The Iliad 1732 Studios

Ancient Greek · The Patrocleia

Ἰλιάδος Λ

Book 11. Agamemnon's Day of Glory

Agamemnon's day of glory ends with a wound. Diomedes, Odysseus and Machaon are hit. Nestor asks Patroclus to plead with Achilles.

847 lines · 106 notes

Tap a line to open its words. The mark beside it plays it.

  1. 1

    Dawn, from her bed beside glorious Tithonus,

    Metre

    ἨὼςDawnἠώς · nominative singular feminine nounsubject of ὄρνυθ̓
    δandδέ · particlecoordinating word
    ἐκfromἐκ · prepositionpreposition
    λεχέωνbedλέχος · genitive plural neuter nounobject of ἐκ
    παρbesideπαρά · prepositionpreposition
    ἀγαυοῦgloriousἀγαυός · genitive singular masculine adjectivemodifies Τιθωνοῖο
    ΤιθωνοῖοTithonusΤιθωνός · genitive singular masculine nounadverbial to παῤ
  2. 2

    rose, to bring light to immortals and to mortals;

  3. 3

    and Zeus sent Strife to the swift ships of the Achaeans,

  4. 4

    grievous, holding in her hands the sign of war.

  5. 5

    and stood upon Odysseus' huge black ship,

  6. 6

    which lay at the middle, so a shout could carry both ways,

  7. 7

    toward the huts of Ajax, son of Telamon,

  8. 8

    and toward Achilles'; these had drawn their balanced ships

  9. 9

    at the farthest ends, trusting in their manhood and the strength of their hands.

  10. 10

    Standing there, the goddess gave a great and terrible cry,

  11. 11

    high-pitched; and into every Achaean she poured great strength,

  12. 12

    into his heart, to wage war and fight without cease.

  13. 13

    At once war became sweeter to them than to return

  14. 14

    in the hollow ships to their own dear native land.

  15. 15

    The son of Atreus shouted and ordered the Argives to arm;

  16. 16

    and he himself put on the flashing bronze.

  17. 17

    First he set greaves about his shins,

  18. 18

    fine ones, fitted with silver ankle-pieces;

  19. 19

    next he put the corselet about his chest,

  20. 20

    which Cinyras once had given him as a guest-gift.

  21. 21

    For he had heard in Cyprus the great report, that the Achaeans

  22. 22

    were soon to sail in ships to Troy;

  23. 23

    therefore he gave it to him, seeking to please the king.

  24. 24

    On it were ten bands of dark-blue inlay,

  25. 25

    twelve of gold and twenty of tin;

  26. 26

    and dark-blue serpents reared up toward the neck,

  27. 27

    three on either side, like the rainbows the son of Cronos

  28. 28

    sets firm in cloud, a sign for mortal men.

  29. 29

    About his shoulders he slung a sword; its golden studs

  30. 30

    shone all around, while the sheath about it was

  31. 31

    silver, hung from golden straps.

  32. 32

    He lifted his man-enclosing, richly wrought battle-shield,

  33. 33

    beautiful, with ten circles of bronze around its rim;

  34. 34

    and on it were twenty bosses of tin,

  35. 35

    white, and at their center one of dark-blue inlay.

  36. 36

    And crowning it was the grim-faced Gorgon,

  37. 37

    glaring terribly, with Terror and Rout around her.

  38. 38

    Its carrying strap was silver; upon it

  39. 39

    a dark-blue serpent coiled, with three heads

  40. 40

    twisting each way, sprung from a single neck.

  41. 41

    Upon his head he set the double-crested, four-bossed helmet,

  42. 42

    with a horsehair crest; and terribly the plume nodded above it;

  43. 43

    and he took two strong spears, tipped with bronze,

  44. 44

    sharp; far from them, into heaven, the bronze

  45. 45

    flashed; and Athena and Hera thundered above,

  46. 46

    honoring the king of gold-rich Mycenae.

  47. 47

    Then each man ordered his own charioteer

  48. 48

    to hold the horses well and in due order there beside the trench,

  49. 49

    while they themselves, foot fighters armed in their war gear,

  50. 50

    rushed forward; and at dawn an unquenchable shout arose.

  51. 51

    Marshaled by the trench, they were far ahead of the horsemen,

  52. 52

    who followed a little behind; and among them an evil din

  53. 53

    the son of Cronos stirred, and from on high sent down a dew

  54. 54

    drenched in blood from the clear sky, because he meant

  55. 55

    to hurl many mighty heads down to Hades.

  56. 56

    The Trojans, on the other side, upon a rise of the plain,

  57. 57

    stood round great Hector and blameless Polydamas,

  58. 58

    and Aeneas, honored like a god among the Trojan people,

  59. 59

    and Antenor's three sons, Polybus and godlike Agenor

  60. 60

    and young Acamas, like the immortals.

  61. 61

    In the front ranks Hector carried his shield, round on every side.

  62. 62

    As a baneful star emerges from the clouds,

  63. 63

    blazing bright, then sinks again into shadowy clouds,

  64. 64

    so Hector now appeared among the foremost,

  65. 65

    now among the last, urging them on; and his whole body in bronze

  66. 66

    flashed like lightning from father Zeus who bears the aegis.

  67. 67

    And as reapers facing one another

  68. 68

    drive their swath across a rich man's field

  69. 69

    of wheat or barley, and the thick handfuls fall,

  70. 70

    so Trojans and Achaeans, leaping upon one another,

  71. 71

    slew; neither side thought of ruinous flight.

  72. 72

    The battle held their heads level, and like wolves

  73. 73

    they rushed; and Strife of many groans rejoiced to watch.

  74. 74

    For she alone of the gods was there among the fighters;

  75. 75

    the other gods were not among them, but sat at ease

  76. 76

    in their own halls, where for each of them

  77. 77

    a fair house was built among the folds of Olympus.

  78. 78

    And all blamed the dark-clouded son of Cronos,

  79. 79

    because he wished to grant glory to the Trojans.

  80. 80

    But the father paid them no heed; withdrawing apart,

  81. 81

    far from the others, he sat exulting in his glory,

  82. 82

    gazing on Troy's city and the ships of the Achaeans,

  83. 83

    the flash of bronze, and men killing and being killed.

  84. 84

    As long as morning lasted and the sacred day grew stronger,

  85. 85

    the weapons struck both sides, and the people fell.

  86. 86

    But when a woodcutter makes ready his meal

  87. 87

    in the mountain glens, when he has wearied his hands

  88. 88

    cutting tall trees, and weariness comes upon his spirit,

  89. 89

    and desire for sweet food grips his heart,

  90. 90

    then by their own valor the Danaans broke the battalions,

  91. 91

    calling to their comrades down the ranks; and among them Agamemnon

  92. 92

    sprang first and slew a man, Bienor, shepherd of the people,

  93. 93

    him, and then his companion Oileus, driver of horses.

  94. 94

    He leapt down from his chariot and stood facing him;

  95. 95

    and as he rushed straight on, Agamemnon stabbed him in the forehead with the sharp spear,

  96. 96

    nor did the bronze-heavy helmet-rim hold back the spear,

  97. 97

    but it passed through it and through the bone, and all the brain

  98. 98

    within was spattered; and he brought him down as he charged.

  99. 99

    And Agamemnon, lord of men, left them there,

  100. 100

    their bare chests gleaming, once he had stripped away their tunics;

  101. 101

    then he went to strip Isus and Antiphus,

  102. 102

    two sons of Priam, one bastard, one legitimate,

  103. 103

    both in a single chariot: the bastard drove the team,

  104. 104

    while renowned Antiphus rode beside him. Once Achilles

  105. 105

    had bound them on Ida's slopes with pliant willow-twigs,

  106. 106

    catching them as they tended sheep, and freed them for ransom.

  107. 107

    Then the wide-ruling lord Agamemnon

  108. 108

    struck one with his spear in the chest above the nipple,

  109. 109

    and Antiphus he struck beside the ear with his sword and hurled from the chariot.

  110. 110

    In haste he stripped the fine armor from them,

  111. 111

    knowing them; for he had seen them before beside the swift ships,

  112. 112

    when swift-footed Achilles brought them from Ida.

  113. 113

    As a lion finds the tender fawns of a swift doe

  114. 114

    and easily crushes them in his strong teeth,

  115. 115

    coming into their lair, and robs them of their tender hearts;

  116. 116

    and though she chances to be very near, she cannot

  117. 117

    save them, for dreadful trembling seizes the doe herself;

  118. 118

    and swiftly she darts through dense thickets and woodland,

  119. 119

    hurrying, sweating, before the mighty beast's onslaught—

  120. 120

    so no Trojan could ward destruction from those two,

  121. 121

    but they themselves fled before the Argives.

  122. 122

    Then Pisander and Hippolochus, steadfast in battle,

  123. 123

    sons of wise Antimachus, who above all,

  124. 124

    having received gold from Paris, splendid gifts,

  125. 125

    would not allow Helen to be given back to golden-haired Menelaus—

  126. 126

    those two the lord Agamemnon seized

  127. 127

    together in one chariot, both controlling the swift horses;

  128. 128

    for the shining reins had slipped from their hands,

  129. 129

    and the pair were thrown into confusion; he sprang against them like a lion,

  130. 130

    the son of Atreus; and from the chariot the two clasped his knees:

  131. 131

    "Take me alive, son of Atreus, and accept a worthy ransom.

  132. 132

    Many treasures lie in Antimachus' house,

  133. 133

    bronze and gold and iron wrought with toil.

  134. 134

    From these my father would grant you boundless ransom

  135. 135

    if he learned that we two were alive beside the ships of the Achaeans."

  136. 136

    So the two, weeping, addressed the king

  137. 137

    with gentle words; but a pitiless voice they heard:

  138. 138

    "If indeed you are the sons of wise Antimachus,

  139. 139

    who once in the assembly of the Trojans urged that Menelaus,

  140. 140

    when he came as an envoy with godlike Odysseus,

  141. 141

    be killed there and not sent back again to the Achaeans,

  142. 142

    now you shall pay for your father's shameful outrage."

  143. 143

    He spoke, and thrust Pisander down from the chariot to the ground,

  144. 144

    striking him in the chest with his spear; he fell back upon the earth.

  145. 145

    Hippolochus leapt down; him again he slew on the ground,

  146. 146

    cutting off his hands with the sword and striking off his head,

  147. 147

    and sent him rolling like a log through the throng.

  148. 148

    He left them; then where the battalions were driven thickest,

  149. 149

    there he leapt in, and with him the other well-greaved Achaeans.

  150. 150

    Footmen killed footmen fleeing under compulsion,

  151. 151

    horsemen killed horsemen; beneath them dust rose

  152. 152

    from the plain, raised by the thunderous hooves of horses,

  153. 153

    as the men laid waste with bronze; but the lord Agamemnon

  154. 154

    followed, ever killing, and urged on the Argives.

  155. 155

    As when consuming fire falls upon an uncut forest,

  156. 156

    and the wind, veering everywhere, carries it on, and the thickets

  157. 157

    fall root and branch, beaten down by the fire's assault,

  158. 158

    so beneath Atreus' son Agamemnon fell the heads

  159. 159

    of fleeing Trojans, and many high-necked horses

  160. 160

    rattled empty chariots along the causeways of battle,

  161. 161

    longing for their blameless charioteers; but they upon the ground

  162. 162

    lay, far dearer to vultures than to their wives.

  163. 163

    But Zeus led Hector out of the missiles and the dust,

  164. 164

    out of the slaughter of men, the blood, and the battle-din;

  165. 165

    and the son of Atreus followed, fiercely urging on the Danaans.

  166. 166

    Past the tomb of old Ilus, son of Dardanus,

  167. 167

    across the middle of the plain, past the fig tree, they rushed,

  168. 168

    straining for the city; and he followed always, shouting,

  169. 169

    the son of Atreus, his irresistible hands splashed with gore.

  170. 170

    But when they reached the Scaean gates and the oak tree,

  171. 171

    there at last they stood and waited for one another.

  172. 172

    Others still fled down the middle of the plain like cattle,

  173. 173

    a whole herd a lion has scattered, coming in the dead of night;

  174. 174

    but for one cow sheer destruction comes into view.

  175. 175

    Seizing her, he first breaks her neck with his strong teeth,

  176. 176

    then gulps down all her blood and entrails;

  177. 177

    so the son of Atreus, the lord Agamemnon, pursued them,

  178. 178

    always killing the hindmost man, while the rest fled on.

  179. 179

    Many fell headlong or backward from their chariots

  180. 180

    beneath the son of Atreus' hands, for his spear raged far before him.

  181. 181

    But when he was soon to come beneath the city and its steep wall,

  182. 182

    then the father of men and gods

  183. 183

    sat upon the peaks of many-springed Ida,

  184. 184

    having come down from heaven, and held the lightning in his hands.

  185. 185

    and urged golden-winged Iris to carry his message:

  186. 186

    "Go now, swift Iris, and tell this message to Hector:

  187. 187

    as long as he sees Agamemnon, shepherd of the people,

  188. 188

    raging among the front ranks and slaying ranks of men,

  189. 189

    so long let him withdraw, but command the rest of the host

  190. 190

    to fight their foes throughout the mighty combat.

  191. 191

    But when, struck by a spear or hit by an arrow,

  192. 192

    he leaps into his chariot, then I shall grant Hector strength

  193. 193

    to kill until he reaches the well-benched ships

  194. 194

    and the sun goes down and sacred darkness comes on."

  195. 195

    So he spoke, and wind-footed swift Iris did not disobey,

  196. 196

    but went down from the mountains of Ida to sacred Ilion.

  197. 197

    She found the son of wise Priam, godlike Hector,

  198. 198

    standing among his horses and well-jointed chariots;

  199. 199

    Standing close by, swift-footed Iris spoke to him:

  200. 200

    "Hector, son of Priam, the equal of Zeus in counsel,

  201. 201

    father Zeus sent me to tell you this:

  202. 202

    as long as you see Agamemnon, shepherd of the people,

  203. 203

    raging among the front ranks and slaying ranks of men,

  204. 204

    so long give ground from battle, but command the rest of the host

  205. 205

    to fight their foes throughout the mighty combat.

  206. 206

    But when, struck by a spear or hit by an arrow,

  207. 207

    he leaps into his chariot, then Zeus will grant you strength

  208. 208

    to kill until you reach the well-benched ships

  209. 209

    and the sun goes down and sacred darkness comes on."

  210. 210

    So speaking, swift-footed Iris departed,

  211. 211

    and Hector leapt from his chariot to the ground in his armor,

  212. 212

    and, brandishing his sharp spears, went everywhere through the army,

  213. 213

    urging them to fight, and stirred the dreadful din of battle.

  214. 214

    They wheeled about and stood facing the Achaeans;

  215. 215

    and the Argives on the other side strengthened their battalions.

  216. 216

    Battle was arrayed, and they stood opposed; among them Agamemnon

  217. 217

    sprang first, for he wished to fight far ahead of all.

  218. 218

    Tell me now, Muses, who hold your homes on Olympus —

  219. 219

    who first came against Agamemnon,

  220. 220

    whether one of the Trojans themselves or of their famous allies.

  221. 221

    It was Iphidamas, son of Antenor, both noble and tall,

  222. 222

    who was raised in Thrace of the rich soil, mother of flocks.

  223. 223

    Cisseus raised him in his halls when he was little,

  224. 224

    his mother's father, who begot fair-cheeked Theano;

  225. 225

    but when he reached the full measure of glorious youth,

  226. 226

    he kept him there and gave him his own daughter,

  227. 227

    yet once married he left the bridal chamber and came after the Achaeans' fame

  228. 228

    with twelve curved ships that followed him.

  229. 229

    Those balanced ships he then left at Percote,

  230. 230

    while he himself had come on foot to Ilion;

  231. 231

    and he it was who then came against Atreus' son Agamemnon.

  232. 232

    Now when they had come near, advancing on one another,

  233. 233

    the son of Atreus missed, and his spear turned aside from him,

  234. 234

    but Iphidamas stabbed him at the belt below the corselet,

  235. 235

    and leaned his weight upon it, trusting in his heavy hand;

  236. 236

    yet he did not pierce the gleaming belt, but long before that,

  237. 237

    meeting silver, the point was turned aside like lead.

  238. 238

    Then the wide-ruling lord Agamemnon seized the spear in his hand

  239. 239

    and pulled it toward himself, raging like a lion, and from Iphidamas' hand

  240. 240

    wrenched it; then struck his neck with the sword and loosed his limbs.

  241. 241

    So he fell there and slept a bronze sleep,

  242. 242

    pitiful, far from his wedded wife, while aiding his countrymen,

  243. 243

    his lawful bride, whose joy he never knew, though he gave much for her:

  244. 244

    first he gave a hundred cattle, then promised a thousand

  245. 245

    goats and sheep together, which were pastured for him beyond count.

  246. 246

    Then Atreus' son Agamemnon stripped him

  247. 247

    and went through the Achaean throng carrying his fine armor.

  248. 248

    But when Coon, distinguished among men, saw him,

  249. 249

    the elder son of Antenor, mighty grief

  250. 250

    covered his eyes at the sight of his fallen brother.

  251. 251

    He stood to one side with his spear, unseen by godlike Agamemnon,

  252. 252

    and stabbed him through the middle of the arm, below the elbow;

  253. 253

    and the point of the shining spear passed clean through.

  254. 254

    Then Agamemnon, lord of men, shuddered;

  255. 255

    but not even then did he cease from battle and war,

  256. 256

    but rushed upon Coon with his wind-nurtured spear.

  257. 257

    Coon was dragging Iphidamas, his brother by the same father,

  258. 258

    eagerly by the foot, and calling to all the champions;

  259. 259

    and as he dragged him through the throng beneath his bossed shield, Agamemnon struck

  260. 260

    with his bronze-shod spear, and loosed his limbs.

  261. 261

    Then, standing over Iphidamas, he cut off Coon's head.

  262. 262

    There the sons of Antenor, beneath the son of Atreus, the king,

  263. 263

    fulfilled their fate and went down into the house of Hades.

  264. 264

    But he ranged through the ranks of the other men

  265. 265

    with spear and sword and great stones,

  266. 266

    as long as the blood still welled warm from his wound.

  267. 267

    But when the wound dried and the blood ceased,

  268. 268

    sharp pains entered the might of Atreus' son.

  269. 269

    As when a sharp, piercing shaft grips a woman in labor,

  270. 270

    such as the Eileithyiae, bringers of travail, send,

  271. 271

    Hera's daughters who hold the bitter pangs,

  272. 272

    so sharp pains entered the might of Atreus' son.

  273. 273

    He sprang into his chariot and ordered his charioteer

  274. 274

    to drive toward the hollow ships, for his heart was heavy.

  275. 275

    There he cried in a piercing voice to the Danaans:

  276. 276

    Friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,

  277. 277

    you now must defend the seafaring ships

  278. 278

    from the grievous battle-din, since Zeus the counselor has not

  279. 279

    allowed me to fight the Trojans for the whole day.

  280. 280

    So he spoke, and the charioteer lashed the lovely-maned horses

  281. 281

    toward the hollow ships, and the pair flew onward willingly;

  282. 282

    their chests foamed, and beneath they were spattered with dust

  283. 283

    as they bore the stricken king away from the battle.

  284. 284

    When Hector saw Agamemnon going apart from battle,

  285. 285

    he called to the Trojans and Lycians with a long shout:

  286. 286

    "Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians, close fighters,

  287. 287

    be men, my friends, and remember your furious valor.

  288. 288

    The best man is gone, and Zeus, son of Cronos, has granted me

  289. 289

    great glory. Drive your single-hoofed horses straight

  290. 290

    against the mighty Danaans, so that you may win the greater glory."

  291. 291

    So he spoke and stirred the strength and spirit of every man.

  292. 292

    As when some hunter sets his white-toothed dogs

  293. 293

    upon a wild boar or a lion of the fields,

  294. 294

    so Hector set the high-hearted Trojans upon the Achaeans,

  295. 295

    Hector, son of Priam, equal to Ares, bane of mortals.

  296. 296

    He himself strode among the foremost, high-hearted,

  297. 297

    and fell upon the combat like a storm wind rushing from above,

  298. 298

    which plunges down and stirs the violet-dark sea.

  299. 299

    Whom first, and whom last, did he strip and kill —

  300. 300

    Hector, son of Priam, when Zeus granted him glory?

  301. 301

    First Asaeus, and Autonous, and Opites,

  302. 302

    and Dolops, son of Clytius, and Opheltius, and Agelaus,

  303. 303

    Aesymnus and Orus and Hipponous, steadfast in battle.

  304. 304

    Those leaders of the Danaans he killed, and then the multitude,

  305. 305

    as when Zephyrus batters the clouds

  306. 306

    of the clearing South Wind, striking them with a deep gale;

  307. 307

    the swollen wave rolls high, and foam above it

  308. 308

    scatters beneath the blast of the far-wandering wind —

  309. 309

    so the close-packed heads of the host were beaten down beneath Hector.

  310. 310

    Then ruin would have come, and deeds beyond all remedy,

  311. 311

    and the Achaeans, fleeing, would have fallen among their ships,

  312. 312

    had Odysseus not called to Diomedes, son of Tydeus:

  313. 313

    "Son of Tydeus, what has come upon us both, that we forget our furious valor?

  314. 314

    Come here, friend, and stand beside me; for it will be shame

  315. 315

    if Hector of the flashing helm takes the ships."

  316. 316

    Then mighty Diomedes answered him and said:

  317. 317

    "I will indeed stand and endure; but only brief

  318. 318

    will be our joy, since Zeus the cloud-gatherer

  319. 319

    now wishes to give might to the Trojans rather than to us."

  320. 320

    He spoke, and thrust Thymbraeus from his chariot to the ground,

  321. 321

    striking him with his spear beneath the left nipple; while Odysseus struck down

  322. 322

    Molion, the godlike attendant of that lord.

  323. 323

    Then they left the two, once they had stopped them from war;

  324. 324

    and the pair ranged through the throng in havoc, as when two boars

  325. 325

    fall among hunting dogs, proud in heart;

  326. 326

    so they wheeled and destroyed the Trojans; and the Achaeans,

  327. 327

    gladly fleeing godlike Hector, caught their breath again.

  328. 328

    There they took a chariot and two men, the best of the people —

  329. 329

    two sons of Merops of Percote, who beyond all men

  330. 330

    knew the arts of prophecy, and would not let his own sons

  331. 331

    go into man-destroying war; but the two of them would not

  332. 332

    obey him, for the fates of black death led them on.

  333. 333

    Diomedes, son of Tydeus, famed with the spear,

  334. 334

    robbed them of spirit and life, and stripped their splendid armor;

  335. 335

    and Odysseus stripped and killed Hippodamus and Hypeirochus.

  336. 336

    Then the son of Cronos stretched the battle level between them,

  337. 337

    looking down from Ida; and they kept killing one another.

  338. 338

    Then the son of Tydeus wounded Agastrophus with his spear,

  339. 339

    the hero son of Paeon, at the hip; but his horses were not

  340. 340

    near for his escape, for he had been deeply blinded in heart.

  341. 341

    His attendant held them far off, while he on foot

  342. 342

    charged through the front ranks until he lost his dear life.

  343. 343

    Hector saw them quickly through the ranks and rushed upon them,

  344. 344

    shouting aloud; and the strong battalions of Trojans followed with him.

  345. 345

    Seeing him, Diomedes, good at the war-cry, shuddered,

  346. 346

    and at once he spoke to Odysseus standing near:

  347. 347

    "Upon us now this ruin rolls — mighty Hector.

  348. 348

    Come, let us stand and defend ourselves, holding our ground."

  349. 349

    So he spoke, and poising it, hurled his long-shadowed spear,

  350. 350

    and struck; nor did he miss as he aimed at Hector's head,

  351. 351

    but hit the helmet's crown; bronze glanced away from bronze

  352. 352

    and did not reach his fair skin, for the helmet checked it —

  353. 353

    three-ply and hollow-eyed, which Phoebus Apollo had given him.

  354. 354

    Hector ran far back at once and merged with the throng;

  355. 355

    he fell to his knees and braced his thick hand

  356. 356

    against the earth, and dark night covered his eyes.

  357. 357

    While the son of Tydeus went after the flight of his spear

  358. 358

    far through the front ranks, where it had sunk into the earth,

  359. 359

    Hector meanwhile regained his breath, sprang back into his chariot,

  360. 360

    and drove into the multitude, escaping black death.

  361. 361

    Rushing at him with his spear, mighty Diomedes spoke:

  362. 362

    "Again now you have escaped death, dog, though evil came

  363. 363

    close to you. Now once more Phoebus Apollo has saved you,

  364. 364

    to whom you must pray whenever you enter the din of spears.

  365. 365

    Surely I shall finish you later, when I meet you again,

  366. 366

    if some god also stands as helper beside me.

  367. 367

    For now I shall fall upon the others, whoever I meet."

  368. 368

    He spoke, and stripped the son of Paeon, famed with the spear.

  369. 369

    But Paris, husband of lovely-haired Helen,

  370. 370

    drew his bow against the son of Tydeus, shepherd of the people,

  371. 371

    leaning against a man-made pillar upon the burial mound

  372. 372

    of Ilus, son of Dardanus, an elder of long ago.

  373. 373

    Diomedes was stripping the corselet from mighty Agastrophus'

  374. 374

    chest, the gleaming shield from his shoulders,

  375. 375

    and the heavy helmet; but Paris drew back the bow's stave

  376. 376

    and shot. The shaft did not fly vainly from his hand,

  377. 377

    but struck the sole of his right foot; straight through went the arrow

  378. 378

    and fixed itself in the earth. Then Paris laughed very sweetly,

  379. 379

    sprang up from his ambush, and spoke a word in triumph:

  380. 380

    "You are hit, and my shaft did not fly in vain. Would that I had

  381. 381

    struck you in the lowest belly and torn the life from you.

  382. 382

    Then the Trojans too would have breathed again from misery,

  383. 383

    for they shudder at you as bleating goats shudder at a lion."

  384. 384

    But mighty Diomedes answered him without fear:

  385. 385

    "Archer, mocker, proud of your bow, girl-ogler —

  386. 386

    if you were tested face-to-face with your armor,

  387. 387

    your bow and crowded arrows would not protect you.

  388. 388

    Now you have only grazed the sole of my foot, and you boast in vain.

  389. 389

    I care no more than if a woman struck me, or a witless child,

  390. 390

    for dull is the shaft of a cowardly, worthless man.

  391. 391

    But a shaft from me is otherwise: even if it merely grazes,

  392. 392

    it is sharp, and swiftly makes a man lifeless.

  393. 393

    His wife's cheeks are torn on both sides,

  394. 394

    and his children are orphans; staining the earth red with blood,

  395. 395

    he rots, and the birds around him are more numerous than the women."

  396. 396

    So he spoke, and Odysseus, famed with the spear, came near

  397. 397

    and stood before him; behind, Diomedes sat and drew the swift shaft

  398. 398

    from his foot, and grievous pain passed through his flesh.

  399. 399

    He sprang into his chariot and ordered his charioteer

  400. 400

    to drive toward the hollow ships, for his heart was heavy.

  401. 401

    Odysseus, famed with the spear, was left alone, and no one

  402. 402

    of the Argives remained beside him, since panic seized them all;

  403. 403

    then in anguish he spoke to his own great-hearted spirit:

  404. 404

    "Ah me, what shall I do? It is a great evil if I flee

  405. 405

    in fear of the multitude; yet worse if I am taken

  406. 406

    alone. The son of Cronos has routed the other Danaans.

  407. 407

    But why has my dear spirit debated this with me?

  408. 408

    For I know that cowards withdraw from war,

  409. 409

    but whoever wins excellence in battle must

  410. 410

    stand firm, whether he is struck or strikes another."

  411. 411

    While he pondered these things in mind and spirit,

  412. 412

    the ranks of shield-bearing Trojans came on

  413. 413

    and penned him in among them, bringing ruin on themselves.

  414. 414

    As when dogs and lusty young men rush around a boar,

  415. 415

    and he comes out from a deep thicket,

  416. 416

    whetting his white tusk between his curving jaws,

  417. 417

    and they dart around him, while beneath them the tusks clash

  418. 418

    and ring; yet they stand fast at once, terrible though he is —

  419. 419

    so then the Trojans rushed around Odysseus, dear to Zeus.

  420. 420

    First he wounded blameless Deiopites,

  421. 421

    leaping upon him and stabbing his shoulder from above with his sharp spear;

  422. 422

    then after him he slew Thoon and Ennomus.

  423. 423

    Then Chersidamas, as he sprang down from his chariot,

  424. 424

    he stabbed with his spear in the lower belly beneath the bossed shield;

  425. 425

    he fell in the dust and clutched the earth in his palm.

  426. 426

    He left those men, then wounded Charops, son of Hippasus, with his spear,

  427. 427

    the own brother of wealthy Socus.

  428. 428

    To defend him came Socus, a godlike hero;

  429. 429

    he came and stood very near, and spoke a word to him:

  430. 430

    "Odysseus, much-praised, insatiate in guile and toil,

  431. 431

    today either you will boast over the two sons of Hippasus,

  432. 432

    after killing two such men as us and stripping our armor,

  433. 433

    or, struck beneath my spear, you will lose your life."

  434. 434

    So speaking, he struck the shield, round on every side.

  435. 435

    Through the shining shield went the mighty spear,

  436. 436

    and through the corselet, richly worked, it drove on,

  437. 437

    and tore all the flesh away from his ribs; nor did

  438. 438

    Pallas Athena allow it to mingle with the man's entrails.

  439. 439

    Odysseus knew that no fatal end had reached him,

  440. 440

    and, drawing back, he spoke a word to Socus:

  441. 441

    "Ah, wretch, sheer destruction is surely overtaking you.

  442. 442

    You have indeed stopped me from fighting among the Trojans;

  443. 443

    But for you I declare that slaughter and black doom

  444. 444

    will be here this day; struck down beneath my spear,

  445. 445

    you will give glory to me, and your life to Hades of the famous horses."

  446. 446

    He spoke, and Socus turned again and fled,

  447. 447

    As he turned, Odysseus planted the spear into his back

  448. 448

    between the shoulders, and drove it through his chest;

  449. 449

    he fell with a thud, and godlike Odysseus vaunted over him:

  450. 450

    "Socus, son of Hippasus the war-skilled tamer of horses,

  451. 451

    death's end was first to overtake you, and you did not escape it.

  452. 452

    Wretch, your father and queenly mother will not

  453. 453

    close your eyes, though you are dead, but birds

  454. 454

    that eat raw flesh will tear you, wrapping thick wings around you.

  455. 455

    But if I die, the godlike Achaeans will bury me."

  456. 456

    So speaking, he drew warlike Socus' mighty spear

  457. 457

    out of his flesh and out of the bossed shield;

  458. 458

    blood spurted up as it was drawn, and troubled his spirit.

  459. 459

    When the great-hearted Trojans saw Odysseus' blood,

  460. 460

    calling through the throng, they all advanced upon him.

  461. 461

    But he gave ground backward and called to his companions.

  462. 462

    Three times he shouted as loud as a man's head could hold,

  463. 463

    and three times Menelaus, dear to Ares, heard his cry.

  464. 464

    At once he called to Ajax, who was near:

  465. 465

    "Ajax, sprung from Zeus, son of Telamon, marshal of men,

  466. 466

    the cry of stout-hearted Odysseus has reached me,

  467. 467

    as if the Trojans were overpowering him there alone,

  468. 468

    cutting him off in the furious battle.

  469. 469

    But let us go through the throng; it is better to defend him.

  470. 470

    I fear he may suffer harm among the Trojans, left alone,

  471. 471

    noble as he is, and great longing come upon the Danaans."

  472. 472

    So speaking, Menelaus led, and the godlike hero followed with him.

  473. 473

    Then they found Odysseus, dear to Zeus; around him

  474. 474

    the Trojans pressed like blood-red jackals in the mountains

  475. 475

    around a horned stag that has been wounded, one a man struck

  476. 476

    with an arrow from the string; the stag escaped him on foot

  477. 477

    as it fled, while its blood was warm and its knees still moved;

  478. 478

    but when the swift arrow overpowers it,

  479. 479

    raw-flesh-eating jackals devour it in the mountains

  480. 480

    in a shady woodland; then a god brings a lion against them,

  481. 481

    a ravager; the jackals scatter, but the lion devours the stag.

  482. 482

    So then around Odysseus, skilled in war and intricate in counsel,

  483. 483

    many brave Trojans pressed, but the hero

  484. 484

    darting with his spear, held off the pitiless day.

  485. 485

    Ajax came near, bearing a shield like a tower,

  486. 486

    and stood beside him; the Trojans scattered, each a different way.

  487. 487

    Then Menelaus, dear to Ares, led Odysseus out of the throng

  488. 488

    holding him by the hand, while an attendant drove the horses near.

  489. 489

    Ajax leapt upon the Trojans and slew Doryclus,

  490. 490

    Priam's bastard son; then he wounded Pandocus,

  491. 491

    and wounded Lysander, Pyrasus, and Pylartes.

  492. 492

    As when a river in flood comes down toward the plain,

  493. 493

    a mountain torrent from the hills, fed by the rain of Zeus,

  494. 494

    and sweeps along many dry oaks and many pines,

  495. 495

    and casts a great mass of driftwood into the sea,

  496. 496

    so glorious Ajax drove them in rout across the plain,

  497. 497

    slaughtering horses and men. Hector had not yet

  498. 498

    learned of it, for he fought on the far left of the whole battle,

  499. 499

    beside the banks of the river Scamander, where most of all

  500. 500

    the heads of men were falling and an unceasing cry had risen

  501. 501

    around great Nestor and warlike Idomeneus.

  502. 502

    Hector moved among them, working terrible deeds

  503. 503

    with spear and horsemanship, and ravaged the ranks of young men.

  504. 504

    Nor would the godlike Achaeans yet have yielded from their path

  505. 505

    if Paris, husband of lovely-haired Helen,

  506. 506

    had not checked Machaon, shepherd of the people, in his triumph,

  507. 507

    striking his right shoulder with a triple-barbed arrow.

  508. 508

    Then the Achaeans, breathing fury, feared greatly for him,

  509. 509

    lest somehow, as the battle turned, the Trojans seize him.

  510. 510

    At once Idomeneus called to godlike Nestor:

  511. 511

    "Nestor, son of Neleus, great glory of the Achaeans,

  512. 512

    come, mount your chariot, and let Machaon beside you

  513. 513

    mount too; drive the single-hoofed horses swiftly to the ships.

  514. 514

    For one healer is worth many other men

  515. 515

    for cutting out arrows and sprinkling on soothing medicines."

  516. 516

    So he spoke, and Nestor, the Gerenian horseman, did not disobey.

  517. 517

    At once he mounted his own chariot, and beside him Machaon

  518. 518

    mounted, son of Asclepius, the blameless healer.

  519. 519

    he lashed them, and the pair flew onward willingly

  520. 520

    toward the hollow ships, for that way pleased their hearts.

  521. 521

    Then Cebriones saw the Trojans being driven in rout

  522. 522

    as he stood beside Hector, and he spoke to him:

  523. 523

    "Hector, we two are fighting the Danaans here

  524. 524

    at the edge of the harsh-sounding war; but all the other

  525. 525

    Trojans are driven pell-mell, horses and men alike.

  526. 526

    Ajax, son of Telamon, is routing them; I know him well,

  527. 527

    for the shield spread broad about his shoulders. But let us too

  528. 528

    steer the horses and chariot there, where most of all

  529. 529

    chariot-fighters and footmen have set bitter strife before them

  530. 530

    and kill one another, and an unceasing cry has risen."

  531. 531

    So speaking, he lashed the lovely-maned horses

  532. 532

    with the shrill whip; and when they felt the blow,

  533. 533

    they swiftly bore the racing chariot among Trojans and Achaeans,

  534. 534

    trampling corpses and shields; and with blood the axle

  535. 535

    beneath was wholly spattered, and the rails around the chariot,

  536. 536

    struck by droplets flung from the horses' hooves

  537. 537

    and from the wheel rims. Hector yearned to plunge into the throng

  538. 538

    of men and break it open with his charge; and he cast savage turmoil

  539. 539

    among the Danaans, and gave his spear little rest.

  540. 540

    But he ranged through the ranks of the other men

  541. 541

    with spear and sword and great stones,

  542. 542

    but he avoided battle with Ajax, son of Telamon.

  543. 544

    Then father Zeus, throned on high, roused Ajax into flight.

  544. 545

    He stood amazed, then slung behind him his sevenfold shield,

  545. 546

    and drew back, glancing toward the host like a wild beast,

  546. 547

    turning again and again, giving ground one knee at a time.

  547. 548

    As dogs and country men drive a tawny lion

  548. 549

    away from the cattle-yard,

  549. 550

    and will not let him seize the cattle's fat,

  550. 551

    keeping watch all night; and craving flesh,

  551. 552

    he charges straight on, but gains nothing, for spears in a mass

  552. 553

    fly against him from bold hands,

  553. 554

    and burning brands, which he fears, eager though he is;

  554. 555

    and at dawn he goes away from them, grieving at heart;

  555. 556

    so Ajax then went from the Trojans, grieved at heart

  556. 557

    and deeply unwilling, for he feared for the ships of the Achaeans.

  557. 558

    And as a sluggish ass, passing beside a field, overpowers the boys,

  558. 559

    slow though he is, and many cudgels are broken around him,

  559. 560

    and enters and crops the deep-standing grain; and the boys

  560. 561

    beat him with cudgels, but their strength is childish,

  561. 562

    and with hard work they drive him out, once he is sated with fodder;

  562. 563

    so then great Ajax, son of Telamon,

  563. 564

    the high-hearted Trojans and allies gathered from many lands

  564. 565

    followed him always, thrusting their spears into the middle of his shield.

  565. 566

    At times Ajax remembered his furious valor

  566. 567

    and turned again to hold back the ranks

  567. 568

    of the horse-taming Trojans; at other times he turned to flee.

  568. 569

    He kept them all from making their way to the swift ships,

  569. 570

    while he himself charged midway between Trojans and Achaeans,

  570. 571

    standing his ground; and the spears from bold hands,

  571. 572

    some lodged in his great shield as they sped onward,

  572. 573

    while many fell midway, before they could touch his white flesh,

  573. 574

    and stood in the earth, longing to glut themselves on flesh.

  574. 575

    But when Eurypylus, the glorious son of Euaemon, saw Ajax

  575. 576

    overborne by the thick rain of missiles,

  576. 577

    he came and stood beside him, and cast his shining spear,

  577. 578

    and struck Apisaon, son of Phausius, shepherd of the people,

  578. 579

    in the liver below the midriff, and at once loosed his knees.

  579. 580

    Eurypylus sprang upon him and stripped the armor from his shoulders.

  580. 581

    But when godlike Paris marked him

  581. 582

    stripping the armor from Apisaon, at once he drew his bow

  582. 583

    at Eurypylus, and struck him in the right thigh with an arrow;

  583. 584

    the reed shaft broke, and the arrow weighed down his thigh.

  584. 585

    and he shrank back into the throng of his comrades, avoiding death.

  585. 586

    There he cried in a piercing voice to the Danaans:

  586. 587

    Friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,

  587. 588

    turn and stand, and ward the pitiless day from

  588. 589

    Ajax, who is overborne by missiles; I do not think that he

  589. 590

    will escape from the harsh-sounding war. Stand squarely

  590. 591

    around great Ajax, son of Telamon."

  591. 592

    So wounded Eurypylus spoke; and they beside him

  592. 593

    stood close, leaning their shields upon their shoulders

  593. 594

    and lifting their spears; and Ajax came to meet them.

  594. 595

    He stood and turned about when he reached the host of his comrades.

  595. 596

    So they fought on, like the blaze of burning fire.

  596. 597

    The horses of Neleus bore Nestor out of battle,

  597. 598

    sweating, and they carried Machaon, shepherd of the people.

  598. 599

    Swift-footed godlike Achilles saw the wounded man and marked him;

  599. 600

    for he stood upon the stern of his huge ship,

  600. 601

    watching the battle's harsh toil and tearful rout.

  601. 602

    At once he called to his own companion Patroclus,

  602. 603

    shouting from beside the ship; and hearing him from the hut,

  603. 604

    Patroclus came forth like Ares; and this was the beginning of evil for him.

  604. 605

    The valiant son of Menoetius spoke to him first:

  605. 606

    "Why do you call me, Achilles? What need have you of me?"

  606. 607

    Then swift-footed Achilles answered him and said:

  607. 608

    "Godlike son of Menoetius, dearest to my heart,

  608. 609

    now I think the Achaeans will stand about my knees

  609. 610

    begging me, for need has come that can no longer be borne.

  610. 611

    But go now, Patroclus, dear to Zeus, and ask Nestor

  611. 612

    what man this is he brings wounded from battle;

  612. 613

    surely, seen from behind, he is like Machaon in every way,

  613. 614

    the son of Asclepius; yet I did not see the man's eyes,

  614. 615

    for the horses swept past me, straining forward."

  615. 616

    So he spoke, and Patroclus obeyed his dear companion,

  616. 617

    and set off running past the huts and ships of the Achaeans.

  617. 618

    When they came to the hut of the son of Neleus,

  618. 619

    the two themselves stepped down upon the all-nurturing earth,

  619. 620

    and Eurymedon, the old man's attendant, loosed the horses

  620. 621

    from the chariot; the two let the sweat dry from their tunics,

  621. 622

    standing toward the breeze beside the shore of the sea; then

  622. 623

    they entered the hut and sat down upon chairs.

  623. 624

    For them well-tressed Hecamede prepared a kykeon,

  624. 625

    whom the old man had chosen from Tenedos when Achilles sacked it,

  625. 626

    the daughter of great-hearted Arsinous, whom the Achaeans

  626. 627

    had picked out for him because he surpassed them all in counsel.

  627. 628

    First she drew up before the two of them a table,

  628. 629

    beautiful, blue-footed, and well-polished; then upon it

  629. 630

    a bronze basket, and an onion as relish for the drink,

  630. 631

    and pale honey, and beside it a heap of sacred barley meal,

  631. 632

    and nearby a very beautiful cup, which the old man had brought from home,

  632. 633

    studded with golden nails; its handles

  633. 634

    were four, and around each two golden doves

  634. 635

    fed, while beneath it were two bases.

  635. 636

    Any other man would strain to move it from the table

  636. 637

    when it was full, but old Nestor lifted it without effort.

  637. 638

    In it the woman like the goddesses mixed for them

  638. 639

    Pramnian wine, and grated goat's cheese over it

  639. 640

    with a bronze grater, and sprinkled white barley meal upon it;

  640. 641

    then she bade them drink, once she had prepared the kykeon.

  641. 642

    When the two had drunk and sent away their parching thirst,

  642. 643

    they delighted in words, speaking to one another,

  643. 644

    but Patroclus, a godlike man, stood in the doorway.

  644. 645

    Seeing him, the old man rose from his shining chair,

  645. 646

    and took him by the hand, led him in, and bade him sit down.

  646. 647

    But Patroclus in turn refused and spoke:

  647. 648

    "There is no sitting, Zeus-nurtured elder; you will not persuade me.

  648. 649

    One to revere and fear is he who sent me to learn

  649. 650

    what man this is you bring wounded; but I myself

  650. 651

    know him now, and I see Machaon, shepherd of the people.

  651. 652

    Now I shall go back as messenger to bring word to Achilles.

  652. 653

    You know well, Zeus-nurtured elder, what he is like,

  653. 654

    a terrible man; soon he might blame even one who is blameless."

  654. 655

    Then Nestor, the Gerenian horseman, answered him:

  655. 656

    Why then does Achilles lament the sons of the Achaeans so much,

  656. 657

    all who have now been struck by missiles? He knows nothing

  657. 658

    of the grief that has risen through the camp; for our best men

  658. 659

    lie in the ships, struck and wounded.

  659. 660

    Mighty Diomedes, son of Tydeus, has been struck,

  660. 661

    and Odysseus, famed with the spear, and Agamemnon have been wounded;

  661. 662

    Eurypylus too has been struck in the thigh by an arrow;

  662. 663

    and this other man I have just brought from the battle,

  663. 664

    struck by an arrow from the bowstring. But Achilles,

  664. 665

    though a noble man, neither cares for the Danaans nor pities them.

  665. 666

    Does he wait until the swift ships beside the sea

  666. 667

    burn beneath consuming fire despite the Argives,

  667. 668

    and we ourselves are slain one after another? For my strength

  668. 669

    is no longer what it once was in my supple limbs.

  669. 670

    Would that I were young again, and my strength stood firm,

  670. 671

    as when strife arose between the Eleans and us

  671. 672

    over a cattle raid, when I killed Itymoneus,

  672. 673

    the noble son of Hypeirochus, who lived in Elis,

  673. 674

    as I drove off the cattle. Defending his own herd,

  674. 675

    he was struck among the foremost by a cast from my hand,

  675. 676

    and fell; and the country folk around him fled in terror.

  676. 677

    From the plain we gathered and drove away an immense mass of spoil:

  677. 678

    fifty herds of cattle, as many flocks of sheep,

  678. 679

    as many droves of pigs, as many broad herds of goats,

  679. 680

    and a hundred and fifty chestnut horses,

  680. 681

    all mares, with many foals beneath them.

  681. 682

    All these we drove inside Neleian Pylos

  682. 683

    by night, toward the town; and Neleus rejoiced in heart

  683. 684

    because so much had fallen to me when I went young into war.

  684. 685

    At the showing of dawn the heralds cried aloud

  685. 686

    that those to whom a debt was owed in holy Elis should come.

  686. 687

    The men who were leaders of the Pylians gathered

  687. 688

    and made the division, for the Epeians owed debts to many,

  688. 689

    since we were few in Pylos and had suffered harm.

  689. 690

    For the might of Heracles had come in former years

  690. 691

    and ravaged us, and all our best men had been killed.

  691. 692

    For we were twelve sons of blameless Neleus;

  692. 693

    I alone was left, and all the others perished.

  693. 694

    Proud of this, the bronze-clad Epeians

  694. 695

    treated us with outrage and plotted reckless deeds.

  695. 696

    From the spoil the old man chose a herd of cattle and a great flock of sheep,

  696. 697

    three hundred head when counted, and their herdsmen too.

  697. 698

    For a great debt was owed to him in holy Elis as well:

  698. 699

    four prize-winning horses with their own chariots

  699. 700

    had gone to the games, for they were to run

  700. 701

    for a tripod; but Augeas, lord of men, held them there

  701. 702

    and sent away the driver, grieving for the horses.

  702. 703

    Angered by those words and deeds, the old man

  703. 704

    took an immense return; but the rest he gave to the people

  704. 705

    to divide, so no man might go deprived of his fair share.

  705. 706

    We saw to each of these things, and throughout the town

  706. 707

    offered sacrifice to the gods. But on the third day they all

  707. 708

    came together, many men and single-hoofed horses,

  708. 709

    in full force; and among them the two Moliones armed,

  709. 710

    still boys, not yet well skilled in furious valor.

  710. 711

    There is a city called Thryoessa, a steep hill

  711. 712

    far off beside the Alpheus, at the edge of sandy Pylos.

  712. 713

    They camped around it, eager to tear it down.

  713. 714

    But when they had crossed the whole plain, Athena came to us,

  714. 715

    a messenger speeding from Olympus, bidding us arm,

  715. 716

    by night; and through Pylos she gathered no unwilling host,

  716. 717

    but men fiercely eager to fight. Yet Neleus would not

  717. 718

    let me arm, and he hid my horses from me,

  718. 719

    for he said I knew nothing yet of the works of war.

  719. 720

    Even so, I stood out among our chariot-fighters,

  720. 721

    though I went on foot, for so Athena led the strife.

  721. 722

    There is a river, the Minyeius, flowing into the sea

  722. 723

    near Arene; there we Pylian chariot-fighters waited for shining Dawn,

  723. 724

    while the companies of footmen streamed after us.

  724. 725

    From there, armed in our war gear and all together,

  725. 726

    we reached the sacred stream of the Alpheus at noon.

  726. 727

    There we made fair sacrifices to the exceedingly mighty Zeus,

  727. 728

    a bull to Alpheus and a bull to Poseidon,

  728. 729

    and a heifer from the herd to bright-eyed Athena.

  729. 730

    Then we took supper throughout the host by companies,

  730. 731

    and each man lay down in his own armor

  731. 732

    beside the river's streams. But the great-hearted Epeians

  732. 733

    stood round the town, eager now to tear it down;

  733. 734

    but before them a great work of Ares appeared.

  734. 735

    For when the blazing sun rose above the earth,

  735. 736

    we met in battle, praying to Zeus and Athena.

  736. 737

    But when the strife of Pylians and Epeians began,

  737. 738

    I was first to take a man, and I carried off his single-hoofed horses:

  738. 739

    Mulius the spearman, who was Augeas' son-in-law,

  739. 740

    for he had his eldest daughter, golden-haired Agamede,

  740. 741

    who knew all the healing drugs the broad earth nourishes.

  741. 742

    As he came on, I struck him with my bronze-shod spear,

  742. 743

    and he fell in the dust; then I sprang into his chariot

  743. 744

    and took my stand among the foremost. The great-hearted Epeians

  744. 745

    fled, one man one way, one another, when they saw their man fallen,

  745. 746

    the leader of the horsemen, who had excelled in battle.

  746. 747

    But I swept upon them like a black whirlwind,

  747. 748

    and took fifty chariots; beside each one, two

  748. 749

    men bit the ground, broken beneath my spear.

  749. 750

    And then I would have destroyed the two Actoriones, the Moliones,

  750. 751

    had not their father, the wide-ruling shaker of the earth,

  751. 752

    saved the two from battle, wrapping them in thick mist.

  752. 753

    Then Zeus placed great strength in the hands of the Pylians;

  753. 754

    for so long we followed them across the broad plain,

  754. 755

    killing the men themselves and gathering their fine armor,

  755. 756

    until we drove our horses to wheat-rich Buprasium

  756. 757

    and the Olenian Rock, and to the place where the hill of Alesium

  757. 758

    is called; from there Athena turned the host back again.

  758. 759

    There I killed the last man and left him; but the Achaeans

  759. 760

    drove their swift horses back from Buprasium toward Pylos,

  760. 761

    and all gave glory among the gods to Zeus, among men to Nestor.

  761. 762

    Such was I among men, if ever I was. But Achilles

  762. 763

    alone will reap the profit of his valor; yet I think

  763. 764

    he will weep bitterly afterward, when the army has perished.

  764. 765

    My friend, this is what Menoetius charged you,

  765. 766

    on the day when he sent you from Phthia to Agamemnon:

  766. 767

    we two, godlike Odysseus and I, were inside

  767. 768

    and heard clearly in the halls all that he charged you.

  768. 769

    We had come to the well-inhabited house of Peleus,

  769. 770

    gathering the army through all rich-pastured Achaea.

  770. 771

    There inside we found the hero Menoetius,

  771. 772

    and you, with Achilles beside you; and old Peleus the horseman

  772. 773

    was burning the fat thigh-pieces of an ox to Zeus who delights in thunder,

  773. 774

    in the court's enclosure; and he held a golden cup,

  774. 775

    pouring gleaming wine over the burning offerings.

  775. 776

    You two were busy with the ox's meat; then we two

  776. 777

    stood in the entryway. Startled, Achilles sprang up,

  777. 778

    and took him by the hand, led him in, and bade him sit down.

  778. 779

    He set guest-fare well before us, as is right for guests.

  779. 780

    But when we had taken our fill of food and drink,

  780. 781

    I opened the speech, urging you both to follow us;

  781. 782

    and you two were very willing, while both fathers gave many charges.

  782. 783

    Old Peleus charged his own son Achilles

  783. 784

    always to be best and rise above all others,

  784. 785

    but Menoetius, son of Actor, charged you in turn like this:

  785. 786

    "My child, Achilles is higher than you in birth,

  786. 787

    but you are older; in strength he is far better.

  787. 788

    But speak a shrewd word to him, counsel him well,

  788. 789

    and show him the way; he will obey you, to his own good."

  789. 790

    So the old man charged you, but you forget. Yet even now

  790. 791

    you might tell these things to Achilles, skilled in war, in case he listens.

  791. 792

    Who knows whether, with a god's aid, you might stir his spirit

  792. 793

    by persuasion? A companion's urging is a good thing.

  793. 794

    But if in his heart he is avoiding some prophecy,

  794. 795

    and his queenly mother has revealed something to him from Zeus,

  795. 796

    then let him send at least you, and let the rest of the host

  796. 797

    of Myrmidons follow with you, so you may become a light for the Danaans.

  797. 798

    And let him give you his fine armor to carry into battle,

  798. 799

    so the Trojans, taking you for him, may hold back from war,

  799. 800

    and the warlike sons of the Achaeans may breathe again

  800. 801

    in their exhaustion; brief indeed is any breathing-space in war.

  801. 802

    Then easily, fresh as you are, with the battle-cry you could drive tired men

  802. 803

    back toward the city, away from the ships and huts."

  803. 804

    So he spoke, and stirred the spirit within his breast;

  804. 805

    and he set out running beside the ships toward Achilles, son of Aeacus.

  805. 806

    But when, beside the ships of godlike Odysseus,

  806. 807

    Patroclus reached at a run the place where they held assembly and judgment,

  807. 808

    and there too altars to the gods had been built for them,

  808. 809

    there wounded Eurypylus met him,

  809. 810

    the Zeus-sprung son of Euaemon, struck in the thigh by an arrow,

  810. 811

    limping from the battle; drenching sweat ran down

  811. 812

    from his shoulders and head, and from the grievous wound

  812. 813

    black blood gurgled; but his mind stood firm.

  813. 814

    Seeing him, the valiant son of Menoetius pitied him,

  814. 815

    and lamenting, he addressed him with winged words:

  815. 816

    "Ah, wretched leaders and rulers of the Danaans,

  816. 817

    so you were doomed, far from friends and native land,

  817. 818

    in Troy to sate swift dogs with your white fat.

  818. 819

    But come, tell me this, Zeus-nurtured hero Eurypylus:

  819. 820

    will the Achaeans still somehow hold back huge Hector,

  820. 821

    or will they now perish, broken beneath his spear?"

  821. 822

    Then wounded Eurypylus answered him in turn:

  822. 823

    "No longer, Patroclus, sprung from Zeus, will the Achaeans have any defense,

  823. 824

    but they will fall among the black ships.

  824. 825

    For all those who before were best

  825. 826

    lie in the ships, struck and wounded.

  826. 827

    at the hands of Trojans; and their strength rises ever higher.

  827. 828

    But save me, and lead me to a black ship,

  828. 829

    cut the arrow from my thigh, and from the wound the dark blood

  829. 830

    wash with warm water; then sprinkle soothing medicines upon it,

  830. 831

    good ones, which they say you learned from Achilles,

  831. 832

    whom Chiron taught, most righteous of the Centaurs.

  832. 833

    For the healers Podalirius and Machaon—

  833. 834

    one, I think, lies wounded in the huts,

  834. 835

    himself in need of a blameless healer,

  835. 836

    while the other on the plain withstands the Trojans' sharp war."

  836. 837

    Then the valiant son of Menoetius addressed him in turn:

  837. 838

    "How then shall this be? What shall we do, hero Eurypylus?

  838. 839

    I am going to tell Achilles, skilled in war, the message

  839. 840

    that Nestor charged me with, the Gerenian guard of the Achaeans;

  840. 841

    yet not even so will I abandon you in your suffering."

  841. 842

    He spoke, and grasping the shepherd of the people beneath the chest, led him

  842. 843

    into the hut; an attendant saw and spread oxhides beneath him.

  843. 844

    There he stretched him out and cut from his thigh with a knife

  844. 845

    the sharp, piercing arrow; from the wound the dark blood

  845. 846

    he washed with warm water, then laid a bitter root upon it,

  846. 847

    crushed in his hands, pain-killing, which checked all

  847. 848

    his pains; the wound dried, and the blood ceased.

The particulars

The text
Ἰλιάς, Homer. The Patrocleia.
Translation
Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
Reading aloud
Digital narration in reconstructed pronunciation, shaped to the hexameter.
The app
The same text on your phone, your place kept, the audio offline. Inside the Odyssey app, $4.99.
Words
Every word of the text, by letter.
Data
JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents
Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.