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Russian · Book XI — Ivan

IX. Черт. Кошмар Ивана Федоровича

The Devil. Ivan's Nightmare

438 sentences · 853 notes

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  1. 1

    I am no physician, and yet I feel that the moment has come when it is absolutely necessary for me to explain to the reader at least something of the nature of Ivan Fyodorovich's illness.

    ЯIя · pronoun, nominative, singularsubject of доктор
    неnotне · particlemodifies доктор
    докторa physicianдоктор · noun, nominative, masculine, singularhead of the phrase
    аand yetа · conjunctionlinks the coordination
    междуneverthelessмежду тем · prepositionpreposition marking тем
    темneverthelessмежду тем · pronoun, instrumental, neuter, singularoblique complement of чувствую
    чувствуюI feelчувствовать · verb, present, indicative, active, first, singular, imperfectivecoordinated with доктор
    чтоthatчто · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of пришла
    пришлаhas comeприйти · verb, past, indicative, active, singular, perfectiveclausal complement of чувствую
    минутаthe momentминута · noun, nominative, feminine, singularsubject of пришла
    когдаwhenкогда · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of необходимо
    мнеfor meя · pronoun, dative, singularindirect object of необходимо
    решительноabsolutelyрешительно · adverbmodifies необходимо
    необходимоnecessaryнеобходимый · adjective, short form, neuter, singularpredicate of the clause on минута
    объяснитьto explainобъяснить · verb, active, infinitive, perfectivedepends on необходимо
    хотьat leastхоть · adverbmodifies что-нибудь
    чтоsome-что-нибудь · pronoun, accusativedirect object of объяснить
    нибудь-thingчто-нибудь · pronoun, accusativedirect object of объяснить
    вofв · prepositionpreposition marking свойстве
    свойствеthe natureсвойство · noun, locative, neuter, singularoblique complement of объяснить
    болезниof the illnessболезнь · noun, genitive, feminine, singularmodifies свойстве
    ИванаIvan'sиван · proper noun, genitive, masculine, singularmodifies болезни
    ФедоровичаFyodorovich'sфёдорович · proper noun, genitive, masculine, singulardepends on Ивана
    читателюto the readerчитатель · noun, dative, masculine, singularindirect object of объяснить
  2. 2

    Running ahead of myself, I will say only this: he was now, that evening, precisely on the very eve of brain fever, which had at last taken full possession of an organism long disordered yet stubbornly resisting the disease.

  3. 3

    Knowing nothing of medicine, I will venture the supposition that perhaps, by a fearful straining of his will, he had indeed managed to hold the illness off for a time, dreaming, naturally, of overcoming it altogether.

  4. 4

    He knew he was unwell, but it was with revulsion that he refused to be ill at this time, in these approaching, fateful minutes of his life, when he had to be present, to speak his word boldly and resolutely, and to "justify himself before himself".

  5. 5

    He had, however, gone once to the new doctor newly arrived from Moscow, summoned by Katerina Ivanovna on account of a certain fancy of hers that I have already mentioned above.

  6. 6

    Having listened to him and examined him, the doctor concluded that he was suffering from something like a disorder of the brain, and was not in the least surprised by a certain admission that Ivan made to him, though with revulsion.

  7. 7

    "Hallucinations in your condition are quite possible," the doctor decided, "though they ought to be verified… in general, treatment must be begun in earnest, without losing a minute, or things will go badly." But Ivan Fyodorovich, on leaving him, did not follow the sensible advice and scorned the idea of taking to his bed for a cure: "I can still walk about, I have my strength for now — once I collapse, that's another matter, and then let whoever wants to treat me," he decided, with a wave of his hand.

  8. 8

    And so he sat there now, almost aware himself that he was delirious, and, as I have already said, stared stubbornly at some object on the sofa by the opposite wall.

  9. 9

    There, all at once, someone turned out to be sitting, God knows how he had gotten in, for he had not yet been in the room when Ivan Fyodorovich, on returning from Smerdyakov, had walked into it.

  10. 10

    This was some sort of gentleman or, better to say, a Russian gentleman of a particular type, no longer young, "qui frisait la cinquantaine", as the French say, with not much gray in his dark, fairly long and still thick hair, and in a trimmed, wedge-shaped little beard.

  11. 11

    He was dressed in a kind of brown jacket, evidently from the best of tailors, but already worn, cut roughly three years ago and by now wholly out of fashion, so that for two years already nobody among well-to-do society people had worn such a thing.

  12. 12

    His linen, his long scarf-like cravat — everything was just as it is with all stylish gentlemen, but the linen, if you looked closer, was rather dirty, and the broad scarf badly frayed.

  13. 13

    The guest's checked trousers fit superbly, but were again altogether too light and somehow too narrow, of a sort people had now stopped wearing, as was the soft white felt hat, far too out of season, that the guest had dragged along with him.

  14. 14

    In a word, there was the appearance of respectability sustained on exceedingly slender pocket means.

  15. 15

    It looked as though the gentleman belonged to the category of former idle-handed landowners who had flourished back under serfdom; one who had evidently seen the world and decent society, who had once had connections and had perhaps kept them even to this day, but who, little by little, with impoverishment after a merry youth and the recent abolition of serfdom, had turned into something like a hanger-on of good tone, drifting from one kindly old acquaintance to another, who receive him for his easygoing, accommodating character, and on the further ground that he is, after all, a respectable man whom one may seat at one's table in any company, though, of course, in a modest place.

  16. 16

    Such hangers-on, gentlemen of accommodating character, who can tell a good story, make up a hand at cards, and are decidedly fond of no errands whatever should any be foisted on them, are commonly solitary creatures — either bachelors or widowers, perhaps even with children, but their children are always being brought up somewhere far away, at the homes of some aunt or other, of whom the gentleman almost never speaks in decent society, as though somewhat ashamed of such kinship.

  17. 17

    From his children, too, he gradually grows quite estranged, now and then receiving from them, for his name-day and for Christmas, letters of congratulation, and occasionally even answering them.

  18. 18

    The unexpected guest's countenance was not exactly good-natured, but again accommodating, and ready, as circumstances might require, for any obliging expression.

  19. 19

    He had no watch on him, but he did have a tortoiseshell lorgnette on a black ribbon.

  20. 20

    On the middle finger of his right hand there flaunted a massive gold ring set with an inexpensive opal.

  21. 21

    Ivan Fyodorovich kept a malicious silence and would not begin to speak.

  22. 22

    The guest waited, and sat there exactly like a hanger-on who has just come down from the room assigned to him upstairs to keep his host company at tea, but who keeps a meek silence in view of the fact that the host is occupied and brooding frowningly over something; ready, however, for any obliging conversation, the moment the host should begin it.

  23. 23

    Suddenly his face expressed something like a sudden disquiet.

  24. 24

    — Listen, — he began to Ivan Fyodorovich, — forgive me, I only want to remind you: you did go to Smerdyakov, you know, in order to find out about Katerina Ivanovna, and you came away without learning anything about her, you must have forgotten… — Ah yes!

  25. 25

    — burst suddenly from Ivan, and his face clouded over with care, — yes, I forgot…

  26. 26

    Still, it makes no difference now, it can all wait till tomorrow, — he muttered to himself. — And as for you, — he turned to the guest irritably, — I ought to have remembered that myself just now, for that is the very thing that was tormenting me with anguish!

  27. 27

    Just because you piped up, am I to believe that it was you who prompted me, and not I who remembered it myself?

  28. 28

    — Then don't believe it, — the gentleman smiled affably.

  29. 29

    — What is faith got by force?

  30. 30

    Besides, in matters of faith no proofs are of any help, especially material ones.

  31. 31

    Thomas believed not because he saw the risen Christ, but because even before that he had wished to believe.

  32. 32

    Take the spiritualists, for instance… I am very fond of them… imagine, they suppose they are useful to faith, because devils from the other world show them their little horns.

  33. 33

    "This, you see, is by now, so to speak, a material proof that the other world exists."

  34. 34

    The other world and material proofs, fiddle-de-dee!

  35. 35

    And after all, if the devil is proven, is it yet known whether God is proven?

  36. 36

    I want to enroll in an idealist society, I'll set up an opposition among them: "I'm a realist, you see, and not a materialist, heh-heh!"

  37. 37

    — Listen, — Ivan Fyodorovich suddenly rose from the table.

  38. 38

    — I am now exactly as if in a delirium… and, of course, I am in a delirium… lie all you want, it makes no difference to me!

  39. 39

    You will not work me up into a frenzy, as you did the last time.

  40. 40

    It is only that I am somehow ashamed…

  41. 41

    I want to pace about the room…

  42. 42

    Sometimes I do not see you and do not even hear your voice, as last time, and yet I always guess what you are babbling, because ''it is I, I myself, who am speaking, and not you!'' Only I do not know whether I was asleep last time, or saw you while awake.

  43. 43

    I'll just wet a towel with cold water and press it to my head, and perhaps you will evaporate.

  44. 44

    Ivan Fyodorovich went into the corner, took a towel, did as he had said, and, with the wet towel on his head, began to pace back and forth across the room.

  45. 45

    — I like it that we have gone straight to addressing each other as ''thou,'' — the guest began.

  46. 46

    — Fool, — Ivan laughed, — as if I'm going to address you as ''you,'' am I?

  47. 47

    I'm cheerful now, only there's a pain in my temple… and the crown of my head… only, please, don't philosophize, as you did the last time.

  48. 48

    If you can't clear off, then lie about something cheerful.

  49. 49

    Gossip — you're a hanger-on, after all, so gossip.

  50. 50

    What a nightmare to fasten itself on a man!

  51. 51

    But I am not afraid of you.

  52. 52

    I will get the better of you.

  53. 53

    They won't cart me off to the madhouse!

  54. 54

    — C’est charmant, a hanger-on.

  55. 55

    Yes, I am precisely in my own character.

  56. 56

    What am I on earth, if not a hanger-on?

  57. 57

    By the way, I am listening to you, you know, and marveling a little: by God, you seem to be starting, little by little, to take me for something actually real, and not merely for your own fancy, as you insisted last time…

  58. 58

    — Not for one minute do I take you for real truth, — Ivan cried out, even somehow furiously.

  59. 59

    — You are a lie, you are my illness, you are a phantom.

  60. 60

    Only I do not know how to destroy you, and I see that for some time I shall have to suffer through it.

  61. 61

    You are my hallucination.

  62. 62

    You are the embodiment of myself, though of only one side of me… of my thoughts and feelings, but only the most vile and stupid of them.

  63. 63

    From that angle you might even be of some interest to me, if only I had the time to bother with you…

  64. 64

    — Allow me, allow me, I'll catch you out: just now by the streetlamp, when you flew at Alyosha and shouted at him: "You learned it from ''him''!

  65. 65

    How did you know that ''he'' comes to me?" It was me you were thinking of then, you know.

  66. 66

    So you did believe, then, for one tiny instant, you believed that I really exist, — the gentleman laughed softly.

  67. 67

    — Yes, that was a weakness of nature… but I could not believe in you.

  68. 68

    I do not know whether I was asleep or walking about last time.

  69. 69

    Perhaps I only saw you in a dream then, and not at all while awake…

  70. 70

    — And why were you so harsh with him just now, with Alyosha?

  71. 71

    He is a dear boy; I am to blame before him over the elder Zosima.

  72. 72

    — Silence about Alyosha!

  73. 73

    How dare you, lackey!

  74. 74

    — Ivan laughed again.

  75. 75

    — You curse me, yet you laugh — a good sign.

  76. 76

    You are, by the way, far more amiable with me today than last time, and I understand why: it's that great resolution…

  77. 77

    — Silence about the resolution! — Ivan cried out ferociously.

  78. 78

    — I understand, I understand, c’est noble, c’est charmant, you are going to defend your brother tomorrow and to offer yourself up in sacrifice… c’est chevaleresque.

  79. 79

    — Silence, or I'll give you a kicking!

  80. 80

    — In part I'd be glad of it, for then my aim is attained: if there are kicks, it means you believe in my reality, since one does not give kicks to a phantom.

  81. 81

    Joking aside: it's all the same to me, you know — curse if you like, but it would still be better to be at least a drop more courteous, even with me.

  82. 82

    Fool and lackey — well, what kind of words are those!

  83. 83

    — In cursing you, I curse myself!

  84. 84

    — Ivan laughed again, — you are I, my own self, only with a different mug.

  85. 85

    You say precisely what I am already thinking… and you are incapable of telling me anything new!

  86. 86

    — If I happen to agree with you in my thoughts, that does me nothing but honor, — the gentleman pronounced with delicacy and dignity.

  87. 87

    — Only you take all my nasty thoughts, and above all the stupid ones.

  88. 88

    You are stupid and vulgar.

  89. 89

    You are terribly stupid.

  90. 90

    No, I cannot endure you!

  91. 91

    What am I to do, what am I to do!

  92. 92

    — Ivan ground out. — My friend, I want to be a gentleman all the same, and to be received as such, — the guest began, in a fit of a certain purely hanger-on's ambition, ingratiating and good-natured and already yielding in advance.

  93. 93

    — I am poor, but… I won't say that I am very honest, but… it is commonly accepted in society as an axiom that I am a fallen angel.

  94. 94

    By God, I cannot imagine how I could ever have been an angel.

  95. 95

    If I ever was, it was so long ago that it's no sin to have forgotten it.

  96. 96

    Now I prize only my reputation as a respectable man, and I live as best I can, trying to be agreeable.

  97. 97

    I love people sincerely — oh, I have been slandered in many things!

  98. 98

    Here, when from time to time I cross over to stay among you, my life flows along as though it were something actually real, and that is what I like best of all.

  99. 99

    For I myself, just like you, suffer from the fantastical, and so I love your earthly realism.

  100. 100

    Here with you everything is laid out in clear lines, here there is a formula, here there is geometry, whereas with us it's all some sort of indeterminate equations!

  101. 101

    Here I walk about and dream. I love to dream.

  102. 102

    Moreover, on earth I become superstitious — don't laugh, please: it's precisely this that I like, that I become superstitious.

  103. 103

    Here I take up all your habits: I've grown fond of going to the public baths, can you picture that, and I love to steam myself alongside the merchants and the priests.

  104. 104

    My dream is to become incarnate — but to do it finally and irrevocably, in some fat merchant's wife weighing seven poods, and to believe in everything she believes in.

  105. 105

    My ideal is to walk into a church and set up a candle from a pure heart, by God it is.

  106. 106

    Then there would be a limit to my sufferings.

  107. 107

    And here's another thing I've grown fond of among you — getting medical treatment: in the spring smallpox went around, and I went and had myself inoculated against smallpox at a foundling home — if only you knew how pleased I was that day: I donated ten rubles for the Slavic brothers!..

  108. 108

    But you're not listening.

  109. 109

    You know, you're somehow very much out of sorts today, — the gentleman fell silent a while.

  110. 110

    — I know you went yesterday to that doctor… well, how is your health?

  111. 111

    What did the doctor tell you?

  112. 112

    — Fool!

  113. 113

    — Ivan snapped.

  114. 114

    — And you, by contrast, how clever you are.

  115. 115

    Cursing me again?

  116. 116

    It's not really out of sympathy, you know, but just so.

  117. 117

    Don't answer if you'd rather not.

  118. 118

    Here now the rheumatisms have come on again…

  119. 119

    — Fool, — Ivan repeated once more.

  120. 120

    — You harp on the same thing, while I caught such a rheumatism last year that I remember it to this day.

  121. 121

    "The devil has rheumatism?"

  122. 122

    "Why not, if I sometimes take on flesh?"

  123. 123

    I take on flesh, so I take on the consequences.

  124. 124

    Satan sum et nihil humanum a me alienum puto.

  125. 125

    "What, what? Satan sum et nihil humanum… not bad for a devil!"

  126. 126

    "Glad to have pleased you at last."

  127. 127

    "But you didn't take that one from me," Ivan said, suddenly stopping short, as though struck, "that never once entered my head — it's strange…"

  128. 128

    "C'est du nouveau n'est-ce pas?

  129. 129

    This time I'll play fair and explain it to you.

  130. 130

    Listen: in dreams, and especially in nightmares — say, from some disorder of the stomach or whatever it is — a person sometimes sees such artful dreams, such an intricate and lifelike reality, such happenings, even a whole world of happenings, bound together by a plot so cunning, with details so unexpected, ranging from your loftiest manifestations down to the last button on a shirtfront, that I swear to you, Leo Tolstoy himself could not invent the like; and yet such dreams come, now and then, to people who are no inventors at all, the most utterly ordinary people — clerks, columnists, priests…

  131. 131

    On this score there's even a whole puzzle: one minister actually confessed to me himself that all his best ideas come to him while he sleeps.

  132. 132

    Well, so it is now.

  133. 133

    Though I'm your hallucination, still, as in a nightmare, I say things that are original, things that have never until now entered your head, so that I'm not in the least repeating your own thoughts — and yet for all that I'm only your nightmare and nothing more.

  134. 134

    "You're lying."

  135. 135

    Your very aim is to persuade me that you exist on your own and aren't my nightmare, and now here you are confirming yourself that you're a dream.

  136. 136

    "My friend, today I've adopted a special method; I'll explain it to you later."

  137. 137

    Wait, where did I leave off?

  138. 138

    Yes — so I caught cold that time, only not here at your place, but back there still…

  139. 139

    "Where, there?

  140. 140

    Tell me, how long will you stay with me — can't you go away?"

  141. 141

    Ivan cried out, almost in despair.

  142. 142

    He stopped pacing, sat down on the sofa, leaned his elbows on the table again, and gripped his head in both hands.

  143. 143

    He tore the wet towel from his head and flung it down in vexation: clearly it was doing no good.

  144. 144

    "Your nerves are frayed," remarked the gentleman with an air at once free-and-easy, careless, and yet perfectly amiable, "you're cross with me even for being able to catch cold, and yet it came about in the most natural way."

  145. 145

    I was hurrying just then to a diplomatic soirée at the house of a certain great Petersburg lady who was angling for a ministry for her husband.

  146. 146

    Well — tailcoat, white tie, gloves — and yet I was still goodness knows where, and to reach you here on earth I had a whole expanse of space to fly across… of course it's only an instant, but a ray of light from the sun takes a full eight minutes, and there I was, picture it, in a tailcoat and an open waistcoat.

  147. 147

    Spirits don't freeze, but once I'd taken flesh, then… in a word, I was reckless and set off, and out there in those spaces — in the ether, in the waters that are above the firmament — why, it's such a frost… or rather, what frost — you can't even call it frost any longer, just imagine: a hundred and fifty degrees below zero!

  148. 148

    You know the 'amusement' country girls have: in a thirty-degree frost they coax a greenhorn into licking an axe; his tongue instantly freezes fast, and the dolt tears the skin off it bloody; and that's only at thirty degrees, but at a hundred and fifty, why, I think you'd need only lay a finger on the axe and it would be gone — if only… there could be an axe out there… — "And can there be an axe out there?"

  149. 149

    Ivan Fyodorovich suddenly broke in, absently and with disgust.

  150. 150

    He was resisting with all his might, so as not to believe his own delirium and not to sink finally into madness.

  151. 151

    "An axe?" the guest queried in astonishment.

  152. 152

    "Well yes — what would become of an axe out there?" Ivan Fyodorovich shouted all at once, with a kind of savage and dogged insistence.

  153. 153

    "What would become of an axe in space?

  154. 154

    Quelle idée!

  155. 155

    If it landed somewhere far enough off, it would, I think, take to circling the Earth, not knowing why itself, in the manner of a satellite.

  156. 156

    The astronomers would compute the rising and setting of the axe, Gatzuk would enter it in his almanac, and that would be that."

  157. 157

    "You're stupid, you're horribly stupid!"

  158. 158

    Ivan said stubbornly, "lie more cleverly, or I won't listen."

  159. 159

    You want to overpower me with realism, to convince me that you exist, but I refuse to believe that you exist!

  160. 160

    I won't believe it!!

  161. 161

    "But I'm not lying, it's all true; unfortunately, the truth is almost always rather unwitty."

  162. 162

    I see that you positively expect something grand of me, perhaps even something beautiful.

  163. 163

    That's a great pity, because I give only what I can.

  164. 164

    "Don't philosophize, you ass!"

  165. 165

    "How can I philosophize, when my whole right side has gone dead and I'm groaning and bellowing?"

  166. 166

    I've been through the whole of medicine: they can diagnose splendidly, they'll lay out your entire illness for you as if on their fingers — but they can't cure you. There was one enthusiastic little student here: even if you die, says he, you'll at least know perfectly well what disease you died of!

  167. 167

    And then there's that manner of theirs of referring you to specialists: we, they say, only diagnose, but go off to such-and-such a specialist, he'll cure you. The old-fashioned doctor who used to treat every illness has vanished utterly, utterly, I tell you; now there are only specialists, and they all advertise in the newspapers.

  168. 168

    If your nose hurts, they pack you off to Paris: there, they say, is a European specialist who treats noses.

  169. 169

    You come to Paris, he examines the nose: I can only cure your right nostril, says he, since I don't treat left nostrils, that's not my specialty; but after me go to Vienna, where a particular specialist will finish off the left nostril for you.

  170. 170

    What's one to do?

  171. 171

    I fell back on folk remedies; a German doctor advised me to rub myself all over with honey and salt on the shelf in a steam bath.

  172. 172

    Solely to get to the bathhouse one extra time, I went: I smeared myself all over, and no good came of it.

  173. 173

    In desperation I wrote to Count Mattei in Milan; he sent a book and some drops — bless him.

  174. 174

    And just imagine: Hoff's malt extract did the trick!

  175. 175

    I bought it by chance, drank off a bottle and a half, and was fit to dance — the whole thing vanished as if by magic.

  176. 176

    I absolutely resolved to print a 'thank you' to him in the papers — gratitude had spoken up in me — and now just imagine, here another story began: not a single editorial office would take it!

  177. 177

    "It would be very retrograde, they say, no one will believe it, le diable n'existe point.

  178. 178

    You'd better, they advise, print it anonymously."

  179. 179

    Well, what kind of 'thank you' is it if it's anonymous?

  180. 180

    I laughed with the clerks: 'It's retrograde, says I, to believe in God in our age — but I'm the devil, you may believe in me.'

  181. 181

    "'We understand, they say, who doesn't believe in the devil — but all the same it can't be done, it might harm our line.

  182. 182

    Unless as a joke?' Well, as a joke, I thought, it would fall flat.

  183. 183

    And so it never got printed.

  184. 184

    And would you believe it, that even rankled in my heart.

  185. 185

    My very best feelings — gratitude, for instance — are formally forbidden me, solely on account of my social position.

  186. 186

    "You've climbed into philosophy again!" Ivan ground out hatefully.

  187. 187

    "God preserve me, but one can't help complaining now and then, after all."

  188. 188

    I'm a slandered man.

  189. 189

    Here you keep telling me every minute that I'm stupid.

  190. 190

    One can see the young man in that.

  191. 191

    My friend, it isn't all a matter of intellect!

  192. 192

    By nature I have a kind and cheerful heart, 'I too can do all sorts of little vaudevilles.' You seem to take me decidedly for a grayed Khlestakov, and yet my fate is far more serious.

  193. 193

    By some pre-temporal decree, which I have never been able to make out, I am appointed 'to negate,' though in fact I am sincerely good and quite incapable of negation. No, go and negate, they say, for without negation there'd be no criticism, and what sort of journal would it be with no 'criticism section'?

  194. 194

    Without criticism there'd be nothing but 'hosanna.'

  195. 195

    But for life one 'hosanna' is too little; that 'hosanna' must pass through the crucible of doubt, and so on, and so forth, in that vein.

  196. 196

    I, however, don't mix myself up in any of it; I didn't create it, and I'm not answerable for it.

  197. 197

    Well, so they picked a scapegoat, made him write in the criticism section, and out of it came life.

  198. 198

    We understand this comedy: I, for one, plainly and simply demand my own annihilation.

  199. 199

    No, live, they say, because without you there would be nothing.

  200. 200

    If everything on earth were sensible, nothing would ever happen. Without you there would be no events at all, and there must be events.

  201. 201

    So I serve through gritted teeth, that there may be events, and I work the irrational to order.

  202. 202

    People take this whole comedy for something serious, even with all their indisputable intellect. Therein lies their tragedy.

  203. 203

    Well, they suffer, of course, but… still, in return they live, they live really, not fantastically; for suffering is precisely what life is.

  204. 204

    Without suffering, what pleasure would there be in it — everything would turn into one endless church service: it would be holy, but a bit of a bore.

  205. 205

    And I?

  206. 206

    I suffer, and yet I don't live.

  207. 207

    I'm the x in an indeterminate equation.

  208. 208

    I'm some phantom of life that has lost all its ends and beginnings, and has even forgotten at last what to call itself.

  209. 209

    You're laughing… no, you're not laughing, you're angry again.

  210. 210

    You're forever angry, all you ever want is intellect; and I'll say it to you once more, I'd give up this whole supra-stellar existence, all my ranks and honors, for the one thing of being incarnated in the soul of a seven-pood merchant's wife and setting up candles to God.

  211. 211

    "So you don't believe in God either?"

  212. 212

    Ivan sneered hatefully.

  213. 213

    "That is — how shall I put it to you, if you mean it seriously…"

  214. 214

    "Is there a God or not?"

  215. 215

    Ivan shouted again with savage insistence.

  216. 216

    "Ah, so you're serious?

  217. 217

    My dear fellow, by God, I don't know — there, I've said a great word."

  218. 218

    "You don't know, but you see God?

  219. 219

    No, you're not on your own, you are 'I,' you are 'I' and nothing more!

  220. 220

    You're trash, you're my fancy!"

  221. 221

    "That is — if you like, I'm of one and the same philosophy as you; that would be the just way to put it."

  222. 222

    Je pense donc je suis, that much I know for certain; but everything else around me, all these worlds, God, and even Satan himself — none of it is proven to me, whether it exists in itself or is only some emanation of mine, the consistent unfolding of my own 'I,' which exists pre-temporally and singly… in a word, I cut myself off quickly, because you look as though you'll spring up to fight in a moment. — "You'd do better to tell some anecdote!"

  223. 223

    Ivan brought out painfully.

  224. 224

    "There is an anecdote, and precisely on our theme — that is, it's not an anecdote, but rather a legend."

  225. 225

    Here you reproach me with unbelief: 'you see, yet you don't believe,' you say.

  226. 226

    But, my friend, I'm not the only one like that, after all; over there with us they've all gone muddled now, and all because of your sciences.

  227. 227

    While there were still atoms, five senses, four elements, well, then everything held together after a fashion.

  228. 228

    Atoms existed even in the ancient world.

  229. 229

    But once it got out among us that you'd discovered over there your 'chemical molecule' and your 'protoplasm' and the devil knows what else — well, then we just tucked our tails between our legs.

  230. 230

    Sheer confusion set in; the chief thing — superstition, gossip; for we have just as much gossip as you, even a touch more, and at last informers too, for we likewise have one such department where they take in certain 'intelligence.'

  231. 231

    Well, this wild legend dates from our Middle Ages — not yours, but ours — and not a soul believes it even among us, except the seven-pood merchants' wives, that is, again, not your merchants' wives but ours.

  232. 232

    Everything you have, we have too; this I'm letting you in on out of friendship, one secret of ours, though it's forbidden.

  233. 233

    This legend is about paradise.

  234. 234

    There was, they say, here on earth among you a certain thinker and philosopher who 'rejected everything — laws, conscience, faith' — and above all the life to come.

  235. 235

    He died, thinking he was going straight into darkness and death, and lo, before him — the life to come.

  236. 236

    He was amazed and outraged: 'This,' says he, 'contradicts my convictions.'

  237. 237

    So for that he was sentenced… that is, you see — forgive me, I'm only passing on what I heard myself, it's only a legend — he was sentenced, you see, to walk a quadrillion kilometers through the dark (we go by kilometers now, you know), and when he'd finished that quadrillion, then the gates of paradise would be opened to him and everything forgiven…

  238. 238

    "And what torments do you have in the next world, besides the quadrillion?"

  239. 239

    Ivan broke in with a kind of strange animation.

  240. 240

    "What torments?

  241. 241

    Ah, don't even ask: once it was this way and that, but nowadays it's mostly the moral kind that come — 'pangs of conscience' and all that rubbish.

  242. 242

    That too got started thanks to you, thanks to 'the softening of your manners.'

  243. 243

    Well, and who came out ahead? Only the unscrupulous came out ahead, because what are pangs of conscience to a man when he has no conscience at all?

  244. 244

    Meanwhile it was the decent people who suffered, the ones who still had some conscience and honor left in them…

  245. 245

    That's just it: reforms dropped onto unprepared ground, and copied besides from foreign institutions — nothing but harm comes of it!

  246. 246

    The old-fashioned little fire would have been better.

  247. 247

    Well, so this fellow, sentenced to the quadrillion, stood there, looked around, and lay down crosswise in the road: 'I won't go, on principle I refuse to go!' Take the soul of an enlightened Russian atheist and mix it with the soul of the prophet Jonah, who sulked three days and three nights in the belly of the whale — there you have the character of this thinker stretched out across the road.

  248. 248

    — And what did he stretch out on there?

  249. 249

    — Well, there was surely something to lie on. You're not laughing?

  250. 250

    — Splendid!

  251. 251

    — cried Ivan, still in that same strange animation.

  252. 252

    Now he was listening with a kind of unexpected curiosity.

  253. 253

    — Well then, is he lying there still?

  254. 254

    — That's exactly it — he isn't.

  255. 255

    He lay there nearly a thousand years, and then he got up and walked on.

  256. 256

    — What an ass!

  257. 257

    — exclaimed Ivan, laughing nervously, still as though he were working something out with great effort.

  258. 258

    — Isn't it all the same whether he lies there forever or walks the quadrillion versts?

  259. 259

    Why, that's a billion years of walking, isn't it?

  260. 260

    — Far more than that, in fact; only there's no pencil and paper to hand, or it could be reckoned up.

  261. 261

    But the thing is he arrived long ago, and that's just where the anecdote begins.

  262. 262

    — What, he arrived!

  263. 263

    But where did he get a billion years from?

  264. 264

    — You keep thinking about our present-day earth!

  265. 265

    But the present earth may itself have repeated a billion times; it lived out its span, froze over, cracked, crumbled to pieces, broke down into its constituent elements, then again the waters that were above the firmament, then again a comet, again a sun, again from the sun an earth — and this whole development may already have repeated an infinite number of times, and always in one and the same form, down to the last little dash. A tedium too unseemly for words…

  266. 266

    — Come, come, what came of it when he arrived?

  267. 267

    — No sooner had they opened paradise to him and he had stepped in than, before he had been there even two seconds — and this is by the clock, by the clock (though his watch, to my mind, ought long since to have broken down into its constituent elements in his pocket on the way) — before two seconds were out, he cried that for these two seconds one could traverse not only a quadrillion but a quadrillion of quadrillions, raised besides to the quadrillionth power!

  268. 268

    In short, he sang his 'hosanna,' and laid it on so thick that some there, those of a nobler cast of mind, would not even shake his hand at first: he had leapt over to the conservatives a shade too eagerly.

  269. 269

    The Russian temperament.

  270. 270

    I repeat: it's a legend.

  271. 271

    I'm passing it on for what it cost me, no more.

  272. 272

    So those are the sorts of notions that still circulate among us about all these matters.

  273. 273

    — I've caught you out!

  274. 274

    — cried Ivan with an almost childlike joy, as though something had finally come back to him for good, — this anecdote about the quadrillion of years — I made it up myself!

  275. 275

    I was seventeen at the time, I was at the gymnasium… I made up that anecdote then and told it to a schoolfellow, his name was Korovkin, it was in Moscow…

  276. 276

    The anecdote is so distinctive that I couldn't have taken it from anywhere.

  277. 277

    I had all but forgotten it… but it has come back to me now without my willing it — to me, myself, and not because you told it!

  278. 278

    Just as a thousand things come back to one unbidden, even when one is being carted off to execution… it came back to me in a dream.

  279. 279

    And you are that very dream!

  280. 280

    You are a dream and you do not exist!

  281. 281

    — By the very fury with which you reject me, — the gentleman laughed, — I'm convinced that you do believe in me all the same.

  282. 282

    — Not in the least!

  283. 283

    I don't believe in you by so much as a hundredth part!

  284. 284

    — But by a thousandth you do.

  285. 285

    Homeopathic doses, after all, are perhaps the very strongest.

  286. 286

    Admit that you believe — well, by a ten-thousandth… — Not for one minute!

  287. 287

    — Ivan cried furiously.

  288. 288

    — And yet I should like to believe in you!

  289. 289

    — he suddenly added, strangely.

  290. 290

    — Aha!

  291. 291

    There's a confession for you!

  292. 292

    But I'm kind, I'll help you out here too.

  293. 293

    Listen: it's I who caught you, not you who caught me!

  294. 294

    I told you your own anecdote on purpose — the one you'd already forgotten — so that you'd lose all faith in me for good.

  295. 295

    — You're lying!

  296. 296

    The purpose of your appearing is to persuade me that you exist.

  297. 297

    — Precisely.

  298. 298

    But the wavering, the unrest, the struggle of belief and unbelief — that, you see, is sometimes such torment for a conscientious man like you that hanging oneself would be better.

  299. 299

    Knowing that you believe in me a little, I deliberately instilled in you a final dose of unbelief by telling that anecdote.

  300. 300

    I lead you to and fro between faith and unfaith, and in this I have a purpose of my own.

  301. 301

    A new method, sir: when you've lost all faith in me, you'll set at once to assuring me to my face that I'm no dream but truly am, in very fact — I know you by now; and that is when I'll attain my end.

  302. 302

    And my end is a noble one.

  303. 303

    I'll cast into you only a tiny seed of faith, and from it an oak will grow — and such an oak that, sitting up in it, you'll long to join 'the fathers of the desert and the blameless wives'; for you want it dreadfully, dreadfully, in your secret heart — you'll take to eating locusts, you'll go dragging yourself off into the wilderness to be saved!

  304. 304

    — So you, scoundrel, are laboring for the salvation of my soul?

  305. 305

    — One has to do a good deed at least once in a while.

  306. 306

    How angry you are, though — how angry, as far as I can see!

  307. 307

    — Buffoon!

  308. 308

    And have you ever tempted the likes of those — the ones who eat locusts, you know, who pray seventeen years in the bare desert and have grown over with moss?

  309. 309

    — My dear fellow, it's the only thing I have done.

  310. 310

    You forget the whole world and all the worlds, and fasten on one such man, because the diamond is so very precious; one such soul is sometimes worth a whole constellation — for we have our own arithmetic.

  311. 311

    The victory is precious!

  312. 312

    And some of them, by God, are no lower than you in development, though you won't believe it: they can contemplate such abysses of belief and unbelief in one and the same moment that, truly, it sometimes seems a man needs only one more hair and he'll go 'head over heels,' as the actor Gorbunov says.

  313. 313

    — Well, and so — did he come away with his nose put out of joint?

  314. 314

    — My friend, — the guest observed sententiously, — it's still better to come away with one's nose put out than at times to come away without a nose at all, as a certain ailing marquis recently declared (a specialist must have been treating him) at confession to his Jesuit spiritual father.

  315. 315

    I was present — simply delightful.

  316. 316

    'Give me back,' he says, 'my nose!' And he beats his breast.

  317. 317

    'My son,' the priest hedges, 'by the inscrutable decrees of providence all things are made good, and a visible misfortune sometimes draws after it an extraordinary, if invisible, advantage.

  318. 318

    If a stern fate has deprived you of your nose, your advantage lies in this: that for the rest of your life no one will dare tell you that you've been left with a nose.'

  319. 319

    — 'Holy father, that's no consolation!' the desperate man exclaims; 'on the contrary, I'd be delighted to go on without a nose every day of my life, if only it were in its proper place!' — 'My son,' the priest sighs, 'one cannot demand every blessing at once, and this is already a murmuring against providence, which even here has not forgotten you; for if you cry out, as you cried out just now, that you'd gladly go on without a nose all your life, then even here your wish is already obliquely fulfilled: for, having lost your nose, you have by that very fact, after a fashion, been left with a nose after all…'

  320. 320

    — Pah, how stupid!

  321. 321

    — cried Ivan.

  322. 322

    — My friend, I only wanted to make you laugh, but I swear it's genuine Jesuit casuistry, and I swear it all happened to the letter, exactly as I've set it out for you.

  323. 323

    The case is a recent one and gave me a great deal of trouble.

  324. 324

    The unfortunate young man, returning home, shot himself that very night; I was at his side without leaving him until the last moment…

  325. 325

    As for those little Jesuit confessional booths, they are truly my dearest amusement in life's dreary hours.

  326. 326

    Here's another case for you, only just the other day.

  327. 327

    A little blonde comes to an old priest, a little Norman, a girl of about twenty.

  328. 328

    Such beauty, such a figure, such a nature — the mouth waters.

  329. 329

    She leans down and whispers her sin to the priest through the little grille.

  330. 330

    'What's this, my daughter, can you really have fallen again?..'

  331. 331

    — the priest exclaims.

  332. 332

    — 'O Sancta Maria, what do I hear: and not with the same man.'

  333. 333

    But how long is this to go on, and aren't you ashamed of yourself!' — 'Ah mon père,' answers the sinful woman, all in tears of penitence.

  334. 334

    — 'Ça lui fait tant de plaisir et à moi si peu de peine!' Now just imagine such an answer!

  335. 335

    At that even I drew back: it's the cry of nature herself, it's — if you like — better than innocence itself!

  336. 336

    I absolved her of her sin on the spot and was about to turn to go, but at once I was forced to come back: I hear the priest, through the little grille, arranging a rendezvous with her for that evening — and the old man was flint, mind you, yet there he fell in a single instant!

  337. 337

    Nature, the truth of nature, had its way!

  338. 338

    What, turning up your nose again, angry again?

  339. 339

    I really don't know how to please you anymore… — Leave me, you hammer in my brain like an inescapable nightmare, — Ivan groaned in anguish, powerless before his vision, — you bore me, you're unbearable, you're a torment!

  340. 340

    I'd give a great deal if I could drive you away!

  341. 341

    — I repeat, moderate your demands, don't ask of me 'all that is great and beautiful,' and you'll see how amicably we two shall get along, — the gentleman said impressively.

  342. 342

    — You're truly angry with me because I didn't appear to you somehow in a red glow, 'with thunder and lightning,' my wings scorched, but presented myself instead in such a modest guise.

  343. 343

    You're offended, first, in your aesthetic sensibilities, and secondly, in your pride: how, you think, could so vulgar a devil walk in on so great a man?

  344. 344

    No, there's that romantic streak in you after all — the very one that Belinsky once mocked.

  345. 345

    It can't be helped, young man.

  346. 346

    Just now, as I was getting ready to come to you, I did think, for a joke, of presenting myself as a retired actual state councillor who had served in the Caucasus, with the Star of the Lion and the Sun on my dress coat, but I decidedly took fright, because you'd have thrashed me simply for daring to pin the Lion and the Sun to my coat instead of, at the very least, the Polar Star or Sirius.

  347. 347

    And it's always the same with you — that I'm stupid.

  348. 348

    But, good God, I make no pretension to rival you in intellect.

  349. 349

    Mephistopheles, when he appeared to Faust, testified of himself that he wills evil yet does only good.

  350. 350

    Well, that's as he pleases; I am the exact opposite.

  351. 351

    I am perhaps the only man in all of nature who loves the truth and sincerely desires the good.

  352. 352

    I was present when the Word, having died on the cross, ascended into heaven, bearing on its breast the soul of the thief crucified at its right hand; I heard the joyful shrieks of the cherubim, singing and crying aloud, 'Hosanna,' and the thunderous cry of rapture from the seraphim, at which heaven and all creation shook.

  353. 353

    And then — I swear by all that is holy — I wanted to join the choir and cry out with the rest, 'Hosanna!' It was already flying from me, already bursting out of my breast… for I am, you know, very sensitive and artistically responsive.

  354. 354

    But sound common sense — oh, the most wretched trait of my nature — held me here too within proper bounds, and I let the moment slip!

  355. 355

    For what then, — I thought in that same instant, — what then would have come of my 'hosanna'?

  356. 356

    At once everything in the world would have gone out, and no more events would befall.

  357. 357

    And so, solely from a sense of duty and by virtue of my social position, I was forced to stifle the good moment in myself and stick to my dirty work.

  358. 358

    Someone takes all the credit for the good to himself, while to me are allotted only the dirty tricks.

  359. 359

    But I don't envy the honor of living as a sponger; I'm not ambitious.

  360. 360

    Why, out of all the beings in the world, am I alone condemned to the curses of all decent people and even to kicks from their boots, since, taking on flesh, I must sometimes accept such consequences as well?

  361. 361

    For I know there is a secret here, but they will on no account disclose the secret to me, because then, perhaps, having guessed what is afoot, I would roar out my 'hosanna,' and the necessary minus would vanish at once, and good sense would set in over all the world, and with it, of course, the end of everything, even of the newspapers and journals, for who would go on subscribing to them then.

  362. 362

    For I know that in the end I shall be reconciled, I too shall walk out my quadrillion and learn the secret.

  363. 363

    But until that comes to pass, I sulk and, with a heavy heart, carry out my appointed task: to ruin thousands so that one may be saved.

  364. 364

    How many souls, for instance, had to be ruined and how many honest reputations disgraced in order to obtain a single righteous Job — the one over whom I was so spitefully tripped up in the days of old!

  365. 365

    No, until the secret is disclosed, two truths exist for me: one over there, theirs, which is still wholly unknown to me, and the other my own.

  366. 366

    And it is still unknown which of the two will turn out the cleaner…

  367. 367

    Have you dozed off?

  368. 368

    "I should think so!" Ivan groaned spitefully, "everything stupid in my nature, long ago lived through, ground over in my mind, and cast off like carrion — you serve it back up to me as if it were some piece of news!"

  369. 369

    "I have not pleased you even there!"

  370. 370

    And here I thought to charm you even with the literary turn of it: that 'hosanna' up in the sky — really, it came off rather well with me, did it not?

  371. 371

    And then, just now, this sarcastic tone à la Heine — eh, is it not so?

  372. 372

    "No, I was never such a lackey!"

  373. 373

    How could my soul have given birth to such a lackey as you?

  374. 374

    "My friend, I know one most charming and most amiable young Russian gentleman: a youthful thinker and a great lover of literature and of elegant things, the author of a poem — a promising one — under the title 'The Grand Inquisitor'…"

  375. 375

    He is the only one I had in mind!

  376. 376

    "I forbid you to speak of 'The Grand Inquisitor,'" Ivan cried out, flushing all over with shame.

  377. 377

    "And what of the 'Geological Cataclysm,' then?"

  378. 378

    Remember it?

  379. 379

    Now there was a little poem!

  380. 380

    "Be quiet, or I will kill you!"

  381. 381

    "Kill me, will you?"

  382. 382

    No, forgive me, but I shall have my say.

  383. 383

    I came precisely to treat myself to that pleasure.

  384. 384

    Oh, I love the daydreams of my fervent, youthful friends, all aquiver with the thirst for life! 'There, new men,' you decided just this past spring, as you were making ready to come here, 'they propose to demolish everything and to begin with cannibalism.'

  385. 385

    The fools, they never asked me!

  386. 386

    To my mind, there is no need to demolish anything at all; one need only demolish the idea of God in mankind — that is where one must set to work!

  387. 387

    With that, with that one must begin — oh, you blind men who understand nothing!

  388. 388

    Once mankind, every last man, renounces God (and I believe that this period — a parallel to the geological epochs — will come to pass), then of itself, without cannibalism, the whole former worldview will fall, and above all the whole former morality, and everything will begin anew.

  389. 389

    Men will join together to take from life everything it can give, but solely for the sake of happiness and joy in this present world alone.

  390. 390

    Man will be exalted in spirit with a divine, titanic pride, and the man-god will appear.

  391. 391

    Conquering nature hourly, now without limit, by his will and by science, man will thereby feel hourly a delight so lofty that it will replace for him all the former hopes of heavenly delights.

  392. 392

    Each man will know that he is wholly mortal, with no resurrection, and will accept death proudly and calmly, like a god.

  393. 393

    Out of pride he will understand that he has nothing to complain of in life being but a moment, and he will love his brother with no need of any reward.

  394. 394

    Love will satisfy only the moment of life, yet the very awareness of its fleetingness will fan its fire so much the stronger, in proportion as it once spread itself thin in hopes of a love beyond the grave and without end'… well, and so on, and so forth in the same vein.

  395. 395

    Charming!

  396. 396

    Ivan sat with his hands clapped over his ears and his eyes fixed on the ground, but he had begun to tremble all over.

  397. 397

    The voice went on:

  398. 398

    "The question now is this, thought my young thinker: is it possible for such a period ever to arrive or not?"

  399. 399

    If it arrives, then all is settled, and mankind will be ordered once and for all.

  400. 400

    But since, in view of the ingrained stupidity of mankind, it may well not be ordered even in a thousand years, then anyone who already now recognizes the truth is permitted to order his life entirely as he pleases, on the new foundations.

  401. 401

    In that sense, for him 'everything is permitted.'

  402. 402

    More than that: even if this period should never arrive at all, then, since there is no God and no immortality anyway, the new man is permitted to become a man-god — even if he be the only one in the whole world — and, of course, in his new rank, to leap lightheartedly over any former moral barrier of the former man-slave, should the need arise.

  403. 403

    For God there exists no law!

  404. 404

    Where God stands — there is the place of God!

  405. 405

    Where I take my stand, there at once will be the first place…

  406. 406

    'everything is permitted,' and that is the end of it!

  407. 407

    All this is very fine; only, if one has set out to be a scoundrel, why, it would seem, does one still need the sanction of truth?

  408. 408

    But such is our modern little Russian man: without a sanction he will not even bring himself to cheat, so deeply has he come to love the truth…

  409. 409

    The guest spoke on, plainly carried away by his own eloquence, raising his voice higher and higher and glancing mockingly at his host; but he was not allowed to finish: Ivan suddenly snatched a glass from the table and flung it with all his might at the orator.

  410. 410

    "Ah, mais c'est bête enfin!"

  411. 411

    the other cried out, springing up from the sofa and flicking the spatters of tea off himself with his fingers, "he has remembered Luther's inkwell!"

  412. 412

    He takes me for a dream himself, and yet throws glasses at a dream!

  413. 413

    That is just like a woman!

  414. 414

    And I suspected as much, that you were only pretending to have stopped up your ears, while in fact you were listening…

  415. 415

    At the window frame, a firm and insistent knocking suddenly sounded from the yard.

  416. 416

    Ivan Fyodorovich leapt up from the sofa.

  417. 417

    "Listen, better open up," cried the guest, "it is your brother Alyosha with the most unexpected and curious piece of news — I give you my word!"

  418. 418

    "Be silent, deceiver, I knew before you that it was Alyosha, I had a presentiment of him, and of course he has not come for nothing, of course with 'news'!.." Ivan cried out in a frenzy.

  419. 419

    "Unlock it, then, unlock it for him."

  420. 420

    There is a blizzard out in the yard, and he is your brother.

  421. 421

    Monsieur, sait-il le temps qu'il fait?

  422. 422

    C'est à ne pas mettre un chien dehors…

  423. 423

    The knocking went on.

  424. 424

    Ivan made to throw himself at the window; but something seemed all at once to bind his legs and arms.

  425. 425

    With all his strength he strained as if to tear his bonds apart, but in vain.

  426. 426

    The knocking at the window grew ever louder and stronger.

  427. 427

    At last the bonds suddenly snapped, and Ivan Fyodorovich sprang up on the sofa.

  428. 428

    He looked wildly about him.

  429. 429

    Both candles had nearly burned down, the glass he had just thrown at his guest stood before him on the table, and on the sofa opposite there was no one.

  430. 430

    The knocking at the window frame, though it did go on insistently, was not nearly so loud as it had seemed to him just now in his dream — on the contrary, it was quite restrained.

  431. 431

    "It is not a dream!"

  432. 432

    No, I swear it was not a dream, all of it happened just now!

  433. 433

    Ivan Fyodorovich cried out, rushing to the window and opening the little ventilation pane.

  434. 434

    "Alyosha, I told you not to come!" he shouted ferociously at his brother.

  435. 435

    "In two words: what do you want?"

  436. 436

    In two words, do you hear?

  437. 437

    "An hour ago Smerdyakov hanged himself," Alyosha answered from the yard.

  438. 438

    "Come round to the porch, I will open up for you at once," said Ivan, and he went to let Alyosha in.

The particulars

The text
Братья Карамазовы, Fyodor Dostoevsky. Book XI — Ivan.
Translation
Public-domain Russian (Dostoevsky, d. 1881). Translation © 2026 1732 Studios.
Words
Every word of the text, by letter.
Data
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Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.