Japanese · Lesson 50
Lesson 50
Kanji and everyday Japanese
Planning a flight to Japan · Dialogue 1 of 3
The flight to Japan
One speaker asks how the other will travel to Japan. *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています* means "It's been decided that I go by plane."
They discuss the aircraft and the airport. The traveler expects an ordinary propeller passenger plane and will fly from Travis Air Base.
A settled plan
In *飛行機で 行く 事に なっています*, *事に なっています* presents the flight as a decided arrangement.
Kanji: 飛, 機, 空
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
Kanji: 出
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 1
いよいよにほんへいくそうですね。ふねはいつでるのですか。
I understand you are going to Japan at last. When is your ship leaving?
いよいよat last日本Japanへtoward行くgoそうI hearですisね。right?船shipはtopicいつwhen出るleaveのthe factですisか。question - 2
ひこうきでいくことになっています。
It's been decided that I go by plane.
飛行plane機planeでby行くgo事thatにtoなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided - 3
ああ、そうですか。それはいいですね。ジェットきははやくて、らくだそうですから。
Oh, is that right? That's good, because I understand that jet planes are fast and comfortable.
ああ、ohそうsoですisか。questionそれthatはtopicいいgoodですisね。right?ジェットjet plane機jet planeはtopic早くfastて、andらくcomfortableだisそうI hearですisから。because - 4
ジェットきならいいんですが、たぶんふつうのプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるとおもいます。
It will be nice if it's a jet plane, but it probably will turn out that I go by ordinary propeller passenger plane.
ジェットjet plane機jet planeならif it isいいgoodんthe factですisが、but多分probablyふつうordinaryのofプロペラpropellerりpassenger planeょpassenger planeかpassenger planeっpassenger plane機passenger planeでby行くgoようso thatにtoなるturn outとquote思いthinkます。polite - 5
どこのひこうじょうからしゅっぱつするのですか。サンフランシスコくうこうからですか。
From what airport are you leaving? Is it the San Francisco Airport?
どこwhereのof飛行airport場airportからfrom出ぱつdepartするdoのthe factですisか。questionサンフランシスコSan Francisco空港airportからfromですisか。question - 6
いいえ、トラビスこうくうきちからとびます。
No, I will fly from Travis Air Base.
いいえ、noトラビスTravisこうair base空air baseきちair baseからfrom飛びflyます。polite
---MAI
1. ---MAI
a. Inflected Suffix ---MAI is used after the basic form of consonant verbs or after the negative base of vowel verbs and negative ---SHI of SURU and ---KO of KURU to express negative conjecture. ---MAI may also follow the polite present form in ---MASU.
Examples:
ANO HITO WA NIHONGO O HANASU MAI. "He probably won't speak Japanese."
KYOO WA FUJISAN MO MIEMASU MAI. "Today even Mt. Fuji may not be visible."
KORE WA ANO HITO NIWA WAKARU MAI. "He probably won't understand this."
TANAKA-SAN WA ATARASHII JIDOOSHA O KAU MAI. "Mr. Tanaka probably won't buy a new car."
b. MAI may also express negative determination when following a first person subject. This will be dealt with in Lesson 52.NONI
2. NONI
Following the basic form of verbs and I-adjectives, and inflected suffixes (past tense of verbs and I-adjectives)
and attributive or NA-form of NA-adjectives, NONI expresses opposition to the action stated by the verb 'although,' or 'but.' NONI also follows noun + NA form.
Examples:
ANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SURU NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN. "Although he studies hard, he doesn't do well."
ANO HITO WA YOKU BENKYOO SHITA NONI YOKU DEKIMASEN DESHITA. "Although he studied hard, he didn't do well."
SAMUI NONI YUKI GA FURIMASEN. "It's cold but it doesn't snow."
WATAKUSHI WA AMMARI TABENAI NONI FUTORIMASU. "Even though I don't eat too much, I still get fat."
ANO HITO WA BYOOKI NA NONI HATARAITE IMASU. "He is sick, yet he is working."KOTO NI NARIMASHITA
3. KOTO NI NARIMASHITA
Following the basic form of verbs and the negative suffix NAI, KOTO NI NARIMASHITA expresses an idea of "it was decided that ---." KOTO NI NATTE IMASU is a variation of KOTO NI NARIMASHITA, and it expresses the meaning of 'is to --,' 'it is so stipulated that---,' or 'it is customary to ---.'
Examples:
IKU KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. "It was decided that I go."
IKANAI KOTO NI NARIMASHITA. "It was decided that I don't go."
WATAKUSHI WA MAIASA ROKUJI NI OKIRU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "It is customary for me to get up at 6 every morning."
WATAKUSHI WA ASHITA HATARAKU KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "I'm to work tomorrow."
NICHIYOOBI NIWA HATARAITE WA IKENAI KOTO NI NATTE IMASU. "It is so stipulated that I must not work on Sundays."---ZURE
4. ---ZURE
ZURE is a phonetic change of TSURE 'a companion.' ZURE follows such words as KAZOKU (family), FUTARI (two people), SANNIN (three people) etc.
Examples:
KAZOKU ZURE 'accompanied by family'
FUTARI ZURE 'a party of two'
SANNIN ZURE 'a party of three'
WATAKUSHI WA KAZOKU ZURE DE SANPO NI DEKAKEMASHITA. "I went out for a walk accompanied by my family."
FUTARI ZURE DE EIGA NI IKIMASHITA. "Two of us went to a movie."- いよいよ
- at last, finally
- へ
- to (See Gram. Notes)
- そう
- numerical counter for ships
- です
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- ね。
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- は
- leaves
- いつ
- when?
- の
- See Grammar Notes
- か。
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- で
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- に
- on (See Gram. Notes)
- ます。
- trout
- ああ、
- Oh, yes
- いい
- good (See Gram. Notes)
- だ
- to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
- から。
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- なら
- if it is (See Gram. Notes)
- が、
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- プロペラ
- propeller
- と
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- サンフランシスコ
- San Francisco
- 空港
- airport
Family travel and baggage · Dialogue 2 of 3
Family, documents, and furniture
The traveler says *いいえ、 家族づれです*, "No, I will be accompanied by my family."
The speakers then discuss passports, visas, furniture, and shipping the remaining baggage to Japan.
Travel with companions
*ZURE* is a changed form of *TSURE*, "a companion." It follows a word that identifies the companions.
In *家族づれです*, *家族づれ* means "accompanied by my family."
The ending *まい* in *出来ますまい* gives the traveler's prediction that leaving the family behind probably is not possible.
Kanji: 族, 荷
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
Kanji: 大, 使, 物
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 7
ひとりでいくのですか。
Are you going by yourself?
一人aloneでby行くgoのthe factですisか。question - 8
いいえ、かぞくづれです。たいしかんづきぶかんとしてさんねんにほんできんむすることになっていますから、かぞくをおいていくことはできますまい。
No, I will be accompanied by my family. I probably won't be able to leave my family behind and go, because I am to serve three years in Japan in the capacity of a military attache to an embassy.
いいえ、no家族with my familyづれwith my familyです。is大使embassy館embassyづきattached toぶmilitary attacheかんmilitary attacheとasしdoてand三three年years日本Japanでinきんserve務serveするdo事arrangementにtoなっam scheduledてam scheduledいam scheduledますam scheduledから、because家族familyをobjectおいleaveてand行くgo事the actはtopic出来be ableますpoliteまい。probably not - 9
たいしかんづきぶかんのばあいにも、りょけんがいりますか。
Are passports required even in the case of an embassy attache?
大使embassy館embassyづきattached toぶmilitary attacheかんmilitary attacheのof場caseあいcaseにinも、evenりpassportょpassportけんpassportがsubjectいりneedますpoliteか。question - 10
いりますよ。でも、さしょうはいりません。
Yes, they are. However, visas are not required.
いりneedますpoliteよ。I tell youでhoweverも、howeverさしょうvisaはtopicいりneedませnot, politeん。not, polite - 11
にもつやかぐはどうするのですか。
What are you going to do about your baggage and furniture?
荷物baggageやand家furnitureぐfurnitureはtopicどうwhatするdoのthe factですisか。question - 12
せいふのかぐがむこうにあるそうですから、しんだいなどおおきくておもいものはあずけておきます。ほかのにもつはふねでおくります。
I understand they have government furniture there, so I'll have my large and heavy things like beds stored away. I'll send other baggage by ship.
せいgovernmentふgovernmentの's家furnitureぐfurnitureがsubjectむこうover thereにatあるexistsそうapparentlyですisから、becauseしんbedだbedいbedなどsuch as大きくlargeてand重いheavy物thingsはtopicあずけhave storedてhave storedおきhave storedます。have stored外otherのof荷物baggageはtopic船shipでby送りsendます。polite
- 一人
- one person
- 大使
- ambassador
- し
- city
- 三
- three
- 年
- year (See Grammar Notes)
- ます
- trout
- から、
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- を
- particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
- けん
- numerical counter for houses (See Gram. Notes)
- が
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- さしょう
- visa
- 荷物
- luggage, baggage, load
- や
- and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
- 家
- house, home
- むこう
- destination, yonder
- ある
- certain, some
- など
- and so forth, etc.
Packing and luggage limits · Dialogue 3 of 3
Packing within the limit
The traveler says *今週まつに 荷づくりして 送り出します*, "I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend."
An adult can take *六十五ポンドまで*, "up to 65 pounds." The hand luggage therefore contains a few things needed every day.
Kanji: 着
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 13
すこしはやくおくりださなければなりませんね。
You have to ship those things a little earlier, don't you?
少しa little早くearly送り出さship outなけれmustばmustなりmustませmustんmustね。right? - 14
ええ、こんしゅうまつににづくりしておくりだします。
I'm going to pack and ship them out this weekend.
ええ、yes今週this weekまつweekendにat荷づくりpackしdoてand送り出しship outます。polite - 15
てにもつはどのぐらいもっていけますか。
About how much hand luggage can you take with you?
手hand luggage荷物hand luggageはtopicどのhow muchぐらいhow much持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeますcan takeか。question - 16
おとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでもっていけます。
An adult can take with him up to 65 pounds.
大人adultはtopic六十sixty五fiveポンドpoundsまでup to持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeます。can take - 17
では、きるものだけはもっていけますね。
Then, you can at least take clothes, can't you?
でthenは、then着るclothes物clothesだけat leastはtopic持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeますcan takeね。right? - 18
ええ、にちじょういるものだけすこしもっていけます。
Yes, I can just take a few of the things that I need everyday.
ええ、yes日everydayじょうeverydayいるneed物thingsだけonly少しa few持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeます。can take
- 少し
- little (quantity)
- ええ、
- Yes
- 今週
- this week
- どの
- which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)
- ぐらい
- about
- 六十
- 60
- 五
- five
- ポンド
- pound
- まで
- as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)
- だけ
- only, just (See Grammar Notes)
- いる
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
Predictions that something will not happen · Perception drill, Block 1
A negative prediction
*あの人は 今晩 来まい* means "He probably will not come tonight." The ending *まい* makes this a negative conjecture.
Where the ending goes
A consonant verb takes *まい* after its dictionary form, as in *わかるまい*. A vowel verb uses its negative base, as in *おきまい*.
*SURU* gives *しまい*, and *KURU* gives *来まい*. The ending can also follow the polite form in *ます*.
*あの人は 今晩 来まい ―― 来ますまい* gives the same prediction in both forms.
- 19
このにほんごはあのひとにはわかるまい。
He probably will not understand this Japanese.
このthis日本Japanese語Japaneseはtopicあのthat人personにforはtopicわかるunderstandまい。probably will not - 20
あのひとはごじにはおきまい。
He probably will not get up at 5 o'clock.
あのthat人personはtopic五five時o’clockにatはtopicおきget upまい。probably will not - 21
あのひとはこんばんきまい。
He probably will not come tonight.
あのthat人personはtopic今晩tonight来comeまい。probably will not - 22
あのひとはそんなことはしまい。
He probably will not do such a thing.
あのthat人personはtopicそんなsuch a事thingはtopicしdoまい。probably will not - 23
あのひとはこんばんきますまい。
He probably will not come tonight.
あのthat人personはtopic今晩tonight来comeますpoliteまい。probably will not - 24
こんばんあめはふるまい――ふりますまい。
It probably will not rain tonight — It probably will not rain tonight.
今晩tonight雨rainはtopic降るrainまい――probably will not降りrainますpoliteまい。probably will not - 25
あのひとはまだやすむまい――やすみますまい。
He probably will not rest yet — He probably will not rest yet.
あのthat人personはtopicまだyet休むrestまい――probably will not休みrestますpoliteまい。probably will not - 26
たなかさんはあしたはたらくまい――はたらきますまい。
Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow — Mr. Tanaka probably will not work tomorrow.
田中TanakaさんMr.はtopic明日tomorrow働くworkまい――probably will not働きworkますpoliteまい。probably will not - 27
あのひとはこんばんきまい――きますまい。
He probably will not come tonight — He probably will not come tonight.
あのthat人personはtopic今晩tonight来comeまい――probably will not来comeますpoliteまい。probably will not - 28
あのひとはこんばんべんきょうしまい――べんきょうしますまい。
He probably will not study tonight — He probably will not study tonight.
あのthat人personはtopic今晩tonight勉強studyしdoまい――probably will not勉強studyしdoますpoliteまい。probably will not - 29
スミスさんはこのさかなをたべまい――たべますまい。
Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish — Mr. Smith probably will not eat this fish.
スミスSmithさんMr.はtopicこのthisさかなfishをobject食べeatまい――probably will not食べeatますpoliteまい。probably will not - 30
これはあのひとにはできまい――できますまい。
He probably cannot do this — He probably cannot do this.
これthisはtopicあのthat人personにforはtopic出来can doまい――probably cannot出来can doますpoliteまい。probably cannot
- 人
- people
- 時
- time
- 雨
- rain
- 降る
- to fall (rain) (v.i.)
- まだ
- yet, still
- 明日
- tomorrow
- さかな
- fish
Contrasting unexpected facts · Perception drill, Block 2
An unexpected result
*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ない* means "Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well."
The first fact creates an expectation. The result after *のに* opposes that expectation.
Joining the two facts
*のに* means "although" or "but." It follows the present or past form of a verb or I-adjective.
A NA-adjective or noun takes *な* before *のに*. In *下手なのに 好きです*, being poor at golf contrasts with liking it.
- 31
あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできない。
Although that student studies hard, he doesn't do well.
あのthat生徒studentはtopicよくhard勉強studyするdoのalthoughにalthough出来do wellない。not - 32
さむいのにオーバーをきません。
Although it is cold, he doesn't wear an overcoat.
さむいcoldのalthoughにalthoughオーバーovercoatをobject着wearませnot, politeん。not, polite - 33
あのひとはゴルフがへたなのにすきです。
Although he is poor at golf, he likes it.
あのthat人personはtopicゴルフgolfがsubject下手poor atなisのalthoughにalthough好きlikesです。is - 34
あのせいとはあんまりべんきょうしないのに、よくできます。
Although that student does not study very much, he does well.
あのthat生徒studentはtopicあんまりvery much勉強studyしdoないnotのalthoughに、althoughよくwell出来do wellます。polite - 35
あのひとはながいあいだにほんにいたのににほんごができません。
Although he was in Japan for a long time, he cannot speak Japanese.
あのthat人personはtopic長いlong間time日本Japanにin居wasたpastのalthoughにalthough日本Japanese語Japaneseがsubject出来can speakませnot, politeん。not, polite - 36
あのひとはたくさんたべるのにふとりません。
Although he eats a lot, he does not gain weight.
あのthat人personはtopic沢山a lot食べるeatsのalthoughにalthoughふとりgain weightませnot, politeん。not, polite - 37
やすいのにかいません。
Although it is cheap, I will not buy it.
安いcheapのalthoughにalthough買いbuyませnot, politeん。not, polite - 38
ふるいのにたかいです。
Although it is old, it is expensive.
古いoldのalthoughにalthough高いexpensiveです。is - 39
あのせいとはひまなのにべんきょうしません。
Although that student has free time, he does not study.
あのthat生徒studentはtopicひまfree timeなisのalthoughにalthough勉強studyしdoませnot, politeん。not, polite
- よく
- well, skillfully
- さむい
- cold
- オーバー
- overcoat
- ゴルフ
- golf
- 下手
- unskilled, poor in doing things
- 好き
- to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)
- です。
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- 古い
- old, antique
- ひま
- leisure time, free
Decided future arrangements · Perception drill, Block 3
A decision about Japan
*日本へ 行く 事に なりました* means "It has been decided that I go to Japan." The decision concerns the verb before *事に なりました*.
Decisions and standing arrangements
*事になりました* follows a dictionary form or a verb in *ない*. It states what was decided.
*事になっています* states an arrangement, rule, or custom. *日本へ 家族を つれて 行けない 事に なっています* gives a negative rule.
That line means "It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan."
- 40
わたくしはにほんへいくことになっています。
It has been decided that I go to Japan.
私Iはtopic日本Japanへtoward行くgo事itにso thatなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided - 41
にほんへいくことになります。
It will be decided that I go to Japan.
日本Japanへtoward行くgo事itにso thatなりbe decidedます。polite - 42
にほんへいくことになるでしょう。
It will probably be decided that I go to Japan.
日本Japanへtoward行くgo事itにso thatなるbe decidedでしょう。probably - 43
にほんへいくことになりました。
It has been decided that I go to Japan.
日本Japanへtoward行くgo事itにso thatなりbe decidedましdid, politeた。past - 44
にほんへいくことになっていましたが…
It had been decided that I go to Japan, but…
日本Japanへtoward行くgo事itにso thatなっhad been decidedてhad been decidedいhad been decidedましhad been decidedたpastが…but - 45
わたくしたちはさんがつにそつぎょうすることになっています。
It has been decided that we graduate in March.
私weたちweはtopic三March月Marchにinそつぎょうgraduateするdo事itにso thatなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided - 46
にほんにさんねんぐらいいることになっています。
It has been decided that I stay in Japan for about three years.
日本Japanにin三three年yearsぐらいabout居るstay事itにso thatなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided - 47
にほんへかぞくをつれていけないことになっています。
It has been decided that I cannot take my family to Japan.
日本Japanへtoward家族familyをobjectつれtake alongてtake along行けcan goないnot事itにso thatなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided - 48
わたくしはにほんではたらくことになりました。
It has been decided that I work in Japan.
私Iはtopic日本Japanでin働くwork事itにso thatなりbe decidedましdid, politeた。past - 49
きょうはともだちのいえでゆうはんをたべることになっています。
It's been arranged that I eat dinner at a friend's house today.
今日todayはtopic友だちfriendの's家houseでat夕はんdinnerをobject食べるeat事itにso thatなっhas been arrangedてhas been arrangedいhas been arrangedます。has been arranged - 50
たなかさんはらいしゅうにゅういんすることになっています。
It has been decided that Mr. Tanaka enter the hospital next week.
田中TanakaさんMr.はtopic来週next week入院enter hospitalするdo事itにso thatなっhas been decidedてhas been decidedいhas been decidedます。has been decided
- でしょう。
- probably (See Gram. Notes)
- が…
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- 月
- moon, month (See Grammar Notes)
- 今日
- today
- 来週
- next week
Predicting what will not happen · Pattern 1 1 of 3
Predictions about actions
*田中さんは 今日 学校へ 来 まい* means "Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today."
The ending *まい* also predicts events. *さくらの 花は 三月には さくまい* predicts that the blossoms will not bloom in March.
- 51
これはあのひとにはわかるまい。
He probably will not comprehend this.
これthisはtopicあのthat人personにforはtopicわかるcomprehendまい。probably will not - 52
あのひとはろくじにはおきまい。
He probably will not get up at 6 o'clock.
あのthat人personはtopic六six時o’clockにatはtopicおきget upまい。probably will not - 53
たなかさんはきょうがっこうへこまい。
Mr. Tanaka probably will not come to school today.
田中TanakaさんMr.はtopic今日today学校schoolへtoward来comeまい。probably will not - 54
スミスさんはどようびにはべんきょうしまい。
Mr. Smith probably will not study on Saturday.
スミスSmithさんMr.はtopic土曜Saturday日Saturdayにonはtopic勉強studyしdoまい。probably will not - 55
あのひとはにほんごはわかりますまい。
He probably will not understand Japanese.
あのthat人personはtopic日本Japanese語Japaneseはtopicわかりunderstandますpoliteまい。probably will not - 56
さくらのはなはさんがつにはさくまい。
The cherry blossoms probably will not bloom in March.
さくらcherryの's花blossomsはtopic三March月Marchにinはtopicさくまい。probably not bloom - 57
がっこうはまだはじまるまい。
School probably will not start yet.
学校schoolはtopicまだyet始まるstartまい。probably will not - 58
きょうはどようびですから、あのひとはいえにいまい。
Since today is Saturday, he probably will not be at home.
今日todayはtopic土曜Saturday日Saturdayですisから、becauseあのthat人personはtopic家homeにat居beまい。probably will not
- 六
- six
- さくら
- cherry (flower)
Estimating delayed events · Pattern 1 2 of 3
The time before an event
With *まい*, *七時半頃まで 始まりますまい* means the movie "probably will not start until around seven-thirty."
*まだ 二三日は 仕事に 来られますまい* means he probably cannot return to work for another two or three days.
- 59
これはせいとにはよめますまい。
The students probably cannot read this.
これthisはtopic生徒studentsにforはtopic読めcan readますpoliteまい。probably cannot - 60
あのひとはこんばんおくさんをつれてきますまい。
He probably will not bring his wife tonight.
あのthat人personはtopic今晩tonight奥wifeさんwifeをobjectつれbring alongてbring along来comeますpoliteまい。probably will not - 61
こんばんのえいがはなんじにはじまるのでしょうか。
I wonder what time tonight's movie will start.
今晩tonightの's映画movieはtopic何what時timeにat始まるstartのI wonderでしょうprobablyか。question - 62
しちじにはじまるはずですが、しちじはまだあかるいから、しちじはんごろまではじまりますまい。
It is supposed to start at seven, but since it is still light at seven, it probably will not start until around seven-thirty.
七seven o’clock時seven o’clockにat始まるstartはずsupposed toですisが、but七seven o’clock時seven o’clockはtopicまだstill明るいlightから、because七seven-thirty時seven-thirty半seven-thirty頃aroundまでuntil始まりstartますpoliteまい。probably not - 63
やまもとさんはかぜをひいて、ねているそうですが、あしたしごとにこられますか。
I understand Mr. Yamamoto has a cold and is in bed, but will he be able to come to work tomorrow?
山本YamamotoさんMr.はtopicかぜa coldをobjectひいhas caughtて、has caughtねis in bedてis in bedいるis in bedそうI understandですisが、but明日tomorrow仕事workにto来can comeられcan comeますcan comeか。question - 64
さあ、まだねつがあるそうですから、まだにさんにちはしごとにこられますまい。
Well, I understand he still has a fever, so he probably will not be able to come to work for another two or three days.
さあ、wellまだstillねつa feverがsubjectあるhasそうI understandですisから、becauseまだanother二三two or three days日two or three daysはtopic仕事workにto来can comeられcan comeますcan comeまい。probably not - 65
たなかさんはもうおきているでしょうか。
I wonder if Mr. Tanaka is already up.
田中TanakaさんMr.はtopicもうalreadyおきis upてis upいるis upでしょうprobablyか。question - 66
さあ、さくばんおそくまでおきていたから、じゅうじごろまでおきますまい。
Well, since he stayed up late last night, he probably will not get up until around ten.
さあ、well昨晩last nightおそくlateまでuntilおきstayed upてstayed upいstayed upたstayed upから、because十ten o’clock時ten o’clock頃aroundまでuntilおきget upますpoliteまい。probably not
- 映画
- movie
- でしょう
- probably (See Gram. Notes)
- 七
- seven
- 明るい
- light
- 頃
- approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)
- かぜ
- wind
- ね
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- さあ、
- well, now, here, come
- ねつ
- fever
- もう
- already (See Gram. Notes)
- おそく
- late (adverbial form of OSOI, be late, be slow)
- 十
- ten
Travel and action verbs · Pattern 1 3 of 3
Actions at home and away
These verbs cover movement and errands. *つれて行く* means "to take someone along," and *出かける* means "to go out."
The set also reaches weather and housework. *晴れる* means "to clear up."
- 67
つかう
to use
使うuse - 68
かう
to buy
買うbuy - 69
つれていく
to take someone along
つれtake alongてtake along行くtake along - 70
はなす
to speak
話すspeak - 71
はれる
to clear up
晴れるclear up - 72
そうじする
to clean
そうじcleaningするdo - 73
かってくる
to buy and bring back
買っbuyてand来るbring back - 74
でかける
to go out
出かけるgo out
- 使う
- to use, employ
- 買う
- to buy
- 晴れる
- to clear (v.i.)
- そうじ
- cleaning
Contrasting actions and outcomes · Pattern 2 1 of 3
What happened despite the first fact
*あの 生徒は よく 勉強するのに 出来ません* means "Although that student studies hard, he does not do well."
The *のに* in *よく 気を つけたのに かぜを ひきました* contrasts being careful with catching a cold.
- 75
わたくしはたくさんたべるのにふとらない。
Although I eat a lot, I don't get fat.
私Iはtopic沢山a lot食べるeatのalthoughにalthoughふとらdo not get fatない。do not get fat - 76
ちかいのにあるいていきません。
Although it is close, he doesn't go there on foot.
近いcloseのalthoughにalthough歩いgo on footてgo on foot行きdo not goませdo not goん。do not go - 77
あのひとはゴルフがすきなのにへたです。
Although he likes golf, he is poor at it.
あのthat人personはtopicゴルフgolfがsubject好きlikesなisのalthoughにalthough下手poor at itです。is - 78
あのせいとはよくべんきょうするのにできません。
Although that student studies hard, he does not do well.
あのthat生徒studentはtopicよくhard勉強studyするdoのalthoughにalthough出来does not do wellませdoes not do wellん。does not do well - 79
たなかさんはあめがふるのにはたらいています。
Mr. Tanaka is working although it is raining.
田中TanakaさんMr.はtopic雨rainがsubject降るrainsのalthoughにalthough働いis workingてis workingいis workingます。is working - 80
やまもとさんはよくきをつけたのにかぜをひきました。
Although Mr. Yamamoto was very careful, he caught a cold.
山本YamamotoさんMr.はtopicよくvery気careをobjectつけwas carefulたwas carefulのalthoughにalthoughかぜa coldをobjectひきcaughtましcaughtた。caught - 81
わたくしはよくべんきょうしたのにおぼえていません。
Although I studied hard, I do not remember it.
私Iはtopicよくhard勉強studyしdoたpastのalthoughにalthoughおぼえdo not rememberてdo not rememberいdo not rememberませdo not rememberん。do not remember - 82
あのひとはからだがちいさいのによくたべます。
Although he is small, he eats a lot.
あのthat人personはtopic体bodyがsubject小さいsmallのalthoughにalthoughよくa lot食べeatsます。eats - 83
やまださんはおかねがないのにたかいものをかいます。
Although Mr. Yamada has no money, he buys expensive things.
山田YamadaさんMr.はtopicおmoney金moneyがsubjectないhas noneのalthoughにalthough高いexpensive物thingsをobject買いbuysます。buys - 84
あのせいとはかくのはへたなのにはなすのはじょうずです。
Although that student is poor at writing, he is good at speaking.
あのthat生徒studentはtopic書くwritingのwritingはtopic下手poor atなisのalthoughにalthough話すspeakingのspeakingはtopic上手good atです。is
- 近い
- near, close
- 体
- body, health
- 上手
- skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)
Unexpected results despite effort · Pattern 2 2 of 3
Effort without the expected result
*もう 四月に なったのに さくらが さきませんね* contrasts the arrival of April with blossoms that have not bloomed.
The ending *のに* also links effort to a result that remains absent.
*医者に かかったのに まだ なおりません* contrasts going to the doctor with a cold that still has not improved.
- 85
いっしゅうかんまえにくさをかったのにもうこんなにのびました。
Although I cut the grass a week ago, it has already grown this much.
一one week週間one week前agoにat草grassをobjectかっcutたcutのalthoughにalthoughもうalreadyこんなthis muchにthis muchのびhas grownましhas grownた。has grown - 86
あったかいから、くさもよくのびますよ。
Since it is warm, the grass grows well too.
あったかいwarmから、because草grassもalsoよくwellのびgrowsますgrowsよ。I tell you - 87
もうしがつになったのにさくらがさきませんね。
Although it is already April, the cherry blossoms have not bloomed yet.
もうalready四April月Aprilにinなっbecameたbecameのalthoughにalthoughさくらcherry blossomsがsubjectさきhave not bloomedませhave not bloomedんhave not bloomedね。right? - 88
ことしはさむかったから、さくのがおそいのでしょう。
Since it was cold this year, they are probably late blooming.
今年this yearはtopicさむかっwas coldたwas coldから、becauseさくbloomingのbloomingがsubjectおそいlateのreasonでしょう。probably - 89
かぜがなおりましたか。
Has your cold gotten better?
かぜyour coldがsubjectなおりgotten betterましgotten betterたgotten betterか。question - 90
いいえ、いしゃにかかったのにまだなおりません。
No, although I went to the doctor, it still has not gotten better.
いいえ、no医者doctorにtoかかっwent to seeたwent to seeのalthoughにalthoughまだstillなおりhas not improvedませhas not improvedん。has not improved - 91
このぶんしょうをなんどもよみました。
I read this passage many times.
このthis文章passageをobject何many times度many timesもmany times読みreadましreadた。read - 92
まだいみがよくわかりません。
I still do not understand the meaning very well.
まだstillいみmeaningがsubjectよくvery wellわかりdo not understandませdo not understandん。do not understand - 93
たくさんたべました。
I ate a lot.
沢山a lot食べateましateた。ate - 94
おなかがすいています。
I am hungry.
おなかstomachがsubjectすいam hungryてam hungryいam hungryます。am hungry
- 一
- one
- 前
- before, front
- あったかい
- warm
- 四
- four
- 今年
- this year
- さく
- to bloom (v.i.)
- おそい
- be late
- 医者
- medical doctor
- 文章
- sentence
- いみ
- meaning
- おなか
- stomach
Opposing facts and outcomes · Pattern 2 3 of 3
Two facts for one contrast
*あんまり 食べません* means "I do not eat very much." *ふとります* means "I gain weight."
The ending *のに* joins such opposing facts. The same contrast appears between *医者に かかりました* and *病気が なおりません*.
- 95
きものがよごれました。
My clothes got dirty.
着物clothesがsubjectよごれgot dirtyましgot dirtyた。got dirty - 96
きかえません。
I do not change clothes.
着かえdo not change clothesませdo not change clothesん。do not change clothes - 97
あんまりたべません。
I do not eat very much.
あんまりvery much食べdo not eatませdo not eatん。do not eat - 98
ふとります。
I gain weight.
ふとりgain weightます。gain weight - 99
ひがてっています。
The sun is shining.
日sunがsubjectてっis shiningてis shiningいis shiningます。is shining - 100
あめがふります。
It rains.
雨rainがsubject降りrainsます。rains - 101
いしゃにかかりました。
I went to see a doctor.
医者doctorにtoかかりwent to seeましwent to seeた。went to see - 102
びょうきがなおりません。
I do not recover from my illness.
病気illnessがsubjectなおりdo not recoverませdo not recoverん。do not recover
Stating scheduled plans · Pattern 3 1 of 3
Plans and requirements
*家内を 日本へ つれて 行く 事に なりました* means "It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan."
*教室で 英語を 話さない 事に なっています* means it has been decided that the students will not speak English in the classroom.
- 103
くがつにはがっこうへいくことになりました。
It was decided that I go to school in September.
九September月Septemberにinはtopic学校schoolへtoward行くgo事itにtoなりwas decidedましwas decidedた。was decided - 104
わたくしはモンテレーにすむことになりました。
It has been decided that I will live in Monterey.
私IはtopicモンテレーMontereyにin住むlive事itにtoなりwas decidedましwas decidedた。was decided - 105
かないをにほんへつれていくことになりました。
It has been decided that I will take my wife to Japan.
家内my wifeをobject日本Japanへtowardつれtake alongてtake along行くtake along事itにtoなりwas decidedましwas decidedた。was decided - 106
きょうしつでえいごをはなさないことになっています。
It has been decided that we will not speak English in the classroom.
教室classroomでin英語Englishをobject話さnot speakないnot speak事itにtoなっis decidedてis decidedいis decidedます。is decided - 107
こんばんろくじにえいがにいくことになっています。
It has been decided that we will go to the movies at six this evening.
今晩this evening六six o’clock時six o’clockにat映画moviesにto行くgo事itにtoなっis decidedてis decidedいis decidedます。is decided - 108
がいこくじんのなまえはカタカナでかくことになっています。
Foreigners' names are to be written in katakana.
外国foreigners人foreignersの's名前namesはtopicカタカナkatakanaでwith書くwrite事itにtoなっis decidedてis decidedいis decidedます。is decided - 109
せいとたちはダイアログをあんきすることになっています。
The students are to memorize the dialogue.
生徒studentsたちstudentsはtopicダイアログdialogueをobjectあんきmemorizeするdo事itにtoなっare requiredてare requiredいare requiredます。are required
- 九
- nine
- モンテレー
- Monterey
- 住む
- to live, reside
- ダイアログ
- dialogue
Asking about school requirements · Pattern 3 2 of 3
What the school requires
*何か月ぐらい 日本語を 勉強する 事に なっていますか* asks about the required length of study. The answer gives eleven months.
The form *事に なっています* also states days without school and the required number of characters.
- 110
あなたがたはこのがっこうでなんかげつぐらいにほんごをべんきょうすることになっていますか。
About how many months are you to study Japanese at this school?
あなたyou方youはtopicこのthis学校schoolでat何how many monthsか月how many monthsぐらいabout日本Japanese語Japaneseをobject勉強studyするdo事itにtoなっare requiredてare requiredいare requiredますare requiredか。question - 111
じゅういっかげつべんきょうすることになっています。
We are to study for eleven months.
十eleven一elevenか月months勉強studyするdo事itにtoなっare requiredてare requiredいare requiredます。are required - 112
どようびにもがっこうへいきますか。
Do you go to school on Saturdays too?
土曜Saturday日Saturdayにonもalso学校schoolへtoward行きgoますpoliteか。question - 113
いいえ、どようびとにちようびにはいかないことになっています。
No, we are not to go on Saturdays or Sundays.
いいえ、no土曜Saturday日Saturdayとand日曜Sunday日Sundayにonはtopic行かgoないnot事arrangementにtoなっare arrangedてare arrangedいare arrangedます。are arranged - 114
このがっこうのせいとはかんじをいくつぐらいならうことになっていますか。
About how many Chinese characters are the students at this school to learn?
このthis学校schoolの's生徒studentsはtopicかん字Chinese charactersをobjectいくhow manyつhow manyぐらいabout習うlearn事arrangementにtoなっare scheduledてare scheduledいare scheduledますare scheduledか。question - 115
はっぴゃくごじゅうぐらいならうことになっています。
They are to learn about eight hundred and fifty.
八百eight hundred五十fiftyぐらいabout習うlearn事arrangementにtoなっare scheduledてare scheduledいare scheduledます。are scheduled - 116
ならう
to learn
習うlearn
- 八百
- 800
- 五十
- 50
Routine action verbs · Pattern 3 3 of 3
Actions in a routine
These verbs cover routine actions. *買う* means "to buy," and *うつる* means "to move."
The set ranges from movement to chores and rest. *送る* means "to send."
- 117
かう
to buy
買うbuy - 118
かえる
to return
帰るreturn - 119
おきる
to get up
おきるget up - 120
そうじする
to clean
そうじcleaningするdo - 121
おくる
to send
送るsend - 122
やすむ
to rest
休むrest - 123
うつる
to move
うつるmove
- おきる
- to rise, get up (v.i.)
- 送る
- to send (v.t.)
- うつる
- to infect, contract, catch
Moving to Japan by air · Reading Selection 1 of 2
A posting in Japan
Major Smith graduates and then goes to Japan. *日本へ 行く 事に なりました* presents the posting as decided.
He expects to travel by plane with his family because he will serve in Japan as a military attaché.
The family and its belongings
*家族づれ* means "accompanied by family." The family leaves from Travis Air Base on December tenth.
They store large, heavy belongings in the United States and send the other luggage by ship.
- 124
スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしていよいよにほんへいくことになりました。
After graduating from the Japanese language school, Major Smith is finally going to Japan.
スミスSmith大majorさmajorはtopic日本Japanese語Japanese学校schoolをobjectそつぎょうgraduateしdoてafterいよfinally〱finally日本Japanへtoward行くgo事decisionにtoなりbecameましpoliteた。past - 125
たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんできんむすることになっていますから、たぶんかぞくづれでいかなければならないとおもいます。
Since he is to serve in Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, I think he will probably have to take his family with him.
大使embassy館embassyづきattached toぶmilitary attachéかんmilitary attachéとasしasてas日本Japanでinきんserve務serveするserve事arrangementにtoなっis scheduledてis scheduledいis scheduledますis scheduledから、because多分probably家族familyづれwith familyでwith行かgoなけれmustばmustならmustないmustとquote思いthinkます。polite - 126
ですから、じゅうにがつのとおかにトラビスこうくうきちからひこうきででるそうです。
Therefore, I understand that they will leave Travis Air Base by plane on December tenth.
ですisから、therefore十December二December月Decemberのof十tenth日tenthにonトラビスTravisこうair base空きair baseちからfrom air base飛行plane機planeでby出るleaveそうreportedlyです。is - 127
ジェットきならはやくて、らくですが、たぶんプロペラりょかっきでいくようになるだろうといっていました。
He said that a jet would be fast and comfortable, but that they would probably end up going by propeller passenger plane.
ジェットjet plane機jet planeならif早くfastて、andらくcomfortableですisが、but多分probablyプロペラpropellerりpassenger planeょpassenger planeかpassenger planeっpassenger plane機passenger planeでby行くgoようend upにend upなるend upだろうprobablyとquote言っsaidてsaidいsaidましsaidた。said - 128
かぐはほとんどなんでもむこうにあるそうですから、おおきくておもいものはべいこくであずけておいて、ほかのにもつは
Since almost all kinds of furniture are available there, they will leave the large, heavy things in the United States, and as for the other luggage—
家furnitureぐfurnitureはtopicほとんどalmost何anythingでanythingもanythingむこうthereにinあるavailableそうreportedlyですisから、because大きくlargeてand重いheavy物thingsはtopic米国United Statesでinあずけleave behindてleave behindおいleave behindて、leave behind外otherのof荷物luggageはtopic - 129
ふねでおくるそうです。
I understand that they will send it by ship.
船shipでby送るsendそうreportedlyです。is
- 二
- two
- か
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- ほとんど
- almost (See Gram. Notes)
Air travel limits and documents · Reading Selection 2 of 2
What the family can carry
Air travel limits the family to hand luggage. *日じょういる 物しか 持って 行けません* means they can take only the things needed every day.
The limit is sixty-five pounds for each adult, so Mrs. Smith is busy packing.
A passport but no visa
*りょけんは いりますが、 さしょうは いりません* means a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.
When a visa is necessary, it can be obtained at the consulate in San Francisco.
- 130
でひこうきのりょこうですから、てにもつしかもっていけません。
Since they are traveling by plane, they can take only hand luggage.
でby飛行plane機planeのofりtravelょtravel行travelですisから、because手hand luggage荷物hand luggageしかonly持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeませcannot, politeん。cannot, polite - 131
てにもつはおとなはろくじゅうごポンドまでですから、にちじょういるものしかもっていけません。
The hand-luggage limit is sixty-five pounds per adult, so they can take only the things they need every day.
手hand luggage荷物hand luggageはtopic大人adultはtopic六十sixty五fiveポンドpoundsまでup toですisから、because日dailyじょうdailyいるneed物thingsしかonly持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeませcannot, politeん。cannot, polite - 132
ですから、スミスさんのおくさんもにづくりでたいへんいそがしいのです。
Therefore, Mrs. Smith is also very busy packing.
ですisから、thereforeスミスSmithさんMrs.のof奥wifeさんwifeもalso荷づくりpackingでwith大へんveryいそがしいbusyのthe factです。is - 133
たいしかんづきぶかんとして、にほんへいくばあいは、りょけんはいりますが、さしょうはいりません。
When going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy, a passport is necessary, but a visa is not.
大使embassy館embassyづきattached toぶmilitary attachéかんmilitary attachéとasしasて、as日本Japanへtoward行くgo場caseあいcaseは、topicりpassportょpassportけんpassportはtopicいりneedますpoliteが、butさしょうvisaはtopicいりneedませnot, politeん。not, polite - 134
さしょうがいるばあいは、サンフランシスコのりょうじかんへいって、それをもらうことができます。
When a visa is necessary, you can go to the consulate in San Francisco and get one.
さしょうvisaがsubjectいるneed場caseあいcaseは、topicサンフランシスコSan Franciscoのofりょうじconsulate館consulateへtoward行っgoて、andそれitをobjectもらうreceive事thingがsubject出来canます。polite
- 大へん
- very
- いそがしい
- busy
- りょうじ
- consul
- もらう
- to receive (tangible things)
Travel plans and shipped belongings · Questions 1 of 2
The travel arrangements
The questions ask where, when, and how Major Smith travels, who accompanies him, and what happens to his belongings.
*飛行機で いつ、 どこから 出る 事に なっていますか* means "When and from where is he to leave by plane?" An answer gives both the date and place.
- 135
スミスたいさはにほんごがっこうをそつぎょうしてどこへいくことになりましたか。
After graduating from the Japanese language school, where is Major Smith going?
スミスSmith大majorさmajorはtopic日本Japanese語Japanese学校schoolをobjectそつぎょうgraduateしdoてafterどこwhereへtoward行くgo事decisionにtoなりbecameましpoliteたpastか。question - 136
スミスたいさはどんなきんむでにほんへいきますか。
In what capacity is Major Smith going to Japan?
スミスSmith大majorさmajorはtopicどんなwhat kind ofきdutyんduty務dutyでas日本Japanへtoward行きgoますpoliteか。question - 137
ひとりでにほんへいきますか。
Is he going to Japan by himself?
一人aloneでby日本Japanへtoward行きgoますpoliteか。question - 138
ひこうきでいつ、どこからでることになっていますか。
When and from where is he to leave by plane?
飛行plane機planeでbyいつ、whenどこwhereからfrom出るleave事arrangementにtoなっis scheduledてis scheduledいis scheduledますis scheduledか。question - 139
ジェットきでにほんへいくのですか。
Is he going to Japan by jet?
ジェットjet plane機jet planeでby日本Japanへtoward行くgoのthe factですisか。question - 140
かぐをみなにほんへもっていきますか。
Will he take all his furniture to Japan?
家furnitureぐfurnitureをobject皆all日本Japanへtoward持っtakeてtake行きtakeますpoliteか。question - 141
おおきくておもいにもつはどうしますか。
What will he do with the large, heavy luggage?
大きくlargeてand重いheavy荷物luggageはtopicどうwhatしdoますpoliteか。question - 142
ほかのにもつはどうしますか。
What will he do with the other luggage?
外otherのof荷物luggageはtopicどうwhatしdoますpoliteか。question
- どんな
- what kind of; what sort of
- き
- counter for airplanes (See Gram. Notes)
- いつ、
- when?
- から
- from (See Gram. Notes)
Baggage, passports and visas · Questions 2 of 2
Limits and documents
The questions ask about the hand-luggage limit, shipping, packing, passports, visas, and the consular procedure.
*手荷物は 何ポンドまで 持って 行けますか* means "How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?" An answer gives the weight limit.
- 143
ひこうきのりょこうでてにもつをもっていけますか。
Can he take hand luggage when traveling by plane?
飛行plane機planeのofりtravelょtravel行travelでduring手hand luggage荷物hand luggageをobject持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeますpoliteか。question - 144
てにもつはなんポンドまでもっていけますか。
How many pounds of hand luggage can he take?
手hand luggage荷物hand luggageはtopic何how manyポンドpoundsまでup to持っcan takeてcan take行けcan takeますpoliteか。question - 145
にもつはなんでおくりますか。
How will he send the luggage?
荷物luggageはtopic何whatでby送りsendますpoliteか。question - 146
だれがにづくりをしますか。
Who will do the packing?
だれwhoがsubject荷づくりpackingをobjectしdoますpoliteか。question - 147
たいしかんづきぶかんとしてにほんへいくばあいにはりょけんがいりますか。
Is a passport necessary when going to Japan as a military attaché to the embassy?
大使embassy館embassyづきattached toぶmilitary attachéかんmilitary attachéとasしasてas日本Japanへtoward行くgo場caseあいcaseにinはtopicりpassportょpassportけんpassportがsubjectいりneedますpoliteか。question - 148
さしょうはどうですか。
What about a visa?
さしょうvisaはtopicどうhowですisか。question - 149
さしょうがいるばあいはどうしなければなりませんか。
What must he do when a visa is necessary?
さしょうvisaがsubjectいるneed場caseあいcaseはtopicどうwhatしdoなけれmustばmustなりmustませnot, politeんnot, politeか。question
- だれ
- who?
Diplomatic and travel documents · Word list 1 of 5
Offices, documents, and belongings
These words cover diplomatic travel. *りょ けん* means "passport," and *さしょう* means "visa."
Office names add *館* to the matching title. *りょうじ館* means "consulate."
- 150
りょけん
passport
りょけんpassport - 151
さしょう
visa
さしょうvisa - 152
りょうじ
consul
りょうじconsul - 153
りょうじかん
consulate
りょうじ館consulate - 154
そうりょうじ
consul general
そうりょうじconsul general - 155
そうりょうじかん
consulate general
そうりょうじ館consulate general - 156
たいし
ambassador
大使ambassador - 157
たいしかん
embassy
大使館embassy - 158
にもつ
luggage, baggage, load
荷物luggage - 159
かぐ
furniture
家ぐfurniture
- りょけん
- passport
- りょうじ館
- consulate
- そうりょうじ
- consul general
- そうりょうじ館
- consulate general
- 大使館
- embassy
- 家ぐ
- furniture
Aircraft, airports and baggage words · Word list 2 of 5
Air travel and baggage
These words cover aircraft and departure places. *ジェット機* means "jet plane," and *こう空きち* means "air base."
The set also covers baggage, weight, and official duty. *手荷物* means "hand baggage."
- 160
しんだい
bed
しんだいbed - 161
ジェットき
jet plane
ジェット機jet plane - 162
りょかっき
passenger plane
りょかっ機passenger plane - 163
ひこうじょう
airfield, airport
飛行場airfield - 164
くうこう
airport
空港airport - 165
こうくうきち
air base
こう空きちair base - 166
てにもつ
hand baggage
手荷物hand baggage - 167
ポンド
pound
ポンドpound - 168
プロペラ
propeller
プロペラpropeller - 169
きんむ
duty, service, work
きん務duty
- しんだい
- bed
- ジェット機
- jet plane
- りょかっ機
- passenger plane
- 飛行場
- airfield, airport
- こう空きち
- air base
- 手荷物
- hand baggage
- きん務
- duty, service, work
Shipping and diplomatic service words · Word list 3 of 5
Service and shipping
These words cover diplomatic service and moving goods. *大使館づきぶかん* means "military attache."
The shipping actions distinguish *荷づくりする*, "to pack," from *送り出す*, "to send out, ship out."
- 170
たいしかんづきぶかん
military attache
大使館づきぶかんmilitary attaché - 171
せいふ
government
せいふgovernment - 172
きんむする
to serve, be on duty
きん務するserve - 173
おいていく
to leave behind
おいて行くleave behind - 174
あずける
to entrust, deposit, store
あずけるentrust - 175
おくりだす
to send out, ship out
送り出すship out - 176
にづくりする
to pack
荷づくりするpack - 177
はけんする
to send out, dispatch
はけんするdispatch - 178
しゅっぱつする
to depart
出ぱつするdepart - 179
しゅっぱんする
to sail, depart by boat
出ぱんするsail
- 大使館づきぶかん
- military attache
- せいふ
- government
- きん務する
- to serve, be on duty
- おいて行く
- to leave behind
- あずける
- to entrust, deposit, store
- 送り出す
- to send out, ship out
- 荷づくりする
- to pack
- はけんする
- to send out, dispatch
- 出ぱつする
- to depart
- 出ぱんする
- to sail, depart by boat
Travel arrangements and contrast expressions · Word list 4 of 5
Arrangements and contrasts
These expressions cover decisions, accompanied travel, negative predictions, and unexpected contrasts. *事になりました* means "It was decided that."
The ending *まい* means "will probably not," while *のに* means "in spite of" or "although."
- 180
らくな
NA-adjective comfortable, pleasant
らくなcomfortable - 181
いよいよ
at last, finally
いよいよat last - 182
--ことになっています
It is stipulated that, it is customary that (See Grammar Notes)
--事になっていますis customary that - 183
--ことになりました
It was decided that --- (See Grammar Notes)
--事になりましたwas decided that - 184
ああ
Oh, yes
ああoh, yes - 185
かぞくづれ
accompanied by family (See Grammar Notes)
家族づれaccompanied by family - 186
--まい
will probably not (conjectural negative suffix (See Grammar Notes)
--まいprobably will not - 187
--として
as, in the capacity of
--としてin the capacity of - 188
--のばあい
in case of ---
--の場あいin case of - 189
--のに
in spite of, although (See Grammar Notes)
--のにalthough
- らくな
- NA-adjective comfortable, pleasant
- --事になっています
- It is stipulated that, it is customary that (See Grammar Notes)
- --事になりました
- It was decided that --- (See Grammar Notes)
- ああ
- Oh, yes
- 家族づれ
- accompanied by family (See Grammar Notes)
- --まい
- will probably not (conjectural negative suffix (See Grammar Notes)
- --として
- as, in the capacity of
- --の場あい
- in case of ---
- --のに
- in spite of, although (See Grammar Notes)
Visas, shipping and departure expressions · Word list 5 of 5
Visas, shipping, and departure
*さしょうは 大使館、 そうりょうじ館、 又は りょうじ館で もらいます* means "You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate."
In *一か月前に 送り出しておいたのに、 着かないで こまりました*, *のに* contrasts advance shipping with luggage that did not arrive in time.
*出ぱんは いつですか* asks "When is the sailing day?"
- 190
らくだ
-- is comfortable
らくだis comfortable - 191
--ようになる
to become so as to --
--ようになるbecome so as to - 192
さしょうはたいしかん、そうりょうじかん、またはりょうじかんでもらいます。
You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate.
さしょうは大使館、そうりょうじ館、又はりょうじ館でもらいます。get a visa - 193
たいし
'ambassador'
大使ambassador - 194
そうりょうじ
'consul general'
そうりょうじconsul general - 195
りょうじ
'consul'
りょうじconsul - 196
それはいいかんがえです。
That's a good idea.
それはいいかんがえです。that's a good idea - 197
わたくしはこのまえ、フランスへはけんされたとき、にもつはしゅっぱつのいっかげつまえにおくりだしておいたのに、つかないでこまりました。
When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time.
私はこの前、フランスへはけんされた時、荷物は出ぱつの一か月前に送り出しておいたのに、着かないでこまりました。luggage didn't arrive - 198
しゅっぱんはいつですか。
When is the sailing day?
出ぱんはいつですか。sailing day
- らくだ
- -- is comfortable
- --ようになる
- to become so as to --
- さしょうは大使館、そうりょうじ館、又はりょうじ館でもらいます。
- "You'll get a visa at the Embassy, the Consulate General, or the Consulate."
- それはいいかんがえです。
- "That's a good idea."
- 私はこの前、フランスへはけんされた時、荷物は出ぱつの一か月前に送り出しておいたのに、着かないでこまりました。
- "When I was sent to France last time, I had luggage shipped out about one month ahead, yet they didn't arrive in time and I had a hard time."
- 出ぱんはいつですか。
- "When is the sailing day?"
The particulars
- The course
- Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents