Japanese · Lesson 55
Lesson 55
Kanji and everyday Japanese
Living room size and features · Dialogue 1 of 4
Rooms measured by mats
The speakers compare a Western-style living room with an inner Japanese room.
*居間は 十畳ぐらいで 御ざいます* means "the living room is about a 10-mat room". The inner room is *八畳の 間*, "an eight-matted room".
*畳* is a mat. One *畳* is also the unit for the size of a matted room.
The alcove in the formal room
*ざしきには 床の 間が あり* means "the Japanese room has an alcove". The alcove is built into the wall.
Its raised floor may hold a vase, and a scroll may hang inside. The person in the place of honor sits with his back to it.
*畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけですか* asks whether the Japanese room is the only matted place.
Kanji: 畳, 応, 接, 床
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 1
いまのおおきさは。
What is the size of the living room?
居間living roomのof大きsizeさsizeは。topic - 2
いまはじゅうじょうぐらいでございますが、ようまですからおうせつしつにもつかえます。おくざしきははちじょうのままでございます。
The living room is about a 10-mat room, but since it is Western style, it can be used as a reception room. The inner Japanese room is an 8-mat room.
居間living roomはtopic十ten畳matsぐらいaboutでis御isざisいisますpoliteが、but洋間Western-style roomですisからbecause応接reception room室reception roomにasもalso使えcan useます。polite奥inner roomざしきinner roomはtopic八eight畳matsのof間roomでis御isざisいisます。polite - 3
たたみのしいてあるのはざしきだけですか。
Is ZASHIKI the only place where it is matted?
畳tatami matsのsubjectしいis laidてis laidあるis laidのoneはtopicざしきmatted roomだけonlyですisか。question - 4
そうです。そしてざしきにはとこのまがあり、そのとなりにちがいだながあります。
That's right, and it has an alcove and there is a shelf arranged stepwise next to it.
そうthat's rightです。isそしてandざしきmatted roomにinはtopic床alcoveのof間spaceがsubjectあり、existsそのthatとなりnext to itにatちがいstepped shelfだstepped shelfなstepped shelfがsubjectありexistsます。polite - 5
えんがわがありますか。
Does it have an open corridor?
えんがわverandaがsubjectありexistsますpoliteか。question
---NO WA --- DAKE DESU
The base form of verbs, I-adjectives, NA-adjectives, and suffixes + NO WA --- DAKE DESU expresses the idea of 'such and such (person or thing) is the only thing (one) that ---.'
Examples:
SORE O TABERU NO WA WATAKUSHI DAKE DESU. "I am the only one who eats it."
SAKANA O TABENAI NO WA SUMISU-SAN DAKE DESU. "Mr. Smith is the only one who doesn't eat fish."
NIHONGO O BENKYOO SHITA KOTO GA ARU NO WA PAAKAA-SAN DAKE DESU. "Mr. Parker is the only one who studied Japanese."
AKAI NO WA KORE DAKE DESU. "This is the only thing that is red."
JOOZU NA NO WA HANASU KOTO DAKE DESU. "Speaking is the only thing that I am good at."---BA ---HODO 'the more ---, the more ---'
A sequence containing the conditional form of a verb or an adjective plus the corresponding base form plus HODO, 'extent,' expresses the idea of 'the more X, the more Y.' For example, 'the bigger the better,' 'the higher, the fewer,' 'the more I see it, the more ---.'
Examples:
ATARASHIKEREBA ATARASHII HODO OISHII. "The fresher, the more delicious."
OOKIKEREBA OOKII HODO II DESU. "The bigger, the better."
NIHON NO HANASHI O KIKEBA KIKU HODO ITTE MITAKU NARIMASU. "The more I hear about Japan, the more I want to try and go."
NIHONGO WA BENKYOO SUREBA SURU HODO MUZUKASHIKU NARU YOO DESU. "It seems the more you study Japanese, the more difficult it becomes."
BENRI DE AREBA ARU HODO TAKAI DESU. "The more convenient it is, the more expensive it is."WAKE WA NAI (ARIMASEN) 'easy,' 'simple'
The expression WAKE WA NAI can be used as a predicate or adjective to mean 'such-and-such is easy' or 'easy such-and-such.'
Examples:
NARAU NO WA WAKE WA NAI (WAKE WA ARIMASEN). "It is easy to learn" or "Learning is easy."
KORE WA WAKE WA NAI KOTO DESU. "This is an easy matter."Use of WA
The particle WA occurs at the end of a sentence by itself before YO, NEE, and NE in the speech of women. It regularly follows (non-past and past inflected) words in the informal, plain, and polite style. It is a particle which indicates friendliness and assertiveness and some familiarity. Thus, whereas SOO DA is abrupt and masculine, SOO DA WA is friendly and feminine.
Examples:
| Men's Speech | Women's Speech
"I understand" | WAKARU YO. | WAKARU WA YO.
"I understood." | WAKATTA YO. | WAKATTA WA YO.
"Isn't it expensive?" | TAKAI NEE? | TAKAI WA NEE?
| Men's Speech | Women's Speech
"Wasn't it expensive?" | TAKAKATTA NEE? | TAKAKATTA WA NEE?
"That's right, isn't it?" | SOO DA NE? | SOO DESU WA NEE?
"It was strange, wasn't it?" | HEN DATTA NE? | HEN DATTA WA NE?
| Men | Women
"It's expensive." | TAKAI. | TAKAI WA.
"That's right." | SOO DA. | SOO DA WA.
"It's difficult." | MUZUKASHII. | MUZUKASHII WA.TOKONOMA
The TOKONOMA, an alcove, is built in the wall. It is usually either on the right or left side of the wall from which it is set back, but sometimes it is in the middle of the wall. The floor of the TOKONOMA is about 3 feet wide and 6 feet long, and about 5 inches above the TATAMI level of the room. It is covered either with a mat of fine quality or with boards of good quality. Since the TOKONOMA is the best part of the room, the choicest wood available is invariably used. Often a scroll bearing a calligraphic specimen of some kind, written in black India ink, or a scroll showing a Japanese style painting is hung in it. On the floor is placed a vase with flowers arranged gracefully in it or some other artistic ornament, or both. The occupant of the place of honor sits with his back to the TOKONOMA, so
that to the other guests he is framed by it.SHOOJI and FUSUMA
The SHOOJI is a paper sliding door, about six feet by three feet in size with white paper pasted on the outer side over the wooden latticework in a wooden frame. The paper used is not transparent, but admits just enough light to give the room a quiet and restful air.
The FUSUMA is about the same size as the SHOOJI. The FUSUMA latticework is pasted over on both sides with thick paper of a fine quality, bearing a painting or an ornamental design. The FUSUMA is usually used to screen off the rooms from each other.AMADO
One of the architectural features of a Japanese house that distinguishes it from other dwellings is the outer sliding doors called AMADO (rain doors), which are pulled out, one after another, along grooves from the door case in which they are boxed up during the day. Such shutters are used along the veranda or porch or in front of the windows and any other opening facing the garden or the street, and, when closed at night or during a stormy day, shelter the house from wind and rain and keep it secure from marauders.TATAMI
The TATAMI is a mat covered with a smooth pale green sheet of glossy mat rush. A TATAMI is usually six feet by three feet and about 2.4 inches thick. The sides of the TATAMI are usually bordered with a strip of cotton or hemp cloth, black or brown in color. The unit of size for measuring a matted room is the JOO. A JOO is the size of a TATAMI. Thus, we speak of 6-JOO, 8-JOO, 10-JOO, and 12-JOO rooms, meaning that the rooms have 6, 8, 10, and 12 mats respectively.- 居間
- parlor, living room
- の
- See Grammar Notes
- は。
- leaves
- 十
- ten
- 畳
- straw mat (See Cultural Notes)
- ぐらい
- about
- で
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- ます
- trout
- が、
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- 洋間
- Western style room
- です
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- から
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- に
- on (See Gram. Notes)
- ざしき
- matted room in a Japanese house
- 八
- eight
- ある
- certain, some
- だけ
- only, just (See Grammar Notes)
- か。
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- そう
- numerical counter for ships
- だ
- to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
- えんがわ
- open corridor, veranda
Upstairs rooms and facilities · Dialogue 2 of 4
Paper doors and room screens
The speakers discuss the rooms, doors, bedrooms, and facilities in a house.
*へやは しょうじと ふすまで しきってあります* means "the rooms are partitioned by paper sliding doors and sliding screens".
White paper covers the wooden latticework of a *しょうじ*. Thick paper covers both sides of a *ふすま*, which screens one room from another.
Outer shutters
*雨戸が あり* means "it has storm doors". *雨戸* are outer sliding shutters used along a veranda or an opening.
They stay in a door case during the day. They close at night or during storms to keep out wind and rain.
*たてますのは わけは ない* says that adding a facility is easy.
Kanji: 戸 to 様
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 6
はい、まわりえんになっております。あまどがあり、へやはしょうじとふすまでしきってあります。
Yes, it has an open corridor going around the side of the house. It has storm doors, and the rooms are partitioned by paper sliding doors and sliding screens.
はい、yesまわりwraparound verandaえんwraparound verandaにintoなっbecomeてandおりisます。polite雨戸storm doorsがsubjectあり、existへやroomsはtopicしょうじpaper sliding doorsとandふすまsliding screensでbyしきっpartitionedてandありareます。polite - 7
にかいのへやはみなわしつですか。
Are the rooms upstairs all Japanese rooms?
二second floor階second floorのofへやroomsはtopic皆all和室Japanese roomsですareか。question - 8
さようでございます。しんしつにつかっておりますが、しんだいははいっていません。
Yes, they are. They are used as bedrooms, but there are no beds in them.
左様that is soでis御isざisいisます。polite寝室bedroomsにas使っuseてandおりareますpoliteが、but寝台bedsはtopicはいっput inてstateいareませnot, politeん。not, polite - 9
にかいにはトイレもふろばもありますか。
Are there a toilet and a bathroom upstairs?
二second floor階second floorにonはtopicトイレtoiletもalsoふろ場bathroomもalsoありexistますpoliteか。question - 10
いいえ、ございませんが、たてますのはわけはないとかいっていました。
No, there are not, but they were saying that it is easy to add one to the building.
いいえ、no御areざareいareませnot, politeんnot, politeが、butたてadd onますpoliteのoneはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicないnoneとquoteかor something言っsaidてandいwereましpoliteた。past
- ます。
- trout
- 雨戸
- storm door, shutter ( See Cultural Notes)
- が
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- へや
- room
- は
- leaves
- しょうじ
- paper sliding door (See Cultural Notes)
- と
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- ふすま
- sliding screen (See Cultural Notes)
- 二
- two
- 和室
- Japanese room
- 寝室
- bedroom
- 寝台
- bed
- トイレ
- toilet
- ふろ場
- bathroom (for bathing only)
Comparing houses and kitchens · Dialogue 3 of 4
More houses, more confusion
The speakers discuss viewing a promising house and its storage. One speaker has been looking at houses every day.
*多く 見れば 見るほど まよってしまいます* means "the more I see, the more confused I get". The repeated forms link more seeing with more confusion.
- 11
なかなかよさそうないえですね。
It seems like a very nice house.
中々veryよさgoodそうseemsなlinking家houseですisね。right? - 12
ええ。なんでしたら、あしたいっしょにいってみましょう。
Yes. If it's all right with you, let's go take a look at it together tomorrow.
ええ。yes何whatでしisたら、if明日tomorrow一緒togetherにtogether行っgoてand見seeましょう。let's - 13
それはどうも。へんなもので、このごろまいにちいえをさがしてあるいているので、おおくみればみるほどまよってしまいます。
Thank you. It's a strange thing, but since I am looking around for a house everyday, the more I see, the more confused I get.
それthatはtopicどうthank youも。thank youへんstrangeなlinkingものthingで、butこのthese頃days毎日every day家houseをobjectさがしsearchてand歩いwalk aroundてandいるamのoneで、because多くmore見れseeばif見るseeほどthe moreまよっconfusedてandしまいcompletelyます。polite - 14
さようでございましょうね。このいえにはおしいれ、とだななどもおおきいのがありますし、べんりにできています。
I suppose so. This house has large closets and cupboards, and it's built very conveniently.
左様soでis御isざいisましょうprobablyね。right?このthis家houseにinはtopicおし入れ、closets戸だなcupboardsなどand so onもalso大きいlargeのonesがsubjectありexistますpoliteし、and便利convenientにly出来builtてandいisます。polite - 15
だいどころは。
What about the kitchen?
台所kitchenは。topic
- 中々
- considerably, very
- 家
- house, home
- ね。
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- ええ。
- Yes
- 明日
- tomorrow
- ましょう。
- let's (See Gram. Notes)
- もの
- things (tangible)
- で、
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- 頃
- approximate point of time (See Gram. Notes)
- を
- particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
- いる
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
- ほど
- to the extent (See Grammar Notes)
- おし入れ、
- closet
- 戸だな
- cupboard
- など
- and so forth, etc.
- し、
- city
- 台所
- kitchen
Kitchen features and viewing plans · Dialogue 4 of 4
A friendly promise
The kitchen has a gas stove, an electric refrigerator, storage, and a stainless steel sink. The listener decides to view the house.
*明日 御案内 いたしますわ* means "I'll take you to see it tomorrow". The final particle *わ* makes the woman's statement friendly and assertive.
In women's speech, *わ* can end a sentence or stand before *YO*, *NEE*, and *NE*. It can follow plain or polite forms.
- 16
おだいどころにはガスこんろやでんきれいぞうこもありますし、たな、とだななどもじゅうぶんあり、ながしもステンレスでございます。
The kitchen has a gas stove and an electric refrigerator, and furthermore, it has plenty of shelves and cupboards and the sink is stainless steel.
おhonorable台所kitchenにinはtopicガスgas stoveこんろgas stoveやand電気electric refrigeratorれいぞうelectric refrigeratorこelectric refrigeratorもalsoありexistますpoliteし、andたな、shelves戸だなcupboardsなどand so onもalsoじゅうplenty分plentyあり、existながしsinkもalsoステンレスstainless steelでis御isざisいisます。polite - 17
おはなしをきいただけで、きにいってしまいました。
I am very pleased with it just by listening to you talk.
おhonorable話talkをobject聞いheardたpastだけjustで、by気likingにinto入っpleasedてandしまいcompletelyましpoliteた。past - 18
では、あしたごあんないいたしますわ。
Well, then, I'll take you to see it tomorrow.
でthenは、topic明日tomorrow御honorable案内guideいたしdo humblyますpoliteわ。emphasis - 19
おねがいいたします。かないもつれてまいります。
Please. I'll take my wife along, too.
おpoliteねがいrequestいたしdo humblyます。polite家内my wifeもalsoつれtake alongてand参りgo humblyます。polite - 20
どうぞ。
Please do.
どうぞ。please do
- や
- and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
- たな、
- shelf
- 分
- minute
- ながし
- sink
- ステンレス
- stainless steel
- 話
- story, talk
- わ。
- counter for birds (See Gram. Notes)
Saying who alone does something · Perception drill, Block 2
The only one who knows
*知っているのは 私 だけです* means "I am the only one who knows". The description comes before *のは*, and the sole person comes before *だけです*.
The only thing described
A verb, I-adjective, NA-adjective, or suffix in its base form can come before *のは*. *だけです* follows the sole person or thing.
*私が 話せるのは 英語 だけです* means "the only language I can speak is English".
*私 だけ 洋服を 着ていました* places *だけ* directly after the person. It means "only I was wearing Western clothes".
- 21
しっているのはわたくしだけです。
I am the only one who knows." (The one who knows is only I.)
知っknowてandいるdoesのoneはtopic私Iだけonlyです。is - 22
べんきょうしないのはスミスさんだけです。
The only one who does not study is Mr. Smith.
勉強studyしdoないnotのoneはtopicスミスSmithさんMr.だけonlyです。is - 23
スミスさんだけべんきょうしません。
Only Mr. Smith does not study.
スミスSmithさんMr.だけonly勉強studyしdoませnot, politeん。not, polite - 24
いまさいているのはさくらのはなだけです。
The only flowers blooming now are cherry blossoms.
今nowさいbloomてandいるareのonesはtopicさくらcherryのof花flowersだけonlyです。are - 25
いまさくらのはなだけさいています。
Only the cherry blossoms are blooming now.
今nowさくらcherryのof花flowersだけonlyさいbloomてandいareます。polite - 26
にほんへいったことのあるのはジョンズさんだけです。
The only one who has been to Japan is Mr. Jones.
日本Japanへtoward行っgoたpast事experienceのofあるhasのoneはtopicジョンズJonesさんMr.だけonlyです。is - 27
ジョンズさんだけにほんへいったことがあります。
Only Mr. Jones has been to Japan.
ジョンズJonesさんMr.だけonly日本Japanへtoward行っgoたpast事experienceがsubjectありhaveます。polite - 28
わたくしがはなせるのはえいごだけです。
The only language I can speak is English.
私Iがsubject話せるcan speakのoneはtopic英語Englishだけonlyです。is - 29
わたくしはえいごだけはなせます。
I can speak only English.
私Iはtopic英語Englishだけonly話せcan speakます。polite - 30
ようふくをきていたのはわたくしだけです。
I was the only one wearing Western clothes.
洋服Western clothesをobject着wearてandいwasたpastのoneはtopic私Iだけonlyです。was - 31
わたくしだけようふくをきていました。
Only I was wearing Western clothes.
私Iだけonly洋服Western clothesをobject着wearてandいwasましpoliteた。past
- です。
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- し
- city
- さくら
- cherry (flower)
- へ
- to (See Gram. Notes)
- 話せる
- to be able to speak
The more, the more · Perception drill, Block 4
More seeing, more interest
*見れば 見るほど おもしろく なります* means "the more you see it, the more interesting it gets".
The conditional and base forms of *見る* stand together before *ほど*. The result states the corresponding change.
The repeated form
A conditional verb or adjective is followed by its matching base form and *ほど*. This sequence means "the more X, the more Y".
*新しければ 新しいほど おいしいです* means "the fresher it is, the more delicious it is". An I-adjective uses the same pattern.
- 32
みればみるほどおもしろくなります。
The more you see it, the more interesting it gets.
見れseeばif見るseeほどthe moreおもしろくinterestingなりbecomeます。polite - 33
かんじはかけばかくほどじょうずになります。
The more you write kanji, the better you become at it.
かん字kanjiはtopic書けwriteばif書くwriteほどthe more上手skillfulにlyなりbecomeます。polite - 34
たべればたべるほどおおきくなります。
The more you eat, the bigger you become.
食べれeatばif食べるeatほどthe more大きくbiggerなりbecomeます。polite - 35
えいがはみればみるほどみたくなります。
The more movies I see, the more I want to see them.
映画moviesはtopic見れseeばif見るseeほどthe more見seeたくwant toなりbecomeます。polite - 36
あたらしければあたらしいほどおいしいです。
The fresher it is, the more delicious it is.
新しけれfreshばif新しいfreshほどthe moreおいしいdeliciousです。is - 37
かんがえればかんがえるほどむずかしくなります。
The more I think about it, the more difficult it becomes.
かんがえれthinkばifかんがえるthinkほどthe moreむずかしくdifficultなりbecomeます。polite - 38
にほんごははなせばはなすほどじょうずになります。
The more you speak Japanese, the better you become at it.
日本Japanese語Japaneseはtopic話せspeakばif話すspeakほどthe more上手skillfulにintoなりbecomeます。become
- 上手
- skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)
- 映画
- movie
- おいしい
- tasty, delicious
- かんがえる
- to think
Saying something is easy · Perception drill, Block 6
An easy action
*ひらがなを 習うのは わけは ありません* means "learning hiragana is easy". The action comes before *のは*, followed by the polite expression for ease.
An easy matter
*わけは ない* and *わけは ありません* can serve as the predicate meaning "easy".
*それを なおすのは わけは ない 事です* means "fixing it is an easy matter". Before *事*, *わけは ない* describes the matter.
- 39
それはわけはありません。
That is easy.
それthatはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 40
ひらがなをならうのはわけはありません。
Learning hiragana is easy.
ひらがなhiraganaをobject習うlearnのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 41
すきやきをりょうりするのはわけはありません。
Cooking sukiyaki is easy.
すきやきsukiyakiをobjectりょうりcookするcookのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 42
それをなおすのはわけはないことです。
Fixing it is an easy matter.
それitをobjectなおすfixのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicないnone事matterです。is - 43
かんじをよむのはわけはないが、かくのはむずかしい。
Reading kanji is easy, but writing it is difficult.
かん字kanjiをobject読むreadのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicないnoneが、but書くwriteのthe actはtopicむずかしい。difficult - 44
わたくしにはたばこをやめるのはわけはない。
For me, quitting smoking is easy.
私meにforはtopicたばこsmokingをobjectやめるquitのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicない。none - 45
にほんごをえいごにやくすのはわけはありませんが、えいごをにほんごにやくすのはむずかしいです。
Translating Japanese into English is easy, but translating English into Japanese is difficult.
日本Japanese語Japaneseをobject英語Englishにintoやくすtranslateのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneんthere is noneが、but英語Englishをobject日本Japanese語Japaneseにintoやくすtranslateのthe actはtopicむずかしいdifficultです。is
- ひらがな
- HIRAGANA syllabary
- すきやき
- SUKIYAKI
- なおす
- to correct, mend, repair (v.t.)
- むずかしい。
- difficult
- たばこ
- tobacco, cigarette
- やめる
- to quit
- やくす
- to translate (v.t.)
Identifying the only one · Pattern 1 1 of 2
The only place
*畳の しいてあるのは ざしき だけです* means "the Japanese room is the only place where it is matted".
This uses the *のは* and *だけです* pattern from *知っているのは 私 だけです*.
The only red one
*赤いのは これ だけです* means "this is the only red one".
*さかなを 食べないのは スミスさん だけです* means "the only one who does not eat fish is Mr. Smith".
- 46
たたみのしいてあるのはざしきだけです。
ZASHIKI is the only place where it is matted.
畳tatami matsのofしいis laidてis laidあるis laidのplaceはtopicざしきmatted roomだけonlyです。is - 47
いえのなかにたたみをしくのはにほんだけです。
Japan is the only country where tatami mats are laid inside the house.
家houseのof中insideにin畳tatami matsをobjectしくlayのplaceはtopic日本Japanだけonlyです。is - 48
さかなをたべないのはスミスさんだけです。
The only one who does not eat fish is Mr. Smith.
さかなfishをobject食べdoes not eatないdoes not eatのoneはtopicスミスMr. SmithさんMr. Smithだけonlyです。is - 49
ジョンズさんをしっているのはわたくしだけです。
I am the only one who knows Mr. Jones.
ジョンズMr. JonesさんMr. Jonesをobject知っknowsてknowsいるknowsのoneはtopic私Iだけonlyです。am - 50
はやくかえったのはあのひとだけです。
That person was the only one who went home early.
早くearly帰っwent homeたwent homeのoneはtopicあのthat person人that personだけonlyです。was - 51
あかいのはこれだけです。
This is the only red one.
赤いredのoneはtopicこれthisだけonlyです。is - 52
わたくしがきらいなのはにんじんだけです。
The only thing I dislike is carrots.
私Iがsubjectきらいdislikeなdislikeのthingはtopic人carrotsじんcarrotsだけonlyです。are
- しく
- to lay, spread
- さかな
- fish
- 人
- people
- きらい
- dislike (See Gram. Notes)
Asking who alone qualifies · Pattern 1 2 of 2
Is he the only one
*今日 学校を 休んでいるのは ジョンズさん だけですか* means "is Mr. Jones the only one absent from school today?"
*スミスさんも 休んでいますよ* rejects that limit: "Mr. Smith is absent too".
Only one in the answer
*ふとっているのは 長男 だけです* means "only my eldest son is stout".
Here the answer names one son as the only person with the stated quality.
- 53
しろいくつがありますか。
Do you have any white shoes?
白いwhiteくつshoesがsubjectありhaveますhaveか。question - 54
しろいのはこれだけです。みなうりきれました。
This is the only white pair. All the others have sold out.
白いwhiteのpairはtopicこれthisだけonlyです。is皆all the others売り切れsold outましsold outた。sold out - 55
きょうがっこうをやすんでいるのはジョンズさんだけですか。
Is Mr. Jones the only one absent from school today?
今日today学校schoolをfrom休んis absentでis absentいるis absentのoneはtopicジョンズMr. JonesさんMr. Jonesだけonlyですisか。question - 56
いいえ、スミスさんもやすんでいますよ。
No, Mr. Smith is absent too.
いいえ、noスミスMr. SmithさんMr. Smithもalso休んis absentでis absentいis absentますis absentよ。I tell you - 57
おたくのおこさんはみなふとっているのですか。
Are all your children stout?
おyour home宅your homeの'sおchildren子childrenさんchildrenはtopic皆allふとっare stoutてare stoutいるare stoutのonesですareか。question - 58
いいえ、ふとっているのはちょうなんだけです。
No, only my eldest son is stout.
いいえ、noふとっis stoutてis stoutいるis stoutのoneはtopic長男eldest sonだけonlyです。is
- くつ
- shoes
- 今日
- today
- 長男
- eldest son
Increasing change through repetition · Pattern 2 1 of 3
Action and result increase together
*歩けば 歩くほど 足が つよく なります* means "the more you walk, the stronger your legs become".
This is the increasing comparison used in *かん字は 書けば 書くほど 上手に なります*.
Increasing qualities
*ダイアログが 短かければ 短かいほど 生徒は よろこびます* means "the shorter the dialogue is, the happier the students are".
*ゆうびん切手は 古ければ 古いほど 高いです* compares greater age with greater price.
- 59
かんじはかけばかくほどじょうずになります。
The more you write kanji, the better you get.
かん字kanjiはtopic書けwriteばif書くwriteほどthe more上手skillfulにintoなりbecomeます。become - 60
あるけばあるくほどあしがつよくなります。
The more you walk, the stronger your legs become.
歩けwalkばif歩くwalkほどthe more足legsがsubjectつよくstrongなりbecomeます。become - 61
ゴルフはれんしゅうすればするほどじょうずになります。
The more you practice golf, the better you become at it.
ゴルフgolfはtopicれんpractice習practiceすれpracticeばifするpracticeほどthe more上手skillfulにintoなりbecomeます。become - 62
くつはみがけばみがくほどひかります。
The more you polish shoes, the more they shine.
くつshoesはtopicみがけpolishばifみがくpolishほどthe moreひかりshineます。polite - 63
ダイアログがみじかければみじかいほどせいとはよろこびます。
The shorter the dialogue is, the happier the students are.
ダイアログdialogueがsubject短かけれshortばif短かいshortほどthe more生徒studentsはtopicよろこびare happierます。are happier - 64
ゆうびんきってはふるければふるいほどたかいです。
The older a postage stamp is, the more expensive it is.
ゆうびんpostage stamp切手postage stampはtopic古けれoldばif古いoldほどthe more高いexpensiveです。is - 65
こづつみはかるければかるいほどりょうきんがやすいです。
The lighter a parcel is, the lower the postage is.
小包parcelはtopicかるけれlightばifかるいlightほどthe more料金postageがsubject安いlowです。is
- つよく
- strong
- ゴルフ
- golf
- みがく
- to polish, brush
- ダイアログ
- dialogue
- ゆうびん
- postal service
- 切手
- postage stamp
- 古い
- old, antique
- 小包
- parcel, small package
- かるい
- light
- 料金
- fee, charge
Comparing repeated actions · Pattern 2 2 of 3
A reply with increasing change
*言葉は 使えば 使うほど よく おぼえるのです* means "the more you use a language, the better you remember it".
This is the increasing comparison used again in *みがけば みがくほど きれいに なります*.
More polishing and listening
*みがけば みがくほど きれいに なります* means "the more you polish it, the more beautiful it becomes".
*聞けば 聞くほど おもしろく なります* means "the more you listen to him, the more interesting it becomes".
- 66
ことばはいつもつかわないと、わすれてしまいますね。
If you do not use a language all the time, you forget it, don’t you?
言葉languageはtopicいつall the timeもall the time使わdo not useないdo not useと、ifわすれforget completelyてforget completelyしまいforget completelyますforget completelyね。right? - 67
ええ、ことばはつかえばつかうほどよくおぼえるのです。
Yes, the more you use a language, the better you remember it.
ええ、yes言葉languageはtopic使えuseばif使うuseほどthe moreよくbetterおぼえるrememberのindeedです。is - 68
このテーブルはきれいにみがいてありますね。
This table has been polished beautifully, hasn’t it?
このthisテーブルtableはtopicきれいbeautifulにbeautifullyみがいhas been polishedてhas been polishedありhas been polishedますhas been polishedね。right? - 69
ええ、みがけばみがくほどきれいになります。
Yes, the more you polish it, the more beautiful it becomes.
ええ、yesみがけpolishばifみがくpolishほどthe moreきれいbeautifulにintoなりbecomesます。becomes - 70
たなかさんははなしがじょうずですね。
Mr. Tanaka is a good speaker, isn’t he?
田中Mr. TanakaさんMr. Tanakaはtopic話speakingがsubject上手skillfulですisね。right? - 71
ほんとうにじょうずですね。きけばきくほどおもしろくなります。
He really is. The more you listen to him, the more interesting it becomes.
本reallyとうreallyにreally上手skillfulですisね。right?聞けlistenばif聞くlistenほどthe moreおもしろくinterestingなりbecomesます。becomes - 72
かく
To write.
書くwrite
- いつ
- when?
- と、
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- ええ、
- Yes
- 使う
- to use, employ
- よく
- well, skillfully
- おぼえる
- to memorize, remember (v.t.)
- 本
- numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)
Verbs and adjectives for comparisons · Pattern 2 3 of 3
Predicates for increasing comparisons
*れん習する* means "to practice", and *食べる* means "to eat". These verbs can supply the repeated predicate in an increasing comparison.
*安い*, "inexpensive", and *新しい*, "new", supply I-adjectives for the same comparison.
Calling tasks easy · Pattern 3 1 of 2
An easy task
*お金を かりるのは わけは ありません* means "borrowing money is easy".
It uses the expression for ease in *これは わけは ありません*.
An easy matter
*これを 明日までに すませるのは わけは ない 事です* means "finishing this by tomorrow is an easy matter".
*この自動車を なおすのは わけは ない* means "fixing this automobile is easy".
- 80
これはわけはありません。
This is easy.
これthisはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 81
おかねをかりるのはわけはありません。
Borrowing money is easy.
おmoney金moneyをobjectかりるborrowのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 82
そのしつもんにこたえるのはわけはありません。
Answering that question is easy.
そのthatしつもんquestionにto答えるanswerのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicありthere is noneませthere is noneん。there is none - 83
これをあしたまでにすませるのはわけはないことです。
Finishing this by tomorrow is an easy matter.
これthisをobject明日tomorrowまでbyにbyすまfinishせるfinishのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicないnone事matterです。is - 84
このじどうしゃをなおすのはわけはない。
Fixing this automobile is easy.
このthis自動car車carをobjectなおすfixのthe actはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicない。none - 85
べいこくからにほんまでひこうきでいけばわけはない。
It is easy if you go by plane from the United States to Japan.
米国United Statesからfrom日本Japanまでto飛行airplane機airplaneでby行けgoばifわけdifficultyはtopicない。none - 86
きょうのしゅくだいはわけはない。
Today's homework is easy.
今日todayの's宿題homeworkはtopicわけdifficultyはtopicない。none
- かりる
- to borrow, rent
- しつもん
- question
- まで
- as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)
- 車
- vehicle, car
- 宿題
- homework
Answering whether tasks are easy · Pattern 3 2 of 2
Easy under a condition
*自動車で 行けば わけは ありません* means "if you go by car, it is no trouble".
The answer uses the expression for ease in *自動車で 行けば わけは ありません*.
An easy thing to do
*それは わけは ない 事です* means "that is an easy thing to do".
The same answer follows the requests to learn ten kanji each day and finish work by Saturday.
- 87
たなかさんのいえまでとおいですか。
Is it far to Mr. Tanaka's house?
田中Mr. TanakaさんMr. Tanakaの's家houseまでto遠いfarですisか。question - 88
かなりとおいですが、じどうしゃでいけばわけはありません。
It is quite far, but if you go by car, it is no trouble.
かなりquite遠いfarですisが、but自動car車carでby行けgoばifわけtroubleはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 89
あなたはまいにちかんじがじゅうならえますか。
Can you learn ten kanji every day?
あなたyouはtopic毎日every dayかん字kanjiがsubject十ten習えcan learnますpoliteか。question - 90
ええ、それはわけはないことです。
Yes, that is an easy thing to do.
ええ、yesそれthatはtopicわけtroubleはtopicないnone事thingです。is - 91
これをどようびまでにすませてくださいませんか。
Could you finish this by Saturday?
これthisをobject土曜Saturday日Saturdayまでuntilにbyすまfinishせfinishてfinishくださいpleaseませnot, politeんnot, politeか。question - 92
ええ、それはわけはないことです。
Yes, that is an easy thing to do.
ええ、yesそれthatはtopicわけtroubleはtopicないnone事thingです。is
- 遠い
- far
- かなり
- fairly
- ください
- please give me (See Gram. Notes)
Traditional rooms and alcoves · Reading Selection 1 of 2
Rooms divided by screens
The passage describes the rooms of a Japanese house. *和室は 大抵 ふすまで、 二間 又は 三間に しきられます* means "Japanese-style rooms are usually divided by sliding screens into two or three rooms".
*ふすま* are the sliding screens that divide the rooms.
The room with the alcove
*床の 間のある へやは 日本風の 家では 一番 いい へやです* means "in a Japanese-style house, the room with the alcove is the best room".
*床の 間* is the alcove. A stepped shelf stands beside it.
- 93
にほんのいえにはたいていげんかんがあります。
Japanese houses usually have an entryway.
日本Japaneseのof家housesにinはtopic大抵usuallyげんかんentrywayがsubjectありhaveます。polite - 94
げんかんからざしきにあがるのです。
You step up from the entryway into the Japanese-style room.
げんかんentrywayからfromざしきJapanese-style roomにinto上るstep upのthe fact thatです。is - 95
わしつはたいていふすまで、ふたままたはみまにしきられます。
Japanese-style rooms are usually divided by sliding screens into two or three rooms.
和室Japanese-style roomsはtopic大抵usuallyふすまsliding screensで、by二two間rooms又orはor三three間roomsにintoしきらdividedれareます。polite - 96
ひとまはいまにつかわれます。
One room is used as a living room.
一one room間one roomはtopic居間living roomにas使わusedれisます。polite - 97
あるいえではいまはようふうです。
In some houses, the living room is Western style.
あるsome家housesでinはtopic居間living roomはtopic洋風Western styleです。is - 98
わしつにはとこのまがあり、そのそばにちがいだながあります。
A Japanese-style room has an alcove, with a shelf arranged stepwise beside it.
和室Japanese-style roomにinはtopic床alcoveのalcove間alcoveがsubjectあり、hasそのthatそばbesideにatちがいtiered shelfだtiered shelfなtiered shelfがsubjectありexistsます。polite - 99
とこのまのあるへやはにほんふうのいえではいちばんいいへやです。
In a Japanese-style house, the room with the alcove is the best room.
床alcoveのalcove間alcoveのsubjectあるhavingへやroomはtopic日本Japanese-style風Japanese-styleのof家houseでinはtopic一番mostいいgoodへやroomです。is
- げんかん
- entrance of the house
- 上る
- to eat, drink, come
- 三
- three
- 一
- one
- 洋風
- Western style
- そば
- vicinity
- 一番
- number one (See Grammar Notes)
- いい
- good (See Gram. Notes)
Mats, bedrooms and modern kitchens · Reading Selection 2 of 2
Sliding doors and room size
*えんがわと ざしきは しょうじで しきられています* means "the corridor and the Japanese-style room are separated by paper sliding doors".
*へやの 大きさは 畳の かずで わかるのです* says that the number of mats gives a room's size.
Bedrooms and modern kitchens
Almost any Japanese-style room can serve as a bedroom, but it usually has no bed.
*ガスこんろ、 電気れいぞうこ* are "a gas stove and an electric refrigerator". Modern kitchens can also have an electric washing machine and ample storage.
- 100
いえのまわりにはえんがわがあって、えんがわとざしきはしょうじでしきられています。
There is an open corridor around the house, and the corridor and the Japanese-style room are separated by paper sliding doors.
家houseのofまわりaroundにinはtopicえんがわopen corridorがsubjectあっthere isて、there isえんがわopen corridorとandざしきJapanese-style roomはtopicしょうじpaper sliding doorsでbyしきらare separatedれare separatedてare separatedいare separatedます。are separated - 101
わしつはほとんどどのへやでもしんしつにつかうことができますが、しんだいはたいていはいっていません。
Almost any Japanese-style room can be used as a bedroom, but there is usually no bed in it.
和室Japanese-style roomsはtopicほとんどalmostどのanyへやroomでinもalso寝室bedroomにas使うuse事thingがsubject出来canますpoliteが、but寝台bedはtopic大抵usuallyはいっis not presentてis not presentいis not presentませis not presentん。is not present - 102
わしつには
As for Japanese-style rooms...
和室Japanese-style roomsにinはtopic - 103
たたみがしいてあって、ろくじょうのま、はちじょうのまというように、へやのおおきさはたたみのかずでわかるのです。
Tatami mats are laid in them, and a room's size is known by the number of mats, as in a six-mat room or an eight-mat room.
畳tatami matsがsubjectしいてare laidあっare laidて、are laid六six-mat畳six-matのof間、room八eight-mat畳eight-matのof間roomとquote言うsayようwayに、inへやroomのof大きsizeさsizeはtopic畳tatami matsのofかずnumberでbyわかるis knownのthe factです。is - 104
たたみがはちまいしいてあれば、それははちじょうのまです。
If eight tatami mats are laid in a room, it is an eight-mat room.
畳tatami matsがsubject八eight枚mat counterしare laidいare laidてare laidあれare laidば、ifそれitはtopic八eight-mat畳eight-matのof間roomです。is - 105
このごろのにほんのいえはだいどころがたいへんモダンになって、ガスこんろ、でんきれいぞうこなどがあり、またあるいえでは、でんきせんたくきがあります。
Nowadays, kitchens in Japanese houses have become very modern, with gas stoves, electric refrigerators, and, in some houses, electric washing machines.
この頃nowadaysのof日本Japaneseのof家housesはtopic台所kitchensがsubject大へんveryモダンmodernにintoなっhave becomeて、have becomeガスgasこんろ、stoves電気electric refrigeratorsれいぞうelectric refrigeratorsこelectric refrigeratorsなどand so onがsubjectあり、there are又alsoあるsome家housesでinは、topic電気electric washing machinesせんたくelectric washing machines機electric washing machinesがsubjectありexistます。polite - 106
たな、とだななどもじゅうぶんあるし、ながしもたいていステンレスです。
There are also plenty of shelves and cupboards, and the sinks are usually stainless steel.
たshelvesな、shelves戸だなcupboardsなどand so onもalsoじゅうplenty分plentyあるthere areし、andながしsinksもalso大抵usuallyステンレスstainless steelです。are
- ほとんど
- almost (See Gram. Notes)
- どの
- which (pre-substantive) (See Notes)
- 六
- six
- 言う
- to say
- かず
- number
- この頃
- these days, nowadays
- 大へん
- very
- モダン
- modern
Room divisions and sleeping spaces · Questions 1 of 2
How the rooms are arranged
The questions ask about entryways, room divisions, the alcove, the corridor, and bedrooms.
*日本の ざしきは 大抵 何で しきられていますか* means "what are Japanese-style rooms usually partitioned by?" An answer names the sliding screens.
*床の 間は どこに ありますか* asks for the alcove's location. The answer places it in a Japanese-style room.
- 107
にほんのざしきはたいていなんでしきられていますか
What are Japanese-style rooms usually partitioned by?
日本JapaneseのofざしきJapanese-style roomsはtopic大抵usually何whatでbyしきらare partitionedれare partitionedてare partitionedいare partitionedますare partitionedかquestion - 108
にほんのいえはどこからざしきにあがりますか。
From where do you step up into the Japanese-style rooms in a Japanese house?
日本Japaneseのof家houseはtopicどこwhereからfromざしきJapanese-style roomsにinto上りstep upますpoliteか。question - 109
とこのまはどこにありますか。
Where is the alcove?
床alcoveのalcove間alcoveはtopicどこwhereにatありisますpoliteか。question - 110
いえのまわりにはなにがありますか。
What is there around the house?
家houseのofまわりaroundにinはtopic何whatがsubjectありexistsますpoliteか。question - 111
えんがわとざしきはなんでしきられていますか。
What separates the open corridor from the Japanese-style room?
えんがわopen corridorとandざしきJapanese-style roomはtopic何whatでbyしきらare separatedれare separatedてare separatedいare separatedますare separatedか。question - 112
わしつはどのへやでもしんしつにつかうことができますか。
Can any Japanese-style room be used as a bedroom?
和室Japanese-style roomsはtopicどのanyへやroomでinもalso寝室bedroomにas使うuse事thingがsubject出来canますpoliteか。question - 113
にほんのいえではたいていしんだいをつかいますか。
Do people usually use beds in Japanese houses?
日本Japaneseのof家housesでinはtopic大抵usually寝台bedsをobject使いuseますpoliteか。question
- か
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
Room size and kitchen equipment · Questions 2 of 2
Mats and kitchen equipment
The questions ask what covers a Japanese-style room, how mats give its size, and what a modern kitchen contains.
*六畳の 間には 畳が 何枚 しいてありますか* means "how many tatami mats are laid in a six-mat room?" The answer gives six mats.
*モダンな 台所には、 どんな 電気きぐが ありますか* asks for the electrical appliances in a modern kitchen.
- 114
わしつにはなにがしいてありますか。
What is laid in Japanese-style rooms?
和室Japanese-style roomsにinはtopic何whatがsubjectしいてlaidありisますpoliteか。question - 115
わしつのおおきさはなんでわかりますか。
How can you tell the size of a Japanese-style room?
和室Japanese-style roomのof大きsizeさsizeはtopic何whatでbyわかりcan tellますpoliteか。question - 116
ろくじょうのまにはたたみがなんまいしいてありますか。
How many tatami mats are laid in a six-mat room?
六six-mat畳six-matのof間roomにinはtopic畳tatami matsがsubject何how many枚mat counterしare laidいare laidてare laidありare laidますpoliteか。question - 117
このごろのにほんのいえはだいどころがモダンになりましたか。
Have the kitchens in Japanese houses become modern nowadays?
この頃nowadaysのof日本Japaneseのof家housesはtopic台所kitchensがsubjectモダンmodernにintoなりbecomeましpoliteたpastか。question - 118
モダンなだいどころには、どんなでんききぐがありますか。
What kinds of electrical appliances are there in a modern kitchen?
モダンmodernなmodern台所kitchenにinは、topicどんなwhat kinds of電気electrical appliancesきぐelectrical appliancesがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 119
たな、とだななどがじゅうぶんありますか。
Are there plenty of shelves, cupboards, and so on?
たshelvesな、shelves戸だなcupboardsなどand so onがsubjectじゅうplenty分plentyありexistますpoliteか。question
- どんな
- what kind of; what sort of
Room size and alcove words · Word list 1 of 5
Room size and the alcove
These words cover matted rooms and their formal features. *十畳* is "ten mats", and *八畳の間* is "an eight-matted room".
*床の間* is "an alcove". The entries connect a room's mat count with its size and features.
- 120
じゅうじょう
ten mats
十畳ten mats - 121
はちじょうのま
eight-matted room
八畳の間eight-mat room - 122
---じょう
counter for counting mats
---畳mat counter - 123
おおきさ
size
大きさsize - 124
おうせつしつ
reception room, drawing room
応接室reception room - 125
おくざしき
inner room
奥ざしきinner room - 126
たたみ
straw mat (See Cultural Notes)
畳straw mat - 127
しく
to lay, spread
しくlay - 128
--のは--だけです
--is the only one that -- (See Grammar Notes)
--のは--だけですis the only one - 129
とこのま
alcove (See Cultural Notes)
床の間alcove - 130
ちがいだな
shelf arranged stepwise
ちがいだなtiered shelf
- 十畳
- ten mats
- 八畳の間
- eight-matted room
- ---畳
- counter for counting mats
- 大きさ
- size
- 応接室
- reception room, drawing room
- 奥ざしき
- inner room
- --のは--だけです
- --is the only one that -- (See Grammar Notes)
- 床の間
- alcove (See Cultural Notes)
- ちがいだな
- shelf arranged stepwise
Doors, corridors and facilities · Word list 2 of 5
Doors and facilities
These words cover a house's openings, divisions, and facilities. *雨戸* is "a storm door or shutter", and *しょうじ* is "a paper sliding door".
*わけはない* means "easy". The other entries name corridors, screens, bedrooms, beds, and a toilet.
- 131
えんがわ
open corridor, veranda
えんがわopen corridor - 132
まわりえん
open corridor going around the side of a house
まわりえんcorridor around house - 133
あまど
storm door, shutter ( See Cultural Notes)
雨戸storm shutter - 134
しょうじ
paper sliding door (See Cultural Notes)
しょうじpaper sliding door - 135
ふすま
sliding screen (See Cultural Notes)
ふすまsliding screen - 136
しきる
to partition, divide
しきるpartition - 137
しんしつ
bedroom
寝室bedroom - 138
しんだい
bed
寝台bed - 139
べんじょ
toilet
便所toilet - 140
たてます
to add on to a building
たてますadd onto building - 141
わけはない
easy, nothing to it (See Grammar Notes)
わけはないnothing to it
- まわりえん
- open corridor going around the side of a house
- しきる
- to partition, divide
- 便所
- toilet
- たてます
- to add on to a building
- わけはない
- easy, nothing to it (See Grammar Notes)
House hunting and kitchen words · Word list 3 of 5
House hunting and the kitchen
These words cover comparing houses and checking their kitchens. *見れば見るほど* means "the more you see, the more", and *まよう* means "to get confused".
*電気れいぞうこ* is "an electric refrigerator". The remaining entries name storage and other kitchen fittings.
- 142
なんでしたら
if it's all right with you
何でしたらif you agree - 143
へんなもので
it's strange that ---
へんなものでit's strange that - 144
みればみるほど
the more you see, the more --- (See Grammar Notes)
見れば見るほどthe more you see - 145
まよう
to get lost, get confused
まようget lost - 146
おしいれ
closet
おし入れcloset - 147
とだな
cupboard
戸だなcupboard - 148
じゅうぶん
sufficient
じゅう分sufficient - 149
ガスこんろ
gas stove, gas range
ガスこんろgas stove - 150
でんきれいぞうこ
electric refrigerator
電気れいぞうこelectric refrigerator - 151
たな
shelf
たなshelf - 152
ながし
sink
ながしsink
- 何でしたら
- if it's all right with you
- へんなもので
- it's strange that ---
- 見れば見るほど
- the more you see, the more --- (See Grammar Notes)
- まよう
- to get lost, get confused
- おし入れ
- closet
- じゅう分
- sufficient
- ガスこんろ
- gas stove, gas range
- 電気れいぞうこ
- electric refrigerator
- たな
- shelf
Windows, terraces and room words · Word list 4 of 5
Windows, rooms, and a terminal particle
These words cover parts and features of a modern house. *高まど* is "a high window", and *まるまど* is "a round window".
*---は* is a terminal particle used by women for a friendly assertion. The other entries name rooms, facilities, and household features.
- 153
ステンレス
stainless steel
ステンレスstainless steel - 154
---は
terminal particle (See Cultural Notes)
---はI tell you - 155
たかまど
high window
高まどhigh window - 156
まるまど
round window
まるまどround window - 157
げたばこ
clog cabinet, clog box
げた箱clog cabinet - 158
トイレ
toilet
トイレtoilet - 159
テラス
terrace
テラスterrace - 160
こどもべや
children's room
子供べやchildren's room - 161
たしか
I am sure, certainly
たしかcertainly - 162
ひかる
shine, glitter
ひかるshine - 163
モダン
modern
モダンmodern
- ---は
- terminal particle (See Cultural Notes)
- 高まど
- high window
- まるまど
- round window
- げた箱
- clog cabinet, clog box
- テラス
- terrace
- 子供べや
- children's room
- たしか
- I am sure, certainly
- ひかる
- shine, glitter
Appliances, windows and room size · Word list 5 of 5
House features and room size
These words review household appliances, windows, and rooms. *電気せんたく機* is "an electric washing machine", and *げた箱* is "a clog box".
*このざしきの 大きさは たしか 八畳だと 思います* means "I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room". The mat count gives the room's size.
- 164
でんきせんたくき
electric washing machine
電気せんたく機electric washing machine - 165
たかまど
high window
高まどhigh window - 166
まるまど
round window
まるまどround window - 167
げたばこ
clog box, clog cabinet
げた箱clog box - 168
べんじょ
toilet
便所toilet - 169
テラス
terrace
テラスterrace - 170
こどもべや
children's room
子供べやchildren's room - 171
このざしきのおおきさはたしかはちじょうだとおもいます。
I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room.
このざしきの大きさはたしか八畳だと思います。eight-mat Japanese room
Guide for Free Conversation
1 Look at the sketches on pages 140-143 and describe them.
2 Describe your house.
3 Describe a Japanese house.
4 Describe your friend's house.Homework
1. Memorize the Dialogue and know the vocabulary.
2. Study the Pattern Drill and do the exercises following each Pattern Drill.
3. Learn to read and write the new kanji.
4. Read the Explanatory Notes.
5. Use the guide given for practice in free conversation.- 電気せんたく機
- electric washing machine
- このざしきの大きさはたしか八畳だと思います。
- "I am sure the size of this Japanese room is an eight mat room."
The particulars
- The course
- Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents