Ancient Greek · The Patrocleia
Ἰλιάδος Ν
Book 13. Poseidon at the Ships
Poseidon rallies the Greeks behind Zeus's back. Idomeneus fights at the left of the line. The battle sways at the ships.
Tap a line to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.
- 1
Now when Zeus had indeed brought the Trojans and Hector to the ships,
Metre
ΖεὺςἐπεὶοὖνΤρῶάς‖τεκαὶἝκτορανηυσὶπέλασσε
ΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πέλασσεδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὖνindeedοὖν · particlesentence particleΤρῶάςTrojansΤρώς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶνηυσὶto the shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounobject of πέλασσεπέλασσεbrought nearπελάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶ - 2
there he left them beside them to bear toil and misery
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐχέμενμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἔαleftἐάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionτῇσιbeside themὁ · dative plural feminine pronounadverbial to παρὰπόνονtoilπόνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτandτε · particlesentence particleἐχέμενbearἔχω · present active infinitiveobject of ἔακαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὀϊζὺνmiseryὀιζύς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶ - 3
without ceasing, while he himself turned back his shining eyes
Metre
νωλεμέωςαὐτὸς‖δὲπάλιντρέπενὄσσεφαεινὼ
νωλεμέωςwithout ceasingνωλεμές · adverbadverbial to ἐχέμεναὐτὸςhe himselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπάλινbackπάλιν · adverbadverbial to τρέπεντρέπενturnedτρέπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄσσεeyesὄσσα · accusative dual neuter nounobject of τρέπενφαεινὼshiningφαεινός · accusative dual neuter adjectivemodifies ὄσσε - 4
away, gazing upon the land of the horse-breeding Thracians
Metre
νόσφινἐφἱπποπόλων‖Θρῃκῶνκαθορώμενοςαἶαν
νόσφινawayνόσφι · adverbadverbial to τρέπενἐφuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionἱπποπόλωνhorse-breedingἱπποπόλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ΘρῃκῶνΘρῃκῶνThraciansΘρᾷξ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τεκαθορώμενοςgazing onκαθοράω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τρέπενmiddle participle used actively: poseidon is visually surveying the land.
αἶανlandαἶα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐφ̓ - 5
and of the close-fighting Mysians and the glorious Hippemolgoi
Metre
Μυσῶνἀγχεμάχων‖καὶἀγαυῶνἱππημολγῶν
ΜυσῶνMysiansΜυσός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τετandτε · particlesentence particleἀγχεμάχωνclose-fightingἀγχέμαχος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Μυσῶνκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἀγαυῶνgloriousἀγαυός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππημολγῶνἱππημολγῶνHippemolgoiἱππημολγοί · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τε - 6
milk-fed, and the Abians, most just of men.
Metre
γλακτοφάγωνἈβίων‖τεδικαιοτάτωνἀνθρώπων
γλακτοφάγωνmilk-fedγλακτοφάγος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἱππημολγῶνἈβίωνAbiansἌβιοι · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνθρώπωντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordδικαιοτάτωνmost justδίκαιος · genitive plural masculine superlative adjectivemodifies Ἀβίωνἀνθρώπωνmenἄνθρωπος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies δικαιοτάτων - 7
But toward Troy he no longer turned his shining eyes at all;
Metre
ἐςΤροίηνοὐπάμπαν‖ἔτιτρέπενὄσσεφαεινώ
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionΤροίηνTroyΤροία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐςδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to τρέπενἔτιstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to τρέπεντρέπενturnedτρέπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄσσεeyesὄσσα · accusative dual neuter nounobject of τρέπενφαεινώshiningφαεινός · accusative dual neuter adjectivemodifies ὄσσε - 8
for he did not think in his heart that any one of the immortals
Metre
οὐγὰρὅἀθανάτων‖τιναἔλπετοὃνκατὰθυμὸν
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔλπετογindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἀθανάτωνimmortalsἀθάνατος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies τινατιναanyoneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀρηξέμενἔλπετοexpectedἔλπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃνin hisἑός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμὸνκατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰ - 9
would come to aid either Trojans or Danaans.
Metre
ἐλθόντἢΤρώεσσιν‖ἀρηξέμενἢΔαναοῖσιν
ἐλθόντcomingἔρχομαι · aorist active participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to ἀρηξέμενἢorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleΤρώεσσινTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἢἀρηξέμενhelpἀρήγω · future active infinitiveobject of ἔλπετοἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordΔαναοῖσινDanaansΔαναοί · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἢ - 10
Nor did the lord Earth-shaker keep blind watch;
Metre
οὐδἀλαοσκοπιὴν‖εἶχεκρείωνἐνοσίχθων
ἀλαοσκοπιὴνblind watchἀλαοσκοπιά · accusative singular feminine nounobject of εἶχεεἶχεkeptἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρείωνthe lordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἐνοσίχθωνἐνοσίχθωνEarth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀλαοσκοπιὴν - 11
for he sat marveling at the war and the battle
Metre
καὶγὰρὃθαυμάζων‖ἧστοπτόλεμόντεμάχηντε
καὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἧστοθαυμάζωνmarveling atθαυμάζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἧστοἧστοsatἧμαι · pluperfect indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπτόλεμόνwarπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleμάχηνbattleμάχη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 12
high up on the topmost peak of wooded Samothrace;
ὑψοῦhigh aboveὑψοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἧστοἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀκροτάτηςtopmostἄκρος · genitive singular feminine superlative adjectivemodifies κορυφῆςκορυφῆςpeakκορυφή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐπ̓ΣάμουSamosΣάμος · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies κορυφῆςὑληέσσηςwoodedὑλήεις · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies Σάμου - 13
for from there all Ida appeared before him,
Metre
Θρηϊκίηςἔνθεν‖γὰρἐφαίνετοπᾶσαμὲνἼδη
Θρηϊκίηςof ThraceΘράκιος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies Σάμουἔνθενfrom thereἔνθεν · adverbadverbial to δὲγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐφαίνετοappearedφαίνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπᾶσαallπᾶς · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴδημὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἼδηIdaἼδη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐφαίνετο - 14
and Priam's city appeared, and the ships of the Achaeans.
Metre
φαίνετοδὲΠριάμοιο‖πόλιςκαὶνῆεςἈχαιῶν
φαίνετοappearedφαίνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠριάμοιοPriamΠρίαμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πόλιςπόλιςcityπόλις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνῆεςshipsναῦς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νῆες - 15
There, coming up from the sea, he sat, and pitied the Achaeans
Metre
ἔνθἄρὅἐξἁλὸςἕζετ‖ἰώνἐλέαιρεἈχαιοὺς
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἕζετ̓ἄρthenἄρα · particleemphasizing particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἕζετ̓γindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionἁλὸςseaἅλς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐξἕζετsatἕζομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰώνcoming upεἶμι · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕζετ̓ἐλέαιρεpitiedἐλεαίρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἈχαιοὺςAchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐλέαιρε - 16
being broken by the Trojans, and was fiercely angry with Zeus.
Metre
Τρωσὶνδαμναμένους‖Διὶδὲκρατερῶςἐνεμέσσα
ΤρωσὶνTrojansτρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of δαμναμένουςδαμναμένουςbeing brokenδαμνάω · present medio-passive participle, accusative plural masculinecircumstantial complementΔιὶwith ZeusΖεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνεμέσσαδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκρατερῶςfiercelyκρατερός · adverbadverbial to ἐνεμέσσαἐνεμέσσαwas angryνεμεσάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 17
At once he came down from the rugged mountain
Metre
αὐτίκαἐξὄρεος‖κατεβήσετοπαιπαλόεντος
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to κατεβήσετοδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionὄρεοςmountainὄρος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἐξκατεβήσετοcame downκαταβαίνω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαιπαλόεντοςruggedπαιπαλόεις · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies ὄρεος - 18
striding swiftly on his feet; and the tall mountains and the forest trembled
Metre
κραιπνὰποσὶπροβιβάς‖τρέμεοὔρεαμακρὰκαὶὕλη
κραιπνὰwith swift stridesκραιπνός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to προβιβάςποσὶfeetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to προβιβάςπροβιβάςstridingπροβιβάω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κατεβήσετοτρέμεtrembledτρέμω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔρεαmountainsὄρος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καὶμακρὰtallμακρός · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies οὔρεακαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὕληforestὕλη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶ - 19
beneath the immortal feet of Poseidon as he went.
Metre
ποσσὶνὑπἀθανάτοισι‖Ποσειδάωνοςἰόντος
ποσσὶνfeetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ὑπ̓ὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἀθανάτοισιimmortalἀθάνατος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ποσσὶνΠοσειδάωνοςPoseidonΠοσειδεών · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ποσσὶνἰόντοςas he wentεἰμί · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 20
Three times he stretched forward in his stride, and with the fourth he reached the goal,
Metre
τρὶςμὲνὀρέξατἰών‖τὸδὲτέτρατονἵκετοτέκμωρ
τρὶςthree timesτρίς · adverbadverbial to ὀρέξατ̓μὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleὀρέξατstretched forwardὀρέγω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰώνgoingεἶμι · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀρέξατ̓τὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies τέτρατονδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleτέτρατονthe fourthτέταρτος · nominative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἵκετοἵκετοreachedἱκνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτέκμωρthe goalτέκμαρ · irregularobjectepic idiom: literally a mark or fixed point, here the goal of his stride.
- 21
Aegae, where his glorious halls in the depths of the sea
Metre
Αἰγάςἔνθαδέοἱ‖κλυτὰδώματαβένθεσιλίμνης
ΑἰγάςAegaeΑἰγαί · accusative plural feminine nounobjectἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to τετεύχαταιδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies δώματακλυτὰgloriousκλυτός · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies δώματαδώματαhallsδῶμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of τετεύχαταιβένθεσιin the depthsβένθος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to τετεύχαταιλίμνηςseaλίμνη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies βένθεσι - 22
stand fashioned in gold, gleaming, imperishable forever.
Metre
χρύσεαμαρμαίροντα‖τετεύχαταιἄφθιτααἰεί
χρύσεαgoldenχρύσεος · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifiesμαρμαίρονταgleamingμαρμαίρω · present active participle, nominative plural neutermodifiesτετεύχαταιhave been builtτεύχω · perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἄφθιταimperishableἄφθιτος · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifiesαἰείforeverἀεί · adverbemphasizing particle - 23
Coming there he yoked beneath his chariot his bronze-footed horses,
Metre
ἔνθἐλθὼνὑπὄχεσφι‖τιτύσκετοχαλκόποδἵππω
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbobject of ἐλθὼνἐλθὼνcomingἔρχομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τιτύσκετοὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionὄχεσφιchariotὄχος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ὑπ̓τιτύσκετοyokedτιτύσκομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκόποδbronze-footedχαλκόπους · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἵππωἵππωhorsesἵππος · accusative dual masculine nounobject of τιτύσκετο - 24
swift-flying, with their flowing manes of gold;
Metre
ὠκυπέταχρυσέῃσιν‖ἐθείρῃσινκομόωντε
ὠκυπέταswift-flyingὠκυπέτης · accusative dual masculine nounmodifiesχρυσέῃσινgoldenχρύσεος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἐθείρῃσινἐθείρῃσινmanesἔθειρα · dative plural feminine nounobject of κομόωντεκομόωντεwith streaming manesκομάω · present active participle, accusative dual masculinemodifies - 25
he clothed his own body round in gold and took
χρυσὸνgoldχρυσός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔδυνεδbutδέ · particlesentence particleαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔδυνεclothedδύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionχροΐbodyχρώς · dative singular masculine nounobject of περὶγέντοtookγέντο · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbepic aorist middle form functioning like took up for himself.
δbutδέ · particlesentence particleἱμάσθληνthe whipἱμάσθλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of γέντο - 26
his well-made golden whip, then mounted his chariot,
Metre
χρυσείηνεὔτυκτον‖ἑοῦἐπεβήσετοδίφρου
χρυσείηνgoldenχρύσεος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifiesεὔτυκτονwell-madeεὔτυκτος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifiesἑοῦhisἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies δίφρουδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐπεβήσετοmountedἐπιβαίνω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδίφρουchariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐπεβήσετο - 27
and drove over the waves; and sea-creatures played beneath him
Metre
βῆἐλάανἐπὶκύματ‖ἄταλλεδὲκήτεὑπαὐτοῦ
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐλάανto driveἐλαύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to βῆἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionκύματover the wavesκῦμα · dative singular neuter nounobject of ἐπὶἄταλλεplayedἀτάλλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleκήτεsea-creaturesκῆτος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἄταλλεὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionαὐτοῦhimαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to ὑπ̓ - 28
from every side out of their hiding-places, nor did they fail to know their lord;
Metre
πάντοθενἐκκευθμῶν‖οὐδἠγνοίησενἄνακτα
πάντοθενfrom every sideπάντοθεν · adverbadverbial to ἄταλλεἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionκευθμῶνhiding-placesκευθμός · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἐκἠγνοίησενfailed to knowἀγνοέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄνακταtheir lordἄναξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἠγνοίησεν - 29
and in gladness the sea parted; and they flew
Metre
γηθοσύνῃδὲθάλασσα‖διίστατοτοὶδὲπέτοντο
γηθοσύνῃin gladnessγηθοσύνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to διίστατοδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordθάλασσαseaθάλασσα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of διίστατοδιίστατοpartedδιίστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of πέτοντοδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleπέτοντοflewπέτομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 30
very swiftly, nor was the bronze axle wet beneath.
Metre
ῥίμφαμάλοὐδὑπένερθε‖διαίνετοχάλκεοςἄξων
ῥίμφαvery swiftlyῥίμφα · adverbadverbial to πέτοντομάλveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleὑπένερθεbeneath itὑπένερθε · adverbadverbial to διαίνετοδιαίνετοwas wetδιαίνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεοςbronzeχάλκεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἄξωνἄξωνaxleἄξων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of διαίνετο - 31
And his sure-footed horses bore him to the ships of the Achaeans.
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of φέρονδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νῆαςνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐςἐΰσκαρθμοιwell-fittedεὔσκαρθμος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵπποιφέρονbore himφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φέρον - 32
There is a certain broad cave in the depths of the sea
Metre
ἔστιδέτισπέοςεὐρὺ‖βαθείηςβένθεσιλίμνης
ἔστιthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordτιa certainτις · nominative singular neuter pronounmodifies σπέοςσπέοςcaveσπέος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔστιεὐρὺbroadεὐρύς · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σπέοςβαθείηςdeepβαθύς · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies λίμνηςβένθεσιdepthsβένθος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἔστιλίμνηςseaλίμνη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies βένθεσι - 33
midway between Tenedos and rugged Imbros;
Metre
μεσσηγὺςΤενέδοιο‖καὶἼμβρουπαιπαλοέσσης
μεσσηγὺςmidway betweenμεσηγύ · prepositionprepositionΤενέδοιοTenedosΤένεδος · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἼμβρουImbrosἼμβρος · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶπαιπαλοέσσηςruggedπαιπαλόεις · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴμβρου - 34
there Poseidon the earth-shaker halted his horses,
Metre
ἔνθἵππουςἔστησε‖Ποσειδάωνἐνοσίχθων
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἔστησεἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἔστησεἔστησεhaltedἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ἐνοσίχθωνEarth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ποσειδάων - 35
loosed them from the chariot, and cast before them ambrosial fodder
Metre
λύσαςἐξὀχέων‖παρὰἀμβρόσιονβάλενεἶδαρ
λύσαςhaving loosedλύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔστησεἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionὀχέωνchariotὄχος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἐξπαρὰbefore themπαρά · prepositionemphasizing particleδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμβρόσιονimmortalἀμβρόσιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies εἶδαρβάλενcastβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεἶδαρfoodεἶδαρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of βάλεν - 36
to eat; and around their feet he cast golden shackles,
Metre
ἔδμεναιἀμφὶδὲποσσὶ‖πέδαςἔβαλεχρυσείας
ἔδμεναιto eatἔδω · active infinitiveadverbial to βάλενἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordποσσὶfeetπούς · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἀμφὶπέδαςyoke-bandsπέδη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἔβαλεἔβαλεcastβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχρυσείαςgoldenχρύσεος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies - 37
unbreakable and unloosenable, so that they might stay there fixed in place
Metre
ἀρρήκτουςἀλύτους‖ὄφρἔμπεδοναὖθιμένοιεν
ἀρρήκτουςunbreakableἄρρηκτος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifiesἀλύτουςindissolubleἄλυτος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifiesὄφρso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἔμπεδονfixed in placeἔμπεδος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to μένοιεναὖθιthereαὖθι · adverbobject of μένοιενμένοιενstayμένω · present active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ὄφῤ - 38
awaiting their lord's return; and he went toward the host of the Achaeans.
Metre
νοστήσανταἄνακτα‖ὃἐςστρατὸνᾤχετἈχαιῶν
νοστήσανταreturningνοστέω · aorist active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἄνακταlordἄναξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μένοιενὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ᾤχετ̓δbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionστρατὸνhostστρατός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςᾤχετwentοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies στρατὸν - 39
The Trojans, equal to fire or storm-wind,
Metre
Τρῶεςδὲφλογὶἶσοι‖ἀολλέεςἠὲθυέλλῃ
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἕποντοδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordφλογὶfireφλόξ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ἠὲἶσοιequalἴσος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀολλέεςin close arrayἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἠὲorἠέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordθυέλλῃstormwindθύελλα · dative singular feminine nounmodifies ἠὲ - 40
followed Hector, son of Priam, in close array,
Metre
ἝκτοριΠριαμίδῃ‖ἄμοτονμεμαῶτεςἕποντο
ἝκτοριHectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἕποντοΠριαμίδῃPriam's sonΠριαμίδης · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἕκτοριἄμοτονwithout ceaseἄμοτον · adverbadverbial to μεμαῶτεςμεμαῶτεςeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἕποντοἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 41
unshaken, crying aloud; and they hoped the ships of the Achaeans
Metre
ἄβρομοιαὐΐαχοι‖ἔλποντοδὲνῆαςἈχαιῶν
ἄβρομοιunyieldingἄβρομος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementαὐΐαχοιcrying aloudαὐίαχος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔλποντοexpectedἔλπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of αἱρήσεινἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νῆας - 42
to take, and there beside them kill all the best men.
Metre
αἱρήσεινκτενέειν‖δὲπαραὐτόθιπάνταςἀρίστους
αἱρήσεινtakeαἱρέω · future active infinitiveobject of δὲκτενέεινkillκτείνω · future active infinitiveobject of δὲδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπαρbesideπαρά · prepositionadverbial to κτενέειναὐτόθιthereαὐτόθι · adverbadverbial to κτενέεινπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρίστουςἀρίστουςbestἄριστος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of κτενέειν - 43
But Poseidon the earth-holder, the Earth-shaker,
Metre
ἀλλὰΠοσειδάων‖γαιήοχοςἐννοσίγαιος
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄτρυνεγαιήοχοςearth-holderγαιήοχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ποσειδάωνἐννοσίγαιοςearth-shaker̓ἐννοσίγαιος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ποσειδάων - 44
was stirring the Argives, coming up out of the deep sea,
Metre
Ἀργείουςὄτρυνε‖βαθείηςἐξἁλὸςἐλθὼν
ἈργείουςArgivesἈργεῖος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ὄτρυνεὄτρυνεrousedὀτρύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβαθείηςdeepβαθύς · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἁλὸςἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionἁλὸςseaἅλς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐξἐλθὼνcoming upἔρχομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄτρυνε - 45
taking on the shape and the tireless voice of Calchas.
Metre
εἰσάμενοςΚάλχαντι‖δέμαςκαὶἀτειρέαφωνήν
εἰσάμενοςtaking onεἴδομαι · aorist participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄτρυνεΚάλχαντιCalchasΚάλχας · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἰσάμενοςδέμαςformδέμας · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀτειρέαuntiringἀτειρής · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φωνήνφωνήνvoiceφωνή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶ - 46
First he spoke to the two Ajaxes, eager though both already were:
Metre
Αἴαντεπρώτω‖προσέφημεμαῶτεκαὶαὐτώ
ΑἴαντεAjaxesΑἴας · accusative dual masculine nounobject of προσέφηπρώτωfirstπρῶτος · accusative dual masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementπροσέφηspoke toπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμεμαῶτεeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, accusative dual masculinecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctionemphasizing particleαὐτώbothαὐτός · accusative dual masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 47
"Ajaxes, you two will save the people of the Achaeans
Metre
Αἴαντεσφὼμέν‖τεσαώσετελαὸνἈχαιῶν
ΑἴαντεAjaxesΑἴας · vocative dual masculine noungoverned by an elided headσφὼyou twoσφεῖς · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of σαώσετεμένswoops awayμέν · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleσαώσετεwill saveσώζω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verbmain verbλαὸνpeopleλαός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of σαώσετεἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies λαὸν - 48
if you remember your might, and not chill panic.
Metre
ἀλκῆςμνησαμένω‖μὴδὲκρυεροῖοφόβοιο
ἀλκῆςmightἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of δὲμνησαμένωrememberingμιμνήσκω · aorist middle participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to σαώσετεμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκρυεροῖοchillκρυερός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies φόβοιοφόβοιοfearφόβος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of δὲ - 49
In other quarters I do not fear the irresistible hands
Metre
ἄλλῃμὲνγὰρἔγωγ‖οὐδείδιαχεῖραςἀάπτους
ἄλλῃelsewhereἄλλῃ · adverbadverbial to δείδιαμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔγωγIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δείδιαοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleδείδιαI fearδείδω · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of δείδιαἀάπτουςirresistibleἄαπτος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖρας - 50
of the Trojans, who in their throng have crossed the great wall;
Metre
Τρώωνοἳμέγατεῖχος‖ὑπερκατέβησανὁμίλῳ
ΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural nounmodifies χεῖραςοἳwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὑπερκατέβησανμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies τεῖχοςτεῖχοςwallτεῖχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὑπερκατέβησανὑπερκατέβησανcrossed overὑπερκαταβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing Τρώωνὁμίλῳthrongὅμιλος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπερκατέβησαν - 51
for the well-greaved Achaeans will hold them all in check.
Metre
ἕξουσινγὰρπάντας‖ἐϋκνήμιδεςἈχαιοί
ἕξουσινwill holdἔχω · future active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἕξουσινἐϋκνήμιδεςwell-greavedἐυκνήμις · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιοίἈχαιοίAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἕξουσιν - 52
But there indeed I dread most terribly lest we suffer something,
Metre
τῇδὲδὴαἰνότατον‖περιδείδιαμήτιπάθωμεν
τῇthereὁ · dative singular feminine pronounadverbial to περιδείδιαδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordδὴnowδή · particlesentence particleαἰνότατονmost dreadfullyαἰνός · accusative singular neuter superlative adjectiveadverbial to περιδείδιαπεριδείδιαI dreadπεριδείδω · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbμήlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of πάθωμενπάθωμενwe sufferπάσχω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbobject of περιδείδια - 53
where that madman, like a flame, leads them on,
Metre
ᾗὅὁλυσσώδης‖φλογὶεἴκελοςἡγεμονεύει
ᾗwhereὅς · dative singular feminine pronounobject of ἡγεμονεύειῥthenἆρα · particlesentence particleὅthat oneὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleὁtheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies λυσσώδηςλυσσώδηςmadly ragingλυσσώδης · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementφλογὶflameφλόξ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies εἴκελοςεἴκελοςlikeεἴκελος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἡγεμονεύειleadsἡγεμονεύω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing τῇ - 54
Hector, who boasts he is the son of Zeus, mighty in strength.
Metre
ἝκτωρὃςΔιὸςεὔχετ‖ἐρισθενέοςπάϊςεἶναι
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εὔχετ̓ΔιὸςZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πάϊςεὔχετboastsεὔχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἕκτωρἐρισθενέοςmightyἐρισθενής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Διὸςπάϊςsonπαῖς · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of εὔχετ̓ - 55
May some god put this in the hearts of you two,
Metre
σφῶϊνὧδεθεῶν‖τιςἐνὶφρεσὶποιήσειεν
σφῶϊνyou twoσύ · dative dual pronounobject of ποιήσειενδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὧδεthusὧδε · adverbadverbial to ποιήσειενθεῶνof the godsθεός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιςτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ποιήσειενἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionφρεσὶin your heartsφρήν · dative plural nounobject of ἐνὶποιήσειενmay putποιέω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 56
both to stand fast yourselves and to urge on others;
Metre
αὐτώἑστάμεναι‖κρατερῶςκαὶἀνωγέμενἄλλους
αὐτώyourselves bothαὐτός · accusative dual masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementθandτε · particlesentence particleἑστάμεναιstandἵστημι · perfect active infinitiveobject of καὶκρατερῶςsteadfastlyκρατερός · adverbadverbial to ἑστάμεναικαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀνωγέμενurge onἄνωγα · perfect active infinitiveobject of καὶἄλλουςothersἄλλος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἀνωγέμεν - 57
then even from the swift ships you would drive him back
Metre
τώκεκαὶἐσσύμενόν‖περἐρωήσαιτἀπὸνηῶν
τώthe twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of ἐρωήσαιτ̓κεwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐσσύμενόνrushing onσεύω · perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἐρωήσαιτdrive backἐρωέω · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionνηῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἀπὸ - 58
though he rushes on, even if Olympian Zeus himself rouses him."
Metre
ὠκυπόρωνεἰκαί‖μινὈλύμπιοςαὐτὸςἐγείρει
ὠκυπόρωνswiftὠκύπορος · genitive plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηῶνεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκαίeven ifκαί · adverbsentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐγείρειὈλύμπιοςOlympianὈλύμπιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of ἐγείρειαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐγείρειarouses himἐγείρω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰ - 59
So saying, Poseidon the earth-holder, the Earth-shaker,
Metre
ἦκαὶσκηπανίῳ‖γαιήοχοςἐννοσίγαιος
ἦso sayingἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleσκηπανίῳwith his staffσκηπάνιον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to πλῆσενγαιήοχοςearth-holderγαιήοχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἐννοσίγαιοςἐννοσίγαιοςearth-shaker̓ἐννοσίγαιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ - 60
striking both with his staff, filled them with mighty valor,
Metre
ἀμφοτέρωκεκοπὼς‖πλῆσενμένεοςκρατεροῖο
ἀμφοτέρωbothἀμφότερος · accusative dual masculine adjectiveobject of πλῆσενπλῆσενfilledπίμπλημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμένεοςforceμένος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of πλῆσενκρατεροῖοmightyκρατερός · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένεος - 61
and made their limbs light, both their feet and hands above.
Metre
γυῖαἔθηκενἐλαφρὰ‖πόδαςκαὶχεῖραςὕπερθεν
γυῖαlimbsγυῖον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καὶδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔθηκενmadeτίθημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐλαφρὰlightἐλαφρός · accusative plural neuter adjectivecomplement of ἔθηκενπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶὕπερθενfrom aboveὕπερθεν · adverbemphasizing particle - 62
Then he himself sprang away like a swift-winged hawk in flight,
αὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὥςlikeὡς · adverbadverbial to ὦρτοτandτε · particlesentence particleἴρηξhawkἱέραξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρτοὠκύπτεροςswift-wingedὠκύπτερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἴρηξὦρτοsprangὄρνυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἤϊξεπέτεσθαιto flyπέτομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveadverbial to ὦρτο - 63
one that, rising from a lofty crag on a steep cliff,
Metre
ὅςῥάἀπαἰγίλιπος‖πέτρηςπεριμήκεοςἀρθεὶς
ὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ὁρμήσῃῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionαἰγίλιποςsheerαἰγίλιψ · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies πέτρηςπέτρηςfrom the cragπέτρα · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπ̓περιμήκεοςtoweringπεριμήκης · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies πέτρηςἀρθεὶςrisingαἴρω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὁρμήσῃ - 64
darts across the plain to chase another bird,
Metre
ὁρμήσῃπεδίοιο‖διώκεινὄρνεονἄλλο
ὁρμήσῃdartsὁρμάω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἴρηξπεδίοιοplainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ὁρμήσῃδιώκεινto chaseδιώκω · present active infinitiveadverbial to ὁρμήσῃὄρνεονbirdὄρνεον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of διώκεινἄλλοanotherἄλλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies , - 65
so from them sprang Poseidon the Earth-shaker.
Metre
ὣςἀπὸτῶνἤϊξε‖Ποσειδάωνἐνοσίχθων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἤϊξεἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionτῶνof themὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounobject of ἀπὸἤϊξεsprang awayἀίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤϊξεἐνοσίχθωνEarth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ποσειδάων - 66
The first of the two to know him was swift Ajax, son of Oileus,
Metre
τοῖινἔγνωπρόσθεν‖ὈϊλῆοςταχὺςΑἴας
τοῖινof the twoὁ · genitive dual masculine pronounmodifies Αἴαςδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἔγνωknewγιγνώσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπρόσθενfirstπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔγνωὈϊλῆοςOileusὈϊλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴαςταχὺςswiftταχύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ - 67
and at once he spoke to Ajax, son of Telamon:
Metre
αἶψαἄρΑἴαντα‖προσέφηΤελαμώνιονυἱόν
αἶψαquicklyαἶψα · adverbadverbial to προσέφηδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΑἴανταAjaxΑἴας · accusative singular masculine nounobjectπροσέφηaddressedπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΤελαμώνιονTelamonΤελαμών · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱόνυἱόνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject - 68
"Ajax, since one of the gods who hold Olympus
Metre
Αἶανἐπείτιςνῶϊ‖θεῶνοἳὌλυμπονἔχουσι
ΑἶανAjaxΑἴας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἐπείsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κέλεταινῶϊwe twoἐγώ · accusative dual masculine pronounsubject of μάχεσθαιθεῶνof the godsθεός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιςοἳtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔχουσιὌλυμπονOlympusὌλυμπος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔχουσιἔχουσιholdἔχω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing θεῶν - 69
in the likeness of a seer commands us to fight beside the ships,
Metre
μάντεϊεἰδόμενος‖κέλεταιπαρὰνηυσὶμάχεσθαι
μάντεϊseerμάντις · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἰδόμενοςεἰδόμενοςin likenessεἴδομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κέλεταικέλεταιcommandsκέλομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπείπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of κέλεται - 70
that man is not Calchas the prophet and reader of birds;
Metre
οὐδὅγεΚάλχαςἐστὶ‖θεοπρόποςοἰωνιστής
ὅthat manὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐστὶγεat leastγε · particleemphasizing particleΚάλχαςCalchasΚάλχας · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounἐστὶisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεοπρόποςprophetθεοπρόπος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies οἰωνιστήςοἰωνιστήςbird-seerοἰωνιστής · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate noun - 71
for easily I knew the marks of his feet and shins
Metre
ἴχνιαγὰρμετόπισθε‖ποδῶνἠδὲκνημάων
ἴχνιαtracksἴχνιον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔγνωνγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleμετόπισθεbehindμετόπισθε · adverbadverbial to ἔγνωνποδῶνfeetπούς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκνημάωνshinsκνήμη · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies ἠδὲ - 72
as he went away; and the gods are easy indeed to know.
Metre
ῥεῖἔγνωνἀπιόντος‖ἀρίγνωτοιδὲθεοίπερ
ῥεῖeasilyῥεῖα · adverbadverbial to ἔγνωνἔγνωνknewγιγνώσκω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἀπιόντοςgoing awayἄπειμι · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἀρίγνωτοιeasy to knowἀρίγνωτος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordθεοίgodsθεός · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 73
And within my own breast the heart in me more
Metre
καὶἐμοὶαὐτῷθυμὸς‖ἐνὶστήθεσσιφίλοισι
καὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐμοὶto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμὸςαὐτῷmyselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐφορμᾶταιἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσιbreastστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounmodifies ἐνὶφίλοισιdearφίλος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies στήθεσσι - 74
rushes on to war and to battle,
Metre
μᾶλλονἐφορμᾶται‖πολεμίζεινἠδὲμάχεσθαι
μᾶλλονmoreμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἐφορμᾶταιἐφορμᾶταιrushes onἐφορμάω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολεμίζεινfightπολεμίζω · present active infinitiveobject of ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμάχεσθαιto battleμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἠδὲ - 75
and beneath me my feet are eager, and above my hands."
Metre
μαιμώωσιἔνερθε‖πόδεςκαὶχεῖρεςὕπερθε
μαιμώωσιare eagerμαιμάω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔνερθεbelowἔνερθε · prepositionemphasizing particleπόδεςfeetπούς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖρεςhandsχείρ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶὕπερθεaboveὕπερθεν · prepositionemphasizing particle - 76
Then Telamonian Ajax answered him and said:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέφηδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπαμειβόμενοςansweredἀπαμείβομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέφηπροσέφηaddressedπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΤελαμώνιοςTelamonΤελαμών · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέφη - 77
"So now for me too around the spear my irresistible hands
Metre
οὕτωνῦνκαὶἐμοὶ‖περὶδούρατιχεῖρεςἄαπτοι
οὕτωsoοὕτως · adverbadverbial to δὲνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to δὲκαὶtooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐμοὶfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies χεῖρεςπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionδούρατιspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounobject of περὶχεῖρεςhandsχείρ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of μαιμῶσινἄαπτοιirresistibleἄαπτος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖρες - 78
are eager, and my strength has risen, and beneath my feet
Metre
μαιμῶσινκαίμοι‖μένοςὤρορενέρθεδὲποσσὶν
μαιμῶσινare eagerμαιμάω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαίandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleμοιto meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies μένοςμένοςstrengthμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὤρορεὤρορεhas risenὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνέρθεbelowνέρθε · adverbadverbial to ἔσσυμαιδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordποσσὶνfeetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἔσσυμαι - 79
I am quick with both of them; and I long even alone
Metre
ἔσσυμαιἀμφοτέροισι‖μενοινώωδὲκαὶοἶος
ἔσσυμαιam eagerσεύω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἀμφοτέροισιbothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ποσσὶνμενοινώωlongμενοινάω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleοἶοςaloneοἶος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 80
to fight Hector son of Priam, eager beyond measure."
Metre
ἝκτοριΠριαμίδῃ‖ἄμοτονμεμαῶτιμάχεσθαι
ἝκτοριHectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of μάχεσθαιΠριαμίδῃPriam's sonΠριαμίδης · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἕκτοριἄμοτονbeyond measureἄμοτον · adverbadverbial to μεμαῶτιμεμαῶτιeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of μενοινώω - 81
So they spoke such words to one another,
Metre
ὣςοἳμὲντοιαῦτα‖πρὸςἀλλήλουςἀγόρευον
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἀγόρευονοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀγόρευονμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleτοιαῦταsuchτοιοῦτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἀγόρευονπρὸςto one anotherπρός · prepositionprepositionἀλλήλουςone anotherἀλλήλων · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of πρὸςἀγόρευονspokeἀγορεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 82
rejoicing in the delight for battle that the god had cast into their hearts.
Metre
χάρμῃγηθόσυνοι‖τήνσφινθεὸςἔμβαλεθυμῷ
χάρμῃbattle joyχάρμη · dative singular feminine nounobject of γηθόσυνοιγηθόσυνοιrejoicingγηθόσυνος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementτήνtheὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἔμβαλεσφινinto themσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ἔμβαλεθεὸςgodθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔμβαλεἔμβαλεcast intoἐμβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χάρμῃθυμῷheartsθυμός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἔμβαλε - 83
Meanwhile the earth-holder roused the Achaeans in the rear,
Metre
τόφραδὲτοὺςὄπιθεν‖γαιήοχοςὦρσενἈχαιούς
τόφραmeanwhileτόφρα · adverbadverbial to ὦρσενδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine articlemodifies Ἀχαιούςὄπιθενin the rearὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to ὦρσενγαιήοχοςearth-holderγαιήοχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of ὦρσενὦρσενstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχαιούςAchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ὦρσεν - 84
who beside the swift ships were taking breath in their dear hearts.
Metre
οἳπαρὰνηυσὶθοῇσιν‖ἀνέψυχονφίλονἦτορ
οἳtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀνέψυχονπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰθοῇσινswiftθοός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶἀνέψυχονtook heartἀναψύχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing Ἀχαιούςφίλονdearφίλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἦτορἦτορspiritἦτορ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀνέψυχον - 85
Their limbs had been loosened with grievous toil,
Metre
τῶνἅμαἀργαλέῳ‖καμάτῳφίλαγυῖαλέλυντο
τῶνtheirὁ · genitive plural masculine articlemodifies γυῖαῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἅμαtogetherἅμα · prepositionprepositionτandσύ · accusative singular pronounsentence particleἀργαλέῳgrievousἀργαλέος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies καμάτῳκαμάτῳwearinessκάματος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἅμαφίλαdearφίλος · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies γυῖαγυῖαlimbsγυῖον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καμάτῳλέλυντοhad been loosenedλύω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 86
and grief came upon their hearts as they looked on
Metre
καίσφινἄχοςκατὰθυμὸν‖ἐγίγνετοδερκομένοισι
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσφινfor themσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐγίγνετοἄχοςgriefἄχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐγίγνετοκατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰἐγίγνετοcameγίγνομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδερκομένοισιlooking onδέρκομαι · present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculinecircumstantial complement - 87
the Trojans, who in their throng had crossed the great wall.
Metre
Τρῶαςτοὶμέγατεῖχος‖ὑπερκατέβησανὁμίλῳ
Τρῶαςthe TrojansΤρώς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δερκομένοισιτοὶwhoὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὑπερκατέβησανμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies τεῖχοςτεῖχοςwallτεῖχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὑπερκατέβησανὑπερκατέβησανcrossed overὑπερκαταβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing Τρῶαςὁμίλῳthrongὅμιλος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπερκατέβησαν - 88
Seeing them, they shed tears from beneath their brows;
Metre
τοὺςοἵεἰσορόωντες‖ὑπὀφρύσιδάκρυαλεῖβον
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of εἰσορόωντεςοἵtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of λεῖβονγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleεἰσορόωντεςlooking onεἰσοράω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to λεῖβονὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionὀφρύσιbrowsὀφρύς · dative plural feminine nounobject of ὑπ̓δάκρυαtearsδάκρυον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of λεῖβονλεῖβονshedλείβω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 89
for they did not think they would escape from ruin. But the Earth-shaker
Metre
οὐγὰρἔφανφεύξεσθαι‖ὑπἐκκακοῦἀλλἐνοσίχθων
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔφανthoughtφημί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbφεύξεσθαιescapeφεύγω · future middle infinitiveobject of ἔφανὑπfromὑπό · prepositionprepositionἐκfromἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleκακοῦruinκακός · genitive singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἐκἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleἐνοσίχθωνEarth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄτρυνε - 90
moving easily among them roused the strong battalions.
Metre
ῥεῖαμετεισάμενος‖κρατερὰςὄτρυνεφάλαγγας
ῥεῖαeasilyῥεῖα · adverbadverbial to ὄτρυνεμετεισάμενοςmoving among themμεταίζω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄτρυνεκρατερὰςmightyκρατερός · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies φάλαγγαςὄτρυνεrousedὀτρύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφάλαγγαςbattalionsφάλαγξ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ὄτρυνε - 91
First he came urging Teucer and Leitus,
Metre
Τεῦκρονἔπιπρῶτον‖καὶΛήϊτονἦλθεκελεύων
ΤεῦκρονTeucerτεῦκρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶἔπιuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionπρῶτονfirstπρῶτος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleΛήϊτονLeitusΛήϊτος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἦλθεἦλθεcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκελεύωνurgingκελεύω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθε - 92
and the hero Peneleos and Thoas and Deipyrus,
Metre
Πηνέλεώνἥρωα‖ΘόαντάτεΔηΐπυρόντε
ΠηνέλεώνPeneleosΠηνέλεως · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶθandτε · particlesentence particleἥρωαheroἥρως · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠηνέλεώνΘόαντάThoasΘόας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleΔηΐπυρόνDeipyrusΔηιπυρός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particle - 93
and Meriones and Antilochus, masters of the war-cry;
Metre
ΜηριόνηντεκαὶἈντίλοχον‖μήστωραςἀϋτῆς
ΜηριόνηνMerionesΜηριόνης · accusative singular masculine nounobjectτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈντίλοχονAntilochusἈντίλοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectμήστωραςmastersμήστωρ · accusative plural masculine nounobjectἀϋτῆςshoutἀυτή · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies μήστωρας - 94
urging them on, he addressed them with winged words:
Metre
τοὺςὅἐποτρύνων‖ἔπεαπτερόενταπροσηύδα
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of προσηύδαγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐποτρύνωνurged onἐποτρύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαaddressedπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 95
"Shame, Argives, young men; upon you indeed
Metre
αἰδὼςἈργεῖοι‖κοῦροινέοιὔμμινἔγωγε
αἰδὼςshameαἰδώς · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectἈργεῖοιArgivesἈργεῖος · vocative plural masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headκοῦροιyoung menκόρος · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headνέοιyoungνέος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies κοῦροιὔμμινto youσύ · dative plural pronounobject of πέποιθαἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of πέποιθα - 96
fighting, I relied to save our ships.
Metre
μαρναμένοισιπέποιθα‖σαωσέμεναινέαςἁμάς
μαρναμένοισιfightingμάρναμαι · present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculinecircumstantial complementπέποιθαI relyπείθω · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbσαωσέμεναιsaveσώζω · future active infinitiveobject of πέποιθανέαςshipsνέα · accusative plural feminine nounobject of σαωσέμεναιἁμάςourἁμός · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νέας - 97
But if you withdraw from dread battle,
Metre
εἰὑμεῖςπολέμοιο‖μεθήσετελευγαλέοιο
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑμεῖςyouσύ · nominative plural pronounsubject of μεθήσετεπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεθήσετεμεθήσετεwithdrawμεθίημι · future active indicative, 2nd plural verbadverbial to εἰλευγαλέοιοwoefulλευγαλέος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πολέμοιο - 98
now indeed the day is seen when we shall be subdued by the Trojans.
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to εἴδεταιδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleεἴδεταιis seenεἴδομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἦμαρdayἦμαρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of εἴδεταιὑπὸbyὑπό · prepositionprepositionΤρώεσσιTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of ὑπὸδαμῆναιovercomeδαμάζω · aorist passive infinitivemodifies ἦμαρ - 99
Ah me, truly a great wonder this my eyes behold,
Metre
ὢπόποιἦμέγαθαῦμα‖τόδὀφθαλμοῖσινὁρῶμαι
ὢah meὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleπόποιalasπόποι · interjectiongoverned by an elided headἦtrulyἦ · adverbsentence particleμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies θαῦμαθαῦμαwonderθαῦμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ,τόδthisὅδε · accusative singular neuter pronounmodifies θαῦμαὀφθαλμοῖσινeyesὀφθαλμός · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ὁρῶμαιὁρῶμαιseeὁράω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 100
a fearful thing, which I had never said would come to pass:
Metre
δεινόνὃοὔποτἔγωγε‖τελευτήσεσθαιἔφασκον
δεινόνterribleδεινός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ,ὃwhichὅς · accusative singular neuter pronounsubject of τελευτήσεσθαιοὔneverοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleποτeverποτέ · particleadverbial to τελευτήσεσθαιἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔφασκοντελευτήσεσθαιcome to passτελευτάω · future middle infinitiveobject of ἔφασκονἔφασκονused to sayφάσκω · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing , - 101
the Trojans going against our ships, they who before this
Metre
Τρῶαςἐφἡμετέρας‖ἰέναινέαςοἳτὸπάροςπερ
ΤρῶαςTrojansΤρώς · accusative plural masculine nounsubject of ἰέναιἐφstraight againstἐπί · prepositionprepositionἡμετέραςourἡμέτερος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νέαςἰέναιgoingεἶμι · present active infinitiveobject of ,νέαςshipsνέα · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐφ̓οἳtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐοίκεσαντὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πάροςπάροςbeforeπάρος · adverbadverbial to ἐοίκεσανπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 102
were like fleeing deer, who through the forest
Metre
φυζακινῇςἐλάφοισιν‖ἐοίκεσαναἵτεκαθὕλην
φυζακινῇςfugitivesφυζακινός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἐλάφοισινἐλάφοισινdeerἔλαφος · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐοίκεσανἐοίκεσανwere likeἔοικα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing Τρῶαςαἵwhoὅς · nominative plural feminine pronounsubject of πέλονταιτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαθdownκατά · prepositionprepositionὕληνforestὕλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καθ̓ - 103
become the prey of jackals and leopards and wolves,
Metre
θώωνπαρδαλίων‖τελύκωνἤϊαπέλονται
θώωνjackalsθώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τ̓παρδαλίωνpanthersπάρδαλις · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies τ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleλύκωνwolvesλύκος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τ̓τandτε · particlecoordinating wordἤϊαpreyἤια · nominative plural neuter nounpredicate nounπέλονταιbecomeπέλω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing δ̓ - 104
wandering helplessly, and with no heart for battle.
Metre
αὔτωςἠλάσκουσαι‖ἀνάλκιδεςοὐδἔπιχάρμη
αὔτωςthusαὔτως · adverbadverbial to ἠλάσκουσαιἠλάσκουσαιwanderἠλάσκω · present active participle, nominative plural feminineadverbial to πέλονταιἀνάλκιδεςcowardlyἄναλκις · nominative plural feminine nouncircumstantial complementἔπιforἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleχάρμηbattle joyχάρμη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject - 105
So the Trojans before this were not willing to await
Metre
ὣςΤρῶεςτὸπρίν‖γεμένοςκαὶχεῖραςἈχαιῶν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἐθέλεσκονΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐθέλεσκοντὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πρίνπρίνbeforeπρίν · adverbadverbial to ἐθέλεσκονγεat leastγε · particleemphasizing particleμένοςforceμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 106
the strength and hands of the Achaeans face to face, not for a little.
Metre
μίμνεινοὐκἐθέλεσκον‖ἐναντίονοὐδἠβαιόν
μίμνεινremainμίμνω · present active infinitiveobject of ἐθέλεσκονοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐθέλεσκονwishἐθέλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐναντίονagainst themἐναντίον · adverbadverbial to ,ἠβαιόνat allἠβαιός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to , - 107
but now they fight far from the city, beside the hollow ships."
Metre
νῦνδὲἑκὰςπόλιος‖κοίλῃςἐπὶνηυσὶμάχονται
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to μάχονταιδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑκὰςfar offἑκάς · prepositionprepositionπόλιοςcityπόλις · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἑκὰςκοίλῃςhollowκοῖλος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶμάχονταιfightμάχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 108
through the leader's failure and the slackness of the people,
Metre
ἡγεμόνοςκακότητι‖μεθημοσύνῃσίτελαῶν
ἡγεμόνοςleader'sἡγεμών · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κακότητικακότητιcowardiceκακότης · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to τεμεθημοσύνῃσίslacknessμεθημοσύνη · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordλαῶνof the troopsλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies μεθημοσύνῃσί - 109
who in anger with him are not willing to ward off
Metre
οἳκείνῳἐρίσαντες‖ἀμυνέμενοὐκἐθέλουσι
οἳwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀλλὰκείνῳthat manἐκεῖνος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐρίσαντεςἐρίσαντεςquarrelingἐρίζω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐθέλουσιἀμυνέμενdefendἀμύνω · present active infinitiveobject of ἐθέλουσιοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐθέλουσιwishἐθέλω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἀλλὰ - 110
destruction from the swift ships, but are being slain beside them.
Metre
νηῶνὠκυπόρων‖ἀλλὰκτείνονταιἀναὐτάς
νηῶνfrom the shipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἀμυνέμενὠκυπόρωνswiftὠκύπορος · genitive plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηῶνἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordκτείνονταιare slainκτείνω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἀλλὰἀνbesideἀνά · prepositionprepositionαὐτάςbeside themαὐτός · accusative plural feminine adjectiveadverbial to ἀν̓ - 111
But even if indeed he is altogether truly at fault,
Metre
ἀλλεἰδὴκαὶπάμπαν‖ἐτήτυμοναἴτιόςἐστιν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleπάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to αἴτιόςἐτήτυμονtrueἐτήτυμος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to αἴτιόςαἴτιόςresponsibleαἴτιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐστινisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰ - 112
the hero, son of Atreus, the wide-ruling lord Agamemnon,
Metre
ἥρωςἈτρεΐδης‖εὐρὺκρείωνἈγαμέμνων
ἥρωςheroἥρως · nominative plural masculine nounmodifies ἈγαμέμνωνἈτρεΐδηςAtreus’ sonἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀγαμέμνωνεὐρὺwide-rulingεὐρύς · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κρείωνκρείωνlordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈγαμέμνωνἈγαμέμνωνAgamemnonἈγαμέμνων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστιν - 113
because he dishonored swift-footed Achilles,
Metre
οὕνεκἀπητίμησε‖ποδώκεαΠηλεΐωνα
οὕνεκbecauseοὕνεκα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἀπητίμησεdishonoredἀπατιμάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to οὕνεκ̓ποδώκεαswift-footedποδώκης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠηλεΐωναΠηλεΐωναAchillesΠηλείων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀπητίμησε - 114
even so there is no way for us to cease from battle.
Metre
ἡμέαςοὔπωςἔστι‖μεθιέμεναιπολέμοιο
ἡμέαςusἐγώ · accusative plural masculine pronounsubject of μεθιέμεναιγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπωςsomehowπως · particlesentence particleἔστιisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμεθιέμεναιceaseμεθίημι · present active infinitivesubject of ἔστιπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεθιέμεναι - 115
But let us heal quickly; the hearts of brave men are curable.
Metre
ἀλλἀκεώμεθαθᾶσσον‖ἀκεσταίτοιφρένεςἐσθλῶν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἀκεώμεθαhealἀκέομαι · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbθᾶσσονmore quicklyταχύς · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectiveadverbial to ἀκεώμεθαἀκεσταίcan be healedἀκεστός · nominative plural feminine adjectivepredicate nounτοιsurelyτοι · particlesentence particleφρένεςheartsφρήν · nominative plural feminine nounsubjectἐσθλῶνbrave menἐσθλός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies φρένες - 116
You no longer do well to slacken your furious strength,
Metre
ὑμεῖςοὐκἔτικαλὰ‖μεθίετεθούριδοςἀλκῆς
ὑμεῖςyouσύ · nominative plural pronounsubject of μεθίετεδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὐκno longerοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἔτιstillἔτι · adverbemphasizing particleκαλὰwellκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to μεθίετεμεθίετεslackenμεθίημι · present active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbθούριδοςfuriousθοῦρις · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἀλκῆςἀλκῆςstrengthἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of μεθίετε - 117
though you are the best men in all the host. I for my part
Metre
πάντεςἄριστοιἐόντες‖ἀνὰστρατόνοὐδἂνἔγωγε
πάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὑμεῖςἄριστοιbestἄριστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐόντεςthough you areεἰμί · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to μεθίετεἀνὰthroughoutἀνά · prepositionprepositionστρατόνthe hostστρατός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἀνὰἂνwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μαχεσσαίμην - 118
would not rebuke a man who withdrew from battle
Metre
ἀνδρὶμαχεσσαίμην‖ὅςτιςπολέμοιομεθείη
ἀνδρὶwith a manἀνήρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of μαχεσσαίμηνμαχεσσαίμηνwould fightμάχομαι · aorist middle optative, 1st singular verbmain verbὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μεθείητιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεθείημεθείηgive wayμεθίημι · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀνδρὶ - 119
if he were a coward; but with you I am indignant at heart.
Metre
λυγρὸςἐώνὑμῖν‖δὲνεμεσσῶμαιπερὶκῆρι
λυγρὸςcowardlyλυγρός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐώνif he wereεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μεθείηὑμῖνwith youσύ · dative plural pronounobject of νεμεσσῶμαιδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordνεμεσσῶμαιam indignantνεμεσάω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionκῆριheartκῆρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶ - 120
My friends, soon by this slackness you will make something worse.
Metre
ὦπέπονεςτάχαδή‖τικακὸνποιήσετεμεῖζον
ὦOὦ · interjectionemphasizing particleπέπονεςmy friendsπέπων · vocative plural masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headτάχαsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to ποιήσετεδήnowδή · particlesentence particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounmodifies κακὸνκακὸνevilκακός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ποιήσετεποιήσετεwill makeποιέω · future active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbμεῖζονgreaterμέγας · accusative singular neuter comparative adjectivemodifies κακὸν - 121
Set in your hearts each of you shame and indignation;
Metre
τῇδεμεθημοσύνῃ‖ἀλλἐνφρεσὶθέσθεἕκαστος
τῇδεby thisὅδε · dative singular feminine pronounmodifies μεθημοσύνῃμεθημοσύνῃslacknessμεθημοσύνη · dative singular feminine nounmodifies μεῖζονἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionφρεσὶin your heartsφρήν · dative plural nounobject of ἐνθέσθεsetτίθημι · aorist middle imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbἕκαστοςeach oneἕκαστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of θέσθε - 122
for now a great struggle has arisen.
Metre
αἰδῶκαὶνέμεσιν‖δὴγὰρμέγανεῖκοςὄρωρεν
αἰδῶshameαἰδώς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνέμεσινindignationνέμεσις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶδὴnowδή · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleμέγαgreatμέγας · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies νεῖκοςνεῖκοςquarrelνεῖκος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὄρωρενὄρωρενhas arisenὄρνυμι · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 123
"Hector, good at the war-cry, fights beside the ships,
Metre
Ἕκτωρδὴπαρὰνηυσὶ‖βοὴνἀγαθὸςπολεμίζει
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲδὴnowδή · particlesentence particleπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰβοὴνwar-cryβοή · accusative singular feminine nounmodifies ἀγαθὸςἀγαθὸςbraveἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτωρπολεμίζειfightsπολεμίζω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 124
powerful, and he has broken the gates and the long bar."
Metre
καρτερόςἔρρηξεν‖δὲπύλαςκαὶμακρὸνὀχῆα
καρτερόςstrongκαρτερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔρρηξενhas brokenῥήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπύλαςgatesπύλη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμακρὸνlongμακρός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀχῆαὀχῆαbarὀχεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 125
So exhorting them, the Earth-shaker roused the Achaeans.
Metre
ὥςῥακελευτιόων‖γαιήοχοςὦρσενἈχαιούς
ὥςsoὡς · conjunctionadverbial to κελευτιόωνῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleκελευτιόωνexhortingκελευτιάω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὦρσενγαιήοχοςearth-holderγαιήοχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of ὦρσενὦρσενstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχαιούςAchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ὦρσεν - 126
Around the two Ajaxes battalions took their stand,
Metre
ἀμφὶἄρΑἴαντας‖δοιοὺςἵσταντοφάλαγγες
ἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΑἴανταςAjaxesΑἴας · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀμφὶδοιοὺςtwoδοιοί · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Αἴανταςἵσταντοtook their standἵστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbφάλαγγεςbattalionsφάλαγξ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἵσταντο - 127
strong battalions that not even Ares coming among them would despise,
Metre
καρτεραίἃςοὔτἄν‖κενἌρηςὀνόσαιτομετελθὼν
καρτεραίstrongκαρτερός · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies φάλαγγεςἃςwhichὅς · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ὀνόσαιτοἄνwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleκενwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleἌρηςAresἌρης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀνόσαιτοὀνόσαιτοdespiseὄνομαι · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing τεμετελθὼνcoming among themμετέρχομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀνόσαιτο - 128
nor Athena, driver of the host; for they were the best men
Metre
οὔτεἈθηναίη‖λαοσσόοςοἳγὰρἄριστοι
κwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleἈθηναίηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectλαοσσόοςrouser of hostsλαοσσόος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἀθηναίηοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄριστοιγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἄριστοιbestἄριστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἔμιμνον - 129
chosen out to await the Trojans and noble Hector,
Metre
κρινθέντεςΤρῶάς‖τεκαὶἝκτοραδῖονἔμιμνον
κρινθέντεςchosen outκρίνω · aorist passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔμιμνονΤρῶάςTrojansΤρώς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶδῖονnobleδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτοραἔμιμνονawaitedμίμνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 130
fencing spear with spear, shield with shield.
Metre
φράξαντεςδόρυδουρί‖σάκοςσάκεϊπροθελύμνῳ
φράξαντεςfencingφράσσω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ,δόρυspearδόρυ · accusative neuter nounobject of φράξαντεςδουρίspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounobject of φράξαντεςσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobjectσάκεϊshieldσάκος · dative singular neuter nounobjectπροθελύμνῳat the forefrontπροθέλυμνος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκεϊ - 131
Shield pressed on shield, helmet on helmet, man on man.
Metre
ἀσπὶςἄρἀσπίδἔρειδε‖κόρυςκόρυνἀνέραἀνήρ
ἀσπὶςshieldἀσπίς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔρειδεἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἀσπίδshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔρειδεἔρειδεbracedἐρείδω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκόρυςhelmetκόρυς · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectκόρυνhelmetκόρυς · accusative singular feminine nounobjectἀνέραmanἀνήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobjectδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀνήρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 132
The horse-haired helmets touched with their shining crests
ψαῦονtouchedψαύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἱππόκομοιhorse-hairedἱππόκομος · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies κόρυθεςκόρυθεςhelmetsκόρυς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ψαῦονλαμπροῖσιbrightλαμπρός · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies φάλοισιφάλοισιcrestsφάλος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ψαῦον - 133
as the men nodded, so close they stood by one another.
Metre
νευόντωνὡςπυκνοὶ‖ἐφέστασανἀλλήλοισιν
νευόντωνnoddingνεύω · present active participle, genitive plural masculinecircumstantial complementὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to ἐφέστασανπυκνοὶclose-packedπυκνός · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐφέστασανstood byἐφίστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ψαῦονἀλλήλοισινone anotherἀλλήλων · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐφέστασαν - 134
Spears thrust out from bold hands
ἔγχεαspearsἔγχος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἐπτύσσοντοδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπτύσσοντοthrust outπτύσσω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbθρασειάωνboldθρασύς · genitive plural feminine adjectivemodifies χειρῶνἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionχειρῶνhandsχείρ · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἀπὸ - 135
were brandished; and they fixed their minds straight ahead, eager for battle.
Metre
σειόμενοἳἰθὺς‖φρόνεονμέμασανδὲμάχεσθαι
σειόμενbeing brandishedσείω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural neuteradverbial to ἐπτύσσοντοοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of δὲδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἰθὺςstraightἰθύς · adverbadverbial to φρόνεονφρόνεονfixed their mindsφρονέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbμέμασανeagerμέμαα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of μέμασαν - 136
The Trojans struck forward in a mass, and Hector led them,
Metre
Τρῶεςδὲπροὔτυψαν‖ἀολλέεςἦρχεἄρἝκτωρ
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of προὔτυψανδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleπροὔτυψανstruck firstπροτύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀολλέεςin a massἀολλής · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἦρχεledἄρχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρthenἄρα · particleemphasizing particleἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦρχε - 137
rushing straight on, like a ruinous boulder from a rock,
Metre
ἀντικρὺμεμαώς‖ὀλοοίτροχοςὣςἀπὸπέτρης
ἀντικρὺstraight atἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to μεμαώςμεμαώςeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦρχεὀλοοίτροχοςruinous boulderὀλοοίτροχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbialἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionπέτρηςfrom the rockπέτρα · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀπὸ - 138
which a winter torrent from the crest
Metre
ὅντεκατὰστεφάνης‖ποταμὸςχειμάρροοςὤσῃ
ὅνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ὤσῃτεandτε · particlesentence particleκατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionστεφάνηςcrestστεφάνη · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰποταμὸςriverποταμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὤσῃχειμάρροοςwinter torrentχειμάρροος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ποταμὸςὤσῃdrivesὠθέω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ὀλοοίτροχος - 139
has driven, breaking loose the hold of the pitiless rock with immeasurable rain;
Metre
ῥήξαςἀσπέτῳὄμβρῳ‖ἀναιδέοςἔχματαπέτρης
ῥήξαςbreaking looseῥήγνυμι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὤσῃἀσπέτῳunboundedἄσπετος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὄμβρῳὄμβρῳrainὄμβρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ῥήξαςἀναιδέοςof the pitilessἀναιδής · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies πέτρηςἔχματαholdsἔχμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ῥήξαςπέτρηςof the rockπέτρα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἔχματα - 140
springing high, it flies, and the forest crashes beneath it,
Metre
ὕψιἀναθρῴσκων‖πέτεταικτυπέειδέὑπαὐτοῦ
ὕψιon highὕψι · adverbadverbial to ἀναθρῴσκωνδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἀναθρῴσκωνleaps upἀναθρῴσκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to πέτεταιπέτεταιfliesπέτομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δέκτυπέειcrashesκτυπέω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δέδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordθandτε · particlesentence particleὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionαὐτοῦitαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectiveobject of ὑπ̓ - 141
and it runs on unshaken until it reaches the level ground;
Metre
ὕληὃἀσφαλέως‖θέειἔμπεδονεἷοςἵκηται
ὕληforestὕλη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of κτυπέειὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓δbutδέ · particlesentence particleἀσφαλέωςsecurelyἀσφαλής · adverbadverbial to θέειθέειrunsθέω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔμπεδονsteadilyἔμπεδος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to θέειεἷοςwhileεἷος · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἵκηταιreachesἱκνέομαι · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἷος - 142
then it rolls no farther, though rushing still.
Metre
ἰσόπεδοντότεοὔ‖τικυλίνδεταιἐσσύμενόςπερ
ἰσόπεδονlevel groundἰσόπεδον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἵκηταιτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to κυλίνδεταιδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to κυλίνδεταικυλίνδεταιrollsκυλίνδω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐσσύμενόςstill rushingσεύω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κυλίνδεταιπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particle - 143
So Hector for a while threatened
Metre
ὣςἝκτωρεἷος‖μὲνἀπείλειμέχριθαλάσσης
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἀπείλειἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀπείλειεἷοςfor a whileεἷος · adverbadverbial to ἀπείλειμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἀπείλειthreatenedἀπειλέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέχριuntilμέχρι · prepositionprepositionθαλάσσηςseaθάλασσα · genitive singular feminine nounobject of διελεύσεσθαι - 144
easily to run through the huts and ships of the Achaeans
ῥέαeasilyῥέα · adverbadverbial to διελεύσεσθαιδιελεύσεσθαιrun throughδιέρχομαι · future middle infinitiveadverbial to μέχρικλισίαςhutsκλισία · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 145
killing, until he met the dense battalions.
Metre
κτείνωνἀλλὅτεδὴ‖πυκινῇςἐνέκυρσεφάλαγξι
κτείνωνkillingκτείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀπείλειἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδὴnowδή · particlesentence particleπυκινῇςtight-packedπυκινός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies φάλαγξιἐνέκυρσεmetἐγκύρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὅτεφάλαγξιthe battalionsφάλαγξ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνέκυρσε - 146
Then he stood hard pressed; and opposite him the sons of the Achaeans
Metre
στῆῥαμάλἐγχριμφθείς‖οἳἀντίοιυἷεςἈχαιῶν
στῆstoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαthenἄρα · particleemphasizing particleμάλhardμάλα · adverbadverbial to ἐγχριμφθείςἐγχριμφθείςhard pressedἐγχρίμπτω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to στῆοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubjectδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀντίοιface to faceἀντίος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementυἷεςsonsυἱός · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies υἷες - 147
stabbing with swords and double-pointed spears
Metre
νύσσοντεςξίφεσίν‖τεκαὶἔγχεσινἀμφιγύοισιν
νύσσοντεςstabbingνύσσω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ὦσανξίφεσίνswordξίφος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔγχεσινspearἔγχος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶἀμφιγύοισινtwo-edgedἀμφίγυος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχεσιν - 148
drove him back from among themselves; and he gave way, shaken.
Metre
ὦσανἀπὸσφείων‖ὃδὲχασσάμενοςπελεμίχθη
ὦσανdrove backὠθέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionσφείωνthemselvesσφεῖς · genitive plural masculine pronounobject of ἀπὸὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of πελεμίχθηδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordχασσάμενοςdrawing backχάζω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to πελεμίχθηπελεμίχθηwas shakenπελεμίζω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 149
He shouted piercingly, calling to the Trojans:
Metre
ἤϋσενδὲδιαπρύσιον‖Τρώεσσιγεγωνώς
ἤϋσενshoutedαὔω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordδιαπρύσιονpiercinglyδιαπρύσιος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἤϋσενΤρώεσσιTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of γεγωνώςγεγωνώςcried aloudγέγωνα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤϋσεν - 150
"Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians, close fighters,
Metre
ΤρῶεςκαὶΛύκιοι‖καὶΔάρδανοιἀγχιμαχηταὶ
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleΛύκιοιLyciansΛύκιοι · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΔάρδανοιDardansΔάρδανος · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headἀγχιμαχηταὶclose fightersἀγχιμαχητής · vocative plural masculine nounmodifies καὶ - 151
they will not hold me back for long, the Achaeans,
Metre
παρμένετοὔτοιδηρὸν‖ἐμὲσχήσουσινἈχαιοὶ
παρμένετstand fastπαραμένω · present active imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτοιsurelyτοι · particlesentence particleδηρὸνfor longδηρός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to σχήσουσινἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of σχήσουσινσχήσουσινhold backἔχω · future active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of σχήσουσιν - 152
though they have ranged themselves like a tower against me;
Metre
καὶμάλαπυργηδὸν‖σφέαςαὐτοὺςἀρτύναντες
καὶthoughκαί · adverbsentence particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleπυργηδὸνtower-likeπυργηδόν · adverbadverbial to ἀρτύναντεςσφέαςthemselvesσφεῖς · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἀρτύναντεςαὐτοὺςthemαὐτός · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀρτύναντεςarrayedἀρτύνω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to σχήσουσιν - 153
I think they will give way before my spear, if truly it was me
Metre
ἀλλὀΐωχάσσονται‖ὑπἔγχεοςεἰἐτεόνμε
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὀΐωI thinkοἴομαι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbgoverned by an elided headχάσσονταιgive groundχάζω · future middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἔγχεοςspearἔγχος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ὑπ̓εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐτεόνtrulyἐτεός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ὦρσεμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ὦρσε - 154
whom the best of the gods, the loud-thundering husband of Hera, roused."
Metre
ὦρσεθεῶνὤριστος‖ἐρίγδουποςπόσιςἭρης
ὦρσεstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰθεῶνof the godsθεός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ὤριστοςὤριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivesubject of ,ἐρίγδουποςloud-thunderingἐρίγδουπος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόσιςπόσιςhusbandπόσις · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ,ἭρηςHeraἭρα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies πόσις - 155
So he spoke and stirred the strength and spirit of every man.
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνὄτρυνε‖μένοςκαὶθυμὸνἑκάστου
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνsaidεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὄτρυνεὄτρυνεurge onὀτρύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμένοςstrengthμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶἑκάστουevery manἕκαστος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 156
But Deiphobus, son of Priam, moved among them,
ΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δbutδέ · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionτοῖσιto themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐνμέγαproudlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to φρονέωνφρονέωνthinkingφρονέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐβεβήκειἐβεβήκειmoved among themβαίνω · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 157
proud in his great heart, and before him held a shield
ΠριαμίδηςPriam's sonΠριαμίδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Δηΐφοβοςπρόσθενbeforeπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔχενδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔχενheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀσπίδαshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔχενπάντοσall aroundπάντοσε · adverbmodifies ἐΐσηνἐΐσηνwell-balancedἴσος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδα - 158
well-rounded, stepping lightly on his feet and moving under cover of it.
Metre
κοῦφαποσὶπροβιβὰς‖καὶὑπασπίδιαπροποδίζων
κοῦφαlightlyκοῦφος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to προβιβὰςποσὶon his feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to προβιβὰςπροβιβὰςstepping forwardπροβίβημι · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὑπασπίδιαbeneath the shieldὑπασπίδιος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to προποδίζωνπροποδίζωνmoving beneath itπροποδίζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to καὶ - 159
Meriones aimed his bright spear at him
Metre
Μηριόνηςαὐτοῖο‖τιτύσκετοδουρὶφαεινῷ
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δbutδέ · particlesentence particleαὐτοῖοof himαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectiveobject of τιτύσκετοτιτύσκετοaimed atτιτύσκομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounobject of τιτύσκετοφαεινῷshiningφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 160
and struck, nor did he miss, upon the well-rounded shield
Metre
καὶβάλενοὐδἀφάμαρτε‖κατἀσπίδαπάντοσἐΐσην
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordβάλενstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀφάμαρτεdid not missἀφαμαρτάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκατdownκατά · prepositionprepositionἀσπίδαshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατ̓πάντοσall aroundπάντοσε · adverbmodifies ἐΐσηνἐΐσηνequalἴσος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδα - 161
of oxhide; but he did not drive all the way through, rather long before
Metre
ταυρείηντῆςοὔ‖τιδιήλασενἀλλὰπολὺπρὶν
ταυρείηνoxhideταύρειος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδατῆςitὁ · genitive singular feminine pronounobject of διήλασενδbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to διήλασενδιήλασενdrove throughδιελαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordπολὺfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveemphasizing particleπρὶνlong beforeπρίν · adverbadverbial to ἐάγη - 162
the long spear broke in the socket. But Deiphobus
Metre
ἐνκαυλῷἐάγη‖δολιχὸνδόρυΔηΐφοβοςδὲ
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκαυλῷshaftκαυλός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνἐάγηsnappedἄγνυμι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδολιχὸνlongδολιχός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυδόρυspearδόρυ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἀλλὰΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particle - 163
held the oxhide shield away from himself, for in his heart he feared
ἀσπίδαshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of σχέθ̓ταυρείηνoxhideταύρειος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδασχέθheld awayἔχω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionἕοhisἕ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἀπὸδεῖσεfearedδείδω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordθυμῷheartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to δεῖσε - 164
the spear of warlike Meriones. But the hero
Metre
ἔγχοςΜηριόναο‖δαΐφρονοςαὐτὰρὅἥρως
ἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δεῖσεΜηριόναοMerionesΜηριόνης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἔγχοςδαΐφρονοςwarlikeδαίφρων · genitive singular adjectivemodifies Μηριόναοαὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies ἥρωςγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἥρωςheroἥρως · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δ̓ - 165
drew back into the throng of his companions, and he was terribly angered
Metre
ἂψἑτάρωνεἰςἔθνος‖ἐχάζετοχώσατοαἰνῶς
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbadverbial to ἐχάζετοἑτάρωνcompanionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςεἰςdrove throughεἰς · prepositionprepositionἔθνοςcompanyἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἰςἐχάζετοdrew backχάζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχώσατοwas angeredχώομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἰνῶςterriblyαἰνός · adverbadverbial to χώσατο - 166
both at defeat and at the spear which he had shattered.
Metre
ἀμφότεροννίκης‖τεκαὶἔγχεοςὃξυνέαξε
ἀμφότερονbothἀμφότερος · accusative singular neuter adjectivesentence particleνίκηςdefeatνίκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔγχεοςspearἔγχος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of καὶὃwhichὅς · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of ξυνέαξεξυνέαξεsnapped togetherσυνάγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἔγχεος - 167
He went beside the huts and ships of the Achaeans,
Metre
βῆἰέναιπαράτε‖κλισίαςκαὶνῆαςἈχαιῶν
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἰέναιgoingεἶμι · present active infinitiveobject of βῆπαράbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionτεandτε · particlesentence particleκλισίαςhutκλισία · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 168
to fetch the long spear he had left in his hut.
Metre
οἰσόμενοςδόρυμακρόν‖ὅοἱκλισίηφιλέλειπτο
οἰσόμενοςto fetchφέρω · future middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆδόρυspearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οἰσόμενοςμακρόνlongμακρός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυὅwhichὅς · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of λέλειπτοοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies κλισίηφικλισίηφιin his hutκλισία · dative plural feminine nounobject of λέλειπτολέλειπτοhad been leftλείπω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δόρυ - 169
The rest fought on, and an unquenchable cry arose.
Metre
οἳἄλλοιμάρναντο‖βοὴἄσβεστοςὀρώρει
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄλλοιδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἄλλοιthe restἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of μάρναντομάρναντοfought onμάρναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβοὴcryβοή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὀρώρειδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄσβεστοςunquenchableἄσβεστος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies βοὴὀρώρειaroseὄρνυμι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 170
Teucer son of Telamon was the first to kill a man,
Metre
Τεῦκροςδὲπρῶτος‖Τελαμώνιοςἄνδρακατέκτα
ΤεῦκροςTeucerΤεῦκρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κατέκταδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementΤελαμώνιοςTelamonianΤελαμών · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τεῦκροςἄνδραmanἀνήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobjectκατέκταkilledκατακτείνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 171
Imbrius the spearman, son of Mentor rich in horses.
Metre
Ἴμβριοναἰχμητὴν‖πολυΐππουΜέντοροςυἱόν
ἼμβριονImbriusἼμβριος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectαἰχμητὴνa spearmanαἰχμητής · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἴμβριονπολυΐππουhorse-richπολύιππος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜέντοροςΜέντοροςMentorΜέντωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱόνυἱόνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject - 172
He dwelt in Pedaeum before the sons of the Achaeans came,
Metre
ναῖεδὲΠήδαιον‖πρὶνἐλθεῖνυἷαςἈχαιῶν
ναῖεdweltναίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleΠήδαιονPedaeumΠήδαιος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ναῖεπρὶνbeforeπρίν · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐλθεῖνcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to πρὶνυἷαςsonsυἱός · accusative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐλθεῖνἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἐλθεῖν - 173
and had married Priam's bastard daughter, Medesicaste.
Metre
κούρηνδὲΠριάμοιο‖νόθηνἔχεΜηδεσικάστην
κούρηνdaughterκόρη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ,δὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠριάμοιοPriamΠρίαμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κούρηννόθηνbastardνόθος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κούρηνἔχεhadἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜηδεσικάστηνMedesikasteΜηδεσικάστη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of , - 174
But when the Danaans' curved ships came,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐπεὶΔαναῶν‖νέεςἤλυθονἀμφιέλισσαι
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐπεὶwhenἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionΔαναῶνDanaansΔαναοί · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies νέεςνέεςshipsναῦς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἤλυθονἤλυθονcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἐπεὶἀμφιέλισσαιcurvedἀμφιέλισσα · nominative plural feminine nounmodifies νέες - 175
he went back to Ilion, and stood out among the Trojans,
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbadverbial to ἦλθεἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἼλιονIliosἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐςἦλθεwentἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμετέπρεπεstood outμεταπρέπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleΤρώεσσιTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of μετέπρεπε - 176
and dwelt beside Priam, who honored him like his own sons.
Metre
ναῖεδὲπὰρΠριάμῳ‖ὃδέμιντίενἶσατέκεσσι
ναῖεdweltναίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπὰρbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionΠριάμῳPriamΠρίαμος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to πὰρὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τίενδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τίεντίενhonoredτίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἶσαlikeἴσος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to τίεντέκεσσιsonsτέκος · dative plural neuter nounmodifies ἶσα - 177
The son of Telamon struck him beneath the ear with a long spear
τόνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of νύξ̓ῥthenἆρα · particlesentence particleυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ΤελαμῶνοςTelamonΤελαμών · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δ̓ὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionοὔατοςearοὖς · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ὑπ̓ἔγχεϊspearἔγχος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to νύξ̓μακρῷlongμακρός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχεϊ - 178
and drew the spear back out; and he fell like an ash tree
νύξstabbedνύσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐκfromἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔσπασενdrew outσπάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔσπασενὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔπεσενδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτthenαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἔπεσενfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμελίηash treeμελία · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectὣςlikeὡς · adverbadverbial - 179
which on a mountain peak seen from every side
Metre
ἥὄρεοςκορυφῇ‖ἕκαθενπεριφαινομένοιο
ἥwhichὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of πελάσσῃτandτε · particlesentence particleὄρεοςmountainὄρος · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies κορυφῇκορυφῇpeakκορυφή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to πελάσσῃἕκαθενfrom every sideἕκαθεν · adverbadverbial to περιφαινομένοιοπεριφαινομένοιοseen all roundπεριφαίνομαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive singular neutermodifies ὄρεος - 180
when cut with bronze brings its tender leaves down to the ground.
Metre
χαλκῷταμνομένη‖τέρεναχθονὶφύλλαπελάσσῃ
χαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ταμνομένηταμνομένηcut throughτέμνω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to πελάσσῃτέρεναtenderτέρην · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies φύλλαχθονὶto the groundχθών · dative singular feminine nounobject of πελάσσῃφύλλαleavesφύλλον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of πελάσσῃπελάσσῃbrings downπελάζω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing μελίη - 181
So he fell, and around him his armor clanged in bronze.
Metre
ὣςπέσενἀμφὶδέοἱ‖βράχετεύχεαποικίλαχαλκῷ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to πέσενπέσενfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφὶβράχεclangedβραχεῖν · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of βράχεποικίλαvariedποικίλος · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεαχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ποικίλα - 182
Teucer rushed forth eager to strip the armor from him;
ΤεῦκροςTeucerΤεῦκρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὁρμήθηδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὁρμήθηrushedὁρμάω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμεμαὼςeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὁρμήθηἀπὸfrom himἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleτεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of δῦσαιδῦσαιstripδύω · aorist active infinitiveobject of μεμαὼς - 183
and Hector, as he rushed, cast with his bright spear.
Metre
Ἕκτωρὁρμηθέντος‖ἀκόντισεδουρὶφαεινῷ
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀκόντισεδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὁρμηθέντοςas he rushedὁρμάω · aorist passive participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἀκόντισεcastἀκοντίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀκόντισεφαεινῷshiningφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 184
But he, seeing it before him, avoided the bronze spear
Metre
ἀλλὃμὲνἄνταἰδὼν‖ἠλεύατοχάλκεονἔγχος
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἠλεύατομὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἄνταbefore himἄντα · adverbadverbial to ἰδὼνἰδὼνsawεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἠλεύατοἠλεύατοavoidedἀλέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἠλεύατο - 185
for a little; but it hit Amphimachus, son of Cteatus son of Actor,
Metre
τυτθόνὃἈμφίμαχον‖ΚτεάτουυἷἈκτορίωνος
τυτθόνa littleτυτθός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἠλεύατοὃitὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of βάλεδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈμφίμαχονAmphimachus̓ἀμφίμαχος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectΚτεάτουCteatusΚτέατος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷ̓υἷsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobjectἈκτορίωνοςActor's sonἈκτορίων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Κτεάτου - 186
in the chest as he went into battle, and struck him with the spear.
Metre
νισόμενονπόλεμον‖δὲκατὰστῆθοςβάλεδουρί
νισόμενονgoing intoνίσσομαι · aorist middle participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementπόλεμονbattleπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of νισόμενονδὲlike a poplarδέ · particleemphasizing particleκατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionστῆθοςbreastστῆθος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κατὰβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρίspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to βάλε - 187
he fell with a thud, and his armor clattered upon him.
Metre
δούπησενδὲπεσών‖ἀράβησεδὲτεύχεἐπαὐτῷ
δούπησενthuddedδουπέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleπεσώνfellπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δούπησενἀράβησεclatteredἀραβέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεύχεarmorτεῦχος · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἀράβησεἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷhimαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓ - 188
Hector rushed to seize the helmet fitted to the temples
Metre
Ἕκτωρὁρμήθη‖κόρυθακροτάφοιςἀραρυῖαν
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὁρμήθηδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὁρμήθηrushedὁρμέω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκόρυθαhelmetκόρυς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀφαρπάξαικροτάφοιςtempleκρόταφος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἀραρυῖανἀραρυῖανfittedἀραρίσκω · perfect active participle, accusative singular femininemodifies κόρυθα - 189
from the head of great-hearted Amphimachus.
Metre
κρατὸςἀφαρπάξαι‖μεγαλήτοροςἈμφιμάχοιο
κρατὸςheadκράς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀφαρπάξαιἀφαρπάξαιto snatch awayἀφαρπάζω · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to ὁρμήθημεγαλήτοροςgreat-heartedμεγαλήτωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἈμφιμάχοιοἈμφιμάχοιοAmphimachusἈμφίμαχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κρατὸς - 190
But Ajax, at his rush, reached at him with his bright spear,
Metre
Αἴαςὁρμηθέντος‖ὀρέξατοδουρὶφαεινῷ
ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀρέξατοδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὁρμηθέντοςat his rushὁρμάω · aorist passive participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementὀρέξατοreached at himὀρέγω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ὀρέξατοφαεινῷshiningφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 191
at Hector; but it touched nowhere on his flesh, for all of him was covered
Metre
Ἕκτοροςἀλλοὔπῃ‖χροὸςεἴσατοπᾶςἄραχαλκῷ
ἝκτοροςHectorἝκτωρ · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ὀρέξατοἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleοὔnowhereοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπῃsomewhereπη · particleadverbial to εἴσατοχροὸςbodyχρώς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of εἴσατοεἴσατοtouchedεἶμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπᾶςallπᾶς · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounobject of κεκάλυφθ̓ - 192
in dreadful bronze; but striking the boss of his shield,
Metre
σμερδαλέῳκεκάλυφθ‖ὃἄρἀσπίδοςὀμφαλὸνοὖτα
σμερδαλέῳdreadfulσμερδαλέος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷκεκάλυφθcoveredκαλύπτω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δέδAmphimachusδέ · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἀσπίδοςshieldἀσπίς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ὀμφαλὸνὀμφαλὸνbossὀμφαλός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of οὖταοὖταstabbedοὐτάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 193
he drove him back with great force; and he gave way backward
Metre
ὦσεδέμινσθένεϊ‖μεγάλῳὃδὲχάσσατὀπίσσω
ὦσεdrove backὠθέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ὦσεσθένεϊwith forceσθένος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ὦσεμεγάλῳgreatμέγας · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σθένεϊὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of χάσσατ̓δὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleχάσσατgave wayχάζω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὀπίσσωbehindὀπίσσω · prepositionpreposition - 194
from the two corpses, and the Achaeans dragged them away.
Metre
νεκρῶνἀμφοτέρων‖τοὺςἐξείρυσσανἈχαιοί
νεκρῶνcorpsesνεκρός · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of ὀπίσσωἀμφοτέρωνbothἀμφότερος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νεκρῶντοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐξείρυσσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐξείρυσσανdragged outἐξερύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἈχαιοίAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἐξείρυσσαν - 195
Amphimachus then Stichius and noble Menestheus,
Metre
Ἀμφίμαχονμὲνἄρα‖ΣτιχίοςδῖόςτεΜενεσθεὺς
ἈμφίμαχονAmphimachusἈμφίμαχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κόμισανμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΣτιχίοςStichiusΣτιχίος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τεδῖόςbrilliantδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενεσθεὺςτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordΜενεσθεὺςMenestheusΜενεσθεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τε - 196
leaders of the Athenians, bore back among the host of the Achaeans.
Metre
ἀρχοὶἈθηναίων‖κόμισανμετὰλαὸνἈχαιῶν
ἀρχοὶleadersἀρχός · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectἈθηναίωνAtheniansἈθηναῖος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρχοὶκόμισανbore backκομίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionλαὸνthe hostλαός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μετὰἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies λαὸν - 197
Imbrius, in turn, the two Ajaxes eager for furious battle
Metre
ἼμβριοναὖτΑἴαντε‖μεμαότεθούριδοςἀλκῆς
ἼμβριονImbriusἼμβριος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of συλήτηναὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleΑἴαντεthe two AjaxesΑἴας · nominative dual masculine nounsubjectμεμαότεeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbialθούριδοςfuriousθοῦρος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀλκῆςἀλκῆςbattle-mightἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of μεμαότε - 198
as two lions from beneath sharp-toothed dogs
Metre
ὥςτεδύαἶγαλέοντε‖κυνῶνὕποκαρχαροδόντων
ὥςasὡς · adverbadverbial to φέρητοντεtwo lionsτε · particlesentence particleδύtwoδύο · numeralmodifies λέοντεαἶγαa goatαἴξ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of φέρητονλέοντεlionsλέων · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of φέρητονκυνῶνdogsκύων · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ὕποὕποfrom beneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionκαρχαροδόντωνsharp-toothedκαρχαρόδων · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies κυνῶν - 199
snatch a goat and carry it through the thick brush
Metre
ἁρπάξαντεφέρητον‖ἀνὰῥωπήϊαπυκνὰ
ἁρπάξαντεseizeἁρπάζω · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to φέρητονφέρητονcarry itφέρω · present active subjunctive, 3rd dual verbadverbial to συλήτηνἀνὰthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionῥωπήϊαbrushwoodῥωπήιον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀνὰπυκνὰthick brushπυκνός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ῥωπήϊα - 200
high above the ground, holding it in their jaws,
Metre
ὑψοῦὑπὲργαίης‖μετὰγαμφηλῇσινἔχοντε
ὑψοῦhigh aboveὑψοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἔχοντεὑπὲρaboveὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionγαίηςgroundγαῖα · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ὑπὲρμετὰinμετά · prepositionprepositionγαμφηλῇσινjawsγαμφηλαί · dative plural feminine nounobject of μετὰἔχοντεholding itἔχω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to φέρητον - 201
so the two warrior Ajaxes held him aloft
Metre
ὥςῥατὸνὑψοῦἔχοντε‖δύωΑἴαντεκορυστὰ
ὥςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to συλήτηνῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔχοντεὑψοῦhigh aboveὑψοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἔχοντεἔχοντεholding himἔχω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to συλήτηνδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ΑἴαντεΑἴαντεAjaxΑἴας · nominative dual masculine nounsubjectκορυστὰwarriorsκορυστός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεα - 202
and stripped the armor from him; and the son of Oileus
Metre
τεύχεασυλήτην‖κεφαλὴνἁπαλῆςἀπὸδειρῆς
τεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of συλήτηνσυλήτηνstrippedσυλάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbκεφαλὴνheadκεφαλή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κόψενδandδέ · particlesentence particleἁπαλῆςdelicateἁπαλός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies δειρῆςἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionδειρῆςneckδειρή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸ - 203
cut the head from the tender neck, enraged for Amphimachus,
Metre
κόψενὈϊλιάδης‖κεχολωμένοςἈμφιμάχοιο
κόψενcutκόπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὈϊλιάδηςson of OileusὈϊλιάδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάβενκεχολωμένοςenragedχολόω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κόψενἈμφιμάχοιοfor AmphimachusἈμφίμαχος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of κεχολωμένος - 204
and whirling it like a ball he sent it through the throng;
Metre
ἧκεδέμινσφαιρηδὸν‖ἑλιξάμενοςδιὁμίλου
ἧκεflungἵημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμινitμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἧκεσφαιρηδὸνlike a ballσφαιρηδόν · adverbadverbial to ἧκεἑλιξάμενοςwhirling itἑλίσσω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἧκεδιthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionὁμίλουthrough the throngὅμιλος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of δἰ - 205
and it fell in the dust before Hector's feet.
Metre
Ἕκτοριδὲπροπάροιθε‖ποδῶνπέσενἐνκονίῃσι
ἝκτοριHectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ποδῶνδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροπάροιθεbeforeπροπάροιθε · prepositionprepositionποδῶνfeetπούς · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to προπάροιθεπέσενfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσιdustκονία · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐν - 206
And then indeed Poseidon was angered at heart
Metre
καὶτότεδὴπερὶκῆρι‖Ποσειδάωνἐχολώθη
καὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to δὲδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionκῆριheartκῆρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲἐχολώθηwas angeredχολόω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 207
for his grandson fallen in dreadful battle,
Metre
υἱωνοῖοπεσόντος‖ἐναἰνῇδηϊοτῆτι
υἱωνοῖοgrandsonυἱωνός · genitive singular masculine nounsubject of πεσόντοςπεσόντοςfallenπίπτω · aorist active participle, genitive singular masculineadverbial to ἐχολώθηἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionαἰνῇdreadfulαἰνός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δηϊοτῆτιδηϊοτῆτιslaughterδηιοτής · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 208
He went beside the huts and ships of the Achaeans,
Metre
βῆἰέναιπαράτε‖κλισίαςκαὶνῆαςἈχαιῶν
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδbutδέ · particlesentence particleἰέναιgoingεἶμι · present active infinitiveobject of βῆπαράbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionτεandτε · particlesentence particleκλισίαςhutκλισία · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 209
urging on the Danaans, and devising woes for the Trojans.
Metre
ὀτρυνέωνΔαναούς‖Τρώεσσιδὲκήδεατεῦχεν
ὀτρυνέωνurging onὀτρύνω · future active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆΔαναούςDanaansΔαναοί · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὀτρυνέωνΤρώεσσιTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of τεῦχενδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκήδεαwoesκῆδος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of τεῦχεντεῦχενdevisedτεύχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 210
Then Idomeneus famed with the spear met him
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςἄραοἱ‖δουρικλυτὸςἀντεβόλησεν
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀντεβόλησενδthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀντεβόλησενδουρικλυτὸςfamed with spearδουρικλειτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰδομενεὺςἀντεβόλησενmetἀντιβολέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 211
as he came from beside a companion, who newly from battle
Metre
ἐρχόμενοςπαρἑταίρου‖ὅοἱνέονἐκπολέμοιο
ἐρχόμενοςcomingἔρχομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀντεβόλησενπαρfrom besideπαρά · prepositionprepositionἑταίρουcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of παῤὅwhoὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἦλθεοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἦλθενέονnewlyνέος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἦλθεἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκ - 212
had come to him wounded in the knee with sharp bronze.
Metre
ἦλθεκατἰγνύην‖βεβλημένοςὀξέϊχαλκῷ
ἦλθεcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἑταίρουκατflung itκατά · prepositionprepositionἰγνύηνkneesἰγνύα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατ̓βεβλημένοςstruckβάλλω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθεὀξέϊsharpὀξύς · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounobject of βεβλημένος - 213
His companions carried him in, and he, giving orders to the healers,
Metre
τὸνμὲνἑταῖροιἔνεικαν‖ὃἰητροῖςἐπιτείλας
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔνεικανμὲνon the one handμέν · particlesentence particleἑταῖροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔνεικανἔνεικανcarriedφέρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἤϊενδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἰητροῖςhealersἰατρός · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐπιτείλαςἐπιτείλαςgiving ordersἐπιτέλλω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤϊεν - 214
went to his hut; for he still longed to face battle.
Metre
ἤϊενἐςκλισίην‖ἔτιγὰρπολέμοιομενοίνα
ἤϊενwentεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionκλισίηνhutκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐςἔτιstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to μενοίναγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀντιάανμενοίναlongedμενοινάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 215
And the lord Earth-shaker spoke to him,
Metre
ἀντιάαντὸνδὲ‖προσέφηκρείωνἐνοσίχθων
ἀντιάανmeetἀντιάω · present active infinitiveobject of μενοίνατὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέφηδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροσέφηaddressedπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκρείωνlordκρείων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἐνοσίχθωνἐνοσίχθωνEarth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέφη - 216
taking on the voice of Thoas, son of Andraemon,
Metre
εἰσάμενοςφθογγὴν‖ἈνδραίμονοςυἷϊΘόαντι
εἰσάμενοςtaking onεἴδομαι · aorist participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέφηφθογγὴνvoiceφθογγή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to εἰσάμενοςἈνδραίμονοςAndraemonἈνδραίμων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷϊυἷϊsonυἱός · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ΘόαντιΘόαντιThoasΘόας · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἰσάμενος - 217
who ruled over all Pleuron and steep Calydon
Metre
ὃςπάσῃΠλευρῶνι‖καὶαἰπεινῇΚαλυδῶνι
ὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓πάσῃallπᾶς · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ΠλευρῶνιΠλευρῶνιPleuronΠλευρών · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordαἰπεινῇsteepαἰπεινός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ΚαλυδῶνιΚαλυδῶνιCalydonΚαλυδών · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶ - 218
among the Aetolians, and was honored in the people like a god:
ΑἰτωλοῖσινAetoliansΑἰτωλός · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἄνασσεἄνασσεruledἀνάσσω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓θεὸςgodθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordὣςlikeὡς · adverbadverbialτίετοwas honoredτίω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓δήμῳpeopleδῆμος · dative singular masculine nounobject of τίετο - 219
"Idomeneus, counselor of the Cretans, where are your threats
Metre
ἸδομενεῦΚρητῶν‖βουληφόρεποῦτοιἀπειλαὶ
ἸδομενεῦIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headΚρητῶνof the CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies βουληφόρεβουληφόρεcounselorβουληφόρος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰδομενεῦποῦwhereποῦ · adverbobject of οἴχονταιτοιthenτοι · particlesentence particleἀπειλαὶthreatsἀπειλή · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of οἴχονται - 220
gone, those threats the sons of the Achaeans uttered against the Trojans?"
Metre
οἴχονταιτὰςΤρωσὶν‖ἀπείλεονυἷεςἈχαιῶν
οἴχονταιare goneοἴχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτὰςtheὁ · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of ἀπείλεονΤρωσὶνTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἀπείλεονἀπείλεονutteredἀπειλέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἀπειλαὶυἷεςsonsυἱός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀπείλεονἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies υἷες - 221
Then Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, answered him in turn:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectΚρητῶνof the CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἀντίονin answerἀντίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαspokeαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 222
"Thoas, no man now is to blame, so far as I know;
Metre
ὦΘόανοὔτιςἀνὴρ‖νῦναἴτιοςὅσσονἔγωγε
ὦOὦ · interjectionsentence particleΘόανThoasΘόας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headοὔnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἀνὴρἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbialγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleαἴτιοςresponsibleαἴτιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounὅσσονas much asὅσος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to γιγνώσκωἔγωγεI myselfἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of γιγνώσκω - 223
for all of us know how to fight.
Metre
γιγνώσκωπάντες‖γὰρἐπιστάμεθαπτολεμίζειν
γιγνώσκωI knowγιγνώσκω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbadverbialπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐπιστάμεθαknow howἐπίσταμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbπτολεμίζεινto fightπολεμίζω · present active infinitiveobject of ἐπιστάμεθα - 224
Neither is any man held back by fear, nor does any man,
Metre
οὔτέτιναδέοςἴσχει‖ἀκήριονοὔτέτιςὄκνῳ
οὔτέneitherοὔτε · adverbsentence particleτιναsomeoneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἴσχειδέοςfearδέος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἴσχειἴσχειholds backἴσχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀκήριονagainst his willἀκήριος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementοὔτέnorοὔτε · adverbcoordinating wordτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀνδύεταιὄκνῳshrinkingὄκνος · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἴκων - 225
yielding to slackness, shrink from grim battle; but somehow it must be so,
Metre
εἴκωνἀνδύεται‖πόλεμονκακόνἀλλάπουοὕτω
εἴκωνyieldingεἴκω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνδύεταιἀνδύεταιshrinks fromἀναδύνω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπόλεμονbattleπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀνδύεταικακόνgrimκακός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πόλεμονἀλλάbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleπουsomehowπού · adverbsentence particleοὕτωsoοὕτως · adverbadverbial to μέλλει - 226
it must indeed be dear to mighty Cronion
Metre
μέλλειδὴφίλονεἶναι‖ὑπερμενέϊΚρονίωνι
μέλλειmust beμέλλω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleφίλονdearφίλος · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitivesubject of μέλλειὑπερμενέϊmightyὑπερμενής · dative singular adjectivemodifies ΚρονίωνιΚρονίωνιCronionΚρονίων · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἶναι - 227
for the Achaeans to perish nameless here, far from Argos.
Metre
νωνύμνουςἀπολέσθαι‖ἀπἌργεοςἐνθάδἈχαιούς
νωνύμνουςnamelessνώνυμνος · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀπολέσθαιto perishἀπόλλυμι · aorist infinitivesubject of εἶναιἀπfar fromἀπό · prepositionprepositionἌργεοςArgosἌργος · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀπ̓ἐνθάδhereἐνθάδε · adverbadverbial to ἀπολέσθαιἈχαιούςthe AchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἀπολέσθαι - 228
But you, Thoas, have always been steadfast,
Metre
ἀλλὰΘόανκαὶγὰρ‖τὸπάροςμενεδήϊοςἦσθα
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleΘόανThoasΘόας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headκαὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleτὸformerlyὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies πάροςπάροςalwaysπάρος · adverbadverbial to ἦσθαμενεδήϊοςsteadfastμενεδήιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἦσθαyou wereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to δὲ - 229
and you urge on another man whenever you see him drawing back;
Metre
ὀτρύνειςδὲκαὶἄλλον‖ὅθιμεθιένταἴδηαι
ὀτρύνειςyou urge onὀτρύνω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to δὲδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἄλλονanother manἄλλος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ὀτρύνειςὅθιwheneverὅθι · adverbadverbial to ἴδηαιμεθιένταhanging backμεθίημι · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἴδηαιyou seeεἶδον · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ὀτρύνεις - 230
therefore do not slacken yourself, but urge every man on."
Metre
τὼνῦνμήτἀπόληγε‖κέλευέτεφωτὶἑκάστῳ
τὼthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to τεμήτdo notμήτε · particleemphasizing particleἀπόληγεhold backἀπολήγω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκέλευέurge onκελεύω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordφωτὶa manφώς · dative singular masculine nounobject of κέλευέἑκάστῳeachἕκαστος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies φωτὶ - 231
Then Poseidon the earth-shaker answered him:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἠμείβετ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἠμείβετansweredἀμείβω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἠμείβετ̓ΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠμείβετ̓ἐνοσίχθωνearth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ποσειδάων - 232
"Idomeneus, may that man never return back from Troy,
Metre
Ἰδομενεῦμὴκεῖνος‖ἀνὴρἔτινοστήσειεν
ἸδομενεῦIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleκεῖνοςthatκεῖνος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀλλ̓ἔτιstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to νοστήσειεννοστήσειενreturnνοστέω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 233
but here become a delight for dogs,
Metre
ἐκΤροίηςἀλλαὖθι‖κυνῶνμέλπηθραγένοιτο
ἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionΤροίηςTroyΤροία · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὖθιhereαὖθι · adverbadverbial to γένοιτοκυνῶνfor dogsκύων · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies μέλπηθραμέλπηθραa delightμέλπηθρα · nominative plural neuter nounpredicate nounγένοιτοbecomeγίγνομαι · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 234
whoever on this day willingly holds back from battle.
Metre
ὅςτιςἐπἤματιτῷδε‖ἑκὼνμεθίῃσιμάχεσθαι
ὅςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μεθίῃσιτιςheτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὅςἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἤματιdayἦμαρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐπ̓τῷδεthisὅδε · dative singular neuter pronounmodifies ἤματιἑκὼνwillinglyἑκών · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμεθίῃσιhangs backμεθίημι · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀνὴρμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of μεθίῃσι - 235
But come, take up your arms and come here; these things we must
Metre
ἀλλἄγετεύχεαδεῦρο‖λαβὼνἴθιταῦταἅμαχρὴ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἄγεcomeἄγε · adverbsentence particleτεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of λαβὼνδεῦροhereδεῦρο · adverbobject of ἴθιλαβὼνtakingλαμβάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἴθιἴθιcomeεἶμι · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbταῦταthese thingsοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of σπεύδεινδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἅμαtogetherἅμα · adverbadverbial to χρὴχρὴwe mustχρή · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 236
hasten together, if we may be of some use, even two alone.
Metre
σπεύδειναἴὄφελός‖τιγενώμεθακαὶδύἐόντε
σπεύδεινto hurryσπεύδω · present active infinitiveobject of χρὴαἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleὄφελόςhelpὄφελος · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounτιitτις · nominative singular neuter pronounmodifies ὄφελόςγενώμεθαwe may beγίγνομαι · aorist middle subjunctive, 1st plural verbadverbial to αἴκαὶandκαί · adverbsentence particleδύtwoδύο · numeralpredicate nounἐόντεbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to γενώμεθα - 237
United valor comes even to men who are poor fighters,
Metre
συμφερτὴἀρετὴ‖πέλειἀνδρῶνκαὶμάλαλυγρῶν
συμφερτὴunitedσυμφερτός · nominative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀρετὴvalorἀρετή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of πέλειπέλειcomesπέλω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀνδρῶνto menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀρετὴκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleλυγρῶνpoorλυγρός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνδρῶν - 238
and we two would know how to fight even against the brave."
Metre
νῶϊδὲκαίἀγαθοῖσιν‖ἐπισταίμεσθαμάχεσθαι
νῶϊwe twoἐγώ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of ἐπισταίμεσθαδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαίandκαί · adverbsentence particleκwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleἀγαθοῖσινagainst the braveἀγαθός · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of μάχεσθαιἐπισταίμεσθαwould knowἐπίσταμαι · present medio-passive optative, 1st plural verbmain verbμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἐπισταίμεσθα - 239
So he spoke, and the god went back again amid the toil of men.
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνὃμὲναὖτις‖ἔβηθεὸςἂμπόνονἀνδρῶν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνhaving spokenεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔβηὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleαὖτιςback againαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἔβηἔβηwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεὸςthe godθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἂμthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionπόνονtoilπόνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἂμἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies πόνον - 240
And when Idomeneus came to his well-built hut,
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςὅτεδὴ‖κλισίηνεὔτυκτονἵκανε
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleκλισίηνhutκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἵκανεεὔτυκτονwell-builtεὔτυκτος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κλισίηνἵκανεreachedἱκάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὅτε - 241
he put fair armor about his body and took two spears,
Metre
δύσετοτεύχεακαλὰ‖περὶχροΐγέντοδὲδοῦρε
δύσετοput onδύω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of δύσετοκαλὰfineκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεαπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionχροΐhis bodyχρώς · dative singular masculine nounobject of περὶγέντοtookγέντο · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleδοῦρεtwo spearsδόρυ · accusative dual neuter nounobject of γέντο - 242
and set out like lightning, which the son of Cronos
Metre
βῆἴμενἀστεροπῇ‖ἐναλίγκιοςἥντεΚρονίων
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴμενto goεἶμι · present active infinitiveobject of βῆἀστεροπῇlightningἀστεροπή · dative singular feminine nounmodifies ἐναλίγκιοςἐναλίγκιοςlikeἐναλίγκιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἥνwhichὅς · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἐτίναξεντεandτε · particlesentence particleΚρονίωνCronionΚρονίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐτίναξεν - 243
seizes in his hand and shakes from radiant Olympus,
Metre
χειρὶλαβὼνἐτίναξεν‖ἀπαἰγλήεντοςὈλύμπου
χειρὶin handχείρ · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to λαβὼνλαβὼνtakingλαμβάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐτίναξενἐτίναξενbrandishedτινάσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀστεροπῇἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionαἰγλήεντοςradiantαἰγλήεις · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈλύμπουὈλύμπουOlympusὌλυμπος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀπ̓ - 244
showing a sign to mortals; far-seen are its flares.
Metre
δεικνὺςσῆμαβροτοῖσιν‖ἀρίζηλοιδέοἱαὐγαί
δεικνὺςshowingδείκνυμι · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐτίναξενσῆμαa signσῆμα · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δεικνὺςβροτοῖσινto mortalsβροτός · dative plural masculine nounobject of δεικνὺςἀρίζηλοιfar-seenἀρίζηλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱitsἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies αὐγαίαὐγαίflashesαὐγή · nominative plural feminine nounsubject - 245
So the bronze flashed about his chest as he ran.
Metre
ὣςτοῦχαλκὸςἔλαμπε‖περὶστήθεσσιθέοντος
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔλαμπετοῦhisὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies στήθεσσιχαλκὸςbronzeχαλκός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔλαμπεἔλαμπεflashedλάμπω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσιhis chestστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to περὶθέοντοςas he ranθέω · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 246
Then Meriones, his good attendant, met him
Metre
Μηριόνηςἄραοἱ‖θεράπωνἐῢςἀντεβόλησεν
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θεράπωνθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἐῢςgoodἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θεράπωνἀντεβόλησενmet himἀντιβολέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 247
still near the hut, for he was going to fetch
Metre
ἐγγὺςἔτικλισίης‖μετὰγὰρδόρυχάλκεονᾔει
ἐγγὺςnearἐγγύς · prepositionprepositionἔτιstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to ἀντεβόλησενκλισίηςthe hutκλισία · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐγγὺςμετὰforμετά · prepositionemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleδόρυspearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ᾔειχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυᾔειwas goingεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 248
a bronze spear; and the strength of Idomeneus addressed him:
Metre
οἰσόμενοςτὸνδὲ‖προσέφησθένοςἸδομενῆος
οἰσόμενοςto fetchφέρω · future middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ᾔειτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέφηδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροσέφηaddressedπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbσθένοςthe strengthσθένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of προσέφηἸδομενῆοςof IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σθένος - 249
"Meriones, son of Molus, swift of foot, dearest of companions,
Metre
ΜηριόνηΜόλουυἱὲ‖πόδαςταχὺφίλταθἑταίρων
ΜηριόνηMerionesΜηριόνης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headΜόλουof MolusΜόλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὲυἱὲsonυἱός · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounmodifies ταχὺταχὺswiftταχύς · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifiesφίλταθdearestφίλτατος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifiesἑταίρωνof companionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies φίλταθ̓ - 250
why have you come here, leaving battle and the fighting?
Metre
τίπτἦλθεςπόλεμόν‖τελιπὼνκαὶδηϊοτῆτα
τίπτwhyτίπτε · pronounadverbial to ἦλθεςἦλθεςcame youἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπόλεμόνbattleπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleλιπὼνleavingλείπω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦλθεςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδηϊοτῆταfightingδηιοτής · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶ - 251
Are you wounded, and does the point of a missile trouble you,
Metre
ἠέτιβέβληαι‖βέλεοςδέσετείρειἀκωκή
ἠέorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to βέβληαιβέβληαιare hitβάλλω · perfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbβέλεοςof a missileβέλος · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies ἀκωκήδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσεyouσύ · accusative singular pronounobject of τείρειτείρειpainsτείρω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀκωκήthe pointἀκωκή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of τείρει - 252
or have you come after me with some message? For I myself
Metre
ἦέτευἀγγελίης‖μετἔμἤλυθεςοὐδέτοιαὐτὸς
ἦέorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordτευsomeτις · genitive singular pronounmodifies ἀγγελίηςἀγγελίηςmessageἀγγελία · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἤλυθεςμετafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἔμmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of μετ̓ἤλυθεςcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbτοιforτοι · particlesentence particleαὐτὸςI myselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 253
do not desire to sit in the huts, but to fight."
Metre
ἧσθαιἐνὶκλισίῃσι‖λιλαίομαιἀλλὰμάχεσθαι
ἧσθαιto sitἧμαι · perfect infinitiveobject of ἀλλὰἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃσιin hutsκλισία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὶλιλαίομαιI desireλιλαίομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἀλλὰ - 254
Then wise Meriones answered him:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ηὔδαπεπνυμένοςwiseπέπνυμαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies Μηριόνηςἀντίονin replyἀντίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαsaidαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 255
"Idomeneus, counselor of the bronze-clad Cretans,
Metre
ἸδομενεῦΚρητῶν‖βουληφόρεχαλκοχιτώνων
ἸδομενεῦIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headΚρητῶνof CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies βουληφόρεβουληφόρεcounselorβουληφόρος · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headχαλκοχιτώνωνbronze-cladχαλκοχίτων · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Κρητῶν - 256
I come, if some spear has been left for you in the hut,
Metre
ἔρχομαιεἴτίτοιἔγχος‖ἐνὶκλισίῃσιλέλειπται
ἔρχομαιI comeἔρχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbεἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτίsomeτις · nominative singular neuter pronounmodifies ἔγχοςτοιfor youσύ · dative singular pronounmodifies κλισίῃσιἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of λέλειπταιἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃσιin the hutκλισία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὶλέλειπταιwas leftλείπω · perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἴ - 257
to take it; for I shattered the one I held before
Metre
οἰσόμενοςτόνυγὰρ‖κατεάξαμενὃπρὶνἔχεσκον
οἰσόμενοςto fetch itφέρω · future middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔρχομαιτόitὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of κατεάξαμεννυnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to κατεάξαμενγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκατεάξαμενI shatteredκατάγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbὃwhichὅς · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of ἔχεσκονπρὶνbeforeπρίν · adverbadverbial to ἔχεσκονἔχεσκονI heldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing τό - 258
striking the shield of overbearing Deiphobus."
Metre
ἀσπίδαΔηϊφόβοιο‖βαλὼνὑπερηνορέοντος
ἀσπίδαthe shieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βαλὼνΔηϊφόβοιοof DeiphobusΔηίφοβος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἀσπίδαβαλὼνstrikingβάλλω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔχεσκονὑπερηνορέοντοςoverbearingὑπερηνορέων · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Δηϊφόβοιο - 259
Then Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, answered him in turn:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectΚρητῶνof CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἀντίονin replyἀντίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαsaidαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 260
"If you wish, not one but twenty spears you may see
Metre
δούρατααἴἐθέλῃσθα‖καὶἓνκαὶεἴκοσιδήεις
δούραταspearsδόρυ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of δήειςδandδέ · particlesentence particleαἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐθέλῃσθαyou wishἐθέλω · present active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to αἴκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἓνoneεἷς · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordεἴκοσιtwentyεἴκοσι · numeralmodifies καὶδήειςyou may findδήω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 261
standing in the hut beside the gleaming wall,
Metre
ἑσταότἐνκλισίῃ‖πρὸςἐνώπιαπαμφανόωντα
ἑσταότstandingἵστημι · perfect active participle, accusative plural neutercircumstantial complementἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκλισίῃin the hutκλισία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπρὸςbyπρός · prepositionprepositionἐνώπιαthe wallsἐνώπια · accusative plural neuter nounobject of πρὸςπαμφανόωνταall-shiningπαμφανόων · present active participle, accusative plural neutermodifies δούρατα - 262
Trojan spears, which I strip from the men I kill;
Metre
Τρώϊατὰκταμένων‖ἀποαίνυμαιοὐγὰρὀΐω
ΤρώϊαTrojanΤρώιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ,τὰwhichὁ · accusative plural neuter pronounobject of κταμένωνκταμένωνI killκτείνω · aorist middle participle, genitive plural masculineadverbial to ἀποαίνυμαιἀποαίνυμαιstrip awayἀπαίνυμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing ,οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὀΐωI thinkοἴομαι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 263
for I do not think one fights hostile men standing far away.
Metre
ἀνδρῶνδυσμενέων‖ἑκὰςἱστάμενοςπολεμίζειν
ἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ἑκὰςδυσμενέωνhostileδυσμενής · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνδρῶνἑκὰςfrom afarἑκάς · prepositionprepositionἱστάμενοςstandingἵστημι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to πολεμίζεινπολεμίζεινto fightπολεμίζω · present active infinitiveobject of ὀΐω - 264
Therefore with me there are spears and bossed shields
Metre
τώμοιδούρατάἔστι‖καὶἀσπίδεςὀμφαλόεσσαι
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleμοιfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounpredicate nounδούρατάspearsδόρυ · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of καὶτandτε · particlesentence particleἔστιthere areεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἀσπίδεςshieldsἀσπίς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶὀμφαλόεσσαιbossedὀμφαλόεις · nominative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδες - 265
and helmets and corslets shining brightly."
Metre
καὶκόρυθεςκαὶθώρηκες‖λαμπρὸνγανόωντες
καὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleκόρυθεςhelmetsκόρυς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordθώρηκεςcorsletsθώραξ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶλαμπρὸνbrightlyλαμπρός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to γανόωντεςγανόωντεςgleamingγανόω · present active participle, nominative plural masculinemodifies θώρηκες - 266
Then wise Meriones answered him:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖin turnαὖ · adverbsentence particleΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ηὔδαπεπνυμένοςwiseπέπνυμαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculinemodifies Μηριόνηςἀντίονin replyἀντίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαsaidαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 267
"I too, by my hut and black ship,
Metre
καίτοιἐμοὶπαράτε‖κλισίῃκαὶνηῒμελαίνῃ
καίI tooκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτοιsurelyτοι · particlesentence particleἐμοὶfor meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies καὶπαράbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionτεandτε · particlesentence particleκλισίῃthe hutκλισία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνηῒshipναῦς · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶμελαίνῃblackμέλας · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νηῒ - 268
have many spoils of Trojans; but they are not near at hand to take.
Metre
πόλλἔναραΤρώων‖ἀλλοὐσχεδόνἐστινἑλέσθαι
πόλλmanyπολύς · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔναραἔναραspoilsἔναρα · nominative plural neuter nounsubjectΤρώωνof TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural nounmodifies ἔναραἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleσχεδόνnear at handσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ἐστινἐστινisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑλέσθαιto takeαἱρέω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to ἐστιν - 269
For I do not say that I have forgotten valor,
Metre
οὐδὲγὰροὐδἐμέφημι‖λελασμένονἔμμεναιἀλκῆς
γὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἐμέmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔμμεναιφημιI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbλελασμένονforgetfulλάζομαι · perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinepredicate nounἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of φημιἀλκῆςof valorἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of λελασμένον - 270
but among the foremost in man-glorifying battle
Metre
ἀλλὰμετὰπρώτοισι‖μάχηνἀνὰκυδιάνειραν
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionπρώτοισιthe foremostπρότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to μετὰμάχηνbattleμάχη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀνὰἀνὰthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionκυδιάνειρανman-glorifyingκυδιάνειρα · accusative singular feminine nounmodifies μάχην - 271
I stand whenever the strife of war is raised.
Metre
ἵσταμαιὁππότενεῖκος‖ὀρώρηταιπολέμοιο
ἵσταμαιI standἵστημι · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbὁππότεwheneverὁπότε · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionνεῖκοςstrifeνεῖκος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὀρώρηταιὀρώρηταιarisesὄρνυμι · present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὁππότεπολέμοιοof warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies νεῖκος - 272
Perhaps some other bronze-clad Achaean
Metre
ἄλλόνπούτιναμᾶλλον‖Ἀχαιῶνχαλκοχιτώνων
ἄλλόνanotherἄλλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τιναπούperhapsπού · adverbsentence particleτιναmanτις · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λήθωμᾶλλονratherμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to λήθωἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies τιναχαλκοχιτώνωνbronze-cladχαλκοχίτων · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχαιῶν - 273
may fail to notice as he fights, but I think you know it yourself."
Metre
λήθωμαρνάμενος‖σὲδὲἴδμεναιαὐτὸνὀΐω
λήθωmay missλανθάνω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbμαρνάμενοςwhile fightingμάρναμαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to λήθωσὲyouσύ · accusative singular pronounsubject of ἴδμεναιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴδμεναιto knowοἶδα · perfect active infinitiveobject of ὀΐωαὐτὸνyourselfαὐτός · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementὀΐωI thinkοἴομαι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 274
Then Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, answered him in turn:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectΚρητῶνof CretansΚρής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἀντίονin replyἀντίον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαsaidαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 275
"I know what sort of valor is in you; why should you speak these things?
Metre
οἶδἀρετὴνοἷόςἐσσι‖τίσεχρὴταῦταλέγεσθαι
οἶδI knowοἶδα · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἀρετὴνvalorἀρετή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐσσιοἷόςwhat sort ofοἷος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐσσιyou areεἰμί · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbobject of οἶδ̓τίwhyτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to χρὴσεyouσύ · accusative singular pronounsubject of λέγεσθαιχρὴmustχρή · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbταῦταthese thingsοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of λέγεσθαιλέγεσθαιbe saidλέγω · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of χρὴ - 276
For if now beside the ships all of us were being chosen
Metre
εἰγὰρνῦνπαρὰνηυσὶ‖λεγοίμεθαπάντεςἄριστοι
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to λεγοίμεθαπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶby the shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰλεγοίμεθαwere chosenλέγω · present medio-passive optative, 1st plural verbadverbial to εἰπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἄριστοιἄριστοιbest menἄριστος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of λεγοίμεθα - 277
for an ambush, where most of all the valor of men is shown,
Metre
ἐςλόχονἔνθαμάλιστ‖ἀρετὴδιαείδεταιἀνδρῶν
ἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionλόχονfor ambushλόχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςἔνθαwhereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to διαείδεταιμάλιστmost of allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to διαείδεταιἀρετὴvalorἀρετή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of διαείδεταιδιαείδεταιshows itselfδιαείδω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing λόχονἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀρετὴ - 278
where both the coward and the brave man are made plain;
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐξεφαάνθηὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies ἀνὴρτεandτε · particlesentence particleδειλὸςcowardlyδειλός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τ̓ὅςheὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectτandτε · particlecoordinating wordἄλκιμοςbraveἄλκιμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐξεφαάνθηappears clearlyἐκφαίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 279
for the skin of the coward changes color one way and another,
Metre
τοῦμὲνγάρτεκακοῦ‖τρέπεταιχρὼςἄλλυδιςἄλλῃ
τοῦof himὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies χρὼςμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particleemphasizing particleκακοῦcoward'sκακός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies τοῦτρέπεταιchangesτρέπω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχρὼςhis colorχρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τρέπεταιἄλλυδιςone wayἄλλυδις · adverbadverbial to τρέπεταιἄλλῃanotherἄλλῃ · adverbadverbial to τρέπεται - 280
nor can his heart keep him sitting steady in his breast,
Metre
οὐδέοἱἀτρέμαςἧσθαι‖ἐρητύετἐνφρεσὶθυμός
οἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμόςἀτρέμαςsteadyἀτρέμας · adverbadverbial to ἧσθαιἧσθαιto sitἧμαι · perfect infinitiveobject of ἐρητύετ̓ἐρητύετholds fastἐρητύω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionφρεσὶin his breastφρήν · dative plural nounmodifies ἐνθυμόςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐρητύετ̓ - 281
but he shifts from foot to foot and sinks down on both feet,
Metre
ἀλλὰμετοκλάζει‖καὶἐπἀμφοτέρουςπόδαςἵζει
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleμετοκλάζειshiftsμετοκλάζω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀμφοτέρουςbothἀμφότερος · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies πόδαςπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐπ̓ἵζειsinks downἵζω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 282
and within him his heart beats loud against his ribs
Metre
ἐνδέτέοἱκραδίη‖μεγάλαστέρνοισιπατάσσει
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτέindeedτε · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies στέρνοισικραδίηheartκαρδία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of πατάσσειμεγάλαloudlyμέγας · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to πατάσσειστέρνοισιagainst ribsστέρνον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐνπατάσσειbeatsπατάσσω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 283
as he thinks of death, and the clatter of his teeth arises;
Metre
κῆραςὀϊομένῳ‖πάταγοςδέτεγίγνετὀδόντων
κῆραςdoomκήρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ὀϊομένῳὀϊομένῳthinking ofοἴομαι · present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementπάταγοςclatterπάταγος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γίγνετ̓δέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεandτε · particlesentence particleγίγνετarisesγίγνομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὀδόντωνof teethὀδούς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies πάταγος - 284
but the brave man's color does not change, nor is he overly afraid,
Metre
τοῦἀγαθοῦοὔτἂρ‖τρέπεταιχρὼςοὔτέτιλίην
τοῦof the braveὁ · genitive singular masculine articlemodifies ἀγαθοῦδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀγαθοῦindeedἀγαθός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρὼςἂρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτρέπεταιchangesτρέπω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχρὼςcolorχρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of οὔτέοὔτέneitherοὔτε · adverbcoordinating wordτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ταρβεῖλίηνtoo muchλίαν · adverbadverbial to ταρβεῖ - 285
once he is set in the ambush of men,
Metre
ταρβεῖἐπειδὰνπρῶτον‖ἐσίζηταιλόχονἀνδρῶν
ταρβεῖfearsταρβέω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπειδὰνonceἐπειδάν · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπρῶτονfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐσίζηταιἐσίζηταιis seatedεἰσίζομαι · present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπειδὰνλόχονin ambushλόχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐσίζηταιἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies λόχον - 286
but he prays to join battle in bitter war as soon as may be.
Metre
ἀρᾶταιδὲτάχιστα‖μιγήμεναιἐνδαῒλυγρῇ
ἀρᾶταιpraysἀράομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτάχισταquicklyταχύς · nominative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to μιγήμεναιμιγήμεναιto joinμίγνυμι · aorist passive infinitiveobject of ἀρᾶταιἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδαῒbattleδηϊοτής · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to φυλακτῆραλυγρῇgrimλυγρός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δαῒ - 287
There no man would make light of your spirit or your hands.
Metre
οὐδέκενἔνθατεόν‖γεμένοςκαὶχεῖραςὄνοιτο
κενwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ὄνοιτοτεόνyourτεός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένοςγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleμένοςspiritμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶὄνοιτοwould slightὄνομαι · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 288
Even if you should be struck while toiling, whether by missile or close blow,
Metre
εἴπεργάρκεβλεῖο‖πονεύμενοςἠὲτυπείης
εἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleκεwouldἄν · particleemphasizing particleβλεῖοwere struckβάλλω · aorist optative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ἠὲπονεύμενοςwhile toilingπονέω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βλεῖοἠὲorἠέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordτυπείηςwere hitτύπτω · aorist passive optative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ἠὲ - 289
the weapon would not hit you in the back of the neck nor in the back,
Metre
οὐκἂνἐναὐχένὄπισθε‖πέσοιβέλοςοὐδἐνὶνώτῳ
οὐκnotοὐ · adverbsentence particleἂνwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionαὐχένin the neckαὐχήν · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνὄπισθεfrom behindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to πέσοιπέσοιwould fallπίπτω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβέλοςmissileβέλος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of πέσοιἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionνώτῳin the backνῶτον · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνὶ - 290
but would meet either your chest or belly
Metre
ἀλλάκενἢστέρνων‖ἢνηδύοςἀντιάσειε
ἀλλάbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἢorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleστέρνωνof chestστέρνον · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἢἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordνηδύοςof bellyνηδύς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἢἀντιάσειεwould meetἀντιάζω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 291
as you pressed forward among the foremost fighters.
Metre
πρόσσωἱεμένοιο‖μετὰπρομάχωνὀαριστύν
πρόσσωforwardπρόσω · adverbadverbial to ἱεμένοιοἱεμένοιοpressing onἵημι · present medio-passive participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionπρομάχωνfront-rankersπρόμαχος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ὀαριστύνὀαριστύνpressὀαριστύς · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to μετὰ - 292
But come, let us no longer talk thus like children
Metre
ἀλλἄγεμηκέτιταῦτα‖λεγώμεθανηπύτιοιὣς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἄγεcomeἄγε · adverbsentence particleμηκέτιno longerμηκέτι · adverbadverbial to λεγώμεθαταῦταthese thingsοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of λεγώμεθαλεγώμεθαlet us speakλέγω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbνηπύτιοιchildishνηπύτιος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubjectὣςlike thisὡς · adverbadverbial - 293
standing here, lest someone sharply rebuke us;
Metre
ἑσταότεςμήπού‖τιςὑπερφιάλωςνεμεσήσῃ
ἑσταότεςstandingἵστημι · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to λεγώμεθαμήnotμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπούperhapsπού · adverbsentence particleτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of νεμεσήσῃὑπερφιάλωςharshlyὑπερφίαλος · adverbadverbial to νεμεσήσῃνεμεσήσῃrebukeνεμεσάω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to μή - 294
and you, go into the hut and take up a mighty spear."
Metre
ἀλλὰσύγεκλισίην‖δὲκιὼνἕλευὄβριμονἔγχος
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleσύyouσύ · nominative singular pronounsubject of ἕλευγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleκλισίηνthe hutκλισία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κιὼνδὲandδέ · particleemphasizing particleκιὼνgoingκίω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλευἕλευtake upαἱρέω · aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbὄβριμονmightyὄβριμος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἕλευ - 295
So he spoke, and Meriones, peer of swift Ares,
Metre
ὣςφάτοΜηριόνης‖δὲθοῷἀτάλαντοςἌρηϊ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordθοῷswiftθοός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἄρηϊἀτάλαντοςpeerἀτάλαντος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜηριόνηςἌρηϊAresἌρης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἀτάλαντος - 296
quickly from the hut took up the bronze spear,
Metre
καρπαλίμωςκλισίηθεν‖ἀνείλετοχάλκεονἔγχος
καρπαλίμωςquicklyκαρπάλιμος · adverbadverbial to ἀνείλετοκλισίηθενfrom the hutκλισίηθεν · adverbobject of ἀνείλετοἀνείλετοtook upἀναιρέω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀνείλετο - 297
and went after Idomeneus, greatly intent on war.
Metre
βῆδὲμετἸδομενῆα‖μέγαπτολέμοιομεμηλώς
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμετafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἸδομενῆαafter IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to μετ̓μέγαgreatlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to μεμηλώςπτολέμοιοfor warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεμηλώςμεμηλώςintentμέλω · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆ - 298
As man-slaying Ares goes into battle,
Metre
οἷοςδὲβροτολοιγὸς‖Ἄρηςπόλεμονδὲμέτεισι
οἷοςasοἷος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordβροτολοιγὸςman-slayingβροτολοιγός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἌρηςἌρηςAresἌρης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μέτεισιπόλεμονto battleπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μέτεισιδὲandδέ · particleemphasizing particleμέτεισιgoesμέτειμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial - 299
and with him goes his dear son Rout, strong and fearless,
Metre
τῷδὲΦόβοςφίλοςυἱὸς‖ἅμακρατερὸςκαὶἀταρβὴς
τῷwith himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἕσπετοδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleΦόβοςPanicφόβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἅμαwithἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἕσπετοκρατερὸςstrongκρατερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀταρβὴςfearlessἀταρβής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 300
who strikes terror even in a stout-hearted warrior,
ἕσπετοgoes alongἕπομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbialὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐφόβησετandτε · particlesentence particleἐφόβησεterrifiesφοβέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing υἱὸςταλάφρονάstout-heartedταλάφρων · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies πολεμιστήνπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleπολεμιστήνfighterπολεμιστής · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐφόβησε - 301
they two go forth from Thrace to arm among the Ephyri
Metre
τὼμὲνἄρἐκΘρῄκης‖Ἐφύρουςμέταθωρήσσεσθον
τὼthey twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of θωρήσσεσθονμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionΘρῄκηςfrom ThraceΘρᾴκη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκἘφύρουςthe EphyriἘφύρα · accusative plural masculine nounobject of μέταμέταamongμετά · prepositionprepositionθωρήσσεσθονarm themselvesθωρήσσω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbadverbial - 302
or among the great-hearted Phlegyans; but they do not listen to both sides,
Metre
ἠὲμετὰΦλεγύας‖μεγαλήτοραςοὐδἄρατώγε
ἠὲorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionΦλεγύαςthe PhlegyansΦλέγυας · accusative plural masculine nounobject of μετὰμεγαλήτοραςgreat-heartedμεγαλήτωρ · accusative plural masculine nounmodifies Φλεγύαςἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτώthey twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of ἔκλυονγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particle - 303
and they give glory to one side or the other.
Metre
ἔκλυονἀμφοτέρων‖ἑτέροισιδὲκῦδοςἔδωκαν
ἔκλυονheedκλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲἀμφοτέρωνboth sidesἀμφότερος · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἔκλυονἑτέροισιto one sideἕτερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἔδωκανδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκῦδοςgloryκῦδος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔδωκανἔδωκανthey giveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to δὲ - 304
So Meriones and Idomeneus, leaders of men,
Metre
τοῖοιΜηριόνης‖τεκαὶἸδομενεὺςἀγοὶἀνδρῶν
τοῖοιsuchτοῖος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶἀγοὶleadersἀγός · nominative plural masculine nouncircumstantial complementἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀγοὶ - 305
went into battle armed in blazing bronze.
Metre
ἤϊσανἐςπόλεμον‖κεκορυθμένοιαἴθοπιχαλκῷ
ἤϊσανwentεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionπόλεμονto battleπόλεμος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςκεκορυθμένοιarmedκορύσσω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἤϊσαναἴθοπιin blazingαἶθοψ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounobject of κεκορυθμένοι - 306
And Meriones spoke to him first:
Metre
τὸνκαὶΜηριόνης‖πρότεροςπρὸςμῦθονἔειπε
τὸνto himὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔειπεκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔειπεπρότεροςfirstπρότερος · nominative singular masculine comparative adjectivecircumstantial complementπρὸςtowardπρός · prepositionemphasizing particleμῦθονwordμῦθος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔειπεἔειπεspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 307
"Son of Deucalion, where do you desire to plunge into the throng?
Metre
Δευκαλίδηπῇτὰρ‖μέμοναςκαταδῦναιὅμιλον
ΔευκαλίδηDeucalion sonΔευκαλίδης · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headπῇwhereπῆ · adverbadverbial to μέμοναςτὰρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleμέμοναςare eagerμέμονα · perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκαταδῦναιto plungeκαταδύω · aorist active infinitiveobject of μέμοναςὅμιλονinto the throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καταδῦναι - 308
On the right of the whole host, or among the center,
Metre
ἢἐπὶδεξιόφιν‖παντὸςστρατοῦἦἀνὰμέσσους
ἢorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionδεξιόφινon the rightδεξιός · adverbadverbial to ἐπὶπαντὸςof allπᾶς · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies στρατοῦστρατοῦthe hostστρατός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies δεξιόφινἦorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleἀνὰthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionμέσσουςthe middleμέσος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἀνὰ - 309
or on the left? For nowhere, I think, will
Metre
ἦἐπἀριστερόφιν‖ἐπεὶοὔποθιἔλπομαιοὕτω
ἦorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀριστερόφινon the leftἀριστερός · adverbadverbial to ἐπ̓ἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleποθιanywhereποθι · adverbadverbial to δεύεσθαιἔλπομαιI expectἔλπω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶοὕτωsoοὕτως · adverbadverbial to δεύεσθαι - 310
the long-haired Achaeans be so lacking in battle."
Metre
δεύεσθαιπολέμοιο‖κάρηκομόωνταςἈχαιούς
δεύεσθαιto be lackingδεύω · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἔλπομαιπολέμοιοof battleπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of δεύεσθαικάρηheadsκάρα · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to κομόωνταςκομόωνταςlong-hairedκομάω · present active participle, accusative plural masculinemodifies ἈχαιούςἈχαιούςAchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectivesubject of δεύεσθαι - 311
Then Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, answered him in turn:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ηὔδαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbadverbial to ηὔδαἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectΚρητῶνof CretansΚρήτη · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies ἀγὸςἀγὸςleaderἀγός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἀντίονin replyἀντίος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ηὔδαηὔδαsaidαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 312
"In the middle ships there are others to defend them,
Metre
νηυσὶμὲνἐνμέσσῃσιν‖ἀμύνεινεἰσὶκαὶἄλλοι
νηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionμέσσῃσινmiddleμέσος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶἀμύνεινto defendἀμύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to εἰσὶεἰσὶthere areεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἄλλοιothersἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject - 313
the two Ajaxes and Teucer, who is best of the Achaeans
Αἴαντέςthe AjaxesΑἴας · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of θ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ΑἴαντέςΤεῦκρόςTeucerΤεῦκρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θ̓θandτε · particlecoordinating wordὃςheὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectἄριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine superlative adjectivepredicate nounἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἄριστος - 314
in archery, and good too in standing combat.
Metre
τοξοσύνῃἀγαθὸς‖δὲκαὶἐνσταδίῃὑσμίνῃ
τοξοσύνῃin archeryτοξοσύνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἄριστοςἀγαθὸςgoodἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionσταδίῃstandingστάδιος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὑσμίνῃὑσμίνῃcombatὑσμίνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 315
They will give enough trouble, even to one eager for battle,
Metre
οἵμινἅδηνἐλόωσι‖καὶἐσσύμενονπολέμοιο
οἵtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐλόωσιμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobjectἅδηνenoughἅδην · adverbadverbial to ἐλόωσιἐλόωσιwill checkἐλαύνω · future active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐσσύμενονeagerἐσσύμενος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifiesπολέμοιοfor battleπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἅδην - 316
Hector son of Priam, however strong he is.
Metre
ἝκτοραΠριαμίδην‖καὶεἰμάλακαρτερόςἐστιν
ἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobjectΠριαμίδηνPriam sonΠριαμίδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἕκτορακαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleεἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμάλαveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to καρτερόςκαρτερόςstrongκαρτερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐστινhe isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰ - 317
Hard will it be for him, though eager for battle,
Metre
αἰπύοἱἐσσεῖται‖μάλαπερμεμαῶτιμάχεσθαι
αἰπύhardαἰπύς · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate nounοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐσσεῖταιἐσσεῖταιit will beεἰμί · future middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμάλαveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to μεμαῶτιπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleμεμαῶτιeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitivesubject of ἐσσεῖται - 318
to conquer their strength and irresistible hands
Metre
κείνωννικήσαντι‖μένοςκαὶχεῖραςἀάπτους
κείνωνtheirἐκεῖνος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies μένοςνικήσαντιmasteringνικάω · aorist active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμένοςstrengthμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶἀάπτουςunweariedἄαπτος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖρας - 319
and set fire to the ships, unless the son of Cronos himself
Metre
νῆαςἐνιπρῆσαι‖ὅτεμὴαὐτόςγεΚρονίων
νῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνιπρῆσαιἐνιπρῆσαιto set ablazeἐμπίμπρημι · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to νικήσαντιὅτεunlessὅτε · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleαὐτόςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleΚρονίωνCronionΚρονίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐμβάλοι - 320
casts a burning brand on the swift ships.
Metre
ἐμβάλοιαἰθόμενον‖δαλὸννήεσσιθοῇσιν
ἐμβάλοιcastsἐμβάλλω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὅτεαἰθόμενονburningαἴθω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies δαλὸνδαλὸνbrandδαλός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐμβάλοινήεσσιon shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐμβάλοιθοῇσινswiftθοός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νήεσσι - 321
To a man great Ajax, son of Telamon, would not give way,
Metre
ἀνδρὶδέοὐκεἴξειε‖μέγαςΤελαμώνιοςΑἴας
ἀνδρὶto a manἀνήρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἴξειεδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleεἴξειεwould yieldεἴκω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαςgreatμέγας · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΤελαμώνιοςTelamonianΤελαμών · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΑἴαςΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἴξειε - 322
if that man were mortal and ate Demeter's grain,
ὃςwhoeverὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἴηθνητόςmortalθνητός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounτandτε · particlesentence particleεἴηmight beεἰμί · present active optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἔδοιmight eatἔδω · present active optative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing καὶΔημήτεροςDemeter’sΔημήτηρ · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἀκτὴνἀκτὴνgrainἀκτή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔδοι - 323
and could be broken by bronze and by great stones.
χαλκῷby bronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to τετεandτε · particlesentence particleῥηκτὸςbreakableῥηκτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementμεγάλοισίgreatμέγας · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies χερμαδίοισιντεandτε · particlecoordinating wordχερμαδίοισινstonesχερμάδιον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to τε - 324
He would not yield even to Achilles, breaker of ranks,
Metre
οὐδἂνἈχιλλῆϊ‖ῥηξήνοριχωρήσειεν
ἂνwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἈχιλλῆϊto AchillesἈχιλλεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of χωρήσειενῥηξήνοριbreaker of ranksῥηξήνωρ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀχιλλῆϊχωρήσειενwould give wayχωρέω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 325
in stand-up fight; only in feet there is no contending.
ἔνinἐν · prepositionprepositionγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleαὐτοσταδίῃin stand-up fightαὐτοσταδίη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔνποσὶin feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐρίζεινδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπωςindeedπως · particleadverbial to ἔστινἔστινthere isεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐρίζεινcontendingἐρίζω · present active infinitivesubject of ἔστιν - 326
But let us go toward the left of the host,
Metre
νῶϊνὧδἐπἀριστέρ‖ἔχεστρατοῦὄφρατάχιστα
νῶϊνfor us twoἐγώ · dative dual masculine pronounadverbial to ἔχεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὧδthis wayὧδε · adverbadverbial to ἔχεἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀριστέρto the leftἀριστερός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓ἔχεkeepἔχω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbστρατοῦso thatστρατός · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀριστέῤὄφραindeedὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτάχισταquicklyταχύς · accusative plural neuter superlative adjectiveadverbial to εἴδομεν - 327
so that quickly we may see whether we shall give glory to another, or another to us."
Metre
εἴδομενἠέτῳεὖχος‖ὀρέξομενἦέτιςἡμῖν
εἴδομενlet us seeεἴδω · perfect active subjunctive, 1st plural verbadverbial to ὄφραἠέorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτῳto someoneτις · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ὀρέξομενεὖχοςgloryεὖχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ὀρέξομενὀρέξομενwe shall grantὀρέγω · future active indicative, 1st plural verbobject of ἦέἦέorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectἡμῖνto usἐγώ · dative plural masculine pronounobject - 328
So he spoke, and Meriones, peer of swift Ares,
Metre
ὣςφάτοΜηριόνης‖δὲθοῷἀτάλαντοςἌρηϊ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦρχ̓δὲandδέ · particlesentence particleθοῷswiftθοός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἄρηϊἀτάλαντοςpeerἀτάλαντος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜηριόνηςἌρηϊAresἌρης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἀτάλαντος - 329
led on, until they came down the host where he bade him,
Metre
ἦρχἴμενὄφρἀφίκοντο‖κατὰστρατὸνᾗμινἀνώγει
ἦρχledἄρχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἴμενto goεἶμι · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἦρχ̓ὄφρuntilὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἀφίκοντοthey cameἀφικνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ὄφῤκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionστρατὸνdown the hostστρατός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰᾗwhereᾗ · adverbobjectμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀνώγειἀνώγειhad orderedἄνωγα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbobject of ἀφίκοντο - 330
When they saw Idomeneus, like a flame in strength,
Metre
οἳὡςἸδομενῆα‖ἴδονφλογὶεἴκελονἀλκὴν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἴδονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὡςasὡς · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἸδομενῆαIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶἴδονsawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ὡςφλογὶflameφλόξ · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἴκελονεἴκελονlikeεἴκελος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰδομενῆαἀλκὴνin strengthἀλκή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to εἴκελον - 331
and his attendant with him in cunning-wrought armor,
Metre
αὐτὸνκαὶθεράποντα‖σὺνἔντεσιδαιδαλέοισι
αὐτὸνhimselfαὐτός · accusative singular masculine adjectiveemphasizing particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordθεράπονταattendantθεράπων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionἔντεσιarmorἔντεα · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺνδαιδαλέοισιcunning-wroughtδαιδάλεος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔντεσι - 332
calling through the throng, they all advanced upon him.
Metre
κεκλόμενοικαθὅμιλον‖ἐπαὐτῷπάντεςἔβησαν
κεκλόμενοιcalling outκέλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔβησανκαθthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionὅμιλονthrough the throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to καθ̓ἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionαὐτῷagainst himαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓πάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἔβησανἔβησανadvancedβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 333
and the struggle stood gathered at the ships' sterns.
Metre
τῶνὁμὸνἵστατονεῖκος‖ἐπὶπρυμνῇσινέεσσιν
τῶνof themὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounobject of ἵστατοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὁμὸνgatheredὁμός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies νεῖκοςἵστατοstoodἵστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνεῖκοςstruggleνεῖκος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἵστατοἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionπρυμνῇσιat the sternsπρυμνός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νέεσσιννέεσσινof shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 334
As when beneath shrill winds the gusts drive on
ὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleὅθwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to τ̓ὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionλιγέωνshrillλιγύς · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνέμωνἀνέμωνwindsἄνεμος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to ὑπὸσπέρχωσινdrive onσπέρχω · present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τ̓ἄελλαιgustsἄελλα · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of σπέρχωσιν - 335
on the day when dust lies deepest about the roads,
Metre
ἤματιτῷὅτετε‖πλείστηκόνιςἀμφὶκελεύθους
ἤματιon a dayἦμαρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to σπέρχωσιντῷthatὁ · dative singular neuter articlemodifies ἤματιὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbialτεandτε · particlesentence particleπλείστηdeepestπλεῖστος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κόνιςκόνιςdustκόνις · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectἀμφὶaboutἀμφί · prepositionprepositionκελεύθουςthe roadsκέλευθος · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶ - 336
and they lift together a great cloud of dust,
Metre
οἵἄμυδιςκονίης‖μεγάληνἱστᾶσινὀμίχλην
οἵtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἱστᾶσιντandτε · particlecoordinating wordἄμυδιςtogetherἄμυδις · adverbadverbial to ἱστᾶσινκονίηςof dustκονία · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ὀμίχληνμεγάληνgreatμέγας · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὀμίχληνἱστᾶσινraise upἵστημι · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to τ̓ὀμίχληνcloudὁμίχλη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἱστᾶσιν - 337
so their battle came together; and in their hearts they were eager
Metre
ὣςἄρατῶνὁμόσἦλθε‖μάχημέμασανἐνὶθυμῷ
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἦλθεἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτῶνtheirὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies μάχηὁμόσhead-onὁμόσε · adverbobject of ἦλθεἦλθεcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμάχηbattleμάχη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἦλθεμέμασανwere eagerμέμαα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionθυμῷin heartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 338
to kill one another through the throng with sharp bronze.
Metre
ἀλλήλουςκαθὅμιλον‖ἐναιρέμενὀξέϊχαλκῷ
ἀλλήλουςeach otherἀλλήλων · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐναιρέμενκαθthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionὅμιλονthrough the throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to καθ̓ἐναιρέμενto killἐναίρω · present active infinitiveobject of μέμασανὀξέϊsharpὀξύς · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐναιρέμεν - 339
And the man-destroying battle bristled with long spears
Metre
ἔφριξενδὲμάχη‖φθισίμβροτοςἐγχείῃσι
ἔφριξενbristledφρίσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάχηbattleμάχη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἔφριξενφθισίμβροτοςman-destroyingφθισίμβροτος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μάχηἐγχείῃσιwith spearsἐγχείη · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἔφριξεν - 340
flesh-rending spears they held; and the eyes were dazzled
Metre
μακρῇςἃςεἶχον‖ταμεσίχροαςὄσσεἄμερδεν
μακρῇςlongμακρός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἐγχείῃσιἃςwhichὅς · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of εἶχονεἶχονthey heldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἐγχείῃσιταμεσίχροαςflesh-rendingταμεσίχρως · accusative plural feminine adjectivecircumstantial complementὄσσεeyesὄσσε · accusative dual neuter nounobject of ἄμερδενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄμερδενdazzledἀμέρδω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 341
by the brazen gleam from shining helmets
Metre
αὐγὴχαλκείη‖κορύθωνἄπολαμπομενάων
αὐγὴgleamαὐγή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἄμερδενχαλκείηbrazenχάλκειος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies αὐγὴκορύθωνfrom helmetsκόρυς · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies τεἄποfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionλαμπομενάωνshiningλάμπω · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural femininemodifies κορύθων - 342
and newly-polished corslets and bright shields
Metre
θωρήκωντενεοσμήκτων‖σακέωντεφαεινῶν
θωρήκωνfrom corsletsθώραξ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τετεandτε · particlesentence particleνεοσμήκτωνnew-polishedνεόσμηκτος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies θωρήκωνσακέωνfrom shieldsσάκος · genitive plural neuter nounmodifies τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordφαεινῶνbrightφαεινός · genitive plural neuter adjectivemodifies σακέων - 343
as they came together. Very hard-hearted would he be
Metre
ἐρχομένωνἄμυδις‖μάλακενθρασυκάρδιοςεἴη
ἐρχομένωνcomingἔρχομαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural masculinemodifies τεἄμυδιςtogetherἄμυδις · adverbobject of ἐρχομένωνμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleθρασυκάρδιοςhard-heartedθρασυκάρδιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounεἴηwould beἐάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 344
who then could rejoice seeing that toil and not be grieved.
Metre
ὃςτότεγηθήσειεν‖ἰδὼνπόνονοὐδἀκάχοιτο
ὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓τότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to δ̓γηθήσειενmight rejoiceγηθέω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbsubject of δ̓ἰδὼνseeingεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to γηθήσειενπόνονthat toilπόνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἰδὼνἀκάχοιτοnot grieveἀχεύω · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbsubject of δ̓ - 345
The two mighty sons of Cronos, with opposing minds,
Metre
τὼἀμφὶςφρονέοντε‖δύωΚρόνουυἷεκραταιὼ
τὼthe twoτῷ · adverbsentence particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀμφὶςat oddsἀμφίς · adverbadverbial to φρονέοντεφρονέοντεthinkingφρονέω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἐτεύχετονδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies υἷεΚρόνουof CronosΚρόνος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷευἷεsonsυἱός · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of ἐτεύχετονκραταιὼmightyκραταιός · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies υἷε - 346
were preparing grievous pains for the warrior men.
Metre
ἀνδράσινἡρώεσσιν‖ἐτεύχετονἄλγεαλυγρά
ἀνδράσινfor menἀνήρ · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἐτεύχετονἡρώεσσινwarriorsἥρως · dative plural masculine nounmodifies ἀνδράσινἐτεύχετονpreparedτεύχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbἄλγεαpainsἄλγος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἐτεύχετονλυγράgrievousλυγρός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἄλγεα - 347
Zeus indeed wished victory for the Trojans and Hector,
Metre
ΖεὺςμένῥαΤρώεσσι‖καὶἝκτοριβούλετονίκην
ΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of βούλετομένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΤρώεσσιfor TrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἝκτοριfor HectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶβούλετοwantedβούλομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνίκηνvictoryνίκη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βούλετο - 348
honoring swift-footed Achilles; yet not utterly
Metre
κυδαίνωνἈχιλῆα‖πόδαςταχύνοὐδέτιπάμπαν
κυδαίνωνhonoringκυδαίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βούλετοἈχιλῆαAchillesἈχιλλεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κυδαίνωνπόδαςfeetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ταχύνταχύνswiftταχύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀχιλῆατιitτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἤθελεπάμπανutterlyπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to ὀλέσθαι - 349
did he wish the Achaean people to perish there before Ilion,
Metre
ἤθελελαὸνὀλέσθαι‖ἈχαιϊκὸνἸλιόθιπρό
ἤθελεdid he wishἐθέλω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλαὸνthe peopleλαός · accusative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀλέσθαιὀλέσθαιto perishὄλλυμι · aorist middle infinitiveobject of ἤθελεἈχαιϊκὸνAchaeanἈχαιικός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies λαὸνἸλιόθιbefore IlionἸλιόθι · adverbadverbial to πρόπρόbeforeπρό · prepositionpreposition - 350
but to honor Thetis and her strong-hearted son.
Metre
ἀλλὰΘέτινκύδαινε‖καὶυἱέακαρτερόθυμον
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordΘέτινThetisθέτις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκύδαινεto honorκυδαίνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordυἱέαher sonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαρτερόθυμονstrong-heartedκαρτερόθυμος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱέα - 351
But Poseidon, coming among them, roused the Argives
Metre
ἈργείουςδὲΠοσειδάων‖ὀρόθυνεμετελθὼν
ἈργείουςArgivesἈργεῖος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὀρόθυνεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὀρόθυνεὀρόθυνεrousedὀροθύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμετελθὼνcoming amongμετέρχομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀρόθυνε - 352
secretly, rising from the gray sea unseen;
Metre
λάθρῃὑπεξαναδὺς‖πολιῆςἁλόςἤχθετογάρῥα
λάθρῃsecretlyλάθρῃ · adverbadverbial to ὑπεξαναδὺςὑπεξαναδὺςrising unseenὑπεξαναδύομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὀρόθυνεπολιῆςgrayπολιός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἁλόςἁλόςseaἅλς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ὑπεξαναδὺςἤχθετοwas vexedἔχθω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particle - 353
being broken by the Trojans, and was fiercely angry with Zeus.
Metre
Τρωσὶνδαμναμένους‖Διὶδὲκρατερῶςἐνεμέσσα
Τρωσὶνby TrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of δαμναμένουςδαμναμένουςbeing beatenδάμνημι · present medio-passive participle, accusative plural masculineobject of ἤχθετοΔιὶwith ZeusΖεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνεμέσσαδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκρατερῶςfiercelyκρατερός · adverbadverbial to ἐνεμέσσαἐνεμέσσαwas angryνεμεσάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 354
Truly both were of one stock and one fatherland,
Metre
ἦμὰνἀμφοτέροισιν‖ὁμὸνγένοςἠδἴαπάτρη
ἦtrulyἦ · adverbsentence particleμὰνsurelyμήν · particlesentence particleἀμφοτέροισινfor bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbialὁμὸνsameὁμός · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies γένοςγένοςstockγένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἠδ̓ἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἴαoneεἷς · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πάτρηπάτρηfatherlandπάτρη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠδ̓ - 355
but Zeus had been born first and knew more.
Metre
ἀλλὰΖεὺςπρότερος‖γεγόνεικαὶπλείοναᾔδη
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γεγόνειπρότεροςfirstπρότερος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγεγόνειhad been bornγίγνομαι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπλείοναmore thingsπλείων · accusative plural neuter comparative adjectiveobject of ᾔδηᾔδηknewοἶδα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 356
Therefore openly indeed he shrank from helping,
Metre
τώῥακαὶἀμφαδίην‖μὲνἀλεξέμεναιἀλέεινε
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἀμφαδίηνopenlyἀμφάδιος · accusative singular feminine adjectiveadverbial to ἀλεξέμεναιμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀλεξέμεναιto helpἀλέξω · present active infinitiveobject of ἀλέεινεἀλέεινεheld backἀλεείνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 357
but in secret always he stirred the host in the likeness of a man.
Metre
λάθρῃαἰὲνἔγειρε‖κατὰστρατὸνἀνδρὶἐοικώς
λάθρῃsecretlyλάθρῃ · adverbadverbial to ἔγειρεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἰὲνalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἔγειρεἔγειρεstirredἐγείρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionστρατὸνthe hostστρατός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰἀνδρὶa manἀνήρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐοικώςἐοικώςin likenessἔοικα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔγειρε - 358
They two stretched over both the cord of bitter strife
Metre
τοὶἔριδοςκρατερῆς‖καὶὁμοιΐουπτολέμοιο
τοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of τάνυσσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔριδοςof strifeἔρις · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies καὶκρατερῆςgrimκρατερός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἔριδοςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὁμοιΐουequalὁμοίιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πτολέμοιοπτολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies καὶ - 359
and equal war, making it taut over both,
Metre
πεῖραρἐπαλλάξαντες‖ἐπἀμφοτέροισιτάνυσσαν
πεῖραρropeπεῖραρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τάνυσσανἐπαλλάξαντεςstretching acrossἐπαλλάσσω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τάνυσσανἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀμφοτέροισιover bothἀμφότερος · dative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓τάνυσσανstretchedτανύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 360
unbreakable and inescapable, which loosened the knees of many.
ἄρρηκτόνunbreakableἄρρηκτος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies τετandτε · particlesentence particleἄλυτόνinescapableἄλυτος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordτὸwhichὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of ἔλυσενπολλῶνof manyπολύς · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies γούνατ̓γούνατkneesγόνυ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔλυσενἔλυσενloosenedλύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing πεῖραρ - 361
There, though grizzled, Idomeneus urged the Danaans on
Metre
ἔνθαμεσαιπόλιός‖περἐὼνΔαναοῖσικελεύσας
ἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ὦρσεμεσαιπόλιόςgray-hairedμεσαιπόλιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἐὼνbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὦρσεΔαναοῖσιDanaansΔαναοί · dative plural masculine nounobject of κελεύσαςκελεύσαςurgingκελεύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὦρσε - 362
and leapt among the Trojans and roused panic.
Metre
ἸδομενεὺςΤρώεσσι‖μετάλμενοςἐνφόβονὦρσε
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρσεΤρώεσσιamong TrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of μετάλμενοςμετάλμενοςleaping amongμεθάλλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὦρσεἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionφόβονpanicφόβος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐνὦρσεrousedὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 363
For he killed Othryoneus, who dwelt in Cabesus,
Metre
πέφνεγὰρὈθρυονῆα‖Καβησόθενἔνδονἐόντα
πέφνεkilledθείνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὈθρυονῆαOthryoneusὈθρυονεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πέφνεΚαβησόθενfrom CabesusΚαβησόθεν · adverbmodifies Ὀθρυονῆαἔνδονwithinἔνδον · adverbadverbial to ἐόνταἐόνταdwellingεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies Ὀθρυονῆα - 364
who had newly come after the fame of war,
Metre
ὅςῥανέονπολέμοιο‖μετὰκλέοςεἰληλούθει
ὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δὲῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleνέονnewlyνέος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to εἰληλούθειπολέμοιοof warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies κλέοςμετὰafterμετά · prepositionprepositionκλέοςfor fameκλέος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to μετὰεἰληλούθειhad comeἔρχομαι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δὲ - 365
and asked for the fairest in beauty of Priam's daughters,
Metre
ᾔτεεδὲΠριάμοιο‖θυγατρῶνεἶδοςἀρίστην
ᾔτεεasked forαἰτέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δὲδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleΠριάμοιοof PriamΠρίαμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θυγατρῶνθυγατρῶνdaughtersθυγάτηρ · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies ἀρίστηνεἶδοςin beautyεἶδος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀρίστηνἀρίστηνfairestἄριστος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Κασσάνδρην - 366
Cassandra, without bride-price; and he promised a great deed,
ΚασσάνδρηνCassandraΚασσάνδρη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ᾔτεεἀνάεδνονwithout bride-priceἀνάεδνος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ᾔτεεὑπέσχετοpromisedὑπισχνέομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δὲδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργονἔργονdeedἔργον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of , - 367
to drive the sons of the Achaeans from Troy against their will.
Metre
ἐκΤροίηςἀέκοντας‖ἀπωσέμενυἷαςἈχαιῶν
ἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionΤροίηςTroyΤροία · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκἀέκονταςagainst their willἀέκων · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀπωσέμενto drive awayἀπωθέω · future active infinitiveobject of ,υἷαςsonsυἱός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἀπωσέμενἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies υἷας - 368
The old man Priam assented and nodded
τῷto himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δωσέμεναιδandδέ · particlesentence particleὁheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies γέρωνγέρωνoldγέρων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠρίαμοςΠρίαμοςPriamΠρίαμος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶὑπόthereuponὑπό · prepositionemphasizing particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἔσχετοagreedἔχω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordκατένευσεnoddedκατανεύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 369
to give her; and he fought trusting in the promises.
Metre
δωσέμεναιὃδὲμάρναθ‖ὑποσχεσίῃσιπιθήσας
δωσέμεναιto give herδίδωμι · future active infinitiveobject of καὶὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μάρναθ̓δὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάρναθfoughtμάρναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὑποσχεσίῃσιin promisesὑποσχεσίη · dative plural feminine nounobject of πιθήσαςπιθήσαςtrustingπείθω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to μάρναθ̓ - 370
But Idomeneus aimed his bright spear at him
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςαὐτοῖο‖τιτύσκετοδουρὶφαεινῷ
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneus̓ἰδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὐτοῖοat himαὐτός · genitive singular masculine adjectiveobject of τιτύσκετοτιτύσκετοtook aimτιτύσκομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to τιτύσκετοφαεινῷbrightφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 371
and struck him as he strode high; nor did the bronze corselet
Metre
καὶβάλενὕψιβιβάντα‖τυχώνοὐδἤρκεσεθώρηξ
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordβάλενstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὕψιhighὕψι · adverbadverbial to βιβάνταβιβάνταstridingβίβημι · present active participle, accusative singular masculineobject of βάλεντυχώνhittingτυγχάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βάλενἤρκεσεwarded offἀρκέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθώρηξcorsletθώραξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤρκεσε - 372
he used to wear avail him, but he drove it into the middle of the belly.
Metre
χάλκεοςὃνφορέεσκε‖μέσῃἐνγαστέριπῆξε
χάλκεοςbronzeχάλκεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θώρηξὃνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of φορέεσκεφορέεσκεused to wearφορέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing θώρηξμέσῃin middleμέσος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαστέριδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionγαστέριbellyγαστήρ · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπῆξεdroveπήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 373
He fell with a thud, and he boasted over him and spoke:
Metre
δούπησενδὲπεσών‖ὃἐπεύξατοφώνησέντε
δούπησενthuddedδουπέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπεσώνfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δούπησενὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπεύξατοboastedἐπεύχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφώνησένspokeφωνέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 374
"Othryoneus, above all mortals I count you blessed
Metre
Ὀθρυονεῦπερὶδή‖σεβροτῶναἰνίζομἁπάντων
ὈθρυονεῦOthryoneusὈθρυονεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headπερὶaboveπερί · prepositionprepositionδήindeedδή · particlesentence particleσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of αἰνίζομ̓βροτῶνamong mortalsβροτός · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to περὶαἰνίζομI countαἰνίζω · present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἁπάντωνallἅπας · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies βροτῶν - 375
if you truly accomplish all you promised
Metre
εἰἐτεὸνδὴπάντα‖τελευτήσειςὅσὑπέστης
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐτεὸνtrulyἐτεός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to τελευτήσειςδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleπάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of τελευτήσειςτελευτήσειςyou fulfillτελευτάω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἰὅσwhat thingsὅσος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ὑπέστηςὑπέστηςyou promisedὑφίστημι · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbverb of a clause describing πάντα - 376
to Dardanid Priam, who promised you his daughter.
Metre
ΔαρδανίδῃΠριάμῳ‖ὃὑπέσχετοθυγατέραἥν
Δαρδανίδῃto DardanidΔαρδανίδης · dative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠριάμῳΠριάμῳPriamΠρίαμος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ὑπέστηςὃwhoὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ὑπέσχετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπέσχετοpromisedὑπισχνέομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθυγατέραdaughterθυγάτηρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὑπέσχετοἥνhisὅς · accusative singular feminine pronounmodifies θυγατέρα - 377
And we too might promise these things and fulfill them for you:
Metre
καίκέτοιἡμεῖςταῦτά‖ὑποσχόμενοιτελέσαιμεν
καίandκαί · adverbsentence particleκέwouldἄν · particlesentence particleτοιto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ὑποσχόμενοιἡμεῖςweἐγώ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of τελέσαιμενταῦτάthese thingsοὗτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of τελέσαιμενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleὑποσχόμενοιpromisingὑπισχνέομαι · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τελέσαιμεντελέσαιμενmight fulfillτελέω · aorist active optative, 1st plural verbmain verb - 378
we would give you the fairest of the daughters of the son of Atreus,
δοῖμενwe would giveδίδωμι · aorist active optative, 1st plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈτρεΐδαοof Atreus sonἈτρείδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θυγατρῶνθυγατρῶνdaughtersθυγάτηρ · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies ἀρίστηνεἶδοςin beautyεἶδος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀρίστηνἀρίστηνfairestἄριστος · accusative singular feminine adjectiveobject of δοῖμεν - 379
bringing her from Argos for you to marry, if you with us
Metre
Ἄργεοςἐξαγαγόντες‖ὀπυιέμενεἴκεσὺνἄμμιν
Ἄργεοςfrom ArgosἌργος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἐξαγαγόντεςἐξαγαγόντεςbringing outἐξάγω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to δοῖμενὀπυιέμενto marryὀπυίω · present active infinitiveadverbial to δοῖμενεἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionἄμμινusἐγώ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to σὺν - 380
would sack the well-inhabited citadel of Ilion.
Metre
Ἰλίουἐκπέρσῃς‖εὖναιόμενονπτολίεθρον
Ἰλίουof IlionἼλιος · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies πτολίεθρονἐκπέρσῃςyou should sackἐκπέρθω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to εἴεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to ναιόμενονναιόμενονinhabitedναίω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular neutermodifies πτολίεθρονπτολίεθρονcitadelπτολίεθρον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐκπέρσῃς - 381
But come, follow, that at the seafaring ships we may make our compact
Metre
ἀλλἕπεὄφρἐπὶνηυσὶ‖συνώμεθαποντοπόροισιν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἕπεfollowἕπομαι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbὄφρso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐπὶbyἐπί · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶthe shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶσυνώμεθαlet us make termsσυνίημι · aorist middle subjunctive, 1st plural verbadverbial to ὄφῤποντοπόροισινseafaringποντόπορος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶ - 382
about the marriage, since we are not bad bride-givers."
Metre
ἀμφὶγάμῳἐπεὶοὔ‖τοιἐεδνωταὶκακοίεἰμεν
ἀμφὶaboutἀμφί · prepositionprepositionγάμῳmarriageγάμος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτοιsurelyτοι · particlesentence particleἐεδνωταὶbride-giversἑδνωτής · nominative plural masculine nounpredicate nounκακοίbadκακός · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἐεδνωταὶεἰμενwe areεἰμί · present active indicative, 1st plural verbadverbial to ἐπεὶ - 383
So saying, the hero Idomeneus dragged him by the foot
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνποδὸςἕλκε‖κατὰκρατερὴνὑσμίνην
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνhaving saidεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλκεποδὸςby the footπούς · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἕλκεἕλκεdraggedἕλκω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionκρατερὴνmightyκρατερός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὑσμίνηνὑσμίνηνbattleὑσμίνη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατὰ - 384
through the mighty battle; and Asius came to defend him,
Metre
ἥρωςἸδομενεύς‖τῷἌσιοςἦλθἐπαμύντωρ
ἥρωςheroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἸδομενεύςἸδομενεύςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἕλκετῷfor himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἦλθ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἌσιοςAsiusἌσιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦλθ̓ἦλθcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπαμύντωρdefenderἐπαμύντωρ · nominative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complement - 385
on foot before his horses; and the two of them kept blowing upon his shoulders,
Metre
πεζὸςπρόσθἵππων‖τὼδὲπνείοντεκατὤμων
πεζὸςon footπεζός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementπρόσθbeforeπρόσθεν · prepositionprepositionἵππωνbefore horsesἵππος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to πρόσθ̓τὼthe pairὁ · accusative dual masculine pronounobject of ἔχ̓δὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπνείοντεblowingπνέω · present active participle, accusative dual masculinecircumstantial complementκατuponκατά · prepositionprepositionὤμωνupon shouldersὦμος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to κατ̓ - 386
his attendant charioteer always held them there. But he burned in heart
Metre
αἰὲνἔχἡνίοχος‖θεράπωνὃδὲἵετοθυμῷ
αἰὲνalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to πνείοντεἔχheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἡνίοχοςcharioteerἡνίοχος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies θεράπωνθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχ̓ὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἵετοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἵετοyearnedἵημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθυμῷin heartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἵετο - 387
to strike Idomeneus; yet Idomeneus struck first with the spear
Metre
Ἰδομενῆαβαλεῖν‖ὃδέμινφθάμενοςβάλεδουρὶ
ἸδομενῆαIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βαλεῖνβαλεῖνto strikeβάλλω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἵετοὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δὲδέandδέ · particlesentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of βάλεφθάμενοςstriking firstφθάνω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βάλεβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to βάλε - 388
beneath the chin in the throat, and drove the bronze clean through.
Metre
λαιμὸνὑπἀνθερεῶνα‖διὰπρὸδὲχαλκὸνἔλασσεν
λαιμὸνthroatλαιμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βάλεὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἀνθερεῶναbeneath chinἀνθερεών · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπ̓διὰthroughδιά · prepositionemphasizing particleπρὸclean throughπρό · adverbobject of ἔλασσενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχαλκὸνbronzeχαλκός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔλασσενἔλασσενdroveἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 389
He crashed down as when some oak falls, or white poplar,
Metre
ἤριπεὡςὅτετις‖δρῦςἤριπενἢἀχερωῒς
ἤριπεcrashed downἐρείπω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἤριπεντιςsomeτις · nominative singular feminine pronounmodifies ἠὲδρῦςoakδρῦς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠὲἤριπενfallsἐρείπω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἤριπεἢorἤ · conjunctionsentence particleἀχερωῒςwhite poplarἀχερωίς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠὲ - 390
or tall pine, which shipwrights in the mountains
Metre
ἠὲπίτυςβλωθρή‖τήνοὔρεσιτέκτονεςἄνδρες
ἠὲorἠέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπίτυςpineπίτυς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠὲβλωθρήtallβλωθρός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πίτυςτήνwhichὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἐξέταμοντandτε · particlesentence particleοὔρεσιin mountainsὄρος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐξέταμοντέκτονεςshipwrightsτέκτων · nominative plural masculine nounmodifies ἄνδρεςἄνδρεςmenἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐξέταμον - 391
cut down with newly whetted axes to be ship timber;
Metre
ἐξέταμονπελέκεσσι‖νεήκεσινήϊονεἶναι
ἐξέταμονcut downἐκτέμνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἠὲπελέκεσσιwith axesπέλεκυς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐξέταμοννεήκεσιnewly whettedνεηκής · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies πελέκεσσινήϊονfor shipνήιος · accusative singular feminine adjectivepredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἐξέταμον - 392
so he lay stretched before the horses and chariot,
Metre
ὣςὃπρόσθἵππων‖καὶδίφρουκεῖτοτανυσθεὶς
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to κεῖτοὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κεῖτοπρόσθbeforeπρόσθεν · prepositionprepositionἵππωνbefore horsesἵππος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδίφρουand chariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to καὶκεῖτοlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτανυσθεὶςstretched outτανύω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτο - 393
groaning and clutching the blood-soaked dust.
Metre
βεβρυχὼςκόνιος‖δεδραγμένοςαἱματοέσσης
βεβρυχὼςgroaningβρυχάομαι · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοκόνιοςdustκόνις · genitive singular feminine nounobject of δεδραγμένοςδεδραγμένοςclutchingδράσσομαι · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοαἱματοέσσηςblood-soakedαἱματόεις · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies κόνιος - 394
And his charioteer was struck in the wits he had before,
Metre
ἐκδέοἱἡνίοχος‖πλήγηφρέναςἃςπάροςεἶχεν
ἐκindeedἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies φρέναςἡνίοχοςcharioteerἡνίοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πλήγηπλήγηwas struckπλήσσω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφρέναςin the witsφρήν · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to πλήγηἃςwhichὅς · accusative plural feminine pronounobject of εἶχενπάροςbeforeπάρος · adverbadverbial to εἶχενεἶχενhe hadἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing φρένας - 395
nor did he dare, escaping the hands of enemies,
Metre
οὐδὅἐτόλμησεν‖δηΐωνὑπὸχεῖραςἀλύξας
ὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐτόλμησενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐτόλμησενdaredτολμάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδηΐωνof foesδάιος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies χεῖραςὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionχεῖραςhandsχείρ · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὸἀλύξαςescapingἀλύσκω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to στρέψαι - 396
to wheel the horses back; but Antilochus, eager for battle,
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of στρέψαιἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural feminine nounobject of στρέψαιστρέψαιto wheel backστρέφω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἐτόλμησεντὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of περόνησεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of περόνησεμενεχάρμηςbattle-eagerμενεχάρμης · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀντίλοχος - 397
struck him through the middle with the spear; nor did the bronze corselet
Metre
δουρὶμέσονπερόνησε‖τυχώνοὐδἤρκεσεθώρηξ
δουρὶwith spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περόνησεμέσονthrough the middleμέσος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementπερόνησεpiercedπερονάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτυχώνhittingτυγχάνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to περόνησεἤρκεσεwarded offἀρκέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθώρηξcorsletθώραξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤρκεσε - 398
he used to wear avail him, but he drove it into the middle of the belly.
Metre
χάλκεοςὃνφορέεσκε‖μέσῃἐνγαστέριπῆξεν
χάλκεοςbronzeχάλκεος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θώρηξὃνwhichὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of φορέεσκεφορέεσκεused to wearφορέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing θώρηξμέσῃin middleμέσος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαστέριδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionγαστέριbellyγαστήρ · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνπῆξενdroveπήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 399
Gasping, he fell from the well-made chariot,
Metre
αὐτὰρὃἀσθμαίνων‖εὐεργέοςἔκπεσεδίφρου
αὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔκπεσεἀσθμαίνωνgaspingἀσθμαίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔκπεσεεὐεργέοςwell-madeεὐεργής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies δίφρουἔκπεσεfell fromἐκπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδίφρουchariotδίφρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἔκπεσε - 400
and Antilochus, son of great-hearted Nestor,
Metre
ἵππουςἈντίλοχος‖μεγαθύμουΝέστοροςυἱὸς
ἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐξέλασεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξέλασεμεγαθύμουgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΝέστοροςΝέστοροςNestorΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀντίλοχος - 401
and drove them from the Trojans among the well-greaved Achaeans.
Metre
ἐξέλασεΤρώων‖μετἐϋκνήμιδαςἈχαιούς
ἐξέλασεdrove outἐξελαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΤρώωνfrom TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἐξέλασεμετamongμετά · prepositionprepositionἐϋκνήμιδαςwell-greavedἐυκνήμις · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἈχαιούςἈχαιούςAchaeansἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of μετ̓ - 402
Deiphobus came very near to Idomeneus,
Metre
Δηΐφοβοςδὲμάλα‖σχεδὸνἤλυθενἸδομενῆος
ΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleσχεδὸνnearσχεδόν · prepositionprepositionἤλυθενcameἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἸδομενῆοςto IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of σχεδὸν - 403
grieving for Asius, and cast with his bright spear.
Metre
Ἀσίουἀχνύμενος‖καὶἀκόντισεδουρὶφαεινῷ
Ἀσίουfor AsiusἌσιος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀχνύμενοςἀχνύμενοςgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤλυθενκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀκόντισεcastἀκοντίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀκόντισεφαεινῷbrightφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 404
But he, seeing it before him, avoided the bronze spear
Metre
ἀλλὃμὲνἄνταἰδὼν‖ἠλεύατοχάλκεονἔγχος
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies Ἰδομενεύςμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄνταbefore himἄντα · adverbobject of ἰδὼνἰδὼνseeingεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἠλεύατοἠλεύατοavoidedἀλέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἠλεύατο - 405
Idomeneus, hidden beneath his well-rounded shield,
Metre
Ἰδομενεύςκρύφθη‖γὰρὑπἀσπίδιπάντοσἐΐσῃ
ἸδομενεύςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠλεύατοκρύφθηhidκρύπτω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἀσπίδιbeneath shieldἀσπίς · dative singular feminine nounobject of ὑπ̓πάντοσall aroundπάντοσε · adverbadverbial to ἐΐσῃἐΐσῃroundedἴσος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδι - 406
which he used to wear, wrought from ox-hides and gleaming bronze,
τὴνwhichὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of φορέεσκεἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of φορέεσκεγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleῥινοῖσιwith hidesῥινόν · dative plural neuter nounobject of καὶβοῶνof oxenβοῦς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ῥινοῖσικαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordνώροπιgleamingνῶροψ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 407
double-curved, fastened to two bars.
Metre
δινωτὴνφορέεσκε‖δύωκανόνεσσἀραρυῖαν
δινωτὴνdouble-curvedδινωτός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ,φορέεσκεused to wearφορέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀσπίδιδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies κανόνεσσ̓κανόνεσσcrossbarsκανών · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἀραρυῖανἀραρυῖανfitted fastἀραρίσκω · perfect active participle, accusative singular femininemodifies , - 408
Under it he shrank wholly, and the bronze spear flew over.
Metre
τῇὕποπᾶςἐάλη‖τὸὑπέρπτατοχάλκεονἔγχος
τῇunder itὁ · dative singular feminine pronounobject of ὕποὕποunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionπᾶςwhollyπᾶς · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐάληcrouchedεἴλω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτὸitὁ · nominative singular neuter articlemodifies ἔγχοςδandδέ · particlesentence particleὑπέρπτατοflew overὑπερπέτομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ὑπέρπτατο - 409
And his shield rang dryly as the spear sped upon it;
Metre
καρφαλέονδέοἱἀσπὶς‖ἐπιθρέξαντοςἄϋσεν
καρφαλέονdrylyκαρφαλέος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἄϋσενδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἀσπὶςἀσπὶςshieldἀσπίς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἄϋσενἐπιθρέξαντοςof the spearἐπιτρέχω · aorist active participle, genitive singular neuteradverbial to ἄϋσενἄϋσενrangαὔω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 410
nor yet did he cast from his heavy hand in vain,
Metre
ἔγχεοςοὐδἅλιόν‖ῥαβαρείηςχειρὸςἀφῆκεν
ἔγχεοςof spearἔγχος · genitive singular neuter nounsubject of ἐπιθρέξαντοςἅλιόνin vainἅλιος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀφῆκενῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleβαρείηςheavyβαρύς · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies χειρὸςχειρὸςhandχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀφῆκενἀφῆκενsentἀφίημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 411
but struck Hypsenor, son of Hippasus, shepherd of the people,
Metre
ἀλλἔβαλἹππασίδην‖Ὑψήνοραποιμέναλαῶν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleἔβαλstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἹππασίδηνHippasus sonἹππασίδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ὙψήνοραὙψήνοραHypsenorὙψήνωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔβαλ̓ποιμέναshepherdποιμήν · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ὑψήνοραλαῶνof peopleλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ποιμένα - 412
in the liver beneath the midriff, and straightway loosed his knees.
Metre
ἧπαρὑπὸπραπίδων‖εἶθαρὑπὸγούνατἔλυσε
ἧπαρliverἧπαρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔβαλ̓ὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionπραπίδωνbeneath midriffπραπίδες · genitive plural feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὸεἶθαρstraightwayεἶθαρ · adverbadverbial to ἔλυσεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionemphasizing particleγούνατkneesγόνυ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔλυσεἔλυσεloosedλύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 413
Deiphobus boasted terribly, crying aloud:
ΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπεύξατοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔκπαγλονterriblyἔκπαγλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπεύξατοἐπεύξατοboastedἐπεύχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμακρὸνloudμακρός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀΰσαςἀΰσαςcrying outαὔω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐπεύξατο - 414
"No, Asius does not lie here unavenged, but I say
Metre
οὐμὰναὖτἄτιτος‖κεῖτἌσιοςἀλλάἕφημι
οὐnoοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὰνsurelyμήν · particlesentence particleαὖτin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleἄτιτοςunavengedἄτιτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκεῖτlies hereκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἌσιοςAsiusἌσιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κεῖτ̓ἀλλάbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἕhimἕ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of γηθήσεινφημιI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 415
that even as he goes to the house of Hades, keeper of the gate,
Metre
εἰςἌϊδόςπερἰόντα‖πυλάρταοκρατεροῖο
εἰςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἌϊδόςHadesΑἵδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifiesπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἰόνταgoingεἶμι · present active participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to γηθήσεινπυλάρταοgate-keeperπυλάρτης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἄϊδόςκρατεροῖοmightyκρατερός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πυλάρταο - 416
he will rejoice in heart, since I have given him an escort."
Metre
γηθήσεινκατὰθυμόν‖ἐπείῥάοἱὤπασαπομπόν
γηθήσεινwill rejoiceγηθέω · future active infinitiveobject of φημικατὰinκατά · prepositionprepositionθυμόνin heartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to κατὰἐπείsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ὤπασαὤπασαI gaveὀπάζω · aorist active indicative, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἐπείπομπόνescortπομπός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὤπασα - 417
So he spoke, and grief came upon the Argives at his boasting,
Metre
ὣςἔφατἈργείοισι‖ἄχοςγένετεὐξαμένοιο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφατ̓ἔφατhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈργείοισιto ArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to γένετ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἄχοςgriefἄχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of γένετ̓γένετcameγίγνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεὐξαμένοιοat his boastingεὔχομαι · aorist middle participle, genitive singular masculineadverbial to γένετ̓ - 418
and it stirred most of all the heart of warlike Antilochus.
Metre
Ἀντιλόχῳδὲμάλιστα‖δαΐφρονιθυμὸνὄρινεν
ἈντιλόχῳAntilochus̓ἀντίλοχος · dative singular masculine nounmodifies θυμὸνδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάλισταmost of allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to ὄρινενδαΐφρονιwarlikeδαίφρων · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀντιλόχῳθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὄρινενὄρινενstirredὀρίνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 419
Yet though grieved, he did not neglect his companion,
Metre
ἀλλοὐδἀχνύμενός‖περἑοῦἀμέλησενἑταίρου
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleἀχνύμενόςgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀμέλησενπερevenπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἑοῦhis ownἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταίρουἀμέλησενneglectedἀμελέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἑταίρουcompanionἑταῖρος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀμέλησεν - 420
but ran to stand over him and covered him with his shield.
Metre
ἀλλὰθέωνπερίβη‖καίοἱσάκοςἀμφεκάλυψε
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordθέωνrunningθέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to περίβηπερίβηstood overπεριβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφεκάλυψεσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀμφεκάλυψεἀμφεκάλυψεcovered overἀμφικαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 421
Then two loyal companions stooped and took him up,
Metre
τὸνμὲνἔπειθὑποδύντε‖δύωἐρίηρεςἑταῖροι
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of φερέτηνμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔπειθthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to φερέτηνὑποδύντεstooping underὑποδύομαι · aorist active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to φερέτηνδύωtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ἑταῖροιἐρίηρεςloyalἐρίηρος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταῖροιἑταῖροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject - 422
Mecisteus, son of Echius, and godlike Alastor,
Metre
ΜηκιστεὺςἘχίοιο‖πάϊςκαὶδῖοςἈλάστωρ
ΜηκιστεὺςMecisteusΜηκιστεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶἘχίοιοof EchiusἘχίος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πάϊςπάϊςsonπαῖς · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μηκιστεὺςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordδῖοςgodlikeδῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈλάστωρἈλάστωρAlastorἈλάστωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 423
and bore him to the hollow ships, groaning heavily.
Metre
νῆαςἔπιγλαφυρὰς‖φερέτηνβαρέαστενάχοντα
νῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἔπιἔπιtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionγλαφυρὰςhollowγλαφυρός · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νῆαςφερέτηνwere carryingφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbβαρέαheavilyβαρύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to στενάχονταστενάχονταgroaningστενάχω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 424
But Idomeneus did not cease from his great strength, and always desired
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςοὐλῆγε‖μένοςμέγαἵετοαἰεὶ
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleλῆγεceasedλήγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμένοςhis forceμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of λῆγεμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies μένοςἵετοpressed onἵημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἵετο - 425
either to cover some Trojan with murky night
Metre
ἠέτιναΤρώων‖ἐρεβεννῇνυκτὶκαλύψαι
ἠέeitherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτιναsome oneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of καλύψαιΤρώωνof the TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τιναἐρεβεννῇmurkyἐρεβεννός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νυκτὶνυκτὶwith nightνύξ · dative singular feminine nounobject of καλύψαικαλύψαιto coverκαλύπτω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἢ - 426
or himself to fall warding ruin from the Achaeans.
Metre
ἢαὐτὸςδουπῆσαι‖ἀμύνωνλοιγὸνἈχαιοῖς
ἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδουπῆσαιto fallδουπέω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἢἀμύνωνwarding offἀμύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δουπῆσαιλοιγὸνruinλοιγός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀμύνωνἈχαιοῖςfrom the AchaeansἈχαιός · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἀμύνων - 427
There he struck the dear son of Zeus-nurtured Aisyetes,
Metre
ἔνθΑἰσυήταο‖διοτρεφέοςφίλονυἱὸν
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbialΑἰσυήταοof AisyetesΑἰσυήτης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸνδιοτρεφέοςZeus-nurturedΔιοτρεφής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἰσυήταοφίλονdearφίλος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱὸνυἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀλκάθοον - 428
the hero Alcathous, who was the son-in-law of Anchises,
ἥρωheroἥρως · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈλκάθοονἈλκάθοονAlcathousἈλκάθοος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectγαμβρὸςson-in-lawγαμβρός · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounδandδέ · particlesentence particleἦνwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓Ἀγχίσαοof AnchisesἈγχίσης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies γαμβρὸς - 429
and had married Hippodameia, eldest of his daughters,
Metre
πρεσβυτάτηνὤπυιε‖θυγατρῶνἹπποδάμειαν
πρεσβυτάτηνeldestπρέσβυς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἱπποδάμειανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὤπυιεhad marriedὀπυίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓θυγατρῶνof the daughtersθυγάτηρ · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies πρεσβυτάτηνἹπποδάμειανHippodameiaἹπποδάμεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ὤπυιε - 430
whom her father and queenly mother loved from the heart
Metre
τὴνπερὶκῆριφίλησε‖πατὴρκαὶπότνιαμήτηρ
τὴνherὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of φίλησεπερὶinπερί · prepositionprepositionκῆριtheir heartsκῆρ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶφίλησεlovedφιλέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἱπποδάμειανπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordπότνιαqueenlyπότνια · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μήτηρμήτηρmotherμήτηρ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶ - 431
in their halls, for she surpassed all of her own age
Metre
ἐνμεγάρῳπᾶσαν‖γὰρὁμηλικίηνἐκέκαστο
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionμεγάρῳthe hallμέγαρον · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐνπᾶσανallπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὁμηλικίηνγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὁμηλικίηνher peersὁμηλικία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐκέκαστοἐκέκαστοsurpassedκαίνυμαι · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 432
in beauty and in skill and in mind; therefore also
Metre
κάλλεϊκαὶἔργοισιν‖ἰδὲφρεσίτοὔνεκακαίμιν
κάλλεϊin beautyκάλλος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἰδὲκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἔργοισινin skillἔργον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἰδὲἰδὲandἰδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordφρεσίin judgmentφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἰδὲτοὔνεκαthereforeτοὔνεκα · adverbadverbial to γῆμενκαίindeedκαί · adverbemphasizing particleμινherμιν · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of γῆμεν - 433
the best man in broad Troy had married her.
Metre
γῆμενἀνὴρὤριστος‖ἐνὶΤροίῃεὐρείῃ
γῆμενmarriedγαμέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀνὴρa manἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γῆμενὤριστοςbestἄριστος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionΤροίῃTroyτροία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὶεὐρείῃbroadεὐρύς · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Τροίῃ - 434
Him there beneath Idomeneus Poseidon mastered,
Metre
τὸντόθὑπἸδομενῆϊ‖Ποσειδάωνἐδάμασσε
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐδάμασσετόθthereτότε · adverbadverbial to ἐδάμασσεὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἸδομενῆϊIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπ̓ΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲἐδάμασσεmasteredδαμάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 435
enchanting his shining eyes, and binding his bright limbs.
Metre
θέλξαςὄσσεφαεινά‖πέδησεδὲφαίδιμαγυῖα
θέλξαςbewitchingθέλγω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐδάμασσεὄσσεeyesὄσσε · accusative plural neuter nounobject of θέλξαςφαεινάbrightφαεινός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ὄσσεπέδησεbound fastπεδάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordφαίδιμαsplendidφαίδιμος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies γυῖαγυῖαlimbsγυῖον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of πέδησε - 436
For he could neither flee backward nor avoid the blow,
Metre
οὔτεγὰρἐξοπίσω‖φυγέεινδύνατοὔτἀλέασθαι
οὔneitherοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτεforτε · particlesentence particleγὰρindeedγάρ · particlesentence particleἐξοπίσωbackwardἐξοπίσω · adverbobject of φυγέεινφυγέεινto fleeφεύγω · aorist active infinitiveobject of τ̓δύνατcouldδύναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοὔnorοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτnorτε · particlecoordinating wordἀλέασθαιto avoidἀλέω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of τ̓ - 437
but standing still like a pillar or high-leafed tree,
Metre
ἀλλὥςτεστήλην‖ἢδένδρεονὑψιπέτηλον
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὥςlikeὡς · adverbadverbialτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleστήληνa pillarστήλη · accusative singular feminine nounsubject of ἢἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordδένδρεονa treeδένδρεον · accusative singular neuter nounsubject of ἢὑψιπέτηλονhigh-leafedὑψιπέτηλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δένδρεον - 438
the hero Idomeneus struck him in the middle of the chest with the spear
Metre
ἀτρέμαςἑσταότα‖στῆθοςμέσονοὔτασεδουρὶ
ἀτρέμαςmotionlessἀτρέμας · adverbadverbial to ἑσταόταἑσταόταstandingἵστημι · perfect active participle, accusative singular masculineobject of οὔτασεστῆθοςchestστῆθος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οὔτασεμέσονmiddleμέσος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies στῆθοςοὔτασεstabbedοὐτάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to οὔτασε - 439
and shattered the bronze corselet about him,
Metre
ἥρωςἸδομενεύς‖ῥῆξενδέοἱἀμφὶχιτῶνα
ἥρωςthe heroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ἸδομενεύςἸδομενεύςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of οὔτασεῥῆξενshatteredῥήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱaround himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies χιτῶναἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · adverbadverbial to ῥῆξενχιτῶναcorsletχιτών · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ῥῆξεν - 440
which before had warded ruin from his flesh;
χάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χιτῶναὅςwhichὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἤρκειοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies χροὸςπρόσθενbeforeπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to ἤρκειἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionχροὸςhis fleshχρώς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀπὸἤρκειkept offἀρκέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χιτῶναὄλεθρονdestructionὄλεθρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἤρκει - 441
then at last it rang terribly as he leaned upon the spear.
Metre
δὴτότεαὖονἄϋσεν‖ἐρεικόμενοςπερὶδουρί
δὴthenδή · particlesentence particleτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to ἄϋσενγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleαὖονharshlyαὖος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἄϋσενἄϋσενrang outαὔω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐρεικόμενοςleaningἐρέικω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἄϋσενπερὶonπερί · prepositionprepositionδουρίthe spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶ - 442
He fell with a thud, and the spear was fixed in his heart,
Metre
δούπησενδὲπεσών‖δόρυἐνκραδίῃἐπεπήγει
δούπησενfell heavilyδουπέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπεσώνfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δούπησενδόρυthe spearδόρυ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐπεπήγειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκραδίῃhis heartκαρδία · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐνἐπεπήγειwas plantedπήγνυμι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 443
which beating made the butt-shaft quiver,
Metre
ἥῥάοἱἀσπαίρουσα‖καὶοὐρίαχονπελέμιζεν
ἥwhichὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of πελέμιζενῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to πελέμιζενἀσπαίρουσαthrobbingἀσπαίρω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to πελέμιζενκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleοὐρίαχονthe butt-endοὐρίαχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of πελέμιζενπελέμιζενkept shakingπελεμίζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing κραδίῃ - 444
and there at last mighty Ares loosed its force.
Metre
ἔγχεοςἔνθαἔπειτ‖ἀφίειμένοςὄβριμοςἌρης
ἔγχεοςof the spearἔγχος · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies οὐρίαχονἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἀφίειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπειτthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἀφίειἀφίειreleasedἀφίημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμένοςits forceμένος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀφίειὄβριμοςmightyὄβριμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἌρηςἌρηςAresἌρης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀφίει - 445
Idomeneus boasted terribly, crying aloud:
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςἔκπαγλον‖ἐπεύξατομακρὸνἀΰσας
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπεύξατοδthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔκπαγλονwildlyἔκπαγλος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπεύξατοἐπεύξατοboastedἐπεύχομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμακρὸνloudlyμακρός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀΰσαςἀΰσαςshoutingαὔω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐπεύξατο - 446
"Deiphobus, do we seem at all to have paid you fairly
Metre
Δηΐφοβἦἄραδή‖τιἐΐσκομενἄξιονεἶναι
ΔηΐφοβDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἦreallyἦ · adverbsentence particleἄραreallyἄρα · particlesentence particleδήnowδή · particlesentence particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to εἶναιἐΐσκομενdo we seemἐίσκω · present active indicative, 1st plural verbobject of ἀΰσαςἄξιονfair paymentἄξιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivepredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of ἐΐσκομεν - 447
three for one? Since you boast like that.
Metre
τρεῖςἑνὸςἀντὶπεφάσθαι‖ἐπεὶσύπερεὔχεαιοὕτω
τρεῖςthree menτρεῖς · numeralobject of πεφάσθαιἑνὸςfor oneεἵς · genitive singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἀντὶἀντὶforἀντί · prepositionprepositionπεφάσθαιto have slainθείνω · perfect medio-passive infinitivesubject of εἶναιἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionσύyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εὔχεαιπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleεὔχεαιboastεὔχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶοὕτωsoοὕτως · adverbadverbial to εὔχεαι - 448
Strange man, come, stand and face me yourself,
Metre
δαιμόνιἀλλὰκαὶαὐτὸς‖ἐναντίονἵστασἐμεῖο
δαιμόνιstrange manδαιμόνιος · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headἀλλὰcomeἀλλά · adverbsentence particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleαὐτὸςyourselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐναντίονoppositeἐναντίον · adverbprepositionἵστασstandἵστημι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἐμεῖοmeἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐναντίον - 449
so that you may see what sort of son of Zeus I am who have come here,
ὄφραso thatὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἴδῃyou may seeεἶδον · aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ὄφραοἷοςwhat sort ofοἷος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies γόνοςΖηνὸςof ZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies γόνοςγόνοςoffspringγόνος · nominative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complementἐνθάδhereἐνθάδε · adverbobject of ἱκάνωἱκάνωI have comeἱκάνω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbobject of ἴδῃ - 450
he who first begot Minos, guardian of Crete,
Metre
ὃςπρῶτονΜίνωα‖τέκεΚρήτῃἐπίουρον
ὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of τέκεπρῶτονfirstπρότερος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to τέκεΜίνωαMinosΜίνως · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τέκετέκεbegotτίκτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ΖηνὸςΚρήτῃfor CreteΚρήτη · dative singular feminine nounmodifies ἐπίουρονἐπίουρονguardianἐπίουρος · accusative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complement - 451
and Minos begot a blameless son, Deucalion,
Metre
Μίνωςαὖτέκεθυἱὸν‖ἀμύμοναΔευκαλίωνα
ΜίνωςMinosΜίνως · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τέκεθ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleαὖin turnαὖ · adverbadverbial to τέκεθ̓τέκεθbegotτίκτω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbυἱὸνa sonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Δευκαλίωναἀμύμοναblamelessἀμύμων · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΔευκαλίωναΔευκαλίωναDeucalionΔευκαλίων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τέκεθ̓ - 452
and Deucalion begot me, lord over many men
Metre
Δευκαλίωνἐμὲτίκτε‖πολέσσἄνδρεσσινἄνακτα
ΔευκαλίωνDeucalionΔευκαλίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τίκτεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τίκτετίκτεbegotτίκτω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολέσσover manyπολύς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἄνδρεσσινἄνδρεσσινmenἀνήρ · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἄνακταἄνακταlordἄναξ · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἐμὲ - 453
in broad Crete; and now ships have brought me here
Metre
Κρήτῃἐνεὐρείῃ‖νῦνἐνθάδενῆεςἔνεικαν
Κρήτῃin CreteΚρήτη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionεὐρείῃbroadεὐρύς · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Κρήτῃνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἔνεικανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνθάδεhereἐνθάδε · adverbobject of ἔνεικαννῆεςshipsναῦς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔνεικανἔνεικανbroughtφέρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 454
for evil to you and your father and the other Trojans."
σοίto youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκακὸνevilκακός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἔνεικανκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleπατρὶyour fatherπατήρ · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄλλοισιthe otherἄλλος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ΤρώεσσινΤρώεσσινTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to καὶ - 455
So he spoke, and Deiphobus pondered two ways within himself,
Metre
ὣςφάτοΔηΐφοβος‖δὲδιάνδιχαμερμήριξεν
ὣςthusὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μερμήριξενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordδιάνδιχαbetween two choicesδιάνδιχα · adverbadverbial to μερμήριξενμερμήριξενponderedμερμηρίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 456
whether he should seek out one of the great-hearted Trojans
ἤwhetherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτινάsomeoneτις · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἑταρίσσαιτοπουperhapsπού · adverbadverbial to ἑταρίσσαιτοΤρώωνof the TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τινάἑταρίσσαιτοshould seek outἑταιρίζω · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbobject of ἦμεγαθύμωνgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρώων - 457
after drawing back, or should test him alone.
Metre
ἂψἀναχωρήσας‖ἦπειρήσαιτοκαὶοἶος
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of ἀναχωρήσαςἀναχωρήσαςdrawing offἀναχωρέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἑταρίσσαιτοἦorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπειρήσαιτοshould testπειράω · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbobject of ἦκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleοἶοςaloneοἶος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 458
As he thought on this, it seemed better to him
Metre
ὧδεδέοἱφρονέοντι‖δοάσσατοκέρδιονεἶναι
ὧδεthusὧδε · adverbadverbial to δοάσσατοδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to δοάσσατοφρονέοντιthinkingφρονέω · present active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complementδοάσσατοit seemedδοάσσατο · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκέρδιονbetterκερδίων · nominative singular neuter comparative adjectivepredicate nounεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of δοάσσατο - 459
to go to Aeneas; and him he found at the rear of the throng,
βῆναιto goβαίνω · aorist active infinitivesubject of δοάσσατοἐπtoἐπί · prepositionprepositionΑἰνείανAeneasΑἰνείας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπ̓τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of εὗρενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὕστατονat the rearὕστερος · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementεὗρενfoundεὑρίσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὁμίλουof the throngὅμιλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ὕστατον - 460
standing there; for he was always angry with godlike Priam
Metre
ἑσταόταἰεὶγὰρ‖Πριάμῳἐπεμήνιεδίῳ
ἑσταότstandingἵστημι · perfect active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementαἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἐπεμήνιεγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleΠριάμῳwith PriamΠρίαμος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπεμήνιεἐπεμήνιεwas angryἐπιμηνίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδίῳgodlikeδῖος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Πριάμῳ - 461
because though he was noble among men, he gave him no honor at all.
Metre
οὕνεκἄρἐσθλὸνἐόντα‖μετἀνδράσινοὔτιτίεσκεν
οὕνεκbecauseοὕνεκα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἄρindeedἄρα · particlesentence particleἐσθλὸνnobleἐσθλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐόνταbeingεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμετamongμετά · prepositionprepositionἀνδράσινmenἀνήρ · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετ̓οὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to τίεσκεντίεσκενhe honoredτίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to οὕνεκ̓ - 462
Standing close beside him, he addressed him with winged words:
ἀγχοῦnearbyἀγχοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἱστάμενοςδandδέ · particlesentence particleἱστάμενοςstandingἵστημι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαaddressedπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 463
"Aeneas, counselor of the bronze-clad Trojans, now it is very needful for you
Metre
ΑἰνείαΤρώων‖βουληφόρενῦνσεμάλαχρὴ
ΑἰνείαAeneasΑἰνείας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headΤρώωνof the TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies βουληφόρεβουληφόρεcounselorβουληφόρος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἰνείανῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to χρὴσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἀμυνέμεναιμάλαvery muchμάλα · adverbadverbial to χρὴχρὴit is necessaryχρή · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 464
to defend your brother by marriage, if indeed any care for kin reaches you.
Metre
γαμβρῷἀμυνέμεναι‖εἴπέρτίσεκῆδοςἱκάνει
γαμβρῷyour brother-in-lawγαμβρός · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἀμυνέμεναιἀμυνέμεναιto defendἀμύνω · present active infinitivesubject of χρὴεἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπέρindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleτίanyτις · nominative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἱκάνεισεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἱκάνεικῆδοςkinship concernκῆδος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἱκάνειἱκάνειreachesἱκάνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἴ - 465
Come then, let us go help Alcathous, who once before
Metre
ἀλλἕπευἈλκαθόῳ‖ἐπαμύνομενὅςσεπάροςγε
ἀλλcomeἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἕπευfollowἕπομαι · present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἈλκαθόῳAlcathousἈλκάθοος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπαμύνομενἐπαμύνομενlet us helpἐπαμύνω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbmain verbὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔθρεψεσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔθρεψεπάροςbeforeπάρος · adverbadverbial to ἔθρεψεγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particle - 466
being your brother by marriage reared you in his halls when you were little.
Metre
γαμβρὸςἐὼνἔθρεψε‖δόμοιςἔνιτυτθὸνἐόντα
γαμβρὸςbrother-in-lawγαμβρός · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounἐὼνbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔθρεψεἔθρεψεrearedτρέφω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἀλκαθόῳδόμοιςin the hallsδόμος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἔνιἔνιinἐν · prepositionprepositionτυτθὸνlittleτυτθός · accusative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐόνταbeingεἰμί · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 467
Him has Idomeneus, famed with the spear, killed and stripped."
Metre
τὸνδέτοιἸδομενεὺς‖δουρικλυτὸςἐξενάριξεν
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐξενάριξενδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιindeedτοι · particlesentence particleἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξενάριξενδουρικλυτὸςspear-famedδουρικλειτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰδομενεὺςἐξενάριξενhas strippedἐξεναρίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 468
So he spoke, and stirred the spirit within his breast;
Metre
ὣςφάτοτῷἄραθυμὸν‖ἐνὶστήθεσσινὄρινε
ὣςthusὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτῷin himὁ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ὄρινεδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleθυμὸνspiritθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὄρινεἐνὶwithinἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσινhis breastστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounmodifies ἐνὶὄρινεstirredὀρίνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 469
and went after Idomeneus, greatly intent on war.
Metre
βῆδὲμετἸδομενῆα‖μέγαπτολέμοιομεμηλώς
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμετafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἸδομενῆαIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μετ̓μέγαgreatlyμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to μεμηλώςπτολέμοιοfor warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεμηλώςμεμηλώςintentμέλω · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆ - 470
But fear did not take Idomeneus as it would some tender youth;
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἸδομενῆαIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of λάβεφόβοςfearφόβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of λάβελάβεseizedλαμβάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτηλύγετονa tender youthτηλύγετος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobjectὥςasὡς · adverbadverbial - 471
he stood fast as a boar in the mountains, trusting in its strength,
Metre
ἀλλἔμενὡςὅτετις‖σῦςοὔρεσινἀλκὶπεποιθώς
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔμενstood fastμένω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὡςlikeὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbialτιςsomeτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies σῦςσῦςboarὗς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectοὔρεσινin the mountainsὄρος · dative plural neuter nounadverbialἀλκὶin strengthἀλκί · dative singular feminine nounobject of πεποιθώςπεποιθώςtrustingπείθω · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial - 472
one that waits for the great crowd of men coming on
Metre
ὅςτεμένεικολοσυρτὸν‖ἐπερχόμενονπολὺνἀνδρῶν
ὅςwhichὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δέτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleμένειwaitsμένω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δέκολοσυρτὸνfor the onrushκολοσυρτός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μένειἐπερχόμενονcoming onἐπέρχομαι · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies κολοσυρτὸνπολὺνgreatπολύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies κολοσυρτὸνἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies κολοσυρτὸν - 473
in a sheep-pasturing place; and the bristles rise high along its back.
Metre
χώρῳἐνοἰοπόλῳ‖φρίσσειδέτενῶτονὕπερθεν
χώρῳin a placeχῶρος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionοἰοπόλῳsheep-pasturingοἰοπόλος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χώρῳφρίσσειbristlesφρίσσω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δέδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleνῶτονbackνῶτον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of φρίσσειὕπερθενaboveὕπερθεν · adverbadverbial to φρίσσει - 474
His eyes flash with fire, and he whets
Metre
ὀφθαλμὼἄραοἱ‖πυρὶλάμπετοναὐτὰρὀδόντας
ὀφθαλμὼeyesὀφθαλμός · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of λάμπετονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὀφθαλμὼπυρὶwith fireπῦρ · dative singular neuter nounobject of λάμπετονλάμπετονflashλάμπω · present active indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbαὐτὰρand thenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὀδόνταςtusksὀδών · accusative plural masculine nounobject of θήγει - 475
his tusks, eager to ward off dogs and men.
Metre
θήγειἀλέξασθαι‖μεμαὼςκύναςἠδὲκαὶἄνδρας
θήγειhe whetsθήγω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀλέξασθαιto ward offἀλέξω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of μεμαὼςμεμαὼςeagerμέμαα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to θήγεικύναςdogsκύων · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἄνδραςmenἀνήρ · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἠδὲ - 476
So stood Idomeneus, famed with the spear, and did not give ground,
Metre
ὣςμένενἸδομενεὺς‖δουρικλυτόςοὐδὑπεχώρει
ὣςthusὡς · adverbadverbial to μένενμένενstoodμένω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δουρικλυτόςspear-famedδουρικλειτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰδομενεὺςὑπεχώρειgave groundὑποχωρέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 477
awaiting Aeneas as he came to help; and he called to his companions,
Metre
Αἰνείανἐπιόντα‖βοηθόοναὖεἑταίρους
ΑἰνείανAeneasΑἰνείας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μένενἐπιόνταcoming onἔπειμι · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementβοηθόονto helpβοηθόος · accusative singular masculine nouncircumstantial complementαὖεcalledαὔω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑταίρουςcompanionsἑταῖρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of αὖε - 478
looking at Ascalaphus and Aphareus and Deipyrus
ἈσκάλαφόνAscalaphusἈσκάλαφος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτandτε · particlesentence particleἐσορῶνlooking atεἰσοράω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to αὖεἈφαρῆάAphareusἈφαρεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleΔηΐπυρόνDeipyrusΔηίπυρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particle - 479
and Meriones and Antilochus, masters of the war-cry;
Metre
ΜηριόνηντεκαὶἈντίλοχον‖μήστωραςἀϋτῆς
ΜηριόνηνMerionesΜηριόνης · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈντίλοχονAntilochusἈντίλοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶμήστωραςmastersμήστωρ · accusative plural masculine nounmodifies καὶἀϋτῆςof the war-cryἀυτή · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies μήστωρας - 480
urging them on, he addressed them with winged words:
Metre
τοὺςὅἐποτρύνων‖ἔπεαπτερόενταπροσηύδα
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of προσηύδαγindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἐποτρύνωνurging onἐποτρύνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαaddressedπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 481
"Come, friends, help me, though I stand alone; and I fear greatly
δεῦτεcomeδεῦτε · adverbobjectφίλοιfriendsφίλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμmeἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμύνετεοἴῳaloneοἶος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies μ̓ἀμύνετεdefendἀμύνω · present active imperative, 2nd plural verbmain verbδείδιαI fearδείδω · perfect active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἰνῶςgreatlyαἰνός · adverbadverbial to δείδια - 482
Aeneas as he comes upon me, swift of foot, who is coming against me,
Metre
Αἰνείανἐπιόντα‖πόδαςταχύνὅςμοιἔπεισιν
ΑἰνείανAeneasαἰνείας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of δείδιαἐπιόνταcoming onἔπειμι · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementπόδαςin feetπούς · accusative plural masculine nounadverbial to ταχύνταχύνswiftταχύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἰνείανὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔπεισινμοιagainst meἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔπεισινἔπεισινcomesἔπειμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing , - 483
who is most mighty in battle to take the lives of men;
Metre
ὃςμάλακαρτερόςἐστι‖μάχῃἔνιφῶταςἐναίρειν
ὃςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐστιμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleκαρτερόςmightyκαρτερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐστιisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ,μάχῃin battleμάχη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔνιἔνιinἐν · prepositionprepositionφῶταςmenφώς · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἐναίρεινἐναίρεινto slayἐναίρω · present active infinitiveadverbial to ἐστι - 484
and he has the flower of youth, which is the greatest strength.
Metre
καὶἔχειἥβηςἄνθος‖ὅτεκράτοςἐστὶμέγιστον
καὶandκαί · adverbadverbial to ἔχειδheδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔχειhasἔχω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἥβηςof youthἥβη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἄνθοςἄνθοςflowerἄνθος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔχειὅwhichὅς · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of ἐστὶτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleκράτοςstrengthκράτος · nominative singular neuter nounpredicate nounἐστὶisεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἄνθοςμέγιστονgreatestμέγας · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κράτος - 485
If only we were of one age, with this spirit that is in me,
Metre
εἰγὰρὁμηλικίη‖γεγενοίμεθατῷδἐπὶθυμῷ
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionγὰρonlyγάρ · particlesentence particleὁμηλικίηsame ageὁμηλικία · nominative singular feminine nounpredicate nounγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleγενοίμεθαwe wereγίγνομαι · aorist middle optative, 1st plural verbadverbial to εἰτῷδwith thisὅδε · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμῷἐπὶinἐπί · prepositionprepositionθυμῷspiritθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 486
soon either he would carry off the great glory, or I would."
Metre
αἶψάκενἠὲφέροιτο‖μέγακράτοςἠὲφεροίμην
αἶψάsoonαἶψα · adverbadverbial to ἠὲκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἠὲeitherἠέ · conjunctionsentence particleφέροιτοwould carry offφέρω · present medio-passive optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμέγαgreatμέγας · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κράτοςκράτοςvictoryκράτος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of φέροιτοἠὲorἠέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordφεροίμηνI wouldφέρω · present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 487
So he spoke, and they all with one heart in their minds
Metre
ὣςἔφαθοἳἄραπάντες‖ἕναφρεσὶθυμὸνἔχοντες
ὣςthusὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔφαθ̓ἔφαθhe spokeφημί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἳtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔστησανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἕναoneεἷς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμὸνφρεσὶin their mindsφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἔχοντεςθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔχοντεςἔχοντεςhavingἔχω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔστησαν - 488
stood near him, leaning their shields upon their shoulders.
Metre
πλησίοιἔστησαν‖σάκεὤμοισικλίναντες
πλησίοιnearbyπλησίος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔστησανstoodἵστημι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσάκεshieldsσάκος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of κλίναντεςὤμοισιon shouldersὦμος · dative plural masculine nounobject of κλίναντεςκλίναντεςleaningκλίνω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἔστησαν - 489
Aeneas on his side called to his companions,
Metre
Αἰνείαςἑτέρωθεν‖ἐκέκλετοοἷςἑτάροισι
ΑἰνείαςAeneasΑἰνείας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐκέκλετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑτέρωθενfrom the other sideἑτέρωθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐκέκλετοἐκέκλετοcalledκέλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἷςhis ownἑός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἑτάροισιἑτάροισιcompanionsἑταῖρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἐκέκλετο - 490
looking toward Deiphobus and Paris and godlike Agenor,
Metre
ΔηΐφοβόντεΠάριν‖ἐσορῶνκαὶἈγήνοραδῖον
ΔηΐφοβόνDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleΠάρινParisΠάρις · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτandτε · particlesentence particleἐσορῶνlooking atεἰσοράω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐκέκλετοκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈγήνοραAgenorἈγήνωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶδῖονgodlikeδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀγήνορα - 491
who along with him were leaders of the Trojans; and then
Metre
οἵοἱἅμἡγεμόνες‖Τρώωνἔσαναὐτὰρἔπειτα
οἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔσανοἱwith himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἅμ̓ἅμwithἅμα · prepositionprepositionἡγεμόνεςleadersἡγεμών · nominative plural masculine nounpredicate nounΤρώωνof the TrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἡγεμόνεςἔσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing καὶαὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἔπειταafterwardἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἕπονθ̓ - 492
the people followed, as sheep follow a ram
Metre
λαοὶἕπονθὡςεἴ‖τεμετὰκτίλονἕσπετομῆλα
λαοὶthe peopleλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἕπονθ̓ἕπονθfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleεἴwhenεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleμετὰafterμετά · prepositionprepositionκτίλονa ramκτίλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of μετὰἕσπετοfollowἕπομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἴμῆλαsheepμῆλον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἕσπετο - 493
returning from pasture to drink, and the shepherd rejoices at heart;
Metre
πιόμενἐκβοτάνης‖γάνυταιἄρατεφρέναποιμήν
πιόμενto drinkπίνω · future middle participle, nominative plural neuteradverbial to ἕσπετοἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionβοτάνηςpastureβοτάνη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκγάνυταιrejoicesγάνυμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleφρέναat heartφρήν · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to γάνυταιποιμήνshepherdποιμήν · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γάνυται - 494
so the heart in Aeneas' breast rejoiced
Metre
ὣςΑἰνείᾳθυμὸς‖ἐνὶστήθεσσιγεγήθει
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to γεγήθειΑἰνείᾳin AeneasΑἰνείας · dative singular masculine nounmodifies θυμὸςθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γεγήθειἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσιhis breastστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐνὶγεγήθειrejoicedγηθέω · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 495
when he saw the host of men following after him.
ὡςwhenὡς · adverbadverbial to ἴδεἴδεhe sawεἶδον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to γεγήθειλαῶνof menλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςἔθνοςhostἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἴδεἐπισπόμενονfollowingἐφέπω · aorist middle participle, accusative singular neutercircumstantial complementἑοῖafter himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπισπόμενοναὐτῷhimselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 496
They rushed upon one another hand to hand around Alcathous
Metre
οἳἀμφἈλκαθόῳ‖αὐτοσχεδὸνὁρμήθησαν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὁρμήθησανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionἈλκαθόῳAlcathousἈλκάθοος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφ̓αὐτοσχεδὸνhand to handαὐτοσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ὁρμήθησανὁρμήθησανrushedὁρμάω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 497
with long spears; and about their chests the bronze
Metre
μακροῖσιξυστοῖσι‖περὶστήθεσσιδὲχαλκὸς
μακροῖσιwith longμακρός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ξυστοῖσιξυστοῖσιspearsξυστόν · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ὁρμήθησανπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσιtheir chestsστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to περὶδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordχαλκὸςbronzeχαλκός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κονάβιζε - 498
rang terribly as they took aim in the throng
Metre
σμερδαλέονκονάβιζε‖τιτυσκομένωνκαθὅμιλον
σμερδαλέονterriblyσμερδαλέος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to κονάβιζεκονάβιζεrangκοναβίζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτιτυσκομένωνaimingτιτύσκομαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural masculineadverbial to κονάβιζεκαθthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionὅμιλονthe throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to καθ̓ - 499
at one another; and two warriors, far beyond the others,
Metre
ἀλλήλωνδύοἄνδρες‖ἀρήϊοιἔξοχονἄλλων
ἀλλήλωνat each otherἀλλήλων · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of τιτυσκομένωνδύοtwoδύο · numeralmodifies ἄνδρεςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄνδρεςmenἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectἀρήϊοιwarriorsἄρειος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἄνδρεςἔξοχονfar beyondἔξοχος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἵεντ̓ἄλλωνthe othersἄλλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἔξοχον - 500
Aeneas and Idomeneus, peers of Ares,
Metre
ΑἰνείαςτεκαὶἸδομενεὺς‖ἀτάλαντοιἌρηϊ
ΑἰνείαςAeneasΑἰνείας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶἀτάλαντοιequalἀτάλαντος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶἌρηϊto AresἌρης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἀτάλαντοι - 501
kept longing to carve each other's flesh with pitiless bronze.
Metre
ἵεντἀλλήλων‖ταμέεινχρόανηλέϊχαλκῷ
ἵεντkept longingἵημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀλλήλωνeach other'sἀλλήλων · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies χρόαταμέεινto cutτέμνω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἵεντ̓χρόαfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ταμέειννηλέϊpitilessνηλής · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷwith bronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ταμέειν - 502
Aeneas first cast his spear at Idomeneus;
Metre
Αἰνείαςδὲπρῶτος‖ἀκόντισενἸδομενῆος
ΑἰνείαςAeneasΑἰνείας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀκόντισενδὲthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordπρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀκόντισενcastἀκοντίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἸδομενῆοςat IdomeneusἸδομενεύς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀκόντισεν - 503
But he, seeing it before him, avoided the bronze spear
Metre
ἀλλὃμὲνἄνταἰδὼν‖ἠλεύατοχάλκεονἔγχος
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἠλεύατομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄνταin frontἄντα · adverbobject of ἰδὼνἰδὼνseeingεἶδον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἠλεύατοἠλεύατοavoidedἀλέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἠλεύατο - 504
and the point of Aeneas, shaking, went down into the ground,
αἰχμὴpointαἰχμή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ᾤχετ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΑἰνείαοof AeneasΑἰνείας · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies αἰχμὴκραδαινομένηshakingκραδαίνω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ᾤχετ̓κατὰintoκατά · prepositionprepositionγαίηςthe groundγαῖα · genitive singular feminine nounobject of κατὰ - 505
since it had leapt in vain from his strong hand.
Metre
ᾤχετἐπείἅλιον‖στιβαρῆςἀπὸχειρὸςὄρουσεν
ᾤχετwentοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπείsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionῥindeedἆρα · particlesentence particleἅλιονin vainἅλιος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ὄρουσενστιβαρῆςstrongστιβαρός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies χειρὸςἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionχειρὸςhis handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀπὸὄρουσενit leaptὀρούω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεί - 506
Then Idomeneus struck Oenomaus in the middle of the belly,
Metre
ἸδομενεὺςἄραΟἰνόμαον‖βάλεγαστέραμέσσην
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of βάλεδthenδέ · particlesentence particleἄραindeedἄρα · particlesentence particleΟἰνόμαονOenomausΟἰνόμαος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βάλεβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγαστέραbellyγαστήρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βάλεμέσσηνmiddleμέσος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαστέρα - 507
and shattered the plate of his corselet, and the bronze
Metre
ῥῆξεδὲθώρηκος‖γύαλονδιὰἔντεραχαλκὸς
ῥῆξεshatteredῥήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleθώρηκοςof the corseletθώραξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies γύαλονγύαλονplateγύαλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ῥῆξεδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔντεραgutsἔντερον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἤφυσ̓χαλκὸςbronzeχαλκός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤφυσ̓ - 508
gushed through his guts; and he fell in the dust and clutched the ground with his hand.
Metre
ἤφυσὃἐνκονίῃσι‖πεσὼνἕλεγαῖανἀγοστῷ
ἤφυσgushedἀφύσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἕλεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσιthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπεσὼνfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλεἕλεclutchedαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἕλεἀγοστῷwith his handἀγοστός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἕλε - 509
Idomeneus drew from the corpse his long-shadowed spear,
Metre
Ἰδομενεὺςἐκμὲν‖νέκυοςδολιχόσκιονἔγχος
ἸδομενεὺςIdomeneusἸδομενεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleνέκυοςthe corpseνέκυς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκδολιχόσκιονlong-shadowedδολιχόσκιος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐσπάσατ̓ - 510
but could no longer strip the other fair armor
Metre
ἐσπάσατοὐδἄρἔτἄλλα‖δυνήσατοτεύχεακαλὰ
ἐσπάσατdrew outσπάω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἔτstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to δυνήσατοἄλλαthe otherἄλλος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεαδυνήσατοcouldδύναμαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεύχεαarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἀφελέσθαικαλὰfineκαλός · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τεύχεα - 511
from his shoulders; for he was pressed by darts.
Metre
ὤμοιινἀφελέσθαι‖ἐπείγετογὰρβελέεσσιν
ὤμοιινfrom his shouldersὦμος · genitive dual masculine nounobject of ἀφελέσθαιἀφελέσθαιto stripἀφαιρέω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of δυνήσατοἐπείγετοwas hard pressedἐπείγω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleβελέεσσινby missilesβέλος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐπείγετο - 512
For his limbs in his feet were no longer steady enough
Metre
οὐγὰρἔτἔμπεδαγυῖα‖ποδῶνἦνὁρμηθέντι
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔτstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to ἦνἔμπεδαsteadyἔμπεδος · nominative plural neuter adjectivepredicate nounγυῖαlimbsγυῖον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of ἦνποδῶνof his feetπούς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies γυῖαἦνwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὁρμηθέντιfor chargingὁρμάω · aorist passive participle, dative singular masculineadverbial to ἦν - 513
either to spring after a cast of his own or avoid a dart.
Metre
οὔτἄρἐπαΐξαι‖μεθἑὸνβέλοςοὔτἀλέασθαι
ἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐπαΐξαιto spring afterἐπαίσσω · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to ἦνμεθafterμετά · prepositionprepositionἑὸνhis ownἑός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of μεθ̓βέλοςmissileβέλος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀλέασθαιἀλέασθαιto avoidἀλέω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to τ̓ - 514
Therefore in the close fight he still held off the pitiless day,
Metre
τώῥακαὶἐνσταδίῃ‖μὲνἀμύνετονηλεὲςἦμαρ
τώthereforeτῷ · adverbsentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionσταδίῃclose fightσταδίη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀμύνετοheld offἀμύνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνηλεὲςpitilessνηλής · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἦμαρἦμαρdayἦμαρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀμύνετο - 515
but his feet could not swiftly carry him out of the war.
Metre
τρέσσαιοὐκἔτιῥίμφα‖πόδεςφέρονἐκπολέμοιο
τρέσσαιto fleeτρέω · aorist active infinitiveadverbial to φέρονδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἔτιstillἔτι · adverbadverbial to φέρονῥίμφαswiftlyῥίμφα · adverbadverbial to φέρονπόδεςfeetπούς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of φέρονφέρονcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐκout ofἐκ · prepositionprepositionπολέμοιοthe warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκ - 516
And as he went away on foot, Deiphobus cast at him
Metre
τοῦδὲβάδηνἀπιόντος‖ἀκόντισεδουρὶφαεινῷ
τοῦat himὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἀκόντισεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordβάδηνon footβάδην · adverbadverbial to ἀπιόντοςἀπιόντοςgoing awayἄπειμι · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἀκόντισεcastἀκοντίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith a spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀκόντισεφαεινῷbrightφαεινός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρὶ - 517
with his bright spear; for he always kept a steadfast anger against him.
Metre
Δηΐφοβοςδὴγάρ‖οἱἔχενκότονἐμμενὲςαἰεί
ΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηιφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀκόντισεδὴindeedδή · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱagainst himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔχενἔχενkeptἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκότονangerκότος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔχενἐμμενὲςsteadfastἐμμενής · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἔχεναἰείalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἐμμενὲς - 518
Yet he missed him there too, and struck Ascalaphus with his spear,
Metre
ἀλλὅγεκαὶτόθἅμαρτεν‖ὃἈσκάλαφονβάλεδουρὶ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἅμαρτενγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleτόθthereτόθι · adverbadverbial to ἅμαρτενἅμαρτενmissedἁμαρτάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of βάλεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἈσκάλαφονAscalaphusἈσκάλαφος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of βάλεβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith a spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to βάλε - 519
the son of Enyalios; and the mighty spear lodged through his shoulder.
Metre
υἱὸνἘνυαλίοιο‖διὤμουὄβριμονἔγχος
υἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἈσκάλαφονἘνυαλίοιοof EnyaliosἘνυάλιος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸνδιthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionὤμουthe shoulderὦμος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to δἰδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄβριμονmightyὄβριμος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔσχεν - 520
He fell in the dust and clutched the ground with his hand.
Metre
ἔσχενὃἐνκονίῃσι‖πεσὼνἕλεγαῖανἀγοστῷ
ἔσχενlodgedἔχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἕλεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσιthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνπεσὼνfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕλεἕλεclutchedαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἕλεἀγοστῷwith his handἀγοστός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἕλε - 521
And mighty Ares, insatiate of war, had not yet learned
Metre
οὐδἄραπώτιπέπυστο‖βριήπυοςὄβριμοςἌρης
ἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπώyetπω · particleadverbial to πέπυστοτιanythingτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to πέπυστοπέπυστοhad learnedπυνθάνομαι · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβριήπυοςstrong-voicedβριήπυος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἄρηςὄβριμοςmightyὄβριμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἌρηςἌρηςAresἌρης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of πέπυστο - 522
that his son had fallen in the strong encounter,
Metre
υἷοςἑοῖοπεσόντος‖ἐνὶκρατερῇὑσμίνῃ
υἷοςof his sonυἱός · genitive singular masculine nounobject of πέπυστοἑοῖοhis ownἑός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἷοςπεσόντοςhaving fallenπίπτω · aorist active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionκρατερῇstrongκρατερός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὑσμίνῃὑσμίνῃbattleὑσμίνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 523
but sat on high Olympus beneath the golden clouds,
Metre
ἀλλὅἄρἄκρῳὈλύμπῳ‖ὑπὸχρυσέοισινέφεσσιν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἧστογindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἄκρῳon highἄκρος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈλύμπῳὈλύμπῳOlympusὌλυμπος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἧστοὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionχρυσέοισιgoldenχρύσεος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies νέφεσσιννέφεσσινcloudsνέφος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ὑπὸ - 524
hemmed in by the counsels of Zeus, where the other
Metre
ἧστοΔιὸςβουλῇσιν‖ἐελμένοςἔνθάπερἄλλοι
ἧστοsatἧμαι · pluperfect middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΔιὸςby Zeus'sΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βουλῇσινβουλῇσινplansβουλή · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐελμένοςἐελμένοςhemmed inεἴλω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἧστοἔνθάwhereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἦσανπερindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἄλλοιotherἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies θεοὶ - 525
immortal gods were also kept from war.
Metre
ἀθάνατοιθεοὶἦσαν‖ἐεργόμενοιπολέμοιο
ἀθάνατοιimmortalἀθάνατος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies θεοὶθεοὶgodsθεός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἦσανἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing Ὀλύμπῳἐεργόμενοιheld backἔργω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἦσανπολέμοιοfrom warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐεργόμενοι - 526
But they rushed close together around Ascalaphus.
Metre
οἳἀμφἈσκαλάφῳ‖αὐτοσχεδὸνὁρμήθησαν
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ὁρμήθησανδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionἈσκαλάφῳAscalaphusἈσκάλαφος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφ̓αὐτοσχεδὸνclose togetherαὐτοσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ὁρμήθησανὁρμήθησανrushedὁρμέω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 527
Deiphobus snatched from Ascalaphus the shining helmet,
Metre
ΔηΐφοβοςμὲνἀπἈσκαλάφου‖πήληκαφαεινὴν
ΔηΐφοβοςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἥρπασεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionἈσκαλάφουAscalaphusἈσκάλαφος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀπ̓πήληκαhelmetπήληξ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἥρπασεφαεινὴνshiningφαεινός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πήληκα - 528
but Meriones, swift as Ares, leapt in
Metre
ἥρπασεΜηριόνης‖δὲθοῷἀτάλαντοςἌρηϊ
ἥρπασεsnatchedἁρπάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τύψενδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleθοῷswiftθοός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἄρηϊἀτάλαντοςequalἀτάλαντος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜηριόνηςἌρηϊto AresἌρης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἀτάλαντος - 529
and struck his arm with the spear as he sprang, and from his hand
δουρὶwith a spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to τύψενβραχίοναarmβραχίων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τύψεντύψενstruckτύφω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπάλμενοςspringing onἐφάλλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τύψενἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleχειρὸςhis handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκ - 530
the visored helmet fell to the ground with a clang.
Metre
αὐλῶπιςτρυφάλεια‖χαμαὶβόμβησεπεσοῦσα
αὐλῶπιςvisoredαὐλῶπις · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies τρυφάλειατρυφάλειαhelmetτρυφάλεια · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of βόμβησεχαμαὶto the groundχαμαί · adverbobject of πεσοῦσαβόμβησεclangedβομβέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπεσοῦσαfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to βόμβησε - 531
Then Meriones, springing upon him again like a vulture,
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓δthenδέ · particlesentence particleἐξagainἐκ · prepositionprepositionαὖτιςbackαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἐπάλμενοςἐπάλμενοςspringing onἐφάλλομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐξέρυσεαἰγυπιὸςvultureαἰγυπιός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὣςlikeὡς · adverbadverbial - 532
tore the mighty spear out of the base of his arm,
Metre
ἐξέρυσεπρυμνοῖο‖βραχίονοςὄβριμονἔγχος
ἐξέρυσεtore outἐξερύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπρυμνοῖοfrom the baseπρυμνός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies βραχίονοςβραχίονοςof his armβραχίων · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐξὄβριμονmightyὄβριμος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐξέρυσε - 533
and drew back into the throng of his companions. But Polites,
Metre
ἂψἑτάρωνεἰςἔθνος‖ἐχάζετοτὸνδὲΠολίτης
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of ἐχάζετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑτάρωνof companionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςεἰςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἔθνοςthe throngἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἰςἐχάζετοdrew backχάζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐξῆγενδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠολίτηςPolitesΠολίτης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξῆγεν - 534
his own brother, stretching both arms about his waist,
Metre
αὐτοκασίγνητος‖περὶμέσσῳχεῖρετιτήνας
αὐτοκασίγνητοςown brotherαὐτοκασίγνητος · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Πολίτηςπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionμέσσῳthe waistμέσος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of περὶχεῖρεboth handsχείρ · accusative dual feminine nounobject of τιτήναςτιτήναςstretchingτιταίνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐξῆγεν - 535
led him out of the loud battle, until he came to the horses
Metre
ἐξῆγενπολέμοιο‖δυσηχέοςὄφρἵκεθἵππους
ἐξῆγενled outἐξάγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολέμοιοfrom battleπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐξῆγενδυσηχέοςloud-roaringδυσηχής · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πολέμοιοὄφρuntilὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἵκεθhe reachedἱκνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὄφῤἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἵκεθ̓ - 536
swift horses, which behind the battle and the fighting
Metre
ὠκέαςοἵοἱὄπισθε‖μάχηςἠδὲπτολέμοιο
ὠκέαςswiftὠκύς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἵππουςοἵwhichὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἕστασανοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἕστασανὄπισθεbehindὄπισθεν · prepositionprepositionμάχηςbattleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordπτολέμοιοfightingπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἠδὲ - 537
stood with their charioteer and ornate chariot;
Metre
ἕστασανἡνίοχόν‖τεκαὶἅρματαποικίλἔχοντες
ἕστασανstoodἵστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἵππουςἡνίοχόνcharioteerἡνίοχος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἅρματαchariotἅρμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καὶποικίλornateποικίλος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἅρματαἔχοντεςholdingἔχω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἕστασαν - 538
bore him toward the city, groaning heavily,
Metre
οἳτόνγεπροτὶἄστυ‖φέρονβαρέαστενάχοντα
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of φέροντόνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of φέρονγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπροτὶtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionἄστυthe cityἄστυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of προτὶφέρονcarriedφέρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβαρέαheavilyβαρύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to στενάχονταστενάχονταgroaningστενάχω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 539
and worn; and blood ran down from his wounded hand.
Metre
τειρόμενονκατὰαἷμα‖νεουτάτουἔρρεεχειρός
τειρόμενονworn outτείρω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementκατὰdown fromκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαἷμαbloodαἷμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔρρεενεουτάτουfresh-woundedνεούτατος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies χειρόςἔρρεεranῥέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχειρόςfrom his handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἔρρεε - 540
The rest fought on, and an unquenchable cry arose.
Metre
οἳἄλλοιμάρναντο‖βοὴἄσβεστοςὀρώρει
οἳthe othersὁ · nominative plural masculine articlemodifies ἄλλοιδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄλλοιotherἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of μάρναντομάρναντοfoughtμάρναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβοὴcryβοή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὀρώρειδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄσβεστοςunquenchableἄσβεστος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies βοὴὀρώρειhad arisenὄρνυμι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 541
There Aeneas sprang upon Aphareus son of Caletor
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to τύψ̓ΑἰνέαςAeneasΑἰνείας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τύψ̓ἈφαρῆαAphareusἈφαρεύς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τύψ̓Καλητορίδηνson of CaletorΚαλητορίδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀφαρῆαἐπορούσαςspringing onἐπορούω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to τύψ̓ - 542
and struck his throat with the sharp spear as he turned toward him.
Metre
λαιμὸντύψἐπὶοἷ‖τετραμμένονὀξέϊδουρί
λαιμὸνthroatλαιμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τύψ̓τύψstruckτύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπὶatἐπί · prepositionprepositionοἷhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπὶτετραμμένονturnedτρέπω · perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculinemodifies Ἀφαρῆαὀξέϊsharpὀξύς · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δουρίδουρίwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to τύψ̓ - 543
His head bent aside, and his shield fell upon him
Metre
ἐκλίνθηἑτέρωσε‖κάρηἐπὶἀσπὶςἑάφθη
ἐκλίνθηbentκλίνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἑτέρωσεasideἑτέρωσε · adverbobject of ἐκλίνθηκάρηheadκάρα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐκλίνθηἐπὶuponἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀσπὶςshieldἀσπίς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶἑάφθηfellἑάφθη · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 544
and his helmet, and life-destroying death poured round him.
Metre
καὶκόρυςἀμφὶδέοἱ‖θάνατοςχύτοθυμοραϊστής
καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordκόρυςhelmetκόρυς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhimἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἀμφὶθάνατοςdeathθάνατος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of χύτοχύτοpouredχέω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθυμοραϊστήςlife-destroyingθυμοραιστής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θάνατος - 545
Then Antilochus, watching Thoon as he turned,
Metre
ἈντίλοχοςδὲΘόωνα‖μεταστρεφθένταδοκεύσας
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of οὔτασ̓δὲthenδέ · particlesentence particleΘόωναThoonΘόων · accusative singular masculine nounobject of οὔτασ̓μεταστρεφθένταturning backμεταστρέφω · aorist passive participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementδοκεύσαςwatchingδοκεύω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to οὔτασ̓ - 546
rushed in and wounded him, and cut through all the vein
Metre
οὔτασἐπαΐξας‖ἀπὸδὲφλέβαπᾶσανἔκερσεν
οὔτασwoundedοὐτάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπαΐξαςrushing inἐπαίσσω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to οὔτασ̓ἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordφλέβαveinφλέψ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔκερσενπᾶσανentireπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies φλέβαἔκερσενcut throughκείρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 547
that runs up the back and reaches the neck clean through.
Metre
ἥἀνὰνῶταθέουσα‖διαμπερὲςαὐχένἱκάνει
ἥwhichὅς · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of ἱκάνειτindeedσύ · accusative singular pronounsentence particleἀνὰupἀνά · prepositionprepositionνῶταthe backνῶτον · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἀνὰθέουσαrunningθέω · present active participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to ἱκάνειδιαμπερὲςclean throughδιαμπερές · adverbadverbial to θέουσααὐχένneckαὐχήν · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἱκάνειἱκάνειreachesἱκάνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing φλέβα - 548
He cut it all away, and Thoon fell backward in the dust,
Metre
τὴνἀπὸπᾶσανἔκερσεν‖ὃὕπτιοςἐνκονίῃσι
τὴνitὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἔκερσενἀπὸoffἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleπᾶσανallπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivecircumstantial complementἔκερσενcut awayκείρω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of κάππεσενδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὕπτιοςbackwardὕπτιος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσιthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 549
stretching both hands out toward his dear companions.
Metre
κάππεσενἄμφωχεῖρε‖φίλοιςἑτάροισιπετάσσας
κάππεσενfellκαταπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἄμφωbothἄμφω · accusative dual feminine adjectivemodifies χεῖρεχεῖρεhandsχείρ · accusative dual feminine nounobject of πετάσσαςφίλοιςto dearφίλος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑτάροισιἑτάροισιcompanionsἑταῖρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of πετάσσαςπετάσσαςstretchingπετάννυμι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κάππεσεν - 550
Antilochus rushed upon him and stripped the armor from his shoulders,
ἈντίλοχοςAntilochusἈντίλοχος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐπόρουσεrushed onἐπορούω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordαἴνυτοstrippedαἴνυμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεύχεarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of αἴνυτοἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionὤμωνshouldersὦμος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἀπ̓ - 551
glancing all around; and the Trojans from every side
Metre
παπταίνωνΤρῶες‖δὲπερισταδὸνἄλλοθενἄλλος
παπταίνωνglancing aroundπαπταίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to αἴνυτοΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of οὔταζονδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπερισταδὸνall aroundπερισταδόν · adverbadverbial to οὔταζονἄλλοθενfrom every sideἄλλοθεν · adverbadverbial to οὔταζονἄλλοςeach oneἄλλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τρῶες - 552
struck his broad shining shield round about,
Metre
οὔταζονσάκοςεὐρὺ‖παναίολονοὐδὲδύναντο
οὔταζονstruckοὐτάζω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οὔταζονεὐρὺbroadεὐρύς · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκοςπαναίολονshiningπαναίολος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκοςδύναντοwere ableδύναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 553
but could not graze the tender flesh within
Metre
εἴσωἐπιγράψαι‖τέρεναχρόανηλέϊχαλκῷ
εἴσωinsideεἴσω · adverbadverbial to ἐπιγράψαιἐπιγράψαιto grazeἐπιγράφω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δύναντοτέρεναtenderτέρην · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρόαχρόαfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπιγράψαινηλέϊpitilessνηλής · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷwith bronzeχαλκοῦς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπιγράψαι - 554
of Antilochus with pitiless bronze.
Metre
Ἀντιλόχουπέριγάρ‖ῥαΠοσειδάωνἐνοσίχθων
Ἀντιλόχουof AntilochusἈντίλοχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies χρόαπέριaroundπερί · adverbemphasizing particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔρυτοἐνοσίχθωνearth-shakerἘνοσίχθων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ποσειδάων - 555
For Poseidon the earth-shaker guarded Nestor's son
Metre
Νέστοροςυἱὸνἔρυτο‖καὶἐνπολλοῖσιβέλεσσιν
ΝέστοροςNestor'sΝέστωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸνυἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔρυτοἔρυτοguardedῥύομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐνamidἐν · prepositionprepositionπολλοῖσιmanyπολύς · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies βέλεσσινβέλεσσινmissilesβέλος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐν - 556
even amid the many darts.
Metre
οὐμὲνγάρποτἄνευ‖δηΐωνἦνἀλλὰκαταὐτοὺς
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleποτeverποτέ · particleadverbial to ἦνἄνευapart fromἄνευ · prepositionprepositionδηΐωνfoesδάιος · genitive plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to ἄνευἦνwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordκατamongκατά · prepositionprepositionαὐτοὺςthemαὐτός · accusative plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to κατ̓ - 557
For he was never at all apart from the foe, but moved among them,
Metre
στρωφᾶτοὐδέοἱἔγχος‖ἔχἀτρέμαςἀλλὰμάλαἰεὶ
στρωφᾶτhe wheeledστρωφάω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔχ̓ἔχwasἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀτρέμαςstillἀτρέμας · adverbadverbial to ἔχ̓ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordμάλveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleαἰεὶalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbial to ἐλέλικτο - 558
and his spear was never still, but was always
σειόμενονshakenσείω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular neuteradverbial to ἐλέλικτοἐλέλικτοwhirledἐλελίζω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτιτύσκετοhe kept aimingτιτύσκομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordφρεσὶνin his mindφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to τιτύσκετοᾗσινhis ownἑός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies φρεσὶν - 559
brandished and shaken; and in his heart he aimed
ἤeitherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleτευat someoneτις · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἀκοντίσσαιἀκοντίσσαιto castἀκοντίζω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἠὲἠὲorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordσχεδὸνclose upσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ὁρμηθῆναιὁρμηθῆναιto chargeὁρμάω · aorist passive infinitiveobject of ἠὲ - 560
either to cast at someone or to rush in close.
Metre
ἀλλοὐλῆθἈδάμαντα‖τιτυσκόμενοςκαθὅμιλον
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleλῆθescapedλάω · present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈδάμανταAdamasἈδάμας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of λῆθ̓τιτυσκόμενοςaimingτιτύσκομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to λῆθ̓καθthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionὅμιλονthe throngὅμιλος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to καθ̓ - 561
But as he aimed among the throng, Adamas did not escape him,
Metre
Ἀσιάδηνὅοἱοὖτα‖μέσονσάκοςὀξέϊχαλκῷ
ἈσιάδηνAsius's sonἈσιάδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀδάμανταὅwhoὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of οὖταοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies σάκοςοὖταstruckοὐτάω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ἀδάμανταμέσονmiddleμέσος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκοςσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οὖταὀξέϊsharpὀξύς · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκῷχαλκῷwith bronzeχαλκοῦς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to οὖτα - 562
the son of Asius, who struck the middle of his shield
Metre
ἐγγύθενὁρμηθείς‖ἀμενήνωσενδέοἱαἰχμὴν
ἐγγύθενfrom close byἐγγύθεν · adverbadverbial to ὁρμηθείςὁρμηθείςrushing inὁρμάω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to οὖταἀμενήνωσενweakenedἀμενηνόω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies αἰχμὴναἰχμὴνspear-pointαἰχμή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀμενήνωσεν - 563
with the sharp bronze as he rushed near; but Poseidon of the dark hair
Metre
κυανοχαῖταΠοσειδάων‖βιότοιομεγήρας
κυανοχαῖταdark-hairedκυανοχαίτης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΠοσειδάωνΠοσειδάωνPoseidonΠοσειδεών · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀμενήνωσενβιότοιοof lifeβίοτος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of μεγήραςμεγήραςbegrudgingμεγαίρω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀμενήνωσεν - 564
made the point of his spear weak, begrudging him his life; and one half of it stayed there,
Metre
καὶτὸμὲναὐτοῦμεῖν‖ὥςτεσκῶλοςπυρίκαυστος
καὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleτὸone partὁ · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of μεῖν̓μὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleαὐτοῦthereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to μεῖν̓μεῖνstayedμένω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὥςlikeὡς · conjunctionadverbialτεindeedτε · particlesentence particleσκῶλοςstakeσκῶλος · nominative singular feminine nounsubjectπυρίκαυστοςfire-charredπυρίκαυστος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies σκῶλος - 565
in the shield of Antilochus, like a charred stake, and the other half lay on the ground.
Metre
ἐνσάκειἈντιλόχοιο‖τὸἥμισυκεῖτἐπὶγαίης
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionσάκειthe shieldσάκος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐνἈντιλόχοιοof AntilochusἈντίλοχος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σάκειτὸtheὁ · nominative singular neuter articlemodifies ἥμισυδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἥμισυhalfἥμισυς · nominative singular neuter adjectivesubject of κεῖτ̓κεῖτlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionγαίηςthe groundγαῖα · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 566
and he shrank back into the throng of his comrades, avoiding death.
Metre
ἂψἑτάρωνεἰςἔθνος‖ἐχάζετοκῆρἀλεείνων
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of ἐχάζετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑτάρωνof comradesἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςεἰςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἔθνοςthe throngἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἰςἐχάζετοdrew backχάζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκῆρdeathκήρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀλεείνωνἀλεείνωνavoidingἀλεείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐχάζετο - 567
Meriones, following after him as he withdrew, struck him with the spear
Metre
Μηριόνηςἀπιόντα‖μετασπόμενοςβάλεδουρὶ
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of βάλεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπιόνταas he withdrewἄπειμι · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμετασπόμενοςfollowing afterμεθέπω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βάλεβάλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶwith the spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to βάλε - 568
between the private parts and the navel, where most of all
Metre
αἰδοίωντεμεσηγὺ‖καὶὀμφαλοῦἔνθαμάλιστα
αἰδοίωνbetween the groinαἰδοῖον · genitive plural neuter nounadverbial to καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleμεσηγὺbetweenμεσηγύ · prepositionprepositionκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordὀμφαλοῦnavelὀμφαλός · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to καὶἔνθαwhereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to γίγνετ̓μάλισταmost of allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to γίγνετ̓ - 569
grievous Ares comes upon wretched mortals.
Metre
γίγνετἌρηςἀλεγεινὸς‖ὀϊζυροῖσιβροτοῖσιν
γίγνετcomesγίγνομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing μεσηγὺἌρηςAresἌρης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of γίγνετ̓ἀλεγεινὸςgrievousἀλεγεινός · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounὀϊζυροῖσιto wretchedὀιζυρός · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies βροτοῖσινβροτοῖσινmortalsβροτός · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to γίγνετ̓ - 570
There the spear fixed in him;
Metre
ἔνθάοἱἔγχοςἔπηξεν‖ὃἑσπόμενοςπερὶδουρὶ
ἔνθάthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἔπηξενοἱin himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔπηξενἔπηξενfixedπήγνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἤσπαιῤδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑσπόμενοςleaning on itἕπομαι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤσπαιῤπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionδουρὶthe spearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to περὶ - 571
and he, collapsed upon the spear, writhed as when a bull
ἤσπαιρwrithedἀσπαίρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbialβοῦςa bullβοῦς · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectτόνwhichὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἄγουσιντindeedτε · particlesentence particleοὔρεσιin the mountainsὄρος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἄγουσινβουκόλοιherdsmenβουκόλος · nominative plural masculine nounmodifies ἄνδρεςἄνδρεςmenἀνήρ · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἄγουσιν - 572
that mountain herdsmen bind with withies and lead away by force, unwilling.
Metre
ἰλλάσινοὐκἐθέλοντα‖βίῃδήσαντεςἄγουσιν
ἰλλάσινwith withesἰλλάς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to δήσαντεςοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐθέλονταwillingἐθέλω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementβίῃby forceβία · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἄγουσινδήσαντεςbindingδέω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἄγουσινἄγουσινleadἄγω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing βοῦς - 573
So he writhed when he was struck, but only for a little while, not for long,
Metre
ὣςὃτυπεὶςἤσπαιρε‖μίνυνθάπεροὔτιμάλαδήν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἤσπαιρεὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἤσπαιρετυπεὶςstruckτύπτω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἤσπαιρεἤσπαιρεwrithedἀσπαίρω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμίνυνθάbrieflyμίνυνθα · adverbadverbial to ,περthoughπέρ · particleemphasizing particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounemphasizing particleμάλαveryμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleδήνlongδήν · adverbadverbial to , - 574
until the hero Meriones came near and drew the spear from his flesh;
Metre
ὄφράοἱἐκχροὸςἔγχος‖ἀνεσπάσατἐγγύθενἐλθὼν
ὄφράuntilὄφρα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionοἱfrom himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies χροὸςἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionχροὸςhis fleshχρώς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐκἔγχοςspearἔγχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀνεσπάσατ̓ἀνεσπάσατdrew outἀνασπάω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ὄφράἐγγύθενnearἐγγύθεν · adverbobject of ἐλθὼνἐλθὼνcomingἔρχομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀνεσπάσατ̓ - 575
and darkness covered his eyes.
Metre
ἥρωςΜηριόνης‖τὸνδὲσκότοςὄσσεκάλυψε
ἥρωςheroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΜηριόνηςΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνεσπάσατ̓τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of κάλυψεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσκότοςdarknessσκότος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κάλυψεὄσσεeyesὄσσε · accusative dual neuter nounobject of κάλυψεκάλυψεcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 576
Then Helenus struck Deipyrus upon the temple
ΔηΐπυρονDeipyrusΔηίπυρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἤλασεδthenδέ · particlesentence particleἝλενοςHelenusἝλενος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲξίφεϊwith a swordξίφος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἤλασεσχεδὸνclose inσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ἤλασεἤλασεstruckἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκόρσηνtempleκόρση · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἤλασε - 577
with his great Thracian sword and dashed away his helmet.
Metre
Θρηϊκίῳμεγάλῳ‖ἀπὸδὲτρυφάλειανἄραξεν
ΘρηϊκίῳThracianΘράκιος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ξίφεϊμεγάλῳgreatμέγας · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ξίφεϊἀπὸoffἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτρυφάλειανhelmetτρυφάλεια · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἄραξενἄραξενknocked awayἀράσσω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 578
It rolled off and fell to the ground, and one of the Achaeans
Metre
ἣμὲνἀποπλαγχθεῖσα‖χαμαὶπέσεκαίτιςἈχαιῶν
ἣitὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of πέσεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀποπλαγχθεῖσαrolling offἀποπλάζω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular feminineadverbial to πέσεχαμαὶto the groundχαμαί · adverbobject of πέσεπέσεfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτιςoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐκόμισσεἈχαιῶνof the AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies τις - 579
fighting there picked it up as it rolled between the feet;
Metre
μαρναμένωνμετὰποσσὶ‖κυλινδομένηνἐκόμισσε
μαρναμένωνfightingμάρναμαι · present medio-passive participle, genitive plural masculinemodifies ποσσὶμετὰbetweenμετά · prepositionprepositionποσσὶthe feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰκυλινδομένηνrollingκυλίνδω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular femininecircumstantial complementἐκόμισσεpicked upκομίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 580
and dark night covered his eyes.
Metre
τὸνδὲκατὀφθαλμῶν‖ἐρεβεννὴνὺξἐκάλυψεν
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐκάλυψενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκατoverκατά · prepositionprepositionὀφθαλμῶνhis eyesὀφθαλμός · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to κατ̓ἐρεβεννὴdarkἐρεβεννός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νὺξνὺξnightνύξ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐκάλυψενἐκάλυψενcoveredκαλύπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 581
Grief seized the son of Atreus, Menelaus, good at the war-cry;
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδηνἄχοςεἷλε‖βοὴνἀγαθὸνΜενέλαον
ἈτρεΐδηνAtreus's sonἈτρείδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Μενέλαονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄχοςgriefἄχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of εἷλεεἷλεseizedαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβοὴνin battle-cryβοή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀγαθὸνἀγαθὸνgoodἀγαθός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαονΜενέλαονMenelausΜενέλαος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἷλε - 582
and he went threatening Helenus, the lordly hero,
Metre
βῆἐπαπειλήσας‖Ἑλένῳἥρωϊἄνακτι
βῆwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπαπειλήσαςthreateningἐπαπειλέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆἙλένῳat HelenusἝλενος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπαπειλήσαςἥρωϊheroἥρως · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἑλένῳἄνακτιlordlyἄναξ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἑλένῳ - 583
brandishing his sharp spear; and he drew the bowstring back.
Metre
ὀξὺδόρυκραδάων‖ὃδὲτόξουπῆχυνἄνελκε
ὀξὺsharpὀξύς · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυδόρυspearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κραδάωνκραδάωνbrandishingκραδάω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to βῆὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἄνελκεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτόξουof the bowτόξον · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies πῆχυνπῆχυνbowstringπῆχυς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἄνελκεἄνελκεdrew backἀνέλκω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 584
Both at once together, one with the sharp spear
Metre
τὼἄρὁμαρτήδην‖ὃμὲνἔγχεϊὀξυόεντι
τὼbothὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubjectδthenδέ · particlesentence particleἄρindeedἄρα · particlesentence particleὁμαρτήδηνtogetherὁμαρτήδην · adverbadverbialὃoneὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἵετ̓μὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔγχεϊwith a spearἔγχος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἀκοντίσσαιὀξυόεντιsharpὀξυόεις · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχεϊ - 585
eager to cast, the other with an arrow from the string.
ἵετwas eagerἵημι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀκοντίσσαιto castἀκοντίζω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἵετ̓ὃthe otherὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionνευρῆφινthe stringνευρή · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἀπὸὀϊστῷwith an arrowὀιστός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial - 586
The son of Priam then hit him in the chest
Metre
Πριαμίδηςμὲνἔπειτα‖κατὰστῆθοςβάλενἰῷ
ΠριαμίδηςPriam's sonΠριαμίδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of βάλενμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to βάλενκατὰin the chestκατά · prepositionprepositionστῆθοςchestστῆθος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κατὰβάλενhitβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἰῷwith an arrowἰός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to βάλεν - 587
upon the plate of his corselet, but the bitter arrow flew off.
θώρηκοςof the corseletθώραξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies γύαλονγύαλονplateγύαλον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of βάλενἀπὸaway fromἀπό · prepositionemphasizing particleδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἔπτατοflew offπέτομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπικρὸςbitterπικρός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀϊστόςὀϊστόςarrowὀιστός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔπτατο - 588
As when from a broad shovel upon a threshing floor
Metre
ὡςὅτἀπὸπλατέος‖πτυόφινμεγάληνκατἀλωὴν
ὡςasὡς · adverbemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὅτwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to θρῴσκωσινἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionπλατέοςbroadπλατύς · genitive singular neuter adjectivemodifies πτυόφινπτυόφινshovelπτύον · genitive singular neuter nounobject of ἀπὸμεγάληνlargeμέγας · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀλωὴνκατonκατά · prepositionprepositionἀλωὴνthreshing floorἀλωή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατ̓ - 589
black beans or chickpeas leap away
Metre
θρῴσκωσινκύαμοι‖μελανόχροεςἢἐρέβινθοι
θρῴσκωσινleapθρῴσκω · present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ὣςκύαμοιbeansκύαμος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἢμελανόχροεςblack-skinnedμελανόχρους · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἢἢorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐρέβινθοιchickpeasἐρέβινθος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἢ - 590
under the shrill blast and the rush of the winnowing wind,
πνοιῇunder the blastπνοή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶὕποunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionλιγυρῇshrillλιγυρός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πνοιῇκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordλικμητῆροςof the winnowerλικμητήρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἐρωῇἐρωῇrushἐρωή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to καὶ - 591
so from the corselet of glorious Menelaus
Metre
ὣςἀπὸθώρηκος‖Μενελάουκυδαλίμοιο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἔπτατοἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionθώρηκοςthe corseletθώραξ · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀπὸΜενελάουof MenelausΜενέλαος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies θώρηκοςκυδαλίμοιοgloriousκυδάλιμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενελάου - 592
the bitter arrow glanced far off and flew away.
Metre
πολλὸνἀποπλαγχθεὶς‖ἑκὰςἔπτατοπικρὸςὀϊστός
πολλὸνfarπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἀποπλαγχθεὶςἀποπλαγχθεὶςglancing offἀποπλάζω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔπτατοἑκὰςfar awayἑκάς · adverbadverbial to ἔπτατοἔπτατοflewπέτομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπικρὸςbitterπικρός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀϊστόςὀϊστόςarrowὀιστός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔπτατο - 593
But the son of Atreus, Menelaus, good at the war-cry,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδηςἄραχεῖρα‖βοὴνἀγαθὸςΜενέλαος
ἈτρεΐδηςAtreus's sonἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μενέλαοςδbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleχεῖραhandχείρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of βάλενβοὴνin battle-cryβοή · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἀγαθὸςἀγαθὸςgoodἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΜενέλαοςΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of βάλεν - 594
struck the hand with which he held the well-polished bow;
τὴνtheὁ · accusative singular feminine pronounmodifies χεῖραβάλενstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbᾗwith whichὅς · dative singular feminine pronounadverbial to ἔχεῥindeedἆρα · particlesentence particleἔχεhe heldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing χεῖρατόξονbowτόξον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἔχεἐΰξοονwell-polishedεὔξοος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies τόξονἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτόξῳthe bowτόξον · dative singular neuter nounobject of ἐν - 595
clean through the hand and into the bow went the bronze spear.
ἀντικρὺstraight throughἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to διὰδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionχειρὸςthe handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of διὰἐλήλατοdrove throughἐλαύνω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχάλκεονbronzeχάλκεος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐλήλατο - 596
and he shrank back into the throng of his comrades, avoiding death.
Metre
ἂψἑτάρωνεἰςἔθνος‖ἐχάζετοκῆρἀλεείνων
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of ἐχάζετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑτάρωνof comradesἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςεἰςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἔθνοςthe throngἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἰςἐχάζετοdrew backχάζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκῆρdeathκήρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀλεείνωνἀλεείνωνavoidingἀλεείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐχάζετο - 597
letting his hand hang down; and the ash spear dragged behind him.
Metre
χεῖραπαρακρεμάσας‖τὸἐφέλκετομείλινονἔγχος
χεῖραhandχείρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of παρακρεμάσαςπαρακρεμάσαςletting hangπαρακρεμάννυμι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐχάζετοτὸtheὁ · nominative singular neuter articlemodifies ἔγχοςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐφέλκετοdraggedἐφέλκω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμείλινονash-woodμέλινος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἔγχοςἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐφέλκετο - 598
But great-hearted Agenor drew it out of his hand,
καὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleτὸitὁ · accusative singular neuter pronounobject of ἔρυσενμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionχειρὸςhis handχείρ · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐκἔρυσενdrew outἐρύω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμεγάθυμοςgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈγήνωρἈγήνωρAgenorἈγήνωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δὲ - 599
and bound the hand itself with a sling of well-twisted sheep's wool,
Metre
αὐτὴνδὲξυνέδησεν‖ἐϋστρεφεῖοἰὸςἀώτῳ
αὐτὴνit itselfαὐτός · accusative singular feminine adjectiveobject of ξυνέδησενδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordξυνέδησενbound upσυνδέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐϋστρεφεῖwell-twistedἐυστρεφής · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀώτῳοἰὸςof sheepὄις · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἀώτῳἀώτῳwith a thongἄωτον · dative singular masculine nounadverbial - 600
a sling which his attendant held for the shepherd of the people.
Metre
σφενδόνῃἣνἄραοἱ‖θεράπωνἔχεποιμένιλαῶν
σφενδόνῃwith a slingσφενδόνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbialἣνwhichὅς · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἔχεἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔχεθεράπωνattendantθεράπων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχεἔχεheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing σφενδόνῃποιμένιfor the shepherdποιμήν · dative singular masculine nounmodifies οἱλαῶνof the peopleλαός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ποιμένι - 601
Then Peisander came straight at glorious Menelaus;
ΠείσανδροςPeisanderΠείσανδρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤϊεδthenδέ · particlesentence particleἰθὺςstraight atἰθύς · adverbprepositionΜενελάουMenelausΜενέλαος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἰθὺςκυδαλίμοιοgloriousκυδάλιμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενελάου - 602
evil fate led him to his death, to be brought low
ἤϊεcameεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἄγεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄγεledἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμοῖραfateμοῖρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἄγεκακὴevilκακός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μοῖραθανάτοιοof deathθάνατος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies τέλοςτέλοςendτέλος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἄγεδὲindeedδέ · particleemphasizing particle - 603
by you, Menelaus, in the terrible battle.
Metre
σοὶΜενέλαεδαμῆναι‖ἐναἰνῇδηϊοτῆτι
σοὶby youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δαμῆναιΜενέλαεMenelausΜενέλαος · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headδαμῆναιto be slainδαμάζω · aorist passive infinitiveadverbial to ἄγεἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionαἰνῇterribleαἰνός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δηϊοτῆτιδηϊοτῆτιbattleδηιοτής · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 604
Now when they had come near, advancing on one another,
Metre
οἳὅτεδὴσχεδὸνἦσαν‖ἐπἀλλήλοισινἰόντες
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἦσανδthenδέ · particlesentence particleὅτεwhenὅτε · adverbadverbial to ἦσανδὴindeedδή · particleemphasizing particleσχεδὸνcloseσχεδόν · adverbadverbial to ἦσανἦσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἅμαρτεἐπatἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀλλήλοισινone anotherἀλλήλων · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐπ̓ἰόντεςgoingεἶμι · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἦσαν - 605
the son of Atreus missed, and his spear turned aside from him,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδηςμὲνἅμαρτε‖παραὶδέοἱἐτράπετἔγχος
ἈτρεΐδηςAtreus's sonἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἅμαρτεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἅμαρτεmissedἁμαρτάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπαραὶasideπαρά · adverbobject of ἐτράπετ̓δέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱfrom himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐτράπετ̓ἐτράπετturnedτρέπω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐτράπετ̓ - 606
but Peisander struck the shield of glorious Menelaus.
Metre
Πείσανδροςδὲσάκος‖Μενελάουκυδαλίμοιο
ΠείσανδροςPeisanderΠείσανδρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of οὔτασενδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οὔτασενΜενελάουof MenelausΜενέλαος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σάκοςκυδαλίμοιοgloriousκυδάλιμος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενελάου - 607
Yet he could not drive the bronze all the way through;
Metre
οὔτασενοὐδὲδιὰ‖πρὸδυνήσατοχαλκὸνἐλάσσαι
οὔτασενstruckοὐτάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionemphasizing particleπρὸforwardπρό · adverbobject of ἐλάσσαιδυνήσατοcouldδύναμαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκὸνbronzeχαλκός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐλάσσαιἐλάσσαιdriveἐλαύνω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δυνήσατο - 608
for the broad shield held it off, and the spear snapped in the shaft.
Metre
ἔσχεθεγὰρσάκοςεὐρύ‖κατεκλάσθηἐνὶκαυλῷ
ἔσχεθεheld offἔχω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleσάκοςshieldσάκος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔσχεθεεὐρύbroadεὐρύς · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκοςκατεκλάσθηsnappedκατακλάω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionκαυλῷthe shaftκαυλός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐνὶ - 609
And he rejoiced in his heart and hoped for victory.
Metre
ἔγχοςὃδὲφρεσὶνᾗσι‖χάρηκαὶἐέλπετονίκην
ἔγχοςspearἔγχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of κατεκλάσθηὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleφρεσὶνin his heartφρήν · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to χάρηᾗσιhis ownἑός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies φρεσὶνχάρηrejoicedχαίρω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐέλπετοhopedἔλπω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνίκηνfor victoryνίκη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐέλπετο - 610
Then the son of Atreus, drawing his silver-studded sword,
Metre
Ἀτρεΐδηςδὲἐρυσσάμενος‖ξίφοςἀργυρόηλον
ἈτρεΐδηςAtreus's sonἈτρείδης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἆλτ̓δὲthenδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐρυσσάμενοςdrawingἐρύω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἆλτ̓ξίφοςswordξίφος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐρυσσάμενοςἀργυρόηλονsilver-studdedἀργυρόηλος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ξίφος - 611
sprang upon Peisander; and he from beneath his shield
Metre
ἆλτἐπὶΠεισάνδρῳ‖ὃὑπἀσπίδοςεἵλετοκαλὴν
ἆλτsprangἅλλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐπὶuponἐπί · prepositionprepositionΠεισάνδρῳPeisanderΠείσανδρος · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπὶὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἵλετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὑπfrom underὑπό · prepositionprepositionἀσπίδοςhis shieldἀσπίς · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὑπ̓εἵλετοtook upαἱρέω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαλὴνfairκαλός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀξίνην - 612
took up a fair axe of bronze, with olive-wood about the handle,
Metre
ἀξίνηνεὔχαλκον‖ἐλαΐνῳἀμφὶπελέκκῳ
ἀξίνηνaxeἀξίνη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of εἵλετοεὔχαλκονbronze-boundεὔχαλκος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀξίνηνἐλαΐνῳolive-woodἐλάινος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πελέκκῳἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionπελέκκῳthe handleπέλεκκον · dative singular neuter nounmodifies ἀμφὶ - 613
long and finely shaped; and they closed together.
Metre
μακρῷἐϋξέστῳ‖ἅμαἀλλήλωνἐφίκοντο
μακρῷlongμακρός · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πελέκκῳἐϋξέστῳwell-shapedεὔξεστος · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πελέκκῳἅμαtogetherἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἐφίκοντοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀλλήλωνwith each otherἀλλήλων · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐφίκοντοἐφίκοντοclosedἐφικνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 614
He struck the crest of the horse-haired helmet
Metre
ἤτοιὃμὲνκόρυθος‖φάλονἤλασενἱπποδασείης
ἤτοιindeedἤτοι · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἤλασενμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκόρυθοςof the helmetκόρυς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies φάλονφάλονcrestφάλος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἤλασενἤλασενstruckἐλαύνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱπποδασείηςhorse-hairedἱπποδάσεια · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies κόρυθος - 615
at the very top beneath the plume; but the other struck his forehead
ἄκρονvery topἄκρος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies φάλονὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionλόφονthe plumeλόφος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπὸαὐτόνitselfαὐτός · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementὃthe otherὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordπροσιόνταas he came onπρόσειμι · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμέτωπονforeheadμέτωπον · accusative singular neuter nounobject - 616
above the root of the nose; the bones cracked, and both his eyes
Metre
ῥινὸςὕπερπυμάτης‖λάκεὀστέατὼδέοἱὄσσε
ῥινὸςof the noseῥίς · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὕπερὕπερaboveὑπέρ · prepositionprepositionπυμάτηςat the rootπύματος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ῥινὸςλάκεcrackedλάσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀστέαbonesὀστέον · nominative plural neuter nounsubject of λάκετὼbothὁ · nominative dual neuter articlemodifies ὄσσεδέandδέ · particlesentence particleοἱhisἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies ὄσσεὄσσεeyesὄσσε · nominative dual neuter nounsubject of πέσον - 617
bloodied fell in the dust at his feet.
Metre
πὰρποσὶναἱματόεντα‖χαμαὶπέσονἐνκονίῃσιν
πὰρatπαρά · prepositionprepositionποσὶνhis feetπούς · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to πὰραἱματόενταbloodiedαἱματόεις · nominative plural neuter adjectivecircumstantial complementχαμαὶto the groundχαμαί · adverbobject of πέσονπέσονfellπίπτω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionκονίῃσινthe dustκονία · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐν - 618
He collapsed as he fell; and Menelaus, stepping on his chest,
Metre
ἰδνώθηδὲπεσών‖ὃδὲλὰξἐνστήθεσιβαίνων
ἰδνώθηcollapsedἰδνόομαι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordπεσώνfallingπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἰδνώθηὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleλὰξwith heelλάξ · adverbadverbial to βαίνωνἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσιhis chestστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐνβαίνωνsteppingβαίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐξενάριξε - 619
stripped off his armor and spoke a word of triumph:
τεύχεάarmorτεῦχος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἐξενάριξετandτε · particlesentence particleἐξενάριξεstrippedἐξεναρίζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordεὐχόμενοςboastingεὔχομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ηὔδαἔποςwordἔπος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ηὔδαηὔδαspokeαὐδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 620
"So then, in this way, you Trojans will leave
Metre
λείψετέθηνοὕτω‖γενέαςΔαναῶνταχυπώλων
λείψετέyou will leaveλείπω · future active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbθηνthenθήν · particlesentence particleοὕτωthusοὕτως · adverbadverbial to λείψετέγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleνέαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of λείψετέΔαναῶνof the DanaansΔαναοί · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies νέαςταχυπώλωνswift-horsedταχύπωλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Δαναῶν - 621
the swift-horsed ships of the Danaans, overbearing men, insatiate of the fearful battle,
Metre
Τρῶεςὑπερφίαλοι‖δεινῆςἀκόρητοιἀϋτῆς
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · vocative plural masculine noungoverned by an elided headὑπερφίαλοιoverbearingὑπερφίαλος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρῶεςδεινῆςterribleδεινός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀϋτῆςἀκόρητοιinsatiateἀκόρητος · vocative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρῶεςἀϋτῆςof battle-cryἀυτή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀκόρητοι - 622
lacking in no other outrage or shame
Metre
ἄλληςμὲνλώβης‖τεκαὶαἴσχεοςοὐκἐπιδευεῖς
ἄλληςof otherἄλλος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies λώβηςμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleλώβηςoutrageλώβη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordαἴσχεοςshameαἶσχος · genitive singular neuter nounobject of καὶοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐπιδευεῖςlackingἐπιδευής · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate noun - 623
with which you shamed me, evil dogs, and you did not in your hearts
Metre
ἣνἐμὲλωβήσασθε‖κακαὶκύνεςοὐδέτιθυμῷ
ἣνwith whichὅς · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of λωβήσασθεἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of λωβήσασθελωβήσασθεyou dishonoredλωβάομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 2nd plural verbverb of a clause describing λώβηςκακαὶevilκακός · vocative plural feminine adjectivemodifies κύνεςκύνεςdogsκύων · vocative plural feminine noungoverned by an elided headτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ἐδείσατεθυμῷin your heartsθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐδείσατε - 624
fear the hard wrath of loud-thundering Zeus,
Ζηνὸςof ZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μῆνινἐριβρεμέτεωloud-thunderingἐριβρεμέτης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ζηνὸςχαλεπὴνhardχαλεπός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μῆνινἐδείσατεyou fearedδείδω · aorist active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbμῆνινwrathμῆνις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἐδείσατε - 625
god of guest-right, who one day will destroy your steep city.
Metre
ξεινίουὅςτέποτὔμμι‖διαφθέρσειπόλιναἰπήν
ξεινίουguest-protectingξένιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ζηνὸςὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of διαφθέρσειτέindeedτε · particlesentence particleποτone dayποτέ · particleadverbial to διαφθέρσειὔμμιyourσύ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to διαφθέρσειδιαφθέρσειwill destroyδιαφθείρω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Ζηνὸςπόλινcityπόλις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of διαφθέρσειαἰπήνsteepαἰπός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πόλιν - 626
You who took away my wedded wife
Metre
οἵμευκουριδίην‖ἄλοχονκαὶκτήματαπολλὰ
οἵyou whoὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of οἴχεσθ̓μευmyἐγώ · genitive singular masculine pronounmodifies καὶκουριδίηνweddedκουρίδιος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἄλοχονἄλοχονwifeἄλοχος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordκτήματαpossessionsκτῆμα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καὶπολλὰmanyπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κτήματα - 627
and much wealth for nothing, after you had been kindly welcomed by her.
Metre
μὰψοἴχεσθἀνάγοντες‖ἐπεὶφιλέεσθεπαραὐτῇ
μὰψfor nothingμάψ · adverbadverbial to οἴχεσθ̓οἴχεσθyou carried offοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbἀνάγοντεςtaking awayἀνάγω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to οἴχεσθ̓ἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionφιλέεσθεyou were welcomedφιλέω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd plural verbadverbial to ἐπεὶπαρbyπαρά · prepositionprepositionαὐτῇherαὐτός · dative singular feminine adjectiveadverbial to παῤ - 628
And now again upon the seafaring ships you are bent
Metre
νῦναὖτἐννηυσὶν‖μενεαίνετεποντοπόροισι
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to μενεαίνετεαὖτagainαὖτε · adverbadverbial to μενεαίνετεἐνonἐν · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶνshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνμενεαίνετεyou are bentμενεαίνω · present active indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbποντοπόροισιseafaringποντόπορος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶν - 629
to cast destructive fire, and kill the Achaean heroes.
Metre
πῦρὀλοὸνβαλέειν‖κτεῖναιἥρωαςἈχαιούς
πῦρfireπῦρ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of βαλέεινὀλοὸνdestructiveὀλοός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies πῦρβαλέεινto castβάλλω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δ̓κτεῖναιto killκτείνω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἥρωαςheroesἥρως · accusative plural masculine nounobject of κτεῖναιἈχαιούςAchaeanἈχαιός · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἥρωας - 630
But somewhere you will be checked, eager though you are for Ares.
Metre
ἀλλάποθισχήσεσθε‖καὶἐσσύμενοίπερἌρηος
ἀλλάbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleποθιsomewhereποθι · adverbsentence particleσχήσεσθεyou will be checkedἔχω · future middle indicative, 2nd plural verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐσσύμενοίeagerσεύω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to σχήσεσθεπερthoughπέρ · particleemphasizing particleἌρηοςfor AresἌρης · genitive singular masculine nounobject of σχήσεσθε - 631
Father Zeus, they say that you surpass all others in wisdom,
Metre
Ζεῦπάτερἦτέσέφασι‖περὶφρέναςἔμμεναιἄλλων
ΖεῦZeusΖεύς · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headπάτερfatherπάτηρ · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies Ζεῦἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleτέindeedτε · particlesentence particleσέyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔμμεναιφασιthey sayφημί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπερὶaboveπερί · prepositionemphasizing particleφρέναςin wisdomφρήν · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἔμμεναιἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of φασιἄλλωνothersἄλλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἠδὲ - 632
both men and gods; from you all these things come to pass.
Metre
ἀνδρῶνἠδὲθεῶν‖σέοἐκτάδεπάνταπέλονται
ἀνδρῶνof menἀνήρ · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἠδὲἠδὲandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordθεῶνof godsθεός · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἠδὲσέοfrom youσύ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐκδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐκfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionτάδεthese thingsὅδε · nominative plural neuter pronounsubject of πέλονταιπάνταallπᾶς · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies τάδεπέλονταιcome to passπέλω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 633
How then can you grant favor to violent men,
Metre
οἷονδὴἄνδρεσσι‖χαρίζεαιὑβριστῇσι
οἷονhowοἷος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to χαρίζεαιδὴthenδή · particleemphasizing particleἄνδρεσσιto menἀνήρ · dative plural masculine nounmodifies Τρωσίνχαρίζεαιdo you grant favorχαρίζομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbὑβριστῇσιviolentὑβριστής · dative plural masculine nounmodifies ἄνδρεσσι - 634
the Trojans, whose spirit is always outrageous,
Metre
Τρωσίντῶνμένοςαἰὲν‖ἀτάσθαλονοὐδὲδύνανται
Τρωσίνto TrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of χαρίζεαιτῶνwhoseὁ · genitive plural masculine pronounmodifies μένοςμένοςspiritμένος · nominative singular neuter nounsubjectαἰὲνalwaysἀεί · adverbadverbialἀτάσθαλονoutrageousἀτάσθαλος · nominative singular neuter adjectivepredicate nounδύνανταιcanδύναμαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 635
and who can never have enough of the war that makes all men equal?
Metre
φυλόπιδοςκορέσασθαι‖ὁμοιΐουπτολέμοιο
φυλόπιδοςof battleφύλοπις · genitive singular feminine nounobject of κορέσασθαικορέσασθαιto get enoughκορέννυμι · aorist middle infinitiveobject of δύνανταιὁμοιΐουman-equalingὁμοίιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies πτολέμοιοπτολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies φυλόπιδος - 636
Of everything there comes satiety, even of sleep and lovemaking
Metre
πάντωνμὲνκόροςἐστὶ‖καὶὕπνουκαὶφιλότητος
πάντωνof all thingsπᾶς · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifiesμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleκόροςsatietyκόρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐστὶἐστὶcomesεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · conjunctionsentence particleὕπνουof sleepὕπνος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleφιλότητοςof lovemakingφιλότης · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies καὶ - 637
and sweet song and blameless dancing,
Metre
μολπῆςτεγλυκερῆς‖καὶἀμύμονοςὀρχηθμοῖο
μολπῆςof songμολπή · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleγλυκερῆςsweetγλυκύς · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies μολπῆςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀμύμονοςblamelessἀμύμων · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀρχηθμοῖοὀρχηθμοῖοdancingὀρχηθμός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies καὶ - 638
of which a man might sooner desire to have his fill
Metre
τῶνπέρτιςκαὶμᾶλλον‖ἐέλδεταιἐξἔρονεἷναι
τῶνof theseὁ · genitive plural neuter pronounmodifies ἔρονπέρindeedπέρ · particleemphasizing particleτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐέλδεταικαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleμᾶλλονmoreμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to ἐέλδεταιἐέλδεταιmight desireἔλδομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing καὶἐξofἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleἔρονdesireἔρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of εἷναιεἷναιto haveἵημι · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἐέλδεται - 639
than of war; but the Trojans are insatiate of battle."
Metre
ἢπολέμουΤρῶες‖δὲμάχηςἀκόρητοιἔασιν
ἢthanἤ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπολέμουof warπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifiesΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔασινδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάχηςof battleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἀκόρητοιἀκόρητοιinsatiateἀκόρητος · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounἔασινareεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 640
So speaking, he stripped the blood-stained armor from the body
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼντὰμὲνἔντε‖ἀπὸχροὸςαἱματόεντα
ὣςthusὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνspeakingεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δ̓τὰtheὁ · accusative plural neuter articlemodifies ἔντἐμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἔντεarmorἔντεα · accusative plural neuter nounobject of συλήσαςἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionχροὸςthe bodyχρώς · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀπὸαἱματόενταblood-stainedαἱματόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔντἐ - 641
and gave it to his companions, Menelaus the blameless,
Metre
συλήσαςἑτάροισι‖δίδουΜενέλαοςἀμύμων
συλήσαςstrippingσυλάω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to δίδουἑτάροισιto companionsἑταῖρος · dative plural masculine nounobject of δίδουδίδουgaveδίδωμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜενέλαοςMenelausΜενέλαος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δ̓ἀμύμωνblamelessἀμύμων · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Μενέλαος - 642
and he himself went back again and mingled with the foremost fighters.
αὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὖτagainαὖτε · adverbadverbial to ἰὼνἐξbackἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleαὖτιςback againαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἰὼνἰὼνgoingεἶμι · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐμίχθηπρομάχοισινwith front fightersπρόμαχος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐμίχθηἐμίχθηmingledμίγνυμι · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 643
There the son of King Pylaimenes leapt upon him,
Metre
ἔνθάοἱυἱὸςἐπᾶλτο‖Πυλαιμένεοςβασιλῆος
ἔνθάthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐπᾶλτοοἱupon himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπᾶλτουἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἁρπαλίωνἐπᾶλτοleaptἐφάλλομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠυλαιμένεοςof PylaimenesΠυλαιμένης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςβασιλῆοςkingβασιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Πυλαιμένεος - 644
Harpalion, who had followed his dear father to Troy to make war,
Metre
Ἁρπαλίωνὅῥαπατρὶ‖φίλῳἕπετοπτολεμίξων
ἉρπαλίωνHarpalionἉρπαλίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπᾶλτοὅwhoὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δ̓ῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleπατρὶhis fatherπατήρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἕπετοφίλῳdearφίλος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies πατρὶἕπετοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓πτολεμίξωνto fightπολεμίζω · future active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἕπετο - 645
and did not return again to his fatherland.
Metre
ἐςτροίηνοὐδαὖτις‖ἀφίκετοπατρίδαγαῖαν
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionτροίηνTroyτροία · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐςαὖτιςbackαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἀφίκετοἀφίκετοreturnedἀφικνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δ̓πατρίδαfatherlandπατρίς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies γαῖανγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀφίκετο - 646
Then he struck the middle of Atreus' son's shield with the spear
Metre
ὅςῥατότἈτρεΐδαο‖μέσονσάκοςοὔτασεδουρὶ
ὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of οὔτασεῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτότthenτότε · adverbadverbial to οὔτασεἈτρεΐδαοof Atreus sonἈτρείδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies σάκοςμέσονmiddleμέσος · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies σάκοςσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of οὔτασεοὔτασεstabbedοὐτάζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδουρὶspearδόρυ · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to οὔτασε - 647
at close range, but could not drive the bronze all the way through.
Metre
ἐγγύθενοὐδὲδιὰ‖πρὸδυνήσατοχαλκὸνἐλάσσαι
ἐγγύθενat close rangeἐγγύθεν · adverbadverbial to οὔτασεδιὰall the wayδιά · prepositionemphasizing particleπρὸthroughπρό · adverbobject of ἐλάσσαιδυνήσατοcouldδύναμαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκὸνbronzeχαλκός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐλάσσαιἐλάσσαιto driveἐλαύνω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δυνήσατο - 648
and he shrank back into the throng of his comrades, avoiding death.
Metre
ἂψἑτάρωνεἰςἔθνος‖ἐχάζετοκῆρἀλεείνων
ἂψbackἄψ · adverbobject of ἐχάζετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἑτάρωνcompanionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἔθνοςεἰςintoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἔθνοςhostἔθνος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἰςἐχάζετοshrank backχάζω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκῆρdoomκήρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἀλεείνωνἀλεείνωνavoidingἀλεείνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐχάζετο - 649
looking about on every side lest someone touch his flesh with bronze.
Metre
πάντοσεπαπταίνων‖μήτιςχρόαχαλκῷἐπαύρῃ
πάντοσεon every sideπάντοσε · adverbadverbial to παπταίνωνπαπταίνωνlooking aboutπαπταίνω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐχάζετομήlestμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτιςsomeoneτις · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐπαύρῃχρόαfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐπαύρῃχαλκῷbronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἐπαύρῃἐπαύρῃtouchἐπαυρέω · aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to μή - 650
But Meriones, as he went away, let fly a bronze-tipped arrow,
Metre
Μηριόνηςἀπιόντος‖ἵειχαλκήρεὀϊστόν
ΜηριόνηςMerionesΜηριόνης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καίδandδέ · particlesentence particleἀπιόντοςgoing awayἄπειμι · present active participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementἵειlet flyἵημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκήρεbronze-tippedχαλκήρης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀϊστόνὀϊστόνarrowὀιστός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἵει - 651
and hit his right buttock; and the arrow
Metre
καίἔβαλεγλουτὸν‖κάταδεξιόναὐτὰρὀϊστὸς
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordῥthenἆρα · particlesentence particleἔβαλεstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγλουτὸνbuttockγλουτός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κάτακάταdownκατά · prepositionprepositionδεξιόνon the rightδεξιός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies γλουτὸναὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὀϊστὸςarrowὀιστός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐξεπέρησεν - 652
went straight through the bladder below the bone.
ἀντικρὺstraight throughἀντικρύ · adverbadverbial to ἐξεπέρησενκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionκύστινbladderκύστις · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionὀστέονboneὀστέον · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ὑπ̓ἐξεπέρησενwent throughἐκπεράω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 653
Then sitting there in the arms of his dear companions
Metre
ἑζόμενοςδὲκαταὖθι‖φίλωνἐνχερσὶνἑταίρων
ἑζόμενοςsittingἕζομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκατthereκατά · prepositionemphasizing particleαὖθιthereαὖθι · adverbadverbial to ἑζόμενοςφίλωνdearφίλος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἑταίρωνἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionχερσὶνhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐνἑταίρωνcompanionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies χερσὶν - 654
gasping out his life, like a worm upon the ground
Metre
θυμὸνἀποπνείων‖ὥςτεσκώληξἐπὶγαίῃ
θυμὸνlifeθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἀποπνείωνἀποπνείωνgasping outἀποπνέω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοὥςlikeὡς · adverbadverbialτεandτε · particlesentence particleσκώληξwormσκώληξ · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionγαίῃgroundγαῖα · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶ - 655
he lay stretched out; and the black blood ran and drenched the earth.
κεῖτοlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbταθείςstretched outτείνω · aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κεῖτοἐκoutἐκ · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlesentence particleαἷμαbloodαἷμα · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ῥέεμέλανblackμέλας · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies αἷμαῥέεranῥέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδεῦεdrenchedδεύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordγαῖανgroundγαῖα · accusative singular feminine nounobject of δεῦε - 656
Around him the great-hearted Paphlagonians labored,
Metre
τὸνμὲνΠαφλαγόνες‖μεγαλήτορεςἀμφεπένοντο
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἀμφεπένοντομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleΠαφλαγόνεςPaphlagoniansΠαφλαγών · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δ̓μεγαλήτορεςgreat-heartedμεγαλήτωρ · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Παφλαγόνεςἀμφεπένοντοlaboredἀμφιπένομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 657
and lifting him onto his chariot they carried him toward sacred Ilios,
ἐςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionδίφρονchariotδίφρος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀνέσαντεςliftingἀνέζω · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἄγονἄγονcarriedἄγω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπροτὶtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionἼλιονIliosἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of προτὶἱρὴνsacredἱρός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιον - 658
grieving; and his father went with them, shedding tears,
Metre
ἀχνύμενοιμετὰδέ‖σφιπατὴρκίεδάκρυαλείβων
ἀχνύμενοιgrievingἀχεύω · present passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἄγονμετὰwithμετά · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlesentence particleσφιthemσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to μετὰπατὴρfatherπατήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of κίεκίεwentκίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδάκρυαtearsδάκρυον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of λείβωνλείβωνsheddingλείβω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κίε - 659
and there was no recompense at all for his dead son.
Metre
ποινὴοὔτιςπαιδὸς‖ἐγίγνετοτεθνηῶτος
ποινὴrecompenseποινή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἐγίγνετοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτιςanyτις · nominative singular feminine pronounmodifies ποινὴπαιδὸςsonπαῖς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ποινὴἐγίγνετοcameγίγνομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτεθνηῶτοςdeadθνήσκω · perfect active participle, genitive singular masculinemodifies παιδὸς - 660
But Paris was deeply angered in heart for his killing;
Metre
τοῦδὲΠάριςμάλαθυμὸν‖ἀποκταμένοιοχολώθη
τοῦhimὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of χολώθηδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΠάριςParisΠάρις · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of χολώθημάλαveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to χολώθηθυμὸνin heartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to χολώθηἀποκταμένοιοkillingἀποκτείνω · aorist middle participle, genitive singular masculinecircumstantial complementχολώθηenragedχολόω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 661
for among the many Paphlagonians he had been his guest-friend.
Metre
ξεῖνοςγάροἱἔην‖πολέσινμετὰΠαφλαγόνεσσι
ξεῖνοςguest-friendξένος · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔηνἔηνto beεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπολέσινmanyπολύς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Παφλαγόνεσσιμετὰamongμετά · prepositionprepositionΠαφλαγόνεσσιPaphlagoniansΠαφλαγών · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰ - 662
So in wrath for him he let fly a bronze-tipped arrow.
Metre
τοῦὅγεχωόμενος‖προΐειχαλκήρεὀϊστόν
τοῦfor himὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of χωόμενοςὅheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of προΐειγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleχωόμενοςwas angeredχώομαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προΐειπροΐειlet flyπροίημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκήρεbronze-tippedχαλκήρης · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὀϊστόνὀϊστόνarrowὀιστός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of προΐει - 663
And there was a man, Euchenor, son of Polyidus the seer,
Metre
ἦνδέτιςΕὐχήνωρ‖Πολυΐδουμάντιοςυἱὸς
ἦνthere wasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτιςa manτις · nominative singular masculine pronounmodifies ΕὐχήνωρΕὐχήνωρEuchenorΕὐχήνωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦνΠολυΐδουPolyidusΠολυίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςμάντιοςseerμάντις · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Πολυΐδουυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Εὐχήνωρ - 664
rich and valiant, dwelling in Corinth in his house,
Metre
ἀφνειόςἀγαθός‖τεΚορινθόθιοἰκίαναίων
ἀφνειόςrichἀφνειός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τετandτε · particlesentence particleἀγαθόςvaliantἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordΚορινθόθιCorinthΚόρινθος · adverbadverbial to ναίωνοἰκίαhis houseοἰκίον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ναίωνναίωνdwellingναίω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἦν - 665
who went aboard ship well knowing his deadly fate.
ὅςwhoὅς · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἔβαινεῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to εἰδὼςεἰδὼςknewοἶδα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔβαινεκῆρfateκήρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of εἰδὼςὀλοὴνdeadlyὀλοός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies κῆῤἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionνηὸςshipναῦς · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐπὶἔβαινεwentβαίνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing Εὐχήνωρ - 666
For many times the good old Polyidus had told him
Metre
πολλάκιγάροἱἔειπε‖γέρωνἀγαθὸςΠολύϊδος
πολλάκιmany timesπολλάκις · adverbadverbial to ἔειπεγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἔειπεἔειπεtoldεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbγέρωνoldγέρων · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Πολύϊδοςἀγαθὸςgoodἀγαθός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠολύϊδοςΠολύϊδοςPolyidusΠολύιδος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔειπε - 667
that he would waste away at home beneath a grievous sickness,
Metre
νούσῳὑπἀργαλέῃ‖φθίσθαιοἷςἐνμεγάροισιν
νούσῳsicknessνοῦσος · dative singular feminine nounobject of ὑπ̓ὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἀργαλέῃgrievousἀργαλέος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νούσῳφθίσθαιwaste awayφθίω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of ἢοἷςhis ownἑός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies μεγάροισινἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionμεγάροισινthe hallμέγαρον · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἐν - 668
or else among the Achaean ships be subdued by the Trojans.
ἢor elseἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordμετamongμετά · prepositionprepositionἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies νηυσὶννηυσὶνshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to μετ̓ὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionΤρώεσσιTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of ὑπὸδαμῆναιbe subduedδαμάζω · aorist passive infinitiveobject of ἢ - 669
So he shunned both the grievous levy of the Achaeans
Metre
τώἅμαἀργαλέην‖θωὴνἀλέεινενἈχαιῶν
τώsoτῷ · adverbsentence particleῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἅμαbothἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἀλέεινεντandτε · particlesentence particleἀργαλέηνgrievousἀργαλέος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies θωὴνθωὴνlevyθωή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of τεἀλέεινενshunnedἀλεείνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈχαιῶνof AchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies θωὴν - 670
and the hateful sickness, so that he might not suffer pains in his heart.
Metre
νοῦσόντεστυγερήν‖ἵναμὴπάθοιἄλγεαθυμῷ
νοῦσόνsicknessνοῦσος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordστυγερήνhatefulστυγερός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies νοῦσόνἵναso thatἵνα · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleπάθοιsufferπάσχω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἵναἄλγεαpainsἄλγος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of πάθοιθυμῷheartθυμός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to πάθοι - 671
Him Paris struck beneath the jaw and under the ear;
Metre
τὸνβάλὑπὸγναθμοῖο‖καὶοὔατοςὦκαδὲθυμὸς
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of βάλ̓βάλstruckβάλλω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὑπὸunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionγναθμοῖοjawγναθμός · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ὑπὸκαὶand underκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordοὔατοςearοὖς · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to καὶὦκαswiftlyὦκα · adverbadverbial to ᾤχετ̓δὲandδέ · particlesentence particleθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ᾤχετ̓ - 672
swiftly the life went from his limbs, and hateful darkness closed around him.
ᾤχετwentοἴχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionμελέωνlimbsμέλος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἀπὸστυγερὸςhatefulστυγερός · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies σκότοςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of εἷλενσκότοςdarknessσκότος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἷλενεἷλενclutchedαἱρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 673
So they fought on, like the blaze of burning fire.
Metre
ὣςοἳμὲνμάρναντο‖δέμαςπυρὸςαἰθομένοιο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to μάρναντοοἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of μάρναντομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleμάρναντοfoughtμάρναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδέμαςlikeδέμας · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to μάρναντοπυρὸςof fireπῦρ · genitive singular neuter nounmodifies δέμαςαἰθομένοιοburningαἴθω · present medio-passive participle, genitive singular neutermodifies πυρὸς - 674
But Hector, dear to Zeus, had not heard, nor did he know
Metre
Ἕκτωροὐκἐπέπυστο‖Διῒφίλοςοὐδέτιᾔδη
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπέπυστοδbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἐπέπυστοheardπυνθάνομαι · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΔιῒZeusΖεύς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to φίλοςφίλοςdearφίλος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτωρτιanythingτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to ᾔδηᾔδηknewοἶδα · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 675
that on the left wing beside the ships his men were being destroyed
Metre
ὅττίῥάοἱνηῶν‖ἐπἀριστερὰδηϊόωντο
ὅττίthatὅτι · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱfor himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to δηϊόωντονηῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounmodifies ἀριστερὰἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀριστερὰon the leftἀριστερός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓δηϊόωντοwere destroyedδηιόω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbobject of ὅττί - 676
by the Argives. Soon indeed the glory of the Achaeans
Metre
λαοὶὑπἈργείων‖τάχαἂνκαὶκῦδοςἈχαιῶν
λαοὶmenλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of δηϊόωντοὑπbyὑπό · prepositionprepositionἈργείωνArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ὑπ̓τάχαsoonτάχα · adverbadverbial to ἔπλετοδindeedδέ · particlecoordinating wordἂνwouldἄν · particlesentence particleκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleκῦδοςgloryκῦδος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἔπλετοἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies κῦδος - 677
would have come to pass; for so mighty was the earth-holder, the earth-shaker,
Metre
ἔπλετοτοῖοςγὰρ‖γαιήοχοςἐννοσίγαιος
ἔπλετοcome to passπέλω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοῖοςso mightyτοῖος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἐννοσίγαιοςγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleγαιήοχοςearth-holderγαιήοχος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἐννοσίγαιοςἐννοσίγαιοςearth-shakerἘννοσίγαιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὄτρυν̓ - 678
urging on the Argives and himself warding ruin from them.
Metre
ὄτρυνἈργείους‖πρὸςδὲσθένειαὐτὸςἄμυνεν
ὄτρυνwas urgingὀτρύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈργείουςArgivesἈργεῖος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ὄτρυν̓πρὸςwithπρός · prepositionemphasizing particleδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσθένειwith mightσθένος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἄμυνεναὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἄμυνενwarded offἀμύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 679
But Hector held where first he leapt through the gates and wall,
Metre
ἀλλἔχενᾗτὰπρῶτα‖πύλαςκαὶτεῖχοςἐσᾶλτο
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἔχενheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbᾗwhereᾗ · adverbadverbial to ἐσᾶλτοτὰtheὁ · accusative plural neuter articlemodifies πρῶταπρῶταfirstπρῶτος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐσᾶλτοπύλαςgatesπύλη · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordτεῖχοςwallτεῖχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of καὶἐσᾶλτοleaptεἰσάλλομαι · aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἔχεν - 680
having broken the dense ranks of the shield-bearing Danaans,
Metre
ῥηξάμενοςΔαναῶν‖πυκινὰςστίχαςἀσπιστάων
ῥηξάμενοςhaving brokenῥήγνυμι · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐσᾶλτοΔαναῶνDanaansΔαναοί · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀσπιστάωνπυκινὰςclose-packedπυκνός · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies στίχαςστίχαςranksστίξ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ῥηξάμενοςἀσπιστάωνshield-bearingἀσπιστής · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies στίχας - 681
where were the ships of Ajax and of Protesilaus
Metre
ἔνθἔσανΑἴαντός‖τενέεςκαὶΠρωτεσιλάου
ἔνθthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἔσανἔσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἔχενΑἴαντόςAjax'sΑἴας · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleνέεςshipsναῦς · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of ἔσανκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΠρωτεσιλάουProtesilaus'Πρωτεσίλαος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies καὶ - 682
drawn up upon the shore of the gray sea; and above them
Metre
θῖνἔφἁλὸςπολιῆς‖εἰρυμέναιαὐτὰρὕπερθε
θῖνupon the shoreθίς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to ἔφ̓ἔφonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἁλὸςseaἅλς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies θῖν̓πολιῆςgrayπολιός · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἁλὸςεἰρυμέναιdrawn upἐρύω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural feminineadverbial to ἔσαναὐτὰρandἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὕπερθεaboveὕπερθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐδέδμητο - 683
the wall had been built the lowest, where most of all
Metre
τεῖχοςἐδέδμητο‖χθαμαλώτατονἔνθαμάλιστα
τεῖχοςwallτεῖχος · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐδέδμητοἐδέδμητοbuiltδέμω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχθαμαλώτατονthe lowestχθαμαλός · nominative singular neuter superlative adjectivecircumstantial complementἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to γίγνοντομάλισταmost of allμάλιστα · adverbemphasizing particle - 684
both men and horses were ravenous for battle.
Metre
ζαχρηεῖςγίγνοντο‖μάχῃαὐτοίτεκαὶἵπποι
ζαχρηεῖςravenousζαχρηής · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounγίγνοντοbecameγίγνομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἐδέδμητομάχῃbattleμάχη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to γίγνοντοαὐτοίmenαὐτός · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἵπποιhorsesἵππος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 685
There the Boeotians and the Ionians with trailing tunics
Metre
ἔνθαδὲΒοιωτοὶ‖καὶἸάονεςἑλκεχίτωνες
ἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἔχονδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleΒοιωτοὶBoeotiansΒοιωτός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἸάονεςIoniansἸάονες · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶἑλκεχίτωνεςtrailing-tunicἑλκεχίτων · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἰάονες - 686
and the Locrians and Phthians and the bright Epeians
Metre
ΛοκροὶκαὶΦθῖοι‖καὶφαιδιμόεντεςἘπειοὶ
ΛοκροὶLocriansΛοκροί · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleΦθῖοιPhthiansΦθῖος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordφαιδιμόεντεςbrightφαιδιμόεις · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἘπειοὶἘπειοὶEpeiansἘπειός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 687
eagerly held him from the ships as he rushed on, but could not
Metre
σπουδῇἐπαΐσσοντα‖νεῶνἔχονοὐδὲδύναντο
σπουδῇeagerlyσπουδή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἔχονἐπαΐσσονταrushing onἐπαίσσω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementνεῶνfrom the shipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of ἐπαΐσσονταἔχονheld backἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδύναντοcouldδύναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 688
drive back from them godlike Hector, like a flame of fire.
Metre
ὦσαιἀπὸσφείων‖φλογὶεἴκελονἝκτοραδῖον
ὦσαιdrive backὠθέω · aorist active infinitiveobject of δύναντοἀπὸfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionσφείωνthemσφεῖς · genitive plural masculine pronounobject of ἀπὸφλογὶlike a flameφλόξ · dative singular masculine nounobject of εἴκελονεἴκελονlikeεἴκελος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἝκτοραἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ὦσαιδῖονgodlikeδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτορα - 689
Chosen Athenians were among them in the foremost rank,
οἳtheyὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubjectμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἈθηναίωνAtheniansἈθηναῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies προλελεγμένοιπρολελεγμένοιchosenπρολέγω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculinepredicate nounἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlesentence particleἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτοῖσινamong themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἐν - 690
and the son of Peteos, Menestheus, led them, and with him followed
Metre
ἦρχυἱὸςΠετεῶο‖Μενεσθεύςοἳἅμἕποντο
ἦρχledἄρχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies ΜενεσθεύςΠετεῶοPeteosΠετεώς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςΜενεσθεύςMenestheusΜενεσθεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἦρχ̓οἳwith himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἅμ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἅμwithἅμα · prepositionprepositionἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 691
Pheidas and Stichius and noble Bias; and of the Epeians
Metre
ΦείδαςτεΣτιχίος‖τεΒίαςἐΰςαὐτὰρἘπειῶν
ΦείδαςPheidasΦείδας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleΣτιχίοςStichiusΣτιχίος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleΒίαςBiasΒίας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τ̓τandτε · particlecoordinating wordἐΰςnobleἐύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Βίαςαὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctionsentence particleἘπειῶνof EpeiansἘπειός · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject - 692
Meges son of Phyleus and Amphion and Dracius,
Metre
ΦυλεΐδηςτεΜέγης‖ἈμφίωντεΔρακίοςτε
ΦυλεΐδηςPhyleus' sonΦυλείδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μέγηςτεandτε · particlesentence particleΜέγηςMegesΜέγης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τεἈμφίωνAmphionἈμφίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleΔρακίοςDraciusΔρακίος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 693
and before the Phthians Medon and warlike Podarces.
Metre
πρὸΦθίωνδὲΜέδων‖τεμενεπτόλεμόςτεΠοδάρκης
πρὸbeforeπρό · prepositionprepositionΦθίωνPhthiansΦθῖος · genitive plural masculine adjectiveadverbial to πρὸδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΜέδωνMedonΜέδων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleμενεπτόλεμόςwarlikeμενεπτόλεμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ποδάρκηςτεandτε · particlecoordinating wordΠοδάρκηςPodarcesΠοδάρκης · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τε - 694
Now Medon was the bastard son of noble Oileus
Metre
ἤτοιὃμὲννόθοςυἱὸς‖Ὀϊλῆοςθείοιο
ἤτοιnowἤτοι · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies Μέδωνμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleνόθοςbastardνόθος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounὈϊλῆοςOileusὈιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςθείοιοnobleθεῖος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ὀϊλῆος - 695
and brother of Ajax; but he dwelt
Metre
ἔσκεΜέδωνΑἴαντος‖ἀδελφεόςαὐτὰρἔναιεν
ἔσκεwasεἰμί · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΜέδωνMedonΜέδων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔσκεΑἴαντοςAjaxΑἴας · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἀδελφεόςἀδελφεόςbrotherἀδελφός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Μέδωναὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἔναιενdweltναίω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 696
in Phylace, away from his fatherland, after killing a man,
Metre
ἐνΦυλάκῃγαίης‖ἄποπατρίδοςἄνδρακατακτὰς
ἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionΦυλάκῃPhylaceΦυλάκη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνγαίηςfrom the landγαῖα · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ἄποἄποfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionπατρίδοςfatherlandπατρίς · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies γαίηςἄνδραa manἀνήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of κατακτὰςκατακτὰςkilledκατακτείνω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἔναιεν - 697
a kinsman of his stepmother Eriopis, whom Oileus had as wife;
Metre
γνωτὸνμητρυιῆς‖ἘριώπιδοςἣνἔχὈϊλεύς
γνωτὸνa kinsmanγνωτός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ἄνδραμητρυιῆςstepmotherμητρυιά · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἘριώπιδοςἘριώπιδοςEriopisἘριῶπις · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies γνωτὸνἣνwhomὅς · accusative singular feminine pronounobject of ἔχ̓ἔχhadἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἘριώπιδοςὈϊλεύςOileusὈιλεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔχ̓ - 698
and the other was the son of Iphiclus son of Phylacus.
Metre
αὐτὰρὃἸφίκλοιο‖πάϊςτοῦΦυλακίδαο
αὐτὰρandἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordὃthe otherὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubjectἸφίκλοιοIphiclusἼφικλος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πάϊςπάϊςsonπαῖς · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounτοῦofὁ · genitive singular masculine articlemodifies ΦυλακίδαοΦυλακίδαοPhylacus' sonΦυλακίδης · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἰφίκλοιο - 699
These stood before the great-hearted Phthians in their armor,
Metre
οἳμὲνπρὸΦθίων‖μεγαθύμωνθωρηχθέντες
οἳtheseὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐμάχοντομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleπρὸbeforeπρό · prepositionprepositionΦθίωνPhthiansΦθῖος · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to πρὸμεγαθύμωνgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies Φθίωνθωρηχθέντεςarmoredθωρήσσω · aorist passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐμάχοντο - 700
defending the ships with the Boeotians, and fought on.
Metre
ναῦφινἀμυνόμενοι‖μετὰΒοιωτῶνἐμάχοντο
ναῦφινfor the shipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἀμυνόμενοιἀμυνόμενοιdefendingἀμύνω · present medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐμάχοντομετὰwithμετά · prepositionprepositionΒοιωτῶνBoeotiansΒοιωτός · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to μετὰἐμάχοντοfoughtμάχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 701
And never at all did swift Ajax, son of Oileus,
Metre
Αἴαςοὐκέτιπάμπαν‖Ὀϊλῆοςταχὺςυἱὸς
ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἵστατ̓δbutδέ · particlesentence particleοὐκέτιno longerοὐκέτι · adverbadverbial to ἵστατ̓πάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to ἵστατ̓ὈϊλῆοςOileusὈιλεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸςταχὺςswiftταχύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies υἱὸςυἱὸςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Αἴας - 702
stand apart from Ajax, son of Telamon, not even a little,
Metre
ἵστατἀπΑἴαντος‖Τελαμωνίουοὐδἠβαιόν
ἵστατstoodἵστημι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀπfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionΑἴαντοςAjaxΑἴας · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to ἀπ̓ΤελαμωνίουTelamonianΤελαμώνιος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἴαντοςἠβαιόνeven a littleἠβαιός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἵστατ̓ - 703
but as in a fallow field two wine-dark oxen
Metre
ἀλλὥςἐννειῷ‖βόεοἴνοπεπηκτὸνἄροτρον
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordὥςasὡς · adverbadverbial to τιταίνετοντandτε · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionνειῷfallow fieldνειός · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἐνβόεtwo oxenβοῦς · nominative dual masculine nounsubject of τιταίνετονοἴνοπεwine-darkοἶνοψ · nominative dual masculine adjectivemodifies βόεπηκτὸνwell-jointedπηκτός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ἄροτρονἄροτρονplowἄροτρον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τιταίνετον - 704
of one mind strain at the well-jointed plow,
Metre
ἶσονθυμὸνἔχοντε‖τιταίνετονἀμφὶἄράσφι
ἶσονthe sameἴσος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies θυμὸνθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἔχοντεἔχοντεhavingἔχω · present active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to τιταίνετοντιταίνετονstrainτιταίνω · present active indicative, 3rd dual verbadverbialἀμφὶaboutἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄράthenἄρα · particlesentence particleσφιfor themσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἀνακηκίει - 705
and much sweat springs up about the roots of their horns;
Metre
πρυμνοῖσινκεράεσσι‖πολὺςἀνακηκίειἱδρώς
πρυμνοῖσινat the rootsπρυμνός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κεράεσσικεράεσσιhornsκέρας · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to ἀμφὶπολὺςmuchπολύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἱδρώςἀνακηκίειsprings upἀνακηκίω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἱδρώςsweatἱδρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀνακηκίει - 706
and only the polished yoke keeps them apart
Metre
τὼμέντεζυγὸνοἶον‖ἐΰξοονἀμφὶςἐέργει
τὼthe twoὁ · accusative dual masculine pronounobject of ἐέργειμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleζυγὸνyokeζυγόν · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of ἐέργειοἶονaloneοἶος · nominative singular neuter adjectivecircumstantial complementἐΰξοονpolishedεὔξοος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ζυγὸνἀμφὶςon both sidesἀμφίς · adverbadverbial to ἐέργειἐέργειkeeps apartἔργω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 707
as they labor along the furrow; and it cuts the deep field;
Metre
ἱεμένωκατὰὦλκα‖τέμειδέτετέλσονἀρούρης
ἱεμένωas they laborἵημι · present medio-passive participle, accusative dual masculinecircumstantial complementκατὰalongκατά · prepositionprepositionὦλκαfurrowὤλξ · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to κατὰτέμειcutsτέτμον · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεandτε · particlesentence particleτέλσονthe deep fieldτέλσον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of τέμειἀρούρηςfieldἄρουρα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies τέλσον - 708
so the two stood very close beside each other.
Metre
ὣςτὼπαρβεβαῶτε‖μάλἕστασανἀλλήλοιιν
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἕστασαντὼthe twoὁ · nominative dual masculine pronounsubject of ἕστασανπαρβεβαῶτεclose besideπαραβαίνω · perfect active participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to ἕστασανμάλveryμάλα · adverbadverbial to παρβεβαῶτεἕστασανstoodἵστημι · pluperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀλλήλοιινone anotherἀλλήλων · dative dual masculine adjectiveobject of παρβεβαῶτε - 709
But many brave companions followed Telamonian Ajax,
Metre
ἀλλἤτοιΤελαμωνιάδῃ‖πολλοίτεκαὶἐσθλοὶ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἤτοιnowἤτοι · particlesentence particleΤελαμωνιάδῃTelamonian AjaxΤελαμωνιάδης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἕπονθ̓πολλοίmanyπολύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐσθλοὶbraveἐσθλός · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies καὶ - 710
comrades who took his shield from him in turn
Metre
λαοὶἕπονθἕταροι‖οἵοἱσάκοςἐξεδέχοντο
λαοὶcomradesλαός · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectἕπονθfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἕταροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubjectοἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐξεδέχοντοοἱfrom himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐξεδέχοντοσάκοςshieldσάκος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἐξεδέχοντοἐξεδέχοντοtook in turnἐκδέχομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἕταροι - 711
whenever toil and sweat came upon his knees.
Metre
ὁππότεμινκάματός‖τεκαὶἱδρὼςγούναθἵκοιτο
ὁππότεwheneverὁπότε · adverbadverbial to ἵκοιτομινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of ἵκοιτοκάματόςwearinessκάματος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἱδρὼςsweatἱδρώς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶγούναθhis kneesγόνυ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἵκοιτοἵκοιτοreachedἱκνέομαι · aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐξεδέχοντο - 712
But the great-hearted Locrians did not follow the son of Oileus;
Metre
οὐδἄρὈϊλιάδῃ‖μεγαλήτοριΛοκροὶἕποντο
ἄρthenἄρα · particlesentence particleὈϊλιάδῃson of OileusὈιλιάδης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἕποντομεγαλήτοριgreat-heartedμεγαλήτωρ · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὈϊλιάδῃΛοκροὶLocriansΛοκροί · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἕποντοἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 713
for their hearts did not abide the close-set fight.
Metre
οὐγάρσφισταδίῃ‖ὑσμίνῃμίμνεφίλονκῆρ
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleσφιtheirσφεῖς · dative plural masculine pronounmodifies κῆρσταδίῃclose-setστάδιος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ὑσμίνῃὑσμίνῃbattleὑσμίνη · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to μίμνεμίμνεabideμίμνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφίλονtheirφίλος · nominative singular neuter adjectivemodifies κῆρκῆρheartκῆρ · nominative singular neuter nounsubject of μίμνε - 714
They had no bronze helmets with horsehair crests,
Metre
οὐγὰρἔχονκόρυθας‖χαλκήρεαςἱπποδασείας
οὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔχονhadἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκόρυθαςhelmetsκόρυς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἔχονχαλκήρεαςbronzeχαλκήρης · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies κόρυθαςἱπποδασείαςhorsehair-crestedἱπποδάσεια · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies κόρυθας - 715
nor did they have round shields and ash spears,
Metre
οὐδἔχονἀσπίδαςεὐκύκλους‖καὶμείλιναδοῦρα
ἔχονhadἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀσπίδαςshieldsἀσπίς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶεὐκύκλουςroundεὔκυκλος · accusative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδαςκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμείλιναashμέλινος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies δοῦραδοῦραspearsδόρυ · accusative plural neuter nounobject of καὶ - 716
but with bows and well-twisted sheep's wool for slings
Metre
ἀλλἄρατόξοισιν‖καὶἐϋστρεφεῖοἶοςἀώτῳ
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτόξοισινbowsτόξον · dative plural neuter nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐϋστρεφεῖwell-twistedἐυστρεφής · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀώτῳοἶοςsheep'sὄις · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἀώτῳἀώτῳslingsἄωτος · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶ - 717
they had followed him to Ilios, trusting in those,
Metre
Ἴλιονεἰςἅμἕποντο‖πεποιθότεςοἷσινἔπειτα
Ἴλιονto IliosἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of εἰςεἰςtoεἰς · prepositionprepositionἅμwith himἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἕποντοἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπεποιθότεςtrustingπείθω · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἕποντοοἷσινin thoseὅς · dative plural neuter pronounadverbial to ῥήγνυντοἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ῥήγνυντο - 718
and with thick volleys they broke the Trojan ranks.
Metre
ταρφέαβάλλοντες‖Τρώωνῥήγνυντοφάλαγγας
ταρφέαthick volleysταρφύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to βάλλοντεςβάλλοντεςhurlingβάλλω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ῥήγνυντοΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies φάλαγγαςῥήγνυντοbrokeῥήγνυμι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing καὶφάλαγγαςbattalionsφάλαγξ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ῥήγνυντο - 719
So those in front, with their gleaming armor,
Metre
δήῥατόθοἳμὲνπρόσθε‖σὺνἔντεσιδαιδαλέοισι
δήsoδή · particlesentence particleῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleτόθthenτότε · adverbadverbial to δ̓οἳthoseὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of μάρναντομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleπρόσθεin frontπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to μάρναντοσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionἔντεσιarmorἔντεα · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺνδαιδαλέοισιcunning-wroughtδαιδάλεος · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔντεσι - 720
fought the Trojans and bronze-helmed Hector,
Metre
μάρναντοΤρωσίν‖τεκαὶἝκτοριχαλκοκορυστῇ
μάρναντοfoughtμάρναμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbΤρωσίνTrojansΤρώς · dative plural masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἝκτοριHectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶχαλκοκορυστῇbronze-helmedχαλκοκορυστής · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἕκτορι - 721
while those behind, shooting, escaped notice;
Metre
οἳὄπιθενβάλλοντες‖ἐλάνθανονοὐδέτιχάρμης
οἳthoseὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐλάνθανονδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὄπιθενfrom behindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to βάλλοντεςβάλλοντεςshootingβάλλω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἐλάνθανονἐλάνθανονescaped noticeλανθάνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbτιnothingτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to μιμνήσκοντοχάρμηςbattle joyχάρμη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of μιμνήσκοντο - 722
and the Trojans remembered nothing of battle, for the arrows threw them into confusion.
Metre
Τρῶεςμιμνήσκοντο‖συνεκλόνεονγὰρὀϊστοί
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of μιμνήσκοντομιμνήσκοντοrememberedμιμνήσκω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσυνεκλόνεονthrew into confusionσυγκλονέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleὀϊστοίarrowsὀιστός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of συνεκλόνεον - 723
Then in miserable plight from the ships and huts
Metre
ἔνθάκελευγαλέως‖νηῶνἄποκαὶκλισιάων
ἔνθάthenἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἐχώρησανκεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleλευγαλέωςin miseryλευγαλέος · adverbadverbial to ἐχώρησαννηῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of καὶἄποfromἀπό · prepositionprepositionκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordκλισιάωνhutsκλισία · genitive plural feminine nounobject of καὶ - 724
the Trojans would have drawn back toward windy Ilios,
Metre
Τρῶεςἐχώρησαν‖προτὶἼλιονἠνεμόεσσαν
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐχώρησανἐχώρησανwithdrawnχωρέω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbπροτὶtowardπρός · prepositionprepositionἼλιονof IlionἼλιος · accusative singular feminine nounobject of προτὶἠνεμόεσσανwindyἠνεμόεις · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιον - 725
if Polydamas had not stood beside bold Hector and said:
Metre
εἰμὴΠουλυδάμας‖θρασὺνἝκτοραεἶπεπαραστάς
εἰifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionμὴnotμή · particleemphasizing particleΠουλυδάμαςPolydamasΠουλυδάμας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of εἶπεθρασὺνboldθρασύς · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἝκτοραἝκτοραHectorἝκτωρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of παραστάςεἶπεspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἰπαραστάςstanding besideπαρίστημι · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to εἶπε - 726
"Hector, you are hard to persuade to yield to counsel.
Metre
Ἕκτορἀμήχανόςἐσσι‖παραρρητοῖσιπιθέσθαι
ἝκτορHectorἝκτωρ · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἀμήχανόςhard to persuadeἀμήχανος · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounἐσσιto beεἰμί · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπαραρρητοῖσιto counselπαραρρητός · dative plural neuter adjectiveobject of πιθέσθαιπιθέσθαιtrustingπείθω · aorist middle infinitiveadverbial to ἐσσι - 727
Because a god has given you deeds of war beyond others,
Metre
οὕνεκάτοιπερὶδῶκε‖θεὸςπολεμήϊαἔργα
οὕνεκάbecauseοὕνεκα · adverbadverbial to δῶκετοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δῶκεπερὶbeyond othersπερί · adverbadverbial to δῶκεδῶκεthey giveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to τοὔνεκαθεὸςgodθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δῶκεπολεμήϊαof warπολεμήιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαἔργαdeedἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of δῶκε - 728
for that reason you would also excel all men in counsel.
Metre
τοὔνεκακαὶβουλῇ‖ἐθέλειςπεριίδμεναιἄλλων
τοὔνεκαthereforeτοὔνεκα · adverbadverbial to ἐθέλειςκαὶandκαί · adverbemphasizing particleβουλῇin counselβουλεύς · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to περιίδμεναιἐθέλειςwishἐθέλω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπεριίδμεναιexcelπερίοιδα · perfect active infinitiveobject of ἐθέλειςἄλλωνothersἄλλος · genitive plural masculine adjectiveobject of περιίδμεναι - 729
But you can never take all things to yourself at once.
Metre
ἀλλοὔπωςἅμαπάντα‖δυνήσεαιαὐτὸςἑλέσθαι
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleπωςeverπως · particleadverbial to δυνήσεαιἅμαat onceἅμα · adverbadverbial to δυνήσεαιπάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἑλέσθαιδυνήσεαιwill be ableδύναμαι · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbαὐτὸςyourselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἑλέσθαιtake for yourselfαἱρέω · aorist middle infinitiveobject of δυνήσεαι - 730
To one man a god gave the works of war,
Metre
ἄλλῳμὲνγὰρἔδωκε‖θεὸςπολεμήϊαἔργα
ἄλλῳto oneἄλλος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobject of ἔδωκεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔδωκεgaveδίδωμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθεὸςgodθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἔδωκεπολεμήϊαwarlikeπολεμήιος · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔργαἔργαdeedsἔργον · accusative plural neuter nounobject of ἔδωκε - 731
to another the dance, to another the lyre and song,
Metre
ἄλλῳὀρχηστύν‖ἑτέρῳκίθαρινκαὶἀοιδήν
ἄλλῳto anotherἄλλος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobjectδandδέ · particlesentence particleὀρχηστύνdanceὀρχηστύς · accusative singular feminine nounobjectἑτέρῳto anotherἕτερος · dative singular masculine adjectiveobjectκίθαρινlyreκίθαρις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀοιδήνsongἀοιδή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶ - 732
and in another's breast wide-thundering Zeus places good understanding,
Metre
ἄλλῳἐνστήθεσσι‖τιθεῖνόονεὐρύοπαΖεὺς
ἄλλῳin anotherἄλλος · dative singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to τιθεῖδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσιhis breastστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounobject of ἐντιθεῖplacesτίθημι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbνόονunderstandingνόος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of τιθεῖεὐρύοπαwide-thunderingεὐρύοπα · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΖεὺςΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τιθεῖ - 733
and many men profit from it,
Metre
ἐσθλόντοῦδέτεπολλοὶ‖ἐπαυρίσκοντἄνθρωποι
ἐσθλόνgoodἐσθλός · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies νόοντοῦfrom itὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπαυρίσκοντ̓δέandδέ · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleπολλοὶmanyπολύς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἄνθρωποιἐπαυρίσκοντprofitἐπαυρέω · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἄνθρωποιmenἄνθρωπος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐπαυρίσκοντ̓ - 734
and it saves many, and he himself knows it best.
καίandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleπολέαςmanyπολύς · accusative plural neuter adjectiveobject of ἐσάωσεἐσάωσεsavedσώζω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμάλισταmost of allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to ἀνέγνωδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordκαὐτὸςhimselfαὐτός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνέγνωknowsἀναγιγνώσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 735
But I will say what seems to me to be best.
Metre
αὐτὰρἐγὼνἐρέω‖ὥςμοιδοκεῖεἶναιἄριστα
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleἐγὼνIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐρέωἐρέωsayἐρῶ · future active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbὥςwhatὡς · adverbadverbial to δοκεῖμοιmeἐγώ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of δοκεῖδοκεῖseemsδοκέω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbobject of ἐρέωεἶναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of δοκεῖἄρισταbestἄριστος · accusative plural neuter adjectivepredicate noun - 736
For the crown of war has been kindled all around you.
Metre
πάντῃγάρσεπερὶ‖στέφανοςπολέμοιοδέδηε
πάντῃall aroundπάντῃ · adverbadverbial to δέδηεγάρforγάρ · particlesentence particleσεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounadverbial to περὶπερὶaroundπερί · prepositionprepositionστέφανοςcrownστέφανος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of δέδηεπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies στέφανοςδέδηεblazesδαίω · perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 737
Since the great-hearted Trojans came over the wall,
ΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔβησανδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleμεγάθυμοιgreat-heartedμεγάθυμος · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Τρῶεςἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionτεῖχοςwallτεῖχος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of κατὰἔβησανwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἐπεὶ - 738
some stand apart in their armor, while others fight
Metre
οἳμὲνἀφεστᾶσιν‖σὺντεύχεσινοἳδὲμάχονται
οἳsomeὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἀφεστᾶσινμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἀφεστᾶσινstand apartἀφίστημι · perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbσὺνin armorσύν · prepositionprepositionτεύχεσινarmorτεῦχος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺνοἳothersὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of μάχονταιδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordμάχονταιfightμάχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 739
fewer against more, scattered among the ships.
Metre
παυρότεροιπλεόνεσσι‖κεδασθέντεςκατὰνῆας
παυρότεροιfewerπαῦρος · nominative plural masculine comparative adjectivemodifies οἳπλεόνεσσιagainst moreπλείων · dative plural comparative adjectiveobject of μάχονταικεδασθέντεςscatteredκεδάννυμι · aorist passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to μάχονταικατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionνῆαςshipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to κατὰ - 740
But draw back and call all the best men here.
Metre
ἀλλἀναχασσάμενος‖κάλειἐνθάδεπάνταςἀρίστους
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleἀναχασσάμενοςdrawing backἀναχάζω · aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κάλεικάλειcallκαλέω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbἐνθάδεhereἐνθάδε · adverbobject of κάλειπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρίστουςἀρίστουςbestἄριστος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of κάλει - 741
Then from there we might consider every counsel fully,
ἔνθενfrom thereἔνθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐπιφρασσαίμεθαδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἂνwouldἄν · particlesentence particleμάλαfullyμάλα · adverbemphasizing particleπᾶσανallπᾶς · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies βουλὴνἐπιφρασσαίμεθαconsiderἐπιφράζω · aorist middle optative, 1st plural verbmain verbβουλὴνcounselβουλή · accusative singular feminine nounobject - 742
whether we should fall upon the many-benched ships,
Metre
ἤκενἐνὶνήεσσι‖πολυκλήϊσιπέσωμεν
ἤwhetherἤ · conjunctionsentence particleκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐνὶuponἐν · prepositionprepositionνήεσσιshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounobject of ἐνὶπολυκλήϊσιmany-benchedπολυκλήις · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νήεσσιπέσωμενfallπίπτω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbobject of ἦ - 743
if a god is willing to give us the victory, or afterwards
Metre
αἴἐθέλῃσιθεὸς‖δόμεναικράτοςἦκενἔπειτα
αἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἐθέλῃσιis willingἐθέλω · present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verbadverbial to αἴθεὸςgodθεός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐθέλῃσιδόμεναιto giveδίδωμι · aorist active infinitiveobject of ἐθέλῃσικράτοςvictoryκράτος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of δόμεναιἦorἤ · conjunctioncoordinating wordκενwouldἄν · particlesentence particleἔπειταthenἔπειτα · adverbadverbial to ἔλθωμεν - 744
withdraw unscathed from the ships. For I indeed
Metre
πὰρνηῶνἔλθωμεν‖ἀπήμονεςἦγὰρἔγωγε
πὰρfromπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηῶνshipsναῦς · genitive plural feminine nounobject of πὰρἔλθωμενgoἔρχομαι · aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verbobject of ἦἀπήμονεςunscathedἀπήμων · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleἔγωγεIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of δείδω - 745
fear that the Achaeans may pay back yesterday's debt,
Metre
δείδωμὴτὸχθιζὸν‖ἀποστήσωνταιἈχαιοὶ
δείδωI fearδείδω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbμὴthatμή · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτὸtheὁ · accusative singular neuter articlemodifies χρεῖοςχθιζὸνyesterday'sχθιζός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies χρεῖοςἀποστήσωνταιmay pay backἀφίστημι · aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd plural verbobject of μὴἈχαιοὶAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἀποστήσωνται - 746
since a man glutted with battle waits beside the ships,
Metre
χρεῖοςἐπεὶπαρὰνηυσὶν‖ἀνὴρἆτοςπολέμοιο
χρεῖοςdebtχρέος · accusative singular neuter nounobject of ἀποστήσωνταιἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶνshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰἀνὴρmanἀνήρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of μίμνειἆτοςgluttedἄατος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνὴρπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ἆτος - 747
and I do not think he will much longer refrain from war."
Metre
μίμνειὃνοὐκέτιπάγχυ‖μάχηςσχήσεσθαιὀΐω
μίμνειwaitsμίμνω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶὃνwhomὅς · accusative singular masculine pronounsubject of σχήσεσθαιοὐκέτιno longerοὐκέτι · adverbadverbial to σχήσεσθαιπάγχυmuch longerπάγχυ · adverbadverbial to σχήσεσθαιμάχηςfrom battleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of σχήσεσθαισχήσεσθαιrefrainἔχω · future middle infinitiveobject of ὀΐωὀΐωI thinkοἴομαι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbverb of a clause describing ἀνὴρ - 748
So Polydamas spoke, and his harmless counsel pleased Hector,
Metre
ὣςφάτοΠουλυδάμας‖ἅδεἝκτοριμῦθοςἀπήμων
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φάτοφάτοhe spokeφημί · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΠουλυδάμαςPolydamasΠουλυδάμας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of φάτοἅδεpleasedἁνδάνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlesentence particleἝκτοριHectorἝκτωρ · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἅδεμῦθοςcounselμῦθος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἅδεἀπήμωνharmlessἀπήμων · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies μῦθος - 749
and at once he leapt to the ground from his chariot in his armor.
Metre
αὐτίκαἐξὀχέων‖σὺντεύχεσινἆλτοχαμᾶζε
αὐτίκαat onceαὐτίκα · adverbadverbial to καίδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionὀχέωνchariotὄχος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἐξσὺνwithσύν · prepositionprepositionτεύχεσινarmorτεῦχος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to σὺνἆλτοleaptἅλλομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαμᾶζεto the groundχαμᾶζε · adverbobject of ἆλτο - 750
And speaking to him he addressed him with winged words:
Metre
καίμινφωνήσας‖ἔπεαπτερόενταπροσηύδα
καίandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordμινhimμιν · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσηύδαφωνήσαςspeakingφωνέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσηύδαἔπεαwinged wordsἔπος · accusative plural neuter nounobject of προσηύδαπτερόενταwingedπτερόεις · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἔπεαπροσηύδαaddressedπροσαυδάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verb - 751
"Polydamas, do you hold all the best men here in this place,
Metre
Πουλυδάμασὺμὲναὐτοῦ‖ἐρύκακεπάνταςἀρίστους
ΠουλυδάμαPolydamasΠουλυδάμας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of ἐρύκακεμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleαὐτοῦhereαὐτοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἐρύκακεἐρύκακεholdἐρύκω · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbπάνταςallπᾶς · accusative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀρίστουςἀρίστουςbestἄριστος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἐρύκακε - 752
I will go there and meet the battle,
Metre
αὐτὰρἐγὼκεῖσεἶμι‖καὶἀντιόωπολέμοιο
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐγὼIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of καὶκεῖσthereἐκεῖσε · adverbobject of εἶμιεἶμιwill goεἶμι · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἀντιόωmeetἀντιάω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἀντιόω - 753
and I will swiftly come back when I have well given them my commands."
Metre
αἶψαἐλεύσομαιαὖτις‖ἐπὴνεὖτοῖςἐπιτείλω
αἶψαsoonαἶψα · adverbadverbial to ἐλεύσομαιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐλεύσομαιcomeἔρχομαι · future middle indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbαὖτιςbackαὖθις · adverbadverbial to ἐλεύσομαιἐπὴνwhenἐπήν · adverbadverbial to ἐπιτείλωεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to ἐπιτείλωτοῖςto themὁ · dative plural masculine pronounobject of ἐπιτείλωἐπιτείλωcommandἐπιτέλλω · aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verbadverbial to ἐλεύσομαι - 754
So he spoke, and rushed off like a snowy mountain,
Metre
ἦῥακαὶὁρμήθη‖ὄρεϊνιφόεντιἐοικὼς
ἦso he spokeἠμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbῥαthenἄρα · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleὁρμήθηrushedὁρμάω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbὄρεϊmountainὄρος · dative singular neuter nounobject of ἐοικὼςνιφόεντιsnowyνιφόεις · dative singular neuter adjectivemodifies ὄρεϊἐοικὼςin likenessἔοικα · perfect active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὁρμήθη - 755
shouting aloud, and sped through Trojans and allies.
κεκλήγωνshoutingκλάζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ὁρμήθηδιὰthroughδιά · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἠδ̓πέτετspedπέτομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπικούρωνalliesἐπίκουρος · genitive plural masculine nounobject of ἠδ̓ - 756
And all hurried toward Panthoos' brave son
Metre
οἳἐςΠανθοΐδην‖ἀγαπήνοραΠουλυδάμαντα
οἳallὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἐπεσσεύοντ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐςtowardεἰς · prepositionprepositionΠανθοΐδηνPanthoos' sonΠανθοίδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Πουλυδάμανταἀγαπήνοραbraveἀγαπήνωρ · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠουλυδάμανταΠουλυδάμανταPolydamasΠουλυδάμας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἐς - 757
Polydamas, since they heard Hector's voice.
Metre
πάντεςἐπεσσεύοντ‖ἐπεὶἝκτοροςἔκλυοναὐδήν
πάντεςallπᾶς · nominative plural masculine adjectivemodifies οἳἐπεσσεύοντhurriedἐπισεύω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · adverbadverbial to ἔκλυονἝκτοροςHectorἝκτωρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies αὐδήνἔκλυονheardκλύω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to ἐπεσσεύοντ̓αὐδήνvoiceαὐδή · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔκλυον - 758
But he kept going through the foremost ranks, seeking
Metre
αὐτὰρὃΔηΐφοβόν‖τεβίηνἙλένοιοἄνακτος
αὐτὰρbutἀτάρ · particlesentence particleὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of φοίταΔηΐφοβόνDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶτεandτε · particlesentence particleβίηνthe strengthβία · accusative singular feminine nounobject of καὶθandτε · particlesentence particleἙλένοιοHelenusἝλενος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βίηνἄνακτοςlordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἑλένοιο - 759
Deiphobus and the strength of lord Helenus
Metre
ἈσιάδηνἈδάμαντα‖καὶἌσιονὙρτάκουυἱὸν
ἈσιάδηνAsius' sonἈσιάδης · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀδάμαντατandτε · particlesentence particleἈδάμανταAdamasἌδαμας · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἌσιονAsiusἄσιος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶὙρτάκουHyrtacusὝρτακος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱὸνυἱὸνsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἄσιον - 760
and Adamas son of Asius and Asius son of Hyrtacus,
Metre
φοίταἀνὰπρομάχους‖διζήμενοςεἴπουἐφεύροι
φοίταkept goingφοιτάω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀνὰthroughἀνά · prepositionprepositionπρομάχουςforemost ranksπρόμαχος · accusative plural masculine adjectiveobject of ἀνὰδιζήμενοςseekingδίζημαι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to φοίταεἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπουanywhereπού · adverbsentence particleἐφεύροιfindἐφευρίσκω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to εἴ - 761
if anywhere he might find them. But he found them no longer
Metre
τοὺςεὗροὐκέτιπάμπαν‖ἀπήμοναςοὐδἀνολέθρους
τοὺςthemὁ · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of εὗῤδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordεὗρfoundεὑρίσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbοὐκέτιno longerοὐκέτι · adverbadverbial to ἀπήμοναςπάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to ἀπήμοναςἀπήμοναςunharmedἀπήμων · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀνολέθρουςaliveἀνόλεθρος · accusative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complement - 762
unwounded and alive; instead some of them beside the sterns of the Achaean ships
Metre
ἀλλοἳμὲνδὴνηυσὶν‖ἔπιπρυμνῇσινἈχαιῶν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · adverbsentence particleοἳsomeὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of κέατομὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleδὴnowδή · particlesentence particleνηυσὶνshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἔπιἔπιonἐπί · prepositionprepositionπρυμνῇσινsternsπρυμνός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶνἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies νηυσὶν - 763
lay at the hands of the Argives, having lost their lives,
Metre
χερσὶνὑπἈργείων‖κέατοψυχὰςὀλέσαντες
χερσὶνat the handsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ὑπ̓ὑπunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἈργείωνArgivesἈργεῖος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies χερσὶνκέατοlayκεῖμαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbψυχὰςtheir livesψυχή · accusative plural feminine nounadverbial to ὀλέσαντεςὀλέσαντεςhaving lostὄλλυμι · aorist active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to κέατο - 764
and some were within the wall, struck and wounded.
Metre
οἳἐντείχειἔσαν‖βεβλημένοιοὐτάμενοίτε
οἳsomeὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἔσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐνinἐν · prepositionprepositionτείχειwallτεῖχος · dative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἐνἔσανwereεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbβεβλημένοιstruckβάλλω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τεοὐτάμενοίwoundedοὐτάω · aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 765
But quickly he found on the left of the tearful battle
Metre
τὸνδὲτάχεὗρεμάχης‖ἐπἀριστερὰδακρυοέσσης
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobjectδὲbutδέ · particlesentence particleτάχquicklyτάχα · adverbadverbial to εὗρεεὗρεfoundεὑρίσκω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμάχηςof battleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies ἀριστερὰἐπonἐπί · prepositionprepositionἀριστερὰon the leftἀριστερός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to ἐπ̓δακρυοέσσηςtearfulδακρυόεις · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies μάχης - 766
godlike Paris, husband of lovely-haired Helen,
δῖονgodlikeδῖος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἈλέξανδρονἈλέξανδρονAlexanderἈλέξανδρος · accusative singular masculine nounobjectἙλένηςHelenἙλένη · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies πόσινπόσινhusbandπόσις · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀλέξανδρονἠϋκόμοιοlovely-hairedεὔκομος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἑλένης - 767
heartening his companions and urging them to fight,
Metre
θαρσύνονθἑτάρους‖καὶἐποτρύνονταμάχεσθαι
θαρσύνονθhearteningθαρσύνω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementἑτάρουςcompanionsἑταῖρος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of θαρσύνονθ̓καὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐποτρύνονταurgingἐποτρύνω · present active participle, accusative singular masculinecircumstantial complementμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ἐποτρύνοντα - 768
and standing close beside him he spoke with words of reproach:
Metre
ἀγχοῦἱστάμενος‖προσέφηαἰσχροῖςἐπέεσσι
ἀγχοῦnearbyἀγχοῦ · adverbadverbial to ἱστάμενοςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἱστάμενοςstandingἵστημι · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προσέφηπροσέφηspokeπρόσφημι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἰσχροῖςwith reproachfulαἰσχρός · dative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἐπέεσσιἐπέεσσιwordsἔπος · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to προσέφη - 769
"Evil Paris, best in looks, woman-mad, deceiver,
Metre
Δύσπαριεἶδοςἄριστε‖γυναιμανὲςἠπεροπευτὰ
Δύσπαριevil ParisΔύσπαρις · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headεἶδοςin looksεἶδος · accusative singular neuter nounadverbial to ἄριστεἄριστεbestἄριστος · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Δύσπαριγυναιμανὲςwoman-madγυναιμανής · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Δύσπαριἠπεροπευτὰdeceiverἠπεροπευτής · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies Δύσπαρι - 770
where are Deiphobus and the strength of lord Helenus,
Metre
ποῦτοιΔηΐφοβός‖τεβίηἙλένοιοἄνακτος
ποῦwhereποῦ · adverbadverbialτοιthenτοι · particlesentence particleΔηΐφοβόςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠδ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleβίηthe strengthβία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἠδ̓θandτε · particlesentence particleἙλένοιοHelenusἝλενος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βίηἄνακτοςlordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἑλένοιο - 771
and Adamas son of Asius, and Asius son of Hyrtacus?
Metre
ἈσιάδηςἈδάμας‖ἠδἌσιοςὙρτάκουυἱός
ἈσιάδηςAsius' sonἈσιάδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἀδάμαςτandτε · particlesentence particleἈδάμαςAdamasἌδαμας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠδ̓ἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἌσιοςAsiusἌσιος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἠδ̓ὙρτάκουHyrtacusὝρτακος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἱόςυἱόςsonυἱός · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἄσιος - 772
Where is Othryoneus? Now steep Ilios has utterly perished.
Metre
ποῦδέτοιὈθρυονεύς‖νῦνὤλετοπᾶσακατἄκρης
ποῦwhereποῦ · adverbadverbialδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordτοιfor youτοι · particlesentence particleὈθρυονεύςOthryoneusὈθρυονεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ὤλετοὤλετοhas perishedὄλλυμι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπᾶσαallπᾶς · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιοςκατfrom top to bottomκατά · prepositionprepositionἄκρηςutterlyἄκρα · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to κατ̓ - 773
Now indeed sheer destruction stands near you."
Metre
Ἴλιοςαἰπεινή‖νῦντοισῶςαἰπὺςὄλεθρος
ἼλιοςIliosἼλιος · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὤλετοαἰπεινήsteepαἰπεινός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἴλιοςνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbialτοιindeedτοι · particlesentence particleσῶςsureσῶς · nominative singular masculine adjectivepredicate nounαἰπὺςsheerαἰπύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὄλεθροςὄλεθροςdestructionὄλεθρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 774
Then godlike Paris answered him:
τὸνhimὁ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of προσέειπενδandδέ · particlesentence particleαὖτεin turnαὖτε · adverbsentence particleπροσέειπενansweredπροσεῖπον · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἈλέξανδροςAlexanderἈλέξανδρος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προσέειπενθεοειδήςgodlikeθεοειδής · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀλέξανδρος - 775
"Hector, since your heart drives you to blame one who is guiltless,
Metre
Ἕκτορἐπείτοιθυμὸς‖ἀναίτιοναἰτιάασθαι
ἝκτορHectorἝκτωρ · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἐπείsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionτοιyouσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμὸςθυμὸςyour heartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounἀναίτιονguiltlessἀναίτιος · accusative singular masculine adjectiveobject of αἰτιάασθαιαἰτιάασθαιblameαἰτιάομαι · present medio-passive infinitivesubject - 776
some other day I might perhaps hold back from battle more,
Metre
ἄλλοτεδήποτεμᾶλλον‖ἐρωῆσαιπολέμοιο
ἄλλοτεsome other dayἄλλοτε · adverbadverbial to μέλλωδήnowδή · particlesentence particleποτεperhapsποτέ · particlesentence particleμᾶλλονmoreμᾶλλον · adverbadverbial to μέλλωἐρωῆσαιshrink fromἐρωέω · aorist active infinitiveobject of μέλλωπολέμοιοwarπόλεμος · genitive singular masculine nounobject of ἐρωῆσαι - 777
since my mother did not bear me utterly without courage.
μέλλωam likelyμέλλω · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbἐπεὶsinceἐπεί · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionἐμὲmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of γείνατοπάμπανat allπάμπαν · adverbadverbial to γείνατοἀνάλκιδαcowardlyἄναλκις · accusative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementγείνατοboreγείνομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἐπεὶμήτηρmotherμήτηρ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of γείνατο - 778
From the hour when you stirred the battle of our companions beside the ships,
Metre
ἐξοὗγὰρπαρὰνηυσὶ‖μάχηνἤγειραςἑταίρων
ἐξsinceἐκ · prepositionprepositionοὗwhenὅς · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐξγὰρforγάρ · particlesentence particleπαρὰbesideπαρά · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to παρὰμάχηνbattleμάχη · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἤγειραςἤγειραςstirredἐγείρω · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to ἐκἑταίρωνcompanionsἑταῖρος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies μάχην - 779
from that hour we have been here, fighting hand to hand
Metre
ἐκτοῦἐνθάδἐόντες‖ὁμιλέομενΔαναοῖσι
ἐκfrom that timeἐκ · prepositionprepositionτοῦthatὁ · genitive singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἐκδandδέ · particlesentence particleἐνθάδhereἐνθάδε · adverbadverbial to ἐόντεςἐόντεςbeingεἰμί · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ὁμιλέομενὁμιλέομενfight hand to handὁμιλέω · present active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbΔαναοῖσιagainst DanaansΔαναοί · dative plural masculine nounobject of ὁμιλέομεν - 780
without ceasing against the Danaans; but the companions you ask after have been killed.
Metre
νωλεμέωςἕταροι‖δὲκατέκταθενοὓςσὺμεταλλᾷς
νωλεμέωςwithout ceasingνωλεμές · adverbadverbial to ὁμιλέομενἕταροιcompanionsἑταῖρος · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of κατέκταθενδὲbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordκατέκταθενhave been killedκατακτείνω · aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbοὓςwhomὅς · accusative plural masculine pronounobject of μεταλλᾷςσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of μεταλλᾷςμεταλλᾷςask afterμεταλλάω · present active indicative, 2nd singular verbverb of a clause describing ἕταροι - 781
Only Deiphobus and the strength of lord Helenus
Metre
οἴωΔηΐφοβός‖τεβίηἙλένοιοἄνακτος
οἴωI thinkοἶος · nominative dual masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementΔηΐφοβόςDeiphobusΔηίφοβος · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of θ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleβίηthe strengthβία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of θ̓θandτε · particlecoordinating wordἙλένοιοHelenusἝλενος · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βίηἄνακτοςtheir lordἄναξ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies Ἑλένοιο - 782
are gone away, both wounded in the hand
Metre
οἴχεσθονμακρῇσι‖τετυμμένωἐγχείῃσιν
οἴχεσθονare goneοἴχομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verbmain verbμακρῇσιwith longμακρός · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies ἐγχείῃσιντετυμμένωwoundedτύπτω · perfect medio-passive participle, nominative dual masculineadverbial to οἴχεσθονἐγχείῃσινwith spearsἐγχείη · dative plural feminine nounobject of τετυμμένω - 783
with the long spear; yet the son of Cronos warded death from them.
ἀμφοτέρωbothἀμφότερος · nominative dual masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementκατὰthroughκατά · prepositionprepositionχεῖραhandχείρ · accusative singular feminine nounobject of κατὰφόνονdeathφόνος · accusative singular masculine nounobject of ἤμυνεδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἤμυνεwarded offἀμύνω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbΚρονίωνCronionΚρονίων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἤμυνε - 784
But now lead wherever your heart and spirit bid you,
Metre
νῦνἄρχὅππῃσε‖κραδίηθυμόςτεκελεύει
νῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to ἄρχ̓δbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordἄρχleadἄρχω · present active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbὅππῃwhereverὅπη · adverbadverbial to κελεύεισεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of κελεύεικραδίηheartκαρδία · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of τεθυμόςspiritθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating wordκελεύειbidsκελεύω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to ἄρχ̓ - 785
and we, eager as we are, will follow with you.
Metre
ἡμεῖςἐμμεμαῶτες‖ἅμἑψόμεθοὐδέτίφημι
ἡμεῖςweἐγώ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἑψόμεθ̓δandδέ · particlesentence particleἐμμεμαῶτεςeagerἐμμεμαώς · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἑψόμεθ̓ἅμwithἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἑψόμεθ̓ἑψόμεθfollowἕπομαι · future middle indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbτίanythingτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to φημιφημιI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verb - 786
And I do not say that you will find us lacking in courage,
Metre
ἀλκῆςδευήσεσθαι‖ὅσηδύναμίςγεπάρεστι
ἀλκῆςof courageἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of δευήσεσθαιδευήσεσθαιto be lackingδεύω · future middle infinitiveobject of φημιὅσηso far asὅσος · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies δύναμίςδύναμίςstrengthδύναμις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of πάρεστιγεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleπάρεστιis presentπάρειμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δευήσεσθαι - 787
so far as our strength is present; beyond his strength no man, however eager, can fight."
Metre
πὰρδύναμινοὐκἔστι‖καὶἐσσύμενονπολεμίζειν
πὰρbeyondπαρά · prepositionprepositionδύναμινstrengthδύναμις · accusative singular feminine nounadverbial to πὰρδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοὐκnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleἔστιit is possibleεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbκαὶevenκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἐσσύμενονrushing onσεύω · present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculineadverbial to πολεμίζεινπολεμίζεινfightπολεμίζω · present active infinitivesubject of ἔστι - 788
So speaking, the hero swayed his brother's mind
Metre
ὣςεἰπὼνπαρέπεισεν‖ἀδελφειοῦφρέναςἥρως
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπὼνεἰπὼνspeakingεἶπον · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to παρέπεισενπαρέπεισενswayedπαραπείθω · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀδελφειοῦhis brother'sἀδελφός · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies φρέναςφρέναςmindφρήν · accusative plural feminine nounobject of παρέπεισενἥρωςheroἥρως · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of παρέπεισεν - 789
And they went where the battle and fighting were fiercest,
Metre
βὰνἴμενἔνθαμάλιστα‖μάχηκαὶφύλοπιςἦεν
βὰνwentβαίνω · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴμενgoεἶμι · present active infinitiveadverbial to βὰνἔνθαthereἔνθα · adverbadverbial to ἦενμάλισταmost of allμάλιστα · adverbadverbial to ἦενμάχηbattleμάχη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordφύλοπιςfightingφύλοπις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶἦενwasεἰμί · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbobject of ἴμεν - 790
about Cebriones and blameless Polydamas
Metre
ἀμφίτεΚεβριόνην‖καὶἀμύμοναΠουλυδάμαντα
ἀμφίaboutἀμφί · prepositionprepositionτεandτε · particlesentence particleΚεβριόνηνCebrionesΚεβριόνης · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓καὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἀμύμοναblamelessἀμύμων · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠουλυδάμανταΠουλυδάμανταPolydamasΠουλυδάμας · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓ - 791
Phalces and Orthaeus and godlike Polyphetes,
Metre
ΦάλκηνὈρθαῖόν‖τεκαὶἀντίθεονΠολυφήτην
ΦάλκηνPhalcesΦάλκης · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓ὈρθαῖόνOrthaeusὈρθαῖος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleκαὶandκαί · conjunctionsentence particleἀντίθεονgodlikeἀντίθεος · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ΠολυφήτηνΠολυφήτηνPolyphetesΠολυφήτης · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓ - 792
and Palmys and Ascanius and Morys son of Hippotion,
Metre
ΠάλμύνἈσκάνιόν‖τεΜόρυνυἷἹπποτίωνος
ΠάλμύνPalmysΠάλμυς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓τandτε · particlesentence particleἈσκάνιόνAscaniusἈσκάνιος · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓τεandτε · particlesentence particleΜόρυνMorysΜόρυς · accusative singular masculine nounadverbial to θ̓θandτε · particlecoordinating wordυἷsonυἱός · accusative singular masculine nounmodifies ΜόρυνἹπποτίωνοςHippotionἹπποτίων · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies υἷ̓ - 793
who had come from deep-soiled Ascania as relief men
Metre
οἵἐξἈσκανίης‖ἐριβώλακοςἦλθονἀμοιβοὶ
οἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἦλθονῥthenἄρα · particlesentence particleἐξfromἐκ · prepositionprepositionἈσκανίηςAscaniaἈσκανίη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἐξἐριβώλακοςdeep-soiledἐριβῶλαξ · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies Ἀσκανίηςἦλθονcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing θ̓ἀμοιβοὶas relief menἀμοιβός · nominative plural masculine nouncircumstantial complement - 794
on the day before; but now Zeus urged them to fight.
Metre
ἠοῖτῇπροτέρῃ‖τότεδὲΖεὺςὦρσεμάχεσθαι
ἠοῖthe day beforeἠώς · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἦλθοντῇtheὁ · dative singular feminine articlemodifies προτέρῃπροτέρῃpreviousπρότερος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἠοῖτότεthenτότε · adverbadverbial to ὦρσεδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordΖεὺςZeusΖεύς · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ὦρσεὦρσεstirredὄρνυμι · aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμάχεσθαιto fightμάχομαι · present medio-passive infinitiveobject of ὦρσε - 795
They went like the blasts of grievous winds,
Metre
οἳἴσανἀργαλέων‖ἀνέμωνἀτάλαντοιἀέλλῃ
οἳtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἴσανδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴσανwentεἶμι · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbἀργαλέωνgrievousἀργαλέος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀνέμωνἀνέμωνwindsἄνεμος · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀέλλῃἀτάλαντοιequalἀτάλαντος · nominative plural masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementἀέλλῃblastsἄελλα · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἀτάλαντοι - 796
which go over the earth beneath the thunder of father Zeus,
Metre
ἥῥάὑπὸβροντῆς‖πατρὸςΔιὸςεἶσιπέδονδέ
ἥwhichὁ · nominative singular feminine pronounsubject of εἶσιῥάthenἄρα · particlesentence particleθandτε · particlesentence particleὑπὸbeneathὑπό · prepositionprepositionβροντῆςthunderβροντή · genitive singular feminine nounadverbial to ὑπὸπατρὸςfatherπατήρ · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies ΔιὸςΔιὸςZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies βροντῆςεἶσιgoεἶμι · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing αὐτὰρπέδονearthπέδον · accusative singular neuter nounobject of εἶσιδέandδέ · particleemphasizing particle - 797
and with wondrous roar mingle with the sea, and in it many
Metre
θεσπεσίῳὁμάδῳ‖ἁλὶμίσγεταιἐνδέτεπολλὰ
θεσπεσίῳwondrousθεσπέσιος · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ὁμάδῳδandδέ · particlesentence particleὁμάδῳroarὅμαδος · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to μίσγεταιἁλὶwith the seaἅλς · dative singular feminine nounobject of μίσγεταιμίσγεταιminglesμίγνυμι · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing αὐτὰρἐνand in itἐν · prepositionadverbialδέandδέ · particlesentence particleτεandτε · particlesentence particleπολλὰmanyπολύς · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κύματα - 798
waves of the loud-roaring sea crash and splash,
Metre
κύματαπαφλάζοντα‖πολυφλοίσβοιοθαλάσσης
κύματαwavesκῦμα · nominative plural neuter nounsubjectπαφλάζονταsplashingπαφλάζω · present active participle, nominative plural neutermodifies κύματαπολυφλοίσβοιοloud-roaringπολύφλοισβος · genitive singular feminine adjectivemodifies θαλάσσηςθαλάσσηςseaθάλασσα · genitive singular feminine nounmodifies κύματα - 799
arched and white-crested, one before another and another after.
κυρτὰarchedκυρτός · nominative plural neuter adjectivemodifies κύματαφαληριόωνταwhite-crestedφαληριάω · present active participle, nominative plural neutermodifies κύματαπρὸbeforeπρό · adverbadverbialμένindeedμέν · particlesentence particleτandτε · particlesentence particleἄλλanotherἄλλος · nominative plural neuter adjectivesubjectαὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπuponἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleἄλλαanotherἄλλος · nominative plural neuter adjectivesubject - 800
So the Trojans, rank on rank, some before and others after,
Metre
ὣςΤρῶεςπρὸμὲνἄλλοι‖ἀρηρότεςαὐτὰρἐπἄλλοι
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to ἕποντοΤρῶεςTrojansΤρώς · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἕποντοπρὸrank on rankπρό · adverbadverbialμὲνindeedμέν · particlesentence particleἄλλοιsomeἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubjectἀρηρότεςarrayedἀραρίσκω · perfect active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἕποντοαὐτὰρthenἀτάρ · conjunctioncoordinating wordἐπafterἐπί · adverbadverbialἄλλοιothersἄλλος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject - 801
gleaming in bronze, followed with their leaders.
Metre
χαλκῷμαρμαίροντες‖ἅμἡγεμόνεσσινἕποντο
χαλκῷin bronzeχαλκός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to μαρμαίροντεςμαρμαίροντεςgleamingμαρμαίρω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to ἕποντοἅμwithἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἕποντοἡγεμόνεσσινtheir leadersἡγεμών · dative plural masculine nounobject of ἕποντοἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 802
Hector son of Priam led them, like man-slaying Ares,
Metre
Ἕκτωρἡγεῖτο‖βροτολοιγῷἶσοςἌρηϊ
ἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἡγεῖτοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἡγεῖτοledἡγέομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbβροτολοιγῷman-slayingβροτολοιγός · dative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Ἄρηϊἶσοςequalἴσος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἝκτωρἌρηϊAresἌρης · dative singular masculine nounobject of ἶσος - 803
and before him he held his shield, equal every way,
ΠριαμίδηςPriam's sonΠριαμίδης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies Ἕκτωρπρόσθενbefore himπρόσθεν · adverbadverbial to ἔχενδandδέ · particlesentence particleἔχενheldἔχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἀσπίδαshieldἀσπίς · accusative singular feminine nounobject of ἔχενπάντοσin every wayπάντοσε · adverbadverbial to ἐΐσηνἐΐσηνequalἔισος · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδα - 804
thick with hides, and much bronze had been driven upon it;
ῥινοῖσινwith hidesῥινόν · dative plural neuter nounadverbial to πυκινήνπυκινήνthickπυκινός · accusative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἀσπίδαπολλὸςmuchπολύς · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χαλκόςδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἐπελήλατοhad been drivenἐπελαύνω · pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbχαλκόςbronzeχαλκός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐπελήλατο - 805
and about his temples his shining helmet shook.
Metre
ἀμφὶδέοἱκροτάφοισι‖φαεινὴσείετοπήληξ
ἀμφὶaroundἀμφί · prepositionprepositionδέandδέ · particlecoordinating wordοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies κροτάφοισικροτάφοισιhis templesκρόταφος · dative plural masculine nounadverbial to ἀμφὶφαεινὴshiningφαεινός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πήληξσείετοshookσείω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπήληξhelmetπήληξ · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of σείετο - 806
He tried the ranks all along, stepping in front,
Metre
πάντῃἀμφὶφάλαγγας‖ἐπειρᾶτοπροποδίζων
πάντῃeverywhereπάντῃ · adverbadverbial to ἐπειρᾶτοδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφὶalongἀμφί · adverbadverbial to ἐπειρᾶτοφάλαγγαςbattalionsφάλαγξ · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐπειρᾶτοἐπειρᾶτοtriedπειράω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbπροποδίζωνstepping aheadπροποδίζω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἐπειρᾶτο - 807
to see if they would yield as he drove on beneath his shield;
Metre
εἴπώςοἱεἴξειαν‖ὑπασπίδιαπροβιβῶντι
εἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionπώςif somehowπως · particleadverbial to εἴξειανοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of εἴξειανεἴξειανwould yieldεἴκω · aorist active optative, 3rd plural verbadverbial to εἴὑπασπίδιαbeneath his shieldὑπασπίδιος · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to προβιβῶντιπροβιβῶντιas he drove onπροβιβάζω · future active participle, dative singular masculinecircumstantial complement - 808
but he did not confound the spirit in the breasts of the Achaeans.
Metre
ἀλλοὐσύγχειθυμὸν‖ἐνὶστήθεσσινἈχαιῶν
ἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctionsentence particleοὐnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleσύγχειconfoundedσυγχέω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbθυμὸνheartθυμός · accusative singular masculine nounobject of σύγχειἐνὶinἐν · prepositionprepositionστήθεσσινbreastsστῆθος · dative plural neuter nounmodifies ἐνὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies στήθεσσιν - 809
Ajax was first to challenge him, striding far ahead:
Metre
Αἴαςδὲπρῶτος‖προκαλέσσατομακρὰβιβάσθων
ΑἴαςAjaxΑἴας · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of προκαλέσσατοδὲandδέ · particlesentence particleπρῶτοςfirstπρῶτος · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementπροκαλέσσατοchallengedπροκαλέω · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbμακρὰfarμακρός · accusative plural neuter adjectiveadverbial to βιβάσθωνβιβάσθωνstridingβιβάσθω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to προκαλέσσατο - 810
"Strange man, come near. Why do you vainly try to frighten
Metre
δαιμόνιεσχεδὸνἐλθέ‖τίἢδειδίσσεαιαὔτως
δαιμόνιεstrange manδαιμόνιος · vocative singular masculine adjectivegoverned by an elided headσχεδὸνnearσχεδόν · adverbobject of ἐλθέἐλθέcomeἔρχομαι · aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verbmain verbτίwhyτίς · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to δειδίσσεαιἢthenἤ · conjunctionsentence particleδειδίσσεαιtry to frightenδειδίσσομαι · present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbαὔτωςthusαὔτως · adverbadverbial to δειδίσσεαι - 811
the Argives? We are not ignorant of battle,
Metre
Ἀργείουςοὔτοί‖τιμάχηςἀδαήμονέςεἰμεν
ἈργείουςArgivesἈργεῖος · accusative plural masculine nounobject of δειδίσσεαιοὔnotοὐ · adverbemphasizing particleτοίindeedτοι · particlesentence particleτιat allτις · accusative singular neuter pronounadverbial to εἰμενμάχηςof battleμάχη · genitive singular feminine nounobject of ἀδαήμονέςἀδαήμονέςignorantἀδαήμων · nominative plural masculine adjectivepredicate nounεἰμενareεἰμί · present active indicative, 1st plural verbmain verb - 812
though the Achaeans have been broken by the evil scourge of Zeus.
Metre
ἀλλὰΔιὸςμάστιγι‖κακῇἐδάμημενἈχαιοί
ἀλλὰbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordΔιὸςZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies μάστιγιμάστιγιby the scourgeμάστιξ · dative singular feminine nounobject of ἐδάμημενκακῇevilκακός · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies μάστιγιἐδάμημενwere brokenδαμάζω · aorist passive indicative, 1st plural verbmain verbἈχαιοίAchaeansἈχαιός · nominative plural masculine nounsubject of ἐδάμημεν - 813
No doubt your heart hopes to sack our ships;
Metre
ἦθήνπούτοιθυμὸς‖ἐέλπεταιἐξαλαπάξειν
ἦno doubtἦ · adverbsentence particleθήνindeedθήν · particlesentence particleπούsurelyπού · adverbsentence particleτοιyourσύ · dative singular masculine pronounmodifies θυμὸςθυμὸςheartθυμός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἐέλπεταιἐέλπεταιhopesἔλπω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbἐξαλαπάξεινto sackἐξαλαπάζω · future active infinitiveobject of ἐέλπεται - 814
but hands belong to us as well, to defend them.
Metre
νῆαςἄφαρδέτεχεῖρες‖ἀμύνεινεἰσὶκαὶἡμῖν
νῆαςour shipsναῦς · accusative plural feminine nounobject of ἐξαλαπάξεινἄφαρquicklyἄφαρ · adverbsentence particleδέbutδέ · particlecoordinating wordτεandτε · particlesentence particleχεῖρεςhandsχείρ · nominative plural feminine nounsubject of εἰσὶἀμύνεινto defendἀμύνω · present active infinitiveadverbial to εἰσὶεἰσὶareεἰμί · present active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbκαὶalsoκαί · adverbemphasizing particleἡμῖνusἐγώ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to εἰσὶ - 815
your own fair-settled city would much sooner be
Metre
ἦκεπολὺφθαίη‖εὖναιομένηπόλιςὑμὴ
ἦsurelyἦ · adverbsentence particleκεwouldἄν · particlesentence particleπολὺmuch soonerπολύς · accusative singular neuter adjectiveadverbial to φθαίηφθαίηwould fallφθάνω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbεὖwellεὖ · adverbadverbial to ναιομένηναιομένηfair-settledναίω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular femininemodifies πόλιςπόλιςcityπόλις · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of φθαίηὑμὴyourὑμός · nominative singular feminine adjectivemodifies πόλις - 816
taken and sacked beneath our hands.
Metre
χερσὶνὑφἡμετέρῃσιν‖ἁλοῦσάτεπερθομένητε
χερσὶνhandsχείρ · dative plural feminine nounobject of ὑφ̓ὑφunderὑπό · prepositionprepositionἡμετέρῃσινourἡμέτερος · dative plural feminine adjectivemodifies χερσὶνἁλοῦσάtakenἁλίσκομαι · aorist active participle, nominative singular feminineobject of τετεandτε · particlesentence particleπερθομένηsackedπέρθω · present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminineobject of τετεandτε · particlecoordinating word - 817
And for you yourself, I say the time is near when as you flee
Metre
σοὶαὐτῷφημὶ‖σχεδὸνἔμμεναιὁππότεφεύγων
σοὶfor youσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to ἔμμεναιδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordαὐτῷyourselfαὐτός · dative singular masculine adjectiveemphasizing particleφημὶI sayφημί · present active indicative, 1st singular verbmain verbσχεδὸνis nearσχεδόν · adverbpredicate nounἔμμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of φημὶὁππότεwhenὁπότε · adverbadverbial to ἀρήσῃφεύγωνfleeingφεύγω · present active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἀρήσῃ - 818
you will pray to father Zeus and the other immortals
Metre
ἀρήσῃΔιὶπατρὶ‖καὶἄλλοιςἀθανάτοισι
ἀρήσῃyou will prayἀράομαι · future middle indicative, 2nd singular verbsubject of ἔμμεναιΔιὶZeusΖεύς · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶπατρὶfatherπατήρ · dative singular masculine nounmodifies Διὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἄλλοιςotherἄλλος · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἀθανάτοισιἀθανάτοισιimmortalsἀθάνατος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of καὶ - 819
that your horses, swift as hawks, may be swifter still,
Metre
θάσσοναςἰρήκων‖ἔμεναικαλλίτριχαςἵππους
θάσσοναςswifterταχύς · accusative plural masculine comparative adjectivepredicate nounἰρήκωνthan hawksἱέραξ · genitive plural masculine nounadverbial to θάσσοναςἔμεναιto beεἰμί · present active infinitiveobject of ἀρήσῃκαλλίτριχαςfair-manedκαλλίθριξ · accusative plural masculine nounmodifies ἵππουςἵππουςhorsesἵππος · accusative plural masculine nounsubject of ἔμεναι - 820
as they raise dust over the plain and carry you to the city."
Metre
οἵσεπόλινοἴσουσι‖κονίοντεςπεδίοιο
οἵwhoὅς · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of οἴσουσισεyouσύ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of οἴσουσιπόλινcityπόλις · accusative singular feminine nounobject of οἴσουσιδthenδέ · particleemphasizing particleοἴσουσιcarryφέρω · future active indicative, 3rd plural verbverb of a clause describing ἵππουςκονίοντεςraising dustκονέω · present active participle, nominative plural masculineadverbial to οἴσουσιπεδίοιοover the plainπεδίον · genitive singular neuter nounadverbial to κονίοντες - 821
So he spoke, and upon his right a bird flew out,
Metre
ὣςἄραοἱεἰπόντι‖ἐπέπτατοδεξιὸςὄρνις
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to εἰπόντιἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleοἱto himἕ · dative singular masculine pronounobject of ἐπέπτατοεἰπόντιspokeεἶπον · aorist active participle, dative singular masculinemodifies οἱἐπέπτατοflew outἐπιπέτομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδεξιὸςon his rightδεξιός · nominative singular masculine adjectivecircumstantial complementὄρνιςbirdὄρνις · nominative singular masculine nounsubject - 822
a high-flying eagle; and the host of the Achaeans cried out,
Metre
αἰετὸςὑψιπέτης‖ἐπὶἴαχελαὸςἈχαιῶν
αἰετὸςeagleἀετός · nominative singular masculine nounsubjectὑψιπέτηςhigh-flyingὑψιπέτης · nominative singular masculine nounmodifies αἰετὸςἐπὶandἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴαχεcried outἰάχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλαὸςhostλαός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἴαχεἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies λαὸς - 823
heartened by the omen; and shining Hector answered him:
Metre
θάρσυνοςοἰωνῷ‖ὃἀμείβετοφαίδιμοςἝκτωρ
θάρσυνοςheartenedθάρσυνος · nominative singular masculine adjectiveadverbial to λαὸςοἰωνῷby the omenοἰωνός · dative singular masculine nounadverbial to θάρσυνοςὃheὁ · nominative singular masculine articlemodifies Ἕκτωρδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμείβετοansweredἀμείβω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbφαίδιμοςsplendidφαίδιμος · nominative singular masculine adjectivemodifies ἝκτωρἝκτωρHectorἝκτωρ · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἀμείβετο - 824
"Ajax, loud-boaster, babbler, what word was this you spoke?
Metre
Αἶανἁμαρτοεπὲς‖βουγάϊεποῖονἔειπες
ΑἶανAjaxΑἴας · vocative singular masculine noungoverned by an elided headἁμαρτοεπὲςbabblingἁμαρτοεπής · vocative singular masculine adjectivemodifies Αἶανβουγάϊεloud boasterβουγάιος · vocative singular masculine nounmodifies Αἶανποῖονwhat wordποῖος · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of ἔειπεςἔειπεςspokeεἶπον · aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verb - 825
If only indeed I were so surely all my days
Metre
εἰγὰρἐγὼνοὕτω‖γεΔιὸςπάϊςαἰγιόχοιο
εἰif onlyεἰ · interjectionsentence particleγὰρindeedγάρ · particleemphasizing particleἐγὼνIἐγώ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of εἴηνοὕτωso surelyοὕτως · adverbadverbial to δ̓γεindeedγε · particleemphasizing particleΔιὸςof ZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies πάϊςπάϊςsonπαῖς · nominative singular masculine nounpredicate nounαἰγιόχοιοaegis-bearingαἰγίοχος · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Διὸς - 826
son of aegis-bearing Zeus, and queenly Hera had borne me,
Metre
εἴηνἤματαπάντα‖τέκοιδέμεπότνιαἭρη
εἴηνwereεἰμί · present active optative, 1st singular verbmain verbἤματαall my daysἦμαρ · accusative plural neuter nounadverbial to εἴηνπάνταallπᾶς · accusative plural neuter adjectivemodifies ἤματατέκοιhad borneτίκτω · aorist active optative, 3rd singular verbmain verbδέandδέ · particlesentence particleμεmeἐγώ · accusative singular masculine pronounobject of τέκοιπότνιαqueenlyπότνια · nominative singular feminine nounmodifies ἭρηἭρηHeraἭρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of τέκοι - 827
and honored as Athena and Apollo are honored,
Metre
τιοίμηνὡςτίετ‖ἈθηναίηκαὶἈπόλλων
τιοίμηνbe honoredτίω · present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verbmain verbδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordὡςasὡς · adverbadverbial to τίετ̓τίετare honoredτίω · present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to τιοίμηνἈθηναίηAthenaἈθήνη · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordἈπόλλωνApolloἈπόλλων · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of καὶ - 828
as surely as this day brings evil upon all the Argives,
Metre
ὡςνῦνἡμέρηἥδε‖κακὸνφέρειἈργείοισι
ὡςas surely asὡς · adverbadverbial to δὲνῦνnowνῦν · adverbadverbial to φέρειἡμέρηdayἡμέρα · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of φέρειἥδεthisὅδε · nominative singular feminine pronounmodifies ἡμέρηκακὸνevilκακός · accusative singular neuter adjectiveobject of φέρειφέρειbringsφέρω · present active indicative, 3rd singular verbadverbial to δὲἈργείοισιArgivesἈργεῖος · dative plural masculine adjectiveobject of φέρει - 829
and among them you shall be slain, if you dare
Metre
πᾶσιμάλἐνδὲσὺτοῖσι‖πεφήσεαιαἴκεταλάσσῃς
πᾶσιfor allπᾶς · dative plural masculine adjectivemodifies Ἀργείοισιμάλindeedμάλα · adverbadverbial to πᾶσιἐνamongἐν · prepositionprepositionδὲandδέ · particlecoordinating wordσὺyouσύ · nominative singular masculine pronounsubject of πεφήσεαιτοῖσιthemὁ · dative plural masculine pronounadverbial to ἐνπεφήσεαιshall be slainθείνω · future perfect medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verbadverbial to δὲαἴifεἰ · conjunctionsubordinating conjunctionκεindeedἄν · particlesentence particleταλάσσῃςdareτλάω · aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verbadverbial to αἴ - 830
to await my long spear, which will tear your lily-white flesh.
Metre
μεῖναιἐμὸνδόρυμακρόν‖ὅτοιχρόαλειριόεντα
μεῖναιawaitμένω · aorist active infinitiveobject of ταλάσσῃςἐμὸνmyἐμός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυδόρυspearδόρυ · accusative singular neuter nounobject of μεῖναιμακρόνlongμακρός · accusative singular neuter adjectivemodifies δόρυὅwhichὅς · nominative singular neuter pronounsubject of δάψειτοιyourσύ · dative singular masculine pronounadverbial to δάψειχρόαfleshχρώς · accusative singular masculine nounobject of δάψειλειριόενταlily-whiteλειριόεις · accusative singular masculine adjectivemodifies χρόα - 831
Then you will glut the dogs and birds of Troy
Metre
δάψειἀτὰρΤρώων‖κορέειςκύναςἠδοἰωνοὺς
δάψειwill tearδάπτω · future active indicative, 3rd singular verbverb of a clause describing δόρυἀτὰρthenἀτάρ · particlecoordinating wordΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies κύναςκορέειςglutκορέννυμι · future active indicative, 2nd singular verbmain verbκύναςdogsκύων · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἠδ̓ἠδandἠδέ · conjunctioncoordinating wordοἰωνοὺςbirdsοἰωνός · accusative plural masculine nounobject of ἠδ̓ - 832
with fat and flesh, once you have fallen beside the ships of the Achaeans."
Metre
δημῷκαὶσάρκεσσι‖πεσὼνἐπὶνηυσὶνἈχαιῶν
δημῷwith fatδημός · dative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordσάρκεσσιfleshσάρξ · dative plural feminine nounobject of καὶπεσὼνonce fallenπίπτω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to κορέειςἐπὶonἐπί · prepositionprepositionνηυσὶνshipsναῦς · dative plural feminine nounadverbial to ἐπὶἈχαιῶνAchaeansἈχαιός · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies νηυσὶν - 833
So he spoke and led the way, and they followed with him
Metre
ὣςἄραφωνήσας‖ἡγήσατοτοὶἅμἕποντο
ὣςsoὡς · adverbadverbial to φωνήσαςἄραthenἄρα · particlesentence particleφωνήσαςspokeφωνέω · aorist active participle, nominative singular masculineadverbial to ἡγήσατοἡγήσατοled the wayἡγέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbτοὶtheyὁ · nominative plural masculine pronounsubject of ἕποντοδandδέ · particlesentence particleἅμwithἅμα · adverbadverbial to ἕποντοἕποντοfollowedἕπομαι · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 834
with a wondrous cry, and the host behind shouted aloud.
Metre
ἠχῇθεσπεσίῃ‖ἐπὶἴαχελαὸςὄπισθεν
ἠχῇwith a cryἠχή · dative singular feminine nounadverbial to ἕποντοθεσπεσίῃwondrousθεσπέσιος · dative singular feminine adjectivemodifies ἠχῇἐπὶandἐπί · prepositionemphasizing particleδandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἴαχεcried outἰάχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbλαὸςhostλαός · nominative singular masculine nounsubject of ἴαχεὄπισθενfrom behindὄπισθεν · adverbadverbial to ἴαχε - 835
And from the other side the Argives shouted in answer,
Metre
Ἀργεῖοιἑτέρωθεν‖ἐπίαχονοὐδὲλάθοντο
ἈργεῖοιArgivesἈργεῖος · nominative plural masculine adjectivesubject of ἐπίαχονδandδέ · particlesentence particleἑτέρωθενfrom the other sideἑτέρωθεν · adverbadverbial to ἐπίαχονἐπίαχονshouted backἐπιάχω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbλάθοντοforgotλανθάνω · imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verb - 836
and did not forget their valor, but awaited the best of the Trojans as they came on.
Metre
ἀλκῆςἀλλἔμενον‖Τρώωνἐπιόνταςἀρίστους
ἀλκῆςtheir valorἀλκή · genitive singular feminine nounobject of λάθοντοἀλλbutἀλλά · conjunctioncoordinating wordἔμενονawaitedμένω · imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verbmain verbΤρώωνTrojansΤρώς · genitive plural masculine nounmodifies ἀρίστουςἐπιόνταςcoming onἔπειμι · present active participle, accusative plural masculinemodifies ἀρίστουςἀρίστουςbestἄριστος · accusative plural masculine superlative adjectiveobject of ἔμενον - 837
And the cry of both sides reached the ether and the beams of Zeus.
Metre
ἠχὴἀμφοτέρων‖ἵκεταἰθέρακαὶΔιὸςαὐγάς
ἠχὴcryἠχή · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ἵκετ̓δandδέ · particlecoordinating wordἀμφοτέρωνof both sidesἀμφότερος · genitive plural masculine adjectivemodifies ἠχὴἵκετreachedἱκνέομαι · aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verbmain verbαἰθέραto the etherαἰθήρ · accusative singular masculine nounobject of καὶκαὶandκαί · conjunctioncoordinating wordΔιὸςZeusΖεύς · genitive singular masculine nounmodifies αὐγάςαὐγάςZeus' beamsαὐγή · accusative plural feminine nounobject of καὶ
The particulars
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- Ἰλιάς, Homer. The Patrocleia.
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- Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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