Swedish · The Wonderful Adventures of Nils
Stockholm
Stockholm
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- 1
Some years ago there was at Skansen, the great garden outside Stockholm where they have gathered together so many remarkable things, a little old man named Klement Larsson.
Föragoför · prepositionpreposition marking årnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of åråryearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of fannssedanthensedan · adverbdepends on årfannsthere wasfanns · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentencepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of fannsdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of trädgårdenstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies trädgårdenweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
trädgårdengardenträdgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with fannsutanföroutsideutanför · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativemodifies trädgårdendärtheredär · adverbmodifies samlatmantheyman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of samlatsamlatgatheredsamla · verb, active, supinerelative clause on trädgårdenihoptogetherihop · adverbdepends on samlatsåsoså · adverbmodifies märkvärdigtmycketmanymycket · adverbmodifies märkvärdigtmärkvärdigtremarkablemärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on samlatenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gubbelitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gubbegubbeold mangubbe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to fannssomwhosom · pronounsubject of hetteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hettewas namedhette · proper noun, nominativeclause modifying gubbePast tense of heta ("to be called"), not a proper noun.
KlementKlementKlement · proper noun, nominativedirect object of hetteProper name, Klement Larsson.
LarssonLarssonLarsson · proper noun, nominativedepends on KlementSurname, Klement Larsson.
He was from Hälsingland, and to Skansen he had come to play folk dances and other old tunes on his fiddle.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Hälsinglandvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to Hälsinglandfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking HälsinglandHälsinglandHälsinglandHälsingland · proper noun, nominativehead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineparallel clause to Hälsinglandförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of spelaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of spelainfinitive marker before a verb.
spelaplayspela · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kommitfolkdanserfolk dancesfolkdanse · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of spelaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies låtargamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies låtarlåtartuneslåt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with folkdanserpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking fiolsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of fiolfiolfiddlefiol · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies låtarBut it was of course mostly in the afternoons that he performed as a fiddler.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of mestvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mestnaturligtvisnaturallynaturligtvis · adverbmodifies varmestmostlymycket · adverbhead of the phraseominom · prepositionpreposition marking eftermiddagarnaeftermiddagarnathe afternoonseftermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of mesthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppträddeuppträddeperformeduppträda · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to mestsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of spelmanspelmanfiddlerspelman · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of uppträddeIn the mornings he used to sit and keep watch in one of the fine farmhouses that had been moved to Skansen from every part of the country.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of brukadeförmiddagenmorningförmiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brukadebrukadeused tobruka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brukadesittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvaktato guardvakta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sittaiini · prepositionpreposition marking någonnågononenågon · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of sittaavofav · prepositionpreposition marking bondstugornadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of bondstugornaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
präktigasplendidpräktig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies bondstugornabondstugornathe farmhousesbondstugorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies någonsomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive flyttatsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of flyttatsflyttatsbeen movedflytta · verb, passive, supinerelative clause on någontilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of flyttatsfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking delarallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of delardelarpartsdel · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of flyttatsavofav · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies delar- 2
Klement thought at first that he had gotten it better in his old age than he had ever dared dream, but after a while he began to grow terribly weary of it, especially during the watch-keeping.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of tyckteProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
tycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetillat firsttill · prepositionpreposition marking börjanenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fåtthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttfåttgottenfå · verb, active, supineclause modifying börjandetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of fåttbättrebetterbra · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of fåttpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking darsinahissig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of dargamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies dardardaysd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of fåttänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vågathanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vågatnågonsinevernågonsin · adverbmodifies vågathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vågatvågatdaredvåga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on fåttdrömmadreamdrömma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of vågatomaboutom · prepositiondepends on drömmamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking tidnågona whilenågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidtidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with tycktehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive ledasledasgrow wearyleda · verb, passive, infinitivecomplement of börjadevidofvid · prepositionpreposition marking förskräckligtalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies förskräckligtförskräckligtdreadfulförskräcklig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of ledasiespeciallyi · prepositionmodifies ledassynnerhetespeciallysynnerhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iOnly occurs in the fixed phrase 'i synnerhet' = especially.
underduringunder · prepositionpreposition marking vakthållningenvakthållningenthe watch-keepingvakthållning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ledas It went well enough when people came into the cottage to look at it, but sometimes Klement sat for many hours all alone.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevälwellväl · adverbmodifies gickanwell enoughan · adverbdepends on gickUsed only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'.
närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gickfolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of komininin · adverbmodifies komiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of införtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of seatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seinfinitive marker before a verb.
seseese · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kompåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of semenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiblandsometimesibland · adverbmodifies sattsattsatsitta · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gickKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sattPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
mångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies timmartimmarhourstimme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sattalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies ensamensamaloneensam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of sattThen he longed for home to such a degree that he feared he would be forced to give up his position.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies längtadelängtadelongedlängta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of längtadehemhomehem · adverbmodifies längtadetillto such a degreetill · prepositionpreposition marking graddenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gradgraddegreegrad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of längtadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fruktadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fruktadefruktadefearedfrukta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on längtadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tvungenhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivepassive auxiliary of tvungentvungenobligedtvung · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of fruktadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sägainfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tvungenuppupupp · adverbdepends on sägasinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of platsplatsplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sägaHe was very poor, and he knew that back home he would fall to the parish's charge.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fattigvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to fattigmycketverymycket · adverbmodifies fattigfattigpoorfattig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fattigattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of falladärhemmaback homedärhemma · conjunctionmodifies fallaBackbone mistags this as a conjunction; it is the adverb 'at home/back home'.
skullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fallahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fallafallato fallfalla · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of visstesocknenparishsockn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fallatilltotill · prepositionmodifies fallalasta chargelast · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase tillSo he tried to hold out as long as he could, though he felt more unhappy with every passing day.
Därförsodärför · adverbmodifies söktesöktetriedsöka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of söktehållato hold outhålla · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of sökteutoutut · adverbdepends on hållaias long as possiblei · prepositionpreposition marking längstadetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of längstalängstaas long as possiblelängsta · adjective, nominative, superlativeoblique complement of hållafastänalthoughfastän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kändehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändekändefeltkände · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on söktesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kändeolyckligaremore unhappyolycklig · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of kändeförwithför · prepositionpreposition marking varvarwasvara · determiner, common gender, singularadverbial clause on kändemistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
dagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase var- 3
One beautiful afternoon in early May, Klement had gotten a couple of hours off and was on his way down the steep hill leading down from Skansen, when he met a skerry fisherman coming along with a creel on his back.
Enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of eftermiddagvackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies eftermiddageftermiddagafternooneftermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fåttiini · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies eftermiddagavofav · prepositionpreposition marking majmajMaymaj · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies börjanhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of fåttmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
fåttgottenfå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceledigttime offledig · adverbindirect object of fåttettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies timmartimmarhourstimme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of fåttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarwasvara · adverbmodifies utförThis is the past tense "var" of vara ("to be"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it.
påonpå · prepositionmodifies utförvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase påutfördownutföra · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with fåttFunctions here as the adverb/preposition "down" (utför trappan/kullen), not the unrelated verb utföra ("to perform").
denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of backenbrantasteepbrant · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies backenbackenhillbacke · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of utförsomthatsom · pronounsubject of lederThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
lederleadsleda · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on backennerdownner · adverbdepends on lederfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of lederdåwhendå · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of möttehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of möttemöttemetmötte · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on lederenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skärgårdsfiskareskärgårdsfiskareskerry fishermanskärgårdsfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of möttesomwhosom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on skärgårdsfiskaregåendewalkinggåe · adjective, nominativedirect object of komPresent participle 'gående' of 'gå' (to walk), used adjectivally/adverbially; mistagged as a plain adjective lemma.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking kassenkassencreelkass · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kompåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking ryggenryggenbackrygg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kassen It was a young, brisk fellow who used to come to Skansen and offer for sale seabirds he had managed to catch alive, and Klement had run into him many times before.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of karlvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to karlenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of karlungyoungung · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies karlraskbriskrask · adjective, nominative, comparativecoordinated with ungkarlmankarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasesomwhosom · pronounsubject of brukadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
brukadeused tobruka · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on karlkommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukadetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kommaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbjudato offerbjuda · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with brukadeutoffer for saleut · adverbdepends on bjudasjöfåglarseabirdssjöfågel · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of bjudasomthatsom · pronounoblique complement of lyckatsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lyckatshadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lyckatslyckatssucceededlycka · verb, active, supinerelative clause on sjöfåglarImpersonal 'lyckats' from 'lyckas' (to succeed); lemma should be 'lyckas'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of infångainfångato catchinfånga · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on lyckatslevandelivinglevande · adjective, nominativemodifies infångaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of råkatmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of råkatråkatrun intoråka · verb, active, supinecoordinated with lyckatshonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of råkatmångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gångergångertimesgång · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of förutförutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies råkat- 4
The fisherman stopped Klement to ask him whether the director at Skansen was at home, and when Klement had answered this, he asked in his turn what rare thing it was that the fisherman had in his creel.
Fiskarenthe fishermanFiskaren · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hejdadehejdadestoppedhejdad · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of hejdademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
förtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of frågaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of frågainfinitive marker before a verb.
frågato askfråga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hejdadehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of frågaomwhetherom · prepositionpreposition marking föreståndarenföreståndarenthe directorföreståndar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of frågapåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativemodifies föreståndarenvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hejdadehemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies varochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of svaratKlementKlementKlement · proper noun, nominativesubject of svaratProper name, Klement Larsson.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of svaratsvaratansweredsvara · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on frågadepåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of svaratfrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to hejdadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågadeiini · prepositionmodifies frågadesinin turnsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iturturntur · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ivadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularintroduces the clause of rartdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of rartvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to rartförkind offör · prepositionpreposition marking rartrartrare thingrart · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of frågadesomthatsom · pronoundirect object of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
fiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on rartiini · prepositionpreposition marking kassenkassencreelkass · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hade "You can see what I've got, Klement," the fisherman then answered, "if in thanks you'll give me some good advice and tell me what I can ask for it."
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sekancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sefåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of harjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of seKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of harmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
svaradeansweredsvara · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to sedåthendå · adverbmodifies svaradefiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of svaradeomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of geduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of getillin thankstill · prepositionmodifies getackthankstack · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase tillvillwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on svarademigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of geettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of rådgottgoodgod · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies rådrådadviceråd · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of geochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of begärajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of begärakancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of begärabegäraask for/demandbegära · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sägaförforför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of begära- 5
He stretched the creel out toward Klement.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sträcktesträcktestretchedsträcka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencekassencreelkass · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sträcktemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies kassenmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
This one looked down into it once, then once more, and then quickly drew back a couple of steps.
Dennethis oneDenne · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of tittadetittadelookedtitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenerdownner · adverbdepends on tittadeiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking gångdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tittadesåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tittadetillonce moretill · prepositionpreposition marking gångochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdrogdrewdrog · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with tittadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of drogdärpåthen/after thatdärpå · adverbmodifies droghastigtquicklyhastig · adverbmodifies drogettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies stegstegstepsstiga · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of tittade'Steg' = steps/paces, despite the lemma 'stiga' (to climb/rise).
baklängesbackwardsbaklänge · verb, passive, infinitiveoblique complement of tittadeFunctions as an adverb, not a verb.
"What in all my days, Åsbjörn!" he said.
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sadeiini · prepositionpreposition marking darallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of darminamyjag · pronoun, pluralpossessor of darThis entry is really the possessive "mina" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag.
dardaysd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies VadÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with darsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on »hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade"How did you get hold of that?"
Hurhowhur · adverbmodifies fåttharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåttfåttgottenfå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefattholdfatt · adverbdepends on fåttOccurs in the fixed idiom 'få/gripa fatt (i)', 'to get/grab hold (of)'.
iofi · prepositionpreposition marking dendeniten · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of fåttdärtheredär · adverbmodifies fått- 6
He remembered that when he was a child in the world, his mother had used to talk about the little folk who lived under the cottage floor.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on komonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of brukatnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on brukatbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase variini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varhadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of brukatmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadebrukatused tobruka · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on komtalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukatomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking småfolketsmåfolketthe little folksmåfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of talasomwhosom · pronounsubject of boddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
boddelivedbodde · verb, past, indicative, activein apposition to brukatunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking stuggolvetstuggolvetcottage floorstuggolv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bodde He was not allowed to scream and not to be naughty, so as not to provoke the little folk.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skrikafickwas allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skrikaintenotinte · particlemodifies skrikaskrikascreamskrika · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies odygdigvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to odygdigodygdignaughtyodygdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with skrikaförso as not toför · prepositionintroduces the clause of retaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of retainfinitive marker before a verb.
intenotinte · particlemodifies retaretaprovokereta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on odygdigsmåfolketthe little folksmåfolken · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of retaOnce he had grown up, he had believed that his mother had invented that about the tomtar in order to keep him in check.
Sedansincesedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadevuxengrown upvuxen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivithadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadetrottbelievedtrott · verb, active, supinemodifies hadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hittatmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hittathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hittathittatinventedhitta · verb, active, supineclausal complement of hadepåuppå · prepositiondepends on hittatdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hittatdärtheredär · adverbmodifies hållaomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hållapysslingarnathe little folkpysslingare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hållaförin order toför · prepositionintroduces the clause of hållaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hållainfinitive marker before a verb.
hållato keep in checkhålla · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hittathonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hållaiini · prepositionmodifies hållastyrcheckstyra · adverbpart of the phrase iBut it could not have been just a fancy of his mother's, for there in Åsbjörn's creel lay one of the little folk.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with påhittmåttemustmåtte · adverbmodifies påhittModal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means "must"; the perfect sense ("must have") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain "must."
intenotinte · particlemodifies påhitthahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of påhittvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to påhittnågotanågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of påhittpåhittfancypåhitn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseavofav · prepositionpreposition marking mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of påhittförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of lågdärtheredär · adverbmodifies lågiini · prepositionpreposition marking kasseÅsbjörnsÅsbjörn'sÅsbjörns · proper noun, genitivepossessor of kassekassecreelkasse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of låglåglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on påhitteniten · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of lågavofav · prepositionpreposition marking småfolketsmåfolketthe little folksmåfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies en- 7
Something of his childhood fright still sat in Klement, and he felt a shiver run down his spine when he looked at the creel.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sattavofav · prepositionpreposition marking barnaskräckenbarnaskräckenthe childhood frightbarnaskräck · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies någotkvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on sattiini · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sattmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändekändefeltkäna · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rysningrysningshiverrysning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kändeilarunila · adverbmodifies kändeutefteralongutefter · prepositionpreposition marking ryggradenryggradenthe spineryggrad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kändenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on kändepast tense of se, 'to see.'
åtatåt · prepositionpreposition marking kassenkassencreelkass · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of såg Åsbjörn noticed that he was afraid, and started to laugh, but Klement took the matter deeply seriously.
ÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativesubject of märktemärktenoticedmärka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of räddhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of räddvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to räddräddafraidrädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of märkteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on skrattaskrattalaughskratta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with räddmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of togPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
togtookta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with räddsakenthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of togdjuptdeeplydjup · adverbmodifies allvarligtallvarligtgravelyallvarlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies togUsed adverbially: 'seriously/gravely'.
"Tell me, Åsbjörn, where you got hold of him!" he said.
Talatelltala · verb, imperative, activeoblique complement of kommitomtellom · prepositionpreposition marking Talaförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of TalaÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with migvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to kommitduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceöverhold oföver · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade— "I haven't been lying in wait for him, believe me," said Åsbjörn.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of legatharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of legatintenotinte · particlemodifies legatlegatlainlega · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSupine of 'ligga' (to lie); lemma should be 'ligga'.
påinpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomlurin waitlur · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase påefterforefter · prepositionpart of the phrase påhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of legatmåmaymå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of troduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with legatsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to legatÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade"It was he who came to me.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varsomwhosom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on hantilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komI had gone out early this morning and taken the gun with me in the boat.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of farithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of faritfarittraveledfara · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceutoutut · adverbmodifies faritiearlyi · prepositionpreposition marking tidgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies tidtidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utithis morningi · prepositionmodifies faritmorsemorningmorse · nounpart of the phrase iUsed only in the fixed phrase 'i morse'/'i går morse', meaning 'this morning'/'yesterday morning'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtagittakenta · verb, active, supinecoordinated with faritbössangunbössa · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of tagitmedwithmed · prepositiondepends on tagitiini · prepositionpreposition marking båtenbåtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tagitI'd hardly gotten away from land before I caught sight of a few wild geese coming from the east with a terrible screeching.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hunnenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to hunnenknappthardlyknappt · adverbmodifies hunnenhunnengotten (this far)hunn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseMistagged as noun; it is the past participle 'hunnen' of 'hinna' (to reach/get as far as).
frånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hunnenförränbeforeförrän · adverbmodifies fickused with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'.
jagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fickfickcaught sightfå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hunnensynsightsyn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fickpåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking vildgässnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of vildgässvildgässwild geesevildgäss · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of ficksomthatsom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on vildgässösterifrånfrom the eastösterifrån · adverbmodifies komunderwithunder · prepositionpreposition marking skrikandeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of skrikandefasligtterriblyfaslig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies skrikandeUsed adverbially: 'dreadfully/terribly'.
skrikandescreechingskrikande · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of komI gave them a shot, but got none of them.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gavgavgavege · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceLight-verb idioms in the examples: "gav ... till ett klagoskrik" = let out a cry; "gav sig tid" = took the time — not literal "gave" in either case.
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralindirect object of gavettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of skottskottshotskott · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gavmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfickgotfå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gavingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of fickavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies ingenInstead this fellow came falling down and fell into the water so close to the boat that I only had to reach out my hand to get hold of him."
Iinsteadi · prepositionintroduces the clause of sträckaställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Ikomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activepart of the phrase Idenaen · determiner, common gender, singularsubject of komhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase dennerfarandefalling downnerfara · adjective, nominativemodifies komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföllfellföll · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking vattnetvattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of föllsåsoså · adverbmodifies båtennäraclosenära · adverbpart of the phrase såType lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära.
båtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of föllattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sträckajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sträckabarajustbara · adverbmodifies sträckabehövdeneeded tobehöva · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sträckasträckato reach outsträcka · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencech05-p4-s3 ('Ingen den minsta sträcka land...') uses 'sträcka' as the noun (a strip/stretch of land, translated 'strip of land'), not the infinitive verb — a mistagged example under this verb key. The other three examples (stretch up necks / reach out a hand / fly back and forth) do belong to the verb and are covered by the listed senses.
utoutut · adverbdepends on sträckahandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sträckaförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fåinfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget hold offå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sträckatagholdtag · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on fåiofi · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of få— "You surely haven't shot him, Åsbjörn?"
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skjutitmåttemustmåtte · adverbmodifies skjutitModal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means "must"; the perfect sense ("must have") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain "must."
välsurelyväl · adverbmodifies skjutitintenotinte · particlemodifies skjutithahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of skjutitskjutitshotskjutit · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencech16-p5-s1 'skjutit till spjället' = 'closed the damper' — this is the separable-verb idiom 'skjuta till' (push shut), not 'to shoot'.
honomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of skjutitÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with honom— "Oh no, he's whole and sound.
Ånejoh noÅnej · proper noun, nominativehead of the phraseInterjection (Ånej = Å nej, 'oh no'), tagged as a proper noun by the parser.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of friskärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to friskfrisksoundfrisk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to Ånejochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfärdigreadyfärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with friskBut when he first came down, he wasn't quite himself, and then I took the chance and bound a couple of lengths of sail-twine round his feet and hands, so that he couldn't run off.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on visstenerdownner · adverbdepends on komvissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vissteintenotinte · particlemodifies vissteriktigttrulyriktig · adverbmodifies visstetillhimselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of riktigtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdåthendå · adverbmodifies passadepassadetook the chancepassa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with visste'passade på' is an idiom meaning 'seized the opportunity'.
jagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passadepåthe chancepå · prepositionpreposition marking segelgarnsändarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsurradeboundsurra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with påettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies segelgarnsändarsegelgarnsändarlengths of sail-twinesegelgarnsänd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of passadeomaroundom · prepositionpreposition marking fötterfötterfeetfött · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies segelgarnsändarSurface 'fötter/fötterna' (feet) of 'fot'; lemma is a spelling artifact.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhänderhappenshända · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with passadepåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of händersåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of rymmaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of rymmaintenotinte · particlemodifies rymmaskullecould notskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of rymmarymmato holdrymma · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on passadeSee, I thought at once that this would be something for Skansen."
Selookse · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to Segenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies tänkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blihärherehär · adverbmodifies bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of Senågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularcomplement of bliförforför · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativemodifies något- 8
Klement grew strangely anxious when the fisherman told this.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of blevProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
blevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceunderligtstrangelyunderlig · adverbmodifies ängsligängsliganxiousängslig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of berättadefiskarenthe fishermanfiskaren · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berättadeberättadetoldberätta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on ängsligdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of berättade All that he had heard in childhood about the little folk, about their vengefulness toward enemies and helpfulness toward friends, rose up before him.
Alltallall · determiner, neuter, singularintroduces the clause of hämndlystnaddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Alltsomthatsom · pronounpart of the phrase AlltThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hörtiini · prepositionpreposition marking barndomenbarndomenchildhoodbarndom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hörthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörthörtheardhöra · verb, active, supinerelative clause on somomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking småfolketsmåfolketthe little folksmåfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hörtomifom · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase Alltdesstheirden · pronounpossessor of hämndlystnadch03-p50 example 'sedan dess' means 'since then', not possessive 'its' — pinning the gloss to 'its' teaches a lie for that collocation.
hämndlystnadthirst for revengehämndlystnad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking fienderfienderenemiesfiende · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies hämndlystnadochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhjälpsamhethelpfulnesshjälpsamhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with fiendermottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking vännervännerfriendsvänn · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies fienderstegrose upsteg · verb, imperative, activecoordinated with hämndlystnadThe backbone tags this as imperative, but every example is past tense of stiga (to step/rise), not an imperative.
uppupupp · adverbdepends on stegförbeforeför · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stegIt had never gone well for those who had tried to keep one of them captive.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencevälwellväl · adverbmodifies gåttförforför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of gåttsomwhosom · pronounsubject of försöktThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försöktförsökttriedförsöka · verb, active, supinerelative clause on dematttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hållainfinitive marker before a verb.
hållato keep captivehålla · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försöktnågononenågon · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of hållaavofav · prepositionpreposition marking fångendemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldeterminer of fångenfångencaptivefång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hållaPredicate use of the past participle of fånga ('to catch'); tagged as noun but functions adjectivally.
"You ought to have let him loose at once, Åsbjörn," he said.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of släpptbordeought toböra · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of släpptBare borde is simple past modal ("ought to"/"should"); the perfect sense ("ought to have") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth ("borde släppa taget") has no ha and translates as plain "ought to."
hahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of släpptsläpptlet loosesläppa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencelöslooselös · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of släpptgenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies släpptÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with släpptsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to släppthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade- 9
"It wasn't far from it, that I was forced to set him free," said the fisherman.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sadevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to långtintenotinte · particlemodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies sadeifrånfromifrån · prepositionpart of the phrase långtattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivitjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinedepends on långttvungenobligedtvung · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of geinfinitive marker before a verb.
geto givege · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blivithonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of gefrifreefri · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gesadesaidsa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade "For you should know, Klement, that the wild geese followed me all the way home, and then cruised over the skerry the whole morning and screamed as if they wanted him back.
Förforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of vetaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetakancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kryssadeKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with vetamistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följdevildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of följdeattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
följdefollowedfölja · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of vetamigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of följdeändaall the wayända · adverbmodifies hemhemhomehem · adverbmodifies följdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies kryssadekryssadecruisedkryssa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyen · determiner, pluralsubject of kryssadeSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
överoveröver · prepositionpreposition marking skäretskäretskerryskäer · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kryssadehelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies morgonenmorgonenmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kryssadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskrekshriekedskrek · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kryssadesomassom · pronounsubject of haThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of havillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kryssadeigenagainigen · adverbdepends on hahonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of haAnd not only that, but the whole company out there with us, gulls and terns and others not worth a shot of powder, came and swooped down on the skerry and made a racket, and when I went out, they flapped around me so that I had to turn back inside again.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies nognognot onlynog · adverbmodifies gickmedwithmed · prepositionpart of the phrase nogdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of nogutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
helawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies sällskapetsällskapetcompanysällskap · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with ,däruteout theredärute · adverbmodifies osshoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking ossossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralmodifies sällskapetmåsargullsmås · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with ossochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtärnorternstärna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with måsarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandraothersannan · pronoun, pluralcoordinated with tärnorsomthatsom · pronounsubject of värdaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
intenotinte · particlemodifies värdaärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to värdavärdaworthvärd · adjective, nominative, pluralrelative clause on ossettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of skottskottshotskott · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies krutkrutgunpowderkrut · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of värdakomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ossochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationslogswooped downslå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ossLight verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner).
nerdownner · adverbdepends on slogpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking skäretskäretskerryskär · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of slogochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationväsnadesmade a racketväsnaa · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with slogochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on flaxadeutoutut · adverbdepends on gickflaxadeflappedflaxa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of flaxadesurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
omkringaroundomkring · prepositionmodifies migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of flaxadesåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of vändaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vändamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vändavändato turnvända · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on flaxadeombackom · prepositiondepends on vändaininin · adverbmodifies vändaigenagainigen · adverbmodifies vändaMy wife begged me to set him free, but I had set my mind on his coming here to Skansen.
HustruwifeHustru · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of badminmyjag · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of badpossessive form min of the pronoun jag.
badbeggedbe · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of badattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of geskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on badhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of gefrifreefri · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of gemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of satthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sattsattsatsitta · verb, active, supinecoordinated with badmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sattioni · prepositionpreposition marking sinnetsinnetmindsinn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sattAppears in the idiom 'sätta sig i sinnet' (to set one's mind on something).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skullehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skulleskullewouldskola · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on satthitherehit · adverbmodifies skulletilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of skulleAnd so I put one of the little ones' dolls in the window, hid the tomte deep down in the creel, and went off.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåsoså · adverbadverbial clause on ställdeställdeputställa · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gömdejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ställdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardirect object of ställdeavofav · prepositionpreposition marking dockorsmåbarnensthe little ones'småbarn · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of dockordockordollsdocka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies eniini · prepositionpreposition marking fönstretfönstretwindowfönstr · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies dockorArchaic/dialectal spelling of fönster.
gömdehidgömde · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gömdeA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
djupastdeepestdjupast · adverbmodifies gömdeneredownnere · adverbmodifies gömdeiini · prepositionpreposition marking kassenkassencreelkass · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nereochandoch · conjunctionmodifies gömdeforwentfor · adverbpart of the phrase ochMistagged as adverb; this is the past tense of the verb 'fara', meaning 'went/traveled'.
ioffi · prepositionmodifies ochvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iAnd the birds must have believed it was he who stood in the window, for they let me get away without pursuing me."
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfåglarnathe birdsfågle · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevälmustväl · adverbmodifies troddeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of troddehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varsomwhosom · pronounsubject of stodThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
stodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on haniini · prepositionpreposition marking fönstretfönstretwindowfönstr · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stodArchaic/dialectal spelling of fönster.
förforför · prepositiondepends on lätdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of lätlätletlät · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with troddemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of lätkommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of lätavawayav · prepositiondepends on kommautanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of förföljaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of förföljainfinitive marker before a verb.
förföljato pursueförfölja · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on lätmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of förfölja- 10
"Doesn't he say anything?" asked Klement.
Sägersayssäga · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Sägeringentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of Sägerfrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of frågademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
— "Oh yes, at first he tried to call to the birds, but I wouldn't have that, so I put a gag on him."
Jowell/yesjo · interjectiondepends on försökteused to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt.
iati · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of försökteförsöktetriedförsöka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försökteropato call outropa · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försöktetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking fåglarnafåglarnathe birdsfåglare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of ropamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of vetavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetaintenotinte · particlemodifies vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with försökteavtolerateav · prepositionpreposition marking vetautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
jagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ladeladeputla · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on veta"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
munkavlegagmunkavle · verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominativecomplement of ladepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lade— "But, Åsbjörn," said Klement, "that you do so to him!
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativehead of the phrasesadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to ÅsbjörnKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of görduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of görgördoesgöra · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of sadesåin that wayså · adverbmodifies görmottomot · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of görDon't you understand that he's something supernatural?"
Förstårunderstand(s)förstå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Förstårintenotinte · particlemodifies Förstårattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of övernaturligthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of övernaturligtärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to övernaturligtnågotsomethingnågon · determiner, neuter, singularmodifies övernaturligtövernaturligtsupernaturalövernaturlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of Förstår— "I don't know what sort of thing he might be," said Åsbjörn calmly.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies vetvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on slaghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of slagkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of slagvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to slagförkind offör · prepositionpreposition marking slagslagsortslag · noun, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of vetsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to vetÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativemodifies lugntlugntcalmlylugnt · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade"Let others puzzle that out.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of fårfårletfå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceandraothersannan · pronoun, pluraldirect object of fårfunderathink/figure outfundera · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of fårutoutut · adverbdepends on funderaI'm content as long as I get well paid for him.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of nöjdärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to nöjdnöjdpleasednöjd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasebarajustbara · adverbmodifies fårjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fårfårgetfå · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to nöjdvälwellväl · adverbmodifies betaltbetaltpaidbetala · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of fårSupine 'betalt' (paid), mistagged as an adjective.
förforför · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fårAnd tell me now, Klement, what you think the Doctor at Skansen might want to give me!"
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsägsayssäga · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sägnunownu · adverbmodifies sägKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sägPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of trorduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trortrorthinkstro · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of sägattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of geDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativemodifies Doktornkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of geviljato wantvilja · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of trormigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of ge- 11
Klement was slow to answer for a long while.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of dröjdeProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
dröjdewas slowdröja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of svarainfinitive marker before a verb.
svarato answersvara · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on dröjdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundlånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of svara But such an anxiety had come over him for the tomte's sake.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · auxiliary verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencein kommit att + infinitive, 'come to (do something)'.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ängslansådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ängslansån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
ängslananxietyängslan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitförforför · prepositionpreposition marking pysslingenspysslingensgnome'spyssling · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of skullRefers to a tomte/brownie figure, not a literal gnome-fairy tale creature.
skullsakeskull · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitonly occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'.
He truly felt as if his mother stood beside him telling him that he should always be good to the little folk.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceriktigttrulyriktig · adverbmodifies tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stodmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tycktebredvidbesidebredvid · prepositiondepends on stodhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of stodochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stodtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of godhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of godalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies godskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of godvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to godgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on stodmottomot · prepositionpreposition marking småfolketsmåfolketthe little folksmåfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of god"I don't know what the Doctor up there might want to pay you, Åsbjörn," he said.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies vetvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of betalaDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of betaladäroppeup theredäroppe · adverbmodifies Doktornkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of betalaviljato wantvilja · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of betalabetalato paybetala · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of vetdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of betalaÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with digsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to vethanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade"But if you'll leave him to me, I'll give you twenty kronor for him."
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lämnaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lämnavillwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of lämnalämnaleavelämna · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of lämnaåttoåt · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lämnaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of getjugetwentytjuge · noun, genitive, neuter, pluraldepends on geTjuge is a historical variant of modern tjugo.
kronorkronorkrona · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of geförforför · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ge- 12
Åsbjörn looked at the fiddler with enormous astonishment when he heard the great sum.
ÅsbjörnÅsbjörnÅsbjörn · proper noun, nominativesubject of sågsågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking spelmannenspelmannenfiddlerspelmann · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking förvåningoerhördenormousoerhörd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies förvåningförvåningastonishmentförvåning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hördehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördehördeheardhöra · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sågdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of summanstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies summanweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
summanthe sumsumma · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hörde He thought that Klement believed the tomte had some secret power and could be of use to him.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of troddeKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of troddemistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
troddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tänkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadepysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of troddenågonsomenågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of makthemligsecrethemlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies maktmaktpowermakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varavarabevara · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with hadehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of varatillof usetill · prepositionpreposition marking nyttanyttausenytta · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varaHe certainly wasn't sure that the Doctor thought so highly of him and would pay so high a price.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of säkervarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to säkervisstcertainlyviss · adverbmodifies säkersurface visst here is the adverb 'certainly/surely', not the adjective viss 'certain'.
intenotinte · particlemodifies säkersäkersuresäker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasepåofpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of tänkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tänkteDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on säkersåsoså · adverbmodifies stortstorthighlystor · adverbmodifies tänkteAdverbial use of stor ('big'); e.g. 'inte stort' = 'not much'.
omofom · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tänkteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of betalabetalato paybetala · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with tänkteettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of prissåsoså · adverbmodifies högthögthighhög · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies prisprispricepris · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of betalaAnd so he accepted Klement's offer.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåsoså · adverbmodifies togtogtookta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of togemotacceptedemot · prepositionpreposition marking anbudKlementsKlement'sKlement · proper noun, genitivepossessor of anbudanbudoffersanbud · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of tog- 13
The fiddler tucked his purchase down into one of his wide pockets, went back to Skansen, and went into one of the shieling cottages, where there were neither visitors nor keepers.
Spelmannenfiddlerspelmann · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stoppadestoppadetuckedstoppa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenerdownner · adverbdepends on stoppadesitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of inköppossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
inköphis purchaseinköp · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of stoppadeiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking eneniten · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies inköpavofav · prepositionpreposition marking fickorsinahissig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of fickorvidawidevid · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies fickorfickorpocketsficka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies envändeturnedvääggn · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stoppadeLemma is garbled; surface vände is the past tense of vända ("to turn").
tillbakabacktillbaka · adverbmodifies vändetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of vändeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stoppadeininin · adverbdepends on gickiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking eneniten · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of gickavofav · prepositionpreposition marking fäbodstugornafäbodstugornathe shieling cottagesfäbodstugorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies endärtheredär · adverbmodifies fannsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativerelative clause on fäbodstugornaexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
besökandevisitorsbesökande · adjective, nominativesubject of fannselleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvaktarekeepersvaktare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with besökande He drew the door shut behind him, took out the tomte, who was still bound at hands and feet and had his mouth stopped up, and laid him carefully down on a bench.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of drogdrogpulleddra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceigenagainigen · adverbdepends on drogdörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of drogefterbehindefter · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of drogtogtookta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with drogframforwardfram · adverbdepends on togpysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of togA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
somwhosom · pronounsubject of bundenThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ännustillännu · adverbmodifies bundenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to bundenbundenboundbunden · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on pysslingentillattill · prepositionpreposition marking händerhänderhandshända · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of bundenPlural of hand; lemma mislabeled 'hända' but this is händer, 'hands'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfötterfeetfött · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with händerSurface 'fötter/fötterna' (feet) of 'fot'; lemma is a spelling artifact.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with bundenmunnenmouthmun · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadetillstoppadstopped uptillstoppad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationladelaidlägga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with bundenförsiktigtcarefullyförsiktig · adverbmodifies ladenerdownner · adverbdepends on ladehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of ladepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bänkenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bänkbänkbenchbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lade- 14
"Listen now to what I tell you!" said Klement.
Hörhear/listenHör · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies Hörpåtopå · prepositionintroduces the clause of sägervadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on sägerjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sägersägersayssäga · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on Hördigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sägersadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to HörKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
"I well know that ones like you don't care to be seen by people, but want to go about and putter and manage on your own.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenogwellnog · adverbmodifies vetattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sådanasådanasuchsån · pronoun, pluralclausal complement of vetColloquial/old plural of sådan ('such').
somlikesom · pronoundirect object of tyckerThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckerintenotinte · particlemodifies tyckertyckerthinktycka · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on sådanaomtoom · prepositionintroduces the clause of seddaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seddainfinitive marker before a verb.
blibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivepassive auxiliary of seddaseddaseensedda · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on tyckeravbyav · prepositionpreposition marking människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralagent of seddautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
villwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with seddaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpysslaputterpyssla · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationställato manageställa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåpåonpå · prepositiondepends on gåegenownegen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies handhandhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gåSo I've thought to set you free, but it must be on the promise that you'll stay in this garden until I give you leave to go from here.
Därförsodärför · adverbmodifies tänktharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tänktjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkttänktthoughttänka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of geinfinitive marker before a verb.
geto givege · verb, active, infinitivedepends on tänktdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of gefrifreefri · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of gemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blifårmustfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with tänktmoton the promise thatmot · prepositionpreposition marking löftetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of löftetlöftetthe promiselöft · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bliattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stannarduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stannarstannarstaystanna · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on blikvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on stannariini · prepositionpreposition marking trädgårdendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of trädgårdenhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase denträdgårdengardenträdgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stannartillsuntiltills · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lovarjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lovarlovarpromiseslova · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on blidigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of lovarattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of farafaragofara · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of lovarsome listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type.
härifrånfrom herehärifrån · adverbmodifies faraIf you agree to this, nod your head three times!"
GåragreeGår · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Gårininin · adverbdepends on Gårpåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of Gårsåthenså · adverbmodifies nickanickanodnicka · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to Gårtrethreetre · numeral, nominativequantifies gångergångertimesgång · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of nickamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies gånger- 15
Klement looked expectantly at the tomte, but he held himself motionless.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sågProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
sågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförväntansfulltexpectantlyförväntansfull · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sågpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking pysslingenpysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdennehedenna · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of höllArchaic masculine demonstrative "denne" used anaphorically for a previously named male person.
höllremained motionlesshålla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sågsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of höllorörligmotionlessorörlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of höll - 16
"You shall not have it hard," said Klement.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåintenotinte · particlemodifies fåfåhave a hard timefå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of fåsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of fåsadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fåKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
"I'll set out food for you every day, and I believe you'll have so much to do here that time won't seem long to you.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sättaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sättasättato set/putsätta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceutoutut · adverbdepends on sättamatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sättatillfortill · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sättavareveryvara · verb, past, indicative, activemodifies sättadagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase varochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trortrorthinkstro · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with sättaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fåduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåfåhavefå · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of trorsåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbdirect object of fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göradogöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fåhärherehär · adverbmodifies göraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blitidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliintenotinte · particlemodifies bliskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fålånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliförforför · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bliBut you may not go to any other place until you get leave from me.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fårfårmay notfå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies fårfaragofara · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fårsome listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type.
tilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking ställenågotanynågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ställeannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ställeställeplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of fårförränbeforeförrän · adverbmodifies fårused with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fårfårgetfå · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on ställelovleavelov · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåravfromav · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fårWe'll agree on a sign.
Viwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceöverensin agreementöverens · adverbdepends on kommaomonom · prepositionpreposition marking teckenettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of teckenteckensigntecken · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kommaAs long as I set out your food in a white bowl, you're to stay.
Såasså · adverbmodifies längelängeas long aslänge · adverbhead of the phrasesomassom · pronoundepends on sätterThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
jagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sättersätterset outsätta · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on längeutoutut · adverbdepends on sätterdinyourdu · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of matmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sätteriini · prepositionpreposition marking skålenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skålvitwhitevit · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skålskålbowlskål · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies matskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of stannaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stannastannastaystanna · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceWhen I set it out in a blue one, you may go."
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sätterjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sättersätterset outsätta · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on fårutoutut · adverbdepends on sätterdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of sätteriini · prepositionpreposition marking blåenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of blåblåblueblå · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sätterfårmayfå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fårfaragofara · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fårsome listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type.
- 17
Klement fell silent again and waited for the tomte to give the sign, but he did not stir.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of tegtegfell silentteg · pronoun, common gender, singularhead of the phrasepåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking nyttnyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of tegochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationväntadewaitedvänta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with nyttattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gepysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of geA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
skullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of tegtecknetsigntecken · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdennehedenna · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of rördeArchaic masculine demonstrative "denne" used anaphorically for a previously named male person.
rördestirredröra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of rördeintenotinte · particlemodifies rörde - 18
"I see," said Klement, "then there'll be no other counsel but that I show you to the master here at the place.
JasåI seeJaså · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeInterjection mistagged as a noun; expresses mild surprise or acknowledgment and its English rendering shifts with tone.
sadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
dåthendå · adverbmodifies blirblirbecomesbli · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with sadedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blirvälthenväl · adverbmodifies bliringennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rådannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies rådrådadviceråd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of bliränthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visafårmustfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of visavisato showvisa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sadedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of visaförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking husbondenhusbondenmasterhusbond · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of visahärherehär · adverbmodifies visapåatpå · prepositiondepends on visaställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase på And then you'll be put in a glass case, and all the people in the great city of Stockholm will come to look at you."
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on blirblirbecomesbli · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activepassive auxiliary of sattduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionpreposition marking glasskåpglasskåpa glass caseglasskåp · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sattochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of tittaiini · prepositionpreposition marking stadStockholmsStockholm'sStockholm · proper noun, genitivepossessor of stadstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies stadweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
stadtownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människorkommerwillkomma · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tittaförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of tittaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tittainfinitive marker before a verb.
tittato looktitta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sattpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of titta- 19
But this seemed to have frightened the tomte, and no sooner said than he made the sign.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of tycktestycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativeadverbial clause on hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceskrämtfrightenedskräm · adverbmodifies pysslingenpysslingengnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of haA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sagtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sagtknappthardlyknappt · adverbmodifies sagtsagtsaidsäga · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with haReally the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective.
förränbeforeförrän · adverbmodifies gjordeused with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sagttecknetsigntecken · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gjorde - 20
"That was right," said Klement, and took his knife and cut the cord that bound the tomte's hands.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with rättvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to rätträttrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasesadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to rättKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
togtookta · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to rättsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of knivknivknifekniv · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of togochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskarcutska · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with togThe backbone lemma/morphology are mistagged; surface 'skar' is actually the past tense of skära (to cut), not a form of ska (shall).
avoffav · prepositionpreposition marking snöretsnöretthe cordsnör · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of skarsomthatsom · pronounsubject of fängsladeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
fängsladeboundfängsla · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on skarpysslingensgnome'spyssling · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of händerRefers to a tomte/brownie figure, not a literal gnome-fairy tale creature.
händerhandshända · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of fängsladePlural of hand; lemma mislabeled 'hända' but this is händer, 'hands'.
Then he went quickly toward the door.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickhastigtquicklyhastig · adverbmodifies gickmottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking dörrendörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gick- 21
The boy loosened the bonds around his ankles and pushed away the gag before he thought of anything else.
Pojkenthe boypojken · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lossadelossadeloosenedlossa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebandenbondsband · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of lossadekringaroundkring · prepositionpreposition marking fotledernafotledernathe anklesfotlederna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of lossadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskötpushed awaysköt · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with lossadePast tense of 'skjuta' (to shoot/push); mistagged as present tense.
bortawaybort · adverbdepends on skötmunkavlengagmunkavl · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of skötinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tänktehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on lossadepåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking annatnågotanythingnågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of annatannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of tänkte When he then turned to Klement Larsson to thank him, the man was already gone.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vändehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vändesedanthensedan · adverbmodifies vändevändeturnedvände · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on bortasighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of vändetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of vändePersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
LarssonLarssonLarsson · proper noun, nominativedepends on KlementSurname, Klement Larsson.
förtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of tackaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tackainfinitive marker before a verb.
tackathanktacka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on vändeGloss 'thank' is correct for the infinitive verb, but example ch13-p20-s8 ('sade en gammal tacka') uses the unrelated homograph noun 'tacka' meaning 'ewe' — that example is mis-slotted under this verb lemma and should not be read as 'to thank'.
honomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of tackavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to bortadennethe mandenna · adjective, nominativepart of the phrase varredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies bortabortagoneborta · adverbhead of the phrase- 22
Klement had scarcely gotten outside the door when he met a stately and handsome old gentleman who seemed to be on his way to a beautiful viewpoint nearby.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hadeProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenättbarelynätt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies hadeAlways in the fixed phrase 'nätt och jämnt' = barely/just barely, though tagged as a noun.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjämntscarcelyjämn · adverbmodifies kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadeutomoutsideutom · prepositionpreposition marking dörrendörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of möttehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of möttemöttemetmötte · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herreståtligstatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herreochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with ståtliggammaloldgammal · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herreherregentlemanherre · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of mötteCapitalized Herre in 'Vår Herre' means 'Our Lord'; lower-case herre elsewhere means 'gentleman/master'.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of varaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
tycktesseemed totycktes · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies varavarabevara · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on herrepåonpå · prepositiondepends on varavägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase påframforwardfram · adverbmodifies varatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking utsiktsplatsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of utsiktsplatsvackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies utsiktsplatsutsiktsplatsviewpointutsiktsplat · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of framsomthatsom · pronounsubject of fannsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
fannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativerelative clause on utsiktsplatsexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
inearbyi · prepositionmodifies fannsnärhetenvicinitynärhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase i Klement could not recall having seen the stately old gentleman before, but he must certainly have noticed Klement at some time when he had been playing the fiddle, for he stopped and began to speak to him.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of minnasProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
kundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of minnasintenotinte · particlemodifies minnasminnasrememberminna · verb, passive, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of setthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on lagtdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies settherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies settMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
förutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies herrnmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdennehe/this onedenne · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of visstmåttemustmåtte · adverbpart of the phrase denneModal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means "must"; the perfect sense ("must have") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain "must."
visstcertainlyviss · adverbmodifies lagtsurface visst here is the adverb 'certainly/surely', not the adjective viss 'certain'.
hahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of lagtlagtlaidlägga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on minnasmärkenoticemärke · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on lagtBoth attested examples are the idiom 'lägga märke till' = 'to notice', not the bare noun 'mark'; flag as context-dependent so the idiomatic sense isn't lost.
tillnoticetill · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of lagtPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
någonat some timenågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångsome timegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lagtnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of spelathanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of spelathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of spelatspelatplayedspela · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on lagtfiolfiddlefiol · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of spelatförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of stannadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stannadestannadestoppedstanna · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with lagtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with lagttalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tala- 23
"Good day, Klement!" he said.
GodgoodGod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies dagIn greetings like 'God dag'/'God kväll' this is the adjective 'good', not the name Goddag.
dagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with dagPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade "How are things with you?
Hurhowhur · adverbmodifies stårstårstandsstå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with stårtillaretill · prepositiondepends on stårmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stårYou're surely not ill?
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sjukärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to sjukvälsurelyväl · adverbmodifies sjukintenotinte · particlemodifies sjuksjuksicksjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseI think you've pined away of late."
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckertyckerthinktycka · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tynatduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tynatharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tynattynatpined awaytyna · verb, active, supineclausal complement of tyckeravawayav · prepositionpreposition marking tidenpåof latepå · prepositionpreposition marking tidensistalastsista · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies tidentidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of tynat- 24
There was such an indescribable kindness about the old gentleman that Klement took courage and told him how hard he found his homesickness.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of vänlighetvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vänlighetenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vänlighetsåsuchså · adverbmodifies obeskrivligobeskrivligindescribableobeskrivlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies vänlighetvänlighetkindnessvänlighet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseöveraboutöver · prepositionpreposition marking herrndenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herrngamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies herrnherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies vänlighetMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of togKlementKlementKlement · proper noun, nominativesubject of togProper name, Klement Larsson.
togtookta · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on vänlighetmodcouragemod · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of togtilltook couragetill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of togochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationberättadetoldberätta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with toghonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of berättadehurhowhur · adverbmodifies svårtsvårthardsvår · adverbcomplement of berättadeThis type bundles the positive 'svårt' and the comparative 'svårare' under one gloss; ch02-p89-s2 'ännu svårare' means 'still harder', not just 'difficult'.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on svårtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hemlängtansinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of hemlängtanhemlängtanhomesicknesshemlängtan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hade - 25
"What?" said the stately old gentleman.
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies herrnherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies sadeMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
"You're longing, when you're in Stockholm?
LängtarlongLängtar · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Längtarnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ärduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ärärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on Längtariini · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of ärThat can surely never be possible."
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of möjligtkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of möjligtvälsurelyväl · adverbmodifies möjligtaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies möjligtvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to möjligtmöjligtpossiblemöjlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasehalf the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two.
- 26
And the stately old gentleman looked almost offended.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies herrnherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbsubject of sågMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
sågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies förnärmadförnärmadoffendedförnärmad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of sågutlookut · adverbdepends on såg But then he considered that it was only a poor ignorant old fellow from Hälsingland he was talking with, and he resumed his kindly manner.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies besinnadebesinnadeconsideredbesinna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceOften reflexive, besinna sig, "to stop and think".
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of besinnadevälindeedväl · adverbmodifies besinnadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of Hälsinglandsgubbedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with Hälsinglandsgubbebarajustbara · adverbmodifies Hälsinglandsgubbevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to Hälsinglandsgubbeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of okunniggammaloldgammal · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies okunnigokunnigignorantokunnig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies HälsinglandsgubbeHälsinglandsgubbeHälsingland fellowHälsinglandsgubbe · proper noun, nominativeclausal complement of besinnadesomwhomsom · pronounoblique complement of taladeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on Hälsinglandsgubbemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking somochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of återtogåtertogresumedåterta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with besinnadesitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of sättpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
vänligakindlyvänlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of återtog- 27
"You've surely never heard how the city of Stockholm came into being, Klement.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hörtharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörtsäkertsurelysäker · adverbmodifies hörtaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies hörthörtheardhöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehurhowhur · adverbmodifies uppkommitStockholmsStockholm'sStockholm · proper noun, genitivepossessor of stadstadtownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppkommitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of uppkommituppkommitarisenuppkomma · verb, active, supineclausal complement of hörtKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of uppkommitmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
If you had, you'd understand that it's only a fancy of yours that you long from here.
HadehadHa · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on förståPast tense 'hade' of 'ha/hava' (to have).
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Hadedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of Hadeskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förståduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förståförståunderstandförstå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of inbillningdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of inbillningbarajustbara · adverbmodifies inbillningärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to inbillningenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of inbillninginbillningfancyinbillning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of förståavofav · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies inbillningattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of längtarduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of längtarlängtarlongslängta · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on inbillninghärifrånfrom herehärifrån · adverbmodifies längtarCome with me to the bench over there, and I'll tell you a little about Stockholm!"
KomcomeKom · verb, imperative, activedepends on berättamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Komtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking bänkenbänkenbenchbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Komdärbortaover theredärborta · adverbmodifies Komsåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on berättaskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of berättajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berättaberättato tellberätta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of berättaliteta littlelitet · adverbmodifies berättaomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of berätta- 28
When the stately old gentleman had seated himself on the bench, he first looked for a moment down over Stockholm, which in all its splendor spread out beneath him, and he drew a deep breath, as if he had wanted to breathe in all the beauty of the region.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sattdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of sattherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies sattMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sågsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sattpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bänkenbänkenbenchbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattsågsawsåga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceMislemmatized: surface is 'såg', the past tense of se ('to see'/'looked'), in both examples ('såg han sig om' = 'looked around'), not a form of såga ('to saw'). Gloss corrected to 'saw' (as in 'he saw/looked').
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies sågettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ögonblickögonblickmomentsögonblick · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of sågnerdownner · adverbmodifies ögonblicköveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of sågsomwhichsom · pronounsubject of utbreddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking praktallallall · determiner, common gender, singularpart of the phrase isinitssig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of praktpraktsplendorprakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utbreddeutbreddespread oututbreddea · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sågsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of utbreddeunderbeneathunder · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utbreddeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of drogdrogdrewdrog · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sågettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of andetagdjuptdeepdjup · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies andetagandetagbreathandetag · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of drogsomassom · pronounsubject of passive inandasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of velathanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of velathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of velatvelatwantedvela · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on inandaslemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form.
inandasbreathe ininanda · verb, present, indicative, passiverelative clause on andetagallallall · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skönhettraktensthe region’strakt · noun, genitive, neuter, pluralpossessor of skönhetskönhetbeautyskönhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of inandas Then he turned to the fiddler.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies vändevändeturnedväna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vändesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of vändetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking spelmannenspelmannenfiddlerspelmann · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vände- 29
"Look now, Klement!" he said, and began to draw a little map on the gravel path before them as he spoke.
Selookse · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies SeKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of Semistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to Sehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with saderitadrawrita · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeutdrawut · adverbdepends on ritaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kartalitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kartakartamapkarta · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ritapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking sandgångensandgångensanded pathsandgång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kartaframförin front offramför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of ritamedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of taladehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on rita "Here now lies Uppland, and here a headland juts down toward the south, torn into shreds by a great many bays.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies liggerliggerliesligga · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies liggerUpplandUpplandUppland · proper noun, nominativesubject of liggerochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies skjuterskjuterjutsskjuta · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with liggerdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with skjuternerdownner · adverbdepends on skjuterenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of uddeuddepointudde · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of skjutera headland/point of land.
mottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking södersödersouthsöder · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skjutersomwhichsom · pronounsubject of sönderflikadThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to sönderflikadsönderflikaddeeply indentedsönderflikad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on skjuteravbyav · prepositionpreposition marking mängdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mängdmängda great manymängd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sönderflikadvikarbaysvik · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraladverbial clause on liggerAnd here Sörmland meets it with another headland, just as jagged, running straight toward the north.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies mötermötermeetsmöta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceSörmlandSörmlandSörmland · proper noun, nominativesubject of möterA Swedish province.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking uddeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of uddeannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies uddeuddepointudde · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of mötera headland/point of land.
somwhichsom · pronounsubject of sönderskurenThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to sönderskurenlikaequallylika · adverbmodifies sönderskurensönderskurenjaggedsönderskuren · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldepends on möterochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgårgoesgå · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with möterrättrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gårmottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking norrnorrnorthnorr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gårAnd here comes a lake from the west, filled with islands: that is Mälaren.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjösjölakesjö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies västerifrånvästerifrånfrom the westvästerifrån · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommerActually the adverb 'västerifrån', mistagged as a noun.
somwhichsom · pronounsubject of uppfylldThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to uppfyllduppfylldfilleduppfylld · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on västerifrånavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking öaröarislandsöar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralagent of uppfyllddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of Mälarenärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to MälarenMälarenMälarenmälar · proper noun, nominativeparallel clause to kommerLake Mälaren, near Stockholm.
And here comes from the east another water, which can scarcely force its way forward among islands and skerries: that is the Baltic.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceösterifrånfrom the eastösterifrån · adverbdepends on kommerettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of vattenannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies vattenvattenwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of kommersomwhichsom · pronounsubject of trängaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
knappthardlyknappt · adverbmodifies kankancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of trängaträngato force one's waytränga · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on vattensigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of trängaframforwardfram · adverbmodifies trängamellanbetweenmellan · prepositionpreposition marking öaröarislandsöar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of trängaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskärskerriesskära · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with öardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of Östersjönärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to ÖstersjönÖstersjönthe Baltic SeaÖstersjön · proper noun, nominativeparallel clause to kommerAnd here, Klement, where Uppland meets Sörmland and Mälaren meets the Baltic, runs a short strait, and in the middle of it lie four little islets that divide the strait into several arms, and of them one is now called Norrström, but it used to be called Stocksund.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase OchKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with härmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
därtheredär · adverbmodifies möterUpplandUpplandUppland · proper noun, nominativesubject of mötermötermeetsmöta · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on KlementSörmlandSörmlandSörmland · proper noun, nominativedirect object of möterA Swedish province.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationMälarenLake MälarenMälaren · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with Sörmlandmötermeetsmöta · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to härÖstersjönthe Baltic SeaÖstersjön · proper noun, nominativedirect object of mötergårgoesgå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kortkortshortkort · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåråstraitå · prepositionmodifies gårMostly used as the noun for a small river (Ronneby å); the idiom fara å färde 'be afoot/underway' is an old prepositional use.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmittin the middlemitt · adverbmodifies liggaiini · prepositionpreposition marking dendenaen · determiner, common gender, singularoblique complement of liggaliggato lieligga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gårfyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies holmarsmåsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies holmarholmarisletsholme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of liggasomthatsom · pronounsubject of delaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
delato sharedela · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on holmarånthe riverån · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of delaiini · prepositionpreposition marking armarfleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies armararmararmsarme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of delaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of heterheteris calledheta · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with liggaenaen · determiner, common gender, singularintroduces the clause of nununownu · adverbmodifies NorrströmNorrströmNorrströmNorrström · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of hetermenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of passive kalladeskalladeswas calledkalla · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with gårförrbeforeförr · adverbmodifies kalladesStocksundStocksundStocksund · proper noun, nominativecomplement of kallades- 30
These islets were at first just ordinary leafy holms, such as there are plenty of in Mälaren even today, and they lay uninhabited for long ages.
Detheseen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
härherehär · adverbpart of the phrase Deholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phrasevorowerevoro · pronoun, pluraldepends on holmarnamistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'.
frånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies holmarnabarajustbara · adverbmodifies vanligavanligaordinaryvanlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies lövholmarlövholmarleafy isletslövholm · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies börjansådanasuchsån · pronoun, pluralcoordinated with holmarnaColloquial/old plural of sådan ('such').
somassom · pronoundirect object of finnsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with finnsfinnsthere arefinnas · verb, present, indicativerelative clause on holmarnasåsoså · adverbmodifies finnsgottplentygod · adverbmodifies finnsomofom · prepositiondepends on finnsiini · prepositionpreposition marking MälarenMälarenLake Mälarenmälar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of finnsänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of iitodayi · prepositionmodifies finnsdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of lågoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
lågolaylågo · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with holmarnamistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay).
ifori · prepositionpreposition marking tiderlångalonglång · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies tidertidertimestid · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies lågoalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies obeboddaobeboddauninhabitedobebodd · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on lågo It might seem that they had a good position, lying as they did between two waters and two provinces, but no one took notice of this.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of passive tyckaskancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tyckastyckasto seemtycka · verb, passive, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tyckasettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of lägebragoodbra · adjective, nominativemodifies lägelägepositionläge · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadesåsomassåsom · adverbmodifies ladedetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of lågoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
lågolaylågo · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralpart of the phrase såsommistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay).
mittemellanbetweenmittemellan · prepositionpreposition marking vattentvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies vattenvattenwatersvatten · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies lågoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies landskaplandskapprovinceslandskap · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with vattenmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ladeladetook noticela · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hade"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
ingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of märkemärkenoticemärke · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of ladeBoth attested examples are the idiom 'lägga märke till' = 'to notice', not the bare noun 'mark'; flag as context-dependent so the idiomatic sense isn't lost.
tillnoticetill · prepositionpreposition marking ladeYear after year passed.
Åryearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of gickefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking åråryearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePeople settled both on the islands of Mälaren and out in the archipelago, but these islets in the Strömmen got no inhabitants.
MänniskorpeopleMänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of bosattebosattesettledbosatte · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bosattebådebothbåde · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking MälaröarnaMälaröarnathe Mälaren islandsMälaröarna · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of bosatteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationuteoutsideute · adverbcoordinated with Mälaröarnaiini · prepositionpreposition marking skärgårdenskärgårdenarchipelagoskärgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheseen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
härherehär · adverbpart of the phrase deholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with Mälaröarnaiini · prepositionpreposition marking fingoStrömmenthe StrömmenStrömmen · proper noun, nominativepossessor of fingoProper name for the central Stockholm waterway.
fingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies holmarnaArchaic plural past tense of 'få' (to get/receive), mislabeled as a noun.
ingano/noneingen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of invånareinvånareinhabitantsinvånare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies holmarnaNow and then it happened that some seafarer put in at one of them and pitched his tent there for the night.
Någonnow and thennågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångnow and thengång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of händehändehappenedhände · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with händeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ladeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjöfarandesjöfarandeseafarersjöfarande · adjective, nominativesubject of ladeladeput inla · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on hände"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
tillintill · prepositiondepends on ladevidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking enenoneman · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of ladeSurfaces are only "en"/"En" used as a counting pronoun ("en av dem" = "one of them"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en ("one does X"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun "one"). Gloss "one" happens to still be correct.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies enochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationslogpitchedslå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ladeLight verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner).
oppupopp · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on slogMistagged as a noun; opp is the colloquial spelling of upp, "up".
sitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of tältpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
tälttenttält · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of slogdärtheredär · adverbmodifies slogöverforöver · prepositionpreposition marking nattennattennightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of därBut no one settled there in earnest.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of stannadestannadestoppedstanna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedärtheredär · adverbmodifies stannadepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking allvarallvarin earnestallvar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stannade- 31
One day a fisherman who lived on Lidingö out in the Saltsjön had steered his boat inward into Mälaren, and there he'd had such good luck with the fishing that he'd forgotten to go home in time.
Enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of fiskarefiskarefishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hadeThe definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of boddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
boddelivedboda · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on fiskarepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking LidingönLidingönLidingöLidingön · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of boddeuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies boddeiini · prepositionpreposition marking SaltsjönSaltsjönSaltsjönSaltsjön · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of boddestyrtsteeredstyra · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies båtsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of båtbåtboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to fiskareinåtintoinåt · prepositionpreposition marking MälarenMälarenMälarenMälaren · proper noun, nominativemodifies båtthe large lake near Stockholm.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärtheredär · adverbmodifies hafthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadesåsuchså · adverbmodifies godgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies turturlucktur · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of haftmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking fisketfisketfishingfiske · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of haftattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of glömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of glömthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of glömtglömtforgottenglömma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on haftatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of resainfinitive marker before a verb.
resato travelresa · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of glömthemhomehem · adverbmodifies resaiini · prepositionpreposition marking tidtidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of resa He hadn't gotten farther than the four islets when it was already quite dark, and then he thought he could do no better than to step ashore on one of them and wait there till later in the night, when the moon would rise, for that he knew would happen.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hunnithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hunnitintenotinte · particlemodifies hunnithunnitgottenhinna · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencelängrefartherlänge · adverbmodifies hunnitänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of holmarnatillas far astill · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
fyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of hunnitnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mörktdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of mörktredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies mörktvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mörktalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies mörktmörktdarkmörk · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on holmarnaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdåthendå · adverbmodifies tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with mörkthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of tyckteintenotinte · particlemodifies görakunnacankunna · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of tycktebättrebetterbra · adverbdirect object of göraänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stigaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of stigainfinitive marker before a verb.
stigato risestiga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on göraiashorei · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stigapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking enenoneman · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of stigaSurfaces are only "en"/"En" used as a counting pronoun ("en av dem" = "one of them"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en ("one does X"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun "one"). Gloss "one" happens to still be correct.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies enochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationväntato waitvänta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with stigadärtheredär · adverbmodifies väntatilluntiltill · prepositionmodifies väntalängrelaterlänge · adverbmodifies framframforwardfram · adverbpart of the phrase tillpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking nattennattennightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of framdåwhendå · adverbintroduces the clause of blevdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on visstemånskenmoonlightmånsk · proper noun, nominativesubject of blevförforför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to hunnithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vissteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of visste- 32
It was late summer, and the weather was still warm and fine, though the evenings had begun to grow dark.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sensommarvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sensommarsensommarlate summersensomm · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarmtwarmvarm · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies väderochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvackertbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with varmtväderweatherväder · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with sensommarännustillännu · adverbmodifies sensommarfastänalthoughfastän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjatkvällarnathe eveningskväll · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of börjathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of börjatbörjatbegunbörja · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on sensommaratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of bliinfinitive marker before a verb.
blibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjatmörkadarkmörk · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of bli The fisherman drew his boat up on land, lay down beside it with his head against a stone, and fell asleep.
Fiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of drogdrogpulleddra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceoppupopp · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on drogmistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'.
sinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of båtbåtboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of drogpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of drogladelay downla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with drog"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of ladebredvidnearbybredvid · adverbmodifies ladedenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of bredvidmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bredvidmotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking stenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stenstenstonesten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bredvidochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsomnadefell asleepsomna · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stenWhen he woke, the moon had long since risen.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vaknadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vaknadevaknadewoke upvakna · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on uppgångenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to uppgångenmånenmoonmåne · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppgångenuppgångenrisenuppgång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseföragoför · prepositionpreposition marking längesedanlängesedanlong agolängesedan · adverbmodifies uppgångenIt stood right above him and shone so splendidly that it was almost broad daylight.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemittöverright abovemittöv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of stodochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskenshoneske · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with honomsåsoså · adverbmodifies praktfulltpraktfulltsplendidlypraktfull · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on stodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dagerdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with dagernästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies dagervarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to dagerfullfullfull · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies dagerdagerdaylightdager · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on stod- 33
The fellow sprang up and was just about to put the boat in the water when he saw a great many black specks moving out in the current.
Karlenthe manKarlen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sprangsprangransprangma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceLemma is corrupted; surfaces are only "sprang" (past of springa, to run). Lemma should read springa, not sprangma.
oppupopp · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on sprangDialectal form of upp ("up"), mistagged as a noun by the parser.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskullewas about toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sättajustjustjust · adverbmodifies sättasättato set/putsätta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sprangbåtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sättaiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking sjönsjönlakesjö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sättanärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sättapast tense of se, 'to see.'
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mängdmängda great manymängd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies prickarsvartablacksvart · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies prickarprickarspecksprick · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sågröramovingröra · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sågsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of rörauteoutsideute · adverbmodifies röraiini · prepositionpreposition marking strömmenströmmenthe currentströmm · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ute It was a great herd of seals coming toward the islet at full speed.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sälstimvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sälstimettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sälstimstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sälstimsälstimherd of sealssälstim · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasesomthatsom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking fartfullfullfull · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies fartfartspeedfart · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on sälstimmottowardmot · prepositiondepends on komholmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase motWhen the fisherman saw that the seals seemed to intend to crawl up onto land, he bent down to search for the spear he always carried with him in the boat.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågfiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on lutadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tycktessälarnasealssäl · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of tycktestycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativeadverbial clause on lutadeämnato intendämna · verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of krypakrypato creepkrypa · verb, active, infinitiveoblique complement of tycktesoppupopp · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on krypaMistagged as a noun; opp is the colloquial spelling of upp, "up".
påontopå · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of opplutadeleanedluta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lutadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of lutadenerdownner · adverbmodifies lutadeförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of sökaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sökainfinitive marker before a verb.
sökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on lutaderedafind outreda · adverbdepends on sökapart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
påoutpå · prepositionpreposition marking spjutetspjutetspearspjut · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sökasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of fördeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fördealltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies fördefördecarriedförde · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on spjutetmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of fördeiini · prepositionpreposition marking båtenbåtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fördeBut when he stood up again, he saw no more seals, but instead there stood on the shore the loveliest young maidens, dressed in green, trailing silken garments and with pearl crowns on their heads.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of restehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of resterestestood upresa · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sågsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of restesågsawsåga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceMislemmatized: surface is 'såg', the past tense of se ('to see'/'looked'), in both examples ('såg han sig om' = 'looked around'), not a form of såga ('to saw'). Gloss corrected to 'saw' (as in 'he saw/looked').
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågintenotinte · particlemodifies sågmermoremycket · adverbmodifies sågnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of sälarsälarsealssäl · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sågutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
iinsteadi · prepositionmodifies stodoställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase istodostoodstodo · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sågpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stododetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of tärnorSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
skönasteloveliestskönaste · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies tärnorStudio translation renders 'skönaste' as 'loveliest' (3x) or 'fairest' (1x), never 'finest'; prefer 'loveliest' to match the wording actually used.
ungayoungung · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies tärnortärnormaidenstärna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kläddakläddadressedklädda · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of sågiini · prepositionpreposition marking sidenklädergrönagreengrön · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies sidenklädersläpandetrailingsläpa · adjective, nominativemodifies sidenklädersidenklädersilken garmentssidenkläd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kläddaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking pärlkronorpärlkronorpearl crownspärlkrona · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with sidenkläderpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking huvudensinatheirsig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of huvudenhuvudenheadshuvude · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies pärlkronorThen the fisherman understood that these were mermaids who lived on the desolate skerries far out at sea and had now put on sealskins in order to come in toward land and enjoy themselves in the moonlight on the green islets.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies förstodförstodunderstoodförstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of havsjungfrurdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of havsjungfrurvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to havsjungfrurhavsjungfrurmermaidshavsjungfru · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralclausal complement of förstodsomwhosom · pronounsubject of boddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
boddelivedbodde · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on havsjungfrurpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking skärendetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of skärenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
ödedesolateöde · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralpart of the phrase deSurfaces mix the neuter noun 'öde' (fate, plural 'öden') with the homonymous adjective 'öde' (deserted); glossed per the noun sense as primary.
skärenskerriesskär · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of boddelångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies boddeuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies boddeiat seai · prepositionpreposition marking havethavetseahav · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of uteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies sälhamnarhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sälhamnartagitput ontaga · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of sälhamnarsälhamnarsealskinssälhamna · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with boddepåonpå · prepositiondepends on sälhamnarförin order toför · prepositionintroduces the clause of kunnaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of kunnainfinitive marker before a verb.
kunnacankunna · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sälhamnarfaragofara · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kunnasome listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type.
ininin · adverbmodifies faramottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of inochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförlustaenjoy themselvesförlusta · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with landsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kunnaiini · prepositionpreposition marking månskenetmånskenetmoonlightmånsken · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kunnapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
grönagreengrön · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kunna- 34
Quite still he laid down the spear, and when the maidens went up onto the islet to play, he crept after them and watched them.
HeltcompletelyHelt · adverbmodifies stillastillastillstilla · adverbmodifies ladeladelaidla · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentence"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ladenerdownner · adverbdepends on ladespjutetspearspjut · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of ladeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gingojungfrurnathe maidensjungfrure · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralpart of the phrase närgingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of oppPast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
oppupoppa · adverbcoordinated with ladeOpp is an older spelling of modern upp.
påontopå · prepositionpreposition marking holmenholmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of oppförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of lekaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of lekainfinitive marker before a verb.
lekato playleka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on oppsmögcrept/slippedsmöga · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with ladePast tense of smyga ('to creep/slip'); lemma mislabeled 'smöga'.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of smögsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of smögefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking demochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbetraktadewatchedbetrakta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with efterdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of smög He had heard that the sea-maidens were said to be so fair and lovely that no one could see them without being enchanted by their beauty, and he had to say to himself that this had not been said of them too strongly.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hörthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörthörtheardhöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skönahavstärnornathe sea-maidenshavstärnorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of skönaHere havstärnorna is a poetic name for mermaids, not sea terns.
skullewere said toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skönavarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to skönasåsoså · adverbmodifies skönaskönabeautifulskön · adjective, nominative, pluralclausal complement of hörtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationljuvalovelyljuva · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with skönaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of seingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of sekundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of hörtdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of seutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of bliatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of bliinfinitive marker before a verb.
blibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sebetagenentrancedbetag · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcomplement of bliavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking fägringderastheirde · pronounpossessor of fägringpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
fägringbeautyfägring · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies betagenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sägamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sägasägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with setilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of sägasjälvhimselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sigattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sagtdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sagtintenotinte · particlemodifies sagtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sagtförtooför · prepositionmodifies sagtmycketmuchmycket · adverbmodifies sagtsagtsaidsäga · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of seReally the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective.
omofom · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of sagt- 35
When he had watched them dance for a while under the trees, he went down to the shore, took one of the sealskins that lay there, and hid it under a stone.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of setthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gickdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of settdansadancedansa · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of settenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of dansaunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking trädenträdentreeträd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dansaträd is an invariant noun (same form singular and plural); the definite plural träden means "the trees."
gickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on toghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gicknerdownner · adverbmodifies gicktilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gicktogtookta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceeniten · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of togavofav · prepositionpreposition marking sälhamnarnasälhamnarnathe sealskinssälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies enHamn here means an assumed animal form or skin, not a harbor.
somthatsom · pronounsubject of lågThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
låglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on togkvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on lågdärtheredär · adverbmodifies lågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgömdehidgömde · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with togdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of gömdeunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking stenenoneen · numeral, nominative, common gender, singularquantifies stenstenstonesten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gömde Then he went back to his boat, lay down beside it, and pretended to be asleep.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on ladehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gicktillbakabacktillbaka · adverbmodifies gicktilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking båtsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of båtbåtboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tillbakaladelay downla · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentence"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of ladenerdownner · adverbmodifies ladebredvidnearbybredvid · adverbdepends on ladedenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of ladeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlåtsadepretendedlåtsa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with denattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sovhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sovsovsleptsova · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on lade- 36
Soon he saw the young maidens come down to the shore to put on the sealskins.
Snartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of se, 'to see.'
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of jungfrurnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
ungayoungung · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies jungfrurnajungfrurnathe maidensjungfrurna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sågkommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of sågnerdownner · adverbmodifies kommatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommaförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of iklädaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of iklädainfinitive marker before a verb.
iklädato put onikläda · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kommasigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of iklädasälhamnarnathe sealskinssälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of iklädaHamn here means an assumed animal form or skin, not a harbor.
All was play and merriment at first, but then there arose wailing and lament, because one of them could not find her sealskin.
Allteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of lekvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to leklekplaylek · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglammerrimentglam · adjective, nominativemodifies lektillat firsttill · prepositionpreposition marking börjanenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lekmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies blevblevbecamebli · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with lekdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of jämmerjämmerlamentjämma · verb, present, indicative, activecomplement of blevochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationklaganlamentklagan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with jämmerdärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of finnaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därförenoneman · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of finnaSurfaces are only "en"/"En" used as a counting pronoun ("en av dem" = "one of them"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en ("one does X"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun "one"). Gloss "one" happens to still be correct.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies enintenotinte · particlemodifies finnakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of finnafinnafindfinna · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blevsinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of sälskrudsälskrudsealskinsälskrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of finnaThey all ran back and forth on the shore and helped her search, but they found nothing.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of sprungoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
sprungoransprungo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phrasetagged as a noun but is the plural past tense of springa (to run); glossed as its actual meaning.
allaallall · pronoun, pluralmodifies sprungoframforwardfram · adverbmodifies allaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtillbakabacktillbaka · adverbcoordinated with frampåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tillbakaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhjälptehelpedhjälpa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with allahenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälpteatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sökainfinitive marker before a verb.
sökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hjälptemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationingentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of funnofunnofoundfunno · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with allaFunno is the historical plural past form of finna.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldirect object of funnoIn the midst of the searching they noticed that the sky was beginning to pale and day was approaching.
Mittunderin the midst ofMittunder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies sökandetFunctions as the preposition/adverb 'mittunder' (in the very midst of), not as a noun.
sökandetthe searchsökand · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of märktemärktenoticedmärkte · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of märkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjadehimlenskyhiml · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of märktebleknapaleblekna · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdagendaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of antågandevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to antågandeiapproachingi · prepositionpreposition marking antågandeantågandeon the wayantågande · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with bleknaThen they seemed unable to stay any longer, and they swam away, all of them, except the one who was without a sealskin.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies tycktestycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of stannaintenotinte · particlemodifies stannakunnacankunna · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of stannastannastaystanna · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to tyckteslängreany longerlänge · adverbmodifies stannautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of summoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
summoswamsummo · adverbmodifies stannaArchaic plural past tense of 'simma' (they swam), despite the adverb tag.
bortawaybort · adverbdepends on summoallihopall of themallihop · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies summoutomexceptutom · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of stannasomwhosom · pronounsubject of varThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singularrelative clause on denthe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
utanwithoututan · prepositionpreposition marking sälhamnsälhamnsealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase varShe stayed behind on the shore and wept.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencekvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on sattpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrätweptgrät · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sattmistagged as a noun; it is the past tense of 'gråta' (to weep).
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The fisherman felt sorry enough for her, but he forced himself to lie still until it was full daylight.
Fiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenogenoughnog · adverbmodifies tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of synddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of syndvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to syndsyndsorrysynd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of tyckteomforom · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of syndmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sigtvangforcedtvang · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on hanMistagged as a noun; this is tvang, the past tense of tvinga ("to force").
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativecoordinated with syndatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of liggainfinitive marker before a verb.
liggato lieligga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sigstillastillstilla · adverbdepends on liggaändauntilända · adverbmodifies blevtillsuntiltills · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blevdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on syndfullfullfull · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies dagerdagerdaylightdager · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of blev Then he rose and put the boat in the water, and it looked as if he had just happened to catch sight of her when he had already lifted the oars.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies resteresterosereste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of restesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of resteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with restepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
båtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satteiini · prepositionpreposition marking sjönsjönlakesjö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of satteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with restepast tense of se, 'to see.'
utlookut · adverbdepends on sågsomassom · pronounsubject of fåttThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fåtthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåttjustjustjust · adverbmodifies fåtttillfälligtvisby chancetillfälligtvis · adverbmodifies fåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttfåttcaughtfå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on sågsynsightsyn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåttpåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fåttnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lyfthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lyftredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies lyfthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lyftlyftliftedlyfa · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on fåttårornathe oarsåra · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of lyft"What sort of creature are you?" he called out.
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phraseärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to Vadduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Vadförkind offör · prepositionpreposition marking enenoneen · numeral, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Vadropadecalled outropa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ropade"Are you a shipwrecked woman?"
Ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to skeppsbrutenduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skeppsbrutenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skeppsbrutenskeppsbrutena shipwrecked womanskeppsbruten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrase- 38
She rushed toward him and asked whether he had seen her sealskin, but the fisherman pretended as if he did not even understand what she was asking after.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of störtadestörtaderushedstörta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceframforwardfram · adverbdepends on störtademottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of störtadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with störtadeomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of setthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on frågadehennesherhon · pronounpossessor of sälhamnpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
sälhamnsealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of settmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låtsadelåtsadepretendedlåtsa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with settsomas ifsom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förstodomifom · subordinating conjunctiondepends on förstodhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodintenotinte · particlemodifies gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångevengång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of förstodförstodunderstoodförstod · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on störtadevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of frågadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of förstodefteraboutefter · prepositiondepends on frågade Then she sat down and wept again, but now he suggested that she come along with him in his boat.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies sattesattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sattenerdownner · adverbmodifies satteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrätweptgrät · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with sattepåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking nyttnyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies grätmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies föreslogföreslogsuggestedföreslog · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of föreslogattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of följaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of följaföljato followfölja · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of föreslogmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följaiini · prepositionpreposition marking båthanshishan · pronounpossessor of båtbåtboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följa'Come home with me to my cottage,' he said, 'and mother will take care of you!
KomcomeKom · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositiondepends on Komhemhomehem · adverbmodifies Komtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking stugaminmyjag · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of stugapossessive form min of the pronoun jag.
stugacottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Komsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on tarhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on tartartakesta · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to Kommormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tarvårdcarevård · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of taromofom · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies vårdYou surely can't stay here on the islet, where you can get neither a bed nor a meal.'
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sittakancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sittavälsurelyväl · adverbmodifies sittaintenotinte · particlemodifies sittasittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencekvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on sittahärherehär · adverbmodifies sittapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking holmenholmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sittadärtheredär · adverbmodifies fåduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåfågetfå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sittaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bäddbäddbedbädd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies matelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationettaen · numeral, nominative, neuter, singularquantifies målmålmealmål · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with bäddmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåAnd he spoke so persuasively that he got her to come along in the boat.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesåsoså · adverbmodifies välvälpersuasivelyväl · adverbmodifies taladeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förmåddehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förmåddeförmåddegot her toförmådde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on taladehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of förmåddeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of följainfinitive marker before a verb.
följato followfölja · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of förmåddemedwithmed · prepositiondepends on följaiini · prepositionpreposition marking båtenbåtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följa- 39
Both the fisherman and his mother were immensely good to the poor mermaid, and she seemed to thrive well with them.
Bådebothbåde · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of godaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanshishan · pronounpossessor of mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with fiskarenvorowerevoro · verb, imperative, activedepends on fiskarenOld plural past tense of vara ('to be'), mistagged here as imperative.
ofantligtimmenselyofantlig · adverbmodifies godagodagoodgod · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasemottomot · prepositionpreposition marking sjöjungfrundenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stackarsstackarspoorstackars · verb, past, indicative, passivepossessor of sjöjungfrunBackbone mistags this as a verb; stackars is the indeclinable adjective 'poor/wretched'.
sjöjungfrunthe mermaidsjöjungfrun · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of godaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trivastycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativeauxiliary of trivastrivasto thrivetrivas · verb, infinitivecoordinated with godavälwellväl · adverbmodifies trivashoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of trivas She grew happier with every day, helped the old woman with her chores, and was just like any other skerry girl, except that she was far lovelier than all the others.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencegladarehappierglaed · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of blevförwithför · prepositionpreposition marking varvarwasvara · determiner, common gender, singularoblique complement of blevmistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
dagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase varhjälptehelpedhjälpa · verb, past, indicative, activecomplement of blevdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singulardirect object of hjälptemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sysslorhennesherhon · pronounpossessor of sysslorpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
sysslortaskssyssla · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of hjälpteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to skärgårdsflickaalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies skärgårdsflickasomlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skärgårdsflickaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skärgårdsflickaannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skärgårdsflickaskärgårdsflickaskerry girlskärgårdsflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sysslorutomexceptutom · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularcoordinated with skärgårdsflickaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vackrarehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vackrarevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vackrarelångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies vackrarevackraremore beautifulvackr · adjective, nominative, comparativeclausal complement of skärgårdsflickaänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of allaallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andradetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andraSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraothersannan · pronoun, pluralmodifies vackrareOne day the fisherman asked her if she would be his wife, and to this she had nothing against, but said yes at once.
Enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of frågadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågadehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of frågadeomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blihonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on frågadehanshishan · pronounpossessor of hustruhustruwifehustru · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of bliochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with frågadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeingentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeemotagainstemot · adverbdepends on hadeutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadegenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies sadejayesja · interjectiondirect object of sade- 40
So they made ready for a wedding, and when the mermaid was to dress herself as a bride, she put on the green, trailing gown and the shimmering pearl crown that she had worn when the fisherman had seen her for the first time.
Såsoså · adverbmodifies reddereddemade readyre · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemantheyman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of reddetillreadytill · prepositionpreposition marking bröllopbröllopweddingbröllop · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of reddeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of klädasjöjungfrunthe mermaidsjöjungfrun · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of klädaskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of klädaklädadresskläda · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with reddesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of klädatillastill · prepositionpreposition marking brudbrudbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of klädasattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with reddepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of sattedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of klänningengrönagreengrön · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies klänningensläpandetrailingsläpa · adjective, nominativecoordinated with grönaklänningenthe dressklänning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of pärlkronanskimrandeshimmeringskimrande · adjective, nominativemodifies pärlkronanpärlkronanthe pearl crownpärlkrona · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with klänningensomthatsom · pronoundirect object of buritThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of burithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of buritburitwornburit · verb, active, supinerelative clause on pärlkronannärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of settfiskarenfishermanfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supinerelative clause on pärlkronanhenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of settförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies gångensurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
gångentimegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sett But there was neither priest nor church in the archipelago in those days, so the wedding party set off in their boats to row inward into Mälaren and be married in the first church they should happen upon.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
varkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationprästpriestpräst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fannselleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with prästiini · prepositionpreposition marking skärgårdenskärgårdenarchipelagoskärgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fannspåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking tidendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidentidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fannsutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
brudföljetthe wedding partybrudföljet · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sattesattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fannspast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
sigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of satteiini · prepositionpreposition marking båtarnabåtarnathe boatsbåtarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of satteförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of roatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of roinfinitive marker before a verb.
rorowro · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on satteinåtintoinåt · prepositionpreposition marking MälarenMälarenMälarenMälaren · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of rothe large lake near Stockholm.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfåbe marriedfå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with rovigsela wedding ceremonyvigsel · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåiini · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkaförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies kyrkasurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
kyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fåsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of råkaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of råkaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of råkaråkahappen uponråka · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on kyrkapåuponpå · prepositionpreposition marking råka- 41
The fisherman had the bride and the mother in his boat, and he sailed so well that he came ahead of all the others.
Fiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebrudenbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmodernmothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with brudeniini · prepositionpreposition marking båtsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of båtbåtboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of segladesegladesailedsegla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadesåsoså · adverbmodifies välvälwellväl · adverbmodifies segladeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on segladeförebeforeföre · prepositionpreposition marking andraallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andradetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andraSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraothersannan · pronoun, pluraloblique complement of kom When he had gotten so far that he saw the islet in the Strömmen where he had won the bride, who now sat proud and adorned beside him, he could not help smiling to himself.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on såghunnengotten (this far)hunn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varMistagged as noun; it is the past participle 'hunnen' of 'hinna' (to reach/get as far as).
såsoså · adverbmodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies varattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on låtapast tense of se, 'to see.'
holmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågiini · prepositionpreposition marking StrömmenStrömmenthe StrömmenStrömmen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of sågProper name for the central Stockholm waterway.
därtheredär · adverbmodifies vunnithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vunnithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vunnitvunnitwonvinna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on sågbrudenbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of vunnitsomwhosom · pronounsubject of sattThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
nunownu · adverbmodifies sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on brudenstoltproudstolt · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on sattFunctions as adjective 'proud' in all examples, despite the noun tag.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsmyckadadornedsmycka · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with stoltbredvidbesidebredvid · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of smyckadkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of låtahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låtaintenotinte · particlemodifies låtalåtato letlåta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of låtaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of leinfinitive marker before a verb.
lesmilele · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of bliförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of lesjälvhimselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sig'What are you smiling at?' she asked.
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of lerärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to Vaddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of lerduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lerlersmilela · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceåtatåt · prepositiondepends on lerfrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågade— 'Oh, I'm thinking of that night when I hid the sealskin from you,' the fisherman answered, for now he felt so sure of her that he no longer thought he needed to hide anything.
ÅohÅ · nounhead of the phrasejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkertänkerthinktänka · verb, present, indicative, activeparallel clause to Åpåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking nattendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of nattennattennightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tänkerdåwhendå · subordinating conjunctionmodifies gömdejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gömdegömdehidgömde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänkersälhamnensealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gömdeförfromför · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gömdesvaradeansweredsvara · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies fiskarenTagged as adjective but is the past tense of svara (to answer).
fiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of tänkerförforför · conjunctionintroduces the clause of kändenunownu · adverbmodifies kändekändefeltkän · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ÅPast tense 'kände' of känna, here in the sense 'recognized'; same surface as käna but a distinct sense of the polysemous verb.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kändesåsoså · adverbmodifies säkersäkersuresäker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of kändepåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of säkerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of troddehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddeintenotinte · particlemodifies troddelängrelongerlänge · adverbmodifies troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on kändesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of troddebehövato need tobehöva · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of döljadöljato hidedölja · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of troddenågotanythingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of dölja— 'What are you saying?' said the bride.
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on —ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to Vaddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with Vadduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sägersägersayssäga · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on detsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebrudenbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade'Surely I never owned a sealskin.'
Intenotinte · particlemodifies ägtharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of ägtvälsurelyväl · adverbmodifies ägtjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ägtägtownedäga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sälhamnsälhamnsealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ägtIt seemed as though she had forgotten it all.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of föreföllföreföllseemedföreföll · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceActually a past-tense form of förefalla ('seemed'), despite the present-indicative tag.
somassom · pronounsubject of glömtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
skullehadskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of glömthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of glömthahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of glömtglömtforgottenglömma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on föreföllalltihopit allalltihop · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of glömt'Don't you remember how you danced with the mermaids?' he asked.
MinnsrememberMinnas · verb, present, indicativemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of Minnsintenotinte · particlemodifies Minnshurhowhur · adverbmodifies dansadeduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of dansadedansadedanceddansa · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on Minnsmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking havsjungfrurnahavsjungfrurnathe mermaidshavsjungfrurna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of dansadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågade— 'I don't know what you mean,' said the bride.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on —intenotinte · particlemodifies vetvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of menarduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of menarmenarmeanmena · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of vetsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to vetbrudenbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade'I think you must have dreamed a strange dream last night.'
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trortrorthinkstro · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of drömtduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of drömtmåttemustmåtte · adverbmodifies drömtModal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means "must"; the perfect sense ("must have") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain "must."
hahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of drömtdrömtdreameddrömt · verb, active, supineclausal complement of trorenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of drömbesynnerligstrangebesynnerlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies drömdrömdreamdröm · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of drömtilast nighti · prepositionmodifies drömtnattnightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase i- 42
'If I show you your sealskin, will you believe me then?' said the fisherman, and turned the boat at once toward the islet.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visarjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visarvisarshowsvisa · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on trordigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of visardinyourdu · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of sälhamnsälhamnsealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of visarsåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on trortrorthinkstro · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trormigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of trorvälthenväl · adverbmodifies trorsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvändeturnedväna · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sadePast tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända.
medwithmed · prepositiondepends on vändeensat onceens · adverbmodifies båtenUsed in the fixed idiom med ens 'all at once/suddenly.'
båtenboatbåt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of vändemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking holmenholmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vände They stepped ashore, and he fetched out the sealskin from under the stone where he had hidden it.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of stegostegostepped ashorestego · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast tense plural of 'stiga'.
iashorei · prepositionpreposition marking landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stegoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of letadeletadesearchedleta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stegoframforwardfram · adverbdepends on letadesälhamnensealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of letadeunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking stenenstenenstonesten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of letadedärtheredär · adverbmodifies gömthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gömthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gömtgömthiddengömt · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on letadedenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of gömt- 43
But no sooner had the bride seen the sealskin than she snatched it to herself and threw it over her head.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies förrförrbeforeförr · adverbmodifies sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of se, 'to see.'
brudenbridebrud · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpossessor of sälhamnensälhamnensealskinsälhamn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sågänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rycktehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ryckterycktetuggedrycka · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sågdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of rycktetillto herselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of ryckteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkastadethrewkasta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with rycktedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardirect object of kastadeöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking huvudsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of huvudpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
huvudheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kastade It closed about her as if it had had life, and she flung herself at once into the Strömmen.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of slötslötclosedslöt · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of slötomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of slötsomassom · pronounsubject of haftThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of haftdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of hafthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on slötlivlifeliv · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haftochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kastadekastadethrewkasta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with slötsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kastadegenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies kastadeiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking StrömmenStrömmenthe StrömmenStrömmen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kastadeProper name for the central Stockholm waterway.
- 44
The bridegroom saw her glide away, he ran out into the water after her, but could not reach her.
Brudgummenthe bridegroomBrudgummen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sågglidaglideglida · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of sågbortawaybort · adverbmodifies glidahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sprangsprangransprangma · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to sågLemma is corrupted; surfaces are only "sprang" (past of springa, to run). Lemma should read springa, not sprangma.
utoutut · adverbdepends on sprangiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking vattnetvattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sprangefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sprangmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of nåintenotinte · particlemodifies nånåto reachnå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with spranghenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of nå In his despair, when he saw that he could not stop her in any other way, he seized the spear and flung it.
Iini · prepositionpreposition marking förtvivlansinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of förtvivlanförtvivlandespairförtvivlan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on förtvivlanpast tense of se, 'to see.'
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hejdahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hejdaintenotinte · particlemodifies hejdapåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hejdakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hejdahejdato stophejda · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of såghenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hejdafattadeseizedfatta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hejdahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fattadespjutetspearspjut · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fattadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationslungadehurledslunga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hejdadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of slungadeHe struck truer than he had intended, for the poor mermaid gave a wailing cry and vanished into the depths.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of träffadeträffadestruckträffa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesäkertsurelysäker · adverbmodifies bättrebättrebetterbra · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies träffadeänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on träffadeämnatintendedämna · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking sjöjungfrundenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stackarsstackarspoorstackars · adjective, genitive, masculine, singularpossessor of sjöjungfruninvariant word expressing pity, 'poor' as in 'poor thing'.
sjöjungfrunthe mermaidsjöjungfrun · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppgavuppgavlet out (a cry)uppge · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with träffadeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of klagandeklagandewailingklagande · adjective, nominativemodifies skrikskrikcryskrik · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of uppgavochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförsvanndisappearedförsvann · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with skrikPast tense of försvinna ('disappeared'), mistagged as a noun.
iintoi · prepositionpreposition marking djupetdjupetdepthdjup · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of försvann- 45
The fisherman stood on the shore and waited for her to show herself again.
Fiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencekvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on stodpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stodochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationväntadewaitedvänta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of visavisato showvisa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on stodsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of visapåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking nyttnyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of visa But then he noticed that the water around him began to take on a soft radiance.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdåthendå · adverbmodifies märktemärktenoticedmärka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of märkteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vattnetvattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of märkteomkringaroundomkring · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vattnetbörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of märkteantatake onanta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of glansmildmildmild · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies glansglansradianceglans · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of antaThere came a beauty over it such as he had never seen before.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skönhetskönhetbeautyskönhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of komsomsuch assom · pronoundirect object of settThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of settaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supinerelative clause on detförutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies settIt glittered and shone in pink and white, as color plays on the inside of shells.
Detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of glittradeglittradeglitteredglittra · adjective, nominative, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationblänktegleamedblänkte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with glittradeiini · prepositionmodifies glittradeskärtpinkskär · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase iochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvittwhitevi · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with skärtsåsomassåsom · adverbintroduces the clause of lekerfärgencolorfärg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lekerlekerplaysleka · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on glittradepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking insidasnäckornasshells'snäckornas · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of insidainsidathe insideinsida · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of leker- 46
When the glittering water beat against the shores, the fisherman felt that these too were changing.
Närwhennär · adverbintroduces the clause of slogFunctions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb.
detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of vattnetglittrandeglitteringglittra · adjective, nominativemodifies vattnetMistagged as adjective; it is the present participle 'glittrande' of 'glittra' (to glitter).
vattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of slogslogbeatslå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tyckteLight verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner).
motagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking strändernasträndernashoresstrand · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of slogtycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefiskarenfishermanfiskar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förändradesocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies förändradesdessathesedenna · pronoun, pluralsubject of passive förändradesförändradeswere changingförändra · verb, past, indicative, passivedepends on tyckte They began to bloom and give off fragrance.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceblommabloomblomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdoftagive off fragrancedofta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with blommaA gentle shimmer settled over them, so that they gained a loveliness they had not had before.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with ladeladesettledla · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentence"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
sigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeindirect object of ladeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of skimmermiltgentlemild · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies skimmerskimmershimmerskimmer · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of ladeöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of ladesåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of fingoattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fingofingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraladverbial clause on ladeMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ljuvhetljuvhetlovelinessljuvhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fingosomthatsom · pronoundirect object of ägtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of ägtintenotinte · particlemodifies ägtförrbeforeförr · adverbmodifies ägthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ägtägtownedäga · verb, active, supinerelative clause on ljuvhet- 47
And he understood how all this had come about.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodförstodunderstoodförstod · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehurhowhur · adverbmodifies komalltallall · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of förstodsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kom For with mermaids it is such that whoever sees them must find them lovelier than all others, and now that the mermaid's blood had mingled with the water and bathed the shores, her beauty passed over to them, and it became their inheritance that all who saw them must love them and be drawn to them with longing."
Förforför · prepositionpreposition marking sjöjungfrurnamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sjöjungfrurnasjöjungfrurnathe mermaidssjöjungfrurna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of förhållerförhållerit is suchförhålla · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceidiomatic reflexive 'det förhåller sig så' means 'the truth/fact is that'.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of förhållersigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of förhållersåthe caseså · adverbmodifies förhållerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of finnadenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of finnasomwhoeversom · pronounsubject of serThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
serseesse · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on dendemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of sermåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of finnafinnafindfinna · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of förhållerdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralindirect object of finnaskönarelovelierskön · adjective, nominative, comparativedirect object of finnaänthanän · prepositionpreposition marking andraallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andraandraothersannan · pronoun, pluraloblique complement of finnaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blandadenunownu · adverbmodifies havsjungfrunshavsjungfrunsthe mermaid'shavsjungfruns · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies blodblodbloodblod · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of blandadeblandademingledblanda · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with förhållersigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of blandademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking vattnetvattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of blandadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbadadebathedbada · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with blandadesträndernashoresstrand · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of badadeövergickpassed overövergick · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with förhållerhennesherhon · pronounpossessor of skönhetpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
skönhetbeautyskönhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of övergicktilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of övergickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with förhållerderastheirde · pronounpossessor of arvedelpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
arvedelinheritancearvedel · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of blevattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of älskaallaallall · pronoun, pluralsubject of älskasomwhosom · pronounsubject of sågoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sågosawsågoa · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on allaLemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se ("saw"), not a noun or present tense.
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of sågomåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of älskaälskato loveälska · verb, active, infinitivedepends on blevdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of älskaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdragasbe drawndraga · verb, passive, infinitivecoordinated with älskatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of dragasmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking längtanlängtanlonginglängtan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dragas- 48
When the stately old gentleman had gotten so far in his story, he turned toward Klement and looked at him, and Klement nodded gravely to him, but said nothing so as not to cause any interruption in the story.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hunnitdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of hunnitherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies hunnitMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hunnithunnitgotten so farhinna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on vändesåso farså · adverbmodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies hunnitiini · prepositionpreposition marking berättelsesinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of berättelseberättelsestoryberättelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hunnitvändeturnedväna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vändesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of vändemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of vändePersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vändepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationKlementKlementKlement · proper noun, nominativesubject of nickadeProper name, Klement Larsson.
nickadenoddednicka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vändeallvarligtgravelyallvarlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies nickadeUsed adverbially: 'seriously/gravely'.
tilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nickademenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vändeingentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sadeförso as not toför · prepositionintroduces the clause of vållaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of vållainfinitive marker before a verb.
intenotinte · particlemodifies vållavållacausevålla · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on sadenågotanythingnågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of avbrottavbrottinterruptionavbrott · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of vållaiini · prepositionpreposition marking berättelsenberättelsenstoryberättelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vålla - 49
"Now you must take note, Klement," the old gentleman went on, and got at once a little roguish gleam in his eyes, "that from this time on people began to move to the islets.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies läggaskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of läggaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läggaläggato lay/putlägga · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemärkenotemärke · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on läggaBoth attested examples are the idiom 'lägga märke till' = 'to notice', not the bare noun 'mark'; flag as context-dependent so the idiomatic sense isn't lost.
tillnotetill · prepositiondepends on läggaKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of läggamistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
fortforwent on/continuedfortfor · numeral, nominativepreposition marking herrnPast tense of 'fortfara' (to continue); mistagged as a numeral.
denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herrngamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies herrnherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbparallel clause to läggaMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfickgotfå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with läggamedwithmed · prepositiondepends on fickensat onceens · adverbmodifies fickUsed in the fixed idiom med ens 'all at once/suddenly.'
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of glimtlitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies glimtskälmaktigroguishskälmaktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies glimtglimtgleamglimt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fickiini · prepositionpreposition marking ögonenögonenthe eyesögonen · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of fickattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjadeallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of börjadeifrånfromifrån · prepositionpreposition marking tidendennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidentidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on läggamänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of börjadeflyttamoveflytta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of flytta At first it was only fishermen and farm folk who settled there, but others too were drawn there, and then one fine day the king and his jarl came sailing up through the Strömmen.
Förstfirstförst · adverbmodifies varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to fiskaredetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of fiskarebarajustbara · adverbmodifies fiskarefiskarefishermenfiskare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseThe definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbondfolkfarm folkbondfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with fiskaresomwhosom · pronounsubject of slogoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
slogosettledslogoa · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on bondfolkPast plural of slå ('to strike/land'); lemma mislabeled 'slogoa'.
sigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of slogonerdownner · adverbmodifies slogodärtheredär · adverbmodifies slogomenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies andraandraothersannan · pronoun, pluralsubject of passive lockadeslockadeswas luredlocka · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with fiskaredittheredit · adverbmodifies lockadesochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies kommoenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagvackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommokommocamekommo · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with fiskarekommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag.
kungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanshishan · pronounpossessor of jarljarljarljarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ochthe Norse-Swedish title, roughly 'earl'.
seglandesailingseglande · adjective, nominativecoordinated with kommoframforwardfram · adverbmodifies seglandegenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking StrömmenStrömmenthe StrömmenStrömmen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of framProper name for the central Stockholm waterway.
They began at once to talk about those islets, and they took note that they lay so that every ship wanting to travel inward into Mälaren had to pass by them.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencegenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies börjadetalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of holmarnadärtheredär · adverbmodifies holmarnaholmarnaisletsholm · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of talaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdethosede · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fästeThis type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun "they" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = "they were unusually...") as often as the determiner "the" (de andra = "the others"); a fixed gloss of "the" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence.
fästenoticedfäste · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with börjadesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of fästevidonvid · prepositionintroduces the clause of lågoattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase viddetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of lågoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
lågolaylågo · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraladverbial clause on fästemistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay).
såsoså · adverbmodifies lågoattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förbivarjeeveryvarje · determiner, singulardeterminer of fartygfartygshipfartyg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase attsomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive färdasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
villewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of färdasfärdastravelfärda · verb, passive, infinitiverelative clause on fartyginåtintoinåt · prepositionpreposition marking MälarenMälarenMälarenMälaren · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of färdasthe large lake near Stockholm.
måstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of förbiförbipass byförbi · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fästedemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of förbiAnd the jarl thought that here one ought to set a lock on the fairway, one that could be opened and closed as one pleased: letting merchant ships in and shutting robber fleets out.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjarlenjarljarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of menadethe Norse-Swedish title, roughly 'earl'.
menademeant/thoughtmena · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sättahärherehär · adverbmodifies sättabordeought toböra · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sättaBare borde is simple past modal ("ought to"/"should"); the perfect sense ("ought to have") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth ("borde släppa taget") has no ha and translates as plain "ought to."
manoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sättasättato set/putsätta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on menadeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of låslåslocklås · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sättaföronför · prepositionpreposition marking farledenfarledenchannelfarled · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sättasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of öppnaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
manoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of öppnakundecouldkunna · verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to öppnaöppnaopenöppna · adjective, nominative, pluralrelative clause on farledenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstängato closestänga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with öppnaefteratefter · prepositionpreposition marking behagbehagwillbehag · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of öppnasläppaletting insläppa · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to menadeininin · adverbdepends on släppahandelsfartygenmerchant shipshandelsfartyg · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of släppaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstängato closestänga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with släppauteoutsideute · adverbmodifies stängarövarflottornathe robber fleetsrövarflottorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of stänga- 50
"And that became a serious matter," said the old gentleman, and rose and began again to draw in the sand with his cane.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blefblefbecameblef · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceHistorical spelling of blev.
allvarserious matterallvar · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of blefavofav · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies blefsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to blefdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herrngamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies herrnherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbsubject of sadeMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationresteroseresa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of resteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with restepåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking ritanyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ritaritadrawrita · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of börjadeiini · prepositionpreposition marking sandensandensandsand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ritamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking käppsinitssig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of käppkäppcanekäpp · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of började "On the largest of the islands, here, you see, the jarl raised up a stronghold with a strong keep, which was called Kärnan.
Påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking störstadenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of störstastörstabiggeststor · adjective, nominative, superlativeoblique complement of fördeavofav · prepositionpreposition marking öarnaöarnaislandsöare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies störstahärherehär · adverbmodifies störstaserseesse · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on störstaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of serförderaisedförde · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejarlenjarljarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fördethe Norse-Swedish title, roughly 'earl'.
oppupopp · verb, present, indicative, activecomplement of fördemistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of borgborgcastleborg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fördemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking huvudtornettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of huvudtornstarktstrongstark · adverbmodifies huvudtornAdverbial form 'starkt' modifying nouns like a predicate adjective in these examples, sense shifts between 'loud' and 'strong/solid'.
huvudtornkeephuvudtor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies borgsomwhichsom · pronounsubject of kallatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
blevbecamebli · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activepassive auxiliary of kallatkallatwas calledkalla · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on huvudtornKärnanthe keepKärna · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kallatAnd all around the islet the inhabitants drew up walls in this fashion.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationruntaroundrunt · adverbmodifies drogoomkringaroundomkring · prepositionmodifies drogoholmenthe isletholmen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase omkringdrogodrew updrogo · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies inbyggarnapast plural of dra ('to draw/pull'); mistagged as adjective.
inbyggarnathe inhabitantsinbygg · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseframforwardfram · adverbdepends on inbyggarnamurarwallsmur · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldepends on inbyggarnapåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sättethärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase detsättetwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies murarHere toward north and toward south they made gates in the wall and set strong towers above them.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies gjordemottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking norrnorrnorthnorr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Härochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmottowardmot · prepositionmodifies gjordesödersouthsöder · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase motgjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of portarsurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
portargatesporta · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of gjordeiini · prepositionpreposition marking murenmurenthe wallmure · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gjordeDefinite form 'muren' of 'mur' (wall).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gjordepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
starkastrongstark · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies torntorntowerstor · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of sattePlural of torn ('tower'); lemma mislabeled 'tor'.
överaboveöver · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of satteThey built bridges over to the other islets and furnished these too with high towers.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of byggdebyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebroarbridgesbro · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of byggdeöveroveröver · adverbmodifies holmarnatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of byggdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförsågofurnishedförsågo · verb, imperative, activecoordinated with byggdeHistorical plural preterite of förse; modern Swedish uses försåg.
ocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies försågodessathesedenna · pronoun, pluraldirect object of försågomedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking tornhögatallhög · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies torntorntowerstor · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of försågoPlural of torn ('tower'); lemma mislabeled 'tor'.
And out in the water, all around everything, they set out a ring of stakes with bars that could be opened and closed, so that no ship could sail past without permission.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies alltsammansiini · prepositionpreposition marking vattnetvattnetwatervatten · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of uteruntaroundrunt · adverbmodifies omkringomkringaroundomkring · prepositionpreposition marking alltsammansalltsammansall of italltsammans · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattesattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of satteutoutut · adverbdepends on satteenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kranskransringkrans · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satteavofav · prepositionpreposition marking pålarpålarstakespål · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies kransmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking bommarbommarbarsbomm · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies pålarsomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive öppnasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of öppnasöppnasbe openedöppna · verb, passive, infinitiverelative clause on bommarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstängasbe closedstänga · verb, present, indicative, passivecoordinated with öppnassåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of seglaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såingetnothingingen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of fartygfartygshipfartyg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of seglakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of seglaseglasailsegla · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on satteförbipastförbi · adverbdepends on seglautanwithoututan · prepositionpreposition marking tillåtelsetillåtelsepermissiontillåtelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of segla- 51
Thus you see, Klement, that the four islets, which had lain so long unnoticed, had soon become strongly fortified.
Såledesthussåledes · adverbmodifies serserseesse · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of serKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of serPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivitdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of holmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
fyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies holmarnaholmarnaisletsholm · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of blivitsomwhichsom · pronounsubject of legatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
såsoså · adverbmodifies längelängelonglänge · adverbmodifies legathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of legatlegatlainlega · verb, active, supinerelative clause on holmarnaSupine of 'ligga' (to lie); lemma should be 'ligga'.
obemärktaunnoticedobemärkt · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on legatsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies blivitnogenoughnog · adverbmodifies blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineclausal complement of serstarktstronglystark · adverbmodifies befästaAdverbial form 'starkt' modifying nouns like a predicate adjective in these examples, sense shifts between 'loud' and 'strong/solid'.
befästafortifiedbefästa · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of blivit But it did not stop there.
Menbutmen · conjunctionhead of the phrasedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies varnognot allnog · adverbmodifies intemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of nogThese shores and sounds draw people to themselves, and soon folk came from every direction and wanted to settle on the islets.
Detheseen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of strändernaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
härherehär · adverbpart of the phrase Desträndernathe shoresstränderna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsundensounds (straits)sund · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with strändernadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of dradradrawdra · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with strändernamänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of dratillto themselvestill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of draochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with strändernafolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of komfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking hållallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of hållhålldirectionshåll · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bosättabosättato settlebosätta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with komsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bosättapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of bosättaThen they began, for their own sake, to build a church, which was later called the Great Church.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of börjadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking räkningsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of räkningräkningfor their parträkning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of börjadebyggato buildbygga · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of byggasomwhichsom · pronounsubject of blivitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies blivitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinerelative clause on kyrkakalladcalledkalla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies Storkyrkanpast participle of kalla ('to call/name'); mistagged as adjective.
Storkyrkanthe Great ChurchStorkyrkan · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of blivitHere it stood, right beside the stronghold, and here, within the walls, stood the little cottages that the newcomers built for themselves.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies låglåglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of lågalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies bredvidbredvidnearbybredvid · adverbadverbial clause on lågborgencastleborg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of bredvidochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbcoordinated with bredvidinnanförinsideinnanför · prepositionpreposition marking murarnamurarnawallsmur · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of bredvidlågolaylågo · adjective, nominative, comparativecoordinated with bredvidArchaic plural past tense of ligga ("to lie"), not an adjective; the parser mistagged it.
detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of stugorSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
småsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stugorstugorcottagesstuga · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of bredvidsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of resteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
nybyggarnathe settlersnybyggarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of resterestebuiltreste · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on stugoråtforåt · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of resteThere was not much to them, but no more was needed in those days for it to count as a town.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with mycketvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mycketintenotinte · particlemodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbhead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of mycketmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmermoremycket · adverbsubject of passive behövdesbehövdeswas neededbehöv · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with mycketintenotinte · particlemodifies behövdespåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking tidendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidentidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of behövdesförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of räknatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of räknatdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of räknatskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of räknatblito becomebli · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of räknaträknatcounträkna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on behövdessomassom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking stadenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stadstadtownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of räknatAnd the town was called Stockholm and is still so called to this very hour.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencekalladcalledkalla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies Stockholmpast participle of kalla ('to call/name'); mistagged as adjective.
StockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of blevochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationheteris calledheta · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with blevsåsoså · adverbmodifies heteränthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såitoi · prepositionpreposition marking stunddennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of heter- 52
There came a day, Klement, when the jarl, who had set the work going, had to lay his head to rest, but Stockholm was not therefore left without a builder.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with dagPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
dåwhendå · adverbmodifies jarlenjarlenjarljarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to dagthe Norse-Swedish title, roughly 'earl'.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of sattThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on jarlenarbetetworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sattigoingi · prepositionpreposition marking sattgånggoinggång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase imåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of läggaläggato lay/putlägga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with komsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of huvudpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
huvudheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of läggatillto resttill · prepositionpreposition marking vilavilarestvila · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of läggamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komfördenskullfor that reasonfördenskull · adverbmodifies blevintenotinte · particlemodifies blevutanwithoututan · prepositionpreposition marking byggmästarebyggmästarebuilderbyggmästare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blev Here came monks to the land, called the Grey Brothers, and Stockholm drew them to itself, so that they asked leave to build a monastery there.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies kommokommocamekommo · verb, active, infinitivemodifies munkarkommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag.
munkarmonksmunk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phrasetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies munkarsomwhosom · pronounsubject of passive kalladesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kalladeswas calledkallaa · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on munkarSurface kallades, passive past of kalla, 'to call/name'.
GråbröderGrey FriarsGråbröder · proper noun, nominativecomplement of kalladesochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of drogdrogpulleddra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kalladesdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of drogtillto itselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of drogsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of begärdeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of begärdeSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
begärdeasked forbegärde · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraladverbial clause on drogPast-tense verb 'begärde' (asked for/demanded), mistagged as a noun.
lovleavelov · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of begärdeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of byggainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåbe allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of byggabyggato buildbygga · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying begärdeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of klosterklostermonasterykloster · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of byggadärtheredär · adverbmodifies byggaThen they got from the king a small islet, one of the smaller ones, the one here that faces Mälaren.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies fingofingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phraseMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fingoavfromav · prepositionpreposition marking kungenkungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies deenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of holmelitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies holmeholmeisletholme · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies fingoenoneman · pronoun, common gender, singulardepends on fingoSurfaces are only "en"/"En" used as a counting pronoun ("en av dem" = "one of them"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en ("one does X"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun "one"). Gloss "one" happens to still be correct.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking mindredetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of mindreSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
mindresmallerlite · adverbmodifies enSurface 'mindre' is the shared comparative of both 'lite' (less) and 'liten' (small); in ch. examples it renders as predicate-adjective 'smaller' (mycket mindre än han, mindre höga) as often as adverbial 'less' (nöjde sig inte med mindre).
denaen · determiner, common gender, singularmodifies enhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase densomthatsom · pronounsubject of vetterThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
vetterfacesvett · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on denåttowardåt · prepositionpreposition marking MälarenMälarenMälarenmälar · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of vetterLake Mälaren, near Stockholm.
There they built, and so it was afterward called Gråmunkeholmen.
Påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of byggdebyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of byggdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärförsodärför · adverbmodifies blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with byggdedenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of blevsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies blevkalladcalledkalla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies Gråmunkeholmenpast participle of kalla ('to call/name'); mistagged as adjective.
GråmunkeholmenGråmunkeholmenGråmunkeholmen · proper noun, nominativedirect object of blevBut there came other monks, called the Black Brothers.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies munkarmunkarmonksmunk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of komsomwhosom · pronounsubject of passive nämndesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
nämndeswere callednämna · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on munkarSvartbröderBlack BrothersSvartbröder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of nämndesThey too asked for the right to build in Stockholm, and their monastery was raised on Stadsholmen, a way from the south gate.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of bådoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
bådoaskedbådo · verb, present, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceArchaic plural past tense of 'be' (to ask/request).
ocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies bådoomforom · prepositionpreposition marking rätträttrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bådoatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of byggainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåbe allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of byggabyggato buildbygga · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying rättiini · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of byggaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationderastheirde · pronounpossessor of klosterpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
klostermonasterieskloster · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of blevblevbecamebli · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with bådorestbuiltrest · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevPast participle of resa in the sense 'to raise/erect (a building)'.
påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking StadsholmenStadsholmenStadsholmenStadsholmen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of restettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of styckestyckepiecestycke · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of blevfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking portensödrasouthernsödra · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies portenportengateport · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blevOn this one, the larger of the islets north of the town, a Hospital of the Holy Spirit, or infirmary, was set up; on the other, industrious men built a mill; and by the skerries nearby the monks fished.
Påonpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of inrättadesdenaen · determiner, common gender, singularpart of the phrase Påhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase dendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of störrestörrebiggerstor · adjective, nominative, comparativesubject of passive inrättadesavofav · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies störrenorrnorthnorr · adverbmodifies holmarnaomofom · prepositionpreposition marking stadenstadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of norrinrättadeswas establishedinrättaa · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of HelgeandshusHelgeandshusHoly Spirit hospitalHelgeandshus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of passive inrättadeselleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsjukhushospitalsjukhus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with Helgeandshuspåonpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of byggdedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of andraandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of byggdebyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with inrättadesidogaindustriousidoga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies mänmänmenman · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of byggdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvarnkvarnmillkvarn · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of byggdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvidbyvid · prepositionpreposition marking skärenskärenskerriesskär · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of munkarnaintillnext tointill · prepositionmodifies fiskadefiskadefishedfiska · verb, past, indicative, activemodifies munkarnamunkarnamonksmunk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with kvarnAs you know, there's now only one islet there, since the channel between the two has grown over, but it's still called Helgeandsholmen to this day.
Somassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vetduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on finnsfinnsthere isfinnas · verb, present, indicativemain verb of the sentencedärtheredär · adverbmodifies finnsnunownu · adverbmodifies finnsbarajustbara · adverbmodifies finnsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of holmeholmeisletholme · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of finnsförsinceför · prepositionpreposition marking kanalenkanalencanalkanal · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of finnsmellanbetweenmellan · prepositionpreposition marking tvådetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of tvåSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativemodifies kanalenharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with finnsgrottgrown overgrott · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of harigenagainigen · adverbmodifies harmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of heterheteris calledheta · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with harännustillännu · adverbmodifies heteritodayi · prepositionmodifies heterdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iHelgeandsholmenHelgeandsholmenHelgeandsholmen · proper noun, nominativesubject of heter- 53
Now, Klement, the little leafy islets were already covered with houses, but people kept streaming in, for these shores and waters are, as you know, such that they draw people to themselves.
Nunownu · adverbhead of the phraseKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with Numistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
vorowerevoro · verb, imperative, activecoordinated with NuOld plural past tense of vara ('to be'), mistagged here as imperative.
detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of lövholmarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
småsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies lövholmarnalövholmarnathe leafy isletslövholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of täcktaredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies täcktatäcktacoveredtäckt · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of voroavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking hushushousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies täcktamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of strömmadeströmmadestreamedströmma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with täcktaständigtconstantlyständig · adverbmodifies strömmadetillintill · prepositiondepends on strömmadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking strändernadetheseen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of strändernaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
härherehär · adverbpart of the phrase desträndernathe shoresstränderna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of strömmadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvattnenthe watersvattnen · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with strändernaäroareäro · proper noun, nominativedepends on strändernaÄro is the historical plural present form of vara.
somassom · pronoundirect object of vetThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on strändernasådanasuchsån · pronoun, pluraladverbial clause on strömmadeColloquial/old plural of sådan ('such').
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of människordethesede · determiner, pluralsubject of dragaThis type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun "they" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = "they were unusually...") as often as the determiner "the" (de andra = "the others"); a fixed gloss of "the" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence.
dragadrawdrag · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with strömmadetillto themselvestill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of strömmade Here came pious women of the Order of Saint Clare and asked for building ground.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies kommokommocamekommo · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivemodifies Klarasmistagged as an auxiliary/infinitive; it is the historical plural past tense of 'komma' (to come).
frommapiousfromma · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kvinnorkvinnorwomenkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of kommoavofav · prepositionpreposition marking SanktaSanktaSaintSankta · proper noun, nominativeagent of kommoKlarasClare'sKlara · verb, present, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceordenthe wordsord · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive KlarasSurface orden is the definite plural of ord, despite the singular tag.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbådoaskedbådo · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with Klarasomforom · prepositionpreposition marking byggnadsgrundbyggnadsgrundbuilding groundbyggnadsgrund · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies bådoThe nuns ask for land on which to build in ch37-p18-s2, whereas ch46-p34-s2 refers to a sound, level foundation. 'Building site' does not preserve the second sense.
For them there was no other course but to settle on the northern shore, on Norrmalm, as it was called.
Förforför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blevingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rådannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies rådrådadviceråd · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of blevänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slåattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slådetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of slåmåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of slåslåsettleslå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blevsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of slånerdownner · adverbmodifies slåpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandennorranorthernnorr · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of slåpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking NorrmalmNorrmalmNorrmalmNorrmalm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of blevsomassom · pronounsubject of passive kalladesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of passive kalladeskalladeswas calledkallaa · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on NorrmalmSurface kallades, passive past of kalla, 'to call/name'.
Surely they were not very pleased with this, for over Norrmalm ran a high ridge, and on it the town had its gallows hill, so that it was a scorned place.
Säkertsurelysäker · adverbmodifies vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, singularadverbial clause on nöjdaPast plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of nöjdaintenotinte · particlemodifies nöjdamycketverymycket · adverbmodifies nöjdanöjdacontentnöjd · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of nöjdaförforför · prepositionmodifies strökframforwardfram · adverbmodifies strököveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking NorrmalmNorrmalmNorrmalmNorrmalm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of framströkranströk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with nöjdaPast tense of stryka, mistagged as an adjective.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of höghögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies åsåsridgeås · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of strökochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with nöjdastadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadesinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of galgbackegalgbackegallows hillgalgbacke · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadesåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of platsattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of platsvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to platsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of platsringaktaddespisedringaktad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies platsplatsplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on hadeThe Clare sisters built their church and their long cloister houses on the shore below the ridge all the same.
Klarasystrarnathe Clare sistersKlarasystrarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of byggdebyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceändåall the sameändå · adverbmodifies byggdesinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of byggdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsinatheirsig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of klosterhuslångalonglång · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies klosterhusklosterhuscloister housesklosterhus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with kyrkapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies klosterhusnedanförbelownedanför · prepositionpreposition marking åsenåsenridgeås · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies strandenAnd once they had settled in that district, they soon got followers.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsedansincesedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slagitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of slagithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of slagitslagitsettledslå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on fingosigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of slagitnerdownner · adverbmodifies slagitiini · prepositionpreposition marking traktendennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of traktentraktenregiontrakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nerfingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phraseMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of efterföljaresnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies efterföljareefterföljarefollowersefterföljare · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fingoHere far up in the north, on the ridge itself, a hospital was built with a church consecrated to Saint George, and here below the ridge a church was raised to Saint Jacob.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies bortbortawaybort · adverbmodifies byggdesiini · prepositionmodifies bortnorrnorthnorr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ioppeup thereoppe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with bortColloquial adverb 'oppe' (dialectal for 'uppe'), mistagged here as a noun.
påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking åsensjälvaitselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies åsenSurface "själva" is the plural/emphatic form of själv and can mean "themselves" or intensify "the very."
åsenridgeås · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies oppebyggdeswas builtbygga · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sjukhussjukhushospitalsjukhus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of passive byggdesmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of byggdessomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive helgadesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
helgadeswas consecratedhelgaa · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on kyrkaåttoåt · prepositionpreposition marking SanktSanktSaintSankt · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of helgadesGöranGeorgeGöran · proper noun, nominativedepends on Sanktochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies åsennedanförbelownedanför · prepositionpreposition marking åsenåsenridgeås · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of restesresteswas raisedreste · verb, present, indicative, passivecoordinated with byggdesenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive restesåttoåt · prepositionpreposition marking SanktSanktSaintSankt · proper noun, nominativedepends on restesJakobJacobJakob · proper noun, nominativedepends on Sankt- 54
And on Södermalm too, where the mountain rose steeply from the shore, people began to build.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationäventooäven · adverbmodifies Södermalmpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking SödermalmSödermalmSödermalmSödermalm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of börjadedärtheredär · adverbmodifies restebergetmountainberg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of resteresteroseresa · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on Södermalmsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of restetvärbrantsteeplytvärbrant · adverbdirect object of restefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking strandenstrandenshorestrand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of restebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemanpeopleman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of börjadebyggato buildbygga · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of började There they raised a church to Saint Mary.
Därtheredär · adverbmodifies uppfördeuppförderaiseduppföra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemantheyman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppfördeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of uppfördeåttoåt · prepositionpreposition marking MariaSanktaSaintSankta · proper noun, nominativemodifies MariaMariaMaryMaria · proper noun, nominativemodifies kyrka- 55
But you mustn't think, Klement, that it was only monastery folk who moved to Stockholm.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tromåmaymå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of trointenotinte · particlemodifies trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of tromistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of klosterfolkdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with klosterfolkendastonlyendast · adverbmodifies klosterfolkvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to klosterfolkklosterfolkmonastery folkklosterfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of trosomwhosom · pronounsubject of flyttadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
flyttademovedflytta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on klosterfolktilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of flyttade There were many others too.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of andravarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to andraocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies andramångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies andraandraothersannan · pronoun, pluralhead of the phraseAbove all there were a great many German merchants and craftsmen.
Framförin front offramför · prepositionmodifies köpmänallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Framförvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to köpmändetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with köpmänenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mängdmängda great manymängd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies köpmäntyskaGermantysk · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies köpmänköpmänmerchantsköpman · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhantverkarecraftsmenhantverkare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with köpmänThey were more skilled than the Swedes and were well received.
Detheyen · determiner, pluralsubject of skickligareSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
vorowerevoro · particlepart of the phrase DeArchaic plural preterite of vara 'to be'; mistagged as particle.
skickligaremore skillfulskicklig · adjective, nominative, comparativehead of the phraseänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking svenskadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of svenskaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
svenskaSwedishsvensk · adjective, nominative, pluraloblique complement of skickligareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationblevowereblevo · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skickligareArchaic plural past tense of bli/varda.
välwellväl · adverbmodifies mottagnamottagnareceivedmottagen · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blevoThey settled in the town within the walls, tore down the small wretched houses that stood there before, and built high, splendid ones of stone.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of bosatteSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
bosattesettledbosata · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bosatteiini · prepositionpreposition marking stadenstadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bosatteinnanförinsideinnanför · prepositionpreposition marking murarnamurarnawallsmur · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of bosatterevotorerevo · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with bosattenerdownner · adverbdepends on revodetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of husenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
småsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies husenömkligawretchedömklig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies husenhusenhouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of revosomthatsom · pronounsubject of stodoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
stodostoodstodo · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on bosattedärtheredär · adverbmodifies förutförutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies stodoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stodohögatallhög · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stenpräktigasplendidpräktig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with högaavofav · prepositionpreposition marking stenstenstonesten · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of byggdeBut there was little room inside there.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with ontvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ontontlittleond · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseomofom · prepositionpreposition marking utrymmeutrymmespaceutrymme · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ontdärinnein theredärinne · adverbmodifies ontThey had to set the houses close together, with the gables turned toward the narrow streets.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of läggamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of läggaläggato lay/putlägga · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehusenhouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of läggatättclosetätt · adverbmodifies läggatillsammanstogethertillsammans · adverbmodifies läggamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking gavlarnagavlarnathe gablesgavlarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of vändavändato turnvända · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to läggaåttowardåt · prepositionpreposition marking gatornadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of gatornaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
smalanarrowsmal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gatornagatornastreetsgata · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of vända- 56
Yes, you see, Klement, that Stockholm could draw people."
Jayesja · interjectiondepends on serduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of serserseesse · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sermistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of draStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of drakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dradradrawdra · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sermänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of dra - 57
Here another gentleman now appeared, who came quickly forward along the path toward them.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies visadevisadeshowedvisa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of visadenunownu · adverbmodifies visadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herreannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herreherregentlemanherre · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of visadeCapitalized Herre in 'Vår Herre' means 'Our Lord'; lower-case herre elsewhere means 'gentleman/master'.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hastigtquicklyhastig · adverbmodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on herreframåtforwardframåt · adverbdepends on komgångenpathgång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komemottowardemot · adverbdepends on komdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of kom But the one who was talking with Klement waved with his hand, and the other remained standing at a distance.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vinkadesomwhosom · pronounsubject of taladeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
taladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on hanmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of taladeProper name, Klement Larsson.
vinkadewavedvinka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositionmodifies vinkadehandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase medochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of andreandreotherandre · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vinkadeståendestandingståe · adjective, nominativecomplement of blevpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking avståndavstånddistanceavstånd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of blevThe stately old gentleman now went and sat down on the bench beside the fiddler.
Denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlaståtligastatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of gickherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies gickMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
gickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsattesat downsatte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gickpast tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sattepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bänkenbänkenbenchbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattebredvidnearbybredvid · adverbmodifies sattespelmannenfiddlerspelmann · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satte- 58
"Now you must do me a service, Klement," he said.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies göraskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of göraduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of göraenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tjänsttjänstservicetjänst · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of göraKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with tjänstmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to görahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade "I have no time to talk more with you, but I shall have a book about Stockholm sent to you, and you shall read it through from beginning to end.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies hartillfällechancetillfälle · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of språkainfinitive marker before a verb.
språkachatspråka · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying tillfällemermoremycket · adverbmodifies språkamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of språkamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låtaskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of låtalåtato letlåta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with harsändato sendsända · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of låtadigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of sändaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bokbokbookbok · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sändaomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativemodifies bokochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of läsaskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of läsaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läsaläsato readläsa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with harigenomthroughigenom · prepositiondepends on läsafrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of läsatilltotill · prepositionmodifies läsaslutendslut · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase tillNow I have, so to speak, laid the foundation of Stockholm for you, Klement.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies harharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harsåsoså · adverbadverbial clause on lagtatttoatt · particlepart of the phrase såinfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivepart of the phrase sålagtlaidlägga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hargrundenfoundationgrund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lagttilloftill · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of lagtåtforåt · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lagtKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with digPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
Study on further yourself now, and find out how the town has lived and changed!
Studerastudystudera · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencenunownu · adverbmodifies Studeravidarefurthervidare · adverbmodifies Studerasjälvyourselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies Studeraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtato taketa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with Studeraredafind outreda · adverbdepends on tapart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
påoutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of harhurhowhur · adverbmodifies harstadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on talevatlivedlevat · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sigMistagged as a noun; this is the supine of the verb 'leva' ('to live').
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförändratchangedförändra · verb, active, supinecoordinated with levatsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of harRead about how the small, cramped, walled-in town on the islets has spread out into this great sea of houses that we see below us!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositiondepends on Läshurhowhur · adverbmodifies hardenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stadenlillalittleliten · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies stadentrånganarrowtrång · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stadenmuromgivnawalledmuromgivna · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with trångastadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking holmarnaholmarnathe isletsholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies stadenharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of Läsbrettspread outbred · adverbmodifies harutoutut · adverbpart of the phrase brettsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hartillintotill · prepositionpreposition marking havdettathisdenna · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of havstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies havhavseahav · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of haravofav · prepositionpreposition marking hushushousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies havsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of seThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
viwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of seseseese · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on husunderbelowunder · prepositionpreposition marking ossossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of seRead about how, on the dark tower's site where Kärnan stood, the fair, bright palace here below us has been raised, and how the Grey Friars' church has become the burial place of the Swedish kings!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositiondepends on Läshurhowhur · adverbmodifies påpåonpå · prepositionmodifies Läsdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of tornetmörkadarkmörk · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies tornettornettowertorn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on LäsKärnansKärnan'skärna · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of platsplatsplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of uppförtharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of uppförtblivitbecomebli · auxiliary verb, active, supinepassive auxiliary of uppförtuppförtraiseduppföra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of skönaskönabeautifulskön · adjective, nominative, singularcomplement of uppförtljusabrightljus · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies slottetslottetcastleslott · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with skönahärherehär · adverbmodifies skönanedanförbelownedanför · prepositionpreposition marking ossossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of skönaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhurhowhur · adverbmodifies kyrkaGråmunkarnasthe Grey Friars'Gråmunkarnas · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinecoordinated with uppförttillintotill · prepositionpreposition marking gravplatsdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of kungarnasSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
svenskaSwedishsvensk · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kungarnaskungarnasthe kings'kungarnas · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of gravplatsgravplatsburial placegravplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivitRead about how islet after islet has been filled with buildings!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositiondepends on Läshurhowhur · adverbmodifies holmeholmeisletholme · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of Läsefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking holmeholmeisletholme · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of holmeharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefylldfilledfylld · verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominativecomplement of blivitmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking byggnadsverkbyggnadsverkstructuresbyggnadsverk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of fylldRead about how the kitchen gardens on Söder and Norr have become fair parks or built-up quarters!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositionintroduces the clause of blivithurhowhur · adverbmodifies blivitkryddgårdarnathe kitchen gardenskryddgårdarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of blivitpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking SöderSöderSöderSöder · proper noun, nominativemodifies kryddgårdarnaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationNorrNorrNorr · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with Söderhahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on Lästillintotill · prepositionpreposition marking parkerskönabeautifulskön · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies parkerparkerparkspark · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of blivitelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbebyggdabuilt upbebyggda · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with parkerkvarterblockskvarter · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcomplement of blivitRead about how the ridges have been leveled and the sounds filled in!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositiondepends on Läshurhowhur · adverbmodifies sänktsåsarnathe ridgesåsarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of passive sänktshahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of sänktssänktsbeen leveledsänka · verb, passive, supinesubject of passive fylltsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsundenthe soundssund · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sänktshahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of fylltsfylltsbeen filledfylla · verb, passive, supineclausal complement of LäsRead about how the kings' closed hunting park has become the people's dearest place of refuge!
Läsread!läsa · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositionintroduces the clause of blivithurhowhur · adverbmodifies blivitkungarnasthe kings'kungarnas · noun, genitive, common gender, pluralpossessor of stängdastängdaclosedstänga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies djurgårddjurgårdhunting parkdjurgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineclause modifying Lästillintotill · prepositionpreposition marking tillflyktsortfolketsthe people'sfolk · noun, genitive, neuter, singularpossessor of tillflyktsortkärastedearestkär · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies tillflyktsorttillflyktsortrefugetillflyktsort · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivitYou shall make yourself at home here, Klement.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of göraskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of göragöramakegöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of görahemmastaddat homehemmastadd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of görahärherehär · adverbmodifies göraKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of göraPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
This town does not belong only to the people of Stockholm.
Denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stadenhärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase Denstadentownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tillhörtillhörbelongstillhöra · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies tillhörbarajustbara · adverbmodifies tillhörstockholmarnaStockholmersstockholmarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of tillhörIt belongs to you and to all of Sweden.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of tillhörtillhörbelongstillhöra · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of tillhörochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies SverigeSverigeSwedenSverige · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with dig- 59
And when you read about Stockholm, Klement, remember that I have spoken truly, and that it has the power to draw everyone to itself!
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of läserduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läserläserreadsläsa · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on komomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of läserKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with StockholmPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on komonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sagtjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagtharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsag · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on komLemma is a truncated form of säga; surface sagt is the supine, 'said'.
santtruesant · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of sagtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of harharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with sagtmaktpowermakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of haratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of drainfinitive marker before a verb.
dradrawdra · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying maktallaallall · pronoun, pluraldirect object of dratillto itselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of dra First the king moved here, then the noble lords built their palaces here.
Förstfirstförst · adverbmodifies flyttadeflyttademovedflytta · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on byggdekungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of flyttadehitherehit · adverbmodifies flyttadesåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on byggdebyggdebuiltbygga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of herrarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
förnämanobleförnäma · adjective, nominative, pluralpart of the phrase deherrarnalordsherre · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of byggdesinatheirsig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of palatspalatspalacespalats · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of byggdehärherehär · adverbmodifies byggdeThen one after another was drawn here, so that now, you see, Klement, Stockholm is no longer a town for itself or for the nearest district.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies staddrogswas drawndrogs · verb, past, indicative, passivepart of the phrase Sedandenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of enaenaoneena · adjective, nominativesubject of passive drogsefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking hitdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of hitandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies hithitherehit · adverboblique complement of drogssåsoså · adverbadverbial clause on serattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sånunownu · adverbmodifies såserseesse · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on stadduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of serKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularin apposition to serPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to stadStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of stadintenotinte · particlemodifies stadenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stadstadtownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseförforför · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of stadelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförforför · prepositionpreposition marking traktendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of traktennärmastenearestnära · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies traktentraktenregiontrakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sigIt has become a town for the whole realm.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blivitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stadstadtownstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of blivitförforför · prepositionpreposition marking rikethelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies riketriketrealmrike · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of blivit- 60
You know, Klement, that assemblies are held in every parish, but in Stockholm a parliament is held for the whole people.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of vetmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hållesdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with hålleshållesare heldhålla · verb, present, indicative, passiveclausal complement of vetstämmorassembliesstämmor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of passive hållesiini · prepositionintroduces the clause of sockenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activedeterminer of sockensockenparishsocke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hållesmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of hålleshållesare heldhållesa · verb, present, indicative, passivecoordinated with vetriksdagparliamentriksdag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive hållesförforför · prepositionpreposition marking folkethelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies folketfolketpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hålles You know that there are judges in every judicial district the country over, but in Stockholm there's a court that rules over all the others.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of finnsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with finnsfinnsthere arefinnas · verb, present, indicativeclausal complement of vetdomarejudgesdomare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of finnsiini · prepositionintroduces the clause of domsagavarwasvara · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of domsagamistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
domsagajudicial districtdomsaga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on finnshelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of finnsöverthroughoutöver · prepositiondepends on finnsmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of finnsfinnsthere isfinnas · verb, present, indicativecoordinated with vetenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of domstoldomstolcourtdomstol · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of finnssomthatsom · pronounsubject of dömerThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
dömerrulesdöma · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on domstolöveroveröver · prepositiondepends on dömerallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andradetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of andraSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraothersannan · pronoun, pluraldirect object of dömerYou know that there are barracks and troops everywhere in the land, but in Stockholm sit those who command over the whole army.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetvetknowsveta · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of finnsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with finnsfinnsthere arefinnas · verb, present, indicativeclausal complement of vetkasernerbarrackskasern · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of finnsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtruppertroopstrupp · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with kaserneröverallteverywhereöverallt · adverbmodifies finnsiini · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of överalltmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of sittasittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with vetdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldirect object of sittasomwhosom · pronounsubject of befallaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
befallacommandbefalla · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on deöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking härenhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies härenhärenthe armyhär · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of befallaEverywhere in the land the railways run, but from Stockholm the whole great enterprise is managed.
Överallteverywhereöverallt · adverbmodifies löpaiini · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of Överalltlöparunlöpa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencejärnvägarnarailwaysjärnväg · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of löpamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of skötesskötesis managedskötes · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with löpahelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies skötesdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of verketstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies verketweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
verketenterpriseverk · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of skötesthe idiom i (själva) verket means 'in fact/actually', not literal 'work'.
Here there is governance for priests, for teachers, for physicians, for bailiffs and sheriffs.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies finnsfinnsthere isfinnas · verb, present, indicativemain verb of the sentencestyrelsegovernancestyrelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of finnsförforför · prepositionpreposition marking prästerprästerpriestspräst · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of finnsförforför · prepositionpreposition marking lärarelärareteacherslärare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with finnsförforför · prepositionpreposition marking läkareläkarephysiciansläkare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of finnsförforför · prepositionpreposition marking fogdarfogdarbailiffsfogde · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with läkareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlänsmänsheriffslänsman · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with fogdarHere is this country's center point, Klement.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies medelpunktärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to medelpunktdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardeterminer of medelpunktlandetscountry'sland · noun, genitive, neuter, singularpossessor of medelpunktmedelpunktcenter pointmedelpunkt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with medelpunktPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
From here comes the money you carry in your pocket, and the stamps we put on our letters.
Härifrånfrom herehärifrån · adverbmodifies kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencepengarnamoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of kommasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of bärThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bärbärcarrybära · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on pengarnaThree of the four examples use the idiom 'bär sig åt' ('manages, behaves, goes about it'), distinct from the literal carrying sense in ch33-p35-s4 ('bär på sin rygg').
iini · prepositionpreposition marking fickanfickanthe pocketficka · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bärochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmärkenastampsmärke · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with pengarnasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of sättaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
viwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sättasättato set/putsätta · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on märkenapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking brevvåraourvi · pronoun, pluralpossessor of brevPossessive form våra of the plural pronoun vi.
brevlettersbrev · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sättaFrom here comes something to every Swede, and here every Swede has something to attend to.
Härifrånfrom herehärifrån · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of kommertilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking svenskarallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of svenskarsvenskarSwedessvensk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of kommerochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhärherehär · adverbmodifies hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kommerallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of svenskarsvenskarSwedessvensk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hanågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of haatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of beställainfinitive marker before a verb.
beställaattend tobeställa · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying någotHere no one need feel a stranger and long for home.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies kännabehöverneedbehöva · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kännaingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of kännakännato feelkänna · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of kännafrämmandestrangefrämmande · adjective, nominativecomplement of kännaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlängtato long forlängta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kännahemhomehem · adverbmodifies kännaHere every Swede is home.
Härherehär · adverbmodifies äroäroareäro · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceÄro is the historical plural present form of vara.
allaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of svenskarsvenskarSwedessvensk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of ärohemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies svenskar- 61
And when you read of everything that has gathered here to Stockholm, Klement, think also of the last thing it has drawn to itself!
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of läserduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läserläserreadsläsa · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänkomofom · prepositiondepends on läserallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of läsersomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive samlatsThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of samlatssamlatsgatheredsamla · verb, passive, supinerelative clause on allthitherehit · adverbmodifies samlatstilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of samlatsKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with StockholmPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
tänkthink!tänka · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencedåthendå · adverbmodifies tänkocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies tänkpåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking sistadetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sistasistalastsista · adjective, nominative, superlativeoblique complement of tänksomthatsom · pronoundirect object of dragitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with dragitharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of dragitdragitdrawndraga · verb, active, supinerelative clause on sistaArchaic supine of dra; sense shifts widely with the particle it governs (dragit i led, dragit ihop, dragit bort, dragit upp).
tillto itselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of dragit It is these old cottages at Skansen.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with stugorärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to stugordessathesedenna · determiner, pluraldeterminer of stugorgamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stugorstugorcottagesstuga · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phrasepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativemodifies stugorIt is old dances, old costumes, and old household things.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with danserärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to dansergamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies danserdanserdancesdanse · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralhead of the phrasegamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies dräkterdräktercostumesdräkt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with danserochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgammaltoldgammal · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies husgerådhusgerådhousehold thingshusgeråd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with dräkterIt is fiddlers and storytellers.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of spelmänärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to spelmänspelmänfiddlersspelmän · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsagoberättarestorytellerssagoberättare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with spelmänAll that is good and old, Stockholm has drawn here to Skansen to honor it, and so that with new honor it shall rise up again out among the people.
Alltallall · adverbmodifies dragitgottgoodgod · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Alltochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgammaltoldgammal · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with Alltharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of dragitStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativesubject of dragitdragitdrawndraga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceArchaic supine of dra; sense shifts widely with the particle it governs (dragit i led, dragit ihop, dragit bort, dragit upp).
hitherehit · adverbmodifies dragittilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of dragitförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of hedraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hedrainfinitive marker before a verb.
hedrato honorhedra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on dragitdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hedraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of ståattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase fördetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ståmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hedernynewny · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies hederhederhonorhed · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ståMislemmatized as 'hed' (heath); the word is actually 'heder' (honor/credit), unrelated to heath.
skallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of ståståstandstå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with dragitoppupopp · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of ståDialectal form of upp ("up"), mistagged as a noun by the parser.
uteoutsideute · adverbmodifies oppblandamongbland · prepositionpreposition marking folketfolketpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of ute- 62
But first and last, Klement, remember that when you read about Stockholm, you shall sit here on this very spot!
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies komochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase förstsistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase förstKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with förstPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on komonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sittanärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of läserduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läserläserreadsläsa · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sittaomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of läserskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of sittaduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sittasittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on komhärherehär · adverbmodifies sittapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking platsendennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of platsenplatsenplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sitta You shall see how the waves glitter in playful joy, and how the shores shimmer with beauty.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of seskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehurhowhur · adverbmodifies glittravågornathe wavesvågorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of glittraglittraglitterglittra · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of seiini · prepositionpreposition marking glädjelekandeplayfulleka · adjective, nominativemodifies glädjeglädjejoyglädje · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of glittraochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhurhowhur · adverbmodifies strändernasträndernashoresstrand · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of skimraskimrashimmerskimra · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with glittraavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking skönhetskönhetbeautyskönhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies skimraYou shall see to it that you come under the enchantment, Klement."
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lagaskallwillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of lagalagato see to itlaga · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommerduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of lagaininin · adverbdepends on kommerunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking förtrollningenförtrollningenenchantmentförtrollning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommerKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with förtrollningenPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
- 63
The handsome old gentleman had raised his voice, so that it rang strong and mightily commanding, and his eyes flashed.
Denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gamlavackrabeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of höjtherrnthe gentlemanherrn · adverbmodifies höjtMistagged as adverb; this is 'herre' with the definite suffix, meaning 'the gentleman/master'.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of höjthöjtraisedhöj · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceröstenvoiceröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of höjtsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of ljödattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of ljödljödrang outljöd · adjective, nominative, singularadverbial clause on höjtMislabeled as an adjective; ljöd is the past tense of ljuda ("to sound/ring out"), identical to the verb entry of the same spelling.
starkstrongstark · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies befallandeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmäktigtmightymäktig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with starkbefallandecommandingbefalla · adjective, nominativecomplement of ljödochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanshishan · pronounpossessor of ögonögoneyesögon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of blixtradeblixtradeflashedblixtrad · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with befallande Now he rose and went from Klement with a small motion of his hand.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies resteresterosereste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of restesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of resteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with resteifrånfromifrån · prepositiondepends on gickKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of gickmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking rörelseenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rörelselitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies rörelserörelsemovementrörelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gickavofav · prepositionpreposition marking handenhandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies rörelseAnd Klement understood at once that the one who had spoken with him must be a great lord, and he bowed as deeply as he could after him.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of förstodmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
förstodunderstoodförstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceiat oncei · prepositionpreposition marking detsammadetsammathe samedensamma · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of förstodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of herredenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularpart of the phrase attsomwhosom · pronounsubject of talatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talattalattalkedtala · verb, active, supinerelative clause on denmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talatmåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of herrevarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to herreenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of herrehögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herreherrelordherre · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of förstodCapitalized Herre in 'Vår Herre' means 'Our Lord'; lower-case herre elsewhere means 'gentleman/master'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bugadebugadebowedbuga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with herresighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bugadesåasså · adverbintroduces the clause of kundedjuptdeeplydjup · adverbpart of the phrase såhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kundekundecouldkunna · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on bugadeefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bugade- 64
The next day a royal footman came with a large red book and a letter to Klement, and in the letter it said that the book was from the king.
Nästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of lakejkungligroyalkunglig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies lakejlakejfootmanlakej · proper noun, nominativesubject of kommedwithmed · prepositionintroduces the clause of storenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of storstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying lakejrödredröd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies bokbokbookbok · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with lakejochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of brevbrevletterbrev · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with komtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies brevmistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking brevetbrevetletterbrev · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kungenbokenbookbok · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kungenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to kungenfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking kungenkungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of stod - 65
After this, the little old man Klement Larsson was as if dizzy in the head for several days, and it was almost impossible to get a sensible word out of him.
Efterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of gubbenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to gubbendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gubbenlillalittleliten · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gubbengubbenold mangubb · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies KlementKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasePersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
LarssonLarssonLarsson · proper noun, nominativedepends on KlementSurname, Klement Larsson.
somas ifsom · pronounsubject of yrThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
yrdizzyyr · adverbrelative clause on Klementiini · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of yrifori · prepositionpreposition marking darfleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies dardardaysd · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of yrochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with möjligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to möjligtnästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies möjligtintenotinte · particlemodifies möjligtmöjligtpossiblemöjlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with Klementhalf the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fåinfinitive marker before a verb.
fågetfå · verb, active, infinitivedepends on möjligtettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ordkloktwiseklok · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ordordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåavout ofav · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of få When a week had passed, he went to the Doctor and gave notice.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåttenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of veckaveckaweekvecka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttpassedgå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking DoktornDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komuppupupp · adverbdepends on sadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sadeHe had no choice but to go home.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tvungenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tvungenalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies tvungentvungenforcedtvunga · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of geinfinitive marker before a verb.
geto givege · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tvungensighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of geavoffav · prepositionpreposition marking hemhemhomehem · adverboblique complement of ge"Why must you go home?
Varförwhyvarför · adverbmodifies hemskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hemduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hemhemhomehem · adverbhead of the phraseCan't you learn to be content here?" said the Doctor.
Kancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of läraduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of läraintenotinte · particlemodifies läraläralearnlära · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of läraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of trivasinfinitive marker before a verb.
trivasto thrivetrivas · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of lärahärherehär · adverbmodifies trivassadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade— "Oh, I am content," said Klement, "that's no longer the trouble now, but I must go home all the same."
Jowell/yesjo · interjectiondepends on trivsused to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt.
jagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trivstrivsam contenttrivas · verb, present, indicativemain verb of the sentencesadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to trivsKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sademistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of farligtärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to farligtintenotinte · particlemodifies farligtfarligtdangerousfarlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with sademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sakendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sakensakenthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of farligtnunownu · adverbmodifies längrelängrelongerlänge · adverbmodifies sakenmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of måstemåstemustmåste · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with längrehemhomehem · adverbmodifies måsteiall the samei · prepositionpreposition marking fallallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fallfallcasesfall · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of hem- 66
Klement had been in a hard predicament, for the king had said that he should get to know Stockholm and be content there, but Klement could not rest until he had told the people back home that the king had said this to him.
KlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of trångmålProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of trångmålvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to trångmåliini · prepositionpreposition marking trångmålettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of trångmålsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies trångmåltrångmålpredicamenttrångmål · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseförforför · prepositionpreposition marking kungenkungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on trångmålattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivedepends on trångmålredafind outreda · adverbdepends on tapart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
påoutpå · prepositionpreposition marking StockholmStockholmStockholmStockholm · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of taochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtrivasto thrivetrivas · verb, infinitivecoordinated with tadärtheredär · adverbmodifies trivasmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationKlementKlementklement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of bärgaProper name (the tomte); tagged as a common noun.
kundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bärgaintenotinte · particlemodifies bärgabärgacontain himselfbärga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with tasighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of bärgaförränbeforeförrän · adverbmodifies hanused with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taladärhemmaback homedärhemma · conjunctionmodifies talaBackbone mistags this as a conjunction; it is the adverb 'at home/back home'.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talafåtthad toldfå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of tala"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
talato speaktala · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on trångmålomtellom · prepositionpreposition marking talaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sagtkungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsag · verb, active, supinedepends on trångmålLemma is a truncated form of säga; surface sagt is the supine, 'said'.
dettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sagttilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sagt He could not do without standing on the church hill back home and telling high and low that the king had been so good to him that he had sat beside him on the same bench and sent him a book, and that he had given his time to talk with him, an old, poor fiddler, a whole hour, in order to cure him of his homesickness.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försakakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försakaintenotinte · particlemodifies försakaförsakado withoutförsaka · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of ståinfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of ståståstandstå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försakapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkbackenkyrkbackenchurch hillkyrkback · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stådärhemmaback homedärhemma · conjunctionmodifies kyrkbackenBackbone mistags this as a conjunction; it is the adverb 'at home/back home'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationberättato tellberätta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with ståförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking höghögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies berättaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlåglowlåg · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with högattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of godkungenkingkung · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of godhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of godvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to godsåsoså · adverbmodifies godgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on berättamottomot · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of godattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of suttithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of suttithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of suttitsuttitsatsutta · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on godArchaic spelling of suttit, the supine of sitta ("to sit").
bredvidnearbybredvid · adverbdepends on suttithonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of suttitpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bänksammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of bänkbänkbenchbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of suttitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskickatsentskickaa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with suttithonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of skickatenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bokbokbookbok · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of skickatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of getthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of getthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gettgettgivenge · verb, active, supinecoordinated with suttitsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeindirect object of getttidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gettatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of talainfinitive marker before a verb.
talato speaktala · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gettmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of spelmangammaloldgammal · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies spelmanfattigpoorfattig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies spelmanspelmanfiddlerspelman · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with talahelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies timmentimmenhourtimme · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with talaförin order toför · prepositionintroduces the clause of botaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of botainfinitive marker before a verb.
botato curebota · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on talahonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of botaförofför · prepositionpreposition marking längtanhanshishan · pronounpossessor of längtanlängtanlonginglängtan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of botaIt was a great thing to tell this here at Skansen to the Lapp men and the Dala girls, but what was that against being able to tell it back home?
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with stortvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to stortstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of berättainfinitive marker before a verb.
berättato tellberätta · verb, active, infinitivedepends on stortdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of berättahärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase dettapåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking SkansenSkansenSkansenSkansen · proper noun, nominativemodifies dettaförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking lappgubbarnalappgubbarnathe Lapp menlappgubb · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of berättaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdalkullornathe Dala girlsdalkullorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with lappgubbarnamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of därhemmavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vaddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with vadmotagainstmot · prepositionintroduces the clause of talaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of talainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of talatalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivedepends on vadomtellom · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of taladärhemmaback homedärhemma · adjective, nominative, singularcoordinated with stort- 67
Even if Klement should end up in the poorhouse, it would not be so hard after this.
Ocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies hamnaomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hamnaKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hamnamistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen).
skulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hamnahamnato end uphamna · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on svårtpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking fattighusetfattighusetthe poorhousefattighus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hamnasåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on bleveblevewould bebleve · verb, imperative, activecoordinated with hamnadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with svårtintenotinte · particlemodifies svårtsåsoså · adverbmodifies svårtsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of svårt He was quite another man now than before, and would be respected and honored in quite another way.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förutvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to förutenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of manheltquitehelt · adverbmodifies annanannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies manmanmanman · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varnunownu · adverbmodifies förutänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förutförutbeforeförut · adverbhead of the phraseskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of aktadblito becomebli · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivepassive auxiliary of aktadaktadrespectedakta · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to förutochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationäradhonoredärad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with aktadpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättheltquitehelt · adverbmodifies annatannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of aktad- 68
And this new longing became too much for Klement.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of längtannyanewny · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies längtanlängtanlonginglängtan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceKlementKlementKlement · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of blevPersonal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun.
övermäktigtoo much forövermäktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blev He had had to go up to the Doctor and say that he was forced to go home.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåmåsthad tomåst · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceuppupupp · adverbdepends on gåtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking DoktornDoktornthe DoctorDoktorn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with Doktornattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tvungenhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tvungenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tvungentvungenobligedtvung · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of gåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of geinfinitive marker before a verb.
geto givege · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tvungensighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of geavoffav · prepositionpreposition marking hemhemhomehem · adverboblique complement of ge
The particulars
- The text
- Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige, Selma Lagerlöf. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils.
- Translation
- Public-domain Swedish (Lagerlöf, d. 1940; published 1906–07). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
- Words
- Every word of the text, by letter.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents