Japanese · Lesson 112
Lesson 114
Reading Japan
Cotton imports through the port · Dialogue 1 of 5
Cotton passed through Kobe
Two speakers discuss why more people recognize Kobe than Yokohama. *神戸 は 古い 港 で* means "Kobe is an old port."
Kobe has over one million residents. Its harbor has separate sections for domestic and foreign trade.
Osaka lacked a good port for its spinning and weaving industries. Imported cotton therefore passed through Kobe.
- 1
はまはとうきょうにちかいから、だれでもしっていますが、こうべはとおいのにもかかわらず、はまいじょうにしられていますね。
Since Yokohama is close to Tokyo, everybody knows it; but, in spite of the fact that Kobe is far, it is known better than Yokohama, isn’t it?
横浜Yokohamaはtopic東京Tokyoにto近いcloseから、becauseだれanyoneでanyoneもanyone知っknowてknowいknowますpoliteが、but神戸Kobeはtopic遠いfarのdespiteにdespiteもdespiteかかわらdespiteず、despite横浜Yokohama以上more thanにthan知らknownれknownてknownいknownますpoliteね。right? - 2
ええ、こうべはふるいみなとで、ふるくからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていたからですね。
Yes, because Kobe is an old port and it is known from the olden days as a port of import.
ええ、yes神戸Kobeはtopic古いold港portで、and古くolden daysからfrom輸入import port港import portとasしasてas知らknownれknownてknownいknownたpastからbecauseですisね。right? - 3
そうですか。で、どんなものをゆにゅうしていたのですか。
Is that so? And what kind of commodities was it importing?
そうsoですisか。questionで、andどんなwhat kind of物commoditiesをobject輸入importしdoてimportingいongoingたpastのexplanationですisか。question - 4
わたですね。にほんはぼうせきぎょう、めんおりものぎょうでしられていましたが、そのげんりょうのわたはほとんどべいこく、インド、エジプトなどからゆにゅうしていました。
Cotton, Japan was known for her cotton spinning industry and cotton textile industry, but practically all the cotton, is its raw material, was imported from the United States, India, Egypt, and other countries.
綿cottonですisね。right?日本Japanはtopic紡績spinning industry業、spinning industry綿cotton textile industry織物cotton textile industry業cotton textile industryでfor知らknownれknownてknownいknownましpoliteたpastが、butそのits原料raw materialの's綿cottonはtopicほとんどpractically all米国、United Statesインド、IndiaエジプトEgyptなどand othersからfrom輸入importしdoてimportingいongoingましpoliteた。past - 5
なぜおおさかにはいらなかったのですか。
Why did it not come into Osaka?
なぜwhy大阪Osakaにintoはいらenterなかっnotたpastのexplanationですisか。question - 6
おおさかはぼうしょくぎょうがさかんでしたが、よいみなとがなかったので、げんりょうのゆにゅうはみなこうべをとおしたのです。
The spinning and weaving industries flouri in Osaka, but it did not have a good port. All the raw materials went through Kobe.
大阪Osakaはtopic紡織spinning and weaving業spinning and weavingがsubjectさかんflourishingでしwasたpastが、butよいgood港portがsubjectなかっnot existたpastのbecauseで、because原料raw materialsの's輸入importはtopicみなall神戸Kobeをthrough通しpass throughたpastのexplanationです。is
1 --- TO KITARA
Following nouns and the basic form of verbs and adjectives plus KOTO, TO KITARA expresses the meaning of "when it comes to ---" or "where --- is concerned."
Example:
NIHONGO O JOOZU NI HANASU KOTO TO KITARA, ANO SEITO WA DAME DESU.
"When it comes to speaking Japanese fluently, that student is not good."
SUPOOTSU TO KITARA NAN DEMO YARIMASU.
"When it comes to sports, he does everything."
TABERU KOTO TO KITARA, SUMISU-SAN NO MIGI NI DERU MONO WA IMASEN.
"When it comes to eating, there is no one who surpasses Mr. Smith."
TSUYOI KOTO TO KITARA, SUMISU-SAN NI OYOBU MONO WA INAI.
"When it comes to being strong, there is no one who can surpass Mr. Smith."
KOTOBA O YOKU OBOERU KOTO TO KITARA, PAAKU-SAN NI OYOBU SEITO WA IMASEN.
"When it comes to remembering words well, there are no students who surpass Mr. Parks."
NIHON RYOORI TO KITARA, TANAKA FUJIN NI KANAU HITO WA IMASEN.
"When it comes to Japanese cooking, there is no one who can surpass Mrs. Tanaka."1 Kobe
Kobe, having a population of over one million, is the sixth largest city in Japan so far as population is concerned. Kobe has far outstripped Yokohama in the annual value of its imports and exports. The various kinds of factories in Kobe numbers 1,052. Kobe Harbor is in two sections. The southern port is devoted to domestic trade and the northern section to foreign trade. Kobe has a large volume of foreign settlers and has forty Protestant churches and six Catholic churches in the city.2 Mt. Rokkoo
Mt. Rokkoo is a resort. There is an 18-hole golf course on the top of the range. The stone monument passed on the way to the golf links was erected in 1912 in honor of the late Arthur Broom, one of the pioneers in developing this mountain as a summer resort. A number of foreign and Japanese residents of Kobe and Osaka have built summer villas on the mountain. There are a number of ponds on the summit, which afford swimming in the summer and skating in the winter. Skiing can also be enjoyed on the mountain in season.Arima Spa
Arima Spa, which lies at an elevation of 1,191 ft. on the northern side of Mt. Rokkoo, is of very ancient origin. Its waters have an historic reputation for their medicinal efficacy especially in diseases of the digestive organs and women’s diseases. One hot spring is strong salt and contains a large quantity of iron; another cold spring contains carbonic acid gas, and is used for table water. Arima is frequently visited by Kobe residents as it is cool in the summer and has beautiful surroundings.Suma
Suma lies on the shore of the Inland Sea and is noted for its delightful scenery and its historical associations. It is also a part of the city of Kobe,5 Awaji Island
Awaji Island is one of the most thickly populated islands in Japan. Besides having abundant marine products, its fertile land is arable, because there are no high mountains. The island has an area of 228.9 sq. miles and is triangular in shape, the most acute angle stretching towards Kobe and the others towards Wakayama and Shikoku.- は
- leaves
- に
- on (See Gram. Notes)
- 近い
- near, close
- から、
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- だれ
- who?
- で
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- も
- as much as, as many as (See Grammar Notes
- い
- stomach
- ます
- trout
- が、
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- 神戸
- Kobe
- 遠い
- far
- の
- See Grammar Notes
- ね。
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- ええ、
- Yes
- 古い
- old, antique
- 港
- port, harbor
- と
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- し
- city
- です
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- そう
- numerical counter for ships
- か。
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- どんな
- what kind of; what sort of
- を
- particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
- 綿
- cotton
- 織物
- fabric
- 原料
- raw material
- ほとんど
- almost (See Gram. Notes)
- インド、
- India
- エジプト
- Egypt
- など
- and so forth, etc.
- なぜ
- why?
- よい
- good (See Gram. Notes)
Port exports and industries · Dialogue 2 of 5
Exports exceeded imports
Two speakers discuss Kobe after the war. *輸出が 輸入 の 倍 です* means "Exports are twice the imports."
Industry developed around Kobe, and Kobe became a much larger export port than Yokohama.
*造船業* and *酒造* name its major industries: shipbuilding and sake brewing.
- 7
そしてせいひんをこうべからふねにつんでゆしゅつしたのですね。
And loaded on ships, the manufactured products were exported from Kobe, isn’t that right?
そしてand製品manufactured productsをobject神戸Kobeからfrom船shipにonto積んloadでby輸出exportしdoたpastのexplanationですisね。right? - 8
そうです。だいにじせかいたいせんごはしゅうへんのこうぎょうのはったつによってゆしゅつがぞうかして、いまではゆにゅうこうとはいえません。ゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいです。
That’s right. After the Second World War, with, the development of industry in the surrounding area, export increased and today it can’t be called a port of import. Export is twice as much as import.
そうsoです。is第Second二Second次Second世界World War大戦World War後afterはtopic周辺surrounding areaの's工業industryの's発達developmentにbyよっbyてby輸出exportsがsubject増加increaseしdoて、and今todayでatはtopic輸入import port港import portとasはtopic言えcallませnotん。not輸出exportsがsubject輸入importsの's倍doubleです。is - 9
しゅうせんごのにほんのこうぎょうのはったつはめざましいですね。
The development of industry in post-war Japan is remarkable, isn’t it?
終戦war ended後afterの's日本Japanの's工業industryの's発達developmentはtopicめざましいremarkableですisね。right? - 10
そうです。そのため、ゆしゅつこうとして、こうべははまよりはるかにおおきくなりました。
Yes, it is. Because of that, Kobe became larger by far than Yokohama as a port of export.
そうsoです。isそのthatため、because輸出export port港export portとasしasて、as神戸Kobeはtopic横浜Yokohamaよりthanはるかby farにby far大きくlargeなりbecomeましpoliteた。past - 11
こうべではどんなこうぎょうがさかんですか。
What kind of industry floiucishes in Kobe?
神戸Kobeでinはtopicどんなwhat kind of工業industryがsubjectさかんflourishingですisか。question - 12
よくしられているのはぞうせんぎょう、それから、しゅぞうです。
The well-known industries are shipbuilding and SAKE brewing.
よくwell知らknownれknownてknownいるknownのonesはtopic造船shipbuilding業、shipbuildingそれthatから、and酒造sake brewingです。is
- 製品
- manufactured product
- から
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- 二
- two
- 後
- after; afterwards
- 周辺
- surrounding area
- 工業
- manufacturing industry
- が
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- より
- than (See Gram. Notes)
- はるか
- in the distance
- よく
- well, skillfully
- いる
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
- 酒造
- sake making; sake brewing
Brewing and nearby sights · Dialogue 3 of 5
Sake and coastal scenery
Two speakers discuss Nada sake and nearby scenic places.
*この 地方一たい は なだ の 酒 の 産地 として 有名 です* means "All around this area is famous as a production center of Nada sake."
Suma is part of Kobe on the shore of the Inland Sea. It has notable scenery and historical associations.
The nearby Akashi coast also has notable scenery. Himeji Castle is more than one hour away by train.
- 13
しゅぞうでゆうめいなところだとはしりませんでしたね。
I didn’t know that it is a place famous for Sake brewing.
酒造sake brewingでfor有名famousなfamous所placeだisとquoteはtopic知りknowませnotんnotでしwasたpastね。right? - 14
このちほういったいはなだのさけのさんちとしてゆうめいです。
All around this area is famous as a production center of Nada Sake.
このthis地方whole area一whole areaたいwhole areaはtopicなだNadaの's酒sakeの's産地production centerとasしasてas有名famousです。is - 15
かんこうちとしてゆうめいなところは。
Where are the places famous for sightseeing?
観光sightseeing area地sightseeing areaとasしasてas有名famousなfamous所placesは。topic - 16
そうですね。むかしからすまやこうべのちかくのあかしのかいがんはけしきがよいのでしられていますね。
Well, let me see. Suma and the shore of Akashi, which is near Kobe, were known from olden days for beautiful scenery.
そうwellですlet me seeね。right?昔olden daysからfrom須磨Sumaやand神戸Kobeの's近くnearの's明石Akashiの's海岸shoreはtopic景色sceneryがsubjectよいbeautifulのbecauseでbecause知らknownれknownてknownいknownますpoliteね。right? - 17
ひめじじょうはこうべからとおいですか。
Is Himeji Castle far from Kobe?
姫路Himeji Castle城Himeji Castleはtopic神戸Kobeからfrom遠いfarですisか。question - 18
ええ、かなりとおいです。れっしゃでいちじかんいじょうかかりますね。
Yes, it is fairly far. It will take over one hour by train.
ええ、yesかなりfairly遠いfarです。is列車trainでby一one hour時間one hour以上overかかりtakeますpoliteね。right?
- な
- I wish, I hope, huh
- 所
- address, place
- だ
- to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
- 地方
- country, region
- 一
- one
- なだ
- P.N., Kobe area
- 酒
- Sake, rice wine
- 産地
- production center; an area producing; the home
- です。
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- 須磨
- P.N., a district in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)
- や
- and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
- 近く
- vicinity
- 明石
- P.N.; a scenic place west of Kobe
- 海岸
- coast, shore
- 姫路
- P.N.; capital city of Hyogo Prefecture
- かなり
- fairly
- 時間
- hour, time
Mountain views and summer nights · Dialogue 4 of 5
Recreation on Mount Rokkoo
Two speakers discuss recreation and views in the mountains near Kobe.
*六甲山 は レクリエーション地* means "Mount Rokkoo is a recreation center." A driveway and cable car lead to its golf course.
The mountain is also a summer resort. Its ponds allow swimming in summer and skating in winter. Skiing is possible in season.
Views toward Awaji Island
From Mount Maya, Awaji Island appears on the right. Cities along Osaka Bay appear on the left.
Awaji Island has abundant marine products and fertile land. It has no high mountains, so its land can be farmed.
*夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい* means "when it comes to the night view, it is magnificent." *と 来たら* singles out the night view.
- 19
ほかにはみるところはありませんか。
Isn’t there any other place to see?
外otherにamongはtopic見るsee所placeはtopicありexistませnotんnotか。question - 20
ありますよ。こうやまはレクリエーションちで、ドライブ・ウェーやケーブルカーをりようしてのぼれば、ゴルフじょうもあります。
Yes, there is. Mt. Rokkoo is a recreation center and if you climb it by using the driveway and cable car, there is a golf cour: there, too.
ありexistますpoliteよ。I tell you六甲Mount Rokko山Mount Rokkoはtopicレクリエーションrecreation center地recreation centerで、isドライブ・drivewayウェーdrivewayやandケーブルcable carカーcable carをobject利用useしdoてusing登れclimbば、ifゴルフgolf course場golf courseもalsoありexistます。polite - 21
よいところらしいね。
It seems it is a nice place.
よいnice所placeらしいseemsね。right? - 22
そう。そこから、ロープ・ウェーをりようして、まやさんにのぼると、みぎにあわじしまがみえ、ひだりにおおさかわんにそってはったつしただいとしがみえます。
Yes it is. From there, if you climb Mt. Maya by using the cable car, you can see Awaji-shima to your right and the big cities developed around the Bay of Osaka to your left.
そう。yesそこthereから、fromロープ・ropewayウェーropewayをobject利用useしdoて、usingまMount MayaやMount Maya山Mount Mayaにto登るclimbと、if右rightにtoあわAwaji IslandじAwaji Island島Awaji Islandがsubject見え、can see左leftにto大阪Osaka Bay湾Osaka Bayにalong沿っalongてalong発達developしdoたpast大big city都市big cityがsubject見えcan seeます。polite - 23
ゆうだいなけしきらしいですね。
It seems it is magnificent scenery.
ゆうmagnificent大magnificentなmagnificent景色sceneryらしいseemsですisね。right? - 24
そうです。とくによるのながめときたら、すばらしいもので、なつにはすずみがてらよるそこにいくひとがおおいです。
That’s right. It is magnificent especially when it comes to a night scene, and there are many people who go there at night to enjoy the cool breeze in the summer.
そうsoです。is特especiallyにespecially夜nightの'sながめviewとwhen来comesたら、whenすばらしいmagnificentものthingで、and夏summerにinはtopicすずみcool offがてらwhile夜nightそこthereにto行くgo人peopleがsubject多いmanyです。are
- 山
- mountain
- レクリエーション
- recreation
- で、
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- ドライブ・
- a drive
- ゴルフ
- golf
- そう。
- numerical counter for ships
- そこ
- there
- と、
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- じ
- character, word
- 湾
- bay
- 都市
- city
- 夜
- night, evening
- ながめ
- view (n)
- すばらしい
- splendid, great, grand
- もの
- things (tangible)
- 夏
- summer
- 人
- people
Hot springs beyond the mountain · Dialogue 5 of 5
A hot spring to the north
The speakers follow the route down the north side of Mount Rokkoo.
*六甲山 を 裏 の 方、つまり 北 の 方 に 下る と* means "when you descend Mount Rokkoo on its north side."
The route reaches *古くから 知られている 有馬温泉*, the long-established Arima Hot Spring.
Arima Spa is ancient. Kobe residents often visit because it is cool in summer and has beautiful surroundings.
- 25
そうでしょうね。
I suppose there are.
そうthat is soでしょうprobablyね。right? - 26
それから、こうやまをうらのほう、つまりきたのほうにくだると、ふるくからしられているありまおんせんにでます。
And when you descend Mt. Rokkoo from its backside, that is on the north side, you’ll come out to Arima Hot Spring known from the olden days.
それand thenから、and then六甲Mount Rokko山Mount Rokkoをobject裏backの's方、sideつまりthat is北northの's方sideにon下るdescendと、when古くlong agoからfrom知らis knownれis knownてis knownいるis known有馬Arima Hot Spring温泉Arima Hot Springにto出come outます。come out - 27
にほんはどこにいってもおんせんがあるようですね。
It seems there are hot springs wherever you go in Japan.
日本Japanはtopicどこwhereverにto行っgoてgoもeven温泉hot springsがsubjectあるthere are様seemsですisね。right? - 28
そうです。
You are right.
そうthat is rightです。is
- でしょう
- probably (See Gram. Notes)
- つまり
- in short, in another word
- 北
- north
- ます。
- trout
- ある
- certain, some
Contrasting strengths and weaknesses · Perception drill
Where writing is concerned
*ええ、しかし、書く事 と 来たら だめです* means "Yes, but when it comes to writing, he is not good."
The first speaker praises spoken Japanese. The reply uses *と 来たら* to focus the contrasting weakness in writing.
After a noun or an activity
*と 来たら* follows a noun to mean "when it comes to." *ビール と 来たら いくらでも 飲むんですね* focuses beer.
For an activity, it follows the plain verb plus *事*. *よく食べる 事 と 来たら おどろくほど です* means "When it comes to eating, it is amazing."
- 29
よるのながめときたらすばらしいものです。
When it comes to a night scene, it is magnificent.
夜nightのofながめviewとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたらwhen it comes toすばらしいmagnificentものthingです。is - 30
スミスさんはにほんごをはなすのがおじょうずですね。
Mr. Smith is surely good in speaking Japanese, isn’t he?
スミスSmithさんMr.はtopic日本Japanese language語Japanese languageをobject話すspeakingのact ofがsubjectおpolite上手good atですisね。right? - 31
ええ、しかし、かくことときたらだめです。
Yes, but when it comes to writing, he is not good.
ええ、yesしかし、but書くwriting事act ofとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたらwhen it comes toだめno goodです。is - 32
いいおくさんをもらいましたね。
You surely got a nice wife, didn’t you?
いいnice奥wifeさんwifeをobjectもらいgotましgotたgotね。right? - 33
しかし、りょうりをすることときたら、なにもしりません。
But she doesn’t know anything when it comes to cooking.
しかし、but料理cookingをobjectするdoing事act ofとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to何anythingもat all知りdoes not knowませdoes not knowん。does not know - 34
おたくのむすこさんはよくふとっていますね。
Your son is surely stout, isn’t he?
おyour home宅your homeの'sむすこsonさんsonはtopicよくquite太っis stoutてis stoutいis stoutますis stoutね。right? - 35
ええ、よくたべることときたらおどろくほどです。
Yes, when it comes to eating, it is amazing.
ええ、yesよくa lot食べるeating事act ofとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたらwhen it comes toおどろくastonishingほどto that extentです。is - 36
ジョンズさんはビールときたらいくらでものむんですね。
When it comes to beer, Mr. Jones drinks any amount, doesn’t he?
ジョンズJonesさんMr.はtopicビールbeerとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたらwhen it comes toいくらany amountでany amountもany amount飲むdrinksんthe factですisね。right? - 37
ええ、ビールがとてもすきで、のませれば、いくらでものみますよ。
Yes, he likes beer very much, and if you let him drink, he drinks any amount.
ええ、yesビールbeerがsubjectとてもvery much好きlikesで、and飲まif allowed to drinkせれif allowed to drinkば、if allowed to drinkいくらany amountでany amountもany amount飲みdrinksますdrinksよ。I tell you - 38
ブラウンさんはスポーツはなんでもできますが、べんきょうときたらだめですね。
Mr, Brown does any kind of sports, but when it comes to studying he is not good, is he?
ブラウンBrownさんMr.はtopicスポーツsportsはtopic何any kindでany kindもany kind出来can doますcan doが、but勉強studyingとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたらwhen it comes toだめno goodですisね。right? - 39
ほんとうにそうです。スポーツができるほどべんきょうができたらたいしたものですがね。
You are right, if he can study as well as he can do sports, it will be a great thing for him.
本当trulyにtrulyそうthat is rightです。isスポーツsportsがsubject出来るcan doほどas well as勉強studyingがsubject出来could doたらif大したgreatものthingですwould beがthoughね。right?
- 上手
- skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)
- しかし、
- however, but
- だめ
- no good, useless, hopeless
- いい
- good (See Gram. Notes)
- おどろく
- to be surprised
- ほど
- to the extent (See Grammar Notes)
- ビール
- beer
- いくら
- how much? how many?
- とても
- very, indeed
- 好き
- to like, be fond of (See Grammar Notes)
- スポーツ
- sport
- 出来る
- to be manufactured; to be produced (v.i.)
Emphasising particular abilities · Pattern 1 1 of 3
A focused judgment
*かん字 と 来たら、あの生徒 は ちっとも 出来ません* means "When it comes to kanji, that student cannot do it at all."
*と 来たら* singles out an ability or activity for praise or criticism.
*よく おぼえる 事 と 来たら、田中さん の 右 に 出る 人 は 居ません* says that no one surpasses Mr. Tanaka at remembering things well.
- 40
かんじときたら、あのせいとはちっともできません。
When it comes to kanji, that student cannot do it at all.
かん字kanjiとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes toあのthat生徒studentはtopicちっともnot at all出来cannot doませcannot doん。cannot do - 41
わたくしのかないはにほんりょうりときたら、ちっともできません。
When it comes to Japanese cooking, my wife cannot do it at all.
私Iの's家内wifeはtopic日本Japanese cooking料理Japanese cookingとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes toちっともnot at all出来cannot doませcannot doん。cannot do - 42
あのひとのえいごときたら、まちがいだらけです。
When it comes to that person's English, it is full of mistakes.
あのthat人personの's英語Englishとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to間違いmistakesだらけfull ofです。is - 43
べんきょうときたら、ひとつもしません。
When it comes to studying, he does none at all.
勉強studyingとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to一none at allつnone at allもnone at allしdoes not doませdoes not doん。does not do - 44
じどうしゃのつかいかたときたら、とてもへたです。
When it comes to using a car, he is very poor at it.
自動car車carのof使いhow to use方how to useとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes toとてもvery下手poor atです。is - 45
ゴルフときたら、めしよりもすきです。
When it comes to golf, he likes it better than eating.
ゴルフgolfとas for来comeたら、whenめしeatingよりthanもeven好きlikesです。polite - 46
よくおぼえることときたら、たなかさんのみぎにでるひとはいません。
When it comes to remembering things well, no one can surpass Mr. Tanaka.
よくwellおぼえるremembering事thingsとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to田中TanakaさんMr.の's右surpassにsurpass出るsurpass人personはtopic居there is noませthere is noん。there is no - 47
りくじょうきょうぎときたら、べいこくにかなうくにはありません。
When it comes to track and field, there is no country that can match the United States.
陸上track and field競技track and fieldとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to米国United Statesにwithかなうcan match国countryはtopicありthere is noませthere is noん。there is no - 48
なまけることときたら、わたくしがいちばんです。
When it comes to being lazy, I am number one.
なまけるbeing lazy事act ofとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to私Iがsubject一番number oneです。am
- ちっとも
- not even a little (See Gram. Notes)
- だらけ
- full of, covered with (See Grammar Notes)
- 車
- vehicle, car
- 下手
- unskilled, poor in doing things
- おぼえる
- to memorize, remember (v.t.)
- 出る
- come out to the phone, go out, come out (vi)
- 競技
- athletic events; athletic competition
- 国
- country, nation
- なまける
- to be lazy (v.i.)
- 一番
- number one (See Grammar Notes)
Asking about particular abilities · Pattern 1 2 of 3
Focus the answer
*ゴルフ は どうですか* asks "How about golf?" The answer begins *ゴルフ と 来たら* to focus that sport.
*ゴルフ と 来たら、全ぜん きょう味 が ない のですよ* means "When it comes to golf, I have no interest in it at all."
The same form focuses a narrower preference in *ことに さしみ と 来たら、大好き*. It means that he particularly loves sashimi.
- 49
あなたはたいていのスポーツはなさいますが、ゴルフはどうですか。
You do most sports, but how about golf?
あなたyouはtopic大抵mostのofスポーツsportsはtopicなさいdoますdoが、butゴルフgolfはtopicどうhow aboutですisか。question - 50
ゴルフときたら、ぜんぜんきょうみがないのですよ。
When it comes to golf, I have no interest in it at all.
ゴルフgolfとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to全not at allぜんnot at allきょう味interestがsubjectないhave noneのthe factですisよ。I tell you - 51
たむらさんはずいぶんさかながすきらしいですね。
Mr. Tamura seems to like fish very much, does he not?
田村TamuraさんMr.はtopicずい分very much魚fishがsubject好きlikesらしいseemsですisね。right? - 52
ええ、さかながとてもすきですね。ことにさしみときたら、だいすきで、ほかにはなにもいらないそうです。
Yes, he likes fish very much. When it comes to sashimi in particular, he loves it so much that he says he needs nothing else.
ええ、yes魚fishがsubjectとてもvery much好きlikesですisね。right?ことparticularlyにparticularlyさしみsashimiとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to大好きlovesで、and外anything elseにbesidesはtopic何anythingもat allいらneedsないnotそうreportedlyです。is - 53
スミスさんはよくにほんごがはなせますが、よんだりかいたりするのはどうですか。
Mr. Smith speaks Japanese well, but how is he at reading and writing it?
スミスSmithさんMr.はtopicよくwell日本Japanese language語Japanese languageがsubject話せcan speakますcan speakが、but読んreadingだりreading書いwritingたりwritingするdoingのact ofはtopicどうhowですisか。question - 54
よみかきときたら、ぜんぜんだめですね。
When it comes to reading and writing, he is no good at all.
読み書きreading and writingとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes to全not at allぜんnot at allだめno goodですisね。right? - 55
きみのいえのむすこさんはよくたべるね。
Your son certainly eats a lot, does he not?
君youの's家familyの'sむすこsonさんsonはtopicよくa lot食べるeatsね。right? - 56
ええ、よくたべることときたら、おどろくほどですよ。
Yes, when it comes to eating a lot, it is astonishing.
ええ、yesよくa lot食べるeating事act ofとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes toおどろくastonishingほどto that extentですisよ。I tell you - 57
ごしゅじんはスポーツのはなしがおすきらしいですね。
Your husband seems to like talking about sports, does he not?
御husband主人husbandはtopicスポーツsportsのabout話talkingがsubjectおpolite好きlikesらしいseemsですisね。right?
- ずい分
- very much
- さしみ
- thinly sliced raw fish dish
- 大好き
- be very fond of, like very much
- 君
- suffix to a name, Mr. (See cult. notes)
- 家
- house, home
- 話
- story, talk
Activities singled out for emphasis · Pattern 1 3 of 3
A named topic
*スポーツ の 話 と 来たら、すぐ ねっ中してしまう のですよ* means "When it comes to talking about sports, he gets absorbed right away."
The phrase before *と 来たら* names the focus. It can be a noun such as *日本料理* or an activity such as *日本語 の 勉強*.
- 58
ええ、スポーツのはなしときたら、すぐねっちゅうしてしまうのですよ。
Yes, when it comes to talking about sports, he gets absorbed in it right away.
ええ、yesスポーツsportsのabout話talkingとwhen it comes to来when it comes toたら、when it comes toすぐright awayねgets absorbedっgets absorbed中gets absorbedしgets absorbedてgets absorbedしまうgets absorbedのthe factですisよ。I tell you - 59
あそぶ
To play.
遊ぶplay - 60
たべる
To eat.
食べるeat - 61
スポーツ
Sports.
スポーツsports - 62
にほんごのべんきょう
Studying Japanese.
日本Japanese language語Japanese languageのof勉強studying - 63
にほんりょうり
Japanese cooking.
日本Japanese cooking料理Japanese cooking - 64
おぼえる
To remember.
おぼえるremember
- すぐ
- right away, immediately
- ね
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- しまう
- to put away
Port trade and shipbuilding · Reading Selection 1 of 2
From cotton imports to exports
*神戸港 は 古い 港 で、昔 から 輸入港 として 知られて いました* says that Kobe had long served as an import port.
Cotton for Osaka's textile industries passed through Kobe. After the war, exports increased to twice the volume of imports.
*神戸 で、もっとも さかんな 工業 は 造船業 で、酒造 も かなり さかんです* names shipbuilding and sake brewing as its strongest industries.
- 65
こうべこうはふるいみなとで、むかしからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていました。
The Port of Kobe is an old port and has been known as an import port since long ago.
神戸Port of Kobe港Port of Kobeはtopic古いold港portで、and昔long agoからsince輸入import port港import portとasしasてas知らwas knownれwas knownてwas knownいwas knownましwas knownた。was known - 66
ゆにゅうひんのおもなものはめんで、べいこく、インド、エジプトなどからゆにゅうしていました。
The principal import was cotton, which was imported from the United States, India, Egypt, and other countries.
輸入imported goods品imported goodsのof主なprincipal物thingはtopic綿cottonで、and米国、United Statesインド、IndiaエジプトEgyptなどand othersからfrom輸入were importedしwere importedてwere importedいwere importedましwere importedた。were imported - 67
おおさかはぼうせきぎょう、めんおりものぎょうがさかんですが、よいみなとがなかったので、そのげんりょうであるめんのゆにゅうはみなこうべをとおしたのです。
The spinning and cotton textile industries flourished in Osaka, but because it had no good port, all the cotton imported as raw material came through Kobe.
大阪Osakaはtopic紡績spinning industry業、spinning industry綿cotton textile industry織物cotton textile industry業cotton textile industryがsubjectさかんflourishingですisが、butよいgood港portがsubjectなかっdid not haveたdid not haveのbecauseで、becauseそのthat原料raw materialでwhich isあるwhich is綿cottonのof輸入importsはtopicみなall神戸Kobeをthrough通しcame throughたcame throughのthe factです。is - 68
まためんせいひんはこうべからふねにつんでゆしゅつしました。
Cotton products were also loaded onto ships in Kobe and exported.
又also綿cotton製品productsはtopic神戸Kobeからfrom船shipsにonto積んwere loadedでwere loaded輸出were exportedしwere exportedましwere exportedた。were exported - 69
だいにじせかいたいせんごはしゅうへんのこうぎょうのめざましいはったつによってゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいもぞうかし、こんにちでは、ゆにゅうこうとはいえなくなりました。
After the Second World War, the remarkable development of industry in the surrounding area caused exports to increase to twice the volume of imports, and today Kobe can no longer be called an import port.
第Second World War二Second World War次Second World War世界Second World War大戦Second World War後afterはtopic周辺surrounding areaのof工業industryのofめざましいremarkable発達developmentにbecause ofよっbecause ofてbecause of輸出exportsがsubject輸入importsのof倍twiceもeven増加increaseし、do今日todayでinは、topic輸入import port港import portとasはtopic言えbe calledなくno longerなりbecameましbecameた。became - 70
そして、ゆしゅつこうとして
And as an export port.
そして、and輸出export port港export portとasしasてas - 71
こうべはよこはまよりはるかにおおきくなりました。
Kobe has become much larger than Yokohama.
神戸Kobeはtopic横浜Yokohamaよりthanはるかmuchにmuch大きくlargerなりbecameましbecameた。became - 72
こうべで、もっともさかんなこうぎょうはぞうせんぎょうで、しゅぞうもかなりさかんです。
The most flourishing industry in Kobe is shipbuilding, and sake brewing is also quite active.
神戸Kobeで、inもっともmostさかんflourishingなflourishing工業industryはtopic造船shipbuilding industry業shipbuilding industryで、and酒造sake brewingもalsoかなりquiteさかんactiveです。is
- 品
- quality, goods
- 今日
- today
- もっとも
- extremely, the most
Scenic coasts and mountain views · Reading Selection 2 of 2
From the coast to the mountains
The passage moves from the coasts of Suma and Akashi to Mount Rokkoo and Mount Maya.
*右に あわじ島 が 見え、左に 大阪湾 に 沿って 発達した 大都市 が 見え* places Awaji Island on the right and cities on the left.
*と 来たら* emphasizes the night view in *特に 夜 の ながめ と 来たら、すばらしい もので*.
- 73
このちほういったいはなだのさけのさんちとしてゆうめいです。
This whole region is famous as a sake-producing area called Nada.
このthis地方whole region一whole regionたいwhole regionはtopicなだNadaの's酒sakeのof産地producing areaとasしasてas有名famousです。is - 74
このしゅうへんにはかんこうちとしてゆうめいなところは、ほとんどありません。
There are hardly any places in this area that are famous as sightseeing spots.
このthis周辺areaにinはtopic観光sightseeing spot地sightseeing spotとasしasてas有名famousなfamous所placesは、topicほとんどhardlyありthere are noneませthere are noneん。there are none - 75
しかし、むかしからすまやあかしのかいがんはけしきがよいので、しられています。
However, the coasts of Suma and Akashi have long been known for their beautiful scenery.
しかし、however昔long agoからfrom須磨Sumaやand明石Akashiの's海岸coastsはtopic景色sceneryがsubjectよいbeautifulのbecauseで、because知らare knownれare knownてare knownいare knownます。are known - 76
ろっこうざんはレクリエーションちで、ドライブ・ウェーやケーブルカーをりようしてのぼれば、ゴルフじょうもあります。
Mount Rokko is a recreation area, and if you go up by the driveway or cable car, there is also a golf course.
六甲Mount Rokko山Mount Rokkoはtopicレクリエーションrecreation area地recreation areaで、isドライブ・drivewayウェーdrivewayやorケーブルcable carカーcable carをobject利用useしdoてand登れclimbば、ifゴルフgolf course場golf courseもalsoありthere areます。polite - 77
そこからロープ・ウェーをりようして、まやさんにのぼると、みぎにあわじしまがみえ、ひだりにおおさかわんにそってはったつしただいとしがみえ、ゆうだいな
From there, if you take the ropeway up Mount Maya, you can see Awaji Island on the right and the large cities that have developed along Osaka Bay on the left, making a magnificent.
そこthereからfromロープ・ropewayウェーropewayをobject利用useしdoて、andまMount MayaやMount Maya山Mount Mayaにto登るclimbと、when右rightにonあわAwaji IslandじAwaji Island島Awaji Islandがsubject見え、can see左leftにon大阪Osaka Bay湾Osaka Bayにalong沿っalongてalong発達developしdoたpast大large cities都市large citiesがsubject見え、can seeゆうmagnificent大magnificentなmagnificent - 78
けしきです。
View.
景色viewです。is - 79
とくによるのながめときたら、すばらしいもので、なつにはすずみがてら、そこにいくひとがおおいそうです。
The night view in particular is splendid, and it is said that many people go there in summer while enjoying the cool air.
特にespecially夜nightの'sながめviewとas for来comesたら、whenすばらしいsplendidものthingで、is夏summerにinはtopicすずみcooling offがてら、whileそこthereにto行くgo人peopleがsubject多いmanyそうit is saidです。is
Port imports and cotton · Questions 1 of 2
Reasons for Kobe's trade
The questions ask what Kobe imported, where it came from, and why it passed through Kobe.
*輸入品 の 主な 物 は 何ですか* means "What was the principal import?" An answer names cotton.
Other answers connect Osaka's textile industries with Kobe's port and connect postwar industry with the increase in exports.
- 80
こうべこうはむかしからゆにゅうこうとしてしられていましたか。
Has the Port of Kobe been known as an import port since long ago?
神戸Port of Kobe港Port of Kobeはtopic昔long agoからsince輸入import port港import portとasしdoてas知らbeen knownれbeen knownてbeen knownいbeen knownましpoliteたpastか。question - 81
ゆにゅうひんのおもなものはなんですか。
What was the principal import?
輸入imports品importsのof主なprincipal物itemはtopic何whatですisか。question - 82
どこからゆにゅうしていましたか。
Where was it imported from?
どこwhereからfrom輸入importedしimportedてimportedいimportedましpoliteたpastか。question - 83
おおさかはどんなこうぎょうがさかんですか。
What kinds of industries flourish in Osaka?
大阪Osakaはtopicどんなwhat kinds of工業industriesがsubjectさかんflourishingですareか。question - 84
こんなこうぎょうのげんりょうはなんですか。
What is the raw material for these industries?
こんなthese工業industriesのof原料raw materialはtopic何whatですisか。question - 85
なぜめんのゆにゅうはこうべこうをとおしたのですか。
Why did imported cotton pass through the Port of Kobe?
なぜwhy綿cottonのof輸入importsはtopic神戸Port of Kobe港Port of Kobeをthrough通しpassたpastのthatですisか。question - 86
だいにじせかいたいせんごなぜゆしゅつがゆにゅうのばいにもぞうかしましたか。
Why did exports increase to twice the volume of imports after the Second World War?
第Second World War二Second World War次Second World War世界Second World War大戦Second World War後afterなぜwhy輸出exportsがsubject輸入importsのof倍twiceにtoもeven増加increaseしdoましpoliteたpastか。question
Port industries and attractions · Questions 2 of 2
Industries and views
The questions ask about Kobe's industries, the Nada production area, and nearby sights.
*神戸 で もっとも さかんな 工業 は 何ですか* means "What is the most flourishing industry in Kobe?" An answer names shipbuilding.
Answers about Mount Maya name Awaji Island on the right and the cities along Osaka Bay on the left.
- 87
こんにちではこうべはゆにゅうこうといえますか。
Can Kobe be called an import port today?
今日todayでtodayはtoday神戸Kobeはtopic輸入import port港import portとas言えcan be calledますpoliteか。question - 88
こうべでもっともさかんなこうぎょうはなんですか。
What is the most flourishing industry in Kobe?
神戸Kobeでinもっともmostさかんflourishingなflourishing工業industryはtopic何whatですisか。question - 89
このちほういったいはなんのさんちとしてゆうめいですか。
What product is this whole region famous for producing?
このthis地方whole region一whole regionたいwhole regionはtopic何whatのof産地production centerとasしdoてas有名famousですisか。question - 90
このしゅうへんにはかんこうちとしてゆうめいなところがありますか。
Are there any places in this area that are famous as sightseeing spots?
このthis周辺areaにinはtopic観光sightseeing spots地sightseeing spotsとasしdoてas有名famousなfamous所placesがsubjectありthere areますpoliteか。question - 91
すまやあかしのかいがんはどうですか。
What are the coasts of Suma and Akashi like?
須磨Sumaやand明石Akashiの's海岸coastsはtopicどうwhat likeですareか。question - 92
ろっこうやまはどんなところですか。
What kind of place is Mount Rokko?
六甲Mount Rokko山Mount Rokkoはtopicどんなwhat kind of所placeですisか。question - 93
まややまにのぼると、どこがみえますか。
What can you see when you climb Mount Maya?
まMount MayaやMount Maya山Mount Mayaにto登るclimbと、whenどこwhatがsubject見えcan seeますpoliteか。question
Import and textile terms · Word list 1 of 3
Imports, textiles, and exports
These words cover cotton imports, Osaka's textile industries, and manufactured exports.
*輸入港* means "port of import," while *輸出港* means "port of export." *製品* means "manufactured product."
The pair marks Kobe's change from receiving raw cotton to shipping manufactured products.
- 94
ふるくから
from antiquity
古くからfrom antiquity - 95
ゆにゅうこう
port of import
輸入港import port - 96
ぼうせきぎょう
cotton spinning industry
紡績業cotton spinning industry - 97
めんおりものぎょう
cotton textile industry
綿織物業cotton textile industry - 98
インド
India
インドIndia - 99
エジプト
Egypt
エジプトEgypt - 100
ぼうしょくぎょう
spinning and weaving industry
紡織業spinning and weaving industry - 101
こうべをとおしました
let it go through Kobe
神戸を通しましたpassed through Kobe - 102
せいひん
manufactured product
製品manufactured product - 103
しゅうへん
surrounding area
周辺surrounding area - 104
めざましい
eye-popping; remarkable
目ざましいremarkable - 105
ゆしゅつこう
port of export
輸出港export port
- 古くから
- from antiquity
- 輸入港
- port of import
- 紡績業
- cotton spinning industry
- 綿織物業
- cotton textile industry
- インド
- India
- 紡織業
- spinning and weaving industry
- 神戸を通しました
- let it go through Kobe
- 目ざましい
- eye-popping; remarkable
- 輸出港
- port of export
Industry, production and sightseeing · Word list 2 of 3
Industry and sightseeing
These words name Kobe's industries, production areas, and nearby places.
*造船業* means "shipbuilding industry," and *酒造* means "sake brewing." *観光地* means "sightseeing area."
Place names include *須磨*, a district in Kobe, and *六甲山*, Mount Rokkoo in Kobe.
- 106
はるかに
by far
はるかにby far - 107
ぞうせんぎょう
shipbuilding industry
造船業shipbuilding industry - 108
しゅぞう
sake making; sake brewing
酒造sake brewing - 109
いったい
area; belt
一たいarea - 110
このちほういったい
all around this area
この地方一たいall around this area - 111
なだ
P.N., Kobe area
なだKobe area - 112
さんち
production center; an area producing; the home
産地production center - 113
かんこうち
tourist attraction area; sightseeing area
観光地sightseeing area - 114
すま
P.N., a district in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)
須磨Suma district - 115
あかし
P.N.; a scenic place west of Kobe
明石Akashi - 116
ひめじ
P.N.; capital city of Hyogo Prefecture
姫路Himeji - 117
ろっこうやま
Mt. Rokkoo in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)
六甲山Mount Rokko
- はるかに
- by far
- 造船業
- shipbuilding industry
- 一たい
- anyway, -- on earth
- この地方一たい
- all around this area
- 観光地
- tourist attraction area; sightseeing area
- 六甲山
- Mt. Rokkoo in Kobe (See Cult. Notes)
Mountains, transport and summer cooling · Word list 3 of 3
Across the mountains
These words cover mountain transport, Awaji Island, Arima Hot Spring, and summer cooling.
*ロープ・ウェー* means "cable car," *あわじ島* means "Awaji Isle," and *有馬温泉* means "Arima Hot Spring."
*すずみ がてら* means "to enjoy the cool breeze." *---と 来たら* means "when it comes to."
- 118
ドライブ・ウェー
driveway (road)
ドライブ・ウェーdriveway - 119
ロープ・ウェー
cable car (suspension type)
ロープ・ウェーsuspended cable car - 120
まややま
Mount Maya
まや山Mount Maya - 121
あわじしま
Awaji Isle (See Cult. Notes)
あわじ島Awaji Island - 122
おおさかわん
Osaka Bay
大阪湾Osaka Bay - 123
すずみがてら
as a way of cooling off from the summer heat; to enjoy the cool breeze
すずみがてらcool off in summer - 124
すずむ
cool oneself from the summer heat (v.i.)
すずむcool oneself - 125
ありまおんせん
Arima Hotspring (See Cult. Notes)
有馬温泉Arima hot spring - 126
---ときたら
when it comes to ---- (See Gram Notes)
---と来たらwhen it comes to - 127
めしよりもすき
to like better than anything else
めしよりも好きlike best
Guide for Free Conversation
1 Topic title; Talk about Kobe
a(1) Industry
a(2) Export and import
a(3) Tourist attractions
a(4) Mt. Rokkoo
a(5) Compare Yokohama with Kobe
2 Visual Cues;
a Look at the map on page 130 and the pictures on pages 131 to 134 and talk about them.Homework
1 Memorize the Dialogue and the vocabulary.
2 Study the Grammar Perception Drill.
3 Study the Pattern Practice and do the exercise following each pattern.
4 Learn to read and write new Kanji.
5 Read the Explanatory Notes.
6 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given.- ドライブ・ウェー
- driveway (road)
- ロープ・ウェー
- cable car (suspension type)
- まや山
- Mount Maya
- あわじ島
- Awaji Isle (See Cult. Notes)
- 大阪湾
- Osaka Bay
- すずみがてら
- as a way of cooling off from the summer heat; to enjoy the cool breeze
- すずむ
- cool oneself from the summer heat (v.i.)
- 有馬温泉
- Arima Hotspring (See Cult. Notes)
- ---と来たら
- when it comes to ---- (See Gram Notes)
- めしよりも好き
- to like better than anything else
The particulars
- The course
- Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents