German · Unit 21
Unit 21: Politisches
Volume 2
In the Political Section of the American Embassy.
Basic Sentences I
- 1
In the Political Section of the American Embassy.
Inin Bonnderthe airportpolitischenpoliticalAbteilungdepartment, sectionderthe airportamerikanischenAmericanBotschaft.embassy - 2
Miss Färber, did you call the office of the (Federal) Foreign Minister?
FräuleinMissFärber,color (plural)habenhaveSiewould you likedassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesaussenministersof the Federal Foreign Ministerangerufen?he has called up - 3
Yes.
Ja.yes - 4
The secretary told me the Foreign Minister wasn't back from his trip yet.
Diethe secretarySekretärinthe secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)mir,me, to mederthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdesof the French authorAuswärtigenMinistry of Foreign Affairswärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück.back
- 5
Did you get the CDU and SPD parliamentary party leaders?
HabenhaveSiewould you likediethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)derthe airportCDUChristian Democratic Unionundandderthe airportSPDSocial Democratic Partyerreicht?reaches - 6
No. Both gentlemen had not yet returned from their party meetings.
Nein.noBeidebothHerrengentlemen (pl)warenwere younochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofihrenyourFraktionssitzungenparliamentary party meetingszurück.back
- 7
Probably both sides are preparing (themselves) for the foreign policy debate.
Wahrscheinlichprobablybereiten(they) prepare (sich vorbereiten)sichto get used (to something)beidebothSeitenside (plural)aufin Germandiethe embassyaussenpolitscheforeign-policy (print slip for aussenpolitische)Debattedebatevor.you plan to do - 8
It looks as though we would have to wait until after the debate with our report.
Esitsiehtsees (he, she, it)sosoaus,out of, fromalsthanmüsstenought to, shouldwirwe havemitsausage and sauerkrautunseremour (dative)Berichtreportbisto, untilnachto, towardderthe airportDebattedebatewarten.was - 9
In the Political Section of the American Embassy.
Inin Bonnderthe airportpolitischenpoliticalAbteilungdepartment, sectionderthe airportamerikanischenAmericanBotschaft.embassy - 10
Miss Färber, did you call the office of the (Federal) Foreign Minister?
FräuleinMissFärber,color (plural)habenhaveSiewould you likedassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesaussenministersof the Federal Foreign Ministerangerufen?he has called up - 11
Yes.
Ja.yes - 12
The secretary told me the Foreign Minister wasn't back from his trip yet.
Diethe secretarySekretärinthe secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)mir,me, to mederthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdesof the French authorAuswärtigenMinistry of Foreign Affairswärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück.back - 13
Did you get the CDU and SPD parliamentary party leaders?
HabenhaveSiewould you likediethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)derthe airportCDUChristian Democratic Unionundandderthe airportSPDSocial Democratic Partyerreicht?reaches - 14
No. Both gentlemen had not yet returned from their party meetings.
Nein.noBeidebothHerrengentlemen (pl)warenwere younochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofihrenyourFraktionssitzungenparliamentary party meetingszurück.back - 15
Probably both sides are preparing (themselves) for the foreign policy debate.
Wahrscheinlichprobablybereiten(they) prepare (sich vorbereiten)sichto get used (to something)beidebothSeitenside (plural)aufin Germandiethe embassyaussenpolitscheforeign-policy (print slip for aussenpolitische)Debattedebatevor.you plan to do - 16
It looks as though we would have to wait until after the debate with our report.
Esitsiehtsees (he, she, it)sosoaus,out of, fromalsthanmüsstenought to, shouldwirwe havemitsausage and sauerkrautunseremour (dative)Berichtreportbisto, untilnachto, towardderthe airportDebattedebatewarten.was
- Seiten
- the side
Basic Sentences II
- 17
In the 'Bundestag' restaurant.
Imin theBundestagsrestaurant.the Bundestag restaurant - 18
People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Manone, yousprichtspeaks (he, she, it)davon,of it, fromderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen)
- Innenminister
- the Minister of the Interior
- Rücktrittsgesuch
- the letter of resignation
- 19
That's possible. He had a two-hour conference with the Federal Chancellor yesterday.
Dasthatistismöglich.possibleErhe, ithattehadgesternyesterdayeineone Markzweistündigetwo-hourUnterredungconversation, (private) conferencemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBundeskanzler.Federal Chancellor - 20
Whether things really do go as far as his resignation [or not] of course is another matter.
Obwhetheresitwirklichreallyzuto be declaredseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationkommt,comes (he, she, it)istisallerdingsto be sureeineone MarkandereotherFrage.ask (I) - 21
Well, plenty of pressure was put on him from all sides all right.
Nun,now, wellerhe, itwurdehe, it will bejayesvonofallenAllenSeitenside (plural)ganzcertainly, all rightschöncertainly, all rightunterunder, atDruckthe pressuregesetzt.set (he, she, it)
- ist
- things go as far as
- allerdings
- of course, to be sure
- Nun
- well
- schön
- certainly, all right
- 22
Not the least of which being that he was accused by his colleagues of having taken a position too completely at odds with the government point of view in one of his election speeches.
Nichtlast but not leastzuletztlast but not leastwurdehe, it will beihmhimvonofseinenhis (accusative)Kollegencolleague (acc/dat)vorgeworfen,reproached (vorwerfen)erhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)sichto get used (to something)inin Bonneinera (dative)Wahlredecampaign speechzuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanziert.take a position at odds with, divorce oneself from
- zuletzt
- last, least
- Standpunkt
- the point of view, position
- 23
In interested circles people are certainly speculating already as to what effect the Minister's resignation might have on the elections.
Inin Bonninteressiertenbe interested inKreisencirclestellthe introducesmanone, yousichersurely, certainlyschonalready, beforeSpekulationenspeculation (plural)darüberabout it, about theman,at, onwiehowsichto get used (to something)derretirement, resignationRücktrittretirement, resignationdesof the French authorMinistersminister, secretaryaufin Germandiethe embassyWahlenelection (plural)auswirkenhave an effect (on)könnte.to be able to - 24
I'm positive his party has already made provisions for [another] position for him in case he really should withdraw from the cabinet.
IchIbinamüberzeugt,convinced, positivedassthatseinehis new addressParteipartyschonalready, beforeeinena walkPostenposition, jobfürforihnhimvorgesehenprovided for (vorsehen)hat,haves (he, she, it)fallsin case, iferhe, itwirklichreallyausout of, fromdemwith the waiterKabinettcabinetausscheidendrop out of, withdraw fromsollte.he is supposed to - 25
My opinion is that he'll retire from politics altogether.
Meinesof myErachtensin your opinionwirdhe, it will beerhe, itsichto get used (to something)überhauptat all, anyhowausout of, fromderthe airportPolitikpolitics, policyzurückziehen.withdraw, retire - 26
In the 'Bundestag' restaurant.
Imin theBundestagsrestaurant.the Bundestag restaurant - 27
People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Manone, yousprichtspeaks (he, she, it)davon,of it, fromderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen) - 28
That's possible. He had a two-hour conference with the Federal Chancellor yesterday.
Dasthatistismöglich.possibleErhe, ithattehadgesternyesterdayeineone Markzweistündigetwo-hourUnterredungconversation, (private) conferencemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBundeskanzler.Federal Chancellor - 29
Whether things really do go as far as his resignation [or not] of course is another matter.
Obwhetheresitwirklichreallyzuto be declaredseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationkommt,comes (he, she, it)istisallerdingsto be sureeineone MarkandereotherFrage.ask (I) - 30
Well, plenty of pressure was put on him from all sides all right.
Nun,now, wellerhe, itwurdehe, it will bejayesvonofallenAllenSeitenside (plural)ganzcertainly, all rightschöncertainly, all rightunterunder, atDruckthe pressuregesetzt.set (he, she, it) - 31
Not the least of which being that he was accused by his colleagues of having taken a position too completely at odds with the government point of view in one of his election speeches.
Nichtlast but not leastzuletztlast but not leastwurdehe, it will beihmhimvonofseinenhis (accusative)Kollegencolleague (acc/dat)vorgeworfen,reproached (vorwerfen)erhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)sichto get used (to something)inin Bonneinera (dative)Wahlredecampaign speechzuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanziert.take a position at odds with, divorce oneself from - 32
In interested circles people are certainly speculating already as to what effect the Minister's resignation might have on the elections.
Inin Bonninteressiertenbe interested inKreisencirclestellthe introducesmanone, yousichersurely, certainlyschonalready, beforeSpekulationenspeculation (plural)darüberabout it, about theman,at, onwiehowsichto get used (to something)derretirement, resignationRücktrittretirement, resignationdesof the French authorMinistersminister, secretaryaufin Germandiethe embassyWahlenelection (plural)auswirkenhave an effect (on)könnte.to be able to - 33
I'm positive his party has already made provisions for [another] position for him in case he really should withdraw from the cabinet.
IchIbinamüberzeugt,convinced, positivedassthatseinehis new addressParteipartyschonalready, beforeeinena walkPostenposition, jobfürforihnhimvorgesehenprovided for (vorsehen)hat,haves (he, she, it)fallsin case, iferhe, itwirklichreallyausout of, fromdemwith the waiterKabinettcabinetausscheidendrop out of, withdraw fromsollte.he is supposed to - 34
My opinion is that he'll retire from politics altogether.
Meinesof myErachtensin your opinionwirdhe, it will beerhe, itsichto get used (to something)überhauptat all, anyhowausout of, fromderthe airportPolitikpolitics, policyzurückziehen.withdraw, retire
- Spekulationen
- the speculation
- überzeugt
- convinced, positive
- falls
- in case, if
- aus
- to drop out of, withdraw from
- überhaupt
- altogether, entirely, at all
Basic Sentences III
- 35
Interview in one of the Federal Ministries.
Interview(journalistic) interviewinin Bonneinema (dative)Bundesministerium.Federal Ministry - 36
Mr. Minister, you said at the election rally last night that you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
HerrMr.Minister,minister, secretarySiewould you likesagtensay, tell (du-command of sagen)gesternyesterday eveningabendyesterday eveningaufin Germanderthe airportWahlkundgebung,election rallySiewould you likewürdenwouldfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 37
This morning's press is already attacking you vehemently for this.
Diethe embassyMorgenpressemorning pressgreiftattacks (angreifen: greift ... an)Siewould you likedeshalbtherefore, that's whybereitsalreadyheftigviolent, severe, vehementan.at, on - 38
If I had not been criticized it would have surprised me.
Wärewould beichInichtnot ... eitherkritisiertcriticizeworden,(future auxiliary)hätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)esitmichme (acc)erstaunt.amazed, surprised
- für
- to stand up for, work toward, in behalf of
- heftig
- violent, severe, vehement
- 39
It seems as though neither management nor labor were exactly overjoyed by your proposal.
Esitscheint,shines (scheinen)alsthanwärenyou would be, you werewederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborvonofIhremin your carVorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt.overjoyed, delighted, charmed - 40
The gentlemen will have to think it over.
Diethe embassyHerrengentlemen (pl)werden(future auxiliary)esitsichto get used (to something)überlegenconsider, reflect onmüssen.to have to
- noch
- neither ... nor
- Arbeitgeber
- the employer, (pl) management
- Arbeitnehmer
- the employee, worker, (pl) labor
- entzückt
- overjoyed, delighted, charmed
- 41
I have always insisted that constructive cooperation of both partners in the social order must come about.
IchIhabehave (I)immeralwaysbetont,emphasize, insistdassthatesitzuto be declaredeinera (dative)konstruktivenconstructiveZusammenarbeitcooperationbeiderbothSozialpartnerthe two sides of industry (employers and unions)kommenwhere do you come from?muss.must, have to (I, he, she, it)
- Zusammenarbeit
- the cooperation
- 42
Bur Mr. Minister, would the carrying out of your proposal not lead to loss of income?
AberbutHerrMr.Minister,minister, secretarywürdeI would likediecarrying outDurchführungcarrying outIhrerher, their (dative)Vorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)nichtnot ... eitherzuto be declaredLohnausfällenlosses of wagesführen?lead, take, bring - 43
And would the workers not have to contend with a drop in the standard of living?
UndandhättenI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)diethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) labornichtnot ... eitherdadurchthereby, by thatmitsausage and sauerkrauteinema (dative)Absinkendropderthe airportLebenshaltungstandard of livingzuto be declaredrechnen?reckon with, count on
- Durchführung
- the carrying out
- Absinken
- the drop
- Lebenshaltung
- the standard of living
- 44
If the reductions in working hours already put into practice in various countries of the EEC had really effected serious damage anywhere at all I would be the last one to make such a suggestion.
Fallsin case, ifdiethe embassyinin Bonnverschiedenenvarious, differentLänderncountries (plural of das Land)derthe airportEWGEuropean Economic Community (EEC)bereitsalreadydurchgeführtencarried out (durchführen)Arbeitszeitverkürzungenreductions of working hourswirklichreallyirgendwosomewhereernsteseriousSchädenharm, damage (plural)gezeitigttimely, on timehätten,I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)wärewould beichIderthe airportLetzte,lastderthe airportsolchesuchVorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)machenmake, dowürde.I would like - 45
Is that the view of other members of the cabinet as well?
Istisdasthatauchalso, toodieview, opinionAnsichtview, opinionandererotherKabinettsmitglieder?cabinet members - 46
Don't forget that I was not speaking as the incumbent minister at this election rally but as the representative of my party for the coming election.
VergessenforgetSiewould you likenicht,not ... eitherdassthatichIaufin GermandieserthisWahlkundgebungelection rallyjayesnichtnot ... eitheralsthanderzeitigerpresent, incumbentMinisterminister, secretarysprach,spoke (sprechen)sondernbut ratheralsthanVertreterrepresentativemeinermyParteipartyfürfordiethe embassykommendecoming (kommend)Wahl.election - 47
Interview in one of the Federal Ministries.
Interview(journalistic) interviewinin Bonneinema (dative)Bundesministerium.Federal Ministry - 48
Mr. Minister, you said at the election rally last night that you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
HerrMr.Minister,minister, secretarySiewould you likesagtensay, tell (du-command of sagen)gesternyesterday eveningabendyesterday eveningaufin Germanderthe airportWahlkundgebung,election rallySiewould you likewürdenwouldfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 49
This morning's press is already attacking you vehemently for this.
Diethe embassyMorgenpressemorning pressgreiftattacks (angreifen: greift ... an)Siewould you likedeshalbtherefore, that's whybereitsalreadyheftigviolent, severe, vehementan.at, on - 50
If I had not been criticized it would have surprised me.
Wärewould beichInichtnot ... eitherkritisiertcriticizeworden,(future auxiliary)hätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)esitmichme (acc)erstaunt.amazed, surprised - 51
It seems as though neither management nor labor were exactly overjoyed by your proposal.
Esitscheint,shines (scheinen)alsthanwärenyou would be, you werewederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborvonofIhremin your carVorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt.overjoyed, delighted, charmed - 52
The gentlemen will have to think it over.
Diethe embassyHerrengentlemen (pl)werden(future auxiliary)esitsichto get used (to something)überlegenconsider, reflect onmüssen.to have to - 53
I have always insisted that constructive cooperation of both partners in the social order must come about.
IchIhabehave (I)immeralwaysbetont,emphasize, insistdassthatesitzuto be declaredeinera (dative)konstruktivenconstructiveZusammenarbeitcooperationbeiderbothSozialpartnerthe two sides of industry (employers and unions)kommenwhere do you come from?muss.must, have to (I, he, she, it) - 54
Bur Mr. Minister, would the carrying out of your proposal not lead to loss of income?
AberbutHerrMr.Minister,minister, secretarywürdeI would likediecarrying outDurchführungcarrying outIhrerher, their (dative)Vorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)nichtnot ... eitherzuto be declaredLohnausfällenlosses of wagesführen?lead, take, bring - 55
And would the workers not have to contend with a drop in the standard of living?
UndandhättenI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)diethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) labornichtnot ... eitherdadurchthereby, by thatmitsausage and sauerkrauteinema (dative)Absinkendropderthe airportLebenshaltungstandard of livingzuto be declaredrechnen?reckon with, count on - 56
If the reductions in working hours already put into practice in various countries of the EEC had really effected serious damage anywhere at all I would be the last one to make such a suggestion.
Fallsin case, ifdiethe embassyinin Bonnverschiedenenvarious, differentLänderncountries (plural of das Land)derthe airportEWGEuropean Economic Community (EEC)bereitsalreadydurchgeführtencarried out (durchführen)Arbeitszeitverkürzungenreductions of working hourswirklichreallyirgendwosomewhereernsteseriousSchädenharm, damage (plural)gezeitigttimely, on timehätten,I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)wärewould beichIderthe airportLetzte,lastderthe airportsolchesuchVorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)machenmake, dowürde.I would like - 57
Is that the view of other members of the cabinet as well?
Istisdasthatauchalso, toodieview, opinionAnsichtview, opinionandererotherKabinettsmitglieder?cabinet members - 58
Don't forget that I was not speaking as the incumbent minister at this election rally but as the representative of my party for the coming election.
VergessenforgetSiewould you likenicht,not ... eitherdassthatichIaufin GermandieserthisWahlkundgebungelection rallyjayesnichtnot ... eitheralsthanderzeitigerpresent, incumbentMinisterminister, secretarysprach,spoke (sprechen)sondernbut ratheralsthanVertreterrepresentativemeinermyParteipartyfürfordiethe embassykommendecoming (kommend)Wahl.election
- EWG
- the European Economic Community (EEC)
- irgendwo
- anywhere at all
- Vertreter
- the representative
The unreal or subjunctive in indirect discourse
Sentences joined by a connector
Two or more sentences can be grouped into one longer sentence. Each part has its own subject and verb and can stand alone.
A compound sentence is a longer sentence made of such parts. Sentence connectors such as und, sondern and denn join them.
Every part has normal word order. Without the connector the result is two shorter sentences, with no change in meaning.
Ich werde unsere Sachen an der Garderobe abgeben, und Sie könnten inzwischen die belegten Brötchen holen. Und joins two parts. Their subjects are ich and Sie.
Sentences with a dependent part
A complex sentence is a longer sentence in which one part depends on another. A main clause is the part that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is a part that cannot.
A dependent clause often begins with a clause introducer, but not always. Clause word order follows every clause introducer.
A clause introducer cannot be left out unless other large changes are made. Then the meaning may change too.
In Bevor Sie Ihr Visum bekommen, werden Sie im Generalkonsulat untersucht und geröntgt, bevor begins the dependent clause. Its verb bekommen comes last.
Exact words
A complex sentence can give the words or thoughts of another person. The main clause names the speaker and the occasion. The dependent part gives the words.
Direct discourse gives the exact words. A direct quotation is the part with those words. No clause introducer begins it.
In writing, quotation marks show the quotation. In Herr Adams sagt zu seiner Sekretärin, the main clause comes first. His exact question to her follows in quotation marks.
Words in paraphrase
Words and thoughts are often given in paraphrase, more or less accurately. Indirect discourse gives words in paraphrase. An indirect quotation is the dependent part with the paraphrase.
An indirect quotation needs no quotation marks. A clause introducer may begin it or not.
Ich dachte, Sie wären noch im Urlaub has no clause introducer.
In the question Können Sie mir übrigens sagen, ob man durch das Hotel Theaterkarten bekommen kann, the clause introducer ob begins the indirect quotation.
The unreal in indirect discourse
The usual verb form in an indirect quotation is the unreal. Other forms also occur.
Die Sekretärin sagte mir, der Herr Bundesminister des Auswärtigen wäre noch nicht von seiner Reise zurück. It means the secretary told me the foreign minister wasn't back from his trip yet.
Wäre is an unreal form. In Man spricht davon, der Innenminister hätte sein Rücktrittsgesuch eingereicht, the unreal form is hätte.
Ich habe immer betont, dass es zu einer konstruktiven Zusammenarbeit beider Sozialpartner kommen muss has muss, which is not an unreal form.
With or without dass
English gives an indirect quotation with a past form or with would. English has no special unreal form for it.
In German the clause introducer can be used or left out. Either way occurs.
With dass, clause word order follows, and the finite verb comes last: Man spricht davon, dass der Innenminister sein Rücktrittsgesuch eingereicht hätte.
Verbs before an indirect quotation
Many different verbs and verb phrases occur in the main clause of a sentence in indirect discourse.
Es wurde ihm von seinen Kollegen vorgeworfen, er hätte sich zu stark vom Standpunkt der Regierung distanziert. Its indirect quotation has the unreal form hätte.
Man stellt schon Spekulationen darüber an, wie sich der Rücktritt auf die Wahlen auswirken könnte. Here the indirect quotation begins with wie and has könnte.
- 59
The secretary told me the foreign minister wasn't back from his trip yet.
Diethe secretarySekretärinthe secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)mir,me, to mederthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdesof the French authorAuswärtigenMinistry of Foreign Affairswärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück.back - 60
People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Manone, yousprichtspeaks (he, she, it)davon,of it, fromderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen) - 61
You said at the election rally last night that you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
Siewould you likesagtensay, tell (du-command of sagen)gesternyesterday eveningabendyesterday eveningaufin Germanderthe airportWahlkundgebung,election rallySiewould you likewürdenwouldfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 62
I have always insisted that constructive cooperation of both partners in the social order must come about.
IchIhabehave (I)immeralwaysbetont,emphasize, insistdassthatesitzuto be declaredeinera (dative)konstruktivenconstructiveZusammenarbeitcooperationbeiderbothSozialpartnerthe two sides of industry (employers and unions)kommenwhere do you come from?muss.must, have to (I, he, she, it)
FSI German Basic Course (1961), Unit 21, Notes on Grammar
A. SENTENCE TYPES - COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES
I
The conventions of writing require that a SENTENCE begin with a capital letter and end with a period. In terms of its grammatical elements a SENTENCE usually also contains at least a subject and a verb. Sometimes two or more independent sentences are grouped together into a longer sentence, with each part still having its own subject and verb, each part capable of standing alone but associated in this way with the others because of common subject matter or because they express closely associated thoughts. Writing conventions and variations of style allow a comma or a semi-colon or a colon between the parts of a longer sentence like this, but in speech we are not usually aware of the association or grouping together unless the separate parts of a longer sentence are joined by SENTENCE CONNECTORS, or co-ordinating conjunctions, as they are more traditionally called. Here are some examples from our recent units:
Ich werde unsere Sachen an der Garderobe abgeben, und Sie könnten inzwischen die belegten Brötchen holen.
Es war nicht nur der Film zu entwickeln, sondern meine Vergrösserungen müssten auch fertig sein.
Das werde ich bald tun, denn bei unserer grossen Familie ist alle Augenblicke einer krank.
Notice that in each example the conjunction could be omitted with no change in meaning. We would simply end up in each case with two shorter sentences. Note also that normal word order occurs in all parts of these sentences. Longer sentences of this type are traditionally called COMPOUND SENTENCES.A. SENTENCE TYPES - COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES
II
There is another class of longer sentences consisting of two or more parts, each with its own subject and verb, however. In such sentences one or more of the separate parts is actually dependent on or subordinate to another part. Often, but not always, the subordinate or dependent part of the sentence is introduced by a CLAUSE INTRODUCER, i.e. a subordinating conjunction, relative pronoun or question word. We have had several examples of longer sentences of this type in recent units:
Bevor Sie Ihr Visum bekommen, werden Sie im Generalkonsulat untersucht und geröntgt.
Ich wollte, ich wäre nicht Kandidat geworden.
Was wurde aus der Geschäftsreise nach Bayreuth, die Sie nicht gerne machen wollten?
Ich bin überzeugt, dass seine Partei schon einen Posten für ihn vorgesehen hat, falls er wirklich aus dem Kabinett ausscheiden sollte.
Notice that in each of these examples at most only one part can stand alone. The other parts are dependent on it or subordinate to it. Note also that clause introducers, where they occur, can not be omitted unless other, substantial changes are made in the sentence, in which case the meaning may also be different. Note finally that clause word order occurs everywhere after clause introducers. Longer sentences of this type are traditionally called COMPLEX SENTENCES. The part of a COMPLEX SENTENCE which can stand alone and be given as a sentence by itself is traditionally called the MAIN or INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. The dependent or subordinate parts are called DEPENDENT or SUBORDINATE CLAUSES.B. COMPLEX SENTENCES - DIRECT AND INDIRECT DISCOURSE
I
COMPLEX SENTENCES are used to reproduce the words or thoughts expressed by another person, or by the speaker himself on a different occasion. Here is an example:
Herr Adams sagt zu seiner Sekretärin: "Fräulein Färber, haben Sie das Sekretariat des Bundesaussenministers angerufen?"
The main clause identifies the speaker and the occasion; the subordinate part of the sentence reproduces the words spoken. In this example the words spoken are quoted exactly; no clause introducer occurs. Of course, the conventions of writing require quotation marks or some other specific punctuation to indicate to the reader that this is a quotation. COMPLEX SENTENCES of this kind, reproducing the actual words spoken, are said to be in DIRECT DISCOURSE, and the quotation is called a DIRECT QUOTATION.B. COMPLEX SENTENCES - DIRECT AND INDIRECT DISCOURSE
II
The words or thoughts expressed by another person, or by the speaker himself on a different occasion, are not always given as a DIRECT QUOTATION in DIRECT DISCOURSE but are often reproduced more or less accurately in paraphrase. We have encountered this type of construction several times:
Ich dachte, Sie wären noch im Urlaub.
Können Sie mir übrigens sagen, ob man durch das Hotel Theaterkarten bekommen kann?
Sie meinen, dann hätten wir Plätze nebeneinander bekommen können.
Notice that a clause introducer may or may not be used to introduce this kind of paraphrase of what has been said or thought. Since these are not direct quotations the conventions of writing do not require quotation marks or other special punctuation. COMPLEX SENTENCES of this kind represent what we call INDIRECT DISCOURSE, and the subordinate parts of such sentences are called INDIRECT QUOTATIONS.C. THE UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE
I
Die Sekretärin sagte mir, der Herr Bundesminister des Auswärtigen wäre noch nicht von seiner Reise zurück.
The secretary told me the foreign minister wasn't back from his trip yet.
Man spricht davon, der Innenminister hätte sein Rücktrittsgesuch eingereicht.
People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Sie sagten gestern abend auf der Wahlkundgebung, Sie würden für eine weitere Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit eintreten.
You said at the election rally last night that you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
Ich habe immer betont, dass es zu einer konstruktiven Zusammenarbeit beider Sozialpartner kommen muss.
I have always insisted that constructive cooperation of both partners in the social order must come about.
In two of the three examples above (B.II.) you have seen that an UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE form occurs in the INDIRECT QUOTATION. Let us look at some more examples of INDIRECT DISCOURSE from the current unit:
While not occurring everywhere to the exclusion of all other forms in INDIRECT DISCOURSE, UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE forms do occur with a high degree of frequency in this type of sentence. We can say that the UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE is the usual form of the verb in INDIRECT DISCOURSE.C. THE UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE
I.1
If we examine the examples above once more two points can be noted. First, compare the German sentences with their English equivalents and note that in English either a form of the verb in Past Time or a phrase with "would" has occurred in order to reproduce what has been said or thought so as to express the words or thoughts of another person in INDIRECT QUOTATION. English does not have a particular UNREAL form which is used here. Second, note that the INDIRECT QUOTATIONS sometimes are introduced by a clause introducer, sometimes not. The clause introducer is not obligatory in either language, but when it does occur in German it is followed by clause word order. Actually, all the sentences above could have been given either with or without the clause introducer:
Die Sekretärin sagte mir, dass der Herr Bundesminister des Auswärtigen noch nicht von seiner Reise zurück wäre.
Man spricht davon, dass der Innenminister sein Rücktrittsgesuch eingereicht hätte.
Sie sagten gestern abend auf der Wahlkundgebung, dass Sie für eine weitere Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit eintreten würden.
We may then say that INDIRECT QUOTATIONS in German occur interchangeably either with or without clause introducers.C. THE UNREAL or SUBJUNCTIVE IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE
I.2
A variety of verbs and verb phrases occur in the main clauses of sentences in INDIRECT DISCOURSE. We have encountered the following additional examples in the recent unit:
Es wurde ihm von seinen Kollegen vorgeworfen, er hätte sich zu stark vom Standpunkt der Regierung distanziert.
Man stellt schon Spekulationen darüber an, wie sich der Rücktritt auf die Wahlen auswirken könnte.Substitution Drill
- 63
The secretary told me the Minister was not back from his trip yet.
Diethe secretarySekretärinthe secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)mir,me, to mederthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerwärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück.back - 64
Did you reach the parliamentary leaders of the CDU and the SPD?
HabenhaveSiewould you likediethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)derthe airportCthe letter CDthe letter DUthe letter Uundandderthe airportSthe letter SPthe letter PDthe letter Derreicht?reaches - 65
They are preparing for the foreign-policy debate.
Siewould you likebereiten(they) prepare (sich vorbereiten)sichto get used (to something)aufin Germandiethe embassyAussenpolitische(concerning) foreign policyDebattedebatevor.you plan to do
- 66
They are preparing for the foreign-policy debate.
Siewould you likebereiten(they) prepare (sich vorbereiten)sichto get used (to something)aufin Germandiethe embassyAussenpolitische(concerning) foreign policyDebattedebatevor.you plan to do - 67
It looks as though we would have to wait until after the debate with our report.
Esitsiehtsees (he, she, it)sosoaus,out of, fromalsthanmüsstenought to, shouldwirwe havemitsausage and sauerkrautunseremour (dative)Berichtreportbisto, untilnachto, towardderthe airportDebattedebatewarten.was - 68
When did he submit his resignation?
Wannwhenhathaves (he, she, it)erhe, itseinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht?submitted (einreichen) - 69
I wonder whether it will really come to his resignation.
Obwhetheresitwirklichreallyzuto be declaredseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationkommt?comes (he, she, it)
- 70
I wonder whether it will really come to his resignation.
Obwhetheresitwirklichreallyzuto be declaredseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationkommt?comes (he, she, it) - 71
He was accused of having distanced himself too far from the government's position.
Esitwurdehe, it will beihmhimvorgeworfen,reproached (vorwerfen)erhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)sichto get used (to something)zuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanziert.take a position at odds with, divorce oneself from - 72
Neither the employers nor the employees were delighted with his proposal.
Wederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborwarenwere youvonofseinemhis (dative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt.overjoyed, delighted, charmed
- 73
Neither the employers nor the employees were delighted with his proposal.
Wederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborwarenwere youvonofseinemhis (dative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt.overjoyed, delighted, charmed - 74
That is the opinion of other cabinet members too.
Dasthatistisauchalso, toodieview, opinionAnsichtview, opinionandererotherKabinettsmitglieder.cabinet members - 75
Wouldn't carrying out your proposals lead to loss of wages?
WürdeI would likediecarrying outDurchführungcarrying outIhrerher, their (dative)Vorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)nichtnot ... eitherzuto be declaredLohnausfällenlosses of wagesführen?lead, take, bring
Variation Drill
- 76
The secretary told me the Foreign Minister was not back from his trip yet.
Diethe secretarySekretärinthe secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)mir,me, to mederthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdesof the French authorAuswärtigenMinistry of Foreign Affairswärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück.back - 77
Mr. Lange told the doctor he still had severe pains.
HerrMr.Langefor a long time, longsagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)demwith the waiterArzt,doctorerhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)nochstill, yetstarkestrong, heavySchmerzen.pain (plural) - 78
You said yesterday you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
Siewould you likesagtensay, tell (du-command of sagen)gestern,yesterdaySiewould you likewürdenwouldfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise
- 79
You said yesterday you would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
Siewould you likesagtensay, tell (du-command of sagen)gestern,yesterdaySiewould you likewürdenwouldfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 80
I thought you were still on vacation. We thought she didn't have a car.
IchIdachte,thoughtSieyou would be, you werewärenyou would be, you werenochstill, yetimon leaveUrlaub.on leaveWirwe havedachten,dach- (past stem of denken: dachte)siewould you likehätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)keinno, not aAuto.car - 81
Didn't he mention that he was coming next week? Didn't they say that she was at the doctor's?
Hathaves (he, she, it)erhe, itnichtnot ... eithererwähnt,mentiondassthaterhe, itnächstenextWocheweekkommenwhere do you come from?würde?I would likeHathaves (he, she, it)manone, younichtnot ... eithergesagt,he saiddassthatsiewould you likebeimat the customs officeArztdoctorwäre?would be
- 82
Didn't he mention that he was coming next week? Didn't they say that she was at the doctor's?
Hathaves (he, she, it)erhe, itnichtnot ... eithererwähnt,mentiondassthaterhe, itnächstenextWocheweekkommenwhere do you come from?würde?I would likeHathaves (he, she, it)manone, younichtnot ... eithergesagt,he saiddassthatsiewould you likebeimat the customs officeArztdoctorwäre?would be - 83
He thought he couldn't come this early. They said we shouldn't miss the new Tannhäuser production.
Erhe, itmeinte,myerhe, itkönnteto be able tonichtnot ... eithersosofrühearlykommen.where do you come from?Siewould you likesagten,say, tell (du-command of sagen)wirwe havedürftento be allowedunswe like itdiethe embassyneuehis new addressTannhäuserTannhäuser (Wagner's opera)Inszenierungstaging, productionnichtnot ... eitherentgehenescape, eludelassen.have something soled - 84
They said their parents had gone to the consulate. People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Siewould you likesagten,say, tell (du-command of sagen)ihreher, theirElternparentswärenyou would be, you werezumto the customs officeKonsulatconsulategegangen.gone (gehen)Manone, yousprichtspeaks (he, she, it)davon,of it, fromderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen)
- 85
They said their parents had gone to the consulate. People are saying the Minister of the Interior has handed in his resignation.
Siewould you likesagten,say, tell (du-command of sagen)ihreher, theirElternparentswärenyou would be, you werezumto the customs officeKonsulatconsulategegangen.gone (gehen)Manone, yousprichtspeaks (he, she, it)davon,of it, fromderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen) - 86
He was accused of having taken a position too completely at odds with the government point of view.
Esitwurdehe, it will beihmhimvorgeworfen,reproached (vorwerfen)erhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)sichto get used (to something)zuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanziert.take a position at odds with, divorce oneself from - 87
He was informed that he could bring the documents next week.
Esitwurdehe, it will beihmhimmitgeteilt,informed, let know (mitteilen)dassthaterhe, itdiethe embassyPapiereofficial paper (plural)nächstenextWocheweekbringenbring, take (something somewhere)könnte.to be able to
- 88
He was informed that he could bring the documents next week.
Esitwurdehe, it will beihmhimmitgeteilt,informed, let know (mitteilen)dassthaterhe, itdiethe embassyPapiereofficial paper (plural)nächstenextWocheweekbringenbring, take (something somewhere)könnte.to be able to - 89
He told her to go to a specialist.
Erhe, itsagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)ihr,hersiewould you likesolltehe is supposed tozuto be declaredeinema (dative)Facharztspecialist (doctor)gehen.to go and eat - 90
He wrote me that he had already had an accident with the new car.
Erhe, itschriebwrote (schreiben)mir,me, to medassthaterhe, itmitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterneuennewWagenin your carschonalready, beforeeinena walkUnfallaccident, collisiongehabthe hadhätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 91
She says the Ambassador will be back in an hour.
Siewould you likesagt,saysderthe airportBotschafterembassywirdhe, it will beinin Bonneinera (dative)Stundehourzurückbacksein.be
- 92
She says the Ambassador will be back in an hour.
Siewould you likesagt,saysderthe airportBotschafterembassywirdhe, it will beinin Bonneinera (dative)Stundehourzurückbacksein.be
Conversion Drill 1
- 93
Direct speech, to be reported: Wir haben nur noch ein paar Minuten Zeit.
"Wirwe havehabenwe havenuronlynochstill, yeteina couple, a fewpaara couple, a fewMinutenin ten minutesZeit."time - 94
Direct speech, to be reported: Der Arzt hat noch einen Patienten im Sprechzimmer.
"DerdoctorArztdoctorhathaves (he, she, it)nochstill, yeteinena walkPatientenpatient (plural)imin theSprechzimmer."consulting room - 95
Direct speech, to be reported: Ihr habt zwei Karten für den ersten Rang.
"Ihrherhabthave (I)zweitwo MarksKartenticket (plural)fürfordentheerstenon the second floorRang."tier, circle, balcony - 96
Direct speech, to be reported: Wir haben Plätze nebeneinander.
"Wirwe havehabenwe havePlätzeplace, seat (plural)nebeneinander."next to each other, side by side - 97
Direct speech, to be reported: Du hast die von mir zurückgebrachte Karte.
"Duyou havehastyou havediethe embassyvonofmirme, to mezurückgebrachtebrought back (zurückbringen)Karte."ticket - 98
Direct speech, to be reported: Herr Meyer hat unsere Garderobenmarken.
"HerrMr.MeyerMeyerhathaves (he, she, it)unsereourGarderobenmarken."cloakroom checks
Conversion Drill 2
- 99
Direct speech, to be reported: Das ist auch die Ansicht anderer Kabinettsmitglieder.
"Dasthatistisauchalso, toodieview, opinionAnsichtview, opinionandererotherKabinettsmitglieder."cabinet members - 100
Direct speech, to be reported: Die Brötchen sind am Buffet immer ausgezeichnet.
"Diethe embassyBrötchenrollsindareambestBuffetbuffetimmeralwaysausgezeichnet."excellent - 101
Direct speech, to be reported: Der Bundesminister ist noch nicht von seiner Reise zurück.
"Derthe airportBundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministeristisnochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück."back - 102
Direct speech, to be reported: Die Herren sind auf einer Fraktionssitzung.
"Diethe embassyHerrengentlemen (pl)sindareaufin Germaneinera (dative)Fraktionssitzung."parliamentary party meeting - 103
Direct speech, to be reported: Weder die Arbeitgeber, noch die Arbeitnehmer sind von seinem Vorschlag entzückt.
"Wederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeber,employer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborsindarevonofseinemhis (dative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt."overjoyed, delighted, charmed - 104
Direct speech, to be reported: Frau Keller ist bei einem Ohrenarzt in Behandlung.
"FrauMrs.KellerKelleristisbeigetting the passport checkedeinema (dative)Ohrenarzta well-known ear nose and throat maninin BonnBehandlung."treatment, care
Conversion Drill 3
- 105
Direct speech, to be reported: Der Innenminister wird für eine weitere Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit eintreten.
"DerMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the Interiorwirdhe, it will befürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten."occur, arise - 106
Direct speech, to be reported: Er wird die Sachen an der Garderobe abgeben.
"Erhe, it will bewirdhe, it will bediethe embassySachenthing (plural)anat, onderthe airportGarderobecheckroom, cloakroomabgeben."give out (with) - 107
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie wird sich noch von einem Facharzt untersuchen lassen.
"Siewould you likewirdhe, it will besichto get used (to something)nochstill, yetvonofeinema (dative)Facharztspecialist (doctor)untersuchenexaminelassen."have something soled - 108
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie wird sich auf die Konferenz vorbereiten.
"Siewould you likewirdhe, it will besichto get used (to something)aufin Germandiethe conferenceKonferenzthe conferencevorbereiten."to prepare - 109
Direct speech, to be reported: Er wird sich von der Politik zurückziehen.
"Erhe, it will bewirdhe, it will besichto get used (to something)vonofderthe airportPolitikpolitics, policyzurückziehen."withdraw, retire
Conversion Drill 4
- 110
Direct speech, to be reported: Er hat die Garderobenmarken eingesteckt.
"Erhe, ithathaves (he, she, it)diethe embassyGarderobenmarkencloakroom checkseingesteckt."put in one's pocket (einstecken) - 111
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie hat das Sekretariat des Bundesministers angerufen.
"Siewould you likehathaves (he, she, it)dassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesministers(German Federal) foreign ministerangerufen."he has called up - 112
Direct speech, to be reported: Er hat die Fraktionsvorsitzenden erst nachmittags erreicht.
"Erhe, ithathaves (he, she, it)diethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)erstonly, not untilnachmittagsin the afternoonerreicht."reaches - 113
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie haben sich auf die aussenpolitische Debatte vorbereitet.
"Siewould you likehabenhavesichto get used (to something)aufin Germandiethe embassyaussenpolitische(concerning) foreign policyDebattedebatevorbereitet."prepared (vorbereiten) - 114
Direct speech, to be reported: Seine Partei hat schon einen Posten für ihn vorgesehen.
"Seinehis new addressParteipartyhathaves (he, she, it)schonalready, beforeeinena walkPostenposition, jobfürforihnhimvorgesehen."provided for (vorsehen)
Conversion Drill 5
- 115
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie hatte zwei Karten für den ersten Rang.
"Siewould you likehattehadzweitwo MarksKartenticket (plural)fürfordentheerstenon the second floorRang."tier, circle, balcony - 116
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie hatte einen Onkel in Amerika.
"Siewould you likehattehadeinena walkOnkelOnkelinin BonnAmerika."America - 117
Direct speech, to be reported: Er hatte grosse Schwierigkeiten, seinen Betrieb zu halten.
"Erhe, ithattehadgrossebigSchwierigkeiten,difficulty (plural)seinenhis (accusative)Betrieb(industrial) plantzuto be declaredhalten."stop - 118
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie hatten keine Familienangehörigen in Süddeutschland.
"Siewould you likehattenhaves (he, she, it)keineno, not anyFamilienangehörigenmember of the family, immediate relative (plural)inin BonnSüddeutschland."Southern Germany - 119
Direct speech, to be reported: Er hatte eine Unterredung mit dem Bundeskanzler.
"Erhe, ithattehadeineone MarkUnterredungconversation, (private) conferencemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBundeskanzler."Federal Chancellor - 120
Direct speech, to be reported: Er hatte seinen Pass nicht bei sich.
"Erhe, ithattehadseinenhis (accusative)Passpassportnichtnot ... eitherbeigetting the passport checkedsich."to get used (to something)
Conversion Drill 6
- 121
Direct speech, to be reported: Er ist gerade vom Schwimmen gekommen.
"Erhe, itistisgeradejustvomof the consulateSchwimmenswimgekommen."came, did come - 122
Direct speech, to be reported: Sein Junge ist mit dem Fahrrad gestürzt.
"SeinbeJungeyoungistismitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterFahrradbicylegestürzt."to plunge, fall - 123
Direct speech, to be reported: Er ist nicht vorbestraft.
"Erhe, itistisnichtnot ... eithervorbestraft."previously convicted - 124
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie sind bei Nacht und Nebel geflohen.
"Siewould you likesindarebeiin the black of nightNachtin the black of nightundin the black of nightNebelin the black of nightgeflohen."would have run away - 125
Direct speech, to be reported: Er ist für eine weitere Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit eingetreten.
"Erhe, itistisfürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseingetreten."entered, joined (eintreten)
Conversion Drill 7
- 126
Direct speech, to be reported: Er war früher in der F D J und dann Kandidat der S E D.
"Erhe, itwarwasfrüherearlyinin Bonnderthe airportFthe letter FDthe letter DJthe letter JundanddannthenKandidatprobational party memberderthe airportSthe letter SEthe letter ED."the letter D - 127
Direct speech, to be reported: Er ist damit einverstanden gewesen, dass man seinen Strafregisterauszug anforderte.
"Erhe, itistisdamitwith iteinverstandenin agreementgewesen,she wasdassthatmanone, youseinenhis (accusative)Strafregisterauszugextract from the criminal registeranforderte."requested (anfordern) - 128
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie fuhr zur Kur nach Bad Nauheim.
"Siewould you likefuhrdrovezurto theKurtreatment, curenachto, towardBadbathNauheim."Nauheim (Bad Nauheim, a spa) - 129
Direct speech, to be reported: Er ging mit Kellers zusammen ins Theater.
"Erhe, itgingwent (gehen)mitsausage and sauerkrautKellersKellerszusammentogetherinsto the moviesTheater."theater - 130
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie blieb zwei Jahre in der Schweiz.
"Siewould you likebliebstayed (bleiben)zweitwo MarksJahreyearsinin Bonnderthe airportSchweiz."Switzerland
Conversion Drill 8
- 131
Direct speech, to be reported: Geben Sie mir meine Garderobenmarke.
"GebengiveSiewould you likemirme, to memeinemyGarderobenmarke."cloakroom check - 132
Direct speech, to be reported: Nehmen Sie täglich dreimal je fünfzehn Tropfen der Medizin.
"NehmentakeSiewould you liketäglichdailydreimalthree timesjeat a timefünfzehnfifteenTropfendripderthe airportMedizin."medicine - 133
Direct speech, to be reported: Bringen Sie den Jungen gleich in die Sprechstunde.
"Bringenbring, take (something somewhere)Siewould you likedentheJungenboy (plural)gleichright, justinto the (doctor's) officedieto the (doctor's) officeSprechstunde."to the (doctor's) office - 134
Direct speech, to be reported: Holen Sie die Medizin so bald wie möglich.
"Holengo and getSiewould you likediemedicineMedizinmedicinesosobaldsoonwiehowmöglich."possible - 135
Direct speech, to be reported: Rufen Sie bitte den Fraktionsvorsitzenden an.
"RufencallSiewould you likebittepleasedentheFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)an."at, on - 136
Direct speech, to be reported: Benachrichtigen Sie uns, sobald Sie alle Papiere beisammen haben.
"Benachrichtigeninform, notifySiewould you likeuns,we like itsobaldas soon as possibleSiewould you likealleallPapiereofficial paper (plural)beisammen(collected) togetherhaben."have
Conversion Drill 9
- 137
Direct speech, to be reported: Wenden Sie sich an den Buchhändler.
"Wendenturn, apply, go toSiewould you likesichto get used (to something)anat, ondentheBuchhändler."bookseller, dealer - 138
Direct speech, to be reported: Holen Sie mir bitte belegte Brötchen.
"Holengo and getSiewould you likemirme, to mebittepleasebelegte(open-face) sandwich rollBrötchen."roll - 139
Direct speech, to be reported: Nehmen Sie seine Personalien auf.
"NehmentakeSiewould you likeseinehis new addressPersonalienpersonal particularsauf."in German - 140
Direct speech, to be reported: Benachrichtigen Sie ihn bitte.
"Benachrichtigeninform, notifySiewould you likeihnhimbitte."please - 141
Direct speech, to be reported: Lösen Sie ihm die Fahrkarte.
"Lösensolve, settleSiewould you likeihmhimdieticketFahrkarte."ticket
Conversion Drill 10
- 142
Direct speech, to be reported: Er wurde von allen Seiten ganz schön unter Druck gesetzt.
"Erhe, itwurdehe, it will bevonofallenAllenSeitenside (plural)ganzcertainly, all rightschöncertainly, all rightunterunder, atDruckthe pressuregesetzt."set (he, she, it) - 143
Direct speech, to be reported: Frl. Färber wurde vom Fraktionsvorsitzenden angerufen.
"Frl.Frl. (Fräulein)Färbercolor (plural)wurdehe, it will bevomof the consulateFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)angerufen."he has called up - 144
Direct speech, to be reported: Der Minister wurde von der Morgenpresse heftig angegriffen.
"Derminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretarywurdehe, it will bevonofderthe airportMorgenpressemorning pressheftigviolent, severe, vehementangegriffen."attacked (angreifen) - 145
Direct speech, to be reported: Die Theaterkarten wurden telephonisch bestellt.
"Diethe embassyTheaterkartentheater tickets (plural of die Theaterkarte)wurdenhe, it will betelephonischon the telephone, by telephonebestellt."orders (bestellen) - 146
Direct speech, to be reported: Er wurde von Kellers abgeholt.
"Erhe, itwurdehe, it will bevonofKellersKellersabgeholt."picked up (abholen)
Conversion Drill 11
- 147
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie müssen auch einen gültigen Reisepass haben.
"Siewould you likemüssento have toauchalso, tooeinena walkgültigenvalidReisepasspassporthaben."have - 148
Direct speech, to be reported: Wir wollen uns noch Fernsehapparate ansehen.
"Wirwe want, we intend (to)wollenwe want, we intend (to)unswe like itnochstill, yetFernsehapparatetelevision set (plural)ansehen."look at - 149
Direct speech, to be reported: Er darf ihr das nicht sagen.
"Erhe, itdarfmay Iihrherdasthatnichtnot ... eithersagen."say (we, they, you) - 150
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie soll ihre Papiere an das Konsulat schicken.
"Sieshe, it is supposed to, she, it is said tosollshe, it is supposed to, she, it is said toihreher, theirPapiereofficial paper (plural)anat, ondasthe consulateKonsulatthe consulateschicken."send - 151
Direct speech, to be reported: Sie wollen uns vor ihrer Abreise schreiben.
"Siewould you likewollento want to, to intend tounswe like itvoryou plan to doihrerher, their (dative)Abreisedepartureschreiben."write
Conversion Drill 12
- 152
Direct speech, to be reported: Haben Sie nicht den Anschlag vor dem Theater gesehen?
"HabenhaveSiewould you likenichtnot ... eitherdentheAnschlagposter, placardvoryou plan to dodemwith the waiterTheatertheatergesehen?"seen - 153
Direct speech, to be reported: Haben Sie das Sekretariat des Bundesaussenministers angerufen?
"HabenhaveSiewould you likedassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesaussenministersof the Federal Foreign Ministerangerufen?"he has called up - 154
Direct speech, to be reported: Sind Sie auch in der Fraktionssitzung gewesen?
"SindareSiewould you likeauchalso, tooinin Bonnderthe airportFraktionssitzungparliamentary party meetinggewesen?"she was - 155
Direct speech, to be reported: Werden Ihre Verwandten kommen?
"Werden(future auxiliary)Ihreher, theirVerwandtenrelative(s)kommen?"where do you come from? - 156
Direct speech, to be reported: Können Sie mir die Adresse eines Ohrenarztes geben?
"Könnencan youSiecan youmirme, to mediethe addressAdressethe addresseinesof aOhrenarztesa well-known ear nose and throat mangeben?"give - 157
Direct speech, to be reported: Darf man hier rauchen?
"Darfmay Imanone, youhierhererauchen?"smoke
Translation Drill 1
- 158
Miss Färber and Mr. Adams were working in the American Embassy.
Frl.Frl. (Fräulein)Färbercolor (plural)undandHerrMr.AdamsAdamsarbeitetenwork (I)inin Bonnderthe airportamerikanischenAmericanBotschaft.embassy - 159
Mr. Adams asked Miss Färber whether she had called the office of the (Federal) Foreign Minister.
HerrMr.AdamsAdamserkundigteinquire, asksichto get used (to something)beigetting the passport checkedFrl.Frl. (Fräulein)Färber,color (plural)obwhethersiewould you likedassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesaussenministersof the Federal Foreign Ministerangerufenhe has called uphätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 160
She told him the Foreign Minister wasn't back from his trip yet and she also had been unable to reach the CDU and SPD parliamentary party leaders.
Siewould you likesagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)ihm,himder(German Federal) foreign ministerBundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdes(German Federal) foreign ministerAuswärtigen(German Federal) foreign ministerwärewould benochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripzurück,backundandsiewould you likehätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)auchalso, toodiethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)derthe airportCDUChristian Democratic Unionundandderthe airportSPDSocial Democratic Partynichtnot ... eithererreichenreachkönnen.to be able to - 161
Then she said the gentlemen had not yet returned from their party meetings.
Dannthensagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)sie,would you likediethe embassyHerrengentlemen (pl)wärenyou would be, you werevonofihrenyourFraktionssitzungenparliamentary party meetingsnochnot yetnichtnot yetzurückgekommen.come back (zurückkommen) - 162
Mr. Adams thought both sides were probably preparing for the foreign policy debate.
HerrMr.AdamsAdamsmeinte,mybeidebothSeitenside (plural)würdenwouldsichto get used (to something)wahrscheinlichprobablyaufin Germandiethe embassyaussenpolitische(concerning) foreign policyDebattedebatevorbereiten.to prepare - 163
Therefore he believed they would probably have to wait until after the debate with their report.
Deshalbtherefore, that's whyglaubtebelieve (I)er,he, itmüsstenought to, shouldsiewould you likemitsausage and sauerkrautihremin your carBerichtreportwohlI suppose, you supposebisto, untilnachto, towardderthe airportDebattedebatewarten.was - 164
In the meantime Mr. Blum and Mr. Lohmann were discussing the Minister of the Interior in the 'Bundestag' restaurant.
Inzwischenin the meantimeunterhieltenconversed (sich unterhalten)sichto get used (to something)HerrMr.BlumBlum (a name)undandHerrMr.LohmannLohmann (a name)imin theBundestagsrestaurantthe Bundestag restaurantübervia, aboutdentheInnenminister.Minister of the Interior - 165
People had been saying the Minister of the Interior had handed in his resignation.
Esithiesswas called, meant (heissen)nämlich,to be specificderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)seinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereicht.submitted (einreichen) - 166
Mr. Lohmann said the Minister of the Interior had had a long conference with the Federal Chancellor yesterday; but whether things would really go as far as his resignation [or not] would be another matter.
HerrMr.LohmannLohmann (a name)sagte,say, tell (du-command of sagen)derMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)gesternyesterdayeineone Marklangefor a long time, longUnterredungconversation, (private) conferencemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBundeskanzlerFederal Chancellorgehabt;he hadobwhetheresitaberbutwirklichreallyzuto be declaredseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationkommenwhere do you come from?würde,I would likewärewould beeineone MarkandereotherSache.thing - 167
Then Mr. Lohmann mentioned a lot of pressure had been put on the Minister of the Interior.
DannthenerwähntementionHerrMr.Lohmann,Lohmann (a name)derMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the Interiorwärewould bevonofallenAllenSeitenside (plural)unterunder, atDruckthe pressuregesetztset (he, she, it)worden.(future auxiliary) - 168
Mr. Blum said his colleagues had accused him of having taken a position too completely at odds with the government point of view.
HerrMr.BlumBlum (a name)meinte,myseinehis new addressKollegencolleague (acc/dat)hättenI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)ihmhimvorgeworfen,reproached (vorwerfen)dassthaterhe, itsichto get used (to something)zuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanzierttake a position at odds with, divorce oneself fromhätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 169
In interested circles people were already speculating as to what effect the Minister's resignation might have on the elections.
Inin Bonninteressiertenbe interested inKreisencirclewürdenwouldschonalready, beforeSpekulationenspeculation (plural)angestellt,employed (anstellen)wiehowsichto get used (to something)derretirement, resignationRücktrittretirement, resignationdesof the French authorMinistersminister, secretaryaufin Germandiethe embassyWahlenelection (plural)auswirkenhave an effect (on)könnte.to be able to - 170
Mr. Blum was convinced the party of the Minister of the Interior had already made provisions for [another] position for him in case he really should withdraw from the cabinet.
HerrMr.BlumBlum (a name)warwasüberzeugt,convinced, positivediepartyParteipartydesof the French authorInnenministersMinister of the InteriorhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)einena walkPostenposition, jobfürforihnhimvorgesehen,provided for (vorsehen)wennwhen, iferhe, itwirklichreallyausout of, fromdemwith the waiterKabinettcabinetausscheidendrop out of, withdraw fromsollte.he is supposed to
Translation Drill 2
- 171
The Minister insisted yesterday at an election rally he would work toward a further reduction of working hours.
Derminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretarybetonteemphasize, insistgesternyesterdayaufin Germaneinera (dative)Wahlkundgebung,election rallyerhe, itwürdeI would likefürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 172
Therefore this morning's press had attacked him vehemently, said Mr. Klein.
Deshalbtherefore, that's whyhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)ihnhimdiethe embassyMorgenpressemorning pressheftigviolent, severe, vehementangegriffen,attacked (angreifen)meintemyHerrMr.Klein.little - 173
If the Minister had not been criticized he would have been surprised.
Wärewould bederminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretarynichtnot ... eitherkritisiertcriticizeworden,(future auxiliary)hätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)esitihnhimerstaunt.amazed, surprised - 174
Mr. Klein believed that neither management nor labor were exactly overjoyed by the Minister's proposal.
HerrMr.Kleinlittleglaubte,believe (I)dassthatwederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborvonofdemwith the waiterVorschlagsuggestion, proposaldesof the French authorMinistersminister, secretaryentzücktoverjoyed, delighted, charmedwären.you would be, you were - 175
The Minister had always emphasized that constructive cooperation of both partners would have to come about.
Derminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretaryhattehadschonalready, beforeimmeralwaysbetont,emphasize, insistdassthatesitzuto be declaredeinera (dative)konstruktivenconstructiveZusammenarbeitcooperationbeiderbothSozialpartnerthe two sides of industry (employers and unions)kommenwhere do you come from?müsste.ought to, should - 176
Mr. Klein wanted to know whether the carrying out of his proposals would not lead to loss of income and therefore a drop in the standard of living would have to be contended with.
HerrMr.Kleinlittlewolltehe wantedwissen,knowobwhetherdiecarrying outDurchführungcarrying outseinerhis (dative)Vorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)nichtnot ... eitherzuto be declaredLohnausfällenlosses of wagesführenlead, take, bringwürdeI would likeundanddadurchthereby, by thatmitsausage and sauerkrauteinema (dative)Absinkendropderthe airportLebenshaltungstandard of livingderemployee, worker, (pl) laborArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborzuto be declaredrechnenreckon with, count onwäre.would be - 177
The Minister said in that regard that if the reduction of working hours already put into practice in various countries of the EEC had effected serious damage, he would be the last one to make such suggestions.
Derminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretarysagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)dazu,with itdassthat--wennwhen, ifdiethe embassyinin Bonnverschiedenenvarious, differentLänderncountries (plural of das Land)derthe airportEWGEuropean Economic Community (EEC)bereitsalreadydurchgeführtencarried out (durchführen)Arbeitsverkürzungenreductions of working hoursernsteseriousSchädenharm, damage (plural)gezeitigttimely, on timehätten,I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)--erhe, itderthe airportLetztelastwäre,would bederthe airportsolchesuchVorschlägesuggestion, proposal (plural)machenmake, dowürde.I would like - 178
He also insisted he had not been speaking as the Minister at the election rally but as the representative of his party for the coming election.
Erhe, itbetonteemphasize, insistauch,also, tooerhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)aufin Germanderthe airportWahlkundgebungelection rallynichtnot ... eitheralsthanMinisterminister, secretarysondernbut ratheralsthanderrepresentativeVertreterrepresentativeseinerhis (dative)Parteipartyfürfordiethe embassykommendecoming (kommend)Wahlelectiongesprochen.spoken (sprechen)
Response Drill 1
- 179
What did Mr. Adams ask Miss Färber?
Waswhatfragteask (I)HerrMr.AdamsAdamsFrl.Frl. (Fräulein)Färber?color (plural) - 180
He asked her whether she had called the office of the Federal Foreign Minister.
Erhe, itfragteask (I)sie,would you likeobwhethersiewould you likedassecretariat, office of the secretarySekretariatsecretariat, office of the secretarydesof the French authorBundesaussenministersof the Federal Foreign Ministerangerufenhe has called uphätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 181
What did she answer him?
Waswhatantworteteanswered (antworten)siewould you likeihm?him - 182
She replied that she had been told that the Federal Foreign Minister had not yet returned from his trip.
Siewould you likeantworteteanswered (antworten)ihm,himmanone, youhätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)ihrhergesagt,he saiddassthatderthe airportHerrMr.Bundesminister(German Federal) foreign ministerdesof the French authorAuswärtigenMinistry of Foreign Affairsvonofseinerhis (dative)Reisetripnochnot yetnichtnot yetzurückbackwäre.would be - 183
What did Mr. Adams then want to know from his secretary?
Waswhatwolltehe wantedHerrMr.AdamsAdamsdannthenvonofseinerhis (dative)Sekretärinsecretarywissen?know - 184
He wanted to know whether Frl. Färber had reached the parliamentary leaders of the CDU and the SPD.
Erhe wantedwolltehe wantedwissen,knowobwhetherFrl.Frl. (Fräulein)Färbercolor (plural)diethe embassyFraktionsvorsitzendenparliamentary party leader, "whip" (plural)derthe airportCthe letter CDthe letter DUthe letter Uundandderthe airportSthe letter SPthe letter PDthe letter Derreichtreacheshätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 185
What did they tell her at those places?
Waswhathathaves (he, she, it)manone, youihrheranat, ondiesenthis (accusative)Stellenintroducegesagt?he said - 186
She was told that the gentlemen had not yet returned from their parliamentary group meetings.
Manone, yousagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)ihr,herdassthatdiethe embassyHerrengentlemen (pl)nochnot yetnichtnot yetvonofihrenyourFraktionssitzungenparliamentary party meetingszurückbackwären.you would be, you were - 187
What did Mr. Adams suspect?
Waswhatvermuteteto suspectHerrMr.Adams?Adams - 188
He assumed that both sides would be preparing for the foreign-policy debate.
Erhe, itvermutete,to suspectdassthatsichto get used (to something)beidebothSeitenside (plural)aufin Germandiethe embassyaussenpolitische(concerning) foreign policyDebattedebatevorbereitento preparewürden.would - 189
And what did he therefore think?
Undandwaswhatmeintemyerhe, itdeshalb?therefore, that's why - 190
He thought they would have to wait until after the debate to issue the report.
Erhe, itmeinte,mydassthatsiewould you likemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBerichtreportbisto, untilnachto, towardderthe airportDebattedebatewartenwasmüssten.ought to, should - 191
What were people talking about in the Bundestag restaurant?
Worüberabout whatsprachspoke (sprechen)manone, youimin theBundestagsrestaurant?the Bundestag restaurant - 192
There was talk that the Interior Minister had submitted his resignation.
Manone, yousprachspoke (sprechen)darüber,about it, about themdassthatderMinister of the InteriorInnenministerMinister of the InteriorseinbeRücktrittsgesuchletter of resignationeingereichtsubmitted (einreichen)hätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 193
Why was that assumed?
Warumwhyvermuteteto suspectmanone, youdas?that - 194
Because yesterday he had a two-hour meeting with the Federal Chancellor.
Weilbecauseerhe, itgesternyesterdayeineone Markzweistündigetwo-hourUnterredungconversation, (private) conferencemitsausage and sauerkrautdemwith the waiterBundeskanzlerFederal Chancellorhatte.had - 195
What did his colleagues accuse him of?
Waswhatwarfento accuse, blameihmhimseinehis new addressKollegencolleague (acc/dat)vor?you plan to do - 196
They accused him of distancing himself too much from the government's position in his campaign speech.
Siewould you likewarfento accuse, blameihmhimvor,you plan to dodassthaterhe, itsichto get used (to something)inin Bonnseinerhis (dative)Wahlredecampaign speechzuto be declaredstarkstrong, heavyvomof the consulateStandpunktpoint of view, positionderthe airportRegierunggovernment, ruledistanzierttake a position at odds with, divorce oneself fromhätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having) - 197
What was already the subject of speculation?
Worüberabout whatstelltein placemanone, youschonalready, beforeSpekulationenspeculation (plural)an?at, on - 198
There was speculation about what effect the minister's resignation would have.
Manone, youstelltein placeSpekulationenspeculation (plural)darüberabout it, about theman,at, onwiehowsichto get used (to something)derretirement, resignationRücktrittretirement, resignationdesof the French authorMinistersminister, secretaryauswirkenhave an effect (on)würde.I would like - 199
What would be possible after his resignation?
Waswhatwärewould benachto, towardseinemhis (dative)Rücktrittretirement, resignationmöglich?possible - 200
1. Seine Partei könnte für ihn schon einen Posten vorgesehen haben. 2. Er könnte sich überhaupt aus der Politik zurückziehen.
1. His party might already have a position in mind for him. 2. He might withdraw from politics altogether.
- 201
Why did the morning press attack the minister so fiercely?
Warumwhygriffattacked (angreifen: griff ... an)diethe embassyMorgenpressemorning pressdentheMinisterminister, secretaryheftigviolent, severe, vehementan?at, on - 202
Because he had said at the election rally that he would advocate a further reduction in working hours.
Weilbecauseerhe, itaufin Germanderthe airportWahlkundgebungelection rallygesagthe saidhatte,haderhe, itwürdeI would likefürforeineone MarkweiterefarVerkürzungshortening, reductionderthe airportArbeitszeitworking hourseintreten.occur, arise - 203
What would have surprised the minister?
WaswhathätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)dentheMinisterminister, secretaryerstaunt?amazed, surprised - 204
He would have been surprised if he had not been criticized.
EsithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)ihnhimerstaunt,amazed, surprisedwennwhen, iferhe, itnichtnot ... eitherkritisiertcriticizeworden(future auxiliary)wäre.would be
Response Drill 2
- 205
Are the employers or the employees delighted with his proposal?
Sindarediethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementoderordiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborvonofseinemhis (dative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzückt?overjoyed, delighted, charmed - 206
It seems that neither the employers nor the employees are delighted with his proposal.
Esitscheint,shines (scheinen)alsas if, as thoughobas if, as thoughwederneither ... nordiethe embassyArbeitgeberemployer, (pl) managementnochstill, yetdiethe embassyArbeitnehmeremployee, worker, (pl) laborvonofseinemhis (dative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalentzücktoverjoyed, delighted, charmedwären.you would be, you were - 207
What has the minister always emphasized?
Waswhathathaves (he, she, it)derminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretaryimmeralwaysbetont?emphasize, insist - 208
He has always emphasized that the two social partners must work together constructively.
Erhe, ithathaves (he, she, it)immeralwaysbetont,emphasize, insistdassthatesitzuto be declaredeinera (dative)konstruktivenconstructiveZusammenarbeitcooperationbeiderbothSozialpartnerthe two sides of industry (employers and unions)kommenwhere do you come from?müsste.ought to, should - 209
Where, according to the minister, had reductions in working hours caused no serious harm?
Wo,wheresagtesay, tell (du-command of sagen)derminister, secretaryMinister,minister, secretaryhättenI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)diethe embassyArbeitszeitverkürzungenreductions of working hourskeineno, not anyernstenseriousSchädenharm, damage (plural)gezeitigt?timely, on time - 210
In the various countries of the EEC where they have already been implemented.
Inin Bonndentheverschiedenenvarious, differentLänderncountries (plural of das Land)derthe airportEthe letter EWthe letter WG,the letter Gwowheresiewould you likebereitsalreadydurchgeführtcarried out (durchführen)worden(future auxiliary)sind.are - 211
What did the minister emphasize at the end of the interview?
Waswhatbetonteemphasize, insistderminister, secretaryMinisterminister, secretaryambestEndeenddesof the French authorInterviews?(journalistic) interview (plural) - 212
He emphasized that he had spoken at this campaign rally not as a minister, but as a representative of his party.
Erhe, itbetonte,emphasize, insistdassthaterhe, itaufin GermandieserthisWahlkundgebungelection rallynichtnot ... eitheralsthanMinister,minister, secretarysondernbut ratheralsthanVertreterrepresentativeseinerhis (dative)Parteipartygesprochenspoken (sprechen)hätte.I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)
Narrative
- 213
To Mr. Kurt Neumann, c/o the Massenhausen family
Anat, onHerrnMr.Kurttreatment, cureNeumannNeumannbeigetting the passport checkedFam.c/o the Massenhausen Family - 214
Massenhausen (69) Heidelberg Hauptstrasse 108 Prof.
(69) Heidelberg, 108 Hauptstrasse, Prof.
- 215
Dr. Fritz Neumann, Senior Government Councillor (retired)
Dr.Dr. (Doktor)FritzFritzNeumannNeumannOberregierungsratChief Government Counselor (Retired)i.the letter I - 216
R. (6695) Tholey, den 21.12.64 Bahnhofstrasse 21 Lieber Kurt!
(6695) Tholey, December 21, 1964, 21 Bahnhofstrasse. Dear Kurt!
- 217
In your last letter you asked me whether I had a few minutes to spare for you so that I could answer some questions about the system of government of the Federal Republic, because you had to write an essay on "Head of State, Parliament, Government, and Legislation in the Federal Republic" but were too lazy to study the relevant literature.
Duyou know (fam sing)schriebstwrote (schreiben)mirme, to meinin BonnDeinemyourletztenlast summerBrief,letterobwhetherichIeinigea fewMinutenin ten minutesZeittimefürforDichhurry uphätte,I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)umaroundDirto you, for youeinigea fewFragenaskübervia, aboutdasthatRegierungssystemsystem of governmentderthe airportBundesrepublikBundesrepublikzuto be declaredbeantworten,answerweilbecauseDuyou know (fam sing)einena walkAufsatzessayübervia, about"Staatsoberhaupt,head of stateParlament,parliamentRegierunggovernment, ruleundandGesetzgebunglegislationinin Bonnderthe airportBundesrepublik"Bundesrepublikzuto be declaredschreibenwritehättest,I'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)aberbutzuto be declaredfaullazywärest,would bediethe embassyeinschlägigethe literature on the subjectLiteraturthe literature on the subjectzuto be declaredstudieren.study (at a university) - 218
If I had been in your position, I myself would not have admitted such a thing so frankly to my uncle, and he would hardly have taken the trouble to encourage his nephew's laziness.
IchIselbstyourselfwürdeI would likejayessosoetwassome breadmeinemmy (dative)OnkelOnkelnichtnot ... eithersosodeutlichclear, obviouseingestandenadmitted (eingestehen)haben,havewärewould beichIinin your positionDeinerin your positionLagein your positiongewesen,she wasundanderhe, ithätteI'd like to have, I'm interested (in having)sichto get used (to something)kaumhardly, scarcelyMüheeffort, painsgemacht,done, made (past participle of machen)seinenhis (accusative)Neffennephewinin Bonndessenwhose, of whichFaulheitlazinesszuto be declaredunterstützen.support - 219
But since Christmas is just around the corner, let my answer be my Christmas present to you.
DathereaberbutdasthatWeihnachtsfestChristmasvoryou plan to doderthe airportTürdoorsteht,stands, is (es steht dem Dom gegenüber)mögemaymeinemyAntwortanswerdasthatWeihnachtsgeschenkChristmas presentfürforDichhurry upsein.be - 220
At the head of the Federal Republic is the Federal President, who is elected for five years by a special body, the Federal Convention.
Anat, onderthe airportSpitzeat the head (top)derthe airportBundesrepublikBundesrepublikstehtstands, is (es steht dem Dom gegenüber)derthe airportBundespräsident,Federal Presidentderthe airportvonofeinema (dative)besonderenspecial (besonder-)Gremium,council, convocationderthe airportBundesversammlung,Federal Assemblyaufin GermanfünffiveJahreyearsgewähltdialswird.he, it will be - 221
He represents the Federal Republic under international law.
Erhe, itvertrittrepresentdiethe embassyBundesrepublikBundesrepublikvölkerrechtlich.internationally - 222
On behalf of the Federation, he concludes treaties with foreign states, accredits and receives ambassadors and envoys, and appoints the Federal Chancellor elected by the Bundestag on his nomination.
Imin theNamenname (plural)desof the French authorBundesconfederation, league, allianceschliesstcloseerhe, itdiethe embassyVerträgeconclude a treatymitsausage and sauerkrautausländischenforeignStaaten,the United Statesbeglaubigtaccreditundandempfängtreception (plural)diethe embassyBotschafterembassyundandGesandtenenvoyundandernenntappointdentheaufin Germanseinenhis (accusative)Vorschlagsuggestion, proposalvomof the consulateBundestag(German) Lower House, Chamber of Deputiesgewähltenelected (wählen)Bundeskanzler.Federal Chancellor - 223
On the proposal of the Federal Chancellor, he appoints and dismisses the federal ministers.
Aufin GermanVorschlagsuggestion, proposaldesof the French authorBundeskanzlersof the Federal Chancellorernenntappointundandentlässtdismiss, dischargeerhe, itdiethe embassyBundesminister.(German Federal) foreign minister - 224
He also appoints and dismisses federal judges, civil servants, and officers, and exercises the power of pardon.
Erhe, iternenntappointundandentlässtdismiss, dischargeauchalso, toodiethe embassyBundesrichterFederal judgeundandBeamtenofficial (accusative/dative)undandOffiziereofficersundanderhe, itübtexercises (ausüben: übt ... aus)dasthatBegnadigungsrechtprerogative of mercy, right to pardonaus.out of, from - 225
The Basic Law (the constitution) has given the Federal Chancellor a strong position.
Demwith the waiterBundeskanzlerFederal Chancellorhathaves (he, she, it)dasthatGrundgesetzstatute, fundamental law(diethe embassyVerfassung)constitutioneineone Markstarkestrong, heavyStellungpositioneingeräumt.conceded (einräumen) - 226
He determines the general guidelines of policy and bears responsibility for them.
Erhe, itbestimmtcertainlydiethe embassyRichtliniencoursederthe airportPolitikpolitics, policyundandträgtcarry (he, she, it)diethe embassyVerantwortungresponsibilitydafür.for it - 227
The Bundestag can remove him at any time by an absolute majority, but only if a majority has first been secured for a successor.
Der(German) Lower House, Chamber of DeputiesBundestag(German) Lower House, Chamber of Deputieskannshe canihnhimjederzeitanytimemitsausage and sauerkrautabsoluterabsolute (absolut)Mehrheitmajorityabberufen;recall, removeaberbutnur,onlywennwhen, ifvorherbefore, firsteineone MarkMehrheitmajorityfürforeinena walkNachfolgersuccessorzustandegekommencome about (zustandekommen)ist.is - 228
This so-called "constructive vote of no confidence" is an effective safeguard against government crises.
Diesesthissogenannteso-called"konstruktiveconstructiveMisstrauensvotum"vote of censure, vote of no confidenceistiseinone yearwirksamereffectiveSchutzprotectiongegenagainstRegierungskrisen.government crises - 229
Die Bundesregierung ist die Trägerin der wesentlich politischen Funktion, der Leitung des Staates und der Zusammenordnung der obersten Organe mit der Aufgabe der politischen Initiative.
The Federal Government performs the essential political function of directing the state and coordinating its highest organs, with responsibility for political initiative.
- 230
It represents the executive power; that is, it is responsible for implementing the laws.
Siewould you likerepräsentiertrepresents (repräsentieren)diethe embassyvollziehendeexecutiveGewalt,executived.h.,i.e.siewould you likehathaves (he, she, it)fürfordiecarrying outDurchführungcarrying outderthe airportGesetzeset (I)zuto be declaredsorgen.worry about - 231
In addition, it has the right to initiate legislation and thus plays a decisive part in the legislative process.
Ausserdembesides thathathaves (he, she, it)siewould you likedasthatRechtright, all rightzurto theGesetzesinitiativelegislative initiativeundandistisinsoweitto that extentanat, onderthe airportGesetzgebunglegislationmassgeblichdecisivebeteiligt.participate in something
The particulars
- The course
- Foreign Service Institute, German Basic Course, Washington, 1961. Public domain. The teaching pages, the glosses and the narration of lines the tape lacks are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The app
- The course on your phone, with the drills, your place kept and the audio offline.
- The book
- New Poems, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents