Swedish · The Wonderful Adventures of Nils
I regnväder
In Rainy Weather
Tap a sentence to open its words.
- 1
It was the first rainy day of the journey.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with regndagenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to regndagendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of regndagenförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies regndagensurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
regndagenthe rainy dayregndag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseunderofunder · prepositionpreposition marking resanresanjourneyresa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of regndagen As long as the wild geese had stayed in the neighborhood of Lake Vomb, they had had fine weather, but on the very day they set out on the journey north, it began to rain, and for several hours the boy had to sit on the goose's back, soaked through and shivering with cold.
Såasså · adverbmodifies längelängeas long aslänge · adverbmodifies stannatsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stannatvildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stannatattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of stannatstannatstayedstanna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on haftkvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on stannatiini · prepositionpreposition marking traktentraktenregiontrakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stannatavofav · prepositionpreposition marking VombsjönVombsjönLake VombVombsjön · proper noun, nominativemodifies traktenhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of haftdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencevackertbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies väderväderweatherväder · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haftmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with haftsomwhensom · pronounoblique complement of anträddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of anträddeanträddeset out onanträda · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on dagfärdenjourneyfärd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of anträddenorrutnorthwardnorrut · adverbmodifies anträddebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with haftdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of börjadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of regnainfinitive marker before a verb.
regnarainregn · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationifori · prepositionpreposition marking timmarfleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies timmartimmarhourstimme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of fickfickhad tofå · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sittapojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sittasittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with haftpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking gåsryggengåsryggengoose's backgåsrygg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sittagenomvåtsoaked throughgenomvåt · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularcomplement of sittaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhuttrandeshiveringhuttra · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with genomvåtavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking köldköldcoldköld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of genomvåt- 2
In the morning, when they had set off, it had been clear and calm.
Påin the morningpå · prepositionpreposition marking morgonenmorgonenmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of klartnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of åstaddetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of drogoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
drogoset offdrogo · pronoun, pluralsubject of åstadpast plural of dra used intransitively ('moved, traveled'); mistagged as pronoun.
åstadoffåstad · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on morgonenhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of klartdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of klartvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to klartklartclearklar · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlugntcalmlugnt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with klart The wild geese had flown high up in the air, steadily and without haste, in strict order with Akka at the head and the rest in two slanting lines behind her.
Vildgässenthe wild geesevildgässen · proper noun, nominativesubject of flugithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of flugitflugitflownfluga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehögthighhög · adverbmodifies flugitthis type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry.
uppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies flugitiini · prepositionpreposition marking luftenluftenairluft · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of uppejämntsteadilyjämn · adverbmodifies flugitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationutanwithoututan · prepositionpreposition marking brådskabrådskahastebrådska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with jämntiini · prepositionpreposition marking strängsträngstrictsträng · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ordningtagged as a noun but every occurrence is the adjective 'sträng' (stern/strict/severe).
ordningorderordning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of flugitmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking AkkaAkkaAkkaAkka · proper noun, nominativemodifies ordningproper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated.
iati · prepositionpreposition marking spetsenspetsenfront/headspetse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of flugiti spetsen = 'at the head/front' (of a line).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of övrigaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
övrigathe othersövrig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with spetseniini · prepositionpreposition marking radertvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies radersnedaslantingsned · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies raderraderlinesrad · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies övrigabakombehindbakom · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies raderThey had not taken time to shout insults at the animals on the ground, but since they were not able to keep entirely quiet, they sang out ceaselessly, in time with their wingbeats, their usual call: »Where are you?
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of getthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gettintenotinte · particlemodifies gettgettgivenge · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeindirect object of getttidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gettatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of ropainfinitive marker before a verb.
ropato call outropa · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying tidelakheterinsultselakhet · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of ropatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking djurendjurenanimalsdjur · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies elakheterpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking markenmarkengroundmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies elakhetermenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsomsincesom · pronounoblique complement of voroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vorointenotinte · particlemodifies vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with ropaarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
iablei · prepositionmodifies hållaståndablestånd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase iatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hållainfinitive marker before a verb.
hållato keep quiethålla · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on vorosigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hållariktigttrulyriktig · adverbmodifies tystatystaquiettyst · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies framsjöngoframsjöngosang outframsjöngo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of hållaHistorical plural past form of framsjunga.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldepends on framsjöngooupphörligenceaselesslyoupphörligen · adverbmodifies hållaiini · prepositionmodifies hållataktin timetakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase imedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking vingslagenvingslagenwingbeatsvingslag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ropasitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of lockroppossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
vanligausualvanlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies lockroplockropcalling crylockrop · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ropaVarwherevar · adverbhead of the phraseärisvara · verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to Varduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ärHere I am.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies ärärisvara · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ärWhere are you?
Varwherevar · adverbmodifies ärärisvara · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ärHere I am.»
Härherehär · adverbmodifies ärärisvara · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of är- 3
All of them took part in this persistent calling, and they had only broken it off now and then to show the white gander the landmarks they were steering by.
Allaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of deltogotooktogo · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies delHistorical plural past form of ta, ‘take’.
delpartdel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ropandeiini · prepositionpreposition marking ropandedettathisdenna · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ropandeihärdigapersistentihärdig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies ropanderopandecallingropande · adjective, nominativehead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of avbrutithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of avbrutitbarajustbara · adverbmodifies avbrutitavbrutitbroken offavbruta · verb, active, supinecoordinated with ropandedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of avbrutitdånowdå · adverbmodifies avbrutitochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase dådåthendå · adverbpart of the phrase dåförin orderför · prepositionintroduces the clause of visaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of visainfinitive marker before a verb.
visato showvisa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on avbrutitdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gåskarlenvitawhitevit · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gåskarlengåskarlengandergåskarl · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies vägmärkenamorphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl.
vägmärkenalandmarksvägmärke · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of visasomthatsom · pronounoblique complement of satteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sattesattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on vägmärkenapast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
kurscoursekurs · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satteefterbyefter · prepositionpreposition marking som On this stretch of the journey the landmarks were the barren hills of Linderöd Ridge, Ovesholm Manor, the church tower of Kristianstad, Bäckaskog royal estate on the narrow spit between Lake Oppmanna and Lake Ivö, and the steep slope of Ryssberget.
Märkenathe landmarksMärkena · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of passive utgjordesutgjordeswereutgjor · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceunderonunder · prepositionpreposition marking resadennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of resaresajourneyresa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utgjordesavofav · prepositionpreposition marking backarLinderödsåsensLinderöd Ridge'sLinderödsåsen · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of backarkargabarrenkarg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies backarbackarhillsback · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralagent of utgjordesavofav · prepositionpreposition marking herrgårdOvesholmsOvesholm'sOvesholm · proper noun, genitivepossessor of herrgårdherrgårdmanor househerrgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies backaravofav · prepositionpreposition marking kyrktornKristianstadsKristianstad'sKristianstad · proper noun, genitivepossessor of kyrktornkyrktornchurch towerkyrktor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with herrgårdavofav · prepositionpreposition marking kungsgårdBäckaskogsBäckaskog'sBäckaskog · proper noun, genitivepossessor of kungsgårdkungsgårdroyal estatekungsgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herrgårdpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking näsetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of näsetsmalanarrowsmal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies näsetnäsetthe spitnäs · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies kungsgårdmellanbetweenmellan · prepositionpreposition marking OppmannasjönOppmannasjönLake OppmannaOppmannasjön · proper noun, nominativemodifies näsetochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationIvösjönLake Ivöivösjön · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with Oppmannasjönochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavofav · prepositionpreposition marking brantRyssbergetsRyssberget'sRyssbergets · noun, genitive, neuter, singularpossessor of branttvärasteeptvär · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies brantbrantsteep slopebrant · adverbcoordinated with OppmannasjönAlso used as a noun for 'a steep slope' in some occurrences.
- 4
It had been a monotonous journey, and when the rain clouds began to show themselves, the boy thought it was a real diversion.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of resahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of resavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to resaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of resaenformigmonotonousenformig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies resaresajourneyresa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjaderegnmolnenthe rain cloudsregnmoln · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on visavisato showvisa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with resasigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of visatycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to resapojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förströelsedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of förströelsevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to förströelseenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of förströelseriktigrealriktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies förströelseförströelsediversionförströelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying pojken In earlier days, when he had only seen the rain clouds from below, he had thought they were grey and dull, but it was quite another thing to be up among them.
Förrbeforeförr · adverbmodifies tycktiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Förrnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of setthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of settbarajustbara · adverbmodifies setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on Förrregnmolnenthe rain cloudsregnmoln · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of settnerifrånfrom belownerifrån · adverbmodifies setthadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tyckthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckttycktthoughttycka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of annatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of annatvorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralclause modifying dearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
gråagraygrå · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with voroochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtråkigadulltråkig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with gråamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with annatvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to annatheltquitehelt · adverbmodifies annatannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of tycktatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of varainfinitive marker before a verb.
varabevara · verb, active, infinitivedepends on annatuppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies varaiblandamongibland · adverbmodifies demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of varaNow he saw clearly that the clouds were immense wagons, driving across the sky with towering loads: some of them were laden with huge grey sacks, some with barrels so big they could hold a whole lake, and some with great vats and bottles, stacked to a terrifying height.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of se, 'to see.'
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågtydligtclearlytydlig · adverbmodifies sågattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of voromolnencloudsmoln · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies forvagnararchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
ofantligaimmenseofantlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies forvagnarforvagnarwagonsforvagn · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sågA forvagn is a large transport wagon.
somthatsom · pronounsubject of kördeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kördedroveköra · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on forvagnarframforwardfram · adverbdepends on kördepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking himlenhimlenskyhiml · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kördemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking lassskyhögatoweringskyhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies lasslassloadslass · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kördenågrasomenågon · pronoun, pluralsubject of lastadeavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies någravorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on lastadearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
lastadeladenlastad · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking säckarväldigahugeväldig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies säckargråagraygrå · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies säckarsäckarsackssäck · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies lastadenågrasomenågon · pronoun, pluralmodifies lastademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking tunnortunnorbarrelstunna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies någrasomthatsom · pronounsubject of voroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
vorowerevoro · pronoun, pluralrelative clause on tunnormistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'.
såsoså · adverbmodifies storastorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies voroattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rymmadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of rymmakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of rymmarymmato holdrymma · verb, active, infinitivedepends on lastadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjöhelwholehel · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjösjölakesjö · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of rymmaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluralintroduces the clause of uppstaplademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking karstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies karkarvatskar · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies någraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationflaskorbottlesflaska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with karsomthatsom · pronounintroduces the clause of voroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on uppstapladearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
uppstapladestacked upuppstapla · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with rymmatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking höjdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of höjdförfärligterribleförfärlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies höjdhöjdheighthöjd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of uppstapladeAnd when so many of them had driven up that they filled the whole expanse, it was as if someone had given a signal, for all at once water began pouring down over the earth out of vats, barrels, bottles, and sacks.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of körtsåsoså · adverbmodifies mångamångamanymången · pronoun, pluralsubject of passive körtavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies mångahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of körtkörtdriven upköra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceframforwardfram · adverbdepends on körtattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fylldedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fylldefylldefilledfylla · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on körthelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies rymdenrymdenexpanserymd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fylldevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies körtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with varsomas ifsom · pronounsubject of givitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of givitnågonsomeonenågon · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of givithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of givitgivitgivenge · verb, active, supineclausal complement of varettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of teckenteckensigntecken · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of givitförforför · prepositionpreposition marking gångpåat oncepå · prepositionpreposition marking gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with körtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of börjadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of flödainfinitive marker before a verb.
urout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking karkartubkar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of flödatunnorbarrelstunna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with karflaskorbottlesflaska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with karochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsäckarsackssäck · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with karflödato pour downflöda · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on börjadenerdownner · adverbdepends on flödavattenwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of flödaöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking jordenjordenearthjord · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of flöda- 5
The instant the first spring showers pattered against the ground, such cries of joy rose from all the small birds in the groves and pastures that the whole air rang with them, and the boy jumped for joy where he sat.
Medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking detsammadetsammathe samedensamma · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of smattradesomwhensom · conjunctionpreposition marking vårskurarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of vårskurarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
förstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies vårskurarnasurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
vårskurarnathe spring showersvårskurarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies detsammasmattradepatteredsmattra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking markenmarkengroundmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of smattradehöjdeswere raisedhöja · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with smattradesådanasuchsån · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies glädjeskrikglädjeskrikcry of joyglädjeskrik · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive höjdesavfromav · prepositionpreposition marking småfåglarallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of småfåglarsmåfåglarsmall birdssmåfågl · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralagent of höjdesiini · prepositionpreposition marking lundarlundargroveslund · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies småfåglarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhagarpastureshag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with lundarattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of genljödhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies luftenluftenairluft · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies genljödgenljödranggenljöd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with smattradeavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies genljödochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hoppadehoppadejumpedhoppa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with smattradehögthighhög · adverbmodifies hoppadethis type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry.
därtheredär · adverbmodifies satthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hoppade »Now we get rain, the rain gives us spring, spring gives us flowers and green leaves, green leaves and flowers give us grubs and insects, grubs and insects give us food; plenty of good food is the best thing there is,» sang the small birds.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies fårfårgetfå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of fårregnrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fårregnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of gergergivesge · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to fårossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralindirect object of gervårourvi · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of gerMistagged as a pronoun under lemma vi; vår here is the possessive "our", not the pronoun "we".
vårenspringvår · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gergergivesge · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with gerossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralindirect object of gerblommorflowersblomma · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of gerochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrönagreengrön · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies bladbladleavesblad · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with blommorgrönagreengrön · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies bladbladleavesblad · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with blommorochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationblommorflowersblommor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with blommorgergivesge · verb, present, indicative, activecomplement of gerossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralindirect object of gerlarverlarvaelarv · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of gerAlso rendered "grubs" in the translation.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationinsekterinsectsinsekt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with larverlarverlarvaelarv · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with larverAlso rendered "grubs" in the translation.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationinsekterinsectsinsekt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with larvergergivesge · verb, present, indicative, activecomplement of gerossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralindirect object of germatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of germyckenplenty ofmycken · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralparallel clause to fårochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies matmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fårärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to bästadetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of bästabästabestbra · adjective, nominative, superlativeadverbial clause on fårsomthatsom · pronounsubject of finnsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
finnsthere isfinnas · verb, present, indicativerelative clause on bästasjöngosangsjöngo · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies småfåglarnaOld plural past tense of 'sjunga' (to sing), mistagged as an adjective.
småfåglarnathe little birdssmåfåglarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with bästa- 6
The wild geese, too, grew glad of the rain, which came to wake the plants from their sleep and to break holes in the lakes' ice cover.
Ocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies vildgässenvildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevoattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
blevobecameblevo · auxiliary verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceArchaic plural past tense of 'bli' (to become).
gladagladglada · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blevoåtofåt · prepositionpreposition marking regnetregnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of gladasomwhichsom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on blevoförin orderför · prepositionintroduces the clause of väckaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of väckainfinitive marker before a verb.
väckato wakeväcka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on komväxternaplantsväxt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of väckaurout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking sömnderastheirde · pronounpossessor of sömnpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
sömnsleepsömn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of väckaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationslåbreakslå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with väckahålholehål · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of slåpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking istaksjöarnasthe lakes'sjeö · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of istakistakice coveristak · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of slå They could not manage to stay as solemn as before, but began sending merry cries down over the countryside.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of orkadeorkadehad the strength toorka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies hållahållato stay solemnhålla · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of orkadesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hållasåasså · adverbmodifies allvarligaallvarligasolemnallvarlig · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of hållasomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hittillshittillsso farhittills · adverbadverbial clause on hållautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with orkadesändato sendsända · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadelustigamerrylustig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ropropcriesrop · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of sändanerdownner · adverbmodifies sändaöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking nejdennejdencountrysidenejde · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ner- 7
When they flew over the great potato fields, of which there are so many in the Kristianstad district, and which still lay bare and black, they shouted: »Wake up and be useful!
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of flögodetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of flögoflögoflewflögo · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense.
överoveröver · prepositionpreposition marking potatislandendetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of potatislandenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
storabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies potatislandenpotatislandenthe potato fieldspotatislanden · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of flögosomwhichsom · pronoundepends on finnsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with finnsfinnsthere arefinnas · verb, present, indicativerelative clause on potatislandensåsoså · adverbmodifies finnsgottmanygod · adverbpart of the phrase såomofom · prepositiondepends on finnsiini · prepositionpreposition marking KristianstadstraktenKristianstadstraktenthe Kristianstad districtKristianstadstrakten · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of finnsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsomwhichsom · pronounpreposition marking naknaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ännustillännu · adverbmodifies lågolågolaylågo · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies naknaArchaic plural past tense of ligga ("to lie"), not an adjective; the parser mistagged it.
naknabarenakn · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with Kristianstadstraktenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsvartablacksvart · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with naknaskrekocried outskreko · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with naknaTagged as a noun but is the past plural of skrika, 'to cry/shout' (kommo, gingo-style historical plural).
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralcoordinated with KristianstadstraktenVaknawake upvakna · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseoppupopp · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on VaknaDialectal form of upp ("up"), mistagged as a noun by the parser.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgördoesgöra · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with Vaknanyttausenytta · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gör Here comes what will wake you.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with kommersomthatsom · pronounsubject of väckerThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
väckerwakesväcka · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on kommereryouni · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of väckerYou have been lazy long enough now.»
Nunownu · adverbmodifies latatharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of latatniyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of latatsecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
latatbeen lazylata · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceeryouni · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of latatlängelong enoughlänge · adverbmodifies latatnogenoughnog · adverbmodifies latat- 8
When they saw people hurrying to get away from the rain, they admonished them, saying: »Why are you in such a hurry?
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågodetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sågosågosawsågo · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on förmanademistagged as present tense; this is the archaic plural past tense of se 'to see' (they saw).
människorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sågosomwhosom · pronounsubject of skyndadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
skyndadehurriedskynda · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on människoratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of kommainfinitive marker before a verb.
kommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of skyndadeundanawayundan · adverbdepends on kommaregnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of kommaförmanadeadmonishedförmana · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of demSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of förmanadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with förmanadeVadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of bråttomharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bråttomniyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bråttomsecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
såsuchså · adverbmodifies bråttombråttomin a hurrybråttom · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencePredicative idiom 'ha bråttom'; tagged as a verb form but functions as an adjective/adverb phrase, not a separate lexeme.
föraboutför · prepositionpreposition marking bråttom Can't you see it's raining sour loaves and spit-cakes, sour loaves and spit-cakes?»
SerseeSer · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePresent tense of se ('to see'); capitalized here as sentence-initial.
niyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Sersecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
intenotinte · particlemodifies Serattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of regnardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with regnarregnarrainsregna · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of Sersurlimporsour loavessurlimpa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of regnarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationspettkakorspit-cakesspettkakor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with surlimporsurlimporsour loavessurlimpa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with surlimporochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationspettkakorspit-cakesspettkakor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with surlimpor- 9
There was one great, thick cloud that moved swiftly toward the north and followed close behind the geese.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of molnvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to molnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of molnstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies molntjocktthicktjock · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies molnmolncloudmoln · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasesomthatsom · pronounsubject of rördeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
rördemovedröra · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on molnsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of rörderasktbrisklyrask · adverbmodifies rördemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking norrnorrnorthnorr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of rördeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföljdefollowedföljde · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with rördetättclosetätt · adverbmodifies följdeefterbehindefter · prepositionpreposition marking gässengässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följdegässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
They seemed to imagine they were pulling the cloud along with them, and when just then they saw great gardens beneath them, they cried out quite proudly: »Here we come with anemones, here we come with roses, here we come with apple blossom and cherry buds, here we come with peas and beans and turnips and cabbage.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of tycktestycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativeadverbial clause on ropadeinbillato imagineinbilla · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of tycktessigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of inbillaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågodetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of molnetSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
drogopulleddrogo · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies molnetpast plural of dra ('to draw/pull'); mistagged as adjective.
molnetcloudmoln · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase attmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemsig · pronoun, accusativemodifies molnetochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågodetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sågojustjustjust · adverbmodifies sågonunownu · adverbmodifies sågosågosawsågoa · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on inbillaLemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se ("saw"), not a noun or present tense.
underbeneathunder · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of sågostorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies trädgårdarträdgårdargardensträdgård · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sågoropadecalled outropa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of ropadesurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
heltquitehelt · adverbmodifies stoltastoltaproudlystolta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of ropadeHärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommermedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sipporsipporanemonessippa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kommerhärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to kommerviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommermedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking rosorrosorrosesrosa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kommerhärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with kommerviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommermedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking äppleblomäppleblomapple blossomäppleblom · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kommerochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkörsbärsknoppcherry budskörsbärsknopp · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with äppleblomhärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to kommerviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommermedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking ärterärterpeasärta · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kommerochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbönorbeansböna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with ärterochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationrovorturnipsrova · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with bönorochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkålcabbagekål · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with bönorWhoever wants them may take them, whoever wants them may take them.»
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of tasomwhosom · pronounsubject of villThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
villwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on Denfårmayfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceemottakeemot · adverbdepends on tadenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularparallel clause to tasomwhosom · pronounsubject of villThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
villwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on denfårmayfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with taemottakeemot · adverbdepends on ta- 10
So it had sounded while the first showers fell, when everyone had still been glad of the rain.
Såthat wayså · adverbmodifies därdärtheredär · adverbmodifies låtithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of låtitdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of låtitlåtitsoundedlåta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencemedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of föllodetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of skurarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
förstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies skurarnasurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
skurarnathe showersskurarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of fölloföllofellföllo · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of låtitArchaic plural past of falla.
dåwhendå · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gladaallaallall · pronoun, pluralsubject of gladaännustillännu · adverbmodifies gladahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gladavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to gladagladagladglad · adjective, nominative, pluralclausal complement of fölloåtofåt · prepositionpreposition marking regnetregnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of glada But when it went on falling the whole afternoon, the geese grew impatient and called to the thirsty forests around Lake Ivö: »Haven't you had enough yet?
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · adverbintroduces the clause of fallaFunctions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fallafortforwent on/continuedfortfor · numeral, nominativemodifies fallaPast tense of 'fortfara' (to continue); mistagged as a numeral.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fallainfinitive marker before a verb.
fallato fallfalla · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blevohelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies eftermiddageneftermiddagenafternooneftermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fallablevobecameblevo · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencelemma should be bli 'to become'; blevo is the archaic plural past tense (they became).
gässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevogässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
otåligaimpatientotålig · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blevoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationropadecalled outropa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with blevotilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking skogarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of skogarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
törstigathirstytörstig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies skogarnaskogarnaforestsskog · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of ropadeomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies IvösjönIvösjönLake IvöIvösjön · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of ropadeHarhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttniyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåttsecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
intenotinte · particlemodifies fåttfåtthadfå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencenogenoughnog · adverbmodifies snartsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies fåttHaven't you had enough yet?»
Harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttniyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåttsecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
intenotinte · particlemodifies fåttfåtthadfå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencenogenoughnog · adverbmodifies snartsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies fått- 11
The sky grew more and more uniformly grey, and the sun hid itself so well that no one could tell where it was.
Himlenthe skyHimlen · proper noun, nominativesubject of blevCommon noun 'himmel' (sky/heaven) mistagged as a proper noun here.
blevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencealltmermore and morealltmer · adverbmodifies jämngråjämngråuniformly grayjämngrå · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blevochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsolensunsol · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gömdegömdehidgömde · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with blevsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of gömdesåsoså · adverbmodifies välvälwellväl · adverbmodifies gömdeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of begripaingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of begripakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of begripabegripaunderstandbegripa · verb, active, infinitivedepends on gömdevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to fannsdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativeclausal complement of begripaexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
The rain fell thicker, hammered heavily against the wings, and worked its way between the oiled outer feathers all the way in to their bodies.
Regnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of föllföllfellföll · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetätaremore thicklytät · adverbmodifies föllhamradehammeredhamra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fölltungtheavilytung · adverbmodifies hamrademotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking vingarnavingarnathe wingsvingarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of hamradelemma should be vinge 'wing'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsökteworkedsöka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hamradesigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of söktemellanbetweenmellan · prepositionpreposition marking ytterfjädrarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of ytterfjädrarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
oljadeoiledolja · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ytterfjädrarnaytterfjädrarnathe outer feathersytterfjäder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of sökteändaall the wayända · adverbmodifies inininin · adverbmodifies söktetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kropparnakropparnathe bodieskroppare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of inThe earth was veiled in rain-mist; lakes, hills, and forests flowed together into an indistinct jumble, and the landmarks could not be made out.
Jordenthe earthJord · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive skymdesskymdeswas veiledskym · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceavinav · prepositionpreposition marking regnrökregnrökrain mistregnrök · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of skymdessjöarlakessjö · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with skymdesbergmountainberg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with sjöarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskogarforestsskog · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies flötoflötoflowed togetherflöto · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with sjöarHistorical plural past form of flyta.
sammantogethersamman · adverbdepends on sjöariini · prepositionpreposition marking virrvarrettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of virrvarrotydligtindistinctotydlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies virrvarrvirrvarrjumblevirrvarr · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sjöarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvägmärkenalandmarksvägmärke · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of passive skönjaskundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skönjasintenotinte · particlemodifies skönjasskönjasbe made outskönja · verb, passive, infinitivecoordinated with skymdesThe journey went ever more slowly, the merry cries fell silent, and the boy felt the cold ever more bitterly.
Färdenjourneyfärd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceallteverallt · adverbmodifies långsammarelångsammareslowerlångsamm · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies gickdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of ropenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
gladagladglad · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ropenropenthe criesrop · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tystnadetystnadefell silenttystna · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändekändefeltkände · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickköldencoldköld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändeallteverallt · adverbmodifies bittrarebittraremore bitterlybittrare · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of kände- 12
But still he had kept up his courage as long as he had been riding on through the air.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationändåstilländå · adverbmodifies hållithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hållithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hållithållitkepthålla · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSurface "hållit" spans several idioms in this book: literal "held" (hållit trogen vakt = kept faithful watch), "hållit ut" (held out/endured), "hållit på" (had been -ing, continuous aspect), and "hållit sig" (stayed/remained). A single fixed gloss of "held" misrenders the hållit på / hållit sig examples.
modetcouragemod · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hållituppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies hållitsåasså · adverbmodifies längelängeas long aslänge · adverbmodifies hållitsomassom · pronounintroduces the clause of riditThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ridithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of riditriditriddenridit · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hållitframforwardfram · adverbdepends on riditgenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking luftenluftenairluft · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fram And in the afternoon, when they had come down under a small stunted pine out in the middle of a great bog, where everything was wet and everything was cold, where some tussocks were covered with snow and others stuck up bare out of a pool of half-melted ice water, even then he had not felt downhearted, but had run about in good spirits looking for cranberries and frozen lingonberries.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpåin the afternoonpå · prepositionpreposition marking eftermiddageneftermiddagenafternooneftermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slagitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of slagithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of slagitslagitcome downslå · verb, active, supinerelative clause on eftermiddagennerdownner · adverbdepends on slagitunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking tallenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of talllitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies tallmarigstuntedmarig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies talltallpinetall · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of slagitmittin the middlemitt · adverbmodifies mosseuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies mittpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking mosseenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mossestorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies mossemossebogmosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of slagitdärtheredär · adverbmodifies våttallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of våttvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to våttvåttwetvå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on slagitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of kalltvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to kalltkalltcoldkall · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with våttdärtheredär · adverbmodifies halvsmältsomligasomesomlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies tuvortuvortussockstuva · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, singularpart of the phrase därPast plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective.
täcktacoveredtäckt · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of voromedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking snösnösnowsnö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of täcktaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies stuckostuckostuck upstucko · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with snöStucko is the historical plural past form of sticka, here meaning ‘stuck up’.
uppupupp · adverbdepends on stuckonaknabarenakn · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with vorourout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking pölenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of pölpölpoolpöl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of halvsmälthalvsmälthalf-meltedhalvsmält · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on kalltisvattenice waterisvatt · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of halvsmältdåthendå · adverbmodifies känthadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of känthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of käntintenotinte · particlemodifies känthellereitherheller · adverbmodifies käntkäntfeltkän · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on isvattensighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeindirect object of käntmodlösdownheartedmodlös · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of käntutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
sprungitrunsprun · verb, active, supinecoordinated with käntLemma is truncated; the word is 'springa' (to run).
omkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies humöriini · prepositionpreposition marking humörfrisktfreshfrisk · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies humörhumörgood spiritshumör · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sprungitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsöktsoughtsöka · verb, active, supinecoordinated with sprungitefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking tranbärtranbärcranberriestranbär · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of söktochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrusnafrozenfrusna · verb, present, indicativecoordinated with sprungitlingonlingonberrieslingon · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of frusnaBut then evening came, and the darkness sank down so thick that not even eyes like the boy's could see through it, and the wilderness became so strangely eerie and dreadful.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencekvälleneveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmörkretdarknessmörker · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of sjönksjönksanksjönk · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komnerdownner · adverbdepends on sjönksåsoså · adverbmodifies tätttättclosetätt · adverbmodifies sjönkattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ögonintenotinte · particlemodifies gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångevengång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ögonsådanasuchsån · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ögonögoneyesögon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraladverbial clause on komsomlikesom · pronoundirect object of seThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
pojkensboy'spojk · noun, genitive, common gender, singularsubject of sekundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitivedepends on ögonigenomthroughigenom · adverbdepends on sedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of seochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvildmarkenwildernessvildmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komsåsoså · adverbmodifies blevbesynnerligtstrangelybesynnerlig · adverbmodifies hemskhemskeeriehemsk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförskräckligdreadfulförskräcklig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with hemskThe boy lay tucked under the gander's wing, but could not sleep, because he was cold and wet.
Pojkenthe boypojken · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låglåglowlåg · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseinstoppadtucked ininstoppad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of lågunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking vingegåskarlensthe gander'sgåskarlens · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of vingevingewingvinge · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lågmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sovaintenotinte · particlemodifies sovasovasleepsova · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with lågdärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of kallattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därförhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kallvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to kallkallcoldkall · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on sovaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvåtwetvåt · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kallAnd he heard so much rustling and crackling and creeping footsteps and threatening voices, and felt such terror, that he did not know which way to turn.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördehördeheardhöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbmodifies prasselprasselrustlingprassel · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hördeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationrasselrattlingrassel · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with prasselochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsmygandecreepingsmygande · adjective, nominativemodifies stegstegstepssteg · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with prasselochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhotandethreateninghotande · adjective, nominativemodifies rösterröstervoicesröst · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with prasselhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändekändefeltkän · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to hördePast tense 'kände' of känna, here in the sense 'recognized'; same surface as käna but a distinct sense of the polysemous verb.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skräcksådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skräcksån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
skräckterrorskräck · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kändeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visstehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vissteintenotinte · particlemodifies visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hördevartwherevart · adverbmodifies tahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of visstevägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of taHe had to get to where there was fire and light, if he was not to be frightened quite to death.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of måstemåstemustmåste · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedittheredit · adverbmodifies måstedärtheredär · adverbmodifies fannsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativeadverbial clause on måsteexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
eldfireeld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fannsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationljuslightljus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with eldomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blihanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliintenotinte · particlemodifies bliskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fannsrentpurelyren · adverbmodifies ihjälskrämdihjälskrämdfrightened to deathihjälskrämd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bli- 13
»What if I were to venture to the people, just for this one night?» thought the boy.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vågajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vågaskullewere toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vågavågato darevåga · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of vågaframforwardfram · adverbmodifies vågatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking människornamänniskornapeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of framförforför · prepositionpreposition marking nattendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of nattenhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase denendaonlyenda · adjective, nominativemodifies nattennattennightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människornatänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkte »Only so that I could sit by a fire for a while and get myself a bite to eat.
Barajustbara · adverbmodifies såsåsoså · adverbmodifies »attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sittajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sittakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sittafåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of sittasittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of såvidbyvid · prepositionpreposition marking eldenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of eldeldfireeld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sittaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sittaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfåget tofå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sittamigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of fåenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bitbitbitebit · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies matmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåI could go back to the wild geese again before sunrise.»
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vändakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vändajucertainlyju · adverbmodifies vändavändato turnvända · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencetillbakabacktillbaka · adverbmodifies vändatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking vildgässenvildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tillbakaattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
förebeforeföre · prepositionpreposition marking soluppgångensoluppgångensunrisesoluppgång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vända- 14
He crept out from under the wing and slid down to the ground.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kröpkröpcreptkröpma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencelemma mistagged as present tense; all examples are the past tense of 'krypa' (to creep).
framforwardfram · adverbdepends on kröpunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking vingenvingenwingving · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kröpochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgledslidgled · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kröppast singular of glida ('to glide/slide'); mistagged as noun.
nerdownner · adverbmodifies gledtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking markenmarkengroundmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ner He woke neither the gander nor any of the other geese, but stole away quietly and unnoticed across the bog.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of väckteväcktewokeväcka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgåskarlengandergåskarl · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of väcktemorphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl.
elleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnågonanynågon · pronoun, common gender, singularcoordinated with väckteavofav · prepositionpreposition marking gässendetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of gässenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gässengässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies någongässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
utanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
smögcreptsmöga · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with väckteTagged as a noun but is 'smög', the past tense of 'smyga', crept/slipped.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of smögtystquiettyst · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of smögochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationobemärktunnoticedobemärk · adverbcoordinated with tystbortawaybort · adverbmodifies tystöveracrossöver · prepositionpreposition marking mossenmossenbogmosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tyst- 15
He did not rightly know where in the world he was — whether it was in Skåne, in Småland, or in Blekinge.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies vissterättrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of visstevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies vissteiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of befannhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of befannbefannwasbefann · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on visstereflexive befinna sig = 'to be located'.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of befannomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of Skånedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of Skånevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to Skåneiini · prepositionpreposition marking SkåneSkåneSkåneSkåne · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of befanniini · prepositionpreposition marking SmålandSmålandSmålandSmåland · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with Skåneelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking BlekingBlekingBlekingeBleking · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Småland But just before he had come down onto the bog, he had caught a glimpse of a large village, and he now steered his steps that way.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstraxjuststrax · adverbmodifies kommitinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on settnerdownner · adverbdepends on kommitpåontopå · prepositionpreposition marking mossenmossenbogmosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommithadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of setthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of settsettseense · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on styrdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skymtskymtglimpseskymt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of settavofav · prepositionpreposition marking byenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bystorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies bybyvillageby · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skymtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationditåtthat wayditåt · adverbsubject of styrdestyrdesteeredstyra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of styrdenunownu · adverbmodifies styrdesinahissig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of stegstegstepssteg · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of styrdeNor was it long before he found his way onto a road, and soon he was on the village street, which was long and lined with trees and bordered with farm after farm.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with dröjdedröjdewas long in comingdröj · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceIdiomatic: "det dröjde inte länge" = "it was not long before."
intenotinte · particlemodifies dröjdehellereitherheller · adverbmodifies dröjdelängelonglänge · adverbmodifies dröjdeinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fannhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fannfannfoundfinna · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on dröjderedafind outreda · adverbdepends on fannpart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
påfoundpå · prepositionpreposition marking vägenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vägvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fannochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with dröjdehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varinneoninne · adverbmodifies varpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bygatanbygatanvillage streetbygata · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varsomwhichsom · pronounsubject of långThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to långlånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to varochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationträdplanteradtree-linedträdplanterad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with långochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkantadlinedkantad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with långMistagged as a noun; 'kantad' is the past participle of 'kanta' (to border/line).
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking gårdgårdfarmgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of långvidaftervid · prepositionpreposition marking gårdgårdfarmgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lång- 16
The boy had come to one of the large church villages that are so common up-country, but that one never sees at all down on the plain.
Pojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking eneniten · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitavofav · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkbyarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of kyrkbyarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
storabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kyrkbyarnakyrkbyarnathe church villageskyrkbyarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies ensomthatsom · pronounsubject of äroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
äroareäro · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on enOld plural present tense of vara ('to be').
såsoså · adverbmodifies allmännaallmännacommonallmän · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies landetuppåtupwarduppåt · adverbmodifies allmännalandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of äromenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of serThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
manoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of serallsat allalls · adverbmodifies serintenotinte · particlemodifies serserseesse · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with kommittillvisibletill · prepositiondepends on serneredownnere · adverbmodifies serpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking slättenslättenplainslätt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nere - 17
The dwelling houses were of wood and very handsomely built.
Boningshusenthe dwelling housesboningshus · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking träträwoodträ · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies voroochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmycketverymycket · adverbmodifies byggdaprydligthandsomelyprydlig · adverbmodifies byggdabyggdabuiltbyggda · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with trä Most of them had gables and dormers edged with carved moldings, and glassed-in verandas with here and there a colored pane.
Detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of flestaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
flestamostmången · adjective, nominative, plural, superlativesubject of gavlarhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gavlargavlargablesgavel · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrontespiserdormersfrontespis · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with gavlarkantadelinedkanta · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with gavlarMistagged as an adjective; 'kantade' is the past tense/participle of 'kanta' (to border/line).
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking listerutskurnacarvedutskurn · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies listerlistermoldingslist · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kantadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglasverandorglassed-in verandasglasveranda · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with gavlarmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking rutaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rutaochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase enannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase enkulörtcoloredkulört · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies rutarutapaneruta · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies glasverandor'Ruta vid ruta' uses the geometric sense (square) rather than window pane.
The walls were painted with light oil paint, and the doors and window frames shone in blue and green or even in red.
Väggarnathe wallsVäggarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of struknavorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies Väggarnaarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
struknapaintedstrukna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking oljefärgljusbrightljus · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies oljefärgoljefärgoil paintoljefärg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of struknadörrardoorsdörr · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with oljefärgochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfönsterkarmarwindow framesfönsterkarmar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with oljefärglysteshonelyste · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with struknaTagged as an adjective but is the past tense of lysa, 'to shine'.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking blåttblåttblueblå · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies lysteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgröntgreengrön · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with blåttelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtilleventill · prepositioncoordinated with blåttochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase tillmedevenmed · adverbpart of the phrase tilliini · prepositionpreposition marking röttröttredrött · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of lysteAs the boy went along studying the houses, he could hear, all the way out on the road, how the people sitting inside the warm cottages talked and laughed.
Medanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hördeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbetraktaderegardedbetrakta · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies husenhusenhouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of gickhördeheardhöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördeändaall the wayända · adverbmodifies hördeutoutut · adverbmodifies hördepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of uthurhowhur · adverbmodifies pratadefolketpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of pratadesomwhosom · pronounsubject of sattThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sattsatsätta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on folketThis form (satt) is actually the past tense of sitta 'to sit', not sätta 'to set'; glossed by its real sense.
inneinsideinne · adverbdepends on sattiini · prepositionpreposition marking stugornadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of stugornaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
varmawarmvarm · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stugornastugornathe cottagesstugorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of sattpratadetalkedprata · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on vägenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskrattadelaughedskrattad · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with pratadeHe could not make out the words, but he thought it was beautiful to hear human voices.
Ordenthe wordsorde · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of urskiljakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of urskiljahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of urskiljaintenotinte · particlemodifies urskiljaurskiljato make outurskilja · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with urskiljaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vackertdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with vackertvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vackertvackertbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of tyckteatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hörainfinitive marker before a verb.
hörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitivedepends on vackertmänniskorösterhuman voicesmänniskoröst · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of höra»I do wonder what they would say if I knocked and asked to be let in,» he thought.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of undrarundrarwondersundra · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencealltallall · adverbmodifies undrarvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of undrardetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sägaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sägasägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on vadomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bultadejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bultadebultadepoundedbulta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vadpåknockedpå · prepositionpreposition marking bultadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbadaskedbe · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with bultadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of insläpptinfinitive marker before a verb.
blito becomebli · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivepassive auxiliary of insläpptinsläpptlet ininsläpp · verb, active, supinecomplement of badtänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vadhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkte- 18
This, after all, was just what he had meant to do, but now his fear of the dark had passed, once he saw the lit windows.
Dettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of göravarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to görajuafter allju · adverbmodifies göravadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of görahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of görahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of göraämnatintended toämna · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttmörkrädslanfear of darknessmörkrädsla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåttgåttpassedgå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with göraöveroveröver · adverbdepends on gåttsedansincesedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gåttpast tense of se, 'to see.'
detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fönstrenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
upplystalitupplysta · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies fönstrenfönstrenwindowsfönstr · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of såg Instead he now felt again that same shyness that always came over him whenever he was near people.
Iinsteadi · prepositionmodifies kändeställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Ikändefeltkände · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändenunownu · adverbmodifies kändepåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking dennyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies dendenaen · determiner, common gender, singularoblique complement of kändedärtheredär · adverbmodifies kändeskygghetenshynessskygghet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändesomthatsom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
alltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on skygghetenöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komineari · prepositionpreposition marking människornärhetenvicinitynärhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iavofav · prepositionpart of the phrase imänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kom»I'll look around the village a little longer,» he thought, »before I ask to come in anywhere.»
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of seskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of seomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking »iini · prepositionpreposition marking bynbynvillagebyn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of omänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking stundenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of setänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to sehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkteinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of berjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berbercarriedba · verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommaTagged present tense, but every occurrence is the old preterite of bära ("carried"), not the present.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of kommainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of tänkteininin · adverbdepends on kommahoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking någonnågonanywherenågon · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of komma- 19
On one house there was a balcony.
Påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking husettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of hushushousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of balkongbalkongbalconybalkong · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fanns And just as the boy was passing by, the balcony doors were thrown open, and a yellow light streamed out through fine, light curtains.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjustjustjust · adverbmodifies gicksomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförbipastförbi · adverbdepends on gickslogoswere flung openslogos · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickbalkongdörrarnathe balcony doorsbalkongdörr · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of passive slogosuppupupp · adverbmodifies slogosochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ljusgultyellowgult · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ljusljuslightljus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of strömmadeströmmadestreamedströmma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickframforwardfram · adverbdepends on strömmadegenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking finafinafinefin · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gardinerlättalightlätt · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with finagardinercurtainsgardin · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of strömmadeThen a beautiful young woman came out onto the balcony and leaned over the railing.
Såthenså · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vackervackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies fruungyoungung · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies frufruladyfru · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komutoutut · adverbmodifies kompåontopå · prepositionpreposition marking balkongenbalkongenbalconybalkong · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlutadeleanedluta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of lutadeöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking räcketräcketthe railingräck · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of lutade»It's raining — we'll soon have spring now,» she said.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with regnarregnarrainsregna · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies fårfårwillfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to regnarviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of fårsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies fårvårourvi · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of fårMistagged as a pronoun under lemma vi; vår here is the possessive "our", not the pronoun "we".
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fårhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeWhen the boy saw her, he felt a strange anxiety.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on kändepast tense of se, 'to see.'
henneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sågkändefeltkändäge · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceSurface 'kände' is past tense of 'känna' (to feel); the lemma 'kändäge' is a parser artifact.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ängslanbesynnerligstrangebesynnerlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ängslanängslananxietyängslan · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kändeIt was as if he wanted to cry.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ,somas ifsom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gråtaomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gråtahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gråtavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gråtagråtato crygråta · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on DetFor the first time he grew a little troubled that he had shut himself out from human beings.
Förforför · prepositionpreposition marking gångenförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies gångensurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
gångentimegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of smulasmulabitsmula · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevoroligtroubledorolig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevöverthatöver · prepositionintroduces the clause of hadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of stängtstängtshut/closedstäng · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on blevsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of stängtuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies stängtfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking människornamänniskornapeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of ute- 20
Shortly after, he passed a general store.
Kortshortlykort · adverbmodifies därpådärpåthen/after thatdärpå · adverbmodifies gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickförbipastförbi · prepositiondepends on gickenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of handelsbodhandelsbodgeneral storehandelsbod · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gick Outside the shop stood a red seed drill.
Utanföroutsideutanför · prepositionpreposition marking bodenbodenshopbod · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stod'Bod' means a farm outbuilding/storehouse in rural contexts, and 'shop' in a town street.
stodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of radsåningsmaskinrödredröd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies radsåningsmaskinradsåningsmaskinseed drillradsåningsmaskin · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodHe stopped and looked at it and at last climbed up onto the driver's seat and sat down there.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stannadestannadestoppedstanna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stannadepast tense of se, 'to see.'
påatpå · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkröpcreptkröp · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with sågPast tense of krypa despite the 'present' tag.
tillat lasttill · prepositiondepends on kröpsistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase tilluppupupp · adverbpart of the phrase tillpåontopå · prepositionpreposition marking platskuskensdriver'skusk · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of platsplatsplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kröpochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stannadepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sattedärtheredär · adverbmodifies satteOnce up there, he clicked his tongue and pretended he was sitting there driving.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on smackadedittheredit · adverbdepends on kommitsmackadesmacked his lipssmacka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of smackademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking läpparnaläpparnathe lipsläppare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of smackadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlåtsadepretendedlåtsa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with smackadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of satthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on låtsadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkördedroveköra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattHe thought about how much fun it would be to drive such a splendid machine over a field.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of roligthurhowhur · adverbmodifies roligtroligtfunrolig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on tänktedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of köraskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of köravarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to köraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of körainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of körakörato driveköra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tänkteenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of maskinsådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies maskinsån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
grannsplendidgrann · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies maskinmaskinmachinemaskin · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of köraöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking åkerfältettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of åkerfältåkerfältfieldåkerfält · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of köraFor a moment he had forgotten what he now was, but then he remembered, and he quickly jumped down off the machine.
Förforför · prepositionpreposition marking ögonblickettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ögonblickögonblickmomentögonblick · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of glömthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of glömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of glömtglömtforgottenglömma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehurudanwhat he washurudan · adverbmodifies glömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varnunownu · adverbmodifies varvarwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singularclausal complement of glömtthe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with glömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on komonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdåthendå · adverbmodifies hoppadehoppadejumpedhoppa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with glömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hoppadehastigtquicklyhastig · adverbmodifies hoppadenerdownner · adverbmodifies hastigtifrånfromifrån · prepositionpreposition marking maskinenmaskinenmachinemaskin · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nerAn ever-greater unease came over him.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of oroallteverallt · adverbmodifies störrestörrebiggerstor · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies oroorocommotionoro · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komThere was surely a great deal missed by one who was always to live out among the animals.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gickvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to gicknogsurelynog · adverbmodifies mycketmycketa great dealmycket · adverbmodifies gickdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemistemissedmiste · adverbdepends on gickommissedom · prepositionintroduces the clause of levasomwhosom · pronounsubject of levaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
alltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies levaskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of levalevato liveleva · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gickuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies levablandamongbland · prepositionpreposition marking djurendjurenanimalsdjur · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of utePeople were, after all, quite remarkable and clever.
Människorpeoplemänniskor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of vorovorowerevoro · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencealltallall · adverbmodifies brabraquitebra · adverbmodifies märkvärdigamärkvärdigaremarkablemärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of voroochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduktigacapableduktig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with märkvärdiga- 21
He passed the post office and thought then of all the newspapers that come every day with news from the four corners of the world.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförbipastförbi · adverbdepends on gickpostkontoretthe post officepostkontor · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickdåthendå · adverbmodifies tänktepåaboutpå · prepositionpreposition marking tidningarallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of tidningartidningarnewspaperstidning · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of tänktesomthatsom · pronounsubject of kommaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · determiner, common gender, singularmodifies kommamistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
dagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase varkommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on tidningarmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking nyheternyheternewsnyhet · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kommafrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking hörnvärldensworld'svärld · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of hörnfyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies hörnhörncornershörn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies nyheter He saw the pharmacy and the doctor's house, and he thought about how great people's power was, that they could fight against sickness and death.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of se, 'to see.'
apoteketpharmacyapotek · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdoktorsbostadenthe doctor's housedoktorsbostade · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with apoteketochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sågpåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of storattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stormänniskorspeople'smänniska · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of maktmaktpowermakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of storvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to storsåsoså · adverbmodifies storstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on tänkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kämpadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kämpakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kämpakämpafightkämpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on stormotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomsjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kämpaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdöddeathdöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sjukdomExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
He came to the church, and he thought about how people had built it so that there they might hear tell of a world beyond this one they lived in, of God and resurrection and eternal life.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkankyrkanchurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kompåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of restattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hademänniskornapeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of restrestbuiltrest · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tänkteMislabeled as infinitive; rest is the past participle, but it is a homograph collision between resa ("to raise/erect") and resa ("to travel"); several examples mean "had traveled" or "had risen (reflexive)", not "raised".
denitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of restförsoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of höraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase fördetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of höradärtheredär · adverbmodifies höraskullemightskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörafåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of hörahörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on talastalasto be talked abouttala · verb, passive, infinitivecoordinated with komIdiom hört talas om = 'heard tell of.'
omaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking världenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of världvärldworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talasutombeyondutom · prepositionpreposition marking dennadennathisdenna · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies världsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of levdeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of levdelevdelivedleva · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on dennaiini · prepositionpreposition marking Gudomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of GudGudGodGud · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of levdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationuppståndelseresurrectionuppståndelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Gudochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of livevigteternalevig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies livlivlifeliv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with GudAnd the longer he walked there, the more he came to like people.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjutheju · adverbmodifies längrelängrelongerlänge · adverbmodifies gickhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tycktedärtheredär · adverbmodifies gickdestothedesto · adverbmodifies mermermoremycket · adverbmodifies tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckteomlikeom · prepositionpreposition marking människornamänniskornapeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of tyckte- 22
It is the way with children, that they do not think any further than the nose reaches.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of såärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to såsåthe wayså · adverbhead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of såattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tänkadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of tänkaintenotinte · particlemodifies tänkatänkato thinktänka · verb, active, infinitivedepends on sålängrefurtherlång · adverbmodifies tänkaComparative adverb forms of 'lång' (long); English rendering shifts between spatial 'far/further' and temporal 'longer' depending on context.
änthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of näsannäsannosenäsa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of räckerräckerreachesräcka · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with tänka Whatever lies nearest in their way, they want at once, without troubling themselves over what it may cost them.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasesomthatsom · pronounsubject of liggerThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
liggerliesligga · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on Detnärmastnearestnära · adverbmodifies liggerType lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of närmastförin their wayför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of liggerviljawillvilja · noun, nominative, common gender, singularauxiliary of hadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hapromptat onceprompt · adverbmodifies hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with liggerutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of bryatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of bryinfinitive marker before a verb.
bryto trouble oneselfbry · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hasigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bryomaboutom · prepositionintroduces the clause of kostavadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of kostadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of kostakancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kostakostacostkosta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on brydemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of kostaNils Holgersson had not had the sense to see what he was losing when he chose to remain a gnome, but now he grew terribly afraid that he might never again get back his true shape.
NilsNilsNils · proper noun, nominativesubject of haftHolgerssonHolgerssonHolgersson · proper noun, nominativedepends on Nilshadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of haftintenotinte · particlemodifies hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceförståndsenseförstånd · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haftunderstanding/good sense, not the false-friend 'understanding' alone.
påunderstandpå · prepositionpreposition marking vadvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of hafthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förloradeförloradelostförlora · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on vadnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of valdehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of valdevaldechosevalde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vadatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of förbliinfinitive marker before a verb.
förbliremainförbli · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of valdetomtetomtetomte · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of förbliA tomte is a Swedish household guardian spirit or gnome; the studio translation renders it as 'tomte' or 'gnome'.
menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hafthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevförfärligtterriblyförfärlig · adverbmodifies räddräddafraidrädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevförofför · prepositionintroduces the clause of fåattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase förhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåkanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies fåaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies fåmeragainmycket · adverbsubject of fåkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåfågetfå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blevigenagainigen · adverbdepends on fåsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of skapnadrättarighträtt · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies skapnadskapnadshapeskapnad · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of få- 23
How in the world was he to go about becoming human again?
Hurhowhur · adverbmodifies bäraiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenallallall · determiner, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ivärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bäraskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bärahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bärabärato carrybära · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bäraåtabout itåt · prepositiondepends on bäraförin orderför · prepositionintroduces the clause of bliatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of bliinfinitive marker before a verb.
blibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on bäramänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bli That he would very much like to know.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of villevillewantedvilja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of villebravery muchbra · adverbmodifies villegärnavery muchgärna · adverbmodifies vetaType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
vetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of ville- 24
He crept up onto a flight of steps and sat there in the middle of the pouring rain, thinking.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kröpkröpcreptkröp · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceuppupupp · adverbdepends on kröppåontopå · prepositionpreposition marking trappaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of trappatrappastaircasetrappa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kröpochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kröppast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sattedärtheredär · adverbmodifies sattemittmymitt · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on satteiini · prepositionpreposition marking regnetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of regnetströmmandestreamingströmmande · adjective, nominativemodifies regnetregnetrainregn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of satteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfunderadeponderedfunderad · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with regnetpast tense of fundera ('to ponder'); mistagged as adjective.
He sat there for an hour, for two hours, and he thought so hard that his forehead furrowed.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedärtheredär · adverbmodifies sattifori · prepositionpreposition marking timmeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of timmetimmehourtimme · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattifori · prepositionpreposition marking timmartvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies timmartimmarhourstimme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of sattochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of ladeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såpannanforeheadpanna · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ladeladefurrowedla · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on satt"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
sigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of ladeiintoi · prepositionmodifies ladeveckfurrowsveck · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase iBut he grew no wiser for it.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlikaequallylika · adverbmodifies klokklokwiseklok · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevIt was as if his thoughts merely ran around and around in his head.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of löptevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to löptesomas ifsom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of löpteomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of löptetankarnathe thoughtstankarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of löptebarajustbara · adverbmodifies löptelöpteranlöpa · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseruntaroundrunt · adverbmodifies löpteiini · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of runtpåhispå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of löpteThe longer he sat there, the more impossible he found it to arrive at any solution.
Jutheju · conjunctionmodifies längrelängrelongerlänge · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies satthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tycktedärtheredär · adverbmodifies sattdestothedesto · adverbmodifies omöjligareomöjligaremore impossibleomöjligare · adverbmodifies tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of tycktevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activedirect object of tyckteatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of finnainfinitive marker before a verb.
finnafindfinna · verb, active, infinitivedepends on tycktenågonanynågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of lösninglösningsolutionlösning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of finna- 25
»This is surely far too hard for one who has learned as little as I have,» he thought at last.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of svårthärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase Detärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to svårtsäkertsurelysäker · adverbmodifies svårtalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies svårtförtooför · adverbmodifies svårtsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseförtooför · prepositionpreposition marking enenoneen · numeral, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of svårtsomwhosom · pronounsubject of lärtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of lärtlärtlearnedlära · verb, active, supinerelative clause on ensåasså · adverbmodifies litetlitetas littleliten · adverbmodifies lärtthis type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry.
somassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of jagjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of lärttänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on svårthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetillat lasttill · prepositionmodifies tänktesistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase till »It will surely come to this, that I must go back to the people after all.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blirblirbecomesbli · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenogsurelynog · adverbmodifies blirsåthisså · adverbmodifies blirattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåfårmustfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blirtillbakabacktillbaka · adverbdepends on gåtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking människornamänniskornapeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of gåiafter alli · prepositionpreposition marking fallallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fallfallcasesfall · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies människornaI'll have to ask the parson and the doctor and the schoolteacher and others who are learned and might know a cure for a thing like this.»
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fårfårhave tofå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefrågaquestionfråga · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fårprästenpriestpräst · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of frågaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdoktornthe doctordoktor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with prästenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskollärarenschoolteacherskollärare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with prästenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandraothersannan · pronoun, pluralcoordinated with skollärarensomwhosom · pronounsubject of lärdaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to lärdalärdalearnedlärda · adjective, nominative, pluralrelative clause on frågaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with lärdabotcurebot · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcomplement of vetaförforför · prepositionpreposition marking sådantsådantsuch a thingsån · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of bothärherehär · adverbmodifies bot- 26
Yes, he resolved to do that at once, and he got up and shook himself, for he was as wet as a dog that has been down in a puddle.
Jayesja · interjectiondepends on beslötdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with beslötbeslötdecidedbeslöt · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of beslötattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of görahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of göraskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of beslötgenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies göraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of resterestegot upresa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with beslötsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of resteuppupupp · adverbdepends on resteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskakadeshookskaka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with restepåshookpå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of skakadeförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of våthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of våtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to våtsåasså · adverbmodifies våtvåtwetvåt · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on restesomassom · prepositionpreposition marking hundFunctions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of hundhunddoghund · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of våtsomthatsom · pronounsubject of varitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supinerelative clause on hundneredownnere · adverbmodifies varitiini · prepositionpreposition marking vattenpölenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vattenpölvattenpölpuddlevattenpöl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nere - 27
Just then he saw a large owl come flying and settle in one of the trees that lined the village street.
Justjustjust · adverbmodifies detsammaiati · prepositionpreposition marking detsammadetsammathendetsamma · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of se, 'to see.'
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ugglastorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ugglaugglaowluggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on sågflygandeflyingflyga · adjective, nominativedirect object of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationslogsettledslå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komLight verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner).
nerdownner · adverbdepends on slogiini · prepositionpreposition marking ettettoneen · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of slogthis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking trädenträdentreesträd · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies ettsomthatsom · pronounsubject of kantadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kantadelinedkanta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on slogbygatanvillage streetbygata · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kantade Shortly after, a tawny owl that sat under the eaves began to stir and called out: »Ku-vitt, ku-vitt!
Straxshortlystrax · adverbmodifies därpådärpåthen/after thatdärpå · adverbmodifies börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kattugglakattugglatawny owlkattuggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of börjadesomthatsom · pronounsubject of sattThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on kattugglaunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking taklistentaklistenthe eavestaklist · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattrörastirröra · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with börjadepåstirpå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of röraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationropadecalled outropa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with börjadeKivittku-vittKivitt · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies »kivittku-vittkivit · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with KivittAre you home again, marsh owl?
Ärisvara · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Ärhemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies Ärigenagainigen · adverbmodifies Ärkärrugglamarsh owlkärruggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with ÄrHow has it been for you abroad?»
Hurhowhur · adverbmodifies haftharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of haftduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of haftiabroadi · prepositionpreposition marking utlandetutlandetabroadutland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of haft- 28
»My thanks to you, tawny owl!
Tackthankstack · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of haduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencekattugglatawny owlkattuggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ha I've had a good time of it,» said the marsh owl.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of haftharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of haftbragood timebra · adjective, nominativemodifies haftsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with haftkärrugglanmarsh owlkärruggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade»Has anything remarkable happened here at home while I've been away?»
Harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of häntdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hänthänthappenedhända · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencenågotanythingnågon · determiner, neuter, singularmodifies märkligtmärkligtremarkablemärklig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasehärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase märkligthemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies märkligtmedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varitjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supinedepends on märkligtbortaawayborta · adverbmodifies varit- 29
»Not here in Blekinge, marsh owl, but in Skåne it has happened that a boy was transformed by a gnome and made as small as a squirrel, and has since gone off to Lapland with a tame goose.»
Intenotinte · particlemodifies härhärherehär · adverbmodifies »iini · prepositionpreposition marking BlekingeBlekingeBlekingeBlekinge · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of härA Swedish province.
kärrugglamarsh owlkärruggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Blekingemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking SkåneSkåneSkåneSkåne · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of häntharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of häntdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hänthänthappenedhända · verb, active, supinecoordinated with härattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivitenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of pojkepojkeboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinedepends on »förvandladtransformedförvandla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitBackbone mistags this as an adjective; the surface (förvandlad) is the past participle of förvandla, 'to turn into'.
avbyav · prepositionpreposition marking tomteenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tomtetomtetomtetomte · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of förvandladA tomte is a Swedish household guardian spirit or gnome; the studio translation renders it as 'tomte' or 'gnome'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgjordmadegjord · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with förvandladsåasså · adverbmodifies litenlitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies förvandladsomassom · prepositionpreposition marking ekorreFunctions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ekorreekorresquirrelekorre · noun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on förvandladochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies faritharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of farithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of faritfarittraveledfara · verb, active, supinecoordinated with blivittilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking LapplandLapplandLaplandLappland · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of faritmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking tamgåsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tamgåstamgåstame goosetamgås · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of farit - 30
»That was a remarkable piece of news, a remarkable piece of news.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of nyhetvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to nyhetenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of nyhetmärkvärdigremarkablemärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies nyhetnyhetpiece of newsnyhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of nyhetmärkvärdigremarkablemärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies nyhetnyhetpiece of newsnyhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with nyhet Can he never become human again, tawny owl?
Kancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blihanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blialdrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliigenagainigen · adverbmodifies människakattugglatawny owlkattuggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with bliCan he never become human again?»
Kancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blihanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blialdrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliigenagainigen · adverbmodifies människa- 31
»That is a secret, marsh owl, but you shall know it all the same.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hemlighetärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to hemlighetenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of hemlighethemlighetsecrethemlighet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasekärrugglamarsh owlkärruggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with hemlighetmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetaändåall the sameändå · adverbmodifies vetafåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with hemlighetdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of veta The gnome has said that if the boy watches over the tame gander, so that he comes home unharmed and...
Tomtenthe tomteTomten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagtA tomte is a traditional Swedish household or farm spirit.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vakaromifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vakarpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vakarvakarwatches overvaka · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sagtöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking gåskarlendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gåskarlentamatametama · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies gåskarlengåskarlengandergåskarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vakarsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of kommerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vakarhemhomehem · adverbdepends on kommeroskaddunharmedoskadd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommerFunctions as an adjective ('unharmed'), though the backbone tags it as a noun.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordination- 32
»What else, tawny owl?
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasemerelsemycket · adverbcopula linking to Vadkattugglatawny owlkattuggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Vad What else?
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasemerelsemycket · adverbpart of the phrase VadWhat else?»
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasemerelsemycket · adverbpart of the phrase Vad- 33
»Fly up with me into the church tower, marsh owl, and you shall know it all!
Flygfly!flyg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of oppsurfaces Flyg/flyg here are the imperative of flyga ('to fly'), not the noun.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies Flygoppupoppa · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on vetaDialectal form of upp ("up"), a particle, not a finite verb; the parser mistagged it.
iintoi · prepositionpreposition marking kyrktornetkyrktornetthe church towerkyrktorn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of oppkärrugglamarsh owlkärruggla · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with oppsåandså · adverbadverbial clause on vetaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetafåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencealltsammansall of italltsammans · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of veta I'm afraid there may be someone listening here on the village street.»
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of räddärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to räddräddafraidrädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseförofför · prepositionintroduces the clause of någonattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase fördetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of någonkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of någonvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to någonnågonsomeonenågon · pronoun, common gender, singularadverbial clause on räddsomwhosom · pronounsubject of lyssnarThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
lyssnarlistenslyssna · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on någonhärherehär · adverbmodifies lyssnarpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bygatanbygatanvillage streetbygata · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lyssnar- 34
With that the owls flew off on their way, but the boy threw his cap high into the air.
Därmedwith thatdärmed · adverbmodifies flögoflögoflewflögo · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense.
ugglornathe owlsugglorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of flögosinawaysig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of vägvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of flögomenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kastadekastadethrewkasta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with flögomössancapmössa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kastadehögthighhög · adverbmodifies kastadethis type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry.
iintoi · prepositionpreposition marking luftenluftenairluft · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kastade »If I only watch over the gander, so that he comes home unharmed, then I get to become human.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vakarjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vakarbarajustbara · adverbmodifies vakarvakarwatches overvaka · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on bliöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking gåskarlengåskarlengandergåskarl · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of vakarmorphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl.
såsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of kommerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vakarhemhomehem · adverbdepends on kommeroskaddunharmedoskadd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommerFunctions as an adjective ('unharmed'), though the backbone tags it as a noun.
såthenså · adverbadverbial clause on blifårget tofå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blijagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliHurrah!
Hurrahurrahhurra · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseHurrah!
Hurrahurrahhurra · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseThen I get to become human!»
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies blifårget tofå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blijagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bli- 35
He shouted hurrah so loudly that it was a wonder they did not hear him inside the houses.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skrekskrekshriekedskrek · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehurrahurrahhurra · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of skreksåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of märkvärdigtattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of märkvärdigtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to märkvärdigtmärkvärdigta wondermärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on skrekattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hördedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hördeintenotinte · particlemodifies hördehördeheardhörde · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on märkvärdigthonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hördeinneinsideinne · adverbmodifies hördeiinsidei · prepositionpreposition marking husenhusenhouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of hörde But they did not, and he hurried out to the wild geese in the wet bog as fast as his legs could carry him.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gjordeintenotinte · particlemodifies gjordeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skyndadeskyndadehurriedskynda · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gjordeutoutut · adverbdepends on skyndadetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking vildgässenvildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skyndadeattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking mossendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mossenvåtawetvåt · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies mossenmossenbogmosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skyndadesåasså · adverbadverbial clause on bärafortfastfort · adverbpart of the phrase såsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bärabenenlegsben · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bärakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bärabärato carrybära · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on skyndadehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of bära
The particulars
- The text
- Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige, Selma Lagerlöf. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils.
- Translation
- Public-domain Swedish (Lagerlöf, d. 1940; published 1906–07). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
- Words
- Every word of the text, by letter.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents