Italian · The Games of Life
Il fermaglio
The Clasp
Tap a sentence to open its words.
- 1
Francesco was working under the portico when Speranza, nicknamed Disperazione, arrived with an interesting piece of news.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of lavoravalavoravawas workinglavorare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesottoundersotto · prepositionpreposition marking porticoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of porticoporticoporticoportico · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of lavoravaquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of giunseSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of giunsesoprannominatanicknamedsoprannominare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmodifies SperanzaDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper noundirect object of soprannominatagiunsearrivedgiungere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on lavoravaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking notiziaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of notizianotiziapiece of newsnotizia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of giunseinteressanteinterestinginteressante · adjective, singularmodifies notizia - 2
"I saw your sweetheart."
Hohaveavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of vistovistoseenvedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of innamoratatuayourtuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on innamoratainnamoratasweetheartinnamorato · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of visto - 3
But the young man, almost buried in a heap of broom-straw, went on stitching the broom he held in his hands, and did not even answer.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of giovanettogiovanettoyoung mangiovanetto · noun, masculine, singularsubject of continuòquasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies sepoltosepoltoburiedseppellire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclause modifying giovanettoininin · prepositionpreposition marking mucchiounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of mucchiomucchioheapmucchio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sepoltodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking sagginasagginabroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, singularmodifies mucchiocontinuòcontinuedcontinuare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of cucirecucirestitchingcucire · verb, infinitivecomplement of continuòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scopascopabroomscopa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of cucirechethatche · pronoundirect object of tenevatenevaheldtenere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on scopafrainfra · prepositionpreposition marking maniletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of manimanihandsmano · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of tenevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies risposerisposeansweredrispondere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with continuòneppureevenneppure · adverbmodifies rispose An intense silence, the silence of the blazing middays of the Po lowlands, wrapped the house of the wealthy Magrini family, rising out of a field of ripe maize.
Unanuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of avvolgevaintensointenseintenso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies silenzioiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to silenziodeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking meriggimeriggimiddaysmeriggio · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies silenzioardentiblazingardente · adjective, pluralmodifies meriggidelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking bassebasselowlandsbassa · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies meriggidelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking PoPoPoPo · proper nounmodifies basseavvolgevawrappedavvolgere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of avvolgevadeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking ricchiricchiwealthyricco · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies MagriniMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper nounmodifies ricchiemergenterisingemergente · adjective, singularmodifies casadaout ofda · prepositionpreposition marking campounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of campocampofieldcampo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of emergentediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking granonegranonemaizegranone · noun, masculine, singularmodifies campomaturoripematuro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies granoneOf the twenty people who lived there, only the old paralyzed grandmother, blind and deaf, Francesco the farmhand, and Disperazione, just back from one of her usual rambles, remained in the house at that hour.
Delleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking personeventitwentyventi · numeralquantifies personepersonepeoplepersona · noun, feminine, pluralobject of preposition Dellechewhoche · pronounsubject of abitavanol’itlo · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of abitavanoabitavanolivedabitare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on personerestavanoremainedrestare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceininin · prepositionpreposition marking casacasathe housecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of restavanoaata · prepositionpreposition marking oraquell’thatquello · determiner, singulardeterminer of oraorahourora · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of restavanolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnavecchiaoldvecchio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of restavanoparaliticaparalyzedparalitico · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnaciecablindcieco · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsordadeafsordo · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with ciecaFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of restavano, coordinated with nonnailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of famigliofamigliofarmhandfamiglio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies Francescoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of restavano, coordinated with nonnaA pet's name in the household, meaning literally "despair" in Italian; the text does not specify the species.
rientratahaving returnedrientrare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularparticipial clause modifying Disperazioneinatin · prepositionpreposition marking momentoquelthatquello · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of momentomomentomomentmomento · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of rientratadafromda · prepositionpreposition marking unaunaoneuno · pronoun, feminine, singularobject of preposition dadelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking scorribandesuehersuo · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on scorribandesoliteusualsolito · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies scorribandescorribanderamblesscorribanda · noun, feminine, pluralobject of preposition delle, complement of una- 4
A fierce hunger made the little girl like a starving cat; so, unmoved by Francesco's silence, she darted into the great empty kitchen and began to rummage.
Unaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of famefamehungerfame · noun, feminine, singularsubject of rendevaferocefierceferoce · adjective, singularmodifies famerendevamaderendere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of bambinabambinalittle girlbambino · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of rendevasimilelikesimile · adjective, singularmodifies bambinaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking gattounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of gattogattocatgatto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of simileaffamatostarvingaffamato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies gattosenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of impressionarsiquindisoquindi · adverbmodifies impressionarsiimpressionarsibeing troubledimpressionarsi · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on slanciòperbyper · prepositionpreposition marking silenzioiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of impressionarsidiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco'sFrancesco · proper nounmodifies silenzioellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of slanciòLiterary/archaic pronoun for "she", equivalent to modern lei.
siherselfsi · pronounreflexive object of slanciòslanciòdartedslanciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenellainto thein il · prepositionpreposition marking cucinagrandegreatgrande · adjective, singularmodifies cucinacucinakitchencucina · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of slanciòdesertaemptydeserto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cucinaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcominciòbegancominciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with slanciòatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of frugarefrugarerummagefrugare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cominciò - 5
"Nothing; nothing; of course, those wretches never leave me anything!" she cried; but she must have found something after all, because a moment later Francesco no longer heard the noise of drawers opened and the cupboard banged.
NienteNothingniente · pronoun, masculine, singularhead of the phrasenientenothingniente · pronoun, masculine, singularhead of the phrasesiitsi · pronounimpersonal subject of sasais knownsapere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceIdiom si sa, "it's well known / of course".
nonnotnon · adverbmodifies lascianomimemi · pronoun, singulardirect object of lascianolascianoleavelasciare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with samainevermai · adverbmodifies lascianonienteanythingniente · pronoun, singulardirect object of lascianoqueithosequello · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of bruttibruttiwretchesbrutto · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of lascianoellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of gridògridòcriedgridare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdovettemust havedovere · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of trovarepoithenpoi · adverbmodifies trovaretrovarefoundtrovare · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentencequalchesomequalche · determiner, singulardeterminer of cosacosathingcosa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of trovareperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of udìdopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking momentounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of momentomomentomomentmomento · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of udìFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of udìnonnotnon · adverbmodifies udìudìheardudire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularhead of the causal clause modifying trovarepiùany longerpiù · adverbmodifies udìiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of rumorerumorenoiserumore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of udìdeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking cassetticassettidrawerscassetto · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies rumoreapertiopenedaperto · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies cassettieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking armadioarmadiocupboardarmadio · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with cassettisbattutobangedsbattuto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies armadio Silence.
SilenzioSilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phraseOnly in the distance, beyond the hedge that closed off the bright background of the field, a guinea-fowl scattered out its chattering call.
SoloOnlysolo · adverbmodifies lontananzaininin · prepositionpreposition marking lontananzalontananzathe distancelontananza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of sgranavaalto thea il · prepositionpreposition marking làdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking làlàbeyondlà · adverbhead of the al di là phrase, modifies sgranavaIdiom al di là di, "beyond/on the far side of".
dellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking siepesiepehedgesiepe · noun, feminine, singularobject of della, within phrase modifying sgranavachethatche · pronounsubject of chiudevachiudevaclosed offchiudere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on siepelotheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sfondosfondobackgroundsfondo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of chiudevaluminosobrightluminoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies sfondodelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking campocampofieldcampo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies sfondounaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of gallinagallinafowlgallina · noun, feminine, singularsubject of sgranavafaraonaguineafaraona · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies gallinaGallina faraona, "guinea fowl", named for its speckled, Pharaoh-like plumage.
sgranavascattered outsgranare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cantosuoitssuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cantocantocallcanto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of sgranavachiacchierinochatteringchiacchierino · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies canto- 6
Francesco stitched and stitched, twisting a green cord together with a red one.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of cucivacucivastitchedcucire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecucivastitchedcucire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with cucivaThe verb is repeated for emphasis, "stitched and stitched".
intrecciandotwistingintrecciare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on cucivaunoauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of spagospagocordspago · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of intrecciandoverdegreenverde · adjective, singularmodifies spagoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking spagounoauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of spagospagocordspago · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of intrecciandorossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies spago The earthy color of his face and his rust-colored hair blurred into the color of the broom-straw.
IlTheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of colorecolorecolorcolore · noun, masculine, singularsubject of confondevaterreoearthyterreo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies coloredelofdi il · prepositionpreposition marking visosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularmodifies coloreeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdeiofdi il · prepositionpreposition marking capellisuoihissuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with visorugginosirust-coloredrugginoso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies capellisi(reflexive)si · pronounreflexive marker of confondevaconfondevablurredconfondersi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking colorecolorecolorcolore · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of confondevadelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking sagginesagginebroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies coloreSo he dreamed, in the silence of the hour: he saw again a boat crossing the shining water of the river; and in the boat a small woman with black hair, a white face and a red mouth, going away, far, far away.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sognavasognavadreamedsognare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecosìsocosì · adverbmodifies sognavanelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sognavadell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking oraorahourora · noun, feminine, singularmodifies silenziorivedevasaw againrivedere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of rivedevaattraversarecrossingattraversare · verb, infinitivecomplement of rivedeval’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of attraversarelucenteshininglucente · adjective, singularmodifies acquadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking fiumefiumeriverfiume · noun, masculine, singularmodifies acquaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnellain thein il · prepositionpreposition marking barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularlocates donninaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donninadonninalittle womandonnina · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasedaiwithda il · prepositionpreposition marking capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies donninaneriblacknero · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies capellidalwithda il · prepositionpreposition marking visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with capellibiancowhitebianco · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies visoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of boccaboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with capellirossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies boccachewhoche · pronounsubject of andavaandavawas goingandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on donninaviaawayvia · adverbmodifies andavalontanofarlontano · adverbmodifies andavalontanofarlontano · adverbmodifies andavaShe, however, was to return.
EllaSheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of tornareperòhoweverperò · adverbmodifies tornaredovevawas todovere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of tornaretornarereturntornare · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceShe, however, had not come back again….
EllaSheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of tornataperòhoweverperò · adverbmodifies tornatanonnotnon · adverbmodifies tornataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of tornatatornatacome backtornare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentencepiùagainpiù · adverbmodifies tornata- 7
In the next room a hoarse, labored cough sounded, like that of a little dog with a cold: it was the old grandmother waking.
Nellain thein il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of risuonòattiguanextattiguo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies camerarisuonòsoundedrisuonare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of tossetossecoughtosse · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of risuonòraucahoarserauco · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies tosseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstentatalaboredstentato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies tosse, coordinated with raucacomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking quellaquellathatquello · pronoun, feminine, singularoblique complement of stentatad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking cagnolinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cagnolinocagnolinolittle dogcagnolino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies quellaraffreddatowith a coldraffreddato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cagnolinoerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to nonnalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnavecchiaoldvecchio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasechewhoche · pronounsubject of svegliavasiherselfsi · pronounreflexive marker of svegliavasvegliavawas waking upsvegliarsi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on nonna - 8
"Eh, Speranza?"
Eheheh · interjectionhead of the phraseSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounvocative address - 9
No answer.
Nessunanonessuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of rispostarispostaanswerrisposta · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrase - 10
"Speranza, Grandmother wants you," Francesco called out.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounvocative addresstiyoutu · pronoun, singulardirect object of vuolevuolewantsvolere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the quoted clauselatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of vuolegridòcalled outgridare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of gridò - 11
No answer.
Nessunanonessuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of rispostarispostaanswerrisposta · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrase - 12
"Speranza? Disperazione? Ow, ow, ow, God curse you.... You leave me all alone like a dog."
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounhead of the phraseDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounhead of the phraseAhiowahi · interjectionexclamationahiowahi · interjectioncoordinated with Ahiahiowahi · interjectioncoordinated with AhiDioGoddio · proper nounvocative addressteyoutu · pronoun, singulardirect object of stramaledissstramaledisscursestramaledire · verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceDialectal-flavored optative spelling for 'stramaledica' — 'may God curse you.'
Mimeio · pronoun, singulardirect object of lasciatelasciateleavelasciare · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencesolaalonesolo · adjective, feminine, singularcomplement of lasciatecomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking caneunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of canecanedogcane · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of lasciate - 13
"Disperazione?" Francesco shouted. "If you don't come out, I'll come and pull you by the hair."
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounhead of the phraseurlòshoutedurlare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of urlòSeifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vieninonnotnon · adverbmodifies vienivienicomevenire · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the conditional clausefuorioutfuori · adverbmodifies vienivengoI'll comevenire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtiyoutu · pronoun, singulardirect object of tirotiropulltirare · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with vengopeiby theper il · prepositionpreposition marking capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of tiro - 14
Then the dark little face, with eyes bigger than its mouth, appeared in the kitchen doorway; the whole cast of the child's features showed a strange satiety, a kind of nausea.
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies apparvelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of faccinafaccinalittle facefaccina · noun, feminine, singularsubject of apparvebrunadarkbruno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies faccinadagliwith theda il · prepositionpreposition marking occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies faccinapiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies grandigrandibiggergrande · adjective, pluralmodifies occhidellathan thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking boccaboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of grandiapparveappearedapparire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesull’in thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking usciousciodoorwayuscio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of apparvedellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking cucinacucinakitchencucina · noun, feminine, singularmodifies usciotuttawholetutto · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on fisionomialatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of fisionomiafisionomialookfisionomia · noun, feminine, singularsubject of esprimevadellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking bimbabimbachildbimbo · noun, feminine, singularmodifies fisionomiaesprimevashowedesprimere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of sazietàsazietàsatietysazietà · noun, femininedirect object of esprimevastranastrangestrano · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies sazietàunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of speciespeciekindspecie · noun, femininecoordinated with sazietàdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking nauseanauseanauseanausea · noun, feminine, singularmodifies specie - 15
"You've eaten the butter, I'll bet," said Francesco, menacingly.
Haihaveavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularauxiliary of mangiatomangiatoeatenmangiare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of burroburrobutterburro · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of mangiatoscommettoI betscommettere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularparenthetical clausedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularparallel clause to mangiatoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of disseminacciosomenacinglyminaccioso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies Francesco - 16
"You're a servant," the little girl insulted him. "Shut up."
Tuyoutu · pronoun, singularsubject of seiseiareessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularcopula linking to servounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of servoservoservantservo · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of seilohimlui · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of insultòinsultòinsultedinsultare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ragazzinaragazzinalittle girlragazzino · noun, feminine, singularsubject of insultòStabestare · verb, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencezittoquietzitto · adjective, masculine, singularcomplement of Sta - 17
"And what are you? Taken in out of charity, that's what. Just try being good for once!" Francesco shouted, seeing the little one grow wild, ready to fling herself at him and scratch him.
Eande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtuyoutu · pronoun, singularsubject of seicosawhatcosa · pronoun, singularpredicate complement of seiseiareessere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularcopula linking to cosaRaccoltataken inraccogliere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularpredicate complement of seiperout ofper · prepositionpreposition marking caritàcaritàcharitycarità · noun, femininemodifies Raccoltaseiyou areessere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceProvatryprovare · verb, present, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’bitpo’ · adverbmodifies Provasewhetherse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of buonaseiareessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularcopula linking to buonabuonagoodbuono · adjective, feminine, singularadverbial clause on Provagridòshoutedgridare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of gridòvedendoseeingvedere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on gridòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of piccinapiccinalittle onepiccina · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of vedendoanimarsibecome animatedanimarsi · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of vedendoselvaggiawildselvaggio · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with animarsiprontareadypronto · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with selvaggiaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking gettarglisigettarglisifling herself at himgettarsi · verb, infinitiveoblique complement of prontaaddosso(particle)addosso · adverbmodifies gettarglisieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgraffiarloscratch himgraffiare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with gettarglisi He too let the broom slide between his open legs, and put himself on guard, ready to defend himself — or, if need be, to attack.
Anch’tooanche · adverbmodifies egliegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of lasciòlasciòletlasciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencescivolareslidescivolare · verb, infinitivecomplement of lasciòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scopascopabroomscopa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scivolarefrabetweenfra · prepositionpreposition marking gambeletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of gambegambelegsgamba · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of scivolareaperteopenaperto · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies gambeeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsihimselfsi · pronounreflexive object of misemiseputmettersi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with lasciòinonin · prepositionpreposition marking posizioneposizionepositionposizione · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of misediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking difesadifesadefensedifesa · noun, feminine, singularmodifies posizioneeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationoccorrendoif neededoccorrere · verb, gerundparenthetical clausediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking offesaoffesaattackoffesa · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with difesaBut the fight never took place because the grandmother called out again, moaning and cursing.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of lottalottafightlotta · noun, feminine, singularsubject of ebbenonnotnon · adverbmodifies ebbeebbetookavere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceluogoplaceluogo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ebbeperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of chiamòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of chiamòchiamòcalled outchiamare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on ebbeancoraagainancora · adverbmodifies chiamòlamentandosimoaninglamentarsi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on chiamòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmaledicendocursingmaledire · verb, gerundcoordinated with lamentandosiDisperazione softened, slipped along the wall, through the heaps of pale broom-straw cluttering the portico, and went into the room.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of intenerìs’(herself)si · pronounreflexive object of intenerìintenerìsoftenedintenerirsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencescivolòslippedscivolare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with intenerìlungoalonglungo · prepositionpreposition marking paretelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of pareteparetewallparete · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of scivolòfrathroughfra · prepositionpreposition marking mucchiitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of mucchimucchiheapsmucchio · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of scivolòdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking scopescopebroom-strawscopa · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies mucchibiondepalebiondo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies scopechethatche · pronounsubject of ingombravanoingombravanoclutteringingombrare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on mucchiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of porticoporticoporticoportico · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ingombravanoedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationentròwententrare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with intenerìnellainto thein il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of entròFrancesco went back to his work, and since the child, half spiteful, half caressing, spoke loudly to make herself heard by the old woman, he overheard what she said.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of ripreseripresewent back toriprendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of lavorosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on lavorolavoroworklavoro · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ripreseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsiccomesincesiccome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of parlavalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of bambinabambinachildbambino · noun, feminine, singularsubject of parlavaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’bitpo’ · adverbmodifies dispettosadispettosaspitefuldispettoso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies bambinaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’bitpo’ · adverbmodifies carezzevolecarezzevolecaressingcarezzevole · adjective, singularmodifies bambinaparlavaspokeparlare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with ripreseain aa · prepositionpreposition marking vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of parlavaaltaloudalto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vocepertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of farsifarsimake herselffarsi · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on parlavaudireheardudire · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of farsidallaby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking vecchiavecchiaold womanvecchia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of udireegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sentìsentìoverheardsentire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with ripreseiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of discorsosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on discorsodiscorsospeechdiscorso · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of sentì- 18
"I was on the embankment, watching the Stefanini children bathing.
Sonohaveessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of statastatabeenessere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentencesull’on thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking argineargineembankmentargine · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of statapertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of vederevederewatchvedere · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on stataitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of figlifiglichildrenfiglio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of vederediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking StefaniniStefaniniStefaniniStefanini · proper nounmodifies figlichewhoche · pronounsubject of bagnanosi(themselves)si · pronounreflexive object of bagnanobagnanobathebagnare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on figli Ooh, how skinny they are!
Uhoohuh · interjectionhead of the phrasecomehowcome · adverbmodifies magrisonoareessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralcopula linking to magrimagriskinnymagro · adjective, masculine, pluralpredicate complement of sonoOne nearly went under.
UnoOneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of andatoquasinearlyquasi · adverbmodifies andatoèhasessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of andatoandatogoneandare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionpreposition marking fondofondobottomfondo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of andatoandare a fondo is idiomatic for 'to sink/go under'.
Then, look, a little cart went by.
EccoLookecco · adverbhead of the phrasechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of passaEcco che is a narrative idiom, roughly 'and then/lo and behold'.
poithenpoi · adverbmodifies passapassagoes bypassare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of Eccounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of carrettinocarrettinolittle cartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of passaDo you know who was in the cart?
SapeteDo you knowsapere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencechiwhochi · pronounsubject of erac’thereci · pronounexpletive with eraerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of Sapetenelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking carrettinocarrettinocartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of era- 19
"What have you got in your hand, my darling?" the grandmother broke in. "What a smell of tobacco!"
CheWhatche · interrogative pronoundirect object of haihaihave you gotavere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceininin · prepositionpreposition marking manomanohandmano · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of haivisceredarlingviscere · noun, feminine, pluralvocative addressviscere ('innards') used as a term of endearment, like 'my darling'.
bellebeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies viscereinterruppebroke ininterrompere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of interruppeCheWhat ache · determinerdeterminer of odoreodoresmellodore · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrasediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies odore - 20
"Yes, it's tobacco; have some," the child offered, quite seriously.
SìYessì · interjectiondiscourse markerèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of èprendetenetake someprendere · verb, imperative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the quoted clauseprendete + ne ('some of it'), imperative.
offrìofferedoffrire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of bimbabimbachildbimbo · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of offrìconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking serietàserietàseriousnessserietà · noun, feminineoblique complement of offrì - 21
"Who gave it to you?"
ChiWhochi · pronounsubject of datoteto youte · pronoun, singularindirect object of datoloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of datohahasavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of datodatogivendare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentence - 22
Disperazione, perhaps not knowing, or not wanting to explain, where the tobacco had come from, went back to her story about the cart.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of ripresenonnotnon · adverbmodifies sapendosapendoknowingsapere · verb, gerundgerund clause modifying ripreseforseperhapsforse · adverbmodifies sapendoooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies volendovolendowantingvolere · verb, gerundcoordinated with sapendospiegareto explainspiegare · verb, infinitivecomplement of volendolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of provenienzaprovenienzaoriginprovenienza · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of spiegaredelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies provenienzaripresewent back toriprendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of raccontoraccontostoryracconto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ripresedelabout thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking carrettinocarrettinocartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies racconto - 23
"It went along ever so slowly; there was a bag inside it, like the parish priest's.
Andavawentandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepianinoslowlypianino · adverbmodifies Andavapianinoslowlypianino · adverbcoordinated with pianinoc’thereci · pronounexpletive with eraerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedentroinsidedentro · adverbmodifies eraunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of borsaborsabagborsa · noun, feminine, singularsubject of erasimilelikesimile · adjective, singularmodifies borsaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking quellaquellathe onequello · pronoun, feminine, singularoblique complement of similedelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking prevostoprevostoparish priestprevosto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies quella Of course — it was coming from Milan.
SfidoOf coursesfidare · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularparenthetical exclamationSfido (lit. 'I challenge/dare') is idiomatic for 'of course/no wonder'.
venivawas comingvenire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedafromda · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of veniva- 24
"How do you know it was coming from Milan?"
ComeHowcome · interrogative adverbmodifies saisaido you knowsapere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of venivavenivawas comingvenire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of saidafromda · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of veniva - 25
"Well, Eva was there, Francesco's sweetheart, in a fine red dress with a chain and a red fan....
EhWelleh · interjectiondiscourse markerc’thereci · pronounexpletive with eraerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of eral’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of innamoratainnamoratasweetheartinnamorato · noun, feminine, singularin apposition to Evadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies innamorataconincon · prepositionpreposition marking vestitounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of vestitobelfinebello · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitovestitodressvestito · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of erarossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of catenacatenachaincatena · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with vestitocolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies catenarossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ventaglio a great big fan, red as fire....
unauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrasegrandebiggrande · adjective, singularmodifies ventagliograndebiggrande · adjective, singularcoordinated with granderossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with grandecomeascome · prepositionpreposition marking fuocoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fuocofuocofirefuoco · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of rossoShe's fat now, Eva is….
Èisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to grassagrassafatgrasso · adjective, feminine, singularhead of the phraseoranowora · adverbmodifies grassaEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of grassa- 26
Francesco did not hear what the grandmother said; he heard nothing more at all.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of udìnonnotnon · adverbmodifies udìudìheardudire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencequellowhatquello · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of udìchethatche · pronoundirect object of dissedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on quellolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of dissenonnotnon · adverbmodifies udìudìheardudire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies nullanullanothingnulla · pronoun, singulardirect object of udì A red flame, like the glow of the fan Speranza had described, brushed his face and burned his eyes.
UnaAuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vampavampaflamevampa · noun, feminine, singularsubject of sfioròrossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vampacomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking riflessoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of riflessoriflessoglowriflesso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sfioròdelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies riflessodescrittodescribeddescrivere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmodifies ventagliodabyda · prepositionpreposition marking SperanzaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounagent of descrittoglihisgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of sfioròdative pronoun expressing possession of the body part (viso).
sfioròbrushedsfiorare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of sfioròglihisgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of bruciòdative pronoun expressing possession of the body part (occhi).
bruciòburnedbruciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sfioròglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of bruciòThe broom with its red and green cords slid once more between the young man's thin legs, and for long minutes he did not pick it up again.
LaTheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scopascopabroomscopa · noun, feminine, singularsubject of scivolòconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking spaghiglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of spaghispaghicordsspago · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies scoparossiredrosso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies spaghieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationverdigreenverde · adjective, pluralcoordinated with rossiscivolòslidscivolare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencediagaindi · prepositionpreposition marking nuovodi nuovo is a fixed idiom meaning 'again/once more'.
nuovoagainnuovo · adjective, masculine, singularoblique complement of scivolòfrabetweenfra · prepositionpreposition marking gambeletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of gambegambelegsgamba · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of scivolòsottilithinsottile · adjective, pluralmodifies gambedelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giovinettogiovinettoyoung mangiovinetto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies gambeeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationperforper · prepositionpreposition marking minutilunghilonglungo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies minutiminutiminutesminuto · noun, masculine, pluraldepends on ripreseegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of ripresenonnotnon · adverbmodifies ripreselaitla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of ripreseripresepicked up againriprendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence- 27
Eva had come back!
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of tornataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of tornatatornatacome backtornare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentence She had come back on a little cart, dressed in red, "with a big, big red fan, with the chain."
Erahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of tornatatornatacome backtornare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentencesuonsu · prepositionpreposition marking carrettinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of carrettinocarrettinolittle cartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of tornatavestitadressedvestire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularparallel clause to tornatadiindi · prepositionpreposition marking rossorossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularoblique complement of vestitaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking ventagliounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vestitarossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ventagliograndebiggrande · adjective, singularmodifies ventagliograndebiggrande · adjective, singularcoordinated with grandeconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking catenalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of catenacatenachaincatena · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with ventaglioShe had left by boat, in a faded, sallow little dress, pale, thin, all white — Francesco remembered it as if it were yesterday — and now she came back dressed in red, with the fan, fat, and no doubt red in the face too.
Erahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of partitapartitaleftpartire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceinbyin · prepositionpreposition marking barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of partitaconincon · prepositionpreposition marking vestitinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of vestitinovestitinolittle dressvestitino · noun, masculine, singularobject of con, complement of partitagiallognolosallowgiallognolo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitinoscoloritofadedscolorito · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with giallognolopallidapalepallido · adjective, feminine, singulardescribes the subject of partitamagrinathinmagrino · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with pallida, describing the subjectbiancawhitebianco · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with magrina, describing the subjectbiancawhitebianco · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with biancaReduplication ('bianca bianca') intensifies: 'all white'.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of ricordavaloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of ricordavaricordavarememberedricordare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the parenthetical clausecomeas ifcome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fossefossewereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularverb of the come-clauseieriyesterdayieri · adverbpredicate complement of fosseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtornavacame backtornare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with partitavestitadressedvestire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcomplement of tornavadiindi · prepositionpreposition marking rossorossoredrosso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vestitacolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with vestita, describing the subjectgrassafatgrasso · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with vestita, describing the subjectcertono doubtcerto · adverbmodifies rossaanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies rossarossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularadditional complement of tornavaininin · prepositionpreposition marking visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of rossaAh, the shameless woman!
Ahahah · interjectionhead of the phrasesvergognatashameless womansvergognato · noun (from adjective), feminine, singularin apposition to AhWhy was she coming back?
Perchèwhyperché · adverbmodifies tornavaOlder grave-accent spelling of modern perché.
tornavawas coming backtornare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceYes, he knew why.
Sìyessì · interjectiondiscourse markeregliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sapevaloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of sapevasapevaknewsapere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceShe was now living with a pharmacist; she had grown tired of sewing quilts at the Bocconi Brothers' and had traded the sallow little dress for the red one….
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of vivevaoranowora · adverbmodifies vivevavivevawas livingvivere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking farmacistaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of farmacistafarmacistapharmacistfarmacista · noun, singularoblique complement of vivevas’herselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of stancataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of stancatastancatagrown tiredstancarsi · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the clausediofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of cucirecuciresewingcucire · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on stancatatrapuntequiltstrapunta · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of cuciredaiatda il · prepositionpreposition marking FratelliFratelliBrothersFratelli · proper nounoblique complement of cucireBocconiBocconiBocconi · proper noundepends on Fratellieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of cambiatocambiatotradedcambiare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcoordinated with stancatailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of vestitinovestitinolittle dressvestitino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of cambiatogiallognolosallowgiallognolo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitinocolfor thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking vestitovestitodressvestito · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of cambiatorossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitoOne of Francesco's masters, who often went to Milan, had seen her at the theater too, and also at the ball-game; once with one man, the second time with another.
Unooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of avevadeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking padronipadronimasterspadrone · noun, masculine, pluralpartitive complement of Unodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies padronichewhoche · pronounsubject of andavaandavawentandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on padronispessooftenspesso · adverbmodifies andavaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of andaval’herla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of vistaavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of vistavistaseenvedere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies teatroaata · prepositionpreposition marking teatroteatrotheaterteatro · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vistaeppoiand theneppoi · conjunctionlinks the coordinationanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies giocoalat thea il · prepositionpreposition marking giocogiocogamegioco · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with teatro, oblique complement of vistadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking pallonepalloneballpallone · noun, masculine, singularmodifies giocounaoneuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of voltavoltatimevolta · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phraseconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking uomounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of uomouomomanuomo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies voltalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of voltasecondasecondsecondo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies voltavoltatimevolta · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with volta (una volta)conwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking altrounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of altroaltroanotheraltro · pronoun, masculine, singularanaphoric to uomo (elliptical)She was enjoying herself, growing plump, had fans with chains….
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of divertivasiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of divertivadivertivawas enjoyingdivertirsi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceingrassavawas growing plumpingrassare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with divertivaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with divertivadeisomedi il · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of ventagliventaglifansventaglio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of avevaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking catenalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of catenacatenachaincatena · noun, feminine, singularmodifies ventagli- 28
Almost without realizing it, Francesco leapt to his feet, fists clenched: his small green eyes, sunk between his enormous forehead and jutting cheekbones, shone with tears and anger.
Quasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies accorgersenesenzawithoutsenza · prepositionpreposition marking accorgerseneaccorgersenerealizing itaccorgersi · verb, infinitive, reflexive with clitic neadverbial clause on balzòFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of balzòbalzòleaptbalzare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceintoin · prepositionpreposition marking piedipiedifeetpiede · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of balzòawitha · prepositionpreposition marking pugnipugnifistspugno · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of balzòstretticlenchedstretto · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies pugniitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhisuoihissuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on occhipiccolismallpiccolo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of brillavanoverdigreenverde · adjective, pluralmodifies occhiincassatisunkincassare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying occhitrabetweentra · prepositionpreposition marking frontelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of frontefronteforeheadfronte · noun, singularoblique complement of incassatienormeenormousenorme · adjective, singularmodifies fronteeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of zigomizigomicheekboneszigomo · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with frontesporgentijuttingsporgente · adjective, pluralmodifies zigomibrillavanoshonebrillare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencediwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking lagrimelagrimetearslacrima · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of brillavanoOlder literary spelling of lacrima ('tear').
eande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking colleracolleraangercollera · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with lagrime But at once he seemed to sink back into his usual sick man's resignation.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsubitoat oncesubito · adverbmodifies parveegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of parveparveseemedparere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceripiombaresink backripiombare · verb, infinitivecomplement of parvenellainto thein il · prepositionpreposition marking rassegnazionesuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on rassegnazionesolitausualsolito · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies rassegnazionerassegnazioneresignationrassegnazione · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of ripiombarediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking malatomalatosick manmalato · noun, masculine, singularmodifies rassegnazioneHe sat down, sinking again among the reddish broom-straw, but he could not go back to his work.
Sedettesat downsedere · verb, past (preterite), indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesprofondandosisinkingsprofondarsi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on Sedettenuovamenteagainnuovamente · adverbmodifies sprofondandosifraamongfra · prepositionpreposition marking saggineletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of sagginesagginebroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of sprofondandosirossastrereddishrossastro · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies sagginemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies riprenderepotècouldpotere · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of riprendereriprenderego back toriprendere · verb, infinitivecomplement of potèiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of lavorolavoroworklavoro · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of riprendereHis sick heart pounded and pounded, and with every breath he felt a stab: it seemed to him that inside his chest a little serpent had woken, stinging and biting the poor heart it lay coiled beside.
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuoresuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singularsubject of battevamalatosickmalato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cuorebattevapoundedbattere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencebattevapoundedbattere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrepeated for emphasis, coordinated with battevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationadwitha · prepositionpreposition marking respiroognieveryogni · determiner, singulardeterminer of respirorespirobreathrespiro · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sentivaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sentivasentivafeltsentire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with battevaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of punturapunturastabpuntura · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of sentivaglito himlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of svegliatodentroinsidedentro · prepositionpreposition marking pettoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pettosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of svegliatosiupsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of svegliatofossehadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of svegliatosvegliatowokensvegliare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of parevaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of serpentelloserpentellolittle serpentserpentello · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of svegliatochethatche · pronounsubject of pungevapungevawas stingingpungere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on serpentelloeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmordevawas bitingmordere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pungevailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuorepoveropoorpovero · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of mordevavicinobesidevicino · adverbpreposition marking quale, combined with alalto thea il · preposition, contraction of a + ilpreposition marking quale, combined with vicinoqualewhichquale · pronoun, singularoblique complement of annidatostavawasstare · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of annidatoannidatocoiledannidare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on cuore- 29
Speranza reappeared, a red bowl hanging from the forefinger of her right hand, hidden behind her back, and passed by silently, with her kitten's gait, heading for the cellar.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of riapparveriapparvereappearedriapparire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking scodellaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scodellascodellabowlscodella · noun, feminine, singularobject of conrossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies scodellaappesahangingappendere · verb, past participle, feminine, singularmodifies scodellaall’from thea il · prepositionpreposition marking indiceindiceforefingerindice · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of appesadellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking manomanohandmano · noun, feminine, singularmodifies indicedestrarightdestro · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies manonascostahiddennascosto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies manodietrobehinddietro · prepositionpreposition marking schienalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of schienaschienabackschiena · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of nascostaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpassòpassedpassare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with riapparvesilenziosamentesilentlysilenziosamente · adverbmodifies passòconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking andaturalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of andaturasuahersuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on andaturaandaturagaitandatura · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of passòdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking gattinogattinokittengattino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies andaturaavviandosiheadingavviarsi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on passòversotowardverso · prepositionpreposition marking cantinalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cantinacantinacellarcantina · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of avviandosi - 30
"Speranza," Francesco called.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper noundirect object of chiamòchiamòcalledchiamare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of chiamò But the little girl did not answer, and he judged it wiser to wait, so as not to irritate her.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ragazzettaragazzettalittle girlragazzetta · noun, feminine, singularsubject of risposenonnotnon · adverbmodifies risposerisposeansweredrispondere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of giudicògiudicòjudgedgiudicare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with risposeprudentewiseprudente · adjective, singularcomplement of giudicòaspettareto waitaspettare · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of giudicòperso asper · prepositionintroduces the clause of irritarlanonnotnon · adverbmodifies irritarlairritarlato irritate herirritare la · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on aspettare- 31
He waited a few minutes.
Attesewaitedattendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencequalchea fewqualche · determiner, singulardeterminer of minutominutominuteminuto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of Attese Speranza reappeared, the bowl full of wine, and tried to pass unnoticed, turning her back on Francesco; he noticed the maneuver perfectly well, but still said nothing.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of riapparveriapparvereappearedriapparire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking scodellalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scodellascodellabowlscodella · noun, feminine, singularobject of conpienafullpieno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies scodelladiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vinovinowinevino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of pienaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcercòtriedcercare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with riapparveditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of passarepassarepasspassare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cercòinosservataunnoticedinosservato · adjective, feminine, singularcomplement of passarevolgendoturningvolgere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on passareletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of spallespallebackspalla · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of volgendoatoa · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounoblique complement of volgendoegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of accorsesi(reflexive)si · pronounexpletive with accorseaccorsenoticedaccorgersi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencebenissimovery wellbene · adverbmodifies accorsedellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking manovramanovramaneuvermanovra · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of accorsemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtacquesaid nothingtacere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with accorseancorastillancora · adverbmodifies tacque- 32
Silence again.
Diofdi · prepositionpart of the idiom di nuovo"di nuovo" is a fixed idiom meaning "again".
nuovoagainnuovo · adjective, masculine, singularpart of the idiom di nuovosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrase Then Francesco heard the old grandmother drinking the wine with a grumble of pleasure, and Speranza cautiously rummaging about the room.
Poithenpoi · adverbmodifies sentìFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of sentìsentìheardsentire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bevevalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnavecchiaoldvecchio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of bevevabevevawas drinkingbere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of sentìiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of vinovinowinevino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of bevevaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking brontolìounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of brontolìobrontolìogrumblebrontolìo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of bevevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking piacerepiacerepleasurepiacere · noun, masculine, singularmodifies brontolìoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationchethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of frugavaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of frugavafrugavawas rummagingfrugare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with bevevacautamentecautiouslycautamente · adverbmodifies frugavaperaboutper · prepositionpreposition marking cameralatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of frugava- 33
"Speranza?" he called.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper noundirect object of chiamòchiamòcalledchiamare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence - 34
As usual, no answer.
Alasa il · prepositionpart of the idiom al solitosolitousualsolito · noun, masculine, singularobject of Alnessunanonessuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of rispostarispostaanswerrisposta · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrase He waited a little longer, seized suddenly by a nervous tremor.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of aspettòaspettòwaitedaspettare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceancoralongerancora · adverbmodifies aspettòunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’bitpoco · adverbdirect object of aspettòassalitoseizedassalire · verb, past participle, masculine, singularclause modifying Egliimprovvisamentesuddenlyimprovvisamente · adverbmodifies assalitodabyda · prepositionpreposition marking tremitounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of tremitotremitotremortremito · noun, masculine, singularagent of assalitonervosonervousnervoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies tremito- 35
"I want.... I want to know...." he said to himself, getting up.
VoglioI wantvolere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencevogliowantvolere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of saperesapereto knowsapere · verb, infinitivecomplement of vogliodissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencefratofra · prepositionpreposition marking sèsèhimselfsè · pronounoblique complement of dissealzandosigetting upalzarsi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on disse He went up to the doorway and saw Speranza climbed up, almost hanging from the back of a chair, in front of a little holy-water font.
S’(reflexive)si · pronounexpletive with avvicinòavvicinòapproachedavvicinare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceall’to thea il · prepositionpreposition marking usciousciodoorwayuscio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of avvicinòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with avvicinòSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper noundirect object of videarrampicataclimbed uparrampicato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies Speranzaquasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies sospesasospesahangingsospeso · adjective, feminine, singularclause modifying Speranzasullafromsu il · prepositionpreposition marking spallieraspallierabackspalliera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of sospesadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking seggiolaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of seggiolaseggiolachairseggiola · noun, feminine, singularmodifies spallieradavantiin frontdavanti · prepositionpreposition marking acquasantieraadofa · prepositionpart of the phrase davantiunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of acquasantierapiccolalittlepiccolo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies acquasantieraacquasantieraholy-water fontacquasantiera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of videThe grandmother, her great pink face veined with red and violet, dozed in her small, faintly foul-smelling bed: an indescribable disorder reigned in the room; the drawers of the dresser were all open.
Latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of sonnecchiavacolwithcon il · prepositionpreposition marking visograngreatgrande · adjective, singularmodifies visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sonnecchiavaroseopinkroseo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies visovenatoveinedvenare · verb, past participle, masculine, singularclause modifying visodiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking rossorossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularoblique complement of venatoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking violettoviolettovioletvioletto · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with rossosonnecchiavawas dozingsonnecchiare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenelinin il · prepositionpreposition marking lettucciosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on lettucciolettucciosmall bedlettuccio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sonnecchiavaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’bitpoco · adverbmodifies puzzolentepuzzolentefoul-smellingpuzzolente · adjective, singularmodifies lettucciounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of disordinedisordinedisorderdisordine · noun, masculine, singularsubject of regnavaindescrivibileindescribableindescrivibile · adjective, singularmodifies disordineregnavareignedregnare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenellainin il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of regnavaitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of cassetticassettidrawerscassetto · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of apertidelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking canteranocanteranodressercanterano · noun, masculine, singularmodifies cassettieranowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcopula linking to apertituttialltutto · pronoun, masculine, pluralmodifies apertiapertiopenaperto · adjective, masculine, pluralpredicate adjective with erano- 36
From the doorway Francesco saw his own face reflected in the mirror above the dresser, and felt a great sadness.
Dall’from theda il · prepositionpreposition marking usciousciodoorwayuscio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of videFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of videvidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of visosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of videriflessoreflectedriflettere · verb, past participle, masculine, singularclause modifying visonelloin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking specchiospecchiomirrorspecchio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of riflessopostoplacedporre · verb, past participle, masculine, singularclause modifying specchiosopraabovesopra · prepositionpreposition marking canteranoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of canteranocanteranodressercanterano · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of postoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationprovòfeltprovare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with videunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of tristezzagrandegreatgrande · adjective, singularmodifies tristezzatristezzasadnesstristezza · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of provò Ah, how ugly he had become!
Ahahah · interjectiondiscourse markercom’howcome · adverbmodifies diventatoegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of diventatoerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of diventatodiventatobecomediventare · verb, past participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencebruttouglybrutto · adjective, masculine, singularcomplement of diventatoEva, seeing him, would not even have recognized him.
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of riconosciutovedendoloseeing himvedere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on riconosciutononnotnon · adverbmodifies riconosciutol’himlo · pronoun, singulardirect object of riconosciutoavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of riconosciutoriconosciutorecognizedriconoscere · verb, past participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceneppureevenneppure · adverbmodifies riconosciutoAlmost without realizing it he stepped into the room, and went to look at himself in the mirror, leaning over the open drawer.
Quasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies accorgersenesenzawithoutsenza · prepositionpreposition marking accorgerseneaccorgersenerealizing itaccorgersi · verb, infinitive, reflexive with clitic necomplement of senzaaccorgersene = accorgersi + the clitic ne, "of it".
egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of avanzòs’(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexiveexpletive with avanzòavanzòsteppedavanzare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenellain thein il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of avanzòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandòwentandare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with avanzòatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of guardarsiguardarsilook at himselfguardare si · verb, infinitivecomplement of andònelloin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking specchiospecchiomirrorspecchio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of guardarsisporgendosileaningsporgere si · verb, gerundadverbial clause on guardarsisulover thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking cassettocassettodrawercassetto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sporgendosiapertoopenaperto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cassetto- 37
Speranza trembled, frightened, and flew down off the chair: a butterfly could not have done it more lightly or more silently.
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of tremòtremòtrembledtremare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencespaventatafrightenedspaventato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies Speranzaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvolòflewvolare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with tremògiùdowngiù · adverbmodifies volòdallaoff theda il · prepositionpreposition marking sediasediachairsedia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of volòunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of farfallafarfallabutterflyfarfalla · noun, feminine, singularsubject of fattononnotnon · adverbmodifies fattoloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of fattoavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of fattofattodonefare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencepiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies lievementelievementelightlylievemente · adverbmodifies fattoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies silenziosamentesilenziosamentesilentlysilenziosamente · adverbcoordinated with lievemente But at once, seeing Francesco intent on looking at himself, she was reassured and placed herself behind the young man.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsubitoat oncesubito · adverbmodifies rassicuròvedendoseeingvedere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on rassicuròFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper noundirect object of vedendointentointentintento · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies Francescoaona · prepositionintroduces the clause of guardarsiguardarsilooking at himselfguardare si · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on intentosiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexiveexpletive with rassicuròrassicuròreassuredrassicurare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexiveexpletive with misemiseplacedmettere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with rassicuròdietrobehinddietro · prepositionpreposition marking giovineiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of giovinegiovineyoung mangiovane · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of misegiovine is an older spelling of giovane, "young man."
- 38
The slightly tilted mirror reflected the two figures, so different from each other: Francesco, thin, earth-colored, with hair like red broom-straw and small greenish glassy eyes, his cheeks hollow and his mouth still small and childlike, livid with sickness; Disperazione, dark, like a little black kitten with a white muzzle, with big languid eyes and cropped hair, black and shining.
Lotheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of specchiospecchiomirrorspecchio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of riflettevaalquantoslightlyalquanto · adverbmodifies inclinatoinclinatotiltedinclinato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies specchioriflettevareflectedriflettere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of figurineduetwodue · numeralquantifies figurinefigurinefiguresfigurina · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of riflettevacosìsocosì · adverbmodifies diversediversedifferentdiverso · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies figurineFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounhead of the phrasemagrothinmagro · adjective, masculine, singularin apposition to Francescoterreoearth-coloredterreo · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with magrocoiwithcon il · prepositionpreposition marking capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies Francescodilikedi · prepositionpreposition marking sagginasagginabroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, singularmodifies capellirossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies sagginaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiettiocchiettilittle eyesocchietto · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with capellidiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vetrovetroglassvetro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies occhiettiverdolinogreenishverdolino · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vetroletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of guancieguanciecheeksguancia · noun, feminine, pluralin apposition to Francescoinfossatehollowinfossato · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies guancieeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of boccaboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with guancieancorastillancora · adverbmodifies piccolapiccolasmallpiccolo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies boccaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationinfantilechildlikeinfantile · adjective, singularcoordinated with piccolaillividitamade lividillividire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmodifies boccadalby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking malemalesicknessmale · noun, masculine, singularagent of illividitaDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounhead of the phrasebrunadarkbruno · adjective, feminine, singularin apposition to Disperazionesimilelikesimile · adjective, singularmodifies Disperazioneatoa · prepositionpreposition marking gattinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of gattinogattinokittengattino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of simileneroblacknero · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies gattinodalwith ada il · prepositionpreposition marking musinomusinomuzzlemusino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies gattinobiancowhitebianco · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies musinocoiwithcon il · prepositionpreposition marking occhigrandibiggrande · adjective, pluralmodifies occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies Disperazionelanguidilanguidlanguido · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies occhieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with occhirasicroppedraso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies capellineriblacknero · adjective, masculine, pluralcoordinated with rasieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlucidishininglucido · adjective, masculine, pluralcoordinated with rasi - 39
"What are you doing?" she said, seeing the other lingering there, "why are you crying?"
Cosawhatcosa · pronoun, singulardirect object of faifaiare you doingfare · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of dissedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencevedendoseeingvedere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on dissechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of indugiaval’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of altroaltrootheraltro · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of indugiavas’(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexiveexpletive with indugiavaindugiavawas lingeringindugiare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of vedendoperchèwhyperché · adverb, interrogativeintroduces the questionpiangiare you cryingpiangere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the question - 40
Francesco then realized he was crying, and shook his head: a tear brushed his tightened chin and fell onto one of the countless objects cluttering the drawer.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of accorseallorathenallora · adverbmodifies accorsesi(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexiveexpletive with accorseaccorserealizedaccorgersi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of piangevapiangevawas cryingpiangere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of accorseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationscosseshookscuotere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with accorselatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of testatestaheadtesta · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scosseunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of lagrimalagrimatearlacrima · noun, feminine, singularsubject of sfioròlagrima is an older spelling of lacrima, "tear."
glihisgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of sfioròsfioròbrushedsfiorare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of mentomentochinmento · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of sfioròcontrattotightenedcontratto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies mentoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandòwentandare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sfioròatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of caderecaderefallcadere · verb, infinitivecomplement of andòsuontosu · prepositionpreposition marking unounooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularoblique complement of caderedegliof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking oggettiinnumerevolicountlessinnumerevole · adjective, pluralmodifies oggettioggettiobjectsoggetto · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies unochethatche · pronounsubject of ingombravanoingombravanoclutteredingombrare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on oggettiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cassettocassettodrawercassetto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ingombravano He looked, and saw his tear on a gold clasp, formed by a coiled little serpent biting a small ruby, just as the little serpent he carried in his chest bit at his heart.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of guardòguardòlookedguardare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of lagrimasuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on lagrimalagrimatearlacrima · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of videlagrima is an older spelling of lacrima, "tear."
sopraonsopra · prepositionpreposition marking fermagliounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vided’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies fermagliocompostoformedcomporre · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclause modifying fermagliodabyda · prepositionpreposition marking serpentellounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of serpentelloserpentellolittle serpentserpentello · noun, masculine, singularagent of compostoattortigliatocoiledattortigliato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies serpentellochewhichche · pronounsubject of mordevamordevawas bitingmordere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on serpentellounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of rubinopiccolosmallpiccolo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies rubinorubinorubyrubino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of mordevacomeascome · conjunctionintroduces the comparison clause of mordevailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of serpentelloserpentellolittle serpentserpentello · noun, masculine, singularsubject of mordevachethatche · pronoundirect object of avevaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of avevaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on serpentellodentroinsidedentro · prepositionpreposition marking pettoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularcomplement of dentromordevabitmordere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the comparison clauseiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuoresuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of mordeva- 41
*
- 42
Eight days later.
Ottoeightotto · numeralquantifies giornigiornidaysgiorno · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phrasedopolaterdopo · adverbmodifies giorni Same hour, same scene.
Stessasamestesso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies oraorahourora · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasestessasamestesso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies scenascenascenescena · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with ora- 43
The same silence lay around the house, whose inhabitants — servants, masters and mistresses, save for Speranza, the blind old woman, and Francesco — were scattered here and there, some in the fields, some at neighboring houses, and some on the road with goods to sell.
LoTheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of silenziostessosamestesso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrase, subject of the implied verb of the clauseintornoaroundintorno · adverbforms compound preposition intorno a, marking casaallathea il · preposition+determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of intorno, modifying silenzioitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of abitatoricuiwhosecui · relative pronoun, possessiverefers back to casa, possessor of abitatoriabitatoriinhabitantsabitatore · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of eranoserviservantsservo · noun, masculine, pluralin apposition to abitatoripadronimasterspadrone · noun, masculine, pluralin apposition to abitatori, coordinated with servieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpadronemistressespadrona · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with padronitranneexcepttranne · prepositionintroduces the exception of SperanzaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nouncomplement of tranne, excepted from abitatorilatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vecchiavecchiaold womanvecchia · noun, feminine, singularin apposition to Speranzaciecablindcieco · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vecchiaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nouncoordinated with Speranza, also exceptederanowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcopula linking abitatori to sparsiunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po'po’bitpoco · adverbquantifies sparsisparsiscatteredsparso · adjective, masculine, pluralpredicate adjective with erano, describing abitatorichisomechi · pronoun, singulardistributive pronoun, in apposition to abitatorichi ... chi ... e chi is a distributive construction, 'some ... others ... and others'.
peiin theper il · preposition+determiner, masculine, pluralpreposition marking campicampifieldscampo · noun, masculine, pluralcomplement of pei, modifying chichisomechi · pronoun, singulardistributive pronoun, coordinated with chi (w25)peratper · prepositionpreposition marking caseletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of casecasehousescasa · noun, feminine, pluralcomplement of per, modifying chivicineneighboringvicino · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies caseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationchisomechi · pronoun, singulardistributive pronoun, coordinated with chi (w28)inonin · prepositionpreposition marking viaggioviaggiojourneyviaggio · noun, masculine, singularcomplement of in, modifying chiconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking mercanziemercanziegoodsmercanzia · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies viaggio - 44
The Magrini were quite well-off, and they worked too; two were merchants, one traveled about trading grain, broom-straw, brooms; but all of them, men and women, the grandmother included, all of them drank, stole from one another in the house, and cheerfully ruined each other in turn.
ITheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of MagriniMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper nounsubject of benestantieranowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcopula linking to benestantiassaiquiteassai · adverbmodifies benestantibenestantiwell-offbenestante · adjective, pluralhead of the phraseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlavoravanoworkedlavorare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with benestantianchetooanche · adverbmodifies lavoravanoduetwodue · numeralsubject of mercantieranowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcopula linking to mercantimercantimerchantsmercante · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phraseunooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of viaggiavaviaggiavatraveledviaggiare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with mercantipertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of negoziarenegoziaretradenegoziare · verb, infinitivecomplement of viaggiavagranigraingrano · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of negoziaresagginabroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with graniscopebroomsscopa · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with granimabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtuttialltutto · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of bevevano, resumed by tutti (w27)uominimenuomo · noun, masculine, pluralin apposition to tuttieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdonnewomendonna · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with uominicompresaincludedcompreso · adjective, feminine, singularabsolute construction modifying nonnalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of compresatuttialltutto · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of bevevanobevevanodrankbere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with rubavanorubavanostolerubare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceininin · prepositionpreposition marking casacasathe housecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rubavanosieach othersi · pronoun, reciprocalreciprocal pronoun with rovinavanorovinavanoruinedrovinare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with rubavanoallegramentecheerfullyallegramente · adverbmodifies rovinavanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationreciprocamentein turnreciprocamente · adverbcoordinated with allegramente Good-hearted people, but violent and reckless, the Magrini did good turns for everyone and quarreled with everyone.
GentePeoplegente · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking cuorebuongoodbuono · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singularmodifies Gentemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationviolentiviolentviolento · adjective, masculine, pluralcoordinated with Genteeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationincoscientirecklessincosciente · adjective, pluralcoordinated with violentiitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of MagriniMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper nounsubject of beneficavanobeneficavanodid good forbeneficare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb, subject Magrinituttieveryonetutto · pronoun, masculine, pluraldirect object of beneficavanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlitigavanoquarreledlitigare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with beneficavanoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking tuttituttieveryonetutto · pronoun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of litigavanoThey kept Disperazione, a poor orphan relative of theirs, in the house, but let her lead an almost wild life, and beat her regularly whenever one of them found her nearby.
Tenevanokepttenere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceininin · prepositionpreposition marking casacasathe housecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of TenevanoDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper noundirect object of Tenevanounaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of orfanapoverapoorpovero · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies orfanaorfanaorphanorfana · noun, feminine, singularin apposition to Disperazionelorotheirloro · determinerdepends on parenteparenterelativeparente · noun, singularin apposition to Disperazione, coordinated with orfanamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationleherle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of permettevanopermettevanoallowedpermettere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with Tenevanoditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of menaremenareleadmenare · verb, infinitivecomplement of permettevanounaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vitavitalifevita · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of menarequasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies selvaggiaselvaggiawildselvaggio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vitaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of bastonavanobastonavanobeatbastonare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with permettevanoregolarmenteregularlyregolarmente · adverbmodifies bastonavanoognieveryogni · determiner, singulardeterminer of voltavoltatimevolta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of bastonavanochethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of trovavaunooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of trovavadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking lorolorothemloro · pronoun, pluralmodifies unosehimselfsi · pronoun, dative reflexiveethical-dative reflexive marker with trovava'se la trovava vicina' is idiomatic ('found her nearby'); se adds no separate translatable meaning of its own.
laherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of trovavatrovavafoundtrovare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the che-clause modifying voltavicinanearbyvicino · adjective, feminine, singularcomplement of trovava- 45
Francesco too was a bit of a relation of theirs, and they kept him more out of charity than anything else, since the heart trouble that was undermining him, especially since Eva's desertion, did not allow him to do heavy work.
Anchetooanche · adverbmodifies FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of parenteerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to parenteunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of parentepo’bitpoco · adverbmodifies parentelorotheirloro · determinerdepends on parenteparenterelationparente · noun, singularhead of the phraseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of tenevanotenevanokepttenere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with erapiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies tenevanoperout ofper · prepositionpreposition marking caritàcaritàcharitycarità · noun, feminineoblique complement of tenevanochethanche · conjunction, comparativecomparative conjunction, thanperforper · prepositionpreposition marking altroaltroanything elsealtro · pronoun, masculine, singularcomplement of per, parallel to carità in the comparativepoichèsincepoiché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of permettevailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of malemaletroublemale · noun, masculine, singularsubject of permettevacardiacoheartcardiaco · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies malechethatche · pronoun, relativesubject of minavalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of minavaminavawas underminingminare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on malespecialmenteespeciallyspecialmente · adverbmodifies the phrase dopo l'abbandonodopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking abbandonol’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of abbandonoabbandonodesertionabbandono · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of minavadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies abbandonononnotnon · adverbmodifies permettevaglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of permettevapermettevaallowedpermettere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the poichè clauseditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of attendereattenderedoattendere · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of permettevaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking lavorilavoriworklavoro · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of attenderefaticosiheavyfaticoso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies lavori By now he was as weak as a little woman; and, like a woman, he was fit for nothing but stitching brooms, drawing water, and keeping an eye on the house.
OramaiBy noworamai · adverbmodifies eraegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of deboleerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to deboledeboleweakdebole · adjective, singularhead of the phrasecomeascome · prepositionpreposition marking donnicciuolaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnicciuoladonnicciuolalittle womandonnicciuola · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of deboleeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcomelikecome · prepositionintroduces the comparison with buonounaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnadonnawomandonna · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of come (comparative)nonnotnon · adverbmodifies buonoerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to buonobuonofitbuono · adjective, masculine, singularhead of the phrasechebutche · restrictive particlerestrictive particle with non...buono, meaning 'only'atoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of cucirecucirestitchcucire · verb, infinitivedepends on buonoscopebroomsscopa · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of cucireadtoa · prepositionpreposition marking attingerattingerdrawattingere · verb, infinitivecoordinated with cucireacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of attingeredande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of guardareguardarewatch overguardare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with cucirelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of guardareSometimes he saw to the housework, when the women, with the men away, slipped off here and there to gossip with the neighbors.
QualcheSomequalche · determiner, singulardeterminer of voltavoltatimevolta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of accudivaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of accudivaaccudivasaw toaccudire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceaithea il · preposition+determiner, masculine, pluralpreposition marking lavorilavorihouseworklavoro · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of accudivadomesticihouseholddomestico · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies lavoriquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fuggivanoletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of donnedonnewomendonna · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of fuggivanoininin · prepositionpreposition marking assenzaassenzaabsenceassenza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of fuggivanodegliof thedi il · preposition+determiner, masculine, pluralpreposition marking uominiuominimenuomo · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies assenzafuggivanoslipped offfuggire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the quando clausequaherequa · adverbmodifies fuggivanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlàtherelà · adverbcoordinated with quaatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of chiacchierarechiacchieraregossipchiacchierare · verb, infinitivecomplement of fuggivanoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking vicineletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of vicinevicineneighborsvicino · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of chiacchierare- 46
The guinea-fowl — the same one as the other day — called behind the hedge; Speranza rummaged desperately about the house, looking for something to eat, and the grandmother called in vain.
Latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of gallinagallinahengallina · noun, feminine, singularsubject of cantavafaraonaguineafaraona · noun, feminine, singular, used adjectivallymodifies gallina"gallina faraona" together is the Italian name for the guinea fowl.
latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of stessastessasamestesso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies gallinadell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giornoaltrootheraltro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies giornogiornodaygiorno · noun, masculine, singularcomplement of stessa (via dell’)cantavacalledcantare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedietrobehinddietro · prepositionpreposition marking siepelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of siepesiepehedgesiepe · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of cantavaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · noun, feminine, singularsubject of frugavafrugavarummagedfrugare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedisperatamentedesperatelydisperatamente · adverbmodifies frugavaperaboutper · prepositionpreposition marking casalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of frugavacercandolookingcercare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on frugavadatoda · prepositionintroduces the clause of mangiaremangiareeatmangiare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cercandoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of chiamavachiamavacalledchiamare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with frugavainvanoin vaininvano · adverbmodifies chiamava - 47
Francesco, more earth-colored and uglier than ever, sewed on, crossing the red and green cords, but every so often fell into a trance, remembering and waiting.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of cucivapiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies terreoterreoearth-coloredterreo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies Francescoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbruttouglybrutto · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with terreochethanche · conjunction, comparativecomparative correlative with più (than)maievermai · adverbcomplement of che (ever)cucivasewedcucire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceincrociandocrossingincrociare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on cucivaglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of spaghispaghicordsspago · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of incrociandorossiredrosso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies spaghieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationverdigreenverde · adjective, pluralcoordinated with rossimabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationognieveryogni · determiner, singulardeterminer of tantotantoso oftentanto · pronoun, masculine, singularadverbial phrase with ogni, modifies incantavas’(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of incantavaincantavafell into a tranceincantare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with cucivaricordandorememberingricordare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on incantavaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaspettandowaitingaspettare · verb, gerundcoordinated with ricordando A somber ardor shone in his eyes.
Unauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ardorecuposombercupo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ardoreardoreardorardore · noun, masculine, singularsubject of brillavaglihislo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of brillava (dative of possession)brillavashonebrillare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenegliin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of brillavaHe had seen Eva again, or rather he had seen a woman who once was called Eva, back when she was slender and gentle and all in white in the pale little dress faded from wear.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of rivedutoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of rivedutorivedutoseen againrivedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceEvaEvaEva · proper noundirect object of rivedutoooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmegliorathermeglio · adverbmodifies veduto (o meglio: or rather)avevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of vedutovedutoseenvedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcoordinated with rivedutounaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnadonnawomandonna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of vedutochewhoche · pronoun, relativesubject of chiamavaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of tempotempotimetempo · noun, masculine, singularadverbial phrase modifying chiamava (un tempo: once)si(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexive/passivepassive marker of chiamavachiamavawas calledchiamare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on donnaEvaEvaEva · proper nouncomplement of chiamavaquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of eraerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to sottilesottileslendersottile · adjective, singularpredicate adjective with eraeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgentilegentlegentile · adjective, singularcoordinated with sottileeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtuttaalltutto · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of biancabiancawhitebianco · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with sottilenelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking vestitinovestitinolittle dressvestitino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of biancachiaropalechiaro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies vestitinoimpalliditofadedimpallidire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmodifies vestitinodall’fromda il · prepositionpreposition marking usousowearuso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of impalliditoNow everything about her had changed: even her accent.
Oranowora · adverbmodifies mutatotuttoeverythingtutto · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of mutatoerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of mutatomutatochangedmutare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceininin · prepositionpreposition marking leileiherlei · pronoun, singularoblique complement of mutatopersinoevenpersino · adverbmodifies accentol’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of accentoaccentoaccentaccento · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phraseHer look and her smile, once tremulous and sweet like the river's water rippled by the morning wind, now stirred a strange feeling in whoever they were turned toward.
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sguardosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on sguardosguardolooksguardo · noun, masculine, singularsubject of destavanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sorrisosorrisosmilesorriso · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with sguardoalloraonceallora · adverbmodifies tremulitremulitremuloustremulo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies sguardo e sorrisoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdolcisweetdolce · adjective, pluralcoordinated with tremulicomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking acqual’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of comedelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking fiumefiumeriverfiume · noun, masculine, singularmodifies acquaincrespatarippledincrespare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmodifies acquadalby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking ventoventowindvento · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of increspatadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking mattinomattinomorningmattino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies ventooranowora · adverbmodifies destavanodestavanostirreddestare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sentimentosentimentofeelingsentimento · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of destavanostranostrangestrano · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies sentimentonellain thein il · prepositionpreposition marking personapersonapersonpersona · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of destavanoatoa · prepositionpreposition marking cuicuiwhomcui · pronounoblique complement of rivoltivenivanowerevenire · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralpassive auxiliary of rivoltirivoltiturnedrivolgere · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralrelative clause on personaFrancesco, meeting that look and that smile, had felt a flame run through his blood; his eyes had misted over; someone had shoved him furiously by the shoulders, throwing him close to Eva, arms open, trembling with the desire to embrace, clasp, smother the beautiful body of that woman dressed in red.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of sentitoricevendomeetingricevere · verb, gerundadverbial clause on sentitoquellothatquello · pronoun, masculine, singulardeterminer of sguardosguardolooksguardo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ricevendoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationquelthatquello · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sorrisosorrisosmilesorriso · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with sguardoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of sentitosentitofeltsentire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of fiammafiammaflamefiamma · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of sentitocorrerglirun through himcorrere · verb, infinitive + clitic pronouncomplement of sentitocorrergli = correre + attached clitic gli ("to him/his").
nelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking sanguesanguebloodsangue · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of corrergliglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of velatiglihisgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of velati (dative of possession)si(reflexive)si · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of velatieranohadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralauxiliary of velativelatimisted overvelare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralmain verb of the sentencequalcunosomeonequalcuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of spintolohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of spintoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of spintospintoshovedspingere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencefuriosamentefuriouslyfuriosamente · adverbmodifies spintoperbyper · prepositionpreposition marking spalleletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of spallespalleshouldersspalla · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of spintogettandolothrowing himgettare · verb, gerund + clitic pronounadverbial clause coordinated with spintogettandolo = gettando + attached clitic lo ("him").
vicinoclosevicino · adverbmodifies gettandolo (vicino ad: close to)adtoa · prepositionpart of the phrase vicinoEvaEvaEva · proper nounoblique complement of gettandoloconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking braccialetheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of bracciabracciaarmsbraccio · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of gettandoloaperteopenaperto · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies bracciatremantitremblingtremante · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies bracciadalwithda il · prepositionpreposition marking desideriodesideriodesiredesiderio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of tremantiditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of abbracciareabbracciareembraceabbracciare · verb, infinitiveclause modifying desideriostringereclaspstringere · verb, infinitivecoordinated with abbracciaresoffocaresmothersoffocare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with abbracciareiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of corpobellissimobeautifulbello · adjective, masculine, singular, superlativemodifies corpocorpobodycorpo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of soffocarediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking donnaquellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnadonnawomandonna · noun, feminine, singularmodifies corpovestitadressedvestire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying donnadiindi · prepositionpreposition marking rossorossoredrosso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vestitaShe had pushed him back, but without taking offense, without ceasing to smile, without lowering her bright eyes.
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of respintolohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of respintoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of respintorespintopushed backrespingere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencesenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of offendersiperòhoweverperò · adverbmodifies offendersioffendersitaking offenseoffendere si · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on respintosenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of cessarcessarceasingcessare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with offendersi"cessar" is the apocopated (truncated) form of cessare before di.
ditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of sorrideresorrideresmilesorridere · verb, infinitiveclause modifying cessarsenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of chinarechinareloweringchinare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with offendersiglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of chinareluminosibrightluminoso · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies occhi- 48
That night Francesco dreamed he was on the bank of the Po: the water was all a violent red, and great black barges, laden with worm-eaten wood, moved slowly down the river.
Quellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of sognòFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of sognòsognòdreamedsognare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarsitrovarsifind himselftrovarsi · verb, reflexive, infinitivecomplement of sognòinonin · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of trovarsialof thea il · preposition + determiner, masculine, singularpreposition marking PoPoPoPo · proper nounoblique complement of rival’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singularsubject of eraerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to tuttatuttaentirelytutto · pronoun, feminine, singularpredicate complement of erad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking rossounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of rossorossoredrosso · noun, masculine, singularobject of d’violentoviolentviolento · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies rossoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrandigreatgrande · adjective, pluralmodifies barchebarchebargesbarca · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of scendevanonereblacknero · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies barchecaricheladencarico · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies barchediwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking legnolegnowoodlegno · noun, masculine, singularmodifies carichetarlatoworm-eatentarlato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies legnoscendevanomoved downscendere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the second clause, coordinated with eralentamenteslowlylentamente · adverbmodifies scendevanoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fiumefiumeriverfiume · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of scendevano Francesco waited, sitting inside an old boat almost wedged into the sand.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of aspettavaaspettavawaitedaspettare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesedutosittingsedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on aspettavaentroinsideentro · prepositionpreposition marking barcaunaanuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of barcavecchiaoldvecchio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of sedutoquasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies incastrataincastratawedgedincastrare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying barcanellainto thein il · preposition + determiner, feminine, singularpreposition marking sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of incastrataThat boat belonged, or had belonged, to an old ferryman who had disappeared about three months before; no one had seen him since; no one knew whether he was dead or alive, and meanwhile no one, since he had no relatives, dared touch the boat that the sand was slowly swallowing.
Quellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularsubject of appartenevaappartenevabelongedappartenere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceodoro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of appartenutaappartenutabelongedappartenere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcoordinated with appartenevaadtoa · prepositionpreposition marking portinerunanuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of portinervecchiooldvecchio · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies portinerportinerferrymanportiner · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of appartenutaRegional/dialectal term for the local boatman who ferried people across the river; not standard Italian "portiere."
chewhoche · pronoun, relativesubject of scomparsocircaaboutcirca · adverbmodifies tretrethreetre · numeralquantifies mesimesimonthsmese · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of scomparsoprimabeforeprima · adverbmodifies mesierahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of scomparsoscomparsodisappearedscomparire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on portinernessunono onenessuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of vedutol’himlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of vedutoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of vedutopiùanymorepiù · adverbmodifies vedutovedutoseenvedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencenonnotnon · adverbmodifies sapevasionesi · pronoun, impersonalimpersonal subject marker of sapevaImpersonal si: "non si sapeva" = "it wasn't known / no one knew."
sapevaknewsapere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesewhetherse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mortoerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to mortomortodeadmorto · adjective, masculine, singularclausal complement of sapevaooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvivoalivevivo · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with mortoedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintantomeanwhileintanto · adverbmodifies osavanessunono onenessuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of osavapoichèsincepoiché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avevaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of avevanonnotnon · adverbmodifies avevaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the poichè-clauseparentirelativesparente · noun, pluraldirect object of avevaosavadaredosare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence, coordinated with sapevatoccaretouchtoccare · verb, infinitivecomplement of osavalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of toccarechethatche · pronoun, relativedirect object of inghiottivalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularsubject of inghiottivalentamenteslowlylentamente · adverbmodifies inghiottivainghiottivawas swallowinginghiottire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause verb on barcaOn that boat Eva had gone away; and often Francesco went to sit inside it, on the plank that was slowly rotting away, and stayed for hours and hours watching the flowing water.
Suonsu · prepositionpreposition marking barcaquellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of partitaerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of partitapartitaleftpartire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of partitaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationspessooftenspesso · adverbmodifies andavaFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of andavaandavawentandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of sedersisedersisitsedersi · verb, reflexive, infinitivecomplement of andavalàtherelà · adverbmodifies sedersidentroinsidedentro · adverbmodifies sedersisull’on thesu il · preposition + determiner, masculine, singularpreposition marking asseasseplankasse · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sedersichethatche · pronoun, relativesubject of corrodevasicorrodevasiwas rottingcorrodere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, with enclitic sirelative clause on asseArchaic literary style attaches the reflexive/passive "si" to the end of the verb: "corrodevasi" = modern "si corrodeva."
eande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstavastayedstare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence, coordinated with andavaorehoursora · noun, feminine, pluraladverbial complement of stavaedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationorehoursora · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with oreatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of contemplarecontemplarewatchcontemplare · verb, infinitivecomplement of staval’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of contemplarecorrenteflowingcorrente · adjective, singularmodifies acqua- 49
In his dream, then, he waited, waited for that woman dressed in red, who had promised to come: the sharp desire to see her, the fear that she would not come, and a vague, mysterious anguish made his heart pound and ache.
Nelinin il · preposition + determiner, masculine, singularpreposition marking sognosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on sognosognodreamsogno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of aspettavaaspettavawaitedaspettare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedunquethendunque · adverbmodifies aspettavaaspettavawaitedaspettare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with aspettavaquellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnadonnawomandonna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of aspettavavestitadressedvestire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying donnadiindi · prepositionpreposition marking rossorossoredrosso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vestitachewhoche · pronoun, relativesubject of promessoglihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of promessoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of promessopromessopromisedpromettere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on donnaditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of venirevenirecomevenire · verb, infinitivecomplement of promessoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of desideriodesideriodesiredesiderio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of facevanoacutosharpacuto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies desiderioditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of vederlavederlasee hervedere la · verb, infinitiveclause modifying desideriolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of paurapaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with desiderioch’thatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause modifying pauraellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of venisseLiterary/formal third-person pronoun for "she," older register than "lei."
nonnotnon · adverbmodifies venissevenissewould comevenire · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularclausal complement of pauraeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationun’auno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of angosciaangosciaanguishangoscia · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with desiderioindefinitaundefinedindefinito · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies angosciamisteriosamysteriousmisterioso · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with indefinitaglihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of facevanofacevanomadefare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencebatterepoundbattere · verb, infinitivecomplement of facevanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdolorareachedolorare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with battereiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of battere - 50
The black barges keep moving down, on the water all blood-red: an intense, sultry heat cuts off Francesco's breath.
Letheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of barchebarchebargesbarca · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of scendononereblacknero · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies barchescendonomove downscendere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencesemprestillsempre · adverbmodifies scendonosull’on thesu il · preposition + determiner, feminine, singularpreposition marking acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of scendonotuttaalltutto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies sanguignasanguignablood-redsanguigno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies acquaunanuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of caldocaldoheatcaldo · noun, masculine, singularsubject of mozzaintensointenseintenso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies caldoafososultryafoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies caldomozzacuts offmozzare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of respirorespirobreathrespiro · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of mozzadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies respiro And now the passing of a person stirs the whitish bushes on the bank; someone runs among the willows and the young poplars, and the rustle of leaves whispers like a breath of wind in the sultry, luminous silence.
Edande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationecconowecco · adverbmodifies agita"Ed ecco che" is an idiomatic way of announcing a sudden event: "and now/suddenly."
chethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of agitailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of passaggiopassaggiopassingpassaggio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of agitad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking personaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of personapersonapersonpersona · noun, feminine, singularmodifies passaggioagitastirsagitare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of cespuglicespuglibushescespuglio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of agitabiancastriwhitishbiancastro · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies cespuglidellaof thedi il · preposition + determiner, feminine, singularpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cespugliqualcunosomeonequalcuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of correcorrerunscorrere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencefraamongfra · prepositionpreposition marking saliciitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of salicisaliciwillowssalice · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of correedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of pioppipioppipoplarspioppo · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with salicinascentiyoungnascente · adjective, pluralmodifies pioppieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fruscìofruscìorustlefruscìo · noun, masculine, singularsubject of susurradelleof thedi il · preposition + determiner, feminine, pluralpreposition marking fogliefoglieleavesfoglia · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies fruscìosusurrawhisperssusurrare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking soffiounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of soffiosoffiobreathsoffio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies susurradiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking ventoventowindvento · noun, masculine, singularmodifies soffionelin thein il · preposition + determiner, masculine, singularpreposition marking silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies susurraafososultryafoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies silenzioeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationluminosoluminousluminoso · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with afosoWho is it?
Chiwhochi · pronounhead of the phraseèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to ChiIs it her?
Èisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to leileiherlei · pronoun, singularhead of the phraseSomeone appears…. but it is not her; it is Disperazione, barefoot, with an enormous straw hat with its brim turned back: her face, neck, and part of her chest are hidden; only her legs can be seen, red from the heat and scratched by the bushes, and her waist bound by an elastic belt that Francesco has already seen on Eva.
Qualcunosomeonequalcuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of appareappareappearsapparire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies èèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to leileiherlei · pronoun, singularpredicate of èèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounpredicate of èscalzabarefootscalzo · adjective, feminine, singularpredicate adjective describing Disperazioneconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking cappellounanuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cappelloenormeenormousenorme · adjective, singularmodifies cappellocappellohatcappello · noun, masculine, singularobject of condiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking pagliapagliastrawpaglia · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cappellodallewithda il · prepositionpreposition marking faldefaldebrimfalda · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies cappellorovesciateturned backrovesciato · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies faldeiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of visosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularsubject of passive nascostiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of collocolloneckcollo · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with visoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpartepartparte · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with visodelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies partesonoareessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralpassive auxiliary of nascostinascostihiddennascondere · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralmain verb of the sentencesi(passive marker)si · pronounforms the passive with scorgonosi + verb forms a passive here: si scorgono = 'are seen'.
scorgonoare seenscorgere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencesoloonlysolo · adverbmodifies gambeletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of gambegambelegsgamba · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of passive scorgonorosseredrosso · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies gambedalfrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking caldocaldoheatcaldo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of rossegraffiatescratchedgraffiare · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluralcoordinated with rosse, modifies gambedaiby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking cespuglicespuglibushescespuglio · noun, masculine, pluralagent of graffiateeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vitavitawaistvita · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with gambestrettaboundstringere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying vitadabyda · prepositionpreposition marking cinturaunaanuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cinturacinturabeltcintura · noun, feminine, singularagent of strettaelasticaelasticelastico · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cinturachethatche · pronoun, relativedirect object of vedutoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of vedutohahasavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of vedutogiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies vedutovedutoseenvedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause modifying cinturaadona · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounoblique complement of vedutoOn the belt shines the gold clasp, with the ruby, the very one on which the young man's tear had fallen.
Sullaon thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking cinturacinturabeltcintura · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of brillabrillashinesbrillare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of brillad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies fermagliocolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking rubinorubinorubyrubino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies fermagliosulonsu il · prepositionpreposition marking qualequalewhichquale · pronoun, singularoblique complement of cadutaèhasessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of cadutacadutafallencadere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularverb of the relative clause on rubinolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of lagrimalagrimatearlagrima · noun, feminine, singularsubject of cadutadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giovinettogiovinettoyoung mangiovinetto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies lagrimaA furious irritation seizes Francesco; what has the little imp come there to do?
Un’auno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of irritazioneirritazioneirritationirritazione · noun, feminine, singularsubject of invadefuriosafuriousfurioso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies irritazioneinvadeseizesinvadere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper noundirect object of invadechewhatche · pronoun, interrogativedirect object of fare (fronted)vienecomesvenire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the clauseatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of farefaredofare · verb, infinitivecomplement of vienelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of monellamonellalittle impmonello · noun, feminine, singularsubject of vienelaggiùtherelaggiù · adverbmodifies vieneTo spy?
Atoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of spiarespiarespyspiare · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceJust wait, though!
Aspettawaitaspettare · verb, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceperòthoughperò · adverbmodifies AspettaHe gets up, leaps onto the sand, runs after the big hat: the big hat flees, vanishes and reappears and seems to skip among the bushes.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of alzas’himselfsi · pronounreflexive pronoun with alzaalzagets upalzare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencebalzaleapsbalzare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with alzasullaonto thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of balzacorrerunscorrere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with alzadietroafterdietro · prepositionpreposition marking cappelloneiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cappellonecappellonebig hatcappellone · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of correiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cappellonecappellonebig hatcappellone · noun, masculine, singularsubject of fuggefuggefleesfuggire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencespariscevanishessparire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with fuggeeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationricompariscereappearsricomparire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sparisceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpareseemsparere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with fuggechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of saltellisaltelliskipssaltellare · verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singularclausal complement of parefraamongfra · prepositionpreposition marking cespugliitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of cespuglicespuglibushescespuglio · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of saltelliFrancesco runs, but suddenly his feet sink into the sand and he can no longer move.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of correcorrerunscorrere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationadata · prepositionpart of the idiom ad un trattounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of trattotrattosuddenlytratto · noun, masculine, singularadverbial phrase modifying affondanoad un tratto is an idiom meaning 'suddenly'.
itheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of piedisuoihissuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on piedipiedifeetpiede · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of affondanoaffondanosinkaffondare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the second clausenellainto thein il · prepositionpreposition marking sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of affondanoedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of puònonnotnon · adverbmodifies puòpuòcanpotere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of muoversipiùlongerpiù · adverbmodifies puòmuoversimovemuoversi · verb, infinitivecomplement of puòThe sand slowly swallows him, covering his feet, his legs, his waist, his chest….
Latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularsubject of inghiottelohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of inghiotteinghiotteswallowsinghiottire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelentamenteslowlylentamente · adverbmodifies inghiotteglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of coprecoprecoverscoprire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with inghiotteitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of piedipiedifeetpiede · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of copreletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of gambegambelegsgamba · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with piedilatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vitavitawaistvita · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with piediiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with piediThen he, mad with terror, screams, calling out for Disperazione.
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies gridaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of gridapazzomadpazzo · adjective, masculine, singularin apposition to eglidiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking terroreterroreterrorterrore · noun, masculine, singularmodifies pazzogridascreamsgridare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechiamandocallingchiamare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on gridaDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper noundirect object of chiamando- 51
One of his masters heard him scream and called out to him.
Unooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sentìdeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking padronisuoihissuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on padronipadronimasterspadrone · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies Unolohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of sentìsentìheardsentire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencegridarescreamgridare · verb, infinitivecomplement of sentìeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of chiamòchiamòcalledchiamare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sentì He woke up, and waking, it seemed to him he saw beside him the little girl with the big hat and the clasp; but under the turned-back brim there was, instead of Speranza's head, the face, the provoking eyes, the voluptuous smile of Eva.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of svegliòsihimselfsi · pronounreflexive pronoun with svegliòsvegliòwoke upsvegliare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsvegliandosiwakingsvegliarsi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on parveglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of parveparveseemedparere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with svegliòditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of vederevedereseevedere · verb, infinitivecomplement of parvevicinonearvicino · adverbadverbial phrase with a sè, modifies vedereatoa · prepositionpart of the phrase vicino asèhimselfsè · pronounoblique complement of vicinolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ragazzettaragazzettalittle girlragazzetta · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of vederecolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking cappellonecappellonebig hatcappellone · noun, masculine, singularmodifies ragazzettaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with cappellonemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsottoundersotto · prepositionpreposition marking faldeletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of faldefaldebrimfalda · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of erarovesciateturned backrovesciato · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies faldec’thereci · pronounexpletive with eraerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceinveceinsteadinvece · adverbmodifies testadellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking testatestaheadtesta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of eradiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking SperanzaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounmodifies testailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with testaglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with testaprovocantiprovokingprovocante · adjective, pluralmodifies occhiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of sorrisosorrisosmilesorriso · noun, masculine, singularsubject of era, coordinated with viso and occhivoluttuosovoluptuousvoluttuoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies sorrisodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies sorriso- 52
His heart pounded all night long, and it was during those sleepless hours that he conceived the idea of offering the girl a gift, since she had told several girls that her sweetheart from Milan had given her so many beautiful things.
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singularsubject of battèglito himgli · pronoun, dative clitic, masculine, singularindirect object of battèbattèpoundedbattere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencetuttaalltutto · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on nottelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularoblique time complement of battèeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfuwasessere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularcopula of the cleft clause, linking to oreduranteduringdurante · prepositionpreposition marking orequellethosequello · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of oreorehoursora · noun, feminine, pluralpredicate complement of fud’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking insonniainsonniasleeplessnessinsonnia · noun, feminine, singularmodifies orech’thatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the cleft clause of immaginòegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of immaginòimmaginòconceivedimmaginare · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of fu (cleft predicate)ditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of offrireoffrireofferingoffrire · verb, infinitivecomplement of immaginòunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of donodonogiftdono · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of offrireallato thea il · preposition, contracted with articlepreposition marking fanciullafanciullagirlfanciulla · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of offrirepoichèsincepoiché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reason clause on immaginòellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of dettoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of dettodettosaiddire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial reason clause on immaginòatoa · prepositionpreposition marking ragazzeparecchieseveralparecchio · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of ragazzeragazzegirlsragazza · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of dettochethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the reported-speech clause of regalatoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of innamoratosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on innamoratoinnamoratosweetheartinnamorato · noun, masculine, singularsubject of regalatodifromdi · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounmodifies innamoratoleto herle · pronoun, dative clitic, feminine, singularindirect object of regalatoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of regalatoregalatogivenregalare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the che-clause (complement of detto)tanteso manytanto · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of cosecosethingscosa · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of regalatobellebeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies cose - 53
"I'll give you a present," he told her as soon as he saw her again, "I'll give you something more beautiful and more precious than all the trinkets the other one gave you….
IoIio · pronoun, first-person, singularsubject of faròtiyouti · pronoun, dative clitic, second-person, singularindirect object of faròfaròwill givefare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of regaloregalopresentregalo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of faròegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of disseleto herle · pronoun, dative clitic, feminine, singularindirect object of dissedissetolddire · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the parenthetical dialogue tagappenaas soon asappena · adverbmodifies rividelaherlo · pronoun, accusative clitic, feminine, singulardirect object of rividerividesaw againrivedere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of dissetiyouti · pronoun, dative clitic, second-person, singularindirect object of daròdaròwill givedare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with faròunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cosacosasomethingcosa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of daròpiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies bellabellabeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cosaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies preziosapreziosapreciousprezioso · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with belladithandi · prepositionpreposition marking cianfrusaglie (comparative than)tuttealltutto · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on cianfrusaglieletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of cianfrusagliecianfrusaglietrinketscianfrusaglia · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of preziosachethatche · pronoun, relativedirect object of datotiyouti · pronoun, dative clitic, second-person, singularindirect object of datohahasavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of datodatogavedare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on cianfrusagliel’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of altroaltroother onealtro · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of dato A gold object….
Unauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of oggettooggettoobjectoggetto · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phrased’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies oggettoYou don't believe me!" he exclaimed, seeing her smile.
Tuyoutu · pronoun, second-person, singularsubject of credinonnotnon · adverbmodifies credicredibelievecredere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of esclamòesclamòexclaimedesclamare · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencevedendolaseeing hervedere · verb, gerund, with enclitic direct object 'la' (her)adverbial clause on esclamòsorrideresmilesorridere · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of vedendola"You think I couldn't have a gold object?
Tuyoutu · pronoun, second-person, singularsubject of credicredithinkcredere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avereioIio · pronoun, first-person, singularsubject of averenonnotnon · adverbmodifies possapossacouldpotere · auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singularauxiliary of avereaverehaveavere · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of crediunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of oggettooggettoobjectoggetto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of avered’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies oggettoIt's the only thing I have; it was my mother's."
Èisessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to cosal’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of cosaunicaonlyunico · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cosacosathingcosa · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasechethatche · pronoun, relativedirect object of hohohaveavere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularrelative clause on cosaerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to madrediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking madremiamymio · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on madremadremothermadre · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrase- 54
Eva smiled again: she did not ask him why he had not spoken of it before, why he had not given her that gold object before: what use would such a question have been?
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of sorrisesorrisesmiledsorridere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceancoraagainancora · adverbmodifies sorrisenonnotnon · adverbmodifies chieseglihimgli · pronoun, dative clitic, masculine, singularindirect object of chiesechieseaskedchiedere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceperchèwhyperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of parlatononnotnon · adverbmodifies parlatoglieneto her of itgliene · pronoun, fused dative + partitive clitic (to her, of it)indirect object and complement of parlatoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of parlatoparlatospokenparlare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on chieseprimabeforeprima · adverbmodifies parlatoperchèwhyperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of regalatononnotnon · adverbmodifies regalatoglieloit to herglielo · pronoun, fused dative + accusative clitic (to her, it)indirect and direct object of regalatoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of regalatoregalatogivenregalare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on parlatoprimabeforeprima · adverbmodifies regalatoquell’thatquello · determiner, singulardeterminer of oggettooggettoobjectoggetto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of regalato (in apposition to glielo)d’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies oggettoafora · prepositionpreposition marking che (a che = what use)chewhatche · pronoun, interrogativeobject of the preposition a (a che = what use)avrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of servitoservitoservedservire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencequestathisquesto · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of domandadomandaquestiondomanda · noun, feminine, singularsubject of servito The past was so far away!
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of passatopassatopastpassato · noun, masculine, singularsubject of eraerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to lontanotantosotanto · adverbmodifies lontanolontanofar awaylontano · adjective, masculine, singularpredicate complement of eraShe looked at Francesco, and seeing him so sallow, so thin, his bony face already looking like the face of a skeleton, she thought:
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of guardòguardòlooked atguardare · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper noundirect object of guardòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvedendoloseeing himvedere · verb, gerund, with enclitic direct object 'lo' (him)adverbial clause on pensòcosìsocosì · adverbmodifies giallogiallosallowgiallo · adjective, masculine, singularcomplement of vedendolocosìsocosì · adverbmodifies magromagrothinmagro · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with giallocolwithcon il · preposition, contracted with articlepreposition marking visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vedendoloosseobonyosseo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies visochewhichche · pronoun, relativesubject of sembravagiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies sembravasembravaseemedsembrare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on visoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of sembravad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking scheletrounoauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of scheletroscheletroskeletonscheletro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies visopensòthoughtpensare · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardò- 55
"He'll die soon; it's better that he give the ring (she imagined it must be a ring) to me.
Frainfra · prepositionpreposition marking pocopocosoonpoco · adverbcomplement of fra (fra poco = soon), modifies morràegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of morràmorràwill diemorire · verb, future, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceèisessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to megliomegliobettermeglio · adverbhead of the phrasechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dia (complement of meglio)l’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of anelloanelloringanello · noun, masculine, singulardislocated direct object of dia (resumed by lo)ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of immaginavas’herselfsi · pronoun, reflexive cliticreflexive object of immaginavaimmaginavaimaginedimmaginare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the parenthetical clausefossewasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularcomplement of immaginavaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of anelloanelloringanello · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of fosseloitlo · pronoun, accusative clitic, masculine, singulardirect object of diadiagivedare · verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singularmain verb of the che-clause, complement of meglioatoa · prepositionpreposition marking memememe · pronoun, singularoblique complement of dia After all, who else would he leave it to?"
Tantoafter alltanto · adverbmodifies lasciaatoa · prepositionpreposition marking chichiwhomchi · pronoun, interrogative, singularoblique complement of lascialoitlo · pronoun, accusative clitic, masculine, singulardirect object of lascialascialeavelasciare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence- 56
And she smiled at him, and he, once again, driven by an irresistible force, opened his arms to embrace her who was no longer his shy little Eva; but she pushed him back, without taking offense, without ceasing to smile.
Eande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgliat himgli · pronoun, dative clitic, masculine, singularindirect object of sorrisesorrisesmiledsorridere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the first coordinate clauseedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of aprìancoraagainancora · adverbmodifies aprìspintodrivenspingere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularparticipial clause modifying eglidabyda · prepositionpreposition marking forzaunaanuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of forzaforzaforceforza · noun, feminine, singularagent of spintoirresistibileirresistibleirresistibile · adjective, singularmodifies forzaaprìopenedaprire · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of bracciabracciaarmsbraccio · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of aprìpertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of stringerestringereembracestringere · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on aprìquellaherquello · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of stringerechewhoche · pronoun, relativesubject of eranonnonon · adverbmodifies era (non...più = no longer)erawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to Evapiùlongerpiù · adverbmodifies era (non...più = no longer)latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of Evasuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on Evapiccolalittlepiccolo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounpredicate complement of eratimidashytimido · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies Evamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of respinselohimlo · pronoun, accusative clitic, masculine, singulardirect object of respinserespinsepushed backrespingere · verb, past historic, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of offendersioffendersitaking offenseoffendersi · verb, infinitive, reflexiveadverbial clause on respinsesenzawithoutsenza · prepositionintroduces the clause of cessarecessareceasingcessare · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on respinse, coordinated with offendersiditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of sorrideresorrideresmilesorridere · verb, infinitivecomplement of cessare - 57
"Give me that object, then," she told him.
Regalamigive meregalare · verb, imperative, second-person, singular (with clitic mi)main verb of the quoted clausedunquethendunque · adverbmodifies Regalamiquell’thatquello · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of oggettooggettoobjectoggetto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of Regalamiglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of dissedissetolddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the tag clause "Give it to me before I leave."
Dammelogive it to medare · verb, imperative, second-person, singular (with clitics me + lo)main verb of the sentenceprimabeforeprima · adverbintroduces the clause of ripartachebeforeche · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase primaprima che is a two-word conjunction meaning "before"; che carries no separate meaning of its own here.
ripartaleaveripartire · verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singularadverbial clause on DammeloThen….
Poithenpoi · adverbhead of the phrase- 58
"Where? Here?"
Dovewheredove · adverbhead of the phraseQuiherequi · adverbhead of the phrase - 59
"No: I'll tell you where. I'll come to the Magrini's tomorrow, and if I see you, I'll tell you where we can meet."
Nonono · interjectionhead of the phrasetiyouti · pronoun, second-person, singularindirect object of diròdiròwill telldire · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceioIio · pronoun, first-person, singularsubject of diròdovewheredove · adverbcomplement of diròVerròwill comevenire · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedaito theda i · prepositionpreposition marking MagriniMagriniMagrini’sMagrini · proper nounoblique complement of Verròdomanitomorrowdomani · adverbmodifies Verròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vedròtiyouti · pronoun, second-person, singulardirect object of vedròvedròseevedere · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularadverbial clause on diròtiyouti · pronoun, second-person, singularindirect object of diròdiròwill telldire · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with Verròdovewheredove · adverbmodifies vedercipotremocanpotere · auxiliary verb, future, indicative, first-person, pluralauxiliary of vedercivedercimeetvedere ci · verb, infinitivecomplement of potremo - 60
*
- 61
Now he waited, in the portico cluttered with broom-straw.
Oranowora · adverbmodifies aspettavaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of aspettavaaspettavawaitedaspettare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking porticoporticoporticoportico · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of aspettavaingombroclutteredingombro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies porticodiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking sagginasagginabroom-strawsaggina · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of ingombro He felt the same suffocating restlessness he had felt in the dream, when he had seemed to be waiting for Eva sitting on the plank of the abandoned boat.
Provavafeltprovare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of inquietudinestessasamestesso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies inquietudineinquietudinerestlessnessinquietudine · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of Provavasoffocantesuffocatingsoffocante · adjective, singularmodifies inquietudinechethatche · pronoundirect object of provatoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of provatoprovatofeltprovare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on inquietudineininin · prepositionpreposition marking sognosognodreamsogno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of provatoquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of parsoglito himgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of parsoerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of parsoparsoseemedparere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on Provavaditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of attendereattenderewait forattendere · verb, infinitivecomplement of parsoEvaEvaEva · proper noundirect object of attenderesedutosittingsedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement of attenderesull’on thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking asseasseplankasse · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sedutodellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking barcabarcaboatbarca · noun, feminine, singularmodifies asseabbandonataabandonedabbandonato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies barcaWould she come?
Sarebbewouldessere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of venutavenutacomevenire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceWhere would she tell him to go?
Dovewheredove · adverbmodifies dettoglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of dettoavrebbewouldavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of dettodettotelldire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of andareandaregoandare · verb, infinitivecomplement of dettoWhere?
Dovewheredove · adverbhead of the phraseThe place of the meeting worried him strangely; he tried to think only of that, perhaps also to escape the thought of what was to happen, because that thought tore at his heart.
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of postopostoplaceposto · noun, masculine, singularsubject of preoccupavadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking convegnoconvegnomeetingconvegno · noun, masculine, singularmodifies postolohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of preoccupavapreoccupavaworriedpreoccupare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencestranamentestrangelystranamente · adverbmodifies preoccupavaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of cercavacercavatriedcercare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of pensarepensarethinkpensare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cercavasoltantoonlysoltanto · adverbmodifies ciòaofa · prepositionpreposition marking ciòciòthatciò · pronoun, singularoblique complement of pensareforseperhapsforse · adverbmodifies sfuggireanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies sfuggirepertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of sfuggiresfuggireescapesfuggire · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on cercavaalthea il · prepositionpreposition marking pensieropensierothoughtpensiero · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sfuggirediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking ciòciòthatciò · pronoun, singularcomplement of pensierochethatche · pronounsubject of avveniredovevawas todovere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of avvenireavvenirehappenavvenire · verb, infinitiverelative clause on ciòperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of straziavaquestothisquesto · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pensieropensierothoughtpensiero · noun, masculine, singularsubject of straziavaglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of straziavastraziavatorestraziare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on cercavailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of straziavaAnd yet his whole life now, all the little life left to him, was concentrated in the anguished desire for the moment of pleasure promised by Eva's smile.
Eppureand yeteppure · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtuttawholetutto · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on vitalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vitasuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on vitavitalifevita · noun, feminine, singularsubject of concentratoormainowormai · adverbmodifies vitatuttoalltutto · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on po’iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of po’po’littlepoco · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to vitapo' (apocope of poco) restates "vita" as "the little life left to him," in apposition to the first vita.
diofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vitavitalifevita · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of po’chethatche · pronounsubject of restavaglito himgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of restavarestavawas leftrestare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on po’erawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularpassive auxiliary of concentratoconcentratoconcentratedconcentrare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencenelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking desideriodesideriodesiredesiderio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of concentratoangosciosoanguishedangoscioso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies desideriodell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking attimoattimomomentattimo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies desideriodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking piacerepiacerepleasurepiacere · noun, masculine, singularmodifies attimopromessopromisedpromettere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclause modifying piaceredalby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking sorrisosorrisosmilesorriso · noun, masculine, singularagent of promessodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies sorrisoHe did not deceive himself much; he felt, he knew, that she would have promised him nothing without hope of the gift; she would sell herself to him, as to anyone else; but it was exactly this certainty that made him die of grief.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of illudevanonnotnon · adverbmodifies illudevas’himselfsi · pronounreflexive object of illudevailludevadeceivedilludere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemoltomuchmolto · adverbmodifies illudevasentivafeltsentire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sapevasapevaknewsapere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencech’thatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of promessoellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of promessononnotnon · adverbmodifies promessoglihimgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of promessoavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of promessopromessopromisedpromettere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of sapevanientenothingniente · pronoun, singulardirect object of promessosenzawithoutsenza · prepositionpreposition marking speranzalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of speranzasperanzahopesperanza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of promessodelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking regaloregalogiftregalo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies speranzaellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of vendutasiherselfsi · pronounreflexive object of vendutasarebbewouldessere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of vendutavendutasellvendere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionpreposition marking luiluihimlui · pronoun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vendutacomeascome · prepositionpreposition marking altroatoa · prepositionpreposition marking altroqualsiasianyqualsiasi · determiner, singulardeterminer of altroaltrootheraltro · pronoun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vendutamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationappuntoexactlyappunto · adverbmodifies facevaquestathisquesto · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of certezzacertezzacertaintycertezza · noun, feminine, singularsubject of facevalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of facevafacevamadefare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemorirediemorire · verb, infinitiveclausal complement of facevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking doloredoloregriefdolore · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of morire- 62
*
- 63
When, however, he saw her arrive, in the silence of midday, her face burning like a red rose, Francesco felt almost ashamed of his hopes.
Quandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of videperòhoweverperò · adverbmodifies videlaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of videvidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on ebbearrivarearrivearrivare · verb, infinitivecomplement of videnelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of arrivaredelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking meriggiomeriggiomiddaymeriggio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies silenziocolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking visovisofaceviso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of arrivareardenteburningardente · adjective, singularmodifies visocomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking rosaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of rosarosaroserosa · noun, feminine, singularmodifies visorossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies rosaFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of ebbeebbefeltavere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencequasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies vergognavergognashamevergogna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of ebbedelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking speranzesuehissuo · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on speranzesperanzehopessperanza · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies vergogna It was not possible.
Nonnotnon · adverbmodifies possibileerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to possibilepossibilepossiblepossibile · adjective, singularhead of the phraseShe looked like a lady, with her little red parasol, her necklace of yellow pearls and her petticoats trimmed with lace.
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of sembravasembravaseemedsembrare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of signorasignoraladysignora · noun, feminine, singularpredicate complement of sembravaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking ombrellinol’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of ombrellinoombrellinoparasolombrellino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sembravarossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ombrellinoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking collanalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of collanacollananecklacecollana · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with ombrellinodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking perleperlepearlsperla · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies collanagialleyellowgiallo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies perleeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of sottanesottanepetticoatssottana · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with collanaguarnitetrimmedguarnito · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluralmodifies sottanediwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking merlettomerlettolacemerletto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies guarnite- 64
He let the broom fall, ashamed that Eva should have found him stitching the humble tool, and got up very slowly.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of lasciòlasciòletlasciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecaderefallcadere · verb, infinitivecomplement of lasciòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scopascopabroomscopa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of lasciò (logical subject of cadere)vergognandosiashamedvergognarsi · verb, gerund, reflexiveadverbial gerund modifying Egli/lasciòchethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avesse trovatoEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of trovatolohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of trovatoavessehadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of trovatotrovatofoundtrovare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement of vergognandosiaata · prepositionintroduces the clause of cucirecucirestitchingcucire · verb, infinitivecomplement of trovatol’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of arneseumilehumbleumile · adjective, singularmodifies arnesearnesetoolarnese · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of cucireeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsihimselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun with alzòalzògot upalzarsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with lasciòpianoslowlypiano · adverbmodifies alzòpianoslowlypiano · adverbintensifies piano - 65
She stopped at the door, tapped one foot after the other to shake the dust off her yellow shoes, then closed her parasol.
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of fermòsiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun with fermòfermòstoppedfermarsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesullaatsu il · prepositionpreposition marking portaportadoorporta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of fermòsbattètappedsbattere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with fermòunooneuno · pronoun, masculine, singularmodifies piedi (manner phrase)dopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking altrol’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of altroaltrootheraltro · pronoun, masculine, singularobject of dopoitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of piedipiedifeetpiede · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of sbattèpertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of togliertogliershake offtogliere · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on sbattèlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of polverepolveredustpolvere · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of toglierdalleoffda il · prepositionpreposition marking scarpettescarpetteshoesscarpetta · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of togliergialleyellowgiallo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies scarpettepoithenpoi · adverbmodifies chiusechiuseclosedchiudere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with fermòl’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ombrellinoombrellinoparasolombrellino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of chiuse - 66
"Isn't there anyone here?"
Nonnotnon · adverbmodifies èc’thereci · pronounexpletive with èèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenessunoanyonenessuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of èquiherequi · adverbmodifies è - 67
Francesco, very pale, was afraid she would say aloud where they were to meet, and motioned toward the old woman's room, where Speranza had gone in a little before with the bowl full of wine.
FrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of ebbepallidissimovery palepallidissimo · adjective, masculine, singular, absmodifies Francescoebbehadavere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of ebbechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dicesseellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of dicesseglito himgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of dicessedicessewould saydire · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularcomplement clause of pauraaata · prepositionpreposition marking vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of dicessealtaloudalto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies voceininin · prepositionpreposition marking postoqualwhatquale · determiner, singulardeterminer of postopostoplaceposto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vedersidovevanowere todovere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralauxiliary of vedersivedersimeetvedersi · verb, infinitive, reciprocalcomplement clause of dicesseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaccennòmotionedaccennare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with ebbeallatowarda il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of accennòdellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking vecchiavecchiaold womanvecchia · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cameradovewheredove · adverbmodifies entrataSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of entrataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of entratapocoa littlepoco · adverbmodifies primaprimabeforeprima · adverbmodifies entrataentrataenteredentrare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularverb of the dove-clause, with eraconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking scodellalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scodellascodellabowlscodella · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of entratapienafullpieno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies scodelladiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vinovinowinevino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies scodella - 68
"Come tonight, around nine, to the embankment, above the millrace," Eva said in a low voice: then she went into the room, and chatted with the old grandmother, who took advantage of the visit to beg "her darling" to bring two more bowls of wine.
Vienicomevenire · verb, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the quoted commandstasseratonightstasera · adverbmodifies VieniOlder spelling of stasera ('tonight').
versoaroundverso · prepositionpreposition marking noveletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of novenoveninenove · numeralobject of verso, modifies Vienisull’tosu il · prepositionpreposition marking argineargineembankmentargine · noun, masculine, singularobject of sull’, modifies Vienisopraabovesopra · prepositionpreposition marking fugalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of fugafugamillracefuga · noun, feminine, singularobject of sopra, modifies argineHere 'fuga' names the millrace/spillway, not 'flight'.
dissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of disseaina · prepositionpreposition marking vocebassalowbasso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of dissepoithenpoi · adverbmodifies entròentròwent inentrare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenellainto thein il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of entròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationchiacchieròchattedchiacchierare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with entròconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking nonnalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnavecchiaoldvecchio · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of chiacchieròchewhoche · relative pronounsubject of profittòprofittòtook advantageprofittare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on nonnadellaofdi il · prepositionpreposition marking visitavisitavisitvisita · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of profittòpertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of pregarepregarebegpregare · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on profittòvisceredarlingviscere · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of pregare'Viscere belle' (literally 'beautiful innards') is an affectionate endearment, rendered 'her darling.'
bellebeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies viscereditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of portareportarebringportare · verb, infinitivecomplement of pregarealtremorealtro · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of scodelleduetwodue · numeralquantifies scodellescodellebowlsscodella · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of portarediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vinovinowinevino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies scodelle - 69
The girl and the old woman remained alone in the room; Francesco, leaning against the door, felt his heart beating painfully.
Latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of fanciullafanciullagirlfanciulla · noun, feminine, singularsubject of rimaseroeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vecchiavecchiaold womanvecchia · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with fanciullarimaseroremainedrimanere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencesolealonesolo · adjective, feminine, pluralcomplement of rimaseronellainin il · prepositionpreposition marking cameracameraroomcamera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rimaseroFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of sentivaappoggiatoleaningappoggiare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclause modifying Francescoallaagainsta il · prepositionpreposition marking portaportadoorporta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of appoggiatosentivafeltsentire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuoresuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of sentivabatterebeatingbattere · verb, infinitivecomplement of sentivadolorosamentepainfullydolorosamente · adverbmodifies battere - 70
*
- 71
Night was falling, dark and soft as velvet.
Latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularsubject of calavacalavawas fallingcalare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencescuradarkscuro · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies notteeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdolcesoftdolce · adjective, singularmodifies nottecomeascome · prepositionpreposition marking vellutounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of vellutovellutovelvetvelluto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of dolce The water was dying out, growing colorless under the colorless sky.
L’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of acquaacquawateracqua · noun, feminine, singularsubject of diventavaspegnevasiwas dying outspegnersi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexivecoordinated with diventavaArchaic enclitic word order: spegneva+si = si spegneva ('was dying out').
diventavawas growingdiventare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceincolorecolorlessincolore · adjective, singularpredicate complement of diventavasottoundersotto · prepositionpreposition marking cieloiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cielocieloskycielo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of diventavaincolorecolorlessincolore · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cieloFrom the coppice woods, from the tangled thickets on the bank, like clouds standing still on the last, still-silvery line of the horizon, rose a warm, enervating scent.
Daifrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking boschiboschiwoodsbosco · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of salivaceduicoppiceceduo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies boschidallefrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking macchiemacchiethicketsmacchia · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with boschidellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies macchieaggrovigliatetangledaggrovigliato · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies macchiesimililikesimile · adjective, pluralmodifies macchieatoa · prepositionpreposition marking nuvolenuvolecloudsnuvola · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of similifermestillfermo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies nuvolesull’onsu il · prepositionpreposition marking lineaultimalastultimo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies linealinealinelinea · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of fermeancorastillancora · adverbmodifies argenteaargenteasilveryargenteo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies lineadell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking orizzonteorizzontehorizonorizzonte · noun, masculine, singularmodifies lineasalivarosesalire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of profumoprofumoscentprofumo · noun, masculine, singularsubject of salivacaldowarmcaldo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies profumoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsnervanteenervatingsnervante · adjective, singularcoordinated with caldoThe jingling of bells on the embankment, and the distant roar of a mill, broke the deep silence of the bank.
Tintinniijinglingtintinnio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of interrompevano, coordinated with fragorediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking sonaglisonaglibellssonaglio · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies Tintinniisull’onsu il · prepositionpreposition marking argineargineembankmentargine · noun, masculine, singularmodifies Tintinniieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fragorefragoreroarfragore · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with Tintinniilontanodistantlontano · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies fragored’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking molinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of molinomolinomillmolino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies fragoreinterrompevanobrokeinterrompere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of interrompevanoprofondodeepprofondo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies silenziodellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies silenzio- 72
Disperazione crossed the embankment, slipped down the slope cool with damp grass, and went to bury herself in a thicket of willows; there, crouched, bent double, she began to dig and scrape in the sand, carefully burying five eggs bigger than her fist.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of attraversòDisperazione ("Despair") is the name of the hen.
attraversòcrossedattraversare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencel’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of argineargineembankmentargine · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of attraversòscivolòslippedscivolare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with attraversòperdownper · prepositionpreposition marking chinalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of chinachinaslopechina · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of scivolòfrescacoolfresco · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies chinad’withdi · prepositionpreposition marking erba, complement of frescaerbagrasserba · noun, feminine, singularobject of d’, complement of frescaumidadampumido · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies erbaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationandòwentandare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with attraversòatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of ficcarsificcarsibury herselfficcarsi · verb, infinitive, reflexivecomplement of andòininin · prepositionpreposition marking macchiaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of macchiamacchiathicketmacchia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of ficcarsidiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking salicisaliciwillowssalice · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies macchialàtherelà · adverbmodifies cominciòcurvacrouchedcurvo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies the subject of cominciò, coordinated with piegatapiegatabentpiegare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmodifies the subject of cominciò, coordinated with curvaininin · prepositionpreposition marking due, part of the idiom piegata in dueduetwodue · numeralobject of in, part of the idiom piegata in duecominciòbegancominciare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of frugarefrugarescratchfrugare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cominciòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of scavarescavaredigscavare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with frugaretraintra · prepositionpreposition marking sabbialatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of sabbiasabbiasandsabbia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of scavareseppellendoviburying thereseppellire vi · verb, gerundadverbial gerund on cominciòvi ("there") refers back to la sabbia.
accuratamentecarefullyaccuratamente · adverbmodifies seppellendovicinquefivecinque · numeralquantifies uovauovaeggsuovo · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of seppellendovipiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies grossegrossebiggergrosso · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies uovadelthandi il · prepositionpreposition marking pugno, comparative complement of grossesuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pugnopugnofistpugno · noun, masculine, singularobject of del, comparative complement of grosse She meant to come back for them the following Friday and take them to the fair at Viadana.
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, third-person, singularsubject of contavacontavameantcontare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of riprenderleriprenderlecome back for themriprendere le · verb, infinitivecomplement of contavailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of venerdìvenerdìFridayvenerdì · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of riprenderleseguentefollowingseguente · adjective, singularmodifies venerdìeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationportarletake themportare le · verb, infinitivecoordinated with riprenderleallato thea il · prepositionpreposition marking fierafierafairfiera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of portarlediatdi · prepositionpreposition marking ViadanaViadanaViadanaViadana · proper nounmodifies fieraFive, and the three already there, made eight; eight eggs, six farthings: six farthings meant, first of all, a licorice stick, to be licked first and then eaten in tiny bites, bites as small as a little fingernail, or else all in one mouthful; then two soldi of snuff, and two soldi in reserve.
Cinquefivecinque · numeralsubject of facevanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtrethreetre · numeralcoordinated with Cinquechethatche · pronounrelative pronoun, refers to tre, subject of eranocethereci · pronounlocative particle with eranon’of themne · pronounpartitive particle with eranoeranowereessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on tregiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies eranofacevanomadefare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceottoeightotto · numeraldirect object of facevanoottoeightotto · numeralquantifies uovauovaeggsuovo · noun, feminine, pluralhead of the phraseseisixsei · numeralquantifies palanchepalanchefarthingspalanca · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with uovaseisixsei · numeralquantifies palanchepalanchefarthingspalanca · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of rappresentavanorappresentavanomeantrappresentare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceprimafirstprima · adverbpart of the phrase prima di tutto, modifies rappresentavanodiofdi · prepositionpart of the phrase prima di tuttotuttoalltutto · determiner, masculine, singularoblique complement of rappresentavanounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of africanoafricanolicorice stickafricano · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of rappresentavano"Africano" is a regional term for a black licorice sweet.
datoda · prepositionintroduces the clause of leccarsileccarsibe lickedleccarsi · verb, infinitive, reflexiveadverbial clause on rappresentavanoprimafirstprima · adverbmodifies leccarsieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpoithenpoi · adverbmodifies mangiarsidatoda · prepositionintroduces the clause of mangiarsimangiarsibe eatenmangiarsi · verb, infinitive, reflexivecoordinated with leccarsiaina · prepositionpreposition marking pezzettinipezzettinibitespezzettino · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of mangiarsiaina · prepositionpreposition marking pezzettinipezzettinibitespezzettino · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with pezzettinipiccolinitinypiccolino · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies pezzettinicomeascome · prepositionintroduces unghia, modifies piccolinil’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of unghiaunghiafingernailunghia · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of come, modifies piccolinidelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking mignolomignololittle fingermignolo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies unghiaoppureor elseoppure · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtuttoalltutto · pronoun, masculine, singularcoordinated with pezzettini, alternative manner of mangiarsiininin · prepositionpreposition marking bocconeunoneuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of bocconebocconemouthfulboccone · noun, masculine, singularobject of in, modifies tuttopoithenpoi · adverbmodifies the phrase due soldiduetwodue · numeralquantifies soldisoldisoldisoldo · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phrasediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies soldidaforda · prepositionpreposition marking nasonasonosenaso · noun, masculine, singularmodifies tabaccoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduetwodue · numeralquantifies soldisoldisoldisoldo · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with soldidiindi · prepositionpreposition marking riservariservareserveriserva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies soldiDisperazione always made great use of tobacco: no one could have explained the reason for this passion, especially since the pleasure, for her, lay not in the smell of the tobacco but in the sneeze.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of facevafacevamadefare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesemprealwayssempre · adverbmodifies facevaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of usograndegreatgrande · adjective, singularmodifies usousouseuso · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of facevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies usoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of perchèperchèreasonperché · noun, masculine, singulardislocated topic, resumed by lo in spiegarlodifordi · prepositionpreposition marking passionequestathisquesto · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of passionepassionepassionpassione · noun, feminine, singularmodifies perchènessunono onenessuno · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of saputoavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of saputosaputoknown howsapere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencespiegarloexplain itspiegare lo · verb, infinitivecomplement of saputotantoall the moretanto · adverbpart of the phrase tanto più che, modifies saputopiùmorepiù · adverbpart of the phrase tanto più che, modifies saputochesinceche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of consistevailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of piacerepiacerepleasurepiacere · noun, masculine, singularsubject of consistevanonnotnon · adverbmodifies consistevaconsistevalayconsistere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the clause introduced by cheperforper · prepositionpreposition marking leileiherlei · pronoun, feminine, singularoblique complement of consistevanell’in thein il · prepositionpreposition marking odoreodoresmellodore · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of consistevadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies odoremabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnelloin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking starnutostarnutosneezestarnuto · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with odoreWhen she sneezed — which by now, from too much use of the tobacco, happened to her rarely — she felt a deep joy: it seemed to her she was doing something marvelous, and she jumped, bowed, writhed about, proud and happy.
Quandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of starnutivastarnutivasneezedstarnutire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the quando-clause, adverbial on provavaciòthatciò · pronoun, masculine, singularforms ciò che with the next word, subject of avvenivachewhichche · pronounpart of ciò che, relative pronoun, subject of avvenivaoramaiby noworamai · adverbmodifies avvenivaperfromper · prepositionpreposition marking usoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of usotroppotoo muchtroppo · adverbmodifies usousouseuso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of avvenivadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies usoleto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of avvenivaavvenivahappenedavvenire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the relative clause introduced by ciò chediofdi · prepositionpart of the idiom di rado, marking radoradorarelyrado · adjective, masculine, singularpart of the idiom di rado, modifies avvenivadi rado is a fixed idiom meaning "rarely".
ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of provavaprovavafeltprovare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of gioiagioiajoygioia · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of provavaprofondadeepprofondo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies gioialeto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of farefarebe doingfare · verb, infinitivecomplement of parevaun’auno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of azioneazioneactionazione · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of faremeravigliosamarvelousmeraviglioso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies azioneeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsaltavajumpedsaltare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with provavas’herselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of inchinavainchinavabowedinchinarsi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with saltavasiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of contorcevacontorcevawrithedcontorcersi · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with inchinavasuperbaproudsuperbo · adjective, feminine, singularpredicative adjunct on ella, coordinated with feliceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfelicehappyfelice · adjective, singularcoordinated with superba- 73
Having buried the five eggs beside the other three, she straightened up and stood a moment listening: she thought she had heard the bells of her uncle's cart — bells whose special jingle she recognized — and thought, without too much fear, of the inevitable beating she would get on going home.
Seppellitehaving buriedseppellire · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluraladverbial clause on sollevòAbsolute participial construction agreeing with uova, the logical patient: "the eggs (having been) buried."
letheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of uovacinquefivecinque · numeralquantifies uovauovaeggsuovo · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of Seppelliteaccantobesideaccanto · adverbpreposition marking treallethea il · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of trealtreotheraltro · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies tretrethreetre · numeralmodifies uovaellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of sollevòsiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of sollevòsollevòstraightened upsollevare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstettestoodstare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with sollevòunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of momentomomentomomentmomento · noun, masculine, singularduration complement of stetteininin · prepositionpreposition marking ascoltoascoltolisteningascolto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of stetteleto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of parsoerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of parsoparsoseemedparere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of udireudirehearudire · verb, infinitivecomplement of parsoitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of sonaglisonaglibellssonaglio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of udiredelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking carrettinocarrettinolittle cartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies sonaglidelloof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking zioziounclezio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies carrettinosonaglibellssonaglio · noun, masculine, pluralin apposition to sonaglidiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking cuicuiwhosecui · pronounobject of di, possessor of tintinnìo"di cui" here functions together as the possessive relative "whose."
ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of riconoscevariconoscevarecognizedriconoscere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on sonaglilotheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of tintinnìospecialespecialspeciale · adjective, singularmodifies tintinnìotintinnìojingletintinnìo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of riconoscevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpensavathoughtpensare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with parsosenzawithoutsenza · prepositionpreposition marking spaventotroppotoo muchtroppo · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of spaventospaventofearspavento · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of pensavaalleof thea il · prepositionpreposition marking bussebussebeatingsbusse · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of pensavainevitabiliinevitableinevitabile · adjective, pluralmodifies bussechewhichche · pronoundirect object of preseavrebbewouldavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of presepresegottenprendere · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluralrelative clause on bussenelonin il · prepositionpreposition marking rientrarerientrarereturningrientrare · verb, infinitiveoblique complement of preseatoa · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahomecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rientrare But it didn't matter: let them beat her, let them force her to graze the cows on feast days, when all the other little girls went out strolling; she consoled herself with her eight eggs, with the coins taken from the holy-water font, where Aunt Marietta hid her savings, with her tobacco, and with the hope of growing up.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies importavaimportavamatteredimportare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of bastonasserobastonasserolet them beatbastonare · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, pluralmain verb of the clausepureevenpure · adverbmodifies bastonasserolaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of costringesserocostringesserolet them forcecostringere · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, pluralcoordinated with bastonasseropureevenpure · adverbmodifies costringesseroatoa · prepositionpreposition marking pascolarpascolargrazepascolare · verb, infinitiveoblique complement of costringesseroApocopated literary infinitive: "pascolar" for "pascolare."
letheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of vacchevacchecowsvacca · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of pascolarneion thein il · prepositionpreposition marking giornigiornidaysgiorno · noun, masculine, pluraltemporal complement of pascolardiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking festafestafeastfesta · noun, feminine, singularmodifies giorniquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of andavanotuttealltutto · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on bambineletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of bambinealtreotheraltro · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies bambinebambinegirlsbambina · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of andavanoandavanowentandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluraladverbial clause on giorniafora · prepositionpreposition marking spassospassoa strollspasso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of andavanoellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of consolavasiherselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun of consolavaconsolavaconsoledconsolare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking uovaletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of uovasuehersuo · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on uovaottoeightotto · numeralquantifies uovauovaeggsuovo · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of consolavacoiwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking soldisoldicoinssoldo · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of consolavapresitakenprendere · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying soldidall’from theda il · prepositionpreposition marking acquasantieraacquasantieraholy-water fontacquasantiera · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of presiovewhereove · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of nascondevalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ziaziaauntzia · noun, feminine, singularsubject of nascondevaMariettaMariettaMarietta · proper nounmodifies zianascondevahidnascondere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on acquasantieraitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of risparmisuoihersuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on risparmirisparmisavingsrisparmio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of nascondevacolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of consolavaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking speranzalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of speranzasperanzahopesperanza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of consolavadiofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of diventardiventargrowingdiventare · verb, infinitivecomplement of speranzaApocopated literary infinitive: "diventar" for "diventare."
grandebiggrande · adjective, singularcomplement of diventar- 74
"Then I'll have long hair, big hands, arms long like this, like this, like this....
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies avròavròwill haveavere · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of capellicapellihaircapello · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of avròlunghilonglungo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies capelliletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of manimanihandsmano · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of avrògrandibiggrande · adjective, pluralmodifies maniletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of bracciabracciaarmsbraccio · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of avròlunghelonglungo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies bracciacosìlike thiscosì · adverbmodifies lunghecosìlike thiscosì · adverbmodifies lunghecosìlike thiscosì · adverbmodifies lunghe — she spread them as wide as she could.
lethemlo · pronoun, feminine, pluraldirect object of allargavaallargavaspreadallargare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of piùpiùas muchpiù · pronounoblique complement of allargavacheasche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of potevapotevacouldpotere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on più"Then I too.... slaps this way and that, as many as they want.
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies ioanchetooanche · adverbmodifies ioioIio · pronoun, singularhead of the phraseschiaffislapsschiaffo · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phrasediondi · prepositionpreposition marking quaquathis wayqua · adverbmodifies schiaffieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdiondi · prepositionpreposition marking làlàthat waylà · adverbmodifies schiaffiquantias manyquanto · pronoun, masculine, pluraldirect object of vogliononeof themne · pronounpartitive complement of voglionovoglionowantvolere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on schiaffiAnd then I'll make the polenta myself, I'll make the tagliatelle myself and.... I'll eat it all myself.
Eppoiand theneppoi · interjectionlinks the coordinationfaròwill makefare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of faròlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of polentapolentapolentapolenta · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of faròfaròwill makefare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with faròioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of faròletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of tagliatelletagliatelletagliatelletagliatella · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of faròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmangeròwill eatmangiare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencetuttoalltutto · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of mangeròiomyselfio · pronoun, singularemphatic subject of mangeròAnd then I'll go off to Milan too, just like Eva, and I'll buy lots of tobacco, and fans and other things."
Eppoiand theneppoi · interjectiondiscourse markermemyselfme · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun of andròneawayne · pronounparticle of andarseneandròwill goandare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceanch’tooanche · adverbmodifies ioioIio · pronoun, singularemphatic subject of andròatoa · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of andròcomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking Eval’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nouncomplement of comeeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcompreròwill buycomprare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with andròtantoso muchtanto · adverbmodifies tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of compreròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationventaglifansventaglio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of compreròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaltroother thingsaltro · pronoun, masculine, singularcoordinated with ventagli- 75
These dreams excited her, especially since Eva's return with her little chains, her fans, her shoes.
Questithesequesto · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of sognisognidreamssogno · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of esaltavanolaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of esaltavanoesaltavanoexcitedesaltare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencespecialmenteespeciallyspecialmente · adverbmodifies dopodopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking ritornoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of ritornoritornoreturnritorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of esaltavanod’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies ritornoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking catenelleletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of catenellesuehersuo · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on catenellecatenellelittle chainscatenella · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies ritornoitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of ventagliventaglifansventaglio · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with catenelleletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of scarpettescarpettelittle shoesscarpetta · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with catenelle - 76
The bells fell silent: for a moment only the roar of the mill sounded, and Speranza pulled out her little packet of tobacco….
Itheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of sonaglisonaglibellssonaglio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of tacquerotacquerofell silenttacere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceperforper · prepositionpreposition marking momentounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of momentomomentomomentmomento · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of risuonòrisuonòsoundedrisuonare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesoloonlysolo · adverbmodifies scrosciolotheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of scroscioscroscioroarscroscio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of risuonòdelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking molinomolinomillmolino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies scroscioeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of tiròtiròpulledtirare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with risuonòfuorioutfuori · adverbadverbial particle with tiròl’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of involtinoinvoltinolittle packetinvoltino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of tiròdelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking tabaccotabaccotobaccotabacco · noun, masculine, singularmodifies involtino But as she carefully unfolded it, her nostrils already flaring, she heard the voices of Francesco and Eva, and glimpsed the two young people passing behind the thickets.
MaButma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmentreasmentre · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of spiegavaloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of spiegavaspiegavaunfoldedspiegare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on udìcautamentecarefullycautamente · adverbmodifies spiegavaaprendoopeningaprire · verb, gerundadverbial clause on udìgiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies aprendoleheril · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of naricinaricinostrilsnarice · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of aprendoudìheardudire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of vocivocivoicesvoce · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of udìdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies vocieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nouncoordinated with Francescoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintravideglimpsedintravedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with udìitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of giovaniduetwodue · numeralquantifies giovanigiovaniyoung peoplegiovane · noun, pluraldirect object of intravidechewhoche · pronounsubject of passavanopassavanowere passingpassare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on giovanidietrobehinddietro · prepositionpreposition marking macchieletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of macchiemacchiethicketsmacchia · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of passavano- 77
Where were they going, together, at that hour?
DoveWheredove · adverbmodifies andavanoandavanowere goingandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceassiemetogetherassieme · adverbmodifies andavanoaata · prepositionpreposition marking oraquell’thatquello · determiner, singulardeterminer of oraorahourora · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of andavano Eva spoke softly, but indifferently:
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of parlavaparlavaspokeparlare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepianosoftlypiano · adverbmodifies parlavamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking indifferenzaindifferenzaindifferenceindifferenza · noun, feminine, singularobject of the preposition con, modifies parlava- 78
"Tomorrow morning I'm leaving: I'm going as far as Casalmaggiore on Anacreonte Taverna's cart....
DomaniTomorrowdomani · adverbmodifies partomattinamorningmattina · noun, feminine, singularmodifies parto, with DomanipartoI'm leavingpartire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencevadoI'm goingandare · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencefinoas far asfino · adverbpart of the compound preposition fino a, marking Casalmaggioreatoa · prepositionpart of the phrase finoCasalmaggioreCasalmaggioreCasalmaggiore · proper nounoblique complement of vadosulon thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking carrettinocarrettinocartcarrettino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vadodiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking AnacreonteAnacreonteAnacreonteAnacreonte · proper nounmodifies carrettinoTavernaTavernaTaverna · proper nounpart of the name Anacreonte Taverna, modifies carrettino I'll send you….
Tiyouti · pronoun, singularindirect object of manderòmanderòI'll sendmandare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentence- 79
"I'll come to Milan too.... I'll come and find you, sweetheart...." Francesco was saying.
VerròI'll comevenire · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of Verròanch’tooanche · adverbmodifies ioanche elided to anch' before the vowel of io.
ioIio · pronoun, singularemphatic restatement of the subject of VerròverròI'll comevenire · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovartitrovartifind youtrovare ti · verb, infinitivecomplement of verròtesorosweethearttesoro · noun, masculine, singularvocative term of addressdicevawas sayingdire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of diceva He too spoke softly, but his voice was not his usual voice: Speranza could not have said why, but she felt that voice was not the young man's usual voice.
Anch’tooanche · adverbmodifies eglianche elided to Anch' before the vowel of egli.
egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of parlavaparlavaspokeparlare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepianosoftlypiano · adverbmodifies parlavamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlahisil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vocesuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularsubject of eranonnotnon · adverbmodifies eraerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to vocelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vocesuahissuo · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularpredicate complement of erasolitausualsolito · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies voceSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of saputononnotnon · adverbmodifies saputoavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of saputosaputoknownsapere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencedireto saydire · verb, infinitivecomplement of saputoperchèwhyperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sentivamabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsentivafeltsentire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with saputochethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of eraquellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularsubject of eranonnotnon · adverbmodifies eraerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to vocelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vocesolitausualsolito · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vocevocevoicevoce · noun, feminine, singularpredicate complement of eradelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giovinettogiovinettoyoung mangiovinetto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies voce- 80
And then why did he call Eva "sweetheart"?
EAnde · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpoithenpoi · adverbmodifies chiamavaperchèwhyperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of chiamavaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of chiamavachiamavacalledchiamare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceEvaEvaEva · proper noundirect object of chiamavatesorosweethearttesoro · noun, masculine, singularobject complement of chiamava, describing Eva Who knows — maybe the way the grandmother called her "my darling" when she wanted the bowl full of wine.
ChissàWho knowschissà · interjectiondiscourse markerforsemaybeforse · adverbmodifies chiamavacomeascome · prepositionintroduces the clause of chiamavalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of chiamavachiamavacalledchiamare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceleiherlei · pronoun, singulardirect object of chiamavavisceredarlingviscere · noun, feminine, pluralobject complement of chiamavaLiterally "innards"; viscere belle is a dialectal Sardinian-Italian term of endearment.
bellebeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies viscerequandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of volevavolevawantedvolere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on chiamavalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scodellascodellabowlscodella · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of volevapienafullpieno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies scodelladiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking vinovinowinevino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies scodella- 81
"....I'll send you a picture postcard, dear," Eva went on.
tiyouti · pronoun, singularindirect object of manderòmanderòI'll sendmandare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cartolinacartolinapostcardcartolina · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of manderòillustrataillustratedillustrato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cartolinacarodearcaro · adjective, masculine, singularvocative term of addressEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of proseguivaproseguivawent onproseguire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence - 82
A picture postcard?
UnaAuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cartolinacartolinapostcardcartolina · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phraseillustratapictureillustrato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies cartolina Very well.
BenissimoVery wellbene · adverb, superlativehead of the phraseEva had not even finished saying it before Speranza was already thinking of a way to get the postcard out of the pocket of Francesco's jacket….
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of finitononnotnon · adverbmodifies finitoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of finitofinitofinishedfinire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencediofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of dirlodirlosaying itdire lo · verb, infinitivecomplement of finitochewhenche · conjunctionintroduces the clause of pensavaIdiomatic non... che meaning "had not yet... when."
SperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of pensavapensavawas thinkingpensare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the che-clausealof thea il · prepositionpreposition marking modomodowaymodo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of pensavaditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of prenderepoterbe able topotere · auxiliary verb, infinitiveauxiliary of prendereprenderegetprendere · verb, infinitiveclause modifying modolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cartolinacartolinapostcardcartolina · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of prenderedallafrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking tascatascapockettasca · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of prenderedellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giaccagiaccajacketgiacca · noun, feminine, singularmodifies tascadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies giaccaSperanza so loved postcards with kittens licking plates on them, or a little house between two trees, or a woman all curly-haired, with a necklace around her bare neck, or a baby doing…. well, one can't say what it was doing.
Piacevanowere pleasingpiacere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceLiterally "the postcards were very pleasing to Speranza" = Speranza loved the postcards.
tantoso muchtanto · adverbmodifies Piacevanoatoa · prepositionpreposition marking SperanzaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounoblique complement of Piacevanoletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of cartolinecartolinepostcardscartolina · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of Piacevanodovewheredove · adverbmodifies eranoc’thereci · pronounexpletive with eranoeranowereessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on cartolineitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of gattinigattinikittensgattino · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of eranochethatche · pronounsubject of leccavanoleccavanowere lickingleccare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on gattiniitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of piattipiattiplatespiatto · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of leccavanoooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of casettacasettalittle housecasetta · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with cartolinefrabetweenfra · prepositionpreposition marking alberiduetwodue · numeralquantifies alberialberitreesalbero · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies casettaooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of donnadonnawomandonna · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with cartolinetuttaalltutto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies ricciutaricciutacurly-hairedricciuto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies donnaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking collanaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of collanacollananecklacecollana · noun, feminine, singularobject of the preposition con, modifies donnaintornoaroundintorno · adverbpart of the compound preposition intorno a, marking colloalthea il · prepositionpart of intorno a, marking collocolloneckcollo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies collananudobarenudo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies colloooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of bambinobambinobabybambino · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with cartolinechewhoche · pronounsubject of facevafacevawas doingfare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on bambinobastaenoughbastare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singulardiscourse marker, sets off the closing remarknonnotnon · adverbmodifies diresionesi · pronounimpersonal marker with direpuòcanpotere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of dirediresaydire · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentencecosawhatcosa · pronoun, singulardirect object of facevafacevait was doingfare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of dire- 83
But where were those two going, like that, in the dark?
MaButma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdovewheredove · adverbmodifies andavanoandavanowere goingandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencequeithosequello · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of dueduetwodue · numeralsubject of andavanocosìlike thatcosì · adverbmodifies andavanoalin thea il · prepositionpreposition marking buiobuiodarkbuio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of andavano Motionless, hidden by the fronds of the dwarf willow, Speranza waited until Francesco and Eva were far off; — and when the cautious footsteps and hushed voices of the two young people fell silent, and their figures vanished into the colorless background of the deserted bank, among the cloud-like thickets, she opened the little packet and dipped in the thumb and forefinger of her right hand.
ImmobileMotionlessimmobile · adjective, singularpredicate adjective describing Speranzanascostahiddennascondere · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcoordinated with Immobile, describes Speranzadalleby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking frondefrondefrondsfronda · noun, feminine, pluralagent of nascostadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking salicesalicewillowsalice · noun, masculine, singularobject of del, modifies frondenanodwarfnano · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies saliceSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of atteseattesewaitedattendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecheuntilche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fosseroFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of fosseroedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationEvaEvaEva · proper nouncoordinated with Francescofosserowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, pluralcopula linking to lontanilontanifar offlontano · adjective, masculine, pluralpredicate adjective with fosseroeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tacqueroiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of passopassofootsteppasso · noun, masculine, singularsubject of tacquerocautocautiouscauto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies passoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of vocivocivoicesvoce · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with passo, subject of tacquerosommessehushedsommesso · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies vocideiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking giovaniduetwodue · numeralquantifies giovanigiovaniyoung peoplegiovane · noun, pluralmodifies passo and vocitacquerofell silenttacere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the quando-clauseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of figurelorotheirloro · determinerdepends on figurefigurefiguresfigura · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of svanironosvanironovanishedsvanire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with tacqueronellointo thein il · prepositionpreposition marking sfondosfondobackgroundsfondo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of svanironoincolorecolorlessincolore · adjective, singularmodifies sfondodellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies sfondodesertadeserteddeserto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies rivatraamongtra · prepositionpreposition marking nuvoleletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of nuvolenuvolecloudsnuvola · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of svanironodelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking macchiemacchiethicketsmacchia · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies nuvoleellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of aprìaprìopenedaprire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencel’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of involtinoinvoltinolittle packetinvoltino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of aprìeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationviinto itvi · adverblocative pronoun, modifies immerse'vi' is a locative pronoun standing in for 'nell'involtino' (into it).
immersedippedimmergere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with aprìiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pollicepollicethumbpollice · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of immerseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationl’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of indiceindiceforefingerindice · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with pollicedellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking manomanohandmano · noun, feminine, singularmodifies pollice and indicedestrarightdestro · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies mano- 84
*
- 85
That night Francesco came home looking like a corpse: he did not eat and could not lie down, because the pounding of his heart was choking him.
QuellaThatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rientròFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of rientròrientròreturnedrientrare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahomecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rientròchewhoche · relative pronounsubject of pareva, refers to Francescoparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on Francescounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cadaverecadaverecorpsecadavere · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of parevanonnotnon · adverbmodifies mangiòmangiòatemangiare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies coricarsipotècouldpotere · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of coricarsicoricarsilie downcoricare si · verb, infinitivecoordinated with mangiòperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of soffocavalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of palpitazionepalpitazionepoundingpalpitazione · noun, feminine, singularsubject of soffocavadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singularmodifies palpitazionelohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of soffocavasoffocavawas chokingsoffocare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the perchè-clause For the rest of the night he stayed curled up, gasping, moaning.
TuttoAlltutto · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on restoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of restorestorestresto · noun, masculine, singulartemporal complement of stettedellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularmodifies restostettestayedstare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceraggomitolatocurled upraggomitolare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement of stetteansantegaspingansante · adjective, singularcoordinated with raggomitolatogementemoaninggemente · adjective, singularcoordinated with raggomitolato and ansante- 86
"I'm dying.... I'm dying...." he said to himself every so often.
IoIio · pronoun, singularsubject of muoiomuoioam dyingmorire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of muoiomuoioam dyingmorire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedicevasaiddire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceognieveryogni · determiner, singulardeterminer of tantotantoso oftentanto · noun, masculine, singularadverbial complement of diceva (idiom 'ogni tanto')'ogni tanto' is a fixed idiom meaning 'every so often'.
atoa · prepositionpreposition marking sèsèhimsé · pronounoblique complement of dicevastessoselfstesso · adjective, masculine, singularintensifies sè - 87
*
- 88
A few days later it was discovered that the gold clasp had disappeared from the grandmother's chest of drawers.
QualcheA fewqualche · determiner, singulardeterminer of giornogiornodaysgiorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of scopersedopolaterdopo · adverbmodifies giornosiitsi · pronounpassive marker with scoperse'si scoperse' is an impersonal/passive construction: 'it was discovered'.
scopersewas discoveredscoprire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of scomparsoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of scomparsod’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking oroorogoldoro · noun, masculine, singularmodifies fermaglioerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of scomparsoscomparsodisappearedscomparire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the che-clausedalfrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking cassettonecassettonechest of drawerscassettone · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of scomparsodellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cassettone It caused an infernal uproar; the Magrini accused one another of having stolen the jewel, insulted each other, came to blows.
Fuwasessere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to subbugliounanuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of subbugliosubbugliouproarsubbuglio · noun, masculine, singularhead of the phraseinfernaleinfernalinfernale · adjective, singularmodifies subbuglioitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of MagriniMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper nounsubject of accusaronosieach othersi · pronounreciprocal marker with accusaronoreciprocal 'si', reinforced by 'a vicenda'.
accusaronoaccusedaccusare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceaonea · prepositionpreposition marking vicenda (idiom 'a vicenda')vicendaanothervicenda · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of accusaronod’ofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of rubatoaverhavingavere · auxiliary verb, infinitiveauxiliary of rubatorubatostolenrubare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement clause of accusaronoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of gioiellogioiellojewelgioiello · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of rubatos’each othersi · pronounreciprocal marker with insultaronoinsultaronoinsultedinsultare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with accusaronosieach othersi · pronounreciprocal marker with accapigliaronoaccapigliaronocame to blowsaccapigliarsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with accusaronoDisperazione took blows from every side and on every part of her body; for eight days, frightened, starving, almost wounded by the beatings of her dear relatives, she wandered through the fields, the little woods along the bank, the lanes, pilfering what she could to feed herself.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of ricevettericevettetookricevere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencebusseblowsbusse · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of ricevettedafromda · prepositionpreposition marking partitutteeverytutto · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on partiletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of partipartisidesparte · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of ricevetteeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationinonin · prepositionpreposition marking partitutteeverytutto · determiner, feminine, pluraldepends on partiletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of partipartipartsparte · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of ricevetteperforper · prepositionpreposition marking giorniottoeightotto · numeralquantifies giornigiornidaysgiorno · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of vagòspauritafrightenedspaurito · verb, past, participle, feminine, singulardescribes the subject (Disperazione)affamatastarvingaffamato · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with spauritaquasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies feritaferitawoundedferito · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcoordinated with spaurita, describes the subjectdalleby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking bastonatebastonatebeatingsbastonata · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of feritadeiof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking parentisuoihersuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on parenticaridearcaro · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies parentiparentirelativesparente · noun, pluralmodifies bastonatevagòwanderedvagare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepeithrough theper il · prepositionpreposition marking campi'pei' is a contraction of 'per i' (through the).
campifieldscampo · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of vagòpeithrough theper il · prepositionpreposition marking boschettiboschettilittle woodsboschetto · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with campidellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies boschettipeithrough theper il · prepositionpreposition marking viottoliviottolilanesviottolo · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with campi and boschettirubacchiandopilferingrubacchiare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on vagòquelthatquello · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of rubacchiando (idiom 'quel che')'quel che' = 'that which/what'.
chewhichche · relative pronounsubject of potevapotevacouldpotere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularpredicate of the relative clause introduced by chepertoper · prepositionintroduces the purpose clause of sfamarsisfamarsifeed herselfsfamare si · verb, infinitivepurpose clause with vagòShe came home secretly, when she thought she would find no one there, and in those hours of silence she saw only one or another of her aunts — who made use of her to sell the wheat, the flour, the vegetables stolen from the house — or the grandmother, coughing like a hoarse little dog, or Francesco, who seemed to be dying.
Rientravareturnedrientrare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahomecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of Rientravadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking nascostonascostohiddennascosto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies casa"di nascosto" is an idiom meaning "secretly, stealthily".
quandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of credevacredevashe thoughtcredere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on Rientravaditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarnonnotnon · adverbmodifies trovartrovarfindtrovare · verb, infinitivecomplement of credevanessunono onenessuno · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of trovareande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationininin · prepositionpreposition marking orequellethosequello · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of oreorehoursora · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of rivedevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking silenziosilenziosilencesilenzio · noun, masculine, singularmodifies oreellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of rivedevarivedevasawrivedere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb, coordinated with Rientravasoloonlysolo · adverbmodifies rivedevaqualcunasomequalcuno · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of rivedevadelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking ziezieauntszia · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies qualcunachewhoche · pronounsubject of servivanosithemselvessi · pronounexpletive with servivanoservivanomade useservire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on ziediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking leileiherlei · pronoun, singularoblique complement of servivanopertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of venderevenderesellvendere · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on servivanoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of frumentofrumentowheatfrumento · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of venderelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of farinafarinaflourfarina · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with frumentoitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of legumilegumivegetableslegume · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with frumentorubatistolenrubare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying legumiinfromin · prepositionpreposition marking casacasathe housecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of rubatiooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with qualcunachewhoche · pronounsubject of tossivatossivacoughedtossire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on nonnacomelikecome · prepositionpreposition marking cagnolinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cagnolinocagnolinolittle dogcagnolino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of tossivaraucohoarserauco · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies cagnolinoooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nouncoordinated with qualcunachewhoche · pronounsubject of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on Francescoagonizzantedyingagonizzante · adjective, singularcomplement of pareva- 89
What an ugly face Francesco had, after Eva's second departure!
Chewhatche · determinerdeterminer of facciabruttauglybrutto · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies facciafacciafacefaccia · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of avevaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of avevadopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking partenzalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of partenzasecondasecondsecondo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies partenzapartenzadeparturepartenza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of avevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies partenza Day by day he felt worse: it seemed to him that inside his chest the little serpent was growing bigger, no longer stinging but gnawing at his heart; devouring it bit by bit, all around, slowly but ceaselessly, the way Speranza used to do with the candies called “Africans” bought at Viadana.
Dibydi · prepositionpreposition marking giornogiornodaygiorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sentivaintoin · prepositionpreposition marking giornogiornodaygiorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sentivaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sentivasihimselfsi · pronounexpletive with sentivasentivafeltsentire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies malemalebadmale · adverbmodifies sentivaglito himlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of serpentellodentroinsidedentro · prepositionpreposition marking pettoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pettosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularmodifies serpentelloiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of serpentelloserpentellolittle serpentserpentello · noun, masculine, singularsubject of ingrossasseingrossassewas growingingrossare · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularclausal complement of parevanonnonon · adverbmodifies piùpiùlongerpiù · adverbmodifies pungendoglipungendoglistinging himpungere · verb, gerundmodifies serpentellomabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationrosicchiandoglignawing at himrosicchiare · verb, gerundcoordinated with pungendogliiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of rosicchiandoglidivorandoglielodevouring itdivorare · verb, gerundcoordinated with rosicchiandogliaina · prepositionpreposition marking pezzettinipezzettinibitspezzettino · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of divorandoglieloaina · prepositionpreposition marking pezzettinipezzettinibitspezzettino · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of divorandoglielointornoaroundintorno · adverbmodifies divorandoglielointornoaroundintorno · adverbpart of the phrase intorno"intorno intorno" repeats the adverb for emphasis, "all around".
lentamenteslowlylentamente · adverbpart of the phrase intornomabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationincessantementeceaselesslyincessantemente · adverbcoordinated with lentamentecomethe waycome · prepositionpreposition marking SperanzaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounoblique complement of usavausavaused tousare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on divorandoglielofaredofare · verb, infinitivecomplement of usavaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking africaniglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of africaniafricaniAfricansafricano · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of fare"Africani" was the name of a chocolate-coated candy, not people.
compratiboughtcomprare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying africaniaata · prepositionpreposition marking ViadanaViadanaViadanaViadana · proper nounoblique complement of comprati- 90
One day it seemed to him that his whole heart had by now disappeared; in its place lay the serpent, coiled, thick, enormous, which instead of stinging now lashed its tail, whipping the entrails clenched around its slimy, hard bulk.
Unoneuno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of giornogiornodaygiorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sembròglito himlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of sembròsembròseemedsembrare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of scomparsotuttowholetutto · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cuoreiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cuoresuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on cuorecuoreheartcuore · noun, masculine, singularsubject of scomparsofossehadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of scomparsooramaiby noworamai · adverbmodifies scomparsoscomparsodisappearedscomparire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of sembròalata il · prepositionpreposition marking postosuoitssuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on postopostoplaceposto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of stavastavalaystare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of serpenteserpenteserpentserpente · noun, masculine, singularsubject of stavaaggrovigliatocoiledaggrovigliato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies serpentegrossothickgrosso · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with aggrovigliatoenormeenormousenorme · adjective, singularcoordinated with aggrovigliatochewhichche · pronounsubject of scuotevainveceinsteadinvece · adverbintroduces the clause of pungerediofdi · prepositionpart of the phrase invecepungerestingingpungere · verb, infinitiverelative clause on serpenteoranowora · adverbmodifies scuotevascuotevalashedscuotere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pungerelaitsil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of codacodatailcoda · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scuotevafrustandowhippingfrustare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on scuotevaletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of viscereviscereentrailsviscere · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of frustandostretteclenchedstretto · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies viscereintornoaroundintorno · adverbpreposition marking volumealthea il · prepositionpreposition marking volumesuoitssuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on volumevolumebulkvolume · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of stretteviscidoslimyviscido · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies volumeeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdurohardduro · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with viscido - 91
He was suffocating: he could no longer open his mouth.
Egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of soffocavasoffocavawas suffocatingsoffocare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencenonnonon · adverbmodifies aprirpotevacouldpotere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of aprirpiùlongerpiù · adverbmodifies aprirapriropenaprire · verb, infinitivecomplement of potevaboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of aprir The air around him seemed to have turned to stone, and it stopped up his mouth, pressed on his lips like a slab of granite.
L’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of ariaariaairaria · noun, feminine, singularsubject of pietrificataintornoaroundintorno · adverbpreposition marking luiatoa · prepositionpart of the phrase intornoluihimlui · pronoun, masculine, singularoblique complement of pietrificatas’itselfsi · pronounexpletive with pietrificataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to pietrificatacomeascome · prepositionpreposition marking pietrificatapietrificataturned to stonepietrificato · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularpredicate complement of eraeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglito himlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of turavaturavastopped upturare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pietrificatalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of boccaboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of turavaglito himlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of premevapremevapressedpremere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pietrificatasulleonsu il · prepositionpreposition marking labbralabbralipslabbro · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of premevaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking lastraunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of lastralastraslablastra · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of premevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking granitogranitogranitegranito · noun, masculine, singularmodifies lastraEverything, inside, outside, around him, everything took on the look, the heaviness, of a nightmare: the masters quarreling, no longer bothering about him as if he were already dead; the grandmother coughing and calling for Speranza; Speranza coming and going, wary and wild, glancing at him in passing the way one looks at a sick animal, and never coming near him, fearful, unkind, selfish; the other servants who cruelly let him understand his desperate state; everything, even the half-hearted attentions of the youngest mistress, the merchant's wife — everything weighed on him, oppressed him, suffocated him.
TuttoEverythingtutto · pronoun, masculine, singularleft-dislocated subject, resumed by tutto (w7)dentroinsidedentro · adverbmodifies assumevafuorioutsidefuori · adverbmodifies assumevaintornoaroundintorno · adverbpart of the compound preposition intorno a, modifies assumevaatoa · prepositionpart of the phrase intorno aluihimlui · pronoun, masculine, singularcomplement of the preposition intorno atuttoeverythingtutto · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of assumevaassumevatook onassumere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of parvenzaparvenzalookparvenza · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of assumevaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of pesantezzapesantezzaheavinesspesantezza · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with parvenzad’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking incuboincubonightmareincubo · noun, masculine, singularmodifies pesantezzaitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of padronipadronimasterspadrone · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phrasechewhoche · pronounsubject of litigavanolitigavanowere quarrelinglitigare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on padronieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies occupavanosithemselvessi · pronounreflexive clitic of occupavano (occuparsi di)occupavanowere botheringoccupare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with litigavanopiùanymorepiù · adverbmodifies occupavanodiaboutdi · prepositionpreposition marking luiluihimlui · pronoun, masculine, singularobject of the preposition dicomeas ifcome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause fosse già mortofossewereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of mortogiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies mortomortodeadmorto · adjective, masculine, singular (past participle used predicatively)predicate complement of fosse, adverbial clause on occupavanolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasechewhoche · pronounsubject of tossivatossivawas coughingtossire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on nonnaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationchiamavawas callingchiamare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with tossivaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper noundirect object of chiamavaSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounhead of the phrasechewhoche · pronounsubject of andavaandavawentandare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on Speranzaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvenivacamevenire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with andavacautawarycauto · adjective, feminine, singularpredicative modifier of Speranza, describing her manner in andava/venivaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationselvaggiawildselvaggio · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with cauta, predicative modifier of Speranzachewhoche · pronounsubject of guardavalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of guardavaguardavaglancedguardare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on Speranzaallaina il · prepositionpreposition marking sfuggitaalla sfuggita is a set phrase meaning 'furtively, in passing.'
sfuggitapassingsfuggita · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of guardavacomeascome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause si guarda una bestia malatasionesi · pronounimpersonal subject marker of guardaguardalooks atguardare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on guardavaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of bestiabestiaanimalbestia · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of guarda (impersonal construction)malatasickmalato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies bestiaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies avvicinavaglihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of avvicinavasiherselfsi · pronounreflexive clitic of avvicinava (refers to Speranza)avvicinavacame nearavvicinare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardavamaievermai · adverbmodifies avvicinavapaurosafearfulpauroso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies Speranza (predicative apposition)cattivaunkindcattivo · adjective, feminine, singularcoordinated with paurosaegoistaselfishegoista · adjective, singularcoordinated with paurosaglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of servialtriotheraltro · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies serviserviservantsservo · noun, masculine, pluralhead of the phrasechewhoche · pronounsubject of lasciavanoglihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of lasciavanolasciavanoletlasciare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on servicrudelmentecruellycrudelmente · adverbmodifies lasciavanocapireunderstandcapire · verb, infinitivecomplement of lasciavanoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of statosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on statostatostatestato · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of capiredisperatodesperatedisperato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies statotuttoeverythingtutto · pronoun, masculine, singularopens the final list item, resumed by tutto (w90)ancheevenanche · adverbmodifies assistenzal’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of assistenzaassistenzaattentionassistenza · noun, feminine, singularhead of the phrasesvogliatahalf-heartedsvogliato · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies assistenzadellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking padronapadronamistresspadrona · noun, feminine, singularobject of della, modifies assistenzapiùmostpiù · adverbmodifies giovanegiovaneyounggiovane · adjective, singularmodifies padronalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of mogliemogliewifemoglie · noun, feminine, singularin apposition to padronadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking mercantemercantemerchantmercante · noun, masculine, singularmodifies moglietuttoeverythingtutto · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of pesavaglihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of pesavapesavaweighed onpesare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencelohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of opprimevaopprimevaoppressedopprimere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pesavalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of soffocavasoffocavasuffocatedsoffocare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with pesavaAlmost always, in his labored sleep, he dreamed he stood before an immensely high wall that threatened to collapse: he could not turn back, because a terrible ghost followed him; and the wall, tall, gray, cracked, loomed over his head.
Quasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies sempresemprealwayssempre · adverbmodifies sognavanelin thein il · prepositionpreposition marking sonnosonnosleepsonno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sognavaaffannosolaboredaffannoso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies sonnoegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of sognavasognavadreamedsognare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencediofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarsitrovarsistoodtrovarsi · verb, infinitive, reflexivecomplement of sognavadavantiin frontdavanti · adverbpart of the compound preposition davanti a, marking muroaofa · prepositionpart of the phrase davanti aunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of muromurowallmuro · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of trovarsialtissimoimmensely highalto · adjective, masculine, singular, superlative absolutemodifies muroThe -issimo suffix forms the superlative absolute of alto ('high/tall').
chethatche · pronounsubject of minacciavaminacciavathreatenedminacciare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on murorovinacollapserovina · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of minacciavavoltarsiturnvoltarsi · verb, infinitive, reflexiveinfinitive complement of poteva (fronted)indietrobackindietro · adverbmodifies voltarsinonnotnon · adverbmodifies potevapotevacouldpotere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of seguivaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fantasmafantasmaghostfantasma · noun, masculine, singularsubject of seguivaterribileterribleterribile · adjective, singularmodifies fantasmalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of seguivaseguivafollowedseguire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcausal clause (perchè...) modifying potevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of muromurowallmuro · noun, masculine, singularsubject of incombevaaltotallalto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies murogrigiograygrigio · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with altoscrepocrackedscrepolato · adjective, masculine, singular (word split across a line break: screpo-/lato)coordinated with alto/grigio, modifies muroThe source text splits 'screpolato' (cracked) into 'screpo' and 'lato' at a hyphenated line break; this gloss carries the full word's meaning.
lato(cont.)screpolato · adjective, masculine, singular (continuation of screpo, w33)continuation of screpolato begun at screpo (w33)Second half of 'screpolato' (cracked), split by a line-break artifact; see w33.
glihimlo · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of incombevaincombevaloomedincombere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesulover thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking capocapoheadcapo · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of incombevaThe ghost was her, with the red fan, the amber necklace, and the yellow shoes.
Iltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fantasmafantasmaghostfantasma · noun, masculine, singularsubject of eraerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to leileiherlei · pronoun, singularpredicate complement of eracolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking ventaglioventagliofanventaglio · noun, masculine, singularaccompanies leirossoredrosso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies ventaglioconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking collanalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of collanacollananecklacecollana · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with ventagliod’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking ambraambraamberambra · noun, feminine, singularmodifies collanaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of scarpettescarpetteshoesscarpetta · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with collanagialleyellowgiallo · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies scarpette- 92
*
- 93
Disperazione waited in vain for the arrival of the picture postcards addressed to Francesco.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of atteseattesewaitedattendere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceinvanoin vaininvano · adverbmodifies attesel’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of arrivoarrivoarrivalarrivo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of attesedelleof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking cartolinecartolinepostcardscartolina · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies arrivoillustratepictureillustrato · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies cartolineindirizzateaddressedindirizzare · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluralclause modifying cartolineatoa · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounoblique complement of indirizzate Some arrived for Uncle Ottavio, the merchant, with soldiers pulling faces, and with women very beautiful and nearly naked; one arrived for Uncle Sandrin with a big priest drinking from a flask, and another, very amusing, with a donkey dressed as a man; then two more for the aunt, one which turned into a little balloon when you pulled a thread, the other with a rose trimmed with a blue ribbon (indeed the aunt peeled off the stamp, and read what was written underneath) — but for Francesco, nothing.
Nesomene · pronoun, partitivepartitive clitic (of the gifts), object of giunserogiunseroarrivedgiungere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencealloto thea il · preposition + articlepreposition marking zioziounclezio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of giunseroOttavioOttavioOttavio · proper nounin apposition to zioiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of mercantemercantethe merchantmercante · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to zio Ottavioconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking soldatisoldatisoldierssoldato · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of giunserochewhoche · pronounsubject of facevanofacevanowere makingfare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on soldatiletheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of boccacceboccaccefacesboccaccia · noun, feminine, pluraldirect object of facevanoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking donnedonnewomendonna · noun, feminine, pluralcoordinated with soldatimoltoverymolto · adverbmodifies bellebellebeautifulbello · adjective, feminine, pluralmodifies donneeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationquasialmostquasi · adverbmodifies nudenudenakednudo · adjective, feminine, pluralcoordinated with belleneof themne · pronoun, partitivepartitive clitic (of the gifts), object of giunsegiunsearrivedgiungere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaoneuno · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of giunsealloto thea il · preposition + articlepreposition marking zioziounclezio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of giunseSandrinSandrinSandrin · proper nounin apposition to zioconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking pretoneunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of pretonepretonebig priestpretone · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of giunseaugmentative of prete ("priest") with -one, implying a large, burly man.
chewhoche · pronounsubject of bevevabevevawas drinkingbere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on pretonedafromda · prepositionpreposition marking fiascounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fiascofiascoflaskfiasco · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of bevevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationun’anuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of altraaltraanotheraltro · pronoun, feminine, singularcoordinated with una (subject of giunse)moltoverymolto · adverbmodifies divertentedivertenteamusingdivertente · adjective, singularmodifies altraconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking asinounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of asinoasinodonkeyasino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of giunsevestitodressedvestire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclause modifying asinodaasda · prepositionpreposition marking uomouomoa manuomo · noun, masculine, singularcomplement of vestito (dressed as)poithenpoi · adverbmodifies the implied giunseroanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies dueduetwodue · numeralsubject of implied giunseroallato thea il · preposition + articlepreposition marking ziaziaauntzia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of implied giunserounaoneuno · pronoun, feminine, singularin apposition to due (one of them)chewhichche · pronounsubject of diventavaawhena · prepositionintroduces the clause of tiraretirarepullingtirare · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on diventavaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of filofilothreadfilo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of tirarediventavabecamediventare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of palloncinopalloncinolittle balloonpalloncino · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of diventaval’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of altraaltraother onealtro · pronoun, feminine, singularcoordinated with una (the other one)conwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking rosaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of rosarosaroserosa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement modifying altraadornatrimmedadorno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies rosadiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking nastrounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of nastronastroribbonnastro · noun, masculine, singularcomplement of adornaazzurroblueazzurro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies nastroanziindeedanzi · adverbmodifies staccòlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of ziaziaauntzia · noun, feminine, singularsubject of staccòstaccòpeeled offstaccare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the parenthetical clause, coordinated with lesseiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of francobollofrancobollostampfrancobollo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of staccòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlessereadleggere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with staccòciòwhatciò · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of lessechethatche · pronounsubject of passive scrittov’therevi · pronoun, locativelocative pronoun with era scrittoerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of scrittoscrittowrittenscrivere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on ciòsottounderneathsotto · adverbmodifies scrittomabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationafora · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounoblique complement of implied giunsenientenothingniente · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of implied giunseHow ugly Francesco was!
ComeHowcome · adverbintroduces the clause of bruttoerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to bruttobruttouglybrutto · adjective, masculine, singularhead of the phraseFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of bruttoUglier and uglier.
Sempreeversempre · adverbmodifies bruttopiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies bruttobruttouglybrutto · adjective, masculine, singularhead of the phraseDisperazione looked at him and was afraid: afraid above all of those small green eyes, fiercely desperate.
DisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of guardavalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of guardavaguardavalooked atguardare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardavapaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of avevasopratuttoabove allsoprattutto · adverbmodifies paura (w8), specifying itpaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singularin apposition to paura (w6), explaining aveva pauradiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking occhiqueithosequello · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhipiccolismallpiccolo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies pauraverdigreenverde · adjective, pluralmodifies occhiferocementefiercelyferocemente · adverbmodifies disperatidisperatidesperatedisperare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying occhiOnce she heard him telling another farmhand about a promise and a threat that he and Eva had exchanged in the good days of their love.
Unaoneuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of voltavoltatimevolta · noun, feminine, singulartemporal adverbial modifying udìellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of udìLiterary subject pronoun, a more formal register than lei.
lohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of udì, logical subject of raccontareudìheardudire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceraccontaretellingraccontare · verb, infinitivecomplement infinitive of udìatoa · prepositionpreposition marking famigliounauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of famiglioaltrootheraltro · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies famigliofamigliofarmhandfamiglio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of raccontared’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking promessaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of promessapromessapromisepromessa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of raccontareeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationd’ofdi · prepositionpreposition marking minacciaunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of minacciaminacciathreatminaccia · noun, feminine, singularcoordinated with promessachethatche · pronoundirect object of scambiati (relative pronoun referring to promessa e minaccia)egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of scambiatiedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationEvaEvaEva · proper nouncoordinated with eglis’each othersi · pronoun, reciprocalreciprocal pronoun, object of scambiatieranohadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluralauxiliary of scambiatiscambiatiexchangedscambiare · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralrelative clause verb, modifies promessa e minacciaaiin thea il · preposition + articlepreposition marking tempibeigoodbello · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies tempitempidaystempo · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of scambiatidelof thedi il · preposition + articlepreposition marking amorelorotheirloro · determinerdepends on amoreamoreloveamore · noun, masculine, singularmodifies tempi- 94
"....if she died first, her spirit would come find me; if I died first, my spirit would go find her; and if I betrayed her, or she betrayed me, whichever of us died first would take revenge, once dead.
seifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of morivamorivadiedmorire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on venutoprimafirstprima · adverbmodifies morivaleishelei · pronoun, singularsubject of morivailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of spiritosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on spiritospiritospiritspirito · noun, masculine, singularsubject of venutosarebbewouldessere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of venutovenutocomevenire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarmitrovarmifind metrovare mi · verb, infinitivecomplement of venutoseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of morivomorivodiedmorire · verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singularadverbial clause on andatoprimafirstprima · adverbmodifies morivoioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of morivoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of spiritomiomymio · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on spiritospiritospiritspirito · noun, masculine, singularsubject of andatosarebbewouldessere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of andatoandatogoneandare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarlatrovarlafind hertrovare la · verb, infinitivecomplement of andatoseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tradivopoithenpoi · adverbmodifies tradivoioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of tradivolaherlo · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of tradivotradivobetrayedtradire · verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singularadverbial clause on vendicavaooro · conjunctionlinks the coordinationleishelei · pronoun, singularsubject of tradivamimemi · pronoun, singulardirect object of tradivatradivabetrayedtradire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with tradivoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of primoprimofirstprimo · adjective, masculine, singularsubject of vendicavachewhoche · pronounsubject of morivamorivadiedmorire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on primosihimselfsi · pronoun, reflexivereflexive pronoun, object of vendicavavendicavawould avengevendicare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking mortomortodeadmorto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of vendicava So I'll go find her, and if I want to, I'll be able to take my revenge; but where I'll find her, who knows?"
Dunquesodunque · adverbmodifies andròandròwill goandare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of andròatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of trovarlatrovarlafind hertrovare la · verb, infinitivecomplement of andròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vorròvorròwant tovolere · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularadverbial clause on vendicarmipotròwill be ablepotere · auxiliary verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of vendicarmivendicarmitake revengevendicare mi · verb, infinitivecoordinated with andròmabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdovewheredove · adverbmodifies troveròlaherlo · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of troveròtroveròwill findtrovare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechissàwho knowschissà · adverbmodifies troverò- 95
"In Milan," the other said, ironically.
AIna · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of dissedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencel’theil · determiner, singulardeterminer of altroaltrothe otheraltro · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of disseconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking ironiaironiaironyironia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of disse "But since you'll be about, you'll pass through these parts too, eh?"
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgiacchèsincegiacché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of saraisaraiwill beessere · verb, future, indicative, second-person, singularverb of the giacché-clauseininin · prepositionpreposition marking girogiroout and aboutgiro · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sarai"in giro" is an idiom meaning "out and about"; split here across the two words.
passeraiwill passpassare · verb, future, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceanchealsoanche · adverbmodifies passeraidathroughda · prepositionpreposition marking partiquestethesequesto · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of partipartipartsparte · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of passeraieheheh · interjectiontag interjection on the sentence- 96
"Could be!" Francesco answered.
Puòcouldpotere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of darsidarsibedare si · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentencerisposeansweredrispondere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounsubject of rispose Lifting his eyes he saw Speranza looking at him, frightened; he too looked at her and said: "Yes, I'll pass through here, and if Disperazione misbehaves I'll carry her off with me…."
Sollevandoliftingsollevare · verb, gerundadverbial clause on videglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of Sollevandovidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper noun, feminine, singulardirect object of videchewhoche · pronounsubject of guardavalohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of guardavaguardavawas lookingguardare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on Speranzaspauritafrightenedspaurito · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcomplement of guardavaanch’alsoanche · adverbmodifies egliegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of guardòlaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of guardòguardòlookedguardare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb, coordinated with disseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardòSìyessì · interjectiondiscourse markerpasseròI'll passpassare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the quoted sentencedithroughdi · prepositionpreposition marking quiquiherequi · adverbmodifies passeròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of faràDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper noun, feminine, singularsubject of faràfaràwill playfare · verb, future, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with passeròidiom 'fare la cattiva' = to misbehave, to play the bad one (in the children's game).
latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of cattivacattivabad onecattivo · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of faràlaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of porteròporteròI'll carryportare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain clause verb, apodosis of se faràviaawayvia · adverbmodifies porterò- 97
*
- 98
About six months later a letter arrived from Milan from Ottavio Magrini, addressed to his wife and brothers, in which he told of having again seen, in a café-concert, Eva accompanied by a gentleman.
Circaaboutcirca · adverbmodifies seiseisixsei · numeralquantifies mesimesimonthsmese · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of giunsedopolaterdopo · adverbmodifies mesigiunsearrivedgiungere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedafromda · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of giunseunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of letteraletteraletterlettera · noun, feminine, singularsubject of giunsedifromdi · prepositionpreposition marking OttavioOttavioOttavioOttavio · proper nounmodifies letteraMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper noundepends on Ottaviodirettaaddresseddiretto · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying letteraallato thea il · prepositionpreposition marking mogliemogliewifemoglie · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of direttaedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaito thea il · prepositionpreposition marking fratellifratellibrothersfratello · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with moglieov’in whichove · adverb (relative)introduces the relative clause on lettera, depends on raccontavaegliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of raccontavaraccontavatoldraccontare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the relative clause on letteradiofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of rivedutoaverhavingavere · auxiliary verb, infinitiveauxiliary of rivedutorivedutoseenrivedere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement of raccontavaancoraagainancora · adverbmodifies rivedutoininin · prepositionpreposition marking caffèunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of caffècaffècafécaffè · noun, masculineoblique complement of rivedutocaffè-concerto: a café offering musical entertainment.
concertoconcertconcerto · noun, masculine, singularcompound with caffèl’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of EvaEvaEvaEva · proper noundirect object of rivedutoaccompagnataaccompaniedaccompagnare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularclause modifying Evadabyda · prepositionpreposition marking signoreunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of signoresignoregentlemansignore · noun, masculine, singularagent of accompagnata - 99
"I was sitting at a little table near the door; she came in after me, and I saw her take off her cloak, and at once, dumbfounded, I noticed she was wearing the clasp (the one with the ruby) that went missing last year from Grandmother's drawer.
IoIio · pronoun, singularsubject of sedevosedevowas sittingsedere · verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencedavantiin frontdavanti · adverbpreposition marking tavolinoadofa · prepositionpart of the phrase davantiunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of tavolinotavolinolittle tabletavolino · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of sedevovicinonearvicino · adverbpreposition marking portaallathea il · prepositionpart of the phrase vicino, marking portaportadoorporta · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of sedevoellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of vennevennecamevenire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the clause coordinated with sedevodopoafterdopo · adverbpreposition marking mediofdi · prepositionpart of the phrase dopomememe · pronoun, singularhead of the phraseedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of vidilaherla · pronoun, feminine, singulardirect object of vidividisawvedere · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with vennelevarsitake offlevarsi · verb, infinitivecomplement of vidilatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of mantellamantellacloakmantella · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of levarsieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsubitoat oncesubito · adverbmodifies accorsimimyselfmi · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun of accorsiaccorsinoticedaccorgersi · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with vidisbalorditodumbfoundedsbalordire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on accorsichethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avevaavevawas wearingavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the che-clause complementing accorsiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of avevaquellothe onequello · pronoun, masculine, singularin apposition to fermagliocolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking rubinorubinorubyrubino · noun, masculine, singularmodifies quellochethatche · pronounsubject of mancòl’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of annoannoyearanno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of mancòscorsolastscorso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies annomancòwent missingmancare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on fermagliodalfrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking cassettocassettodrawercassetto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of mancòdellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking nonnanonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cassetto I remembered then having heard Grandmother say that around those days Eva, who had come to the village for a few days, had been to our house.
Mimyselfmi · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun of ricordairicordairememberedricordarsi · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceallorathenallora · adverbmodifies ricordaidiofdi · prepositionintroduces the clause of sentitoaverhavingavere · auxiliary verb, infinitiveauxiliary of sentitosentitoheardsentire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularcomplement of ricordaidiresaydire · verb, infinitivecomplement of sentitodallaby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking nonna, agent of direnonnagrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of direcomethatcome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fosse stataininin · prepositionpreposition marking giorniqueithosequello · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of giornigiornidaysgiorno · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of fosse statal’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of fosse statachewhoche · pronounsubject of venutaerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of venutavenutacomevenire · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularrelative clause on Evaperforper · prepositionpreposition marking giornoqualchea fewqualche · determiner, singulardeterminer of giornogiornodaysgiorno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of venutaininin · prepositionpreposition marking paesepaesethe villagepaese · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of venutafossehadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of statastatabeenessere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, feminine, singularverb of the come-clause, subject Evaaata · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of statanostraournostro · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on casaSuch was the fury that came over me, thinking it was she who had stolen the clasp and caused all the quarrels that broke out among us after that business — such was the fury, I say, that I saw red.
Dallafrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking rabbiarabbiaangerrabbia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of vidichethatche · pronounsubject of vennemimemi · pronoun, singularindirect object of vennevennecamevenire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on rabbiaalata il · prepositionpreposition marking pensarepensarethinkingpensare · verb, infinitivemodifies rabbiachethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of leifossehadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of statastatabeenessere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, feminine, singularverb of the che-clause, predicate leileishelei · pronoun, singularpredicative complement of stataatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of rubare, cleft markerrubarestolerubare · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on leiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of rubareedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of causarecausarecausedcausare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with rubaretuttialltutto · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on litigiitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of litigilitigiquarrelslitigio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of causareavvenutioccurredavvenire · verb, past, participle, masculine, pluralclause modifying litigifraamongfra · prepositionpreposition marking noinoiusnoi · pronoun, pluraloblique complement of avvenutidopoafterdopo · prepositionpreposition marking fattoquelthatquello · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fattofattobusinessfatto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of avvenutidallafrom theda il · prepositionpreposition marking rabbiarabbiaangerrabbia · noun, feminine, singularresumptive phrase, oblique complement of vididicoI saydire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularparenthetical, main verb of the inserted clausenonnotnon · adverbmodifies vidici(particle)ci · pronounfixed particle with vidi in the idiom vederciidiom 'non vederci più' = to see red / lose control in anger; 'ci' is a fossilized particle, not 'us'.
vidisawvedere · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencepiùany morepiù · adverbmodifies vidiI got up and went and sat down very close to Eva and her companion, a fat gentleman, quite bald, with his eyes set near his temples.
Mimyselfmi · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun of alzaialzaigot upalzarsi · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmimyselfmi · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun of misimisistartedmettersi · verb, past, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with alzaiatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of sederesederesitsedere · verb, infinitivecomplement of misivicinoclosevicino · adverbmodifies sederevicinoclosevicino · adverbpreposition marking Eva'vicino vicino' repeats the adverb for emphasis: 'very close'.
all’to thea il · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounoblique complement of sedereedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationalto thea il · prepositionpreposition marking compagnosuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on compagnocompagnocompanioncompagno · noun, masculine, singularcoordinated with Evaunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of signoresignoregentlemansignore · noun, masculine, singularin apposition to compagnograssofatgrasso · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies signoretuttocompletelytutto · adverbmodifies pelatopelatobaldpelato · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularin apposition to signore, coordinated with grassoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking occhiglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluralobject of con, describing signoresulleon thesu il · prepositionpreposition marking tempiatempiatemplestempia · noun, feminine, pluralmodifies occhiAs soon as she saw me, Eva turned first red, then pale, and pretended not to notice me; then, perhaps realizing I was about to open my mouth and make a scene, she leaned toward her companion and said something to him.
Appenaas soon asappena · adverbintroduces the temporal clause with videmimemi · pronoun, singulardirect object of videvidesawvedere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularverb of the appena-clause, subject EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of vide and diventòdiventòturneddiventare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceprimafirstprima · adverbmodifies rossarossaredrosso · adjective, feminine, singularoblique complement of diventòpoithenpoi · adverbmodifies pallidapallidapalepallido · adjective, feminine, singularsecond complement of diventò, coordinated with rossaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfinsepretendedfingere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with diventònonnotnon · adverbmodifies scorgermiscorgerminotice mescorgere mi · verb, infinitivecomplement of finsepoithenpoi · adverbmodifies curvòaccorgendosirealizingaccorgersi · verb, gerundadverbial clause on curvòforseperhapsforse · adverbmodifies accorgendosichethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stavoioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of stavostavowasstare · verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singularclausal complement of accorgendosilìjustlì · adverbpart of the idiom lì lì per with stavo"stare lì lì per" + infinitive is an idiom meaning "to be on the verge of (doing something)".
lìaboutlì · adverbpart of the idiom lì lì per with stavopertoper · prepositionintroduces the infinitive clause of aprirapriropenaprire · verb, infinitiveinfinitive complement of stavo lì lì perboccamouthbocca · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of aprireande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfaremakefare · verb, infinitivecoordinated with aprirunoauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of scandaloscandaloscenescandalo · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of faresiherselfsi · pronounreflexive pronoun with curvòcurvòleanedcurvarsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of this clauseversotowardverso · prepositionpreposition marking compagnoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of compagnocompagnocompanioncompagno · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of curvòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglito himgli · pronoun, masculine, singularindirect object of dissedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with curvòqualchesomequalche · determiner, singulardeterminer of cosacosathingcosa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of disse- 100
"Both of them got up and left; and I went after them.
Entrambibothentrambi · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of alzaronosithemselvessi · pronounreflexive pronoun with alzaronoalzaronogot upalzarsi · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsethemselvessi · pronounreflexive pronoun with andarono (andarsene)nefrom therene · pronounparticle with andarono (andarsene)andaronowentandare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with alzaronoedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of an implied verb (andai)dietroafterdietro · prepositionpreposition marking lorodiofdi · prepositionpart of the compound preposition dietro dilorothemloro · pronoun, pluralobject of dietro di Once out in the street I go up to Eva and say to her:
Giuntionce arrivedgiungere · verb, past participle, masculine, pluralabsolute participial clause on avvicinonellain thein il · prepositionpreposition marking stradastradastreetstrada · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of GiuntiioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of avvicinomimyselfmi · pronoun, singularreflexive pronoun with avvicinoavvicinogo upavvicinarsi · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceall’toa il · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounoblique complement of avvicinoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationleto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of dicodicosaydire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with avvicino- 101
"'Excuse me, don't you recognize me anymore?
Scusateexcuse mescusare · verb, present, imperative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencenonnotnon · adverbmodifies riconoscetemimemi · pronoun, singulardirect object of riconoscetericonosceterecognizericonoscere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the questionpiùanymorepiù · adverbmodifies riconoscete Allow me a word.'
Permetteteallowpermettere · verb, present, imperative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of parolaparolawordparola · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of Permettete- 102
"Eva pretends only then to notice me.
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of fingefingepretendsfingere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of vedermivederminotice mevedere mi · verb, infinitivecomplement of fingesoltantoonlysoltanto · adverbmodifies alloraallorathenallora · adverbmodifies finge - 103
"'Oh, Magrini, how are you?
Ohohoh · interjectiondiscourse markerMagriniMagriniMagrini · proper nounvocative, addressing the listenercomehowcome · adverbintroduces the question, modifies statestatearestare · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the question Are you here in Milan?'
Sieteareessere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencequiherequi · adverbmodifies Sieteaina · prepositionpreposition marking MilanoMilanoMilanMilano · proper nounoblique complement of Siete- 104
"'Of course,' I answer, 'seeing as I'm here!
Certamenteof coursecertamente · adverbmodifies rispondorispondoanswerrispondere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of rispondosesincese · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the causal clause of sonosonoamessere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularcopula linking to quiquiherequi · adverbpredicate complement of sono Allow me a word.'
Permetteteallowpermettere · verb, present, imperative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of parolaparolawordparola · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of Permettete- 105
"Eva looks at her friend, her friend crosses his eyes, drawing them as far toward his nose as he can, and then moves off a few steps.
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of guardaguardalooks atguardare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencel’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of amicoamicofriendamico · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of guardal’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of amicoamicofriendamico · noun, masculine, singularsubject of convergeconvergecrossesconvergere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with guardaglihisil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of occhiocchieyesocchio · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of convergeritirandolidrawing themritirare li · verb, gerundadverbial gerund modifying convergeversotowardverso · prepositionpreposition marking nasoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of nasonasonosenaso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of ritirandoliiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of piùpiùmostpiù · adverbadverbial extent modifying ritirandolicheasche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of puòpuòcanpotere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcomparative clause modifying piùeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpoithenpoi · adverbmodifies allontanasihimselfsi · pronounreflexive pronoun with allontanaallontanamoves offallontanarsi · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with convergedibydi · prepositionpreposition marking passoqualchea fewqualche · determiner, singulardeterminer of passopassostepspasso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of allontana - 106
"Then I say to Eva:
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies dicoioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of dicodicosaydire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceall’toa il · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounoblique complement of dico - 107
"'Listen, dear, who gave you the clasp you're wearing on your chest?'
Sentilistensentire · verb, present, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecaradearcaro · adjective, feminine, singularvocative, addressing the listenerchiwhochi · pronoun, singularsubject of ha datotiyouti · pronoun, singularindirect object of ha datohahasavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of datodatogivendare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the question, subject chiiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of datochethatche · pronoundirect object of tieni, referring to fermagliotieniweartenere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularrelative clause on fermagliosulonsu il · prepositionpreposition marking pettopettochestpetto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of tieni - 108
"'Who gave it to me?
Chiwhochi · pronounsubject of datometo meme · pronoun, singularindirect object of datoloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of datohahasavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of datodatogivendare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentence Oh, that's a good one — I bought it!'
Ohohoh · interjectiondiscourse markerbellathat's a good onebello · adjective, feminine, singularexclamatory, in apposition to Ohl’itlo · pronoun, singulardirect object of compratohohaveavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of compratocompratoboughtcomprare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentence- 109
"'Listen, dear, let's not beat about the bush,' I say, 'that clasp is mine; you took it from my house.'
Sentilistensentire · verb, present, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecaradearcaro · adjective, feminine, singularvocative, addressing the listenersmottiamolalet's stop thissmettere · verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural (cohortative)coordinated with SentiCohortative "smettiamo" + clitic "la" ("let's cut it out/stop it"); the surface spelling with -ott- looks like a colloquial variant of "smettiamola".
dicosaydire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with SentiioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of dicoquelthatquello · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of èèisessere · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to miomiominemio · pronoun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of ètuyoutu · pronoun, singularsubject of presol’itlo · pronoun, singulardirect object of presohaihaveavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularauxiliary of presopresotakenprendere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencedafromda · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of presomiamymio · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on casa - 110
"Then she makes a scene at me.... what a scene!
Allorathenallora · adverbmodifies faleishelei · pronoun, singularsubject of famiat memi · pronoun, singularindirect object of fafamakesfare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scenascenascenescena · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of famawhatma · conjunctionemphatic, links the exclamationunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of scenascenascenescena · noun, feminine, singularhead of the exclamatory phrase She starts telling me she'll sue me for slander, and so on, and so on.
Cominciastartscominciare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of dirmidirmitell medire mi · verb, infinitivecomplement of Cominciachethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of daròmimemi · pronoun, singularindirect object of daròdaròwill suedare · verb, future, indicative, third-person, singularclausal complement of dirmiSurface reads first-person "darò" but sense (and our translation) follow third-person "darà," matching the subject "lei"; "dare querela" idiomatically means "to sue."
querelalawsuitquerela · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of daròperforper · prepositionpreposition marking calunniacalunniaslandercalunnia · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of daròecc.etc.ecc. · adverbcoordinated with calunniaecc.etc.ecc. · adverbcoordinated with the previous ecc.- 111
"'Listen, dear,' I say then, 'don't get so angry.
Sentilistensentire · verb, present, imperative, second-person, singularmain verb of the sentencecaradearcaro · adjective, feminine, singularvocative, addressing the listenerdicosaydire · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularcoordinated with SentiioIio · pronoun, singularsubject of dicoallorathenallora · adverbmodifies diconondon'tnon · adverbmodifies arrabbiartiarrabbiartiget angryarrabbiarsi · verb, infinitivemain verb of the negative imperativecosìsocosì · adverbmodifies arrabbiarti Since you don't want us to settle this quietly between us, I'll sue you too, and we'll see….'
Poichèsincepoiché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the causal clause of darònondon'tnon · adverbmodifies vuoivuoiwantvolere · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularverb of the causal clause modifying daròchethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of aggiustiamocieach otherci · pronoun, pluralreciprocal object of aggiustiamoaggiustiamosettleaggiustarsi · verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, pluralclausal complement of vuoiallain thea il · prepositionpreposition marking megliomegliobest waymeglio · adverboblique complement of aggiustiamotiyouti · pronoun, singularindirect object of daròdaròwill suedare · verb, future, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentencequerelalawsuitquerela · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of daròanch’tooanche · adverbmodifies ioioIio · pronoun, singularemphasizes the subject of daròeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvedremowe'll seevedere · verb, future, indicative, first-person, pluralcoordinated with darò- 112
"Eva turns into a fury; she calls the gentleman with her, and he comes forward, very slowly, cautiously, indeed, it seemed to me, with a certain fear; she begins telling him the story, and ends by saying:
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of diventadiventaturns intodiventare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of furiafuriafuryfuria · noun, feminine, singularcomplement of diventachiamacallschiamare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of signoresignoregentlemansignore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of chiamachewhoche · pronounsubject of accompagnal’himlo · pronoun, singulardirect object of accompagnaaccompagnaaccompaniesaccompagnare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularrelative clause on signoreeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcostuihecostui · pronoun, singularsubject of avanzasi(reflexive)si · pronounexpletive with avanzaavanzacomes forwardavanzare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with chiamapianinoslowlypianino · adverbmodifies avanzapianinoslowlypianino · adverbcoordinated with pianinoconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking prudenzaprudenzacautionprudenza · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of avanzaanziindeedanzi · adverbmodifies timorem’to memi · pronoun, singularindirect object of parsoèhasessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of parsoparsoseemedparere · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of parenthetical clauseconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking timoreunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of timorecertocertaincerto · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies timoretimorefeartimore · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of avanzaellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of cominciacominciabeginscominciare · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of raccontargliraccontarglitells himraccontare · verb, infinitivecomplement of cominciaraccontare + the enclitic dative gli, 'to him'
latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of storiastoriastorystoria · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of raccontarglieande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfinisceendsfinire · verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with cominciacolbycon il · prepositionpreposition marking dirediresayingdire · verb, infinitiveoblique complement of finisce - 113
"'You remember I've always told you this clasp was given to me by my fiancé, by Francesco Peretti, who is now dead, poor thing….
Voiyouvoi · pronoun, pluralsubject of ricordatericordaterememberricordare · verb, present, indicative, second-person, pluralmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dettovito youvi · pronoun, pluralindirect object of dettohohaveavere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularauxiliary of dettosemprealwayssempre · adverbmodifies dettodettotolddire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of ricordatecomehowcome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of regalatoquestothisquesto · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of regalatomito memi · pronoun, singularindirect object of regalatovennewasvenire · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularpassive auxiliary of regalatoregalatogivenregalare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the come-clausedalby theda il · prepositionpreposition marking fidanzatomiomymio · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on fidanzatofidanzatofiancéfidanzato · noun, masculine, singularagent of regalatodabyda · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounagent of regalatoPerettiPerettiPeretti · proper noundepends on Francescochewhoche · pronounsubject of mortooranowora · adverbmodifies mortoèisessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of mortomortodeadmorire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularrelative clause on Francescopoverettopoor thingpoveretto · adjective, masculine, singularhead of the phrase You'll be my witness.'
Voiyouvoi · pronoun, pluralsubject of saretemito memi · pronoun, singularindirect object of saretesaretewill beessere · verb, future, indicative, second-person, pluralcopula linking to testimonetestimonewitnesstestimone · noun, masculine, singularpredicate complement of sarete- 114
"I ask:
IoIio · pronoun, singularsubject of domandodomandoaskdomandare · verb, present, indicative, first-person, singularmain verb of the sentence - 115
"'When did he give it to you?'
Quandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of regalòteto youte · pronoun, singularindirect object of regalòloitlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of regalòregalògaveregalare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentence - 116
"'Well, when we were engaged....'
Ehwelleh · interjectionhead of the phrasequandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fidanzatieravamowereessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, pluralcopula linking to fidanzatifidanzatiengagedfidanzato · adjective, masculine, pluralpredicate complement of eravamo - 117
"'Ah, very well!
Ahahah · interjectionhead of the phrasebenissimovery wellbene · adverbcoordinated with Ah But if the clasp went missing from my house six months ago.... which was when you no longer were, and could no longer be, engaged to poor Francesco?
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationseifse · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mancatoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singularsubject of mancatoèhasessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of mancatomancatogone missingmancare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencedifromdi · prepositionpreposition marking casacasahousecasa · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of mancatomiamymio · determiner, feminine, singularmodifies casaseisixsei · numeralquantifies mesimesimonthsmese · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of mancatofaagofa · adverbmodifies mesiquandowhenquando · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ericioèthat iscioè · adverbmodifies the clause introduced by quandotuyoutu · pronoun, singularsubject of erinonnotnon · adverbmodifies erieriwereessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singularmain verb of the clauseeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnonnotnon · adverbmodifies potevipotevicouldpotere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singularauxiliary of fidanzatapiùlongerpiù · adverbmodifies poteviesserebeessere · auxiliary verb, infinitivecopula linking to fidanzatafidanzataengagedfidanzato · adjective, feminine, singularpredicate complement of esserecolwith thecon il · prepositionpreposition marking Francescopoveropoorpovero · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounoblique complement of fidanzataBesides, he was incapable of a low act, and now you slander him because he's dead?'
Delof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking restorestorestresto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of incapaceidiom 'del resto' = 'besides, moreover'
egliheegli · pronoun, masculine, singularsubject of incapaceerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to incapaceincapaceincapableincapace · adjective, singularhead of the phrasedìofdi · prepositionpreposition marking azioneunaauno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of azionebassalowbasso · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies azioneazioneactazione · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of incapaceedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationoranowora · adverbmodifies calunnituyoutu · pronoun, singularsubject of calunnilohimlo · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of calunnicalunnislandercalunniare · verb, present, indicative, second-person, singularcoordinated with eraperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mortoèisessere · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of mortomortodeadmorire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularadverbial clause on calunni- 118
"Eva kept screaming; a lot of people gathered around, and two policemen asked Eva and me to come to the station to settle our dispute."
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of continuòcontinuòkeptcontinuare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of strillarestrillarescreamingstrillare · verb, infinitivecomplement of continuòsi(reflexive)si · pronounexpletive with avvicinòavvicinògatheredavvicinare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemoltaa lot ofmolto · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of gentegentepeoplegente · noun, feminine, singularsubject of avvicinòeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationduetwodue · numeralquantifies guardieguardiepolicemenguardia · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of pregaronopregaronoaskedpregare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralcoordinated with avvicinòmememe · pronoun, singulardirect object of pregaronoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationl’theil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nouncoordinated with meditodi · prepositionintroduces the clause of recarcirecarcicomerecarsi · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on pregaronorecarsi 'to go/betake oneself' + ci 'us'
intoin · prepositionpreposition marking questuraquesturastationquestura · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of recarcipertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of definiredefiniresettledefinire · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on recarcilatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of questionenostraournostro · determiner, feminine, singulardepends on questionequestionedisputequestione · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of definire - 119
*
- 120
The proof was found, and Eva was convicted.
Letheil · determiner, feminine, pluraldeterminer of proveproveproofsprova · noun, feminine, pluralsubject of passive trovatefuronowereessere · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralpassive auxiliary of trovatetrovatefoundtrovare · verb, past, participle, feminine, pluralmain verb of the sentenceedande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of passive condannatafuwasessere · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularpassive auxiliary of condannatacondannataconvictedcondannare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcoordinated with trovate Only one little person could have saved her: Disperazione; but Disperazione was too busy with her own rounds and her own small affairs to meddle in family business.
Unaoneuno · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of personcinasolaonlysolo · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies personcinapersoncinalittle personpersoncina · noun, feminine, singularsubject of salvarlaavrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of salvarlapotutobeen ablepotere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singularauxiliary of salvarlasalvarlasaved hersalvare · verb, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounhead of the phrasemabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationDisperazioneDisperazioneDisperazione · proper nounsubject of occupataerawasessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of occupatatroppotootroppo · adverbmodifies occupataoccupatabusyoccupare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceneiwith thein il · prepositionpreposition marking girisuoiher ownsuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on girigiriroundsgiro · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of occupataeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationneiwith thein il · prepositionpreposition marking affarisuoiher ownsuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on affaripiccolismallpiccolo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies affariaffariaffairsaffare · noun, masculine, pluralcoordinated with giripertoper · prepositionintroduces the clause of ingerirepotersito be ablepotere · auxiliary verb, infinitiveauxiliary of ingerireingeriremeddleingerirsi · verb, infinitiveadverbial clause on occupatadegliof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking affariaffariaffairsaffare · noun, masculine, pluraloblique complement of ingerirediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking famigliafamigliafamilyfamiglia · noun, feminine, singularmodifies affariShe only answered yes to the questions her uncles put to her.
Soltantoonlysoltanto · adverbmodifies risposerisposeansweredrispondere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencesìyessì · adverbmodifies risposealleto thea il · prepositionpreposition marking domandedomandequestionsdomanda · noun, feminine, pluraloblique complement of risposechethatche · pronoundirect object of rivolseroglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of ziiziiuncleszio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of rivolseroleto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of rivolserorivolseroputrivolgere · verb, past, indicative, third-person, pluralrelative clause on domande- 121
Had Eva come to visit Grandmother?
EvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of stataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of statastatabeenessere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentenceatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of visitarevisitarevisitvisitare · verb, infinitivecomplement of statalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nonnanonnaGrandmothernonna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of visitare Yes.
Sìyessì · interjectionhead of the phraseHad Eva gone near the mirror?
S’(reflexive)si · pronounexpletive with avvicinataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of avvicinataEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of avvicinataavvicinatagone nearavvicinare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularmain verb of the sentencealloto thea il · prepositionpreposition marking specchiospecchiomirrorspecchio · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of avvicinataYes.
Sìyessì · interjectionhead of the phraseHad she looked inside the drawer?
Avevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of guardatoguardatolookedguardare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencedentroinsidedentro · prepositionpreposition marking cassettoiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of cassettocassettodrawercassetto · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of guardatoYes.
Sìyessì · interjectionhead of the phrase- 122
Of the nighttime adventure she said not a word; it seemed to her that her uncles would have understood what she had gone to do, that night, among the bushes on the bank.
Dell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking avventuraavventuraadventureavventura · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of dissenotturnanighttimenotturno · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies avventuranonnotnon · adverbmodifies dissedissesaiddire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceparolawordparola · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of disseleto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of capitoglitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of ziiziiuncleszio · noun, masculine, pluralsubject of capitoavrebberowould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, pluralauxiliary of capitocapitounderstoodcapire · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of parevaciòthatciò · pronoun, masculine, singulardirect object of capitochewhichche · pronoundirect object of fareellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of andataerahadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of andataandatagoneandare · verb, past, participle, feminine, singularrelative clause on ciòatoa · prepositionintroduces the clause of farefaredofare · verb, infinitivecomplement of andataquellathatquello · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of nottenottenightnotte · noun, feminine, singularadverbial of andatafraamongfra · prepositionpreposition marking cespugliitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of cespuglicespuglibushescespuglio · noun, masculine, pluraladverbial of andatadellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking rivarivabankriva · noun, feminine, singularmodifies cespugli - 123
Besides, she did not really understand what it was all about, and believed that Eva really had stolen the clasp, as everyone claimed.
D’besidesdi · prepositionpreposition marking altrondeD’altronde is a fixed idiom meaning "besides/anyway"; its meaning is carried across both pieces.
altrondebesidesaltronde · adverbmodifies capivaellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of capivanonnotnon · adverbmodifies capivacapivaunderstoodcapire · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencebenewellbene · adverbmodifies capivadiaboutdi · prepositionpreposition marking chechewhatche · pronounoblique complement of trattassesiitsi · pronounreflexive pronoun of trattarsitrattassewas abouttrattarsi · verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularreflexive clausal complement of capivaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationcredevabelievedcredere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with capivachethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rubatoEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of rubatoavessehadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of rubatorealmentereallyrealmente · adverbmodifies rubatorubatostolenrubare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularclausal complement of credevailtheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fermagliofermaglioclaspfermaglio · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of rubatocomeascome · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of affermavanotuttieveryonetutto · pronoun, masculine, pluralsubject of affermavanoaffermavanoclaimedaffermare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, pluraladverbial clause on rubato Moreover she never dared to say Francesco's name, because she was afraid of his ghost.
Inoltremoreoverinoltre · adverbmodifies osavanonnotnon · adverbmodifies osavaosavadaredosare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencemaievermai · adverbmodifies osavanominareto namenominare · verb, infinitiveinfinitive complement of osavaFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper noundirect object of nominareperchèbecauseperché · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avevaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularadverbial clause on nominarepaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of avevadelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking spiritosuohissuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on spiritospiritoghostspirito · noun, masculine, singularmodifies paura- 124
*
- 125
Only later did she understand everything, and feel the responsibility of her thoughtless behavior.
Soloonlysolo · adverbmodifies tardipiùmorepiù · adverbmodifies tarditardilatetardi · adverbmodifies capìellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of capìcapìunderstoodcapire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceognieveryogni · determiner, singulardeterminer of cosacosathingcosa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of capìeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsentìfeltsentire · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with capìlatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of responsabilitàresponsabilitàresponsibilityresponsabilità · noun, femininedirect object of sentìdelof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking procederesuohersuo · determiner, masculine, singulardepends on procedereincoscientethoughtlessincosciente · adjective, singularmodifies procedereprocederebehaviorprocedere · noun (infinitive used as noun), masculine, singularoblique complement of responsabilità But it was too late; Eva had already served her sentence, and Speranza judged it useless to speak.
Mabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationerawasessere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcopula linking to tarditardilatetardi · adverbhead of the phraseEvaEvaEva · proper nounsubject of scontatoavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of scontatogiàalreadygià · adverbmodifies scontatoscontatoservedscontare · verb, past, participle, masculine, singularmain verb of the sentencelatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of condannacondannasentencecondanna · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scontatoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationSperanzaSperanzaSperanza · proper nounsubject of giudicògiudicòjudgedgiudicare · verb, past, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with scontatoinutileuselessinutile · adjective, singularcomplement of giudicòparlareto speakparlare · verb, infinitivecomplement of giudicò- 126
She was sixteen by then, and was courting a handsome blond miller, rosy-cheeked, powdered with flour, with whom she too had wanted to exchange the promise of the appearance of spirits.
Ellasheella · pronoun, feminine, singularsubject of avevaavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceallorathenallora · adverbmodifies avevasedicisixteensedici · numeralquantifies annianniyearsanno · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of avevaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfacevawas courtingfare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with avevafaceva l’amore here is an old idiom meaning "was courting/flirting," not the modern sense of the phrase.
l’theil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of amoreamoreloveamore · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of facevaconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking molinerunauno · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of molinerbelhandsomebello · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies molinermolinermillermoliner · noun, masculine, singularobject of conmoliner is a Sardinian dialect word for "miller," not standard Italian mugnaio.
biondoblondbiondo · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies molinerroseorosyroseo · adjective, masculine, singularcoordinated with biondoincipriatopowderedincipriato · adjective, masculine, singularmodifies molinerdiwithdi · prepositionpreposition marking farinafarinaflourfarina · noun, feminine, singularoblique complement of incipriatocolwithcon il · prepositionpreposition marking qualequalewhomquale · pronoun, singularoblique complement of scambiareavevahadavere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularauxiliary of volutovolutowantedvolere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singularauxiliary of scambiarescambiareto exchangescambiare · verb, infinitivecomplement of volutoanchetooanche · adverbmodifies leileishelei · pronoun, singularemphasizes the subject (Ella)latheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of promessapromessapromisepromessa · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scambiaredell’of thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking apparizioneapparizioneappearanceapparizione · noun, feminine, singularmodifies promessadegliof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking spiritispiritispiritsspirito · noun, masculine, pluralmodifies apparizione She would have liked to exchange the threat of posthumous revenge too, in case of betrayal; but she remembered what had happened with Eva and Francesco, and was afraid.
Avrebbewould haveavere · auxiliary verb, present, conditional, third-person, singularauxiliary of volutovolutowantedvolere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singularauxiliary of scambiareanchetooanche · adverbmodifies scambiarescambiareto exchangescambiare · verb, infinitivecomplement of volutolatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of minacciaminacciathreatminaccia · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of scambiaredellaof thedi il · prepositionpreposition marking vendettavendettarevengevendetta · noun, feminine, singularmodifies minacciapostumaposthumouspostuma · adjective, feminine, singularmodifies vendettaininin · prepositionpreposition marking casocasocasecaso · noun, masculine, singularoblique complement of scambiarediofdi · prepositionpreposition marking tradimentotradimentobetrayaltradimento · noun, masculine, singularmodifies casomabutma · conjunctionlinks the coordinationricordavarememberedricordare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceiltheil · determiner, masculine, singulardeterminer of fattofattomatterfatto · noun, masculine, singulardirect object of ricordavadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies fattoeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nouncoordinated with Evaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavevahadavere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularcoordinated with ricordavapaurafearpaura · noun, feminine, singulardirect object of avevaIt seemed to her that Eva's conviction had been Francesco's revenge: and with that thought she drove away her own belated scruples of conscience too.
Leto herle · pronoun, feminine, singularindirect object of parevaparevaseemedparere · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentencechethatche · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vendettalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of condannacondannaconvictioncondanna · noun, feminine, singularsubject of vendettadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking EvaEvaEvaEva · proper nounmodifies condannafossehadessere · auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singularauxiliary of statastatabeenessere · auxiliary verb, past, participle, feminine, singularcopula linking to vendettalatheil · determiner, feminine, singulardeterminer of vendettavendettarevengevendetta · noun, feminine, singularclausal complement of parevadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking FrancescoFrancescoFrancescoFrancesco · proper nounmodifies vendettaeande · conjunctionlinks the coordinationconwithcon · prepositionpreposition marking ciòciòthatciò · pronoun, masculine, singularoblique complement of scacciavascacciavadrove awayscacciare · verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singularmain verb of the sentenceanchetooanche · adverbmodifies scrupoliitheil · determiner, masculine, pluraldeterminer of scrupolisuoiher ownsuo · determiner, masculine, pluraldepends on scrupolitardivibelatedtardivo · adjective, masculine, pluralmodifies scrupoliscrupoliscruplesscrupolo · noun, masculine, pluraldirect object of scacciavadiofdi · prepositionpreposition marking coscienzacoscienzaconsciencecoscienza · noun, feminine, singularmodifies scrupoli
The particulars
- The text
- I giuochi della vita, Grazia Deledda. The Games of Life.
- Translation
- Public-domain Italian (Deledda, d. 1936; collection published 1905). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
- Words
- Every word of the text, by letter.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents