Dutch · Unit 19
Unit 7: Sinterklaas
Refresher Course, Book I
Sinterklaas
Sinterklaas: the narrative
The narrative
Each unit of Book I opens with a short account of one side of life in Holland. The 1961 speaker reads it at the speed of ordinary speech.
Read each sentence, then listen to it. The English is beside it. The words of the narrative come back in every section that follows, so this reading is the ground of the unit.
- 1
Saint Nicholas' is a real Dutch festival.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenaechtrealHollandsDutchfeest.festival - 2
It is celebrated on the fifth of December, on the eve of the anniversary of Saint Nicholas' birthday.
Hetit; thewordtto become, to getgevierdto celebrateopon, upondethevijfdefivedecember,decemberopon, upondethevooravondevevanof, fromdetheverjaardagbirthdayvanof, fromSintSintNicolaas.Nicolaas - 3
This was a bishop at Myra, Asia Minor, of whom it was said that he was a great friend of children.
Dezethe latter (the most recently mentioned)wasto be (irregular)eenabisschopbishopininMyra,MyraKlein-Azië,Asia Minorvanof, fromwiewhogezegdto saywordt,to become, to getdatthat; that (conjunction)hijheeenagrootgreatkindervriendfriend of childrenwas.to be (irregular) - 4
He became the patron saint of the Spanish merchants and, later, during the Spanish occupation of the Netherlands, the patron saint of the merchants of Amsterdam and of the city of Amsterdam.
Hijhewerdto become, to getdetheschutspatroonpatron saintvanof, fromdetheSpaanseSpanishkooplieden,merchantenandlater,latertijdensduringdetheSpaanseSpanishbezettingoccupationvanof, fromNederland,Nederlandookalso, likewisedethepatroonemployervanof, fromdetheAmsterdamseAmsterdamkoopliedenmerchantenandvanof, fromdethestadcity, townAmsterdam.Amsterdam - 5
Saint Nicholas' is a gay festival, full of fun and teasing.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenavrolijkmerry, gayfeest,festivalvolfull (of)pretfunenandplagerij.teasing - 6
Inspired by the open-handed bishop, everyone gives presents to many of his friends and members of the family.
Geïnspireerdinspireddoorthroughdethegoedgeefsegenerousbisschopbishopgeeftto giveiedereeneveryonecadeautjespresentsaanon, tovelemanyvanof, fromzijnhis; to bevriendenfriendsenandfamilieleden.family members - 7
If everything goes as it should, then each package is accompanied by a poem, and they are anonymous.
Alsifalleseverythinggaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoort,to heardanthenzijnto be (irregular)alleallpakjesparcelvergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromeenagedicht,poemenandzeshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)anoniem.anonymous
I. Narrative
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas.
The section appearing as "I. Narrative" presents an account, read at normal conversational speed, of an historical or cultural facet of life in Holland, and is accompanied by both Dutch and English texts.- 8
They always come from Saint Nicholas!
Zeshe; theykomento comeimmersafter allvanof, fromSinterklaas!Sinterklaas - 9
But the “good, holy man” is less good whenever he encounters a youthful evil-doer.
Maarbutdiewho (relative)“Goedgoodsheiligsacredman”man; husbandisisminderlessgoed,goodswanneerifhijheeenajeugdigeyouthfulboosdoenerwrongdoerontmoet.met - 10
Saint Nicholas knows exactly who was good and who was naughty because weeks before December 5th, he has been riding over the roofs on his white horse with his servant, Black Pete.
SinterklaasSinterklaasweetto knowpreciesexactlywiewhoerthere, of itbraafhonestwas,to be (irregular)enandwiewhostout;daringwantfor, becausehijhereedto ride, to drivealalreadywekenweeksvóórbefore55decemberdecemberopon, uponzijnhis; to beschimmelgray horseoveracross, overdethedakenroofrondaroundmetwithzijnhis; to beknechtje,little servantZwarteZwartePiet.Piet - 11
Together they listened through the chimney whether the children were good or not and everything they heard was written down in the big book.
Samentogether (te zamen)luisterdenlistenzeshe; theydoorthroughdetheschoorstenenchimneysofordethekinderenchildrenbraafhonestwarento be (irregular)oforniet,notenandalleseverythingwatwhatzeshe; theyhoordento hearwerdto become, to getininhetit; thegrotebig, greatboekbookopgeschreven.written down - 12
They also listened to the old familiar songs of Saint Nicholas, which the children sang for them by the fireplace and which reflect their suspense and expectation so well.
Samentogether (te zamen)luisterdenlistenedzeshe; theyookalso, likewisenaarto, towardsdetheoudeoldbekendeknownSinterklaasliedjes,Saint Nicholas songsdiewho (relative)dethekinderenchildrenbijwithdetheschoorsteenchimneyvoorforhenthemzongen,to singenanddiewho (relative)zoso, asgoedgoodshunthem; theirspanningsuspenseenandverwachtingexpectationweerspiegelen.reflect - 13
On Saint Nicholas' Eve, the saint himself comes to give out the gifts.
Opon, uponSinterklaasavondSinterklaasavondkomtto comedetheSintSintdikwijlsofteninineigenownpersoonpersondethecadeautjespresentsuitreiken.issued - 14
Black Pete accompanies him and carries the big bag that contains all the packages.
ZwarteblackPietPietkomtto comemetwithhemhimmee,along, withenanddraagtto carrydethegrotebig, greatzakpocketwaarwherealleallpakjesparcelininzitten.to sit
- 15
He carries a switch for the naughty children, and the very naughty ones are taken away in the empty bag.
Hijhedraagtto carryeenagrotebig, greatroede,switchvoorfordethestouteboldkinderen,childrenenanddetheallerslechtstenworst oneswordento become, to getinindethelegeemptyzakpocketmeegenomen.carried off - 16
Fortunately, this last measure is very seldom necessary.
Gelukkighappy, unhappyisto be (irregular)diewho (relative)laatstelaststrafmaatregelpunishmentslechtsonlyzeldenseldomnodig.needed (nodig hebben: to need) - 17
Although the names of Saint Nicholas and Santa Claus are very similar, they are hardly related.
Hoewelalthoughdethenamentook; namesvanof, fromSinterklaasSinterklaasenandSantaSantaClausClausveelmuchopon, uponelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander)lijken,to resemblezijnto be (irregular)zeshe; theynauwelijksscarcelyverwantrelatedaanon, toelkaar.each other (elkaer instead of elkander) - 18
Santa Claus is a merry fellow who comes from the North Pole at Christmas time with his sleigh and reindeer.
SantaSantaClausClausisto be (irregular)eenavrolijkemerry, gaybaas,fellowdiewho (relative)metwithKerstmisKerstmisperpersleesleighmetwithrendierenreindeervanof, fromdetheNoordpoolNoordpoolkomt.to come - 19
He comes to Holland too and helps decorate the Christmas tree.
Hijhekomtto comeookalso, likewiseininNederland,Nederlandenandhelptto helpdaaras, since, becausemetwithhetit; theversierento adornvanof, fromdethekerstboom.Christmas tree - 20
Saint Nicholas is a wise old man dressed in a bishop's robe with a miter and staff, and he comes from Spain accompanied by his helper, Black Pete.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenawijzemanner, wayoudeoldman,man; husbandgekleedto dressininbisschopsmantelbishop's robemetwithmijtermiterenandstaf,staffenandhijhekomtto comeuitout ofSpanje,Spanjeenandwordtto become, to getvergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromzijnhis; to behelper,helperZwarteZwartePiet.Piet
Sinterklaas: vocabulary, part 1
Vocabulary practice
These are the words and phrases of the narrative, one at a time, in the speaker's voice.
Listen to each one, then say it. The scorer on the device compares your reading with the speaker's and shows which sounds matched.
- 21
jarig zijn
to have one's birthday
- 22
de verjaardag
birthday, anniversary
- 23
de vooravond
eve
- 24
vieren
to celebrate
- 25
kinderen
children
- 26
de kindervriend
friend of children
- 27
de koopman
the merchant
- 28
bezetten
to occupy
- 29
tijdens
during
A. Vocabulary Practice
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 1.
This part contains words and phrases which you will later hear used in the narrative sections of this unit. On tape you will hear the word or phrase in Dutch, then in English. You will immediately repeat the Dutch word or phrase on tape in the pause left for this purpose. The native speaker will then repeat the word or phrase in Dutch as a guide to good pronunciation before continuing with the new word or phrase in both Dutch and English.
Before moving on to the next part of this lesson, try doing the vocabulary practice again with your book closed.Sinterklaas: oral reading, part 1
Oral reading
The narrative's sentences come back in the book's variations: a change of tense, of case, of modifier. They build up to the sentence as the narrative has it.
Say each variation after the speaker. The sentence marked as basic is the narrative's own, and it closes the run.
- 30
Saint Nicholas' birthday is on the 6th of December
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)opon, upon66decemberdecemberjarighas a birthday - 31
His birthday is the 6th of December
Zijnhis; to beverjaardagbirthdayisto be (irregular)opon, upon66decemberdecember - 32
The festivities take place on the eve of his birthday
Hetit; thefeestfestivalisto be (irregular)opon, upondethevooravondevevanof, fromzijnhis; to beverjaardagbirthday - 33
The festival of Saint Nicholas is celebrated on the 5th of December, on the eve of the birthday of Saint Nicholas.
Hetit; theSinterklaasfeestSinterklaasfeestwordtto become, to getgevierdto celebrateopon, upondethevijfdefivedecember,decemberopon, upondethevooravondevevanof, fromdetheverjaardagbirthdayvanof, fromSintSintNicolaas.Nicolaas - 34
He loves children
Hijhehoudtto keepvanof, fromkinderenchildren - 35
He has love for children
Hijheheeftto have, to have hadliefdelovevoorforkinderenchildren - 36
He has a great fondness for children
Hijheheeftto have, to have hadeenagrotebig, greatkinderliefdea child's love
B. Oral Reading Comprehension
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 1.
The sentences of the narrative now appear in a variety of grammatical patterns to facilitate the learning process. Repeat each phrase or sentence on tape after the native speaker, building up to sentences which are contextually equivalent to those in the narrative. At the end of each quarter these sentences appear in their natural contextual sequence on tape and in the book. Repeat each sentence after the native speaker.- 37
He is a great friend of children
Hijheisto be (irregular)eenagrootgreatkindervriendfriend of children - 38
It is said that he is a great friend of children
Menone, peoplezegt,to saydatthat; that (conjunction)hijheeenagrootgreatkindervriendfriend of childrenisto be (irregular) - 39
He was a bishop of whom it was said that he was a great friend of children.
Hijhewasto be (irregular)eenabisschop,bishopvanof, fromwiewhogezegdto saywordt,to become, to getdatthat; that (conjunction)hijheeenagrootgreatkindervriendfriend of childrenwas.to be (irregular) - 40
He is a Spanish merchant
Hijheisto be (irregular)eenaSpaanseSpanishkoopmanmerchant - 41
They are Spanish merchants
Zijshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)SpaanseSpanishkoopliedenmerchant - 42
The Spaniards occupy Holland
DetheSpanjaardenSpanjaardenbezettenoccupyNederlandNederland - 43
The Spaniards occupied Holland
DetheSpanjaardenSpanjaardenbezettenoccupiedNederlandNederland
- 44
The Spaniards have occupied Holland
DetheSpanjaardenSpanjaardenhebbento have, to have hadNederlandNederlandbezetoccupied - 45
During the Spanish occupation of Holland, Saint Nicholas also became the patron saint of the merchants of Amsterdam.
TijdensduringdetheSpaanseSpanishbezettingoccupationvanof, fromNederlandNederlandwerdto become, to getSinterklaasSinterklaasookalso, likewisedethepatroonemployervanof, fromdetheAmsterdamseAmsterdamkooplieden.merchant - 46
The festival of Saint Nicholas is celebrated on the 5th of December, on the eve of the birthday of Saint Nicholas.
Hetit; theSinterklaasfeestSinterklaasfeestwordtto become, to getgevierdto celebrateopon, upondethevijfdefivedecember,decemberopon, upondethevooravondevevanof, fromdetheverjaardagbirthdayvanof, fromSintSintNicolaas.Nicolaas - 47
He was a bishop of whom it was said that he was a great friend of children.
Hijhewasto be (irregular)eenabisschop,bishopvanof, fromwiewhogezegdto saywordt,to become, to getdatthat; that (conjunction)hijheeenagrootgreatkindervriendfriend of childrenwas.to be (irregular) - 48
During the Spanish occupation of Holland, Saint Nicholas also became the patron saint of the merchants of Amsterdam.
TijdensduringdetheSpaanseSpanishbezettingoccupationvanof, fromNederlandNederlandwerdto become, to getSinterklaasSinterklaasookalso, likewisedethepatroonemployervanof, fromdetheAmsterdamseAmsterdamkooplieden.merchant
Sinterklaas: vocabulary, part 2 (1)
- 49
plagen
to tease
- 50
pret
fun
- 51
gierig
miserly, stingy
- 52
zuinig
thrifty
- 53
goedgeefs
generous
- 54
het cadeautje
the gift, present
- 55
inspireren
to inspire
A. Vocabulary Practice
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 2.
This part contains words and phrases which you will later hear used in the narrative sections of this unit. On tape you will hear the word or phrase in Dutch, then in English. You will immediately repeat the Dutch word or phrase on tape in the pause left for this purpose. The native speaker will then repeat the word or phrase in Dutch as a guide to good pronunciation before continuing with the new word or phrase in both Dutch and English.
Before moving on to the next part of this lesson, try doing the vocabulary practice again with your book closed.Sinterklaas: vocabulary, part 2 (2)
Sinterklaas: oral reading, part 2
- 63
They tease you
Zijshe; theyplagenvexjullieyou (plural) - 64
They teased you
Zijshe; theyplaagdenteasedjullieyou (plural) - 65
They have teased you
Zijshe; theyhebbento have, to have hadjullieyou (plural)geplaagdteased - 66
All that teasing isn't nice
Alalreadydatthat; that (conjunction)geplaagteasingisto be (irregular)nietnotaardigcharming - 67
Saint Nicholas' is a festival full of fun and teasing.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenafeestfestivalvolfull (of)pretfunenandplagerij.teasing - 68
They are miserly
Zijshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)gierigstingy - 69
They are thrifty
Zijshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)zuinigthrifty
B. Oral Reading Comprehension
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 2.
The sentences of the narrative now appear in a variety of grammatical patterns to facilitate the learning process. Repeat each phrase or sentence on tape after the native speaker, building up to sentences which are contextually equivalent to those in the narrative. At the end of each quarter these sentences appear in their natural contextual sequence on tape and in the book. Repeat each sentence after the native speaker.- 70
They are generous
Zijshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)goedgeefsgenerous - 71
Everyone gives presents to his friends
Iedereeneveryonegeeftto givecadeautjespresentsaanon, tozijnhis; to bevriendenfriends - 72
Inspired by the generous bishop, everyone gives presents to his friends.
Geïnspireerdinspireddoorthroughdethegoedgeefsegenerousbisschopbishopgeeftto giveiedereeneveryonecadeautjespresentsaanon, tozijnhis; to bevrienden.friends - 73
It should be this way
Hetit; thehoortto hearzoso, as - 74
It should have been this way
Hetit; thehoordeto hearzoso, as - 75
It goes as it should
Hetit; thegaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoortto hear - 76
If everything goes as it should, then all the gifts are anonymous.
Alsifalleseverythinggaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoort,to heardanthenzijnto be (irregular)alleallpakjesparcelanoniem.anonymous
- 77
There is a poem with every package
Erthere, of itisto be (irregular)eenagedichtpoembijwithhetit; thepakjeparcel - 78
A poem accompanies the package
Eenagedichtpoemvergezeltaccompanieshetit; thepakjeparcel - 79
A poem accompanied the package
Eenagedichtpoemvergezeldeaccompaniedhetit; thepakjeparcel - 80
A poem has accompanied the package
Eenagedichtpoemheeftto have, to have hadhetit; thepakjeparcelvergezeldto accompany - 81
Accompanied by a poem, the package arrives
Vergezeldaccompaniedvanof, fromeenagedichtpoemkomtto comehetit; thepakjeparcelaanon, to - 82
The package is accompanied by a poem
Hetit; thepakjeparcelwordtto become, to getdoorthrougheenagedichtpoemvergezeldaccompanied - 83
If everything goes as it should, then all packages are accompanied by a poem.
Alsifalleseverythinggaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoort,to heardanthenzijnto be (irregular)alleallpakjesparcelvergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromeenagedicht.poem
- 84
He is angry
Hijheisto be (irregular)boosangry - 85
He is bad
Hijheisto be (irregular)slechtbad - 86
He does something bad
Hijhedoetto doietssomethingslechtsonly - 87
He is an evil-doer
Hijheisto be (irregular)eenaboosdoenerevil-doer - 88
Saint Nicholas is less nice when he meets a young evil-doer.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)minderlessgoed,goodswanneerifhijheeenajeugdigetenderboosdoenerevil-doerontmoet.to meet - 89
He rides around over the roofs
Hijhereedto ride, to driveoveracross, overdethedakenroofrondaround - 90
He already rode around over the roofs before the 5th of December
Hijhereedto ride, to drivealalreadyvóórbefore55decemberdecemberoveracross, overdethedakenroofrondaround
- 91
He already rode around over the roofs weeks before the 5th of December
Hijhereedto ride, to drivealalreadywekenweeksvóórbefore55decemberdecemberoveracross, overdethedakenroofrondaround - 92
He already rode around over the roofs on his white horse weeks before the 5th of December.
Hijhereedto ride, to drivealalreadywekenweeksvóórbefore55decemberdecemberopon, uponzijnhis; to beschimmelgray horseoveracross, overdethedakenroofrond.around - 93
What they heard was written down
Watwhatzeshe; theyhoorden,to hearwerdto become, to getopgeschrevenwritten down - 94
Everything they heard was written down
Alleseverythingwatwhatzeshe; theyhoordento hearwerdto become, to getopgeschrevenwritten down - 95
Everything they heard was written down in the big book.
Alleseverythingwatwhatzeshe; theyhoordento hearwerdto become, to getininhetit; thegrotebig, greatboekbookopgeschreven.written down - 96
They sing Saint Nicholas songs
Zijshe; theyzingento singSinterklaasliedjesSaint Nicholas songs - 97
They sang Saint Nicholas songs
Zijshe; theyzongento singSinterklaasliedjesSaint Nicholas songs
- 98
They have sung Saint Nicholas songs
Zijshe; theyhebbento have, to have hadSinterklaasliedjesSaint Nicholas songsgezongento sing - 99
The children sang the old familiar Saint Nicholas songs for them by the fireplace.
Dethekinderenchildrenzongento singbijwithdetheschoorsteenchimneyvoorforhenthemdetheoudeoldbekendeknownSinterklaasliedjes.Saint Nicholas songs - 100
Saint Nicholas' is a festival full of fun and teasing.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenafeestfestivalvolfull (of)pretfunenandplagerij.teasing - 101
Inspired by the generous bishop, everyone gives presents to his friends.
Geïnspireerdinspireddoorthroughdethegoedgeefsegenerousbisschopbishopgeeftto giveiedereeneveryonecadeautjespresentsaanon, tozijnhis; to bevrienden.friends - 102
If everything goes as it should, then all the gifts are anonymous.
Alsifalleseverythinggaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoort,to heardanthenzijnto be (irregular)alleallpakjesparcelanoniem.anonymous - 103
If everything goes as it should, then all packages are accompanied by a poem.
Alsifalleseverythinggaatto gozoalsashetit; thehoort,to heardanthenzijnto be (irregular)alleallpakjesparcelvergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromeenagedicht.poem - 104
Saint Nicholas is less nice when he meets a young evil-doer.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)minderlessgoed,goodswanneerifhijheeenajeugdigetenderboosdoenerevil-doerontmoet.to meet
Sinterklaas: vocabulary, part 3
- 105
uitreiken
to distribute, hand out
- 106
dikwijls
often
- 107
meekomen
to accompany, come with
- 108
de zak
the bag, sack, pocket
- 109
dragen
to carry
- 110
de roe
the switch, “birch”
- 111
nodig
necessary
- 112
zeldzaam
rare
A. Vocabulary Practice
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 3.
This part contains words and phrases which you will later hear used in the narrative sections of this unit. On tape you will hear the word or phrase in Dutch, then in English. You will immediately repeat the Dutch word or phrase on tape in the pause left for this purpose. The native speaker will then repeat the word or phrase in Dutch as a guide to good pronunciation before continuing with the new word or phrase in both Dutch and English.
Before moving on to the next part of this lesson, try doing the vocabulary practice again with your book closed.Sinterklaas: oral reading, part 3
- 113
He himself gives out the presents
Hijhereiktreachzelfselfdethecadeautjespresentsuitout of - 114
He himself gave out the presents
Hijhereiktereachedzelfselfdethecadeautjespresentsuitout of - 115
He himself has given out the presents
Hijheheeftto have, to have hadzelfselfdethecadeautjespresentsuitgereiktissued - 116
Saint Nicholas often comes to give out the presents personally.
SinterklaasSinterklaaskomtto comedikwijlsofteninineigenownpersoonpersondethecadeautjespresentsuitreiken.issued - 117
Black Pete accompanies him
ZwarteblackPietPietkomtto comemetwithhemhimmeealong, with - 118
Black Pete accompanied him
ZwarteblackPietPietkwamto comemetwithhemhimmeealong, with - 119
Black Pete has accompanied him
ZwarteblackPietPietisto be (irregular)metwithhemhimmeegekomencome along
B. Oral Reading Comprehension
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 3.
The sentences of the narrative now appear in a variety of grammatical patterns to facilitate the learning process. Repeat each phrase or sentence on tape after the native speaker, building up to sentences which are contextually equivalent to those in the narrative. At the end of each quarter these sentences appear in their natural contextual sequence on tape and in the book. Repeat each sentence after the native speaker.- 120
Doesn't he want to come along?
Wilwanthijhenietnotmeekomen?come along - 121
Black Pete accompanies him and carries the big bag with all the packages in it.
ZwarteblackPietPietkomtto comemetwithhemhimmee,along, withenanddraagtto carrydethegrotebig, greatzakpocketwaarwherealleallpakjesparcelininzijn.to be (irregular) - 122
All the packages are in the bag
Alleallpakjesparcelzittento sitinindethezakpocket - 123
He carries the bag with the packages in it.
Hijhedraagtto carrydethezakpocketwaarwheredethepakjesparcelininzitten.to sit - 124
The naughty children get a switch
Detheslechtebadkinderenchildrenkrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroeswitch - 125
The naughty ones get a switch
Detheslechtenwretchedkrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroeswitch - 126
The naughty ones get a switch
Detheslechterennaughtier oneskrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroeswitch
- 127
The naughtiest ones get a switch
Detheslechtstennaughtiest oneskrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroeswitch - 128
The naughtiest of all get a switch
Detheallerslechtstennaughtiest of allkrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroeswitch - 129
The naughtiest of all are taken away in the empty bag.
Detheallerslechtstennaughtiest of allwordento become, to getinindethelegeemptyzakpocketmeegenomen.carried off - 130
It happens seldom
Hetit; thegebeurtto happenzeldenseldom - 131
It is unusual
Hetit; theisto be (irregular)zeldzaamrare - 132
The last measure is very seldom necessary.
Diewho (relative)laatstelaststrafmaatregelpunishmentisto be (irregular)slechtsonlyzeldenseldomnodig.needed (nodig hebben: to need) - 133
Saint Nicholas often comes to give out the presents personally.
SinterklaasSinterklaaskomtto comedikwijlsofteninineigenownpersoonpersondethecadeautjespresentsuitreiken.issued
- 134
Black Pete accompanies him and carries the big bag with all the packages in it.
ZwarteblackPietPietkomtto comemetwithhemhimmee,along, withenanddraagtto carrydethegrotebig, greatzakpocketwaarwherealleallpakjesparcelininzijn.to be (irregular) - 135
He carries the bag with the packages in it.
Hijhedraagtto carrydethezakpocketwaarwheredethepakjesparcelininzitten.to sit - 136
The naughtiest of all are taken away in the empty bag.
Detheallerslechtstennaughtiest of allwordento become, to getinindethelegeemptyzakpocketmeegenomen.carried off - 137
The last measure is very seldom necessary.
Diewho (relative)laatstelaststrafmaatregelpunishmentisto be (irregular)slechtsonlyzeldenseldomnodig.needed (nodig hebben: to need)
Sinterklaas: vocabulary, part 4
- 138
op elkaar lijken
to resemble one another
- 139
de verwantschap
the relationship
- 140
nauwelijks
hardly
- 141
de slee
the sleigh
- 142
het rendier
the reindeer
- 143
verwant zijn aan
to be related to
A. Vocabulary Practice
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 4.
This part contains words and phrases which you will later hear used in the narrative sections of this unit. On tape you will hear the word or phrase in Dutch, then in English. You will immediately repeat the Dutch word or phrase on tape in the pause left for this purpose. The native speaker will then repeat the word or phrase in Dutch as a guide to good pronunciation before continuing with the new word or phrase in both Dutch and English.
Before moving on to the next part of this lesson, try doing the vocabulary practice again with your book closed.Sinterklaas: oral reading, part 4
- 144
The names are similar
Dethenamentook; nameslijkento resembleopon, uponelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander) - 145
The names are related
Dethenamentook; nameszijnto be (irregular)verwantrelatedaanon, toelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander) - 146
The relationship between the names is great
Detheverwantschapkinshiptussenbetweendethenamentook; namesisto be (irregular)grootgreat - 147
Although the names of Saint Nicholas and Santa Claus are very similar, they are hardly related.
Hoewelalthoughdethenamentook; namesvanof, fromSinterklaasSinterklaasenandSantaSantaClausClausveelmuchopon, uponelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander)lijken,to resemblezijnto be (irregular)zeshe; theynauwelijksscarcelyverwantrelatedaanon, toelkaar.each other (elkaer instead of elkander) - 148
He comes from the North Pole
Hijhekomtto comevanof, fromdetheNoordpoolNoordpool - 149
He comes from Spain
Hijhekomtto comeuitout ofSpanjeSpanje - 150
Santa Claus comes from the North Pole with a sleigh and reindeer.
SantaSantaClausClauskomtto comeperpersleesleighmetwithrendierenreindeervanof, fromdetheNoordpool.Noordpool
B. Oral Reading Comprehension
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 22: Sinterklaas. Learning the Narrative, Part 4.
The sentences of the narrative now appear in a variety of grammatical patterns to facilitate the learning process. Repeat each phrase or sentence on tape after the native speaker, building up to sentences which are contextually equivalent to those in the narrative. At the end of each quarter these sentences appear in their natural contextual sequence on tape and in the book. Repeat each sentence after the native speaker.- 151
Saint Nicholas comes from Spain accompanied by his helper, Black Pete.
SinterklaasSinterklaaskomtto comeuitout ofSpanje,Spanjevergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromzijnhis; to behelper,helperZwarteZwartePiet.Piet - 152
Although the names of Saint Nicholas and Santa Claus are very similar, they are hardly related.
Hoewelalthoughdethenamentook; namesvanof, fromSinterklaasSinterklaasenandSantaSantaClausClausveelmuchopon, uponelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander)lijken,to resemblezijnto be (irregular)zeshe; theynauwelijksscarcelyverwantrelatedaanon, toelkaar.each other (elkaer instead of elkander) - 153
Santa Claus comes from the North Pole with a sleigh and reindeer.
SantaSantaClausClauskomtto comeperpersleesleighmetwithrendierenreindeervanof, fromdetheNoordpool.Noordpool - 154
Saint Nicholas comes from Spain accompanied by his helper, Black Pete.
SinterklaasSinterklaaskomtto comeuitout ofSpanje,Spanjevergezeldto accompanyvanof, fromzijnhis; to behelper,helperZwarteZwartePiet.Piet
Sinterklaas: check-up
Check-up
Two speakers put the narrative as questions and answers.
Answer each question from what the narrative said, then say the answer. Later sections ask the same questions without the text, so answer from memory where you can.
- 155
Who was Saint Nicholas?
Wiewhowasto be (irregular)SintSintNicolaas?Nicolaas - 156
Of whom was Saint Nicholas the patron saint?
Vanof, fromwiewhowasto be (irregular)SintSintNicolaasNicolaasdetheschutspatroon?patron saint - 157
When is Saint Nicholas' birthday?
Wanneerifisto be (irregular)SintSintNicolaasNicolaasjarig?jarig - 158
When is the Saint Nicholas' festival celebrated in the Netherlands?
Wanneerifwordtto become, to getininNederlandNederlandhetit; theSinterklaasfeestSinterklaasfeestgevierd?to celebrate - 159
Saint Nicholas was a bishop in Myra, Asia Minor.
SintSintNicolaasNicolaaswasto be (irregular)eenabisschopbishopininMyra,MyraKlein-Azië.Asia Minor - 160
Saint Nicholas was the patron saint of the merchants of Spain and of Amsterdam, and of the city of Amsterdam.
SintSintNicolaasNicolaaswasto be (irregular)detheschutspatroonpatron saintvanof, fromdetheSpaanseSpanishenandAmsterdamseAmsterdamkoopliedenmerchantenandvanof, fromdethestadcity, townAmsterdam.Amsterdam - 161
Saint Nicholas' birthday is on the 6th of December.
Detheverjaardagbirthdayvanof, fromSintSintNicolaasNicolaasisto be (irregular)opon, upon66december.december - 162
The Saint Nicholas' festival is celebrated on the eve of Saint Nicholas' birthday.
Hetit; theSinterklaasfeestSinterklaasfeestwordtto become, to getgevierdto celebrateopon, upondethevooravondevevanof, fromSinterklaasSinterklaasverjaardag.birthday
II. Check-Up
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 23: Sinterklaas.
The material of the narrative is now presented in still another form to assist you further in completely assimilating the narrative. You will repeat both questions and answers based on the narrative material after the native speaker. Do this section thoroughly since you will be expected in the sections that follow to answer as well as ask these questions from memory.- 163
How do the people celebrate the festival of Saint Nicholas?
Hoehowviertto celebratemenone, peoplehetit; theSinterklaasfeest?Sinterklaasfeest - 164
Does everybody get presents on Saint Nicholas' Eve?
Krijgtgetsiedereeneveryoneopon, uponSinterklaasSinterklaascadeautjes?presents - 165
What does Saint Nicholas give naughty children?
Watwhatgeeftto giveSinterklaasSinterklaasaanon, todethestouteboldkinderen?children - 166
How does Saint Nicholas know who has been naughty?
Hoehowweetto knowSinterklaas,Sinterklaaswiewhoerthere, of itstoutdaringgeweestto be (irregular)is?to be (irregular) - 167
People celebrate the festival of Saint Nicholas by giving presents to friends and relatives.
Menone, peopleviertto celebratehetit; theSinterklaasfeestSinterklaasfeestmetwithhetit; thegevento givevanof, fromcadeautjespresentsaanon, tovriendenfriendsenandfamilieleden.family members - 168
Just the ones that have been good get presents from Saint Nicholas.
Alleenonlydegenenthosediewho (relative)braafhonestgeweestto be (irregular)zijnto be (irregular)krijgengetcadeautjespresentsvanof, fromSinterklaas.Sinterklaas - 169
Saint Nicholas has brought a switch for the naughty children.
Voorfordethestouteboldkinderenchildrenheeftto have, to have hadSinterklaasSinterklaaseenaroeswitchmeegebracht.brought along - 170
Saint Nicholas rides over the roofs on his white horse and listens through the chimneys if he can hear naughty children.
SinterklaasSinterklaasrijdtto ride, to driveoveracross, overdethedakenroofopon, uponzijnhis; to beschimmel,gray horseenandluistertlistendoorthroughdetheschoorstenenchimneysoforhijhestouteboldkinderenchildrenhoort.to hear
- 171
Does Saint Nicholas come all by himself to Holland every year?
KomtcomesSinterklaasSinterklaaselkeachjaarthe yearalleenonlyininNederland?Nederland - 172
Where does Saint Nicholas live during the rest of the year when he is not in Holland?
Waarwherewoontto live, to dwellSinterklaasSinterklaasgedurendeduringdetherestrestvanof, fromhetit; thejaar,the yearwanneerifhijhenietnotininHollandHollandis?to be (irregular) - 173
Is Saint Nicholas related to Santa Claus?
Isto be (irregular)SinterklaasSinterklaasverwantrelatedaanon, toSantaSantaClaus?Claus - 174
When Saint Nicholas enters the country, he is accompanied by his helper, Black Pete. Black Pete carries a switch and the bag with presents.
WanneerifSinterklaasSinterklaasininhetit; thelandlandkomtto comewordtto become, to gethijhevergezeldto accompanydoorthroughzijnhis; to behelper,helperZwarteZwartePiet.PietZwarteZwartePietPietdraagtto carrydetheroeswitchenanddethezakpocketmetwithcadeautjes.presents - 175
When Saint Nicholas is not in Holland, he lives in Spain, from where he travels by steamship to Holland every year in the middle of November.
WanneerifSinterklaasSinterklaasnietnotininHollandHollandis,to be (irregular)woontto live, to dwellhijheininSpanje,Spanjevanwaarfrom where, whencehijheiedereach, everyjaarthe yearininhetit; themiddenmiddle (still in middag)vanof, fromnovemberNovemberperperstoombootsteamboatnaarto, towardsNederlandNederlandreist.travels - 176
Saint Nicholas and Santa Claus both come with gifts, especially for children, but they are not really related.
SinterklaasSinterklaasenandSantaSantaClausClauskomento comebeidebothmetwithgeschenkengiftsvooralespeciallyvoorforkinderen,childrenmaarbutzeshe; theyzijnto be (irregular)verderfurthernauwelijksscarcelyaanon, toelkaareach other (elkaer instead of elkander)verwant.related
Sinterklaas: the dialog
A conversation to listen to
Two Dutch speakers talk about the matter of the narrative, recorded without a script.
Listen first with the text, then without it. The aim is to follow the whole conversation by ear.
- 177
Pardon me, sir, but could you tell me what's going on there? I see a lot of children and all of them are so excited.
Neemto takememenietnotkwalijkamiss (neem mij niet kwalijk: excuse me)mijnheer,sir!; Mr. (as a title before a name)maarbutkuntto be able (can)Uyou (polite)memevertellentellwatwhaterthere, of itdaaras, since, becauseaanon, todethehanda hand, handsis?to be (irregular)IkIzieto seeveelmuchkinderenchildrendiewho (relative)allenallzoso, asopgewondenexcitedzijn.to be (irregular) - 178
I'll tell you, with pleasure, sir! Their biggest friend, Saint Nicholas, just arrived in the country.
IkIzalshall, willhetit; theUyou (polite)graaggladly, with pleasurevertellentellmijnheer!sir!; Mr. (as a title before a name)Hunthem; theirgrootstegreatestvriend,friendSinterklaas,Sinterklaasisto be (irregular)daaras, since, becausenetnetaanon, tolandlandgekomen.to come - 179
Saint Nicholas? Is he an early Santa Claus?
Sinterklaas?SinterklaasIsto be (irregular)hijheeenavroegeearlierKerstman?Santa Claus - 180
No, there is no relation between those two other than that they are both old and are good friends of children all over the world.
Neen,noerthere, of itisto be (irregular)zelfsevengeenno, not aanderanother (person)verbandconnectiontussenbetweendiewho (relative)tweetwodanthandatthanzeshe; theyallebeibothoudoldzijnto be (irregular)enandgrotebig, greatvriendenfriendsvanof, fromkinderenchildrenoveracross, overdethehelewholewereldworldzijn.to be (irregular) - 181
I've never heard of Saint Nicholas, but I have of a bishop Saint Nicholas.
IkIhebto have, to have hadnooitnevervanof, fromSinterklaasSinterklaasgehoord,to hearmaarbutwelbutvanof, fromeenabisschopbishopSintSintNicolaas.Nicolaas - 182
Well, maybe they're one and the same person. People say that our Saint Nicholas comes from Myra in Asia Minor and that he came over with the Spaniards during the Spanish occupation. He was even the patron saint of the city of Amsterdam.
Wel,butmisschienperhaps (het mag geschien)zijnto be (irregular)zeshe; theyeenaenanddezelfdethe samepersoon.personMenone, peoplezegtto saydatthat; that (conjunction)onzeourSinterklaasSinterklaasuitout ofMyraMyraininKlein-AziëAsia Minorkomtto comeenanddatthat; that (conjunction)hijhegedurendeduringdetheSpaanseSpanishbezettingoccupationmetwithdetheSpanjaardenSpanjaardenisto be (irregular)meegekomen.come alongHijhewasto be (irregular)zelfsevendethepatroonemployervanof, fromdethestadcity, townAmsterdam.Amsterdam - 183
That certainly is interesting to hear. But what does he do for the children?
Datthat; that (conjunction)isto be (irregular)zeerveryzekersurely, certainlyinteressantinterestingomsmile attetohoren.to hearMaarbutwatwhatdoetto dohijhevoorfordethekinderen?children
I. Dialogue for Listening
DLI Dutch Refresher Course (1961), Book I, Lesson 24: Sinterklaas.
The Dialogue for Listening section is for oral comprehension. The student should follow this section in his text, as he listens to it on tape, until such time as he can dispense with the text and understand everything from the tape alone.- 184
In this one respect he's just like your Santa Claus; he brings them presents.
Ininditthiseneaopzichtrespectisto be (irregular)hijhenetnetalsifjullieyou (plural)SantaSantaClaus,Claushijhebrengtbringshenthemgeschenken.gifts - 185
Wait a minute, now I can see him too. He's dressed in a red robe with miter and staff. But who is that little black man and what is that white horse doing there?
Wachtis waitingeens,once, one daynunow, at presentzieto seeikIhemhimook!also, likewiseHijheisto be (irregular)gekleedto dressinineenaroderedmantellittle mantlemetwithmijtermiterenandstaf.staffMaarbutwiewhoisto be (irregular)datthat; that (conjunction)kleinesmallzwarteblackmannetjelittle fellowenandwatwhatdoetto dodatthat; that (conjunction)wittewhitepaardhorsedaar?as, since, because - 186
Saint Nicholas is an old man who can't walk very well; that's why he has his horse for easy transportation; and the little black helper is Black Pete. He helps Saint Nicholas to obtain all the information about the good and the naughty children.
SinterklaasSinterklaasisto be (irregular)eenaoudeoldmanman; husbanddiewho (relative)nietnotergvery; badgoedgoodskanto be able (can)lopen,to walkdaaromthereforeheeftto have, to have hadhijhezijnhis; to bepaardhorsevoorforgemakkelijkeasy, easilyvervoer.transportEnanddethekleinesmallzwarteblackhelperhelperisto be (irregular)ZwarteZwartePiet.PietHijhehelptto helpSinterklaasSinterklaasomsmile atalleallinlichtingeninformationoveracross, overdethebravedecentenanddethestouteboldkinderenchildreninintetowinnen.to gain - 187
What does he need that information for?
Waaromthe reason whyheeftto have, to have hadhijhediewho (relative)inlichtingeninformationnodig?needed (nodig hebben: to need) - 188
This way he knows for which children he has to buy presents and for which not.
Opon, upondiewho (relative)maniermannerweetto knowhijhevoorforwelkewhich, whatkinderenchildrenhijhecadeautjespresentsmoetto have to, mustkopento buyenandvoorforwiewhoniet.not - 189
Do you really mean that naughty children get nothing?
Meenmeanjeyou; yourechtrealdatthat; that (conjunction)stouteboldkinderenchildrennietsnothingkrijgen?to get; honger krijgen: to become hungry - 190
Oh, yes, they get a switch in their shoes or are put into the bag themselves.
Oohja,yeszijshe; theykrijgento get; honger krijgen: to become hungryeenaroedeswitchininhunthem; theirschoen,shoeoforwordento become, to getzelfseveninindethezakpocketgestopt!darns
- 191
Although your country is rather small, it must still be quite a job for Saint Nicholas to visit all the children.
Alalreadyisto be (irregular)Uwyour countrylandyour countryvrijrather, quite; freeklein,smallhetit; themoetto have to, mustnogstill, yet; anothereenaheelwholewerkworkzijnto be (irregular)voorforSinterklaasSinterklaasomsmile atalleallkinderenchildrentetobezoeken.to visit - 192
Yes, that's why he gets help from parents, uncles and aunts. Around the 5th of December you'll see many Saint Nicholases running around.
Ja,yesdaaromthereforekrijgtto get; honger krijgen: to become hungryhijheookalso, likewisehulphelpvanof, fromdetheouders,parentsoomsunclesenandtantes.auntsTegenagainst; tovijffivedecemberdecemberzultshall, willUyou (polite)ongetwijfeldundoubtedlyvelemanySinterklazenSinterklazenziento seerondlopen.roam about - 193
Unfortunately, I can't stay that long, but it was very nice of you to tell me all about it. I wish you a merry Saint Nicholas time!
Zolangas long askanto be able (can)ikIhelaasalasnietnotblijven,to stay (belijven)maarbuthetit; thewasto be (irregular)ergvery; badvriendelijkfriendly, kindvanof, fromUyou (polite)omsmile atmijmealleseverythingeroverabout ittetovertellen.tellIkIwensto wishUyou (polite)eenaprettigemerry, pleasantSinterklaasSinterklaastoe!to
The particulars
- The course
- Valette, Dutch Conversation-Grammar (1913) and its Key (1893); Defense Language Institute, Dutch Refresher Course, Books I to III (1961). Public domain. The teaching pages, the readings' English, the answers to the conversations and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Max Havelaar, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents