Hungarian · Unit 23
Unit 23: Államigazgatási szervek Magyarországon
Volume 2
Government administration in Hungary
Basic Sentences I
- 1
Hello, Mr. Anderson. I see you're working.
JóHello (Good day)napot,Hello (Good day)AndersonAnderson (an American in the dialogues)úr!Mr., sir, gentlemanLátom,seedolgozik.work (v) - 2
Yes. Last week I attended the monthly cabinet session and I'm reading over the notes I took there.
Igen.yesAthemúltpast, lasthétennext weekrészttake partvettemI boughtatheminisztertanácscouncil of ministersethis month'shavithis month'sértekezletén.conference, meetingAzthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ottthere (in that place)készültprepare, being made; get ready; study to bejegyzeteimetnote (n)olvasgatom.browse, read off and on - 3
Really? I'm certain you heard many interesting things. In what capacity were you invited?
Igazán?reallyBiztosansurely, certainlysokmuch, many, lotérdekesinterestingdolgotwork, task; thing, matter, stuff, objecthallott.hearMilyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofminőségbencapacity; qualityhívtákinvite, callmeg?let me examine him, her, it
- havi
- this month's
- minisztertanács
- council of ministers
- e
- notes
- 4
I participated as a diplomatic observer. Only two of us were invited from the Embassy, the political officer and I.
Diplomáciaidiplomatic corpsmegfigyelőkéntobservervettemI boughtrészt.take partCsakonlykettőnkettwo of ushívtakyou, they invitedmeglet me examine him, her, itathekövetségről:legationathepolitikaipoliticaltisztetofficerésandengem.me
- 5
From what you say I gather it wasn't a closed session but rather an open one. What were the main agenda items discussed by the cabinet members?
Ezektheseszerintaccording tonemunless, exceptzártkörű,closed, private, exclusivehanembutnyilvánosopen, publicvoltcame up (in discussion)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'értekezlet.conference, meetingMiwe; whatvoltcame up (in discussion)athefőmain, principal, importantnapirendiitems of the agendapont,items of the agendaamirőlwhich, thatatheminiszterekminister, cabinet membertárgyaltak?negotiate, discuss
- zártkörű
- closed, private, exclusive
- nyilvános
- open, public
- 6
There were many things on the agenda, but only next year's budget proposals were debated. I've heard that since then it has been brought before the house for approval.
Sokmuch, many, lotmindeneverything, allvoltcame up (in discussion)napirenden,day; sundebutcsakonlyathejövőfuture, comingéviof so many years; yearlyköltségvetésibudgettervezetetplan, proposalsvitattákdispute, debatemeg.let me examine him, her, itHallottam,hearhogyhow; thatazótasince thenazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamenteléin front ofterjesztettéksubmit, present; spreadjóváhagyásapprovalvégett.for, (in order) to
- országgyűlés
- parliament
- jóváhagyás
- approval
- végett
- for
- 7
I understand that the representatives voted its approval yesterday. But tell me, in which ministry's budget proposals were there significant changes as compared to the previous year?
Úgyas far as I knowtudom,as far as I knowatheképviselőkrepresentativemeglet me examine him, her, itisalsoszavaztákvote (v)tegnap.yesterdayDebutmondja,you say; he, she saysmelyikwhichtárcaportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookköltségvetésébenbudgetvanI'm busy, I've something to dolényegessignificant, essentialváltozáschange (v)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'előzőpreviousévihezto the yearly, to the annualviszonyítva?compare - 8
The budgets ('the scopes') of the Light Industry and the Building and Construction Ministries were increased because of the modification of the national economic plan.
AtheKönnyűiparilight (weight), easyésandazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ÉpítésügyibuildMinisztériumokMinistry of National Defensekereteitscope, frameworknöveltékincrease (v)athenépgazdaságinational economic plantervnational economic planmódosításamodificationmiatt.because of
- tárca
- portfolio, department, ministry
- lényeges
- significant, essential
- 9
I read that in one of the communiqués of the State Planning Office. To raise the standard of living more light industries are being established and many apartments are being built.
EztGood, I'll buy this one.olvastamreadazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'OrszágoscountryTervhivatalnational economic planegyikone of theközleményében.publication, communiqué, statementAzthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'életszínvonalliving standardemeléséreraising, increasing, liftingtöbbmorekönnyűiparilight (weight), easyvállalatotcompany, firmlétesítenekestablishésandsokmuch, many, lotújnewlakástapartment, flatépítenek.build - 10
On the other hand, the budgets of the Ministry of Metallurgy and Machine Industry as well as the Ministry of Heavy Industry were decreased. During the past years these ministries received the most money, and that in many cases at the expense of the others.
Ezzelwith thisszembenopposite toatheKohó-foundry, metallurgyésandatheGépipari,machinevalamintjust as, as well asatheNehéziparidifficult, heavyMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensekereteitscope, frameworkcsökkentették.diminishAzthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'elmúltpast, goneévekbenyearezektheseathetárcákportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookkaptákget, receiveathelegtöbbmostpénztmoneysand so forth, et ceteraezthissokmuch, many, lotesetbencaseathetöbbiand so forth, et ceterarovásáraat somebody's expensement.went
- Kohó-
- foundry, metallurgy
- rovására
- at somebody's expense
- valamint
- as well as, just as
- 11
Do you think that the government's new measures are for the people's benefit?
Gondolja,thinkhogyhow; thatathekormánysteering wheel; government, cabinetújnewintézkedéseimeasure(s), step(s), arrangement(s)athenéppeoplejavárafor the good of, to the advantage ofválnak?(javára válnak) they turn out to (his) advantage - 12
By all means. The budget of the Ministry of Education has also been increased. As you know, the direction of education and cultural life comes under this ministry.
Feltétlenül.by all means, without doubtAtheMűvelődésügyiculture, educationMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensekereteitscope, frameworkisalsonövelték.increase (v)Amintas soon as, whentudja,knowennekto thisathetárcánakportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookathehatáskörébespheres of authority, jurisdictiontartozikbelongazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'oktatásteaching, education, instructionésandathekulturálisculturaléletlifeirányítása.direction, guiding - 13
Yes, I know. Then more schools will be built and the majority of young people can be trained to be specialists.
Tudom.as far as I knowAkkorthen, at that timetöbbmoreiskolátpublic elementary schoolfognakcatch, holdépítenito buildésandathefiatalságyoung; youthfulnagybig, largerészétpartszakemberekkéexpert, specialisttudjákknowképezni.to train, teach - 14
There is really quite a great need for this in Hungary.
Erreon this, onto this; this way; about thisbizonycertainlyMagyarországnakHungaryelégenough, quitenagybig, largeszükségeneed (n)van.I'm busy, I've something to do
- javára
- for the good of
- Feltétlenül
- by all means, without doubt
- képezni
- to train, teach
- 15
Have you heard anything about the Ministry of Agriculture?
Hallotthearvalamitdisapprove of somethingatheFöldművelésügyiagricultureMinisztériumrólMinistry of National Defenseis?also - 16
Only that this organization has a hard time getting agriculture organized.
Csakonlyannyit,as much, as manyhogyhow; thatennekto thisatheszervnekorgannagyonverynehézdifficult, heavydolgawork, task; thing, matter, stuff, objectvanI'm busy, I've something to doathemezőgazdaságagriculturemegszervezésével.organization - 17
I don't understand why. Certainly even in the past it received every assistance from the government.
Nemunless, exceptértem,understandhogyhow; thatmiért.whyHiszenbut, surely, why, wellathemúltbanpast, lastisalsomegkapottlet me examine him, her, itmindeneverything, alltámogatástassistanceathekormánytól.steering wheel; government, cabinet - 18
That's true, but the method of production that has been adopted is not always successful. Besides, there are labor problems in the agricultural cooperatives.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'igaz,true, realdebutazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'alkalmazottemployeetermelésiproductionmódszermethodnemunless, exceptmindigalwayssikeres.successAzonkívül..., moreovermunkaerőmanpower, laborproblémákproblemisalsovannakare (they are, there are)athetermelőszövetkezetekben.craftsmen's co-operative
- alkalmazott
- adopted (procedure)
- munkaerő
- manpower, labor
- 19
I understand that last summer the army had to be used to gather in the harvest.
Úgyas far as I knowtudom,as far as I knowathemúltpast, lastnyáronAnd the summers?athekatonaságotsoldierkellettis needed, wanted, necessaryigénybemake use of, take advantage ofvennimake use of, take advantage ofatheterméscrop, yield, harvestbetakarítására.harvest - 20
Yes. Fortunately the Ministry of National Defense did not delay its assistance. The army was ordered out for the harvest wherever it was needed.
Igen.yesSzerencsérefortunatelyatheHonvédelmiMinistry of National DefenseMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensenemunless, excepthalogattakeep postponing, delayingathesegítséghelp (v)megadását.let me examine him, her, itAholwhereszükségneed (n)voltcame up (in discussion)rá,on, ontoodathere (to that place)mindenhovaeverything, allkirendeltedetailed, ordered outathekatonákatsoldierazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'aratáshoz.harvest (n)
- venni
- make use of, take advantage of
- Minisztérium
- Ministry of National Defense
- 21
I've heard that the Ministry of Labor will issue new directives to solve these problems somehow.
Aztit meanshallottam,hearhogyhow; thatatheMunkaügyiwork, labor, jobMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseújnewrendelkezéseketorder, instructionsfogcatch, holdkibocsátani,to issuehogyhow; thatvalamiképpensomehowmegoldjáksolveezekettheseathebajokat.trouble, ill, evil - 22
I've also heard that. The Government thinks it's important that there should be full cooperation among the state administrative branches. I believe in most areas this has already been achieved.
EztGood, I'll buy this one.énIisalsohallottam.hearAthekormánysteering wheel; government, cabinetfontosnakimportanttartja,keep pacehogyhow; thatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementszerveiorganközöttbetween, amongmeglet me examine him, her, itlegyenbe so kind, will you kindlyatheteljescomplete, full, totalegyüttműködés.co-operationAztit meanshiszemI believeathelegtöbbmostterületenarea, territorymáralready, beforemeglet me examine him, her, itisalsovan.I'm busy, I've something to do - 23
That's true. Recently I participated as an interpreter at the negotiations between the Ministry of Foreign Trade and some foreign firms. The representatives of several ministries were there and I noticed that their cooperation was perfect.
Ezthisigaz.true, realAthemúltkorthe other day, latelytolmácskéntinterpreterrészttake partvettemI boughtatheKülkereskedelmiforeign-tradeMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensekülföldiforeigncégekkelfirm (n)valófrom Hungaryüzletishop, store; businesstárgyalásán.conference, negotiations; trialTöbbmoretárcaportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookmegbízottjarepresentative, deputy, delegatevoltcame up (in discussion)ottthere (in that place)ésandúgyso, like thatláttam,I sawhogyhow; thatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'együttműködésco-operationtökéletes.perfect
- kibocsátani
- to issue
- valamiképpen
- somehow
- államigazgatás
- state administration, management
- együttműködés
- cooperation
- 24
That's good to hear, because the different Ministries are dependent on one another in carrying out their functions. The attainment of the goals in many respects depends on the effectiveness of their cooperation.
EztGood, I'll buy this one.jógoodhallani.to hearHiszenbut, surely, why, wellazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'egyesone; a (an)minisztériumokMinistry of National Defenseműködésükbenin their workingegymástólone another, each otherfüggenek.depend; hangAthekitűzöttset goal, aim, targettervnational economic planteljesítésefulfilment, accomplishmentisalsosokbanmuch, many, lotazonon that, thereonmúlik,pass (away), elapse; depend on somethinghogyhow; thatmennyirehow; how farjógoodazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'együttműködés.co-operation - 25
What do you say to the plan of the Transportation and Postal Ministry to enlarge the air and rail networks throughout the country?
Mitwhatszólspeak, say, talkahhoz,to thathogyhow; thatatheKözlekedéstrafficésandPostaügyipost office, mailMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensekiwho; outakarjawantsbővítenito enlarge, widenatherepülőflyerésandvasútirailroad bridgehálózatotnetworkazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országban?country
- kitűzött
- set goal, aim, target
- múlik
- depend on (something)
- 26
In my opinion it's very timely and this came up in the recent Ministers' session, because lately many foreign tourists who are interested in conditions here have been coming to this country. This is an important source of income in foreign currency for the Ministry of Finance.
Szerintemaccording tonagyonveryidőszerű,timely, seasonablesand so forth, et ceteraezthisszóbancame up (in discussion)isalsovoltcame up (in discussion)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'értekezleten.conference, meetingÚjabbanrecently, latelysokmuch, many, lotkülföldiforeignturistatouristérkezikarriveazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országba,countryakikwhoazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ittenihere, in this placehelyzetsituationiránttoward, aboutérdeklődnek.interest (n)EzthisathePénzügyminisztériumnakfinancefontosimportantdeviza-bevételtforeign exchangejelent.mean, indicate; report
- időszerű
- timely
- volt
- came up (in discussion)
- Újabban
- recently, lately
- turista
- tourist
- iránt
- toward, about
- jelent
- it means
- 27
Since the Department of Interior eased the issuing of passports many from here are now traveling abroad too.
Miótasince whenatheBelügyminisztériumMinistry of Interiormegkönnyítettemake easier, easeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útlevelekpassportskiadását,issuanceinnenfrom hereisalsosokanmany (people)utaznakthey travelkülföldre.abroad - 28
Can they get foreign currency?
KapnakDo they get a good salary?devizát?Can they get foreign currency? - 29
Very little. The majority go and visit their relatives or friends.
Nagyonverykeveset.a little, little (object)Athelegtöbbmostemberman, human beingatherokonaitrelativevagyorismerőseitacquaintance; familiar with (to)megy(she) gets marriedlátogatni.visit (v) - 30
I believe they have to do a considerable amount of running around to get the necessary documents for the trip.
GondolomthinksokatDo you smoke very much?kellis needed, wanted, necessaryszaladgálniuk,runhogyhow; thatmegszerezzéklet me examine him, her, itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'utazáshozjourney, trip, tourszükségesnecessaryokmányokat.document
- Belügyminisztérium
- Ministry of Interior
- 31
That depends on their reason for going abroad. My son works for the Ministry of Health and they're sending him to Switzerland on Government business. He didn't have to wait for his passport but received it immediately.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'attólfrom thatfügg,depend; hanghogyhow; thatmilyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofügybencase, affair, mattermennekyou, they gokülföldre.abroadAthefiammy sonazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'EgészségügyihealthMinisztériumbanMinistry of National Defensedolgozikwork (v)ésandhivatalosanoffice, bureauküldiksendkiwho; outSvájcba.SwitzerlandNekito him (her)nemunless, exceptkellettis needed, wanted, necessaryvárnito waitazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útlevélre,passporthanembutsoronout of one's turnkívülout of one's turnmegkapta.let me examine him, her, it - 32
I'm glad your son's going abroad because I'm certain he'll see many interesting things. Is he going by rail or by air?
Örülök,be glad, delighted, pleasedhogyhow; thatmegy(she) gets marriedkülföldreabroadathefia.his, her sonSokmuch, many, lotérdekesinterestingdolgotwork, task; thing, matter, stuff, objectfogcatch, holdlátni.to seeVonatontrainutaziktravel (v)vagyorrepülőgéppel?airplane - 33
I think he's going by air ('the latter') because he can spend only a week away from his office.
Aztit meanshiszemI believeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'utóbbival,latterugyanisnamely, that iscsakonlyegya, an; onehetetseven; weektölthetspend; pourtávolfar, awayathehivatalától.Does she like her office? - 34
Switzerland's only a few hours by air. He can save considerable time by flying. Is he going alone?
SvájcSwitzerlandcsakonlypára pairórányiraspeedometervanI'm busy, I've something to dorepülővel.flyerSokmuch, many, lotidőtduring the entire timemegspórol,save, economizehaifrepül.fly (v)Egyedülalonemegy?(she) gets married
- kívül
- out of one's turn
- ugyanis
- namely, that is
- távol
- far, away
- 35
No, two of his friends from the Department of Justice are going with him. Perhaps you know them - one is called Medve, the other, Farkas.
Nem,unless, exceptKéttwobarátjafriendmegy(she) gets marriedvele,with him (her, it)akikwhoazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'Igazságügyminisztériumbanjusticedolgoznak.they workTalánperhapsismeriyou know; he, she knowsisalsoőket:themMedvénekbear (n)hívjákinvite, callazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'egyiket,one of theFarkasnakwolfathemásikat.other - 36
Yes, I've met them a few times. Please extend my greetings to all of them. I hope they have a pleasant trip and enjoy the journey.
Igen,yestalálkoztamfindvelükwith themegypárszor.a few, some, one or twoAdjagives itátthrough, across, overmindnyájuknakto all of themüdvözleteimet.my greetings (object)Remélem,I hopehogyhow; thatkellemesenpleasantfognakcatch, holdutaznito travelésandélveznito enjoyfogjákcatch, holdazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'utat.road, way; trip - 37
I'll give your regards to all three.
Mindhármójuknakall, every, eachátthrough, across, overfogomcatch, holdadni.to give
- mindnyájuknak
- to all of them
Közmondások - Proverbs
Bennem, belém, belőlem
Bennem is 'in me', belém is 'into me', and belőlem is 'out of me'.
Benne has three forms in each person: one for hol, where, one for hova, where to, and one for honnan, where from.
In the third person singular, 'into him' has three forms: bele, belé and beléje.
The table gives all six persons, with the three forms in each row.
Table of Variant Forms of Benne
Bennünket: us
Bennünket is often used as the accusative 'us', in place of minket.
Benneteket is often used as the familiar plural accusative 'you', in place of titeket.
- 38
With many people working, a job is soon done.
Sokmuch, many, lotkéz,handhamarsoonkész.ready - 39
Learning is a good companion on any journey.
Jógoodútitárstravelling companionathetudomány.science - 40
Whoever promises much gives little.
AkiwhosokatDo you smoke very much?ígér,promise (v)keveseta little, little (object)ad.give - 41
Help yourself and God will help you too.
Segítshelp (v)magadonyou; yourself, himself, herselfsand so forth, et ceteraIstenGodisalsomegsegít.let me examine him, her, it - 42
A good horse is no use if the driver is poor.
Nemunless, excepthasználuse (v)athejógoodló,horsehaifathekocsiscar, vehiclenemunless, exceptjó.good - 43
Look at the mother before you marry the daughter.
Nézdlook (v)meglet me examine him, her, itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'anyát,motherveddtake it, buy it (familiar)elaway, offathelányát.how many daughters she has - 44
Be quiet, my mouth, and my head won't ache.
Nedon't swimszóljspeak, say, talkszám,number; issuenemunless, exceptfájhurt, achefejem.head - 45
Slow water washes away the bank.
Lassúslowvízwaterpartotshore, bankmos.wash (v)
F. Table of Variant Forms of Benne
Hol? | Hova? | Honnan?
bennem | belém | belőlem
benned | beléd | belőled
benne | bele (belé, beléje) | belőle
bennünk | belénk | belőlünk
bennetek | belétek | belőletek
bennük | beléjük | belőlükG. Bennünket, Benneteket
Bennünket and benneteket are often used as variant accusative forms corresponding to minket and titeket respectively.Notes on Grammar: Verbal Prefixes, Frequentative Verbs, Additional Suffixes, Numerals and Indefinite Pronouns with Possessive Suffixes and Verbal Endings -ít, -ul, -ül
Ki- in front of the verb
Ahol szükség volt rá, oda mindenhova kirendelte a katonákat az aratáshoz. The army was ordered out for the harvest wherever it was needed.
Kirendelte begins with ki-. A verbal prefix is a word such as ki-, meg- or el- joined to the front of a verb.
By the rules of word order already met, it can also stand apart from the verb: ki akarja bővíteni.
The table lists 42 common verbal prefixes in alphabetical order.
Verbal Prefixes, 1 of 2
Verbal Prefixes, 2 of 2
Olvasgat: reading again and again
Az ott készült jegyzeteimet olvasgatom. I'm reading over the notes I took there.
Olvas is 'read'. The suffix -gat, -get on the verb root usually makes the action frequent, repeated or continuous. Most verbs of one syllable take -ogat, -eget, -öget: ír, írogat.
Sometimes the suffix changes the meaning completely. Lát, he sees. Látogat, he visits. Hall, he hears. Hallgat, he listens.
Other suffixes of the same kind
Gondolom sokat kell szaladgálniuk. I believe they have to do a considerable amount of running around.
The suffix -oz, -ez, -öz has the same effect: önt, öntöz. Less common suffixes do it too: áll, álldogál. Szalad, szaladgál. Jár, járkál.
A transitive verb of this kind has the usual definite and indefinite forms: olvasgat, olvasgatja.
The tables give the plain verb first, then the verb with the suffix. The first table adds the definite form.
Frequentative Verbs, 1 of 4
Frequentative Verbs, 2 of 4
Frequentative Verbs, 3 of 4
Frequentative Verbs, 4 of 4
As and together with: -ként, -stul
Diplomáciai megfigyelőként vettem részt. I participated as a diplomatic observer.
The suffix -ként goes on the basic form of a word. It often means 'as' or 'like': tolmácsként, as an interpreter. Vendégként, barátként.
The suffix -stul, -stül means 'with' or 'together with'. Before it comes the same vowel as before the plural suffix: családostul, gyerekestül.
Turning into: -vá, -vé
A fiatalság nagy részét szakemberekké tudják képezni. The majority of young people can be trained to be specialists.
The suffix -vá, -vé means turning into, or being changed into, something. It goes on the basic form of nouns and adjectives: jóvá, kissé.
After a consonant, the v of the suffix is assimilated, and the last consonant of the word is doubled: követté, borrá, szakemberekké.
Measure, adverbs and as: -nyi, -lag, -ul
Svájc csak pár órányira van repülővel. Switzerland's only a few hours by air.
The suffix -nyi makes an adjective from a noun of measure, distance or quantity: órányi, percnyi, méternyi.
The suffix -lag, -leg most often makes an adverb from a noun or adjective: politikailag, eredetileg, tényleg.
The suffix -ul, -ül sometimes matches English 'as': például, as an example. Feleségül venni, take as a wife. A final -a or -e becomes long before it.
Kettőnk: two of us
Csak kettőnket hívtak meg a követségről. Only two of us were invited from the Embassy.
English says 'two of us' or 'five of them'. Hungarian puts a personal possessive suffix on the cardinal number: kettőnk, two of us. Ötőjük, five of them.
These forms take case endings as the sentence needs them. Kettőnket is the accusative.
All of them: mindnyájuk
Adja át mindnyájuknak üdvözleteimet. Please extend my greetings to all of them.
Indefinite pronouns often take the same suffixes: sokunk, many of us. Valamennyiük, all of them.
The first table lists these pronouns with their English. The second gives hármónk, négyőnk and mindnyájunk in each plural person.
Numerals and Indefinite Pronouns with Possessive Suffixes, 1 of 2
Numerals and Indefinite Pronouns with Possessive Suffixes, 2 of 2
Épít and épül: builds and is built
Akkor több iskolát fognak építeni. Then more schools will be built.
Épít, he builds, and épül, it is being built, are a pair already met. The ending -ít often means that the subject causes the action. The ending -ul, -ül usually means that the subject is acted upon.
A verb in -ít is generally transitive. A verb in -ul, -ül does not take an object. Lassít, he slows it down. Lassul, it is slowing down.
- 46
he builds
építbuild - 47
it is being built
épülis being built - 48
he slows (it) down
lassítslows down - 49
it is slowing down
lassulslow down - 50
he unites
egyesítunite - 51
it is being united
egyesülone; a (an)
A. Verbal Prefixes
Reference List of the Most Common Verbal Prefixes:
|
abba- | körül-
agyon- | közbe-
alá- | közzé-
át- | külön-
be- | le-
bele- | meg-
el- | mellé-
ellen- | neki-
elő- | oda-
előre- | össze-
fel- | rá-
félbe- | rajta-
félre- | széjjel-
felül- | szét-
fenn- | tova-
hátra- | tovább-
helyre- | túl-
hozzá- | utána-
ide- | végbe-
keresztül- | végig-
ki- | vissza-
(For position of these prefixes in a sentence, review paragraph A, unit 12.)B. Frequentative Verbs
The following suffixes added to the verb root usually give to the verb the connotation of frequent, repeated or continuous action. However, in some cases they change the meaning of the verb completely. (Transitive verbs in this category have the usual definite and indefinite forms.)
(1)
-gat, -get; with most monosyllabic verbs -ogat, -eget, -öget
| Indefinite | Definite
cserél | cserélget | cserélgeti
olvas | olvasgat | olvasgatja
próbál | próbálgat | próbálgatja
fest | festeget | festegeti
néz | nézeget | nézegeti
tölt | töltöget | töltögeti
ír | írogat | írogatja
hall (he hears) | hallgat (he listens) | hallgatja
lát (he sees) | látogat (he visits) | látogatja
(2)
-oz, -ez, -öz
| |
köt | kötöz | kötözi
küld | küldöz | küldözi
önt | öntöz | öntözi
kérd | kérdez | kérdezi
hord | hordoz | hordozza
(3)
Other less commonly used suffixes:
| |
(a) -dogál, -degél, -dögél | áll | álldogál
| él | éldegél
| ül | üldögél
(b) -gál, -gél | szalad | szaladgál
| keres | keresgél
(c) -kál | jár | járkál
| úszik | úszkál
| mászik | mászkál
(d) -ál, -él | dob | dobál
| ugrik | ugrál
(e) -kod, -ked, -köd | kap | kapkod
| lép | lépked
(f) -dal, -del | rug | rugdal
| vág | vagdalC. Additional Suffixes
(1)
-stul, -stül is added to a word with the same auxiliary vowel as used before the corresponding plural suffix. It is rendered into English by "with", "together with", "accompanied by": családostul, gyerekestül, mindenestül.
(2)
-ként is added directly to the basic form of the word. It often corresponds to "as, like": tolmácsként ("as an interpreter") újságíróként, vendégként, barátként.
(3)
-nyi is an adjectival suffix added to the basic form of a noun denoting measure, distance, quantity: órányi, percnyi, kanálnyi, méternyi, forintnyi.
(4)
-vá, -vé is added directly to the basic form of the word. However, when the basic word ends in a consonant, the -v of the suffix is assimilated and the final consonant of the word is doubled. The suffix expresses the concept of "turning into or being changed into something": szakemberekké, követté, borrá, jóvá, kissé. This suffix is added to nouns and adjectives.
(5)
-lag, -leg is most often used to form an adverb from a noun or adjective: politikailag, sajátkezűleg, eredetileg, láthatólag, főleg, tényleg.
(6)
-ul, -ül is added to the basic form of the noun, with lengthening of the vowel -a or -e when the noun ends in either sound. This suffix is used in expressions which sometimes correspond to English phrases containing "like" or "as", e.g., például, "as an example"; feleségül venni "take as a wife (=marry, said of a man)"; segítségül hívni "call for help".D. Numerals and Indefinite Pronouns with Possessive Suffixes
Such expressions as "two of us", "five of them", etc., are rendered in Hungarian by cardinal numbers plus personal possessive suffixes: kettőnk, ötőjük. They may take case endings, depending on their use in the sentence. Indefinite pronouns are likewise frequently used with personal possessive suffixes:
|
mindegyikünk | every one of us
valamennyiük | all of them
sokunk | many of us
többük | a lot of them
kettőnk, mindkettőnk | we two, we both
kettőtök, mindkettőtök | you two, you both
kettőjük, mindkettőjük | both of them
| |
hármónk | négyőnk | mindnyájunk
hármótok | négyőtök | mindnyájatok
hármójuk | négyőjük | mindnyájukE. Verbal Endings -ít, -ul, -ül
The verbal ending -ít often indicates that the subject causes the action indicated by the verb whereas -ul, -ül usually implies that the subject is acted upon.
(Note that verbs ending in -ít are generally transitive while those ending in -ul, -ül do not take an object.)
Examples:
épít he builds
épül it is being built
lassít he slows (it) down
lassul it is slowing down
egyesít he unites
egyesül it is being united
(See also Section D, Unit 15)Variation Drill
- 52
In the evenings I usually read.
Esténkéntevery evening, eveningsolvasgatnito read off and on, browseszoktam.I usually - 53
The burglar kept explaining the matter, but in vain.
Atherablórobbermagyarázgattaexplainathedolgot,work, task; thing, matter, stuff, objectdebuthiába.in vain, vainly - 54
The wind kept blowing the windows open.
Atheszélwind (n)nyitogattaopen (v)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ablakokat.window - 55
The boys are standing around on the corner.
Athefiúkthe boys' bookálldogálnakstand (v)athesarkon.on the corner
- 56
The boys are standing around on the corner.
Athefiúkthe boys' bookálldogálnakstand (v)athesarkon.on the corner - 57
Many people are strolling in the park.
Sokmuch, many, lotemberman, human beingjárkálattend schoolatheparkban.park - 58
Come to the concert with your family.
Jöjjöncome (command)elaway, offathekoncertrato the concertcsaládostul.with the entire family
- 59
Fekete went abroad as a journalist.
Feketeblack; black coffeeújságírókéntjournalistmentwentkülföldre.abroad - 60
Switzerland is only a few hours away by air.
SvájcSwitzerlandcsakonlypára pairórányiraspeedometervanI'm busy, I've something to dorepülővel.flyer - 61
Today they want to train the young to be specialists.
Matodayathefiatalságotyoung; youthfulszakemberekkéexpert, specialistakarjákwantsképezni.to train, teach
- 62
Today they want to train the young to be specialists.
Matodayathefiatalságotyoung; youthfulszakemberekkéexpert, specialistakarjákwantsképezni.to train, teach - 63
What made America great?
Miwe; whattetteput it; did itAmerikátAmericanaggyá?great (as in: made it great) - 64
Originally he wanted to be a doctor.
Eredetilegoriginally, primarilyorvosdoctorakartwant (v)lenni.below, beneath, down
- 65
Originally he wanted to be a doctor.
Eredetilegoriginally, primarilyorvosdoctorakartwant (v)lenni.below, beneath, down - 66
What can you give (bring up) as an example?
Mitwhattudknowpéldáulfor instancefelhozni?up - 67
This car belongs to us both.
Ezthisathekocsicar, vehiclekettőnké.two of us - 68
My greetings to all of them.
Mindnyájukatall of themüdvözlöm.I greet; my regards to
- 69
My greetings to all of them.
Mindnyájukatall of themüdvözlöm.I greet; my regards to - 70
You won't be disappointed in me.
Nemunless, exceptfogszcatch, holdcsalódnito be disappointedbennem.in me - 71
He became president.
Elnökpresidentletthe would have been richbelőle.out of it, from him, her, it - 72
It's difficult to play against the English team.
Nehézdifficult, heavyazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'angolEnglishcsapatteam, troopellenagainstjátszani.to play
- 73
It's difficult to play against the English team.
Nehézdifficult, heavyazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'angolEnglishcsapatteam, troopellenagainstjátszani.to play - 74
Through whom did you get the news?
Kiwho; outáltalby means of, way of, throughtudtaknowmeglet me examine him, her, itathehírt?news - 75
They're interested in (about) conditions here.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ittenihere, in this placehelyzetsituationiránttoward, aboutérdeklődnek.interest (n) - 76
The new measures will be for the benefit of the people.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'újnewintézkedésekmeasure(s), step(s), arrangement(s)athenéppeoplejavárafor the good of, to the advantage ofválnak.(javára válnak) they turn out to (his) advantage
- 77
The new measures will be for the benefit of the people.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'újnewintézkedésekmeasure(s), step(s), arrangement(s)athenéppeoplejavárafor the good of, to the advantage ofválnak.(javára válnak) they turn out to (his) advantage - 78
I'm working in his place (instead of him).
Helyetteinstead of himdolgozom.work - 79
I'm here without my wife.
Athefeleségemmy wifenélkülwithoutvagyokI amitt.here, in this place - 80
Say this word after me.
Mondjayou say; he, she saysutánamafter him (her, it); afterwardseztGood, I'll buy this one.atheszót.call upon somebody to speak
- 81
Say this word after me.
Mondjayou say; he, she saysutánamafter him (her, it); afterwardseztGood, I'll buy this one.atheszót.call upon somebody to speak - 82
There will be tickets for everybody.
Mindenkieverybodyszámárafor him (her, it)lesz(he, she, it) will bejegy.ticketMindenkieverybodyrészérefor him (her, it)lesz(he, she, it) will bejegy.ticket - 83
Nobody else is going besides me.
Kívülembesides menemunless, exceptmegy(she) gets marriedsenki.nobodyRajtamon mekívüloutside, withoutnemunless, exceptmegy(she) gets marriedsenki.nobody - 84
Why did you come to Washington?
Miwe; whatvégettfor, (in order) tojöttcameWashingtonba?WashingtonMiwe; whatmiattbecause ofjöttcameWashingtonba?Washington
- 85
According to the president there won't be any war.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'elnökpresidentszerintaccording tonemunless, exceptlesz(he, she, it) will beháború.warAzthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'elnökpresidentvéleményeopinionszerintaccording tonemunless, exceptlesz(he, she, it) will beháború.war - 86
According to the program they're going to recite poems now.
Atheműsorprogramszerintaccording tomostnowkölteményeketpoemfognakcatch, holdszavalni.to recite
Transformation Drill
- 87
Az apám abbahagyta a dohányzást.
My father quit smoking.
- 88
Az apám abbahagyta a dohányzást.
My father quit smoking.
- 89
Az apám abbahagyta a dohányzást.
My father quit smoking.
- 90
Az apám abbahagyta a dohányzást.
My father quit smoking.
- 91
Az apám abbahagyta a dohányzást.
My father quit smoking.
- 92
Szeretem a kirakatokat nézni.
I like to look at shop windows.
- 93
Szeretem a kirakatokat nézni.
I like to look at shop windows.
- 94
A gyerekek az iskola előtt állnak.
The children are standing in front of the school.
- 95
Jöjjön el a családjával.
Come with your family.
- 96
Jöjjön el a családjával.
Come with your family.
- 97
Fekete mint újságíró ment külföldre.
Fekete went abroad as a journalist.
- 98
Barátot találtam magában.
I found a friend in you.
- 99
Elviszlek titeket is.
I'll take you two along too.
- 100
Elviszlek titeket is.
I'll take you two along too.
- 101
A gyerekek nélkül vagyok itt.
I'm here without the children.
- 102
Az anyám számára vettem.
I bought it for my mother.
Translation Drill
- 109
The highest executive bodies of the Hungarian state administration are the ministries.
AthemagyarHungarianállamigazgatásstate administration, managementfelsőupper, higherirányítódirecting, governingszerveiorganatheminisztériumok.Ministry of National Defense - 110
The highest body in the state administration is the council of ministers, where the ministers make decisions concerning the affairs of the country.
Athelegfőbbmostállamigazgatásistate administration, managementszervorganatheminisztertanács,council of ministersaholwhereatheminiszterekminister, cabinet memberhatároznakdecideazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országcountryügyeiben.case, affair, matter - 111
Since in Hungary everything belongs to the state, the state directs everything through a central administration.
Mivelbecause, since, as; with whatMagyarországonin Hungarymindeneverything, allazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államstatetulajdonábanproperty, ownvan,I'm busy, I've something to doazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államstateirányítdirectsközpontilagcentral heatingmindent.everything, all - 112
The ministries issue orders which are executed by the companies attached to them.
AtheminisztériumokMinistry of National Defenserendeleteketorder (v)adnakgiveki,who; outamelyeketwhich, that (plural object)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'alájukbelow themtartozókeep pacevállalatokcompany, firmvégrehajtanak.at last, finally - 113
The Ministry of Finance prepares the budget of the country every year and supervises the work of the banks.
Athepénzügyminisztériumfinancemindeneverything, allévbenin the yearelkészítiprepares itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országcountryköltségvetésétbudgetésandellenőrziagainstathebankokbankmunkáját.work, labor, job - 114
The Hungarian National Bank and the Investment Bank give money to the enterprises for construction and operation.
AtheMagyarHungarianNemzetinationalBankbankésandatheBeruházásiinvestmentBankbankadjagives itathepénztmoneyathevállalatoknakcompany, firmműködésükhözfor their workingésandazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'építkezéseikhez.build - 115
When a foreign trade company purchases abroad, the Foreign Exchange Department of the National Bank pays the foreign currency to the seller.
Amikorwhenegya, an; onekülkereskedelmiforeign-tradevállalatcompany, firmkülföldönabroadvásárol,purchase, buy, go shoppingatheNemzetinationalBankbankDevizaigazgatóságaforeign exchangefizetipaykiwho; outathedevizátCan they get foreign currency?azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'eladónak.seller, salesclerk - 116
A ministry or a company can't have foreign currency, since that is a state monopoly.
MinisztériumnakMinistry of National Defensevagyorvállalatnakcompany, firmnemunless, exceptlehetit's possibledevizája,foreign exchangemertbecauseazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistatemonopolium.monopoly - 117
Under the five-year plan, the state wants to increase the production of steel (iron). mills and machine factories.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ötévesfive-yeartervbennational economic planazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államstatenövelnito increaseakarjawantsathevas-iron (metal)ésandgépgyárakmachinetermelését.production - 118
The Ministry of Foundries and Machine Industries wants to make larger investments this year.
AtheKohó-foundry, metallurgyésandGépiparimachineMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseebbenin thisazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'évbenin the yearnagyobbbig, largeberuházásokatinvestmentakarwant (v)végezni.to finish - 119
In practice this means that they intend to build new factories and foundries next to the Danube, where transportation is cheaper.
Gyakorlatilagpracticalezthisaztit meansjelenti,it meanshogyhow; thatújnewgyárakatfactoryésandkohókatfoundry, metallurgyakarnakwantépítenito buildatheDunaDanubemellett,next to, beside, byaholwhereolcsóbbcheaperatheszállítás.shipping, transport - 120
One of the section chiefs of the Ministry inquired at the Ministry of Construction about whether there was sufficient trained manpower in the construction industry.
AtheminisztériumMinistry of National Defenseegyikone of theosztályvezetőjedepartment headérdeklődöttinterest (n)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ÉpítésügyibuildMinisztériumnálMinistry of National Defenseaziránt,about that, concerning thathogyhow; thatvan-ewhether it is, there iselégenough, quiteképzettpicturemunkaerőmanpower, laborazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'építőiparban.build - 121
The construction industry needs the help of the Ministry of Labor in any case.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'építőiparnakbuildmindenképpeneverything, allszükségeneed (n)vanI'm busy, I've something to doatheMunkaügyiwork, labor, jobMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensesegítségére.help (v)
- 122
Each enterprise prepares the production plan which they afterwards send to the ministries.
Athevállalatokcompany, firmegyenkéntto eat a lotkészítikreadyelaway, offathetermelésiproductiontervet,national economic planamitwhich, thatazutánafterwardsmegküldeneklet me examine him, her, itatheminisztériumoknak.Ministry of National Defense - 123
Most of the factories send a monthly report about production to the higher organs of government.
Athelegtöbbmostgyárfactoryhavontamonthly, every monthjelentéstreport, bulletin, communiquéküldsendathefelsőbbupper, higherszerveknekorganathetermelésről.production - 124
The state farms and farmer's co-operatives send their reports to the Ministry of Agriculture.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistategazdaságokfarmésandtermelőszövetkezetekcraftsmen's co-operativeatheFöldművelésügyiagricultureMinisztériumnakMinistry of National Defenseküldiksendathejelentéseiket.report, bulletin, communiqué - 125
The Ministry of Defense receives a lot of money every year out of the budget for the building of military airfields.
AtheHonvédelmiMinistry of National DefenseMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseéventeyearsokmuch, many, lotpénztmoneykapget, receiveatheköltségvetésbőlbudgetkatonaimilitaryrepülőterekairfieldsépítésére.build - 126
The Ministry of Light Industry buys machines through a foreign trade company from western countries.
AtheKönnyűiparilight (weight), easyMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensegépeketmachinevásároltatpurchase, buy, go shoppingnyugatiwesternországokbólcountryegya, an; onekülkereskedelmiforeign-tradevállalatcompany, firmáltal.by means of, way of, through - 127
The Ministry of Foreign Trade wants to increase the export of grain to Western Europe.
AtheKülkereskedelmiforeign-tradeMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensenövelnito increaseakarjawantsazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'exportotexports (object)gabonábólcorn, grainNyugat-Európába.west - 128
The Ministry of Domestic Trade directs the work of the various business enterprises and department stores in the country.
Athekülönbözővariousüzletekshopsésandáruházakdepartment storesmunkájátwork, labor, jobazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országbancountryatheBelkereskedelmiinternal, interior, domesticMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseirányítja.directs it - 129
The textile factories manufacture many items of clothing each year for foreign as well as domestic trade.
Athetextilgyáraktextile millsmindeneverything, allévbenin the yearsokmuch, many, lotruhátdressgyártanakmanufacture, produceúgyso, like thatathekülkereskedelem,foreign trademintas, likeathebelkereskedeleminternal, interior, domesticszámára.for him (her, it) - 130
The Council of Ministers issued a decree to supply agriculture with machinery.
AtheMinisztertanácscouncil of ministersrendeletetorder (v)hozottbringathemezőgazdaságagriculturegépekkelmachinevalófrom Hungaryellátására.supply, provide - 131
The factories belonging to the Ministry of Heavy Industry manufacture a lot of machinery each year for agriculture.
AtheNehéziparidifficult, heavyMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensealáunder, below, underneathtartozókeep pacegyárakfactoryéventeyearsokmuch, many, lotgépetmachinegyártanakmanufacture, produceathemezőgazdaságagriculturerészére.for him (her, it) - 132
From the factories, many skilled workers go to work on the state farms every year.
Athegyárakbólfactoryéventeyearsokmuch, many, lotképzettpicturemunkaerőmanpower, labormegy(she) gets marrieddolgoznito workazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistategazdaságokba.farm - 133
The Ministry of Health supervises the work of doctors, sanatoriums and the hospitals.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'EgészségügyihealthMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseellenőrziagainstazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'orvosok,doctorszanatóriumoksanatoriumsésandkórházakhospitalmunkáját.work, labor, job - 134
The Ministry of Cultural Affairs has ordered that more medical students should be admitted to medical schools next year.
AtheMűvelődésügyiculture, educationMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseúgyso, like thatrendelkezett,order (v)hogyhow; thatathejövőfuture, comingévbenin the yeartöbbmoreorvostanhallgatótdoctorvegyenekbuy (plural, formal)felupazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'orvosidoctoregyetemekre.mining engineering university
- 135
The schools and the universities, and the theaters and cultural centers are under the direction of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'iskolákpublic elementary schoolésandegyetemek,mining engineering universityatheszínházaktheaterésandathekultúrotthonokhouses of cultureatheMűvelődésügyiculture, educationMinisztériumMinistry of National Defenseirányításadirection, guidingalattunderállnak.stand (v) - 136
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has a special school for diplomats.
AthekülügyminisztériumnakMinistry of Foreign Affairskülönseparate, privateiskokájaits schoolvanI'm busy, I've something to doathediplomatákdiplomatrészére.for him (her, it) - 137
The work of the police department is centrally directed by the Ministry of the Interior.
Atherendőrségpolice forcemunkájátwork, labor, jobatheBelügyminisztériumMinistry of Interiorközpontilagcentral heatingirányítja.directs it - 138
In Hungary, the police issue passports.
Magyarországonin Hungaryazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útleveleketpassportsatherendőrségpolice forceadjagives itki.who; out - 139
Another duty of the police is to supervise traffic and order.
Egya, an; onemásikotherfeladatahomeworkatherendőrségnekpolice forceatheközlekedésttrafficésandatherendetorder (object)ellenőrizni.supervise - 140
Those whom the police arrest are turned over to the court for trial.
Azokat,thoseakiketwhoatherendőrségpolice forceletartóztatarrest (v)átadjacall upon somebody to speakathebíróságnakcourt of justicetárgyalásconference, negotiations; trialvégett.for, (in order) to - 141
The Ministry of Justice supervises the work of the courts.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'Igazságügyminisztériumjusticeellenőrziagainstathebíróságokcourt of justicemunkáját.work, labor, job - 142
The Council of Ministers makes decisions on the development of industry and commerce.
AtheMinisztertanácscouncil of ministershozzabring (command)athehatározatokatdecideazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'iparprocessing industryésandathekereskedelemcommerce, tradefejlesztésére.development - 143
As the highest body of the state administration, the Council of Ministers holds a meeting every month or two.
Mintas, likeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementlegfőbbmostszerve,organatheMinisztertanácscouncil of ministershavonkéntmonthly, every monthvagyorkéthavonkénttwotartkeep paceülést.seat; sitting - 144
The state administration plays an important role everywhere in the life of the people.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementmindenholeverywhere, at all points, all overfontosimportantszerepetrolejátszikplay (v)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'emberekman, human beingéletében.life
Response Drill
- 145
What did Mr. Anderson attend last week?
Minon whatvettmonumentrészttake partAndersonAnderson (an American in the dialogues)úrMr., sir, gentlemanathemúltpast, lasthéten?next week - 146
In what capacity was he there?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofminőségbencapacity; qualityvoltcame up (in discussion)ott?there (in that place) - 147
Was the meeting closed or open?
Zártkörűclosed, private, exclusivevagyornyilvánosopen, publicvoltcame up (in discussion)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'értekezlet?conference, meeting - 148
What did they discuss at the meeting?
Mirőlof whattárgyaltaknegotiate, discussazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'értekezleten?conference, meeting - 149
Where must the budget be submitted for approval?
Hovawhere to, in which directionkellis needed, wanted, necessaryterjesztenito submitatheköltségvetéstbudgetjóváhagyásapprovalvégett?for, (in order) to - 150
Was there a significant change in the budget compared to the previous year's?
Voltcame up (in discussion)atheköltségvetésbenbudgetlényegessignificant, essentialváltozáschange (v)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'előzőpreviousévihezto the yearly, to the annualviszonyítva?compare - 151
Which ministry's budget was increased?
Melyikwhichtárcaportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookkereteitscope, frameworknövelték?increase (v) - 152
What do they want to do to raise the standard of living?
Mitwhatakarnakwantcsinálnito do, makeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'életszínvonalliving standardemelésére?raising, increasing, lifting - 153
Which ministry's budget was decreased?
Melyikwhichtárcaportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookköltségvetésétbudgetcsökkentették?diminish
- 154
Which ministry's sphere of authority includes the direction of education and cultural life?
Melyikwhichtárcaportfolio, department, ministry; pocketbookhatáskörébespheres of authority, jurisdictiontartozikbelongazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'oktatásteaching, education, instructionésandathekulturálisculturaléletlifeirányítása?direction, guiding - 155
What did Mr. Anderson hear about the Ministry of Agriculture?
MitwhathallotthearAndersonAnderson (an American in the dialogues)úrMr., sir, gentlemanatheFöldművelésügyiagricultureMinisztériumról?Ministry of National Defense - 156
Why are there difficulties in organizing agriculture?
Miértwhyvannakare (they are, there are)nehézségekdifficult, heavyathemezőgazdaságagriculturemegszervezésével?organization - 157
Whom did they have to make use of last summer to bring in the harvest?
Athemúltpast, lastnyáronAnd the summers?kiketwhom (plural)kellettis needed, wanted, necessaryigénybemake use of, take advantage ofvennimake use of, take advantage ofatheterméscrop, yield, harvestbetakarítására?harvest - 158
What will the Ministry of Labor issue?
Mitwhatfogcatch, holdkibocsátanito issueatheMunkaügyiwork, labor, jobMinisztérium?Ministry of National Defense - 159
Why does the government consider it important that the organs of state administration cooperate?
Miértwhytartjakeep pacefontosnakimportantathekormány,steering wheel; government, cabinethogyhow; thatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásistate administration, managementszervekorganegyüttműködjenek?together - 160
Is there cooperation among the ministries?
Megvanlet me examine him, her, itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'együttműködésco-operationatheminisztériumokMinistry of National Defenseközött?between, among - 161
What does the Ministry of Transportation and Posts want to do?
Mitwhatakarwant (v)atheKözlekedés-trafficésandPostaügyipost office, mailMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensecsinálni?to do, make - 162
Why is the expansion of the air and rail network timely?
Miértwhyidőszerűtimely, seasonableatherepülőflyerésandvasútirailroad bridgehálózatnetworkkibővítése?enlarge, widen
- 163
What does tourist traffic mean for the country?
Mitwhatjelentmean, indicate; reportatheturista-forgalomtouristazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országnak?country - 164
Which organ issues passports in Hungary?
Melyikwhichszervorganadjagives itkiwho; outazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útleveleketpassportsMagyarországon?in Hungary - 165
What is the form of state of Hungary?
Miwe; whatMagyarországHungaryállamformája?form of government - 166
What is the highest organ of state power in Hungary?
Miwe; whatMagyarországonin Hungaryathelegfelsőmostállamhatalmistateszerv?organ - 167
For how many years is the parliament elected?
Hányhow manyéviof so many years; yearlyidőtartamralength of time, periodválasztjákchooseazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlést?parliament - 168
What is the sphere of duties of the parliament?
Miwe; whatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentfeladatköre?sphere of duties, scope of duties - 169
When the parliament is not in session, who exercises its powers?
Haifazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentnemunless, exceptülésezik,seat; sittingkiwho; outgyakoroljapractice; exercise, enforceazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentjogkörét?jurisdiction - 170
What is the highest organ of state administration?
Miwe; whatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementlegfelsőbbsupreme courtszerve?organ - 171
How often does the Council of Ministers meet?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofgyakranoftentartkeep paceüléstseat; sittingatheminisztertanács?council of ministers
- 172
In what matters does the Council of Ministers make decisions?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofügyekbencase, affair, matterhozbringhatározatokatdecideatheminisztertanács?council of ministers - 173
Are there private enterprises in Hungary?
Vannakare (they are, there are)magánvállalatokprivate enterprise, firm, companyMagyarországon?in Hungary - 174
What is the sphere of duties of the Ministry of Finance?
Miwe; whatathePénzügyminisztériumfinancefeladatköre?sphere of duties, scope of duties - 175
Who collects taxes from private persons and enterprises?
Kiwho; outszedigather, collect; take (medicine)bein, intoazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'adóttax (n)magánszemélyektőlprivate person, individualésandvállalatoktól?company, firm - 176
Can a ministry or an enterprise have foreign currency in Hungary?
Lehetit's possibleMagyarországonin HungaryminisztériumnakMinistry of National Defensevagyorvállalatnakcompany, firmdevizája?foreign exchange - 177
Which ministry do the state farms and the producers' cooperatives belong to?
MelyikwhichminisztériumhozMinistry of National Defensetartoznakkeep paceazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistategazdaságokfarmésandathetermelőszövetkezetek?craftsmen's co-operative - 178
What is the function of the Ministry of Health?
Miwe; whatathemunkakörework, labor, jobazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'EgészségügyihealthMinisztériumnak?Ministry of National Defense - 179
What organs come under the Ministry of Justice?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofszervekorgantartoznakkeep paceazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'Igazságügyminisztériumjusticealá?under, below, underneath - 180
What organs administer justice in Hungary?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofszervekorgangyakoroljákpractice; exercise, enforceazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'igazságszolgáltatástjudiciary power, jurisdictionMagyarországon?in Hungary
- 181
What are the local organs of state power?
Melyekwhich (plural)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államhatalomstatehelyilocalszervei?organ - 182
Which ministry does the police come under?
MelyikwhichminisztériumMinistry of National Defensealáunder, below, underneathtartozikbelongatherendőrség?police force - 183
What is the function of the police?
Miwe; whatatherendőrségpolice forcefeladatköre?sphere of duties, scope of duties - 184
Under which ministry's direction are the theaters, cultural centers, schools, universities, and television and radio stations?
MelyikwhichminisztériumMinistry of National Defenseirányításadirection, guidingalattunderállnakstand (v)atheszínházak,theaterkultúrotthonok,houses of cultureiskolák,public elementary schoolegyetemek,mining engineering universitytelevízió-winterésandrádióállomások?radio
Conversation Practice 1
- 185
What did the Council of Ministers talk about yesterday?
Mirőlof whattárgyaltnegotiate, discusstegnapyesterdayatheminisztertanács?council of ministers - 186
They debated the draft budget.
Atheköltségvetésibudgettervezetetplan, proposalsvitattákdispute, debatemeg.let me examine him, her, it - 187
Is there a significant change compared to the previous year's?
VanI'm busy, I've something to dolényegessignificant, essentialváltozáschange (v)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'előzőpreviousévihezto the yearly, to the annualviszonyítva?compare - 188
The budget of the Ministry of Construction was increased in order to build new apartments.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ÉpítésügyibuildMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensekereteitscope, frameworknöveltékincrease (v)újnewlakásokapartment, flatépítésebuildvégett.for, (in order) to - 189
There is really a great need for that!
Erreon this, onto this; this way; about thisbizonycertainlynagybig, largeszükségneed (n)van!I'm busy, I've something to do - 190
They also want to establish more light industry enterprises in order to raise the standard of living.
Többmorekönnyűiparilight (weight), easyvállalatotcompany, firmisalsoakarnakwantlétesítenito establishazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'életszínvonalliving standardemeléseraising, increasing, liftingmiatt.because of - 191
What kind of factories do they want to build?
Milyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofgyárakatfactoryakarnakwantépíteni?to build - 192
Textile, clothing and furniture factories. These will work for foreign trade as well as for domestic trade.
Textil-,textileruha-summer suit, dressésandbútorgyárakat.furnitureEzektheseúgyso, like thatathekülkereskedelem,foreign trademintas, likeathebelkereskedeleminternal, interior, domesticszámárafor him (her, it)fognakcatch, holddolgozni.to work
Conversation Practice 2
- 193
The expansion of the country's air network was also discussed at the meeting.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'értekezletenconference, meetingszóbancame up (in discussion)voltcame up (in discussion)azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országcountryrepülőhálózatánakflyerkibővítéseenlarge, widenis.also - 194
In my opinion it would be very timely. Many tourists come to the country, who would like to go everywhere and see everything.
Athevéleményemopinionszerintaccording tonagyonveryaktuálistopical, timelylenne.below, beneath, downSokmuch, many, lotturistatouristjöncomeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országba,countryakikwhoszeretnéneklike, love (v)mindenhovaeverything, allelmennito go, go away, leaveésandmindenteverything, allmegnézni.to look at - 195
Since they eased the issuing of passports, I hear that many people travel abroad from here too.
Amiótawhich, thatmegkönnyítettékmake easier, easeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útlevelekpassportskiadásátissuanceúgyI'm told, from what I hearhallom,I'm told, from what I hearinnenfrom hereisalsosokanmany (people)utaznakthey travelkülföldre.abroad - 196
Yes, and everyone would like to fly. A person saves a lot of time if he can fly.
Igen,yessand so forth, et ceteramindenkieverybodyrepülnito flyszeretne.like, love (v)Sokmuch, many, lotidőtduring the entire timemegspórolsave, economizeazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ember,man, human beinghaifrepülhet.fly (v) - 197
I wonder whether one still has to run around a lot to get a passport?
VajonI wonder, whether, ifmégstill, yet, in addition, evenmindigalwayssokatDo you smoke very much?kellis needed, wanted, necessaryszaladgálnirunazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útlevélpassportmegszerzéséért?let me examine him, her, it - 198
If the necessary documents are in order, they give the passport fairly quickly.
Haifatheszükségesnecessaryokmányokdocumentmegvannak,let me examine him, her, itakkorthen, at that timeelégenough, quitehamarsoonmegadjáklet me examine him, her, itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'útlevelet.passport (object)
Conversation Practice 3
- 199
I read somewhere that the Ministry of Agriculture has a lot of trouble with the cooperatives.
Olvastamreadvalahol,somewhere, anywherehogyhow; thatatheFöldművelésügyiagricultureMinisztériumnakMinistry of National Defensesokmuch, many, lotbajaWhat's the matter with you?vanI'm busy, I've something to doathetermelőszövetkezetekkel.craftsmen's co-operative - 200
I heard that too. They say it's partly because there is a shortage of machines in the cooperatives.
EztGood, I'll buy this one.énIisalsohallottam.hearAztit meansmondjákyou say; he, she saysrészbenpartazért,therefore, for that reasonmertbecausegéphiánymachinevanI'm busy, I've something to doatheszövetkezetekben.co-operative - 201
But the Council of Ministers issued a decree to supply agriculture with machines!
Debuthiszenbut, surely, why, wellatheminisztertanácscouncil of ministersrendeletetorder (v)hozottbringathemezőgazdaságagriculturegépekkelmachinevalófrom Hungaryellátására!supply, provide - 202
That is true, but they still have not been able to fulfill the set plan.
Ezthisigaz,true, realdebutmégstill, yet, in addition, evenmindigalwaysnemunless, excepttudtákknowteljesítenicomplete, full, totalathekitűzöttset goal, aim, targettervet.national economic plan - 203
I think there are labor problems in the cooperatives too.
Aztit meanshiszem,I believemunkaerőmanpower, laborproblémákproblemisalsovannakare (they are, there are)athetermelőszövetkezetekben.craftsmen's co-operative - 204
There certainly are. Young people prefer to go and work in factories, where they are paid better.
Bizonycertainlyvannak.are (they are, there are)Athefiatalságyoung; youthfulszívesebbenbe so kind, will you kindlymegy(she) gets marriedgyárakbafactorydolgozni,to workaholwherejobbanThank you, much better.fizetikpayőket.them - 205
What do they do when the grain has to be harvested and there aren't enough farm workers?
Mitwhatcsinálnak,you, they do, makeamikorwhenathegabonátcorn, grainkellis needed, wanted, necessarybetakarítanito harvestésandnincsthere's no(t)elégenough, quiteföldmunkás?land, soil, earth - 206
They ask the Ministry of National Defense for help. The ministry sends the army out for the harvest.
AtheHonvédelmiMinistry of National DefenseMinisztériumtólMinistry of National Defensekérnekask forsegítséget.help (v)AtheminisztériumMinistry of National Defensekirendelidetails, orders outathekatonaságotsoldierazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'aratáshoz.harvest (n)
Conversation Practice 4
- 207
I heard that they want to establish new schools!
Hallottam,hearhogyhow; thatújnewiskolákatpublic elementary schoolakarnakwantlétesíteni!to establish - 208
Yes. The Council of Ministers decided that more specialists are needed.
Igen.yesAtheminisztertanácscouncil of ministersúgyso, like thathatározott,decidehogyhow; thattöbbmoreszakemberreexpert, specialistvanI'm busy, I've something to doszükség.need (n) - 209
There is certainly a great shortage of doctors and engineers in the country!
Orvosokbóldoctorésandmérnökökbőlengineerbizonycertainlynagybig, largehiánylackvanI'm busy, I've something to doazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országban!country - 210
The Ministry of Education has already issued the decree that more engineering and medical students be admitted to the universities in the fall.
AtheMűvelődésügyiculture, educationMinisztériumMinistry of National Defensemáralready, beforekiwho; outisalsoadtagave itatherendeletet,order (v)hogyhow; thatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ősszelin the autumntöbbmoremérnök-engineerésandorvostanhallgatótdoctorvegyenekbuy (plural, formal)felupazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'egyetemekre.mining engineering university - 211
I hear that there aren't enough teachers either!
ÚgyI'm told, from what I hearhallom,I'm told, from what I hearhogyhow; thattanárteacher, professorsincsit isn't ... either, there isn't ... eitherelég!enough, quite - 212
They are trying to train more teachers too, but young people prefer to go into medicine or engineering, because they see a greater future in it.
Próbálnakthey trytöbbmoretanártteacher, professorisalsonevelni,to bring up, educatedebutazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'ifjúságyouthszívesebbenbe so kind, will you kindlymegy(she) gets marriedorvosidoctorvagyormérnökiengineerpályára,course, path; grounds, playing fields; career, professionmertbecausenagyobbbig, largejövőtfuture, cominglátseebenne.in, inside, within - 213
A difficult problem. But if they raised the teachers' salaries, perhaps more people would be drawn to that too.
Nehézdifficult, heavyprobléma.problemDebuthaiffelemelnékhalfathetanárokteacher, professorfizetését,salary, wagetalánperhapsodathere (to that place)isalsotöbbmoreembertman, human beingvonzanának.draw, attract - 214
I suppose sooner or later they will raise them.
Gondolomthinkelőbbas soon as possiblevagyorutóbblaterfelupfogjákcatch, holdemelni.to raise
Narrative
- 215
Excerpts from the Constitution of the Hungarian People's Republic.
KivonatokexcerptatheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeoplealkotmányából.constitution - 216
The form of state of Hungary is a People's Republic.
MagyarországHungaryállamformájaform of governmentNépköztársaság.people - 217
The highest organ of state power of the Hungarian People's Republic is the parliament.
AtheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeoplelegfelsőmostállamhatalmistateszerveorganazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlés.parliament - 218
The parliament:
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlés:parliament - 219
1) makes laws,
1)1törvényeketlawalkot,create - 220
2) determines the state budget,
2)2meghatározzadecide uponazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistateköltségvetést,budget - 221
3) establishes the national economic plan,
3)3megállapítjaconclude, determinate, establishathenépgazdaságinational economic plantervet,national economic plan - 222
4) elects the Presidential Council of the People's Republic,
4)4megválasztjalet me examine him, her, itatheNépköztársaságpeopleElnökipresidentTanácsát,council; advice, counsel - 223
5) elects the Council of Ministers,
5)5megválasztjalet me examine him, her, itatheminisztertanácsot,council of ministers - 224
6) establishes and abolishes ministries, and may change the sphere of duties of individual ministries,
6)6minisztériumokatMinistry of National Defenselétesítestablishésandszüntet(meg szüntet) abolishesmeg,let me examine him, her, itilletőlegrespectivelymegváltoztathatjalet me examine him, her, itazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'egyesone; a (an)minisztériumokMinistry of National Defensefeladatkörét,sphere of duties, scope of duties - 225
7) decides the question of declaring war and making peace,
7)7döntdecide, ruleathehadüzenetdeclaration of warésandathebékekötésconclusion of peacekérdésében,question - 226
8) grants amnesty.
8)8közkegyelmetcommunity, public, collectivity; intermediate space, intervalgyakorol.practice; exercise, enforce - 227
The parliament is elected for a term of four years.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűléstparliamentnégyfouréviof so many years; yearlyidőtartamralength of time, periodválasztják.choose - 228
The parliament meets at least twice a year for a regular session.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentévenkéntyearlegalábbat leastkétszertwiceülsitösszetogetherrendesdecent, fair, fineülésszakra.session, term - 229
At its first session the parliament elects the Presidential Council of the People's Republic from among its members.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentelsőfirstülésénseat; sittingtagjaimemberközülbetweenmegválasztjalet me examine him, her, itatheNépköztársaságpeopleElnökipresidentTanácsát.council; advice, counsel - 230
When the parliament is not in session, the powers of the parliament are exercised by the Presidential Council of the People's Republic.
Haifazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentnemunless, exceptülésezik,seat; sittingazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országgyűlésparliamentjogkörétjurisdictionatheNépköztársaságpeopleElnökipresidentTanácsacouncil; advice, counselgyakorolja.practice; exercise, enforce - 231
The highest organ of state administration is the Council of Ministers of the Hungarian People's Republic.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementlegfelsőbbsupreme courtszerveorganatheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeopleminisztertanácsa.council of ministers - 232
The territory of the Hungarian People's Republic is divided into counties, districts, cities and communities.
AtheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeopleterületearea, territorymegyékre,countyjárásokra,districtvárosokracityésandközségekrevillage, communityoszlik.divided into - 233
The local organs of state power are the county council, the district council, the city council, the community council and the city ward council.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államhatalomstatehelyilocalszerveiorganathemegyeicountytanács,council; advice, counselathejárásidistricttanács,council; advice, counselathevárosicitytanács,council; advice, counselatheközségivillage, communitytanácscouncil; advice, counselésandathevárosicitykerületidistrict, regiontanács.council; advice, counsel - 234
In the Hungarian People's Republic justice is administered by the Supreme Court of the Hungarian People's Republic, the higher courts, the county courts and the district courts.
AtheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságbanpeopleazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'igazságszolgáltatástjudiciary power, jurisdictionatheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeopleLegfelsőbbsupreme courtBírósága,court of justiceathefelsőbíróságok,upper, higherathemegyeicountybíróságokcourt of justiceésandathejárásbíróságokdistrictgyakorolják.practice; exercise, enforce
- 235
The chief prosecutor of the Hungarian People's Republic watches over the observance of legality.
Athetörvényességlawbetartásakeep, observefelettover, aboveatheMagyarHungarianNépköztársaságpeoplelegfőbbmostügyészeprosecutorőrködik.keeps watch - 236
In Hungary the organs of state administration play a greater role in the life of the country than in the western countries.
Magyarországonin Hungaryazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásistate administration, managementszervekorgannagyobbbig, largeszerepetrolejátszanakthey playazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országcountryéletében,lifemintas, likeathenyugatiwesternországokéban.country - 237
Since everything in the country is done under central direction, the organs of the state decide important questions and supervise the carrying out of the plans.
Mivelbecause, since, as; with whatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országbancountrymindeneverything, allközponticentral heatingirányítássaldirection, guidingtörténik,happen, occurazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államstateszerveiorgandöntenekdecide, rulefontosimportantkérdésekbenquestionésandellenőrzikagainstatheterveknational economic planvégrehajtását.execution, fulfilment carrying out, enforcement - 238
The highest organ in the country is the Communist Party.
Athelegmagasabbthe highestszervorganazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országbancountryatheKommunistacommunistPárt.party - 239
At party headquarters they decide the fate of the country and what policy Hungary should follow toward other states.
Athepártközpontbanpartyhatároznakdecideazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'országcountrysorsárólfate, destinysand so forth, et ceteraarról,from that, of that, from that directionhogyhow; thatMagyarországHungarymilyenwhat's it like, what kind, sort ofpolitikátpolitics, policyfolytasson(that) he continuemáselse, other, differentállamokkalUnited Statesszemben.opposite to - 240
The party carries out its decisions through the Council of Ministers, which is the chief directing organ of the ministries under it.
Athepártpartyathehatározataitdecideatheminisztertanácscouncil of ministersáltalby means of, way of, throughhajtjadrive (v)végre,at last, finallyamelywhich, thatazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'alájabelow himtartozókeep paceminisztériumoknakMinistry of National Defenseathelegfőbbmostirányítódirecting, governingszerve.organ - 241
The ministries then instruct the enterprises under them to carry out the various plans.
AtheminisztériumokMinistry of National Defenseazutánafterwardsutasítjákorder, command, tellazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'alájukbelow themtartozókeep pacevállalatokatcompany, firmathekülönbözővariousterveknational economic planvégrehajtására.execution, fulfilment carrying out, enforcement - 242
Since there are no private enterprises in Hungary, the state enterprises are directed by the ministries.
Mivelbecause, since, as; with whatMagyarországonin Hungarymagánvállalatokprivate enterprise, firm, companynincsenek,there aren't; you, they aren'tazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államistatevállalatokatcompany, firmatheminisztériumokMinistry of National Defenseirányítják.they direct it - 243
Every month each enterprise must send a report to its ministry on its operation and on the fulfillment of the set plan.
Havontamonthly, every monthmindeneverything, allvállalatnakcompany, firmjelentéstreport, bulletin, communiquékellis needed, wanted, necessaryküldenieto sendatheminisztériumánakMinistry of National Defenseatheműködésérőlabout its workingésandathekitűzöttset goal, aim, targettervnational economic planteljesítéséről.fulfilment, accomplishment - 244
The lowest organs of state administration are the county, district, city and community councils.
Azthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'államigazgatásstate administration, managementlegalsóbbmostszerveiorganathemegyei,countyjárási,districtvárosicityésandközségivillage, communitytanács.council; advice, counsel - 245
These councils have various departments, which are responsible for directing the territory of the county, district, city or community.
Ezeknektheseathetanácsoknakcouncil; advice, counselkülönbözővariousosztályaikdepartment, classvannak,are (they are, there are)melyekwhich (plural)felelősekresponsibleathemegye,countyjárás,districtváros,cityilletőlegrespectivelyatheközségvillage, communityterületénekarea, territoryirányításáért.direction, guiding - 246
One of their most important departments is the finance department, which deals with tax matters.
Egyikone of thelegfontosabbmostosztályukdepartment, classathepénzügyifinanceosztály,department, classamelywhich, thatadóügyekkeltax (n)foglalkozik.be engaged, occupy, deal (with something) - 247
This department collects taxes from private persons and enterprises on the basis of the regulations of the Ministry of Finance.
Ezthisazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'osztálydepartment, classathepénzügyminisztériumfinancerendelkezéseiorder, instructionsalapjánbase, basisszedigather, collect; take (medicine)bein, intoazthe (before a vowel); also 'that' in 'az a ...'adóttax (n)magánszemélyektőlprivate person, individualésandvállalatoktól.company, firm - 248
The economic department manages the development of the council's territory and the supervision of economic life.
Athegazdaságieconomicosztálydepartment, classintézimanage, conduct, direct, arrangeathetanácscouncil; advice, counselterületénekarea, territoryfejlesztésétdevelopmentésandathegazdaságieconomicéletlifeellenőrzését.supervision, control
The particulars
- The course
- Foreign Service Institute, Hungarian Basic Course, Washington, 1962. Public domain. The teaching pages, the glosses and the narration of lines the tape lacks are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Gulliver’s Fifth and Sixth Voyages, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents