Japanese Basic Course 1732 Studios

Japanese · Lesson 50

Lesson 50

Kanji and everyday Japanese

198 lines

Planning a flight to Japan · Dialogue 1 of 3

The flight to Japan

One speaker asks how the other will travel to Japan. *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています* means "It's been decided that I go by plane."

They discuss the aircraft and the airport. The traveler expects an ordinary propeller passenger plane and will fly from Travis Air Base.

A settled plan

In *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています*, *事に なっています* presents the flight as a decided arrangement.

Kanji: 飛, 機, 空

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

Kanji: 出

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

  1. 1

    いよいよにほんへいくそうですね。ふねはいつでるのですか。

    I understand you are going to Japan at last. When is your ship leaving?

    いよいよat last
    日本Japan
    へtoward
    行くgo
    そうI hear
    ですis
    ね。right?
    船ship
    はtopic
    いつwhen
    出るleave
    のthe fact
    ですis
    か。question
  2. 2

    ひこうきでいくことになっています。

    It's been decided that I go by plane.

  3. 3

    ああ、そうですか。それはいいですね。ジェットきははやくて、らくだそうですから。

    Oh, is that right? That's good, because I understand that jet planes are fast and comfortable.

  4. 4

    ジェットきならいいんですが、たぶんふつうのプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるとおもいます。

    It will be nice if it's a jet plane, but it probably will turn out that I go by ordinary propeller passenger plane.

  5. 5

    どこのひこうじょうからしゅっぱつするのですか。サンフランシスコくうこうからですか。

    From what airport are you leaving? Is it the San Francisco Airport?

  6. 6

    いいえ、トラビスこうくうきちからとびます。

    No, I will fly from Travis Air Base.

---MAI

1. ---MAI

a. Inflected Suffix ---MAI is used after the basic form of consonant verbs or after the negative base of vowel verbs and negative ---SHI of SURU and ---KO of KURU to express negative conjecture. ---MAI may also follow the polite present form in ---MASU.

Examples:

ANO HITO WA NIHONGO O HANASU MAI. "He probably won't speak Japanese."

KYOO WA FUJISAN MO MIEMASU MAI. "Today even Mt. Fuji may not be visible."

KORE WA ANO HITO NIWA WAKARU MAI. "He probably won't understand this."

TANAKA-SAN WA ATARASHII JIDOOSHA O KAU MAI. "Mr. Tanaka probably won't buy a new car."

b. MAI may also express negative determination when following a first person subject. This will be dealt with in Lesson 52.
NONI

2. NONI

Following the basic form of verbs and I-adjectives, and inflected suffixes (past tense of verbs and I-adjectives)

and attributive or NA-form of NA-adjectives, NONI expresses opposition to the action stated by the verb 'although,' or 'but.' NONI also follows noun + NA form.

Examples:

ANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SURU NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN. "Although he studies hard, he doesn't do well."

ANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SHITA NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN DESHITA. "Although he studied hard, he didn't do well."

SAMUI NONI YUKI GA FURIMASEN. "It's cold but it doesn't snow."

WATAKUSHI WA AMMARI TABENAI NONI FUTORIMASU. "Even though I don't eat too much, I still get fat."

ANO HITO WA BYOOKI NA NONI HATARAITE IMASU. "He is sick, yet he is working."
KOTO NI NARIMASHITA

3. KOTO NI NARIMASHITA

Following the basic form of verbs and the negative suffix NAI, KOTO NI NARIMASHITA expresses an idea of "it was decided that ---." KOTO NI NATTE IMASU is a variation of KOTO NI NARIMASHITA, and it expresses the meaning of 'is to --,' 'it is so stipulated that---,' or 'it is customary to ---.'

Examples:

IKU KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. "It was decided that I go."

IKANAI KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. "It was decided that I don't go."

WATAKUSHI WA MAIASA ROKUJI NI OKIRU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "It is customary for me to get up at 6 every morning."

WATAKUSHI WA ASHITA HATARAKU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "I'm to work tomorrow."

NICHIYOOBI NIWA HATARAITE WA IKENAI KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "It is so stipulated that I must not work on Sundays."
---ZURE

4. ---ZURE

ZURE is a phonetic change of TSURE 'a companion.' ZURE follows such words as KAZOKU (family), FUTARI (two people), SANNIN (three people) etc.

Examples:

KAZOKU ZURE 'accompanied by family'

FUTARI ZURE 'a party of two'

SANNIN ZURE 'a party of three'

WATAKUSHI WA KAZOKU ZURE DE SANPO NI DEKAKEMASHITA. "I went out for a walk accompanied by my family."

FUTARI ZURE DE EIGA NI IKIMASHITA. "Two of us went to a movie."
いよいよ
at last, finally
へ
to (See Gram. Notes)
そう
numerical counter for ships
です
to be (See Gram. Notes)
ね。
isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
は
leaves
いつ
when?
の
See Grammar Notes
か。
either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
で
--is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
に
on (See Gram. Notes)
ます。
trout
ああ、
Oh, yes
いい
good (See Gram. Notes)
だ
to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
から。
from (See Gram. Notes)
なら
if it is (See Gram. Notes)
が、
but (See Gram. Notes)
プロペラ
propeller
と
and (See Gram. Notes)
サンフランシスコ
San Francisco
空港
airport

Family travel and baggage · Dialogue 2 of 3

Family, documents, and furniture

The traveler says *いいえ、 家族づれです*, "No, I will be accompanied by my family."

The speakers then discuss passports, visas, furniture, and shipping the remaining baggage to Japan.

Travel with companions

*ZURE* is a changed form of *TSURE*, "a companion." It follows a word that identifies the companions.

In *家族づれです*, *家族づれ* means "accompanied by my family."

The ending *まい* in *出来ますまい* gives the traveler's prediction that leaving the family behind probably is not possible.

Kanji: 族, 荷

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

Kanji: 大, 使, 物

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

  1. 7

    ひとりでいくのですか。

    Are you going by yourself?

  2. 8

    いいえ、かぞくづれです。たいしかんづきぶかんとしてさんねんにほんできんむすることになっていますから、かぞくをおいていくことはできますまい。

    No, I will be accompanied by my family. I probably won't be able to leave my family behind and go, because I am to serve three years in Japan in the capacity of a military attache to an embassy.

  3. 9

    たいしかんづきぶかんのばあいにも、りょけんがいりますか。

    Are passports required even in the case of an embassy attache?

  4. 10

    いりますよ。でも、さしょうはいりません。

    Yes, they are. However, visas are not required.

  5. 11

    にもつやかぐはどうするのですか。

    What are you going to do about your baggage and furniture?

  6. 12

    せいふのかぐがむこうにあるそうですから、しんだいなどおおきくておもいものはあずけておきます。ほかのにもつはふねでおくります。

    I understand they have government furniture there, so I'll have my large and heavy things like beds stored away. I'll send other baggage by ship.

一人
one person
大使
ambassador
し
city
三
three
年
year (See Grammar Notes)
ます
trout
から、
from (See Gram. Notes)
を
particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
けん
numerical counter for houses (See Gram. Notes)
が
but (See Gram. Notes)
さしょう
visa
荷物
luggage, baggage, load
や
and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
家
house, home
むこう
destination, yonder
ある
certain, some
など
and so forth, etc.

Packing and luggage limits · Dialogue 3 of 3

Packing within the limit

The traveler says *今週まつに 荷づくりして 送り出します*, "I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend."

An adult can take *六十五ポンドまで*, "up to 65 pounds." The hand luggage therefore contains a few things needed every day.

Kanji: 着

New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.

  1. 13

    すこしはやくおくりださなければなりませんね。

    You have to ship those things a little earlier, don't you?

  2. 14

    ええ、こんしゅうまつににづくりしておくりだします。

    I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend.

  3. 15

    てにもつはどのぐらいもっていけますか。

    About how much hand luggage can you take with you?

  4. 16

    おとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでもっていけます。

    An adult can take with him up to 65 pounds.

  5. 17

    では、きるものだけはもっていけますね。

    Then, you can at least take clothes, can't you?

  6. 18

    ええ、にちじょういるものだけすこしもっていけます。

    Yes, I can just take a few of the things that I need everyday.

少し
little (quantity)
ええ、
Yes
今週
this week
どの
which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)
ぐらい
about
六十
60
五
five
ポンド
pound
まで
as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)
だけ
only, just (See Grammar Notes)
いる
to need (See Gram. Notes)

Predictions that something will not happen · Perception drill, Block 1

A negative prediction

*あの人は 今晩 来まい* means "He probably will not come tonight." The ending *まい* makes this a negative conjecture.

Where the ending goes

A consonant verb takes *まい* after its dictionary form, as in *わかるまい*. A vowel verb uses its negative base, as in *おきまい*.

*SURU* gives *しまい*, and *KURU* gives *来まい*. The ending can also follow the polite form in *ます*.

*あの人は 今晩 来まい ―― 来ますまい* gives the same prediction in both forms.

  1. 19

    このにほんごはあのひとにはわかるまい。

    He probably will not understand this Japanese.

  2. 20

    あのひとはごじにはおきまい。

    He probably will not get up at 5 o'clock.

  3. 21

    あのひとはこんばんきまい。

    He probably will not come tonight.

  4. 22

    あのひとはそんなことはしまい。

    He probably will not do such a thing.

  5. 23

    あのひとはこんばんきますまい。

    He probably will not come tonight.

  6. 24

    こんばんあめはふるまい――ふりますまい。

    It probably will not rain tonight — It probably will not rain tonight.

  7. 25

    あのひとはまだやすむまい――やすみますまい。

    He probably will not rest yet — He probably will not rest yet.

  8. 26

    たなかさんはあしたはたらくまい――はたらきますまい。

    Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow — Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow.

  9. 27

    あのひとはこんばんきまい――きますまい。

    He probably will not come tonight — He probably will not come tonight.

  10. 28

    あのひとはこんばんべんきょうしまい――べんきょうしますまい。

    He probably will not study tonight — He probably will not study tonight.

  11. 29

    スミスさんはこのさかなをたべまい――たべますまい。

    Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish — Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish.

  12. 30

    これはあのひとにはできまい――できますまい。

    He probably cannot do this — He probably cannot do this.

人
people
時
time
雨
rain
降る
to fall (rain) (v.i.)
まだ
yet, still
明日
tomorrow
さかな
fish

Contrasting unexpected facts · Perception drill, Block 2

An unexpected result

*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ない* means "Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well."

The first fact creates an expectation. The result after *のに* opposes that expectation.

Joining the two facts

*のに* means "although" or "but." It follows the present or past form of a verb or I-adjective.

A NA-adjective or noun takes *な* before *のに*. In *下手なのに 好きです*, being poor at golf contrasts with liking it.

  1. 31

    あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできない。

    Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well.

  2. 32

    さむいのにオーバーをきません。

    Although it is cold, he doesn't wear an overcoat.

  3. 33

    あのひとはゴルフがへたなのにすきです。

    Although he is poor at golf, he likes it.

  4. 34

    あのせいとはあんまりべんきょうしないのに、よくできます。

    Although that student does not study very much, he does well.

  5. 35

    あのひとはながいあいだにほんにいたのににほんごができません。

    Although he was in Japan for a long time, he cannot speak Japanese.

  6. 36

    あのひとはたくさんたべるのにふとりません。

    Although he eats a lot, he does not gain weight.

  7. 37

    やすいのにかいません。

    Although it is cheap, I will not buy it.

  8. 38

    ふるいのにたかいです。

    Although it is old, it is expensive.

  9. 39

    あのせいとはひまなのにべんきょうしません。

    Although that student has free time, he does not study.

よく
well, skillfully
さむい
cold
オーバー
overcoat
ゴルフ
golf
下手
unskilled, poor in doing things
好き
to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)
です。
to be (See Gram. Notes)
古い
old, antique
ひま
leisure time, free

Decided future arrangements · Perception drill, Block 3

A decision about Japan

*日本へ 行く 事に なりました* means "It has been decided that I go to Japan." The decision concerns the verb before *事に なりました*.

Decisions and standing arrangements

*事になりました* follows a dictionary form or a verb in *ない*. It states what was decided.

*事になっています* states an arrangement, rule, or custom. *日本へ 家族を つれて 行けない 事に なっています* gives a negative rule.

That line means "It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan."

  1. 40

    わたくしはにほんへいくことになっています。

    It has been decided that I go to Japan.

  2. 41

    にほんへいくことになります。

    It will be decided that I go to Japan.

  3. 42

    にほんへいくことになるでしょう。

    It will probably be decided that I go to Japan.

  4. 43

    にほんへいくことになりました。

    It has been decided that I go to Japan.

  5. 44

    にほんへいくことになっていましたが…

    It had been decided that I go to Japan, but…

  6. 45

    わたくしたちはさんがつにそつぎょうすることになっています。

    It has been decided that we graduate in March.

  7. 46

    にほんにさんねんぐらいいることになっています。

    It has been decided that I stay in Japan for about three years.

  8. 47

    にほんへかぞくをつれていけないことになっています。

    It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan.

  9. 48

    わたくしはにほんではたらくことになりました。

    It has been decided that I work in Japan.

  10. 49

    きょうはともだちのいえでゆうはんをたべることになっています。

    It's been arranged that I eat dinner at a friend's house today.

  11. 50

    たなかさんはらいしゅうにゅういんすることになっています。

    It has been decided that Mr. Tanaka enter the hospital next week.

でしょう。
probably (See Gram. Notes)
が…
but (See Gram. Notes)
月
moon, month (See Grammar Notes)
今日
today
来週
next week

Predicting what will not happen · Pattern 1 1 of 3

Predictions about actions

*田中さんは 今日 学校へ 来 まい* means "Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today."

The ending *まい* also predicts events. *さくらの 花は 三月には さくまい* predicts that the blossoms will not bloom in March.

  1. 51

    これはあのひとにはわかるまい。

    He probably will not comprehend this.

  2. 52

    あのひとはろくじにはおきまい。

    He probably will not get up at 6 o'clock.

  3. 53

    たなかさんはきょうがっこうへこまい。

    Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today.

  4. 54

    スミスさんはどようびにはべんきょうしまい。

    Mr. Smith probably will not study on Saturday.

  5. 55

    あのひとはにほんごはわかりますまい。

    He probably will not understand Japanese.

  6. 56

    さくらのはなはさんがつにはさくまい。

    The cherry blossoms probably will not bloom in March.

  7. 57

    がっこうはまだはじまるまい。

    School probably will not start yet.

  8. 58

    きょうはどようびですから、あのひとはいえにいまい。

    Since today is Saturday, he probably will not be at home.

六
six
さくら
cherry (flower)

Estimating delayed events · Pattern 1 2 of 3

The time before an event

With *まい*, *七時半頃まで 始まりますまい* means the movie "probably will not start until around seven-thirty."

*まだ 二三日は 仕事に 来られますまい* means he probably cannot return to work for another two or three days.

  1. 59

    これはせいとにはよめますまい。

    The students probably cannot read this.

  2. 60

    あのひとはこんばんおくさんをつれてきますまい。

    He probably will not bring his wife tonight.

  3. 61

    こんばんのえいがはなんじにはじまるのでしょうか。

    I wonder what time tonight's movie will start.

  4. 62

    しちじにはじまるはずですが、しちじはまだあかるいから、しちじはんごろまではじまりますまい。

    It is supposed to start at seven, but since it is still light at seven, it probably will not start until around seven-thirty.

  5. 63

    やまもとさんはかぜをひいて、ねているそうですが、あしたしごとにこられますか。

    I understand Mr. Yamamoto has a cold and is in bed, but will he be able to come to work tomorrow?

  6. 64

    さあ、まだねつがあるそうですから、まだにさんにちはしごとにこられますまい。

    Well, I understand he still has a fever, so he probably will not be able to come to work for another two or three days.

  7. 65

    たなかさんはもうおきているでしょうか。

    I wonder if Mr. Tanaka is already up.

  8. 66

    さあ、さくばんおそくまでおきていたから、じゅうじごろまでおきますまい。

    Well, since he stayed up late last night, he probably will not get up until around ten.

映画
movie
でしょう
probably (See Gram. Notes)
七
seven
明るい
light
頃
approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)
かぜ
wind
ね
isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
さあ、
well, now, here, come
ねつ
fever
もう
already (See Gram. Notes)
おそく
late (adverbial form of OSOI, be late, be slow)
十
ten

Travel and action verbs · Pattern 1 3 of 3

Actions at home and away

These verbs cover movement and errands. *つれて行く* means "to take someone along," and *出かける* means "to go out."

The set also reaches weather and housework. *晴れる* means "to clear up."

  1. 67

    つかう

    to use

  2. 68

    かう

    to buy

  3. 69

    つれていく

    to take someone along

  4. 70

    はなす

    to speak

  5. 71

    はれる

    to clear up

  6. 72

    そうじする

    to clean

  7. 73

    かってくる

    to buy and bring back

  8. 74

    でかける

    to go out

使う
to use, employ
買う
to buy
晴れる
to clear (v.i.)
そうじ
cleaning

Contrasting actions and outcomes · Pattern 2 1 of 3

What happened despite the first fact

*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ません* means "Although that student studies hard, he does not do well."

The *のに* in *よく 気を つけたのに かぜを ひきました* contrasts being careful with catching a cold.

  1. 75

    わたくしはたくさんたべるのにふとらない。

    Although I eat a lot, I don't get fat.

  2. 76

    ちかいのにあるいていきません。

    Although it is close, he doesn't go there on foot.

  3. 77

    あのひとはゴルフがすきなのにへたです。

    Although he likes golf, he is poor at it.

  4. 78

    あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできません。

    Although that student studies hard, he does not do well.

  5. 79

    たなかさんはあめがふるのにはたらいています。

    Mr. Tanaka is working although it is raining.

  6. 80

    やまもとさんはよくきをつけたのにかぜをひきました。

    Although Mr. Yamamoto was very careful, he caught a cold.

  7. 81

    わたくしはよくべんきょうしたのにおぼえていません。

    Although I studied hard, I do not remember it.

  8. 82

    あのひとはからだがちいさいのによくたべます。

    Although he is small, he eats a lot.

  9. 83

    やまださんはおかねがないのにたかいものをかいます。

    Although Mr. Yamada has no money, he buys expensive things.

  10. 84

    あのせいとはかくのはへたなのにはなすのはじょうずです。

    Although that student is poor at writing, he is good at speaking.

近い
near, close
体
body, health
上手
skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)

Unexpected results despite effort · Pattern 2 2 of 3

Effort without the expected result

*もう 四月に なったのに さくらが さきませんね* contrasts the arrival of April with blossoms that have not bloomed.

The ending *のに* also links effort to a result that remains absent.

*医者に かかったのに まだ なおりません* contrasts going to the doctor with a cold that still has not improved.

  1. 85

    いっしゅうかんまえにくさをかったのにもうこんなにのびました。

    Although I cut the grass a week ago, it has already grown this much.

  2. 86

    あったかいから、くさもよくのびますよ。

    Since it is warm, the grass grows well too.

  3. 87

    もうしがつになったのにさくらがさきませんね。

    Although it is already April, the cherry blossoms have not bloomed yet.

  4. 88

    ことしはさむかったから、さくのがおそいのでしょう。

    Since it was cold this year, they are probably late blooming.

  5. 89

    かぜがなおりましたか。

    Has your cold gotten better?

  6. 90

    いいえ、いしゃにかかったのにまだなおりません。

    No, although I went to the doctor, it still has not gotten better.

  7. 91

    このぶんしょうをなんどもよみました。

    I read this passage many times.

  8. 92

    まだいみがよくわかりません。

    I still do not understand the meaning very well.

  9. 93

    たくさんたべました。

    I ate a lot.

  10. 94

    おなかがすいています。

    I am hungry.

一
one
前
before, front
あったかい
warm
四
four
今年
this year
さく
to bloom (v.i.)
おそい
be late
医者
medical doctor
文章
sentence
いみ
meaning
おなか
stomach

Opposing facts and outcomes · Pattern 2 3 of 3

Two facts for one contrast

*あんまり 食べません* means "I do not eat very much." *ふとります* means "I gain weight."

The ending *のに* joins such opposing facts. The same contrast appears between *医者に かかりました* and *病気が なおりません*.

  1. 95

    きものがよごれました。

    My clothes got dirty.

  2. 96

    きかえません。

    I do not change clothes.

  3. 97

    あんまりたべません。

    I do not eat very much.

  4. 98

    ふとります。

    I gain weight.

  5. 99

    ひがてっています。

    The sun is shining.

  6. 100

    あめがふります。

    It rains.

  7. 101

    いしゃにかかりました。

    I went to see a doctor.

  8. 102

    びょうきがなおりません。

    I do not recover from my illness.

Stating scheduled plans · Pattern 3 1 of 3

Plans and requirements

*家内を 日本へ つれて 行く 事に なりました* means "It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan."

*教室で 英語を 話さない 事に なっています* means it has been decided that the students will not speak English in the classroom.

  1. 103

    くがつにはがっこうへいくことになりました。

    It was decided that I go to school in September.

  2. 104

    わたくしはモンテレーにすむことになりました。

    It has been decided that I will live in Monterey.

  3. 105

    かないをにほんへつれていくことになりました。

    It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan.

  4. 106

    きょうしつでえいごをはなさないことになっています。

    It has been decided that we will not speak English in the classroom.

  5. 107

    こんばんろくじにえいがにいくことになっています。

    It has been decided that we will go to the movies at six this evening.

  6. 108

    がいこくじんのなまえはカタカナでかくことになっています。

    Foreigners' names are to be written in katakana.

  7. 109

    せいとたちはダイアログをあんきすることになっています。

    The students are to memorize the dialogue.

九
nine
モンテレー
Monterey
住む
to live, reside
ダイアログ
dialogue

Asking about school requirements · Pattern 3 2 of 3

What the school requires

*何か月ぐらい 日本語を 勉強する 事に なっていますか* asks about the required length of study. The answer gives eleven months.

The form *事に なっています* also states days without school and the required number of characters.

  1. 110

    あなたがたはこのがっこうでなんかげつぐらいにほんごをべんきょうすることになっていますか。

    About how many months are you to study Japanese at this school?

  2. 111

    じゅういっかげつべんきょうすることになっています。

    We are to study for eleven months.

  3. 112

    どようびにもがっこうへいきますか。

    Do you go to school on Saturdays too?

  4. 113

    いいえ、どようびとにちようびにはいかないことになっています。

    No, we are not to go on Saturdays or Sundays.

  5. 114

    このがっこうのせいとはかんじをいくつぐらいならうことになっていますか。

    About how many Chinese characters are the students at this school to learn?

  6. 115

    はっぴゃくごじゅうぐらいならうことになっています。

    They are to learn about eight hundred and fifty.

  7. 116

    ならう

    to learn

八百
800
五十
50

Routine action verbs · Pattern 3 3 of 3

Actions in a routine

These verbs cover routine actions. *買う* means "to buy," and *うつる* means "to move."

The set ranges from movement to chores and rest. *送る* means "to send."

  1. 117

    かう

    to buy

  2. 118

    かえる

    to return

  3. 119

    おきる

    to get up

  4. 120

    そうじする

    to clean

  5. 121

    おくる

    to send

  6. 122

    やすむ

    to rest

  7. 123

    うつる

    to move

おきる
to rise, get up (v.i.)
送る
to send (v.t.)
うつる
to infect, contract, catch

Moving to Japan by air · Reading Selection 1 of 2

A posting in Japan

Major Smith graduates and then goes to Japan. *日本へ 行く 事に なりました* presents the posting as decided.

He expects to travel by plane with his family because he will serve in Japan as a military attaché.

The family and its belongings

*家族づれ* means "accompanied by family." The family leaves from Travis Air Base on December tenth.

They store large, heavy belongings in the United States and send the other luggage by ship.

  1. 124

    スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしていよいよにほんへいくことになりました。

    After graduating from the Japanese language school, Major Smith is finally going to Japan.

  2. 125

    たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんできんむすることになっていますから、たぶんかぞくづれでいかなければならないとおもいます。

    Since he is to serve in Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, I think he will probably have to take his family with him.

  3. 126

    ですから、じゅうにがつのとおかにトラビスこうくうきちからひこうきででるそうです。

    Therefore, I understand that they will leave Travis Air Base by plane on December tenth.

  4. 127

    ジェットきならはやくて、らくですが、たぶんプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるだろうといっていました。

    He said that a jet would be fast and comfortable, but that they would probably end up going by propeller passenger plane.

  5. 128

    かぐはほとんどなんでもむこうにあるそうですから、おおきくておもいものはべいこくであずけておいて、ほかのにもつは

    Since almost all kinds of furniture are available there, they will leave the large, heavy things in the United States, and as for the other luggage—

  6. 129

    ふねでおくるそうです。

    I understand that they will send it by ship.

二
two
か
either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
ほとんど
almost (See Gram. Notes)

Air travel limits and documents · Reading Selection 2 of 2

What the family can carry

Air travel limits the family to hand luggage. *日じょういる 物しか 持って 行けません* means they can take only the things needed every day.

The limit is sixty-five pounds for each adult, so Mrs. Smith is busy packing.

A passport but no visa

*りょけんは いりますが、 さしょうは いりません* means a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.

When a visa is necessary, it can be obtained at the consulate in San Francisco.

  1. 130

    でひこうきのりょこうですから、てにもつしかもっていけません。

    Since they are traveling by plane, they can take only hand luggage.

  2. 131

    てにもつはおとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでですから、にちじょういるものしかもっていけません。

    The hand-luggage limit is sixty-five pounds per adult, so they can take only the things they need every day.

  3. 132

    ですから、スミスさんのおくさんもにづくりでたいへんいそがしいのです。

    Therefore, Mrs. Smith is also very busy packing.

  4. 133

    たいしかんづきぶかんとして、にほんへいくばあいは、りょけんはいりますが、さしょうはいりません。

    When going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.

  5. 134

    さしょうがいるばあいは、サンフランシスコのりょうじかんへいって、それをもらうことができます。

    When a visa is necessary, you can go to the consulate in San Francisco and get one.

大へん
very
いそがしい
busy
りょうじ
consul
もらう
to receive (tangible things)

Travel plans and shipped belongings · Questions 1 of 2

The travel arrangements

The questions ask where, when, and how Major Smith travels, who accompanies him, and what happens to his belongings.

*飛行機で いつ、 どこから 出る 事に なっていますか* means "When and from where is he to leave by plane?" An answer gives both the date and place.

  1. 135

    スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしてどこへいくことになりましたか。

    After graduating from the Japanese language school, where is Major Smith going?

  2. 136

    スミスたいさはどんなきんむでにほんへいきますか。

    In what capacity is Major Smith going to Japan?

  3. 137

    ひとりでにほんへいきますか。

    Is he going to Japan by himself?

  4. 138

    ひこうきでいつ、どこからでることになっていますか。

    When and from where is he to leave by plane?

  5. 139

    ジェットきでにほんへいくのですか。

    Is he going to Japan by jet?

  6. 140

    かぐをみなにほんへもっていきますか。

    Will he take all his furniture to Japan?

  7. 141

    おおきくておもいにもつはどうしますか。

    What will he do with the large, heavy luggage?

  8. 142

    ほかのにもつはどうしますか。

    What will he do with the other luggage?

どんな
what kind of; what sort of
き
counter for airplanes (See Gram. Notes)
いつ、
when?
から
from (See Gram. Notes)

Baggage, passports and visas · Questions 2 of 2

Limits and documents

The questions ask about the hand-luggage limit, shipping, packing, passports, visas, and the consular procedure.

*手荷物は 何ポンドまで 持って 行けますか* means "How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?" An answer gives the weight limit.

  1. 143

    ひこうきのりょこうでてにもつをもっていけますか。

    Can he take hand luggage when traveling by plane?

  2. 144

    てにもつはなんポンドまでもっていけますか。

    How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?

  3. 145

    にもつはなんでおくりますか。

    How will he send the luggage?

  4. 146

    だれがにづくりをしますか。

    Who will do the packing?

  5. 147

    たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんへいくばあいにはりょけんがいりますか。

    Is a passport necessary when going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy?

  6. 148

    さしょうはどうですか。

    What about a visa?

  7. 149

    さしょうがいるばあいはどうしなければなりませんか。

    What must he do when a visa is necessary?

だれ
who?

Diplomatic and travel documents · Word list 1 of 5

Offices, documents, and belongings

These words cover diplomatic travel. *りょ けん* means "passport," and *さしょう* means "visa."

Office names add *館* to the matching title. *りょうじ館* means "consulate."

  1. 150

    りょけん

    passport

  2. 151

    さしょう

    visa

  3. 152

    りょうじ

    consul

  4. 153

    りょうじかん

    consulate

  5. 154

    そうりょうじ

    consul general

  6. 155

    そうりょうじかん

    consulate general

  7. 156

    たいし

    ambassador

  8. 157

    たいしかん

    embassy

  9. 158

    にもつ

    luggage, baggage, load

  10. 159

    かぐ

    furniture

りょけん
passport
りょうじ館
consulate
そうりょうじ
consul general
そうりょうじ館
consulate general
大使館
embassy
家ぐ
furniture

Aircraft, airports and baggage words · Word list 2 of 5

Air travel and baggage

These words cover aircraft and departure places. *ジェット機* means "jet plane," and *こう空きち* means "air base."

The set also covers baggage, weight, and official duty. *手荷物* means "hand baggage."

  1. 160

    しんだい

    bed

  2. 161

    ジェットき

    jet plane

  3. 162

    りょかっき

    passenger plane

  4. 163

    ひこうじょう

    airfield, airport

  5. 164

    くうこう

    airport

  6. 165

    こうくうきち

    air base

  7. 166

    てにもつ

    hand baggage

  8. 167

    ポンド

    pound

  9. 168

    プロペラ

    propeller

  10. 169

    きんむ

    duty, service, work

しんだい
bed
ジェット機
jet plane
りょかっ機
passenger plane
飛行場
airfield, airport
こう空きち
air base
手荷物
hand baggage
きん務
duty, service, work

Shipping and diplomatic service words · Word list 3 of 5

Service and shipping

These words cover diplomatic service and moving goods. *大使館づきぶかん* means "military attache."

The shipping actions distinguish *荷づくりする*, "to pack," from *送り出す*, "to send out, ship out."

  1. 170

    たいしかんづきぶかん

    military attache

  2. 171

    せいふ

    government

  3. 172

    きんむする

    to serve, be on duty

  4. 173

    おいていく

    to leave behind

  5. 174

    あずける

    to entrust, deposit, store

  6. 175

    おくりだす

    to send out, ship out

  7. 176

    にづくりする

    to pack

  8. 177

    はけんする

    to send out, dispatch

  9. 178

    しゅっぱつする

    to depart

  10. 179

    しゅっぱんする

    to sail, depart by boat

大使館づきぶかん
military attache
せいふ
government
きん務する
to serve, be on duty
おいて行く
to leave behind
あずける
to entrust, deposit, store
送り出す
to send out, ship out
荷づくりする
to pack
はけんする
to send out, dispatch
出ぱつする
to depart
出ぱんする
to sail, depart by boat

Travel arrangements and contrast expressions · Word list 4 of 5

Arrangements and contrasts

These expressions cover decisions, accompanied travel, negative predictions, and unexpected contrasts. *事になりました* means "It was decided that."

The ending *まい* means "will probably not," while *のに* means "in spite of" or "although."

  1. 180

    らくな

    NA-adjective comfortable, pleasant

  2. 181

    いよいよ

    at last, finally

  3. 182

    --ことになっています

    It is stipulated that, it is customary that (See Grammar Notes)

  4. 183

    --ことになりました

    It was decided that --- (See Grammar Notes)

  5. 184

    ああ

    Oh, yes

  6. 185

    かぞくづれ

    accompanied by family (See Grammar Notes)

  7. 186

    --まい

    will probably not (conjectural negative suffix (See Grammar Notes)

  8. 187

    --として

    as, in the capacity of

  9. 188

    --のばあい

    in case of ---

  10. 189

    --のに

    in spite of, although (See Grammar Notes)

らくな
NA-adjective comfortable, pleasant
--事になっています
It is stipulated that, it is customary that (See Grammar Notes)
--事になりました
It was decided that --- (See Grammar Notes)
ああ
Oh, yes
家族づれ
accompanied by family (See Grammar Notes)
--まい
will probably not (conjectural negative suffix (See Grammar Notes)
--として
as, in the capacity of
--の場あい
in case of ---
--のに
in spite of, although (See Grammar Notes)

Visas, shipping and departure expressions · Word list 5 of 5

Visas, shipping, and departure

*さしょうは 大使館、 そうりょうじ館、 又は りょうじ館で もらいます* means "You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate."

In *一か月前に 送り出しておいたのに、 着かないで こまりました*, *のに* contrasts advance shipping with luggage that did not arrive in time.

*出ぱんは いつですか* asks "When is the sailing day?"

  1. 190

    らくだ

    -- is comfortable

  2. 191

    --ようになる

    to become so as to --

  3. 192

    さしょうはたいしかん、そうりょうじかん、またはりょうじかんでもらいます。

    You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate.

  4. 193

    たいし

    'ambassador'

  5. 194

    そうりょうじ

    'consul general'

  6. 195

    りょうじ

    'consul'

  7. 196

    それはいいかんがえです。

    That's a good idea.

  8. 197

    わたくしはこのまえ、フランスへはけんされたとき、にもつはしゅっぱつのいっかげつまえにおくりだしておいたのに、つかないでこまりました。

    When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time.

  9. 198

    しゅっぱんはいつですか。

    When is the sailing day?

らくだ
-- is comfortable
--ようになる
to become so as to --
さしょうは大使館、そうりょうじ館、又はりょうじ館でもらいます。
"You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate."
それはいいかんがえです。
"That's a good idea."
私はこの前、フランスへはけんされた時、荷物は出ぱつの一か月前に送り出しておいたのに、着かないでこまりました。
"When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time."
出ぱんはいつですか。
"When is the sailing day?"

The particulars

The course
Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
Reading aloud
Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
The book
Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
Data
JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents
Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.