plural feminine articlemodifies ἵπποιδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἄνευθενfar awayἄνευθε · adverbadverbial to δίενται - 475
the high-stepping horses still race over the broad plain.
Metre
ἵπποιἀερσίποδες‖πολέοςπεδίοιοδίενται
ἵπποιthe horsesἵππος · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of δίενταιἀερσίποδεςhigh-steppingἀερσίπους · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιπολέοςbroadπολύς · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies πεδίοιοπεδίοιοover the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of δίενταιδίενταιraceδίεμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 476
You are not so much the youngest among the Argives,
Metre
οὔτενεώτατόςἐσσι‖μετἈργείοισιτοσοῦτον
νεώτατόςyoungestνεώτατος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐσσιyou areεἰμί · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμετamongμετά · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισιamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετ̓τοσοῦτονso muchτοσοῦτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐσσι - 477
nor does the sharpest eye look out from your head;
Metre
οὔτέτοιὀξύτατον‖κεφαλῆςἐκδέρκεταιὄσσε
οὔτέnorοὔτε · adverbcoordinating wordτοιyourσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐκδέρκεταιὀξύτατονsharpestὀξύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐκδέρκεταικεφαλῆςfrom your headκεφαλή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκδέρκεταιἐκδέρκεταιlooks outἐκδέρκομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄσσεthe two eyesὄσσε · nominative dual neuter nounsubject of ἐκδέρκεται - 478
yet you are always babbling in speeches, though you have no need
Metre
ἀλλαἰεὶμύθοις‖λαβρεύεαιοὐδέτίσεχρὴ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleαἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to λαβρεύεαιμύθοιςin speechμῦθος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to λαβρεύεαιλαβρεύεαιbabbleλαβρεύομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbτίanythingτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to χρὴσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔμεναιχρὴthere is needχρή · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 479
to be a loud talker, for better men are here.
Metre
λαβραγόρηνἔμεναι‖πάραγὰρκαὶἀμείνονεςἄλλοι
λαβραγόρηνloud talkerλαβραγόρης · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἔμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitivesubject of χρὴπάραare hereπάρειμι · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἀμείνονεςbetterἀμείνων · nominative plural masculine comparative adjectivemodifies ἄλλοιἄλλοιothersἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of πάρα - 480
The same mares are in front that were before,
Metre
ἵπποιαὐταὶἔασι‖παροίτεραιαἳτὸπάροςπερ
ἵπποιmaresἵππος · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔασιδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὐταὶthe sameαὐτός · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἔασιareεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπαροίτεραιin frontπαροίτερος · nominative plural feminine adjectivepredicate nounαἳwhichὅς · nominative plural feminine pronounsubjectτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πάροςπάροςbeforeπάρος · adverbadverbialπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 481
Eumelus' mares, and he himself stands within holding the reins."
ΕὐμήλουEumelus'Εὔμηλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἵπποιἐνwithinἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτὸςhe himselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔχωνholdingἔχω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βέβηκεεὔληραreinsεὔληρα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔχωνβέβηκεstandsβαίνω · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 482
Angered, the leader of the Cretans spoke against him:
Metre
τὸνδὲχολωσάμενος‖Κρητῶνἀγὸςἀντίονηὔδα
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleχολωσάμενοςangeredχολόω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ηὔδαΚρητῶνof the CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ηὔδαἀντίονagainst himἀντίος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαspokeαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 483
"Ajax, best at abuse, wrong-headed, in everything else
Metre
Αἶαννεῖκοςἄριστε‖κακοφραδὲςἄλλάτεπάντα
ΑἶανAjaxΑἴας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headνεῖκοςat abuseνεῖκος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἄριστεἄριστεbestἄριστος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἶανκακοφραδὲςwrong-headedκακοφραδής · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἶανἄλλάelseἄλλος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to δεύεαιτεandτε · particlesentence particleπάνταin everythingπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄλλά - 484
you fall short of the Argives, because your mind is harsh.
Metre
δεύεαιἈργείων‖ὅτιτοινόοςἐστὶνἀπηνής
δεύεαιfall shortδεύω · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἈργείωνof the ArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of δεύεαιὅτιbecauseὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτοιyourσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies νόοςνόοςmindνόος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστὶνἐστὶνisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὅτιἀπηνήςharshἀπηνής · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 485
Come now, let the two of us wager a tripod or a cauldron,
Metre
δεῦρόνυνἢτρίποδος‖περιδώμεθονἠὲλέβητος
δεῦρόcomeδεῦρο · adverbsentence particleνυνnowνῦν · adverbsentence particleἢorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτρίποδοςa tripodτρίπους · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἠὲπεριδώμεθονlet us wagerπεριδίδομαι · aorist active subjunctive, 1st dual verbmain verbἠὲorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordλέβητοςa cauldronλέβης · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἠὲ - 486
and let us both appoint Agamemnon, son of Atreus, as judge
Metre
ἴστοραἈτρεΐδην‖Ἀγαμέμνοναθείομενἄμφω
ἴστοραarbiterἵστωρ · accusative singular masculine nouncomplement of θείομενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈτρεΐδηνson of AtreusἈτρείδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈγαμέμνοναἈγαμέμνοναAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θείομενθείομενsetτίθημι · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbἄμφωbothἄμφω · nominative dual masculine adjectivesubject of θείομεν - 487
of which mares are in front, so you may learn by paying."
Metre
ὁππότεραιπρόσθἵπποι‖ἵναγνώῃςἀποτίνων
ὁππότεραιwhichὁπότερος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιπρόσθin frontπρόσθεν · adverbadverbialἵπποιmaresἵππος · nominative plural feminine nounsubjectἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγνώῃςyou may learnγιγνώσκω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ἵναἀποτίνωνby payingἀποτίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to γνώῃς - 488
So he spoke, and swift Ajax, son of Oileus, sprang up at once,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὄρνυτοαὐτίκ‖ὈϊλῆοςταχὺςΑἴας
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄρνυτοsprangὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτίκat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to ὄρνυτοὈϊλῆοςson of OileusὈιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴαςταχὺςswiftταχύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄρνυτο - 489
angry, to answer him with harsh words.
Metre
χωόμενοςχαλεποῖσιν‖ἀμείψασθαιἐπέεσσι
χωόμενοςbeing angryχώομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄρνυτοχαλεποῖσινwith harshχαλεπός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἐπέεσσιἀμείψασθαιto answerἀμείβω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to ὄρνυτοἐπέεσσιwith wordsἔπος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἀμείψασθαι - 490
And now the quarrel between the two would have gone still further,
Metre
καίνύκεδὴπροτέρω‖ἔτἔριςγένετἀμφοτέροισιν
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύnowνῦν · adverbsentence particleκεwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleπροτέρωfurtherπροτέρω · adverbadverbial to γένετ̓ἔτstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleἔριςquarrelἔρις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of γένετ̓γένετwould have arisenγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀμφοτέροισινbetween them bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to γένετ̓ - 491
had not Achilles himself risen and spoken a word:
Metre
εἰμὴἈχιλλεὺςαὐτὸς‖ἀνίστατοκαὶφάτομῦθον
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνίστατοroseἀνίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordφάτοspokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φάτο - 492
"No longer answer one another with harsh words,
μηκέτιno longerμηκέτι · adverbadverbial to ἀμείβεσθοννῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἀμείβεσθονχαλεποῖσινwith harshχαλεπός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἐπέεσσινἀμείβεσθονanswer each otherἀμείβω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbἐπέεσσινwith wordsἔπος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἀμείβεσθον - 493
Ajax and Idomeneus, with insults; it is not fitting.
Metre
ΑἶανἸδομενεῦ‖τεκακοῖςἐπεὶοὐδὲἔοικε
ΑἶανAjaxΑἴας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἸδομενεῦIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordκακοῖςyou harmκακόω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἐπέεσσινἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἔοικεis fittingἔοικα · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶ - 494
You yourselves would resent another man who acted so.
Metre
καὶἄλλῳνεμεσᾶτον‖ὅτιςτοιαῦτάγεῥέζοι
καὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄλλῳanother manἄλλος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of νεμεσᾶτοννεμεσᾶτονyou resentνεμεσάω · present active indicative, 2nd dual verbmain verbὅτιςwhoeverὅστις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ῥέζοιτοιαῦτάsuch thingsτοιοῦτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ῥέζοιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleῥέζοιmight actῥέζω · present active optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἄλλῳ - 495
Instead, sit in the assembly and watch
Metre
ἀλλὑμεῖςἐνἀγῶνι‖καθήμενοιεἰσοράασθε
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὑμεῖςyouσύ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of εἰσοράασθεἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιthe gatheringἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνκαθήμενοιsittingκάθημαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to εἰσοράασθεεἰσοράασθεwatchεἰσοράω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verb - 496
the horses; soon they will come here themselves, pressing for victory.
Metre
ἵππουςοἳδὲτάχαὐτοὶ‖ἐπειγόμενοιπερὶνίκης
ἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of εἰσοράασθεοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐλεύσονταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτάχsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to ἐλεύσονταιαὐτοὶthemselvesαὐτός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐπειγόμενοιpressingἐπείγω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐλεύσονταιπερὶforπερί · prepositionprepositionνίκηςvictoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of περὶ - 497
Then each of you will know
Metre
ἐνθάδἐλεύσονται‖τότεδὲγνώσεσθεἕκαστος
ἐνθάδhereἐνθάδε · adverbobject of ἐλεύσονταιἐλεύσονταιthey will comeἔρχομαι · future middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to γνώσεσθεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordγνώσεσθεyou will knowγιγνώσκω · future middle indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbἕκαστοςeachἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 498
which Argive horses are second and which are first."
Metre
ἵππουςἈργείων‖οἳδεύτεροιοἵτεπάροιθεν
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of γνώσεσθεἈργείωνArgiveἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἵππουςοἳwhichὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubjectδεύτεροιsecondδεύτερος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounοἵwhichὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubjectτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordπάροιθενin frontπάροιθε · adverbadverbial - 499
So he spoke, and the son of Tydeus came very near in pursuit,
Metre
ὣςφάτοΤυδεΐδης‖δὲμάλασχεδὸνἦλθεδιώκων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΤυδεΐδηςthe son of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦλθεδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleσχεδὸνnearσχεδόν · adverbobject of ἦλθεἦλθεhe cameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδιώκωνin pursuitδιώκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθε - 500
always driving the whip down from his shoulder; his horses
Metre
μάστιαἰὲνἔλαυνε‖κατωμαδόνοἳδέοἱἵπποι
μάστιwith the whipμάστις · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔλαυνεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἰὲνalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἔλαυνεἔλαυνεhe droveἐλαύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκατωμαδόνfrom his shoulderκατωμαδόν · adverbadverbial to ἔλαυνεοἳtheὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἵπποιδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀειρέσθην - 501
reared high as the pair sped swiftly on their way.
Metre
ὑψόσἀειρέσθην‖ῥίμφαπρήσσοντεκέλευθον
ὑψόσhighὑψόσε · adverbobject of ἀειρέσθηνἀειρέσθηνroseἀείρω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbῥίμφαswiftlyῥίμφα · adverbadverbial to πρήσσοντεπρήσσοντεmaking their wayπράσσω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἀειρέσθηνκέλευθονthe wayκέλευθος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of πρήσσοντε - 502
All the while splashes of dust struck the driver,
Metre
αἰεὶἡνίοχον‖κονίηςῥαθάμιγγεςἔβαλλον
αἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἔβαλλονδandδέ · particlesentence particleἡνίοχονthe driverἡνίοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔβαλλονκονίηςof dustκονία · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ῥαθάμιγγεςῥαθάμιγγεςsplashesῥαθάμιγξ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔβαλλονἔβαλλονstruckβάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 503
and the chariot, overlaid with gold and tin,
ἅρματαthe chariotἅρμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἐπέτρεχονδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχρυσῷwith goldχρυσός · dative singular masculine nounobject of τεπεπυκασμέναcoveredπυκάζω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural neutermodifies ἅρματακασσιτέρῳwith tinκασσίτερος · dative singular masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 504
ran close behind the swift-footed horses; scarcely any
Metre
ἵπποιςὠκυπόδεσσιν‖ἐπέτρεχονοὐδέτιπολλὴ
ἵπποιςbehind the horsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐπέτρεχονὠκυπόδεσσινswift-footedὠκύπους · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιςἐπέτρεχονran close behindἐπιτρέχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτιanyτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to γίγνετ̓πολλὴmuchπολύς · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἁρματροχιὴ - 505
track of the wheel rims arose behind them
Metre
γίγνετἐπισσώτρων‖ἁρματροχιὴκατόπισθεν
γίγνετaroseγίγνομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπισσώτρωνof wheel rimsἐπίσωτρον · genitive plural neuter nounmodifies ἁρματροχιὴἁρματροχιὴwheel-rim trackἁρματοτροχιά · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of γίγνετ̓κατόπισθενbehindκατόπισθεν · adverbadverbial to γίγνετ̓ - 506
in the fine dust, so fast the two flew onward.
Metre
ἐνλεπτῇκονίῃ‖τὼδὲσπεύδοντεπετέσθην
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionλεπτῇfineλεπτός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κονίῃκονίῃin the dustκονία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐντὼthe twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of πετέσθηνδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσπεύδοντεhurryingσπεύδω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to πετέσθηνπετέσθηνflew onwardπέτομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verb - 507
He stopped in the midst of the gathering, and sweat poured thick
Metre
στῆδὲμέσῳἐνἀγῶνι‖πολὺςἀνεκήκιενἱδρὼς
στῆhe stoppedἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμέσῳin the middleμέσος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγῶνιἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιthe gatheringἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνπολὺςabundantπολύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἱδρὼςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀνεκήκιενwelled upἀνακηκίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱδρὼςsweatἱδρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνεκήκιεν - 508
from the horses' manes and chests down to the ground.
Metre
ἵππωνἔκτελόφων‖καὶἀπὸστέρνοιοχαμᾶζε
ἵππωνthe horses'ἵππος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies καὶἔκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionτεandτε · particlesentence particleλόφωνmanesλόφος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἔκκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionστέρνοιοthe chestστέρνον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἀπὸχαμᾶζεto the groundχαμᾶζε · adverbobject of ἀνεκήκιεν - 509
Diomedes himself leapt down from the shining chariot,
αὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionδίφροιοthe chariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκχαμαὶto the groundχαμαί · adverbobject of θόρεθόρεleaptθρῴσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαμφανόωντοςall-shiningπαμφανόων · present active participle, genitive singular masculinemodifies δίφροιο - 510
and leaned his whip against the yoke. Nor did
Metre
κλῖνεἄραμάστιγα‖ποτὶζυγόνοὐδὲμάτησεν
κλῖνεleanedκλίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleμάστιγαthe whipμάστιξ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κλῖνεποτὶagainstπρός · prepositionprepositionζυγόνthe yokeζυγόν · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ποτὶμάτησενdelayedματάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 511
mighty Sthenelus delay, but briskly took the prize
ἴφθιμοςmightyἴφθιμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΣθένελοςΣθένελοςSthenelusΣθένελος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μάτησενἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐσσυμένωςeagerlyἐσσύμενος · adverbadverbial to λάβ̓λάβtookλαμβάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of λάβ̓ - 512
and gave the woman to his high-hearted comrades to lead away,
Metre
δῶκεἄγεινἑτάροισιν‖ὑπερθύμοισιγυναῖκα
δῶκεgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄγεινto lead awayἄγω · present active infinitivemodifies γυναῖκαἑτάροισινto his companionsἑταῖρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of δῶκεὑπερθύμοισιhigh-heartedὑπέρθυμος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροισινγυναῖκαthe womanγυνή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶ - 513
and the handled tripod to carry; while he unyoked the horses.
Metre
καὶτρίποδὠτώεντα‖φέρεινὃἔλυενὑφἵππους
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτρίποδtripodτρίπους · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶὠτώενταhandledὠτώεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδ̓φέρεινto carryφέρω · present active infinitivemodifies τρίποδ̓ὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔλυενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔλυενunyokedλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὑφfrom underὑπό · prepositionemphasizing particleἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔλυεν - 514
Next Antilochus, the son of Neleus, drove his horses in
Metre
τῷἄρἐπἈντίλοχος‖Νηλήϊοςἤλασενἵππους
τῷafter himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐπ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπafterἐπί · prepositionprepositionἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤλασενΝηλήϊοςson of NeleusΝηλεύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀντίλοχοςἤλασενdroveἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἤλασεν - 515
after passing Menelaus by cunning, not by speed;
Metre
κέρδεσινοὔτιτάχει‖γεπαραφθάμενοςΜενέλαον
κέρδεσινby cunningκέρδος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ,οὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to τάχειτάχειby speedτάχος · dative singular neuter nounobject of ,γεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπαραφθάμενοςhaving outstrippedπαραφθάνω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤλασενΜενέλαονMenelausΜενέλαος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of παραφθάμενος - 516
yet even so Menelaus held his swift horses close behind.
Metre
ἀλλὰκαὶὧςΜενέλαος‖ἔχἐγγύθενὠκέαςἵππους
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleὧςeven soὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔχ̓ΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχ̓ἔχheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐγγύθενclose behindἐγγύθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔχ̓ὠκέαςswiftὠκύς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhis horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔχ̓ - 517
As far as a horse stands from the wheel when he
Metre
ὅσσονδὲτροχοῦἵππος‖ἀφίσταταιὅςῥαἄνακτα
ὅσσονonly as farὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀφίσταταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτροχοῦfrom the wheelτροχός · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀφίσταταιἵπποςa horseἵππος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀφίσταταιἀφίσταταιstands awayἀφίστημι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbialὅςwhichὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἕλκῃσινῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἄνακταthe lordἄναξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἕλκῃσιν - 518
draws his master over the plain, straining with the chariot:
Metre
ἕλκῃσινπεδίοιο‖τιταινόμενοςσὺνὄχεσφι
ἕλκῃσινdrawsἕλκω · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἵπποςπεδίοιοover the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἕλκῃσιντιταινόμενοςstrainingτιταίνω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλκῃσινσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionὄχεσφιthe chariotὄχος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺν - 519
the tips of the horse's tail hairs brush the wheel rim
Metre
τοῦμέντεψαύουσιν‖ἐπισσώτρουτρίχεςἄκραι
τοῦitsὁ · genitive singular neuter pronounmodifies ἐπισσώτρουμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleψαύουσινbrushψαύω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπισσώτρουthe wheel rimἐπίσωτρον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ψαύουσιντρίχεςhairsθρίξ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ψαύουσινἄκραιat the tipsἄκρος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies τρίχες - 520
as he runs very close, with scarcely any
Metre
οὐραῖαιὃδέἄγχι‖μάλατρέχειοὐδέτιπολλὴ
οὐραῖαιtailοὐραῖος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies τρίχεςὃheὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of τρέχειδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἄγχιcloseἄγχι · adverbadverbial to τρέχειμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleτρέχειrunsτρέχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτιanyτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbialπολλὴmuchπολύς · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies χώρη - 521
space between while he races over the broad plain —
Metre
χώρημεσσηγὺς‖πολέοςπεδίοιοθέοντος
χώρηspaceχώρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectμεσσηγὺςbetweenμεσηγύ · adverbadverbialπολέοςbroadπολύς · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies πεδίοιοπεδίοιοover the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of θέοντοςθέοντοςas it runsθέω · present active participle, genitive singular masculineadverbial - 522
by just so much Menelaus trailed blameless Antilochus.
Metre
τόσσονδὴΜενέλαος‖ἀμύμονοςἈντιλόχοιο
τόσσονso muchτόσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to λείπετ̓δὴsoδή · particleemphasizing particleΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λείπετ̓ἀμύμονοςblamelessἀμύμων · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈντιλόχοιοἈντιλόχοιοAntilochusἈντίλοχος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of λείπετ̓ - 523
At first he had fallen behind by a discus throw,
Metre
λείπετἀτὰρτὰπρῶτα‖καὶἐςδίσκουραλέλειπτο
λείπετtrailedλείπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleτὰatὁ · accusative plural neuter articlemodifies πρῶταπρῶταfirstπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to λέλειπτοκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐςatεἰς · prepositionprepositionδίσκουραa discus throwδίσκουρα · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐςλέλειπτοhad fallen behindλείπω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 524
but swiftly he caught him, for the good strength kept swelling
Metre
ἀλλάμιναἶψακίχανεν‖ὀφέλλετογὰρμένοςἠῢ
ἀλλάbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of κίχανεναἶψαswiftlyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to κίχανενκίχανενcaught himκιχάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὀφέλλετοkept swellingὀφέλλω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleμένοςstrengthμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὀφέλλετοἠῢgoodἐύς · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένος - 525
in Agamemnon's lovely-maned mare, Aethe.
Metre
ἵππουτῆςἈγαμεμνονέης‖καλλίτριχοςΑἴθης
ἵππουmareἵππος · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies Αἴθηςτῆςtheὁ · genitive singular feminine articlemodifies ἈγαμεμνονέηςἈγαμεμνονέηςAgamemnon'sἈγαμεμνόνεος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἵππουκαλλίτριχοςlovely-manedκαλλίθριξ · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ΑἴθηςΑἴθηςAetheΑἴθη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies μένος - 526
Had the course been stretched still farther for both men,
Metre
εἰδέἔτιπροτέρω‖γένετοδρόμοςἀμφοτέροισι
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδέandδέ · particlesentence particleκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἔτιstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleπροτέρωfartherπροτέρω · adverbadverbial to γένετογένετοhad continuedγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰδρόμοςcourseδρόμος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γένετοἀμφοτέροισιfor bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to γένετο - 527
he would have passed him and left no room for dispute.
Metre
τώκένμινπαρέλασσ‖οὐδἀμφήριστονἔθηκεν
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleκένwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of παρέλασσ̓παρέλασσwould have passedπαρελαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀμφήριστονdisputedἀμφήριστος · accusative singular neuter adjectivecomplement of ἔθηκενἔθηκενwould have leftτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 528
But Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus,
Metre
αὐτὰρΜηριόνης‖θεράπωνἐῢςἸδομενῆος
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λείπετ̓θεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηριόνηςἐῢςgoodἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θεράπωνἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπων - 529
fell a spear's cast behind glorious Menelaus,
Metre
λείπετἀγακλῆος‖Μενελάουδουρὸςἐρωήν
λείπετtrailedλείπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀγακλῆοςgloriousἀγακλεής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενελάουΜενελάουMenelausΜενέλαος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of λείπετ̓δουρὸςa spear'sδόρυ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies ἐρωήνἐρωήνthrowἐρωή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to λείπετ̓ - 530
for his lovely-maned horses were the slowest,
Metre
βάρδιστοιμὲνγάρ‖οἱἔσανκαλλίτριχεςἵπποι
βάρδιστοιslowestβάρδιστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵπποιἔσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαλλίτριχεςlovely-manedκαλλίθριξ · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιthe horsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔσαν - 531
and he himself was the least skilled at driving a chariot in a race.
ἤκιστοςleast skilledἤκιστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἦνhe wasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτὸςhe himselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐλαυνέμενto driveἐλαύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἦνἅρμthe chariotἅρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐλαυνέμενἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιa raceἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐν - 532
Last of all the others came the son of Admetus,
υἱὸςthe sonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤλυθενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈδμήτοιοof AdmetusἌδμητος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςπανύστατοςlast of allπανύστατος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἤλυθενcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄλλωνof all othersἄλλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies πανύστατος - 533
dragging his fine chariot and driving his horses on ahead.
Metre
ἕλκωνἅρματακαλὰ‖ἐλαύνωνπρόσσοθενἵππους
ἕλκωνdraggingἕλκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤλυθενἅρματαchariotἅρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἕλκωνκαλὰfineκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἅρματαἐλαύνωνdrivingἐλαύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤλυθενπρόσσοθενaheadπρόσωθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐλαύνωνἵππουςhis horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐλαύνων - 534
Seeing him, swift-footed godlike Achilles took pity,
Metre
τὸνδὲἰδὼνᾤκτειρε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἰδὼνδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleἰδὼνseeingεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ᾤκτειρεᾤκτειρεpitiedοἰκτείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ᾤκτειρε - 535
and standing among the Argives he spoke winged words:
Metre
στὰςἄρἐνἈργείοις‖ἔπεαπτερόεντἀγόρευε
στὰςhaving stoodἵστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀγόρευεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοιςamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔπεαwordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀγόρευεπτερόεντwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαἀγόρευεhe spokeἀγορεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 536
"The best man is driving his single-hoofed horses in last.
Metre
λοῖσθοςἀνὴρὤριστος‖ἐλαύνειμώνυχαςἵππους
λοῖσθοςlastλοῖσθος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνὴρthe manἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐλαύνειὤριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἐλαύνειdrivesἐλαύνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμώνυχαςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςἵππουςthe horsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐλαύνει - 537
Come then, let us give him a prize, as is fitting,
Metre
ἀλλἄγεδήοἱδῶμεν‖ἀέθλιονὡςἐπιεικὲς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἄγεcome thenἄγε · adverbsentence particleδήthen indeedδή · particleemphasizing particleοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δῶμενδῶμενlet us giveδίδωμι · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbἀέθλιονprizeἀέθλιον · accusative singular neuter nounobjectὡςasὡς · adverbadverbialἐπιεικὲςfittingἐπιεικής · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate noun - 538
the second; but let the son of Tydeus carry off the first."
Metre
δεύτερἀτὰρτὰπρῶτα‖φερέσθωΤυδέοςυἱός
δεύτερsecondδεύτερος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobjectἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleτὰtheὁ · accusative plural neuter articlemodifies πρῶταπρῶταfirst prizeπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of φερέσθωφερέσθωlet him carry offφέρω · present medio-passive imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΤυδέοςof TydeusΤυδεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱόςυἱόςthe sonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of φερέσθω - 539
So he spoke, and they all approved as he had urged.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄραπάντες‖ἐπῄνεονὡςἐκέλευε
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπῄνεονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἐπῄνεονapprovedἐπαινέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὡςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἐκέλευεἐκέλευεhe urged themκελεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπῄνεον - 540
And now he would have given him the mare, for the Achaeans had approved,
Metre
καίνύκέοἱπόρενἵππον‖ἐπῄνησανγὰρἈχαιοί
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύnowνῦν · adverbsentence particleκέwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of πόρενπόρενwould have givenπόρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππονthe mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of πόρενἐπῄνησανapprovedἐπαινέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to γὰργὰρforγάρ · particlesubordinating conjunctionἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐπῄνησαν - 541
had Antilochus, son of great-hearted Nestor, not
Metre
εἰμὴἄρἈντίλοχος‖μεγαθύμουΝέστοροςυἱὸς
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠμείψατ̓μεγαθύμουgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΝέστοροςΝέστοροςof NestorΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀντίλοχος - 542
risen and answered Peleus' son Achilles to assert his right:
Metre
ΠηλεΐδηνἈχιλῆα‖δίκῃἠμείψατἀναστάς
ΠηλεΐδηνPeleus' sonΠηλείδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈχιλῆαἈχιλῆαAchillesἈχιλλεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἠμείψατ̓δίκῃrightδίκη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἠμείψατ̓ἠμείψατansweredἀμείβω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰἀναστάςhaving risenἀνίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἠμείψατ̓ - 543
"Achilles, I shall be deeply angered with you if you carry out
Metre
ὦἈχιλεῦμάλατοι‖κεχολώσομαιαἴκετελέσσῃς
ὦoὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleἈχιλεῦAchillesἈχιλλεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headμάλαdeeplyμάλα · adverbadverbial to κεχολώσομαιτοιwith youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of κεχολώσομαικεχολώσομαιI shall be angeredχολόω · future perfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbαἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκεshouldἄν · particlesentence particleτελέσσῃςyou carry outτελέω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to αἴ - 544
this word, for you mean to take away my prize,
Metre
τοῦτοἔποςμέλλεις‖γὰρἀφαιρήσεσθαιἄεθλον
τοῦτοthisοὗτος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔποςἔποςwordἔπος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τελέσσῃςμέλλειςyou meanμέλλω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἀφαιρήσεσθαιto take awayἀφαιρέω · future middle infinitiveobject of μέλλειςἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀφαιρήσεσθαι - 545
thinking of how his chariot and swift horses were harmed,
Metre
τὰφρονέωνὅτιοἱ‖βλάβενἅρματακαὶταχέἵππω
τὰthese thingsὁ · accusative plural neuter pronounobjectφρονέωνthinkingφρονέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μέλλειςὅτιhowὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to βλάβενβλάβενwere harmedβλάπτω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbobject of τ̓ἅρματαchariotἅρμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordταχέswiftταχύς · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππωἵππωhis horsesἵππος · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 546
though he himself is a good man. But he ought to have prayed to the immortals;
αὐτόςhe himselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementτandτε · particlecoordinating wordἐσθλὸςa good manἐσθλός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐώνthough he isεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbialἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὤφελενought to haveὀφείλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀθανάτοισινto the immortalsἀθάνατος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of εὔχεσθαι - 547
then he would not have come pursuing in the very last place.
Metre
εὔχεσθαιτόκενοὔ‖τιπανύστατοςἦλθεδιώκων
εὔχεσθαιto prayεὔχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ὤφελεντόthenὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἦλθεκενwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἦλθεπανύστατοςlast of allπανύστατος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἦλθεwould have comeἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδιώκωνpursuingδιώκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθε - 548
If you pity him and he has been dear to your heart,
Metre
εἰδέμινοἰκτίρεις‖καίτοιφίλοςἔπλετοθυμῷ
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδέandδέ · particlesentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of οἰκτίρειςοἰκτίρειςyou pityοἰκτείρω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to καίκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔπλετοφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἔπλετοhe wasπέλω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καίθυμῷin your heartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἔπλετο - 549
you have abundant gold in your hut, and bronze as well,
Metre
ἔστίτοιἐνκλισίῃ‖χρυσὸςπολύςἔστιδὲχαλκὸς
ἔστίthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοιfor youτοι · particleadverbial to ἔστίἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃyour hutκλισία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνχρυσὸςgoldχρυσός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔστίπολύςabundantπολύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρυσὸςἔστιthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleχαλκὸςbronzeχαλκός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 550
and flocks; you have bondwomen and single-hoofed horses.
Metre
καὶπρόβατεἰσὶδέτοι‖δμῳαὶκαὶμώνυχεςἵπποι
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπρόβατflocksπρόβατον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καὶεἰσὶthere areεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to εἰσὶδμῳαὶbondwomenδμωή · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμώνυχεςsingle-hoofedμῶνυξ · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 551
Take something from these and give him an even greater prize
Metre
τῶνοἱἔπειτἀνελὼν‖δόμεναικαὶμεῖζονἄεθλον
τῶνfrom theseὁ · genitive plural neuter pronounobject of ἀνελὼνοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δόμεναιἔπειτthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to δόμεναιἀνελὼνhaving takenἀναιρέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δόμεναιδόμεναιto giveδίδωμι · aorist active infinitivemain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleμεῖζονgreaterμέγας · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectivemodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δόμεναι - 552
at once, here and now, so that the Achaeans may praise you.
Metre
ἠὲκαὶαὐτίκανῦν‖ἵνααἰνήσωσινἈχαιοί
ἠὲorἠέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleαὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbialνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbialἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionσyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of αἰνήσωσιναἰνήσωσινpraiseαἰνέω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἵναἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of αἰνήσωσιν - 553
But I will not give up the mare; let any man make trial over her
Metre
τὴνἐγὼοὐδώσω‖περὶαὐτῆςπειρηθήτω
τὴνthe mareὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of δώσωδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐγὼI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δώσωοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleδώσωI will giveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbπερὶoverπερί · prepositionprepositionδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτῆςherαὐτός · genitive singular feminine adjectiveobject of περὶπειρηθήτωlet him make trialπειράω · aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 554
who is willing to fight me hand to hand."
ἀνδρῶνamong the menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ὅςὅςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐθέλῃσινκshouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐθέλῃσινhe is willingἐθέλω · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of πειρηθήτωἐμοὶagainst meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of μάχεσθαιχείρεσσιwith his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μάχεσθαιμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἐθέλῃσιν - 555
So he spoke, and swift-footed godlike Achilles smiled,
Metre
ὣςφάτομείδησεν‖δὲποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεὺς
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμείδησενsmiledμειδάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεὺςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεὺςἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μείδησεν - 556
delighting in Antilochus, because he was his dear companion;
Metre
χαίρωνἈντιλόχῳ‖ὅτιοἱφίλοςἦενἑταῖρος
χαίρωνrejoicingχαίρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μείδησενἈντιλόχῳAntilochusἈντίλοχος · dative singular masculine nounobject of χαίρωνὅτιbecauseὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἦενφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖροςἦενhe wasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὅτιἑταῖροςcompanionἑταῖρος · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate noun - 557
And answering him, he addressed him with winged words:
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαἀμειβόμενοςansweringἀμείβω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwinged wordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαhe addressed himπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 558
"Antilochus, if you bid me add another gift from my own stores
Metre
Ἀντίλοχεἰμὲνδή‖μεκελεύειςοἴκοθενἄλλο
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleδήindeedδή · particlesentence particleμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐπιδοῦναικελεύειςyou bidκελεύω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἰοἴκοθενfrom my storesοἴκοθεν · adverbmodifies ἄλλοἄλλοanother giftἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐπιδοῦναι - 559
for Eumelus, then I shall do that as well.
Metre
Εὐμήλῳἐπιδοῦναι‖ἐγὼδέκεκαὶτὸτελέσσω
Εὐμήλῳto EumelusΕὔμηλος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπιδοῦναιἐπιδοῦναιto give extraἐπιδίδωμι · aorist active infinitiveobject of κελεύειςἐγὼI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τελέσσωδέthenδέ · particlesentence particleκεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτὸthatὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of τελέσσωτελέσσωI shall carry outτελέω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 560
I shall give him the breastplate I stripped from Asteropaeus,
Metre
δώσωοἱθώρηκα‖τὸνἈστεροπαῖονἀπηύρων
δώσωI shall giveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δώσωθώρηκαbreastplateθώραξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of δώσωτὸνwhichὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀπηύρωνἈστεροπαῖονAsteropaeusἈστεροπαῖος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀπηύρωνἀπηύρωνI strippedἀπαυράω · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing θώρηκα - 561
of bronze, around which a band of shining tin
Metre
χάλκεονᾧπέριχεῦμα‖φαεινοῦκασσιτέροιο
χάλκεονof bronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τὸνᾧwhichὅς · dative singular masculine pronounobject of πέριπέριaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionχεῦμαbandχεῦμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἀμφιδεδίνηταιφαεινοῦshiningφαεινός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies κασσιτέροιοκασσιτέροιοof tinκασσίτερος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies χεῦμα - 562
runs circling; it will be worth much to him."
Metre
ἀμφιδεδίνηται‖πολέοςδέοἱἄξιοςἔσται
ἀμφιδεδίνηταιruns aroundἀμφιδινέομαι · perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing θώρηκαπολέοςmuchπολύς · genitive singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἄξιοςδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔσταιἄξιοςworthἄξιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἔσταιit will beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 563
So he spoke, and told his dear companion Automedon
Metre
ἦῥακαὶΑὐτομέδοντι‖φίλῳἐκέλευσενἑταίρῳ
ἦso he spokeἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαsoἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΑὐτομέδοντιAutomedonΑὐτομέδων · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐκέλευσενφίλῳhis dearφίλος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταίρῳἐκέλευσενtoldκελεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑταίρῳhis companionἑταῖρος · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Αὐτομέδοντι - 564
to fetch it from the hut; he went and brought it to him,
Metre
οἰσέμεναικλισίηθεν‖ὃᾤχετοκαίοἱἔνεικεν
οἰσέμεναιto fetch itφέρω · future active infinitiveobject of ἐκέλευσενκλισίηθενfrom the hutκλισίηθεν · adverbobject of οἰσέμεναιὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καίδandδέ · particlesentence particleᾤχετοwentοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔνεικενἔνεικενbrought itφέρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 565
and placed it in Eumelus' hands; he received it gladly.
Metre
Εὐμήλῳἐνχερσὶ‖τίθειὃδὲδέξατοχαίρων
ΕὐμήλῳEumelus'Εὔμηλος · dative singular masculine nounmodifies χερσὶδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐντίθειhe placedτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δέξατοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδέξατοreceivedδέχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαίρωνgladlyχαίρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δέξατο - 566
Then Menelaus too rose among them, grieving at heart
Metre
τοῖσιδὲκαὶΜενέλαος‖ἀνίστατοθυμὸνἀχεύων
τοῖσιamong themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἀνίστατοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνίστατοἀνίστατοroseἀνίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθυμὸνat heartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀχεύωνἀχεύωνgrievingἀχεύω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνίστατο - 567
and relentlessly angry with Antilochus. A herald
Ἀντιλόχῳwith AntilochusἈντίλοχος · dative singular masculine nounobject of κεχολωμένοςἄμοτονwithout limitἄμοτον · adverbadverbial to κεχολωμένοςκεχολωμένοςangeredχολόω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνίστατοἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleκῆρυξheraldκῆρυξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔθηκε - 568
placed the scepter in his hand and called upon
Metre
χειρὶσκῆπτρονἔθηκε‖σιωπῆσαίτεκέλευσεν
χειρὶin his handχείρ · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνσκῆπτρονthe scepterσκῆπτρον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔθηκεἔθηκεhe placedτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσιωπῆσαίto be silentσιωπάω · aorist active infinitiveobject of κέλευσεντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordκέλευσενbadeκελεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 569
the Argives to be silent; then the godlike man addressed them:
Metre
Ἀργείουςὃἔπειτα‖μετηύδαἰσόθεοςφώς
Ἀργείουςthe ArgivesἈργεῖος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of κέλευσενὃtheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies φώςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to μετηύδαμετηύδαaddressedμεταυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰσόθεοςgodlikeἰσόθεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies φώςφώςthe manφώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μετηύδα - 570
"Antilochus, once so wise, what have you done?
Metre
Ἀντίλοχεπρόσθεν‖πεπνυμένεποῖονἔρεξας
ἈντίλοχεAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headπρόσθενbeforeπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to πεπνυμένεπεπνυμένεwiseπέπνυμαι · perfect medio-passive participle, vocative singular masculinemodifies Ἀντίλοχεποῖονwhatποῖος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἔρεξαςἔρεξαςhave you doneῥέζω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 571
You have shamed my prowess and hindered my horses
Metre
ᾔσχυναςμὲνἐμὴν‖ἀρετήνβλάψαςδέμοιἵππους
ᾔσχυναςyou shamedαἰσχύνω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐμὴνmy ownἐμός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀρετήνἀρετήνvalorἀρετή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ᾔσχυναςβλάψαςyou harmedβλάπτω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμοιmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of βλάψας - 572
by throwing your own before them, though yours were far worse.
Metre
τοὺςσοὺςπρόσθεβαλών‖οἵτοιπολὺχείρονεςἦσαν
τοὺςtheὁ · accusative plural masculine articlemodifies σοὺςσοὺςyour ownσός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of βαλώνπρόσθεbefore themπρόσθεν · adverbobject of βαλώνβαλώνby puttingβάλλω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βλάψαςοἵwhichὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἦσαντοιyourτοι · particlesentence particleπολὺby farπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to χείρονεςχείρονεςworseχείρων · nominative plural masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing σοὺς - 573
Come then, leaders and rulers of the Argives,
Metre
ἀλλἄγετἈργείων‖ἡγήτορεςἠδὲμέδοντες
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἄγετcome thenἄγε · adverbsentence particleἈργείωνof the ArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἠδὲἡγήτορεςleadersἡγήτωρ · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμέδοντεςrulersμέδων · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 574
judge openly between us both, and show no favor,
Metre
ἐςμέσονἀμφοτέροισι‖δικάσσατεμὴἐπἀρωγῇ
ἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionμέσονthe midstμέσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐςἀμφοτέροισιbetween us bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of δικάσσατεδικάσσατεjudgeδικάζω · aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπin favor ofἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀρωγῇfavorἀρωγή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐπ̓ - 575
lest some bronze-clad Achaean ever say:
Metre
μήποτέτιςεἴπῃσιν‖Ἀχαιῶνχαλκοχιτώνων
μήlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionποτέeverποτέ · particleadverbial to εἴπῃσιντιςsomeτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἴπῃσινεἴπῃσινmay sayεἶπον · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to μήἈχαιῶνof the AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιςχαλκοχιτώνωνbronze-cladχαλκοχίτων · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιῶν - 576
‘Menelaus overpowered Antilochus by falsehood
Metre
Ἀντίλοχονψεύδεσσι‖βιησάμενοςΜενέλαος
ἈντίλοχονAntilochusἈντίλοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βιησάμενοςψεύδεσσιby falsehoodsψεῦδις · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to βιησάμενοςβιησάμενοςhaving overpoweredβιάω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to οἴχεταιΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of οἴχεται - 577
and goes off leading the mare, because his horses were far worse,
Metre
οἴχεταιἵππονἄγων‖ὅτιοἱπολὺχείρονεςἦσαν
οἴχεταιgoes offοἴχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἵππονthe mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἄγωνἄγωνleadingἄγω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to οἴχεταιὅτιbecauseὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἦσανπολὺfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to χείρονεςχείρονεςworseχείρων · nominative plural masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲ - 578
though he himself is stronger in prowess and might.’
Metre
ἵπποιαὐτὸςδὲ‖κρείσσωνἀρετῇτεβίῃτε
ἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἦσαναὐτὸςhe himselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκρείσσωνstrongerκρείσσων · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἀρετῇin valorἀρετή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to τετεandτε · particlesentence particleβίῃin strengthβία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 579
Come, I shall judge the matter myself; and I say that no
Metre
εἰἄγἐγὼναὐτὸς‖δικάσωκαίοὔτινάφημι
εἰwell thenεἰ · interjectionsentence particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄγcomeἄγε · adverbsentence particleἐγὼνI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δικάσωαὐτὸςmyselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδικάσωI shall judgeδικάζω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπιπλήξεινοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτινάno oneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐπιπλήξεινφημιI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 580
other Danaan will rebuke me, for the judgment will be straight.
ἄλλονotherἄλλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τινάἐπιπλήξεινwill rebukeἐπιπλήσσω · future active infinitiveobject of φημιΔαναῶνamong the DanaansΔαναός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τινάἰθεῖαstraightἰθύς · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔσταιwill beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 581
Come here, Antilochus, Zeus-nurtured, as is right and customary:
Metre
Ἀντίλοχεἰἄγεδεῦρο‖διοτρεφέςἣθέμιςἐστί
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headεἰwell thenεἰ · interjectionsentence particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄγεcomeἄγω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbδεῦροhereδεῦρο · adverbobject of ἄγεδιοτρεφέςZeus-nurturedδιοτρεφής · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀντίλοχ̓ἣasὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἐστίθέμιςcustomaryθέμις · nominative singular feminine nounpredicate nounἐστίisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἄγε - 582
stand before your horses and chariot, and take in your hands
Metre
στὰςἵππωνπροπάροιθε‖καὶἅρματοςαὐτὰρἱμάσθλην
στὰςstandἵστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἄγεἵππωνthe horsesἵππος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to καὶπροπάροιθεbeforeπροπάροιθε · prepositionprepositionκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἅρματοςthe chariotἅρμα · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶαὐτὰρandἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἱμάσθληνthe whipἱμάσθλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔχε - 583
the slender whip with which you drove before;
χερσὶνin your handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἔχεἔχεholdἔχω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbῥαδινήνslenderῥαδινός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἱμάσθληνᾗwith whichὅς · dative singular feminine pronounadverbial to ἔλαυνεςπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πρόσθενπρόσθενbeforeπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔλαυνεςἔλαυνεςdroveἐλαύνω · imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἱμάσθλην - 584
touch the horses and swear by the earth-holding Earth-shaker
Metre
ἵππωνἁψάμενος‖γαιήοχονἐννοσίγαιον
ἵππωνthe horsesἵππος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἁψάμενοςἁψάμενοςtouchingἅπτω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄμνυθιγαιήοχονearth-holdingγαιήοχος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἐννοσίγαιονἐννοσίγαιονthe earth-shakerἘννοσίγαιος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὄμνυθι - 585
that you did not willingly block my chariot by guile."
Metre
ὄμνυθιμὴμὲνἑκὼν‖τὸἐμὸνδόλῳἅρμαπεδῆσαι
ὄμνυθιswearὄμνυμι · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἑκὼνwillinglyἑκών · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies ἅρμαἐμὸνmy ownἐμός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἅρμαδόλῳby guileδόλος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to πεδῆσαιἅρμαchariotἅρμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of πεδῆσαιπεδῆσαιto blockπεδάω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ὄμνυθι - 586
Then wise Antilochus answered him face to face:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὖτthenαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ηὔδαπεπνυμένοςwiseπέπνυμαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ηὔδαἀντίονface to faceἀντίος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαansweredαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 587
"Bear with me now, for I am far younger
Metre
ἄνσχεονῦνπολλὸν‖γὰρἔγωγενεώτερόςεἰμι
ἄνσχεοbear with meἀνέχω · aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἄνσχεοπολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to νεώτερόςγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔγωγεIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἰμινεώτερόςyoungerνεώτερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounεἰμιI amεἰμί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 588
than you, lord Menelaus, while you are older and better.
Metre
σεῖοἄναξΜενέλαε‖σὺδὲπρότεροςκαὶἀρείων
σεῖοthan youσύ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to νεώτερόςἄναξlordἄναξ · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies ΜενέλαεΜενέλαεMenelausΜενέλαος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπρότεροςolderπρότερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀρείωνbetterἀρείων · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate noun - 589
You know what the transgressions of a young man are:
Metre
οἶσθοἷαινέουἀνδρὸς‖ὑπερβασίαιτελέθουσι
οἶσθyou knowοἶδα · perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbοἷαιwhat sort ofοἷος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ὑπερβασίαινέουof a young manνέος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνδρὸςἀνδρὸςof a manἀνήρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὑπερβασίαιὑπερβασίαιtransgressionsὑπερβασία · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of τελέθουσιτελέθουσιthey areτελέθω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbobject of οἶσθ̓ - 590
his impulse is swifter, but his counsel is slight.
Metre
κραιπνότεροςμὲνγάρ‖τενόοςλεπτὴδέτεμῆτις
κραιπνότεροςswifterκραιπνός · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleνόοςimpulseνόος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectλεπτὴslightλεπτός · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεandτε · particlesentence particleμῆτιςcounselμῆτις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject - 591
Therefore let your heart endure; I myself shall give you
Metre
τώτοιἐπιτλήτω‖κραδίηἵππονδέτοιαὐτὸς
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleτοιfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies κραδίηἐπιτλήτωendureἐπιτλῆναι · present active imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκραδίηyour heartκαρδία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐπιτλήτωἵππονa mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δώσωδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δώσωαὐτὸςI myselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 592
the mare I won. And if you should ask some other thing
Metre
δώσωτὴνἀρόμην‖εἰκαίνύκενοἴκοθενἄλλο
δώσωI will giveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτὴνherὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἀρόμηνἀρόμηνI wonαἴρω · aorist middle indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing ἵππονεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκαίevenκαί · adverbsentence particleνύnowνῦν · adverbsentence particleκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleοἴκοθενfrom homeοἴκοθεν · adverbmodifies ἄλλοἄλλοsome otherἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐπαιτήσειας - 593
from my own stores, something greater, I would choose to give it
Metre
μεῖζονἐπαιτήσειας‖ἄφαρκέτοιαὐτίκαδοῦναι
μεῖζονgreaterμέγας · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectivemodifies ἄλλοἐπαιτήσειαςask forἐπαιτέω · aorist active optative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἰἄφαρat onceἄφαρ · adverbadverbial to βουλοίμηνκέwouldἄν · particlesentence particleτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δοῦναιαὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to δοῦναιδοῦναιto giveδίδωμι · aorist active infinitiveobject of βουλοίμην - 594
to you at once rather than fall from your heart, Zeus-nurtured, forever
Metre
βουλοίμηνἢσοί‖γεδιοτρεφὲςἤματαπάντα
βουλοίμηνI would wishβούλομαι · present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verbmain verbἢthanἤ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionσοίto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to πεσέεινγεat leastγε · particleemphasizing particleδιοτρεφὲςZeus-nurturedδιοτρεφής · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headἤματαdaysἦμαρ · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶπάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἤματα - 595
and stand as a sinner before the gods."
Metre
ἐκθυμοῦπεσέειν‖καὶδαίμοσινεἶναιἀλιτρός
ἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionθυμοῦthe heartθυμός · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκπεσέεινto fallπίπτω · aorist active infinitiveobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδαίμοσινto the godsδαίμων · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to εἶναιεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of καὶἀλιτρόςa sinnerἀλιτρός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 596
So the son of great-hearted Nestor led the mare
Metre
ἦῥακαὶἵππονἄγων‖μεγαθύμουΝέστοροςυἱὸς
ἦhe spokeἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαsoἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἵππονthe mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἄγωνἄγωνleadingἄγω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τίθειμεγαθύμουgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΝέστοροςΝέστοροςof NestorΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςthe sonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τίθει - 597
and placed her in Menelaus' hands; and his heart
Metre
ἐνχείρεσσιτίθει‖Μενελάουτοῖοδὲθυμὸς
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχείρεσσιin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐντίθειplacedτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜενελάουof MenelausΜενέλαος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies χείρεσσιτοῖοhisὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμὸςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθυμὸςhis heartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἰάνθη - 598
was softened, as dew lies thick upon the ears
Metre
ἰάνθηὡςεἴ‖τεπερὶσταχύεσσινἐέρση
ἰάνθηsoftenedἰαίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleεἴas ifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτεandτε · particlesentence particleπερὶuponπερί · prepositionprepositionσταχύεσσινears of grainστάχυς · dative plural masculine nounmodifies περὶἐέρσηdewἔρσα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject - 599
of a ripening crop, when the fields bristle with grain;
Metre
ληΐουἀλδήσκοντος‖ὅτεφρίσσουσινἄρουραι
ληΐουgrainλήιον · genitive singular neuter nounmodifiesἀλδήσκοντοςripeningἀλδήσκω · present active participle, genitive singular neutermodifies ληΐουὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to φρίσσουσινφρίσσουσινbristleφρίσσω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbialἄρουραιthe fieldsἄρουρα · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of φρίσσουσιν - 600
so, Menelaus, was the heart within you softened.
Metre
ὣςἄρασοὶΜενέλαε‖μετὰφρεσὶθυμὸςἰάνθη
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἰάνθηἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleσοὶwithin youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἰάνθηΜενέλαεMenelausΜενέλαος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headμετὰwithinμετά · prepositionprepositionφρεσὶheartφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μετὰθυμὸςthe heartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἰάνθηἰάνθηsoftenedἰαίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 601
And speaking to him, he addressed him with winged words:
Metre
καίμινφωνήσας‖ἔπεαπτερόενταπροσηύδα
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαφωνήσαςspeakingφωνέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwinged wordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαhe addressed himπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 602
"Antilochus, angry though I am, I shall now yield to you myself,
ἈντίλοχεAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ὑποείξομαιμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ὑποείξομαιἐγὼνI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ὑποείξομαιὑποείξομαιI will yieldὑπείκω · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbαὐτὸςI myselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 603
since before this you were never wayward or reckless;
χωόμενοςthough angeredχώομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὑποείξομαιἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbialπαρήοροςwaywardπαρήορος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἀεσίφρωνrecklessἀεσίφρων · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 604
but now your youth has overcome your judgment.
Metre
ἦσθαπάροςνῦναὖτε‖νόοννίκησενεοίη
ἦσθαyou wereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to δ̓πάροςbefore nowπάρος · adverbadverbial to δ̓νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to νίκησεαὖτεagainαὖτε · adverbsentence particleνόονjudgmentνόος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of νίκησενίκησεovercameνικάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνεοίηyouthνεοίη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of νίκησε - 605
Another time, avoid trying to outwit your betters.
Metre
δεύτεροναὖτἀλέασθαι‖ἀμείνοναςἠπεροπεύειν
δεύτερονanother timeδεύτερος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀλέασθαιαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἀλέασθαιto avoidἀλέομαι · aorist middle infinitivemain verbἀμείνοναςyour bettersἀμείνων · accusative plural masculine comparative adjectiveobject of ἠπεροπεύεινἠπεροπεύεινto outwitἠπεροπεύω · present active infinitiveobject of ἀλέασθαι - 606
No other man among the Achaeans could soon have persuaded me.
Metre
οὐγάρκένμετάχἄλλος‖ἀνὴρπαρέπεισενἈχαιῶν
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκένcouldἄν · particlesentence particleμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of παρέπεισεντάχsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to παρέπεισενἄλλοςanotherἄλλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of παρέπεισενπαρέπεισενpersuadedπαραπείθω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχαιῶνamong the AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀνὴρ - 607
But you have suffered much and labored much,
Metre
ἀλλὰσὺγὰρδὴπολλὰ‖πάθεςκαὶπολλὰμόγησας
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleπολλὰmuchπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to πάθεςπάθεςhave sufferedπάσχω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπολλὰmuchπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to μόγησαςμόγησαςyou laboredμογέω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 608
and so have your good father and your brother, for my sake.
Metre
σόςτεπατὴρἀγαθὸς‖καὶἀδελφεὸςεἵνεκἐμεῖο
σόςyourσός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατὴρτεandτε · particlesentence particleπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶἀγαθὸςgoodἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατὴρκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀδελφεὸςyour brotherἀδελφός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶεἵνεκfor the sake ofἕνεκα · prepositionprepositionἐμεῖοfor meἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to εἵνεκ̓ - 609
Therefore I shall yield to your entreaty, and I shall even give you
Metre
τώτοιλισσομένῳ‖ἐπιπείσομαιἠδὲκαὶἵππον
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπιπείσομαιλισσομένῳas you entreatλίσσομαι · present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἐπιπείσομαιI will yieldἐπιπείθομαι · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἵππονa mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δώσω - 610
the mare, though she is mine, so that these men too may know
Metre
δώσωἐμήνπερἐοῦσαν‖ἵναγνώωσικαὶοἵδε
δώσωI will giveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἐμήνmineἐμός · accusative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounπερthoughπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἐοῦσανthough she isεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular femininecircumstantial complementἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγνώωσιmay knowγιγνώσκω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἵνακαὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleοἵδεthese menὅδε · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of γνώωσι - 611
that my heart is never overbearing or harsh."
Metre
ὡςἐμὸςοὔποτεθυμὸς‖ὑπερφίαλοςκαὶἀπηνής
ὡςthatὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐμὸςmy ownἐμός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμὸςοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleποτεeverποτέ · particleadverbialθυμὸςmy heartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὑπερφίαλοςoverbearingὑπερφίαλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀπηνήςharshἀπηνής · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 612
So he spoke, and gave the mare to Noemon, Antilochus' companion,
Metre
ἦῥακαὶἈντιλόχοιο‖Νοήμονιδῶκενἑταίρῳ
ἦso he spokeἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαsoἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈντιλόχοιοof AntilochusἈντίλοχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἑταίρῳΝοήμονιNoemonΝοήμων · dative singular masculine nounobject of δῶκενδῶκενhe gaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑταίρῳhis companionἑταῖρος · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Νοήμονι - 613
to lead away; then he took the shining cauldron.
Metre
ἵππονἄγεινὃἔπειτα‖λέβηθἕλεπαμφανόωντα
ἵππονthe mareἵππος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δῶκενἄγεινto lead awayἄγω · present active infinitiveadverbial to δῶκενὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἕλεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἕλελέβηθa cauldronλέβης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἕλεἕλεhe tookαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαμφανόωνταall-shiningπαμφανόων · present active participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies λέβηθ̓ - 614
Meriones lifted up the two talents of gold
Metre
Μηριόνηςἀνάειρε‖δύωχρυσοῖοτάλαντα
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνάειρεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀνάειρεlifted upἀναείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies τάλανταχρυσοῖοof goldχρυσός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τάλαντατάλανταtalentsτάλαντον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀνάειρε - 615
as fourth, the place in which he drove; but the fifth prize remained,
τέτρατοςthe fourthτέταρτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementὡςas he isὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔλασενἔλασενhe droveἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἀνάειρεπέμπτονfifthπέμπτος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλονδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπελείπετremainedὑπολείπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of , - 616
a two-handled bowl. Achilles gave it to Nestor,
Metre
ἀμφίθετοςφιάλη‖τὴνΝέστοριδῶκενἈχιλλεὺς
ἀμφίθετοςtwo-handledἀμφίθετος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φιάληφιάληbowlφιάλη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ,τὴνitὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of δῶκενΝέστοριto NestorΝέστωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of δῶκενδῶκενgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δῶκεν - 617
carrying it through the gathering of Argives, and stood beside him and said:
Metre
Ἀργείωνἀνἀγῶνα‖φέρωνκαὶἔειπεπαραστάς
Ἀργείωνof the ArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγῶναἀνthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionἀγῶναthe gatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀν̓φέρωνcarrying itφέρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δῶκενκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔειπεsaidεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαραστάςstood beside himπαρίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔειπε - 618
"Here, old man; let this now be an heirloom for you,
Metre
τῆνῦνκαὶσοὶτοῦτο‖γέρονκειμήλιονἔστω
τῆhereτῆ · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbνῦνfor nowνῦν · adverbadverbial to τῆκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσοὶfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔστωτοῦτοthisοὗτος · nominative singular neuter adjectivesubject of ἔστωγέρονold manγέρων · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headκειμήλιονan heirloomκειμήλιον · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounἔστωlet it beεἰμί · present active imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 619
a memorial of Patroclus' burial, for never again will you
Metre
Πατρόκλοιοτάφου‖μνῆμἔμμεναιοὐγὰρἔταὐτὸν
Πατρόκλοιοof PatroclusΠάτροκλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τάφουτάφουburialτάφος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μνῆμ̓μνῆμmemorialμνῆμα · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἔστωοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔτagainἔτι · adverbadverbial to ὄψῃαὐτὸνhimαὐτός · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ὄψῃ - 620
see him among the Argives. I give you this prize
Metre
ὄψῃἐνἈργείοισι‖δίδωμιδέτοιτόδἄεθλον
ὄψῃyou shall seeὁράω · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισιamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνδίδωμιI giveδίδωμι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δίδωμιτόδthisὅδε · accusative singular neuter pronounmodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δίδωμι - 621
without a contest, for you will not fight with fists or wrestle,
Metre
αὔτωςοὐγὰρπύξ‖γεμαχήσεαιοὐδὲπαλαίσεις
αὔτωςwithout a contestαὔτως · adverbadverbial to δίδωμιοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleπύξat boxingπύξ · adverbadverbial to μαχήσεαιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleμαχήσεαιwill fightμάχομαι · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπαλαίσειςwrestleπαλαίω · future active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 622
nor enter the spear-casting, nor race
Metre
οὐδἔτἀκοντιστὺν‖ἐσδύσεαιοὐδὲπόδεσσι
ἔτagainἔτι · adverbadverbial to ἐσδύσεαιἀκοντιστὺνspear-castingἀκοντιστύς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐσδύσεαιἐσδύσεαιenterεἰσδύνω · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπόδεσσιon footπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to θεύσεαι - 623
on foot, for harsh old age already presses hard upon you."
Metre
θεύσεαιἤδηγὰρ‖χαλεπὸνκατὰγῆραςἐπείγει
θεύσεαιyou will raceθέω · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἤδηalreadyἤδη · adverbadverbial to ἐπείγειγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleχαλεπὸνhardχαλεπός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies γῆραςκατὰuponκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleγῆραςold ageγῆρας · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐπείγειἐπείγειpresses hardἐπείγω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 624
So saying, he placed it in his hands; and Nestor received it gladly,
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνἐνχερσὶ‖τίθειὃἐδέξατοχαίρων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνhaving spokenεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τίθειἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐντίθειhe placedτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐδέξατοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐδέξατοreceivedδέχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαίρωνrejoicingχαίρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐδέξατο - 625
And speaking to him, he addressed him with winged words:
Metre
καίμινφωνήσας‖ἔπεαπτερόενταπροσηύδα
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινto himμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαφωνήσαςspeakingφωνέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwinged wordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαhe addressed himπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 626
"Yes indeed, my child, all this you have spoken according to due measure,
Metre
ναὶδὴταῦτάγεπάντα‖τέκοςκατὰμοῖρανἔειπες
ναὶyesναί · adverbsentence particleδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleταῦτάall thisοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἔειπεςγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ταῦτάτέκοςchildτέκος · vocative singular neuter noungoverned by an elided headκατὰaccording toκατά · prepositionprepositionμοῖρανdue measureμοῖρα · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰἔειπεςyou have spokenεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 627
for my limbs and dear feet are firm no longer, and my hands
Metre
οὐγὰρἔτἔμπεδαγυῖα‖φίλοςπόδεςοὐδέτιχεῖρες
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔτno longerἔτι · adverbadverbialἔμπεδαfirmἔμπεδος · nominative plural neuter adjectivepredicate nounγυῖαlimbsγυῖον · nominative plural neuter nounsubjectφίλοςmy dearφίλος · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headπόδεςfeetπούς · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἐπαΐσσονταιχεῖρεςhandsχείρ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἐπαΐσσονται - 628
no longer dart lightly from either shoulder.
Metre
ὤμωνἀμφοτέρωθεν‖ἐπαΐσσονταιἐλαφραί
ὤμωνfrom my shouldersὦμος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐπαΐσσονταιἀμφοτέρωθενon either sideἀμφοτέρωθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐπαΐσσονταιἐπαΐσσονταιdartἐπαίσσω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐλαφραίlightlyἐλαφρός · nominative plural feminine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 629
If only I were young as once, and my strength were firm,
Metre
εἴθὣςἡβώοιμι‖βίητέμοιἔμπεδοςεἴη
εἴθif onlyεἴθε · interjectionsentence particleὣςas onceὡς · adverbadverbial to τέἡβώοιμιI were youngἡβάω · present active optative, 1st singular verbmain verbβίηstrengthβία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of εἴητέandτε · particlecoordinating wordμοιmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies βίηἔμπεδοςfirmἔμπεδος · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounεἴηwereεἰμί · present active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 630
as when the Epeians buried lord Amarynceus
Metre
ὡςὁπότεκρείοντ‖ἈμαρυγκέαθάπτονἘπειοὶ
ὡςas whenὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὁπότεwhenὁπότε · adverbadverbial to δ̓κρείοντthe lordκρείων · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈμαρυγκέαἈμαρυγκέαAmarynceusἈμαρυγκεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θάπτονθάπτονthey buriedθάπτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓Ἐπειοὶthe EpeiansἘπειός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of θάπτον - 631
at Buprasium, and the king's sons set out the prizes.
Βουπρασίῳat BuprasiumΒουπράσιον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to θάπτονπαῖδεςsonsπαῖς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔθεσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔθεσανsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓βασιλῆοςof the kingβασιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἄεθλαἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔθεσαν - 632
There no man proved my equal, neither among the Epeians
Metre
ἔνθοὔτίςμοιὁμοῖος‖ἀνὴργένετοὔτἄρἘπειῶν
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to γένετ̓οὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτίςany manτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἀνὴρμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ὁμοῖοςὁμοῖοςequalὅμοιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γένετ̓γένετprovedγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἘπειῶνamong the EpeiansἘπειός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies τ̓ - 633
nor among the Pylians themselves nor the great-hearted Aetolians.
Metre
οὔταὐτῶνΠυλίων‖οὔτΑἰτωλῶνμεγαθύμων
οὔτʼnorοὔτε · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὐτῶνthemselvesαὐτός · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies ΠυλίωνIntensive (not reflexive) use of αὐτός agreeing with Πυλίων.
Πυλίωνthe PyliansΠύλιος · genitive plural masculine nouncomplementGenitive of comparison depending on ὁμοῖος ('my equal') in the preceding verse (23.632, 'no man proved my equal, neither among the Epeians'); coordinate with Ἐπειῶν there, its governing word does not appear in this segment.
οὔτʼnorοὔτε · conjunctioncoordinating wordΑἰτωλῶνthe AetoliansΑἰτωλός · genitive plural masculine nouncomplementContinues the same genitive-of-comparison construction as Πυλίων, depending on ὁμοῖος in 23.632.
μεγαθύμωνgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Αἰτωλῶν - 634
With my fists I beat Clytomedes, son of Enops;
Metre
πὺξμὲνἐνίκησα‖ΚλυτομήδεαἬνοποςυἱόν
πὺξat boxingπύξ · adverbadverbial to ἐνίκησαμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐνίκησαI defeatedνικάω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbΚλυτομήδεαClytomedesΚλυτομήδης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνίκησαἬνοποςof EnopsἮνοψ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱόνυἱόνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Κλυτομήδεα - 635
at wrestling, Ancaeus of Pleuron, who rose against me;
Metre
Ἀγκαῖονδὲπάλῃ‖Πλευρώνιονὅςμοιἀνέστη
ἈγκαῖονAncaeusἈγκαῖος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπάλῃat wrestlingπάλη · dative singular feminine nounadverbialΠλευρώνιονof PleuronΠλευρώνιος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀγκαῖονὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀνέστημοιagainst meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀνέστηἀνέστηroseἀνίστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἀγκαῖον - 636
and on foot I outran Iphiclus, good though he was;
Metre
Ἴφικλονδὲπόδεσσι‖παρέδραμονἐσθλὸνἐόντα
ἼφικλονIphiclusἼφικλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of παρέδραμονδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπόδεσσιon footπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to παρέδραμονπαρέδραμονI outranπαρατρέχω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἐσθλὸνgoodἐσθλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐόνταthough he wasεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 637
with the spear I outthrew both Phyleus and Polydorus.
Metre
δουρὶὑπειρέβαλον‖ΦυλῆάτεκαὶΠολύδωρον
δουρὶwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ὑπειρέβαλονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπειρέβαλονoutthrewὑπερβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbΦυλῆάPhyleusΦυλεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΠολύδωρονPolydorusΠολύδωρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 638
Only with their horses did the twin sons of Actor pass me,
Metre
οἴοισίνἵπποισι‖παρήλασανἈκτορίωνε
οἴοισίνonlyοἶος · dative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of παρήλασανἵπποισιwith horsesἵππος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to παρήλασανπαρήλασανpassedπαρελαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἈκτορίωνεsons of ActorἈκτορίων · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of παρήλασαν - 639
pressing ahead through weight of numbers and fiercely eager for victory,
Metre
πλήθειπρόσθεβαλόντες‖ἀγασσάμενοιπερὶνίκης
πλήθειby numbersπλῆθος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to παρήλασανπρόσθεaheadπρόσθεν · adverbobject of βαλόντεςβαλόντεςpulling aheadβάλλω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to παρήλασανἀγασσάμενοιeagerly strivingἄγαμαι · aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to παρήλασανπερὶforπερί · prepositionprepositionνίκηςvictoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of περὶ - 640
because the greatest prizes had been left there for that event.
Metre
οὕνεκαδὴτὰμέγιστα‖παραὐτόθιλείπετἄεθλα
οὕνεκαbecauseοὕνεκα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleτὰtheὁ · nominative plural neuter articlemodifies ἄεθλαμέγισταgreatestμέγας · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλαπαρforπαρά · prepositionemphasizing particleαὐτόθιthereαὐτόθι · adverbadverbial to λείπετ̓λείπετwere leftλείπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to οὕνεκαἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of λείπετ̓ - 641
They were twins: one kept firmly to the reins,
Metre
οἳἄρἔσανδίδυμοι‖ὃμὲνἔμπεδονἡνιόχευεν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔσανthey wereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδίδυμοιtwinsδίδυμος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounὃthe oneὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἡνιόχεὐμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔμπεδονfirmlyἔμπεδος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἡνιόχευενἡνιόχευενdroveἡνιοχεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbsentence particle - 642
firmly he held the reins, while the other urged them with the whip.
Metre
ἔμπεδονἡνιόχευ‖ὃἄραμάστιγικέλευεν
ἔμπεδονfirmlyἔμπεδος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἡνιόχεὐἡνιόχευdroveἡνιοχεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃthe otherὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κέλευενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleμάστιγιwith a whipμάστιξ · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to κέλευενκέλευενhe urged themκελεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 643
Such was I once; but now let younger men undertake
Metre
ὥςποτἔοννῦναὖτε‖νεώτεροιἀντιοώντων
ὥςsuchὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔονποτonceποτέ · particleadverbial to ἔονἔονI wasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἀντιοώντωναὖτεagainαὖτε · adverbsentence particleνεώτεροιyounger menνέος · nominative plural masculine comparative adjectivesubject of ἀντιοώντωνἀντιοώντωνundertakeἀντιάω · present active imperative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 644
such deeds. I must submit to grievous old age,
Metre
ἔργωντοιούτων‖ἐμὲδὲχρὴγήραϊλυγρῷ
ἔργωνof deedsἔργον · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἀντιοώντωντοιούτωνsuchτοιοῦτος · genitive plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργωνἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of πείθεσθαιδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleχρὴI mustχρή · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγήραϊto old ageγῆρας · dative singular neuter nounobject of πείθεσθαιλυγρῷgrievousλυγρός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies γήραϊ - 645
though then I stood preeminent among heroes.
Metre
πείθεσθαιτότεαὖτε‖μετέπρεπονἡρώεσσιν
πείθεσθαιto submitπείθω · present medio-passive infinitivesubject of χρὴτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to μετέπρεπονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτεthenαὖτε · adverbsentence particleμετέπρεπονI stood outμεταπρέπω · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἡρώεσσινamong heroesἥρως · dative plural masculine nounobject of μετέπρεπον - 646
But go now and honor your companion with funeral contests.
Metre
ἀλλἴθικαὶσὸνἑταῖρον‖ἀέθλοισικτερέϊζε
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἴθιgoεἶμι · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσὸνyourσός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖρονἑταῖρονcompanionἑταῖρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κτερέϊζεἀέθλοισιwith funeral gamesἆθλος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to κτερέϊζεκτερέϊζεhonor with ritesκτερείζω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 647
I accept this gladly, and my heart rejoices
Metre
τοῦτοἐγὼπρόφρων‖δέχομαιχαίρειδέμοιἦτορ
τοῦτοthisοὗτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of δέχομαιδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐγὼI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δέχομαιπρόφρωνwholeheartedlyπρόφρων · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδέχομαιI acceptδέχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbχαίρειrejoicesχαίρω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμοιmyἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἦτορἦτορmy heartἦτορ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of χαίρει - 648
that you always remember my kindness and I do not escape your notice,
Metre
ὥςμευἀεὶμέμνησαι‖ἐνηέοςοὐδέσελήθω
ὥςthatὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμευmeἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of μέμνησαιἀεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to μέμνησαιμέμνησαιyou rememberμιμνήσκω · perfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to δέἐνηέοςgentleἐνηής · genitive singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λήθωλήθωI escape noticeλανθάνω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to δέ - 649
nor the honor with which it is fitting that I be honored among the Achaeans.
Metre
τιμῆςἧςτέἔοικε‖τετιμῆσθαιμετἈχαιοῖς
τιμῆςof honorτιμή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to δέἧςwith whichὅς · genitive singular feminine pronounadverbial to τετιμῆσθαιτέandτε · particlesentence particleμI myselfἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of τετιμῆσθαιἔοικεit is fittingἔοικα · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing τιμῆςτετιμῆσθαιto be honoredτιμάω · perfect medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἔοικεμετamongμετά · prepositionprepositionἈχαιοῖςamong the AchaeansἈχαιός · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετ̓ - 650
May the gods grant you heart-gladdening favor in return for this."
Metre
σοὶδὲθεοὶτῶνδἀντὶ‖χάρινμενοεικέαδοῖεν
σοὶto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δοῖενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθεοὶthe godsθεός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δοῖεντῶνδthese thingsὅδε · genitive plural neuter pronounadverbial to ἀντὶἀντὶin return forἀντί · prepositionprepositionχάρινfavorχάρις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δοῖενμενοεικέαheart-gladdeningμενοεικής · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies χάρινδοῖενmay grantδίδωμι · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 651
So he spoke, and Peleus' son went through the great throng of Achaeans
Metre
ὣςφάτοΠηλεΐδης‖δὲπολὺνκαθὅμιλονἈχαιῶν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ᾤχετ̓δὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπολὺνgreatπολύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὅμιλονκαθthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionὅμιλονthrough the throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καθ̓Ἀχαιῶνof the AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ὅμιλον - 652
after he had heard the whole praise of Neleus' son.
Metre
ᾤχετἐπεὶπάνταἶνον‖ἐπέκλυεΝηλεΐδαο
ᾤχετwent onοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπεὶafterἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἐπέκλυεπάντallπᾶς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies αἶνοναἶνονpraiseαἶνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπέκλυεἐπέκλυεheardἐπικλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ᾤχετ̓Νηλεΐδαοof Neleus' sonΝηλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies αἶνον - 653
Then he set out prizes for painful boxing:
Metre
αὐτὰρὃπυγμαχίης‖ἀλεγεινῆςθῆκενἄεθλα
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of θῆκενπυγμαχίηςboxingπυγμαχία · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἄεθλαἀλεγεινῆςgrievousἀλεγεινός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies πυγμαχίηςθῆκενhe setτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλαas prizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of θῆκεν - 654
he led in and tethered a strong work-mule in the gathering,
Metre
ἡμίονονταλαεργὸν‖ἄγωνκατέδησἐνἀγῶνι
ἡμίονονa muleἡμίονος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατέδησ̓ταλαεργὸνhard-workingταλαεργός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἡμίονονἄγωνledἄγω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κατέδησ̓κατέδησhe tetheredκαταδέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνιthe gatheringἀγών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐν - 655
six years old and unbroken, the hardest age to tame;
Metre
ἑξέτεἀδμήτην‖ἥἀλγίστηδαμάσασθαι
ἑξέτεsix years oldἑξέτης · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἡμίονονἀδμήτηνunbrokenἄδμητος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἡμίονονἥwhichὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubjectτandτε · particlesentence particleἀλγίστηhardestἀλγίων · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounδαμάσασθαιto subdueδαμάζω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial - 656
and for the man defeated he set a two-handled cup.
Metre
τῷἄρανικηθέντι‖τίθειδέπαςἀμφικύπελλον
τῷfor the manὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of τίθειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleνικηθέντιdefeatedνικάω · aorist passive participle, dative singular masculinemodifies τῷτίθειhe setτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέπαςa cupδέπας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τίθειἀμφικύπελλονtwo-handledἀμφικύπελλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπας - 657
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςstandingὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 658
"Son of Atreus, and you other well-greaved Achaeans,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδητεκαὶἄλλοι‖ἐϋκνήμιδεςἈχαιοὶ
Ἀτρεΐδηson of AtreusἈτρείδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄλλοιotherἄλλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιοὶἐϋκνήμιδεςwell-greavedἐυκνήμις · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοὶἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 659
we call upon the two best men to contend for these prizes,
Metre
ἄνδρεδύωπερὶτῶνδε‖κελεύομενὥπερἀρίστω
ἄνδρεtwo menἀνήρ · accusative dual masculine nounobject of κελεύομενδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ἄνδρεπερὶforπερί · prepositionprepositionτῶνδεthese prizesὅδε · genitive plural masculine pronounadverbial to περὶκελεύομενwe callκελεύω · present active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbὥwhoὅς · nominative dual masculine pronounsubjectπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἀρίστωthe bestἄριστος · nominative dual masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 660
to raise their fists high and strike. Whichever man Apollo
Metre
πὺξμάλἀνασχομένω‖πεπληγέμενᾧδέἈπόλλων
πὺξat boxingπύξ · adverbadverbial to πεπληγέμενμάλveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἀνασχομένωἀνασχομένωhaving raisedἀνέχω · aorist middle participle, accusative dual masculineadverbial to πεπληγέμενπεπληγέμενto strikeπλήσσω · aorist active infinitiveobject of κελεύομενᾧto whomὅς · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δώῃδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δώῃ - 661
grants endurance, and all the Achaeans recognize,
Metre
δώῃκαμμονίην‖γνώωσιδὲπάντεςἈχαιοί
δώῃgrantsδίδωμι · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of δὲκαμμονίηνenduranceκαμμονίη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δώῃγνώωσιmay recognizeγιγνώσκω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbsubject of δὲδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοίἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of γνώωσι - 662
let him lead the strong work-mule back to his hut;
Metre
ἡμίονονταλαεργὸν‖ἄγωνκλισίηνδὲνεέσθω
ἡμίονονthe muleἡμίονος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἄγωνταλαεργὸνhard-workingταλαεργός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἡμίονονἄγωνleadingἄγω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to νεέσθωκλισίηνto his hutκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of νεέσθωδὲandδέ · particleemphasizing particleνεέσθωlet him returnνέομαι · present medio-passive imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 663
but the defeated man shall carry off the two-handled cup."
Metre
αὐτὰρὃνικηθεὶς‖δέπαςοἴσεταιἀμφικύπελλον
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of οἴσεταινικηθεὶςdefeatedνικάω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies ὃδέπαςcupδέπας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οἴσεταιοἴσεταιwill carry offφέρω · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀμφικύπελλονtwo-handledἀμφικύπελλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπας - 664
So he spoke, and at once a good and mighty man arose,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὄρνυτοαὐτίκ‖ἀνὴρἠΰςτεμέγαςτε
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄρνυτοaroseὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὐτίκat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to ὄρνυτοἀνὴρa manἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἠΰςgoodἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τετεandτε · particlesentence particleμέγαςmightyμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 665
skilled in boxing, Epeius, son of Panopeus.
Metre
εἰδὼςπυγμαχίης‖υἱὸςΠανοπῆοςἘπειός
εἰδὼςskilled inοἶδα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies ἀνὴρπυγμαχίηςboxingπυγμαχία · genitive singular feminine nounobject of εἰδὼςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἘπειόςΠανοπῆοςof PanopeusΠανοπεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςἘπειόςEpeiusἘπειός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 666
He laid hold of the strong work-mule and called aloud:
Metre
ἅψατοἡμιόνου‖ταλαεργοῦφώνησέντε
ἅψατοhe took holdἅπτω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡμιόνουof the muleἡμίονος · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἅψατοταλαεργοῦhard-workingταλαεργός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἡμιόνουφώνησένcalled aloudφωνέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 667
"Let whoever will carry off the two-handled cup come near.
Metre
ἆσσονἴτωὅςτις‖δέπαςοἴσεταιἀμφικύπελλον
ἆσσονcloserἆσσον · adverbobject of ἴτωἴτωlet comeεἶμι · present active imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὅςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of οἴσεταιτιςwhoeverτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςδέπαςcupδέπας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οἴσεταιοἴσεταιwill carry offφέρω · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbsubject of ἴτωἀμφικύπελλονtwo-handledἀμφικύπελλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπας - 668
I say that no other Achaean will lead away the mule
ἡμίονονthe muleἡμίονος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀξέμενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleφημίI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτινanyoneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀξέμενἀξέμενwill lead awayἄγω · future active infinitiveobject of φημίἄλλονotherἄλλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τιν̓Ἀχαιῶνof the AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιν̓ - 669
after beating me with his fists, for I claim to be the best.
Metre
πυγμῇνικήσαντ‖ἐπεὶεὔχομαιεἶναιἄριστος
πυγμῇwith fistsπυγμή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to νικήσαντ̓νικήσαντafter defeating meνικάω · aorist active participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to ἀξέμενἐπεὶforἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionεὔχομαιI claimεὔχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of εὔχομαιἄριστοςthe bestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 670
Is it not enough that I fall short in battle? There is no way
ἦis it notἤ · conjunctionsentence particleοὐχnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἅλιςenoughἅλις · adverbpredicate nounὅττιthatὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμάχηςin battleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐπιδεύομαιἐπιδεύομαιfall shortἐπιδέω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbsubject of ὅττιἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπωςin any wayπως · particleadverbial to ἦνἦνwas thereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 671
for one man to become skilled in every kind of work.
Metre
ἐνπάντεσσἔργοισι‖δαήμοναφῶταγενέσθαι
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionπάντεσσallπᾶς · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργοισιἔργοισιkinds of workἔργον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐνδαήμοναskilledδαήμων · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounφῶταa manφώς · accusative singular masculine nounsubject of γενέσθαιγενέσθαιto becomeγίγνομαι · aorist middle infinitivesubject of ἦν - 672
For thus I tell you, and this shall be brought to pass:
Metre
ὧδεγὰρἐξερέω‖τὸδὲκαὶτετελεσμένονἔσται
ὧδεthusὧδε · adverbadverbial to ἐξερέωγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐξερέωI shall declareἐξερέω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτὸthisὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of ἔσταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleτετελεσμένονbrought to passτελέω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular neuterpredicate nounἔσταιwill beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 673
I shall split his flesh open and smash his bones together.
ἀντικρὺstraight throughἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to τ̓χρόαhis fleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ῥήξωτεandτε · particlesentence particleῥήξωI will splitῥήγνυμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbσύνtogetherσύν · prepositionemphasizing particleτandτε · particlecoordinating wordὀστέbonesὀστέον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀράξωἀράξωI will smashἀράσσω · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 674
Let his friends and caretakers wait here together,
Metre
κηδεμόνεςδέοἱἐνθάδ‖ἀολλέεςαὖθιμενόντων
κηδεμόνεςkinsmenκηδεμών · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of μενόντωνδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies κηδεμόνεςἐνθάδhereἐνθάδε · adverbadverbial to μενόντωνἀολλέεςtogetherἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὖθιhereαὖθι · adverbadverbial to μενόντωνμενόντωνwaitμένω · present active imperative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 675
so they may carry him out when he is broken beneath my hands."
Metre
οἵκέμινἐξοίσουσιν‖ἐμῇςὑπὸχερσὶδαμέντα
οἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐξοίσουσινκέmayἄν · particlesentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐξοίσουσινἐξοίσουσινcarry outἐκφέρω · future active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing κηδεμόνεςἐμῇςmy ownἐμός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χερσὶὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionχερσὶhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ὑπὸδαμένταbrokenδαμάζω · aorist passive participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 676
So he spoke, and they all fell hushed in silence;
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄραπάντες‖ἀκὴνἐγένοντοσιωπῇ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐγένοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἀκὴνin silenceἀκήν · adverbpredicate nounἐγένοντοthey becameγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσιωπῇin silenceσιωπή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐγένοντο - 677
and only Euryalus rose against him, a godlike man,
Metre
Εὐρύαλοςδέοἱοἶος‖ἀνίστατοἰσόθεοςφὼς
ΕὐρύαλοςEuryalusΕὐρύαλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱagainst himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀνίστατοοἶοςonlyοἶος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνίστατοroseἀνίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰσόθεοςgodlikeἰσόθεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies φὼςφὼςa manφώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 678
son of lord Mecisteus, the son of Talaus,
Metre
Μηκιστῆοςυἱὸς‖Ταλαϊονίδαοἄνακτος
Μηκιστῆοςof MecisteusΜηκιστεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςthe sonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΕὐρύαλοςΤαλαϊονίδαοson of TalausΤαλαιονίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Μηκιστῆοςἄνακτοςlordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Μηκιστῆος - 679
who once came to Thebes when Oedipus had fallen,
Metre
ὅςποτεΘήβαςἦλθε‖δεδουπότοςΟἰδιπόδαο
ὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἦλθεποτεonceποτέ · particleadverbial to ἦλθεΘήβαςto ThebesΘῆβαι · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἦλθεδtoδέ · particleemphasizing particleἦλθεcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Μηκιστῆοςδεδουπότοςwhen he had fallenδουπέω · perfect active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementΟἰδιπόδαοof OedipusΟἰδιπόδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τάφον - 680
to his funeral; there he defeated all the Cadmeans.
Metre
ἐςτάφονἔνθαδὲπάντας‖ἐνίκαΚαδμείωνας
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionτάφονfuneralτάφος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐνίκαδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Καδμείωναςἐνίκαdefeatedνικάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΚαδμείωναςthe CadmeansΚαδμεῖος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐνίκα - 681
Diomedes, famed with the spear, attended Euryalus,
Metre
τὸνμὲνΤυδεΐδης‖δουρὶκλυτὸςἀμφεπονεῖτο
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφεπονεῖτομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleΤυδεΐδηςthe son of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀμφεπονεῖτοδουρὶwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to κλυτὸςκλυτὸςfamedκλυτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τυδεΐδηςἀμφεπονεῖτοattendedἀμφιπονέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 682
encouraging him with words and greatly desiring victory for him.
Metre
θαρσύνωνἔπεσιν‖μέγααὐτῷβούλετονίκην
θαρσύνωνencouragingθαρσύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀμφεπονεῖτοἔπεσινwith wordsἔπος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to θαρσύνωνμέγαgreatlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to βούλετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτῷfor himαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of βούλετοβούλετοwishedβούλομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνίκηνvictoryνίκη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βούλετο - 683
First he cast a belt about him, and then
Metre
ζῶμαδέοἱπρῶτον‖παρακάββαλεναὐτὰρἔπειτα
ζῶμαa beltζῶμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of παρακάββαλενδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of παρακάββαλενπρῶτονfirstπρῶτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to παρακάββαλενπαρακάββαλενcast aboutπαρακαταβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτὰρand thenἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to δῶκεν - 684
gave him well-cut straps of a range-fed ox.
Metre
δῶκενἱμάνταςἐϋτμήτους‖βοὸςἀγραύλοιο
δῶκενgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱμάνταςstrapsἱμάς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δῶκενἐϋτμήτουςwell-cutἐύτμητος · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱμάνταςβοὸςof an oxβοῦς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἱμάνταςἀγραύλοιοrange-fedἄγραυλος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies βοὸς - 685
The two girded themselves and went into the midst of the gathering,
Metre
τὼδὲζωσαμένω‖βήτηνἐςμέσσονἀγῶνα
τὼthe two of themὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of βήτηνδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleζωσαμένωhaving girded themselvesζώννυμι · aorist middle participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to βήτηνβήτηνthe two wentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionμέσσονinto the middleμέσος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγῶναἀγῶναthe gatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐς - 686
and facing each other they raised their strong hands, both at once,
Metre
ἄνταἀνασχομένω‖χερσὶστιβαρῇσινἅμἄμφω
ἄνταfacingἄντα · adverbadverbial to ἀνασχομένωδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀνασχομένωraisedἀνέχω · aorist middle participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἔπεσονχερσὶtheir handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἀνασχομένωστιβαρῇσινstrongστιβαρός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χερσὶἅμat onceἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἀνασχομένωἄμφωbothἄμφω · nominative dual masculine adjectivesubject of ἔπεσον - 687
and fell together; their heavy hands crossed and mingled.
Metre
σύνἔπεσονσὺνδέ‖σφιβαρεῖαιχεῖρεςἔμιχθεν
σύνtogetherσύν · prepositionemphasizing particleῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔπεσονfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσὺνtogetherσύν · prepositionemphasizing particleδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσφιtheirσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἔμιχθενβαρεῖαιheavyβαρύς · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖρεςχεῖρεςtheir handsχείρ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔμιχθενἔμιχθενthey mingledμίγνυμι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 688
A terrible crashing rose from their jaws, and sweat ran
Metre
δεινὸςδὲχρόμαδος‖γενύωνγένετἔρρεεἱδρὼς
δεινὸςterribleδεινός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleχρόμαδοςcrashingχρόμαδος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γένετ̓γενύωνof their jawsγένυς · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies χρόμαδοςγένετaroseγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔρρεεranῥέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἱδρὼςsweatἱδρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔρρεε - 689
from every limb. Then godlike Epeius sprang in
Metre
πάντοθενἐκμελέων‖ἐπὶὄρνυτοδῖοςἘπειός
πάντοθενfrom every sideπάντοθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔρρεεἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionμελέωνlimbsμέλος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἐκἐπὶupon himἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleὄρνυτοsprangὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἘπειόςἘπειόςEpeiusἘπειός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄρνυτο - 690
and struck Euryalus on the cheek as he looked about; no longer
Metre
κόψεδὲπαπτήναντα‖παρήϊονοὐδἄρἔτιδὴν
κόψεstruckκόπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπαπτήνανταlooking aboutπαπταίνω · aorist active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementπαρήϊονcheekπαρήιον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κόψεἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔτιno longerἔτι · adverbadverbial to ἑστήκεινδὴνlongδήν · adverbadverbial to ἑστήκειν - 691
could he stand, for his splendid limbs collapsed beneath him.
Metre
ἑστήκειναὐτοῦ‖γὰρὑπήριπεφαίδιμαγυῖα
ἑστήκεινremain standingἵστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτοῦthereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to ὑπήριπεγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὑπήριπεcollapsedὑπερείπω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφαίδιμαsplendidφαίδιμος · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies γυῖαγυῖαhis limbsγυῖον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ὑπήριπε - 692
As when a fish leaps beneath the shuddering breath of Boreas
Metre
ὡςὅθὑπὸφρικὸς‖Βορέωἀναπάλλεταιἰχθὺς
ὡςas whenὡς · adverbemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὅθwhenὅτε · conjunctionadverbial to δέὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionφρικὸςgustφρίξ · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπὸΒορέωof BoreasΒορέας · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies φρικὸςἀναπάλλεταιleaps upἀναπάλλω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δέἰχθὺςfishἰχθύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀναπάλλεται - 693
beside a weed-strewn shore, and the dark wave covers it,
Metre
θίνἐνφυκιόεντι‖μέλανδέἑκῦμακάλυψεν
θίνthe shoreθίς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἐνatἐν · prepositionprepositionφυκιόεντιweed-strewnφυκιόεις · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θίν̓μέλανdarkμέλας · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κῦμαδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑitἕ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of κάλυψενκῦμαa waveκῦμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of κάλυψενκάλυψενcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δέ - 694
so he sprang up when struck; but great-hearted Epeius
Metre
ὣςπληγεὶςἀνέπαλτ‖αὐτὰρμεγάθυμοςἘπειὸς
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἀνέπαλτ̓πληγεὶςwhen struckπλήσσω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνέπαλτ̓ἀνέπαλτsprang upwardἀναπάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleμεγάθυμοςgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἘπειὸςἘπειὸςEpeiusἘπειός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὤρθωσε - 695
caught him in his hands and raised him. His dear companions gathered round
Metre
χερσὶλαβὼνὤρθωσε‖φίλοιἀμφέστανἑταῖροι
χερσὶin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to λαβὼνλαβὼνseizing himλαμβάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὤρθωσεὤρθωσεraisedὀρθόω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφίλοιhis dearφίλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖροιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφέστανthey stood aroundἀμφίστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἑταῖροιhis companionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀμφέσταν - 696
and led him through the gathering with his feet dragging,
Metre
οἵμινἄγονδιἀγῶνος‖ἐφελκομένοισιπόδεσσιν
οἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἄγονμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἄγονἄγονledἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἑταῖροιδιthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionἀγῶνοςthe gatheringἀγών · genitive singular masculine nounobject of δἰἐφελκομένοισιdraggingἐφέλκω · present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculinemodifies πόδεσσινπόδεσσινwith his feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἄγον - 697
spitting thick blood, his head lolling to one side.
Metre
αἷμαπαχὺπτύοντα‖κάρηβάλλονθἑτέρωσε
αἷμαbloodαἷμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of πτύονταπαχὺthickπαχύς · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies αἷμαπτύονταspittingπτύω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementκάρηhis headκάρα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of βάλλονθ̓βάλλονθlollingβάλλω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἑτέρωσεto one sideἑτέρωσε · adverbobject of βάλλονθ̓ - 698
They led him away senseless and set him down among them,
Metre
κὰδἀλλοφρονέοντα‖μετὰσφίσινεἷσανἄγοντες
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀλλοφρονέονταsenselessἀλλοφρονέω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμετὰamong themμετά · prepositionprepositionσφίσινamong themσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to μετὰεἷσανthey setἵζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἄγοντεςled awayἄγω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to εἷσαν - 699
then went themselves and carried off the two-handled cup.
Metre
αὐτοὶοἰχόμενοι‖κόμισανδέπαςἀμφικύπελλον
αὐτοὶthey themselvesαὐτός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἰχόμενοιgoing offοἴχομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to κόμισανκόμισανcarried offκομίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδέπαςcupδέπας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κόμισανἀμφικύπελλονtwo-handledἀμφικύπελλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δέπας - 700
Peleus' son quickly set out other prizes for the third contest,
Metre
Πηλεΐδηςαἶψἄλλα‖κατὰτρίταθῆκενἄεθλα
Πηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θῆκενδandδέ · particlesentence particleαἶψquicklyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to θῆκενἄλλαotherἄλλος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλακατὰforκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleτρίταthirdτρίτος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλαθῆκενsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of θῆκεν - 701
showing the Danaans the prizes for painful wrestling:
Metre
δεικνύμενοςΔαναοῖσι‖παλαισμοσύνηςἀλεγεινῆς
δεικνύμενοςshowingδείκνυμι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to θῆκενΔαναοῖσιto the DanaansΔαναοί · dative plural masculine nounobject of δεικνύμενοςπαλαισμοσύνηςwrestlingπαλαισμοσύνη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἄεθλαἀλεγεινῆςgrievousἀλεγεινός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies παλαισμοσύνης - 702
for the winner, a great tripod made to stand over the fire,
Metre
τῷμὲννικήσαντι‖μέγαντρίποδἐμπυριβήτην
τῷfor the manὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobjectμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleνικήσαντιwinnerνικάω · aorist active participle, dative singular masculinemodifies τῷμέγανgreatμέγας · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδ̓τρίποδa tripodτρίπους · accusative singular masculine nounobjectἐμπυριβήτηνstanding over fireἐμπυριβήτης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδ̓ - 703
which the Achaeans among them valued at twelve oxen;
Metre
τὸνδὲδυωδεκάβοιον‖ἐνὶσφίσιτῖονἈχαιοί
τὸνitὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τῖονδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδυωδεκάβοιονworth twelve oxenδυωδεκάβοιος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐνὶamongἐν · prepositionprepositionσφίσιthemσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἐνὶτῖονvaluedτίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τῖον - 704
and for the man defeated he placed a woman in their midst,
Metre
ἀνδρὶδὲνικηθέντι‖γυναῖκἐςμέσσονἔθηκε
ἀνδρὶfor a manἀνήρ · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἔθηκεδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleνικηθέντιdefeatedνικάω · aorist passive participle, dative singular masculinemodifies ἀνδρὶγυναῖκa womanγυνή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔθηκεἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionμέσσονthe midstμέσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐςἔθηκεhe placedτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 705
skilled in many tasks, and they valued her at four oxen.
Metre
πολλὰἐπίστατοἔργα‖τίονδέἑτεσσαράβοιον
πολλὰmanyπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπίστατοshe knewἐπίσταμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔργαmany tasksἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἐπίστατοτίονthey valuedτίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑherἕ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of τίοντεσσαράβοιονworth four oxenτεσσαράβοιος · accusative singular feminine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 706
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςstandingὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 707
"Rise, you two who will make trial of this contest."
Metre
ὄρνυσθοἳκαὶτούτου‖ἀέθλουπειρήσεσθον
ὄρνυσθriseὄρνυμι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbοἳyou whoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of πειρήσεσθονκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτούτουof thisοὗτος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀέθλουἀέθλουof the contestἆθλος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of πειρήσεσθονπειρήσεσθονwill make trialπειράω · future middle indicative, 2nd dual verbverb of a clause describing - 708
So he spoke, and then great Ajax, son of Telamon, arose,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὦρτοἔπειτα‖μέγαςΤελαμώνιοςΑἴας
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὦρτοaroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ὦρτομέγαςgreatμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΤελαμώνιοςson of TelamonΤελαμώνιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 709
and Odysseus of many wiles stood up, skilled in cunning.
Metre
ἂνὈδυσεὺςπολύμητις‖ἀνίστατοκέρδεαεἰδώς
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionsentence particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὈδυσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνίστατοπολύμητιςof many wilesπολύμητις · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ὀδυσεὺςἀνίστατοrose upἀνίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκέρδεαcunningκέρδος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of εἰδώςεἰδώςknowingοἶδα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies Ὀδυσεὺς - 710
The two girded themselves and went into the midst of the gathering,
Metre
ζωσαμένωἄρατώ‖γεβάτηνἐςμέσσονἀγῶνα
ζωσαμένωhaving girded themselvesζώννυμι · aorist middle participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to βάτηνδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτώthe two of themὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of βάτηνγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleβάτηνthe two wentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionμέσσονinto the middleμέσος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγῶναἀγῶναthe gatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐς - 711
and locked their arms about each other with their strong hands,
Metre
ἀγκὰςἀλλήλων‖λαβέτηνχερσὶστιβαρῇσιν
ἀγκὰςarm in armἀγκάς · adverbadverbial to λαβέτηνδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀλλήλωνeach otherἀλλήλων · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of λαβέτηνλαβέτηνseizedλαμβάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbχερσὶwith their handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to λαβέτηνστιβαρῇσινstrongστιβαρός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χερσὶ - 712
like rafters that a famed craftsman fits together
Metre
ὡςὅτἀμείβοντες‖τούςτεκλυτὸςἤραρετέκτων
ὡςlikeὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὅτthatὅτε · adverbadverbialἀμείβοντεςcrossing raftersἀμείβω · present active participle, nominative plural masculinesubjectτούςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἤραρετεandτε · particlesentence particleκλυτὸςfamedκλυτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τέκτωνἤραρεfitsἀραρίσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀμείβοντεςτέκτωνcraftsmanτέκτων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤραρε - 713
for a high house, to ward off the force of winds,
Metre
δώματοςὑψηλοῖο‖βίαςἀνέμωνἀλεείνων
δώματοςof the houseδῶμα · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies τούςὑψηλοῖοhighὑψηλός · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies δώματοςβίαςthe forceβία · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἀλεείνωνἀνέμωνof the windsἄνεμος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies βίαςἀλεείνωνwarding offἀλεείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤραρε - 714
and their backs cracked beneath the force of their bold hands
τετρίγειwere crackingτρίζω · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleνῶταtheir backsνῶτον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of τετρίγειθρασειάωνboldθρασύς · genitive plural feminine adjectivemodifies χειρῶνἀπὸbeneathἀπό · prepositionprepositionχειρῶνtheir handsχείρ · genitive plural feminine nounadverbial to ἀπὸ - 715
as they were dragged hard; wet sweat streamed down,
ἑλκόμεναbeing pulledἕλκω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural neuteradverbial to τετρίγειστερεῶςhardστερεός · adverbadverbial to ἑλκόμενακατὰdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleνότιοςwetνότιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἱδρώςῥέενstreamedῥέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱδρώςsweatἱδρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ῥέεν - 716
and thick welts, red with blood, sprang up
Metre
πυκναὶδὲσμώδιγγες‖ἀνὰπλευράςτεκαὶὤμους
πυκναὶthickπυκνός · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies σμώδιγγεςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσμώδιγγεςweltsσμῶδιξ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἀνέδραμονἀνὰoverἀνά · prepositionprepositionπλευράςribsπλευρά · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὤμουςshouldersὦμος · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to καὶ - 717
over their ribs and shoulders. Still the two kept straining
Metre
αἵματιφοινικόεσσαι‖ἀνέδραμονοἳδὲμάλαἰεὶ
αἵματιwith bloodαἷμα · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to φοινικόεσσαιφοινικόεσσαιcrimsonφοινικόεις · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies σμώδιγγεςἀνέδραμονrose upἀνατρέχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἱέσθηνδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάλgreatlyμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἱέσθηναἰεὶcontinuallyἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἱέσθην - 718
for victory and the well-wrought tripod.
Metre
νίκηςἱέσθην‖τρίποδοςπέριποιητοῖο
νίκηςfor victoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἱέσθηνἱέσθηνstraining forἵημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbτρίποδοςof the tripodτρίπους · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to πέριπέριforπερί · prepositionprepositionποιητοῖοwell-wroughtποιητός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies τρίποδος - 719
Odysseus could neither trip Ajax nor bring him to the ground,
Metre
οὔτὈδυσεὺςδύνατο‖σφῆλαιοὔδειτεπελάσσαι
ὈδυσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δύνατοδύνατοcouldδύναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσφῆλαιtripσφάλλω · aorist active infinitiveobject of τεοὔδειto the groundοὖδας · dative singular neuter nounobject of πελάσσαιτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordπελάσσαιto bringπελάζω · aorist active infinitiveobject of τε - 720
nor could Ajax do so, for the mighty strength of Odysseus held firm.
Metre
οὔτΑἴαςδύνατο‖κρατερὴἔχενἲςὈδυσῆος
ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δύνατοδύνατοcouldδύναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρατερὴmightyκρατερός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἲςδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔχενheld firmἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἲςstrengthἴς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔχενὈδυσῆοςof OdysseusὈδυσσεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἲς - 721
But when at last they began to weary the well-greaved Achaeans,
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδήἀνίαζον‖ἐϋκνήμιδαςἈχαιούς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἀνίαζονδήat lastδή · particleemphasizing particleῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἀνίαζονwere wearyingἀνιάζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τότεἐϋκνήμιδαςwell-greavedἐυκνήμις · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιούςἈχαιούςthe AchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀνίαζον - 722
then great Ajax, son of Telamon, addressed Odysseus:
Metre
δὴτότεμινπροσέειπε‖μέγαςΤελαμώνιοςΑἴας
δὴthen indeedδή · particlesentence particleτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to προσέειπεμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέειπεπροσέειπεaddressedπροσεῖπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαςgreatμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΤελαμώνιοςson of TelamonΤελαμώνιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέειπε - 723
"Odysseus, son of Laertes, sprung from Zeus, of many devices,
Metre
διογενὲςΛαερτιάδη‖πολυμήχανὈδυσσεῦ
διογενὲςsprung from Zeusδιογενής · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεῦΛαερτιάδηson of LaertesΛαερτιάδης · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies Ὀδυσσεῦπολυμήχανof many devicesπολυμήχανος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεῦὈδυσσεῦOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided head - 724
either lift me, or I shall lift you; all this will rest with Zeus."
Metre
ἤἀνάειρἢἐγὼ‖σέτὰαὖΔιὶπάνταμελήσει
ἤeitherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀνάειῤἀνάειρliftἀναείρω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectσέyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobjectτὰthese mattersὁ · nominative plural neuter pronounsubject of μελήσειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleΔιὶfor ZeusΖεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of μελήσειπάνταallπᾶς · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τὰμελήσειwill be his concernμέλω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 725
So saying, he lifted him; but Odysseus did not forget his cunning.
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνἀνάειρε‖δόλουοὐλήθετὈδυσσεύς
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνάειρεἀνάειρεlifted upἀναείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδόλουcunningδόλος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of λήθετ̓δbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleλήθετdid not forgetλανθάνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὈδυσσεύςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λήθετ̓ - 726
He struck the hollow behind Ajax's knee, loosed his limbs beneath him,
Metre
κόψὄπιθενκώληπα‖τυχώνὑπέλυσεδὲγυῖα
κόψstruckκόπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄπιθενbehindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to κόψ̓κώληπαhollow behind kneeκώληψ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κόψ̓τυχώνfinding his markτυγχάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κόψ̓ὑπέλυσεloosedὑπολύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleγυῖαhis limbsγυῖον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπέλυσε - 727
and threw him backward; Odysseus came down upon his chest,
Metre
κὰδἔβαλἐξοπίσω‖ἐπὶδὲστήθεσσινὈδυσσεὺς
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔβαλthrew himβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐξοπίσωbackwardἐξοπίσω · adverbobject of ἔβαλ̓ἐπὶdown uponἐπί · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordστήθεσσινhis chestστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐπὶὈδυσσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κάππεσε - 728
and he fell down; the people looked on in wonder and amazement.
Metre
κάππεσελαοὶαὖ‖θηεῦντότεθάμβησάντε
κάππεσεfell downκαταπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλαοὶthe peopleλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τεδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleθηεῦντόwatchedθεάομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτεandτε · particlesentence particleθάμβησάνwere amazedθαμβέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 729
Then in turn much-enduring godlike Odysseus lifted Ajax,
Metre
δεύτεροςαὖτἀνάειρε‖πολύτλαςδῖοςὈδυσσεύς
δεύτεροςsecondδεύτερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἀνάειρεlifted upἀναείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολύτλαςmuch-enduringπολύτλας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ὀδυσσεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεύςὈδυσσεύςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνάειρε - 730
and shifted him a little from the ground, but did not lift him clear;
κίνησενshifted himκινέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτυτθὸνonly a littleτυτθός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to κίνησενἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionχθονόςthe groundχθών · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸἔτany longerἔτι · adverbsentence particleἄειρενlifted himἀείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 731
his knee bent beneath him, and both fell to the ground
ἐνinwardἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordγόνυhis kneeγόνυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of γνάμψενγνάμψενbentγνάμπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπὶuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleχθονὶto the groundχθών · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐπὶκάππεσονfellκαταπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἄμφωbothἄμφω · nominative dual masculine adjectivesubject of κάππεσον - 732
close beside each other, and were stained with dust.
Metre
πλησίοιἀλλήλοισι‖μιάνθησανδὲκονίῃ
πλησίοιclose besideπλησίος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀλλήλοισιwith each otherἀλλήλων · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to πλησίοιμιάνθησανwere stainedμιαίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκονίῃwith the dustκονία · dative singular feminine nounobject of μιάνθησαν - 733
And now they would have sprung up and wrestled a third time,
Metre
καίνύκετὸτρίτοναὖτις‖ἀναΐξαντἐπάλαιον
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνύnowνῦν · adverbsentence particleκεwould haveἄν · particlesentence particleτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies τρίτοντρίτονthirdτρίτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπάλαιοναὖτιςagainαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἀναΐξαντ̓ἀναΐξαντspringing upἀναίσσω · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἐπάλαιονἐπάλαιονwould have wrestledπαλαίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 734
had Achilles himself not risen and held them back:
Metre
εἰμὴἈχιλλεὺςαὐτὸς‖ἀνίστατοκαὶκατέρυκε
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνίστατοhad risenἀνίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordκατέρυκεheld them backκατερύκω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to καὶ - 735
"Strain against each other no longer, and do not wear yourselves down with pain.
Metre
μηκέτἐρείδεσθον‖μὴδὲτρίβεσθεκακοῖσι
μηκέτno longerμηκέτι · adverbadverbial to ἐρείδεσθονἐρείδεσθονstrain against each otherἐρείδω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd dual verbmain verbμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτρίβεσθεwear yourselves downτρίβω · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbκακοῖσιwith painκακός · dative plural neuter adjectiveobject of τρίβεσθε - 736
Victory belongs to both; take equal prizes
Metre
νίκηἀμφοτέροισιν‖ἀέθλιαἶσἀνελόντες
νίκηvictoryνίκη · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφοτέροισινto bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbialἀέθλιαprizesἀέθλιον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀνελόντεςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἶσequalἴσος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἀέθλιαἀνελόντεςhaving takenἀναιρέω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔρχεσθ̓ - 737
and go, so that the other Achaeans too may compete."
ἔρχεσθgoἔρχομαι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbὄφραso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκαὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἄλλοιthe otherἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιοίἀεθλεύωσινmay competeἀθλεύω · present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ὄφραἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀεθλεύωσιν - 738
So he spoke, and they listened closely and obeyed him.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄρατοῦ‖μάλαμὲνκλύονἠδὲπίθοντο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἠδὲδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleτοῦhimὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of κλύονμάλαcloselyμάλα · adverbadverbial to κλύονμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκλύονlistenedκλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπίθοντοobeyedπείθω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 739
Then, wiping off the dust, the two put on their tunics.
Metre
καίἀπομορξαμένω‖κονίηνδύσαντοχιτῶνας
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἀπομορξαμένωwiping awayἀπομόργνυμι · aorist middle participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to δύσαντοκονίηνthe dustκονία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀπομορξαμένωδύσαντοput onδύω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbχιτῶναςtunicsχιτών · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δύσαντο - 740
At once the son of Peleus set out other prizes for speed:
Metre
Πηλεΐδηςαἶψἄλλα‖τίθειταχυτῆτοςἄεθλα
Πηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τίθειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἶψat onceαἶψα · adverbadverbial to τίθειἄλλαotherἄλλος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλατίθειwas settingτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbταχυτῆτοςof speedταχυτής · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἄεθλαἄεθλαprizesἆθλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject - 741
a wrought silver mixing bowl; six measures
Metre
ἀργύρεονκρητῆρα‖τετυγμένονἓξἄραμέτρα
ἀργύρεονsilverἀργύρεος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies κρητῆρακρητῆραa mixing bowlκρατήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobjectτετυγμένονwroughtτεύχω · perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies κρητῆραἓξsixἕξ · numeralmodifies μέτραδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleμέτραmeasuresμέτρον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of χάνδανεν - 742
it held, and in beauty it surpassed all others across the earth
Metre
χάνδανεναὐτὰρκάλλει‖ἐνίκαπᾶσανἐπαἶαν
χάνδανενheldχανδάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτὰρand yetἀτάρ · particlecoordinating wordκάλλειin beautyκάλλος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐνίκαἐνίκαsurpassedνικάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπᾶσανall the restπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies αἶανἐπacrossἐπί · prepositionprepositionαἶανearthαἶα · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐπ̓ - 743
by far, for the skilled craftsmen of Sidon had fashioned it well.
Metre
πολλόνἐπεὶΣιδόνες‖πολυδαίδαλοιεὖἤσκησαν
πολλόνby farπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐνίκαἐπεὶforἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionΣιδόνεςSidoniansΣιδόνες · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἤσκησανπολυδαίδαλοιskilled craftsmenπολυδαίδαλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Σιδόνεςεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to ἤσκησανἤσκησανfashionedἀσκέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δ̓ - 744
Phoenician men carried it over the misty sea,
ΦοίνικεςPhoeniciansΦοῖνιξ · nominative plural masculine nounmodifies ἄνδρεςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄγονcarriedἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲἄνδρεςthe menἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δὲἐπoverἐπί · prepositionprepositionἠεροειδέαmistyἠεροειδής · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόντονπόντονthe seaπόντος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπ̓ - 745
put in at the harbors, and gave it as a gift to Thoas;
Metre
στῆσανἐνλιμένεσσι‖Θόαντιδὲδῶρονἔδωκαν
στῆσανput inἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionλιμένεσσιharborsλιμήν · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνΘόαντιto ThoasΘόας · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἔδωκανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδῶρονas a giftδῶρον · accusative singular neuter nouncircumstantial complementἔδωκανgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲ - 746
and as the price for Priam's son Lycaon
Metre
υἷοςδὲΠριάμοιο‖Λυκάονοςὦνονἔδωκε
υἷοςof the sonυἱός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Λυκάονοςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠριάμοιοPriam'sΠρίαμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷοςΛυκάονοςof LycaonΛυκάων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὦνονὦνονthe purchase priceὦνος · accusative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complementἔδωκεgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 747
Euneus, son of Jason, gave it to the hero Patroclus.
Πατρόκλῳto PatroclusΠάτροκλος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἔδωκεἥρωϊthe heroἥρως · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠατρόκλῳἸησονίδηςson of JasonἸησονίδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΕὔνηοςΕὔνηοςEuneusΕὔνηος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔδωκε - 748
Achilles now set it as a prize in honor of his companion,
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτὸνitὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of θῆκενἈχιλλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θῆκενθῆκενsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nouncircumstantial complementοὗhisἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροιοἑτάροιοof his companionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἄεθλον - 749
for whoever proved lightest upon his swift feet;
Metre
ὅςτιςἐλαφρότατος‖ποσσὶκραιπνοῖσιπέλοιτο
ὅςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of πέλοιτοτιςwhoeverτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςἐλαφρότατοςlightestἐλαφρός · nominative singular masculine superlative adjectivepredicate nounποσσὶon his feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to πέλοιτοκραιπνοῖσιswiftκραιπνός · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ποσσὶπέλοιτοmight proveπέλω · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing - 750
for the second he set a great ox, rich with fat,
Metre
δευτέρῳαὖβοῦνθῆκε‖μέγανκαὶπίοναδημῷ
δευτέρῳfor second placeδεύτερος · dative singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to θῆκεαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleβοῦνan oxβοῦς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θῆκεθῆκεhe setτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγανgreatμέγας · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπίοναfatπίων · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies καὶδημῷwith fatδημός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to πίονα - 751
and for the last he set half a talent of gold.
ἡμιτάλαντονhalf a talentἡμιτάλαντον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔθηκεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχρυσοῦof goldχρυσός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἡμιτάλαντονλοισθήϊfor last placeλοισθήιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivecircumstantial complementἔθηκεhe setτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 752
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςstandingὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 753
"Rise, you who will make trial of this contest."
Metre
ὄρνυσθοἳκαὶτούτου‖ἀέθλουπειρήσεσθε
ὄρνυσθriseὄρνυμι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbοἳyou whoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of πειρήσεσθεκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτούτουof thisοὗτος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀέθλουἀέθλουof the contestἆθλος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of πειρήσεσθεπειρήσεσθεwill make trialπειράω · future middle indicative, 2nd plural verbverb of a clause describing - 754
So he spoke, and swift Ajax, son of Oileus, sprang up at once,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὄρνυτοαὐτίκ‖ὈϊλῆοςταχὺςΑἴας
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄρνυτοsprangὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὐτίκat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to ὄρνυτοὈϊλῆοςson of OileusὈιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴαςταχὺςswiftταχύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄρνυτο - 755
and Odysseus of many wiles rose, and then Nestor's son,
Metre
ἂνὈδυσεὺςπολύμητις‖ἔπειταδὲΝέστοροςυἱὸς
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleὈδυσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectπολύμητιςof many wilesπολύμητις · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ὀδυσεὺςἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbialδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΝέστοροςNestor'sΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀντίλοχος - 756
Antilochus, for he surpassed all the young men in speed of foot.
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐνίκαγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleαὖτεin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleνέουςyoung menνέος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐνίκαποσὶin footspeedπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνίκαπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies νέουςἐνίκαsurpassedνικάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 757
They stood in order, and Achilles showed them the finish.
Metre
στὰνδὲμεταστοιχί‖σήμηνεδὲτέρματἈχιλλεύς
στὰνthey stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμεταστοιχίin orderμεταστοιχεί · adverbadverbial to στὰνσήμηνεmarkedσημαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτέρματthe finishτέρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of σήμηνεἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of σήμηνε - 758
Their course stretched from the starting line; swiftly then
τοῖσιfor themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to τέτατοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπὸaway fromἀπό · prepositionprepositionνύσσηςstarting lineνύσσα · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸτέτατοhad been stretchedτείνω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδρόμοςcourseδρόμος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τέτατοὦκαswiftlyὦκα · adverbadverbial to ἔκφεῤδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἔκφεῤ - 759
the son of Oileus drew ahead, and godlike Odysseus sprang after him,
Metre
ἔκφερὈϊλιάδης‖ἐπὶὄρνυτοδῖοςὈδυσσεὺς
ἔκφερdrew aheadἐκφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὈϊλιάδηςson of OileusὈιλιάδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔκφεῤἐπὶafterἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄρνυτοsprangὄρνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεὺςὈδυσσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄρνυτο - 760
very close, as the loom-rod to the breast of a well-girdled woman
Metre
ἄγχιμάλὡςὅτετίς‖τεγυναικὸςἐϋζώνοιο
ἄγχιcloseἄγχι · adverbadverbial to ὄρνυτομάλveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἐστιτίςsomeτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies κανώντεandτε · particlesentence particleγυναικὸςof a womanγυνή · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies στήθεόςἐϋζώνοιοwell-girdledεὔζωνος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies γυναικὸς - 761
when she draws it carefully with her hands,
στήθεόςof her breastστῆθος · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐστιἐστιisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὄρνυτοκανώνloom-rodκανών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστιὅνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τανύσσῃτandτε · particlesentence particleεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to τανύσσῃμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleχερσὶwith her handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to τανύσσῃτανύσσῃshe drawsτανύω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓ - 762
pulling the spool along the warp and holding it close
Metre
πηνίονἐξέλκουσα‖παρὲκμίτονἀγχόθιἴσχει
πηνίονspoolπηνίον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐξέλκουσαἐξέλκουσαdrawing outἐξέλκω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to τανύσσῃπαρὲκalongπαρέξ · prepositionprepositionμίτονwarp threadμίτος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of παρὲκἀγχόθιclose toἀγχόθι · adverbprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴσχειholdsἴσχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓ - 763
to her breast; so Odysseus ran close behind,
Metre
στήθεοςὣςὈδυσεὺς‖θέενἐγγύθεναὐτὰρὄπισθεν
στήθεοςher breastστῆθος · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀγχόθιὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to θέενὈδυσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θέενθέενranθέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐγγύθενclose behindἐγγύθεν · adverbadverbial to θέεναὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordὄπισθενbehindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to τύπτε - 764
and his feet struck Ajax's tracks before the dust could spread over them.
Metre
ἴχνιατύπτεπόδεσσι‖πάροςκόνινἀμφιχυθῆναι
ἴχνιαtracksἴχνιον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of τύπτετύπτεstruckτύπτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπόδεσσιwith his feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to τύπτεπάροςbeforeπάρος · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκόνινdustκόνις · accusative singular feminine nounsubject of ἀμφιχυθῆναιἀμφιχυθῆναιto spread aroundἀμφιχέω · aorist passive infinitiveadverbial to πάρος - 765
Godlike Odysseus poured his breath down over Ajax's head
Metre
κὰδἄραοἱκεφαλῆς‖χέἀϋτμέναδῖοςὈδυσσεὺς
κὰδdown overκατά · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies κεφαλῆςκεφαλῆςover his headκεφαλή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of κὰδχέpouredχέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀϋτμέναbreathἀυτμή · accusative singular masculine nounobject of χέ̓δῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεὺςὈδυσσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of χέ̓ - 766
as he ran swiftly on; all the Achaeans shouted
αἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to θέωνῥίμφαswiftlyῥίμφα · adverbadverbial to θέωνθέωνas he ranθέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to χέ̓ἴαχονshoutedἰάχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπὶonwardἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοὶἈχαιοὶthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἴαχον - 767
for him as he strove for victory, urging his great effort.
Metre
νίκηςἱεμένῳ‖μάλαδὲσπεύδοντικέλευον
νίκηςfor victoryνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἱεμένῳἱεμένῳstrivingἵημι · present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμάλαgreatlyμάλα · adverbadverbial to σπεύδοντιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσπεύδοντιas he hastenedσπεύδω · present active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementκέλευονurged him onκελεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 768
But when they were completing the last stretch, Odysseus at once
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴπύματον‖τέλεονδρόμοναὐτίκὈδυσσεὺς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to τέλεονδὴnowδή · particleemphasizing particleπύματονthe lastπύματος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies δρόμοντέλεονwere completingτελέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to εὔχετ̓δρόμονcourseδρόμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τέλεοναὐτίκat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to εὔχετ̓ὈδυσσεὺςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εὔχετ̓ - 769
prayed in his heart to bright-eyed Athena:
Metre
εὔχετἈθηναίῃ‖γλαυκώπιδιὃνκατὰθυμόν
εὔχετprayedεὔχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈθηναίῃto AthenaἈθήνη · dative singular feminine nounobject of εὔχετ̓γλαυκώπιδιbright-eyedγλαυκῶπις · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἀθηναίῃὃνhis ownἑός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμόνκατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionθυμόνhis heartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰ - 770
"Hear me, goddess; come as a kindly helper to my feet."
Metre
κλῦθιθεάἀγαθή‖μοιἐπίρροθοςἐλθὲποδοῖιν
κλῦθιhearκλύω · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbθεάgoddessθεά · vocative singular feminine noungoverned by an elided headἀγαθήgoodἀγαθός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἐπίρροθοςμοιfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐλθὲἐπίρροθοςa helperἐπίρροθος · nominative singular feminine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐλθὲcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbποδοῖινto my feetπούς · dative dual masculine nounadverbial to ἐπίρροθος - 771
So he spoke in prayer, and Pallas Athena heard him,
Metre
ὣςἔφατεὐχόμενος‖τοῦἔκλυεΠαλλὰςἈθήνη
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεὐχόμενοςprayingεὔχομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔφατ̓τοῦhimὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἔκλυεδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔκλυεheardκλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠαλλὰςPallasΠαλλάς · nominative singular feminine nounmodifies ἈθήνηἈθήνηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔκλυε - 772
and made his limbs light, his feet and, above them, his hands.
Metre
γυῖαἔθηκενἐλαφρά‖πόδαςκαὶχεῖραςὕπερθεν
γυῖαhis limbsγυῖον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ,δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔθηκενmadeτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαφράlightἐλαφρός · accusative plural neuter adjectivecomplement of ἔθηκενπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖραςhis handsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶὕπερθενaboveὕπερθεν · adverbmodifies χεῖρας - 773
But when they were just about to dart upon the prize,
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴτάχἔμελλον‖ἐπαΐξασθαιἄεθλον
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · conjunctionadverbial to ἔμελλονδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleτάχsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to ἔμελλονἔμελλονwere about toμέλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἔνθ̓ἐπαΐξασθαιto spring uponἐπαίσσω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of ἔμελλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐπαΐξασθαι - 774
then Ajax slipped as he ran, for Athena tripped him,
Metre
ἔνθΑἴαςμὲνὄλισθε‖θέωνβλάψενγὰρἈθήνη
ἔνθthenἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ὄλισθεΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄλισθεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleὄλισθεslippedὀλισθάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθέωνas he ranθέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄλισθεβλάψενtripped himβλάπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to γὰργὰρforγάρ · particlesubordinating conjunctionἈθήνηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of βλάψεν - 775
where dung from the loud-bellowing slaughtered cattle lay poured out,
Metre
τῇῥαβοῶνκέχυτὄνθος‖ἀποκταμένωνἐριμύκων
τῇwhereτῇ · adverbadverbial to κέχυτ̓ῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleβοῶνcattleβοάω · present active participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies ὄνθοςκέχυτhad been pouredχέω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὄλισθεὄνθοςdungὄνθος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κέχυτ̓ἀποκταμένωνslainἀποκτείνω · aorist middle participle, genitive plural masculinemodifies βοῶνἐριμύκωνloud-lowingἐρίμυκος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies βοῶν - 776
the cattle swift-footed Achilles had killed for Patroclus.
Metre
οὓςἐπὶΠατρόκλῳ‖πέφνενπόδαςὠκὺςἈχιλλεύς
οὓςwhichὅς · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of πέφνενἐπὶforἐπί · prepositionprepositionΠατρόκλῳPatroclusΠάτροκλος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπὶπέφνενkilledθείνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing βοῶνπόδαςswift-footedπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ὠκὺςὠκὺςswiftὠκύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πέφνεν - 777
His mouth and nostrils filled with cow dung;
ἐνwithἐν · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄνθουdungὄνθος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of πλῆτοβοέουof cattleβόειος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὄνθουπλῆτοwas filledπίμπλημι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbστόμαhis mouthστόμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleῥῖνάςnostrilsῥίς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 778
much-enduring godlike Odysseus lifted up the mixing bowl,
Metre
κρητῆραὖτἀνάειρε‖πολύτλαςδῖοςὈδυσσεύς
κρητῆρthe mixing bowlκρατήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀνάειρεαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἀνάειρεlifted upἀναείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολύτλαςmuch-enduringπολύτλας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ὀδυσσεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈδυσσεύςὈδυσσεύςOdysseusὈδυσσεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνάειρε - 779
for he came in first; and glorious Ajax took the ox.
ὡςbecauseὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἦλθεhe cameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὡςφθάμενοςwas firstφθάνω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθεὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordβοῦνan oxβοῦς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἕλεἕλεtook for himselfαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφαίδιμοςgloriousφαίδιμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 780
He stood holding the horn of the field-ranging ox in his hands,
Metre
στῆδὲκέραςμετὰχερσὶν‖ἔχωνβοὸςἀγραύλοιο
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleκέραςhornκέρας · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔχωνμετὰinμετά · prepositionprepositionχερσὶνin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μετὰἔχωνholdingἔχω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to στῆβοὸςof an oxβοῦς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κέραςἀγραύλοιοof the fieldsἄγραυλος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies βοὸς - 781
spitting out dung, and spoke among the Argives:
Metre
ὄνθονἀποπτύων‖μετὰἈργείοισινἔειπεν
ὄνθονdungὄνθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀποπτύωνἀποπτύωνspitting outἀποπτύω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to στῆμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 782
"Ah, the goddess tripped my feet—she who before now
Metre
ὢπόποιἦἔβλαψε‖θεὰπόδαςἣτὸπάροςπερ
ὢahὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleπόποιalasπόποι · interjectionsentence particleἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔβλαψεἔβλαψεtripped meβλάπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεὰthe goddessθεά · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔβλαψεπόδαςmy feetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἔβλαψεἣwhoὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἠδ̓τὸin theὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πάροςπάροςpastπάρος · adverbadverbial to ἠδ̓περindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 783
stands beside Odysseus like a mother and comes to his aid."
Metre
μήτηρὣςὈδυσῆϊ‖παρίσταταιἠδἐπαρήγει
μήτηρa motherμήτηρ · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectὣςlikeὡς · adverbadverbialὈδυσῆϊto OdysseusὈδυσσεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἠδ̓παρίσταταιto stand besideπαρίστημι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἠδ̓ἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπαρήγειcomes to his aidἐπαρήγω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἠδ̓ - 784
So he spoke, and they all laughed sweetly at him.
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄραπάντες‖ἐπαὐτῷἡδὺγέλασσαν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of γέλασσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραsoἄρα · particlesentence particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἐπat himἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷat himαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓ἡδὺsweetlyἡδύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to γέλασσανγέλασσανlaughedγελάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 785
Antilochus carried off the last prize,
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔκφεῤδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleδὴat lastδή · particlesentence particleλοισθήϊονlastλοισθήιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλονἔκφερcarried offἐκφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔκφεῤ - 786
smiling, and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
μειδιόωνκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
μειδιόωνsmilingμειδιάω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔκφεῤκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 787
"Friends, I shall tell you all what you already know: even now
Metre
εἰδόσινὔμμἐρέω‖πᾶσινφίλοιὡςἔτικαὶνῦν
εἰδόσινthough knowingοἶδα · perfect active participle, dative plural masculinemodifies ὔμμ̓ὔμμto youσύ · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐρέωἐρέωI shall tellἐρῶ · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbπᾶσινallπᾶς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὔμμ̓φίλοιfriendsφίλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headὡςwhatὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἔτιstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to τιμῶσι - 788
the immortals honor men who are older.
Metre
ἀθάνατοιτιμῶσι‖παλαιοτέρουςἀνθρώπους
ἀθάνατοιthe immortalsἀθάνατος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of τιμῶσιτιμῶσιhonorτιμάω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbobject of ὡςπαλαιοτέρουςolderπαλαιός · accusative plural masculine comparative adjectivemodifies ἀνθρώπουςἀνθρώπουςmenἄνθρωπος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of τιμῶσι - 789
Ajax is only a little older than I am,
Metre
Αἴαςμὲνγὰρἐμεῖ‖ὀλίγονπρογενέστερόςἐστιν
ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστινμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐμεῖthan meἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to προγενέστερόςὀλίγονa littleὀλίγος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to προγενέστερόςπρογενέστερόςolderπρογενής · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἐστινisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 790
but this man belongs to an earlier generation and earlier men.
Metre
οὗτοςδὲπροτέρης‖γενεῆςπροτέρωνἀνθρώπων
οὗτοςthis manοὗτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubjectδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροτέρηςearlierπρότερος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies γενεῆςγενεῆςgenerationγενεά · genitive singular feminine nounpredicate nounπροτέρωνearlierπρότερος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνθρώπωντandτε · particlecoordinating wordἀνθρώπωνmenἄνθρωπος · genitive plural masculine nounpredicate noun - 791
They call him a hardy old man; yet it is difficult
Metre
ὠμογέρονταδέμίν‖φασἔμμεναιἀργαλέονδὲ
ὠμογέρονταhardy old manὠμογέρων · accusative singular masculine nounpredicate nounδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμίνhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔμμεναιφασthey sayφημί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of φασ̓ἀργαλέονit is hardἀργαλέος · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate nounδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating word - 792
for the Achaeans to contend with him on foot, unless it is Achilles."
Metre
ποσσὶνἐριδήσασθαι‖ἈχαιοῖςεἰμὴἈχιλλεῖ
ποσσὶνon footπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐριδήσασθαιἐριδήσασθαιto contendἐριδαίνω · aorist middle infinitivesubjectἈχαιοῖςfor the AchaeansἈχαιός · dative plural masculine nounadverbialεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleἈχιλλεῖto AchillesἈχιλλεύς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial - 793
So he spoke and gave glory to the fleet son of Peleus.
Metre
ὣςφάτοκύδηνεν‖δὲποδώκεαΠηλεΐωνα
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκύδηνενhonoredκυδαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordποδώκεαswift-footedποδώκης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠηλεΐωναΠηλεΐωναPeleus's sonΠηλείων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κύδηνεν - 794
Achilles answered him with words:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέειπενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈχιλεὺςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέειπενμύθοισινwith wordsμῦθος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἀμειβόμενοςἀμειβόμενοςansweringἀμείβω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέειπενπροσέειπενansweredπροσεῖπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 795
"Antilochus, your praise shall not be spoken in vain;
ἈντίλοχAntilochusἈντίλοχος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτοιfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to εἰρήσεταιμέλεοςin vainμέλεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementεἰρήσεταιspokenἐρῶ · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἶνοςpraiseαἶνος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἰρήσεται - 796
I shall add half a talent of gold for you."
Metre
ἀλλάτοιἡμιτάλαντον‖ἐγὼχρυσοῦἐπιθήσω
ἀλλάbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordτοιfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπιθήσωἡμιτάλαντονhalf a talentἡμιτάλαντον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐπιθήσωἐγὼI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐπιθήσωχρυσοῦof goldχρυσός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἡμιτάλαντονἐπιθήσωI shall addἐπιτίθημι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 797
So speaking, he placed it in his hands, and Antilochus received it gladly.
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνἐνχερσὶ‖τίθειὃἐδέξατοχαίρων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνspeakingεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τίθειἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶin his handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐντίθειhe placedτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐδέξατοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐδέξατοreceivedδέχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαίρωνrejoicingχαίρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐδέξατο - 798
Then the son of Peleus laid down a long-shadowed spear
Metre
αὐτὰρΠηλεΐδης‖κατὰμὲνδολιχόσκιονἔγχος
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θῆκ̓κατὰdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleδολιχόσκιονlong-shadowedδολιχόσκιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of θῆκ̓ - 799
as he carried it into the arena, and laid down a shield and helmet,
Metre
θῆκἐςἀγῶναφέρων‖κατὰἀσπίδακαὶτρυφάλειαν
θῆκhe laidτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἀγῶναthe gatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςφέρωνcarrying itφέρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to θῆκ̓κατὰdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀσπίδαshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτρυφάλειανhelmetτρυφάλεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶ - 800
the arms of Sarpedon that Patroclus had stripped from him.
Metre
τεύχεαΣαρπήδοντος‖ἅμινΠάτροκλοςἀπηύρα
τεύχεαthe armorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobjectΣαρπήδοντοςof SarpedonΣαρπηδών · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τεύχεαἅwhichὅς · accusative plural neuter pronounobject of ἀπηύραμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀπηύραΠάτροκλοςPatroclusΠάτροκλος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀπηύραἀπηύραhad stripped awayἀπαυράω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing τεύχεα - 801
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives: "
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςuprightὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 802
We call upon the two best men to contend for these prizes,
Metre
ἄνδρεδύωπερὶτῶνδε‖κελεύομενὥπερἀρίστω
ἄνδρεtwo menἀνήρ · accusative dual masculine nounobject of κελεύομενδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ἄνδρεπερὶfor the sake ofπερί · prepositionprepositionτῶνδεthese prizesὅδε · genitive plural neuter pronounadverbial to περὶκελεύομενwe call uponκελεύω · present active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbὥwhoὅς · nominative dual masculine pronounsubjectπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἀρίστωthe two bestἄριστος · nominative dual masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 803
the two of them clad in armor and taking flesh-cutting bronze,
Metre
τεύχεαἑσσαμένω‖ταμεσίχροαχαλκὸνἑλόντε
τεύχεαthe armorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἑσσαμένωἑσσαμένωhaving donnedἕννυμι · aorist middle participle, accusative dual masculineadverbial to πειρηθῆναιταμεσίχροαflesh-cuttingταμεσίχρως · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκὸνχαλκὸνbronzeχαλκός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἑλόντεἑλόντεtakingαἱρέω · aorist active participle, accusative dual masculineadverbial to πειρηθῆναι - 804
to make trial of each other before the gathered host.
Metre
ἀλλήλωνπροπάροιθεν‖ὁμίλουπειρηθῆναι
ἀλλήλωνeach otherἀλλήλων · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of πειρηθῆναιπροπάροιθενbeforeπροπάροιθε · prepositionprepositionὁμίλουthe throngὅμιλος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to προπάροιθενπειρηθῆναιto make trialπειράω · aorist passive infinitiveobject of κελεύομεν - 805
Whichever first reaches out and strikes the other's fair flesh
Metre
ὁππότερόςκεφθῇσιν‖ὀρεξάμενοςχρόακαλόν
ὁππότερόςwhicheverὁπότερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of δ̓κεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleφθῇσινgets there firstφθάνω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓ὀρεξάμενοςreaching outὀρέγω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineobject of φθῇσινχρόαfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὀρεξάμενοςκαλόνfairκαλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρόα - 806
and pierces through the armor to the inward parts and black blood,
Metre
ψαύσῃἐνδίνων‖διάἔντεακαὶμέλαναἷμα
ψαύσῃstrikesψαύω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνδίνωνinward partsἔνδινα · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ψαύσῃδιάthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionτandτε · particlesentence particleἔντεαthe armorἔντεα · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμέλανblackμέλας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies αἷμααἷμαbloodαἷμα · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶ - 807
to him I shall give this lovely silver-studded sword,
Metre
τῷμὲνἐγὼδώσω‖τόδεφάσγανονἀργυρόηλον
τῷto himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δώσωμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐγὼI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δώσωδώσωI shall giveδίδωμι · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbτόδεthisὅδε · accusative singular neuter pronounmodifies φάσγανονφάσγανονswordφάσγανον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δώσωἀργυρόηλονsilver-studdedἀργυρόηλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies φάσγανον - 808
a fine Thracian blade that I stripped from Asteropaeus;
Metre
καλὸνΘρηΐκιον‖τὸμὲνἈστεροπαῖονἀπηύρων
καλὸνfineκαλός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies φάσγανονΘρηΐκιονThracianΘράκιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies φάσγανοντὸwhichὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of ἀπηύρωνμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἈστεροπαῖονfrom AsteropaeusἈστεροπαῖος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀπηύρωνἀπηύρωνI stripped awayἀπαυράω · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing φάσγανον - 809
but let both carry away these arms as shared property,
τεύχεαarmsτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of φερέσθωνδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφότεροιbothἀμφότερος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of φερέσθωνξυνήϊαsharedξυνήιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivecircumstantial complementταῦταthese thingsοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεαφερέσθωνlet them carryφέρω · present medio-passive imperative, 3rd dual verbmain verb - 810
and we shall set a good feast before them in the shelters."
Metre
καίσφινδαῖτἀγαθὴν‖παραθήσομενἐνκλισίῃσιν
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσφινfor themσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounobject of παραθήσομενδαῖτa feastδαίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of παραθήσομενἀγαθὴνgoodἀγαθός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δαῖτ̓παραθήσομενwe shall setπαρατίθημι · future active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃσινthe sheltersκλισία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 811
So he spoke, and then great Ajax, son of Telamon, arose,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὦρτοἔπειτα‖μέγαςΤελαμώνιοςΑἴας
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὦρτοaroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ὦρτομέγαςgreatμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΤελαμώνιοςson of TelamonΤελαμώνιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 812
and mighty Diomedes, son of Tydeus, rose.
Metre
ἂνἄραΤυδεΐδης‖ὦρτοκρατερὸςΔιομήδης
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΤυδεΐδηςson of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ,ὦρτοroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρατερὸςmightyκρατερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΔιομήδηςΔιομήδηςDiomedesΔιομήδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of , - 813
Now when they had armed on each side of the throng,
Metre
οἳἐπεὶοὖνἑκάτερθεν‖ὁμίλουθωρήχθησαν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of συνίτηνδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · adverbadverbial to θωρήχθησανοὖνnowοὖν · particlesentence particleἑκάτερθενon either sideἑκάτερθε · prepositionprepositionὁμίλουof the throngὅμιλος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἑκάτερθενθωρήχθησανhad armed themselvesθωρήσσω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to συνίτην - 814
both came together into the middle, eager to fight,
Metre
ἐςμέσονἀμφοτέρω‖συνίτηνμεμαῶτεμάχεσθαι
ἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionμέσονthe middleμέσος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐςἀμφοτέρωbothἀμφότερος · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies οἳσυνίτηνcame togetherσύνειμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbμεμαῶτεeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to συνίτηνμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of μεμαῶτε - 815
looking terribly; amazement held all the Achaeans.
δεινὸνterriblyδεινός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to δερκομένωδερκομένωlooking fiercelyδέρκομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to συνίτηνθάμβοςamazementθάμβος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔχεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔχεheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιούςἈχαιούςthe AchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔχε - 816
But when they had come near as they advanced against each other,
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴσχεδὸνἦσαν‖ἐπἀλλήλοισινἰόντες
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἦσανδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleσχεδὸνnearσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ἦσανἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲἐπagainstἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀλλήλοισινeach otherἀλλήλων · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓ἰόντεςas they wentεἶμι · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἦσαν - 817
three times they sprang, and three times they rushed together at close quarters.
Metre
τρὶςμὲνἐπήϊξαν‖τρὶςδὲσχεδὸνὁρμήθησαν
τρὶςthree timesτρίς · adverbadverbial to ἐπήϊξανμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐπήϊξανsprang forwardἐπαίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτρὶςthree timesτρίς · adverbadverbial to ὁρμήθησανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσχεδὸνat close quartersσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ὁρμήθησανὁρμήθησανrushed togetherὁρμάω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 818
Then Ajax stabbed at the shield balanced evenly on every side,
Metre
ἔνθΑἴαςμὲνἔπειτα‖κατἀσπίδαπάντοσἐΐσην
ἔνθthenἔνθα · adverbadverbial to νύξ̓ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of νύξ̓μὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to νύξ̓κατagainstκατά · prepositionprepositionἀσπίδαthe shieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατ̓πάντοσon every sideπάντοσε · adverbadverbial to ἐΐσηνἐΐσηνbalancedἴσος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδα - 819
but did not reach the flesh, for the breastplate within held him off.
Metre
νύξοὐδὲχρόἵκανεν‖ἔρυτογὰρἔνδοθιθώρηξ
νύξstabbedνύσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχρόfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἵκανενἵκανενreachedἱκάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔρυτοheld backῥύομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔνδοθιwithinἔνδοθι · adverbadverbial to ἔρυτοθώρηξbreastplateθώραξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔρυτο - 820
Then the son of Tydeus, over his great shield,
Metre
Τυδεΐδηςἄρἔπειτα‖ὑπὲρσάκεοςμεγάλοιο
Τυδεΐδηςthe son of TydeusΤυδείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κῦρεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to κῦρεὑπὲρoverὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionσάκεοςshieldσάκος · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to ὑπὲρμεγάλοιοgreatμέγας · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκεος - 821
kept aiming the point of his shining spear at Ajax's neck.
Metre
αἰὲνἐπαὐχένικῦρε‖φαεινοῦδουρὸςἀκωκῇ
αἰὲνalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to κῦρεἐπatἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐχένιneckαὐχήν · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπ̓κῦρεaimedκυρέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφαεινοῦshiningφαεινός · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὸςδουρὸςof the spearδόρυ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies ἀκωκῇἀκωκῇwith the pointἀκωκή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to κῦρε - 822
Then the Achaeans, greatly fearing for Ajax,
Metre
καὶτότεδήΑἴαντι‖περιδείσαντεςἈχαιοὶ
καὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to ἐκέλευσανδήthen indeedδή · particleemphasizing particleῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΑἴαντιfor AjaxΑἴας · dative singular masculine nounobject of περιδείσαντεςπεριδείσαντεςgreatly fearingπεριδείδω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐκέλευσανἈχαιοὶthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐκέλευσαν - 823
ordered them to stop and take up equal prizes.
Metre
παυσαμένουςἐκέλευσαν‖ἀέθλιαἶσἀνελέσθαι
παυσαμένουςto ceaseπαύω · aorist middle participle, accusative plural masculineadverbial to ἀνελέσθαιἐκέλευσανorderedκελεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀέθλιαprizesἀέθλιον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀνελέσθαιἶσequalἴσος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἀέθλιαἀνελέσθαιto take upἀναιρέω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of ἐκέλευσαν - 824
But the hero gave the great sword to the son of Tydeus,
Metre
αὐτὰρΤυδεΐδῃ‖δῶκενμέγαφάσγανονἥρως
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleΤυδεΐδῃto Tydeus's sonΤυδείδης · dative singular masculine nounobject of δῶκενδῶκενgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαthe greatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies φάσγανονφάσγανονswordφάσγανον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δῶκενἥρωςthe heroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δῶκεν - 825
bringing it with its sheath and well-cut baldric;
Metre
σὺνκολεῷτεφέρων‖καὶἐϋτμήτῳτελαμῶνι
σὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionκολεῷits sheathκολεόν · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleφέρωνbringingφέρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δῶκενκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐϋτμήτῳwell-cutἐύτμητος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τελαμῶνιτελαμῶνιbaldricτελαμών · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to καὶ - 826
Then Peleus' son set out a solid-cast iron weight,
Metre
αὐτὰρΠηλεΐδης‖θῆκενσόλοναὐτοχόωνον
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θῆκενθῆκενsetτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσόλονsolid iron weightσόλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θῆκεναὐτοχόωνονsolid-castαὐτοχόωνος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies σόλον - 827
which the mighty strength of Eetion once used to throw;
Metre
ὃνπρὶνμὲνῥίπτασκε‖μέγασθένοςἨετίωνος
ὃνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ῥίπτασκεπρὶνonceπρίν · adverbadverbial to ῥίπτασκεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleῥίπτασκεflungῥίπτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing σόλονμέγαthe greatμέγας · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σθένοςσθένοςthe strengthσθένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ῥίπτασκεἨετίωνοςof EetionἨετίων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σθένος - 828
but swift-footed godlike Achilles had killed him
Metre
ἀλλἤτοιτὸνἔπεφνε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleἤτοιindeedἤτοι · particlesentence particleτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔπεφνεἔπεφνεkilledθείνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ - 829
and brought it in his ships with his other possessions.
τὸνitὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἄγετ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄγετbroughtἄγω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionνήεσσιhis shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionἄλλοισιotherἄλλος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κτεάτεσσικτεάτεσσιpossessionsκτέαρ · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺν - 830
He stood upright and spoke a word among the Argives:
Metre
στῆὀρθὸςκαὶμῦθον‖ἐνἈργείοισινἔειπεν
στῆhe stoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρθὸςstandingὀρθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμῦθονa wordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπενἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionἈργείοισινamong the ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἔειπενhe spokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 831
"Rise, you who will make trial of this contest.
Metre
ὄρνυσθοἳκαὶτούτου‖ἀέθλουπειρήσεσθε
ὄρνυσθriseὄρνυμι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbοἳyou whoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of πειρήσεσθεκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτούτουof thisοὗτος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀέθλουἀέθλουcontestἆθλος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of πειρήσεσθεπειρήσεσθεwill make trialπειράω · future middle indicative, 2nd plural verbverb of a clause describing - 832
Even if the winner's rich fields lie very far away,
Metre
εἴοἱκαὶμάλαπολλὸν‖ἀπόπροθιπίονεςἀγροί
εἴeven ifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbialκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleπολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀπόπροθιἀπόπροθιawayἀπόπροθι · adverbadverbialπίονεςrichπίων · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγροίἀγροίfieldsἀγρός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject - 833
he will have this to use through five revolving years;
Metre
ἕξειμινκαὶπέντε‖περιπλομένουςἐνιαυτοὺς
ἕξειwill haveἔχω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμινitμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἕξεικαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleπέντεfiveπέντε · numeralmodifies ἐνιαυτοὺςπεριπλομένουςrevolvingπεριπέλομαι · present medio-passive participle, accusative plural masculinemodifies ἐνιαυτοὺςἐνιαυτοὺςyearsἐνιαυτός · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἕξει - 834
for neither his shepherd nor his plowman, lacking iron,
χρεώμενοςusing itχράομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕξειοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱfor himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of εἶσ̓ἀτεμβόμενόςbeing deprivedἀτέμβω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶσ̓γεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleσιδήρουironσίδηρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀτεμβόμενός - 835
will go into town; the weight itself will supply them."
Metre
ποιμὴνοὐδἀροτὴρ‖εἶσἐςπόλινἀλλὰπαρέξει
ποιμὴνshepherdποιμήν · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ἀροτὴρplowmanἀροτήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓εἶσwill goεἶμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπόλινthe cityπόλις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐςἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordπαρέξειit will provideπαρέχω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 836
So he spoke, and then Polypoetes steadfast in battle arose,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὦρτοἔπειτα‖μενεπτόλεμοςΠολυποίτης
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὦρτοaroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ὦρτομενεπτόλεμοςsteadfast in battleμενεπτόλεμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠολυποίτηςΠολυποίτηςPolypoetesΠολυποίτης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτο - 837
and the mighty strength of godlike Leonteus stood up,
Metre
ἂνδὲΛεοντῆος‖κρατερὸνμένοςἀντιθέοιο
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleΛεοντῆοςLeonteusΛεοντεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μένοςκρατερὸνmightyκρατερός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένοςμένοςstrengthμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubjectἀντιθέοιοgodlikeἀντίθεος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Λεοντῆος - 838
and Ajax, son of Telamon, and godlike Epeius.
Metre
ἂνΑἴαςΤελαμωνιάδης‖καὶδῖοςἘπειός
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶΤελαμωνιάδηςson of TelamonΤελαμωνιάδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴαςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἘπειόςἘπειόςEpeiusἘπειός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 839
They stood in order, and godlike Epeius took the weight,
ἑξείηςin successionἑξείης · adverbadverbial to ἵσταντοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἵσταντοstoodἵστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσόλονsolid iron weightσόλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἕλεδandδέ · particlesentence particleἕλεtookαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἘπειόςἘπειόςEpeiusἘπειός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἕλε - 840
whirled it and let it fly; and all the Achaeans laughed.
Metre
ἧκεδὲδινήσας‖γέλασανἐπὶπάντεςἈχαιοί
ἧκεlet it flyἵημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδινήσαςhaving whirled itδινεύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἧκεγέλασανlaughedγελάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπὶat himἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοίἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of γέλασαν - 841
Leonteus, scion of Ares, cast it second;
Metre
δεύτεροςαὖτἀφέηκε‖ΛεοντεὺςὄζοςἌρηος
δεύτεροςsecondδεύτερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἀφέηκεcast itἀφίημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΛεοντεὺςLeonteusΛεοντεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀφέηκεὄζοςscionὄζος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΛεοντεὺςἌρηοςof AresἌρης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὄζος - 842
then great Ajax, son of Telamon, threw it third
Metre
τὸτρίτοναὖτἔρριψε‖μέγαςΤελαμώνιοςΑἴας
τὸfor theὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies τρίτοντρίτονthird timeτρίτος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἔρριψεαὖτthenαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἔρριψεflungῥίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαςgreatμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΤελαμώνιοςson of TelamonΤελαμώνιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔρριψε - 843
from his strong hand and passed the marks of all the others.
Metre
χειρὸςἄποστιβαρῆς‖καὶὑπέρβαλεσήματαπάντων
χειρὸςfrom his handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἄποἄποaway fromἀπό · prepositionprepositionστιβαρῆςstrongστιβαρός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies χειρὸςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὑπέρβαλεoutthrewὑπερβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσήματαmarksσῆμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπέρβαλεπάντωνof everyoneπᾶς · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies σήματα - 844
But when Polypoetes steadfast in battle took the weight,
Metre
ἀλλὅτεδὴσόλονεἷλε‖μενεπτόλεμοςΠολυποίτης
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to εἷλεδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleσόλονsolid iron weightσόλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἷλεεἷλεtookαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὑπέρβαλεμενεπτόλεμοςsteadfast in battleμενεπτόλεμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠολυποίτηςΠολυποίτηςPolypoetesΠολυποίτης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἷλε - 845
as far as a herdsman hurls his throwing staff,
Metre
ὅσσόντίςἔρριψε‖καλαύροπαβουκόλοςἀνήρ
ὅσσόνas far asὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to δέτίςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἀνήρτeverτε · particlesentence particleἔρριψεhurledῥίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δέκαλαύροπαthrowing staffκαλαῦροψ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔρριψεβουκόλοςherdsmanβουκόλος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἀνήρἀνήρa manἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔρριψε - 846
and it flies spinning through the herd of cattle,
Metre
ἣδέἑλισσομένη‖πέτεταιδιὰβοῦςἀγελαίας
ἣand itὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of πέτεταιδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθandτε · particlesentence particleἑλισσομένηspinningἑλίσσω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to πέτεταιπέτεταιfliesπέτομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δέδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionβοῦςcattleβοῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of διὰἀγελαίαςherdἀγελαῖος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies βοῦς - 847
so far he outthrew the whole gathering; and the people shouted.
Metre
τόσσονπαντὸςἀγῶνος‖ὑπέρβαλετοὶδὲβόησαν
τόσσονso farτόσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ὑπέρβαλεπαντὸςthe wholeπᾶς · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀγῶνοςἀγῶνοςthe gatheringἀγών · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ὑπέρβαλεὑπέρβαλεoutthrewὑπερβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοὶthe crowdὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of βόησανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordβόησανshoutedβοάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 848
The companions of mighty Polypoetes rose
ἀνστάντεςroseἀνίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔφερονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἕταροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔφερονΠολυποίταοPolypoetesΠολυποίτης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἕταροικρατεροῖοmightyκρατερός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πολυποίταο - 849
and carried their king's prize to the hollow ships.
Metre
νῆαςἔπιγλαφυρὰς‖ἔφερονβασιλῆοςἄεθλον
νῆαςto the shipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἔπιἔπιtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionγλαφυρὰςhollowγλαφυρός · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαςἔφερονcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβασιλῆοςtheir king'sβασιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔφερον - 850
Then Achilles set out dark iron for the archers,
Metre
αὐτὰρὃτοξευτῇσι‖τίθειἰόεντασίδηρον
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τίθειτοξευτῇσιfor the archersτοξευτής · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to τίθειτίθειsetτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰόενταdarkἰόεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies σίδηρονσίδηρονironσίδηρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τίθει - 851
laying down ten axes and ten half-axes,
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐτίθειsetτίθημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέκαtenδέκα · numeralmodifies πελέκεαςμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleπελέκεαςaxesπέλεκυς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δ̓δέκαtenδέκα · numeralmodifies ἡμιπέλεκκαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡμιπέλεκκαhalf-axesἡμιπέλεκκον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of δ̓ - 852
and he raised the mast of a dark-prowed ship
ἱστὸνmastἱστός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔστησενδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔστησενraisedἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνηὸςof a shipναῦς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἱστὸνκυανοπρῴροιοdark-prowedκυανόπρῳρος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies νηὸς - 853
far off on the sands, and from it a trembling dove
Metre
τηλοῦἐπὶψαμάθοις‖ἐκδὲτρήρωναπέλειαν
τηλοῦfar offτηλοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἔστησενἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionψαμάθοιςthe sandsψάμαθος · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶἐκfrom itἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτρήρωναtremblingτρήρων · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πέλειανπέλειανdoveπέλεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δῆσεν - 854
he tied by the foot with a slender cord, and ordered them
Metre
λεπτῇμηρίνθῳ‖δῆσενποδόςἧςἄρἀνώγει
λεπτῇfineλεπτός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μηρίνθῳμηρίνθῳwith a cordμήρινθος · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to δῆσενδῆσενtiedδέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδόςby the footπούς · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to δῆσενἧςat whichὅς · genitive singular feminine pronounobject of τοξεύεινἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἀνώγειhe orderedἄνωγα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing πέλειαν - 855
to shoot at her. Whoever strikes the trembling dove
Metre
τοξεύεινὃςμέν‖κεβάλῃτρήρωναπέλειαν
τοξεύεινto shootτοξεύω · present active infinitiveobject of ἀνώγειὃςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of βάλῃμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκεshouldἄν · particlesentence particleβάλῃstrikesβάλλω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbsubject of φερέσθωτρήρωναtremblingτρήρων · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πέλειανπέλειανdoveπέλεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βάλῃ - 856
shall lift all the axes and carry them home;
πάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies πελέκεαςἀειράμενοςhaving liftedἀείρω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to φερέσθωπελέκεαςaxesπέλεκυς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀειράμενοςοἶκονhomeοἶκος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φερέσθωδὲandδέ · particleemphasizing particleφερέσθωlet him carryφέρω · present medio-passive imperative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 857
but whoever strikes the cord and misses the bird,
Metre
ὃςδέκεμηρίνθοιο‖τύχῃὄρνιθοςἁμαρτών
ὃςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τύχῃδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκεshouldἄν · particlesentence particleμηρίνθοιοthe cordμήρινθος · genitive singular feminine nounobject of τύχῃτύχῃstriking trueτυγχάνω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ὃὄρνιθοςthe birdὄρνις · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἁμαρτώνἁμαρτώνmissingἁμαρτάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τύχῃ - 858
being the poorer shot, shall carry off the half-axes.
Metre
ἥσσωνγὰρδὴκεῖνος‖ὃοἴσεταιἡμιπέλεκκα
ἥσσωνweakerἥσσων · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounγὰρforγάρ · particlesubordinating conjunctionδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleκεῖνοςheκεῖνος · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectὃthe otherὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of οἴσεταιδandδέ · particlesentence particleοἴσεταιshall carry offφέρω · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἡμιπέλεκκαhalf-axesἡμιπέλεκκον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of οἴσεται - 859
So he spoke, and then the strength of lord Teucer arose,
Metre
ὣςἔφατὦρτοἔπειτα‖βίηΤεύκροιοἄνακτος
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὦρτοaroseὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ὦρτοβίηthe strengthβία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὦρτοΤεύκροιοof TeucerΤεῦκρος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βίηἄνακτοςof the lordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Τεύκροιο - 860
and Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus, stood up.
Metre
ἂνἄραΜηριόνης‖θεράπωνἐῢςἸδομενῆος
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηριόνηςἐῢςgoodἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θεράπωνἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπων - 861
They took lots and shook them in a bronze-fitted helmet,
Metre
κλήρουςἐνκυνέῃ‖χαλκήρεϊπάλλονἑλόντες
κλήρουςlotsκλῆρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of πάλλονδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκυνέῃa helmetκυνέη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνχαλκήρεϊbronze-fittedχαλκήρης · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κυνέῃπάλλονshookπάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἑλόντεςhaving taken themαἱρέω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to πάλλον - 862
and Teucer won first place by lot; at once he loosed his arrow
Metre
Τεῦκροςδὲπρῶτος‖κλήρῳλάχεναὐτίκαἰὸν
ΤεῦκροςTeucerΤεῦκρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάχενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκλήρῳby lotκλῆρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to λάχενλάχενdrewλαγχάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to ἧκενδandδέ · particlesentence particleἰὸνarrowἰός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἧκεν - 863
with force, but he had not vowed to the lord
Metre
ἧκενἐπικρατέως‖οὐδἠπείλησενἄνακτι
ἧκενshotἵημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπικρατέωςforcefullyἐπικρατής · adverbadverbial to ἧκενἠπείλησενvowedἀπειλέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄνακτιto the lordἄναξ · dative singular masculine nounobject of ῥέξειν - 864
that he would offer a glorious hecatomb of firstling lambs
Metre
ἀρνῶνπρωτογόνων‖ῥέξεινκλειτὴνἑκατόμβην
ἀρνῶνof lambsἀρνός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἑκατόμβηνπρωτογόνωνfirstlingπρωτόγονος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρνῶνῥέξεινhe would offerῥέζω · future active infinitiveobject of ἠπείλησενκλειτὴνgloriousκλειτός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἑκατόμβηνἑκατόμβηνhecatombἑκατόμβη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ῥέξειν - 865
He missed the bird, for Apollo denied him that;
Metre
ὄρνιθοςμὲνἅμαρτε‖μέγηρεγάροἱτόἈπόλλων
ὄρνιθοςthe birdὄρνις · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἅμαρτεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἅμαρτεmissedἁμαρτάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγηρεdeniedμεγαίρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of μέγηρετόfor himὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of μέγηρεγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μέγηρε - 866
but he struck beside her foot the cord that bound the bird,
Metre
αὐτὰρὃμήρινθον‖βάλεπὰρπόδατῇδέδετὄρνις
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of βάλεμήρινθονcordμήρινθος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βάλεβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπὰρbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionπόδαher footπούς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to πὰρτῇwith whichὁ · dative singular feminine pronounobject of δέδετ̓δέδετwas boundδέω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing μήρινθονὄρνιςthe birdὄρνις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of δέδετ̓ - 867
and the bitter arrow cut straight through the cord.
Metre
ἀντικρὺἀπὸμήρινθον‖τάμεπικρὸςὀϊστός
ἀντικρὺstraight throughἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to τάμεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπὸoffἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleμήρινθονcordμήρινθος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of τάμετάμεcut throughτέμνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπικρὸςbitterπικρός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀϊστόςὀϊστόςarrowὀιστός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τάμε - 868
The dove darted up toward the sky, while the cord
Metre
ἣμὲνἔπειτἤϊξε‖πρὸςοὐρανόνἣδὲπαρείθη
ἣsheὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἤϊξεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔπειτthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἤϊξεἤϊξεdartedἀίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπρὸςtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionοὐρανόνto the skyοὐρανός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πρὸςἣitὁ · nominative singular feminine articlemodifies μήρινθοςδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπαρείθηfellπαρίημι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 869
hung down toward the ground; and the Achaeans shouted.
Metre
μήρινθοςποτὶγαῖαν‖ἀτὰρκελάδησανἈχαιοί
μήρινθοςcordμήρινθος · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of παρείθηποτὶtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionγαῖανthe groundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ποτὶἀτὰρand yetἀτάρ · particlesentence particleκελάδησανshoutedκελαδέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἈχαιοίthe AchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of κελάδησαν - 870
Meriones hurried and snatched the bow from his hand,
σπερχόμενοςin hasteσπέρχω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐξείρυσεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξείρυσεἐξείρυσεdrew outἐξερύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχειρὸςfrom his handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐξείρυσε - 871
while he had long held his arrow ready to take aim.
Metre
τόξονἀτὰρδὴὀϊστὸν‖ἔχενπάλαιὡςἴθυνεν
τόξονhis bowτόξον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐξείρυσεἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleὀϊστὸνarrowὀιστός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔχενἔχενhe heldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπάλαιlongπάλαι · adverbadverbial to ἔχενὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to ἴθυνενἴθυνενaimedἰθύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἔχεν - 872
At once he vowed to far-shooting Apollo
Metre
αὐτίκαἠπείλησεν‖ἑκηβόλῳἈπόλλωνι
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to ἠπείλησενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἠπείλησενvowedἀπειλέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑκηβόλῳfar-shootingἑκηβόλος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈπόλλωνιἈπόλλωνιto ApolloἈπόλλων · dative singular masculine nounobject of ῥέξειν - 873
that he would offer a glorious hecatomb of firstling lambs
Metre
ἀρνῶνπρωτογόνων‖ῥέξεινκλειτὴνἑκατόμβην
ἀρνῶνof lambsἀρνός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἑκατόμβηνπρωτογόνωνfirstlingπρωτόγονος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρνῶνῥέξεινhe would offerῥέζω · future active infinitiveobject of ἠπείλησενκλειτὴνgloriousκλειτός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἑκατόμβηνἑκατόμβηνhecatombἑκατόμβη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ῥέξειν - 874
High beneath the clouds he saw the trembling dove,
ὕψιhighὕψι · adverbadverbial to εἶδεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionνεφέωνcloudsνέφος · genitive plural neuter nounadverbial to ὑπὸεἶδεhe sawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτρήρωναtremblingτρήρων · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πέλειανπέλειανdoveπέλεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of εἶδε - 875
and struck her as she wheeled, beneath the middle of her wing.
Metre
τῇὅγεδινεύουσαν‖ὑπὸπτέρυγοςβάλεμέσσην
τῇat herτῇ · adverbadverbial to βάλεῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of βάλεγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleδινεύουσανas she wheeledδινεύω · present active participle, accusative singular femininecircumstantial complementὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionπτέρυγοςthe wingπτέρυξ · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὸβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέσσηνin the middleμέσος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies - 876
The shaft passed straight through; then it came back down to earth
Metre
ἀντικρὺδὲδιῆλθε‖βέλοςτὸμὲνἂψἐπὶγαίῃ
ἀντικρὺstraight throughἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to διῆλθεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδιῆλθεpassed throughδιέρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβέλοςshaftβέλος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of διῆλθετὸitὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of πάγημὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἂψbackἄψ · adverbadverbial to πάγηἐπὶontoἐπί · prepositionprepositionγαίῃthe earthγαῖα · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 877
and stuck before Meriones' foot. But the bird
Metre
πρόσθενΜηριόναο‖πάγηποδόςαὐτὰρἣὄρνις
πρόσθενbeforeπρόσθεν · prepositionprepositionΜηριόναοof MerionesΜηριόνης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ποδόςπάγηstuckπήγνυμι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδόςfootπούς · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to πρόσθεναὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleἣtheὁ · nominative singular feminine articlemodifies ὄρνιςὄρνιςbirdὄρνις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἀπεκρέμασεν - 878
perched upon the mast of the dark-prowed ship,
Metre
ἱστῷἐφεζομένη‖νηὸςκυανοπρῴροιο
ἱστῷmastἱστός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐφεζομένηἐφεζομένηperchedἐφέζομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἀπεκρέμασεννηὸςof a shipναῦς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἱστῷκυανοπρῴροιοdark-prowedκυανόπρῳρος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies νηὸς - 879
let her neck hang down, and her close feathers drooped together.
Metre
αὐχένἀπεκρέμασεν‖σὺνδὲπτερὰπυκνὰλίασθεν
αὐχένneckαὐχήν · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀπεκρέμασενἀπεκρέμασενlet hang downἀποκρεμάννυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσὺνtogetherσύν · adverbadverbial to λίασθενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπτερὰwingsπτερόν · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of λίασθενπυκνὰcloseπυκνός · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies πτερὰλίασθενfolded togetherλιάζομαι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 880
Swiftly the life flew from her limbs, and far from the mast
Metre
ὠκὺςἐκμελέων‖θυμὸςπτάτοτῆλεἀπαὐτοῦ
ὠκὺςswiftὠκύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionμελέωνlimbsμέλος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἐκθυμὸςthe lifeθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πτάτοπτάτοflewπέτομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτῆλεfar awayτῆλε · adverbadverbial to κάππεσεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionαὐτοῦitαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἀπ̓ - 881
she fell down; the people looked on in wonder and amazement.
Metre
κάππεσελαοὶαὖ‖θηεῦντότεθάμβησάντε
κάππεσεfell downκαταπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλαοὶthe peopleλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of τεδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleθηεῦντόmarveledθεάομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτεandτε · particlesentence particleθάμβησάνwere amazedθαμβέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 882
Then Meriones lifted all ten axes,
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἄειρεπελέκεαςaxesπέλεκυς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἄειρεδέκαtenδέκα · numeralmodifies πελέκεαςπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies πελέκεαςἄειρεliftedἀείρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 883
while Teucer carried the half-axes to the hollow ships.
ΤεῦκροςTeucerΤεῦκρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of φέρενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡμιπέλεκκαhalf-axesἡμιπέλεκκον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of φέρενφέρενcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκοίλαςhollowκοῖλος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαςἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionνῆαςto the shipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐπὶ - 884
Then the son of Peleus laid down a long-shadowed spear
Metre
αὐτὰρΠηλεΐδης‖κατὰμὲνδολιχόσκιονἔγχος
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleΠηλεΐδηςson of PeleusΠηλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectκατὰdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleδολιχόσκιονlong-shadowedδολιχόσκιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject - 885
and set down an unused, flowered cauldron worth an ox,
Metre
κὰδδὲλέβητἄπυρον‖βοὸςἄξιονἀνθεμόεντα
κὰδdownκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordλέβητcauldronλέβης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of θῆκ̓ἄπυρονuntouched by fireἄπυρος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβητ̓βοὸςof an oxβοῦς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἄξιονἄξιονworthἄξιος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβητ̓ἀνθεμόενταfloweredἀνθεμόεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λέβητ̓ - 886
carrying them into the gathering; and the spear-throwers rose.
Metre
θῆκἐςἀγῶναφέρων‖καίἥμονεςἄνδρεςἀνέσταν
θῆκhe placed themτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἀγῶναthe gatheringἀγών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςφέρωνcarryingφέρω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to θῆκ̓καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἥμονεςspear-throwersἥμων · nominative plural masculine nounmodifies ἄνδρεςἄνδρεςthe menἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀνέστανἀνέστανroseἀνίστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 887
The wide-ruling lord Agamemnon, son of Atreus, stood up,
Metre
ἂνμὲνἄρἈτρεΐδης‖εὐρὺκρείωνἈγαμέμνων
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἈτρεΐδηςthe son of AtreusἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀγαμέμνωνεὐρὺwide-rulingεὐρύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to κρείωνκρείωνruling lordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈγαμέμνωνἈγαμέμνωνAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 888
and Meriones, the good companion of Idomeneus, arose.
Metre
ἂνἄραΜηριόνης‖θεράπωνἐῢςἸδομενῆος
ἂνupἀνά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ,θεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ,ἐῢςgoodἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θεράπωνἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπων - 889
Then swift-footed godlike Achilles spoke among them:
Metre
τοῖσιδὲκαὶμετέειπε‖ποδάρκηςδῖοςἈχιλλεύς
τοῖσιamong themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounobject of μετέειπεδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleμετέειπεspoke among themμετεῖπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbποδάρκηςswift-footedποδαρκής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλλεύςδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχιλλεύςἈχιλλεύςAchillesἈχιλλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μετέειπε - 890
"Son of Atreus, we know how far you have surpassed all others,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδηἴδμεν‖γὰρὅσονπροβέβηκαςἁπάντων
Ἀτρεΐδηson of AtreusἈτρείδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἴδμενwe knowοἶδα · perfect active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὅσονhow farὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to προβέβηκαςπροβέβηκαςyou have surpassedπροβαίνω · perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbobject of ἠδ̓ἁπάντωνall othersἅπας · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of προβέβηκας - 891
and how much you are best in strength and in casting the spear.
Metre
ἠδὅσσονδυνάμει‖τεκαὶἥμασινἔπλευἄριστος
ἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordὅσσονhow muchὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἔπλευδυνάμειin strengthδύναμις · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἥμασινin spear-throwingἧμα · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶἔπλευyou areπέλω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbobject of ἠδ̓ἄριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 892
Take this prize and go to the hollow ships,
Metre
ἀλλὰσὺμὲντόδἄεθλον‖ἔχωνκοίλαςἐπὶνῆας
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔρχευμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτόδthisὅδε · accusative singular neuter pronounmodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔχωνἔχωνtakingἔχω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔρχευκοίλαςhollowκοῖλος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαςἐπὶtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionνῆαςto the shipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐπὶ - 893
and let us give the spear to the hero Meriones,
Metre
ἔρχευἀτὰρδόρυΜηριόνῃ‖ἥρωϊπόρωμεν
ἔρχευgoἔρχομαι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἀτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlecoordinating wordδόρυthe spearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of πόρωμενΜηριόνῃto MerionesΜηριόνης · dative singular masculine nounobject of πόρωμενἥρωϊthe heroἥρως · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηριόνῃπόρωμενgiveπόρω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verb - 894
if your own heart is willing, for this is what I urge."
Metre
εἰσύγεσῷθυμῷ‖ἐθέλοιςκέλομαιγὰρἔγωγε
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionσύyouσύ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐθέλοιςγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleσῷyour ownσός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμῷθυμῷin your heartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐθέλοιςἐθέλοιςyou are willingἐθέλω · present active optative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἰκέλομαιurgeκέλομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κέλομαι - 895
So he spoke, and Agamemnon, lord of men, did not disobey.
Metre
ὣςἔφατοὐδἀπίθησεν‖ἄναξἀνδρῶνἈγαμέμνων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπίθησενdid not disobeyἀπιθέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄναξlordἄναξ · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀγαμέμνωνἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἄναξἈγαμέμνωνAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀπίθησεν - 896
He gave the bronze spear to Meriones; but the hero
Metre
δῶκεδὲΜηριόνῃ‖δόρυχάλκεοναὐτὰρὅἥρως
δῶκεhe gaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΜηριόνῃto MerionesΜηριόνης · dative singular masculine nounobject of δῶκεδόρυspearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δῶκεχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυαὐτὰρbut heἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleὅthe heroὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies ἥρωςγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἥρωςthe heroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δίδου - 897
gave the splendid prize to Talthybius the herald.
Metre
Ταλθυβίῳκήρυκι‖δίδουπερικαλλὲςἄεθλον
Ταλθυβίῳto TalthybiusΤαλθύβιος · dative singular masculine nounobject of δίδουκήρυκιthe heraldκῆρυξ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ταλθυβίῳδίδουgaveδίδωμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπερικαλλὲςsplendidπερικαλλής · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄεθλονἄεθλονprizeἆθλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δίδου
The particulars
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- Ἰλιάς, Homer. The Ransom of Hector.
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- Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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